title: ISO 14000

text: During this stage, the organization identifies the resources required and works out those members of the organization responsible for the EMS' implementation and control. This includes establishing procedures and processes, although only one documented procedure is specifically related to operational control. Other procedures are required to foster better management control over elements such as documentation control, emergency preparedness and response, and the education of employees, to ensure that they can competently implement the necessary processes and record results. Communication and participation across all levels of the organization, especially top management, is a vital part of the implementation phase, with the effectiveness of the EMS being dependent on active involvement from all employees.


title: ISO 14000

text: During the "check" stage, performance is monitored and periodically measured to ensure that the organization's environmental targets and objectives are being met. In addition, internal audits are conducted at planned intervals to ascertain whether the EMS meets the user's expectations and whether the processes and procedures are being adequately maintained and monitored.


title: ISO 14000

text: After the checking stage, a management review is conducted to ensure that the objectives of the EMS are being met, the extent to which they are being met, and that communications are being appropriately managed. Additionally, the review evaluates changing circumstances, such as legal requirements, in order to make recommendations for further improvement of the system. These recommendations are incorporated through continual improvement: plans are renewed or new plans are made, and the EMS moves forward.


title: ISO 14000

text: ISO 14001 encourages a company to continually improve its environmental performance. Apart from the obvious – the reduction in actual and possible negative environmental impacts – this is achieved in three ways:


title: ISO 14000

text: Overall, the CI concept expects the organization to gradually move away from merely operational environmental measures towards a more strategic approach on how to deal with environmental challenges.


title: ISO 14000

text: ISO 14001 was developed primarily to assist companies with a framework for better management control, which can result in reducing their environmental impact. In addition to improvements in performance, organizations can reap a number of economic benefits, including higher conformance with legislative and regulatory requirements by adopting the ISO standard. By minimizing the risk of regulatory and environmental liability fines and improving an organization's efficiency, benefits can include a reduction in waste, consumption of resources, and operating costs. Secondly, as an internationally recognized standard, businesses operating in multiple locations across the globe can leverage their conformance to ISO 14001, eliminating the need for multiple registrations or certifications. Thirdly, there has been a push in the last decade by consumers for companies to adopt better internal controls, making the incorporation of ISO 14001 a smart approach for the long-term viability of businesses. This can provide them with a competitive advantage against companies that do not adopt the standard (Potoki & Prakash, 2005). This in turn can have a positive impact on a company's asset value (Van der Deldt, 1997). It can lead to improved public perceptions of the business, placing them in a better position to operate in the international marketplace. The use of ISO 14001 can demonstrate an innovative and forward-thinking approach to customers and prospective employees. It can increase a business's access to new customers and business partners. In some markets it can potentially reduce public liability insurance costs. It can also serve to reduce trade barriers between registered businesses. There is growing interest in including certification to ISO 14001 in tenders for public-private partnerships for infrastructure renewal. Evidence of value in terms of environmental quality and benefit to the taxpayer has been shown in highway projects in Canada.


title: ISO 14000

text: ISO 14001 can be used in whole or in part to help an organization (for-profit or nonprofit) better manage its relationship with the environment. If all the elements of ISO 14001 are incorporated into the management process, the organization may opt to prove that it has achieved full alignment or conformity with the international standard, ISO 14001, by using one of four recognized options. These are:


title: ISO 14000

text: ISO does not control conformity assessment; its mandate is to develop and maintain standards. ISO has a neutral policy on conformity assessment in so much that one option is not better than the next. Each option serves different market needs. The adopting organization decides which option is best for them, in conjunction with their market needs.


title: ISO 14000

text: Option one is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "self-certify" or "self-certification". This is not an acceptable reference under ISO terms and definitions, as it can lead to confusion in the market. The user is responsible for making their own determination.


title: ISO 14000

text: Option two is often referred to as a customer or 2nd-party audit, which is an acceptable market term.


title: ISO 14000

text: Option three is an independent third-party process by an organization that is based on an engagement activity and delivered by specially trained practitioners. This option was based on an accounting procedure branded as the EnviroReady Report, which was created to help small- and medium-sized organizations. Its development was originally based on the Canadian Handbook for Accountants; it is now based on an international accounting standard.


title: ISO 14000

text: The fourth option, certification, is another independent third-party process, which has been widely implemented by all types of organizations. Certification is also known in some countries as registration. Service providers of certification or registration are accredited by national accreditation services such as UKAS in the UK.


title: ISO 14000

text: In 2010, the latest EMAS Regulation (EMAS III) entered into force; the scheme is now globally applicable, and includes key performance indicators and a range of further improvements.


title: ISO 14000

text: There are many reasons that ISO 14001 should be potentially attractive to supply chain managers, including the use of the voluntary standard to guide the development of integrated systems, its requirement for supply chain members in industries such as automotive and aerospace, the potential of pollution prevention leading to reduced costs of production and higher profits, its alignment with the growing importance of corporate social responsibility, and the possibility that an ISO-registered system may provide firms with a unique environmental resource, capabilities, and benefits that lead to competitive advantage.


title: ISO 14000

text: Research on the supply chain impact of ISO 14001 registration posited that potential positive impacts might include more proactive environmental management, higher levels of communication, higher levels of waste reduction and cost efficiency, better ROI, higher levels of customer relationship management, fewer issues with employee health, and a reduced number of safety incidents. This research concluded that ISO 14001 registration can be leveraged across the supply chain for competitive advantage.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Blackfire (born Princess Komand'r) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She is the older sister of the Teen Titans member Crown Princess Koriand'r/Starfire and of less-known youngest sibling Crown Prince Ryand'r/Darkfire. Starfire (Crown Princess Koriand'r) is her archnemesis.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: The character made her live adaptation debut in the DC Universe / HBO Max series "Titans", played by Damaris Lewis in the second and third seasons.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Blackfire first appears in "The New Teen Titans" #22 and was created by Marv Wolfman and George Pérez.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Princess Komand'r is the firstborn child and eldest daughter of Tamaran's royal family. The first princess born in over a century, she should have been courted and showered with honors. On the day she was born, the Citadel Empire attacked and destroyed the western Tamaranean city of Kysarr and killed three thousand citizens in her name. Though she was in no way at fault for what had happened, Komand'r was, for all time, inextricably linked with that terrible day. To make matters worse, Princess Komand'r was crippled by a childhood illness that left her unable to harness ultraviolet light into energy to fly like most Tamaraneans. Because of Princess Komand'r's naturally grim disposition, a stark contrast to the royal family's generally contented outlook, the subjects of Tamaran hated her. As a result, though first in the line of succession, she was denied her birthright to be the next Crown Princess of Tamaran to maintain the respect and prestige of the royal family. Her privileges, honors, and her royal style and dignity were transferred to her younger sister, Princess Koriand'r (who would later become known as Starfire) and their long-lost younger brother crown Prince Ryand'r (known as Wildfire). Inwardly, Princess Komand'r's rage grew and her resentment turned to hatred for her own world, her people, her family, and lastly her younger sister who, in Princess Komand'r's eyes, made the fateful mistake of being born. Princess Komand'r's hatred continued and intensified when she and her sister were sent, per Tamaran's warlike custom, for warrior training with the Warlords of Okaara. Princess Komand'r's true feelings were exposed when during a sparring exercise she attempted to kill her younger sister. As a result, she was expelled by the Warlords. Humiliated by her own transgression, Princess Komand'r swore vengeance and joined the Citadel, quickly rising through their ranks to become a warrior-maiden fighting against the forces of her own world and, ultimately, her own family.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Komand'r later betrayed her home world with detailed information about Tamaran's planetary defenses to the Citadel. They conquered Tamaran with ease, and the surrender conditions included the enslavement of Koriand'r. Koriand'r was never permitted to return, since that would mean the Citadel would devastate the planet for abrogating the treaty. Komand'r was her sister's master and made the most of her younger sister's bondage with years of horrific servitude and torture. When Kori killed one of her rapists, Komand'r decided to execute her as punishment, but not before the sisters were attacked and captured by the Psions. Psions, largely a species of sadistic scientists, performed a deadly experiment on both of the sisters to see just how much ultraviolet energy their Tamaranian bodies could absorb before exploding from the overload. During the procedure, Komand'r's forces attacked the Psion ship to rescue her and while the Psions were distracted, Kori broke free with her newly developed starbolts, highly destructive blasts of bright pink-colored ultraviolet energy, which were a result of the experimentation. Against her better judgment she decided to free Komand'r, who was still absorbing more and more ultraviolet energy. However, far from grateful, Komand'r had struck her younger sister down with the same (but much stronger) lilac-colored ultraviolet energy and had her restrained for later execution. Kori escaped and stole a spaceship to planet Earth, where she met a young group of heroes-Robin, Wonder Girl, Changeling, Raven, Cyborg and Kid Flash- and helped form the new Teen Titans.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Princess Komand'r appeared in the "Rann-Thanagar War" limited series, during which she killed Hawkwoman in her pursuit of a New Tamaran. She formed an uneasy alliance with the surviving players of the war in order to deal with more pressing concerns ("Infinite Crisis"). She was not seen during the "Crisis" series itself, but was featured in "Hawkgirl" and "Hawkman" comics as well as in "", attempting to kill Hawkman and Hawkgirl in order to further her own plans in the goings on & aftermath of the war. The Hawks defeated Princess Komand'r, after which Hawkman used Psion technology to strip the evil extraterrestrial princess of all of her abilities.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Blackfire has later resurfaced in The "Outsiders" (vol. 3) #31-32 ("Infinite Crisis" tie-in issues) with her powers already having been restored by the Psions and enhanced to the point of gaining flight. Further along the line in R.E.B.E.L.S. (vol. 2), When Vril Dox moved the planet Rann into the location formerly held by Tamaran in the Vega System, Blackfire arrived with her army in attempt to seize the planet for her own people. Dox was able to quickly stop the hostilities, however, and brokered a treaty allowing Blackfire and her people to settle on the uninhabited southern continent of Rann. During these events, Blackfire gained a newfound sense of respect for Dox, realizing his egocentric personality was very similar to her own. The two went on an unofficial date disguised as a diplomatic dinner and after Dox was captured by Starro the Conqueror, Blackfire joined forces with Adam Strange and other members of L.E.G.I.O.N. to rescue him. Blackfire then subsequently claimed Dox as her king consort.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: In "The New 52" (a 2011 reboot of the DC Comics universe), some people's origins and personalities have been changed to an unknown degree. While not at first referred to by name, it is said Starfire's sister sold her for the safety of their planet. It is revealed that a parasitic race known as the Blight has taken over Tamaran, their purpose unknown and Koriand'r fears the worst for her sister. Komand'r appears via flashback as her sister talks about their relationship, saying that they rarely get along and that Kori is embittered toward Komand'r and the people of Tamaran for letting her be enslaved. After Kori fought her way free, she was praised as a hero and given a ship named the "Starfire" by Komand'r, but the rift between the girls was still there. Komand'r appears to a captured Roy Harper and appears to be working with or under the Blight. Roy's capture, however, was revealed to be a mission to rescue Komand'r, as he successfully teleported her back onto the "Starfire".


