title: Third Eye Blind (album)

text: "Third Eye Blind" was a sleeper hit, entering the "Billboard" album charts at number 135 and then peaking at number 25 nearly a year after release. The album spent a total of 106 weeks on the chart, and was certified 6x platinum by the RIAA in August 2001. As of April 2017, "Third Eye Blind" has sold over 6 million units in the U.S., selling approximately 84,000 units in its best week. The album remains as Third Eye Blind's most successful release, accounting for the plurality of their career sales.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: "Please Mr. Postman" is a song written by Georgia Dobbins, William Garrett, Freddie Gorman, Brian Holland and Robert Bateman. It is the debut single by the Marvelettes for the Tamla (Motown) label, notable as the first Motown song to reach the number-one position on the "Billboard" Hot 100 pop singles chart. The single achieved this position in late 1961; it hit number one on the R&B chart as well. "Please Mr. Postman" became a number-one hit again in early 1975 when the Carpenters' cover of the song reached the top position of the "Billboard" Hot 100. "Please Mr. Postman" has been covered several times, including by the British rock group the Beatles in 1963. The 2017 song Feel It Still by Portugal. The Man interpolates "Please Mr. Postman".


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: In April 1961, the Marvelettes (then known as the Marvels) arranged an audition for Berry Gordy's Tamla label. Marvels original lead singer Georgia Dobbins needed an original song for their audition, and got a blues song from her friend William Garrett, which she then reworked for the group. Dobbins left the group after the audition and was replaced, Gordy renamed the group and hired "Brianbert" – Brian Holland and Robert Bateman's songwriting partnership – to rework the song yet again. Freddie Gorman, himself a Detroit postman and another songwriting partner of Holland (before Holland became part of the Holland–Dozier–Holland team) was also involved in the final reworking.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: Songwriting credits for "Please Mr. Postman" have been inconsistent. Journalist Ben Fong-Torres credits the song to Holland, Bateman, Gorman, Dobbins and Garrett. The original Tamla 45 single for the Marvelettes' version credits "Dobbins/Garett/Brianbert" as the songwriters, and credits "Brianbert" as producer. The original "With the Beatles" album cover credited it to just Brian Holland (the 1987 CD release credits it to "Dobbin-Garrett-Garman-Brianbert"). The 1976 Beatles discography book "All Together Now" credits the songwriting to Holland, Bateman, and Berry Gordy. The 1992 Motown boxed set "Hitsville USA: The Motown Singles Collection" credits Dobbins, Garrett, Holland, Bateman, and Gorman as the composers. The Songwriters Hall of Fame credits "Please Mr. Postman" to just Holland, Bateman, and Gorman. EMI Music Publishing, the current music publisher of the song, list all five writers in their catalog.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: Played in 4/4 time, the song features the common I–vi–IV–V chord progression. The melody is hexatonic, avoiding "blue" notes.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: The Marvelettes recording features lead singer Gladys Horton hoping that the postman has brought her a letter from her boyfriend. Holland and Bateman – dubbing themselves "Brianbert" – produced the session. The song's rhythm section is made up of piano, electric bass and drums. The commercial failure of Marvin Gaye's 1961 debut album, "The Soulful Moods of Marvin Gaye", led him to spend time as a studio musician for the remainder of the year. Among these efforts was "Please Mr. Postman", on which he plays the drums. Gaye's backbeat is busy throughout the song, playing his snare on the two and four beats while tapping the ride cymbal each half beat. He uses fills to transition the song through sections. The bass mostly alternates between root and fifth chords. An electric rhythm guitar is buried in the mix, only occasionally audible, while handclaps are prominent. Musicologist Walter Everett suggests that the appearance of reverb on the lead vocal at 2:10 is possibly the result of a vocal overdub being "punched into a mismatched circuit".


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: Motown's Tamla label released the song as a single in the US in August 1961, then on the album of the same name in November 1961. The single was a commercial success, becoming Motown's second ever million-selling record and its first number-one hit. The song was on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart for 23 weeks, and peaked at number 1 the week of December 11, 1961. Producer Berry Gordy credited Barney Ales' PR effort with the commercial success of the song. The song's hit status left many at Motown expecting the Marvelettes to be the label's biggest act, though they failed to ever match their first effort. Journalist Ben Fong-Torres describes the Marvelettes' next song, "Twistin' Postman", as a "calculated follow-up". The song's success led to an expansion in Motown's efforts, with songs like the Miracles "I'll Try Something New" and "You've Really Got a Hold on Me" following in 1962.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: The English rock band the Beatles displayed an early interest in the music of girl groups, covering songs by groups like the Shirelles, the Cookies and the Donays. They added "Please Mr. Postman" to their live repertoire in December 1961, their third Tamla song after the Miracles' "Who's Lovin' You" and Barrett Strong's "Money (That's What I Want)". Having not made it into the British top fifty, few in the UK knew the song, allowing them to make it their own among all Liverpool groups. John Lennon sang lead vocal, Paul McCartney and George Harrison providing backing vocals, while all three added handclaps at their head level. In 2004, Billy Hatton of the Four Jays recalled seeing one of the Beatles' first live performances of the song, saying it was "a "Wow moment". I was struck by how tight they were. As a semi-pro group, the Four Jays would take a month to start playing a new song really well." Without their knowing it at the time, the Beatles' 7 March 1962 performance of the song on BBC Radio's "Here We Go" was the first time any Tamla song was played over BBC radio. Beatles author Mark Lewisohn reflects: "Without even realising it (and they'd have been thrilled to know), the Beatles broke the Detroit 'Motown sound' to the British listening public."


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: In 1963, Beatles manager Brian Epstein approached Gordy for the rights to record several Motown songs, including "Please Mr. Postman", "You've Really Got a Hold on Me" and "Money (That's What I Want)". Rather than the industry standard of two cents, Epstein only offered one and a half cents per record sold. Gordy initially refused, only relenting two minutes before the offer was set to expire. On 30 July 1963, the band covered the song for their second UK album, "With the Beatles". Recorded in Studio Two of EMI Recording Studios, George Martin produced the session, supported by balance engineer Norman Smith. The band recorded three takes in a similar style to their BBC performance, but found the results unsatisfactory. They altered the arrangement to sound closer to the Marvelettes' version, recording four more takes with a stop-time intro, drum breaks and a coda, the final take seven deemed "best". Due to their different vocal range from the Marvelettes, the Beatles modulate their version into A major. Between recording two takes of overdubs, the band added handclaps while Lennon double tracked his original vocal, take nine marked "best". Martin and Smith mixed the song for mono and stereo on 21 August and 29 October, respectively.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: EMI's Parlophone label released "With the Beatles" in the UK on 22 November 1963, with "Please Mr. Postman" sequenced as the final track on the first side, coming after Till There Was You". In the US, Capitol released "The Beatles' Second Album" on 10 April 1964, with "Please Mr. Postman" sequenced as the ninth track, between "I Call Your Name" and "I'll Get You". Both releases credit the song only to Holland. Capitol also included the cover as the final track on the US-only four-song EP, "Four by the Beatles", released 11 May 1964.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: Writing about "The Beatles' Second Album", music critic Robert Christgau considers the covers of "Please Mr. Postman" and "Money (That's What I Want)" as two of the Beatles' best ever recordings, "both surpassing the superb Motown originals". Music critic Tim Riley calls the song's beat "tremendous", and that "like all great rock 'n' roll, it sounds perilously close to falling apart at any minute". He writes it is the "most reckless and completely irresistible playing" on the first side of "With the Beatles", and "the most flammable rock 'n' roll they've given us since "She Loves You". Musicologist Alan W. Pollack sees the opening shout of "Wait!" as anticipating as the opening shout of "Help!" in the Beatles' 1965 song of the same name. Writer Chris Ingham calls the song "a dense curtain of guitars and harmonies" supported by "a delicious, elastic groove". Writer Jonathan Gould writes that Lennon's strong vocal overpowers the weak lyric, while the band's backing "[explodes] off the record", ultimately "[epitomizing] all that is best about the Beatles' second album." He further writes that, among the covers on "With the Beatles", it is the only one that approaches the quality of "Twist and Shout" from "Please Please Me". Writer Ian MacDonald dismisses the cover as "[l]acking the loose-limbed playfulness of the original", with a "wall of sound that quickly weights on the ear".


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: A hit cover of "Please Mr. Postman" was recorded by the Carpenters, whose version took the song again to number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in early 1975. The Carpenters' version resembles an old 1950s rock & roll song. The single was released in late 1974, reached number one on both the "Billboard" Hot 100 and Easy Listening charts in January 1975, and was the duo's 10th and final million-selling single. The corresponding "Horizon" album was belatedly released in June 1975 and went Platinum.


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: The Carpenters' cover version was also sampled by rapper Juelz Santana for his single "Oh Yes". It is used by the "Rob, Arnie and Dawn Show" to introduce their Listener Mail segment, and was sung by the presenters of British Saturday morning show "SMTV Live" to introduce the mailbag section. Reaching number two in the UK Singles Chart in 1975, in a UK television special on ITV in 2016 it was voted number one in "The Nation's Favourite Carpenters Song".


title: Please Mr. Postman

text: A music video of the song, filmed in Disneyland, can be found on the DVD "" (released in 2002), originally packaged as "Yesterday Once More" (released on VHS and LaserDisc in 1985).


