title: How to Marry a Millionaire

text: In 2000, 20th Century Fox Television produced a made-for-TV remake, "". It reversed the sex roles, and had three men looking to marry wealthy females. It starred John Stamos, Joshua Malina and Shemar Moore.


title: How to Marry a Millionaire

text: In 2007, Nicole Kidman bought the rights to "How to Marry a Millionaire" under her production company Blossom Films, intending to produce and possibly star in a remake.


title: Video editing

text: Video editing is the manipulation and arrangement of video shots. Video editing is used to structure and present all video information, including films and television shows, video advertisements and video essays. Video editing has been dramatically democratized in recent years by editing software available for personal computers. Editing video can be difficult and tedious, so several technologies have been produced to aid people in this task. Pen based video editing software was developed in order to give people a more intuitive and fast way to edit video.


title: Video editing

text: Though once the province of expensive machines called video editors, video editing software is now available for personal computers and workstations. Video editing includes cutting segments (trimming), re-sequencing clips, and adding transitions and other special effects.


title: Video editing

text: Video editing is the process of editing segments of motion video production footage, special effects and sound recordings in the post-production process. Motion picture film editing is a predecessor to video editing and, in several ways, video editing simulates motion picture film editing, in theory and the use of linear video editing and video editing software on non-linear editing systems (NLE). Using video, a director can communicate non-fictional and fictional events. The goal of editing is to manipulate these events to bring the communication closer to the original goal or target. It is a visual art.


title: Video editing

text: Early 1950s video tape recorders (VTR) were so expensive, and the quality degradation caused by copying was so great, that a 2-inch Quadruplex videotape was edited by visualizing the recorded track with ferrofluid, cutting it with a razor blade or guillotine cutter, and splicing with video tape. The two pieces of tape to be joined were painted with a solution of extremely fine iron filings suspended in carbon tetrachloride, a toxic and carcinogenic compound. This "developed" the magnetic tracks, making them visible when viewed through a microscope so that they could be aligned in a splicer designed for this task.


title: Video editing

text: Improvements in quality and economy, and the invention of the flying erase-head, allowed new video and audio material to be recorded over the material already present on an existing magnetic tape. This was introduced into the linear editing technique. If a scene closer to the beginning of the video tape needed to be changed in length, all later scenes would need to be recorded onto the video tape again in sequence. In addition, sources could be played back simultaneously through a vision mixer (video switcher) to create more complex transitions between scenes. A popular 1970-80s system for creating these transitions was the U-matic equipment (named for the U-shaped tape path). That system used two tape players and one tape recorder, and edits were done by automatically having the machines back up, then speed up together simultaneously, so that the edit didn't roll or glitch. Later, in the 1980-90's came the smaller beta equipment (named for the B-shaped tape path), and more complex controllers, some of which did the synchronizing electronically.


title: Video editing

text: There was a transitional analog period using multiple source videocassette recorders (VCR) with the Montage Picture Processor and Ediflex, or EditDroid using LaserDisc players, but modern NLE systems edit video digitally captured onto a hard drive from an analog video or digital video source. Content is ingested and recorded natively with the appropriate codec that the video editing software uses to process captured footage. High-definition video is becoming more popular and can be readily edited using the same video editing software along with related motion graphics programs. Video clips are arranged on a timeline, music tracks, titles, digital on-screen graphics are added, special effects can be created, and the finished program is "rendered" into a finished video. The video may then be distributed in a variety of ways including DVD, web streaming, QuickTime Movies, iPod, CD-ROM, or video tape.


title: Video editing

text: Like some other technologies, the cost of video editing has declined over time. The original 2" Quadruplex system cost so much that many television production facilities could only afford a single unit, and editing was a highly involved process that required special training. In contrast to this, nearly any home computer sold since the year 2000 has the speed and storage capacity to digitize and edit standard-definition television (SDTV). The two major retail operating systems include basic video editing software – Apple's iMovie and Microsoft's Windows Movie Maker. Additional options exist, usually as more advanced commercial products. As well as these commercial products, there are open-source video-editing programs. Automatic video editing products have also emerged, opening up video editing to a broader audience of amateurs and reducing the time it takes to edit videos. These exist usually as media storage services, such as Google with its Google Photos or smaller companies like Vidify.


title: Find My

text: Find My is an asset tracking app and service provided by Apple Inc. that enables users to track the location of iOS, iPadOS, macOS, watchOS devices, AirPods, AirTags and a number of supported third-party accessories through a connected iCloud account. Users can also share their GPS locations to others with Apple devices and view the location of others who choose to share their location. Find My was released alongside iOS 13 on September 19, 2019, merging the functions of the former Find My iPhone (known on macOS devices as Find My Mac) into a single app. On watchOS, Find My is separated into three different applications: Find Devices, Find People and Find Items.


title: Find My

text: After being released on iOS, Find My was later released on iPadOS 13.1 on September 24, 2019 and macOS 10.15 on October 7, 2019.


title: Find My

text: Find My allows users to share their GPS locations to contacts with an iOS, iPadOS, or macOS device for an hour, until the end of the day, or indefinitely. Once shared, others are able to see the exact location of a person's device on a map and can receive directions to the person's location. Notifications can be set, alerting a user when someone leaves or arrives at a set location.


title: Find My

text: Users can find the location of their Apple devices and play a sound on the device at maximum volume, a useful feature if the device has been mislaid. A device can also be marked as lost, locking the device with a password and suspending sensitive features such as Apple Pay. Lost mode also allows a user to leave a message and contact information on the lock screen of the device.


title: Find My

text: A user can also choose to erase a device, deleting all content and settings, which is useful if the device contains sensitive information, however the device can no longer be located after this action is performed. After the erase is complete, the message can still be displayed and the device will be activation locked. This makes it hard for someone to use or sell the device. An Apple ID password is required to turn off Find My, sign out of iCloud, erase the device, or reactivate a device after an activation lock.


title: Find My

text: Since iOS 15, users can locate their iPhone 11 or later for up to 5 hours after the phone battery was drained, or 24 if it was turned off by the user manually (SE 2nd and 3rd generation excluded), thanks to the power reserve. Meanwhile the iPhone Xr and Xs support the power reserve as well, those can’t be located when turned off. Apple hasn’t communicated on how the feature works and why it is exclusive to these models but it’s likely that the feature uses the iPhone U1 chip exclusive to the iPhone 11 and later.


title: Find My

text: With the release of iOS 14.3, third-party Bluetooth items and accessories with support for the Find My network accessory program can also be tracked, under a separate "Items" tab. If something is lost but out of Bluetooth range, the app will display the last known location until another iOS, iPadOS, or macOS device is nearby. Similar to Apple's own devices, third-party items can be placed into a "lost mode" which prevents others from pairing to the device. Lost items can be identified from within the Find My app, allowing a user to see a message or contact information from the owner of the lost item.


title: Find My

text: Unlike other "key finders", AirTags also use ultra-wideband technology to find lost items (if the Apple device used for searching supports it).


title: John Munch

text: John Munch is a fictional character played by actor Richard Belzer. Munch first appeared on the American crime drama television series "" on NBC. A regular through the entire run of the series from 1993 to 1999, Munch is a cynical detective in the Baltimore Police Department's Homicide unit, and a firm believer in conspiracy theories. He is originally partnered with Detective Stanley Bolander (Ned Beatty). Munch is based on Jay Landsman, a central figure in David Simon's 1991 true crime book "."


title: John Munch

text: On the cancellation of "Homicide" in 1999, Belzer was offered a regular role as Munch on the "Law & Order" spin-off titled "". He appeared in the first fifteen seasons of that series from 1999 to 2014, and occasionally as a guest thereafter. On "SVU", Munch becomes a senior detective in the New York Police Department's Special Victims Unit, and is first partnered with Brian Cassidy (Dean Winters), followed by Monique Jeffries (Michelle Hurd), and Fin Tutuola (Ice-T). In the premiere, Munch is promoted to the rank of Sergeant and occasionally takes on supervisory functions within the department. In season 14, Munch is temporarily reassigned to the Cold Case Unit, after solving a decade-old child abduction case in the episode "Manhattan Vigil". He returns to the squad in "Secrets Exhumed", in which he brings back a 1980s rape-homicide cold case for the squad to investigate. In the season 15 episode, "", SVU Captain Donald Cragen (Dann Florek) informs Detective Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay) that Munch has submitted his retirement papers, stating that a recent case (portrayed in the episode "") had "hit him hard". In the following episode, "", Cragen and the squad throw Munch a retirement party, where past and present colleagues and family members celebrate his career. At the conclusion of the episode, Munch returns to the precinct to gather his belongings, where he and Cragen shake hands as Cragen remarks, "you had one hell of a run, Sergeant Munch." Munch has returned, post-retirement, to help his colleagues in the fifteenth-season finale "" and the seventeenth-season episode "".


title: John Munch

text: The character of Munch has appeared in a total of ten series on five networks since the character's debut in 1993. Apart from "Homicide" and "SVU", however, Belzer's performances as Munch were guest appearances or crossovers rather than regular or recurring appearances. With Munch's retirement in the character's 22nd season on television, he was a regular character on U.S. television longer than Marshal Matt Dillon ("Gunsmoke") and Frasier Crane ("Cheers" and "Frasier"), both of whom were on television for 20 seasons; he is only behind Mariska Hargitay's character Olivia Benson. Munch's return to help his friends in the "SVU" seventeenth-season episode "" marks the 23rd season that the character has appeared on television in any capacity.


title: John Munch

text: Munch first appeared as a central character in the TV series "Homicide: Life on the Street," as a homicide detective in the Baltimore Police Department's fictionalized homicide unit, which debuted January 31, 1993. The character was primarily based on Jay Landsman, a central figure in David Simon's 1991 true crime book "", a documentary account of the homicide unit's operation over one year. However, Munch's storyline also touched on the book's depiction of the relationship between real-life detectives Donald Worden and David Brown, in which Worden was relentless in his tutelage/hazing of the younger detective but also genuinely wanted him to succeed and was impressed when the younger cop did excellent work. A storyline in the book involving Brown's cracking a very difficult hit-and-run homicide was included almost verbatim in the show's pilot.


title: John Munch

text: Barry Levinson, co-creator and executive producer of "Homicide", said Belzer was a "lousy actor" during his audition when he first read lines from the script for "Gone for Goode", the first episode in the series. Levinson asked Belzer to take some time to reread and practice the material, then come back and read it again. During his second reading, Levinson said Belzer was "still terrible", but that the actor eventually found confidence in his performance.


