title: Hypovolemic shock

text: Damage control resuscitation is to occur in conjunction with prompt intervention to control the source of bleeding. Strategies may differ depending on proximity to definitive treatment.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: For patients in hemorrhagic shock, early use of blood products over crystalloid resuscitation results in better outcomes. Balanced transfusion using 1:1:1 or 1:1:2 of plasma to platelets to packed red blood cells results in better hemostasis. Anti-fibrinolytic administration to patients with severe bleed within 3 hours of traumatic injury appears to decrease death from major bleed as shown in the CRASH-2 trial. Research on oxygen-carrying substitutes as an alternative to packed red blood cells is ongoing, although no blood substitutes have been approved for use in the United States.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: For patients in hypovolemic shock due to fluid losses, the exact fluid deficit cannot be determined. Therefore, it is prudent to start with 2 liters of isotonic crystalloid solution infused rapidly as an attempt to quickly restore tissue perfusion. Fluid repletion can be monitored by measuring blood pressure, urine output, mental status, and peripheral edema. Multiple modalities exist for measuring fluid responsiveness such as ultrasound, central venous pressure monitoring, and pulse pressure fluctuation as described above. Vasopressors may be used if blood pressure does not improve with fluids.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: Crystalloid fluid resuscitation is preferred over colloid solutions for severe volume depletion not due to bleeding. The type of crystalloid used to resuscitate the patient can be individualized based on the patients' chemistries, estimated volume of resuscitation, acid/base status, and physician or institutional preferences.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: Isotonic saline is hyperchloremic relative to blood plasma, and resuscitation with large amounts can lead to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Several other isotonic fluids with lower chloride concentrations exist, such as lactated Ringer's solution or PlasmaLyte. These solutions are often referred to as buffered or balanced crystalloids. Some evidence suggests that patients who need large volume resuscitation may have a less renal injury with restrictive chloride strategies and use of balanced crystalloids. Crystalloid solutions are equally as effective and much less expensive than colloid. Commonly used colloid solutions include those containing albumin or hyperoncotic starch. Studies examining albumin solutions for resuscitation have not shown improved outcomes, while other studies have shown resuscitation with hyper-oncotic starch leads to increased mortality rate and renal failure. Patients in shock can appear cold, clammy, and cyanotic.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: Hypothermia increases the mortality rate of patients with hypovolemic shock. It is advised to keep the patient warm for the sake of maintaining the temperatures of all kinds of fluids inside the patient.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: If the vital organs are deprived of perfusion for more than just a short time, the prognosis is generally not good. Shock is still a medical emergency characterized by a high mortality rate. Early identification of patients who are likely to succumb to their illness is of utmost importance.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: Trauma remains a leading cause of death worldwide with approximately half of these attributed to hemorrhage. In the United States in 2001, trauma was the third leading cause of death overall, and the leading cause of death in those aged 1 to 44 years. While trauma spans all demographics, it disproportionately affects the young with 40% of injuries occurring in ages 20 to 39 years by one country's account. Of this 40%, the greatest incidence was in the 20 to 24-year-old range.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: The preponderance of hemorrhagic shock cases resulting from trauma is high. During one year, one trauma center reported 62.2% of massive transfusions occur in the setting of trauma. The remaining cases are divided among cardiovascular surgery, critical care, cardiology, obstetrics, and general surgery, with trauma utilizing over 75% of the blood products.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: As patients age, physiological reserves decrease the likelihood of anticoagulant use increases and the number of comorbidities increases. Due to this, elderly patients are less likely to handle the physiological stresses of hemorrhagic shock and may decompensate more quickly.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: While the incidence of hypovolemic shock from extracellular fluid loss is difficult to quantify, it is known that hemorrhagic shock is most commonly due to trauma. In one study, 62.2% of massive transfusions at a level 1 trauma center were due to traumatic injury. In this study, 75% of the blood products used were related to traumatic injury. Elderly patients are more likely to experience hypovolemic shock due to fluid losses as they have a less physiologic reserve.


title: Hypovolemic shock

text: Hypovolemia secondary to diarrhea and/or dehydration is thought to be predominant in low-income countries.


title: Hiba Bukhari

text: Hiba Bukhari has played a role of Seemal in the Hum TV's "Thori Si Wafa" (2017) for which she won the Hum Award for Best Soap Actress. She is known for her leading roles in "Bholi Bano" (2017), "Silsilay" (2018), "Ramz-e-Ishq" (2019), "Deewangi" (2019) and "Fitoor" (2021), "Inteha e Ishq" (2021) and "Meray Humnasheen" (2022) .


title: Hiba Bukhari

text: Hiba was born in Karachi to a Sindhi family on 29 June 1994. She obtained her F.Sc from Jinnah Government College in Nazimabad.


title: Hiba Bukhari

text: Her first TV appearance was on Geo TV's "Teri Meri Jodi", in a supporting role. She then appeared in a leading role in "Bholi Bano", in which she played an innocent girl opposite Syed Jibran. Her appearance in Hum TV's soap opera "Thori Si Wafa" gained her recognition and also an award for the Best Soap Actress at the Hum Awards. She also appeared in the anthology series "Yeh Ishq Hai", in a short episode "Teri Meri Kahani" opposite Agha Ali. In 2018, she appeared as mischievous Hira in "Silsilay" with Junaid Khan and later in "Haara Dil" opposite Danish Taimoor. Subsequently, she portrayed Nageen and Dilnasheen in Deewangi and Fitoor, respectively.


title: Agadir

text: Agadir (; ) is a major city in Morocco, on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean near the foot of the Atlas Mountains, just north of the point where the Souss River flows into the ocean, and south of Casablanca. Agadir is the capital of the Agadir Ida-U-Tanan Prefecture and of the Souss-Massa economic region. The majority of its inhabitants speak Berber, one of Morocco's two official languages.


title: Agadir

text: Agadir is one of the major urban centres of Morocco. The municipality of Agadir recorded a population of 924,000 in the 2014 Moroccan census. According to the 2004 census, there were 346,106 inhabitants in that year and the population of the Prefecture of Agadir-Ida Outanane was 487,954 inhabitants. Three languages are spoken in the city: Tashelhit (first language of the majority), Moroccan Arabic, and French.


title: Agadir

text: It was the site of the 1911 Agadir Crisis that exposed tensions between France and Germany, foreshadowing World War I. The city was destroyed by an earthquake in 1960; it has been completely rebuilt with mandatory seismic standards. It is now the largest seaside resort in Morocco, where foreign tourists and many residents are attracted by an unusually mild year-round climate. Since 2010 it has been well served by low-cost flights and a motorway from Tangier.


title: Agadir

text: The mild winter climate (January average midday temperature 20.5 °C/69 °F) and good beaches have made it a major "winter sun" destination for northern Europeans.


title: Agadir

text: The name Agadir is a common Berber noun "agadir" meaning 'wall, enclosure, fortified building, citadel'. This noun is attested in most Berber languages, and may be a loanword from Phoenician-Punic, a Semitic language spoken in North Africa in antiquity.


title: Agadir

text: There are many more towns in Morocco called Agadir. The city of Agadir's full name in Tashelhit is "Agadir n Yighir", literally 'the fortress of the cape', referring to the nearby promontory named Cape Ighir on maps (a pleonastic name, literally 'Cape Cape'). Ighir in Berber refers to a mountain or a hill.


title: Agadir

text: A single male inhabitant or native of the town is known in Tashelhit as a "gg ugadir" (also a common surname, "Gougadir" in French spelling), plural "ayt ugadir" 'men of Agadir' (also a collective name, 'men and women of Agadir, people of Agadir'); a single feminine inhabitant is a "ult ugadir" 'woman of Agadir', plural "ist ugadir" 'women of Agadir'. In Moroccan Arabic, an inhabitant is a "agadiri", plural "agadiriyin", feminine "agadiriya", plural "agadiriyat".


title: Agadir

text: Numismatic inscriptions in the Phoenician language record that the Phoenicians knew Cádiz as "a Gadir" or "Agadir" (Phoenician: 𐤀𐤂𐤃𐤓, ʾgdr), meaning 'wall', 'compound', or (by metonymy) 'stronghold'. Borrowed into Berber languages, this became "agadir" (Tamazight: 'wall'; Shilha: 'fortified granary'), a word that is common in North African place names.


title: Agadir

text: Phoenicians from Tyre founded Agadir (alternately, "Gadir") around 1104 BC. There is little record of the area before that time.


title: Agadir

text: The oldest known map that includes an indication of Agadir is from 1325: at the approximate location of the modern city, it names a place it calls "Porto Mesegina", after a Berber tribe name that had been recorded as early as the 12th century, the "Mesguina" (also known as the "Ksima"). At the end of the medieval period, Agadir was a town of some renown. The first known mention of its name, "Agadir al-harba", was recorded in 1510.


title: Agadir

text: In the late 15th century the Portuguese began to occupy positions along the Moroccan coast. In 1505 the Portuguese nobleman João Lopes de Sequeira occupied the area in 1505. He built a wooden castle at the foot of a hill, near a spring, and a Portuguese colony named "Santa Cruz do Cabo do Gué" was created. The site still bears the name of Funti or Founti (from the Portuguese word "fonte," meaning "fountain"). The castle was later bought by the King of Portugal on 25 January 1513.


title: Agadir

text: The Portuguese presence elicited growing hostility from the local population of the Sous region, who initiated a years-long economic and military blockade of the port. In 1510 Muhammad al-Qa'im, the leader of a Sharifian family in that had established themselves in the Sous, was declared leader of the local military efforts against the Sous. His descendants went on to found the Sa'di dynasty which rose to power over the following decades and evenually established their capital at Marrakesh. In 1540 the Sa'di sultan Muhammad al-Shaykh occupied the main hill (now Agadir Oufla) above the Portuguese and installed artillery to prepare an attack on the fortress below. The siege of the colony began on 16 February 1541 and was successfully concluded on 12 March of the same year.