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In mathematics, economics, and computer science, the stable marriage problem (also stable matching problem or SMP) is the problem of finding a stable matching between two equally sized sets of elements given an ordering of preferences for each element. A matching is a bijection from the elements of one set to the elements of the other set. A matching is "not" stable if:


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In other words, a matching is stable when there does not exist any pair ("A", "B") which both prefer each other to their current partner under the matching.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The existence of two classes that need to be paired with each other (heterosexual men and women in this example) distinguishes this problem from the stable roommates problem.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: Algorithms for finding solutions to the stable marriage problem have applications in a variety of real-world situations, perhaps the best known of these being in the assignment of graduating medical students to their first hospital appointments. In 2012, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to Lloyd S. Shapley and Alvin E. Roth "for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design."


title: Stable marriage problem

text: An important and large-scale application of stable marriage is in assigning users to servers in a large distributed Internet service. Billions of users access web pages, videos, and other services on the Internet, requiring each user to be matched to one of (potentially) hundreds of thousands of servers around the world that offer that service. A user prefers servers that are proximal enough to provide a faster response time for the requested service, resulting in a (partial) preferential ordering of the servers for each user. Each server prefers to serve users that it can with a lower cost, resulting in a (partial) preferential ordering of users for each server. Content delivery networks that distribute much of the world's content and services solve this large and complex stable marriage problem between users and servers every tens of seconds to enable billions of users to be matched up with their respective servers that can provide the requested web pages, videos, or other services.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In general, there may be many different stable matchings. For example, suppose there are three men (A,B,C) and three women (X,Y,Z) which have preferences of:


title: Stable marriage problem

text: All three are stable, because instability requires both of the participants to be happier with an alternative match. Giving one group their first choices ensures that the matches are stable because they would be unhappy with any other proposed match. Giving everyone their second choice ensures that any other match would be disliked by one of the parties. In general, the family of solutions to any instance of the stable marriage problem can be given the structure of a finite distributive lattice,


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In a uniformly-random instance of the stable marriage problem with men and women, the average number of stable matchings is asymptotically formula_1.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In a stable marriage instance chosen to maximize the number of different stable matchings, this number is an exponential function of .


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In 1962, David Gale and Lloyd Shapley proved that, for any equal number of men and women, it is always possible to solve the SMP and make all marriages stable. They presented an algorithm to do so.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The Gale–Shapley algorithm (also known as the deferred acceptance algorithm) involves a number of "rounds" (or "iterations"):


title: Stable marriage problem

text: This algorithm is guaranteed to produce a stable marriage for all participants in time formula_2 where formula_3 is the number of men or women.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: Among all possible different stable matchings, it always yields the one that is best for all men among all stable matchings, and worst for all women.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: It is a truthful mechanism from the point of view of men (the proposing side), i.e., no man can get a better matching for himself by misrepresenting his preferences. Moreover, the GS algorithm is even "group-strategy proof" for men, i.e., no coalition of men can coordinate a misrepresentation of their preferences such that all men in the coalition are strictly better-off. However, it is possible for some coalition to misrepresent their preferences such that some men are better-off and the other men retain the same partner.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The GS algorithm is non-truthful for the women (the reviewing side): each woman may be able to misrepresent her preferences and get a better match.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The rural hospitals theorem concerns a more general variant of the stable matching problem, like that applying in the problem of matching doctors to positions at hospitals, differing in the following ways from the basic -to- form of the stable marriage problem:


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In this case, the condition of stability is that no unmatched pair prefer each other to their situation in the matching (whether that situation is another partner or being unmatched). With this condition, a stable matching will still exist, and can still be found by the Gale–Shapley algorithm.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: In stable matching with indifference, some men might be indifferent between two or more women and vice versa.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The stable roommates problem is similar to the stable marriage problem, but differs in that all participants belong to a single pool (instead of being divided into equal numbers of "men" and "women").


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The hospitals/residents problem – also known as the college admissions problem – differs from the stable marriage problem in that a hospital can take multiple residents, or a college can take an incoming class of more than one student. Algorithms to solve the hospitals/residents problem can be "hospital-oriented" (as the NRMP was before 1995) or "resident-oriented". This problem was solved, with an algorithm, in the same original paper by Gale and Shapley, in which the stable marriage problem was solved.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The hospitals/residents problem with couples allows the set of residents to include couples who must be assigned together, either to the same hospital or to a specific pair of hospitals chosen by the couple (e.g., a married couple want to ensure that they will stay together and not be stuck in programs that are far away from each other). The addition of couples to the hospitals/residents problem renders the problem NP-complete.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The assignment problem seeks to find a matching in a weighted bipartite graph that has maximum weight. Maximum weighted matchings do not have to be stable, but in some applications a maximum weighted matching is better than a stable one.


title: Stable marriage problem

text: The matching with contracts problem is a generalization of matching problem, in which participants can be matched with different terms of contracts. An important special case of contracts is matching with flexible wages.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark is a 1995 book by the astrophysicist Carl Sagan and co-authored by Ann Druyan, in which the authors aim to explain the scientific method to laypeople and to encourage people to learn critical and skeptical thinking. They explain methods to help distinguish between ideas that are considered valid science and those that can be considered pseudoscience. Sagan states that when new ideas are offered for consideration, they should be tested by means of skeptical thinking and should stand up to rigorous questioning.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan explains that science is not just a body of knowledge, but is a way of thinking. Sagan shows how scientific thinking is both imaginative and disciplined, bringing humans to an understanding of how the universe is, rather than how they wish to perceive it. He says that science works much better than any other system because it has a "built-in error-correcting machine". Superstition and pseudoscience get in the way of the ability of many laypersons to appreciate the beauty and benefits of science. Skeptical thinking allows people to construct, understand, reason, and recognize valid and invalid arguments. Wherever possible, there must be independent validation of the concepts whose truth should be proved. He states that reason and logic would succeed once the truth were known. Conclusions emerge from premises, and the acceptability of the premises should not be discounted or accepted because of bias.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: As an example of skeptical thinking, Sagan offers a story concerning a fire-breathing dragon who lives in his garage. When he persuades a rational, open-minded visitor to meet the dragon, the visitor remarks that they are unable to see the creature. Sagan replies that he "neglected to mention that she's an invisible dragon". The visitor suggests spreading flour on the floor so that the creature's footprints might be seen, which Sagan says is a good idea, "but this dragon floats in the air". When the visitor considers using an infrared camera to view the creature's invisible fire, Sagan explains that her fire is heatless. He continues to counter every proposed physical test with a reason why the test will not work.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan concludes by asking: "Now what's the difference between an invisible, incorporeal, floating dragon who spits heatless fire and no dragon at all? If there's no way to disprove my contention, no conceivable experiment that would count against it, what does it mean to say that my dragon exists? Your inability to invalidate my hypothesis is not at all the same thing as proving it true."


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Continuing with concepts relevant to the 'dragon in my garage' story, Sagan writes about a patient of John Mack who claimed to have scars on her body which were from encounters with aliens. Sagan writes that if the patient is asked what her scars look like, she is unable to show them because, unfortunately, they are located in the private areas of her body.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan presents a set of tools for skeptical thinking that he calls the "baloney detection kit". Skeptical thinking consists both of constructing a reasoned argument and recognizing a fallacious or fraudulent one. In order to identify a fallacious argument, Sagan suggests employing such tools as independent confirmation of facts, debate, development of different hypotheses, quantification, the use of Occam's razor, and the possibility of falsification. Sagan's "baloney detection kit" also provides tools for detecting "the most common fallacies of logic and rhetoric", such as argument from authority and statistics of small numbers. Through these tools, Sagan argues the benefits of a critical mind and the self-correcting nature of science can take place.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan suggests that with the use of this "baloney detection kit" it is easier to critically think and find the truth.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: There is a second part to the kit that Sagan gives us. This consists of twenty different logical fallacies that one must not commit when offering up a new claim.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan provides a skeptical analysis of several examples of what he refers to as superstition, fraud, and pseudoscience such as witches, UFOs, ESP, and faith healing. He is critical of organized religion.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: In a 2020 interview for "Skeptical Inquirer", when Sagan's wife Ann Druyan was asked about the origin of the phrase "baloney detection kit", she said that


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan indicates that science can be misused. Thus, he is highly critical of Edward Teller, the "father of the hydrogen bomb", and Teller's influence on politics, and contrasts his stance to that of Linus Pauling and other scientists who took moral positions.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan also discusses the misuse of science in representation. He relates to the depiction of the mad scientist character in children's TV shows and is critical of this occurrence. Sagan suggests an addition of scientific television programs, many of which would take a look at believed hoaxes of the past and encourage viewers to engage in critical thinking to better represent science on popular television.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan indicates that therapists can contribute to the growth of pseudoscience or the infusion of "false stories". He is critical of John Mack and his support of alien abduction cases, which were represented in his patients.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: Sagan writes about the story of Paul Ingram. Ingram's daughter reported that her father had sexually abused her. He was told that "sex offenders often repressed memories of their crimes." Ingram was eventually able to have a foggy visualization of the claimed events, and he suggested that perhaps "a demon might be responsible." Sagan describes how once Ingram started remembering events, so did several other individuals and family members. A "memory recovery" technique was performed on Ingram, and he confessed to the crimes. A medical examination was done on his daughter, where none of the scars she described were actually found. Sagan writes that Ingram later tried to plead innocence once "away from his daughters, his police colleagues, and his pastor."