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: The royal sisters reconcile in a teary conversation as Kori forgives her elder sister and the issue ends with the sisters preparing to take back Tamaran by themselves. Kom and Kori fight through the hordes of the Blight with Jason, Roy and a few of the members of Kori's ship. Komand'r is stabbed in the back by a spear thrown by the Blight's leader. Kori's emotions send an energetic shock wave, wiping out everything around her. When the smoke clears she holds the defeated Blight leader. After the battle, Princess Koriand'r is next to the throne and Crown Princess Komand'r stumbles next to her. She asks Kori to stay, but realizes she cannot. They hug and Crown Princess Komand'r gives them a ship to get back to Earth.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Princess Komand'r (Blackfire) is a Tamaranean like her younger sister; her physiology is designed to constantly absorb and control pure ultraviolet radiation into destructive and powerful bolts of energy which she calls "blackbolts." The radiation is then converted to pure energy which enabled her incredible feats of strength, speed, durability and the like; all on par or possibly greater than those of Starfire, having fought and bested her many times. This is not the case for flight, however, as she suffered a sickness in her youth which stripped her of this ability, but she found other means of circumventing this handicap. Being of royal blood and having fought in many wars, Komand'r also boasts impressive mortal combat skills superior even to her sibling, be it unarmed or with weaponry on hand, having battled and bested the likes of her own sibling (who is also a veteran warrior) and Thanagarian heroes Kartar Hol, Shayera Thal and Shayera Hol either in single combat or in pairs and win, as well as holding her own against the likes of a weakened Starro in his humanoid form (with some assistance from Starfire). Having undergone the same experiments conducted upon her by the Psions, Blackfire too has the ability to release her absorbed energy into incredibly powerful blasts called "starbolts". Hers by comparison, however, are considerably stronger enabling her to overpower her sister's starbolt energy. For a time Blackfire was stripped of all her powers by Hawkman using the same technology the Psions used in their experimentation upon her. Even without these strengths Komand'r is still a political activist and capable leader, being Queen of Tamaran she has access to a great many facilities, be it governmental or military in nature. Like any good politician, Blackfire is a skilled manipulator, able to utilize fear and misdirection to her advantage; even forging alliances with others despite her incredibly sociopathic nature.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: When her natural abilities were restored in full, however, she not only regained all the natural Tamaranian abilities she initially lacked, Princess Blackfire even gained a capacity she lacked, namely faster-than-light aviary travel. This accommodates her resilience against heat, radiation and the harsh vacuum of outer space coupled with a solar powered self-sustenance eliminating the need to eat, drink, sleep or an atmosphere to breathe, which enables the evil queen to travel interstellar distances unaided, though she can take in sustenance if she desires too. She can also actively absorb stellar and UV energy like her sister but has a unique ability her counterpart does not, which is the active absorption of stellar energies to copy off new abilities from another person, like when she drew energy directly from Starfire emulating her omni-directional energy burst; due to her greater stellar energy absorption abilities, however, Blackfire can recover faster than her sister when she uses her powers in such a way. Blackfire, like all Tamaraneans, can assimilate languages through physical contact with another person and is more fluent in the English language of humans than Koriand'r. She also does not need to eat or drink; though she can if unusually low on ultraviolet energy.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: In both animated shows, Blackfire can project her lilac-colored ultraviolet energy reserves as optic blasts, revealed to be facet received after her changes phase, in the episode "Betrothed" she had come into possession of a mystical artifact dubbed the Jewel of Charta, which greatly magnified her abilities tens of times greater, turning her normally lilac-colored "blackbolts" a bright red. Her enhanced durability and invulnerability were amplified as well, to the point of withstanding a barrage of Starfire's bright green starbolts and appear unscathed.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: She is also a master manipulator and deceiver, capable of using kind and friendly words to achieve her vile goals.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: In the live-action series "Titans", she is able to freely take possession of anyone she sees fit by injecting them with a microchip.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Blackfire appears in the 2003 animated series "Teen Titans", voiced by Hynden Walch (the voice actress of Starfire in the same series). In the series, this version is depicted as a young woman, yet is shown to be a few years older than her sister Starfire. In contrast to the other Tamaraneans shown on the series, all of whom have auburn or brown hair and bright green eyes with green sclera, Blackfire is shown to have black hair with purple streaks, and purple eyes with white sclera - likely a reference to her comic counterpart being born deformed by Tamaranean standards. She possesses superhuman strength, durability, reflexes, agility, endurance, FTL flight (a natural Tamaranian ability she lacked in the comics), as well as the ability to generate bright lilac-colored bolts of ultraviolet energy from her hands that are quite powerful and destructive, which are called "blackbolts". In a contrast with her comic book depiction, Blackfire has the natural ability to fly faster-than-light through the air at will. Presumably, she has all of the same abilities as Starfire, as the two are quite evenly matched in combat. Her clothes in the series are quite similar to Starfire's as seen in the prequel episode "Go!", but Starfire's was purple; whereas Blackfire's outfit is black and Starfire's skin showed while Blackfire's is covered by a metal plating of sorts. Blackfire's debut appearance came in the first-season episode "Sisters", where Blackfire comes to Earth to visit Starfire. However, it is soon revealed that Blackfire is actually an infamous galactic criminal, and she has actually come to Earth in an attempt to frame her younger sister for her crimes. Fortunately, her plan was thwarted and the result ended in an epic fight between sisters. Their battle is interrupted when Blackfire is arrested by Centauri police forces. She vows that she will get out of galactic jail and get even with her little sister.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: In Episode 29, "Betrothed", Blackfire is revealed to have "got bored" and escaped galactic jail, and in control of Tamaran as the Empress. She used her authority to have Starfire married to a swamp alien in return for the magical Jewel of Charta, under the guise that Tamaran would be destroyed if Starfire did not comply. The Teen Titans soon discover that the elder sister's plan is a hoax, and Starfire proceeds to challenge Blackfire to a duel for the Tamaranean throne. The Jewel of Charta was shown to greatly enhance Blackfire's abilities (turning her starbolts from lavender to red at the time), until Starfire took the jewel from her sister by force and crushed it. After Blackfire was defeated by Starfire, Blackfire is then forced into exile, presumably one of the swamp moons of Drenfax 4.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: The "New Teen Titans" animated short "Blackfire's Babysitter" depicts Blackfire as having quadruplets with the swamp alien she had attempted to force Starfire into marrying.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Princess Komand'r (Blackfire in Earth's English language) appears as a supporting character in "Teen Titans Go!", again voiced by Hynden Walch. She first appears in the Season 2 premiere, "Mr. Butt". After getting into trouble with the Galactic Police again, Blackfire seeks refuge with Starfire. After Starfire gave Blackfire delighted hugs, Blackfire is introduced to the rest of the Teen Titans, to which her little sister's teammates took an immediate disliking to her. After Blackfire flirts with Robin, the Titans try to tell Starfire that Blackfire was one of the most wanted criminals. Starfire then claims that she was going to give Blackfire one more chance, but if Blackfire crushed Starfire's sisterly feelings once more, a thoroughly enraged Starfire would destroy her. After Blackfire grudgingly does "sisterly stuff" with Starfire (making her little sister look exactly like her), the Galactic Police find Starfire (dressed as Blackfire), and take her prisoner where Starfire, both heartbroken and revenge-torn, swears to destroy Blackfire once and for all. After learning to listen to a sister's problems, and how to live with a younger sibling, Blackfire felt guilt for her horrible actions toward her younger sister, and becomes a better older sister. In the midst of this, a thoroughly enraged and revenge-torn Starfire breaks into Titans Tower, bent on destroying Blackfire once and for all. Blackfire tries to help with sisterly loving actions, but Starfire makes it clear that she would not fall for that again. Blackfire finally gets her sister to stop momentarily by showing the doll that she had stolen from Starfire as a five-year-old child, and apologizing for it, also stating 'I've changed, now.'. Starfire disintegrates the doll and says "So have I", before shooting Blackfire with a bright green laser eye blast. Later, in Titans Tower, Blackfire and Starfire appear in the main lounge, causing the Titans to jump up and ask how it went. After Blackfire faints from exhaustion and pain, Starfire cheerfully states that they had "worked things out".


