title: Raheem Mostert

text: In May 2012, Mostert was named to the preseason Jet Award watch list, an award given to the top return specialist in the NCAA. During spring practice, he was named a captain for the 2012 season. In the 2012 season, Mostert finished with 16 carries for 85 yards and a touchdown to go along with 18 kick returns for 463 yards. In the 2013 season, Mostert finished with 11 carries for 37 yards to go along with 11 kick returns for 258 yards and a touchdown, which was a 100-yarder against Penn State. His role expanded in the 2014 season. Mostert finished with 93 carries for 529 yards and three touchdowns to go along with 34 kick returns for 731 yards.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: After going undrafted during the 2015 NFL Draft, Mostert signed as an undrafted free agent with the Philadelphia Eagles. Mostert had an excellent preseason; between his 157 rushing yards and 191 receiving yards, totaling for 351 yards, Mostert led the NFL in yards from the line of scrimmage in the preseason. He also added in five kick returns for 162 yards. Despite this effort, Mostert was ultimately cut on September 4, 2015, in preparation for the Eagles having to cut their roster down to 53, but he was signed to the Eagles’ practice squad two days later.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On September 14, 2015, the Miami Dolphins signed Mostert off the Eagles practice squad. He returned two kicks for 57 yards for the Dolphins during a Week 2 23-20 road loss to the Jacksonville Jaguars. On October 13, 2015, Mostert was released by the Dolphins in hopes of moving him down to practice squad.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On October 14, 2015, Mostert was signed by the Baltimore Ravens after losing third-string running back, Lorenzo Taliaferro to a season-ending foot injury. Mostert returned five kicks for 164 yards in seven games with the Ravens. On December 15, 2015, he was cut by the Ravens in hopes of putting him on practice squad; however, Mostert did not clear waivers and was placed on the Browns 53-man roster.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On December 16, 2015, Mostert was claimed off waivers by the Cleveland Browns. He was named the starting kick returner for the Browns' final three games and returned 12 kicks for 309 yards.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: Mostert signed the Browns' one-year tender offer on March 7, 2016. On September 4, 2016, he was waived by the Browns to make room for players claimed off waivers.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On September 6, 2016, Mostert was signed to the New York Jets practice squad, but was released six days later.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On September 13, 2016, Mostert was signed to the Bears' practice squad. On September 21, he was elevated to the active roster. Mostert appeared in two games with the Bears in the 2016 season. He was released on October 3, 2016, and re-signed to the practice squad the next day. Mostert was released by the Bears on November 24, 2016.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On November 28, 2016, Mostert was signed to the 49ers' practice squad. He was promoted to the active roster on December 31, 2016. Mostert played in the regular-season finale against the Seattle Seahawks, which the 49ers narrowly lost by a score of 25-23.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On November 29, 2017, Mostert was placed on injured reserve. He finished the 2017 season with six carries for 30 rushing yards and 83 return yards in 11 games.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: Mostert played very sparingly in the first five games of the 2018 season. However, his role increased starting in Week 6. Against the Green Bay Packers on "Monday Night Football", Mostert had 12 carries for 87 yards in the narrow 33–30 road loss. He added 59 rushing yards in the next game against the Los Angeles Rams, which the 49ers lost 39-10. Two weeks later against the Oakland Raiders on "Thursday Night Football", Mostert had seven carries for 86 yards and scored his first NFL touchdown on a 52-yard rush in the third quarter before leaving the eventual 34-3 victory with a fractured forearm. He was placed on injured reserve on November 2, 2018.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: Mostert finished the 2018 season with 34 carries for 261 yards and a touchdown to go along with six receptions for 25 yards in nine games and no starts.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: During a Week 2 41-17 road victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, Mostert had 13 carries for 83 yards to go along with three receptions for 68 yards and his first receiving touchdown of his career on a 39-yard screen pass from Jimmy Garoppolo. During a Week 8 51-13 victory over the Carolina Panthers, Mostert scored his first rushing touchdown of the season on a 41-yard rush in the fourth quarter. Mostert finished the game with nine carries for 60 yards and the aforementioned touchdown. During a Week 12 37-8 victory against the Green Bay Packers, he had six carries for 45 yards and a touchdown to go along with a 22-yard reception. In the next game against the Baltimore Ravens, Mostert had 19 carries for 146 yards and a 40-yard touchdown to go along with two receptions for eight yards as the 49ers narrowly lost on the road by a score of 20-17. The following week against the New Orleans Saints, Mostert rushed 10 times for 69 yards and a touchdown and caught two passes for 40 yards, including a 35-yard touchdown pass thrown by wide receiver Emmanuel Sanders in the narrow 48-46 road victory. Mostert recorded a rushing touchdown in each of the next two games against the Atlanta Falcons and Los Angeles Rams. In the regular-season finale against the Seattle Seahawks, Mostert had 10 carries for 57 yards and two touchdowns to go along with a 16-yard reception in the 26-21 road victory.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: Mostert finished the 2019 season with 137 carries for 772 yards and eight touchdowns along with 14 receptions for 180 yards and two touchdowns in 16 games and no starts.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: The 49ers began the postseason with a 27–10 victory over the Minnesota Vikings in the Divisional Round, where Mostert rushed 12 times for 58 yards and recovered a fumble lost by punt returner Marcus Sherels before leaving the game due to a calf injury. Mostert returned from injury in the 37–20 NFC Championship Game victory over the Green Bay Packers with 29 carries for a franchise postseason record of 220 yards and four touchdowns (second in franchise postseason history only to NFL record-holder Ricky Watters, and tied with LeGarrette Blount for second-most in NFL postseason history) to go along with two receptions for six yards. It was the second-most rushing yards in NFL postseason history to Eric Dickerson's 248 in 1986. During Super Bowl LIV against the Kansas City Chiefs, Mostert had 12 carries for 58 yards and a touchdown to go along with a two-yard reception in the 31–20 loss.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On July 8, 2020, Mostert requested a trade from the 49ers. He rescinded his request after securing a restructured contract with the 49ers on July 27.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: During the season-opening 24-20 loss to the Arizona Cardinals, Mostert had 15 carries for 56 yards to go along with four receptions for 95 yards and a 76-yard touchdown. In the next game against the New York Jets, he led the game off with an 80-yard rushing touchdown. Mostert finished with 92 rushing yards before leaving the eventual 31-13 road victory with an apparent injury after the first two quarters. Mostert was placed on injured reserve on October 24, 2020, with a high ankle sprain. He was activated on November 28, 2020. Mostert was placed back on injured reserve on December 25, 2020.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: Mostert finished the 2020 season with 104 carries for 521 yards and two touchdowns to go along with 16 receptions for 156 yards and a touchdown in eight games and starts.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: During the season-opener against the Detroit Lions, Mostert had two carries for 20 yards before leaving the eventual 41-33 road victory with an apparent knee injury. It was later revealed that he was diagnosed with significant cartilage damage in his knee. Mostert was originally slated to be out for at least eight weeks, but instead, it was later deemed that the injury was serious enough to prematurely end his season.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: On March 17, 2022, Mostert signed a one-year contract with the Dolphins. In Week 5, against the New York Jets, he had 18 carries for 113 rushing yards and one rushing touchdown in the 40–17 loss.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: Growing up in New Smyrna Beach, Florida, known as the "shark-bite capital of the world," Mostert often surfed in the Atlantic Ocean. He married Devon Beckwith on March 3, 2017. Their first child, Gunnar Grey, was born in June 2018.


title: Raheem Mostert

text: Mostert is an advocate for ocean conservancy and melanoma awareness. During his time with the 49ers, he kept a list of the teams that cut him before he signed with San Francisco and looked at it for motivation before every 49ers game.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow ( or ) is a large town in east London, England, within the ceremonial county of Greater London and the ancient county of Essex. Situated northeast of Charing Cross, the town borders Chingford to the north, Snaresbrook and South Woodford to the east, Leyton and Leytonstone to the south, and Tottenham to the west. At the 2011 census, the town had a population of approximately 109,424.


title: Walthamstow

text: Occupying most of the town's east-to-west High Street, Walthamstow Market is the longest outdoor market in Europe. East of the town centre is Walthamstow Village, the oldest part of Walthamstow, and the location of St Mary's Church, the town's parish church. To the north of the town is the former Walthamstow Stadium, which was considered an East End landmark. The William Morris Gallery in Forest Road, a museum that was once the family home of William Morris, is a Grade II* listed building. The town is served by five railway stations, including Walthamstow Central and Blackhorse Road—interchange stations on the Victoria line of the London Underground.


title: Walthamstow

text: The administrative centre of the London Borough of Waltham Forest, a local government district of Greater London, Walthamstow was a civil parish, originally part of the Becontree Hundred of Essex. Similar to much of south-west Essex, the town expanded rapidly in the 19th century, becoming a suburb in the urban area of London. It has formed part of the Metropolitan Police District since 1840, and the London postal district since its inception in 1856. The parish became a local board district in 1873, an urban district in 1894 and a municipal borough in 1929. Following reform of local government in London in 1965, it merged with the municipal boroughs of Chingford and Leyton to form the new Waltham Forest local authority district, moving from the administrative county of Essex to the newly-formed Greater London council area. The borough council is based at the former Walthamstow Town Hall in Forest Road.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow is recorded c. 1075 as "Wilcumestowe" ("the Place of Welcome") and in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Wilcumestou".


title: Walthamstow

text: The Domesday Book describes Wilcumestou as a manor owned by the Anglo-Saxon nobleman Earl Waltheof of Huntingdon and Northumbria before the Norman conquest of 1066. After the execution of Earl Waltheof, the property of the land passed to his wife, Countess Judith, also known as Judith of Lens, a niece of William the Conqueror. The Domesday Book records 36 villeins, 25 bordars and 4 slaves living in the manor in 1086. Alice, daughter of Earl Waltheof and Countess Judith, inherited Walthamstow. She married the Norman nobleman Ralph de Tosny or Toeni (also known as Raoul IV de Conches) in 1103. When her husband died, c., Alice gave the church of Walthamstow to the Priors of the Holy Trinity based in Aldgate, London.