title: Agadir

text: Six hundred Portuguese survivors were taken prisoner, including the governor, Guterre de Monroy, and his daughter, Dona Mecia. The captives were redeemed by the holy men, who were mostly from Portugal. Dona Mecia, whose husband was killed during the battle, became the wife of Sheikh Mohammed ash-Sheikh but died in childbirth in 1544. In the same year, Mohammed ash-Sheikh released Guterre de Monroy, whom he had befriended. After this, the Portuguese were forced to abandon most of the Moroccan areas that they had acquired control of between 1505 and 1520, including Agadir, Safi and Azemmour. By 1550, Portugal's only holding in Morocco was Mazagan (now El Jadida), Tangier and Ceuta. As Morocco became less important to the Portuguese, they turned their attention to India and Brazil.


title: Agadir

text: The story of the Portuguese presence (from the installation in 1505 until their defeat on 12 March 1541) is described in a manuscript (published for the first time, with a French translation by Pierre de Cenival, in 1934) entitled "Este He O Origem e Comeco e Cabo da Villa de Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gue D'Agoa de Narba", written by an anonymous author who was captured in 1934 and was imprisoned for five years in Taroudannt (cf. "Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gue d'Agoa de Narba – Estudo e Crónica", Joao Marinho e Santos, José Manuel Azevedo e Silva e Mohammed Nadir, bilingual edition, Viseu 2007).


title: Agadir

text: After the Sa'di victory the site was then left unoccupied for years until Muhammad al-Shaykh's successor, Abdallah al-Ghalib (r. 1557–1574), built a new fortress (or kasbah) on the hilltop. It was now called "Agadir N'Ighir" (literally: "fortified granary of the hill" in Tachelhit.


title: Agadir

text: In the 17th century, during the reign of the Berber dynasty of Tazerwalt, Agadir was a harbour of some importance, expanding its trade with Europe. There was, however, neither a real port nor a wharf. Agadir traded mainly in sugar, wax, copper, hides and skins. In exchange, Europeans sold their manufactured goods there, particularly weapons and textiles. Under the reign of Sultan Moulay Ismail (1645–1727) and his successors, the trade with France, which had previously been an active partner, diminished, and trade with the English and Dutch increased.


title: Agadir

text: In 1731, the town was completely destroyed by an earthquake. After that, Agadir's harbour was ordered to be closed, and an alternative, Essaouira, was established farther north.


title: Agadir

text: After a long period of prosperity during the reigns of the Saadian and Alawite dynasties, Agadir declined from 1760 because of the pre-eminence given to the competing port of Essaouira by the Alawite Sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah who wanted to punish the Souss for rebelling against his authority. This decline lasted a century and a half. In 1789, a European traveler gave a brief description of Agadir: "It is now a ghost town, there are no more than a few houses and these are crumbling into ruins".


title: Agadir

text: In 1881, Sultan Moulay Hassan reopened the harbour to trade in order to supply the expeditions he planned in the south. These expeditions, which were to reassert his authority over the Souss tribes and counter the plans of English and Spanish, were held in 1882 and 1886.


title: Agadir

text: In 1884, Charles de Foucauld described in "Reconnaissance au Maroc" (Reconnaissance in Morocco) his rapid passage to Agadir from the east:


title: Agadir

text: On the pretext of a call for help from German companies in the valley of the Souss, Germany decided on 1 July 1911, to extend its interests in Morocco and assert a claim on the country. It sent to the Bay of Agadir, (which harbour was, until 1881, closed to foreign trade) the which was quickly joined by the cruiser "Berlin". Very strong international reaction, particularly from Great Britain, surprised Germany and triggered the Agadir Crisis between France and Germany. War threatened. After tough negotiations, a Franco-German treaty was finally signed on 4 November 1911, giving a free hand to France, who would be able to establish its protectorate over Morocco in return for giving up some colonies in Africa. It was only then that the gunboat "Panther" and the cruiser "Berlin" left the bay of Agadir. Due to a miscalculation, the German sales representative Hermann Wilberg, who was sent to provide the pretext for the intervention, only arrived at Agadir three days after the "Panther" arrived.


title: Agadir

text: In 1913, the cities (Agadir N'Ighir and Founti) totalled less than a thousand inhabitants. On 15 June 1913 French troops landed in Agadir. In 1916, the first pier was built near Founti – a simple jetty, later known as the "Portuguese jetty", which remained until the end of the 20th century. After 1920, under the French protectorate, a port was built and the city saw its first development with the construction of the old Talborjt district located on the plateau at the foot of the hill. Two years later, beside Talborjt along the faultline of the river Tildi construction of the popular district of Yahchech began.


title: Agadir

text: Around 1930, Agadir was an important stop for the French airmail service Aéropostale and was frequented by Saint-Exupéry and Mermoz.


title: Agadir

text: In the years from 1930, a modern central city began to be built according to the plans of the urban planner Henri Prost, director of the Urban Planning Department of the Protectorate, and his deputy Albert Laprade: a horseshoe layout based on the waterfront around a large avenue perpendicular to the waterfront – the Avenue Lyautey, since renamed Avenue du Général Kettani. In the 1950s, urban development continued under the direction of the Director of Urban Planning Morocco, Michel Ecochard.


title: Agadir

text: After 1950 and the opening of the new commercial port, the city grew with fishing, canning, agriculture, and mining. It also began to open up to tourism due to its climate and hotel infrastructure. Several years later from 1950 to 1956 Agadir organised the and, from 1954 to 1956, the Moroccan Grand Prix.


title: Agadir

text: In 1959, the port was visited by the yacht of the Greek shipping magnate Aristotle Onassis and his guest, Winston Churchill.


title: Agadir

text: By 1960, Agadir numbered over 40,000 residents when at 15 minutes to midnight on 29 February 1960, it was again almost totally destroyed by an earthquake of magnitude 5.7 on the Richter scale that lasted 15 seconds, burying the city and killing more than a third of the population. The death toll was estimated at 15,000. The earthquake destroyed the ancient Casbah.


title: Agadir

text: The current city was rebuilt further south, led by the architects associated with GAMMA, including Jean-François Zevaco, Elie Azagury, Pierre Coldefy, and Claude Verdugo, with consultation from Le Corbusier. Agadir became a large city of over half a million by 2004, with a large port with four basins: the commercial port with a draft of 17 metres, triangle fishing, fishing port, and a pleasure boat port with marina. Agadir was the premier sardine port in the world in the 1980s and has a beach stretching over 10 km with fine seafront promenades. Its climate has 340 days of sunshine per year which allows for swimming all year round. The winter is warm and in summer, haze is common.


title: Agadir

text: With Marrakech, Agadir is a very important centre for tourism to Morocco, and the city is the most important fishing port in the country. Business is also booming with the export of citrus fruit and vegetables produced in the fertile valley of Souss.


title: Agadir

text: The city had an annual growth rate of over 6% per year in housing demand while housing production barely exceeds 3.4%.


title: Agadir

text: Agadir's economy relies mainly on tourism and fisheries. Agricultural activities are based around the city. Agadir has one of the biggest souks in Morocco (Souk Al Ahad).


title: Agadir

text: The fishing port is a major sardine port. The commercial port is also known for its exports of cobalt, manganese, zinc and citrus products. The Avenue du Port, the main artery of the Anza district, is surrounded by canneries and has many popular small restaurants adjacent to the fish market. The city has a cement company called Ciments du Maroc (CIMAR), a subsidiary of the Italian group Italcementi which is in process of being transferred to a new plant from the city. There is also a shipyard in the port and the only merchant marine school in Morocco.


title: Agadir

text: This area is named after the old district of Talborjt (meaning "small fort" in local Berber, in remembrance of the water tower which was first built on the plateau in the former Talborjt). Lively, the New Talborjt which has been rebuilt away from the Old Talborjt, has as the main artery the Boulevard Mohammed Sheikh Saadi, named after the victor against the Portuguese in 1541. Other major avenues are the Avenue President Kennedy and the Avenue February 29. There is also the Mohammed V mosque, the Olhão garden (Olhão is a coastal city in southern Portugal that is twinned with Agadir), and its memorial museum and the garden Ibn Zaydoun. Some good hotels and restaurants have been built on the main arteries.


title: Agadir

text: The "Casbah" ("Agadir Oufella", "Agadir le haut", "Agadir N'Ighir", or "Agadir de la colline") was, along with Founti by the sea, the oldest district of Agadir. An authentic fortress with winding streets and lively, the Casbah was built in 1572 by Abdallah al-Ghalib. Above the front door; today, the original inscription in Arabic and in English reads: "God, the Nation, the King."


title: Agadir

text: Of this fortress there remains, after the earthquake of 29 February 1960, a restored long high wall that surrounds land that is not buildable. There is, however, a view over the bay of Agadir and the ports. The old people of Agadir remember the "Moorish café" of the Casbah and its panoramic view.


title: Agadir

text: The hill bears the inscription in Arabic: "God, Country, King" which, like the walls, is illuminated at night.


title: Agadir

text: Overlooking the waterfront and Wadi Tildi, this old district (whose name is sometimes spelled "Talbordjt") was once a shopping area and very lively with its large square where there was a weekly market, hotels, schools, mosque. 90% of the buildings in Old Talborjt were destroyed or severely damaged by the earthquake in 1960. Razed to the ground after the earthquake and now overgrown, it is classified as non-buildable area. Its main thoroughfare, the Avenue El Moun stretches over and serves only for driving schools that teach their students to drive.


title: Agadir

text: This is the largest market in the region. It has about 6,000 small shops. It is surrounded by walls and has several entrances. It is organized into different sectors: furniture, crafts, clothing, vegetables, meat, spices etc. It is possible to find all kinds of handicrafts and traditional decorations.


title: Agadir

text: "La Médina" is a handicrafts space created in 1992 by the Italian artist Coco Polizzi, at Ben Sergao, a district close to Agadir from the city centre. Built using techniques of traditional Berber construction, it is a kind of small open-air museum, on five hectares and home to artisan workshops, a museum, individual residences, a small hotel, and an exotic garden.


title: Agadir

text: Agadir has a semi-arid climate (Köppen: "BSh") with warm summers and mild winters. Located along the Atlantic Ocean, Agadir has a very mild climate. The daytime temperature generally stays in the 20s °C (70s °F) every day, with the winter highs typically reaching in December and January.