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Finally being given major speaking roles since her debut episode, Blackfire reappears in the Season 5 two-part episode "Girls Night In" as the "new alien threat" coming to Earth, having a major role since her debut episode in the Season 2 premiere. Raven and Starfire, alongside their fellow girls, fight Starfire's elder sister in an all-out battle to stop her from conquering Earth. Starfire still wants to do sisterly bonding, obliviously regardless to her elder sister's intense dislike and hatred of her. Doing her favorite game of "Truth or Death", Blackfire further shatters her younger sister's heart by stating the hard truth: That she wished she did not have a sister.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: At this, the heartbroken and furious Starfire combines with her fellow girls- Raven, Bumblebee, Ravager, Jinx and Terra- and beats Blackfire once again by pushing her into the portal where her army was coming through.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: In "We're Off to Get Awards", she appeared as a cameo when she was awarded "Outstanding Alien Princess from Planet Tamaran" which infuriated Starfire.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Hynden Walch reprises her role as Crown Princess Komand'r/Blackfire in the web series "DC Super Hero Girls" as a supporting character. Unlike Princess Koriand'r/Starfire, her appearance is not modeled after her original comic looks. She appears in "The Day of Funship", where she and Starfire are having some sisterly fun, which she gets bored with. At the zoo, she and Starfire use a Tamaranian nursery rhyme to defeat King Shark. Blackfire is leaving to return to Koragar Academy, but promises to see her younger sister for Tamaran Sovereignty Day, and admitted that she did have fun hanging out with her "kinifster" after all.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Her final appearance was in the two-part Season 4 episode "Tamaranean Dance Club", she appeared as cameos to do the traditional Tamaranian dance (translates to"domination battle" in Tamaranian) against her overly joyful younger sister, Bumblebee, Wonder Woman, Katana, Supergirl and Batgirl, who defeated her and her fellow Korugar Academy students.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Blackfire appears in the second season of the live-action television series "Titans" as a supporting character, portrayed by Damaris Lewis. In this version, as seen in the episode "Atonement", she has succeeded in seizing the Tamaranean throne and murdering the entire royal court, including her own parents. In this iteration, Kmand'r is the younger sister to Starfire. Komand'r also sends a mind-controlling parasite to infect a Tamaraean emissary, Faddei, to manipulate her younger sister into returning home. When her game of deception is discovered by Kory, she appears as a hologram and expresses the intense resentment and jealousy she had always felt towards Koriand'r and her closer and more loving relationship with their parents. When Kory declares that she is coming for her, Komand'r merely replies "good" and detonates a bomb to destroy her sister's ship, leaving Kory stranded on Earth yet again. In the season two finale, "Nightwing," she uses another parasite to take over a woman and alter her body to resemble her own.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Many months later, in an episode bearing her English name, Princess Komand'r had somehow been released from the human woman she was controlling, overpowered and detained by Earth's scientists due to her hostile, sadistic nature. Despite her weakened and powerless state, the rogue Tamaranian princess still managed to activate some of her natural mental/psionic/extrasensory abilities to implant visions of her whereabouts into her younger sister's mind and take over her for a time. Once Kory and Garfield had discovered the underground facility, Blackfire and Starfire had a talk about the other always having one up over the other ever since their girlhood. Stating that imprisonment on such a "backwater planet" is dishonorable, Blackfire had told her sister to do away with her, but Kory refused. The sisterly reunion quickly escalated into a brawl with Starfire gaining the upper hand and seemingly knocking her sister out cold. Once outside her cell, a furious Blackfire yells at Starfire, assuring her that the reason for her present actions are all because of Starfire herself: Of her "disloyalty" to her own sister, and how she, Blackfire, had always deserved a sister who would always fight with and stand by her but never did.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: As Starfire and Beast Boy are about to leave, the scientist informs Starfire and Beast Boy about his decision to keep Blackfire until she finally perishes, which would take centuries in Earth years as Tamaranians possesses longevity and a slowed aging process. Disliking the idea of even her homicidal sister being caged like a pet for the remainder of her natural life, Kory releases her from her confinement and threatens the scientist to get out of her way, disregarding his claim that Blackfire belongs to the United States government, and that releasing her makes her the Teen Titans' problem, which Starfire gladly accepts. Blackfire then reluctantly decides to go in a car driven by Beast Boy, with Starfire in the front seat.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: In "Justice League vs. Teen Titans" when a frustrated Starfire is complaining about Damian Wayne's negative behavior to his adoptive brother Nightwing, she says that he reminds her of her sister.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Princess Komand'r/Blackfire is again mentioned/referenced in "" when Starfire was rescued from the Gordanians by Robin, Kid Flash, Arsenal, Beast Boy, and Bumblebee (in a flashback which took place five years ago). She revealed that Blackfire had staged a coup and seized the throne, forcing Princess Koriand'r to flee Tamaran and land on Planet Earth. In the present, Beast Boy had told Terra that Starfire was a refugee being stalked by her homicidal sister.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: With Hynden Walch reprising her role, Blackfire debuts in "", the second movie of the animated series. Unlike Starfire, her appearance is not modeled after her original comic looks; having straight waist-length dark purple hair. As one of the students at Koragar Academy, she came to Earth to beat Super Hero High School in the games, even her own sister. She expressed her dislike at Starfire's overly optimistic attitude and at her sister "lowering herself to help humans". She is offended of mere mortals passing themselves off as "superheroes" such as Batgirl. As the night wore on, she later stayed behind to help Starfire fight the robots created by Lena Luthor. She combined her stronger lilac blackbolt energies with Starfire's bright green ones and dismantled them with ease, to which Starfire said that they were at their very strongest when using "the blast of togetherness". She combined her purple ultraviolet energy-projecting (blackbolt) abilities with her sister's bright green starbolts and several other superheroes to supercharge Platinum.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Blackfire is mentioned by Starfire in some of her intros battling various villains and heroes in "Injustice 2". Doctor Fate had stated that "your sister's specter haunts you", to which Starfire replied that Princess Komand'r had betrayed her and all of Tamaran. There was another duel, in which Starfire was fighting a fellow female Tamaranean whom she had called her "Komand'r" whose ultraviolet energy bolts were the same bright green color as her own in contrast to being bright purple. This version had said that she was from the multiverse.


title: Blackfire (DC Comics)

text: Blackfire appears in the online game of "Teen Titans Go!". Angry that she was not invited to her younger sister's birthday party, she arrived at Titans Tower and demanded that the Titans face her.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: Bad Education (, also meaning 'bad manners') is a 2004 Spanish drama film written and directed by Pedro Almodóvar. Starring Gael García Bernal, Fele Martínez, Daniel Giménez Cacho, Lluís Homar and Francisco Boira, the film focuses on two reunited childhood friends and lovers caught up in a stylised murder mystery. Along with metafiction, sexual abuse by Catholic priests, transsexuality and drug use are also important themes and devices in the plot. The film received an NC-17 rating in the United States for a depiction of homosexual sex.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: The film was released on 19 March 2004 in Spain and 10 September 2004 in Mexico. It was also screened at many international film festivals such as Cannes, New York, Moscow and Toronto before its US release on 19 November 2004. The film received critical acclaim, and was seen as a return to Almodovar's dark stage, placing it alongside films such as "Matador" (1986) and "Law of Desire" (1987).


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: In 1980 Madrid, young film director Enrique Goded is looking for his next project when he receives the unexpected visit of an actor looking for work. The actor claims to be Enrique's boarding school friend and first love, Ignacio Rodriguez. Ignacio, who is now using the name Ángel Andrade, has brought a short story titled "The Visit", hoping that Enrique would be interested in making a film out of it and give her the starring role. Enrique is intrigued since "The Visit" describes their time together at the Catholic boarding school and it also includes a fictionalized account of their reunion many years later as adults.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: "The Visit" is set in 1977. It tells the story of a transgender drag queen with the stage name Zahara, whose birth name is Ignacio. Zahara plans to rob a drunken admirer but discovers that the man is her boyhood lover Enrique. Next she visits her old school and confronts Father Manolo, who abused her when she was a boy. She demands one million pesetas from him in exchange for halting publication of her story "The Visit". The story is set in a Catholic boarding school for boys in 1964. At the school, Ignacio, a young boy with a beautiful singing voice, is the object of lust of Father Manolo, the school principal and literature teacher. Ignacio falls in love with a young Enrique, and the two go the local cinema and grope each other. Manolo discovers them together that night. Although Ignacio allows Manolo to molest him in exchange for not punishing Enrique, he expels him nonetheless.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: Enrique wants to adapt the story but balks at Ángel's condition to be cast as Zahara, feeling that the Ignacio whom he loved and the Ignacio of today are totally different people. He drives to see Ignacio's mother in Ortigueira, Galicia and learns that the real Ignacio has been dead for four years and that the man who came to his office is actually Ignacio's younger brother, Juan. Enrique's interest is piqued, and he decides to do the film with Juan in the role of Ignacio to find out what drives Juan. Enrique and Ángel start a relationship, and Enrique revises the script so that it ends with Father Manolo, whom Ignacio was trying to blackmail to get money for sex reassignment surgery, having Ignacio murdered. When the scene is shot, Ángel breaks out in tears unexpectedly.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: The film set is visited by Manuel Berenguer, who is the real Father Manolo, who has resigned from Church duty. Berenguer confesses to Enrique that the new ending of the film is not far from the truth: the real Ignacio blackmailed Berenguer, who somehow managed to scratch together the money but also took an interest in Ignacio's younger brother, Juan. Juan and Manolo started a relationship and after a while realized they both wanted to see Ignacio dead. Juan scored some very pure heroin, so that his brother would die by overdose after shooting up. After the crime, the relationship disintegrates; Berenguer wants to continue the relationship with Juan, but Juan is uninterested. Berenguer claims that he will never let Juan go, and Juan threatens to kill him if Berenguer continues to pursue him. Berenguer attempts to blackmail Juan for his part in the murder of Ignacio. Enrique is shocked and not at all interested in Juan's weak vindications for what he did to his brother. Finally, before he leaves, Juan gives Enrique a piece of paper: a letter to Enrique that Ignacio was in the middle of typing when he died reading "I think I have succeeded..."


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: An epilogue states that after the release of the film Juan and Enrique both achieved great success, although Juan was later relegated to television acting after his career declined in the 1990s and killed Berenguer in a hit-and-run because of his continued blackmailing of him.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: "The New York Times" reporter Lynn Hirschberg stated that Bernal had a falling out with Almodovar over the film's content; Bernal denied that assertion. Bernal and Almodóvar had different ideas on the type of 'inner transvestite' in terms of Bernal's performance.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: The film opened theatrically in the United States on 19 November 2004 in three venues, earning $147,370 in its opening weekend, ranking number 30 in the domestic box office. At the end of its North American theatrical run (its widest release being in 106 venues), the film had grossed $5,211,842 in the United States and Canada, and $35,062,088 overseas ($7,356,224 in its home country of Spain), making $40,273,930 worldwide.


