title: Post Consumer Brands

text: It began late that year with the purchase of the Jell-O Company. Jell-O had been first produced in 1897 by Pearle Bixby Wait, a carpenter from the town of LeRoy in northern New York state. Mr. Wait's product was based upon a patent that had been issued to inventor and industrialist Peter Cooper in 1845, but which Cooper had never developed commercially. However, Wait was unsuccessful in marketing Jell-O, and in 1899, he sold the rights to it for $450 to a neighbor, Orator Francis Woodward, who had founded the Genesee Pure Food Company in 1897. Genesee became the Jell-O Company in 1923, the same year it began marketing D-Zerta, a sugar-free gelatin, and a powdered mixture for making ice cream in the kitchen.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: In 1926, Postum Cereal acquired Igleheart Brothers, Inc (established in 1856), the makers of Swans Down cake flour, and followed this with the purchase of the Minute Tapioca Company. "Tapioca Superlative" had been invented in 1894 by a Boston woman, Susan Stavers, who made it from tapioca flakes that she ran through her coffee grinder. Later that year, she sold the rights to John Whitman, of Orange, Massachusetts, who changed its name to "Minute Tapioca". In 1908, he changed the name of his company to that of his product. The "Minute" brand would later become better known for a General Foods innovation introduced in 1949 known as Minute Rice, a brand of parboiled rice.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: As a consequence of the Jell-O and Minute Tapioca acquisitions, Postum Cereal's revenues in 1926 jumped to $46.9 million. The number of shares stood at 1.375 million, including shares issued to acquire Jell-O and Minute Tapioca. The dividend was increased to $4.70 a year.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: The acquisition spree continued in 1927 with the purchase of two similarly named confectionery companies, chocolate-maker Walter Baker (founded in 1765, making it the oldest component of the Postum constituent companies), and coconut-processor Franklin Baker, which had begun early in the 19th century as a flour broker, but whose confectionery products dated from 1895. This was followed by the purchase of Log Cabin Products, the maker of Log Cabin Syrup (first produced in 1887), and of Richard Hellmann, Inc (established in 1913), the producer of Blue Ribbon mayonnaise. And late in the year, Postum Cereal began selling its first coffee product, "Sanka", by obtaining US marketing rights from Dr Ludwig Roselius of Bremen, Germany. Roselius had developed the decaffeinated coffee in 1906 and began selling it in the US in 1923.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: Three more acquisitions followed in 1928. The most important was that of the Cheek-Neel Coffee Company. Its product, Maxwell House, dating from 1892, was a well-known brand in what was still a fragmented US coffee market. Within a few years, however, it was to become the number one brand in America and would retain that position well into the 1980s. Also acquired during 1928 was the La France Manufacturing Company, a maker of starch and other laundry products (this being Postum's first venture into nonedibles), and the Calumet Baking Powder Company, the leading maker of this kitchen essential.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: Financially, the year culminated on October 1 with the inclusion of Postum, Inc in the newly reformulated Dow Jones Industrial Average of 30 common stocks. By year-end, revenues stood at $101 million and the dividend on the five million authorized shares was $5.00 per year, a 25-fold increase since 1922.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: By far the most important acquisition of 1929 was of the frozen-food company owned by Clarence Birdseye, called "General Foods Company". Birdseye (December 9, 1886 - October 7, 1956) was one of the most important entrepreneurs in the history of the food industry. Born in New York City, he became interested in the frozen preservation of food during the course of working as a fur trader in Labrador between 1912 and 1916. By 1923, he had developed a commercially viable process for quick-freezing foods using a belt mechanism, which he patented. In 1924, with backing from three investors, he formed the General Seafoods Company, in Gloucester, Massachusetts, to produce frozen haddock fillets packed in plain cardboard boxes.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: The founder's daughter, Marjorie Merriweather Post, was first to become excited about the prospects for the frozen foods business. In 1926, she had put into port at Gloucester on her yacht, "Hussar (IV)", and was served a luncheon meal which, she learned to her amazement, had been frozen six months before. Despite her enthusiasm, it took Post three years to convince Postum's management to acquire the company. Postum paid $10.75 million for a 51% interest and its partner, Goldman Sachs, paid $12.5 million for the other 49%. Following this acquisition, Postum, Inc changed its name to General Foods Corporation. Goldman sold its share back to General Foods in 1932, apparently at a slight loss.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: Shortly after the acquisition, General Foods began test-marketing an expanded line of frozen foods, but the company quickly realized that a packaging process alone would not be sufficient to market frozen products in stores. To be sold, the packages had to be kept frozen while on display, so Birdseye engineers began development of a freezer cabinet designed specifically to hold frozen foods. The cabinet, which first appeared in 1934, required a great deal of space and electricity, which were not readily available in most grocery stores of the period. For those stores which could accommodate them, the payback was immediate. Housewives quickly realized that keeping packages of frozen food in the icebox could mean fresher meals and fewer trips to the market.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: The company published a cook book in 1932, the "General Foods Cook Book", dedicated "To the American homemaker". Five editions were published between 1932 and 1937. The book includes photographs (among which is "General Foods offers over twenty famous products for your well-stocked pantry shelf") and a subject index.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: In 2011, Ralcorp announced plans to spin off Post Foods into a separate company. About a quarter of Ralcorp's sales in 2010 were generated by its Post Foods unit. The spinoff was completed with an IPO for Post Holdings, Inc. on February 7, 2012.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: In 2014, the company acquired Michael Foods. The following year, Post Foods purchased MOM Brands (formerly Malt-O-Meal Co.) creating the third largest breakfast cereal company in the US. At this point, Post Foods rebranded as Post Consumer Brands, and is headquartered in Lakeville, Minnesota.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: In July 2017, Post Holdings bought Weetabix Limited for £1.4 billion. In 2019, the company began combining some of its MOM Brands and Weetabix cereal brands under the Three Sisters Cereal name.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: On December 8, 2020, Post Holdings announced that it was acquiring the Peter Pan peanut butter brand from Conagra Brands. The transaction was completed on January 25, 2021. With the acquisition of Peter Pan peanut butter on January 25, 2021, Post created a new group called Animated Brands, with the Peter Pan brand being the founding member. Animated Brands is managed under Post Consumer Brands.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: On June 1, 2021, Post announced it acquired the ready-to-eat ("RTE") cereal business of TreeHouse Foods. The TreeHouse Foods RTE cereal business was added to Post Consumer Brands' broad portfolio of private label cereal products.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: Postum, a coffee substitute made out of roasted grain, was created in 1895. It was popular through the early 20th century, particularly during World War II when coffee was rationed.


title: Post Consumer Brands

text: Due to its decline in popularity, Post announced its discontinuation in 2007. It was later revived by Eliza's Quest Food in 2013.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Narcotics Anonymous (NA), founded in 1953, describes itself as a "nonprofit fellowship or society of men and women for whom drugs had become a major problem." Narcotics Anonymous uses a 12-step model developed for people with varied substance use disorders and is the second-largest 12-step organization.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The third tradition of NA states that the only requirement for membership is "a desire to stop using." NA says its meetings are where members can "meet regularly to help each other stay clean." All facts and quotes presented in "The Narcotics Anonymous program" section, unless otherwise sourced, come from the "Narcotics Anonymous (Basic Text)". Membership in NA is free, and there are no dues or fees.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The foundation of the Narcotics Anonymous program is the Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions. Narcotics Anonymous uses a slight variation of wording in both the Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions when compared to other Twelve Step groups.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: According to the Basic Text, Narcotics Anonymous "has no opinion on outside issues," including those of politics, science or medicine, and does not endorse any outside organization or institution. The fellowship does not promote itself, but rather attracts new members through public information and outreach. Individuals can also be compelled to attend by courts or rehab programs. NA groups and areas supply outside organizations with factual information regarding the NA program, and individual members may carry the NA message to hospitals and institutions, such as treatment centers and jails.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: According to the philosophy of the NA program, most addicts did not realize they had a problem with drugs until they had no one left. Even if other people pointed out they may have a drug problem they were convinced otherwise. But once an addict on his or her own tries to stop and realizes they cannot, they finally see that drugs have been controlling them. Addicts lived to use and used to live. NA helps show them a different way of life and helps them fight their disease. NA describes addiction as a progressive disease with no known cure, which affects every area of an addict's life: physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual. NA suggests that the disease of addiction can be arrested, and recovery is possible through the NA twelve-step program. The steps never mention drugs or drug use, rather they refer only to addiction, to indicate that addicts have a disease of which drug use is one symptom. In the NA program, all drugs are considered equal, and alcohol is also a drug. Other symptoms include obsession, compulsion, denial, and self-centeredness.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Regular meetings, hosted by NA groups, are the basic unit of the NA fellowship. Meetings are held in a variety of places such as church meeting rooms, libraries, hospitals, community centers, parks, or any other place that can accommodate a meeting.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Members who attend the same meeting regularly to establish a recovery network and reliable routine understand this to be their "home group." Home-group members can participate in the group's business and play an important role in deciding how the group's meetings should be conducted.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: There are two basic types of meetings: "open" and "closed." Anyone is welcome to attend an open meeting, while closed meetings are limited to addicts and to people who think they may have a problem with drugs.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Meeting formats vary, but often include time devoted to the reading aloud of NA literature regarding the issues involved in living life clean which is written by and for members of NA. Many meetings are conducted by the chairperson who chooses the speakers. Other meetings include an "open sharing" component, during which anyone attending has the opportunity to share. There is usually no direct feedback during the "share"; thus only one person ever speaks at any given time during this portion of the meeting. These types of meetings are sometimes described as discussion meetings. Some groups choose to host a single speaker (such meetings are usually denoted "speaker meetings") to share for the majority of the meeting time.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Other meeting formats include round-robin (sharing goes around in a circle), tag meeting (each speaker picks the next person to share), and stick meetings (each member draws a stick with a topic to share on). Some meetings focus on reading, writing, and/or sharing about one of the Twelve Steps or some other portion of NA literature. Some meetings are "common needs" (also known as special-interest) meetings, supporting a particular group of people based on gender, sexual identity, age, language, or another characteristic. These meetings are not exclusionary, as any addict is welcome at any NA meeting. NA communities will often make an effort to have a separate meeting run at the same time for members who do not identify with the common-needs meeting.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: During the meeting, some groups allot time for NA-related announcements and many meetings set aside time to recognize clean-time "anniversaries" or "birthdays." Individuals are sometimes allowed to announce their clean time to the group. Key tags and medallions, which denote various amounts of clean time, are distributed to those who have achieved various milestones. In some areas, the addict who is celebrating a "clean-time anniversary" will be able to have support group members read the readings for the meeting and he or she will have a speaker carry the NA message. Then the addict celebrating will have their sponsor or a friend or family member give them a medallion at which time the friend will share some of the celebrating addict's achievements during the last year or from during the entire course of their recovery. Then the addict celebrating can share their experience, strength, and hope (ESH) with the group on how they did it.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: NA states in the fifth tradition that "each group has but one primary purpose to carry the message to the addict who still suffers." Therefore, the newcomer is considered to be the most important person in any meeting. Our message is hope and the promise is freedom. The NA message, as quoted in the Basic Text, states, "an addict, any addict, can stop using drugs, lose the desire to use, and find a new way to live" (Basic Text p. 68). "NA offers one promise: freedom from active addiction" (Basic Text p. 106). According to the Narcotics Anonymous Basic Text, the "Twelve Steps" are the source of this hope and freedom when worked to the best of one's ability.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: NA literature suggests that service work is an essential part of a program of recovery. Service is "doing the right thing for the right reason," and is the best example of "goodwill," which is the basis for the freedom only from active addiction by the NA program. Service work is usually chairing a meeting, but may be as simple as cleaning up after the meeting, putting away chairs, or answering a phone. Additionally, there are basic, formalized service positions at the group level to help the group perform its function, such as treasurer, secretary, and Group Service Representative (GSR), who represents the group in the larger service structure.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The NA service structure operates at the area, regional, and world levels. These levels of service exist to serve the groups and are directly responsible to those groups; they do not govern. World services are accountable to its member regions, who are in turn responsible to member areas. Area service committees directly support member groups and often put on special events, such as dances and picnics. Area service committees also provide special subcommittees to serve the needs of members who may be confined in jails and institutions, and will also provide a public interface to the fellowship.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: NA has also produced dozens of "Informational Pamphlets," or "IPs," of varying length that cover a wide range of recovery-related topics, including questionnaires for those who think they may have a drug addiction and information for those addicts trying to stay clean while still inside hospitals or institutions.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: NA calls itself a spiritual program of recovery from the disease of addiction. The NA program places importance on developing a working relationship with a "higher power". The literature suggests that members formulate their own personal understanding of a higher power. The only suggested guidelines are that this power is "loving, caring, and greater than one's self and more powerful than the disease of addiction".