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: The book was a "New York Times" bestseller. The contemporary skeptical movement considers it an important book. "The Demon-Haunted World" has been criticized (in "Smithsonian" magazine and "The New York Times") for not incorporating certain information relevant to the items he discusses in his book. The "Smithsonian" article by Paul Trachtman argues that Sagan relates issues of government choices and declining scientific thinking skills to pseudoscience topics like astrology and faith healing but ignores other issues that may be causing governmental bodies and other individuals to turn away from science. One such issue is consequences of pouring governmental money into cancer research. Trachtman writes, "it is not because of such beliefs that Congress now approaches the NIH budget with an ax. In fact, billions of dollars spent on years of research in the war on cancer have spawned growing professional bureaucracies and diminishing medical benefits." Trachtman argues that Sagan does not include problems like growing bureaucracies and diminishing medical benefits as reasons for a lack of scientific attention. In his review for the "New York Times," James Gorman also argues for an unaddressed issue in Sagan's book, saying Sagan fails to emphasize the idea that scientists should take a more active role in reaching science to the public, while he does mention the failures of the education system to do so.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: The review in the "Smithsonian" magazine and a review in the "New York Review of Books" provide a range of opinions on Sagan's attitude towards religious ideas. Per the "New York Review" article, "when it comes to the Supreme Extraterrestrial he is rather circumspect." A review from the University of Phoenix agrees that Sagan carefully approaches the concept of religion: "Readers should be aware that Sagan touches on sensitive areas in the cultural sphere, such as religion and where it stands in science, but handles the topics in such a way as to not offend." The "Smithsonian" article suggests Sagan was very clear about his religious beliefs in the book, for he "splits his universe in two, into science and irrationality." The "Smithsonian" goes on to say that Sagan's defined religious views fall within the area of an untestable claim, a type of claim he argues against in "The Demon-Haunted World".


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: The article in the "New York Review" also claims that Sagan includes something in "The Demon-Haunted World" which he also is arguing against in that same text. The article mentions how Sagan discusses a natural predisposition people have towards science; but, the article says, "He does not tell us how he used the scientific method to discover the "embedded" human proclivity for science." Sagan heavily discusses the importance of using the scientific method in his book, and this article claims he strays away from his own message by not including a description of his use of the scientific method on this topic.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: An article in the "Los Angeles Times" and the University of Phoenix review both describe Sagan's book positively. The "Los Angeles Times" describes Sagan's book as "a manifesto for clear thought", with the main issue being the length of eight chapters. This lengthy discussion is also addressed in the archived New York Times article, as well as the University of Phoenix review which relates to the book as having areas which repeat themselves. The latter article agrees with the use of "The Demon-Haunted World" as a text to provide tools for clearer thinking: "Sagan writes in an engaging style, using dry wit and humor, to get his point across regarding the need for everyone to practice aspects of scientific thinking in their daily lives." This article also discusses the ability of "The Demon-Haunted World" to help beginner researchers and students learn about the importance of critical thinking early on.


title: The Demon-Haunted World

text: "The Demon-Haunted World" has been defined in more current sources as still relevant. An article in "The Guardian", 2012, suggests the still current relevance of "The Demon-Haunted World". Another article from The Verge in 2017 also supports this relevance. The latter article mentions a disconnect between what is proven by science to be the best answer and what is chosen to be done by governmental bodies. Carl Sagan covers this concept as a prominent issue in his book (1995), and this article outlines it as a problem still occurring in 2017.


title: Kyle Hebert

text: Kyle Henry Hebert ( ) is an American voice actor and DJ who works for anime and video game series, such as the teenage/adult Gohan and the narrator in the Funimation dub of the "Dragon Ball series", Sōsuke Aizen in "Bleach", Ryu in the "Street Fighter" video game series, Kiba Inuzuka in "Naruto", Kamina in "Gurren Lagann", Ryuji Suguro in "Blue Exorcist", Noriaki Kakyoin in "", Dribble and Dr. Crygor in "WarioWare Gold", and Big the Cat in "Sonic the Hedgehog".


title: Kyle Hebert

text: Hebert got his start in voice-over during the mid-1990s as a disc jockey for Radio Disney, under the pseudonym Squeege. This lasted until September 2005, when he moved from Dallas to Los Angeles, to get bigger interests in the world of voice acting.


title: Kyle Hebert

text: He had cameo roles in various anime dubs such as "Case Closed", "Fruits Basket", and "One Piece" with recurring roles including "Fullmetal Alchemist", Kiba Inuzuka on "Naruto", Sōsuke Aizen and Ganju Shiba in "Bleach", Kamina in "Gurren Lagann", Gohan in the "Dragon Ball" series, Ryu in the "Street Fighter" series, and Big the Cat in the "Sonic the Hedgehog" series in 2010.


title: Kyle Hebert

text: In 2009 and 2011, he voiced "The Sniper" in the animated spoof of "Dirty Harry" films entitled Magnum Farce and is set to reprise the expanded role of Blivit, The Sniper and that of Governor Arnold Schwartzenherzen-Geldengrubber in the feature film currently in production.


title: Kyle Hebert

text: At Anime Expo 2009, Kyle won Best English Voice Actor in the SPJA Awards for his role as Kamina in "Gurren Lagann". He is also a podcaster, co-founding and hosting the weekly "BigBaldBroadcast" with his long-time friend, known only as "Otherworld" Steve.


title: Kyle Hebert

text: On July 10, 2015, Hebert proposed to Christina Louise, an author whom goes by the pen name Ryter Rong. They married on February 14, 2018.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: The pyramid of Menkaure is the smallest of the three main pyramids of the Giza pyramid complex, located on the Giza Plateau in the southwestern outskirts of Cairo, Egypt. It is thought to have been built to serve as the tomb of the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Menkaure.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: Menkaure's pyramid had an original height of , and was the smallest of the three major pyramids at the Giza Necropolis. It now stands at tall with a base of . Its angle of incline is approximately 51°20′25″. It was constructed of limestone and Aswan granite. The first sixteen courses of the exterior were made of the red granite. The upper portion was cased in the normal manner with Tura limestone. Part of the granite was left in the rough. Incomplete projects such as this pyramid help archaeologists understand the methods used to build pyramids and temples.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: The pyramid's date of construction is unknown, because Menkaure's reign has not been accurately defined, but it was probably completed in the 26th century BC. It is a few hundred meters southwest of its larger neighbors, the pyramid of Khafre and the Great Pyramid of Khufu in the Giza necropolis.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: Howard Vyse discovered on 28 July 1837, in the upper antechamber, the remains of a wooden anthropoid coffin inscribed with Menkaure's name and containing human bones. This is now considered to be a substitute coffin from the Saite period. Radiocarbon dating on the bones determined them to be less than 2,000 years old, suggesting either an all-too-common bungled handling of remains from another site or access to the pyramid during Roman times. The lid from the anthropoid coffin mentioned above was successfully transported to England and may be seen today at the British Museum.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: Deeper into the pyramid, Vyse came upon a basalt sarcophagus, described as beautiful black and rich in detail with a bold projecting cornice, which contained the bones of a young woman. Unfortunately, this sarcophagus now lies at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, having sunk on 13 October 1838, with the ship "Beatrice", as she made her way between Malta and Cartagena, on the way to Great Britain.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: In the mortuary temple the foundations and the inner core were made of limestone. The floors were begun with granite and granite facings were added to some of the walls. The foundations of the valley temple were made of stone but both temples were finished with crude bricks. Reisner estimated that some of the blocks of local stone in the walls of the mortuary temple weighed as much as 220 tons, while the heaviest granite ashlars imported from Aswan weighed more than 30 tons. It is assumed that Menkaure's successor Shepseskaf completed the temple construction. An inscription in the mortuary temple that said he "made it (the temple) as his monument for his father, the king of upper and lower Egypt."


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: Subsequent architectural additions and two stelae from the Sixth Dynasty suggest that a cult for the Pharaoh was maintained (or was periodically renewed) for two centuries after his death.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: The Menkaure Valley temple was excavated between 1908 and 1910 by American archaeologist George Andrew Reisner. He found a large number of statues mostly of Menkaure alone and as a member of a group. These were all carved in the naturalistic style of the Old Kingdom with a high degree of detail.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: South of the pyramid of Menkaure are three smaller pyramids, designated G3-a, G3-b, and G3-c, each accompanied by a temple and substructure. The easternmost is the largest and a true pyramid. Its casing is partly of granite, like the main pyramid, and is believed to have been completed due to the limestone pyramidion found close by. Neither of the other two progressed beyond the construction of the inner core.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: Reisner speculated that the structures were likely tombs for the queens of Menkaure, and that the individuals buried there may have also been his half-sisters. The archaeologist Mark Lehner argues that pyramid G3-a has a layout akin to a "ka" pyramid, which would have housed a statue of the king rather than a body. The fact that the structure once contained a pink granite sarcophagus, however, has led scholars to speculate that it may have been reused as a queen's burial tomb, or that it served as a chapel where the body of Menkaure was mummified.


title: Pyramid of Menkaure

text: In AD 1196, Al-Aziz Uthman, Saladin's son and the Sultan of Egypt, attempted to demolish the pyramids, starting with that of Menkaure. Workmen recruited to demolish the pyramid stayed at their job for eight months, but found it almost as expensive to destroy as to build. They could only remove one or two stones each day. Some used wedges and levers to move the stones, while others used ropes to pull them down. When a stone fell, it would bury itself in the sand, requiring extraordinary efforts to free it. Wedges were used to split the stones into several pieces, and a cart was used to carry it to the foot of the escarpment, where it was left. Despite their efforts, workmen were only able to damage the pyramid to the extent of leaving a large vertical gash at its northern face.


title: ISM radio band

text: The ISM radio bands are portions of the radio spectrum reserved internationally for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) purposes, excluding applications in telecommunications.


