title: Fabolous

text: Fabolous released his second album "Street Dreams" on March 4, 2003. Powered by a Just Blaze beat and guest vocals from Lil' Mo and Mike Shorey, "Can't Let You Go" reached number one on the Rhythmic Top 40 chart and number four on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. "Into You" with Tamia also reached number four on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Also released on Street Dreams was the lead single club banger "This Is My Party" and "Trade It All Pt. 2" which featured Jagged Edge as it did on the Ghetto Fabolous version, as well as Diddy.


title: Fabolous

text: Exactly seven months later, on November 4, 2003, Fabolous dropped his official mixtape, . It was an official release by his record label, Elektra. The album featured remixes and tracks not originally on "Street Dreams". This album was also an outlet for his three-man crew, known as the Triangle Offense, consisting of himself, Paul Cain, and Joe Budden. The album actually features a remix to song "Fire", which was originally on Joe Budden's self-titled debut album.


title: Fabolous

text: Fabolous' third album "Real Talk" was released on November 5, 2004. It debuted at number six on the "Billboard" 200 with 179,000 copies and had two charting singles, the lowest in his career. The two charting singles are his street anthem "Breathe" and "Baby," which features Mike Shorey, and shows his more sensitive side that he has shown on many songs in the past. His second single was not promoted until weeks after the album's release. "Tit 4 Tat" was his third single. Pharrell of The Neptunes produced it and did the hook. Fab feels that the single didn't hit it as big as it should have due to poor advertising. Making the music video for his fourth single, "Do the Damn Thing" cost Jackson $30,000. The song featured Young Jeezy, who became known to the public through the video. The same year, Fabolous was nominated for a Grammy Award for his collaboration on the "Dip It Low" remix by Christina Milian. Fabolous stated in 2004 that he wanted to release his own clothing line. The line called "Rich Yung Society" was launched in 2006.


title: Fabolous

text: In early 2006, Fabolous was let out of his contract with Atlantic and officially signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings, after a "de facto" trade that sent Def Jam artist Musiq, to Atlantic.


title: Fabolous

text: His fourth studio album, "From Nothin' to Somethin", was released in June 2007. Fabolous took the number one spot on "Billboard"'s Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and Top Rap Albums charts for the first time in his career and it debuted at number two on the "Billboard" 200, selling 159,000 copies in its first week. The album was certified Gold in July 2007. It is his first album on Def Jam Recordings. He was featured on the cover of video game "".


title: Fabolous

text: The first single and video, "Diamonds", features Young Jeezy who also appeared on the "Real Talk" track "Do the Damn Thing". Lil Wayne and Remy Ma are featured on the remix. His second single was "Return of the Hustle" which featured Swizz Beatz, also came out before the album release, to some acclaim, but little airplay. His third single though, "Make Me Better," which features fellow Def Jam artist Ne-Yo, and is produced by Timbaland, was his biggest hit to date, spending 14 weeks at number one on the Hot Rap Track Billboard Chart. The fourth single was "Baby Don't Go." Jermaine Dupri produced it and T-Pain sings the hook. However, in music video version of the song, Jermaine Dupri sings the hook. This song also found success, reaching number four on the Hot Rap Track Chart.


title: Fabolous

text: Fabolous released his fifth studio album, "Loso's Way", in July 2009. The album is based on the 1993 film "Carlito's Way", similar to Jay-Z's "American Gangster". The first official single is "Throw It in the Bag", featuring The-Dream, and is produced by Christopher "Tricky" Stewart. The second single is "My Time", featuring Jeremih, and is produced by The Runners and Kevin "KC" Cossom. The third single is "Everything, Everyday, Everywhere", featuring Keri Hilson, and is produced by Ryan Leslie. The album debuted at number one on the "Billboard" 200, selling 99,000 copies in its first week. It became Fabolous' first album to top the chart. In its second week of sales, the album dropped 8 spots from #1 to #9, selling 37,000 copies. A deluxe album was released on the same day as the standard release. The edition features a bonus DVD, ("Loso's Way" the movie). The movie features Fabolous (and three other of his friends). Fabolous is leaving a restaurant when he is shot. His three friends quickly rush Fabolous to the hospital, but are stopped by the police after running a red light. Fellow rapper Styles P has a role in the movie. DJ Clue, DJ Khaled, Jadakiss, Swizz Beatz, DJ Envy, and Ryan Leslie make cameo appearances. The movie "Loso's Way" runs for 33:03 minutes. In order to view "Loso's Way", the deluxe album "Loso's Way" must be purchased. In September 2009, Fabolous was ranked number eight on MTV's Hottest MC in the Game list. In an interview on December 10, 2009, with MTV, he announced that he would be releasing part two to his mixtape series with DJ Drama entitled: "There is No Competition – Part 2: The Funeral Service." Fabolous announced that it would be released on Christmas Day as a gift to his fans. He then pushed back the release date multiple times via Twitter before he and DJ Drama finally released the mixtape online on March 4, 2010.


title: Fabolous

text: On March 5, 2010, Fabolous released "There Is No Competition 2: The Funeral Service", his fourth solo mixtape and the sequel to 2008's "There Is No Competition". Due to the popularity of the mixtape, Fabolous re-released it for retail in the form of an extended play (EP) titled "". The EP, which was preceded by the Ryan Leslie-produced single "You Be Killin Em", was released on August 29, 2010. The single peaked at number 68 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: Fabolous

text: After it was announced that his sixth album would once again be delayed, Fabolous chose to release a new project titled "The S.O.U.L. Tape". The mixtape was released on April 22, 2011, and features Fabolous rapping over soul-sampling production, inspired by a freestyle he had done over the instrumental to Kanye West's "Devil in a New Dress". On Christmas Day 2011, Fabolous released "", the third installment in his "There Is No Competition" mixtape series. On November 22, 2012, Fabolous released his seventh mixtape, "The S.O.U.L. Tape 2". "The S.O.U.L. Tape 2" featured guest appearances from Trey Songz, Pusha T, Cassie, J. Cole, Wale and Joe Budden. The mixtape's production was handled by Streetrunner, Treddy da Don, AraabMuzik and Cardiak, among others, and follows the theme of the first album by utilising heavy usage of soul samples throughout.


title: Fabolous

text: In late 2012, Fabolous announced his sixth album, then-titled "Loso's Way 2: Rise to Power", would be released in 2013. The first official single from "Loso's Way 2", "Ready" featuring singer Chris Brown was released on January 17, 2013. The second single "When I Feel Like It" featuring 2 Chainz was released on July 9, 2013. In an interview Fabolous revealed the list of features included Trey Songz, Ne-Yo, FYUTCH, Rick Ross, and Young Jeezy and stated that the album was about him "evolving and growing as a person, as a man, as an artist, as a father, as a friend." "Loso's Way 2" was scheduled to be released in 2013 by Desert Storm and Def Jam, however, the album was delayed all year long and subsequently rescheduled for release in 2014. On July 30, 2014, Fabolous announced that the lead single from the album would be released by "the end of summer" and would again feature Chris Brown. He stated that "Ready" was just a "warmup record" for this song and that it would be very melodic.


title: Fabolous

text: On August 22, 2014, Fabolous announced that his much delayed sixth studio album had been renamed to "Young OG". This was later changed to "The Young OG Project". On December 1, 2014, Fabolous announced the release date for "The Young OG Project" to be December 25, 2014, with the announcement posted on his new Keek page. Speaking to MTV, Fabolous said the album would be "very '90s-inspired and '90s themed.". On the same day of the album release announcement, Roc Nation announced Fabolous had signed a management deal. "The Young OG Project" was released on Christmas Day 2014 and debuted at number 12 on the "Billboard" 200 chart, with first-week sales of 71,000 copies in the United States.


title: Fabolous

text: In October 2015, Fabolous confirmed that he would be releasing two new projects by the end of the year, announcing one of them would follow the trend set by "" and "The Young OG Project" by releasing on Christmas Day. On November 26, Fabolous released the free mixtape "Summertime Shootout", and announced the second installment of "The Young OG Project" for December 25, however, it has since been delayed indefinitely.


title: Fabolous

text: On February 29, 2016, Fabolous and Jadakiss announced that work had begun on their first collaborative project, a mixtape pre-emptively titled "Freddy vs. Jason". On April 2, 2016, they released a freestyle to Future's "Wicked" that they confirmed would appear on the project, which they also announced would not be a mixtape, but a full album. On April 29, 2016, Fabolous worked with K-pop artist Jessica Jung as a featured artist and co-writer on a track titled "Fly", the lead single for her first mini album, With Love, J. On September 3, 2016, Fabolous released the second installment of the Summertime Shootout mixtape series, titled "". On October 31, 2017, the first single off the album "Stand Up" featuring Future. On November 21, 2017, it was announced that the album title was changed to "Friday on Elm Street". The album was released on November 24, 2017, and had features from Future, Swizz Beatz, and French Montana.


title: Fabolous

text: On November 19, 2019, Fabolous released a 30-second trailer on his instagram for "" along with its release date, confirming that it would be released November 29, 2019. A week later, the tracklist and the cover art were released for the album and it was also confirmed to be the final installment of the Summertime Shootout series. The album debuted at number 7 on the "Billboard" 200 with first week sales of 44,000 album-equivalent units, making it Fabolous's seventh top-10 album.


title: Fabolous

text: Fabolous and his girlfriend Emily Bustamante have two sons & one daughter, born in 2008, 2015 & 2020.


title: Fabolous

text: In January and March 2003, Fabolous was arrested for possessing an unlicensed gun in his car. His bodyguard later showed proof of ownership for the gun.


title: Fabolous

text: In the morning of October 17, 2006, Fabolous was shot once near his leg after exiting Justin's, a restaurant owned by Sean "Diddy" Combs in Manhattan. After the shooting, he and his entourage were charged with criminal possession of a weapon and criminal possession of a defaced firearm after being pulled over for running a red light, in which police discovered two unlicensed guns. Later on, Fabolous was treated at a local hospital and was released eight days later.