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Members are given absolute freedom in coming to an understanding of a higher power that works for them. Individuals from various spiritual and religious backgrounds, as well as many atheists and agnostics, have developed a relationship with their own higher power. NA also makes frequent use of the word "God" and some members who have difficulty with this term substitute "higher power" or read it as an acronym for "Good Orderly Direction".


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The twelve steps of the NA program are based upon spiritual principles, three of which are honesty, open-mindedness, and willingness, embodied in the first three steps. These three are hardly exhaustive. The Basic Text of NA says, in Chapter Four, about all twelve steps, "These are the principles which made our recovery possible". According to NA members these principles, when followed to the best of one's ability, allow for a new way of life.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: NA meetings usually close with a circle of the participants, a group hug, and a prayer of some sort. Prayers used to close meetings today include the "we" version of the "Serenity Prayer" ("God, Grant us the serenity to accept the things we cannot change, the courage to change the things we can, and the wisdom to know the difference."); the "Third Step Prayer" ("Take my will and my life. Guide me in my recovery. Show me how to live.") or the "Gratitude Prayer" ("That no addict seeking recovery need ever die. ... My Gratitude speaks when I care and when I share with others the NA way.")


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: One addict helping another is an essential part of the NA program. It is therefore highly recommended that NA members find a sponsor. A sponsor is a member of NA who helps another member of the fellowship by sharing their experience, strength, and hope in recovery and serves as a guide through the Twelve Steps. In doing so, NA members often choose a sponsor with experience in applying the NA's Twelve Steps.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: To feel most comfortable, many NA members have sponsors of the same sex although members are free to choose any other member as a sponsor. It is also suggested that one should find a sponsor who has not only worked the 12 steps of Narcotics Anonymous, but that person also has a sponsor who has worked the 12 traditions of Narcotics Anonymous.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: "Anonymity is the spiritual foundation of all our traditions, ever reminding us to place principles before personalities." (12th Tradition, Basic Text)


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Many NA members identify themselves in meetings by their first name only. The spirit of anonymity is about placing "principles before personalities" and recognizing that no individual addict is superior to another and that individual addicts do not recover without the fellowship or its spiritual principles.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The Eleventh Tradition states that NA members "need always maintain personal anonymity at the level of press, radio, and films".


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: NA sprang from the Alcoholics Anonymous Program of the mid-1930s, and was founded by Jimmy Kinnon. Meetings first emerged in the Los Angeles area of California, United States, in the early 1950s. The NA program, officially founded in 1953, started as a small U.S. movement that has grown into the world's largest 12 step recovery program for drug addiction.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Alcoholics Anonymous was the first 12-step program, and through it many with drug and drinking problems found sobriety. The Fourth Tradition gives each AA group the autonomy to include or exclude non-alcoholic addicts from "closed" meetings where only those with an expressed desire to quit drinking may attend. At "open" AA meetings, non-alcoholics are welcome.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In 1944, AA's co-founder Bill Wilson discussed a separate fellowship for drug addicts. In 1947, NARCO (also called Addicts Anonymous) met weekly at the U.S. Public Health Service's treatment center (Federal Medical Center, Lexington) inside the Lexington, Kentucky federal prison for 20 years. In 1948, a NARCO member started a short-lived fellowship also called "Narcotics Anonymous" in the New York Prison System in New York City, New York. This version of NA did not follow the 12 Traditions of NA, which resulted in problems for the fellowship and ultimately the end of that NA in the late 1940s. Jimmy K., who is credited with starting the NA as we know it today, did contact Rae Perez, a leading member of this NA fellowship. Because that fellowship did not want to follow the 12 traditions written by AA, the two NA fellowships never united.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In 1953 Narcotics Anonymous, was founded in California by Jimmy Kinnon and others. Differing from its predecessors, NA formed a fellowship of mutually supporting groups. Founding members, most of whom were from AA, debated and established the 12 Traditions of the NA fellowship. On September 14, 1953, AA authorized NA the use of AA's 12 steps and traditions on the condition that they stop using the AA name, causing the organization to call itself Narcotics Anonymous.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In 1954, the first NA publication was printed, called the "Little Brown Book". It contained the 12 steps and early drafts of several pieces that would later be included in subsequent literature.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: At that time, NA was not yet recognized by society at large as a positive force. The initial group had difficulty finding places that would allow them to meet and often had to meet in people's homes. The first meetings of Narcotics Anonymous were held in the basements of churches for the members' protection because at that time an old law prohibiting convicted felons from congregating was still being upheld and churches offered their basements as a sanctuary. Addicts would have to cruise around meeting places and check for surveillance, to make sure meetings would not be busted by police. It was many years before NA became recognized as a beneficial organization, although some early press accounts were very positive.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In addition, many NA groups were not following the 12 traditions very closely (which were quite new at the time). These groups were at times accepting money from outside entities, conflating AA with NA, or even adding religious elements to the meetings. For a variety of reasons, meetings began to decline in the late 1950s, and there was a four-month period in 1959 when there were no meetings held anywhere at all. Spurred into action by this, Kinnon and others dedicated themselves to restarting NA, promising to hold to the traditions more closely.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In late 1959, meetings began to form again and grow. The NA White Booklet was written in 1962 and became the heart of NA meetings and the basis for all subsequent NA literature. NA was called a "hip pocket program" because the entire literature could fit into a person's hip pocket. This booklet was republished in 1966 as the NA White Book and included the personal stories of many addicts.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The first NA phone line started in 1960, and the first "H&I" group was formed in 1963 (H&I stands for Hospitals and Institutions, a sub-committee of Narcotics Anonymous that carries the message into hospitals and institutions where people cannot get to an outside meeting). That year a "Parent Service Board" (later renamed the World Service Board) was formed to ensure that NA stayed healthy and followed closely to the traditions. Confusingly, in 1962, the Salvation Army started a group also called "Narcotics Anonymous" that followed a different "13-step" program, but this program soon died out. The NA program grew slowly in the 1960s. Members of the program learned what was effective and what was not. Relapse rates declined over time and friction between NA groups began to decrease.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The 1970s was a period of rapid growth in NA's history. In 1970, there were only 20 regular, weekly meetings, all of them in the United States. Within two years there were 70, including meetings in Germany, Australia, and Bermuda. By 1976, there were 200 regular meetings, including 83 in California alone, and in the early 1980s in Brazil, Canada, Colombia, India, the Republic of Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. In 1980, the first London meeting opened in Millman Street, Chelsea, with around six members and a second followed months later. By 1981, there were 1,100 different meetings all over the world and in 1983 Mary Bolton founded "Narcotics Anonymous in Ireland". A World Service Office was officially opened in 1977. In 1971, the first NA World Conference was held, and others have followed annually.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: From the beginnings of NA, the need for official NA literature was evident. Unfortunately, the process of creating and approving official NA literature has seen some of the most contentious periods of debate within the fellowship. Although the Yellow Booklet, Little White Booklet, and Little White Book were used in the 1960s and 1970s, many people desired to have a more detailed book on recovery, paralleling the "Big Book" of Alcoholics Anonymous. Some meetings offered AA literature at meetings, while others considered writing their own books on recovery. One group even planned to print a bootlegged version of AA's Big Book with every instance of the word "alcohol" replaced with "drugs". The need for a unified text approved by the fellowship's "group conscience" was recognized, and in October 1979 the first NA World Literature Conference was held in Wichita, Kansas.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: While previous literature had been written by just a few addicts (primarily by Jimmy Kinnon), the NA Basic Text was written as a massive collaboration between hundreds of people. There were a total of seven World Literature Conferences within three years, all of them open to any addict who wished to help. It was decided that the book would use the Little White Book as its outline, filling in and expanding on the subjects discussed in that text.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In November 1981, a finalized version was distributed to all of NA for approval, and the text was approved with a 2/3 majority required for passage. After passage, however, the publication was held up due to a spirited disagreement between the World Service Office and the members who wrote the book regarding a few key sentences which described the nature of the World Service Organization and other NA service entities. The book was printed in 1983 with the passages removed. A second edition that restored the passages quickly followed at the demand of the fellowship. A hasty vote which required Regional Service Representatives to respond within 60 days (even though most regions only met every 90 days) making it impossible to actually poll the NA Groups and membership again removed the sentences in a third edition.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Professional editors and writers were hired in 1986 to improve the Basic Text so that it was more consistent in tone and style. The resultant 4th edition, released in 1987, was improperly reviewed and had many problems, including 30 lines that were missing and text that was inconsistent with other NA literature. A 5th edition was released in 1988, purportedly correcting those problems.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In 2004, the WSC initiated a project to revise the Basic Text. This new edition would remove some of the personal stories from the 5th edition, and supplement the remainder of the original stories with more diverse personal stories from around the world. The first 10 chapters were to remain the same. Also, the preface would remain the same, as well as the "Symbol" page. There is a new preface but the original preface will be called "preface to the 1st edition". There were some other changes to the structure of the book, including the layout and flow of the book, while keeping the original message clear and unchanged. The task of choosing these stories was handed down from the World Service Office to regional meetings, to Area Service Committee meetings, and then to the individual home group meetings, where each member had a chance to review the new text.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: When the Approval Draft came out on September 1, 2006, 7,500 copies were distributed (4,493 copies were mailed and 3,009 copies were electronic copies downloaded by members). The approximate number of input received was 350 pieces, of which 60 percent came from individuals, 17 percent came from groups, and 23 percent came from committees. More than 20 percent (161) of the personal stories submitted came from outside of the United States. Submissions were received from the following countries (although later on more personal stories were submitted and the additional statistics are unknown):