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: The film received critical acclaim. Rotten Tomatoes reports that 88% of 146 reviews were positive, with an average rating of 7.60/10. The site's consensus states: "A layered, wonderfully-acted, and passionate drama." On Metacritic, the film has an 81 out of 100 rating, based on 34 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".


title: Bad Education (2004 film)

text: Ann Hornaday from "The Washington Post" wrote, "To watch "Bad Education" is to revel, along with Almodóvar, in the power of cinema to take us on journeys of breathtaking mystery and dimension and beauty." Marjorie Baumgarten from the "Austin Chronicle" wrote "With "Bad Education", the great Almodóvar delivers the finest movie of his career." Peter Travers from "Rolling Stone" wrote "A rapturous masterwork." Roger Ebert gave the film three and a half stars out of four writing "Pedro Almodovar's new movie is like an ingenious toy that is a joy to behold, until you take it apart to see what makes it work, and then it never works again. While you're watching it, you don't realize how confused you are, because it either makes sense from moment to moment or, when it doesn't, you're distracted by the sex. Life is like that."


title: 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

text: The 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (officially the Brasileirão Assaí 2021 for sponsorship reasons) was the 65th season of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, the top level of professional football in Brazil, and the 18th edition in a double round-robin since its establishment in 2003. The competition began on 29 May and ended on 9 December 2021. Flamengo were the defending champions.


title: 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

text: The top six teams as well as the 2021 Copa do Brasil champions qualified for the Copa Libertadores. The next six best-placed teams not qualified for Copa Libertadores qualified for the Copa Sudamericana and the last four were relegated to Série B for 2022.


title: 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

text: Atlético Mineiro were the champions, winning their second Série A title on 2 December 2021 with two matches to spare after they defeated Bahia by a 3–2 score.


title: 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

text: Twenty teams compete in the league – the top sixteen teams from the previous season, as well as four teams promoted from the Série B.


title: 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

text: América Mineiro and Chapecoense became the first two clubs to be promoted on 12 January 2021 after a 0–0 draw against Náutico and a 2–1 win against Figueirense, respectively. Chapecoense had an immediate return to the first division after a season away, while América Mineiro returned after a two-year absence. Cuiabá was promoted for the first time ever on 22 January 2021. The final team to achieve promotion were Juventude on 29 January 2021, sealing a return to the top flight after a thirteen-year absence.


title: 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

text: The clubs can have a maximum of five foreign players in their Campeonato Brasileiro squads per match, but there is no limit of foreigners in the clubs' squads.


title: 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

text: The table lists the positions of teams after each week of matches.<br>In order to preserve chronological evolvements, any postponed matches are not included to the round at which they were originally scheduled, but added to the full round they were played immediately afterwards.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: John Michael Hawthorn (10 April 1929 – 22 January 1959) was a British racing driver. He became the United Kingdom's first Formula One World Champion driver in 1958, whereupon he announced his retirement, having been profoundly affected by the death of his teammate and friend Peter Collins two months earlier in the 1958 German Grand Prix. Hawthorn also won the 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, but was haunted by his involvement in the disastrous crash that marred the race. Hawthorn died in a road accident three months after retiring. With a total of three career World Championship Grand Prix wins Hawthorn has the lowest number of Grand Prix wins scored by any Formula One World Champion.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Mike Hawthorn was born in Mexborough, West Riding of Yorkshire, England, to Leslie and Winifred (née Symonds) Hawthorn, and educated at Ardingly College, West Sussex, followed by studies at Chelsea technical college and an apprenticeship with a commercial vehicle manufacturer. His father owned the Tourist Trophy Garage in Farnham, franchised to supply and service several high performance brands, including Jaguar and Ferrari. His father raced motorcycles and supported his son's racing career; when he died in a road accident, in 1954, Mike Hawthorn inherited the business.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Mike Hawthorn made his competition debut on 2 September 1950 in his 1934 Riley Ulster Imp, KV 9475, winning the 1,100 cc sports car class at the Brighton Speed Trials. In 1951, driving a -litre T.T. Riley, he entered the "Motor Sport" Brooklands Memorial Trophy, a season-long contest run at Goodwood, winning it by one point. He also won the Ulster Trophy Handicap at Dundrod and the Leinster Trophy at Wicklow that year.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: By 1952, Hawthorn had switched to single-seaters and during that season won his first race in a Formula Two Cooper-Bristol T20 at Goodwood. Further successes followed which brought him to the attention of Enzo Ferrari, who offered him a works drive. He made his Formula One debut at the 1952 Grote Prijs van Belgie on the legendary Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, finishing in fourth place. By the end of the season, he had already secured his first podium, with a third place at the RAC British Grand Prix and a brace of fourths driving a Cooper.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: At Scuderia Ferrari for the 1953 season, Hawthorn immediately showed his worth with victory, at his ninth attempt, in the French Grand Prix at Reims, outmanoeuvring Juan Manuel Fangio in what became dubbed 'the race of the century' with the top four drivers finishing within five seconds of each other after 60 laps. This and two other podium finishes helped him end the season fourth overall. He also won the BRDC International Trophy and the Ulster Trophy as well as the 24 Heures de Spa Francorchamps with Ferrari teammate Giuseppe Farina.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Hawthorn's liability for conscription (National Service) was brought up in the House of Commons. In a crash during the Gran Premio di Siracusa Hawthorn suffered serious burns, but finished the year with three seconds and then victory in the season finale in Spain, placing him third in the Drivers' Championship. Following the death of his father, Hawthorn left Ferrari to race for Tony Vandervell's Vanwall team, as he needed to spend more time at the family garage he had inherited, but after two races returned to Ferrari.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: In January 1955, Hawthorn joined the Jaguar racing team, replacing Stirling Moss, who had left for Mercedes. Hawthorn won the 1955 les 24 Heures du Mans following what has been described as an inspired drive in which he set a lap record of 4 minutes and 6.6 seconds during a three-hour duel with Fangio in the early stages. However, the race was marred by the worst disaster in motor racing history, a crash which killed 83 spectators and Mercedes driver Pierre Levegh. After overtaking Lance Macklin's Healey, Hawthorn suddenly braked in front of him on noticing an order to enter the pits to refuel, causing Macklin to swerve into the path of Levegh's Mercedes. After colliding with the Healey, the Mercedes skipped the earthen embankment separating the spectator area from the track, bounced through spectator enclosures, then hit a concrete stairwell parapet head-on. The impact shattered the front end of the car, which then somersaulted high, pitching debris into the spectator area, before landing atop the earthen embankment. The debris, including bonnet, engine, and front axle, which separated from the frame, flew through the crowd.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Eight hours later, while leading the race 1.5 laps ahead of the Jaguar team, the Mercedes team withdrew from the race, ostensibly as a mark of respect for those who had perished in the accident; the Jaguar team was invited to join them but declined. The French press carried photographs of Hawthorn and Ivor Bueb celebrating their win with the customary champagne but treated them with scorn.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: The official inquiry into the accident ruled that Hawthorn was not responsible for the crash, and that it was merely a racing incident. The death of so many spectators was blamed on inadequate safety standards for track design. Aside from two layout changes to make the circuit shorter, the track was largely unaltered since the inception of the race in 1923, when top speeds of cars were typically in the region of . By 1955, top speeds for the leading cars were over . That said, the circuit had been resurfaced and widened post-war. The pits and grandstands had been reconstructed, but there were no barriers between the pit lane and the racing line, and only a earthen bank between the track and the spectators. The Grandstand and pit areas were demolished and rebuilt soon after. The death toll led to a ban on motorsports in France, Spain, Switzerland, Germany and other nations, until the tracks could be brought to a higher safety standard. In Switzerland motorsports are still banned with exceptions.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Whilst sharing the Jaguar D-Type with Desmond Titterington during the 1955 RAC Tourist Trophy at Dundrod, Hawthorn passed Fangio twice, and set the lap record for the RAC Tourist Trophy on the Dundrod Circuit, only to lose in the final stages when, running on full tanks, he was passed by Stirling Moss when the D Type's engine failed on the last lap.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Another change of team for 1956 – this time to BRM - was a failure, and Hawthorn's only podium came in Argentina where the non-appearance of his BRM allowed him to guest drive a Maserati 250F. However, when it appeared, usually only in British races, the new 2.5 BRM was very fast while it lasted, and Hawthorn held off Fangio, leading the first 25 laps at Silverstone in the British GP. He retired the car before half distance owing to deteriorating handling and brakes. Deeply unhappy with the BRM team's management and car preparation, Hawthorn walked out of the team at this point. Hawthorn had left Ferrari because driving for the British Jaguar sports car team was his first priority. He was favoured to win at Le Mans again, but lost ten laps in the pits early in the race, and while the D type repeatedly set fastest laps, the fuel consumption rules meant he could only finish sixth.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Racing the D type in Italy, Hawthorn crashed and suffered very serious burns, his second bad accident of the year, leaving him disillusioned with racing. However, he believed a return to Ferrari could give him the championship in the superior Lancia Ferrari D50. He had put the original Jano version of the car on the front row at its debut in the final F1 race of 1955 at Oulton Park. However, Ferrari's modified version of the design for 1957 was slower than Fangio and Collins's all-conquering 1956 Lancia Ferrari. The 1957 version, with the polar centred pannier tanks removed, still handled well, but was not the masterpiece Jano designed; it lacked straight line speed and was uncompetitive by mid 1957, clearly inferior to the new Vanwalls.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Hawthorn rejoined the Ferrari factory team in 1957, and soon became friends with Peter Collins, a fellow Englishman and Ferrari team driver. During the 1957 and 1958 racing seasons, the two Englishmen became engaged in a fierce rivalry with Luigi Musso, another Ferrari driver, for prize money.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Hawthorn won the Formula One Championship despite achieving only one win, against four by Moss. Hawthorn won the 1958 French Grand Prix at Reims, in which Musso was fatally injured while in second place. Leading easily in the 1958 Monaco Grand Prix at half distance, his 246 engine blew, while at Monza he was a minute ahead of Tony Brooks when his clutch forced him to slow to second place. Hawthorn benefited greatly from the gentlemanliness of Moss, as demonstrated at the 1958 Portuguese Grand Prix at Porto. Hawthorn was disqualified for bump starting his stalled car downhill in the opposite direction, on the way to a second-place finish. Moss interceded on Hawthorn's behalf and the decision was ultimately reversed. After a pit stop midway through that race, Hawthorn accelerated back through the field to gain an extra point for fastest lap. Moss had failed to respond, possibly doubting Hawthorn could lap so fast with damaged drum brakes. This extra world championship point plus the second place points contributed to Hawthorn winning the championship with a season total just one more than that of Moss. In the final race, the 1958 Moroccan Grand Prix, Hawthorn drove a conservative tactical race aiming to stay ahead of Moss's Vanwall teammates. Brooks's car broke while narrowly leading Hawthorn, and Stuart Lewis-Evans in the third Vanwall crashed after a desperate attempt to move through the field and challenge Hawthorn running third; Evans later died of burns. In the last laps, second-placed Phil Hill slowed and waved Hawthorn through to gain enough points to take the Championship; the first ever to be won by an English driver. Hawthorn's total of just one win in his title winning season means that Hawthorn currently jointly holds the Formula One record for the fewest number of Grand Prix wins by an eventual champion during a title winning season along with Keke Rosberg (who also scored one win in his subsequent 1982 title winning season)