title: Fabolous

text: On March 29, 2018, Fabolous was arrested for domestic violence after allegedly assaulting his girlfriend Emily Bustamante. On October 10, 2018, he was indicted by a grand jury in New Jersey on four felony charges of domestic assault. He reportedly accepted a plea deal in March 2019.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Chalukya dynasty () was a Classical Indian dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th centuries. During this period, they ruled as three related yet individual dynasties. The earliest dynasty, known as the "Badami Chalukyas", ruled from Vatapi (modern Badami) from the middle of the 6th century. The Badami Chalukyas began to assert their independence at the decline of the Kadamba kingdom of Banavasi and rapidly rose to prominence during the reign of Pulakeshin II. After the death of Pulakeshin II, the Eastern Chalukyas became an independent kingdom in the eastern Deccan. They ruled from Vengi until about the 11th century. In the western Deccan, the rise of the Rashtrakutas in the middle of the 8th century eclipsed the Chalukyas of Badami before being revived by their descendants, the Western Chalukyas, in the late 10th century. These Western Chalukyas ruled from Kalyani (modern Basavakalyan) until the end of the 12th century.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The rule of the Chalukyas marks an important milestone in the history of South India and a golden age in the history of Karnataka. The political atmosphere in South India shifted from smaller kingdoms to large empires with the ascendancy of Badami Chalukyas. A Southern India-based kingdom took control and consolidated the entire region between the Kaveri and the Narmada rivers. The rise of this empire saw the birth of efficient administration, overseas trade and commerce and the development of new style of architecture called "Chalukyan architecture". Kannada literature, which had enjoyed royal support in the 9th century Rashtrakuta court found eager patronage from the Western Chalukyas in the Jain and Veerashaiva traditions. The 11th century saw the patronage of Telugu literature under the Eastern Chalukyas.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: While opinions vary regarding the early origins of the Chalukyas, the consensus among noted historians such as John Keay, D.C. Sircar, Hans Raj, S. Sen, Kamath, K. V. Ramesh and Karmarkar is that the founders of the empire at Badami were native to the modern Karnataka region.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: A theory that they were descendants of a 2nd-century chieftain called Kandachaliki Remmanaka, a feudatory of the Andhra Ikshvaku (from an Ikshvaku inscription of the 2nd century) was put forward. This according to Kamath has failed to explain the difference in lineage. The Kandachaliki feudatory call themselves "Vashisthiputras" of the "Hiranyakagotra". The Chalukyas, however, address themselves as "Harithiputras" of "Manavyasagotra" in their inscriptions, which is the same lineage as their early overlords, the Kadambas of Banavasi. This makes them descendants of the Kadambas. The Chalukyas took control of the territory formerly ruled by the Kadambas.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: A later record of Eastern Chalukyas mentions the northern origin theory and claims one ruler of Ayodhya came south, defeated the Pallavas and married a Pallava princess. She had a child called Vijayaditya who is claimed to be the Pulakeshin I's father. However, according to the historians K. V. Ramesh, Chopra and Sastri, there are Badami Chalukya inscriptions that confirm Jayasimha was Pulakeshin I's grandfather and Ranaraga, his father. Kamath and Moraes claim it was a popular practice in the 11th century to link South Indian royal family lineage to a Northern kingdom. The Badami Chalukya records themselves are silent with regards to the Ayodhya origin.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: While the northern origin theory has been dismissed by many historians, the epigraphist K. V. Ramesh has suggested that an earlier southern migration is a distinct possibility which needs examination. According to him, the complete absence of any inscriptional reference of their family connections to Ayodhya, and their subsequent Kannadiga identity may have been due to their earlier migration into present day Karnataka region where they achieved success as chieftains and kings. Hence, the place of origin of their ancestors may have been of no significance to the kings of the empire who may have considered themselves natives of the Kannada speaking region. The writing of 12th century Kashmiri poet Bilhana suggests the Chalukya family belonged to the Shudra caste while other sources claim they were Kshatriyas.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The historians Jan Houben and Kamath, and the epigraphist D.C. Sircar note the Badami Chalukya inscriptions are in Kannada and Sanskrit. According to the historian N. L. Rao, their inscriptions call them "Karnatas" and their names use indigenous Kannada titles such as "Priyagallam" and "Noduttagelvom". The names of some Chalukya princes end with the pure Kannada term "arasa" (meaning "king" or "chief"). The Rashtrakuta inscriptions call the Chalukyas of Badami "Karnatabala" ("Power of Karnata"). It has been proposed by the historian S. C. Nandinath that the word "Chalukya" originated from "Salki" or "Chalki" which is a Kannada word for an agricultural implement. According to some historians, the Chalukyas originated from agriculturists.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Inscriptions in Sanskrit and Kannada are the main source of information about Badami Chalukya history. Among them, the Badami cave inscriptions of Mangalesha (578), Kappe Arabhatta record of c. 700, Peddavaduguru inscription of Pulakeshin II, the Kanchi Kailasanatha Temple inscription and Pattadakal Virupaksha Temple inscription of Vikramaditya II (all in Kannada language) provide more evidence of the Chalukya language. The Badami cliff inscription of Pulakeshin I (543), the Mahakuta Pillar inscription of Mangalesha (595) and the Aihole inscription of Pulakeshin II (634) are examples of important Sanskrit inscriptions written in old Kannada script.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The reign of the Chalukyas saw the arrival of Kannada as the predominant language of inscriptions along with Sanskrit, in areas of the Indian peninsula outside what is known as Tamilakam (Tamil country). Several coins of the Badami Chalukyas with Kannada legends have been found. All this indicates that Kannada language flourished during this period.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Chalukya kings were called "Velpularasar" and "Velkulattarasar" by some communities, that is kings over "Vel" country ("pula" means region or country)). Later day references to them in Choļa inscriptions puts the Chalukyas under the Velir community ruling in Deccan.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Travelogues of contemporary foreign travellers have provided useful information about the Chalukyan empire. The Chinese traveller Xuanzang had visited the court of Pulakeshin II. At the time of this visit, as mentioned in the Aihole record, Pulakeshin II had divided his empire into three "Maharashtrakas" or great provinces comprising 99,000 villages each. This empire possibly covered present day Karnataka, Maharashtra and coastal Konkan. Xuanzang, impressed with the governance of the empire observed that the benefits of the king's efficient administration was felt far and wide. Later, Persian emperor Khosrau II exchanged ambassadors with Pulakeshin II.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Some scholars connect the Chalukyas with the Chaulukyas (Solankis) of Gujarat. According to a myth mentioned in latter manuscripts of Prithviraj Raso, Chaulukyas were born out of fire-pit (Agnikund) at Mount Abu. However it has been reported that the story of Agnikula is not mentioned at all in the original version of the Prithviraj Raso preserved in the Fort Library at Bikaner.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: According to the Nilagunda inscription of King Vikramaditya VI (11th century or later), the Chalukyas originally hailed from Ayodhya where fifty-nine kings ruled, and later, sixteen more of this family ruled from South India where they had migrated. This is repeated by his court poet Bilhana, who claims that the first member of the family, "Chalukya", was so named as he was born in the "hollow of the hands" of God Brahma. Some genealogical accounts point to an Ayodhya origin and claim that the Chalukyas belonged to the Solar dynasty.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: According to a theory put forward by Lewis, the Chalukya were descendants of the "Seleukia" tribe of Iraq and that their conflict with the Pallava of Kanchi was, but a continuation of the conflict between ancient Seleukia and "Parthians", the proposed ancestors of Pallavas. However, this theory has been rejected by Kamath as it seeks to build lineages based simply on similar-sounding clan names.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Chalukyas ruled over the Deccan plateau in India for over 600 years. During this period, they ruled as three closely related, but individual dynasties. These are the "Chalukyas of Badami" (also called "Early Chalukyas"), who ruled between the 6th and the 8th century, and the two sibling dynasties, the "Chalukyas of Kalyani" (also called Western Chalukyas or "Later Chalukyas") and the "Chalukyas of Vengi" (also called Eastern Chalukyas).