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The 6th edition of the NA Basic Text was approved with over forty new "personal stories" from around the world. Because of the addition of so many new stories of NA member experiences, it is larger in size than all earlier editions. After the rapid succession of five editions during the 1980s, this was the first new edition in twenty years.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: On October 1, 2008, the 5th edition was replaced by the 6th edition in the Narcotics Anonymous World Services inventory at NA.org. Copies of the Basic Text are sold, or given away for free at the group's expense, at NA meetings, and are available in over 30 different languages. Millions have been sold worldwide, and have been useful to many addicts.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The Sixth Edition Basic Text was published in 2008, and there was also a special edition released that same year known as the 25th Anniversary Commemorative (of the First Edition Basic Text) Sixth Edition Basic Text.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In 2003, NA World Services approved a new text entitled "Sponsorship". This book endeavors to help people explore the concept of NA sponsorship.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: A motion for a project to create a new book was put to the World Service Conference in the 2008–2010 conference cycle. The motion was carried by unanimous consent in 2010. over the next two years members of the Narcotics Anonymous fellowship took part in a collective effort to create this new book-length piece of literature. The book was to be titled Living Clean: The Journey Continues. At the 2012 World Service Conference, a motion to approve the final draft of the book was presented to the conference for approval and once again the delegates carried the motion unanimously. Living Clean: The Journey Continues was released to the public in 2012.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Membership in Narcotics Anonymous is voluntary; no attendance records are kept either for NA's own purposes or for others. Because of this, it is sometimes difficult to provide interested parties with comprehensive information about NA membership. There are, however, some objective measures that can be shared based on data obtained from members attending one of NA world conventions; the diversity of membership, especially ethnic background, seems to be representative of the geographic location of the survey. The following demographic information was revealed in a survey returned by almost half of the 13,000 attendees at the 2003 NA World Convention held in San Diego, California:


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: • Age: 3% 20 years old and under, 12% 21–30 years old, 31% 31–40 years old, 40% 41–50 years old, 13% over age 51, and 1% did not answer.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: • Employment status: 72% employed full-time, 9% employed part-time, 7% unemployed, 3% retired, 3% homemakers, 5% students, and 1% did not answer.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: • Continuous abstinence/recovery: The 2015 Membership Survey showed the range from less than one year up to 54 years, with a mean average of 8.32 years. The 2015 Membership Survey of 22,803 members is available on NA.org, under the "For the Public" tab.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Because no attendance records are kept, it is impossible to estimate what percentages of those who come to Narcotics Anonymous remain active in NA over time. The only sure indicator of the program's success in attracting members is the rapid growth in the number of registered Narcotics Anonymous meetings in recent decades and the rapid spread of Narcotics Anonymous outside North America.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Members meet at NA Groups; Representatives of which participate in Area Service Committees (ASC); Several Area Service Committees form a Regional Service Committee (RSC) and the Regional Delegates (RD) make up NA World Service Committee. The foundation for this structure is the Twelve Traditions of NA.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Narcotics Anonymous is fundamentally made up of NA Groups. An NA Group is a number of NA members who meet regularly; usually at the same time and place each week. Some Groups have more frequent meetings but are considered to be part of a single Group. Groups have one primary purpose, to carry the message to the addict who still suffers. Groups are largely independent of one another and members of NA are encouraged to choose a "homegroup" to belong to, a group they attend regularly and where they will be missed if they are absent. Each Group elects any number of leaders, or "trusted servants", to serve the needs of the Group they made include a Group Secretary, a Group Treasurer, a Group Chairperson, a Group Service Representative (GSR), and an alternate GSR. This election process is carried out by the Group Conscience which is a business meeting made up of the members of the Group who strive for consensus-based decisions. With each group being autonomous, without affecting NA as a whole, the responsibilities of trusted servants vary from meeting to meeting. These responsibilities or "group policies" are contrived through the group's business meeting by inviting a Higher Power to guide each recovering person's decision, also known as a group conscience. An example of one specific trusted servant's responsibilities are, "The secretary is responsible for opening the meeting, choosing someone to chair the meeting, making sure coffee gets made, etc. He or she also arranges for purchasing supplies and keeping group records. The treasurer keeps financial records and pays the group's bills. The GSR attends the Area Service Committee meetings and represents the group to the ASC. The alternate GSR assists the GSR and prepares to replace the GSR when need be."