title: John Munch

text: Munch appeared as a regular character in every season, and in almost every episode, of "Homicide". After "Homicide: Life on the Street" concluded its seventh season in May 1999, the character transferred into the "Law & Order" universe as a regular character on "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" (both "Homicide" and the original "Law & Order" had crossed-over numerous times before, and Munch had featured centrally in each crossover). It is explained that Munch had retired from the Baltimore Police Department, taken his pension as a Maryland state employee, and moved to New York to join a sex crimes investigation unit, where he was eventually given a promotion to sergeant.


title: John Munch

text: Munch joined the BPD's homicide unit in 1983. During the fourth-season premiere of "Homicide: Life on the Street", he signs up to take a promotion exam in hopes of becoming a sergeant, but a "comedy of errors" prevents him from showing up for it. In the first episode of the ninth season of "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit", it is revealed that he passed the NYPD sergeant's exam, having taken it on a bar bet, and earned his promotion. In that scene, his shield number is clearly visible: 0231. He is temporarily promoted to commanding officer of the Special Victims Unit following Cragen's temporary reassignment, but is depicted as happily relinquishing control back to him, commenting upon Cragen's return, "This job sucks." He kept his rank, however, as he is still referred to as Sergeant in later episodes. He is temporarily put in charge again when Cragen is suspended after the detectives mishandle a case.


title: John Munch

text: Munch makes a cameo appearance on a fifth-season episode of "The Wire". Munch can be seen at Kavanaugh's Bar arguing with the bartender over his tab by referencing his experience running a bar (he opened The Waterfront Bar in "Homicide"). He appears in "Unusual Suspects", the third episode of the fifth season of "The X-Files"—the episode is set in 1989, when Munch was still at the Baltimore Police Department.


title: John Munch

text: Though his age is never directly stated on "Homicide", a few clues are presented pointing to it. In the episode "", Munch talks about his high school years and looks at a yearbook from 1961. In the episode "", Munch says: "Going to high school was no day at the beach for a teenage Jew in the '50s". Because first grade began at age six and high school ended in 12th grade in Maryland during this time, it is likely Munch was born in 1944, the same year as Belzer. Munch is described, however, as being 48 years old in the 2000 "SVU" episode "". To be 48 at the time this episode took place, Munch would have been born circa 1951, depending on when his birthday falls. Also noteworthy is a seventh season episode of "" in which the ongoing conflict between Munch and Det. Stuart Gharty (Peter Gerety) culminates. After a confrontation inside the Waterfront bar, Gharty asks Munch how old he was in 1970, during the Vietnam War, to which Munch responds "Eighteen", putting the year of his birth circa 1951.


title: John Munch

text: "SVU" and "Homicide" have Munch growing up in different places. In "Homicide", he is a native of Maryland and attended high school in Pikesville, which has a large Jewish community. Munch said that he took many field trips to Fort McHenry as a child, which would likely only happen were he to live in the area. In "SVU", however, Munch tells Det. Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay) that he grew up on the "Lower East Side". Munch also tells Det. Fin Tutuola (Ice-T) that he "came back from Baltimore" after his fourth marriage broke up. In "Homicide", he says he attended Pikesville High School for four years. His grandfather worked in the garment business. Munch worked with him in the early 1960s.


title: John Munch

text: Munch's childhood was not a happy one. He and his brother were physically abused by their father, who had bipolar disorder. One night, after getting a beating "for being a wiseass", Munch told his father that he "hated his guts". That was the last thing he ever said to his father before his father committed suicide; for years afterward, he believes that his father's death was his fault. Munch has an uncle, Andrew (Jerry Lewis), who suffers from depressive pseudodementia. Andrew is found by Elliot Stabler (Christopher Meloni) living as a transient in Manhattan, and is subsequently reunited with his nephew. Andrew, however, reacts badly to his antidepressant medication, which triggers a mania that results in his taking a personal vendetta against a suspected rapist/murderer SVU is investigating, eventually killing the man by pushing him in front of a subway train. Andrew refuses to plead insanity and take further medication, and says goodbye to his nephew one last time before being sent to prison. In a deleted scene from the of "Homicide", Munch mentions to both Meldrick Lewis (Clark Johnson) and Tim Bayliss (Kyle Secor) that he had an uncle who lived up north but was unsure of what became of him – this is presumably Andrew. Munch is affected by the death of a young girl who lived near him when he was a teenager; he feels guilty for not noticing that she was being abused by her mother, who eventually killed her, despite seeing the girl every day when he came home from school. In the 14th-season "SVU" episode "Twenty-Five Acts", it is mentioned that Munch's mother is living in a retirement community.


title: John Munch

text: During the late 1960s and the early 1970s, he was an occasional reporter and music reviewer for the alternative magazine "The Paper". Although he considered himself to be a "dangerous radical" due to his left-wing views, conspiracy theories and involvement with anti-Vietnam War protests, the FBI believed that he was a dilettante and posed no threat.


title: John Munch

text: Munch's partner at the start of "Homicide" is Stanley Bolander (Ned Beatty), an experienced police detective with more than 20 years under his belt. The two are partners through the show's first three seasons until Bolander is first suspended and then retires. Despite the tremendous amount of grief the two give each other, Munch respects him and counts him as a dear friend.


title: John Munch

text: In "SVU", Munch is first partnered with Brian Cassidy (Dean Winters), whom he thinks of as a kind of younger brother, alternately poking fun at him and imparting (often questionable) advice on life and women. When Cassidy leaves the precinct in 2000, Munch is briefly partnered with Monique Jeffries (Michelle Hurd), but when she too leaves the precinct he is paired with her replacement, Odafin Tutuola (Ice-T). He and Tutuola get off to a rough start, but gradually come to like and respect each other. After Munch is shot by a suspect during a trial, the dialogue he shares with Tutuola in the hospital demonstrates the regard and respect the characters have gained for one another. When Tutuola gets frustrated over a potential witness being unable to testify due to relapsing on heroin, Munch mentions a former partner who took cases that personally, and who eventually committed suicide as a result.


title: John Munch

text: In "Homicide", along with Tim Bayliss (Kyle Secor) and Meldrick Lewis (Clark Johnson), Munch is co-owner of "The Waterfront", a bar located across the street from their Baltimore police station. This is referenced in season 5 of "The Wire", in episode 7, titled "Took". Munch is speaking to a bartender at Kavanaugh's as journalist Augustus Haynes (Clark Johnson) walks in. The camera pans by him as he says the lines, "Rodney, you can't press a regular for his whole tab. It just isn't done. I used to run a bar, I know how these things work, remember?"


title: John Munch

text: Even during the severe recession of the late 2000s, Munch talks about wanting to buy a bar again in New York.


title: John Munch

text: In "SVU", Munch takes the Sergeant's exam on a bar bet, passes, and is promoted to that rank. As sergeant, he is called upon to take charge of the unit on a number of occasions when Cragen is relieved of duty. Following the events of the season 15 episode "Internal Affairs", Cragen informs Benson that Munch has submitted his retirement papers. Munch officially retires in the episode "Wonderland Story", with the squad throwing a party for him. Cragen announces that Munch will become a special investigator in the District Attorney's office and Tutuola presents him with a going-away gift from the squad, a shadow box containing all the badges he carried as a police officer in both Baltimore and New York. As the episode concludes, Munch is at his desk in the squad room, packing his personal items into a box. He has a brief flashback to "Gone for Goode", the "Homicide" series premiere, in which he sat at his desk to go through a pile of mug shots. The phone rings, and he answers it "Homicide, I mean SVU"; he then puts the caller on hold and leaves with his box.


title: John Munch

text: Munch later returns to SVU to help Amaro being released from prison and offer some advice after he's arrested for assaulting a pedophile.


title: John Munch

text: Munch returns for the final time to help out SVU investigate a photographer who has raped a young model and so many others for the past twelve years. Once the case is close, he later babysat Benson's son, Noah. Before he left, Munch and Benson have remarked that there are so many things in life that are more important than SVU and part on good terms.


title: John Munch

text: The following are the medals and service awards worn by NYPD Detective Munch, as seen in "Alternate".


title: John Munch

text: Munch is Jewish, but once commented that the only thing he and Judaism had in common was that he "didn't like to work on Saturdays." He indicates that he is familiar with Jewish prayers, and eventually says Kaddish at the end of an episode of "Homicide" in memory of a Jewish murder victim. He is familiar with common Yiddish words and phrases. Munch interacts with an Orthodox Jewish witness, using one Yiddish word, "farshteyn" ("understand"), and referring to the twelve Israelite tribes from the Bible. The man remarks that Munch must be Jewish and, consequently, agrees to help him out of a fraternal connection. After the interaction, Munch reciprocates by offering the man a ride back to the Riverdale neighborhood in The Bronx. He identifies his ethnic background as Romanian.


title: John Munch

text: He has a younger brother named Bernie who owns a funeral parlor; he at one point jokes that he occasionally "throws him some business". He mentioned another brother who is in the drywall business. His brother David attended his farewell roast. His cousin, Lee, acts as his accountant—and the accountant for The Waterfront—when he lives in Baltimore.


title: John Munch

text: Munch has been described as a stubborn man who can "smell a conspiracy at a five-year-old's lemonade stand". Munch can often be seen lecturing his co-workers on a variety of conspiracy theories, which he views as obvious truths. In the "SVU" pilot episode, he rants about a supposed government cover-up in the assassination of John F. Kennedy. However, Munch does not seem to believe all conspiracy theories; in "The X-Files" episode "Unusual Suspects"—a cross-over episode with "Homicide"—Munch dismisses the Lone Gunmen's claims of a government plot to expose Baltimore residents to a hallucinogenic gas.


title: John Munch

text: At the onset of "Homicide", he had been divorced twice, but by the seventh season he had had a total of three ex-wives, until marrying Waterfront bartender Billie Lou Hatfield (Ellen McElduff). Before leaving Baltimore, Munch had divorced Billie Lou, having discovered, after less than one day of marriage, that she has been having an affair with a member of his own precinct. In one episode, a police psychiatrist notes that despite his cynicism regarding marriage, Munch still believes in true love, and is pained by the fact he has not found it.