title: ISM radio band

text: Examples of applications for the use of radio frequency (RF) energy in these bands include radio-frequency process heating, microwave ovens, and medical diathermy machines. The powerful emissions of these devices can create electromagnetic interference and disrupt radio communication using the same frequency, so these devices are limited to certain bands of frequencies. In general, communications equipment operating in ISM bands must tolerate any interference generated by ISM applications, and users have no regulatory protection from ISM device operation in these bands.


title: ISM radio band

text: Despite the intent of the original allocations, in recent years the fastest-growing use of these bands has been for short-range, low power wireless communications systems, since these bands are often approved for such devices, which can be used without a government license, as would otherwise be required for transmitters; ISM frequencies are often chosen for this purpose as they already must tolerate interference issues. Cordless phones, Bluetooth devices, near-field communication (NFC) devices, garage door openers, baby monitors and wireless computer networks (Wi-Fi) may all use the ISM frequencies, although these low power transmitters are not considered to be ISM devices.


title: ISM radio band

text: The ISM bands are defined by the ITU Radio Regulations (article 5) in footnotes 5.138, 5.150, and 5.280 of the Radio Regulations. Individual countries' use of the bands designated in these sections may differ due to variations in national radio regulations. Because communication devices using the ISM bands must tolerate any interference from ISM equipment, unlicensed operations are typically permitted to use these bands, since unlicensed operation typically needs to be tolerant of interference from other devices anyway. The ISM bands share allocations with unlicensed and licensed operations; however, due to the high likelihood of harmful interference, licensed use of the bands is typically low. In the United States, uses of the ISM bands are governed by Part 18 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules, while Part 15 contains the rules for unlicensed communication devices, even those that share ISM frequencies. In Europe, the ETSI is responsible for regulating the use of Short Range Devices, some of which operate in ISM bands.


title: ISM radio band

text: The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to "Article 5" of the ITU Radio Regulations (edition 2012).


title: ISM radio band

text: In order to improve harmonisation in spectrum utilisation, the majority of service-allocations stipulated in this document were incorporated in national Tables of Frequency Allocations and Utilisations which is within the responsibility of the appropriate national administration. The allocation might be primary, secondary, exclusive, and shared.


title: ISM radio band

text: Type A (footnote 5.138) = frequency bands are designated for "ISM applications". The use of these frequency bands for ISM applications shall be subject to special authorization by the administration concerned, in agreement with other administrations whose radiocommunication services might be affected. In applying this provision, administrations shall have due regard to the latest relevant ITU-R Recommendations.


title: ISM radio band

text: Type B (footnote 5.150) = frequency bands are also designated for ISM applications. Radiocommunication services operating within these bands must accept harmful interference which may be caused by these applications.


title: ISM radio band

text: Type C = As B though not yet adopted globally (as of 2022) and mostly this is only the lowest band. The USA being the exception in adopting the entire band. The lower band was made available for use in The EU (Bandwidth reduced to 480MHz) and in The UK. The US adopted the entire 6 GHz band as the FCC Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) bands 5 to 8.


title: ISM radio band

text: ITU RR, (Footnote 5.280) = In Germany, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia and Switzerland, the band 433.05-434.79 MHz (center frequency 433.92 MHz) is designated for "ISM applications". Radio communication services of these countries operating within this band must accept harmful interference which may be caused by these applications.


title: ISM radio band

text: Footnote AU = Australia is part of ITU Region 3. The band 433.05 to 434.79 MHz is not a designated ISM band in Australia, however the operation of low powered devices in the radio frequency band 433.05 to 434.79 MHz is supported through Radio communications class licence for low interference potential devices (LIPDs).


title: ISM radio band

text: The ISM bands were first established at the International Telecommunications Conference of the ITU in Atlantic City, 1947. The American delegation specifically proposed several bands, including the now commonplace 2.4 GHz band, to accommodate the then nascent process of microwave heating; however, FCC annual reports of that time suggest that much preparation was done ahead of these presentations.


title: ISM radio band

text: The report of the August 9th 1947 meeting of the Allocation of Frequencies committee includes the remark:


title: ISM radio band

text: "The delegate of the United States, referring to his request that the frequency 2450 Mc/s be allocated for I.S.M., indicated that there was in existence in the United States, and working on this frequency a diathermy machine and an electronic cooker, and that the latter might eventually be installed in transatlantic ships and airplanes. There was therefore some point in attempting to reach world agreement on this subject."


title: ISM radio band

text: Radio frequencies in the ISM bands have been used for communication purposes, although such devices may experience interference from non-communication sources. In the United States, as early as 1958 Class D Citizens Band, a Part 95 service, was allocated to frequencies that are also allocated to ISM. [1]


title: ISM radio band

text: In the U.S., the FCC first made unlicensed spread spectrum available in the ISM bands in rules adopted on May 9, 1985.


title: ISM radio band

text: Many other countries later developed similar regulations, enabling use of this technology. The FCC action was proposed by Michael Marcus of the FCC staff in 1980 and the subsequent regulatory action took five more years. It was part of a broader proposal to allow civil use of spread spectrum technology and was opposed at the time by mainstream equipment manufacturers and many radio system operators.


title: ISM radio band

text: Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) applications (of radio frequency energy) (short: ISM applications) are – according to "article 1.15" of the International Telecommunication Union´s (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as «"Operation of equipment or appliances designed to generate and use locally radio frequency energy for industrial, scientific, medical, domestic or similar purposes, excluding applications in the field of telecommunications".»


title: ISM radio band

text: The original ISM specifications envisioned that the bands would be used primarily for noncommunication purposes, such as heating. The bands are still widely used for these purposes. For many people, the most commonly encountered ISM device is the home microwave oven operating at 2.45 GHz which uses microwaves to cook food. Industrial heating is another big application area; such as induction heating, microwave heat treating, plastic softening, and plastic welding processes. In medical settings, shortwave and microwave diathermy machines use radio waves in the ISM bands to apply deep heating to the body for relaxation and healing. More recently hyperthermia therapy uses microwaves to heat tissue to kill cancer cells.


title: ISM radio band

text: However, as detailed below, the increasing congestion of the radio spectrum, the increasing sophistication of microelectronics, and the attraction of unlicensed use, has in recent decades led to an explosion of uses of these bands for short range communication systems for wireless devices, which are now by far the largest uses of these bands. These are sometimes called "non ISM" uses since they do not fall under the originally envisioned "industrial", "scientific", and "medical" application areas. One of the largest applications has been wireless networking (Wi-Fi). The IEEE 802.11 wireless networking protocols, the standards on which almost all wireless systems are based, use the ISM bands. Virtually all laptops, tablet computers, computer printers and cellphones now have 802.11 wireless modems using the 2.4 and 5.7 GHz ISM bands. Bluetooth is another networking technology using the 2.4 GHz band, which can be problematic given the probability of interference. Near-field communication (NFC) devices such as proximity cards and contactless smart cards use the lower frequency 13 and 27 MHz ISM bands. Other short range devices using the ISM bands are: wireless microphones, baby monitors, garage door openers, wireless doorbells, keyless entry systems for vehicles, radio control channels for UAVs (drones), wireless surveillance systems, RFID systems for merchandise, and wild animal tracking systems.


title: ISM radio band

text: Some electrodeless lamp designs are ISM devices, which use RF emissions to excite fluorescent tubes. Sulfur lamps are commercially available plasma lamps, which use a 2.45 GHz magnetron to heat sulfur into a brightly glowing plasma.


title: ISM radio band

text: Long-distance wireless power systems have been proposed and experimented with which would use high-power transmitters and rectennas, in lieu of overhead transmission lines and underground cables, to send power to remote locations. NASA has studied using microwave power transmission on 2.45 GHz to send energy collected by solar power satellites back to the ground.


title: ISM radio band

text: Also in space applications, a Helicon Double Layer ion thruster is a prototype spacecraft propulsion engine which uses a 13.56 MHz transmission to break down and heat gas into plasma.


title: ISM radio band

text: In recent years ISM bands have also been shared with (non-ISM) license-free error-tolerant communications applications such as wireless sensor networks in the 915 MHz and 2.450 GHz bands, as well as wireless LANs and cordless phones in the 915 MHz, 2.450 GHz, and 5.800 GHz bands. Because unlicensed devices are required to be tolerant of ISM emissions in these bands, unlicensed low power users are generally able to operate in these bands without causing problems for ISM users. ISM equipment does not necessarily include a radio receiver in the ISM band (e.g. a microwave oven does not have a receiver).


title: ISM radio band

text: In the United States, according to 47 CFR Part 15.5, low power communication devices must accept interference from licensed users of that frequency band, and the Part 15 device must not cause interference to licensed users. Note that the 915 MHz band should not be used in countries outside Region 2, except those that specifically allow it, such as Australia and Israel, especially those that use the GSM-900 band for cellphones. The ISM bands are also widely used for Radio-frequency identification (RFID) applications with the most commonly used band being the 13.56 MHz band used by systems compliant with ISO/IEC 14443 including those used by biometric passports and contactless smart cards.


title: ISM radio band

text: In Europe, the use of the ISM band is covered by Short Range Device regulations issued by European Commission, based on technical recommendations by CEPT and standards by ETSI. In most of Europe, LPD433 band is allowed for license-free voice communication in addition to PMR446.


title: ISM radio band

text: IEEE 802.15.4, ZigBee and other personal area networks may use the and ISM bands because of frequency sharing between different allocations.


title: ISM radio band

text: Wireless LANs and cordless phones can also use bands other than those shared with ISM, but such uses require approval on a country by country basis. DECT phones use allocated spectrum outside the ISM bands that differs in Europe and North America. Ultra-wideband LANs require more spectrum than the ISM bands can provide, so the relevant standards such as IEEE 802.15.4a are designed to make use of spectrum outside the ISM bands. Despite the fact that these additional bands are outside the official ITU-R ISM bands, because they are used for the same types of low power personal communications, they are sometimes incorrectly referred to as ISM bands as well.