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: An ASC is made up of all the participating NA Groups in a given area. The Group Service Representatives (GSRs) and alternate GSRs from each Group in an Area meet regularly together for a business meeting where issues are raised and discussed to better meet the needs of the groups in the Area. Each ASC elects its own officers: the chairperson, vice-chairperson, secretary, treasurer, and regional committee members (RCMs). Frequently an ASC will have various subcommittees (such as a but not limited to Hospitals and Institutions (H&I), Public Information (PI), Activities, Website, Outreach, Policy, Literature, Literature Review, Newsletter, Recovery By Mail and Convention) which are led by subcommittee leaders that are elected by the entire ASC. In some regions, several ASCs will be grouped into a Metropolitan Service Committee at the sub-regional level; this is typical in especially large cities, like Los Angeles, that contain multiple ASCs.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: An RSC is composed of the regional committee members (RCMs) of all the participating ASCs in a region. It is similar in organization to an ASC but is further removed from the day-to-day activities of individual home groups. Many of the issues dealt with by RSCs are the same ones that will come before the World Service Conference, with the RSC being the best way for local groups to help craft policies that will affect NA as a whole. In some cases, only the RCMs in a region will meet to vote on issues; in other situations, all GSRs in a region will be invited to attend an RSC meeting. The RSC elects a delegate to attend the World Service Conference.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The Zonal Forums are service-oriented organizational structures designed to improve communication between RSCs. They are not decision-making entities.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Some Zonal Forums actively participate in "Fellowship Development" to help NA fellowships grow in new countries and geographic areas where NA is still forming. Zonal Forums help NA groups, areas, or regions to work together to translate literature, inform the local community about NA and create new service committees. This is achieved through annual or biannual Zonal Forum meetings together with development visits to NA groups and members in other countries. Experienced NA members hold workshops, and meetings and present material to help the newer communities.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Zonal forums also provide an important opportunity for World Services and the World Board to interact with newer and growing NA communities to better understand their needs and challenges. Zonal forums are an important part of the growth of NA in some of the most populous and remote parts of the world. Eastern Europe, central and eastern Asia, and Latin America NA communities have grown significantly through the work of Zonal Forums.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Some Zonal Forums are a service-oriented sharing session that provides the means by which NA communities in their zone can communicate, cooperate, and grow with one another. Although not a part of NA's formal decision-making system, Zonal Forums interact with World Services in many ways. Each Zonal Forum provides a biannual report on the floor of the World Service Conference and, when requested by the conference, may also answer specific questions or address the body. To improve communications, the Zonal Forums are provided with conference participant mailings and send each Zonal Forum meeting record to World Services. To more effectively serve the fellowship, World Services and the Zonal Forums maintain an ongoing partnership to plan and conduct the Worldwide Workshop system.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The NA World Service Conference (WSC) is a bi-annual service meeting made up of the Regional Delegates of the seated Regions of the world and the members of the NA World Board. This service conference has the executive right to make decisions for the entire NA Fellowship. This includes electing members to serve on the World Board, approving all new NA Literature, service material, and making policy decisions that affect the fellowship including the organizational structure. This responsibility has been executed as recently as the late 1990s when the World Service Conference voted to re-structure the NA Service structure including the removal of the Board of Trustees, Board of Directors, and several other World Service level committees (Public Information, Hospitals & Institutions, Literature, and Translations) replacing them with a single board elected by the conference.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The WSC through the World Board is responsible for the NA World Service Office located in the Chatsworth, a neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States. This office handles the production of all approved literature, provides resources for projects approved by the WSC, and also provides limited services to the fellowship as a whole. The office also administers the legal responsibilities of the fellowship concerning copyrights, intellectual property, and accounting. The office employs many people who carry out these functions.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Narcotics Anonymous members are not required to pay any dues or fees. NA is committed to being fully self-supporting, declining any outside contributions. Group expenses are covered entirely by voluntary contributions from its members. Groups meet costs such as meeting room rental, tea and coffee, and any literature that the group provides for free from these contributions, after which surplus funds are passed to the service structure. Group often provide some literature items such as IPs (Double sided single sheet pamphlets) and keytags/chips celebrating clean time. Area Service Committees are typically funded from Group contributions plus money raised by events such as dances and recovery events attended by members. In some countries Area committees also supply literature to the Groups. Areas pass funds on to the Regions, which can also receive contributions from Groups and also raise money through conventions attended by hundreds to thousands and tens of thousands of members. Regions also sometimes run Regional Service Offices which buy literature from the World Service Office and its branch offices for sale to Areas and Groups. Because Regional Service Offices can purchase in bulk and sell at list price sometimes this surplus exceeds the running costs of the office. Regions then pass funds to Zonal Forums and also the World Service Conference via the World Service Office according to the decision of the Region.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: At the World Service level of Narcotics Anonymous expenses are met partially by the voluntary donations via the service structure and also through the sale of recovery literature. NA does not accept donations from non-members, organizations, or governments. NA recovery literature is produced by the NA World Service Office (NAWS) located in California, USA. Typically NA groups will purchase literature using group funds from local (area or regional) service offices, or direct from NAWS.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Some literature is provided to new members for free (such as the "Information Pamphlets") while other, typically book-length pieces, are sold at the purchase cost to the group. Literature is also purchased from Group contributions and made available to new members. NAWS receives 87% (2004/5) of its income from the sale of literature. Other expenses include group refreshments, meeting-place rent, etc. Financial information is publicly available on the NA website. The 2007 World Convention of NA ran at a net financial loss of $596,000.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The first sophisticated outcome studies of NA were conducted in the early 1990s in London, England. The first study found a roughly linear relationship between the length of membership and abstinence with reduced anxiety and increased self-esteem While the NA sample had higher anxiety than the non-addicted comparison groups, these levels were equivalent for those with three or more years of membership, which is consistent with the hypothesis that NA membership reduces anxiety as well as substance use. This study also, contrary to the authors' expectations, found that spiritual beliefs and disease concept beliefs were not prerequisites for attendance of NA and even if these beliefs were adopted they were not found to cause external attributions for previous drug use or possible future lapse events.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: A study of the early experience of new NA members in Victoria Australia in 1995 interviewed 91 members initially and 62 (68%) after 12 months and found that higher self-help participation as measured by service role involvement, step work, and stable meeting attendance, in the 12 months before the follow-up was associated with a four-fold reduction in levels of hazardous drug and alcohol use, less illicit income and sickness benefits and higher emotional support at reinterview.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: One approach is to provide professional 12-step facilitation (TSF) either in an individual or group setting. TSF sessions are designed to introduce the patient to 12-step concepts and facilitate the entry of the patient into community-based 12-step programs. It must be emphasized that TSF is not NA, it is an implementation of 12-step program elements by a professional counsellor. NA recommends 12 step work with another member who has worked the steps.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: One study, sponsored by NIDA, randomly assigned people using cocaine into four groups, individual drug counseling plus group drug counseling (GDC), cognitive therapy plus GDC, supportive expressive therapy plus GDC, or GDC alone. Individual drug counseling was based on the 12-step philosophy. Group drug counseling was designed to educate patients about the stages of recovery from addiction, to strongly encourage participation in 12-step programs, and to provide a supportive group atmosphere for initiating abstinence and an alternative lifestyle. Nearly 500 patients participated in the study.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The results suggested that all four treatment conditions resulted in similar reductions in cocaine use with the IDC + GDC group (TSF) more effective than the other three groups. One issue with this study is that there was significant attrition of patients, with significantly larger numbers of dropouts from the TSF groups than from the others.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Fiorentine 1999 was a 24-month longitudinal study measuring the effectiveness of Alcoholics Anonymous and NA. Like other longitudinal studies, it shows a strong correlation between 12-step attendance and being both clean from drugs and sober from alcohol: People who went to 12-step meetings in the study had about a 75% success rate.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: In more detail, at the 24 month follow up, 77.7% of people who went to one or more meetings a week self-reported being clean; urinalysis was very close to that figure, showing some 76.4% of the regular attenders begin clean. For participants who did not regularly go to meetings, the self-reported figure for being abstinent was 56% and the drug test showed 57.9% being clean. The self-reported figures for excessive alcohol use were similar: 74.8% of regular 12-step attenders self-reported being completely sober, but only 40% of people who did not go to 12-step meetings claimed to be sober. Urinalysis showed 96.6% of people regularly going to meetings as sober, in contrast to the 88.9% of people who didn't go to meetings once a week or more whose urine sample was alcohol-free.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The report then sees if 12-steps meetings have a specific effect (in other words, if there is causation or merely correlation) by using statistical analysis to compare participants self-reported level of motivation, 12-step attendance, and successfully getting clean and sober. The result of this observation was that "Weekly or more frequent 12-step participants are 1.59 times more likely than less-than-weekly participants to maintain abstinence after controlling for the differences in recovery motivation measured by the scale."


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: The NA program attempts to avoid controversy through its application of the 12 traditions, which specify that "Narcotics Anonymous has no opinion on outside issues; hence the NA name ought never be drawn into public controversy." Even so, the Basic Text points out that there are still "communication problems, differences of opinion, internal controversies, and troubles with individuals and groups outside the Fellowship", and various controversies of this type have disturbed NA throughout its history.


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: Early in the history of NA, different groups emphasized different aspects of recovery. In particular, the make-up and process of creating an NA text was a contentious period for the fellowship. Different factions supported different versions of the Basic Text, and in the ensuing power struggle there were many accusations made and resentments cultivated. The basis of the dispute was whether the service committees were described as a part of NA, or as a separate entity, basically a tool of the NA groups with no decision-making power; instead being charged with collecting the decisions of the NA groups themselves. This dispute reached its nadir when the NA World Service Office sued an NA member in an attempt to prevent him from distributing free versions of the Basic Text. Today there are some NA groups who use a self-produced version of the Basic Text that has come to be known as the Baby Blue which is basically the Third Edition, Revised Basic Text (except that it contains originally approved essays on the Traditions). Some Traditionalist groups use the Second Edition or Approval Draft (both of which contain the original Traditions and are nearly identical to each other).


title: Narcotics Anonymous

text: NA is unusual but not unique in its focus on the symptom/substance not being the core problem, but rather the disease of addiction, as is stated in the NA Step 1. In NA, it does not matter what substance you used, and alcohol is seen as a drug. 12-step groups differ in their approach to the treatment of addiction and recovery. Alcoholics Anonymous "is a program for alcoholics who seek freedom from alcohol" but does refer to "some AA members who have misused drugs...in such a manner as to become a threat to the achievement and maintenance of sobriety" and mentions that drugs can "create a dependence just as devastating as dependence on alcohol". However, according to AA literature, "only those with a desire to stop drinking may attend closed meetings." Anyone at all may attend an open meeting of Alcoholics Anonymous, but non-alcoholics attend as observers. Cocaine Anonymous originally formed to address the special needs of cocaine addicts, but "is not a drug specific fellowship" and "welcomes anyone with a drug or alcohol problem and offers a solution". CA's program involves abstaining from cocaine "and all other mind-altering substances", thus taking the same stance as NA pertaining to abstinence from all drugs, including alcohol and marijuana. Methadone Anonymous is similar to NA, but considers the use of methadone to be a tool of recovery and not a drug. NA has no opinion on these groups, as these are outside issues and the traditions suggest against taking a definitive stand on outside issues.


title: Salil al-Sawarim

text: Salil al-Sawarim (, "Clashing of Swords") is a nasheed (chant) produced by the Islamic State in 2014 and used in Islamist propaganda videos. It is a melodic a cappella hymn. The lyrics discuss bloodshed and war.


title: Salil al-Sawarim

text: The song was produced by the Ajnad Foundation, with the recitation of the vocalist Abu Yassir, the most well known vocalist of the group. Salil al-Sawarim is among the best known IS nasheeds. It appeared in IS' fourth installment of the "Salil al-Sawarim" video series, which among other things contain medleys of executions.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: The France men's national basketball team () represents France in international basketball and is administered by the French Federation of Basketball. France is currently ranked fifth in the FIBA World Rankings.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: France has been a regular at the EuroBasket, qualifying for 39 appearances all-time. Their best finish came in 2013, winning the gold medal. They have also come away with three silver (1949, 2011, 2022) and six bronze medals (1937, 1951, 1953, 1959, 2005, 2015). France has also won two bronze medals at the FIBA World Cup in 2014 and 2019. While at the Summer Olympics, France has won three silver medals (1948, 2000, 2020).