title: John Munch

text: He once stated that he and his first wife, Gwen, had sex once after their divorce. Her first on screen appearance is the "Homicide" episode "All Is Bright", in which she is played by Carol Kane. Gwen shows up at The Waterfront bar to inform Munch her mother has died. As the two catch up, he agrees to arrange for the funeral of Gwen's mother despite the fact that his ex-mother-in-law loathed him and did everything in her power to disrupt her daughter's marriage to him. Near the end of the episode, Munch performs a touching toast to his former mother-in-law in one of the few times his cynical façade slips. Kane next returns as Gwen in "",


title: John Munch

text: the season 10 finale of "SVU", and is portrayed as suffering from paranoid schizophrenia. While working with Lennie Briscoe (Jerry Orbach) in the season four episode of "Homicide", "For God and Country", a crossover with "Law & Order", Munch loses badly to Briscoe in a pool game and learns Briscoe had briefly dated, and had sex with, Gwen. Distraught, he gets drunk and proclaims that he forgives Gwen and still loves her. Despite this, he and Briscoe become quite good friends—their interaction in the two following crossovers between "Homicide" and "Law & Order", as well as in a crossover between "Law & Order" and "SVU", is generally friendly (Belzer originally pitched to Dick Wolf that Munch join "Law & Order" as Briscoe's new partner, but the role had already been filled by Ed Green, played by Jesse L. Martin).


title: John Munch

text: While Munch could never be accused of being sentimental, his cynical façade has occasionally slipped, revealing a deep compassion—especially for children—born from his unhappy childhood. When Munch emerges unscathed from an ambush shooting during a third-season episode of "Homicide" that leaves three of his colleagues in the hospital, he tries to laugh it off, but he later breaks down in tears. In the second season of "SVU", after solving a case dealing with an abusive mother who put her daughter in a coma, Munch tells Benson that when he was in high school, one of his neighbors killed her daughter, and that for years he felt guilty for failing to recognize that the girl needed help.


title: John Munch

text: Munch is a staunch believer in individual rights and occasionally finds that something he has to do in the line of duty goes against his sense of morality. A particularly disturbing experience for him was having to see patients on dialysis have their kidney transplants denied.


title: John Munch

text: In the third-season episode of "Homicide", "Law and Disorder", Munch is suspected by Detective Tim Bayliss of having murdered Gordon Pratt (Steve Buscemi), the suspect in the shooting of three homicide detectives, including Munch's partner Stanley Bolander. Munch had motive, opportunity, an unconfirmed alibi, and never actually denies killing Pratt, but Bayliss refuses to question Munch further or test his service weapon to determine if it has been fired recently. He closes the case, informing his shift commander that there is insufficient evidence to charge anyone.


title: John Munch

text: Munch is fluent in French. He also has some conversational ability in Russian, Hebrew, Yiddish, Spanish, Greek, and Hungarian.


title: John Munch

text: A 2007 news item notes that the character of Munch "has slowly disappeared from ["SVU"s] plotlines", and quotes Belzer as saying "[i]t's mystifying to me", admitting his feelings to be "slightly hurt". Following season nine, in which Munch appeared in just over half of the episodes, Belzer reiterated his mystification at the development but also seemed to want to tone it down: "It's like yanking the tonsils out of the gift horse if I complain too much. I've been lucky over the years ... "c'est la vie": I'm not starving."


title: John Munch

text: Although "Homicide" and "Law & Order: SVU" officially share the same continuity, they provide conflicting accounts of Munch's childhood, and "SVU" rarely mentions Munch's past as a Baltimore detective. Four regular actors from "Homicide" (Peter Gerety, Callie Thorne, Michael Michele, Andre Braugher) and two recurring ones (Clayton LeBouef, Željko Ivanek), whose characters regularly interacted with Munch on that series, have appeared as different, unrelated characters on "SVU", sometimes sharing scenes with Munch. In Braugher's first appearance on "SVU" as Attorney Bayard Ellis, however, there is an implicit nod towards the shared continuity between the shows when Munch greets Braugher's character as if he knows him. "There's a glimmer of [recognition]," as Braugher described the meeting.


title: John Munch

text: There were three specific examples of "consistent" continuity between the two shows, all related to Munch's personal life. One is Munch's amicable divorce from Gwen, who has appeared in episodes of both "Homicide" and "SVU". "" features Munch's temporary return to assist the Baltimore Homicide Unit when his friend and BPD boss – former BPD Lieutenant Al Giardello – has been shot, with dialogue acknowledging that Munch is currently assigned to the Special Victims Unit in New York. The two shows come together for Munch's retirement, when his "SVU" party is attended by "Homicide" BPD Detective Meldrick Lewis (Clark Johnson) and two ex-Mrs. Munch-es, Gwen and Billie Lou Hatfield (Ellen McElduff), who were both introduced as characters on "Homicide".


title: John Munch

text: From 1993 to 1997, Belzer has been credited as portraying Detective John Munch in all 122 episodes of "" (appearing in 119 episodes), as well as the 2000 follow up television film "".


title: John Munch

text: Belzer continued to portray Munch on "" from 1999 to 2017, being credited in 325 episodes (appearing in 242 episodes).


title: John Munch

text: Additionally, within the larger "Law and Order universe", Belzer has been credited for appearing as Munch in 5 other episodes. 4 episodes in the original "Law and Order" series; appearances spanning from 1996 to 2000, and 1 episode of the short-lived spinoff series, in 2005.


title: John Munch

text: The character has spanned over 20 years and 23 seasons of network television. Along with his main cast roles on "Homicide" and "SVU", Munch has also appeared as a character in other TV series, movies, talk shows, albums and comic books:


title: John Munch

text: Munch has become the only fictional character, played by a single actor, to physically appear on 10 different television series. These shows were on five different networks: NBC ("Homicide: Life on the Street", "Law & Order", "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit", "Law & Order: Trial by Jury", and "30 Rock"), Fox ("The X-Files" and "Arrested Development"), UPN ("The Beat"), HBO ("The Wire") and ABC ("Jimmy Kimmel Live!"). Munch has been one of the few television characters to cross genres, appearing not only in crime drama series, but sitcom ("Arrested Development"), adult animated sitcom ("American Dad"), late night comedy ("Jimmy Kimmel Live!") and horror and science fiction ("The X-Files").


title: INS Vishal

text: INS "Vishal", also known as Indigenous Aircraft Carrier 2 (IAC-2), is a planned aircraft carrier to be built by Cochin Shipyard Limited for the Indian Navy. It is intended to be the second aircraft carrier to be built in India after (IAC-1). The proposed design of the second carrier class will be a new design, featuring significant changes from "Vikrant", including an increase in size and displacement. An Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) CATOBAR system is also under consideration. Its name "Vishal" means 'grand' in Sanskrit.


title: INS Vishal

text: In April 2011, Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma claimed that construction of the second carrier was some years away as there were a number of higher spending priorities for the navy. The design stage of IAC-2 began in 2012, and was undertaken by the navy's Naval Design Bureau. The navy decided not to seek outside help in preparing the design concept and implementation plans, but might seek help from the Russian Design Bureau later to integrate Russian aircraft into "Vishal". IAC-2 is proposed to be a flat-top carrier with a displacement of 65,000 tonnes and might have a CATOBAR system, unlike the STOBAR system on IAC-1. In 2013, the Indian Navy reportedly sought to equip the aircraft carrier with EMALS, which could enable the launching of larger aircraft as well as unmanned combat aerial vehicles. General Atomics, the developer of EMALS, also gave a briefing of the technology to Indian Navy officers with the permission of the US Government.


title: INS Vishal

text: In May 2015, Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Robin K. Dhowan initially floated the possibility of nuclear propulsion, saying that "all options are open for the second indigenous aircraft carrier. Nothing has been ruled out." On 13 May 2015, Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) allotted Rs.30 crore for initial construction planning process of INS "Vishal".


title: INS Vishal

text: The initial plan for the aircraft carrier included nuclear propulsion system, but this was later changed to an integrated electric propulsion system due to the complexities involved in developing a nuclear reactor with a capacity of 500 to 550 megawatts that would possibly take 15 to 20 years.


title: INS Vishal

text: In April 2015, US Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Frank Kendall stated that the Obama administration was supportive of selling EMALS to India, amongst other technologies. The Indian Navy also reached out to four international defence companies for suggestions with the design of "Vishal", with letters of request sent to the British BAE Systems, French DCNS, American Lockheed Martin and Russian Rosoboronexport on 15 July 2015, according to a report in "Jane's Navy International". The letter asked the companies to "provide technical and costing proposals" for the IAC-2 program.


title: INS Vishal

text: A Joint Working Group on Aircraft Carrier Cooperation was also formed between India and the United States to collaborate on the design and development of aircraft carriers, with the first meeting between Indian Navy and United States Navy naval officers held in August 2015. In October 2017, just ahead of US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson's visit to India, the Trump administration approved the release of technology for the EMALS for "Vishal".


title: INS Vishal

text: On 3 December 2018, Chief of the Naval Staff Sunil Lanba told media that the work on "Vishal" had moved ahead and the construction of the ship is expected to begin in 3 years. Initially, the carrier was expected to enter service by the 2020s, but the expected date of completion was later postponed to the 2030s.


title: INS Vishal

text: British newspaper "Daily Mirror" reported on 5 May 2019 that India was in talks with the United Kingdom to purchase the detailed plans for to use as the basis of INS "Vishal"s design.


title: INS Vishal

text: In April 2021, the Indian Navy, wanting to give preference to nuclear powered and conventional submarines in future sea-warfare, has decided that it will now begin planning the third aircraft carrier, INS Vishal, as a replacement for the serving .


title: INS Vishal

text: In November 2021, the Indian Navy began discussions on tweaking the designs to accommodate both unmanned and manned aircraft. A slight reduction in size (from the current 65000 tons) was being discussed to reduce weight, cost and time to build the carrier.


title: INS Vishal

text: In April 2022, state-owned BHEL signed a Memorandum of Understanding with GE Power Conversion, a British-French enterprise now owned by General Electric (as part of the Power and Propulsion Sub-Alliance, which is made up of General Electric Power Conversion, Thales UK, L3 Communications and Rolls-Royce). The purpose of the MoU is to boost indigenous capabilities in developing an Integrated Full Electric Propulsion System (IFEP) for the Indian Navy, including one for the planned aircraft carrier.


title: INS Vishal

text: It's estimated that the Carrier air wing of INS Vishal could consist of carrier-based HAL TEDBF and naval version of HAL AMCA. There's also a high possibility of operating Mikoyan MiG-29Ks and other carrier-based aircraft at the initial stage of INS Vishal. Naval planners believe that with INS "Vishal" likely to enter service in the early 2030s, they should plan on operating UCAVs from that carrier, as well as a fixed wing ASW and AEW&C aircraft as well as medium and light fighters. According to a naval planner, it "could greatly expand our mission envelope with UCAVs, using the pilot-less aircraft for high-risk reconnaissance and suppression of enemy air defences (SEAD). Mid-air refuelling would let us keep UCAVs on a mission for 24–36 hours continuously, since pilot fatigue would not be a factor."