title: ISM radio band

text: Several brands of radio control equipment use the band range for low power remote control of toys, from gas powered cars to miniature aircraft.


title: ISM radio band

text: Google's Project Loon used ISM bands (specifically 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands) for balloon-to-balloon and balloon-to-ground communications.


title: ISM radio band

text: Pursuant to 47 CFR Part 97 some ISM bands are used by licensed amateur radio operators for communication - including amateur television.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications Limited (previously known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited) is an Indian telecommunications company. It was previously a government- owned-telecommunications service provider and under the ownership of Department of Telecommunications, Ministry of Communications, and the Government of India. It was then sold to Tata Group when the Atal Bihari Vajpayee-Bharatiya Janta Party-National Democratic Alliance was in power; presently the company is part of the Tata Group.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata's communications network spans more than of subsea fibre and more than of terrestrial fibre. The company has invested $1.19 billion in its global subsea fibre network. It provides network services and software-defined network platforms, such as Ethernet, SD-WAN, content delivery networks (CDNs), the internet, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), and private lines. It has more than 400 points of presence (PoPs) with a data centre, Cloud (Private Cloud and Puiblic Cloud Management) and co-location in 44 sites.


title: Tata Communications

text: It is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India. It also holds a stake on its Sri Lankan subsidiaries, Tata Communications Lanka.


title: Tata Communications

text: The business was founded as Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) in 1986. Under the chairmanship of B. K. Syngal (1991-1998), VSNL launched the first publicly-available Internet plans in India in 1995. After the Government of India launched Disinvestment of Public Sector Units in India, The international arm of VSNL (VSNL International) was launched in 2004. VSNL was completely acquired by the Tata Group and renamed as Tata Communications on 13 February 2008.


title: Tata Communications

text: In 2012, the company completed its network across Egypt linking Europe to India, and created a subsea fibre network that circumnavigates the world. The Eurasian section of the Tata Global Network runs across the Mediterranean Sea and the Middle East, connecting Mumbai with Marseilles.


title: Tata Communications

text: In January 2016, Windstream Communications announced it was extending its 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100G) network from New Jersey data center operator NJFX's presence at Tata's Cable Landing Station (CLS) in Wall Township, New Jersey, to Ashburn, Virginia's internet hub.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications offers Ethernet services that can connect its customers in global offices at speeds of up to 10 Gbit/s in point-to-point or multipoint configurations.


title: Tata Communications

text: Its Global Network provides flexible bandwidth options from 2 MB up to 10,000 MB using Fast-E, Gig-E, and 10 Gig-E. Its ethernet services include: global dedicated ethernet, external ethernet network-to-network interface, low latency ethernet and ethernet over MPLS.


title: Tata Communications

text: Ethernet over MPLS is a high-performance, global MPLS backbone that streams audio video, live broadcasts, and IP services with the scalability and security of a private network.


title: Tata Communications

text: Its Ethernet services are certified by the MEF—a worldwide non-profit organization dedicated to improving carrier-class Ethernet products and services.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications International Private Line offers customers a variety of routing, uptime, and service options for global communications. It delivers voice, video and data connectivity. It is built on its subsea cable network, including a fibre-optic ring, and more than 20 consortium cables covering over 200 countries and territories.


title: Tata Communications

text: In February 2011, as part of a strategy to enhance its global content delivery network (CDN), Tata Communications acquired BitGravity, a US-based CDN provider. This acquisition enabled it to offer its customers a cloud-based service for content delivery, including the delivery of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, videos and live streaming HD. This service was then integrated with other support services, like security, satellite teleports, fibre-based video network and transcoding.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications has a data centre network located in 44 locations worldwide. Tata Communications data centres meet international standards for redundancy, and are integrated directly with its global IP network. Its collocation services provide regulated power, cooling and physical security for the server, storage and networking equipment. In May 2016, in order to redeploy capital in other areas of its business, Tata Communications sold a 74% stake in its data centre business to Singapore Technologies Telemedia. Tata communications has more than 10,000 racks and of Data center space.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications delivers a portfolio of Unified Communication and Collaboration (UCC) solutions worldwide. These services include: Global SIP Connect, Unified Conferencing, Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS) and Hosted contact centre.


title: Tata Communications

text: On 18 January 2016, Tata Communications launched a white-label Unified Communications solution called Global SIP Connect. This solution was designed to address the voice requirements of its enterprise customers, while simultaneously expanding its Unified Communications portfolio. The SIP Trunking solution enables its service provider customers to consolidate and manage voice services, while providing all global on-net and off-net voice services to link their businesses globally.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS) integrates and works with other service provider solutions including Microsoft and Cisco. Its global UC services on the Microsoft Skype for Business platform provide a solution including conferencing, online meetings, instant messaging, voice and video.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications InstaCC was launched at Enterprise Connect 2015 in Orlando on 16 March 2015. This initial offering has been supplemented with Amazon Connect and Cisco Webex Contact Centre. Hosted contact centre solutions include support for outbound and omni-channel communications, enabling enterprise customers to quickly establish contact centres and call centres.


title: Tata Communications

text: In October 2014, Tata Communications launched its IZO platform, “a global platform for enhanced hybrid multi cloud enablement”. Tata Communications IZO Cloud Platform brings together 20+ cloud providers, three large hyperscale cloud platforms and 43+ data centres, that its customers can interconnect with.


title: Tata Communications

text: Under the IZO Cloud and Managed Hosting Services portfolio, Tata Communications provides various cloud and hosting solutions like Private Cloud (IZO Private Cloud), Container Services (IZO Cloud Containers), Managed Kubernetes, Cloud Storage (IZO Cloud Storage), Big Data/Analytics Platform (IZO Cloud Analytics Platform) and Public Cloud Assessment, Migration and Management under the IZO Managed Cloud for AWS, AZURE, GCP. Tata Communications also offers SAP HANA Hosting on Any cloud platforms(Private or Public), VDI solutions on Any Cloud, Govt. Community Cloud (GCC) and in July 2021, the organisation launched its latest product IZO Financial Cloud - a purpose built community Cloud platform for Financial Industry, apart from this, the organisation offers Managed Hosting Services etc. Tata Communications also offers Colocation services in the international market.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications IZO Internet WAN is a global-internet-based WAN service. This service can be integrated with Tata Communications Global VPN solution to build a global hybrid network. IZO Internet WAN reaches 42 countries, 700+ cities, over 1 million buildings and covers 85% of the world's GDP.


title: Tata Communications

text: IZO Private Connect links businesses to leading cloud service providers including Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Google, Office 365 and Salesforce.com. Its customers can connect using MPLS or Ethernet and gain access to Ethernet connectivity to Tata Communications’ data centres and across 85 third party data centres globally. In addition to global connections, IZO Private Connect is available in 6 data centres in India. IZO Private Connect is now expanding to include internet direct connectivity in addition to MPLS and Ethernet. Connection speeds are available from 2 MB to 10 GB.


title: Tata Communications

text: IZO Public Connect is a cloud enablement service that provides a route for Tata Communications’ enterprise customers by tagging their data packets for pre-determined delivery over the public internet.


title: Tata Communications

text: In November 2016, Tata Communications launched its new addition to the IZO platform, IZO SDWAN. The solution, delivered as a managed service, combines IZO WAN with software-defined and virtualised network technologies in 130+ countries. IZO SDWAN cloud service gateways are built next to cloud service providers in 20 locations across the globe.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications provides a range of services and solutions for enterprises in all segments of media and entertainment, including gaming, hospitality, sports, leisure, education, news, music, cable and broadcasting.


title: Tata Communications

text: In April 2015, Tata Communications launched its "Media Ecosystem". The ecosystem combines traditional video contribution services with IP-connectivity. Services include: asset management, workflow management, channel origination, internet contribution feeds, OTT platform and transcoding as a service.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications offers a complete array of managed security services, that provides enterprise customers with 24x7x365 protection from attacks. Its managed security offering includes firewalls, threat management, intrusion detection and prevention, DDoS detection and mitigation, email security, vulnerability testing and management.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications offers a fraud prevention toolkit to identify and proactively prevent fraudulent call activity. The toolkit uses technologies including big data, analytics, machine learning, crowd sourcing, real-time monitoring, subscriber alerts and automated reporting.


title: Tata Communications

text: The toolkit monitors 30 million calls per day for fraud, and blocks over 400,000 fraudulent calls every day. When the fraud fighting toolkit identifies a fraudulent call, Tata Communications blocks the number across its entire network.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications combined its Diameter Signalling exchange (DSX) platform with its IPX Connect service to offer its customers 3G/4G roaming. It provides a solution for LTE roaming migration, supporting 2G, 3G and 4G roaming within one framework. This framework addresses signalling, routing, inter-working, transport, clearing, settlement, business intelligence, security and service assurance.


title: Tata Communications

text: With an on-net signalling network, directly connecting 300 mobile network operators and with reach to 800+ mobile network operators, Tata Communication's interconnects mobile ecosystem organisations for messaging and roaming.