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Throughout its history, France's national basketball team has experienced many ups and downs. The time periods where the national team earned medals have been quite streaky.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: In Europe, team France started out as a fierce competitor. The team won five medals at the EuroBasket between 1937 and 1959.<br>


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1937: "Bronze Medal", 3–2 overall, second in preliminary group, lost semi-final, won bronze medal match<br>


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1951: "Bronze Medal"; 6–3 overall, second in preliminary group at 3–1, won semi-final group in three-way tie-breaker with 2–1 record, lost semi-final, won bronze medal match<br>


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1953: "Bronze Medal", 6–4 overall, second in preliminary group at 2–1, second position of four-way tiebreaker for 2nd place in final round with 4–3 record.<br>


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1959: "Bronze Medal", 6–3 overall, second in preliminary group at 3–1, first in semi-final round at 3–0, third in final round with 1–2 record.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: At the 1948 Olympics in London, the France team led by Robert Busnel won an Olympic silver medal, the first Olympic medal in their history. France finished second only to the United States.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: In the wake of this Olympic medal, France, led by captain André Vacheresse won three consecutive medals. Including silver at the EuroBasket in 1949, and bronze in 1951 and 1953 respectively.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: The following years were less glorious. France's basketball team seemingly declined gradually, to completely fail to medal at major international competitions during the 1960s and 1970s.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: After the disappointing 60s and 70s, the 1980s were marked by a generation of hope, counting in its ranks French basketball icons such as Richard Dacoury, Stéphane Ostrowski, and Hervé Dubuisson.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: During the 1990s France had their moments to shine, despite some internal struggles and many injuries to key players. At the European championship, the team did not win a medal despite some good performances. The years 1999 and 2000, however, marked a turnaround for French basketball. The team built around Antoine Rigaudeau, Tariq Abdul-Wahad, Laurent Sciarra, Jim Bilba, and Laurent Foirest finished in the top 4 at the EuroBasket 1999, which France hosted. Their first loss was in the semi-finals followed by their second loss in the bronze medal match to FR Yugoslavia 74–62, despite some internal problems that disrupted the group of players. In 2000, team France qualified for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, full of ambition, which developed the means for major achievement. At the end of their stint in Australia, the selection of coach Jean-Pierre de Vincenzi helped lead the team to the silver medal, France's first top 3 performance at a major basketball event in 46 years and their first Olympic medal in 52 years.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: After the 2000 Olympics, French phenom Tony Parker was selected by the San Antonio Spurs in the 2001 NBA draft. However, at the EuroBasket 2001, without Antoine Rigaudeau, who surprisingly decided to retire from the national team, the 19-year-old Parker alone was not enough as France failed to repeat their outstanding performance attained at the 2000 Olympic Games. France lost in the quarter-finals to Germany 77–81 and finished in 6th place overall. During this time, most of France's players cleared their spots for a new generation of players, which were available in abundance as the France Junior national team had won the 2000 junior championship.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: At the EuroBasket 2003, France competed with an immensely talented squad, which included NBA players Tony Parker, Jérôme Moïso and Tariq Abdul-Wahad. As well as future pro Boris Diaw, and European standouts Laurent Foirest, Cyril Julian and Florent Piétrus. But despite competing with one of the most promising rosters ever, France lost in the semi-finals against Lithuania, then went on to lose a close battle in the bronze medal match to Italy 67–69.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Hoping not to repeat the disappointing performance of 2003, France's squad once again saw considerable changes heading into EuroBasket 2005. Reconstruction of the national team roster was built based on team chemistry instead of big names; Amongst others, Jérôme Moïso and Tariq Abdul-Wahad disappeared from the roster with the newly formed team being built around the three NBA players Tony Parker, Boris Diaw, and Mickaël Piétrus as well as the returning national team veteran Antoine Rigaudeau. The new coach Claude Bergeaud, surprisingly also selected Frédéric Weis, an underachieving player once drafted in the 1999 NBA draft, who did not participate in the team's preparation. After a sobering preliminary round, France displayed stunning performances in the knockout stage. First, France eliminated Serbia and Montenegro on their home court, then the team defeated the 2003 European champion Lithuania. Heading into their semi-finals match against Greece, where both sides battled each other throughout with tough defense, France collapsed in the final minute after leading by seven points with 45 seconds remaining in regulation. The devastating loss relegated the national team to the bronze medal match once again. However, unlike 2003 France recovered to win the bronze medal by blowing out Spain 98–68.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: At the 2006 FIBA World Cup France competed without Tony Parker, who suffered a twisted finger two days before the competition. Because of this, the San Antonio Spurs, who just signed Parker to a 51 million Euros contract did not allow him to participate. After a preliminary round marked by three wins and two losses, including a shocking defeat at the hands of Lebanon, France beat Angola in the Round of 16 match 68–62 before losing in the quarter-finals against Greece 56–73. Furthermore, two victories in classification matches finally granted the French fifth place.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: At the EuroBasket 2007, France fell behind their aspirations again. After a strong preliminary round, the team was eliminated in the quarter-finals by eventual champion Russia 75–71, then was beaten in the classification matches by Croatia 86–69 and Slovenia 88–74, finishing in eighth place, missing out on the Olympic Games for the second consecutive time. In the following months, the team had to go through the ordeal of qualifications to participate in the next EuroBasket which was to be held in 2009. In 2008, former national team coach Michel Gomez returned to lead the team, a position he held between 1993 and 1995. But Gomez failed to help France qualify directly for the European Championship, and had to enter a repechage tournament. In August 2009 he was replaced by Vincent Collet, coach of ASVEL Lyon-Villeurbanne.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Under Collet's direction, "Les Bleus" grabbed the last ticket to the EuroBasket 2009 by trashing Belgium 92–54 in the final game of the repechage. At the European Championship, France won their first six games of the first two rounds but failed in the quarter-finals against the eventual tournament champion Spain. The French ultimately finished in fifth place, a performance which would grant the team the direct qualification for the next two major competitions, the 2010 FIBA World Cup and EuroBasket 2011.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: After a disappointing showing from France during the 2010 FIBA World Cup, where they were knocked out in the Round of 16, the team looked toward EuroBasket 2011 with high expectations after an impressive run in 2009. France was placed into Group B, with Latvia as their first opponent. France got off to a slow start to begin the game as they trailed after the first quarter 18–25. Although the team would step it up in the second quarter, to only trail 40–41 at halftime. In the second half, France demonstrated why they were one of the favourites heading into the tournament. As they finished off the game strong and pulled out the win 89–78, behind Tony Parker's game high (31 points and 7 assists). In their second match against Israel, France never faced any pressure, as they led throughout to an 68–85 victory. Standing with a record of (2–0), next up for France was a date with Dirk Nowitzki and Germany. Similar to their first match, France got off to another slow start where the team trailed after the first period. But they rallied back in the second quarter to take a 29–28 halftime lead. France exploded in the third quarter, which gave the national team an 18 point cushion heading into the fourth quarter. This deficit would prove too much to overcome for Germany, as France led by Tony Parker's 32 points on 55% shooting, and six assists moved to (3–0).


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Still undefeated, France had another tough test awaiting, with Italy in their way. For three quarters France struggled against the stymie defense of the Italians, where they were down 67–60 heading into the fourth quarter. With Tony Parker having an off shooting night, other team leaders such as Boris Diaw (21 points), and Nicolas Batum (20 points) gave the team the lift it needed down the stretch to prevail 84–91. The win also helped France clinch a spot in the second group phase. France having already locked up a spot to advance went up against the undefeated Serbia in their final match of Group B. In a highly competitive match between these two unbeaten teams, where overtime was needed to determine the winner; France with balanced scoring from six players in double figures handed Serbia their first lost 96–97.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: In the second group phase France won their first two matches against Turkey, and Lithuania, before falling to Spain. The result was enough to book a place into the quarter-finals. There, France battled Greece with a chance to reach the semis on the line. The team eventually escaped with a 64–56 victory. France needing one more win to put themselves in position to play for the title, first had to get past Andrei Kirilenko and Russia. The two teams played a really close game throughout, but France did just enough to place themselves in prime position to move on.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: France reached the final of the EuroBasket for the first time since 1949, where they were up against Spain. Unfortunately, the team came up short, as Spain repeated as European champions. However, led by the extraordinary performances from the iconic Tony Parker, France proved they would be a threat on the international scene in the future.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: The 2012 Summer Olympics came and went without much noise made from the French, as the team bowed out in the quarter-finals. Heading toward the EuroBasket 2013, France was eager to flip the script and display the execution needed to make a deep tournament run. However, in their first match at the Euro finals in Group A, France was defeated by Germany 74–80. The loss quickly refocused the team for their next two matches, against Great Britain, and Israel, as they blew out both opponents fairly easily. France went on to also win their next two games in the preliminary phase against Ukraine and Belgium, to finish top of Group A to advance.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: During the second group phase France suffered their second loss of the tournament, falling to Lithuania. Although the team turned around in their next match to beat Latvia 102–91, behind big games from center Alexis Ajinça (25 points and 3 blocks) and Tony Parker's (23 points). With a place in the quarter-finals assured, France managed to drop their third match, this time a 77–65 defeat to Serbia.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: In their quarter-finals match France were up against the EuroBasket 2013 host Slovenia. However, the team dispelled any notion there would be carryover from their prior game, as they prevailed 62–72. The win also setup a EuroBasket 2011 final rematch between Spain. Heading into the semi-finals, France was resolute to make amends for their 2009 and 2011 eliminations. But it was the Spaniards who began this duel with more urgency, as they outplayed the French in the first half to lead 34–20. To begin the third quarter France slowly started cutting into Spain's lead with their defensive tenacity to trail 49–43 going into the fourth quarter. Entering the final period France continued their harassing defensive pressure, which started to wear the Spaniards down. France eventually fought all the way back, to pull even with their nemesis 65–65 to send the game into overtime. In extra time, France did not let this golden opportunity slip away, as they finally pulled ahead to win 72–75. Led once again by Tony Parker and his (32 points), along with the clutch performance from Antoine Diot, France were heading back to the title game.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Ensuing their emotional win against Spain, France entered the final against Lithuania ready to seize the moment and create history. France, after years of coming up short in these situations finally became European champions. Additionally, the stellar play from Tony Parker throughout the tournament earned himself MVP honors.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Due to their rousing accomplishment at EuroBasket 2013, France qualified for the 2014 FIBA World Cup. Although without the services of Tony Parker, other players stepped up to try and fill the void. France was drawn into Group A at the finals, which many viewed as the Group of Death. Their first opponent was Brazil, which resulted in a tightly contested match the French would lose 63–65. Next up for France, was a date with Serbia. France looking to pick up their first win during the finals, battled back and forth with the Serbians until they escaped with a narrow 73–74 victory. Now at a record of (1–1), France easily put away Egypt in their third match of the group stage before they faced the tournament hosts Spain. There, the team was thoroughly outplayed by the Spanish, who handed France a heavy defeat 88–64. Although the French would rebound to close out the preliminary phase with a win against Iran 81–76.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Entering the Round of 16, waiting for France was Croatia. The French would get off to a lethargic start, as they trailed the Croatians 7–15 after the first quarter. France would ultimately reverse their fortune in the second, turning up their defense to hold Croatia to just seven points to head into halftime with a one-point lead. Entering the third quarter, France continued to frustrate Croatia on defense, to extend their advantage heading to the fourth. However, Croatia would put up a solid final period to no avail, France would hold on 69–64 to advance. In the quarter-finals, France would once again be paired against a familiar foe, Spain. Although this time around France displayed more resolve against the Spaniards, as they eliminated one of the World Cup favourites comfortably 65–52.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: France arrived at the semi-finals confident before their rematch with Serbia. But even after a remarkable 35-point performance from Nicolas Batum, France lost to the eventual tournament runners-up 85–90. After the devastating lost in the semis, France turned around and finished up strong to win a highly competitive bronze medal match against Lithuania 93–95.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: France was named as one of four co-hosts for EuroBasket 2015. At the Euro finals, France was aided by the return of EuroBasket 2013 MVP Tony Parker to the national team. With their floor general back in the fold, the French were tabbed as one of the early favourites to win the tournament and repeat. Being placed into Group A to begin their title defense, France was tasked with Finland as their first opponent. In front of an exuberant home crowd, France got off to a quick start to possess the lead after the first quarter. The French would continue to feed off this momentum as they extended their advantage heading into halftime up 45–37. Although in the third and fourth quarters Finland mounted a vigorous comeback, to send the match into overtime. However, France would not be denied on their home soil, as they pulled out an emotional 97–87 victory. After the win, France would go on to triumph through their remaining four matches in group play to clinch a place into the Round of 16.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Awaiting France in their next match was Turkey, a game they would cruise to victory 76–53. Their opponent in the quarter-finals was Latvia, who were looking to upset the hosts and advance to the semis. They were ultimately denied that chance 84–70, as France in front of over 22,000 spectators at Stade Pierre-Mauroy moved closer to their desired destination. France, needing one more win to put themselves in position to play in the final, were again pitted against rivals Spain. In a classic duel between the two battle-tested sides, it was the Spaniards led by Pau Gasol's 40 points and 11 rebounds ending France's hope of repeating. However, with third place still on the line France defeated Serbia 81–68 to come away with the bronze medal."