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Hyundai Ioniq is a compact five-door liftback manufactured and marketed by Hyundai. The nameplate "Ioniq" is a portmanteau of "ion" and "unique". It is marketed as the first automobile to be offered without a standard internal combustion engine, but rather sold in hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and all-electric variants.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Ioniq Hybrid debuted in South Korea in January 2016, with all three variants debuting at 2016 Geneva and New York auto shows. The hybrid variant launched in its home market in February 2016, followed by the electric model in July 2016. The plug-in hybrid version followed in February 2017.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: From its first model year (2017) through the 2019 model year, the Ioniq Electric had been the EPA's most efficient vehicle with a rated fuel economy of . The Ioniq Blue Hybrid version has been rated at , making it the most fuel-efficient hybrid vehicle to be mass-produced.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: Following its discontinuation in South Korea in 2021, production of the Ioniq ended in July 2022 in favour of battery electric lineup of Ioniq-badged models starting from the Ioniq 5 crossover with Ioniq 6 and Ioniq 7 to follow.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Ioniq is Hyundai's first automobile built from the ground up and specifically available as a hybrid or electric powered. It is related to the Kia Niro crossover utility vehicle and Hyundai Elantra, with which it shares a wheelbase and suspension components.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Ioniq Hybrid was released in South Korea in February 2016. The hybrid was launched in Malaysia in November 2016. Two Ioniq Hybrid trims were available, HEV and HEV Plus. The Ioniq Hybrid was introduced in the United States for the 2017 model year in early 2017, with journalists granted early access in February of that year. Production of the Ioniq Hybrid halted in July 2022.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Ioniq is powered by a 1.6-litre "Kappa" four cylinder Atkinson-cycle engine with 40% thermal efficiency capable of delivering and an estimated of torque alone. The Ioniq Hybrid's electric motor additionally delivers an estimated with an estimated maximum torque of ; estimated combined total system output is and . Power is delivered to the front wheels through six speed dual-clutch transmission. Like many hybrids and electric cars, neither the Ioniq Hybrid nor Electric is suitable for towing a trailer.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The traction battery for the Ioniq Hybrid is a 240 V, 1.56kWh lithium-ion polymer battery which is positioned beneath the rear passenger seats. Accessories and instrumentation are powered by a smaller 12 V battery, also housed under the rear seats. The 12 V accessory battery also uses lithium-ion chemistry, unlike typical hybrid and internal combustion automobiles which typically use a lead-acid accessory battery.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: Its aerodynamic design helped lower the drag coefficient of the Ioniq down to 0.24. Excessive weight is reduced by utilization of high strength steel for the structure and aluminium for non structural components. The Ioniq uses aluminium in the hood and tailgate, reducing weight by compared with conventional steel, with no measurable disadvantages in noise or vibration. With a higher usage of lightweight components and a more compact build, the cargo screen cover is about 25% lighter than the types used in other Hyundai models.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The hybrid version competes with, and surpasses in fuel economy, the previous mileage leader in the Toyota Prius. Hyundai expects the model with 15-inch wheels to obtain an EPA rated combined fuel economy between and , just ahead of the 2016 Toyota Prius Eco at . The Ioniq is also available with a 17-inch alloy rim option. Trims that include the alloy rims produce approximately 5MPG lower overall fuel economy on the highway.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: Many parked Ioniq vehicles appear in the early scenes of the 2018 film "Johnny English Strikes Again", starring Rowan Atkinson.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Hyundai Ioniq Electric is a limited-production all-electric version of the Ioniq that is sold only in select countries and US states. It features a 28kWh lithium-ion polymer battery that delivers an EPA-rated range of . The car was refreshed for the 2020 model year with a new interior, larger battery, and increased range and traction motor output.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: Initially, the Ioniq Electric was available in the United States in California only. As of 2019, Hyundai USA sells the Ioniq Electric only in select states. It is sold by Hyundai in other countries as well, which included Canada, Norway, Netherlands, Portugal and Switzerland. The car was discontinued in the US market for the 2022 model year.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Ioniq Electric is bundled with the portable "In-Cable Control Box" (ICCB), an electric vehicle supply equipment that allows drivers to charge their Ioniq using a conventional household outlet, but this is recommended only for use in emergencies in countries with 120V AC outlets. In most countries with 220240V AC household outlets, 100% range can be added with an overnight charge. The charging plug of the car is located in a position where fuel fillers are normally located; the vehicle is equipped with a CCS Combo 1 inlet, accepting charging rates at up to 100 kW at a DC fast charging station.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The electric traction motor has a rated output of and . Power output was increased to with the 2020 refresh; peak torque increased modestly to .


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Ioniq features paddle shifters to allow drivers to choose from one of four levels of regenerative braking. Single-pedal control is not possible: the driver must use the brake pedal to come to a complete stop, even at maximum regeneration. There are three driving modes (Eco / Normal / Sport) which affect throttle tuning; in addition, Eco decreases the output of the climate control system. For the 2020 model year, holding the regeneration paddle enabled maximum regeneration and one-pedal driving.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The rear suspension was switched to a torsion beam instead of the multilink setup used on the Ioniq Hybrid to accommodate the larger traction battery, which is carried under the rear seat.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: Under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) four cycle test, the 2017 Ioniq Electric combined fuel economy rating is . For city driving, it is rated at , and for highway it is rated at .


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: With these ratings, the Ioniq Electric became in November 2016 the most efficient EPA certified vehicle considering all fuels and of all years, surpassing the 20142016 model year BMW i3, and also the 2017 Toyota Prius Prime, the most energy efficient plug in hybrid in EV mode. Similarly the Ioniq Electric was praised by the Green NCAP for high energy efficiency, even under high-load highway test.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: Range from the relatively modest battery was increased by the vehicle's efficiency, which in turn was aided by aerodynamic tweaks and low-rolling resistance tires. The 2017 Ioniq Electric had a combined EPA rated range of . Hyundai originally expected the Ioniq to deliver a range of . The range under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) standard is , and under the South Korean cycle. In 2019 (2020 model year), the battery capacity was increased to 38.3 kW-hr, lengthening the range to (EPA) or (WLTP).


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: Charging time is rated at 4 hours on a 6.6kW AC charger. Using a DC fast charging station, the battery can be restored to 80% state of charge in approximately half an hour. Along with the larger battery, the onboard AC charger was upgraded from 6.6 kW to 7.2 kW with the 2020 model year Ioniq Electric.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: The Ioniq Plug-in uses a similar hybrid electric drivetrain as the regular Ioniq Hybrid, which combines the same 1.6-L GDI four-cylinder Kappa engine as the Hybrid, rated at 40% thermal efficiency and an output of and , with a slightly more powerful electric motor that develops and . Compared to the regular Hybrid, the Plug-in also has a larger 8.9kWh lithium-ion polymer traction battery capable of delivering an EPA-rated electric-only range of , and an additional of range in hybrid mode once the electric range has been depleted. The EPA efficiency rating for the Ioniq Plug-in hybrid in electric mode is .


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: In ECO mode, the dual clutch transmission optimizes gear selection for efficiency, upshifting earlier to achieve better fuel economy. Based on feedback from the Sonata Hybrid, there was no charge-replenishing mode where the gasoline engine was used to recharge the traction battery.


title: Hyundai Ioniq

text: By January 2021, from the Ioniq series around 325,500 units were sold worldwide, including 211,755 conventional hybrids and 77,972 purely electric cars, as well as 35,757 plug-in hybrid variants. From all units, 118,575 were sold to Europe and 60,354 to the USA. From the IONIQ electric model 36,772 units were sold to Europe; these are 47% or almost the half of the worldwide electric production.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Iru Mugan () is a 2016 Indian Tamil-language science-fiction spy action thriller written and directed by Anand Shankar. Produced by Thameens Films, the film stars Vikram in double role alongside Nayanthara, Nithya Menen, Nassar, Thambi Ramaiah, Karunakaran and Riythvika.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Vikram plays a dual role character for the first time, as "Akhilan Vinod", a suspended RAW agent who is on a mission to track down a wanted criminal scientist called "Love", who illegally supplies inhalers which contain ""speed drug"" for terrorists. The film went through significant changes in pre-production of the cast, crew members and producers. Principal photography commenced in December 2015. The major portion of the film was shot in Malaysia, and few scenes were shot in Chennai, Bangkok, Ladakh and Kashmir.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Harris Jayaraj composed the film's soundtrack and score, while R. D. Rajasekhar and Bhuvan Srinivasan handled the cinematography and editing, respectively. The film was released on 8 September 2016 and received positive reviews. The film was a huge commercial success at the box office.


title: Iru Mugan

text: An elderly Malaysian man goes berserk and kills several Indian officers in a span of five minutes at the Indian Embassy in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia, before collapsing. A tattoo of a love symbol is present at the back of his neck, leading RAW agency to conclude that it is the handiwork of rogue scientist named Love whose identity and whereabouts are unknown to anyone except their agent Akhilan Vinod, who resigned from the agency. 4 years ago, While on an assignment to bust Love, Akhilan's wife Meera George, a leading computer analyst was killed by them. RAW chief Malik tracks down Akhilan and convinces him to join the investigation.