title: Walthamstow

text: In the 1660s Sir William Batten, Surveyor of the Navy, and his wife Elizabeth Woodcocke had a house in Wood Street where, according to Samuel Pepys, Batten lived "like a prince" and cultivated a vineyard. The Vestry House, now the Vestry House Museum, was used as the first town hall.


title: Walthamstow

text: The influential textile designer and craftsman William Morris was born in Walthamstow in 1834. The Georgian mansion where he lived as a teenager houses the William Morris Gallery. By 1870 Walthamstow had grown to the size of a small suburb and a new town hall was built in Orford Road from which affairs of the village were run. A new town hall designed by architect Philip Dalton Hepworth in the Nordic Classical style was built between 1938 and 1942.


title: Walthamstow

text: Until the late 19th century Walthamstow was largely rural, with a small village centre (now Walthamstow Village) and a number of large estates. The main route through the district was Hoe Street. There were various smaller lanes crossing the town. The road now known as Forest Road was originally called Clay Street. Further south, the High Street was named Marsh Street, and led from the original settlement out to the marshes. Shernhall Street is an ancient route, as is Wood Street, to the east.


title: Walthamstow

text: With the advent of the railways and the ensuing suburbanisation in the late 19th century, Walthamstow experienced a large growth in population and speculative building.


title: Walthamstow

text: The Lighthouse Methodist Church which dates from 1893 is situated on Markhouse Road, on the corner of Downsfield Road. There is a lantern at the top of the tower, which also contains a spiral staircase. The church was erected because of the generosity of Captain David King of the shipbuilding firm of Bullard King & Co which also ran the Natal Direct Shipping Line, which ran ships direct from London to Durban without stopping at the Cape.


title: Walthamstow

text: In 1885, John Kemp Starley, originally from Church Hill in Walthamstow, designed the first modern bicycle, and in 1892, Frederick Bremer built the first British motorcar in a workshop in his garden, at Connaught Road. The vehicle is on display at the Vestry House Museum in Walthamstow.


title: Walthamstow

text: The LGOC X-type and B-type buses were built at Blackhorse Lane from October 1908 onwards. The B-type is considered one of the first mass-production buses. The manufacturing operation later became AEC, famous as the manufacturer of many of London's buses. On 13 June 1909, A. V. Roe's aircraft took to the air from Walthamstow Marshes. It was the first all-British aircraft and was given the ominous nickname of the "Yellow Terror" but officially carried the name Avro1. Roe later founded the Avro aircraft company, which later built the acclaimed Avro Lancaster.


title: Walthamstow

text: "Walthamstow Borough Corporation" had been authorised in 1904 to supply electricity to the Borough. The power station in Exeter Street had three brick chimneys and an array of wooden cooling towers. In 1923 the revenue to the Borough from sales of electricity was £109,909. Upon nationalisation of the electricity industry in 1948 ownership of the station passed to the British Electricity Authority and later to the Central Electricity Generating Board. The CEGB closed the station in 1967 when the thermal efficiency was 9.30 per cent. It was subsequently demolished.


title: Walthamstow

text: From 1894 the Municipal Borough of Walthamstow was an urban district and from 1929 a municipal borough in Essex. In 1931 the population of the borough, covering an area of , peaked at 132,972. In 1965 the borough was abolished and its former area merged with that of the Municipal Borough of Chingford and the Municipal Borough of Leyton to form the London Borough of Waltham Forest in Greater London. Other places in east London formerly of the county of Essex, such as Ilford and Romford were placed into London Boroughs along with Walthamstow. None of the postal district names or codes was changed at this time (e.g. Ilford remained Ilford, Essex, and Walthamstow remained


title: Walthamstow

text: Since the 2012 Summer Olympics, the town has become increasingly popular mostly as a result of gentrification. Local property prices increased at a high rate of 22.3% from 2013 to 2014, compared to London's average of 17.8%. It has turned Walthamstow into a 'trendy' town similar to Shoreditch. The leafy Walthamstow Village in particular has become sought-after by buyers.


title: Walthamstow

text: On 29 May 2015, a regular local unicyclist was hit and dragged under by a double decker route 212 bus in Hoe Street. Locals numbering up to 100 people helped to pull the bus off the unicyclist. The MP for Walthamstow, Stella Creasy, later said she was "proud" of the community for saving the unicyclist's life.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow elects councillors to Waltham Forest London Borough Council. It is within the Walthamstow parliamentary constituency.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow is bordered to the north by Chingford and to the south by Leyton and Leytonstone. Woodford lies to the east with a boundary running through Epping Forest, Hackney lies to the south-west beyond the Walthamstow Marshes and the Lea, while Tottenham is situated westward on the far side of the River Lea and the Lee Valley Reservoir Chain. The A112 (Leyton High Road, Hoe Street, Chingford Road, Chingford Mount Rd) passes south–north through Walthamstow and its neighbouring towns forming part of an ancient route from London to Waltham Abbey. Walthamstow is situated south of the North Circular Road.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow Village conservation area is a district to the east of what has become the commercial centre of Walthamstow. The area is roughly defined as being south of Church Hill, west of Shernhall Street, north of Grove Road, and east of Hoe Street. Orford Road is the main route through the district, though even this is a quiet thoroughfare by the standards of London. The village has a small selection of specialist shops, pubs and restaurants, and house prices tend to be higher in the streets of this neighbourhood. It was voted best urban village in London by "Time Out" magazine in 2004.


title: Walthamstow

text: "Upper Walthamstow" is to the east of Walthamstow Village. The area's main thoroughfare is Wood Street, which has several shops and local businesses, and is served by the London Overground at Wood Street station on the Liverpool Street to Chingford line.


title: Walthamstow

text: One of the Great Trees of London, the Wood Street Horse Chestnut, is located next to the former Jones's Butchers Shop, a grade II listed, late 18th century weatherboarded building. The tree is thought to be upwards of 175 years old.


title: Walthamstow

text: Wood Street is home to Wood Street Indoor Market. The market was the site of a cinema from 1912 to 1955, operated by the Penny Picture Theatre Co. It re-opened under new independent management in 1953 as the Rio Cinema, but this was short lived and it closed in 1955. Now the market is filled with quirky market traders, and was documented in a short documentary made by Mark Windows.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow has a wide variety of housing stock, but the vast majority of residential property was built in the early 20th century. From Coppermill Lane in the west (next to the marshes), to Wood Street in the east, there are thousands of terraced streets dating to the Edwardian era and the 1920s. The area along Markhouse Road and St James Street has many examples of Warner properties. These were developed as affordable housing for the working classes in the early part of the 20th century. Bombing raids in the Second World War and urban redevelopment projects in the 1960s and 1970s have left areas with more modern housing, mostly in the shape of low-rise concrete blocks.


title: Walthamstow

text: The northern continuation of Markhouse Road is St James's Street to which Blackhorse Road follows, served by underground and railway stations, which in turn becomes Blackhorse Lane. This is bound on its western side by industrial units and warehouses. The London Borough of Waltham Forest has proposed developing the area around Blackhorse Road railway station to become a gateway to the town.


title: Walthamstow

text: Although bounded by the marshes to the west and parts of Epping Forest to the east, there is little open space in the actual town. There used to be two commons in the town, Church Common, adjacent to St. Mary's Church in Walthamstow Village and Markhouse Common, located off Markhouse Lane (now Markhouse Road) and what is now the western end of Queens Road. Both open spaces were lost in the 19th century, when the land was sold to property developers. Lloyd Park has been open to the public since 1900 and is located on Forest Road behind the William Morris Gallery. It has a formal garden with a pond, and the adjacent Aveling Field has facilities for bowling, tennis, basketball, an outdoor gym, a skate park and a children's play area.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow roughly approximates to seven of the electoral wards within the London Borough of Waltham Forest: Chapel End (northeastern part), Higham Hill (northwestern part), High Street (western), Hoe Street (inner-eastern and Walthamstow Village), Markhouse (southwestern), William Morris (northern), and Wood Street (eastern and "Upper Walthamstow"). The 2011 census counted a total population of 109,424 of all these wards combined.


title: Walthamstow

text: As of the 2011 census, White British is the largest ethnicity in all wards. Other White is the second largest in all wards except Markhouse. The other double-digit ethnicities are Pakistani and Black African. The minority ethnic proportion ranges from 48.5% in Chapel End to 58.2% in Markhouse.


title: Walthamstow

text: The male life expectancy ranged from 77.2 years in Hoe Street to 82.1 years in Chapel End; the female life expectancy ranged from 82.1 years in both Higham Hill and Hoe Street to 84.8 years in High Street. This data covers 2009–2013.


title: Walthamstow

text: The median house price as of 2014 was highest in Wood Street ward (£387,500) and lowest in Markhouse ward (£324,000).


title: Walthamstow

text: The High Street is dominated by Walthamstow Market, which began in 1885, and occupies all but the last 100 yards of the street. It is reputed to be a mile long, but in fact measures approximately ⅔ of a mile. It is the longest street market in Europe. The market is open five days a week (not Sunday or Monday), and there is a Sunday farmers' market. The street is lined with shops: a selection of high street chains, but also many independent small shops specialising in food, fabrics, and household goods, as well as cafés. The overall tone is downmarket and unique. There are two patches of new-ish development: at Sainsbury's, and The Mall Walthamstow (formerly Selborne Walk) covered shopping centre both of which have large multi-storey car parks. Shopmobility Waltham Forest operates in the Mall, loaning mobility scooters and wheelchairs, with volunteer helpers, to disabled and older people.


title: Walthamstow

text: The historic central library on the High Street was one of many built with money donated by the Scottish-American businessman and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, whose portrait bust can be seen on the exterior of the building. The library was damaged by a fire in 1982 but modernised and expanded in 2006–07. At the same time, a large plot at the corner of High Street and Hoe Street was set for substantial redevelopment as a retail space. This site was previously the location of the town's central post office and a shopping arcade built in the 1960s. Plans for the redevelopment of this site initially fell through in 2005, but work on a new cinema, flats and restaurants started in April 2013 and was completed in December 2014. As of 2019, confirmed plans will lead to the refurbishment of the town square, new homes in its vicinity and an extension of The Mall.