title: France men's national basketball team

text: After going (4–0) during the 2016 Olympic Qualifying Tournament, France qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics. Although they only managed to reach the quarter-finals before ceding once again to Spain. After the tournament, French great Tony Parker announced his retirement from the national team, ending an illustrious run with "Les Bleurs".


title: France men's national basketball team

text: At EuroBasket 2017, France continued their underwhelming play, as the team was knocked out in the Round of 16 to Germany 84–81. The devastating loss for France was their worst finish at the Euros since 1963.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: During the process to qualify for the 2019 FIBA World Cup, France went through European Qualifiers in order to secure a spot. The national team would go on to finish with a (10–2) record during qualifying to clinch their place at the World Cup finals.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: At the 2019 FIBA World Cup, France entered the tournament looking to continue their strong play the team displayed during the qualifiers. France was slotted into Group G to begin their run at the World Cup finals. Their first test was against a familiar foe in Germany, a match that went down to the wire. But behind the heroics of national team star Evan Fournier's (26 points and 10 rebounds) France pulled out a tight 78–74 win. In their final two preliminary group phase matches versus Jordan and Dominican Republic, France advanced to the second group phase, by trashing their opponents on route to heavy victories.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: In France's next encounter, the team were up against Lithuania. France, however, prevailed in a physical clash between the two European heavyweights 78–75, to lockup a spot into the quarter-finals with one match remaining in the second group phase. There, France were pitted against Australia. Although even with another strong showing from Evan Fournier, and his (31 points and 6 rebounds) the team fell 98–100.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: In the quarter-finals, France had the duty of trying to knock off the favourites of the tournament, the United States. Ultimately led by majestic games from Evan Fournier and big man Rudy Gobert, France eliminated the United States 79–89. The win advanced the team into the semi-finals with a date versus Argentina. With the emotional confidence boosting win behind them, France exhibited lackluster urgency in their next match in an 80–66 defeat to the Argentines. The lost for France was their second consecutive ouster in the semis at the World Cup. France would move on to claim the bronze medal, downing Australia in a rematch 67–59.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Heading toward the 2020 Summer Olympics, France automatically qualified for the event, through being one of top two European finishers at the prior World Cup. In the opening match of the tournament for France, behind Evan Fournier's team high (28 points), France once again defeated the United States 83–76. After the solid victory, France would make it all the way to the semi-finals to meet the surprise team of the competition to that point, in Luka Dončić and Slovenia. With a place into the gold medal game on the line, Nicolas Batum's game saving block at the buzzer lifted France into the final 90–89. Although in a rematch with the United States, France would have to settle for silver, as the team would lose 82–87.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: During EuroBasket 2022 qualifying, France made it through with a (4–2) record, to clinch qualification to their 39th appearance to the Euro finals. After losing in their first match of Group B to Germany, France moved to (1–1), following a strong victory against rivals Lithuania 73–77. France would go on to win two of their last three group stage matches, to advance into the knockout phase. In the Round of 16, France survived an upset scare in overtime, from a feisty Turkish side 86–87. Entering the quarter-finals, France once again needed overtime to keep their title hopes alive, this time in a win against Italy 93–85. After cruising passed Poland in the semi-finals, France were back in the final of the EuroBasket for first time since 2013. However, the team saw its tournament journey end, falling to Spain 88–76.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: Roster for 2023 FIBA World Cup Qualifiers matches on 11 and 14 November 2022 against Lithuania and Bosnia and Herzegovina.