title: Iru Mugan

text: On viewing the video footage of the attack, Akhilan comes to the conclusion that the elderly Malaysian man had taken a mysterious performance-enhancing drug which allowed him to attack the Indian officials and decides to investigate the matter further in Malaysia. Since Akhilan is under suspension, Malik assigns him as a deputy to a junior RAW agent named Aayushi, who is officially assigned to handle the case, and the two of them leave for Kuala Lumpur. In Kuala Lumpur, Akhilan and Aayushi learn that the mysterious drug is inhaled using an asthma inhaler. Further investigations lead them to Peter, a scientist who is on Love's payroll.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Peter becomes informer and tells them about the drug, which is called "Speed". The drug causes a person who inhales it to have extraordinary strength for five minutes before falling unconscious, and if the person inhales the drug again within a few hours, they will suffer a massive heart attack. Peter also reveals that a shipment of 'Speed' inhalers is to be dispatched to Love within the next 15 minutes. Akhilan and Aayushi pursue the lorry carrying the inhalers, but a lorry driver inhales Speed and subdues the duo, which are then taken to Love's hideout. As Akhilan moves to arrest Love, who turns out to be a transgender, he is knocked out by Meera, who is shockingly still alive and has been working for Love as a computer hacker and goes by the name "Rosy".


title: Iru Mugan

text: It is then revealed that Meera suffers from retrograde amnesia after being shot in the head 4 years ago and that Love took advantage of her situation to employ her as a computer hacker. However, when Love orders her to kill Akhilan and Aayushi, she points the gun at Love and calls the police, who arrests him. Meera reveals that she had been forced to take 'Speed' by Love to work faster, but the drug caused her old memories, including those with Akhilan, to return, and she soon regained her full memory after continuous use of the drug. Love manages to obtain a 'Speed' inhaler while in custody and inhales it, helping her escape and destroy the entire police station, killing everyone present, including Aayushi. Aayushi had recorded the whole incident by using a "Bluetooth camera".


title: Iru Mugan

text: Akhilan finds out that Love had made a satellite call to Chang, the Transport Minister of Malaysia who had allowed Love to send shipments of 'Speed' inhalers to India to perpetrate terror attacks there in return for money. He rushes to the hospital, where Chang is admitted and interrogates him. During the interrogation, Love sneaks into the hospital and, hiding in the air conditioning vent, sprays a neurotoxic gas in Chang's room, causing Akhilan and Chang to get paralysed. She then kills Chang and puts the knife on Akhilan's hand, framing him as Chang's assassin. Akhilan and Meera, who are declared fugitives, but the duo manages to escape from the Malaysian police.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Akhilan and Meera decide to finish off Love using her kill switch activation device, which had been restored and hidden by Aayushi before she was killed. However, as the device can only be opened with Love's fingerprint, they plan on obtaining her fingerprint. They sneak into an illegal airfield owned by Chang, where Love is planning to leave for India with the shipments of Speed inhalers. Akhilan inhales Speed and fights Love, who has also inhaled Speed, and manages to get her fingerprint before collapsing after the drug's effect wears off. On regaining consciousness, he finds out that Love has already left for India.


title: Iru Mugan

text: It is shown that Akhilan used Silica gel to get Love's fingerprints. He then uses the fingerprints to open the kill switch activation device, deactivates Meera's kill switch and kills all of Love's henchmen, including those piloting the plane. The plane crashes into a remote jungle, killing Love, destroying the Speed shipments, and averting a major terrorist attack. One month later, Akhilan and Meera are seen enjoying a holiday cruise sponsored by the Government of Malaysia as a reward for killing Love. After discussing their future plans, Akhilan reveals that he had kept a Speed inhaler and inhales it.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Director Anand Shankar and Vikram were first announced to be collaborating in October 2014, with producer S. Thanu financing the venture. Anand Shankar completed the script throughout early 2015 and toured Malaysia to find locations, while Vikram completed his other projects.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Kajal Aggarwal and Priya Anand were signed on to portray the lead actresses, while Manush Nandan and Anirudh Ravichander were approached to be the film's cinematographer and compose the film's music, respectively. The project was titled as "Marma Manithan" and was reported to begin shooting in Malaysia from June 2015. Instead, production disputes took place during June 2015 after Ayngaran International also announced their interest in producing the film, with Thanu attempting to hand over the rights of the film. Priya Anand also opted out of the film, with Bindu Madhavi announced as her replacement. The ongoing changes subsequently stopped the team from beginning their shoot in Malaysia during July 2015, and the production was stalled. The delays meant that Vikram stopped waiting for the makers to begin work, changed his specially-prepared facial hair and went back to add finishing touches to his other ongoing project, "10 Endrathukulla" (2015).


title: Iru Mugan

text: Ayngaran International backed out of the film in November 2015, prompting Anand Shankar to re-approach different producers to find new funding for the project. Later on in the month, Shibu Thameens agreed to produce the film and announced that the film would finally begin its first schedule in Malaysia during December 2015. The change of producer also meant significant changes were made to the cast and crew of the film, with Kajal Aggarwal dropped for Nayanthara. Bindu Madhavi was left out of the new team, while the makers discussed the secondary lead role with actresses Nithya Menen and Parvathy Thiruvothu, before Menen was selected. Likewise, R. D. Rajasekhar and Suresh Selvarajan were brought on board to handle the film's cinematography and art direction, respectively.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Harris Jayaraj was also subsequently confirmed as the film's music composer, and marked a return to signing films after taking a brief sabbatical actress Kalyani Priyadarshan worked as a production designer for the film.


title: Iru Mugan

text: The film was launched in December 2015, and it was revealed that the film would be shot in Chennai, Ladakh, Bangkok and Malaysia. The project was also retitled as "Iru Mugan" and a first look poster was released in early January 2016. In early 2016, the team shot two schedules in Malaysia and then in Chennai, before Anand Shankar headed to Kashmir to scout for further locations. A third schedule was completed in Chennai during March 2016.


title: Iru Mugan

text: Harris Jayaraj composed the film's soundtrack and score, in which the film, marks his sixth collaboration with Vikram. The lyrics for the songs were written by Madhan Karky, Thamarai and Kavithai Gunder Emcee Jesz. The first song, "Halena", featuring Vikram and Nayanthara, was shot in various locations around Bangkok on April–May 2016. The second song, "Oh Maya", which also features the lead pair once again, were shot on mid-May 2016 in Kashmir, where a subsequent portion of the song was shot in Ladakh on June. The recording process for the songs were completed within July 2016. Sony Music acquired the audio rights of the film. The tracklist was released on 11 August 2016, which features five songs in the album, where one was a theme song. The full album was released on 14 August 2016 at a launch event held at Sathyam Cinemas, Chennai.


title: Iru Mugan

text: The album received mixed reviews. Behindwoods.com rated the soundtrack album 2.75 out of 5, stating that "Iru Mugan is a pleasant rendition of HJ's hip-hop style sounds that deserve a couple of slots in one's playlist". Indiaglitz rated the album 3 out of 5 and summarised that "Harris brings back the stylish quotient in IM by infusing youthful beats." Sify rated the album 4.25/5 reviewing that "This is vintage Harris delivering a mellifluous album!" Top10 Cinema reviewed it as a "Decent effort by Harris Jayaraj". Studioflicks rated it 3.25 out of 5, and reviewed it as "An assorted collection of Harris western melodies!" Moviecrow rated the album 3 out of 5, with a verdict "Harris Jayaraj brings his mojo back with the fresh highly stylized album devoid of deja-vu feel and the album surely stays in the top of the charts with couple of songs." The Times of India rated 2.5/5, stating "Except for two songs, Harris doesn't really make an impact with this album."


title: Iru Mugan

text: "Irumugan" was initially slated to release on 2 September 2016, coinciding with Ganesh Chathurthi festival, but was pushed to 8 September 2016. This film, however did not release in Karnataka, due to the Bandh called by Karnataka Rakshana Vedhike, and also decided not to release any Tamil films on the state, because of the Kaveri river water dispute, which also affected several other Tamil films such as "Thodari", "Remo", "Rekka" and "Devi" as the films do not have a theatrical release in Karnataka.


title: Iru Mugan

text: In 2017, Zee Network bought the Tamil satellite rights and the Hindi dubbing rights of the film, and released the film in Hindi as "International Rowdy".


title: Iru Mugan

text: M Suganth, from "The Times of India" rated 3.5 out of 5 stars, stating that "If Anand Shankar's previous film Arima Nambi had echoes of K. Bhagyaraj's "Rudhra", the set-up of Iru Mugan recalls that of Kamal Haasan's "Vikram"." Behindwoods.com rated it 3.5 out of 5 stars, stating that "Vikram in full form, technically strong too. But script and logic could have been handled better."


title: Iru Mugan

text: The film was made with a budget of and collected around and was a commercial success at the box office.


title: American Satan

text: American Satan is a 2017 American supernatural musical thriller film directed by Ash Avildsen, who also wrote the screenplay with Marty Beckerman. It was released in theaters on Friday October 13, 2017 and stars Andy Biersack, Ben Bruce, Drake Bell, Denise Richards, Malcolm McDowell, Booboo Stewart, and Tori Black. The film marked Larry King's final film role before his death in January 2021. It won an award for Best Narrative Feature at the 2017 Oceanside International Film Festival.


title: American Satan

text: The Relentless are an aspiring rock band, half from England and half from the US, who all move to Los Angeles to become famous. The band's vocalist, Johnny Faust, lives in Columbus, Ohio with his mother and his girlfriend Gretchen. After moving to Los Angeles they hold auditions for a bassist, and choose a woman, Lily. While leaving a liquor store, some of the members encounter a homeless man who tells them to rely on feeling more than perception. Moments later, the band is accosted by another man who implies he is the Devil and can make them stars if they perform a human sacrifice. Lily tells Johnny that her ex-band member Damien raped her the night she left the band. Johnny learns his mother has breast cancer and cannot afford treatment. Damien insults Johnny's mother, so the band decides to sacrifice Damien. They lock him in a van and set it aflame, but Johnny has a change of heart and lets Damien out. Damien climbs an electrical fence and dies from electrocution.


title: American Satan

text: The Relentless get a record deal and record an album, called "American Satan". They go on tour. In Kansas, a bar fight results in the death of a man, and Johnny is arrested. He goes on trial and is acquitted. This inspires The Relentless's fans to confront their bullies, leading to more deaths, all blamed on the band.


title: American Satan

text: Johnny and Gretchen try to maintain their long-distance relationship, but matters are complicated when Johnny and Lily sleep together. At the same time, Ricky overdoses on cocaine and dies. This leads to Leo heavily using alcohol and pills. Gretchen dumps Johnny, and he turns to heroin and sex with Lily to try to cope. A fan's mother gets Johnny to take her teen daughter's virginity; he does, while Dylan has sex with the mother. They later learn that the girl's dad killed himself because of this. Johnny overdoses on heroin and almost dies, but is revived by a paramedic - the homeless man the group encountered outside the liquor store. Johnny goes to rehab. Lily refuses to go to rehab and disappears. "American Satan" is well-received and tops the charts. The band performs more shows and receive a lot of adoration but also a lot of backlash, leading them to almost quit the music industry.