title: Walthamstow

text: The "Walthamstow Beer Mile", also known as the "Blackhorse Beer Mile", is an attraction consisting of a growing number of micro-breweries, and their associated tap-rooms, in and around Blackhorse Road and Blackhorse Lane.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow is served by trains on the London Underground, London Overground and National Rail networks.


title: Walthamstow

text: There is an out-of-station interchange with , which is on the London Overground between Gospel Oak and Barking.


title: Walthamstow

text: London Buses routes 20, 34, 55, 58, 69, 97, 123, 158, 212, 215, 230, 257, 275, 357, 675, W11, W12, W15, W16, W19 and night routes N26, N38 and N73 serve the area.


title: Walthamstow

text: Several arterial routes pass through Walthamstow which link the district to other areas in London and the East of England.


title: Walthamstow

text: To the north, the A406 (North Circular) runs east–west around Walthamstow. The road links the district to Ilford, the M11 (for Stansted Airport) and London City Airport to the east. To the west, the North Circular passes through Edmonton, Finchley and Brent Cross "en route" to Chiswick. The route meets the M1 and M4 motorways (for Luton and Heathrow airports).


title: Walthamstow

text: To the southeast of nearby Leytonstone, the A12 (Eastern Avenue) carries traffic northeast towards the M25, Romford, and destinations in Essex and Suffolk. Southwest, the A12 passes around Stratford and Hackney Wick before terminating in Poplar.


title: Walthamstow

text: The London Borough of Waltham Forest monitors kerbside and roadside Nitrogen Dioxide (NO) levels in Walthamstow.


title: Walthamstow

text: To the north of Walthamstow at the Crooked Billet Roundabout (North Circular), there is an automatic monitoring site which recorded an average NO concentration of 61.1μg/m3 (micrograms per cubic metre) in 2017. This fails to meet the UK National Air Quality Objective set by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) at 40μg/m3.


title: Walthamstow

text: Alternative roadside monitoring sites along Hoe Street and Selborne Road also failed to meet the UK National Air Quality Objective, with one diffusion tube on Selborne Road recording an annual average NO concentration of 61.0μg/m3.


title: Walthamstow

text: Transport for London (TfL) and the London Borough of Waltham Forest provide cycling infrastructure in Walthamstow. In 2014, cyclists made up approximately 8.41% of general traffic across the Borough, and in the same year, the Borough was awarded a "Mini Holland" grant by the Mayor of London to improve infrastructure and cycle routes across Walthamstow.


title: Walthamstow

text: The River Lea towpath is also nearby, which provides a direct, traffic-free cycle link from Walthamstow Marshes to Hackney Wick and Stratford to the south, and Tottenham Hale, Enfield Lock, Hertford and Harlow to the north. The towpath also carries National Cycle Route 1 (NCR 1), an unbroken, signposted cycle route from Dover to the Shetland Islands, which in North London carries cyclists from Canary Wharf to Enfield Lock via Victoria Park and Walthamstow Marshes. The route is a shared-use path maintained by the Canal and River Trust and Sustrans.


title: Walthamstow

text: Walthamstow's links with William Morris and art have led to an increasing number of street art and murals painted on public buildings. Some examples of street art in Walthamstow are shown below:


title: Walthamstow

text: The EMD (Granada) Walthamstow (formerly the Granada) is a Grade II listed cinema building in Hoe Street. The cinema also operated as a live music venue, with concerts by The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, John Coltrane, Little Richard, Gene Vincent, Jerry Lee Lewis, Alex Paterson, Johnny Cash, James Brown, The Who, Roy Orbison and Buddy Holly. It closed in 2003 when it was sold to the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG), which sought permission for a change of use to a place of worship.


title: Walthamstow

text: Many members of the local community opposed and successfully campaigned against the UCKG plans. Comedian and presenter Griff Rhys Jones, actor Paul McGann and writer Alain de Botton were among the famous names who backed local residents in asking the local authority to stop plans to convert the building into a church.


title: Walthamstow

text: The Waltham Forest Film Society and Campaign to save our cinema McGuffin was the focal point for local campaigners.


title: Walthamstow

text: UCKG failed to gain planning permission to convert the building from Waltham Forest Council and later from the then Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, Eric Pickles. In 2014 the building was sold to a pub company who set up a bar in the grand foyer and began bringing it back into use as a venue. In 2019 Waltham Forest Council purchased the former auditorium with the intention of opening it as an entertainment venue in 2022.


title: Walthamstow

text: Local news is provided by the "East London & West Essex Guardian" (formerly "Waltham Forest Guardian"). The BBC Three sitcom "Him & Her" was filmed in Walthamstow.


title: Walthamstow

text: One of its most famous residents was the writer, poet, designer and socialist William Morris, who was born there on 24 March 1834, and lived there for several years. His former house in Walthamstow is a museum dedicated to his life and works, while the grounds of the house are a public park (Lloyd Park in Forest Road).


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Shincheonji Church of Jesus, the Temple of the Tabernacle of the Testimony (SCJ), commonly known as Shincheonji Church of Jesus or simply Shincheonji (; ), is a denomination of Christian new religious movement established in South Korea by Lee Man-hee. It is considered as a pseudoreligion or cult by mainstream churches.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Shincheonji's teaching claims that their founder Lee is the pastor promised in the New Testament, and that the Book of Revelation is written in secret metaphors (parables) which only Lee is capable of deciphering. Before founding his own religious movement, Lee was a member of a controversial group called the Olive Tree, a new religious movement which spawned the first countercult movement in post-war Korea, although this connection is not present in Shincheonji's biography of Lee.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Shincheonji teaches that it is the true faith with its members receiving salvation at the time of final judgment. Everyone not in the group will be denied forgiveness and destroyed.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In 2020, the group became the center of intense scrutiny during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. The outbreak of COVID-19 cases in Korea was initially centered in the city of Daegu after a 61-year-old Shincheonji member known as Patient 31 infected other church members causing the pandemic to surge in Daegu. As the disease spread among Shincheonji's members and thousands of others, there was a national outcry against the group and by 22 February 2020, over 1.3 million South Korean citizens signed an online petition to the Blue House requesting the government to disband Shincheonji entirely.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: The group's founder and leader Lee is a self-proclaimed messiah. Church followers variously refer to him as "Chairman Lee"; "the chairman"; "the promised pastor"; "the one who overcomes"; or "the advocate." Adherents believe that Lee is the messenger sent by Jesus Christ, and believe him to be uniquely able to interpret the Book of Revelation. The group believes that in the times of the fulfillment of the new testament prophecies, 144,000 adherents and a great multitude in white that no one can count, which comes out of the great tribulation, will enjoy salvation and eternal life as promised in the book of Revelation.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: The group is known for its aggressive, and deceptive proselytizing practices. With a poor image in mainstream South Korean society, Shincheonji leaders have at times instructed their members to lie about being adherents of the group, although the group has said that doing so is not its official policy. The group is regarded as heretical by mainstream Christian denominations.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Lee Man-hee was born in 1931. In 1967, Lee became a member of the Tabernacle Temple which, under pressure from the "religious purification policy" of Chun Doo-hwan (coup in 1980), became affiliated with the Presbyterian Church. Lee left the Tabernacle Temple in 1971.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Some have connected Lee to a countercult movement called Olive Tree, but this connection is not present in Shincheonji's biography of Lee.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On March 14, 1984, Lee founded Shincheonji and opened its first temple that June in Anyang, Gyeonggi Province. Membership grew and in June 1990, the Zion Christian Mission Center was established in Seoul. In 1995, the membership within South Korea was divided into 12 "tribes", according to geographic territories. In 1999, the headquarters were moved to Gwacheon, which has a prophetic meaning within Shincheonji theology. Mainline Christian churches became alarmed at the loss of members, and the first cases of deprogramming Shincheonji members began in 2003.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In 2014, it was estimated to have over 120,000 members, while a 2020 estimate put membership at around 200,000. It was once the fastest-growing religious church in South Korea.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In March 2020, health authorities of the Government of South Korea investigating the COVID-19 pandemic officially declared to the press that they obtained an exact list of 317,320 registered Shincheonji members.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In Singapore, 21 members were arrested for congregating together, and were charged with being a part of an "unlawful society". They face up to 3 years in jail if convicted.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 4 April 2020, a 39-year-old man threw a rock at the Ulsan branch church, breaking a glass window at the front entrance of the church building. His stated motivation was his thought that COVID-19 spread because of Shincheonji members. On 26 August 2020, he was found guilty of property damage, and was sentenced to 6 months in prison with 2 years’ suspension of sentence, and 80 hours of mandated volunteer work.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 21 September 2020, a Shincheonji branch church in Daejeon, South Korea received an anonymous threat letter, containing white powder later identified by the Chemical Safety Agency and the Geumgang Basin Environment Agency to be cyanide, a USB containing a bitcoin address, and a message demanding 14.4 billion won. The anonymous message stated that harm will come upon Shincheonji congregants if the requested 14.4 billion won was not deposited. The case is still under investigation. Police investigation has ruled that the threatening letter was originally addressed to a different Shincheonji location in Gyeonggi-do.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: The group has been accused of exerting influence on politicians and political parties. A former member accused the Chairman Lee of Shincheonji of having created the former name of the Liberty Korea Party. Until 2017, the Liberty Korea Party was named "Saenuri Party". On 6 November 2020, the prosecutor's office ruled that there was no evidence to support this accusation and that there was no connection between Lee and the creation of the Saenuri Party.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: The sect has been accused of actively infiltrating other churches to convert other churches' members.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: The sect became involved in controversy during the COVID-19 pandemic, an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infections followed from the participation of a SARS-CoV-2 infected person, "Patient 31", at the organization. A dozen Chinese members of the church from Wuhan were also connected to the Daegu Shincheonji outbreak.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In Busan, a 61-year-old Daegu resident is believed to have spread the virus and was diagnosed on 18 February 2020. At the time, the South Korean government had neither introduced social distancing nor restricted travel from China (apart from travel from the Hubei province).