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: In the 6th century, with the decline of the Gupta dynasty and their immediate successors in northern India, major changes began to happen in the area south of the Vindhyas – the Deccan and Tamilakam. The age of small kingdoms had given way to large empires in this region. The Chalukya dynasty was established by Pulakeshin I in 543. Pulakeshin I took Vatapi (modern Badami in Bagalkot district, Karnataka) under his control and made it his capital. Pulakeshin I and his descendants are referred to as "Chalukyas of Badami". They ruled over an empire that comprised the entire state of Karnataka and most of Andhra Pradesh in the Deccan.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Pulakeshin II, whose pre-coronation name was Ereya, commanded control over the entire Deccan and is perhaps the most well-known emperor of the Badami dynasty. He is considered one of the notable kings in Indian history. His queens were princess from the Alupa Dynasty of South Canara and the Western Ganga Dynasty of Talakad, clans with whom the Chalukyas maintained close family and marital relationships. Pulakeshin II extended the Chalukya Empire up to the northern extents of the Pallava kingdom and halted the southward march of Harsha by defeating him on the banks of the river Narmada. He then defeated the Vishnukundins in the south-eastern Deccan. Pallava Narasimhavarman however reversed this victory in 642 by attacking and occupying Badami temporarily. It is presumed Pulakeshin II, "the great hero", died fighting.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Badami Chalukya dynasty went into a brief decline following the death of Pulakeshin II due to internal feuds when Badami was occupied by the Pallavas for a period of thirteen years. It recovered during the reign of Vikramaditya I, who succeeded in pushing the Pallavas out of Badami and restoring order to the empire. Vikramaditya I took the title "Rajamalla" ("lit" "Sovereign of the "Mallas"" or Pallavas). The thirty-seven year rule of Vijayaditya (696–733) was a prosperous one and is known for prolific temple building activity.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The empire was its peak again during the rule of the illustrious Vikramaditya II (733–744) who is known not only for his repeated invasions of the territory of Tondaimandalam and his subsequent victories over Pallava Nandivarman II, but also for his benevolence towards the people and the monuments of Kanchipuram, the Pallava capital. He thus avenged the earlier humiliation of the Chalukyas by the Pallavas and engraved a Kannada inscription on the victory pillar at the Kailasanatha Temple. During his reign Arab intruders of the Caliphal province of Sind invaded southern Gujarat which was under Chalukya rule, but the Arabs were defeated and driven out by Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin, the governor of the Chalukya branch of Navsari. Vikramaditya II later overran the other traditional kingdoms of Tamil country, the Pandyas, the Cholas and the Cheras in addition to subduing a Kalabhra ruler. The last Chalukya king, Kirtivarman II, was overthrown by the Rashtrakuta King Dantidurga in 753. At their peak, the Chalukyas ruled a vast empire stretching from the Kaveri in the south to the Narmada in the north.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Chalukyas revived their fortunes in 973 after over 200 years of dormancy when much of the Deccan was under the rule of the Rashtrakutas. The genealogy of the kings of this empire is still debated. One theory, based on contemporary literary and inscriptional evidence plus the finding that the Western Chalukyas employed titles and names commonly used by the early Chalukyas, suggests that the Western Chalukya kings belonged to the same family line as the illustrious Badami Chalukya dynasty of the 6th century while other Western Chalukya inscriptional evidence indicates they were a distinct line unrelated to the Early Chalukyas.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Tailapa II, a Rashtrakuta feudatory ruling from Tardavadi – 1000 (Bijapur district) overthrew Karka II, re-established the Chalukya rule in the western Deccan and recovered most of the Chalukya empire. The Western Chalukyas ruled for over 200 years and were in constant conflict with the Cholas, and with their cousins, the Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi. Vikramaditya VI is widely considered the most notable ruler of the dynasty. Starting from the very beginning of his reign, which lasted fifty years, he abolished the original "Saka" era and established the "Vikrama Era". Most subsequent Chalukya inscriptions are dated in this new era. Vikramaditya VI was an ambitious and skilled military leader. Under his leadership the Western Chalukyas were able to end the Chola influence over Vengi (coastal Andhra) and become the dominant power in the Deccan. The Western Chalukya period was an important age in the development of Kannada literature and Sanskrit literature. They went into their final dissolution towards the end of the 12th century with the rise of the Hoysala Empire, the Pandyas, the Kakatiya and the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Pulakeshin II conquered the eastern Deccan, corresponding to the coastal districts of modern Andhra Pradesh in 616, defeating the remnants of the Vishnukundina kingdom. He appointed his brother Kubja Vishnuvardhana as Viceroy in 621. Thus the Eastern Chalukyas were originally of Kannada stock. After the death of Pulakeshin II, the Vengi Viceroyalty developed into an independent kingdom and included the region between Nellore and Visakhapatnam.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: After the decline of the Badami Chalukya empire in the mid-8th century, territorial disputes flared up between the Rashtrakutas, the new rulers of the western deccan, and the Eastern Chalukyas. For much of the next two centuries, the Eastern Chalukyas had to accept subordination towards the Rashtrakutas. Apart from a rare military success, such as the one by Vijayaditya II(c.808–847), it was only during the rule of Bhima I (c.892–921) that these Chalukyas were able to celebrate a measure of independence. After the death of Bhima I, the Andhra region once again saw succession disputes and interference in Vengi affairs by the Rashtrakutas.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The fortunes of the Eastern Chalukyas took a turn around 1000. Danarnava, their king, was killed in battle in 973 by the Telugu Choda King Bhima who then imposed his rule over the region for twenty-seven years. During this time, Danarnava's two sons took refuge in the Chola kingdom. Choda Bhima's invasion of Tondaimandalam, a Chola territory, and his subsequent death on the battlefield opened up a new era in Chola–Chalukya relations. Saktivarman I, the elder son of Danarnava was crowned as the ruler of Vengi in 1000, though under the control of king Rajaraja Chola I. This new relationship between the Cholas and the coastal Andhra kingdom was unacceptable to the Western Chalukyas, who had by then replaced the Rashtrakutas as the main power in the western Deccan. The Western Chalukyas sought to brook the growing Chola influence in the Vengi region but were unsuccessful.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Initially, the Eastern Chalukyas had encouraged Kannada language and literature, though, after a period of time, local factors took over and they gave importance to Telugu language. Telugu literature owes its growth to the Eastern Chalukyas.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Badami Chalukya era was an important period in the development of South Indian architecture. The kings of this dynasty were called "Umapati Varlabdh" and built many temples for the Hindu god Shiva. Their style of architecture is called "Chalukyan architecture" or "Karnata Dravida architecture". Nearly a hundred monuments built by them, rock cut (cave) and structural, are found in the Malaprabha river basin in modern Bagalkot district of northern Karnataka. The building material they used was a reddish-golden Sandstone found locally. These cave temples are basically excavations, cut out of the living rock sites they occupy. They were not built as their structural counterparts were, rather created by a special technique known as "subtraction" and are basically sculptural. Though they ruled a vast empire, the Chalukyan workshops concentrated most of their temple building activity in a relatively small area within the Chalukyan heartland – Aihole, Badami, Pattadakal and Mahakuta in modern Karnataka state.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Their temple building activity can be categorised into three phases. The early phase began in the last quarter of the 6th century and resulted in many cave temples, prominent among which are three elementary cave temples at Aihole (one Vedic, one Jain and one Buddhist which is incomplete), followed by four developed cave temples at Badami (of which cave 3, a Vaishnava temple, is dated accurately to 578 CE). These cave temples at Badami are similar, in that, each has a plain exterior but an exceptionally well finished interior consisting of a pillared verandah, a columned hall ("mantapa") and a cella (shrine, cut deep into rock) which contains the deity of worship. In Badami, three caves temples are Vedic and one in Jain. The Vedic temples contain large well sculpted images of Harihara, Mahishasuramardhini, Varaha, Narasimha, Trivikrama, Vishnu seated on Anantha (the snake) and Nataraja (dancing Shiva).


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The second phase of temple building was at Aihole (where some seventy structures exist and has been called "one of the cradles of Indian temple architecture") and Badami. Though the exact dating of these temples has been debated, there is consensus that the beginnings of these constructions are from c. 600. These are the Lad Khan Temple (dated by some to c. 450 but more accurately to 620) with its interesting perforated stone windows and sculptures of river goddesses; the Meguti Jain Temple (634) which shows progress in structural design; the Durga Temple with its northern Indian style tower (8th century) and experiments to adapt a Buddhist "Chaitya" design to a brahminical one (its stylistic framework is overall a hybrid of north and south Indian styles.); the Huccimalli Gudi Temple with a new inclusion, a vestibule, connecting the sanctum to the hall. Other "dravida" style temples from this period are the Naganatha Temple at Nagaral; the Banantigudi Temple, the Mahakutesvara Temple and the Mallikarjuna Temple at Mahakuta; and the Lower Sivalaya Temple, the Malegitti Sivalaya Temple (upper) and the Jambulingesvara Temple at Badami. Located outside the Chalukyan architectural heartland, 140 km south-east of Badami, with a structure related to the Early Chalukya style is the unusual Parvati Temple at Sanduru which dates to the late 7th century. It is medium-sized, 48 ft long and 37 ft wide. It has a "nagara" (north Indian) style "vimana" (tower) and "dravida" (south Indian) style parts, has no mantapa (hall) and consists of an "antarala" (vestibule) crowned with a barrel-vaulted tower ("sukhanasi"). The "staggered" base plan of the temple became popular much later, in the 11th century.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The structural temples at Pattadakal, built in the 8th century and now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, marks the culmination and mature phase of Badami Chalukyan architecture. The Bhutanatha group of temples at Badami are also from this period. There are ten temples at Pattadakal, six in southern "dravida" style and four in the northern "nagara" style. Well known among these are the Sangamesvara Temple (725), the Virupaksha Temple (740–745) and the Mallikarjuna Temple (740–745) in the southern style. The Papanatha temple (680) and Galaganatha Temple (740) are early attempts in the "nagara" – "dravida" fusion style. Inscriptional evidence suggests that the Virupaksha and the Mallikarjuna Temples were commissioned by the two queens of King Vikramaditya II after his military success over the Pallavas of Kanchipuram. Some well known names of Chalukyan architects are Revadi Ovajja, Narasobba and Anivarita Gunda.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The reign of Western Chalukyas was an important period in the development of Deccan architecture. Their architecture served as a conceptual link between the Badami Chalukya architecture of the 8th century and the Hoysala architecture popularised in the 13th century. The centre of their cultural and temple-building activity lay in the Tungabhadra region of modern Karnataka state, encompassing the present-day Dharwad district; it included areas of present-day Haveri and Gadag districts. Here, large medieval workshops built numerous monuments. These monuments, regional variants of pre-existing dravida temples, defined the "Karnata dravida" tradition.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The most notable of the many buildings dating from this period are the Mahadeva Temple at Itagi in the Koppal district, the Kasivisvesvara Temple at Lakkundi in the Gadag district, the Mallikarjuna Temple at Kuruvatti, and the Kallesvara Temple at Bagali, both in the Davangere district. Other notable constructions are the Dodda Basappa Temple at Dambal (Gadag district), the Siddhesvara Temple at Haveri (Haveri district), and the Amrtesvara Temple at Annigeri (Dharwad district). The Eastern Chalukyas built some fine temples at Alampur, in modern eastern Andhra Pradesh.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Aihole inscription of Pulakeshin II (634) written by his court poet Ravikirti in Sanskrit language and Kannada script is considered as a classical piece of poetry. A few verses of a poet named Vijayanaka who describes herself as the "dark Sarasvati" have been preserved. It is possible that she may have been a queen of prince Chandraditya (a son of Pulakeshin II). Famous writers in Sanskrit from the Western Chalukya period are Vijnaneshwara who achieved fame by writing Mitakshara, a book on Hindu law, and King Someshvara III, a noted scholar, who compiled an encyclopedia of all arts and sciences called "Manasollasa".