title: American Satan

text: The band is successful, and Johnny's mother receives treatment for her cancer, which goes into remission. Johnny tries to get back together with Gretchen to no avail. The Relentless land a gig at a music festival but the Devil says that they have to kill a man during their performance, though he intends to make it look like part of the concert. The night of the show, Lily returns. A moment later, the Devil appears in the guise of Johnny's mother's new boyfriend, and when the band goes on stage and performs, Johnny takes the gun and first holds it to his head before shooting and killing the Devil. He is arrested. While in prison, Johnny is visited by the archangel Gabriel - the homeless man. He tells Johnny he has a choice in his future and to go with his feelings. He is also visited by Gretchen who tells Johnny she still loves him. She brings with her a lawyer, Damien's father. The lawyer gets Johnny off on a technicality.


title: American Satan

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 78% based on reviews from nine critics, with an average rating of 8/10.


title: American Satan

text: Emilie Black of "Cinema Crazed" gave the film 4 out of 5 and wrote: ""American Satan" is a film it might take time for fans to discover but it will more than likely get a following in the next few years."


title: American Satan

text: Bobby LePire of Film Threat gave it a grade of A- and wrote: ""American Satan" doesn't put enough time toward one of the most crucial relationships in the movie for it to work. But the acting is excellent, the directing is stylized and energetic, the characters are interesting, the ending is remarkable."


title: American Satan

text: Kaitlyn Tiffany of "The Verge" gave it a negative review: "In the space of 90 minutes, it captures some of the worst acting ever committed to film..." saying that star Andy Biersack has no acting ability whatsoever.


title: American Satan

text: A TV series spin-off, "Paradise City", was announced as a continuation of the film. Andy Biersack and Ben Bruce along with other cast members reprise their roles from the film. Cameron Boyce makes a posthumous appearance in the show playing the role of Simon. Kellin Quinn of the band Sleeping With Sirens is to also appear in the show, as is Randy Blythe of Lamb of God and Sid Wilson of Slipknot.


title: American Satan

text: The first season of the show has eight episodes. A teaser was released on May 1 and the official trailer was posted onto the Sumerian Records YouTube channel on December 10, 2020. The series was released on Amazon Prime Video on March 25, 2021, while also being available to purchase on other platforms.


title: Chris Godwin

text: Rod Christopher Godwin Jr. (born February 27, 1996) is an American football wide receiver for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Penn State and was drafted by the Buccaneers in the third round of the 2017 NFL Draft.


title: Chris Godwin

text: Godwin attended Middletown High School in Middletown, Delaware. He played high school football for the Cavaliers and was a key member responsible for a 41–7 record over his four years and two State Championships. He had more than 700 yards every year of his high school career and as a senior had 1,150 yards and 16 receiving touchdowns. Some of Godwin's honors in high school were the following, Delaware Gatorade Player of the Year as a senior, was selected to play in the 2013 Under Armour All-American Game, named All-state as a sophomore, junior and senior and four time All-conference wide receiver and kick returner. Academic All-State selection and a member of the Honor Roll. Rated a four-star prospect by all four major recruiting services and was named the top player in Delaware by ESPN, Rivals.com and 247Sports.com and was among the top 30 players nationally at wide receiver, receiving the distinction from ESPN, Rivals.com and 247Sports.com.


title: Chris Godwin

text: In Godwin's freshman year, he appeared in all thirteen games for the Nittany Lions, recording 338 yards on 26 receptions. However, Godwin emerged as a leading wide receiver during his sophomore campaign, racking up 1,101 yards and five touchdowns. Over the course of his sophomore season, Godwin had at least 100 yards receiving in five games, culminating in a 133-yard effort during the TaxSlayer Bowl against Georgia.


title: Chris Godwin

text: Following his breakout sophomore season, Godwin began receiving double coverage from opposing defenses. After struggling to find his stride at the start of his junior season, Godwin finished with 117 yards receiving and a touchdown against the Temple Owls. In what proved to be his final game as a Nittany Lion, Godwin recorded a career-high 187 yards on nine catches and scored two touchdowns in a thrilling Rose Bowl loss to USC. Later that month Godwin announced he was going to declare for the 2017 NFL Draft.


title: Chris Godwin

text: On January 5, 2017 Godwin announced via his Twitter that he decided to enter the 2017 NFL Draft, forgoing his final year of eligibility at Penn State.


title: Chris Godwin

text: In March 2017, Godwin performed well at the 2017 NFL Combine, having one of the top vertical jumps and 40-yard dash time among wide receivers. Additionally, he was the top performer in both the bench press with 19 reps and 20-yard shuttle with 4 flat. Due to his success at the combine, he was interviewed there by multiple teams including the Philadelphia Eagles, Chicago Bears, Tampa Bay Buccaneers and San Francisco 49ers, among others.


title: Chris Godwin

text: Godwin was selected by the Buccaneers in the third round with the 84th overall pick in the draft. During Week 3 against the Minnesota Vikings, he had his first three career receptions, which went for 44 yards in the 34–17 loss. Due to the likes of DeSean Jackson and Mike Evans, in the first eight weeks of 2017, Godwin had just seven receptions on ten targets. However, his workload picked up in the final eight weeks. During Week 10, he had 68 yards on five receptions in a win 15–10 against the New York Jets and in Week 14, he had the same numbers in a 24–21 loss to the Detroit Lions. In the regular season finale against the New Orleans Saints, Godwin caught nine passes for 111 yards and a touchdown as the Buccaneers won 31–24, earning him NFC Offensive Player of the Week.


title: Chris Godwin

text: Godwin started the 2018 season off strong with a receiving touchdown in the first three games of the season against the New Orleans Saints, Philadelphia Eagles, and Pittsburgh Steelers. During Week 10 against the Washington Redskins, he had seven receptions for 103 yards in a 16–3 loss. In Week 13, he had five receptions for 101 yards and a touchdown in a 24–17 victory over the Carolina Panthers. He closed out the regular season strong with six receptions for 114 receiving yards and two touchdowns against the Atlanta Falcons in Week 17.


title: Chris Godwin

text: In the season-opener against the San Francisco 49ers, Godwin caught three passes for 53 yards and a touchdown in the 31–17 loss. In the next game against the Carolina Panthers, he caught eight passes for 121 yards and a touchdown in the 20–14 road victory. Two weeks later against the Los Angeles Rams, he recorded a career-high 12 catches for 172 yards and two touchdowns as the Buccaneers defeated the Rams on the road 55–40. Godwin followed up his big performance in the next game against the New Orleans Saints, catching seven passes for 125 yards and two touchdowns in a 31–24 road loss. In the next game against the Panthers in London, he caught ten passes for 151 yards in the 37–26 loss. During Week 12 against the Atlanta Falcons, Godwin recorded a career long 71-yard touchdown reception from quarterback Jameis Winston in route to a career-best 184 yards and two touchdowns in a 35–22 road victory. With that performance, Godwin recorded his first season with at least 1,000 receiving yards. Godwin was named NFC Offensive Player of the Week due to his spectacular performance. In Week 15, during a 38–17 win against the Detroit Lions, Godwin caught five passes for 121 yards but injured his hamstring during the third quarter and left the game. On December 17, 2019, Godwin was selected to the 2020 Pro Bowl, the first of his career.


title: Chris Godwin

text: Godwin finished his third season setting new career highs in receptions, receiving yards, and touchdowns with 86 receptions for 1,333 yards and nine touchdowns. He was ranked 38th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2020.


title: Chris Godwin

text: For the 2020 season, Godwin gave up his jersey number 12 to new teammate Tom Brady and switched to number 14.


title: Chris Godwin

text: During the season-opener against the New Orleans Saints, Godwin recorded six receptions for 79 yards but suffered a concussion from a hit by safety D. J. Swearinger which forced him to exit the eventual 34-23 road loss and miss the following week. Godwin returned in Week 3 against the Denver Broncos, in which he recorded five receptions for 64 yards and a touchdown, his first from new Buccaneers quarterback Tom Brady. However, Godwin left the eventual 28-10 road victory with a hamstring injury. He ended up missing the next two games. During a Week 8 45-20 road victory over the Las Vegas Raiders, Godwin recorded nine catches for 88 yards and a touchdown but suffered a fracture to his left index finger while making the touchdown catch. He underwent surgery two days later and would miss the next game. During Week 12, Godwin hauled in 8 of 9 targets for 97 yards as the Buccaneers narrowly lost, 27–24, to their eventual Super Bowl opponent, the Kansas City Chiefs. During a Week 16 47–7 road victory over the Detroit Lions, he recorded five catches for 84 yards and a touchdown. In the regular-season finale against the Atlanta Falcons, Godwin recorded five catches for 133 yards and two touchdowns in the 44–27 victory.


title: Chris Godwin

text: Godwin finished the regular season with 65 receptions for 840 yards and seven touchdowns in 12 games and starts. He was ranked 81st by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2021.


title: Chris Godwin

text: In the of the 2020–21 NFL playoffs against the Washington Football Team, Godwin recorded five catches for 79 yards and his first playoff touchdown during the 31–23 road victory. During the against the Saints, he was held to four catches for 34 yards in a 30–20 road victory. In the against the Green Bay Packers, Godwin recorded five catches for 110 yards and a six-yard rush as the Buccaneers defeated the Packers on the road by a score of 31–26 to advance to Super Bowl LV. During the Super Bowl, he recorded two catches for nine yards as the Buccaneers beat the Chiefs by a score of 31-9.


title: Chris Godwin

text: On March 9, 2021, the Buccaneers placed the franchise tag (worth $15.9 million) on Godwin, which he signed on March 18.