title: Tata Communications

text: Its signalling services can be delivered over a number of network options including TDM, IP, Global VPN and IPX Connect (SCCP over IPX). Also supported is signalling evolution from SCCP to Diameter, supporting IMS and LTE roaming capabilities.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications mobile messaging platform provides an A2P SMS hub environment. The Mobile Messaging Exchange provides a connection between mobile messaging originators and mobile network operators. Tata Communications partners with Anam for SMS firewall services, designed to provide reliable and secure SMS delivery for Tata Communications' customers.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications MOVE is an IoT Connectivity Management Platform, providing global mobile connectivity for a range of connected devices, from cars to consumer electronics. The platform leverages Tata Communications’ global mobile network operator relationships to offer a technology neutral approach that supports cellular connected device connections around the world. Tata Communications also manages an LP-WAN network in India, using LoRa technology to support an array of smart city, smart manufacturing, Smart Grid, Smart Meter and transportation applications.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications offers international wholesale voice transit and termination services with the support of its global network.. It provides full support for HD Voice, complies with GSMA's IPX specifications for direct transit and is future proof for operators migrating to Voice over LTE.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications provides its customers with a full suite of Voice Access Services, that cover 105 countries. Customers can receive toll-free calls from both fixed and mobile phones in more than 90 countries with ITFS. They can provide a single number that is accessible from more than 45 countries worldwide, with UIFN. It also enables customers to purchase local number ranges, through its Bulk Local Number Service offering.


title: Tata Communications

text: In June 2016, Tata Communications launched its Wi-Fi+, a cloud communications solutions for its mobile network operator customers. Operators are able to provide their customers with unlimited calling, messaging and data over high-quality, secure Wi-Fi. It harnesses Tata Communications’ Cloud RTC expertise and iPass's more than 21 million Wi-Fi hotspots in more than 100 countries.


title: Tata Communications

text: In January 2017, Tata Communications announced its partnership with Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) to provide 44 million Wi-Fi hotspots in more than 100 countries, including rail systems and international flights. In October 2021 Tata Communications announced the availability support for WiFi6, in collaboration with its partner Cisco.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications Transformation Services (TCTS), a 100% subsidiary of Tata Communications Ltd, provides business transformation, managed network operations, network outsourcing, and consultancy services to telecommunication companies around the world.


title: Tata Communications

text: Tata Communications Payment Solutions Limited (TCPSL) formerly known as Tata Communications Banking InfraSolutions, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Communications. TCPSL is one of the fastest growing Payment Solutions specialists in India offering end-to-end B2B and B2C solutions. Being a 100% Banking and Financial Services focused organisation, TCPSL offers one stop payment solutions to all categories of banks including PSU, Private, MNC and Co-operative banks. TCPSL's White Label ATM offering under the brand name Indicash marks its foray in the B2C space. With this it is the first White Label ATM service provider in the country. Under this service offering, TCPSL offers ATM services across the country through Indicash ATM network with special focus on semi urban and rural areas.


title: Tata Communications

text: In September 2019, PGA European Tour and Tata Communications launched the Innovation Hub. This contest that offers the opportunity for start-ups worldwide to convert concepts into reality.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: "The Spoils of War" is the fourth episode of the seventh season of HBO's fantasy television series "Game of Thrones", and the 64th overall. It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Matt Shakman.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: At Dragonstone, Daenerys Targaryen and Jon Snow observe cave drawings left by the Children of the Forest, indicating that the First Men and the Children fought together against the White Walkers. In King's Landing, Cersei Lannister seeks further investment from the Iron Bank, after reassuring them that their debt will soon be paid. In the North, Arya Stark returns to Winterfell, reunites with her siblings, Sansa and Bran Stark, and spars with Brienne of Tarth. On the road to King's Landing, Jaime Lannister, Bronn, and the Lannister and Tarly armies are caught in an attack led by Daenerys, her dragon Drogon, and the Dothraki army.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: The title of the episode refers to the Tyrell gold and other resources in possession of the Lannisters after taking Highgarden. "The Spoils of War" received universal praise from critics with many hailing it as one of the best episodes of the series with one critic defining it as a "masterpiece", who listed the concluding battle sequence between Daenerys and Jaime, Arya's return to Winterfell and interaction with Brienne, and Daenerys and Jon's conversation at Dragonstone as highlights of the episode. It received a nomination at the 70th Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Editing, and was also Nikolaj Coster-Waldau's pick to support his nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor, his first ever for this series.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: The episode set an industry record for the most stuntmen set on fire, with 73 "fire burns", in addition to 20 people being set on fire for a single shot. In the United States, the episode achieved a viewership of 10.17 million in its initial broadcast, the 3rd highest in the series. "The Spoils of War" also received multiple awards and nominations, including "Best TV Episode" and "2017 People's Choice Award" from "IGN".


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Littlefinger tries to get Bran to tell him of his experiences after fleeing Winterfell, and is disconcerted when Bran repeats Littlefinger's earlier remark to Varys that "chaos is a ladder." Meera visits Bran to say farewell. Bran is indifferent to her departure, and Meera remarks that Bran died in the Three-Eyed Raven's cave.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Arya arrives at Winterfell and Sansa takes her to see Bran in the godswood. Arya is taken aback to find that Bran saw her coming to Winterfell and knows of her kill list, and Bran gives her the Valyrian steel dagger. Podrick reassures Brienne that she has fulfilled her oath to Catelyn; Brienne insists she did almost nothing. Brienne and Podrick spar and Arya asks to train with Brienne. They fight to a draw as Sansa and Littlefinger watch.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Jon shows Daenerys cave drawings depicting the Children and the First Men fighting together against the White Walkers. Daenerys vows to fight for the North, but only if Jon bends the knee. Jon remains resistant.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Tyrion and Varys report the pyrrhic victory at Casterly Rock and the loss of Highgarden; Daenerys questions Tyrion's loyalties. Considering striking King's Landing with her dragons, she asks Jon for advice. He notes that her followers believe she can change the world, but if she destroys a city, she will be just another tyrant.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: The Ironborn survivors return to Dragonstone. Jon confronts Theon, declaring that his role in saving Sansa from Ramsay is the only reason he will not kill him for betraying Robb. Theon reveals that he has come for Daenerys' help in rescuing Yara, but Jon and Davos inform him that Daenerys has gone.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: The Lannister caravan approaches King's Landing after the Tyrell gold has been brought inside the city. Jaime gives Bronn a large satchel of gold, but Bronn still wants the castle he was promised. The Dothraki attack, led by Daenerys riding Drogon. Daenerys has Drogon destroy the supply train Jaime was transporting from Highgarden. Bronn wounds Drogon with Qyburn's scorpion weapon. As Daenerys dismounts to tend Drogon's wound, Tyrion is shocked to see Jaime charge at her. Drogon breathes fire at Jaime, but Bronn tackles him out of the flame's path and into the Blackwater Rush, where Jaime begins to sink under the weight of his armour.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: "The Spoils of War" was written by the series' creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss. The episode is the series' shortest episode to date. In the "Inside the Episode" featurette published by HBO following the airing of the episode, David Benioff spoke about the inspiration for the return of Arya Stark to Winterfell, saying it was inspired by Odysseus's return, who is also unrecognizable after making his journey. Benioff also stated that the important part of her return to Winterfell is her relationship with Sansa Stark, with Weiss following up by stating that the intention of the scene in the crypts where they are reunited was to "lay down the beginnings of the storyline where Sansa realizes what Arya is now."


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Speaking about the revelation of the cave drawings with the Children of the Forest and the First Men, Benioff stated that the inspiration for the drawings were the cave paintings created by prehistoric men that were found in France, and that the scene was meant to be evocative in noting the thousands of years that have passed since the drawings were created.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: In writing the battle between the Lannister army, and Daenerys' Dothraki and Drogon, Weiss stated that one of the most exciting elements of the fight involved the fact that two main characters were on opposite sides of the battlefield, and that it is "impossible to really want any one of them to win, and impossible to want any one of them to lose," according to Weiss. He also compared the introduction of a dragon in medieval warfare to using an F-16 fighter aircraft in a medieval battle. According to Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, in an interview with "Entertainment Weekly" following the airing of the episode, the script stated that "One of our main characters is about to die." Coster-Waldau also stated about his character, "Jaime is such an idiot that he thinks for a second, 'If I can do this, I can win the whole thing in a 'Hail Mary.'"


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: In addition to the regular recurring guest cast, Major League Baseball player Noah Syndergaard, then a pitcher for the New York Mets, made a brief uncredited cameo appearance as a spear-throwing Lannister soldier during the battle between Lannister and Tarly forces and Daenerys Targaryen and the Dothraki. In an interview prior to the season conducted by "Sports Illustrated", Syndergaard spoke about his appearance in the series by saying "It's a dream come true. I think it’s the greatest TV show of all time, so just to be able to say I was in "Game of Thrones" is an unbelievable feeling."