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: From the period of the Badami Chalukyas, references are made to the existence of Kannada literature, though not much has survived. Inscriptions however refer to Kannada as the "natural language". The Kappe Arabhatta record of c. 700 in "tripadi" (three line) metre is the earliest available work in Kannada poetics. "Karnateshwara Katha", which was quoted later by Jayakirti, is believed to be a eulogy of Pulakeshin II and to have belonged to this period. Other probable Kannada writers, whose works are not extant now but titles of which are known from independent references are Syamakundacharya (650), who is said to have authored the "Prabhrita", and Srivaradhadeva (also called Tumubuluracharya, 650 or earlier), the possible author of the "Chudamani" ("Crest Jewel"), a lengthy commentary on logic.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The rule of the Western and Eastern Chalukyas, however, is a major event in the history of Kannada and Telugu literatures respectively. By the 9th–10th centuries, Kannada language had already seen some of its most notable writers. The "three gems" of Kannada literature, Adikavi Pampa, Sri Ponna and Ranna belonged to this period. In the 11th century, Telugu literature was born under the patronage of the Eastern Chalukyas with Nannaya Bhatta as its first writer.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The army was well organised and this was the reason for Pulakeshin II's success beyond the Vindyas. It consisted of an infantry, a cavalry, an elephant corps and a powerful navy. The Chinese traveller Hiuen-Tsiang wrote that the Chalukyan army had hundreds of elephants which were intoxicated with liquor prior to battle. It was with their navy that they conquered "Revatidvipa" (Goa), and Puri on east coast of India. Rashtrakuta inscriptions use the term "Karnatabala" when referring to the powerful Chalukya armies.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The government, at higher levels, was closely modelled after the Magadhan and Satavahana administrative machinery. The empire was divided into "Maharashtrakas" (provinces), then into smaller "Rashtrakas" ("Mandala"), "Vishaya" (district), "Bhoga" (group of 10 villages) which is similar to the "Dasagrama" unit used by the Kadambas. At the lower levels of administration, the Kadamba style prevailed fully. The Sanjan plates of Vikramaditya I even mentions a land unit called "Dasagrama". In addition to imperial provinces, there were autonomous regions ruled by feudatories such as the Alupas, the Gangas, the Banas and the Sendrakas. Local assemblies and guilds looked after local issues. Groups of "mahajanas" (learned brahmins) looked after "agraharas" (called "ghatika" or "place of higher learning") such as at Badami which was served by 2000 "mahajans" and Aihole which was served by 500 "mahajanas". Taxes were levied and were called the "herjunka" – tax on loads, the "kirukula" – tax on retail goods in transit, the "bilkode" – sales tax, the "pannaya" – betel tax, "siddaya" – land tax and the "vaddaravula" – tax levied to support royalty.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Badami Chalukyas minted coins that were of a different standard compared to the coins of the northern kingdoms. The coins had "Nagari" and Kannada legends. The coins of Mangalesha had the symbol of a temple on the obverse and a 'sceptre between lamps' or a temple on the reverse. Pulakeshin II's coins had a caparisoned lion facing right on the obverse and a temple on the reverse. The coins weighed 4 grams and were called, in old-Kannada, "hun" (or "honnu") and had fractions such as "fana" (or "fanam") and the "quarter fana" (the modern day Kannada equivalent being "hana" – which literally means "money"). A gold coin called "gadyana" is mentioned in a record at the Vijayeshwara Temple at Pattadakal, which later came to be known as "varaha" (their royal emblem).


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: Both Shaivism and Vaishnavism flourished during the Badami Chalukya period, though it seems the former was more popular. Famous temples were built in places such as Pattadakal, Aihole and Mahakuta, and priests ("archakas") were invited from northern India. Vedic sacrifices, religious vows ("vrata") and the giving of gifts ("dana") was important. The Badami kings were followers of Vedic Hinduism and dedicated temples to popular Hindu deities in Aihole. Sculptures of deities testify to the popularity of Hindu Gods such as Vishnu, Shiva, Kartikeya, Ganapathi, Shakti, Surya and "Sapta Matrikas" ("seven mothers"). The Badami kings also performed the Ashwamedha ("horse sacrifice"). The worship of Lajja Gauri, a fertility goddess is known. Jainism too was a prominent religion during this period. The kings of the dynasty were however secular and actively encouraged Jainism. One of the Badami Cave temples is dedicated to the Jain faith. Jain temples were also erected in the Aihole complex, the temple at Maguti being one such example. Ravikirti, the court poet of Pulakeshin II was a Jain. Queen Vinayavati consecrated a temple for the Trimurti ("Hindu trinity") at Badami. Sculptures of the Trimurti, Harihara (half Vishnu, half Shiva) and "Ardhanarishwara" (half Shiva, half woman) provide ample evidence of their tolerance. Buddhism was on a decline, having made its ingress into Southeast Asia. This is confirmed by the writings of Hiuen-Tsiang. Badami, Aihole, Kurtukoti and Puligere (modern Lakshmeshwar in the Gadag district) were primary places of learning.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Hindu caste system was present and devadasis were recognised by the government. Some kings had concubines ("ganikas") who were given much respect, and Sati was perhaps absent since widows like Vinayavathi and Vijayanka are mentioned in records. Devadasis were however present in temples. Sage Bharata's "Natyashastra", the precursor to Bharatanatyam, the classical dance of South India, was popular and is seen in many sculptures and is mentioned in inscriptions. Some women from the royal family enjoyed political power in administration. Queen Vijayanka was a noted Sanskrit poet, Kumkumadevi, the younger sister of Vijayaditya (and queen of Alupa King Chitravahana) made several grants and had a Jain basadi called Anesajjebasadi constructed at Puligere, and the queens of Vikramaditya II, Lokamahadevi and Trailokyamahadevi made grants and possibly consecrated the Lokesvara Temple (now called Virupaksha temple) but also and the Mallikarjuna temple respectively at Pattadakal.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: The Chalukya era may be seen as the beginning of the fusion of cultures of northern and southern India, making way for the transmission of ideas between the two regions. This is seen clearly in the field of architecture. The Chalukyas spawned the "Vesara" style of architecture which includes elements of the northern "nagara" and southern "dravida" styles. During this period, the expanding Sanskritic culture mingled with local Dravidian vernaculars which were already popular. Dravidian languages maintain these influences even today. This influence helped to enrich literature in these languages. The Hindu legal system owes much to the Sanskrit work "Mitakshara" by Vijnaneshwara in the court of Western Chalukya King Vikramaditya VI. Perhaps the greatest work in legal literature, "Mitakshara" is a commentary on "Yajnavalkya" and is a treatise on law based on earlier writings and has found acceptance in most parts of India. Englishman Henry Thomas Colebrooke later translated into English the section on inheritance, giving it currency in the British Indian court system. It was during the Western Chalukya rule that the Bhakti movement gained momentum in South India, in the form of Ramanujacharya and Basavanna, later spreading into northern India.


title: Chalukya dynasty

text: A celebration called "Chalukya utsava", a three-day festival of music and dance, organised by the Government of Karnataka, is held every year at Pattadakal, Badami and Aihole. The event is a celebration of the achievements of the Chalukyas in the realm of art, craft, music and dance. The program, which starts at Pattadakal and ends in Aihole, is inaugurated by the Chief Minister of Karnataka. Singers, dancers, poets and other artists from all over the country take part in this event. In the 2006 celebration, 400 art troupes took part in the festivities. Colorful cutouts of the "Varaha" the Chalukya emblem, "Satyashraya" Pulakeshin (Pulakeshin II), famous sculptural masterpieces such as Durga, Mahishasuramardhini (Durga killing demon Mahishasura) were present everywhere. The program at Pattadakal is named "Anivaritacharigund vedike" after the famous architect of the Virupaksha temple, Gundan Anivaritachari. At Badami it is called "Chalukya Vijayambika Vedike" and at Aihole, "Ravikirti Vedike" after the famous poet and minister (Ravikirti) in the court of Pulakeshin II. "Immadi Pulikeshi", a Kannada movie of the 1960s starring Dr. Rajkumar celebrates the life and times of the great king.


title: Julie Ann Emery

text: Julie Ann Emery (born January 16, 1975) is an American television and film actress. She is best known for her roles in the television series "Better Call Saul", "Preacher", and "Five Days at Memorial". She has appeared in films such as "Hitch" and "Gifted".


title: Julie Ann Emery

text: Emery was born and raised in Crossville, Tennessee, the daughter of computer analyst Janice (née Fields) and dairy farmer Gary Emery. She graduated from Cumberland County High School in 1990 in Crossville then studied acting at the Webster Conservatory at Webster University in St. Louis, Missouri.


title: Julie Ann Emery

text: Emery began her career at the age of 16 and has appeared in several stage productions, such as "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum" and "Bye Bye Birdie". She has appeared in films and television series such as "ER", "", "Taken", "Commander in Chief", "Line of Fire", "Hitch", and "Fargo". She played recurring character Betsy Kettleman in the first and sixth seasons of "Breaking Bad" spin-off "Better Call Saul". She reprised the role in a short film titled "No Picnic".


title: Julie Ann Emery

text: In 2017, Emery joined the main cast for the second season of the television series "Preacher", in the role of Sarah Featherstone.


title: Julie Ann Emery

text: Emery is married to actor Kevin Earley; they met while attending Webster Conservatory. They live in Los Angeles, California. Emery enjoys hydroponics.


title: Budai

text: Budai (; ; ; ) was a Chinese monk who is often identified with and venerated as Maitreya Buddha in Chan Buddhism. With the spread of Chan Buddhism, he also came to be venerated in Vietnam, Korea, and Japan. He is said to have lived around the 10th century CE in the Wuyue kingdom. His name literally means "cloth sack", and refers to the bag that he is conventionally depicted as carrying as he wanders aimlessly. His jolly nature, humorous personality, and eccentric lifestyle distinguish him from most Buddhist masters or figures. He is almost always shown smiling or laughing, hence his nickname in Chinese, the "Laughing Buddha". As he is traditionally depicted as overweight and many stories surrounding Bodai involve his love of food and drink, he is also referred to as the "Fat Buddha", especially in the Western world.


title: Budai

text: The main textual evidence pointing to Budai resides in a collection of Chan Buddhist monks' biographies known as "The Transmission of the Lamp".


title: Budai

text: Budai has origins centered around cult worship and local legend. He is traditionally depicted as a fat, bald monk wearing a simple robe. He carries his few possessions in a cloth sack, being poor but content. He would excitingly entertain the adoring children that followed him and was known for patting his large belly happily. His figure appears throughout Chinese culture as a representation of both contentment and abundance. Budai attracted the townspeople around him as he was able to predict people's fortunes and even weather patterns. The wandering monk was often inclined to sleep anywhere he came to, even outside, for his mystical powers could ward off the bitter colds of snow and his body was left unaffected. A recovered death note dated to 916 or 917 CE, which the monk himself wrote, claims that he is an incarnation of Maitreya, the Buddha of the Future. A body allegedly belonging to Budai was embalmed and displayed at the eastern section of the Great Hall at Yuelin Temple in Fenghua District, Zhejiang.


title: Budai

text: An account exists of the post mortem appearances of Budai, the Laughing Buddha, recorded in the Ching-te ch'uan-teng-lu (The Transmission of the Lamp), written between 1004 and 1007 CE by the monk Shi Daoyuan.