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: After winning the title, Hawthorn immediately announced his retirement from Formula One. He began a series of books for children featuring not only the wholly fictional Carlotti but also himself and other drivers of the day ('Stirling nipped past me at the hairpin', and so on). The first, published in 1958, was "Carlotti Joins the Team", and a second was published in 1959 called "Carlotti Takes the Wheel". Due to his death, the series did not continue.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Hawthorn was noted for wearing a bow tie when racing; to the French, he became known as 'Le Papillon' (The Butterfly).


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Fiamma Breschi, Luigi Musso's girlfriend at the time of his death, revealed the nature of Musso's rivalry with Hawthorn and Collins in a television documentary, "The Secret Life of Enzo Ferrari", many years after the death of Hawthorn. Breschi recalled that the antagonism between Musso and the two English drivers encouraged all three to take more risks: "The Englishmen (Hawthorn and Collins) had an agreement", she says. "Whichever of them won, they would share the winnings equally. It was the two of them against Luigi, who was not part of the agreement. Strength comes in numbers, and they were united against him. This antagonism was actually favourable rather than damaging to Ferrari. The faster the drivers went, the more likely it was that a Ferrari would win." Breschi related that Musso was in debt at the time of his death, and the money for winning the 1958 French Grand Prix (traditionally the largest monetary prize of the season), was all-important to him.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: After visiting the mortally injured Musso in hospital, Breschi returned to her hotel, where she and the rest of the Ferrari team were informed by the team manager that afternoon that Musso had died. Within thirty days Collins too was dead, and the following January, Hawthorn. Breschi could not suppress a feeling of release: "I had hated them both", she said, "first because I was aware of certain facts that were not right, and also because when I came out of the hospital and went back to the hotel, I found them in the square outside the hotel, laughing and playing a game of football with an empty beer can. So when they died, too, it was liberating for me. Otherwise I would have had unpleasant feelings towards them forever. This way I could find a sense of peace."


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Hawthorn never married, but fathered a son, Arnaud Michael Delaunay, with Jacqueline Delaunay, whom he met in Reims after winning the French Grand Prix in 1953. He was engaged at the time of his death to the fashion model Jean Howarth, who later married another racing driver, Innes Ireland, in 1993.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: On 22 January 1959, only three months into his retirement, Hawthorn died in a car accident on the A3 Guildford bypass while driving his comprehensively modified 1958 Jaguar 3.4-litre saloon (now known as the 3.4 Mk 1) VDU 881 to London. While the circumstances of the accident are well documented, the precise cause remains unknown.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: The accident occurred on a notoriously dangerous section of the road, the scene of 15 serious accidents (two fatal) in the previous two years; the road was also wet at the time. Driving at speed (one witness estimated 80 m.p.h.), Hawthorn overtook a Mercedes-Benz 300SL 'gull-wing' sports car driven by an acquaintance, the motor racing team manager Rob Walker. On entering a right-hand bend shortly after passing the Mercedes, Hawthorn clipped a 'Keep Left' bollard dividing the two carriageways, causing him to lose control. The Jaguar glanced an oncoming Bedford lorry before careering back across the eastbound carriageway sideways into a roadside tree, uprooting it. The impact caused Hawthorn fatal head injuries and propelled him onto the rear seat.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: There was inevitable speculation that Hawthorn and Walker had been racing each other, fuelled by Walker's persistent refusal at the coroner's inquest to estimate the speed of his own car at the time. In an interview with motor racing journalist Eoin Young and writer Eric Dymock in 1988, Walker admitted he had indeed been racing Hawthorn, but had been advised by a police officer investigating the accident to make no further mention of it lest he incriminate himself.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: Possible causes of the accident include driver error, a blackout, or mechanical failure, although examination of the wreck revealed no obvious fault. There is evidence that Hawthorn had recently suffered blackouts, perhaps because of kidney failure. By 1955, Hawthorn had already lost one kidney to infection, and had begun suffering problems with the other; he was expected at the time to live only three more years.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: At the coroner's inquest on 26 January the jury returned a verdict of accidental death. Hawthorn was buried in West Street Cemetery in Farnham.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: In Farnham, the town where he lived up to the time of his death, there is a street named Mike Hawthorn Drive. It was in this town that Hawthorn ran the Tourist Trophy Garage which sold Jaguars, Rileys, Fiats and Ferraris. There is a hill and corner named after him at Brands Hatch and a corner at the Croft racing circuit at Croft-on-Tees in North Yorkshire, while in Towcester on the Shires estate, three miles from the Silverstone circuit, Hawthorn Drive is named after him. There is a statue at Goodwood Circuit commemorating Hawthorn as the UK's first Formula One World Champion.


title: Mike Hawthorn

text: The Hawthorn Memorial Trophy has been awarded to the most successful British or Commonwealth Formula 1 driver every year since . Lewis Hamilton has won the award the most times, taking the trophy on eleven occasions, and being its current holder.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: While the New Zealand format is similar to Australia's Bank State Branch, the two systems are not interchangeable.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: The origins of the format lay in the establishment of the Databank Systems Limited, a company set up by a consortium of competing New Zealand banks, to provide computing resources (development and operational) for the consortium members.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: Bank codes are coordinated by Payments NZ who administer the Bulk Electronic Clearing System (BECS). The scope of BECS includes direct debits, automatic payments, bill payments, and direct credits. Payments NZ also administer the following payment systems in New Zealand:


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: where B is the bank number (2 digits), b is the branch number (4 digits), A is the account number (7 digits) and S are digits of the suffix (2 or 3 digits). Where a bank displays the suffix as two digits, a leading zero is added to pad the suffix to three digits; i.e. BB-bbbb-AAAAAAA-SS becomes BB-bbbb-AAAAAAA-0SS.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: This format allows customers to have a single account number with differing suffixes for multiple accounts of differing types. This does not include credit card and loan products.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: Bank accounts are prefixed with six digits, two indicating the bank and four which indicate the branch. The table below shows which banks are allocated which bank prefix. A current list of branches as their associated bank/branch numbers is available for download from the Payments NZ website.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: The account body consists of seven digits, right adjusted and padded with zeroes if necessary. The last digit of the body is a check digit which can be validated using a modulus algorithm.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: The table below shows the account number suffixes as introduced by Databank Systems Limited from 1969.


title: New Zealand bank account number

text: Some banks (such as BNZ) include three digits of the suffix in their presentation of the number to the end customer. Other banks only show the last two digits of the suffix to the end customer. Technically, all banks have three digit suffixes, it's just that the first digit of the suffix is always 0 so it's usually ignored.


title: Jamali Maddix

text: Jamali Maddix (born 15 April 1991) is an English stand-up comedian. He appears as a regular on the reboot of "Never Mind the Buzzcocks" and appeared on series 11 of "Taskmaster".


title: Jamali Maddix

text: Maddix won the Chortle Student Comedian of the Year award in 2014 while he was a student at The University of Salford.


title: Jamali Maddix

text: In July 2022, Maddix's podcast "Spooky Shit" won the title of Best Comedy Podcast at the British Podcast Awards.


title: Jamali Maddix

text: Maddix hosted a documentary series on extremism titled "Hate Thy Neighbor" in partnership with Vice in 2016. In the series, Maddix interviews extremists from around the world to understand how they think. These extremists include members of hate groups such as NSM, Azov, Nordic Youth, Black Hebrew Israelites and the EDL.


title: Jamali Maddix

text: Maddix appeared on series 11 of "Taskmaster", which was broadcast from April to May 2021. He came in fourth place.


title: Jamali Maddix

text: Maddix's father is Jamaican and his mother's father is Greek, although for many years he had believed him to be Italian. In an episode of "Big Zuu's Big Eats", recorded 12 December 2019, he said "My dad is Jamaican, my mum didn't know her pops and she always told me he was Italian, for some reason. I don't know, she said he's Italian, that's all she'll say, 'Ah, he's Italian.' And I remember, I was talking to mum one day and she goes, 'Ah no, he was Greek.' So, now I'm a quarter Greek, but I never knew I was a quarter Greek until now and, you know, all right."


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: A self-help group (commonly abbreviated SHG) is a financial intermediary committee usually composed of 12 to 25 local women between the ages of 18 and 50. Most self-help groups are in India, though they can be found in other countries, especially in South Asia and Southeast Asia. A SHG is generally a group of people who work on daily wages who form a loose grouping or union. Money is collected from those who are able to donate and given to members in need.


