title: Kirsty Young

text: In June 2006, Young was announced as the new presenter of the long-running BBC Radio 4 programme "Desert Island Discs", replacing Sue Lawley; she began on 1 October 2006. According to the odds given by bookmaker William Hill she was an outsider for the job at 20/1. She returned to Five News on 28 September 2006, but in 2007, Young announced that she would be leaving Channel 5 News in the autumn, following ten years as its head anchor since the programme's inception on the same day as Channel 5's launch (30 March), a decade earlier. On 29 August 2007, she presented her last show.


title: Kirsty Young

text: On 29 September, a month after leaving Channel 5 - the BBC announced Young would succeed Fiona Bruce as the presenter of "Crimewatch". She presented the show from January 2008 until December 2015.


title: Kirsty Young

text: From 11 January 2010 she presented a four-part BBC TV series entitled "The British Family". In March–April 2011, she presented the TV series "The British at Work".


title: Kirsty Young

text: On 31 August 2018 it was announced that Young would be stepping down from "Desert Island Discs" "for a number of months" to receive treatment for a form of fibromyalgia, and that Lauren Laverne would deputise during this period. In July 2019, Young announced that she was to stand down as the host of "Desert Island Discs", saying: "Having been forced to take some months away from my favourite job because of health problems, I'm happy to say I'm now well on the way to feeling much better. But that enforced absence from the show has altered my perspective on what I should do next and so I've decided it's time to pursue new challenges". The BBC's Director of Radio and Education, James Purnell, called Young a "wonderful host". It was confirmed that Lauren Laverne of Radio 6 Music would be continuing in Young's role "for the foreseeable future".


title: Kirsty Young

text: Young and her husband purchased Inchconnachan, an island on Loch Lomond, with the intention of building holiday lets on the island. The island has been the home of a colony of wild wallabies who have lived on the island for 80 years, having first been introduced in the 1940s. To make way for the holiday lets, Young and her husband are considering relocating the wallabies though this has seen some opposition. The island is an area of Special Scientific Interest and conservation area.


title: Kirsty Young

text: On 2 June 2022, Young presented "Platinum Beacons: Lighting up the Jubilee"; BBC One's live coverage of the lighting of more than 1,500 beacons to celebrate the Queen's 70-year reign.


title: Kirsty Young

text: Young fronted the later part of the BBC's television coverage of the state funeral of Elizabeth II at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle on 19 September 2022. She received praise for her closing monologue at the end of the broadcast.


title: Kirsty Young

text: Young is married to businessman Nick Jones, the founder of Soho House club. She has two daughters with Jones and two stepchildren, Jones' children from his first marriage.


title: Kirsty Young

text: In October 2019 she was appointed as a Director of Sussex Royal, "The Foundation of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex" and served until the Foundation was dissolved in July 2020.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Richard B. Riddick, more commonly known as Riddick, is a fictional character and the antiheroic protagonist of the "Chronicles of Riddick" series, including the animated short movie "Dark Fury" and the video games "" and "". Actor Vin Diesel has played the title role in all of the Riddick-based films and video games thus far.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Within the canon of the series, Riddick is shown to have a vast number of skills, which include great mobility, stealth, killing abilities, survival in harsh conditions, prison-breaking, and piloting. Despite his criminal nature and background, he is sometimes shown to perform moral or even atypically heroic actions, usually against his own better judgment and survivalist nature.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Riddick is Furyan, a member of a warrior race of adapted humans obliterated by a military campaign that left his home planet of Furya desolate and is one of the last of his kind. One of his most defining features are his eyes, a characteristic inherent in a certain caste of his species (the Alpha-Furyans), although he implies in "Pitch Black" that they were "shined" by a back-alley surgical operation. This allows him to see clearly in the dark, but also makes him vulnerable to strong light; he wears tinted welding goggles for protection.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Riddick's middle initial stands for Brian. This is a possible allusion to the character Brian O'Connor from the Fast and Furious series. But the two are non-canonically in a shared universe.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Riddick was born on Furya. Before Riddick's birth, a Necromonger officer named Zhylaw (who would eventually become the Lord Marshall) consulted an Elemental seer, who told him that a Furyan male would be born that would be responsible for his downfall. This prompted Zhylaw to attack Furya and attempt to massacre all male children, going so far as to personally strangle newborn infants with their own umbilical cords. Riddick was among those presumably strangled, but he survived.


title: Riddick (character)

text: In later life, Riddick repressed his memories of Furya, including those of the massacre. He came to believe that when he was born, his mother attempted to strangle him and left him in a trash bin behind a liquor store. Despite this, he periodically received visions and messages from a Furyan survivor named Shirah, which he thought were signs of mental instability.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Little is known about Riddick's childhood, save that he had no formal education and seemed to have been in trouble with the law from an early age. He claims to have been "educated" in the penal system.