title: Budai

text: "In the third month of the third year of Cheng Ming (917 CE), the Master proclaimed his approaching parinirvana. At the Yueh-lin Temple, he took up his seat, cross legged, on a flat stone below the Eastern veranda, and spoke the following verse":


title: Budai

text: "Maitreya, the Veritable Maitreya, divides his body into ten thousand million parts. From time to time, appearing among men, he proclaims the Truth to the men of that era, but they naturally do not recognise him."


title: Budai

text: When he had finished reciting this verse, he quietly died. Afterwards, there were men in his neighbourhood who saw the Master, carrying his bag as before and walking. Because of this, the monks vied with one another in painting his likeness. Now in the Yueh-lin Temple, in the Eastern part of the Great Hall, is preserved his body (embalmed), and people in many places speak of his re-apparition as a proven fact."


title: Budai

text: Budai was one of several "uncommitted saints" that became incorporated into the Chan pantheon. Similar "eccentric" figures from the lamp histories were never officially inducted or appropriated into the Chan patriarchal line. Instead, these obscure figures represented the "special transmission" that occurred during the early to mid 12th century. This transmission did not rely on patriarchal lineage legitimacy but instead used the peculiar personalities and qualities of various folkloric figures to illustrate the Chan tradition's new commitment to the idea of "awakening" and the propagation of Chan to a larger congregation. The Chan Masters, Dahui Zonggao (1089–1163) and Hongzhi Zhengjue (1091–1157), were both leaders in the initial merging of local legend and Buddhist tradition. They hoped the induction of likable and odd figures would attract all types of people to the Chan tradition, no matter their gender, social background, or complete understanding of the dharma and patriarchal lineage. Bernard Faure summarizes this merging of local legend and Chan tradition by explaining, "One strategy in Chan for domesticating the occult was to transform thaumaturges into tricksters by playing down their occult powers and stressing their thus world aspect..." The movement allocated the figures as religious props and channeled their extraordinary charismas into the lens of the Chan pantheon in order to appeal to a larger population. Ultimately, Budai was revered from both a folkloric standpoint as a strange, wandering vagabond of the people as well as from his newfound personage within the context of the Chan tradition as a 'mendicant priest' who brought abundance, fortune, and joy to all he encountered with the help of his mystical "cloth sack" bag.


title: Budai

text: Budai is almost always depicted with his cloth sack that looks like a large bag. The bag serves as a prominent motif within the context of Chan Buddhism as it represents abundance, prosperity, and contentment. Ink paintings such as these attributed to Budai often had an inscription and seal that signaled to high-ranking officials. For example, "Budai and Jiang Mohe" was inscribed by Chusi Fanqi, who was closely related to Song Lian (1310–1381) and Wei Su (1295–1372).


title: Budai

text: After Chan Buddhism was transmitted to Japan around the 13th century as Zen Buddhism, the devout monastics and laymen of the area utilized figure painting to portray the characters central to this "awakening" period of Zen art. Many of the eccentric personalities that were inducted into the Zen tradition like Budai were previously wrapped up in the established culture and folklore of Japan. The assimilation and reapplication of these wondrous charismas to the Zen pantheon assisted in the expansion of the Zen tradition.


title: Budai

text: As the images demonstrate, Budai is most jubilant when in the presence of others, especially children. When depicted with other gods in the Seven Lucky Gods, Budai maintains a solemn or even depressed countenance. Budai's round figure comes into practical use through the sculpting of the incense box (18th century) that splits the monk's body into two halves. The newer images such as "Hotei and Children Carrying Lanterns" (19th century) employs much more color, dramatization of physical features, and detail than the older pieces such as "Hotei" from Mokuan Reien (1336) that employs much more wispy and heavily contrasting outlines of his figure with no color or assumed setting.


title: Budai

text: Japanese iconography, like that of Zen master Hakuin Ekaku, shows Budai in a multiplicity of representative actions, like entertaining passerbies, sheltering children under an umbrella and meditating using his sack as a cushion. In an especially known motif, Budai appears smoking in a kiseru and exhaling Otafuku, an ugly but charming prostitute that embodies Zen happiness, in a humorous reflection of the tradition according to which Shandao exhaled Amida, Kannon and Seishi with a prayer. The smooth lumpfish is known in Japan as "hotei-uo" ("Budai fish") due to its rotund appearance.


title: Budai

text: In the Western world, Budai is often mistaken for Gautama Buddha himself, and thus is nicknamed the "Fat Buddha".


title: Budai

text: Angida was one of the original Eighteen Arhats. According to legend, Angida was a talented Indian snake catcher whose aim was to catch venomous snakes to prevent them from biting passers-by. Angida would also remove the snake's venomous fangs and release them. Due to his kindness, he was able to attain bodhi.


title: Budai

text: In Thailand, Budai is sometimes confused with the arhat Kaccāna, known in Thailand as "Phra Sangkajai" or "Phra Sangkachai". Buddha praised Phra Sangkajai for his excellence in explaining sophisticated concepts of the dhamma in an easily and correctly understandable manner. Phra Sangkajai is also known for composing the "Madhupindika Sutta".


title: Budai

text: One story from Thai folklore relates that Phra Sangkajai was so handsome that even a man once wanted him for a wife. To avoid a similar situation, Phra Sangkajai decided to transform himself into a fat monk. Another tale says he was so attractive that angels and men often compared him with the Buddha. He considered this inappropriate, so disguised himself in an unpleasantly fat body.


title: Budai

text: Although both Budai and Phra Sangkajai may be found in both Thai and Chinese temples, Phra Sangkajai is found more often in Thai temples, and Budai in Chinese temples. Two points to distinguish them from one another are:


title: Budai

text: In Mongolia, Budai is called Enkh Amaglan Khan, which is identical to the Mongolian name for the Kangxi Emperor. Because of this, Budai is often mistaken for the Kangxi Emperor.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: Honey Boy is a 2019 American drama film directed by Alma Har'el (in her narrative feature directorial debut) with a screenplay by Shia LaBeouf, loosely based on his childhood and his relationship with his father. The film stars LaBeouf, Lucas Hedges, Noah Jupe and FKA twigs.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: LaBeouf originally wrote the script as a form of therapy while in rehab. The project was announced in March 2018, and the cast was filled out over the next two months. Filming took place in Los Angeles over the course of about three weeks.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: "Honey Boy" had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 25, 2019 and was released on November 8, 2019, by Amazon Studios. The film received positive reviews from critics, who praised Har'el's direction as well as the performances of LaBeouf, Hedges and Jupe.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: In 2005, Otis Lort is a movie star who suffers from alcoholism. He crashes his car and gets into a drunken altercation with the police and is forced to go into rehabilitation.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: Dr. Moreno, Otis' counselor, tells him that if he leaves the facility before they say he is ready, the court will send him to prison for his violent offenses. Moreno tells Otis that he has PTSD, which he denies repeatedly, but she encourages him to look into his past through exposure therapy.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: Going back a decade earlier to 1995, Otis remembers working as a child actor, often accompanied on set by his father James, a former rodeo clown. James is four years sober but clearly on edge, manic and aggressive. The two live in a meager motel complex where a shy young woman lives across from them. Otis is in the Big Brother program at the behest of his mother, despite James's jealousy. Otis wants to go to a baseball game with Tom from the program, and James agrees if Tom comes over for a barbecue.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: In 2005, Otis is shown communicating with his roommate Percy and continues therapy. He resists the process, finding it unhelpful. Returning to his memories, Otis remembers Tom coming over for the barbecue along with James throwing him into the pool and violently threatening him. When he is offered a part in a movie that will be shot in Canada, Otis calls his mother, who is unsure if James can accompany him because of his status as a registered sex offender. This causes James to begin screaming at her via Otis, who has to relay both of his parents' arguments back to each other.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: In the present, after resisting therapy yet again, Otis' counselor Alec advises him to go into the woods and scream as loud as he can. James is then shown attending an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting, where he talks about his abusive stepmother, how he got into substance abuse, and while blacked out attempted to rape a woman which got him registered as a sex offender. Alone in his room, Otis spends time with the Shy Girl where the two cuddle and he gives her money.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: James forces Otis with the rehearsal of his scenes over and over again, and he stops to scream at the neighbors for being too loud. Otis asks him to stop and tells him that no one else would hire him due to his status as a sex offender, and that Otis is actually in charge since James is making money off of him. In 2005, Otis thanks Alec for the advice, and continues to work with Dr. Moreno on controlling his anger.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: In 1995, Otis finally confronts James and tells him he needs to start being a better father. A furious James hits him, then leaves on his motorcycle to acquire drugs at a strip club. Alone, Otis spends time with the Shy Girl, and the two are caught waking up together the next morning by James. The Shy Girl slaps James and leaves, and James asks Otis how he thinks it would feel to be criticized by his own son, and to have to resort to accepting payment from him. Otis tells James that if he did not receive money, James would not be present.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: James takes Otis to a patch of marijuana plants he has been growing off the highway and smokes cannabis with him. Back in the present, Otis revisits the motel, and imagines himself finding his father there in his rodeo clown costume. He tells his father he intends to make a movie about him; James asks him to make him look good. The two ride away on James's motorcycle, which fades into Otis riding away alone.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: Shia LaBeouf based the script on his own life, with his character being based on his own father, and the title comes from his childhood nickname. LaBeouf wrote the script as a part of his rehabilitation program.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: In March 2018, it was announced that Lucas Hedges and LaBeouf had joined the cast of the film, with Alma Har'el directing from a screenplay written by LaBeouf himself. Brian Kavanaugh-Jones, Daniela Taplin Lundberg, Christopher Leggett would produce the film under their Automatik, Stay Gold Features and Delirio Films banners, respectively. Fred Berger would serve as an executive producer. LaBeouf had shared the screenplay with Har'el, a friend and creative collaborator, who decided that she wanted to direct it. In April 2018, Noah Jupe joined the cast of the film. In May 2018, Clifton Collins Jr., Maika Monroe, Natasha Lyonne, Martin Starr, Byron Bowers and Laura San Giacomo joined the cast of the film. In June 2018, it was announced that FKA twigs had joined the cast of the film.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: In August 2022, LaBeouf revealed that he fabricated a lot for the film, specifically how his father was abusive toward him, when he actually was "...so loving to me my whole life. Fractured, sure. Crooked, sure. Wonky, for sure. But never was not loving, never was not there. He was always there... and I'd done a world press tour about how fucked he was as a man."