title: Agadir

text: Rainfall is almost entirely confined to the winter months and is heavily influenced by the NAO, with negative NAO indices producing wet winters and positive NAO correlating with drought. For instance, in the wettest month on record of December 1963, as much as fell, whereas in the positive NAO year from July 1960 to June 1961 a mere occurred over the twelve months. The wettest year has been from July 1955 to June 1956 with .


title: Agadir

text: Occasionally however, the region experiences winds from the Sahara called "Chergui", which may exceptionally and for two to five days raise the heat above . The official record high temperature of Agadir is registered on July 17, 2012. The record of 51.7 °C degrees, which was on 19 August 1940, is disputed.


title: Agadir

text: In 1950, a poster from the Navigation Company Pacquet proclaimed: "Winter or summer, I bathe in Agadir".


title: Agadir

text: The Timitar festival, a festival of Amazigh culture and music from around the world, has been held in Agadir every summer since its inception in July 2004.


title: Agadir

text: The "Morocco Movement" association is involved in the arts and organizes concerts, exhibitions and meetings in the visual arts, design, music, graphic design, photography, environment and health.


title: Agadir

text: The city of Agadir has a university: the "University Ibn Zohr" which includes a Faculty of Science, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Faculty of Law, Economics and Social Sciences, the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, and the multi-disciplined Faculty of Ouarzazate.


title: Agadir

text: There is an international French school: the "French School of Agadir" and also public schools: "Youssef Ben Tachfine School", "Mohammed Reda-Slaoui School", and the "Al-Idrissi Technical College".


title: Agadir

text: The city of Agadir has a football club known as Hassania Agadir and the city has built the new Adrar Stadium, which the team plays its home matches at. The city also hosts the Royal Tennis Club of Agadir.


title: Agadir

text: The Hassan II Golf Trophy and Lalla Meryem Cup golf tournaments of the European Tour and Ladies European Tour are held at the Golf du Palais Royal in Agadir since 2011.


title: Agadir

text: Some of the most popular beaches in Morocco are located to the north of Agadir. Areas known for surfing are located near Taghazout village to Cap Ghir.


title: Agadir

text: Many smaller and clean beaches are located along this coast. Some of them between Agadir and Essaouira are: Agadir Beach, Tamaounza (12 km), Aitswal Beach, Imouran (17 km), Taghazout (19 km), Bouyirdn (20 km), Timzguida (22 km), Aghroud (30 km), Imiouadar (27 km).


title: Connor Bedard

text: Connor Bedard (born July 17, 2005) is a Canadian junior ice hockey centre for the Regina Pats of the Western Hockey League (WHL). Bedard was selected by the Regina Pats first overall in the WHL Bantam Draft in 2020 as the first WHL player of exceptional status. Bedard will be eligible for the 2023 NHL Entry Draft and is projected to be picked first overall.


title: Connor Bedard

text: In 2018, Bedard emerged as a young hockey prospect, being named "the future of hockey" in an article by "The Hockey News". Bedard played minor hockey with West Vancouver Academy Prep of the Canadian Sport School Hockey League. While playing with this school's U15 and U18 teams, Bedard led the league in goals and points and was named Most Valuable Player both years.


title: Connor Bedard

text: In March 2020, Bedard was granted exceptional status by Hockey Canada, and in the WHL Bantam Draft in 2020, Bedard was selected first overall by the Regina Pats as the first ever Western Hockey League (WHL) player of exceptional status. In September 2020, Bedard was loaned to the HV71 junior hockey system, where he played until the WHL returned to play for its 2020–21 season beginning in March 2021. As a rookie in the WHL, Bedard scored 12 goals and 16 assists for 28 points in just 15 games before leaving for the 2021 IIHF World U18 Championships, as a result of which he was named the Western Hockey League's East Division rookie of the year and subsequently awarded the Jim Piggott Memorial Trophy as the WHL's rookie of the year.


title: Connor Bedard

text: During the 2021–22 WHL season, Bedard became the youngest player ever to score 50 or more goals in a season, managing his 50th and 51st goals in the last game of the regular season. He finished the year with 51 goals and 49 assists for an even 100 points, ranking second in the WHL in goals and fourth in points. He was only the third 16-year-old to manage a 100-point season in the WHL, and the first to do so in the 21st century. As he attended the 2022 NHL Entry Draft as an observer, Bedard was profiled in "The New York Times" as "the most exciting future NHL player attending this week’s draft."


title: Connor Bedard

text: In April and May 2021, Bedard played for the Canada men's national under-18 ice hockey team in the 2021 IIHF World U18 Championships in Frisco, Texas, winning a gold medal, tying for second in the tournament in points and earning a spot on the media all-star team.


title: Connor Bedard

text: On December 12, 2021, Bedard became the seventh 16-year-old to be selected by Team Canada for the World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. Initially the thirteenth forward in the lineup, by the end of the team's first game he had been elevated to the top six. Bedard scored four goals in an 11–2 victory over Team Austria, breaking Wayne Gretzky's 44-year-old record for most goals by a 16-year-old at the championships, and tying the overall Team Canada record for most goals in a single World Junior game. The spread of the Omicron variant thereafter forced the suspension of the World Junior Championships. It was subsequently announced that the event would be rebooted in August of 2022.


title: Connor Bedard

text: On April 18, 2022, Bedard was named to the Canadian team for the 2022 IIHF World U18 Championships, the only returning player from the previous year's championship team. He scored a hat trick in the second game of the tournament, an 8–3 victory over Team Germany, breaking former teammate Shane Wright's record for Team Canada goal-scoring at the U18 Championships, and simultaneously breaking Mathew Barzal's Team Canada points record. Team Canada was eliminated in the quarterfinals following a 6–5 overtime loss to Team Finland, with Bedard scoring two goals in the game. Later in the summer, at the revived World Junior Championships, Bedard again played for Team Canada, attracting considerable attention for his shot. He recorded four goals and four assists over the course of the seven-game tournament, winning gold with Team Canada.


title: Connor Bedard

text: On December 12, 2022, Bedard was named to Team Canada to compete at the 2023 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.


title: Crème de cassis

text: Crème de cassis () (also known as Cassis liqueur) is a sweet, dark red liqueur made from blackcurrants.


title: Crème de cassis

text: The modern version of the beverage first appeared in 1841, when it displaced "ratafia de cassis", which had been produced in prior centuries.


title: Crème de cassis

text: While crème de cassis is a specialty of Burgundy, it is also made in Anjou, England, Luxembourg, Alberta, Quebec, Vermont and Tasmania.


title: Crème de cassis

text: The quality of crème de cassis depends upon the variety of fruit used, the content of the berries, and the production process. If it is labelled "Crème de Cassis de Dijon", one is guaranteed berries from the commune of Dijon.


title: Crème de cassis

text: In 1979, Germany attempted to restrict the import based on the alcohol content being too low. The Europe Court of Justice found this to be a breach of trade, in "Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein".


title: Crème de cassis

text: In 2015, the new protected geographical indication (PGI) "Crème de Cassis de Bourgogne" was approved. Promoted by a syndicate of fruit producers and liqueurs companies from Burgundy, this "Crème de Cassis de Bourgogne" guarantees the Burgundian origin and the minimum quantity of berries used in its production, essentially the variety Noir de Bourgogne.


title: Crème de cassis

text: Nearly of crème de cassis are produced annually in France. It is consumed mostly in France but is also exported.


title: How Do I Live

text: "How Do I Live" is a song written by Diane Warren. It was performed by American singer, songwriter and actress LeAnn Rimes and the extended version of the song was later featured on her second studio album, "" (1997). It was also performed by American singer and actress Trisha Yearwood, and her version was featured in the film "Con Air". Both versions were released to radio on May 23, 1997.


title: How Do I Live

text: In the US, Rimes's version peaked at 2 for five non-consecutive weeks in late 1997 and early 1998, behind "Candle in the Wind 1997" by Elton John and "Truly Madly Deeply" by Savage Garden. It set a record for staying on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart for 69 weeks, a record it held until "I'm Yours" by Jason Mraz set a new record of 76 weeks. Rimes' recording also set the record for the most time in the "Billboard" Hot 100's top 5 at 25 consecutive weeks and held the record for 19 years (until it was broken in early 2017 by The Chainsmokers' song "Closer"), the record for "Billboard" Hot 100's top 10 at 32 consecutive weeks (a record surpassed by "Shape of You" by Ed Sheeran in 2017). It ranks at No. 6 on "Billboard"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s All Time Top 100, the only single on the top 10 of this list not peaking at No. 1. It has been certified 3× Platinum by the RIAA for shipments of 3 million copies in the United States, the highest certified country single of that time, to be surpassed 12 years later by "Love Story" by Taylor Swift, which has been certified 8× Platinum.


title: How Do I Live

text: Despite only peaking as high as No. 7 in the UK Singles Chart, Rimes' version of "How Do I Live" spent 34 weeks on the chart, ending up as the 6th best selling single of 1998. As of August 2014, the song has sold 710,000 copies in the UK.


title: How Do I Live

text: "How Do I Live" was also covered by F.I.R. (Faye and Real featuring LeAnn Rimes). F.I.R. invited Rimes to record a portion of the song for their third album "Flight Tribe" in 2006. At the end of the decade "Billboard" would rank "How Do I Live" as the 12th-most-successful song of the 1990s. In 2014, to commemorate the magazine's 120th anniversary, "Billboard" reformulated the top Hot 100 songs for each decade, and "How Do I Live" finished as the No. 1 song of the 1990s, despite never reaching the position on the weekly tally. In a retrospective compilation in conjunction with SiriusXM from 2019, "Billboard" ranked "How Do I Live" second on their list of top performing songs of the decade.


title: How Do I Live

text: Diane Warren wrote "How Do I Live" for consideration for the 1997 action blockbuster "Con Air" soundtrack. She ran into LeAnn Rimes at a restaurant shortly following her win as Best New Artist during the 1997 Grammy Awards. Warren told Rimes that she wrote the song specifically with Rimes in mind, promising it to her. After she recorded the song the next day, Walt Disney Pictures, the company behind the Touchstone Pictures label, decided that Rimes' recording had too much of a "pop" sound, and that Rimes, then 14 at the time of the recording, was too young to sing about the subject matter of the song. The company then turned to Trisha Yearwood for the re-recording, to which the latter agreed. According to Yearwood, she was unaware of Rimes' recording prior to being approached by Touchstone Pictures to record the song.