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Pierre Boël, 4 Robert Cohu, 5 Jacques Flouret, 6 Raoul Gouga, 7 Henri Hell, 8 Charles Hemmerlin, 9 Étienne Rolland, 10 Francis Rudler (Coach: Teddy Kriegk)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1 Pierre Boël, 2 Pierre Caque, 3 Georges Carrier, 4 Robert Cohu, 5 Jean Couturier, 6 Jacques Flouret, 7 Edmond Leclerc, 8 Étienne Onimus, 9 Fernand Prudhomme, 10 Étienne Rolland, 11 Lucien Thèze (Coach: Teddy Kriegk)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Pierre Boël, 4 Robert Cohu, 5 Jacques Flouret, 6 Henri Hell, 7 Edmond Leclerc, 8 Henri Lesmayoux, 9 Fernand Prudhomme, 10 Étienne Rolland, 11 Eugene Ronner, 12 Marcel Verot (Coach: Henri Kretzschmar)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Vladimir Fabrikant, 4 Henri Lesmayoux, 5 Fernand Prudhomme, 6 Jean Jeammes, 7 Étienne Rolland, 8 Émile Frézot, 9 Alexandre Katlama, 10 Robert Cohu, 11 Maurice Mertz, 12 Abel Gravier, 13 Robert Busnel, 14 André Ambroise, 15 Gabriel Gonnet, 16 Gaston Falleur (Coach: Paul Geist)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 André Buffière, 4 Jean Duperray, 5 Robert Busnel, 6 Jacques Perrier, 7 Andre Tartary, 8 Justy Specker, 9 Lucien Rebuffic, 10 Paul Chaumont, 11 Henri Lesmayoux, 12 Émile Frézot, 13 Étienne Rolland, 14 René Chocat, 15 André Goeuriot, 16 Maurice Girardot (Coach: Paul Geist)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 André Goeuriot, 4 Jean Duperray, 5 Robert Busnel, 6 Émile Frézot, 7 Pierre Thiolon, 8 Jacques Perrier, 9 René Chocat, 10 Fernand Guillou, 11 Jacques Favory, 12 Marcel Béziers, 13 Aimé Gravas, 14 Maurice Girardot, 15 Henri Lesmayoux, 16 Jacques Faucherre (Coach: Michael Rutzgis)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 André Buffière, 4 René Dérency, 5 Pierre Thiolon, 6 Jacques Perrier, 7 René Chocat, 8 Raymond Offner, 9 André Even, 10 Maurice Desaymonnet, 11 Fernand Guillou, 12 Michel Bonnevie, 13 Maurice Girardot, 14 Lucien Rebuffic, 15 Yvan Quénin, 16 André Barrais (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 André Buffière, 4 Jean Perniceni, 5 Jacques Freimuller, 6 Jean Swidzinski, 7 René Chocat, 8 Jean-Pierre Salignon, 9 Marc Quiblier, 10 Robert Busnel, 11 Jacques Dessemme, 12 André Vacheresse, 13 Louis Devoti, 14 Maurice Desaymonnet, 15 Jacques Favory, 16 Fernand Guillou (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Jacques Perrier, 4 Jean Swidzinski, 5 Jean Perniceni, 6 Fernand Guillou, 7 Robert Marsolat, 8 Jean-Pierre Salignon, 9 Maurice Marcelot, 10 Maurice Desaymonnet, 11 Jacques Dessemme, 12 André Vacheresse, 13 Jacques Chalifour, 15 Robert Monclar (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 André Vacheresse, 4 Pierre Thiolon, 5 Marc Quiblier, 6 Louis Devoti, 7 Jacques Freimuller, 8 Jean-Pierre Salignon, 9 Justy Specker, 10 René Chocat, 11 Jacques Dessemme, 12 André Buffière, 13 Robert Guillin, 14 Marc Peirone, 15 Robert Monclar, 16 Jean Perniceni (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Roger Haudegand, 4 Bernard Planque, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 René Chocat, 7 Jean Perniceni, 8 Louis Devoti, 9 Robert Guillin, 10 Robert Crost, 11 Jacques Dessemme, 12 André Buffière, 13 André Vacheresse, 14 André Chavet, 15 Jean-Pierre Salignon, 16 Jean-Paul Beugnot (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Jacques Freimuller, 4 Bernard Planque, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 Claude Gallay, 7 Jean Perniceni, 8 Roger Haudegand, 9 Robert Guillin, 10 René Chocat, 11 Jacques Dessemme, 12 André Buffière, 13 André Vacheresse, 14 Henri Rey, 15 Marc Quiblier, 16 Justy Specker (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Roger Haudegand, 4 Robert Zagury, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 Jacques Freimuller, 7 Jean Perniceni, 8 Henri Rey, 9 Roger Antoine, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Jacques Dessemme, 12 André Buffière, 13 Louis Bertorelle, 14 Jean-Paul Beugnot, 15 André Schlupp, 16 Yves Gominon (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Gérard Pontais, 4 Bernard Planque, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 Jacques Freimuller, 7 Jean Perniceni, 8 Henri Rey, 9 Jacques Owen, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Maurice Marcelot, 12 André Buffière, 13 André Vacheresse, 14 Jean-Paul Beugnot, 15 Louis Bertorelle, 16 Robert Giraud (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Roger Haudegand, 4 Christian Baltzer, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 Roger Veyron, 7 Gérard Sturla, 8 Henri Rey, 9 Roger Antoine, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Yves Gominon, 12 Maurice Buffière, 13 André Schlupp, 14 Jean-Paul Beugnot (Coach: Robert Busnel)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Louis Bertorelle, 4 Christian Baltzer, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 Maurice Buffière, 7 Gérard Sturla, 8 Roger Guillaume, 9 Roger Antoine, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Bernard Mayeur, 12 Roger Veyron, 13 Claude Desseaux, 14 Jean-Claude Lefebvre (Coach: André Buffière)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Max Dorigo, 4 André Chavet, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 Christian Baltzer, 7 Lucien Sedat, 8 Henri Villecourt, 9 Jérôme Christ, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Bernard Mayeur, 12 Michel Rat, 13 Philippe Baillet, 14 Jean-Claude Lefebvre (Coach: André Buffière)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 3 Henri Villecourt, 4 Max Dorigo, 5 Robert Monclar, 6 Jérôme Christ, 7 Jean Degros, 8 Christian Baltzer, 9 Roger Antoine, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Bernard Mayeur, 12 Jean-Paul Beugnot, 13 Philippe Baillet, 14 Louis Bertorelle (Coach: André Buffière)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Lucien Sedat, 5 Jean-Pierre Goisbault, 6 Jérôme Christ, 7 Michel Housse, 9 Michel Le Ray, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Bernard Mayeur, 12 Jean-Paul Beugnot, 13 Christian Baltzer, 14 André Souvré, 15 Jean-Claude Vergne, 16 Michel Rat (Coach: André Buffière)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Max Dorigo, 5 Jean-Daniel Vinson, 6 Alain Gilles, 7 Jean Degros, 8 Christian Baltzer, 9 Michel Le Ray, 10 Henri Grange, 11 Bernard Mayeur, 12 Jean-Baptiste Ré, 13 Michel Rat, 14 Raphaël Ruiz, 15 Jean-Claude Lefebvre (Coach: André Buffière)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Michel Rat, 5 Claude Marc, 6 Jean-Claude Bonato, 7 Jean Degros, 8 Christian Baltzer, 9 Jacques Caballé, 10 Jean-Pierre Goisbault, 11 Alain Gilles, 12 Jean-Baptiste Ré, 13 Michel Audureau, 14 Philippe Baillet, 15 Jean-Claude Lefebvre (Coach: André Buffière)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Gérard Capron, 5 Laurent Dorigo, 6 Alain Gilles, 7 Jean Degros, 8 Hubert Papin, 9 Michel Le Ray, 10 Ferruccio Biasucci, 11 Daniel Ledent, 12 Jean-Marie Jouaret, 13 Maurice Boulois, 14 Jean-Claude Bonato, 15 Alain Schol (Coach: Joë Jaunay)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Francis Schneider, 5 Charles Tassin, 6 Alain Gilles, 7 Jean Degros, 8 Alain Schol, 9 Michel Le Ray, 10 Jean-Claude Bonato, 11 Jean-Pierre Staelens, 12 Michel Longueville, 13 Gérard Lespinasse, 14 Claude Peter, 15 Alain Durand (Coach: Joë Jaunay)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Daniel Ledent, 5 Charles Tassin, 6 Alain Gilles, 7 Carlo Wilm, 8 Claude Gasnal, 9 Bernard Magnin, 10 Jean-Claude Bonato, 11 Jean-Pierre Staelens, 12 Michel Longueville, 13 Gérard Lespinasse, 14 Jacques Cachemire, 15 Alain Durand (Coach: Joë Jaunay)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Pierre Galle, 5 Daniel Ledent, 6 Jean-Michel Sénégal, 7 Charles Tassin, 8 Yves-Marie Vérove, 9 Jean-Louis Vacher, 10 Jean-Claude Bonato, 11 Firmin Onissah, 12 Claude Gasnal, 13 Jacques Cachemire, 14 Jacky Lamothe, 15 Patrick Demars (Coach: Joë Jaunay)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Barry White, 5 Jean-Louis Vacher, 6 Alain Gilles, 7 Alain Larrouquis, 8 Alain Durand, 9 Didier Dobbels, 10 Mathieu Bisséni, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Jacky Lamothe, 13 Jacques Cachemire, 14 Éric Beugnot, 15 Roger Duquesnoy (Coach: Pierre Dao)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Victor Boistol, 5 Jean-Michel Sénégal, 6 Saint-Ange Vebobe, 7 Jacques Monclar, 8 Bill Cain, 9 George Brosterhous, 10 Mathieu Bisséni, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Jacky Lamothe, 13 Jacques Cachemire, 14 Éric Beugnot, 15 Apollo Faye (Coach: Pierre Dao)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Patrick Cham, 5 Jean-Michel Sénégal, 6 Frédéric Hufnagel, 7 Jacques Monclar, 8 Philippe Szanyiel, 9 Didier Dobbels, 10 Richard Dacoury, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Jacky Lamothe, 13 Jacques Cachemire, 14 Éric Beugnot, 15 Jean-Luc Deganis (Coach: Pierre Dao)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Alain Larrouquis, 5 Jean-Michel Sénégal, 6 Richard Dacoury, 7 Jacques Monclar, 8 Philippe Szanyiel, 9 George Brosterhous, 10 Apollo Faye, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Daniel Haquet, 13 Jacques Cachemire, 14 Éric Beugnot, 15 Georges Vestris (Coach: Pierre Dao)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Grégor Beugnot, 5 Jean-Michel Sénégal, 6 Richard Dacoury, 7 Jacques Monclar, 8 Philippe Szanyiel, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Jean-Luc Deganis, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Patrick Cham, 13 Bangaly Kaba, 14 Éric Beugnot, 15 Georges Vestris (Coach: Jean Luent)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Frédéric Hufnagel, 5 Franck Cazalon, 6 Patrick Cham, 7 Jacques Monclar, 8 Philippe Szanyiel, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Christophe Grégoire, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Daniel Haquet, 13 Christian Garnier, 14 Jean-Louis Hersin, 15 Valéry Demory (Coach: Jean Luent)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Frédéric Hufnagel, 5 Valéry Demory, 6 Patrick Cham, 7 Jacques Monclar, 8 Richard Dacoury, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Christian Garnier, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Daniel Haquet, 13 Jean-Luc Deganis, 14 Éric Beugnot, 15 Georges Vestris (Coach: Jean Galle)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Frédéric Hufnagel, 5 Valéry Demory, 6 Patrick Cham, 7 Richard Dacoury, 8 Frédéric Monetti, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Pierre Bressant, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Jean-Louis Hersin, 13 Jean-Luc Deganis, 14 Éric Beugnot, 15 Georges Vestris (Coach: Jean Galle)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Frédéric Forte, 5 Jim Bilba, 6 Grégor Beugnot, 7 Richard Dacoury, 8 Stéphane Lauvergne, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Éric Occansey, 11 Hervé Dubuisson, 12 Patrick Cham, 13 Skeeter Jackson, 14 Franck Butter, 15 Georges Vestris (Coach: Francis Jordane)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Frédéric Forte, 5 Valéry Demory, 6 Antoine Rigaudeau, 7 Richard Dacoury, 8 Philippe Szanyiel, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Hugues Occansey, 11 Didier Gadou, 12 Félix Courtinard, 13 Georges Adams, 14 Jim Deines, 15 Jim Bilba (Coach: Francis Jordane)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Frédéric Forte, 5 Olivier Allinéi, 6 Christophe Soulé, 7 Stéphane Risacher, 8 Yann Bonato, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Bruno Coqueran, 11 Antoine Rigaudeau, 12 Félix Courtinard, 13 Georges Adams, 14 Thierry Gadou, 15 Jim Bilba (Coach: Francis Jordane)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Frédéric Forte, 5 Moustapha Sonko, 6 Antoine Rigaudeau, 7 Bruno Hamm, 8 Yann Bonato, 9 Stéphane Ostrowski, 10 Hugues Occansey, 11 Thierry Gadou, 12 Didier Gadou, 13 Franck Butter, 14 Jim Bilba, 15 Frédéric Domon (Coach: Michel Gomez)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Laurent Pluvy, 5 Jérôme Moïso, 6 Fabien Dubos, 7 Laurent Foirest, 8 Yann Bonato, 9 Frédéric Fauthoux, 10 Stéphane Risacher, 11 Thierry Gadou, 12 Cyril Julian, 13 Georges Adams, 14 Laurent Sciarra, 15 Rémi Rippert (Coach: Jean-Pierre de Vincenzi)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Moustapha Sonko, 5 Alain Digbeu, 6 Antoine Rigaudeau, 7 Laurent Foirest, 8 Laurent Sciarra, 9 Tariq Abdul-Wahad, 10 Stéphane Risacher, 11 Thierry Gadou, 12 Cyril Julian, 13 Frédéric Weis, 14 Jim Bilba, 15 Ronnie Smith (Coach: Jean-Pierre de Vincenzi)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Moustapha Sonko, 5 Laurent Sciarra, 6 Antoine Rigaudeau, 7 Laurent Foirest, 8 Yann Bonato, 9 Makan Dioumassi, 10 Stéphane Risacher, 11 Thierry Gadou, 12 Cyril Julian, 13 Crawford Palmer, 14 Jim Bilba, 15 Frédéric Weis (Coach: Jean-Pierre de Vincenzi)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Éric Micoud, 5 Laurent Sciarra, 6 Tony Parker, 7 Laurent Foirest, 8 Alain Digbeu, 9 Makan Dioumassi, 10 Stéphane Risacher, 11 Vassil Evtimov, 12 Cyril Julian, 13 Crawford Palmer, 14 Jim Bilba, 15 Frédéric Weis (Coach: Alain Weisz)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Moustapha Sonko, 5 Tariq Abdul-Wahad, 6 Jérôme Moïso, 7 Laurent Foirest, 8 Alain Digbeu, 9 Tony Parker, 10 Makan Dioumassi, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Cyril Julian, 13 Boris Diaw, 14 Thierry Rupert, 15 Ronny Turiaf (Coach: Alain Weisz)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 , 5 Mickaël Gelabale, 6 Antoine Rigaudeau, 7 Cyril Julian, 8 Mickaël Piétrus, 9 Tony Parker, 10 Mamoutou Diarra, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 , 13 Boris Diaw, 14 Frédéric Weis, 15 (Coach: Claude Bergeaud)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Joseph Gomis, 5 Mickaël Gelabale, 6 Aymeric Jeanneau, 7 Laurent Foirest, 8 Mickaël Piétrus, 9 Mamoutou Diarra, 10 Yannick Bokolo, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Johan Petro, 13 Boris Diaw, 14 Ronny Turiaf, 15 Frédéric Weis (Coach: Claude Bergeaud)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Joseph Gomis, 5 Pape Badiane, 6 , 7 Yohann Sangaré, 8 Yakhouba Diawara, 9 Tony Parker, 10 , 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Tariq Kirksay, 13 Boris Diaw, 14 Ronny Turiaf, 15 Frédéric Weis (Coach: Claude Bergeaud)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Antoine Diot, 5 Nicolas Batum, 6 Aymeric Jeanneau, 7 Alain Koffi, 8 Ian Mahinmi, 9 Tony Parker, 10 Yannick Bokolo, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw, 14 Ronny Turiaf, 15 Ali Traoré (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Andrew Albicy, 5 Nicolas Batum, 6 Fabien Causeur, 7 Alain Koffi, 8 Ian Mahinmi, 9 Edwin Jackson, 10 Yannick Bokolo, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw, 14 Mickaël Gelabale, 15 Ali Traoré (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Joakim Noah, 5 Nicolas Batum, 6 Kevin Séraphin, 7 Andrew Albicy, 8 Charles Lombahe-Kahudi, 9 Tony Parker, 10 Ali Traoré, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw (C), 14 Steed Tchicamboud, 15 Mickaël Gelabale (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Kevin Seraphin, 5 Nicolas Batum, 6 Fabien Causeur, 7 Yakhouba Diawara, 8 Ali Traore, 9 Tony Parker, 10 Yannick Bokolo, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw (C), 14 Ronny Turiaf, 15 Mickaël Gelabale (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Joffrey Lauvergne, 5 Nicolas Batum, 6 Antoine Diot, 7 Johan Petro, 8 Charles Lombahe-Kahudi, 9 Tony Parker (MVP), 10 Thomas Heurtel, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw (C), 14 Alexis Ajinça, 15 Mickaël Gelabale (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Thomas Heurtel, 5 Nicolas Batum, 6 Antoine Diot, 7 Joffrey Lauvergne, 8 Charles Lombahe-Kahudi, 9 Edwin Jackson, 10 Evan Fournier, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Rudy Gobert, 13 Boris Diaw (C), 14 Kim Tillie, 15 Mickaël Gelabale (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Léo Westermann, 5 Nicolas Batum, 7 Joffrey Lauvergne, 8 Charles Lombahe-Kahudi, 9 Tony Parker, 10 Evan Fournier, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw (C), 15 Mickaël Gelabale, 16 Rudy Gobert, 19 Mouhammadou Jaiteh (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 4 Thomas Heurtel, 5 Nicolas Batum, 6 Antoine Diot, 7 Joffrey Lauvergne, 8 Charles Lombahe-Kahudi, 9 Tony Parker, 11 Florent Piétrus, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw (C), 15 Mickaël Gelabale, 16 Rudy Gobert, 17 Kim Tillie (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1 Kevin Séraphin, 4 Thomas Heurtel, 6 Antoine Diot, 7 Joffrey Lauvergne, 10 Evan Fournier, 12 Nando de Colo, 13 Boris Diaw (C),<br>15 Léo Westermann, 17 Vincent Poirier, 25 Louis Labeyrie, 33 Axel Toupane, 91 Edwin Jackson (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1 Frank Ntilikina, 2 Amath M'Baye, 5 Nicolas Batum (C), 10 Evan Fournier, 12 Nando de Colo, 17 Vincent Poirier, 21 Andrew Albicy,<br>25 Louis Labeyrie, 26 Mathias Lessort, 27 Rudy Gobert, 33 Axel Toupane, 90 Paul Lacombe (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 1 Frank Ntilikina, 3 Timothé Luwawu-Cabarrot, 4 Thomas Heurtel, 5 Nicolas Batum (C), 7 Guerschon Yabusele, 10 Evan Fournier,<br>12 Nando de Colo, 17 Vincent Poirier, 21 Andrew Albicy, 27 Rudy Gobert, 28 Petr Cornelie, 93 Moustapha Fall (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: France men's national basketball team