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 18 February 2020, Shincheonji issued a church-wide announcement of Patient 31's confirmation and closed down its churches and affiliated buildings.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 20 February 2020, Shincheonji's Daegu branch submitted a list of its members to the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to aid with contract-tracing.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: By 20 February 2020, 53 new cases were Shincheonji attendees or their families, reaching over 300 by 23 February, over half of all cases in South Korea in February. The subsequent resurgences of the virus in September 2020 and December 2020, however, surpassed the numbers seen during the outbreak associated with Shincheonji and have accelerated at a faster rate than the spread associated with Shincheonji's Daegu branch church.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 24 February 2020, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency requested a list of all Shincheonji congregants. The list included congregants’ name, citizen registration number, address, name of place of employment, and family member information. A day after, Shincheonji submitted the list of all congregants and complied with the government's request.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: There was no deadline listed in the official information request letter sent to Shincheonji for epidemiological investigation. The official request also did not ask for members’ citizen registration numbers. Despite this, officials from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency requested members’ citizen registration numbers to be included in the data.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: There was a day's delay in submitting information, however, as Shincheonji officials asked the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency about the legality of providing congregants’ citizen registration numbers and if the government will protect the congregants’ private information.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 25 February 2020, Shincheonji officials provided the list of requested information for all of its congregants.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In the October 2020 trial of Chairman Lee Man-Hee, where he is accused of not complying with epidemiological investigations, an official from the Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare acknowledged that Shincheonji officials made effort to provide the requested congregants’ information. The conversation records between Shincheonji officials and the Agency official show an expression of concern over privacy, not a refusal to provide information or a refusal to cooperate.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Chairman Lee's counsel argued that the request for congregants’ citizen registration numbers had nothing to do with epidemiological investigation.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In the initial discussion between representatives of Shincheonji and the Blue House, the Blue House official in charge of the case was made aware of Shincheonji's concerns for congregants’ safety and privacy, and the omission of information from certain congregants, such as minors and those at special risk for persecution, such as elected politicians or public officials.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: The police have determined that the intention for omitting certain congregants’ information was not for the purpose of obstructing disease prevention and control efforts, but to protect congregants of Shincheonji.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In a recorded phone conversation, Chairman Lee told the Shincheonji representative in charge of communicating with the government to provide congregant information that “since the government is doing what Shincheonji should’ve done instead, we must actively help [the government].”


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Alex Azar, United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, described South Korea's approach to COVID-19 as something that "would likely not fly here in the United States" and referred to the South Korean government's authoritarian crackdown on Shincheonji as he described how South Korea "used their military and police powers to lock down that church, arrest everybody that was in contact with individuals in that church."


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: With an additional 4,000 cases of COVID-19 within two weeks, and roughly 60% of the total infections nationwide having stemmed from the church, the Seoul city government asked prosecutors to press charges against the religious group's founder and senior members for murder, causing harm, and for violating the Infectious Disease and Control Act. Interviews have occurred with all 230,000 members of the religious group and nearly 9,000 were said to be showing symptoms of the virus.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: After a lawsuit was started by the Mayor of Seoul, on 25 February 2020, the Governor of Gyeonggi Province Lee Jae-myung, along with 40 officials, entered the Shincheonji headquarters office and seized about 50 computers after making a forcible entry into the headquarters. The authorities checked the list seized during the raid with the one Shincheonji had supplied, and concluded that discrepancies were minor. The Seoul City government filed legal complaints to state prosecutors against 12 leaders of the church, accusing the group of homicide, causing harm, and violating the Infectious Disease and Control Act.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: After the outbreak amongst Shincheonji's Daegu branch church in February, 51 Shincheonji-related locations in Daegu have been closed. Out of this, 14 locations have been shut down since February of this year. Shincheonji has only held online services since February. However, its buildings continue to remain closed and Shincheonji has requested for the courts to reconsider the order for building closure. Shincheonji is requesting access to the buildings for the sake of building maintenance, not for usage of religious meetings or activities. The City of Daegu, however, has rejected the request, stating that building maintenance is currently not needed and that the public opinion against Shincheonji's Daegu Church still has not recovered. The courts have not yet ruled against or for the request. The situation could also be resolved upon an agreement between Shincheonji Daegu Church and the City of Daegu.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 31 July 2020, Lee Man-Hee was arrested by South Korean authorities for allegedly hiding crucial information from contact-tracers and other offenses; by this time the Shincheonji Church was being linked to more than 5,200 coronavirus infections, or 36% of South Korea's total cases. Prosecutors specifically alleged that Lee had failed to provide health authorities with a complete lists of church members in violation of South Korea's Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act. The Vice Minister of the Ministry of Health and Welfare (South Korea) has publicly stated that Shincheonji has cooperated with authorities.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Lee was initially detained pending trial, and several previous appeals for bail were initially rejected. However, on 12 November 2020, the court granted bail to Lee, with the court noting Lee's consistent attendance and compliance during court proceedings, as well as the health concerns of detaining a 90-year-old senior in prison.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Prosecutors sought a five-year prison sentence and a fine of 3 million Korean won (2,700 U.S. dollars) on the Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act charges. In January 2021, the Suwon District Court acquitted Lee of the COVID-19-related charges, ruling that lists of church members were not "key elements of epidemiological surveys" defined in the Act. However, the court, found Lee guilty of embezzling 5.6 billion won (US$5.11 million) from the church to build a home, and of using government facilities to conduct religious services, and issued a four-year suspended sentence to Lee.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In a press conference in early March 2020, the church's founder Lee Man-Hee publicly kneeled and bowed his head to the ground in a traditional Korean gesture of apology, apologized for church members unintentionally spreading the virus, and said that the church was cooperating with the government.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: In response to the negative media attention on Shincheonji, Lee Man-hee spoke publicly about being misunderstood or falsely accused. Shincheonji has been cited as the "most vilified group during pandemic".


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 26 August 2020, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) thanked Shincheonji for 562 of its congregation members donating plasma for COVID-19 treatment research, and requested collaboration with Shincheonji to hold a large-scale plasma donation drive from 26 August 2020 to 4 September 2020. An additional 1,100 Shincheonji members are estimated to donate plasma in collaboration with the KCDC.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 16 September 2020, Shincheonji held an interfaith online prayer meeting titled “COVID-19 Overcome Online Prayer Meeting” to pray for the speedy end of COVID-19.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 26 September 2020, Shincheonji's volunteer association began a ‘prevention volunteering’ campaign, with Shincheonji members volunteering to sanitize shopping districts and passing out hand sanitizers and masks to local businesses.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: On 3 November 2020, the KCDC announced that starting from the 16th of November, there will be approximately 4,000 additional recovered COVID-19 patients from Shincheonji who will donate their plasma for the development of a treatment.


title: Shincheonji Church of Jesus

text: Over the course of 2 rounds of large-scale plasma donation drives with Shincheonji, a total of 2,798 members agreed to participate in the drive, and 2,030 successfully donated plasma. From the Daegu Church of Shincheonji, 1,700 congregation members donated plasma over the course of July and August of this year. The Director of the KCDC expressed his deep gratitude towards Shincheonji for actively participating in the plasma drive.


title: Cedella Marley

text: Cedella Marley Minto (born 23 August 1967) is a Jamaican singer. She is the daughter of reggae singers Bob Marley and Rita Marley and the mother of Skip Marley. She was in the group Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers along with her sister and brothers. With the group, she has won three Grammy awards.


title: Cedella Marley

text: Formed at the request of their father, Bob Marley, it was only after his death that the Melody Makers came into their own. The band comprises four of Bob Marley's ten children, vocalist/guitarist Ziggy, vocalist/guitarist/drummer Stephen, vocalist Cedella, and vocalist Sharon. Her young brother Ziggy was the group's leader, with Stephen often sharing in the songwriting and lead vocals.


title: Cedella Marley

text: The group released over ten albums, including their Grammy-winning albums "Conscious Party", "One Bright Day", and "Fallen Is Babylon". They have scored a number-one hit "Tumblin' Down" along with other successful singles "Tomorrow People", "Everyone Wants to Be", "Look Who's Dancin'", and "Power to Move Ya".


title: Cedella Marley

text: In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Cedella Marley appeared in a few movies, including "The Mighty Quinn" (1989) starring Denzel Washington, and was the female lead in "Joey Breaker" (1993) opposite Richard Edson.


title: Cedella Marley

text: In 2002, the group officially disbanded. Cedella is now the CEO of her father's recording label, Tuff Gong International. She also helps run her family's charitable organization, 1Love. In June 2010, Cedella released a song called, "Can You Feel The Love Tonight", which was featured on the compilation album, "The Disney Reggae Club".


title: Cedella Marley

text: Cedella has begun several clothing lines which are, "Catch a Fire", "High Tide", "Nice Time Deconstructed", and "Nice Time Kids". In February 2011, it was announced that she would design the uniform for the Jamaican track and field team at the 2012 Olympics, including world champion Usain Bolt, under an arrangement with Puma. She described her vision for the outfits as "Grace Jones meets my Dad – very music-inspired and a bit retro."


title: Cedella Marley

text: In September 2011, she released her book "One Love". Cedella is also featured in the documentary movie, "Marley", which was released in April 2012. Cedella Marley is also currently recording an album to be released in 2012 or 2013.


title: Cedella Marley

text: Her musical "Bob Marley's Three Little Birds", which includes several of her father's songs, opened at the New Victory Theater in New York City in February 2014.


title: Cedella Marley

text: In June 2014, Marley presented a line of menswear she designed inspired both by clothes her father wore on the football pitch as well as the 2014 World Cup team designs. It consisted mainly of sportswear items such as T-shirts, hoodies, and tracksuit jackets. The line was named, simply, Marley. The proceeds from the line will go toward funding Jamaica women's national football team, the Reggae Girlz, of which Marley is currently a sponsor and official ambassador.


title: Cedella Marley

text: Marley is the acting director of the Bob Marley Foundation, which seeks to deliver social interventions throughout Jamaica through educational and community development initiatives.


title: Cedella Marley

text: In 2014, after learning the Jamaica women's national football team had disbanded because it wasn't receiving funding from the nation's football federation, Marley became a team benefactor. Through the Bob Marley Foundation, Cedella raised enough money for the team to reform and found the team's coach, Hue Menzies. She has continued to help fund the team through their surprise qualification for the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup.