title: How Do I Live

text: Yearwood's version, which utilized a more throaty, country-western vibe, appeared in the film. When Rimes' record label, Curb Records, heard of the release, they were reluctant to release Rimes' version until Warren personally called label founder Mike Curb and urged him to release Rimes' recording as a single; her version was then quickly released to mainstream pop radio on the same day as Yearwood's rendition. Neither Rimes' nor Yearwood's version of the song was included on the soundtrack album for the film (which consists of the score by Trevor Rabin and Mark Mancina).


title: How Do I Live

text: Rimes' version was released on a CD and cassette tape single, with the original rendition of the song plus an extended version, the latter of which was later re-issued on Rimes' "", while the former was issued on her "Greatest Hits" in 2003 in the US, "The Best of LeAnn Rimes" in 2004 internationally and again in the US on her "All-Time Greatest Hits" album in 2015. The CD single was later re-issued with the original version of the song as the A-side track with the B-side being replaced by the Mr. Mig's Dance Radio Edit, which would later be featured on the remix edition of "The Best of LeAnn Rimes" in 2004, while in 2014 her "Dance Like You Don't Give A...Greatest Hits Remixes" featured a new remix by Cahill.


title: How Do I Live

text: Larry Flick from "Billboard" described the song as a "straight-ahead pop ballad" and noted that Rimes "has a field day with this beautiful, richly soulful Diane Warren composition, giving it a youthful exuberance and wide-eyed innocence that will melt even the coldest heart." He also added that Rimes "is so vigorously courting the pop world with this single" and that she "has offered a tune that makes the most of her formidable pipes and leaves listeners salivating for more." Alanna Nash from "Entertainment Weekly" called it a "lush version". In 2019, "Stacker" placed Rimes' version of the song at No. 1 in their list of "Best 90s pop songs", noting it as a "classic break-up tune". David Sinclair from "The Times" viewed it as a "sludgy ballad by the 14-year-old prodigy."


title: How Do I Live

text: Regarding Yearwood's version, Flick stated that Yearwood "is a vocalist with the depth and intensity to convey the love and longing in the lyric." He added that the production by the singer with Tony Brown "is lush and textured, but it is her vocal that is this single's centerpiece. It's full of passion and subtle nuances." Alanna Nash from "Entertainment Weekly" described Yearwood's version as a "countrier rendition". She noted, "When Yearwood sings, ”If you ever leave/Baby, you would take away everything good in my life,” her voice throbs with adult emotion."


title: How Do I Live

text: Both the Rimes and the Yearwood versions debuted on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 on the week ending June 14, 1997. Rimes' version was noted for its extreme longevity, spending a record-breaking 69 weeks on the chart, with 62 of those weeks being in the top 40, 32 weeks in the top ten and 25 in the top five, all records at the time. Such was the run in the top five for Rimes that, despite not peaking at No. 1 and instead spending five non-consecutive weeks at No. 2, it competed directly with two songs by R&B singer Usher, "You Make Me Wanna..." and "Nice & Slow", which were released seven months apart from each other. This unprecedented success ultimately led to Rimes' version becoming the highest-selling country single at the time. Additionally, Rimes' version performed well on other component charts, most notably spending 11 weeks atop the Adult Contemporary chart.


title: How Do I Live

text: Despite this success, Trisha Yearwood's version was most successful on country radio. Although Yearwood's version was moving quickly up the pop charts, getting as high as No. 23, MCA refused to issue further copies of the single, afraid of cannibalizing album sales. As a result, the limited press run of 300,000 sold out quickly, and the single was off the Hot 100 after 12 weeks. However, on country radio it became much more commercially successful, climbing all the way to No. 2, where it peaked for one week behind Kenny Chesney's "She's Got It All" (which blocked it from the top spot), far outpacing the peak of 43 set by the recording Rimes released.


title: How Do I Live

text: Consequently, Yearwood's version was among the top 20 biggest country singles of 1997, while Rimes' version was the ninth and fifth best- charting singles on the pop charts for the years 1997 and 1998, respectively. Rimes' version was later ranked at No. 4 on "Billboard"'s All Time Top 100 in 2008. It was later ranked by "Billboard" as the 12th-most-successful single of the 1990s at the end of the decade in 1999 and 15 years later, after retabulations, was re-ranked as the second best-charting single released during the decade, and the best-charting single of the 1990s proper.


title: How Do I Live

text: Internationally, the singles also had varied success, with Rimes' version typically outperforming Yearwood's. In the UK, Rimes' version peaked at No. 7, spending 30 weeks on the UK Top 40 singles chart and ranking as the sixth-highest-selling single on the UK year-end chart for 1998, while Yearwood's version landed at No. 66. Rimes' version additionally charted across central Europe, reaching the top 5 in the Netherlands and Norway, the top 20 in Denmark, and the top 40 in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. Conversely, in both Ireland and Australia as well as on the Canadian country charts, Yearwood's version managed to outpace Rimes' peak at Nos. 2, 3, and 1 to Rimes' 14, 17, and 60, respectively. Consequently, Yearwood's version was ranked in the top 20 and 30 for the 1997 Australian and Canadian country year-end charts, respectively.


title: How Do I Live

text: In 1998, for the first time in history, the Grammy Awards nominated two artists for the same song in the same category. Directly following Rimes' performance of the song, Yearwood won the Grammy Award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance. Yearwood also performed the song at the Country Music Association for which she won the 1997 award for Female Vocalist of the Year. Yearwood also won the 1997 Academy of Country Music Award for Top Female Vocalist.


title: How Do I Live

text: The song also was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song, but lost to "My Heart Will Go On" from the film "Titanic." Yearwood performed the song at the award ceremony. Ironically, the song received a contradictory nomination for the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song, but "lost" again to the soundtrack for "The Postman."


title: How Do I Live

text: Credits for Rimes' version are adapted from the liner notes of the UK version of "Sittin' on Top of the World".


title: How Do I Live

text: The song is semi-frequently used in the webcomic "Homestuck" (albeit in the form of a cover) due to the character John Egbert's fascination with the movie "Con Air" and, in particular, the scene near the end of the movie during which the song is played.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Liriodendron tulipifera—known as the tulip tree, American tulip tree, tulipwood, tuliptree, tulip poplar, whitewood, fiddletree, and yellow-poplar—is the North American representative of the two-species genus "Liriodendron" (the other member is "Liriodendron chinense"), and the tallest eastern hardwood. It is native to eastern North America from Southern Ontario and possibly southern Quebec to Illinois eastward to southwestern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, and south to central Florida and Louisiana. It can grow to more than in virgin cove forests of the Appalachian Mountains, often with no limbs until it reaches in height, making it a very valuable timber tree. The tallest individual at the present time (2021) is one called the Fork Ridge Tulip Tree at a secret location in the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina. Repeated measurements by laser and tape-drop have shown it to be in height. This is the tallest known individual tree in eastern North America.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: It is fast-growing, without the common problems of weak wood strength and short lifespan often seen in fast-growing species. April marks the start of the flowering period in the Southern United States (except as noted below); trees at the northern limit of cultivation begin to flower in June. The flowers are pale green or yellow (rarely white), with an orange band on the tepals; they yield large quantities of nectar. The tulip tree is the state tree of Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: The tulip tree is one of the largest of the native trees of eastern North America, known in an extraordinary case to reach the height of with the next-tallest known specimens in the range. These heights are comparable to the very tallest known eastern white pines, another species often described as the tallest in eastern North America.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: The trunk on large examples is typically in diameter, though it can grow much broader. Its ordinary height is and it tends to have a pyramidal crown. It prefers deep, rich, and rather moist soil; it is common throughout the Southern United States. Growth is fairly rapid.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: The bark is brown, furrowed, aromatic and bitter. The branchlets are smooth, and lustrous, initially reddish, maturing to dark gray, and finally brown. The wood is light yellow to brown, and the sapwood creamy white; light, soft, brittle, close, straight-grained. Specific gravity: 0.4230; density: .


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Winter buds are dark red, covered with a bloom, obtuse; scales becoming conspicuous stipules for the unfolding leaf, and persistent until the leaf is fully grown. Flower-bud enclosed in a two-valved, caducous bract.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: The alternate leaves are simple, pinnately veined, measuring long and wide. They have four lobes, and are heart-shaped or truncate or slightly wedge-shaped at base, entire, and the apex cut across at a shallow angle, making the upper part of the leaf look square; midrib and primary veins prominent. They come out of the bud recurved by the bending down of the petiole near the middle bringing the apex of the folded leaf to the base of the bud, light green, when full grown are bright green, smooth and shining above, paler green beneath, with downy veins. In autumn they turn a clear, bright yellow. Petiole long, slender, angled.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Harriet Louise Keeler provided a description of the tulip tree in "Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them".