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: Members may also make small regular savings contributions over a few months until there is enough money in the group to begin lending. Funds may then be lent back to the members or to others in the village for any purpose. In India, many SHGs are linked with banks for the delivery of micro-credit.


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: A SHG is a community-based group with 10-25 members. Members are usually women from similar social and economic backgrounds, all voluntarily coming together to save small sums of money, on a regular basis. They pool their resources to become financially stable, taking loans from their collective savings in times of emergency or financial scarcity, important life events or to purchase assets. The group members use collective wisdom and peer pressure to ensure proper end-use of credit and timely repayment. In India, RBI regulations mandate that banks offer financial services, including collateral free loans to these groups, on very low interest rates. This allows poor women to circumvent the challenges of exclusion from institutional financial services. This system is closely related to that of solidarity lending, widely used by microfinance institutions.


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: Beyond their function as savings and credit groups, SHGs offer poor women a platform for building solidarity. They allow women to come together and act on issues related to their own lives including health, nutrition, governance and gender justice.


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: Self-help groups are started by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that generally have broad anti-poverty agendas. Self-help groups are seen as instruments for goals including empowering women, developing leadership abilities among the poor and the needy, increasing school enrolment and improving nutrition and the use of birth control.


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: Financial intermediation is generally seen more as an entry point to these other goals, rather than as a primary objective. This can hinder their development as sources of village capital, as well as their efforts to aggregate locally controlled pools of capital through federation, as was historically accomplished by credit unions.


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: Many self-help groups, especially in India, under NABARD's 'SHG Bank Linkage' program, borrow from banks once they have accumulated a base of their own capital.


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: This model has attracted attention as a possible way of delivering micro-finance services to poor populations that have been difficult to reach directly through banks or other institutions. "By aggregating their individual savings into a single deposit, self-help groups minimize the bank's transaction costs and generate an attractive volume of deposits. Through self-help groups, the bank can serve small rural depositors while paying them a market rate of interest."


title: Self-help group (finance)

text: According to a report from 2006, NABARD estimates that there are 2.2 million SHGs in India, representing 33 million members, that have taken loans from banks under its linkage program to date. This does not include SHGs that have not borrowed. A study conducted by S Chakrabarti in 2004 said that organization like SHG can be an effective tool for "allevating poverty"."The SHG Banking Linkage Programme since its beginning has been predominant in certain states, showing spatial preferences especially for the southern region – Andhra-Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka. These states accounted for 57% of the SHG credits linked during the financial year 2005–2006."


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Lilith Sternin (formerly Sternin-Crane) is a fictional character on the American television sitcoms "Cheers" and "Frasier", portrayed by Bebe Neuwirth. The character first appears as a date for Frasier Crane, though mutual hostility and discomfort causes the evening to end badly. Several months later, Lilith meets Frasier again and, with some help from Frasier's ex-fiancée, Diane Chambers (Shelley Long), they start a romantic relationship, eventually living together, marrying, and having a son, Frederick.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: In the final season of "Cheers", Lilith has an affair with another man and leaves Frasier. The affair later unravels and Lilith returns, seeking reconciliation with Frasier. Although "Cheers" ended ambiguously with regard to Frasier and Lilith's marriage, at the beginning of the spin-off series "Frasier", their divorce had been finalized, with Lilith gaining custody of Frederick and remaining in Boston while Frasier has moved back to his hometown of Seattle. Lilith occasionally appears in "Frasier", sometimes with Frederick.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Lilith debuts in the "Cheers" episode, "Second Time Around" (1986), as Frasier Crane's (Kelsey Grammer) date. In the episode, their first date does not go well. Lilith walks out of the date because she disdains the bar as Frasier's location for their date and Frasier's activities at the bar. In "Abnormal Psychology" (1986), they feel mutual attraction again when he becomes accustomed to her makeover done by Diane Chambers (Shelley Long). At first reluctant to start over again, they then decide to go for another date. For years they live together since, as first shown in "Dinner at Eight-ish" (1987). "Our Hourly Bread" (1988) reveals that they wed one month before the episode. (In "Smotherly Love" (1992), they re-enact their wedding to please Lilith's mother Betty (Marilyn Cooper), who was irritated that she had not been present for their marriage.) In "The Stork Brings a Crane" (1989), Lilith gives birth to Frederick during the taxi ride home after false labor in the hospital.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: The tenth-season "Cheers" episode "I'm Okay, You're Defective" (1991) features two plots: one subplot about Lilith pressuring Frasier to finalize his will and one main plot about Sam Malone's (Ted Danson) concern that his sperm count may be low. The episode's epilogue is described as "Many years later" with an elderly Lilith and adult Frederick (Rob Neukirch) sitting for the reading of Frasier's will. The lawyer opens the sealed envelope and is surprised to find Sam's sperm count report, which turns out stable. In response to the mix-up, Lilith bitterly remarks, "That damn bar."


title: Lilith Sternin

text: In the eleventh and final season (1992–93), in "Teaching with the Enemy" (1992), Lilith admits her affair with another man – Dr. Louis Pascal (Peter Vogt). In "The Girl in the Plastic Bubble" (1992), Lilith leaves Frasier, with him contemplating suicide until she promises to him that the marriage can be saved, to live with Pascal in Pascal's experimental underground eco-pod. In "Is There a Doctor in the Howe?" (1993), a depressed Frasier almost has sex with Rebecca Howe (Kirstie Alley) in their bed until Lilith unexpectedly returns. In the following episode, "The Bar Manager, The Shrink, His Wife and Her Lover" (1993), Lilith storms out of the room to go to Cheers, demanding the others tell her how long Frasier and Rebecca have been having an affair. The other characters have no idea as the affair has barely started that very evening. Lilith reveals that the eco-pod experiment with Pascal was a disaster — Pascal turned out to be claustrophobic, among other mental problems — and she abandons the project to return to Boston. Frasier and Rebecca, and eventually Pascal, converge on Cheers in pursuit of Lilith. Pascal, armed with a pistol, demands Lilith return to him, threatening to shoot Frasier and the others. Lilith demands that he shoot her first, which causes him to back down and surrender to police. Although Frasier initially refuses to take Lilith back, her pathetic sobbing wins him over, suggesting a reconciliation can occur.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: In the spin-off "Frasier", Lilith and Frasier have divorced, and Frederick continually lives with Lilith in Boston after Frasier's move to Seattle. In the opening scene of the 1993 pilot episode of "Frasier" ("The Good Son"), Frasier is hosting his call-in radio show and relates the following:


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Six months ago, I was living in Boston. My wife had left me, which was very painful. Then she came back to me, which was excruciating. ...So I ended the marriage once and for all, packed up my things, and moved back here to my home town of Seattle.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Actress Bebe Neuwirth reprises the role of Lilith in several episodes of "Frasier". In her debut "Frasier" episode, "The Show Where Lilith Comes Back" (1994), Lilith calls Frasier during his radio show, which surprises him, and mocks Frasier's psychiatric advice to his callers, especially one who overeats and whom Lilith attempts to help. Later at his apartment, Lilith reminds him about their times together during marriage. They make love at one point, but end up regretting it, strongly indicating no chance of a lasting reconciliation. Throughout the series, Lilith reappears on occasion, often rekindling hers and Frasier's lingering emotional bond, sometimes over concern about the future of Frederick (Trevor Einhorn), who also makes recurring appearances.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: A running gag throughout "Frasier" is that Frasier's father and brother, Martin Crane (John Mahoney) and Niles Crane (David Hyde Pierce), are never pleased to see Lilith. Martin finds her "weird" and usually shouts out in shock when he unexpectedly sees her in his and Frasier's apartment. Niles resents her for mocking the vows at his wedding but forgives her when she apologizes. Lilith's presence frightens Martin's dog Eddie, terrifying the normally defiant dog into obedience. Martin's live-in physical therapist, Daphne Moon (Jane Leeves), who fancies herself as having minor psychic abilities, routinely suffers debilitating headaches when Lilith is in town, citing an evil spiritual presence.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Lilith marries her fiancé Brian (James Morrison), an MIT seismologist who appears in only one episode "Adventures in Paradise, Part Two" (1994). A later episode, "Room Service" (1998), reveals that Lilith is recently divorced from Brian after he came out of the closet.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Her final "Frasier" episode is "Guns 'N Neuroses" (2003), where Lilith's colleague Nancy (Christine Dunford), sets Frasier up on a blind date with Lilith, having no idea of their mutual history. However, the two meet up for a drink while Lilith is in Seattle and, when it overruns, they both end up cancelling on the blind date (never learning they had been set up with each other). When the two are interrupted by a loud argument between a young married couple in the next room, Frasier and Lilith successfully resolve the couple's dispute, then spend the night together watching television and finally falling asleep together on the couch. The next morning, they part ways as loving friends without restarting their romance.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: A stereotypical "intelligent ice queen" Lilith Sternin was supposed to appear in one episode of the fourth season of "Cheers", "Second Time Around" (1986). However, she was brought back in the fifth season and became a recurring character thereafter. Over the years, like Diane Chambers, an educated Lilith is often mocked yet "manages to put people in their place."


title: Lilith Sternin

text: "Cheers" and "Frasier" writers Ken Levine and David Isaacs found the chemistry of Frasier and Lilith "special" enough to compare them with Katharine Hepburn and Spencer Tracy mixed with "Prozac" and to comfortably write stories about. Nevertheless, Neuwirth did not want to appear as a regular player, and left the role of Lilith on "Cheers". Neuwirth's career has since been focused on stage work. However, she made several guest appearances as Lilith in the spin-off "Frasier".