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 25, 2019. Shortly after, Amazon Studios acquired distribution rights to the film and eventually released it on November 8, 2019.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: "Honey Boy" grossed $3 million in the United States and Canada, and $258,087 in other territories, for a worldwide total of $3.3 million, against a production budget of $3.5 million. The film made $301,075 from four theaters in its opening weekend, considered a "strong" start. It expanded to 17 theaters the following weekend, making $203,272.


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of based on reviews, and an average rating of . The website's critical consensus reads, ""Honey Boy" serves as an act of cinematic therapy for its screenwriter and subject – one whose unique perspective should strike a chord in audiences from all backgrounds." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 73 out of 100, based on 41 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews."


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: A. A. Dowd of "The A.V. Club" wrote, "[A]s a glorified form of drama therapy, "Honey Boy" is fascinating".


title: Honey Boy (film)

text: Lindsey Bahr of "Associated Press" included "Honey Boy" in her list of the top 10 motion pictures of 2019; Bahr placed the film in the seventh position.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Sarah-Jane Duncanson "Trinny" Woodall (born 8 February 1964) is an English fashion and makeover expert, television presenter and author. In 1994, after ten years working in marketing, Woodall met Susannah Constantine, whom she teamed up with to write a weekly fashion column for "The Daily Telegraph". This led to the launch of their own internet fashion-advice business and the release of their first fashion-advice book.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: They were commissioned by the BBC to host "What Not to Wear" in 2001. The following year Woodall and Constantine released their second book, "What Not to Wear", which gained them a British Book Award and sold over 670,000 copies. The pair co-wrote 11 fashion advice books, several of which became best-sellers in the United Kingdom and the United States, and have now sold over 3 million copies worldwide. In 2003 they launched their shapewear range "Trinny & Susannah's Original Magic Knickers", which are sold in 30 countries around the world.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: After co-hosting "What Not to Wear" for five series and appearing on "The Oprah Winfrey Show" as style and makeover advisors, Woodall and Constantine moved to ITV to host "Trinny & Susannah Undress..." in 2006, and "Undress the Nation". After becoming the faces of Littlewoods Direct, they released their own Littlewoods clothing range along with their 5th fashion advice book, "The Body Shape Bible", in 2007. In 2009, they launched their International Makeover Mission series.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall is the youngest of six children, including three half-siblings from her father's first marriage. Her father was a banker, while her maternal grandfather was Sir John Duncanson, controller of the British steel industry in the last two years of the war, who went on to become managing director of the British Iron and Steel Federation (BISF) in August 1945 and then managing director of Lithgows in 1949.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: When Woodall was five years old, she was sent home from school after cutting off another pupil's plait. A family friend, Ronald Searle, who created the St Trinian cartoons that inspired the later films, likened her to a mischievous St Trinian girl, and the name Trinny stuck from then onwards. Woodall was educated at boarding schools from the age of six, which included Queen's Gate School in Queen's Gate, South Kensington, London. She also attended Baston School for Girls. She has described one of the boarding schools as "cruel" and "sadistic". She has connected a fear of being naked with the time she was made to stand totally unclothed in front of the other pupils as a punishment for having a water fight. Woodall also attended boarding schools in France and Germany between the ages of twelve and fifteen. During her school years, she felt overshadowed by her older sister who was the "star of the school", which prompted pupils to use Woodall to get to her sister.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall and Susannah Constantine first collaborated in 1996 on "Ready to Wear", a weekly style guide for "The Daily Telegraph" which ran for seven years. The style guide highlighted affordable high-street fashion, with the pair using themselves to demonstrate clothing that suited different figures. Woodall assumed the role of stylist and made the duo's business decisions.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall's first chance to work on television came about when Granada Sky Broadcasting signed her and Constantine to host a daytime shopping show, also called "Ready to Wear". Soon after their television debut, they were given a recurring makeover slot on "Richard & Judy". This gained them crucial exposure and attention from Jane Root, controller of BBC Two, who signed them to the channel encouraged by their tenacity and their book and internet business.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall came to prominence as co-host and fashion advisor for five series of the BBC television series "What Not to Wear". She and Constantine worked on the show from 2001 to 2005, combining their knowledge of fashion to improve the dress sense of the candidates selected for the show. "What Not to Wear" made Woodall a household name, and she and Constantine became jointly known as Trinny and Susannah. They became infamous for their straight-talking advice. "The New York Times" wrote "Trinny Woodall, one of the upper-crusty and scathingly blunt hosts of "What Not to Wear", a hugely popular fashion makeover show on the BBC, does not mince words." Woodall has been spoofed on many comedy-themed television shows, including "Big Impression", on which impressionist Alistair McGowan took to spoofing her presenting techniques on "What Not to Wear".


title: Trinny Woodall

text: In 2002, Woodall and Constantine won a Royal Television Society Award for their work on "What Not to Wear", in the category of best factual presenter. The show itself was nominated for the Features Award at the BAFTAS in both 2002 and 2003. The pair have given makeovers to various celebrities in "What Not to Wear" specials, including Jeremy Clarkson in 2002, who later commented "I'd rather eat my own hair than shop with these two again". After success with viewing figures on BBC Two, the show was promoted to the more mainstream BBC One in 2004. The show has also been broadcast internationally in over 20 countries.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: With "What Not to Wear" proving popular on BBC America, Woodall worked frequently as a makeover and fashion expert on "The Oprah Winfrey Show" with Constantine, where they gave fashion advice and tips on how to improve overall appearance, often using themselves to illustrate the guidelines. They appeared on NBC's "The Today Show" in 2006, and returned to America in late 2007 appearing on "Good Morning America" to perform makeovers on different shaped women. They also reported for "Good Morning America" on the fashion at the 80th Academy Awards' red carpet event in February 2008. In 2009 they went on to make a series in the US for TLC called "Making over America".


title: Trinny Woodall

text: After "What Not to Wear", Woodall and Constantine transferred from the BBC to ITV for a deal worth £1.2 million. Woodall and Constantine began their new television show, "Trinny & Susannah Undress...", in 2006. The first two series saw them helping couples who were experiencing difficulties in their marriages, by giving advice and a fashion makeover to increase confidence. In 2007, the third series on ITV took a different format, tackling the main fashion issues present in Britain, under the new name of "Trinny & Susannah Undress The Nation".


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall and Constantine have revealed that they have dressed in excess of 5,000 women over the course of their career. They have adopted the attitude that dressing to complement body shape is important, on which subject Woodall has commented "If you want to make the best of yourself you don't necessarily need to diet – you need to wear the right stuff."


title: Trinny Woodall

text: During the BBC's 2002 "Children in Need" appeal, Woodall and Constantine sang their own version of Madonna's "Vogue" in front of celebrity backing singers. Children in Need 2004 saw them giving "EastEnders" characters Little Mo and Mo Harris a makeover à la "What Not to Wear". Also in 2005, Woodall voiced a robot version of herself in the well-known science fiction series "Doctor Who", in episode "Bad Wolf".


title: Trinny Woodall

text: In 2007, Woodall appeared on "Comic Relief Does The Apprentice" in order to raise money for Comic Relief. The show required celebrities to sell tickets to a fun fair they had organised, with Woodall selling a ticket to a friend for £150,000. "The Times" wrote "Trinny Woodall is a prime-time star, but is proper posh with mighty connections, as demonstrated by the six-figure sums she blagged from richer friends on "Comic Relief does the Apprentice"."


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall and Constantine have appeared on "Parkinson" three times together. Their first appearance in 2003 coincided with the host's now infamous interview with Meg Ryan. Parkinson said that he felt Ryan's behaviour towards his fellow guests, Woodall and Constantine – whom Ryan turned her back on – was "unforgivable". Woodall has made appearances on numerous other chat shows and on "Star in a Reasonably-Priced Car", a recurring segment on the BBC Two motoring programme "Top Gear".


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall and Constantine have co-written numerous fashion advice books, which have sold over 3 million copies worldwide. Their style advice books have proceeded to become number one bestsellers in Britain and the United States, have been translated throughout the world, and have placed them number one on both "The Sunday Times" best-seller list and "The New York Times" best-seller list.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Their first major book, "What Not to Wear", was published in 2002. It gained them a British Book Award in 2003 for The TV & Film Book of the Year. The book outsold popular television chefs Jamie Oliver and Nigella Lawson when sale figures reached a total of 670,000 copies, selling 300,000 copies in just fifteen weeks. It was also selling 45,000 copies a week at one point, and had sold 250,000 copies before the peak book selling season had even begun. "What Not to Wear" made sales worth £8.7 million which led to a £2 million book deal to produce more of their fashion books.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: In 2006, Woodall and Constantine launched their own underwear range "Trinny and Susannah Magic Pants" which are made from nylon to flatten the tummy, buttocks and thighs, in order to make the areas appear slimmer. The fashion duo launched their own clothing range exclusively for Littlewoods Direct on 20 September 2007.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Their ninth book, "The Body Shape Bible", was published in 2007. Prior to writing "The Body Shape Bible", Woodall and Constantine conducted a survey on women that helped them to identify the twelve most common body shapes. The book aims to help women decide which their body shape, or "work out whether you're 'cornet', 'apple', 'skittle' or 'goblet', according to Barbara Ellen, and advises on fashion accordingly.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: In 2012 Woodall and Constantine launched a range of Bodyshape Clothing for QVC UK. In 2017, Woodall launched the digital-first global beauty brand Trinny London.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: Woodall married musician and company director Johnny Elichaoff in 1999, at the church her family attended, St Columba's, situated in Pont Street, Knightsbridge. The church was the venue for her parents' wedding and Woodall's christening, and her Scottish grandfather is buried there. The couple announced their separation and intention to divorce in 2008. Elichaoff died in 2014.


title: Trinny Woodall

text: She stood as a trustee of a British charity helping those with alcohol and substance abuse issues (at the time called The Chemical Dependency Centre and later renamed Action on Addiction in 2007). Woodall has spoken openly about her own substance abuse problems, including addictions to cocaine and alcohol. She continued using for five years before making the final decision to quit.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: Dylan Thomas Sprouse and Cole Mitchell Sprouse (born August 4, 1992) are American actors. They are twins and are sometimes referred to as the Sprouse brothers or Sprouse Bros. Their first major theatrical film role was in the 1999 comedy "Big Daddy", in which they co-starred with Adam Sandler. They later appeared in several television sitcoms and starred in the television film "I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus" and straight-to-DVD "Just for Kicks".