title: One Direction discography

text: English-Irish boy band One Direction have released five studio albums, ten extended plays, seventeen singles (including two charity singles), two video albums, and seventeen music videos. They signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after being formed and finishing third in the seventh series of British television singing competition "The X Factor" in 2010. They subsequently signed in North America with Columbia Records. "", a 3D documentary concert film was released on 29 August 2013 in the United Kingdom and 30 August 2013 in the United States. The film captures the band on the road during the Take Me Home Tour and documents their origins and rise to fame.


title: One Direction discography

text: The group's debut studio album "Up All Night" was released in November 2011. It topped the charts in sixteen countries. The lead single, "What Makes You Beautiful", was an international hit, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart and number four on the US "Billboard" Hot 100; it has since been certified four and six times platinum in the US and Australia, respectively. Subsequent singles, "Gotta Be You" and "One Thing", became top ten hits in the UK. The band's second studio album "Take Me Home" was released in November 2012. The record sold 540,000 copies in its first week in the US and went to number-one in thirty-five countries. The album's lead single, "Live While We're Young", became One Direction's highest-peaking song in a number of countries and recorded the highest first-week sales for a song by a non-US artist. "Little Things" and "Kiss You", the succeeding singles, became moderate successes.


title: One Direction discography

text: One Direction's third studio album, "Midnight Memories", was released on 25 November 2013. The album was preceded by its lead single "Best Song Ever" and its critically acclaimed second single "Story of My Life". The album was a commercial success, debuting at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the "Billboard" 200, making One Direction the first band in history to have their first three albums all debut atop the "Billboard" 200. With their fourth album, "Four", they extended the record to four consecutive number-one albums. Their next album, "Made in the A.M.", was preceded by its lead single "Drag Me Down". In October 2015, the band announced the second single from the album, "Perfect". As of May 2022, the band has sold more than 70 million records worldwide and over 21 million in their home country.


title: Imipramine

text: Imipramine, sold under the brand name Tofranil, among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) mainly used in the treatment of depression. It is also effective in treating anxiety and panic disorder. The drug is also used to treat bedwetting. Imipramine is taken by mouth.


title: Imipramine

text: Common side effects of imipramine include dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness, low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, urinary retention, and electrocardiogram changes. Overdose of the medication can result in death. Imipramine appears to work by increasing levels of serotonin and norepinephrine and by blocking certain serotonin, adrenergic, histamine, and cholinergic receptors.


title: Imipramine

text: Imipramine was discovered in 1951 and was introduced for medical use in 1957. It was the first TCA to be marketed. Imipramine and the other TCAs have decreased in use in recent decades, due to the introduction of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which have fewer side effects and are far safer in overdose.


title: Imipramine

text: Imipramine is used in the treatment of depression and certain anxiety disorders. It is similar in efficacy to the antidepressant drug moclobemide. It has also been used to treat nocturnal enuresis because of its ability to shorten the time of delta wave stage sleep, where wetting occurs. In veterinary medicine, imipramine is used with xylazine to induce pharmacologic ejaculation in stallions. Blood levels between 150 and 250 ng/mL of imipramine plus its metabolite desipramine generally correspond to antidepressant efficacy.


title: Imipramine

text: Combining it with alcohol consumption causes excessive drowsiness. It may be unsafe during pregnancy.


title: Imipramine

text: Imipramine affects numerous neurotransmitter systems known to be involved in the etiology of depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), enuresis and numerous other mental and physical conditions. Imipramine is similar in structure to some muscle relaxants, and has a significant analgesic effect and, thus, is very useful in some pain conditions.


title: Imipramine

text: Imipramine is a tricyclic compound, specifically a dibenzazepine, and possesses three rings fused together with a side chain attached in its chemical structure. Other dibenzazepine TCAs include desipramine ("N"-desmethylimipramine), clomipramine (3-chloroimipramine), trimipramine (2′-methylimipramine or β-methylimipramine), and lofepramine ("N"-(4-chlorobenzoylmethyl)desipramine). Imipramine is a tertiary amine TCA, with its side chain-demethylated metabolite desipramine being a secondary amine. Other tertiary amine TCAs include amitriptyline, clomipramine, dosulepin (dothiepin), doxepin, and trimipramine. The chemical name of imipramine is 3-(10,11-dihydro-5"H"-dibenzo["b","f"]azepin-5-yl)-"N","N"-dimethylpropan-1-amine and its free base form has a chemical formula of CHN with a molecular weight of 280.407 g/mol. The drug is used commercially mostly as the hydrochloride salt; the embonate (pamoate) salt is used for intramuscular administration and the free base form is not used. The CAS Registry Number of the free base is 50-49-7, of the hydrochloride is 113-52-0, and of the embonate is 10075-24-8.


title: Imipramine

text: The parent compound of imipramine, 10,11-dihydro-5"H"-dibenz<nowiki>[</nowiki>b,f<nowiki>]</nowiki>azepine (dibenzazepine), was first synthesized in 1899, but no pharmacological assessment of this compound or any substituted derivatives was undertaken until the late 1940s. Imipramine was first synthesized in 1951, as an antihistamine. The antipsychotic effects of chlorpromazine were discovered in 1952, and imipramine was then developed and studied as an antipsychotic for use in patients with schizophrenia. The medication was tested in several hundred patients with psychosis, but showed little effectiveness. However, imipramine was serendipitously found to possess antidepressant effects in the mid-1950s following a case report of symptom improvement in a woman with severe depression who had been treated with it. This was followed by similar observations in other patients and further clinical research. Subsequently, imipramine was introduced for the treatment of depression in Europe in 1958 and in the United States in 1959. Along with the discovery and introduction of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor iproniazid as an antidepressant around the same time, imipramine resulted in the establishment of monoaminergic drugs as antidepressants.


title: Imipramine

text: In the late 1950s, imipramine was the first TCA to be developed (by Ciba). At the first international congress of neuropharmacology in Rome, September 1958 Dr Freyhan from the University of Pennsylvania discussed as one of the first clinicians the effects of imipramine in a group of 46 patients, most of them diagnosed as "depressive psychosis". The patients were selected for this study based on symptoms such as depressive apathy, kinetic retardation and feelings of hopelessness and despair. In 30% of all patients, he reported optimal results, and in around 20%, failure. The side effects noted were atropine-like, and most patients experienced dizziness. Imipramine was first tried for treating psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, but proved ineffective. As an antidepressant, it did well in clinical studies and it is known to work well in even the most severe cases of depression. It is not surprising, therefore, that imipramine may cause a high rate of manic and hypomanic reactions in hospitalized patients with pre-existing bipolar disorder, with one study showing that up to 25% of such patients maintained on Imipramine switched into mania or hypomania. Such powerful antidepressant properties have made it favorable in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression.


title: Imipramine

text: Before the advent of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), its sometimes intolerable side-effect profile was considered more tolerable. Therefore, it became extensively used as a standard antidepressant and later served as a prototypical drug for the development of the later-released TCAs. Since the 1990s, it has no longer been used as commonly, but is sometimes still prescribed as a second-line treatment for treating major depression . It has also seen limited use in the treatment of migraines, ADHD, and post-concussive syndrome. Imipramine has additional indications for the treatment of panic attacks, chronic pain, and Kleine-Levin syndrome. In pediatric patients, it is relatively frequently used to treat pavor nocturnus and nocturnal enuresis.


title: Imipramine

text: "Imipramine" is the English and French generic name of the drug and its , , and , while "imipramine hydrochloride" is its , , , and . Its generic name in Spanish and Italian and its are "imipramina", in German is "imipramin", and in Latin is "imipraminum". The embonate salt is known as "imipramine pamoate".


title: Imipramine

text: Imipramine is marketed throughout the world mainly under the brand name Tofranil. Imipramine pamoate is marketed under the brand name Tofranil-PM for intramuscular injection.


title: Imipramine

text: Imipramine is available for medical use widely throughout the world, including in the United States, the United Kingdom, elsewhere in Europe, India, Brazil, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.


title: Imipramine

text: Between 1998 and 2017, along with amitriptyline, imipramine was the most commonly prescribed first antidepressant for children aged 5-11 years in England.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The Mitsubishi G4M was a twin-engine, land-based medium bomber formerly manufactured by the Mitsubishi Aircraft Company, a part of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1940 to 1945. Its official designation is and was commonly referred to by Japanese Navy pilots as due to the cylindrical shape of its fuselage and its penchant for igniting after a hit. The Allied reporting name was "Betty".