text: 0 Élie Okobo, 2 Amath M'Baye, 3 Timothé Luwawu-Cabarrot, 4 Thomas Heurtel, 7 Guerschon Yabusele, 10 Evan Fournier (C),<br>11 Théo Maledon, 17 Vincent Poirier, 21 Andrew Albicy, 22 Terry Tarpey, 27 Rudy Gobert, 93 Moustapha Fall (Coach: Vincent Collet)


title: Triller (app)

text: Triller is an American video-sharing social networking service. The service allows users to create and share short-form videos, including videos set to, or automatically synchronized to music using artificial intelligence technology. Triller was released for iOS and Android in 2015, and initially operated as a video editing app before adding social networking features.


title: Triller (app)

text: In mid-2020, the app gained prominence in India and the United States as a competitor to the similar Chinese-owned app TikTok, after the service was banned in India, and faced the threat of a ban in the U.S. Triller later expanded into sports promotion, distributing pay-per-view boxing events between Mike Tyson and Roy Jones Jr. and Jake Paul and Ben Askren, both incorporating appearances by internet, sports, music, and entertainment personalities.


title: Triller (app)

text: Triller was launched in 2015 by co-founders David Leiberman and Sammy Rubin. The app was originally positioned as a video editor, using artificial intelligence to automatically edit distinct clips into music videos. They later launched Triller Famous, a page within the app that featured curated selections of user videos. In 2016, the app was converted into a social networking service by allowing users to follow each other and share their videos publicly. In 2019, Ryan Kavanaugh's Proxima Media made a majority investment. It is headquartered in Los Angeles, California, and is currently led by CEO Mahi de Silva.


title: Triller (app)

text: On June 29, 2020, Government of India banned TikTok, among other apps stating that they were "prejudicial to [the] sovereignty and integrity" of India. Triller, which had planned to enter into the Indian market by the end of 2020, saw a spike from less than 1 million users to over 30 million users in the country overnight. In July 2020, Triller sued ByteDance, the Chinese parent company of TikTok, for infringing patents relating to video editing.


title: Triller (app)

text: In August 2020, U.S. president Donald Trump signed an executive order which threatened to ban TikTok from operating within the United States, citing threats to national security, unless it was sold by ByteDance. The Trump administration stated that TikTok had until November 12, 2020, to assure the administration that the app did not pose any national security threats to the U.S. Following this order and news of possible purchases of TikTok's American operations by companies such as Oracle, Triller jumped from number 198 to number one in the App Store in the U.S., while TikTok dropped down to number three. The discussions surrounding TikTok's potential ban in the United States caused popular TikTok stars, including Charli D’Amelio and her family, to join Triller. Trump joined Triller himself and posted his first video on August 15, 2020. The video received over a million views within hours.


title: Triller (app)

text: In August 2020, Triller partnered with B2B music company 7digital, which will provide Triller with access to its catalogue of 80 million tracks and automatically report usage data to Sony Music, Warner Music Group, Universal Music Group and Merlin Network. On October 2, 2020, Triller signed licensing deals with the rights societies PRS for Music, GEMA, STIM and IMRO, and the publishers Concord, Downtown and Peermusic.


title: Triller (app)

text: On February 5, 2021, Universal Music Group removed its catalogue from Triller, citing unpaid music royalties. On March 24, 2021, Triller signed a licensing agreement with the National Music Publishers' Association.


title: Triller (app)

text: The Triller app allows users to create music videos, skits, and lip-sync videos containing background music. The app's spotlight feature is its special auto-editing tool, which uses artificial intelligence to automatically stitch separate video clips together without the user having to do it themselves. The separate video clips are created to the same background music, but users are able to shoot multiple takes with different filters or edits each time. Once the auto-editing tool stitches the individual clips together, users can rearrange and replace clips as desired. Users can also customize videos by applying filters and text.


title: Triller (app)

text: When creating a video, users can choose to make a "music video" or a "social video". A "music video" allows users to add music and trim the audio to personal preference. Unlike the music video option, a "social video" does not require the user to add music in the background. The app's auto-editing tool is only used when making music videos, as it uses the background track to help arrange and synchronize the clips. Users can also link their accounts with Apple Music or Spotify to integrate their playlists.


title: Triller (app)

text: Incomplete videos that are yet to be shared appear in a user's "Projects" folder. Once finalized, a video can be shared with other users of the app or through social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WhatsApp, and YouTube. Any video on Triller can also be downloaded or shared through links, text messages, or direct messaging to other users within the app.


title: Triller (app)

text: The app is divided into three video feeds, consisting of videos from creators that the user follows, the "Social" feed (which showcases trending videos and those by verified users), and the "Music" feed (which exclusively features music videos).


title: Triller (app)

text: Triller accounts can be made either public or private. When the account is public, any user can view the videos on that account. When the account is private, only approved users can view the videos on that account. Users with private accounts can change the privacy settings of individual videos on their accounts from private to public, making the selected videos viewable to anyone on the app. In accordance with online child privacy laws in the United States, children under the age of 13 must receive parental consent in order to create an account on Triller.