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: From 2005 until 2008, they starred in the Disney Channel sitcom "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody". As a result of the series' success, the media has termed them "heartthrobs" and "overwhelming draws" among preteen and teen audiences. The following year, the brothers launched a franchise known as the Sprouse Bros brand, which included a clothing line, book series and magazine. The majority of the Sprouses' franchise ended in 2008, except for their clothing line. "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody" was retooled in 2008 as "The Suite Life on Deck", in which the brothers reprised their roles as Zack and Cody. "The Suite Life on Deck" went on to become the most-watched children's television show in 2008 and 2009. The show ended in May 2011. They also starred in "The Suite Life Movie", which aired in March of the same year. They began cultivating an adult image by starring in the independent theatrical suspense film "The Kings of Appletown" in 2009.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: Dylan and Cole were two of the wealthiest children alive in 2007, and in 2010, the Sprouse brothers were the highest-paid Disney television child actors, earning $40,000 per episode combined. MSN reported by the end of the 2000s that the twin brothers became the richest young twins in the world. In 2010, the brothers were accepted to New York University. They deferred admission for one year, and attended the university from 2011 to 2015. Both Cole and Dylan confirmed they wish to pursue acting post-university.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: As of 2018, Cole appears as Jughead Jones on the television series "Riverdale", and Dylan is a co-owner and brewmaster of the All-Wise Meadery in Williamsburg, Brooklyn.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: The Sprouses were born at Clinica Tanganelli, a small hospital in Arezzo, Italy, to American parents Matthew Sprouse and Melanie Wright, while they were teaching at an English language school in Tuscany. Dylan was named after Welsh poet Dylan Thomas, and Cole is named after jazz singer and pianist Nat King Cole. Dylan is 15 minutes older than Cole. They have German ancestry. The boys moved back to the United States four months after their birth to their parents' native Long Beach, California. Some of the money Dylan and Cole earned by acting was used to buy a house in Calabasas, California, where their family still lived .


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: The brothers began acting at the age of eight months following a suggestion from their grandmother, Jonine Booth Wright, who was a drama teacher and actress. They first appeared in a commercial for diapers, switching on-screen time every few seconds. As with many twins, the two have often played the same role, due to child labor laws in California restricting the amount of time children can be filmed in a day. Casting twins in a single role thus allows more time for the character to be filmed. Beginning at eight months old, the two played a single character, Patrick Kelly, on the ABC series "Grace Under Fire".


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: In 1999, the boys appeared in their first major feature film, "Big Daddy", in which they shared the role of a five-year-old boy named Julian who is adopted by Adam Sandler's character, Sonny Koufax. Though the film received mixed reviews, the two were nominated for multiple awards for their role in the film. However, they did not win any. The same year, the boys also had a minor role in the thriller "The Astronaut's Wife". The Sprouses have noted that after "Big Daddy"'s release, they entered a slow period in their careers and were not cast in any major roles for a time. During the early 2000s, the twins appeared in episodes of "The Nightmare Room" and "That '70s Show", as well as in "Mad TV" and portrayed roles in the feature films "The Master of Disguise" and "Adam Sandler's Eight Crazy Nights". Cole began appearing in episodes of the television show "Friends" as Ross Geller's son Ben in 2001; this role was not shared with Dylan.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: They both appeared in "I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus" and "Just for Kicks", both of which were family films that received a direct-to-video release. David Nusair of "Reel Film Reviews" said of their acting in "Just for Kicks" that the brothers "aren't the worst child actors I've ever seen... but they certainly leave a lot to be desired." Dylan and Cole were later cast in the Disney Channel original series "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody", where they portrayed identical twins Zack and Cody Martin, respectively. The series, which debuted in March 2005, became a ratings success. As part of their involvement with Disney, the brothers also became part of the 11-member group, the Disney Channel Circle of Stars, and sang the song "A Dream is a Wish Your Heart Makes" along with the members of the group, for a video that was released as bonus material in the special edition version of the Disney film "Cinderella". They also participated in the Disney Channel Games.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: The Sprouses played one character, Jeremiah, in the independent film "The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things". The film was produced in 2004 but not given a theatrical release until March 2006, when it played at three theatres in the United States, ultimately grossing $29,000 domestically. Harvey Karten praised their acting, stating that "acting is superlative all around", and Tamara Straus of the "San Francisco Chronicle" called them "the movie's only saving grace". In 2007, the two filmed "". Carrie R. Wheadon of Common Sense Media said the film was a "slow story for Zack and Cody fans only". The Sprouse brothers both had voice roles in the animated film "Holidaze: The Christmas That Almost Didn't Happen" alongside Brenda Song and Emily Osment. Dylan played the voice of Shasta in Disney's "Snow Buddies". The brothers both starred in the theatrical film "The Kings of Appletown", which is based on the book "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer". The film was directed by Bobby Moresco and written by Amanda Moresco. Shot in New Braunfels, Texas, the film was originally estimated to be released in the winter of 2008. "Kings of Appletown" had a limited theatrical release on December 12, 2009, and was officially released at the Newport Beach Film Festival in April 2010.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: They appeared on the cover of the May 2009 issue "People Magazine", in an eighty-page special edition issue devoted to "The Suite Life on Deck". The twin brothers began filming another Modern Twain Story film in the summer of 2009. The film was tentatively titled "Sivilized" and was a modern version of "Huckleberry Finn". However, in mid-2010, Dylan stated that they would not be doing the film, in part because they "outgrew" the film. They became the new face of the children's yogurt, Danimals, in 2009; their endorsement deal was renewed in 2010. The twin brothers signed an endorsement deal with Nintendo DS in August 2010.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: , Dylan and Cole were not in any acting projects and were focusing instead on college as well as art and photography, respectively. However, Dylan has stated that they would both like to continue acting while in college. Dylan and Cole are represented by William Morris Endeavor .


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: In February 2016, Cole was cast as Jughead Jones in The CW's drama series "Riverdale", based on "Archie".


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: In 2005, the Sprouse brothers signed a licensing agreement with Dualstar Entertainment to produce Sprouse Bros branded merchandise for the preadolescent market, the Sprouse Bros brand included a clothing line, comics series and a magazine, as well as personal hygiene line and a line of sportswear. Dylan said of the brand that they wanted to "reach out to the nerd group and the cool group" and "appeal to everybody". A magazine targeting boys was launched by Dualstar and Leisure Publishing LLC in 2006 called "Sprouse Bros. Code". Simon & Schuster Inc. published two volumes of a book series titled "Sprouse Bros. 47 R.O.N.I.N.", which was described as featuring the Sprouse twins as "young James Bonds or undercover agents"; the book series continued. In 2008, the brothers ended their association with the Olsens' Dualstar, but they continued to sell their clothing line. The items in their clothing lines were sold exclusively online , when the online store could no longer be accessed.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: Dylan Sprouse has stated that the experience of coming to fame after the success of "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody" is "kind of scary, how fast everything is moving" and that a year prior "none of this was happening, it was just doing "Suite Life"", and that he was excited for the future. While filming "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody", the both of them received on-set tutoring for three hours each day for school, and said they were getting "straight A's and honors". In their last year of high school, the brothers both took Advanced Placement classes. Dylan took AP Psychology and AP Spanish, and Cole took AP Psychology and AP Government.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: The twins' family has three dogs: Bubba, which belongs to Dylan and Cole; Pinky, who is their father's; and Curry, their stepmother's. Their favorite actor and co-star is Adam Sandler. Dylan has said that Adam is "a role model in acting" and that they learned a lot about comedy from him. In mid-2010, Dylan launched a site for his art called Sprouse Arts, and in mid-2011, Cole launched a site for his photography called Cole Sprouse Photography.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: In 2010, the brothers were both accepted to New York University. They had initial plans to attend the university in the fall of 2010; however, they deferred for one year. Dylan initially planned on majoring in fine/studio arts and minoring in economics while Cole planned on majoring in film and television production and minoring in drama. Instead, they both enrolled in the Gallatin School of Individualized Study, which allows students to plan their own curriculum. Cole focused his curriculum on the humanities and archaeology while Dylan focused on video game design. In 2011, Dylan was elected president of the Third Avenue North residence hall at New York University. Both brothers graduated in May 2015; they told "Entertainment" magazine that they had walked away with each other's diplomas at the graduation ceremony.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: In 2012, Dylan and Cole were officially appointed as the International Ambassadors of the Koyamada International Foundation. They traveled to Japan with Shin Koyamada to empower the youth of Japan to better themselves and rebuild Japan as a society as well as to deepen the friendly relations and brotherhood between the youth of Japan and America in August 2013.


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: As of 2013, Dylan was working as a host at a New York City restaurant, which he explained was a result of his desire to try a new experience, as he said, "working somewhat below the means I'm used to, as well as a way to socialize and get out of the house."


title: Dylan and Cole Sprouse

text: In early 2017, Dylan announced that with two partners he was preparing to open All-Wise Meadery in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York; he is the brewmaster. He disclosed that he has been a Heathen since he was 15.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: Kevin Mark DuBrow (October 29, 1955 – November 19, 2007) was an American singer, best known as the lead vocalist of the heavy metal band Quiet Riot from 1975 until 1987, and again from 1993 until his death in 2007.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: Kevin DuBrow was born to Laura and Alvin Dubrow. He was raised in Los Angeles with his younger brother, Terry, who went on to become a plastic surgeon and TV personality. At age 13, Kevin and his family eventually settled in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Van Nuys. DuBrow was raised Jewish and had the nickname "Butch" growing up.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: DuBrow learned to play 12-string guitar, and his first band consisted of 11-year-olds who played only one gig, to an audience of senior citizens who were not particularly fond of rock music. By the time he was in his mid-teens, he had developed an appreciation for a number of British rock acts including the Small Faces, Queen, Spooky Tooth, Rod Stewart and Humble Pie. Singer Steve Marriott would leave the biggest impact on DuBrow and act as a compass in his musical career.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: DuBrow enjoyed a hobby of photography in his teenage years, often taking photos at rock 'n roll concerts from 1969 to 1975. He became proficient enough as a photographer that he was soon selling his photos to rock magazines for publication, including "Rock" and "Guitar Player" magazine. Among the acts he photographed were Jeff Beck, Robin Trower, and Mott the Hoople.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: Through his photography work, he became friends with producer Ron Sobol, and the two traded photographs that they shot at concerts. Not long after Dubrow photographed Rod Stewart at a concert in 1970, he said he realized he wanted to be on the other side of the lens. He once commented: "shooting concerts is what made me become a singer. I saw Rod Stewart in '70. I was taking pictures, and I thought, 'Wow, I want to be up there! I don't wanna be behind the camera."