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: Designed to a strict specification to succeed the Mitsubishi G3M already in service, the G4M boasted very good performance and excellent range and was considered the best land-based naval bomber at the time. This was achieved by its structural lightness and an almost total lack of protection for the crew, with no armor plating or self-sealing fuel tanks. The G4M was officially adopted on 2 April 1941 but the aforementioned problems would prove to be a severe drawback, often suffering heavy losses; Allied fighter pilots nicknamed the G4M "The Flying Lighter" as it was extremely prone to ignition after a few hits. It was not until later variants of the G4M2 and G4M3 that self-sealing fuel tanks, armor protection for the crew and better defensive armament was installed.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: Nevertheless, the G4M would become the Navy's primary land-based bomber. It is the most widely produced and most famous bomber operated by the Japanese during World War II and it served in nearly all battles during the Pacific War. The aircraft is also known for being the mothership that carried the Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka, a purpose-built anti-ship suicide weapon during the final years of the war. Of the 2,435 G4Ms produced, no intact aircraft have survived.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The G4Ms predecessor the Mitsubishi G3M went into service in 1937 in China. Only two months later the Japanese Navy issued specifications to Mitsubishi. The specifications, unprecedented at the time, called for a twin-engine, land-based, attack bomber with a top speed of , altitude of , and a range of unloaded (without bombs and torpedoes), and a range of when carrying an torpedo or the same weight in bombs.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The G4M was designed for a long range and high speed at the time of its introduction. In order to meet the Navy's specifications a Mitsubishi team led by Kiro Honjo did not incorporate self-sealing fuel tanks and armor plating to save weight and extend range. This consequently made both the G4M and the Zero, in which Mitsubishi used the same design features, vulnerable to machine gun and cannon fire. Consequently, this made Allied fighter pilots to give it derisive nicknames such as "the flying lighter" "the one-shot lighter", "the flying Zippo" and "the flying cigar" because of their tendency to ignite from damage to the wing fuel tanks after being hit by gunfire. The pilots of the Imperial Japanese Navy called the G4M the ""hamaki"" ("cigar"), although this was due to its shape. Due to deficiencies of the G3M in warding off concentrated fighter attacks Honjo incorporated guns in the nose, on top and both sides of the fuselage and in the tail a cannon was added.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: When used for medium- to high-altitude bombing against stationary land targets like supply depots, seaports or airfields, it was much harder to intercept. Using its long range and high speed, the G4M could appear from any direction, and then it could be gone before any fighters intercepted them. The 20 mm cannon in its tail turret was much heavier armament than was commonly carried by bombers of either side, making aerial attacks from the rear quite dangerous for the Allied fighter aircraft. Sometimes, if they did not catch fire after being hit in the wings by flak from the ground or by machine gun bullets from enemy fighters, G4Ms also proved to be able to remain airborne despite being badly damaged. For example, after the attack of the "751 Kōkūtai" (air group) on the USS "Chicago" during the Battle of Rennell Island, three out of four surviving aircraft (of the original eleven) returned despite flying with only one engine.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: As the war continued improved bomber designs failed to materialize and Mitsubishi began creating additional versions to fulfill various new missions as well as eliminate the weakness in the design including various engine and weapon variants. The G4M2 redesign failed to rectify the G4M's vulnerability to weapons fire.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The first G4M prototype left Mitsubishi's Nagoya plant in September 1939 disassembled and loaded in five ox-drawn farm carts to Kagamigahara airfield to the north. On 23 October 1939, test pilot Katsuzo Shima flew the G4M prototype. Despite successful tests the Navy shelved the bomber for the more heavily armed G6M1 variant in hopes it could be used as heavy escort fighter for other bombers. Failing these expectations the G4M1 was ordered into production.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The first production G4M was completed in April 1941 and was not discontinued until the end of the war.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The G4M was similar in performance and missions to other contemporary twin-engine bombers such as the German Heinkel He 111 and the American North American B-25 Mitchell. These were all commonly used in anti-ship roles. The G4M Model "11" was prominent in attacks on Allied shipping from 1941 to early 1944, but after that it became increasingly easy prey for Allied fighters.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The G4M was first used in combat on 13 September 1940 in Mainland China, when 27 "Bettys" and Mitsubishi C5Ms of 1st "Rengo Kōkūtai" (a mixed force including elements of the "Kanoya" and "Kizarazu" "Kōkūtai") departed from Taipei, Omura, and Jeju City to attack Hankow. The bombers and the reconnaissance aircraft were escorted by 13 A6M Zeros of 12th "Kōkūtai" led by the IJN lieutenant, Saburo Shindo. A similar operation occurred in May 1941. In December 1941, 107 G4Ms based on Formosa of 1st "Kōkūtai" and "Kanoya Kōkūtai" belonging to the 21st "Koku Sentai" (air flotilla) crossed the Luzon Strait en route to bombing the Philippines; this was the beginning of Japanese invasions in the Southwest Pacific Theater.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: In its first year of combat the G4M was a success. They bombed the U.S. Army air base Clark Field, Philippines on 8 December 1941. The G4M was instrumental in sinking HMS "Prince of Wales" and HMS "Repulse" two days later. Nine G4Ms participated in the long-range bombing raid of Katherine, Northern Territory, on 22 March 1942 (the deepest inland attack on Australian territory during the war at over 200 miles from the coast). Against weak fighter opposition the G4M attacked targets ranging as far as the Aleutians to Australia using its long range, the drawbacks of no self-sealing fuel tanks and armor not presenting themselves as problems at this point.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The G4M's most notable use as a torpedo bomber was in the sinking of "Prince of Wales" and "Repulse" off the eastern coast of Malaya on 10 December 1941. The G4Ms attacked along with older Mitsubishi G3M "Nell" bombers, which made high-level bombing runs. "Prince of Wales" and "Repulse" were the first two capital ships to be sunk exclusively by air attacks during a war, while in open waters. The bomber crews were from the Kanoya Air Group (later 751 Ku), Genzan Air Group (later 753 Ku), and the Mihoro Air Group (later 701 Ku), trained in torpedo attacks at an altitude of less than , and in long-range over-ocean navigation, so they could attack naval targets moving quickly at sea.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: G4Ms later made many attacks against Allied ships and also land targets during the six-month-long Guadalcanal Campaign (in the Solomon Islands) in late 1942. More than 100 G4M1s and their pilots and crews were lost (with no replacements or substitutes available) during the many battles over and near Guadalcanal from August to October 1942. On 8 August 1942, during the second day of the U.S. Marine landings on Guadalcanal, 23 IJNAF torpedo-carrying G4M1s attacked American ships at Lunga Point, but 18 of the G4M1s were shot down, by very heavy anti-aircraft fire and carrier-based F4F fighters. In all 18 Japanese crews – approximately 120 aviators – were lost at Lunga Point. In the two days of the Battle of Rennell Island, 29 and 30 January 1943, 10 out of 43 G4M1s were shot down during night torpedo attacks, all by U.S. Navy anti-aircraft fire. About 70 Japanese aviators, including Lieutenant Commander Higai, were killed during that battle.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: Probably the best-known incident involving a G4M during the war was the attack resulting in the death of Admiral Yamamoto. On 18 April 1943, sixteen P-38 Lightnings of the 339th Fighter Squadron of the 347th Fighter Group, Thirteenth Air Force, shot down a G4M1 of the 705th "Kōkūtai" with the tailcode "T1-323", carrying Admiral Yamamoto. In the same battle, another G4M1 carrying Chief of Staff Vice Admiral Matome Ugaki was also downed by the P-38s, although Ugaki survived.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The G4M Model "11" was replaced by the Models "22", "22a/b", "24a/b", "25", "26", and "27" from June 1943 onward, giving service in New Guinea, the Solomons, and the South Pacific area, in defense of the Marianas and finally in Okinawa. Other G4Ms received field modifications, resulting in the Model "24j". This model carried the Yokosuka MXY7 "Ohka" Model "11" suicide flying bomb, beginning on 21 March 1945, with disastrous results due to heavy Allied fighter opposition.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: After the loss of Okinawa, G4Ms constituted the main weapon of the land-based Japanese naval bomber force. It consisted of 20 "Kōkūtai" at the end of the war. This included the testing air group, which was equipped in 1944–45 with the latest version G4M3 Models "34" and "36", though these arrived too late to affect the course of the war.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: From November 1944 to January 1945, G4Ms were one of the main types of aircraft used in the Japanese air attacks on the Mariana Islands, and plans to use converted G4Ms to land commandos on the islands were developed in mid-1945 and cancelled only at the end of the war.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: As part of the negotiations for the surrender of Japan, two demilitarized G4Ms, given the call-signs Bataan 1 and Bataan 2, flew to Ie Shima, carrying the first surrender delegations on the first leg of their flight to Manila. The G4Ms were painted white with green crosses, and were escorted by American P-38 fighters.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The G4M's intended successor was the Yokosuka P1Y Ginga, although because of production problems, the changeover was only begun by the time the war ended.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The first of the four G4M2 prototypes flew in December 1942 (Mitsubishi Navy Type 1 Attack Bomber Model 22). It differed from the preceding model in having Mitsubishi MK4P "Kasei" Model 21 engines with VDM electric four-blade propellers capable of full feathering function, redesigned main wings with LB type laminar flow airfoil. and widened tail horizontal stabilizer wing area, which improved service ceiling to and maximum speed to . Main wing fuel tanks were enlarged to which increased the range to (overloaded, one way). An electrically powered dorsal turret featuring a Type 99 cannon was introduced in place of G4M1's dorsal position with a Type 92 machine gun, total guns armed were two Type 99 cannons (one tail turret, one top turret), and four Type 92 machine guns (one nose, two waist, and one cockpit side). External differences also included increased nose glazing, flush side gun positions instead of blisters, and rounded tips of wings and tail surfaces. These major improvements also made it possible for the G4M2 to carry more powerful bombs; one Navy Type 91 Kai-7 aerial torpedo or one bomb or two bombs or one Type 3 No. 31 bomb (ray-detective type bomb) and twelve bombs. The G4M2 entered service in mid-1943.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: No flyable Mitsubishi G4Ms are left although several wrecks remain scattered in southeast Asia and on Pacific islands.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: Several other locations display pieces of G4Ms including the restored fuselage of a G4M2 is on display at the Kawaguchiko Motor Museum in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: Additionally the Smithsonian Institution retains the forward fuselage of a G4M3 Betty Model 34. Likely based in Oppama Air Field near Yokosuka, Japan there is no recorded tail number. The aircraft was part of 145 other Japanese aircraft for tests and evaluations by the U.S. Navy. After being flight tested as "Foreign Equipment Test number T2-2205" the airplane was dismembered by a cutting torch for unknown reasons.


title: Mitsubishi G4M

text: The wreck of Admiral Yamamoto's G4M1 Model 11 (Serial #2656) tail code "323" were still present at the crash site in the jungle near Panguna, Bougainville Island, with some parts and artifacts recovered and displayed at the museums in Papua New Guinea, Australia, and Japan. The wreck consisted of rear fuselage section and vertical stabilizer along with parts of the wings and engines. The crash site is accessible via prior arrangement to the landowners.


title: Editors (band)

text: Editors are an English rock band, formed in 2002 in Birmingham. Previously known as Pilot, The Pride and Snowfield, the band currently consists of Tom Smith (lead vocals, guitar, piano), Russell Leetch (bass guitar, synthesiser, backing vocals), Ed Lay (drums, percussion, backing vocals), Justin Lockey (lead guitar), Elliott Williams (keys, synthesizers, guitars, and backing vocals), and Benjamin John Power (composer and producer).