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Originally described by Carl Linnaeus, "Liriodendron tulipifera" is one of two species (see also "L. chinense") in the genus "Liriodendron" in the magnolia family. The name "Liriodendron" is Greek for "lily tree". It is also called the tuliptree Magnolia, or sometimes, by the lumber industry, as the tulip-poplar or yellow-poplar. However, it is not closely related to true lilies, tulips or poplars.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: The tulip tree has impressed itself upon popular attention in many ways, and consequently has many common names. The tree's traditional name in the Miami-Illinois language is . Native Americans so habitually made their dugout canoes of its trunk that the early settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains called it Canoewood. The color of its wood gives it the name Whitewood. In areas near the Mississippi River it is called a poplar largely because of the fluttering habits of its leaves, in which it resembles trees of that genus. It is sometimes called "fiddle tree," because its peculiar leaves, with their arched bases and in-cut sides, suggest the violin shape.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: The external resemblance of its flowers to tulips named it the Tulip-tree. In their internal structure, however, they are quite different. Instead of the triple arrangements of stamens and pistil parts, they have indefinite numbers arranged in spirals.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: In the Cretaceous age the genus was represented by several species, and was widely distributed over North America and Europe. Its remains are also found in Tertiary rocks.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Today the tulip tree is one of the largest and most valuable hardwoods of eastern North America. It is native from Connecticut and southern New York, westward to southern Ontario and northern Ohio, and south to Louisiana and northern Florida. It is found sparingly in New England; it is abundant on the southern shore of Lake Erie and westward to Illinois. It extends south to north Florida, and is rare west of the Mississippi River, but is found occasionally for ornamentals. Its finest development is in the Southern Appalachian mountains, where trees may exceed in height. It was introduced into Great Britain before 1688 in Bishop Compton's garden at Fulham Palace and is now a popular ornamental in streets, parks, and large gardens. The Appalachian Mountains and adjacent Piedmont running south from Pennsylvania to Georgia contained 75 percent of all yellow-poplar growing stock in 1974.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Parts of east-central Florida near Orlando have an ecotype with similar-looking leaves to the coastal plain variant of the Carolinas; it flowers much earlier (usually in March, although flowering can begin in late January), with a smaller yellower bloom than other types. This east central Florida ecotype/Peninsular allozyme group seems to have the best ability to tolerate very wet conditions, where it may grow short pencil-like root structures (pneumatophores) similar to those produced by other swamp trees in warm climates. Superior resistance to drought, pests and wind is also noted. Some individuals retain their leaves all year unless a hard frost strikes. Places where it may be seen include Dr. Howard A. Kelly Park, Lake Eola Park, Spring Hammock Preserve, Big Tree Park and the University of Central Florida Arboretum.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: "Liriodendron tulipifera" is generally considered to be a shade-intolerant species that is most commonly associated with the first century of forest succession. In Appalachian forests, it is a dominant species during the 50–150 years of succession, but is absent or rare in stands of trees 500 years or older. One particular group of trees survived in the grounds of Orlagh College, Dublin for 200 years, before having to be cut down in 1990. On mesic, fertile soils, it often forms pure or nearly pure stands. It can and does persist in older forests when there is sufficient disturbance to generate large enough gaps for regeneration. Individual trees have been known to live for up to around 500 years.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: All young tulip trees and most mature specimens are intolerant of prolonged inundation; however, a coastal plain swamp ecotype in the southeastern United States is relatively flood-tolerant. This ecotype is recognized by its blunt-lobed leaves, which may have a red tint.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: "Liriodendron tulipifera" produces a large amount of seed, which is dispersed by wind. The seeds typically travel a distance equal to 4–5 times the height of the tree, and remain viable for 4–7 years. The seeds are not one of the most important food sources for wildlife, but they are eaten by a number of birds and mammals.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Vines, especially wild grapevines, are known to be extremely damaging to young trees of this species. Vines are damaging both due to blocking out sunlight, and increasing weight on limbs which can lead to bending of the trunk and/or breaking of limbs.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: In terms of its role in the ecological community, "L. tulipifera" does not host a great diversity of insects, with only 28 species of moths associated with the tree. Among specialists, "L. tulipifera" is the sole host plant for the caterpillars of "C. angulifera", a giant silkmoth found in the eastern United States. Several generalist species use "L. tulipifera". It is a well-known host for the large, green eggs of the "Papilio glaucus", the eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly, which are known to lay their eggs exclusively among plants in the magnolia and rose families of plants, primarily in mid-late June through early August, in some states.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: "Liriodendron tulipifera" is cultivated, and grows readily from seeds. These should be sown in fine soft soil in a cool and shady area. If sown in autumn they come up the succeeding spring, but if sown in spring they often remain a year in the ground. John Loudon says that seeds from the highest branches of old trees are most likely to germinate. It is readily propagated from cuttings and easily transplanted.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Tulip trees make magnificently shaped specimen trees, and are very large, growing to about in good soil. They grow best in deep well-drained loam which has thick dark topsoil. They show stronger response to fertilizer compounds (those with low salt index are preferred) than most other trees, but soil structure and organic matter content are more important. In the wild it is occasionally seen around serpentine outcrops. The southeastern coastal plain and east central Florida ecotypes occur in wet but "not stagnant" soils which are high in organic matter. All tulip trees are unreliable in clay flats which are subject to ponding and flooding.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Like other members of the Magnoliaceae family, they have fleshy roots that are easily broken if handled roughly. Transplanting should be done in early spring, before leaf-out; this timing is especially important in the more northern areas. Fall planting is often successful in Florida. The east central Florida ecotype may be more easily moved than other strains because its roots grow over nine or ten months every year—several months longer than other ecotypes. Most tulip trees have low tolerance of drought, although Florida natives (especially the east central ecotype) fare better than southeastern coastal plain or northern inland specimens.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: It is recommended as a shade tree. The tree's tall and rapid growth is a function of its shade intolerance. Grown in the full sun, the species tends to grow shorter, slower, and rounder, making it adaptable to landscape planting. In forest settings, most investment is made in the trunk (i.e., the branches are weak and easily break off, a sign of axial dominance) and lower branches are lost early as new, higher branches closer to the sun continue the growth spurt upward. A tree just 15 years old may already reach in height with no branches within reach of humans standing on the ground.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: In the UK the species and its variegated cultivar 'Aureomarginatum' have both gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: "Liriodendron tulipifera" has been introduced to many temperate parts of the world, at least as far north as Sykkylven, Norway and Arboretum Mustila, Finland. A few nurseries in Finland offer this species even though it is not fully hardy there and tends to be held to shrub form.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: It is occasionally cultivated in tropical highlands, as in Costa Rica and Colombia. In the latter nation it is a street tree at Bogota.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Nectar is produced in the orange part of the flowers. The species is a significant honey plant in the eastern United States, yielding a dark reddish, fairly strong honey unsuitable for table honey but claimed to be favorably regarded by some bakers


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Though not a poplar at all, the soft, fine-grained wood of tulip trees is known by that name (short for yellow poplar) in the U.S., but marketed abroad as "American tulipwood" or by other names. It is very widely used where a cheap, easy-to-work and stable wood is needed. The sapwood is usually a creamy off-white color. While the heartwood is usually a pale green, it can take on streaks of red, purple, or even black; depending on the extractives content (i.e. the soil conditions where the tree was grown, etc.). It is clearly the wood of choice for use in organs, due to its ability to take a fine, smooth, precisely cut finish and so to effectively seal against pipes and valves. It is also commonly used for siding clapboards. Its wood may be compared in texture, strength, and softness to white pine.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Used for interior finish of houses, for siding, for panels of carriages, for coffin boxes, pattern timber, and wooden ware. During scarcity of the better qualities of white pine, tulip wood has taken its place to some extent, particularly when very wide boards are required.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: It also has a reputation for being resistant to termites, and in the Upland South (and perhaps elsewhere) house and barn sills were often made of tulip wood beams.


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: The tulip tree has been referenced in many poems and the namesakes of other poems, such as William Stafford's "Tulip Tree." It is also a plot element in the Edgar Allan Poe short story "The Gold-Bug".


title: Liriodendron tulipifera

text: Another form of art that the tulip tree is a major part of is wood carving. The tulip poplar can be very useful and has been one of the favorite types of trees for wood carving by sculptors such as Wilhelm Schimmel and Shields Landon Jones.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) or white oryx is a medium-sized antelope with a distinct shoulder bump, long, straight horns, and a tufted tail. It is a bovid, and the smallest member of the genus "Oryx", native to desert and steppe areas of the Arabian Peninsula. The Arabian oryx was extinct in the wild by the early 1970s, but was saved in zoos and private reserves, and was reintroduced into the wild starting in 1980.


title: Arabian oryx

text: In 1986, the Arabian oryx was classified as endangered on the IUCN Red List, and in 2011, it was the first animal to revert to vulnerable status after previously being listed as extinct in the wild. It is listed in CITES Appendix I. In 2016, populations were estimated at 1,220 individuals in the wild, including 850 mature individuals, and 6,000–7,000 in captivity worldwide.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The taxonomic name "Oryx leucoryx" is from the Greek ' (gazelle or antelope) and ' (white). The Arabian oryx is also called the white oryx in English, ' in Hebrew, and is known as ', and "" in Arabic.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Prussian zoologist Peter Simon Pallas introduced "oryx" into scientific literature in 1767, applying the name to the common eland as "Antilope oryx" (Pallas, 1767). In 1777, he transferred the name to the Cape gemsbok. At the same time, he also described what is now called the Arabian oryx as "Oryx leucoryx", giving its range as "Arabia, and perhaps Libya". In 1816, Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville subdivided the antelope group, adopted "Oryx" as a genus name, and changed the "Antilope oryx" of Pallas to "Oryx gazella" (de Blainville, 1818). In 1826, Martin Lichtenstein confused matters by transferring the name "Oryx leucoryx" to the scimitar oryx (now "Oryx dammah") which was found in the Sudan by the German naturalists Wilhelm Friedrich Hemprich and Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (Lichtenstein, 1826). The Arabian oryx was then nameless until the first living specimens in Europe were donated to the Zoological Society of London in 1857. Not realizing this might be the "Oryx leucoryx" of previous authors, Dr. John Edward Gray proposed calling it "Oryx beatrix" after HRH the Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (Gray, 1857). Though this name was to persist for many years, Oldfield Thomas renamed the scimitar oryx as "Oryx algazal" in 1903 (it has since been renamed "Oryx dammah"), and gave the Arabian oryx back its original name. The confusion between the two species has been exacerbated because both have been called the white oryx in English.


title: Arabian oryx

text: An Arabian oryx stands about high at the shoulder and weighs around . Its coat is an almost luminous white, the undersides and legs are brown, and black stripes occur where the head meet the neck, on the forehead, on the nose, and going from the horn down across the eye to the mouth. Both sexes have long, straight or slightly curved, ringed horns which are long.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Arabian oryxes rest during the heat of the day. They can detect rainfall and move towards it, meaning they have huge ranges; a herd in Oman can range over . Herds are of mixed sex and usually contain between two and 15 animals, though herds up to 100 have been reported. Arabian oryxes are generally not aggressive toward one another, which allows herds to exist peacefully for some time.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Other than humans, wolves are the Arabian oryx's only predator. In captivity and safe conditions in the wild, Arabian oryxes have a lifespan of up to 20 years. In periods of drought, though, their life expectancy may be significantly reduced by malnutrition and dehydration. Other causes of death include fights between males, snakebites, disease, and drowning during floods.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Historically, the Arabian oryx probably ranged throughout most of the Middle East. In the early 1800s, they could still be found in the Sinai, Palestine, the Transjordan, much of Iraq, and most of the Arabian Peninsula. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, their range was pushed back towards Saudi Arabia, and by 1914, only a few survived outside that country. A few were reported in Jordan into the 1930s, but by the mid-1930s, the only remaining populations were in the Nafud Desert in northwestern Saudi Arabia and the Rub' al Khali in the south.