title: Lilith Sternin

text: The "Frasier" episode "Wheels of Fortune" (2002) reveals that Lilith has a half-brother, Blaine (Michael Keaton), whom Frasier despises due to Blaine's relentless swindling.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: According to an April 1–4, 1993, telephone survey of 1,011 people by the Times Mirror Center for the People and the Press (now Pew Research Center), before the "Frasier" premiere and the "Cheers" finale, Sam Malone (Ted Danson) was voted a favorite character by 26 percent, and Frasier Crane and Lilith Sternin were voted favorites by 1 percent each. In response to a question of spinning off a character, 15 percent voted Sam, 12 percent voted Woody Boyd (Woody Harrelson), 10 percent voted Norm Peterson (George Wendt), and 29 percent voted no spin-offs. Frasier Crane, whose own spin-off "Frasier" debuted in September 1993, was voted 2 percent to have his own show.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Bill Simmons, who at the time worked for ESPN, deemed Lilith Sternin one of his least favorite "Cheers" characters. Martha Nolan from "The New York Times" called Frasier and Lilith "repressed" when married together in "Cheers". Josh Bell from "About.com" called Frasier and his ex-wife Lilith Sternin one of the "best sitcom divorced couples" of all-time.


title: Lilith Sternin

text: Steven H. Scheuer from "Sarasota Herald-Tribune" considered Lilith's significance to and marriage with Frasier "fun" to watch, especially when, in "Severe Crane Damage" (1990), she used comparisons between "the duller good boy" Frasier and "the interesting bad boy" Sam Malone as "psychiatric examples of the good boy–bad boy syndrome". Faye Zuckerman and John Martin from "The New York Times" called their marriage in "Cheers" a hilariously "[perfect mismatch]". Television critic Kevin McDonough from New York praised Kelsey Grammer and Bebe Neuwirth's performances as "repressed individuals" and "separate couple on TV" with "acidic and hilarious" chemistry together.


title: Kofi Siriboe

text: Nana-Kofi Siriboe (born March 2, 1994) is an American actor and model. He is best known for his role as Ralph Angel Bordelon on the television series "Queen Sugar" (2016–present). He has also appeared in films such as "The Longshots" (2008) and "Girls Trip" (2017).


title: Kofi Siriboe

text: Born Nana-Kofi Siriboe in Los Angeles, California to Koshie Mills and Kwame Siriboe. His parents are of Ghanaian descent. He is the middle child and has two brothers, actors Kwame Boateng and Kwesi Boakye.


title: Kofi Siriboe

text: As a model, Siriboe signed with Wilhelmina Models and Vision Los Angeles. He made his professional acting debut in the film "The Longshots" (2008). He later appeared in the films "Prom" (2011), "Whiplash" (2014) and "Straight Outta Compton" (2015). On television, he had a recurring role on the comedy-drama series "Awkward" from 2014 to 2015.


title: Kofi Siriboe

text: Since 2016, Siriboe has starred on the drama series "Queen Sugar", for which he gained attention and three consecutive NAACP Image Award nominations. He was subsequently cast in the hit film "Girls Trip" (2017).


title: Starlux Airlines

text: STARLUX Airlines () is a Taiwanese international airline company headquartered in Taipei, Taiwan, and operated its first flight from Taipei to Macau on 23 January 2020.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: The company was registered in 2016 with the Taiwanese Ministry of Economic Affairs. This was confirmed by Chang Kuo-wei


title: Starlux Airlines

text: on 30 November 2016, who was formerly the chairman of Taiwanese airline EVA Air. The airline registered with the Taiwanese Civil Aeronautics Administration in the first half of 2017, and it was planned, in late 2016, that the airline would commence operations in 2018. The Taiwanese Ministry of Economic Affairs received the formal application for establishing the airline under the name Starlux Airlines on 22 May 2017. In an interview in 2017, the airline was expected to start operations by the end of 2019, though in January 2019, Chang stated that Starlux Airlines would launch in January 2020.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: In March 2019, the airline's chairman Chang Kuo-wei signed an order for 17 Airbus A350 XWB aircraft, which was also the country's largest single Airbus purchase agreement. In September 2019, the airline announced the first destinations to be launched, consisting of Da Nang, Macau, and Penang to begin on 23 January 2020. On 25 October 2019, the airline's first aircraft, an Airbus A321neo, was delivered from Hamburg, Germany, before the plane arrived at the airline's hub at Taoyuan International Airport on 29 October after making stops in Dubai and Bangkok. On 10 December 2019, Starlux received its air operator's certificate (AOC) from the Taiwanese Civil Aeronautics Administration, followed by the formal opening of reservations on 16 December 2019 for the start of services the following month.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on aviation, which began to occur within months of the airline's inauguration, Starlux announced the suspension of most of its services except to Da Nang. Subsequently, in March 2020 the airline suspended all of its operations until 2 June 2020, after which the airline resumed its three-weekly services to Macau. Before the airline resumed service, it received clearance in May 2020 to begin services to Naha as its first destination in Japan, with a start date no earlier than 1 July, however the airline said that the timeline for Naha's service inauguration was dependent on the pandemic's developments. Subsequently, due to the pandemic, the airline additionally delayed the launch of its Cebu services twice, and indefinitely postponed the launch of its services to Naha.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: Since its establishment in May 2018 until November 2022, the airline has make a staggering cumulative operating loss of NT$11.16 billion, with NT$3.91 billion in financial year 2020 and NT$4.04 billion in financial year 2021.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: In August 2022, StarLux announced its plan to expand its services to North America in April 2023 as the travel industry start to recover from the COVID-19 impact.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: In March 2019, Starlux announced it would start operations with 17 Airbus aircraft, consisting of 5 Airbus A350-900s and 12 Airbus A350-1000s for routes to Europe & North America as well as selected Asian destinations. The airline later planned to add 10 Airbus A321neos to its fleet to serve their Asian routes. In November 2019, Starlux decided to swap four Airbus A350-1000 orders to four A350-900s. Hence, since the start of 2020, the orders stands at 9 A350-900s and 8 A350-1000s.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: Starlux had also considered the addition of the Airbus A330neo to its fleet. This was followed by the airline placing an order for 8 Airbus A330-900s, alongside three additional A321neos and one leased A350-900 to its order backlog on 10 September 2020. Starlux also announced during September 2020 that its Airbus A350s would feature a first class cabin. During 2022, Starlux decided to swap all Airbus A350-1000 orders to A350-900s.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: As part of the plans, Starlux would become the first Taiwanese airline to fly the Airbus A321neo, and Airbus A330-900.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: In October 2022, Starlux received their first Airbus A350-900 at Airbus Headquarters in Toulouse, France. Their CEO will personally fly this aircraft back to Taiwan.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: In-flight entertainment (IFE) is provided through seatback touchscreen systems, which are equipped with a USB power port and contain a selection of audio and video on demand (AVOD), as well as a live position mapping system. Starlux commissioned smooth jazz guitarist Peter White to provide a soundtrack for the entertainment system, which was commercially released on 29 November 2019 as "Music for STARLUX Airlines". The airline also offers in-flight internet access through satellite Wi-Fi.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: The business class cabin has eight Collins Diamond seats in a 2-2 configuration on the Airbus A321neo. The seats are wide and can be converted into a fully flat bed, featuring a IFE touchscreen. Wi-Fi internet access, meals, refreshments, and amenities including noise-cancelling headphones and blankets are provided complimentary to all business class passengers.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: For the A330-900 business cabin, the seats are configured in a 1-2-1 seating layout, which equipped with a 4K IFE touchscreen.


title: Starlux Airlines

text: The economy class cabin has 180 seats in a 3-3 configuration on the Airbus A321neo. The seats are wide, each with a IFE touchscreen and fitted with a leather headrest. Meals and some amenities such as pillows and headsets are provided complimentary, while Wi-Fi internet access only strong enough for in-flight messaging is freely available to all economy class passengers, with increased bandwidth and faster connection speeds available for an additional fee.


title: Julie Cobb

text: Cobb was born in Los Angeles, California, to a Jewish family. Her parents were actor Lee J. Cobb and actress Helen Beverley. She went to Beverly Hills High School and attended San Francisco State College for two years. Before she became an actress, she was a receptionist, taught English in Mexico City, and for a few months worked as a Playboy bunny.


title: Julie Cobb

text: Cobb's career, which lasted over forty years, mostly consisted of guest appearances on television shows. Her first credited role was in an episode of "" entitled "By Any Other Name", which was first broadcast on February 23, 1968. (She was the only female Redshirt to be killed in the original series.) She appeared on "Gunsmoke" (1974), Season 20, Ep 13, "The Colonel", as the painfully reunited daughter of a once proud military officer. The Colonel was portrayed by Julie Cobb's real life father, actor Lee J. Cobb. She appeared on "The Brady Bunch" (1971), Season 2, Ep 18, "Our Son The Man", as Greg Brady's high school interest. She also played the matriarch of the Pembroke family on the first season of the sitcom "Charles in Charge", and also appeared on the short-lived series "The D.A.".


title: Julie Cobb

text: Her film career has included roles in "The Second Coming of Suzanne" (1974), "Just You and Me, Kid" (1979), "The Runnin' Kind" (1989), "Lisa" (1990), "Defending Your Life" (1991) and "Dr. Jekyll and Ms. Hyde" (1995). She also appeared in the TV movie versions of "Salem's Lot" (1979) and "Brave New World" (1980). As a stage actress, she won the L.A. Drama Critics Award for her role in a stage production of Arthur Miller's play "After the Fall".


title: Michael Moritz

text: Sir Michael Jonathan Moritz (born 12 September 1954) is a Welsh billionaire venture capitalist, philanthropist, author, and former journalist. Moritz works for Sequoia Capital, wrote the first history of Apple Inc., "The Little Kingdom", and authored "Going for Broke: Lee Iacocca's Battle to Save Chrysler". Previously, Moritz was a staff writer at "Time" magazine and a member of the board of directors of Google. He studied at the University of Oxford and the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and went on to found Technologic Partners before becoming a venture capitalist in the 1980s. Moritz was named as the No. 1 venture capitalist on the "Forbes" Midas List in 2006 and 2007.


title: Michael Moritz

text: Michael Jonathan Moritz was born to a Jewish family in Cardiff, Wales, on 12 September 1954. His father, Ludwig Alfred Moritz (1921–2003), was a German Jew who fled Nazi Germany. A professor of Classics at Cardiff University, in the 1970s, he became its Vice Principal (Administration). His mother, Doris (née Rath; 1924-2019), also fled Nazi Germany. Moritz attended Howardian High School in Cardiff.