title: Editors (band)

text: Editors have so far released two platinum studio albums, and six in total, with several million combined sales. Their debut album "The Back Room" was released in 2005. It contained the hits "Munich" and "Blood" and the following year received a Mercury Prize nomination.


title: Editors (band)

text: Their follow-up album "An End Has a Start" went to number 1 in the UK Album Chart in June 2007 and earned the band a Brit Awards nomination for best British Band. It also spawned another Top 10 hit single, "Smokers Outside the Hospital Doors". The band's third album, "In This Light and on This Evening", was released in October 2009 and went straight to number 1 in the UK Album Chart. The band released their fourth studio album, "The Weight of Your Love", in July 2013, followed by self-produced "In Dream" in October 2015. In 2018, the band released their sixth album "Violence".


title: Editors (band)

text: Alongside their critical acclaim and strong success in the UK Singles Chart, they consistently enjoyed sold-out tours and numerous headlining festival slots. Their brand of dark indie rock is commonly compared to the sound of bands such as Echo & the Bunnymen, Joy Division, Interpol, The Chameleons and U2.


title: Editors (band)

text: The band met while studying Music Technology at Staffordshire University, but living in Birmingham and playing at venues such as the Jug of Ale and the Flapper & Firkin. In an interview in 2015, Tom Smith said, "Birmingham is very important. Looking back further it was where we all lived together in the early years, played all those Flapper and Jug of Ale shows, and then got our record deal. We've always said although only one of us was brought up there, Birmingham was the band's home".


title: Editors (band)

text: The band was initially known as Pilot and played its first show under this name in 2002. While in college, the band constructed a marketing strategy which involved placing hundreds of promotional stickers across the walls of Stafford asking "Who's the Pilot?". However, they realised the name was already taken by a 1970s Scottish pop group, so they changed their name to The Pride.


title: Editors (band)

text: They made a promo under this name with the tracks "Come Share the View" and "Forest Fire" and made the songs available on BBC Radio 1's "Onemusic Unsigned". A review of the songs reads ""The Pride" keep things subliminally lo-fi. Refreshingly simple and restrained, "Come Share The View" is a lesson in welding hypnotic soundscapes with white noise while showing allegiance to the school of slo-mo on "Forest Fire"". The band then took its music offline to encourage more "A&R" representatives to see them perform.


title: Editors (band)

text: Ed Lay replaced Geraint Owen on drums as he began to focus on his Welsh band "The Heights". Under this lineup they became known as Snowfield. They played their debut gig under this name at the request of Fused Magazine in March 2003. The following summer the band self-released a demo six-track EP, all of which went on to become future Editors songs. Then, as it was the home of their management and the nearest big city, the band relocated to Birmingham after graduation in the autumn of 2003.


title: Editors (band)

text: For the next year, the band members worked part-time jobs along with the rest of their work with the band. After regular gigging around the Midlands, it was not long until word of mouth helped them become a popular unsigned band. They sent out a one-track demo CD of "Bullets", attracting the interest of several British labels, with thirty A&R reps coming to see them play in Birmingham. In October 2004, the group signed to Newcastle based indie label Kitchenware Records. At that point they changed their band name to Editors.


title: Editors (band)

text: After supporting bands such as Puressence and Oceansize, Editors released debut single "Bullets" recorded with producer Gavin Monaghan as a limited edition of 1000 copies on Kitchenware Records on 24 January 2005. The song had previously been played by Zane Lowe on BBC Radio 1, where it was 'Single of the Week'. The limited run sold out on the day of its release, with copies selling relater the same week for more than £30 on eBay.


title: Editors (band)

text: The release of "Munich" followed in April of that year and gave the band their first Top 25 hit, another sold out UK tour and a place on MTV's Spanking New Music show in Manchester. At this point, due to the band's increasing popularity, Editors and Kitchenware signed an exclusive distribution deal with Sony BMG. "Blood" was released two months later, reaching number 18 in the UK Singles Chart in its first week, selling 5,286 copies. With these releases their fanbase continued to grow and on 25 July 2005 their debut album "The Back Room" was released to critical acclaim and commercial success. In its first week, the album entered the charts at number 13, selling 17,627 copies. After re-issuing "Bullets" and achieving another Top 30 hit, Editors gained a high-profile support slot, supporting Franz Ferdinand in arenas across the UK and Europe.


title: Editors (band)

text: Editors then re-issued "Munich" in January 2006, selling one and half thousand more copies than the last time it was released. The song gave Editors their first Top 10 single and an appearance on "Top of the Pops". With the single release, "The Back Room" also rose back up the album charts, peaking at number 2. It sold an additional 40,000 copies in the week of "Munich"'s release and went platinum in the process. A joint North American tour with Stellastarr* coincided with the American release of "The Back Room" in March 2006. It was released by Fader label and sold 35,000 albums after 20 weeks. The band went on to play influential American festivals in 2006 such as Coachella and Lollapalooza. Editors proceeded to perform "Munich" on the American television show "Late Night with Conan O'Brien".


title: Editors (band)

text: At the end of March, Editors released "All Sparks" as a single in the United Kingdom, achieving a position of 21 in the singles chart. After a European tour which included three successive nights at Brixton Academy, Editors re-issued a limited edition of "Blood". It entered the Top 40, pushing the album up the chart 45 places. Shortly after this, "The Back Room" hit the million mark in sales worldwide and was also nominated for the 2006 Mercury Prize. After a string of high-profile festival shows across Europe, including slots on T in the Park, V 2006 and the Isle of Wight Festival, Editors began work on their second album.


title: Editors (band)

text: Editors recorded their second album "An End Has a Start" with producer Jacknife Lee in Grouse Lodge, Ireland over a two-month period beginning in late November 2006. It was released on 25 June 2007 and went straight to number 1 in the UK album charts, selling 59,405 copies in its first week. The album was preceded by the Top 10 single "Smokers Outside the Hospital Doors" on the 18th. The song was Editors' highest-charting single at number 7 and it also earned its own Making the Video episode on MTV.


title: Editors (band)

text: Just after its release, Editors played at the Glastonbury Festival with a second from top slot on "The Other Stage". They also played many other festivals such as Oxegen, Lowlands and Pukkelpop over the following weeks, as well as playing their first ever tour dates in Australia and New Zealand. They then released the album's title track "An End Has a Start" in September to coincide with their North American tour. Editors went on to play the song live on American television shows such as "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" and "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno".


title: Editors (band)

text: Upon returning to the UK, the band contributed a cover of the Cure's "Lullaby" to the Radio 1 Established 1967 compilation, again working with producer Gavin Monaghan, which was released on 1 October 2007. Shortly after this, Editors played a 75-minute set for the BBC Electric Proms at KOKO in London with backing from a classical string quartet. In November, they released "The Racing Rats" as the third single off the album. Editors played it live on 'Friday Night with Jonathan Ross' and it helped the song reach number 26 in the UK Charts. It also reached number 12 in the Dutch Top 40, the band's highest ever single charting outside of the UK at that point.


title: Editors (band)

text: For the first two months of 2008, Editors played 30 shows on a tour across America and Canada. During the tour Editors were nominated for a Brit Award, in the Best British Group Category. Also as a result of the nomination, one of the North American tour dates had to be cancelled, as the band had to return to London to attend the prize ceremony. A month later, Editors announced "Push Your Head Towards the Air" to be the fourth single from "An End Has a Start". This release was a limited special edition which was ineligible to chart. Along with this release Editors engaged in their biggest and most extensive British tour to date. They played arenas such as the 12,000 capacity National Indoor Arena in Birmingham and two sold out dates in London's Alexandra Palace.


title: Editors (band)

text: In June, they released "Bones" as a download only single in Continental Europe to coincide with the summer festival season, the video of which was directed by the band's bassist Russell Leetch. Shortly afterwards, Editors played at the Glastonbury Festival, playing on the pyramid stage for the first time. The band then played their second major support slot of their history supporting R.E.M. on a 16 date summer tour across Europe alongside their festival dates which included the headlining of the Lowlands Festival in August.


title: Editors (band)

text: Lead singer Smith revealed that the band will explore a new direction on their next album, pursuing a new, rawer sound. Before January 2009, Editors had written around eighteen new songs for the new album and they have been described as some of the most synthetic, raw and anthemic songs they have written to date. In October the band went to the studio to record some demos. The band spent the first week of April recording the album and on 8 April, they released a short video with information about the recording process. It announced that Mark 'Flood' Ellis would be the producer for the album. Earlier on in the year, the sound of the album was said to have a very electric feel; the band often using the Terminator theme song as a reference.


title: Editors (band)

text: On 2 June 2009, it was announced that the new album title would be "In This Light and on This Evening" and that they would be the first band to play at the new O2 Academy Birmingham. Through producer Flood's heavy usage of synthesisers, the album provided a synthpop and post-punk sound to Editors' production.


title: Editors (band)

text: The album was released on 12 October and debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart. Alongside the album, the band released lead single "Papillon" and it led them to their first taste of number one success outside the UK, with the song hitting the top position in Belgium and being certified Gold in the process. After releasing singles "You Don't Know Love", "Last Day" and "Eat Raw Meat = Blood Drool" to limited chart success, it was announced that their unreleased song "No Sound But the Wind" would appear on the "New Moon soundtrack". A live version of the song was later released in continental Europe in September 2010 and again achieved the same success as "Papillon" in Belgium, going to number 1 and being certified Gold.


title: Editors (band)

text: In November 2010 it was confirmed that a boxset called "Unedited" compiling the first 3 albums, as well as b-sides and previously unreleased songs on 7 12" records, 7 CDs and 7 MP3 albums, alongside a book of photos and words, would be released in early 2011. The boxset included the full band version of "No Sound But The Wind", demos of "Camera" and "These Streets Are Still Home To Me", and an unreleased version of "The Weight of the World", called "Every Little Piece".


title: Editors (band)

text: On 26 November 2010 Smith announced on the band's website that they had started work on a new album, that it would again be produced by Flood, and that they were recording "in stages over 2011", and that first rehearsals started in "a matter of days".