title: Chris Godwin

text: During the season-opening 31–29 victory over the Dallas Cowboys, Godwin recorded nine catches for 105 yards and a touchdown, including a critical 24–yard reception on Tampa's final offensive possession to put them within range for kicker Ryan Succop to kick a game-winning 36–yard field goal. In the next game against the Atlanta Falcons, Godwin recorded four receptions for 62 yards and a touchdown as the Buccaneers won by a score of 48-25. The following week against the Los Angeles Rams, Godwin had six receptions for 74 yards as well as a carry for two yards and his first career rushing touchdown. During a Week 7 38–3 victory over the Chicago Bears, he recorded eight receptions for 111 yards and a touchdown. In the next game against the New Orleans Saints, Godwin recorded eight receptions for 140 yards and a touchdown during the 36-27 road loss. During a Week 11 30–10 victory over the New York Giants, Godwin recorded six receptions for 65 yards and a touchdown to go along with a seven-yard carry. During a Week 13 30–17 road victory over the Falcons, Godwin recorded a career-best and franchise record-setting 15 receptions for 143 yards as well as a nine-yard carry.


title: Chris Godwin

text: On December 19, 2021, Godwin tore his ACL and sprained his MCL in the Buccaneers' Week 15 9-0 shutout loss against the New Orleans Saints, prematurely ending his season. Godwin finished the season with 98 catches for 1,103 yards and five touchdowns to go along with four carries for 21 yards and a touchdown.


title: Chris Godwin

text: On March 9, 2022, the Buccaneers placed the franchise tag on Godwin for the second consecutive season. A week later, Godwin and the Buccaneers agreed to a three-year deal worth $60 million, with $40 million guaranteed at signing.


title: Chris Godwin

text: In 2019, Godwin and his wife (then fiancée) Mariah DelPercio launched their Team Godwin Foundation which aims to make an impact for pets in need by providing financial assistance to local shelter and rescue groups.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: Dschinghis Khan (; "Genghis Khan") was a German Eurodisco pop band. It was originally formed in Munich in 1979 to compete in the Eurovision Song Contest with their song "Dschinghis Khan". The original group led by original members Henriette Strobel and Edina Pop ended in 2020 after the death of fellow member Johannes Kupreit, while a more current version of the group led by original member Wolfgang Heichel and Stefan Track (who replaced the deceased Louis Potgieter in the 2005 reunion concert) has been active since 2018.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: Dschinghis Khan is managed by German producer Ralph Siegel and choreographed by Hannes Winkler, one of the most famous German choreographs during that time. Their original eponymous song was written and produced by Siegel with lyrics by Bernd Meinunger and came in fourth place at the Eurovision Song Contest 1979 in Jerusalem. Their name is a possible German spelling (most usual is "Dschingis Khan") of the name of the historical figure Genghis Khan of the Mongol Empire. The only native Germans in the group were the bald-headed Karl-Heinz "Steve" Bender and Wolfgang Heichel, who brought his Dutch-born wife Henriette ( Strobel) with him. Louis Hendrik Potgieter (Genghis Khan) was South African. Edina Pop (Marika Késmárky) was a Hungarian who had started her singing career in West Germany in 1969. Leslie Mándoki, also Hungarian, had left Hungary in 1975.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: In 1979, the group released the singles "Dschinghis Khan" and "Moskau". A year later, the English version of "Moskau" topped the charts in Australia for six weeks, largely thanks to Seven Network using the song as the theme music for coverage of the 1980 Summer Olympics. In an interview with Russian television presenter Alexandra Glotova, the producer of the group Dschinghis Khan, Heinz Gross, said that in the 1980s, the group was banned in the Soviet Union and was accused of anti-communism and nationalism.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: Following the success of the singles "Hadschi Halef Omar", "Rom", "Pistolero", and "Loreley", Dschinghis Khan underwent an image change, with their songs becoming more folk-oriented with their fourth album, "Helden, Schurken & der Dudelmoser". As a result, their popularity waned. The group released their fifth album, "Corrida", which served as the soundtrack to the musical of the same name by Siegel and Meinunger. After the release of the single "Mexico", Dschinghis Khan disbanded in 1985.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: Following Dschinghis Khan's disbandment, the members took different paths. Mándoki became a successful musician and producer while Pop pursued a solo singing career and Bender worked as a music producer. The success of the band eventually led to Wolfgang and Henriette's divorce in 1986, with Henriette reverting to her maiden name of Strobel.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: In 1986, the group reunited as "Dschinghis Khan Family", but only with original members Strobel on vocals, Mándoki on drums, and Potgieter on keyboards. The song "Wir gehör'n zusammen" led them to a national qualifying round of the Eurovision Song Contest, where they finished in second place.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: On 17 December 2005, Dschinghis Khan reunited at the Retro FM Festival in Moscow, with founding members Bender, Pop, Heichel, and Strobel joined by new members Stefan Track, Kaya Ebru, and Daniel Käsling. In May 2006, Bender died of cancer. The song "Wie Feuer im Wind" on the group's 2007 album "7 Leben" was dedicated to both Potgieter and Bender.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: In 2006, Track left the group and started his own solo project called Rocking Son. On July 15, Strobel, Heichel, and Pop were joined by the dance group The Legacy of Dschinghis Khan in a concert in Mongolia. The dance group consisted of Claus Kupreit, Corinna Günzel, Benjamin Schobel, Evi Weigand, Stefan Sauter, and Angelika Nimbach; Kurpreit would go on to become a permanent member of Dschinghis Khan. In 2014, Heichel left the group due to creative differences.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: In 2018, Dschinghis Khan re-recorded "Moskau" with new lyrics for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, which was hosted in Russia. For the German and English versions, the lead vocals were performed by former US5 member Jay Khan. Alexander Malinin and his daughter Ustinya performed the Russian version, titled "Moskva". The Spanish version, titled "Moscú", was performed by Jorge Jiménez and Marifer Medrano. At the same time, Heichel teamed up with Track to record the song "We Love Football". It was revealed that Heichel gained the rights to the Dschinghis Khan name in Germany and Spain. Strobel, Pop, Kupreit, and producer Heinz Gross also own the rights to the name Dschinghis Khan, with both group patents revealing the use of their own logos. As a result, there are two disco groups operating under the name Dschinghis Khan.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: On 12 September 2020, dancer and singer Johannes Kupreit died in a car accident in Germany. Tributes were paid from the members and Dschinghis Khan fans from around the world. By the end of 2020, Pop and Strobel retired from their band. Meanwhile, the Heichel and Track faction of Dschinghis Khan released the studio album "Here We Go", which is a mix of new songs and self-covers.


title: Dschinghis Khan

text: In July 2021, Siegel sued Heichel when the latter attempted to bar him from releasing the 2018 FIFA World Cup version of "Moskau" and claimed to have full ownership of the Dschinghis Khan name. The Munich Regional Court ruled in favor of Siegel and awarded him the trademark rights to the group, citing him as the group's original creator and producer and the group's prior disbandments did not affect his ownership rights.


title: Ball State University

text: Ball State University (Ball State, State or BSU) is a public research university in Muncie, Indiana. It has two satellite facilities in Fishers and Indianapolis.


title: Ball State University

text: On July 25, 1917, the Ball brothers, industrialists and founders of the Ball Corporation, acquired the foreclosed Indiana Normal Institute for $35,100 and gave the school and surrounding land to the State of Indiana. The Indiana General Assembly accepted the donation in the spring of 1918, with an initial 235 students enrolling at the Indiana State Normal School – Eastern Division on June 17, 1918.


title: Ball State University

text: Ball State is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The university is composed of seven academic colleges. , total enrollment was 21,597 students, including 15,205 undergraduates and 5,817 postgraduates. The university offers about 120 undergraduate majors and 130 minor areas of study and more than 100 master's, doctoral, certificate, and specialist degrees.


title: Ball State University

text: There are more than 400 student organizations and clubs on campus, including 31 fraternities and sororities. Ball State athletic teams compete in Division I of the NCAA and are known as the Ball State Cardinals. The university is a member of the Mid-American Conference and the Midwestern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association. In Fall 2020, the university formed a varsity esports team and joined the Esports Collegiate Conference.


title: Ball State University

text: The location of today's Ball State University had its start in 1899 as a private university called the Eastern Indiana Normal School. The entire school, including classrooms, a library, and the president's residence were housed in what is today's Frank A. Bracken Administration Building. The one-building school had a peak enrollment of 256 and charged $10 for a year's tuition. It operated until the spring of 1901, when it was closed by its president, F.A.Z. Kumler, due to lack of funding. A year later, in the autumn of 1902, the school reopened as Palmer University for the next three years when Francis Palmer, a retired Indiana banker, gave the school a $100,000 endowment.


title: Ball State University

text: Between 1905 and 1907, the school dropped the Palmer name and operated as the Indiana Normal College. It had two divisions, the Normal School for educating teachers and the College of Applied Sciences. The school had an average enrollment of about 200 students. Due to diminishing enrollment and lack of funding, school president Francis Ingler closed Indiana Normal College at the end of the 1906–1907 school year. Between 1907 and 1912, the campus sat unused. In 1912, a group of local investors led by Michael Kelly reopened the school as the Indiana Normal Institute. To pay for updated materials and refurbishing the once-abandoned Administration Building, the school operated under a mortgage from the Muncie Trust Company. Although the school had its largest student body with a peak enrollment of 806, officials could not maintain mortgage payments, and the school was forced to close once again in June 1917 when the Muncie Trust Company initiated foreclosure proceedings.


title: Ball State University

text: On July 25, 1917, the Ball brothers, local industrialists and founders of the Ball Corporation, bought the Indiana Normal Institute from foreclosure. The Ball brothers also founded Ball Memorial Hospital and Minnetrista, and were the benefactors of Keuka College, founded by their uncle, George Harvey Ball. For $35,100, the Ball brothers bought the Administration Building and surrounding land. In early 1918, during the Indiana General Assembly's short session, state legislators accepted the gift of the school and land by the Ball brothers. The state granted operating control of the Muncie campus and school buildings to the administrators of the Indiana State Normal School in Terre Haute. That same year, the Marion Normal Institute relocated to Muncie, adding its resources to what would officially be named the Indiana State Normal School – Eastern Division. An initial 235 students enrolled on June 17, 1918, with William W. Parsons assuming the role as the first president of the university.