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: Quiet Riot was formed by Randy Rhoads and bassist Kelly Garni (who would later be replaced by Rudy Sarzo) in 1975, who recruited DuBrow and drummer Drew Forsyth. This lineup disbanded in 1979 when Rhoads went on to join Ozzy Osbourne's band, with Rhoads personally enlisting Greg Leon as his replacement. For a time the band's name was changed to "DuBrow", which had a rotating lineup of members including Leon, Chuck Wright, Frankie Banali, with brothers Tony and Carlos Cavazo.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: After the death of Rhoads in a plane crash in 1982, while on tour with Osbourne, DuBrow changed the name of the band back to Quiet Riot. Rudy Sarzo, who had also joined Ozzy Osbourne, left Osbourne's band and rejoined Quiet Riot shortly before the release of "Metal Health", which went to the top of the charts, making Quiet Riot the first metal band to achieve number one status on their (U.S. release) debut album. Their singles included "Cum on Feel the Noize" (originally written and recorded by English band Slade in 1973), and "Metal Health (Bang Your Head)".


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: In February 1987, DuBrow was fired from Quiet Riot. “It wasn’t the band that wanted him out,” said drummer Frankie Banali in 2013. “It was management and the label. But it took the band to make the change.” However, DuBrow had a habit of publicly bad-mouthing other bands, which alienated a lot of musicians and fans, and also caused problems for Quiet Riot members (bassist Rudy Sarzo was famously punched in the face by Ozzy Osbourne after DuBrow publicly insulted the English singer). Another factor cited in the decision to fire DuBrow was his excessive drinking and drug use. “We all indulged," said Banali, "but Kevin could be told nothing by no one, and his lifestyle choices had made it impossible for us to continue with him.”


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: Shortly after his firing from Quiet Riot, DuBrow signed with Kim Richards for personal management. With Richards' help, DuBrow formed and began recording with a new band named Little Women. Richards, who was at that time working on the soundtrack for the Blake Edwards film "Switch", arranged for the DuBrow-penned "Slam Dunk" to be included on the movie's soundtrack.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: In 1991, DuBrow regrouped with his former Quiet Riot bandmate Carlos Cavazo alongside Kenny Hillery and Pat Ashby in a new band called Heat, (Quiet Riot had continued on in 1987 with new singer Paul Shortino of Rough Cutt but by this time had disbanded). In June 1991, Heat renamed themselves Quiet Riot. Quiet Riot continued through the 90s in several different incarnations, including a full reunion with the "Metal Health"-era line-up. They released the albums "Terrified" (1993), "Down to the Bone" (1995), "Alive and Well" (1999) and "Guilty Pleasures" (2001).


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: During 2006, Quiet Riot worked on a new studio album that was expected to be released in either 2006 or 2007. The band stated that they had set no timetable for the release of the album, that they were financing the project themselves, and that it would be released when they saw fit and on their terms. The album, "Rehab", was released on October 3, 2006. The lineup on the album was DuBrow, Banali, Tony Franklin, and Neil Citron. Singer Glenn Hughes also made a guest vocal appearance on the album.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: In 2004, after Quiet Riot's 2003 breakup, DuBrow recorded a collection of cover versions for his first solo album, "In for the Kill". The album was recorded in DuBrow's home in Las Vegas, Nevada.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: DuBrow also worked as a morning DJ for the Rock Station in Las Vegas, KOMP 92.3 on the morning show alongside longstanding host Craig Williams. Talk of show syndication had been heavily rumored but DuBrow departed the show to pursue touring with Quiet Riot.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: On November 25, 2007, Kevin DuBrow was found dead at his home in Las Vegas. Friends had been unable to contact DuBrow for a week and he failed to show up for Thanksgiving dinner hosted by his friend Glenn Hughes. According to Hughes, DuBrow had told him some ten days before that he had wanted to make changes in his lifestyle. The cause of death was established to be a fatal overdose by a combination of cocaine, painkillers and alcohol. It was also determined that he had died six days earlier.


title: Kevin DuBrow

text: In an email to Spain's The Metal Circus, Quiet Riot drummer Frankie Banali wrote: "I can't even find the words to say. Please respect my privacy as I mourn the passing and honor the memory of my dearest friend Kevin DuBrow." DuBrow was buried at Pacific View Cemetery in Corona del Mar, California next to his stepfather Harold Mandell. A rabbi presided over his funeral service on November 30, 2007.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Yaser Abdel Said (; born January 27, 1957) is an Egyptian-American former taxi driver and convicted murderer. For 12 years, Said evaded arrest for the January 1, 2008, fatal shootings of his two daughters, Amina (18) and Sarah (17). Their bodies were found in his abandoned taxi cab in Irving, Texas, on the property of the Omni Mandalay Hotel (now the Omni Las Colinas Hotel).


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Said disappeared after the killings. He also remained a fugitive from law enforcement for 12 years, with six of those years being on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives List for the fatal shootings.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Said, who was very controlling over his family, felt that his daughters Amina and Sarah dishonored the family. On January 1, 2008, he lured them into his taxi cab on the pretense of taking them out to eat, where instead, he fatally shot them.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Said was captured on August 26, 2020 in the town of Justin, Texas. His son, Islam, and Said's brother, Yassein, were both arrested in Euless, Texas, for aiding a fugitive. Said was taken into federal custody by the FBI, and was then transferred to Dallas County where he was held until his trial, which commenced in August 2022. Said was found guilty on August 9, after a week-long trial.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Said was born in Sinai, Egypt. He came to the U.S. on a student visa in 1983. Said married Patricia "Tissie" Owens in February 1987 when he was 30 and she was 15. Patricia later alleged that Said abused her during their marriage. Amina was born in 1989, and Sarah was born in 1990. The couple also had a son named Islam Said, born in 1988, and Said also had a previous daughter, born in 1987, with another woman. Said later became a permanent resident, eventually gaining citizenship in 1997.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: According to reports, the girls had stated that their father physically and sexually abused them. Amina told authorities she had been penetrated at least once.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Said would often spy on his daughters by video or audio-taping them without their knowledge. Amina stated she was afraid of using the public telephone "because he [Said] gets in everywhere, he knows everything". She also wrote in emails that her father intended to kill her. When she was 16, Said took Amina to Egypt allegedly to arrange a marriage for her to a much older friend of his, but Amina rejected the marriage.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Sarah got an after-school job working in a convenience store. Said began video-taping her at work and punished her for smiling too much at the customers.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Amina began dating a boy named Joseph Moreno, whom she met while taking Taekwondo classes. When Said was out of the country, she felt anxious about meeting Moreno, imagining that Said would be watching her with binoculars. Amina told Moreno not to call or text her if she sent a code word to him because she was afraid that her father would go through her phone. Eventually, Said found a note that she had written to Moreno. Amina told him that these notes were to an imaginary boyfriend. Said, not trusting Amina, continued his search in order to uncover Amina's relationship.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Said moved his family to a new house in Lewisville, Texas, prompting Amina to make plans to run away with Moreno, get married in Las Vegas, and start a new life. Moreno then dropped out of high school in order to earn money, so that he could save up enough money in order to help her leave. Moreno also stated: "[Said] regularly threatened to kill Amina, and she knew he meant it." Amina was worried that Moreno would be killed by her father, and she refused to give her father his name while she was beaten, following Said's persistent accusations.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: After Christmas in 2007, Amina and Sarah ran away with their mother Patricia to Tulsa, Oklahoma, where Amina's boyfriend had relatives. Patricia allegedly told her daughters that December 31 was her mother's death anniversary and that she wanted to drive to East Texas to put flowers on her grave. However, Yaser, after having inundated Patricia with phone calls (from himself and other relatives) that were initially unsuccessful, eventually convinced her to return home with the girls. When Patricia communicated this change of plans to her daughters, Sarah reluctantly agreed to return, while Amina refused, ultimately seeking refuge in her friend's house. Patricia drove to the friend's house and pounded on the door, starting an argument with Amina to try to convince her to return to Said. Amina still refused to go. Patricia insisted and stood unmoved in the doorway, saying that her father had forgiven her and would like the girls to return home.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: On January 1, 2008, Yaser Said took Amina and Sarah to his taxi cab, kissed them, and told them he was taking them out to eat. Patricia initially wanted to come along, but Said told her that he wanted to talk to the girls himself. He drove them both to Irving, where he shot both girls to death in the taxi cab. Amina, who was shot twice, died instantly, while Sarah, who sustained nine shots, managed to call 911 before she died, screaming "Help, my dad shot me! I'm dying, I'm dying!"


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: Said's taxi was soon discovered by another cab driver outside the service entrance of the Omni Mandalay Hotel (now the Omni Las Colinas Hotel).


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: After the murders, Said disappeared and although it was first assumed he fled to Egypt, no such record was ever found. Owens filed for divorce in 2009. Alleged sightings of Said driving a taxi in New York City and in Newark, New Jersey, prompted the FBI to issue a statement suggesting he could be in the area. On December 4, 2014, Said was added to the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives with a $100,000 reward for any information leading to his arrest. Said evaded capture by law enforcement for 12 years and spent six years on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted list.


title: Yaser Abdel Said

text: A break in the case came on August 14, 2017, when a maintenance worker at an apartment complex in Bedford, Texas, where Yaser's son, Islam Said, rented an apartment, reported seeing a man matching Yaser's description inside of Islam's apartment. When detectives showed him a picture of Yaser Said, the worker identified him as the man he had seen in the apartment. At approximately 6:30 p.m. that evening, an agent came into the apartment to interview Islam. He was upset and allegedly refused to cooperate. He then called someone, saying, “We have a problem.” At 1:00 a.m., a search warrant was executed on the apartment, which was empty at the time. However, the police observed a sliding glass patio door open. Below the patio, they noticed a shrub with broken branches, suggesting someone had jumped off the patio and landed on the bush. Next to the flattened bush, they found a pair of eyeglasses, which they collected as evidence. They collected evidence inside the apartment, including several cigarette butts and a toothbrush. The FBI Laboratory in Quantico, Virginia, compared the DNA from those items to the DNA of Amina and Sarah, and determined the DNA most likely came from their biological father.