title: Arabian oryx

text: In the 1930s, Arabian princes and oil company clerks started hunting Arabian oryxes with automobiles and rifles. Hunts grew in size, and some were reported to employ as many as 300 vehicles. By the middle of the 20th century, the northern population was effectively extinct. The last Arabian oryx in the wild prior to reintroduction were reported in 1972.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Arabian oryxes prefer to range in gravel desert or hard sand, where their speed and endurance will protect them from most predators, as well as most hunters on foot. In the sand deserts in Saudi Arabia, they used to be found in the hard sand areas of the flats between the softer dunes and ridges.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Arabian oryxes have been reintroduced to Oman, Saudi Arabia, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, Syria, and Jordan. A small population was introduced on Hawar Island, Bahrain, and large semi-managed populations at several sites in Qatar and the UAE. The total reintroduced population is now estimated to be around 1,000. This puts the Arabian oryx well over the threshold of 250 mature individuals needed to qualify for endangered status. However, the majority of the population is concentrated in Saudi Arabia.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The diets of the Arabian oryx consist mainly of grasses, but they eat a large variety of vegetation, including buds, herbs, fruit, tubers and roots. Herds of Arabian oryxes follow infrequent rains to eat the new plants that grow afterward. They can go several weeks without water. Research in Oman has found grasses of the genus "Stipagrostis" are primarily taken; flowers from "Stipagrostis" plants appeared highest in crude protein and water, while leaves seemed a better food source with other vegetation.


title: Arabian oryx

text: When the Arabian oryx is not wandering its habitat or eating, it digs shallow depressions in soft ground under shrubs or trees for resting. They are able to detect rainfall from a distance and follow in the direction of fresh plant growth. The number of individuals in a herd can vary greatly (up to 100 have been reported occasionally), but the average is 10 or fewer individuals. Bachelor herds do not occur, and single territorial males are rare. Herds establish a straightforward hierarchy that involves all females and males above the age of about seven months. Arabian oryxes tend to maintain visual contact with other herd members, with subordinate males taking positions between the main body of the herd and the outlying females. If separated, males will search areas where the herd last visited, settling into a solitary existence until the herd's return. Where water and grazing conditions permit, male Arabian oryxes establish territories. Bachelor males are solitary. A dominance hierarchy is created within the herd by posturing displays, which avoid the danger of serious injury their long, sharp horns could potentially inflict. Males and females use their horns to defend the sparse territorial resources against interlopers.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The Arabian oryx changes its physiology and behavior at different times of the year to increase survival during times when food and water are in limited supply. During the summer, when droughts are common in the desert environments where it lives, the Arabian oryx will drastically reduce its minimal fasting metabolic rate by lying completely inactive beneath shade trees during the day and ranging over smaller areas at night to forage. By letting its body temperature rise during the heat of the day, it uses less evaporative cooling and retains more body water, and at night, the cool night air lowers its temperature back to the normal range. The oryx’s arterial blood temperature is partly lowered by a network of small arterial vessels with a large surface area called the rete mirabile, which branches from the two carotid arteries to the brain and allows for heat exchange between warm arterial blood and the cooler blood in the sinus cavities. Because of these changes in behavior and physiology, it was shown that Arabian oryx can reduce their urine volume, fecal water loss, and resting metabolic rate by at least 50%, demonstrating how efficient these animals are at surviving in times when water and food are scarce.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The Arabian oryx is the national animal of Jordan, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Qatar.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The Arabian oryx is also the namesake of several businesses on the Arabian peninsula, notably Al Maha Airways and Al Maha Petroleum.


title: Arabian oryx

text: In the King James Version of the Bible, the word "re’em" is translated as 'unicorn'. In Modern Hebrew, the name "re'em laban", meaning white oryx, is used in error for the scimitar - horned oryxes living in the sanctuary Yotvata Hai Bar near Eilat. The scimitar oryx is called "re'em Sahara". The Arabian name "ri'ïm" is the equivalent of the Hebrew name "re'em", also meaning white oryx, suggesting a borrowing in the Early Modern Era.


title: Arabian oryx

text: A Qatari oryx named "Orry" was chosen as the official games mascot for the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, and is shown on tailfins of planes belonging to Middle Eastern airline Qatar Airways.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The myth of the one-horned unicorn may be based on oryxes that have lost one horn. Aristotle and Pliny the Elder held that the oryx was the unicorn's "prototype". From certain angles, the oryx may seem to have one horn rather than two, and given that its horns are made from hollow bone that cannot be regrown, if an Arabian oryx were to lose one of its horns, for the rest of its life, it would have only one.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Another source for the concept may have originated from the translation of the Hebrew word "re'em" into Greek as μονόκερως, , in the Septuagint. In Psalm 22:21, the word "karen", meaning horn, is written in singular. The Roman Catholic Vulgata and the Douay-Rheims Bible translated "re'em" as rhinoceros; other translations are names for a wild bull, wild oxen, buffalo, or gaur, but in some languages a word for unicorn is maintained. The Arabic translation is the most correct choice etymologically, meaning 'white oryx'.


title: Arabian oryx

text: The Phoenix Zoo and the Fauna and Flora Preservation Society of London (now Fauna and Flora International), with financial help from the World Wildlife Fund, are credited with saving the Arabian oryx from extinction. In 1962, these groups started the first captive-breeding herd in any zoo, at the Phoenix Zoo, sometimes referred to as "Operation Oryx".<ref name="arabian/oryx/timeline">The Arabian Oryx Project – Timeline. oryxoman.com</ref> Starting with nine animals, the Phoenix Zoo has had over 240 successful births. From Phoenix, Arabian oryxes were sent to other zoos and parks to start new herds.


title: Arabian oryx

text: In 1968, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan of the UAE, out of concern for the land's wildlife, particularly ungulates such as the Arabian oryx, founded the Al Ain Zoo to conserve them.


title: Arabian oryx

text: Arabian oryxes were hunted to extinction in the wild by 1972. By 1980, the number of Arabian oryxes in captivity had increased to the point that reintroduction to the wild was started. The first release, to Oman, was attempted with Arabian oryxes from the San Diego Wild Animal Park.<ref name="yalooni/transfer"></ref> Although numbers in Oman have declined, there are now wild populations in Saudi Arabia and Israel, as well. One of the largest populations is found in Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area, a large, fenced reserve in Saudi Arabia, covering more than 2,000 km.


title: Arabian oryx

text: In June 2011, the Arabian oryx was relisted as vulnerable by the IUCN Red List. The IUCN estimated there were more than 1,200 Arabian oryx in the wild 2016, with 6,000–7,000 held in captivity worldwide in zoos, preserves, and private collections. Some of these are in large, fenced enclosures (free-roaming), including those in Syria (Al Talila), Bahrain, Qatar, and the UAE. This is the first time the IUCN has reclassified a species as vulnerable after it had been listed as extinct in the wild. The Arabian oryx is also listed in CITES Appendix I.


title: Arabian oryx

text: On June 28, 2007, Oman's Arabian Oryx Sanctuary was the first site ever to be removed from the UNESCO World Heritage List. UNESCO's reason for this was the Omani government's decision to open 90% of the site to oil prospecting. The Arabian oryx population on the site has been reduced from 450 in 1996 to only 65 in 2007. Now, fewer than four breeding pairs are left on the site.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Anthropogenic hazards are hazards caused by human action or inaction. They are contrasted with natural hazards. Anthropogenic hazards may adversely affect humans, other organisms, biomes, and ecosystems. They can even cause an omnicide. The frequency and severity of hazards are key elements in some risk analysis methodologies.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Hazards may also be described in relation to the impact that they have. A hazard only exists if there is a pathway to exposure. As an example, the center of the earth consists of molten material at very high temperatures which would be a severe hazard if contact was made with the core. However, there is no feasible way of making contact with the core, therefore the center of the earth currently poses no hazard.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Anthropogenic hazards can be grouped into societal hazards (criminality, civil disorder, terrorism, war, industrial hazards, engineering hazards, power outage, fire), hazards caused by transportation and environmental hazards.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: There are certain societal hazards that can occur by inadvertently overlooking a hazard, a failure to notice or by purposeful intent by human inaction or neglect, consequences as a result of little or no preemptive actions to prevent a hazard from occurring. Although not everything is within the scope of human control, there is anti-social behaviour and crimes committed by individuals or groups that can be prevented by reasonable apprehension of injury or death. People commonly report dangerous circumstances, suspicious behaviour or criminal intentions to the police and for the authorities to investigate or intervene.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Behavior that puts others at risk of injury or death is universally regarded as criminal and is a breach of the law for which the appropriate legal authority may impose some form of penalty, such as imprisonment, a fine, or even execution. Understanding what makes individuals act in ways that put others at risk has been the subject of much research in many developed countries. Mitigating the hazard of criminality is very dependent on time and place with some areas and times of day posing a greater risk than others.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Civil disorder is a broad term that typically is used by law enforcement to describe forms of disturbance when many people are involved and are set upon a common aim. Civil disorder has many causes, including large-scale criminal conspiracy, socio-economic factors (unemployment, poverty), hostility between racial and ethnic groups, and outrage over perceived moral and legal transgressions. Examples of well-known civil disorders and riots are the poll tax riots in the United Kingdom in 1990; the 1992 Los Angeles riots in which 53 people died; the 2008 Greek riots after a 15-year-old boy was fatally shot by police; and the 2010 Thai political protests in Bangkok during which 91 people died. Such behavior is only hazardous for those directly involved as participants, those controlling the disturbance, or those indirectly involved as passers-by or shopkeepers for example. For the great majority, staying out of the way of the disturbance avoids the hazard.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: The common definition of terrorism is the use or threatened use of violence for the purpose of creating fear in order to achieve a political, religious, or ideological goal. Targets of terrorist acts can be anyone, including private citizens, government officials, military personnel, law enforcement officers, firefighters, or people serving in the interests of governments.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Definitions of terrorism may also vary geographically. In Australia, the Security Legislation Amendment (Terrorism) Act 2002, defines terrorism as "an action to advance a political, religious or ideological cause and with the intention of coercing the government or intimidating the public", while the United States Department of State operationally describes it as "premeditated, motivated violence perpetrated against non-combatant targets by sub national groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience".