title: Editors (band)

text: On 26 March 2011, Editors performed their first tour date of the year at the Royal Albert Hall as the headline act for the penultimate show in the 2011 Teenage Cancer Trust, during which they showcased two new songs, "Two Hearted Spider" and "The Sting". In October 2011, Editors played their first shows ever in Latin America with two dates in Mexico City.


title: Editors (band)

text: In October 2011, Smith spoke to Q Radio about the new album. "It's still going to be fairly electronic, I think, compared to our earlier records. So far it feels quite muscular with a bit of swagger and a bit more of a groove. The last record was liberating in lots of different ways and I think we just need to, kind of, build on that... with a nod to our past as well. It's our fourth record and we don't want to feel like we're doing the same thing again."


title: Editors (band)

text: On 22 November 2011, Russell Leetch, the band's bassist posted on the band's official site saying they have seven songs ready to record and some more ideas "floating around" and that the album "will be with you next year."


title: Editors (band)

text: On 16 April 2012, it was announced that Chris Urbanowicz had left the group due to a difference in musical direction.


title: Editors (band)

text: Following Urbanowicz's departure the band played their first shows as a five piece with new members Justin Lockey and Elliott Williams in Birmingham, UK on 26 and 27 June 2012. On 29 June, they played at Main Square Festival in Arras, France, and on 30 June they headlined Rock Werchter festival in Belgium. At the shows they played new versions of "Two Hearted Spider" and "The Sting" as well as two new songs, "Sugar" and "Nothing".


title: Editors (band)

text: On 8 April 2013 Tom Smith stated, via his official Twitter account, that "the record is being mastered today. it's finished. done."


title: Editors (band)

text: On 6 May 2013 Zane Lowe stated, via his official Twitter account, that the new Editors record would be entitled "The Weight of Your Love". The first single for this album is "A Ton of Love". In February 2014 the band released their fourth single, "Sugar".


title: Editors (band)

text: During 2014, Elliott Williams left the band for a period of touring to work on his own music project YdotOdotU, supporting The 1975. The band continued to tour with musician Nicholas Willes.


title: Editors (band)

text: In October 2014, the band reconvened in Scotland to work on their fifth album. During a session supporting Andy Burrows on Jo Wiley's Radio 2 show, Tom Smith confirmed the album's songs had been written.


title: Editors (band)

text: On 20 April 2015, the band released a new song entitled 'No Harm' for free download. The song later became available through retailers, and on 11 May, its official video was posted on their YouTube channel. On 18 June, they released a video for the album's lead single, 'Marching Orders'. The video, directed by Rahi Rezvani (as was 'No Harm'), was filmed in the Western Highlands of Scotland. The song was released on 19 June for digital download, and a limited run of 300 12" vinyl test pressings were distributed randomly throughout Oxfam stores.


title: Editors (band)

text: On 15 July 2015 the band announced the album "In Dream" via Facebook. It is the first Editors record to feature a duet. The third single and video 'Life is a Fear' got its first play on Zane Lowe's Apple Music Beats1 radio show on 11 August 2015. Its video, again directed by Rahi Rezvani, was uploaded to YouTube on the same day. On 22 September, Editors shared 'The Law', an album track which features Rachel Goswell of Slowdive.


title: Editors (band)

text: The fifth album "In Dream", produced by Editors themselves and mixed by Alan Moulder, was released on 2 October 2015. It marks the band's collaboration with the Iranian born Dutch photographer, film and music video director Rahi Rezvani who also directed the video for 'Ocean of Night', released on 24 November. In October 2015, Editors together with Brussels Beer Project has released their own beer 'Salvation', named after a track on their album "In Dream".


title: Editors (band)

text: In support of the album the band embarked on a 42-date tour, playing throughout October, November and December in the UK, Ireland and Europe. Editors supported Manic Street Preachers across the UK on the 20th anniversary tour of the album "Everything Must Go". They also performed at Glastonbury, Bråvalla, Rock Werchter, Bilbao BBK Live 2016 and more than 20 festivals.


title: Editors (band)

text: Editors released their sixth album, "Violence", on 9 March 2018. The lead single, 'Magazine', premiered on Jo Whiley's BBC Radio 2 show on 15 January 2018. The second single "Hallelujah (So Low)" premiered on Annie Mac's BBC Radio 1 show on 21 February 2018.


title: Editors (band)

text: In 2019, the band released their first compilation album, "Black Gold", featuring 13 tracks from across their career along with three new songs: "Black Gold", "Frankenstein" and "Upside Down", which were produced by Jacknife Lee. The deluxe edition of the release featured eight stripped-down acoustic versions of previously released material under the title "Distance: The Acoustic Recordings". The release was followed by a 2020 best of tour.


title: Editors (band)

text: On 20 April 2022 the band released the single "Heart Attack", and announced the addition of Benjamin John Power, who had previously worked with the band on the "Violence" album, as an official band member. On 22 September 2022, the band released their seventh album, "EBM".


title: Editors (band)

text: Editors' own variation of dark indie guitar rock draws on influences from both older and contemporary bands. Their influences include Echo & the Bunnymen, Joy Division, the Strokes, the Walkmen, Elbow, and R.E.M. The band draw their musical style particularly from the latter two bands' debut albums "Asleep in the Back" and "Murmur". While often compared to Joy Division and Echo and the Bunnymen by the media, the band commented that those bands are too old to have a major impact on their musical style. Upon Editors' first appearances in the British music scene, they were also heavily compared to American indie band Interpol.


title: Editors (band)

text: Editors' first album, "The Back Room", was described as having a wiry and raw sound, which led it to being famously dubbed 'dark disco' by the NME. This sound was created by the use of synthesisers, catchy guitar riffs and simple, ambiguous lyrics. "An End Has a Start" showed progression to a new 'bigger' sound. This new sound was created by adding more textured layers to the songs as well as incorporating new forms of music into them. These include the adding of a choir in "Smokers Outside the Hospital Doors" and the inclusion of the sounds of the band playing Hide-and-seek in the song "Spiders".


title: Editors (band)

text: Lead singer Smith announced that the band would explore a new direction on their next album, pursuing a new, rawer sound. The new sound materialised itself on the third album through the use of traditional synthesisers instead of the band's previous use of guitars. The producer of "In This Light and on This Evening", Flood also increased the importance of "vibe" in the music's sound, making it darker than the previous two albums, while also attempting to make the album sound as if it had been recorded live.


title: Editors (band)

text: While Smith tends to write the lyrics and chords, song writing overall is a collaborative effort. The song writing starts with Smith on the piano or acoustic guitar where he records them and sends them to the other band members where the song is turned into a full 'Editors song'. Smith has said that he purposely makes the lyrics ambiguous so people can draw their own conclusions.


title: Editors (band)

text: "To us, it's interesting if it has a darkness," said Smith in 2015. "Whatever that is. On the lyric side of things, if I was singing about dancefloors or happier or rosier things, it wouldn't ring true for me. I don't know why that is. People quite often say, 'oh, you write these sad lyrics but you're not a sad person' - and I'm not... I don't think you need to be sad to write a sad song, everybody has a dark side."


title: MF Ghost

text: The series takes place in the 2020s, where self-driving electric cars have replaced internal combustion ones. However, in Japan, there is a large organization called MFG, founded by Ryosuke Takahashi (from the "Initial D" series), who does street racing with internal combustion cars. A new rookie, who is competing with the pseudonym , a 19 year old Japanese-British young man, has showed up on the scene driving a Toyota 86, and beating European top-tier cars, such as the Lamborghini Huracan Performante, Ferrari 488 GTB, Lotus Exige, Alfa Romeo 4C, Lexus LC500 and Porsche 911 Carrera. Kanata has been trained by legendary downhill and rally racer Takumi Fujiwara (protagonist from the "Initial D" series) at the Royal Donington Racing School in the UK and is a Formula 4 world champion. He has only one motive: to find his long-lost father.


title: MF Ghost

text: "MF Ghost" is written and illustrated by Shuichi Shigeno. The manga began in Kodansha's "seinen" manga magazine "Weekly Young Magazine" on September 4, 2017. The series is connected to Shigeno's previous work "Initial D". In October 2018, Shigeno stated that the manga is 1/5 finished. In November 2022, it was announced that the manga would enter on indefinite hiatus due to the author's poor health. Kodansha has compiled its chapters into individual "tankōbon" volumes. The first volume was published on January 5, 2018. As of September 6, 2022, fifteen volumes have been released.


title: MF Ghost

text: Kodansha USA and Comixology announced that they would publish the manga digitally starting on January 11, 2022.


title: MF Ghost

text: An anime television series adaptation was announced on January 4, 2022. It is produced by Felix Film and directed by Tomohito Naka, with Kenichi Yamashita supervising the scripts co-written by Akihiko Inari, Naoyuki Onda designing the characters, and Akio Dobashi composing the music. The series is set to premiere in 2023. Medialink licensed the series in South and Southeast Asia.


title: MF Ghost

text: As of January 2019, the manga had over 1 million copies in circulation. As of January 2022, the manga had over 3.2 million copies in circulation.


title: Tasya Teles

text: Tasya Teles (born February 1, 1985) is a Canadian actress. She is known for her role as Echo in The CW's "The 100". Teles has also played Kendra in DirecTV's "Rogue", Nat in the Crave series "Shoresy", and Daniella in BBC America's "Intruders".


title: Tasya Teles

text: Teles was born in Toronto, Ontario. Her mother was born in Edmonton, Alberta, while her father is Brazilian from Minas Gerais state. She and her family moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, when she was five years old. Teles studied theatre at Concordia University in Montreal, Quebec.


title: Tasya Teles

text: Teles played a recurring role on DirecTV's "Rogue" and was a series regular on The CW's "The 100" in the role of Echo. She has appeared on Showcase's "Continuum", Lifetime's "Witches of East End", USA Network's "Rush", BBC America's "Intruders" and The CW's "Supernatural" and "iZombie". Teles has also been featured in the Lifetime television film "Grumpy Cat's Worst Christmas Ever", as well as having had a lead role in the Lifetime movies "Damaged" and "Autumn Dreams". She has worked on several indie features, including starring roles in "Leila", "Regret", "Magdalena", "Eat Me" and "Skin Trade". She also voices Sitara in the video game "Watch Dogs 2".