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: "The Spoils of War" was directed by Matt Shakman. This was Shakman's first episode of "Game of Thrones", but he had previously served as a director for several other television series, including "Fargo", "The Good Wife", "Mad Men" and "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia", among others. The battle sequence at the conclusion of the episode, which was nicknamed "The Loot Train Attack" by HBO, set an industry record for the most stuntmen set on fire, with real fire being used, rather than special effects, to simulate the dragon fire being emitted by Drogon. There were 73 "fire burns," in addition to 20 people being set on fire for a single shot. Filming of the attack sequence took approximately 18 main-unit days, five second-unit days, and several weeks for the effects-unit. In an interview with "The Hollywood Reporter", Shakman spoke about the first time he read the script of the battle, saying "I was reading the script and this battle began and I kept turning pages and the battle kept going on page after page after page! The excitement, the stress and the fear all built at the same time, mirroring probably what was happening on screen. It was a huge opportunity and a challenge. I spent the better part of six months working on that one sequence." The "Loot Train Attack" was filmed in Los Barruecos, Province of Cáceres, Spain, and Emilia Clarke, who portrays Daenerys Targaryen, was filmed riding a motion base on a stage in Belfast in front of several green screens.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Shakman's first step in directing the battle was choosing to focus on a specific perspective, with Shakman choosing Jaime as the main point of view, noting "To see it from a traditional fighter like Jaime to see what happens when you introduce something like napalm or the atom bomb into battle and all the sudden traditional fighting goes out the window." Shakman also noted that Tyrion was another important perspective for the battle, as he watches from afar, saying "We talked through every beat of what he was seeing, and then he imagined that in his mind and brought it to life. He's the human intermediary there to see the battle through." Shakman filmed Peter Dinklage as Tyrion about a mile from the battlefield, and most of his shots involved "staring at lots of different tennis balls" for eye line. Shakman drew inspiration for the direction of the sequence from Miguel Sapochnik, who directed the sixth season episode "Battle of the Bastards", and Neil Marshall, who directed the second season episode "Blackwater", as well as the battles in "Apocalypse Now", "Saving Private Ryan" and "Stagecoach". Shakman also revealed that he used the volcanic destruction of Pompeii as a reference, which led to the idea of some of the army being turned to ash.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: For the beginning of the "Loot Train Attack," with the Dothraki approaching, Shakman stated that he wanted it to feel like a Western, saying in the interview, "I wanted that feeling of a Western — this savage attack coming at this more formalized line of men, that tension of circling the wagons and trying to protect them from the chaos and the onslaught." Shakman worked with the horse mistress, Camilla Naprous, in order to show the Dothraki's mastery at horse riding, which included standing on the horse's saddles while shooting arrows. In order to accomplish this stunt, Naprous built what was referred to as a "metal shoe" that allowed the stunt performers to stand on the horses. The sequence continues with Drogon attacking the Lannister and Tarly armies, with special effects supervisor Joe Bauer noting that the number of shots of Emilia Clarke as Daenerys Targaryen riding Drogon increased significantly, with the entirety of the sixth season having eleven shots, while "The Spoils of War" alone had over 80 shots. As the stunt performers were lit on fire, they were required to hold their breath until the fire was put out, and specific attention was given to stunt performers in the middle of the shot, as they faced the brunt of the heat from the fire. Shakman also spoke about the difficulty in shooting the dragon sequence and the safety of the performers, saying "The most difficult was safety because you're dealing with fire, horses and actors — and those things don't do well in close proximity yet the nature of it was to create this Bosch-like nightmare where, as the scene progresses, it becomes increasingly like you're in the pit of hell. That was difficult."


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Robert McLachlan who served as cinematographer for the episode, and previously was cinematographer for episodes including "The Rains of Castamere" and "The Dance of Dragons" in the show's third and fifth seasons respectively, was also interviewed about the process of creating the "Loot Train Attack." In an interview conducted by "The Verge", McLachlan revealed that the production team received the script for the episode more than a year in advance. Several cameras were used to capture the "Loot Train Attack," including a small handheld camera known as an Osmo, which "allowed a horseman to get shots while riding a horse at a full gallop through the cavalry charge," as well as a "custom-built miniature helicopter drone" for the "overhead dragon shots." A cable-cam was also used, which made several passes over the battlefield during the course of filming. Going into filming, one of McLachlan's most desired effects was the amount of smoke on the battlefield, saying "we wanted to block the sun out so the shots would have some consistency. And I knew the fire and smoke would be incredibly beautiful." White smoke was used towards the beginning of filming, but as the battle went on, McLachlan decided to switch to black smoke, which was accomplished through burning diesel oil. This caused the crew to be required to wear masks and goggles, and raised concern for HBO's safety officer, who eventually prohibited further use of the black smoke due to health and safety concerns. Additional smoke was added later by the special effects team.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: The number of extras that were utilized for filming the "Loot Train Attack" began with more than 600 extras, and gradually decreased as the weeks of filming went on, with 400 extras returning the following week, and ultimately concluded with approximately 100 extras, according to McLachlan. McLachlan also discussed the "oner" featuring Bronn, which he described as a single shot that "runs for as long as possible," revealing that the sequence was actually three shots that were stitched together by the special effects team, led by VFX supervisor Joe Bauer. He continued by revealing that the entire "oner" Bronn sequence was accomplished in only three takes.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: In an interview with "Entertainment Weekly", Sophie Turner, who portrays Sansa Stark, spoke about filming the reunion scene with Maisie Williams, who portrays Arya Stark. Turner stated that the two kept laughing during the filming of the scene, and that they couldn't "keep a straight face". She continued, "Our relationship is so close, but it's only that fun side, never the business side. I was nervous. It just terrified me. It's like performing for your mum. When somebody is watching you don't do it quite as well." Williams also spoke about the scene, saying, "It was the weirdest thing when we shot our first scene together. We were both embarrassed to do our thing in front of each other. It took a few hours for us to get serious and actually do it. Later it was fine on set and we could concentrate, but it was so hard to get into character with Sophie in front of me." Shakman also spoke about the reunion in a separate interview, saying, "It was fun for them, it was fun for us to see them work together, and same with Isaac when they all got together. They're all terrific, and they're amazing actors, and it was fun to see them come together now as adults and navigate these much more complicated scenes than they had to do with each other years ago."


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: "The Spoils of War" was viewed by 10.17 million total viewers on its initial viewing on HBO, which was significantly higher than the previous week's rating of 9.25 million for the episode "The Queen's Justice". This set a ratings record for "Game of Thrones", as the highest rated episode of the series to that point, surpassing the seventh season premiere, which previously held the record. The episode also acquired a 4.6 rating in the 18–49 demographic, making it the highest rated show on cable television of the night. In the United Kingdom, the episode was viewed by 3.015 million viewers on Sky Atlantic, making it the highest-rated broadcast that week on its channel. It also received 1.022 million timeshift viewers.


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: "The Spoils of War" received widespread acclaim from critics, who listed the battle between Daenerys Targaryen and Jaime Lannister, Arya's return to Winterfell and interaction with Brienne, and Daenerys and Jon Snow's conversation at Dragonstone as high points of the episode. It has received a 97% rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes from 43 reviews with an average score of 9.2 out of 10. The site's consensus reads "'The Spoils of War' delivers arguably the greatest battle sequence of the series so far, in exciting, epic, fiery spectacle."


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: Matt Fowler of IGN wrote in his review for the episode, "The past three "Thrones" episodes now have ended with big action set pieces, but the Dragon/Dothraki battle down in The Reach, in "The Spoils of War," was one of the most gripping and magnificent ones to date. It may even rival "Hardhome" in terms of spectacle." He continued, ""Game of Thrones" pulled no punches and showed no quarter this week as we witnessed one of the fiercest and most engaging battles the show's ever produced, featuring major fan-favorite characters on opposite sides of the fight. On top of that, Arya, after seven years, made her way home to Winterfell and managed to best Brienne of Tarth in a friendly training session. There are three Starks in Winterfell right now, but with Littlefinger there poisoning the well, things still aren't quite right." He gave the episode a 10 out of 10. Myles McNutt of "The A.V. Club" similarly praised the concluding battle sequence: "The Spoils Of War" lives up to its title by reinforcing how much more fruitful war is as a storytelling mechanism at this point in the series' life." He also compared the episode to the previous episode, "The Queen's Justice", which had two battles that largely took place off-screen, writing "Here, the battle is told through multiple perspectives, each vested with meaning and purpose: our point-of-view shifts between Dany and Drogon and Jaime and Bronn, before eventually adding Tyrion watching from afar, and the direction from first-time Thrones director Matt Shakman uses those POV very carefully." He concluded his review by saying "The Spoils Of War" anchors itself on characters whose stories are far from over, and crafts a reunion and a battle sequence that end no stories and yet draw meaning from the fact that technically, at this point, any story could end at any moment." He gave the episode an A−. James Hibberd of "Entertainment Weekly" gave the episode an A, writing in his review, "All the leaks in the world couldn't wreck 'The Spoils of War'. "Game of Thrones"' shortest episode ever — and part of the show's fastest-paced season ever — didn’t feel rushed at all, and the story's impact remained incredibly strong no matter what you knew ahead of time."


title: The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)

text: On August 4, 2017, it was reported that, two days before its original broadcast, the episode was leaked online from Star India, one of HBO's international network partners. Four suspects were arrested over the leak in Mumbai. Three of them were current employees of Prime Focus Technologies, an independent company that handles Star India's data; the fourth was a former employee.


title: Noah Gray-Cabey

text: Noah Gray-Cabey (born November 16, 1995) is an American actor and pianist. He is known for his roles in the television series "My Wife and Kids" and "Heroes". He has appeared on the television shows "Ripley's Believe It or Not", "48 Hours", "The Tonight Show", "Good Morning America" and "The Oprah Winfrey Show". Gray-Cabey also starred in the CBS medical drama "Code Black" as Dr. Eliot Dixon.


title: Noah Gray-Cabey

text: At age four, Gray-Cabey performed in several venues throughout New England and Washington. He journeyed to Jamaica for his first tour with the "New England Symphonic Ensemble". In July 2001, Gray-Cabey continued on to Australia, and at age five, became the youngest soloist ever to perform with an orchestra at the Sydney Opera House, as well as the Queensland Conservatory and the International Convention in Brisbane.


title: Noah Gray-Cabey

text: Gray-Cabey has recorded a CD together with his family. They perform pieces by J. S. Bach, Haydn and Vivaldi, among others. The CD also contains recordings of him playing when he was 4 years old.