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: War is a conflict between relatively large groups of people, which involves physical force inflicted by the use of weapons. Warfare has destroyed entire cultures, countries, economies and inflicted great suffering on humanity. Other terms for war can include armed conflict, hostilities, and police action. Acts of war are normally excluded from insurance contracts and sometimes from disaster planning.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Industrial accidents resulting in releases of hazardous materials usually occur in a commercial context, such as mining accidents. They often have an environmental impact, but also can be hazardous for people living in proximity. The Bhopal disaster saw the release of methyl isocyanate into the neighbouring environment seriously affecting large numbers of people. It is probably the world's worst industrial accident to date.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Engineering hazards occur when structures used by people fail or the materials used in their construction prove to be hazardous. This history of construction has many examples of hazards associated with structures including bridge failures such as the Tay Bridge disaster caused by under-design, the Silver Bridge collapse caused by corrosion attack, or the original Tacoma Narrows Bridge caused by aerodynamic flutter of the deck. Failure of dams was not infrequent during the Victorian era, such as the Dale Dyke dam failure in Sheffield, England in 1864, causing the Great Sheffield Flood, which killed at least 240 people. In 1889, the failure of the South Fork Dam on the Little Conemaugh River near Johnstown, Pennsylvania, produced the Johnstown Flood, which killed over 2,200. Other failures include balcony collapses, aerial walkway collapses such as the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse in Kansas City in 1981, and building collapses such as that of the World Trade Center in New York City in 2001 during the September 11 attacks.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: A power outage is an interruption of normal sources of electrical power. Short-term power outages (up to a few hours) are common and have minor adverse effect, since most businesses and health facilities are prepared to deal with them. Extended power outages, however, can disrupt personal and business activities as well as medical and rescue services, leading to business losses and medical emergencies. Extended loss of power can lead to civil disorder, as in the New York City blackout of 1977. Only very rarely do power outages escalate to disaster proportions, however, they often accompany other types of disasters, such as hurricanes and floods, which hampers relief efforts.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Electromagnetic pulses and voltage spikes from whatever cause can also damage electricity infrastructure and electrical devices.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Recent notable power outages include the 2005 Java–Bali Blackout which affected 100 million people, 2012 India blackouts which affected 600 million and the 2009 Brazil and Paraguay blackout which affected 60 million people.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Bush fires, forest fires, and mine fires are generally started by lightning, but also by human negligence or arson. They can burn thousands of square kilometers. If a fire intensifies enough to produce its own winds and "weather", it will form into a firestorm. A good example of a mine fire is the one near Centralia, Pennsylvania. Started in 1962, it ruined the town and continues to burn today. Some of the biggest city-related fires are The Great Chicago Fire, The Peshtigo Fire (both of 1871) and the Great Fire of London in 1666.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Casualties resulting from fires, regardless of their source or initial cause, can be aggravated by inadequate emergency preparedness. Such hazards as a lack of accessible emergency exits, poorly marked escape routes, or improperly maintained fire extinguishers or sprinkler systems may result in many more deaths and injuries than might occur with such protections.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Arson is the setting a fire with intent to cause damage. The definition of arson was originally limited to setting fire to buildings, but was later expanded to include other objects, such as bridges, vehicles, and private property. Some human-induced fires are accidental: failing machinery such as a kitchen stove is a major cause of accidental fires.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: An aviation incident is an occurrence other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations, passengers, or pilots. The category of the vehicle can range from a helicopter, an airliner, or a Space Shuttle.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: The special hazards of traveling by rail include the possibility of a train crash which can result in substantial loss of life. Incidents involving freight traffic generally pose a greater hazardous risk to the environment. Less common hazards include geophysical hazards such as tsunami such as that which struck in 2004 in Sri Lanka when 1,700 people died in the Sri Lanka tsunami-rail disaster.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Traffic collisions are the leading cause of death, and road-based pollution creates a substantial health hazard, especially in major conurbations.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Space travel presents significant hazards, mostly to the direct participants (astronauts or cosmonauts and ground support personnel), but also carry the potential of disaster to the public at large. Accidents related to space travel have killed 22 astronauts and cosmonauts, and a larger number of people on the ground.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Accidents can occur on the ground during launch, preparation, or in flight, due to equipment malfunction or the naturally hostile environment of space itself. An additional risk is posed by (unmanned) low-orbiting satellites whose orbits eventually decay due to friction with the extremely thin atmosphere. If they are large enough, massive pieces traveling at great speed can fall to the Earth before burning up, with the potential to do damage.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: One of the worst human-piloted space accidents involved the Space Shuttle "Challenger" which disintegrated in 1986, claiming all seven lives on board. The shuttle disintegrated 73 seconds after taking off from the launch pad in Cape Canaveral, Florida.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Another example is the Space Shuttle "Columbia", which disintegrated during a landing attempt over Texas in 2003, with a loss of all seven astronauts on board. The debris field extended from New Mexico to Mississippi.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Ships can sink, capsize or crash in disasters. Perhaps the most infamous sinking was that of the "Titanic" which hit an iceberg and sank, resulting in one of the worst maritime disasters in history. Other notable incidents include the capsizing of the "Costa Concordia", which killed at least 32 people; and is the largest passenger ship to sink, and the sinking of the MV "Doña Paz", which claimed the lives of up to 4,375 people in the worst peacetime maritime disaster in history.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Environmental hazards are those hazards where the effects are seen in biomes or ecosystems rather than directly on living organisms. Well known examples include oil spills, water pollution, slash and burn de-forestation, air pollution, and ground fissures.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: In managing waste many hazardous materials are put in the domestic and commercial waste stream. In part this is because modern technological living uses certain toxic or poisonous materials in the electronics and chemical industries. Which, when they are in use or transported, are usually safely contained or encapsulated and packaged to avoid any exposure. In the waste stream, the waste products exterior or encapsulation breaks or degrades and there is a release and exposure to hazardous materials into the environment, for people working in the waste disposal industry, those living around sites used for waste disposal or landfill and the general environment surrounding such sites.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Organohalogens are a family of synthetic organic molecules which all contain atoms of one of the halogens. Such materials include PCBs, Dioxins, DDT, Freon and many others. Although considered harmless when first produced, many of these compounds are now known to have profound physiological effects on many organisms including man. Many are also fat soluble and become concentrated through the food chain.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Many metals and their salts can exhibit toxicity to humans and many other organisms. Such metals include, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Silver, Mercury and many of the transuranic metals.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Radioactive materials produce ionizing radiation which may be very harmful to living organisms. Damage from even a short exposure to radioactivity may have long term adverse health consequences.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: Exposure may occur from nuclear fallout when nuclear weapons are detonated or nuclear containment systems are compromised. During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to extensive contamination of food, land, and water. In the Soviet Union, the Mayak industrial complex (otherwise known as Chelyabinsk-40 or Chelyabinsk-65) exploded in 1957. The Kyshtym disaster was kept secret for several decades. It is the third most serious nuclear accident ever recorded. At least 22 villages were exposed to radiation and resulted in at least 10,000 displaced persons. In 1992, the former Soviet Union officially acknowledged the accident. Other Soviet republics of Ukraine and Belarus suffered also when a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant had a meltdown in 1986. To this day, several small towns and the city of Chernobyl remain abandoned and uninhabitable due to fallout.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: The Hanford Site is a decommissioned nuclear production complex that produced plutonium for most of the 60,000 weapons in the U.S. nuclear arsenal. There are environmental concerns about radioactivity released from Hanford.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: A number of military accidents involving nuclear weapons have also resulted in radioactive contamination, for example the 1966 Palomares B-52 crash and the 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash.


title: Anthropogenic hazard

text: "CBRN" is a catch-all acronym for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear. The term is used to describe a non-conventional terror threat that, if used by a nation, would be considered use of a weapon of mass destruction. This term is used primarily in the United Kingdom. Planning for the possibility of a CBRN event may be appropriate for certain high-risk or high-value facilities and governments. Examples include Saddam Hussein's Halabja poison gas attack, the Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway and the preceding test runs in Matsumoto, Japan 100 kilometers outside of Tokyo, and Lord Amherst giving smallpox laden blankets to Native Americans.


title: Mehandipur Balaji Temple

text: Balaji Temple (Devanagari: बालाजी मन्दिर) in Mehandipur, Karauli district on the border of Karauli district and Dausa district, is a Hindu temple dedicated to the Hindu deity Hanuman. The name "Balaji" refers to Shri Hanuman in several parts of India because the childhood ("Bala" in Hindi or Sanskrit) form of the Lord is especially celebrated there. The temple is dedicated to Balaji (another name for Shree Hanuman Ji). Unlike similar religious sites it is located in a town rather than the countryside. Its reputation for ritualistic healing and exorcism of evil spirits attracts many pilgrims from Rajasthan and elsewhere.


title: Mehandipur Balaji Temple

text: The temple of Balaji Maharaj built in Mehandipur is very famous especially in northern part of India. The first Mahant of the temple was Shri Ganeshpuriji Maharaj and the present Mahant of the temple Shri Naresh Puriji Maharaj is very strict to follow vegetarian and reading holy books.


title: Mehandipur Balaji Temple

text: It is believed that a person who is suffering from evil spirits (Sankatwalas) get relief from distress by methods like Arji, Sawamani, and Darkhast. Bhog of Boondi ke Laddu offering to Shri Balaji Maharaj, Rice and Urad pulse to Bhairav Baba (Kotval Kaptan, head of army and Shri Pretraj Sarkar, king of evil spirits). Saturday and Tuesday are the busiest days in the temple because both these days are the days of Hanumanji. Some other temples near Balaji temple are Shri Sitaram Darbar, Samadhi Wale Baba (the first mahant), are some important temples in Mehandipur Balaji.