title: Ball State University

text: The close relationship between the Balls and the school led to an unofficial moniker for the college, with many students, faculty, and local politicians casually referring to the school as "Ball State," a shorthand alternative to its longer, official name. During the 1922 short session of the Indiana legislature, the state renamed the school as Ball Teachers College. This was in recognition of the Ball family's continuing beneficence to the institution. During this act, the state also reorganized its relationship with Terre Haute and established a separate local board of trustees for the Muncie campus. In 1924, Ball Teachers College's trustees hired Benjamin J. Burris as the successor to President Linnaeus N. Hines. The Ball brothers continued giving to the university and partially funded the construction of the Science Hall (now called Burkhardt Building) in 1924 and an addition to Ball Gymnasium in 1925. By the 1925–1926 school year, Ball State enrollment reached 991 students: 697 women and 294 men. Based on the school's close relationship with the Ball Corporation, a long-running nickname for the school was "Fruit Jar Tech."


title: Ball State University

text: During the regular legislative session of 1929, the General Assembly nominally separated the Terre Haute and Muncie campuses of the state teachers college system, but it placed the governing of the Ball State campus under the Indiana State Teachers College Board of Trustees based in Terre Haute. With this action, the school was renamed Ball State Teachers College. The following year, enrollment increased to 1,118, with 747 female and 371 male students.


title: Ball State University

text: In 1935, the school added the Fine Arts Building for art, music, and dance instruction. Enrollment that year reached 1,151: 723 women and 428 men. As an expression of the many gifts from the Ball family since 1917, sculptor Daniel Chester French was commissioned by Muncie's chamber of commerce to cast a bronze fountain figure to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Ball brothers' gift to the state. His creation, the statue "Beneficence," still stands today between the Administration Building and Lucina Hall where Talley Avenue ends at University Avenue.


title: Ball State University

text: Ball State, like the rest of the nation, was affected by the onset of World War II. There were several dramatic changes on Ball State's campus during World War II. In 1939 Ball State began its Civilian Pilot Training program which had popular enrollment. This program allowed students and local resident to learn to fly, instructed by the Muncie Aviation Company. By the Fall of 1941 Ball State reached its peak enrollment to this point of 1,588 students. When the United States entered the war, Ball State like many other college campuses, saw a decline in male enrollment. At this time Ball State partnered with the United States military and established two training programs on campus, the Army Specialized Training Program and Navy V-1 Program. Each of these programs encouraged male enrollment in the college that also trained them to go on as pilots in the military service.


title: Ball State University

text: Ball State students and staff also contributed to the war effort by supporting the troops abroad. Students and staff led by Sherly DeMotte, a member of the English faculty, wrote dozens of letters to Ball State students and staff serving overseas. By 1943 a dozen students from Ball State had become war casualties. To bring awareness to their service, in 1943 the War Morale Committee headed by Dr. LaFollette in collaboration with the class of 1943, dedicated the Roll of Honor in April. This memorial wall listed the names of all those who served during the war. By the War's end, forty-eight students had given their lives in the service and Ball State had trained more than 1,200 pilots in their training program. Those who paid the ultimate sacrifice were honored by Ball State in 1946 in their "Gold Star Memorial Service" in which surviving family members of those students were invited to the school and honored by students and staff.


title: Ball State University

text: In 1961, Ball State became independent of The Indiana State University through the creation of the Ball State College Board of Trustees. The official name of the school was also changed to Ball State College. The Indiana General Assembly approved the development of a state-assisted architecture program, establishing the College of Architecture and Planning, which opened on March 23, 1965. The Center for Radio and Television (now named the College of Communication, Information, and Media) opened the following year, in 1966.


title: Ball State University

text: Recognizing the college's expanding academic curriculum and growing enrollment (10,066 students), the General Assembly approved renaming the school to Ball State University in 1965. Most of the university's largest residence halls were completed during this period of high growth, including DeHority Complex (1960), Noyer Complex (1962), Studebaker Complex (1965), LaFollette Complex (1967), and Johnson Complex (1969). Academic and athletic buildings, including Irving Gymnasium (1962), Emens Auditorium (1964), Cooper Science Complex (1967), Scheumann Stadium (1967), Carmichael Hall (1969), Teachers College Building (1969), Pruis Hall (1972), and Bracken Library (1974), also expanded the university's capacity and educational opportunities.


title: Ball State University

text: The university experienced another building boom beginning in the 2000s, with the openings of the Art and Journalism Building (2001), Shafer Tower (2001), the Music Instruction Building (2004), the David Letterman Communication and Media Building (2007), Park Hall (2007), Kinghorn Hall (2010), Marilyn K. Glick Center for Glass (2010), and the Student Recreation and Wellness Center (2010).


title: Ball State University

text: Under the university's 14th president, Dr. Jo Ann Gora, over $520 million was committed to new construction and renovation projects throughout the Ball State campus. Within the last decade, Ball State University adopted Education Redefined as its motto, focusing on "immersive learning" with the goal of engaging students across all academic programs in real-world projects. To date, there have been over 1,250 immersive learning projects, impacting residents in all of Indiana's 92 counties under the mentoring of faculty from every academic department.


title: Ball State University

text: The university has also adopted environmental sustainability as a primary component to the university's strategic plan and vision. Starting in the mid-2000s, all building additions and renovations are designed to meet Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification standards. Ball State announced in 2009 that it would begin construction on the largest geothermal energy conversion project in U.S. history.


title: Ball State University

text: The university was defendant in the U.S. Supreme Court case "Vance v. Ball State University", which dealt with who can be regarded as a "supervisor" for the purposes of harassment lawsuits. The case was argued November 26, 2012. In a 5–4 decision, the court ruled in favor of Ball State on June 24, 2013.


title: Ball State University

text: Ball State University's campus spans and includes 109 buildings at centered mostly on two main quadrangles. (The university also has just over 400 additional acres of research property.) The original quadrangle, "Old Quad," anchors the south end of campus and includes most of the university's earliest academic buildings, Christy Woods, and the Wheeler-Thanhauser Orchid Collection and Species Bank. The focal points of the Old Quad are "Beneficence" and the Fine Arts Building, home to the David Owsley Museum of Art since 1935. The museum contains some 11,000 works valued at more than $40 million. The museum expanded its total exhibition space in 2013 from . The Fine Arts Terrace, overlooking the Old Quad, hosts the annual spring commencement ceremonies. The newer quadrangle is located to the north and consists of a variety of modern buildings (1960–present), with such landmarks as Bracken Library, Emens Auditorium, and the Frog Baby Fountain, located on University Green. Shafer Tower is the focal point of the new quadrangle. Located in the median of McKinley Avenue, Shafer Tower is a free-standing bell tower with a 48-bell carillon. McKinley Avenue, which runs north-south through campus, acts as a spine or axis of activity connecting the two main quadrangles. The Scramble Light at the intersection of Riverside and McKinley is a pedestrian scramble that halts vehicular traffic in 30-second sequences, allowing pedestrians to cross the intersection in every direction, including diagonally.


title: Ball State University

text: A campus master plan calls for the creation of an East Academic Quad, which will focus on the Health Professions Building, opened Fall 2019, and a Foundational Sciences Building, expected to open Summer 2021. The North Residence Hall and North Dining Hall both opened in fall 2020 as part of the master plans North Residential Neighborhood. Other details of the plan include developing a new east mall, activating University Green, preserving and enhancing the Old Quad, engaging the Village, consolidating recreation, and enhancing athletics.


title: Ball State University

text: Most of Ball State University's athletic facilities and intramural fields are located on the northernmost portion of campus near the intersection of McGalliard Road and Tillotson Avenue. These include First Merchants Ballpark Complex (Ball Diamond and Softball Field), Briner Sports Complex, Fisher Football Training Complex, and the 22,500-seat Scheumann Stadium, home to Ball State Cardinals football. The 11,500-seat John E. Worthen Arena anchors the central campus athletic facilities, including the Field Sports Building, the Health and Physical Activity Building, Lewellen Aquatic Center, and the Jo Ann Gora Student Recreation and Wellness Center. Other facilities include the Cardinal Creek Tennis Center and Lucina Tennis Courts. In January 2018, the Earl Yestingsmeier Golf Practice Facility opened after a year of construction. The 6400 square foot facility features a state of the art 20' x 20' digital simulator.


title: Ball State University

text: York Prairie Creek, also known as Cardinal Creek, begins at the pond outside Park Hall on campus, winding northwest connecting to the Duck Pond before heading west toward the White River. The university's campus includes nearly 8,000 trees of about 625 species.


title: Ball State University

text: The university provides free shuttle service each semester. Shuttles run on red, green, and blue loops every five to ten minutes, Monday through Thursday, from 7:15 am to 11:00 pm (7:15 am to 8:00 pm on Fridays), and every ten to 15 minutes on Sundays from 5:00 pm to 11:00 pm. Muncie Indiana Transit System (MITS) also provides free bus service to students on local routes, particularly on Routes 1, 2, 14, and 16 which run through campus.


title: Ball State University

text: Most campus facilities feature red or brown brick façades with the exceptions of Elliott and Pruis Halls, each made of Indiana limestone. Completed in 1899 as the university's first building, the Frank A. Bracken Administration Building was built in Neoclassical style with a yellow brick façade. Most campus facilities built prior to 1960 feature Collegiate Gothic architecture, including Ball Gymnasium, Burris Laboratory School, Fine Arts Building, and L. A. Pittenger Student Center. Other examples include Burkhardt Building, North Quad Building, and Lucina Hall.


title: Ball State University

text: Several modern campus buildings (early-1960s to early-1980s) have been built in Brutalist architecture, embracing blank walls and exposed concrete. Examples of this style include the Architecture Building, Bracken Library, and Whitinger Business Building. The Teachers College Building, built in 1968, is the tallest building on campus, at 10 floors and .


title: Ball State University

text: Recent building additions and expansions (early-1990s to present) have shied away from Brutalist designs, and instead, have been built to respect the scale and style of the university's older Collegiate Gothic buildings. While red and brown brick accented by limestone has remained the favored façade materials, large windows have become more commonplace in buildings constructed since the late-1990s to emphasize natural lighting. Examples of this architecture include the Alumni Center, Art and Journalism Building, Music Instruction Building, and the David Letterman Communication and Media Building.


title: Ball State University

text: Ball State has adopted environmental sustainability as a primary component to the university's strategic plan and vision. Starting in the mid-2000s, all building additions and renovations are designed to meet Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification standards. Standards include environmentally-friendly site selection, energy and water efficiency, materials selection, and indoor environmental quality, among others. The university diverts 20 percent of its waste from landfills through recycling efforts and also invests in hybrid vehicles, hybrid-electric shuttle buses, and vehicles that use E85.