title: Noah Gray-Cabey

text: Gray-Cabey's parents started Action in Music (A.I.M.), a project intended to help children develop their musical talents and give them opportunities to perform in other countries. The money raised from the concerts are donated to hospitals and orphanages in those countries.


title: Noah Gray-Cabey

text: His career in television began in December 2001. He appeared on "My Wife & Kids" playing the recurring role of Franklin Aloysius Mumford. He also acted in roles in television series including "Grey's Anatomy", "", "" and "Ghost Whisperer". On the superhero television series "Heroes", he performed the role Micah Sanders, a major character. Sanders is able to control machines and is the son of Niki Sanders and D.L. Hawkins.


title: Noah Gray-Cabey

text: Gray-Cabey had been rumored to be chosen to portray Cloak in the Marvel Television Universe/Marvel Cinematic Universe television adaptation of "Cloak and Dagger". The role went to Aubrey Joseph.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Tecia Lyn Torres Moncaio (born August 16, 1989) is an American mixed martial artist who is currently competing in the strawweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). As of October 24, 2022, she is #8 in the UFC women's strawweight rankings.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres was born in Fall River, Massachusetts, but moved to Coral Springs with her single mom, older sister and a younger brother at the age of five. Torres has been involved in martial arts since age 3. She began in taekwondo as a child, and received her black belt after twelve years practicing the sport. She also has an amateur muay thai record of sixteen victories and four losses.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres graduated at 20 years old in 2010 with a Bachelor of Arts, double majoring in Criminal Justice and Sociology from Florida Atlantic University. She earned her master's degree in Criminology from the same college in 2017.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres started her amateur mixed martial arts career in 2011. She won each of her seven bouts, obtaining 115-pound titles in "MMA Solutions," "US Freedom Fighter Championship" and "American Battle Championships".


title: Tecia Torres

text: In 2012, Torres moved to professional mixed martial arts and signed with Invicta Fighting Championships.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres made her professional and promotional debut against Kaiyana Rain on October 6, 2012, at . She won via unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced Paige VanZant on January 5, 2013, at , winning on all judges' score cards. She then won a unanimous decision over Rose Namajunas on July 13, 2013 at . Her final bout of 2013 was against Felice Herrig on December 7, 2013, at . She won via unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: In December 2013, Torres was announced as one of 11 women signed by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) for its newly created strawweight division. It was also announced that she would compete as a cast member on "The Ultimate Fighter" reality series, as part of a tournament to crown the inaugural strawweight champion. In the season premiere of "The Ultimate Fighter", Torres was selected by Team Melendez with the second pick. Third-ranked Torres was matched against #14 Randa Markos. She lost the fight by unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres was the overall no. 3 seed in the tournament and picked second by coach Gilbert Melendez. She faced Randa Markos in the preliminary round of the show. In a surprise upset, Torres lost the fight via unanimous decision over three rounds. She, however, was allowed back into the tournament when Justine Kish injured her knee in training. She was transferred to the team run by Anthony Pettis and defeated Bec Rawlings in the preliminary round by unanimous decision. She faced Carla Esparza in the quarter-finals and lost via majority decision in two rounds.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres made her UFC debut against fellow "Ultimate Fighter" competitor Angela Magaña at on December 12, 2014. She won the fight via dominant unanimous decision, out-striking Magaña two-to-one over the course of three rounds.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres next faced TUF 20 alum Angela Hill on June 13, 2015, at UFC 188. She won the fight by unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres was next expected to face former Invicta FC Atomweight Champion Michelle Waterson at UFC 194. However, Waterson pulled out of the bout on November 24, 2015, citing a knee injury. She was replaced by promotional newcomer Jocelyn Jones-Lybarger. Torres won the fight by unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced Rose Namajunas in a rematch on April 16, 2016, at UFC on Fox 19. She lost the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres next faced Bec Rawlings in a rematch at on February 4, 2017. At the weigh-ins, Rawlings came in at 117.5 lbs, over the women's strawweight limit of 116 lbs. As a result, Rawlings was fined 20% of her purse, which went to Tecia Torres and the bout proceeded at a catchweight. Torres won the fight by unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced Juliana Lima on July 7, 2017, at . She won the fight via submission in the second round, making this the first stoppage victory in her professional career. The win also earned Torres her first "Performance of the Night" bonus award.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced Michelle Waterson on December 2, 2017, at UFC 218. She won the fight by unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced Jéssica Andrade on February 24, 2018, at UFC on Fox 28. She lost the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced former strawweight champion Joanna Jędrzejczyk on July 28, 2018, at UFC on Fox 30. She lost the fight by unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced Marina Rodriguez on August 10, 2019 at UFC Fight Night 156. She lost the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres was scheduled to face Mizuki Inoue on March 28, 2020 at . Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the event was eventually postponed . Instead, Torres face Brianna Van Buren on June 20, 2020 at . She won the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: A rematch with Angela Hill was expected to take place on December 12, 2020 at UFC 256. However, Hill tested positive for COVID-19 and pulled out of the fight. Torres instead faced promotional newcomer Sam Hughes. She won the fight via doctor stoppage between round one and two after Hughes said she couldn't see out of one of her eyes.


title: Tecia Torres

text: The rematch with Angela Hill was rescheduled and took place on August 7, 2021 at UFC 265. Torres won the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres faced Mackenzie Dern on April 9, 2022 at UFC 273. Despite surviving deep submission attempts in the second round, Torres lost the close bout via split decision.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres employs constant lateral movement while combining elements of taekwondo and karate. She frequently utilizes kicking techniques, occasionally following a high or low kick with a fast side kick. When punching, she will often press forward with a flurry of high strikes. Torres does not often utilize submission techniques, but has demonstrated submission defense.


title: Tecia Torres

text: Torres is straight edge, claiming to have never used any alcohol, tobacco and other recreational drugs in her life. On the World Mental Health Day of 2019, Torres revealed having struggled with her mental health issues – depression and attachment disorder – for several years. She is openly part of the LGBTQ+ community and is married to former UFC women’s bantamweight title challenger Raquel Pennington.


title: Married to the Mob

text: Married to the Mob is a 1988 American crime comedy film directed by Jonathan Demme, and starring Michelle Pfeiffer, Matthew Modine, Dean Stockwell, Mercedes Ruehl, and Alec Baldwin. Pfeiffer plays Angela de Marco, a gangster's widow from Brooklyn, opposite Modine as the undercover FBI agent assigned the task of investigating her mafia connections.


title: Married to the Mob

text: The film was released on August 19, 1988, by Orion Pictures. It earned positive reviews from critics and earned several accolades; Pfeiffer was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical, and Stockwell was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.


title: Married to the Mob

text: Angela de Marco is the wife of Long Island mafia up-and-comer "Cucumber" Frank de Marco, who gets violently dispatched by his Don, Tony "The Tiger" Russo, when he is discovered in a compromising situation with the latter's mistress Karen. Angela wants to escape the criminal underworld with her son, but is harassed by Tony who puts the moves on her at Frank's funeral. This clinch earns her the suspicion of FBI agents Mike Downey and Ed Benitez, who are conducting surveillance, and also of Tony's wife Connie, who repeatedly confronts Angela with accusations of stealing her husband. To further complicate things, Downey is assigned to monitor all of Angela's movements as part of an undercover surveillance operation, but cannot resist becoming romantically involved with Angela himself. Angela's attempts to break away from the Mob result in comic mayhem and a climactic showdown in a honeymoon suite in Miami Beach.


title: Married to the Mob

text: In addition, short cameo appearances include the film's director, Jonathan Demme, as a man getting off an elevator in Miami, and the film's music supervisor, Gary Goetzman, as the guy playing piano when the mobsters gather at the "King's Roost" restaurant.


title: Married to the Mob

text: "Married to the Mob" received a largely positive response from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 90% based on 48 reviews, with an average rating of 7.30/10. The site's critics consensus reads: "Buoyed by Jonathan Demme's intuitive direction and Michelle Pfeiffer's irresistible charisma, "Married to the Mob" is a saucy mix of broad comedy and gangster drama." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 71 out of 100, based on 15 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


title: Married to the Mob

text: Janet Maslin of "The New York Times" wrote that ""Married to the Mob" works best as a wildly overdecorated screwball farce... it also plays as a gentle romance, and as the story of a woman trying to re-invent her life." "The Washington Post" described the film as "all decked out in "Godfather" kitsch, but underneath its loud exterior, a complex heroine struggles for freedom." "Variety" called the film "fresh, colorful and inventive." "Time Out" wrote that although the film was "relentlessly shallow, the performances, music and gaudy visuals provide a fizzy vitality for which many other directors would give their right arm." Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" gave a more lukewarm review, but ended positively: "Still, "Married to the Mob" is loaded with wonderful offbeat touches... [and] most assuredly doesn't lack soul."


title: Married to the Mob

text: Jonathan Demme's direction was praised for its idiosyncrasy. "The New York Times" called him "American cinema's king of amusing artifacts: blinding bric-a-brac, the junkiest of jewelry, costumes so frightening they take your breath away." "The Washington Post" wrote that Demme "has nailed one with this playful, but dangerous, gangster farce."


title: Married to the Mob

text: The acting performances were widely acclaimed, especially that of Michelle Pfeiffer in a star-making turn, "her best performance to date." Richard Corliss of "Time" wrote that Pfeiffer was the "emotional anchor to his [Demme's] vertiginous sight gags." "Variety" claimed the "enormous cast is a total delight, starting with Pfeiffer." "The Washington Post" called Pfeiffer a "deft comedian... It's her movie, and she graces it." Matthew Modine was "winning", according to "Variety".