title: Michael Moritz

text: Moritz earned a bachelor's degree in history at Christ Church, Oxford, and in 1978, an MBA from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania as a Thouron scholar.


title: Michael Moritz

text: Moritz first worked for many years as a journalist. In the early 1980s, when he was a reporter for "Time", Steve Jobs contracted him to document the development of the Mac for a book he was writing about Apple. According to Andy Hertzfeld, in response to the fact that a history of another computer company had been published a year earlier, Jobs said: "Mike's going to be our historian." As he was close in age to many on the development team, he seemed to be a good choice.


title: Michael Moritz

text: By late 1982, Moritz was "Time"s San Francisco Bureau Chief and working on the special Time Person of the Year issue, which was initially supposed to be about Jobs. His research included a lengthy interview with Jobs' high school girlfriend, Chrisann Brennan, in which she discussed the history of their child, Lisa. Moritz's follow-up interview with Jobs on the subject led to denial of paternity on his part. The issue also contained negative commentary on Jobs from other Apple employees. The special issue was renamed "Machine of the Year" prior to publication, celebrated "The Computer" and declared that "it would have been possible to single out as Man of the Year one of the engineers or entrepreneurs who masterminded this technological revolution, but no one person has clearly dominated those turbulent events. More important, such a selection would obscure the main point. TIME's Man of the Year for 1982, the greatest influence for good or evil, is not a man at all. It is a machine: the computer." Jobs cut off all ties with Moritz after the issue was published and threatened to fire anyone who communicated with him. According to Hertzfeld, "some of us talked with Mike again surreptitiously, as he was putting the finishing touches on his book around the time of the Mac introduction" and the resulting text, "The Little Kingdom: the Private Story of Apple Computer", "remains one of the best books about Apple Computer ever written".


title: Michael Moritz

text: In 2009, 25 years after "The Little Kingdom", Moritz published a revised and expanded follow-up: "Return to the Little Kingdom: How Apple and Steve Jobs Changed the World". In the prologue to "Return to the Little Kingdom", Moritz states that he was as incensed as Jobs was about the "Time Magazine" special issue:


title: Michael Moritz

text: Steve rightly took umbrage over his portrayal and what he saw as a grotesque betrayal of confidences, while I was equally distraught by the way in which material I had arduously gathered for a book about Apple was siphoned, filtered, and poisoned with a gossipy benzene by an editor in New York whose regular task was to chronicle the wayward world of rock-and-roll music. Steve made no secret of his anger and left a torrent of messages on the answering machine I kept in my converted earthquake cottage at the foot of San Francisco’s Potrero Hill. He, understandably, banished me from Apple and forbade anyone in his orbit to talk to me. The experience made me decide that I would never again work anywhere I could not exert a large amount of control over my own destiny or where I would be paid by the word. I finished my leave [and] published my book, "The Little Kingdom: The Private Story of Apple Computer", which I felt, unlike the unfortunate magazine article, presented a balanced portrait of the young Steve Jobs.In 2015, Moritz collaborated with Alex Ferguson on his book, "Leading: Learning from Life and My Years at Manchester United", which draws on Ferguson’s experience as a football manager, and provides lessons on achieving business and life success.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In 1986, Moritz joined Sequoia Capital after co-authoring "Going for Broke: The Chrysler Story" with Barrett Seaman, "Time"s Detroit bureau chief. After leaving "Time", Moritz co-founded Technologic Partners, a technology newsletter and conference company.


title: Michael Moritz

text: His internet company investments include Google, Yahoo!, Skyscanner, PayPal, Webvan, YouTube, eToys, and Zappos. He currently sits on the boards of 24/7 Customer, Earth Networks, Gamefly, HealthCentral, Green Dot Corporation, Klarna, Kayak.com, LinkedIn, Stripe and PopSugar. Moritz previously served on the boards of A123 Systems, Aricent Group, Atom Entertainment, CenterRun, eGroups, Flextronics, Google, ITA Software, Luxim, PayPal, Plaxo, Pure Digital, Saba Software, Yahoo!, and Zappos. Google was one of several co-investments with John Doerr of rival venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and the initial public offering of the company in 2004 made Moritz one of Wales' richest men. His investment in Google helped him achieve the number-one listing in "Forbes" "Midas List" of the top dealmakers in the technology industry in 2006 and 2007, and a place on the 2007 "TIME 100". He ranked number two on the Midas List for 2008 and 2009.


title: Michael Moritz

text: "The San Francisco Standard" is a for-profit San Francisco-centric news web site, funded by Michael Moritz, with offices in the Mission District, using Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. Griffin Gaffney is the CEO of the "SF Standard" as well as co-founder of "Here/Say Media" and "TogetherSF", Moritz-funded 501(c)4 organizations.<ref name="vox.com/recode-crankstart"></ref> Griffin Gaffney is also a co-founder of "PossibleSF".


title: Michael Moritz

text: In July 2010, Moritz was awarded an honorary fellowship from Cardiff University, where his father Alfred had previously been Vice-Principal and Professor of Classics.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In November 2014, Moritz was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.


title: Michael Moritz

text: Moritz was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the 2013 Birthday Honours for services to promoting British economic interests and philanthropic work.


title: Michael Moritz

text: Moritz lives in San Francisco with his wife, American novelist Harriet Heyman, and their two children. He donated to the Lincoln Project, a Republican-led super PAC opposing the re-election of Donald Trump and Republican Senators who supported him.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In May 2012, Moritz announced that he had been diagnosed with a rare, incurable medical condition and would step back from his day-to-day responsibilities at Sequoia Capital while also being elevated to the position of chairman.


title: Michael Moritz

text: Moritz is a signatory of The Giving Pledge, committing himself to give away at least 50% of his wealth to charitable causes.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In June 2008, Moritz and his wife announced a donation of US$50 million to Christ Church, his Oxford college, the largest single donation in the college's history.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In July 2012, it was announced that Moritz had donated £75m to Oxford University to provide £11,000 scholarships to students from families with an annual income below £16,000. The donation is the largest financial donation to an undergraduate university in European history.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In September 2013 he and his wife gave $30 million to the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) to create the UCSF Discovery Fellows Program, the largest endowed programme for PhD students in the history of the University of California; UCSF will raise $30 million in matching funds.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In February 2016 he and his wife gave $50 million to the University of Chicago (UC), benefiting the Odyssey programme, which supports lower-income students with outstanding potential; UC will raise $50 million in matching funds.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In October 2016, "The Guardian" reported that Michael Moritz "donated $49,999 to a divisive ballot measure intended to clear San Francisco’s streets of homeless encampments, according to campaign filings". Moritz later wrote an Op-Ed for the "Wall Street Journal" opposing a homelessness funding measure.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In May 2018, Moritz donated $20 million to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), the largest donation the organization has received.


title: Michael Moritz

text: In 2019, it was announced that his and his wife's charity Crankstart would be sponsoring the Booker Prize for novelists for the next five years. The couple did not want the name of their charity to be attached to the prize, which subsequently reverted to its old name of the Booker Prize.


title: Mo Mowlam

text: Marjorie "Mo" Mowlam (18 September 1949 – 19 August 2005) was a British Labour Party politician. She was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Redcar from 1987 to 2001 and served in the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Minister for the Cabinet Office and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.


title: Mo Mowlam

text: Mowlam's time as Northern Ireland Secretary saw the signing of the historic Good Friday Peace Agreement in 1998. Her personal charisma and reputation for plain speaking led her to be perceived by many as one of the most popular "New Labour" politicians in the UK. When Tony Blair mentioned her in his speech at the 1998 Labour Party Conference, she received a standing ovation.


title: Mo Mowlam

text: Mowlam was born at 43 King Street, Watford, Hertfordshire, England, the middle of three children of Tina and Frank, but grew up in Coventry, where her father progressed to become Coventry's assistant postmaster. She would later be awarded the Freedom of the City in 1999. She was the only one of the family's three children to pass the 11-plus exam. She started at Chiswick Girls' grammar school in West London, then moved to Coundon Court School in Coventry, which, at the time, was one of the first comprehensive schools in the country. She then studied at Trevelyan College, Durham University, reading sociology and anthropology. She joined the Labour Party in her first year. She became the Secretary of the Durham Union Society in 1969 and later went on to become the vice-president of the Durham Student's Union. She worked for then-MP (Labour) Tony Benn in London and American writer Alvin Toffler in New York, moving to the United States with her then-boyfriend and studying for a PhD in political science at the University of Iowa on the effects of the Swiss system of referendums.


title: Mo Mowlam

text: Mowlam was a lecturer in the Political Science Department at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee in 1977 and at Florida State University in Tallahassee from 1977 to 1979. During her time in Tallahassee, her apartment was broken into by someone; she suspected that it was Ted Bundy, a serial killer and rapist who is thought to have murdered at least thirty-five young women and attacked several others.


title: Mo Mowlam

text: Mowlam returned to England in 1979 to take up an appointment at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. She also worked in adult education at Northern College, Barnsley, with students who had fewer opportunities than traditional university students. In 1981, she organised a series of alternative lectures to the Reith lectures being given that year by Laurence Martin, the university's vice chancellor. These were published as "Debate on Disarmament", with their proceeds going to the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.


title: Mo Mowlam

text: Mowlam married Jonathan Norton, a City of London banker, in County Durham on 24 June 1995; Norton died on 3 February 2009. Mowlam had two step-children from Norton's first marriage to Geraldine Bedell.


title: Mo Mowlam

text: Having failed to win selection for the 1983 general election, Mowlam was selected as Labour candidate for the safe seat of Redcar after James Tinn stood down. She took the seat in the 1987 general election, becoming the Labour spokesperson on Northern Ireland later that year. Together with Shadow Chancellor John Smith, Mowlam was one of the architects of Labour's "Prawn Cocktail Offensive" dedicated to reassuring the UK's financial sector about Labour's financial rectitude.