title: Mehandipur Balaji Temple

text: The temple has been known for many years, for exorcism from evil spirits attachments and black magic or spells. In 2013, an international team of scientist, scholars and psychiatrists from Germany, Netherlands, AIIMS, New Delhi, and University of Delhi started a study to evaluate all aspects of treatment and rituals at the temple.


title: Mehandipur Balaji Temple

text: The temple is situated in Brahmbad, Dausa District near Todabhim of the Indian state of Rajasthan. The village is situated at the border of two districts- Karauli and Dausa. And the temple is also divided as half and another half in districts by border. It is 109 km from Jaipur.


title: The Loft (film)

text: The Loft is a 2014 erotic thriller film directed by Erik Van Looy. It is a remake of the 2008 Dutch-language Belgian film "Loft", which Van Looy also directed. The screenplay was written by Bart De Pauw and adapted by Wesley Strick. Starring Karl Urban, James Marsden and Wentworth Miller, it also features Matthias Schoenaerts who reprises his role from the original film.


title: The Loft (film)

text: The film was shot in Summer 2011, but its theatrical release was delayed by a change of the film distributor. Dark Castle Entertainment originally acquired the US distribution rights, as they did for "Splice", with the intention of releasing the film through Warner Bros. When Joel Silver moved his office to Universal Studios, he took Dark Castle, and the film with him. Universal planned to release the film on August 29, 2014, but the studio pulled it from the schedule in favor of Legendary Pictures' "As Above, So Below". Universal and Dark Castle dropped the film, which was then picked up by Open Road Films, who released it on January 30, 2015. Universal retained the US home entertainment rights through its ancillaries deal with Open Road. Dark Castle did not release another film until 2017's "Suburbicon" with Paramount Pictures.


title: The Loft (film)

text: Five married men share ownership of an upmarket loft, which they use for discreetly meeting their respective mistresses. When the body of a murdered woman is found in that loft, the men begin to suspect each other of having committed the gruesome crime, as they are the only ones with keys to the premises. Through flashbacks, which are intertwined with scenes from the present, the story is unravelled.


title: The Loft (film)

text: The murder victim is Sarah Deakins. Vincent, Luke, and Marty meet her at a bar and though both Vincent and Luke are attracted to her, she hooks up with Vincent and becomes attached to him. At a party Vincent and Luke are attending, Sarah threatens to tell Vincent's wife about the affair in a bid to break them up, but she is dissuaded from this by Luke. She seemingly tries to commit suicide at the loft by taking pills with champagne and is discovered by Luke, who calls Chris, Marty and Philip, showing them a note left for Vincent. The note reads "See you in the next life"; this note is taken from the loft by Chris.


title: The Loft (film)

text: The men were motivated to set Vincent up by Luke, who showed them DVDs of Vincent having sex with Marty's wife, Mimi; Chris's prostitute, Ann (whom Vincent had paid to allow Chris to seduce her, so that he would take a key to and use the loft), and Zoe, Philip and Chris's younger sister. Three of the men leave to set up their alibis, with Philip remaining at the loft to stage the scene. He takes some cocaine and cuts Sarah's wrists, using her bloodied finger to write a Latin phrase similar to that in her suicide note. He then handcuffs Sarah's right hand to the bed.


title: The Loft (film)

text: Over the course of the movie, as the five men discuss what to do with the body, Luke, Chris, Marty, and Philip drug Vincent, strip and handcuff him to the body on the bed. Before Vincent passes out completely, Chris tells him about Sarah's suicide and the contents of her note. While being questioned by the police, Vincent tells them of the setup, but they do not believe him as the only prints found were Vincent's and Sarah's. They also have the DVDs of his sexual exploits, except the ones with Mimi, Ann, and Zoe; they won't believe him that Luke made the videos and the DVDs of the other men were not found. The police also mention that all four men have alibis for that morning — Chris and Luke were seen together having breakfast, Marty was at his office, Philip has an alibi from his father-in-law (who was blackmailed with information about his own cheating, information Philip had because he knew Vincent used that same information to blackmail his father-in-law to be awarded a contract on a project).


title: The Loft (film)

text: Releasing Chris from interrogation, Detective Huggins tells him that Vincent has been arrested for murder; he is surprised as he thought Vincent would only be implicated in Sarah's suicide. The detective further states that the pills did not kill Sarah, that her wrist cuts were not self-inflicted, the prints on the knife were Vincent's and they didn't find a suicide note. The surprised Chris thanks Huggins and leaves. Outside the police station, he reaches into his jacket pocket, only to find that the suicide note Luke gave to him is gone. He then walks to the loft and confronts Luke about the missing note. After initially denying that he had it, Luke leads Chris to the note, which was in the garbage. Chris looks at the note and wonders why Luke would get rid of the only evidence of the attempted suicide, speculating that Luke, not Sarah, was the author of the note. Luke then tells Chris everything; he framed Vincent, because he was attracted to Sarah himself, and felt that Vincent stood between him and Sarah.


title: The Loft (film)

text: We see that Luke had gone after Sarah the night she almost told Vincent's wife about the affair. He told her that Vincent was using her and not worth it, and that he could treat her better. She rebuffs him, saying she felt nothing for Luke. Hurt, Luke turns around to find that his wife saw him talking to Sarah. When Sarah returned to visit Vincent at the loft, Luke showed up and drugged Sarah, trying to kill her — out of "love" — with an insulin overdose. He then staged the suicide with the pills, champagne bottle, and suicide note. Chris then tells him that Vincent is being charged with murder as Sarah hadn't been dead when they left her with Philip. Luke then states that technically it was Philip who killed Sarah and that he will clean the situation up. When Chris says no more cleaning up, Luke pulls out a kitchen knife and threatens him. Sirens can be heard and Chris says he called the police, told them everything and that it is over. He and Luke struggle, and he gets the knife from Luke. Luke tells Chris to tell Ellie and his family that he's sorry; he then jumps from the loft's balcony, killing himself.


title: The Loft (film)

text: Six months later, Mimi and Marty are reconciled, Philip is facing trial for manslaughter, and Chris is divorced, sharing custody of his children. He runs into Ann after leaving a bar, and she asks if he needs the loft key, that he had given her for them to meet up. Chris mentions the key would not work as Vincent now lives at the loft, since it was all his wife left him with from their divorce. Chris mentions that he heard Ann left the city councilman, one of her clients as a prostitute, and she replies that he was not the only thing she gave up, implying that she's no longer in that line of work. Ann asks Chris if he would like to grab a cup of coffee with her as the scene fades away.


title: The Loft (film)

text: On June 6, 2011, principal photography began in New Orleans. After a few weeks, filming moved to the studios in Brussels (Belgium). Production wrapped up on July 27, 2011.


title: The Loft (film)

text: After several delays, Open Road finally released "The Loft" on January 30, 2015, in the United States, with a wide release in 1,841 screens.


title: The Loft (film)

text: On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 14% approval rating based on 42 reviews and an average rating of 3.1/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Populated with characters as unpleasant as its sleazy storyline, "The Loft" is uninhabitable for all but the least demanding erotic thriller fans." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 24 out of 100 based on 11 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film a grade of "B−" on an A+ to F scale.


title: The Loft (film)

text: J.R. Jones of the "Chicago Reader" wrote: "The twisty plot translates to any culture where swinging-dick businessmen cheat on their wives — which is to say, any culture." Jim Lane of the "Sacramento News & Review" wrote that "the solution is both simple and complicated, and quite satisfying". Jason Best of "Movie Talk" writes: "The plotting gets too clever by half towards the end, but with striking support from Rachael Taylor and Isabel Lucas this remains a slick and stylish whodunit." Frank Scheck of "The Hollywood Reporter" praised the cinematography and said that "the film could well serve to encourage both extramarital affairs and the sale of upscale loft apartments". Joe Leydon for "Variety" writes: "Still, there can be no denying the interest and suspense Van Looy and scripter Wesley Strick generate during the opening scenes as they set the plot mechanics into motion." Roger Moore for Tribune News Service called the film well-cast and said that Schoenaerts "provides some fireworks and the old-fashioned theatricality of it might appeal to some — even Hitchcock himself".


title: The Loft (film)

text: "The Loft" grossed $6 million in the United States and $5 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $11 million.


title: Little Things (TV series)

text: Little Things is an Indian romantic comedy streaming television series, created by Dhruv Sehgal, who also starred in the lead role along with Mithila Palkar. The series were directed by Ajay Bhuyan and Ruchir Arun and produced by Aditi Shrivastava, Anirudh Pandita and Ashwin Suresh of Dice Media. Its first season was premiered through the official YouTube channel of Dice Media, from 25 October 2016, to 22 November. Netflix later purchased the franchise and its second season and third, was premiered on 5 October 2018 and 9 November 2019. Fourth and the final season was released on 15 October 2021.


title: Little Things (TV series)

text: The story revolves around Kavya Kulkarni (Palkar) and Dhruv Vats (Sehgal), a couple in a live-in relationship in Mumbai. The series progresses with everyday life explored through conversation between the couple. The language used is English, with a few sentences in Hindi (used mostly in slang).


title: Little Things (TV series)

text: Dhruv Sehgal, started writing for the new series in late 2015, featuring Mithila Palkar who have previously acted in short videos by Dice Media and Filter Copy, and have known each other since Palkar's time working at "Thespo" (Quasar Theatre Productions' annual theatre festival). Sehgal had asked her to audition for Filter Copy's new satire show on YouTube called "News Darshan". The series' first season was directed by Ajay Bhuyan and had an episode runtime of 15 minutes each. The series is produced by Aditi Shrivastava, Anirudh Pandita and Ashwin Suresh. The second and third season was directed by Ruchir Arun, who is a National Award winner.


title: Little Things (TV series)

text: The series explores multiple themes, related to everyday life and the problems and challenges faced in it. Season 1 explored themes like a fear of missing out (FOMO) caused by social media and late-night cravings for food. Season 2 explored more serious themes like personal and professional crises. Dhruv is seen reconnecting with an old friend and realising that they have grown apart. He is later seen quitting his job due to a loss of interest. Dhruv is then seen as being "aimless" while Kavya has received a promotion and a pay hike, which leads to fights as they realise the differences between them. Other themes explored in the second season include Kavya getting attracted to a biker on an office trip, homophobia and the possibility of considering one's parents as friends.