title: Riddick (character)

text: In the premiere installment in the franchise, Riddick is introduced as a notorious convict en route to a penal institution with his captor, a bounty hunter named William J. Johns. By impersonating a cop and traveling with a group of settlers aboard the nondescript transport cruiser "Hunter Gratzner", Johns hopes to safely convey Riddick back to a prison colony and collect the outlaw's enormous bounty. However, the ship inadvertently passes through a comet's tail while on autopilot, forcing it to crash land on an unknown planet with three suns. Soon the survivors find themselves fighting for their lives against a predatory species called Bio-Raptors, and by the end of the film there are only three survivors: Riddick, a young girl called Jack, and Imam.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Shortly after escaping the planet from "Pitch Black", Riddick, Jack, and the Imam are picked up by a Mercenary spacecraft. Although Riddick attempts to conceal his identity from the mercenaries by impersonating William J. Johns (in "Pitch Black") over the intercom, they quickly voiceprint and identify him.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Captured by the mercenaries, the trio of survivors discover that their captors have unusual plans for Riddick. The ship's owner, Antonia Chillingsworth, collects criminals, whom she freezes and keeps as statues that are, in her view, art. Although the criminals are frozen, they are alive and conscious. To her Riddick is the ultimate "masterpiece" for her collection. Riddick, Jack, and Imam must fight their way through the army of human and alien creatures at her disposal or they will meet a fate crueler than death. Once they have killed most of the mercs on the ship, the trio takes one of Antonia's shuttles and head for New Mecca (although at one point the navicomp shows a potential course for Furya), where Riddick leaves them before heading for the planet UV 6.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Five years later, Riddick has remained in hiding on an Arctic planet called U.V. for its harsh ultraviolet light. Meanwhile, Imam, learning that his own planet, Helion Prime, will be invaded by the twisted religious crusade of the Necromongers, recalls the story Riddick told him of his Furyan origins, and betrays Riddick's location to the Helion Prime leaders. Initially, Riddick is reluctant to become involved in the struggle between the Necromongers and the world they seek to conquer. But when Imam is killed, Riddick sets out on a mission to avenge him, eventually overthrowing the Lord Marshal (with help from Jack) and inheriting his office.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Dissatisfied with his role as Lord Marshal, Riddick attempts to find Furya, but is instead abandoned on a desolate planet. After spending some time on this world, Riddick finds that he will soon be overtaken by a vicious storm that provides cover for countless predators. Using the communication system from a mercenary outpost, Riddick lures two ships to the planet, intending to commandeer one of them; but his plan is complicated when he finds that one of the arriving mercenaries is the father of his old enemy, Johns the bounty hunter. Riddick uses the approaching storm to force the mercenaries to cooperate, but he is left surrounded by enemies and nearly killed. To his surprise, the elder Johns rescues him and allows him to leave. Riddick praises Johns for being a better man than his son.


title: Riddick (character)

text: According to Riddick, while in Butcher Bay he received eye surgery (a "surgical shine job", as he calls it) from a doctor who gave him permanent night vision in exchange for "20 menthol KOOLs". The surgery made his eyes more sensitive to normal light, requiring him to wear welding goggles to protect them (although he has also been shown without the goggles in a regularly illuminated room).


title: Riddick (character)

text: In the flash movie on the Pitchblack.com website, Riddick gets the eye-shine to give him more of an advantage following an encounter with humanoids called "shiners". Referring to Riddick as "darkeye", they have had the same operation to see in the dark bowels of the Ursa Luna prison where the guards do not tend to go. The eye-shine surgery seems to be performed by a bovine veterinarian on board a prison facility where Riddick arrived only a few hours before and from which he is already in the process of escaping. Riddick elects to have no anesthetic, despite the procedure involving cutting the cornea and drilling through the eye to inject a reflective substance behind the retina. The cost quoted to Riddick is 1000 creds. Having no cash, Riddick offers down payment of a pack of Kool cigarettes which he earlier took from a guard. He also takes some welder's goggles from the facility.


title: Riddick (character)

text: The video game, "" (which serves as a prequel to "Pitch Black"), clarifies that Riddick's eyeshine is more than just something he picked up in a prison. After helping a character called "Pope Joe" retrieve his "blessed voice box", a radio that picks up religious programming (including a Necromonger Talk Show), Riddick goes into a den to get stitches for an injury. After he is finished receiving stitches, Joe tells him how to escape, and, perhaps coincidentally, warns Riddick not to "trust [his] eyes"; at that moment, a ghostly voice informs Riddick that he has "been blind for far too long..." and that he is to receive a gift. It is at this moment that Riddick receives his eyeshine. The mysterious voice belongs to a character named "Shirah", who appears to serve as a sort of spiritual guide to Riddick, helping him awaken the Furyan abilities that lie dormant within him. In the "Chronicles of Riddick" film, Jack/Kyra angrily tells Riddick that when she was sent to prison, she found out that it is impossible to find anyone who can perform a "surgical shine job" at any price and accuses him of lying about how he received his night vision.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Light amplification surgery, somewhat similar in effect to Riddick's eyeshine, has been patented in real life.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Aside from helping Riddick unlock his eyeshine, the character Shirah also either allows or helps Riddick discover his ability to unleash a sort of energy wave. It is shown in the director's cut of "The Chronicles of Riddick" after she lays her hand on Riddick's chest, leaving a glowing blue handprint, and says, "this mark carries the anger of an entire race... but it's going to hurt". After either receiving a shot from Vaako's energy handgun or a fraction of a second before the discharge of said weapon, she immediately emits a large blast of blue energy from Riddick (or Riddick himself does so with her guidance), leaving the group of surrounding Necromongers dead. This ability is also displayed off screen in "".


title: Riddick (character)

text: Aside from his more supernatural skills, Riddick is in superlative physical condition and is an exceptional fighter with or without the use of his eyes. Whether as a result of his Furyan heritage or simply training, Riddick is stronger, faster, more agile, tougher, more resistant to damage and injury, possessing more acute senses, immense stamina, and superior healing when compared to most humans; he is shown on more than one occasion dislocating his limbs for brief moments with only slight signs of discomfort, although he was in more obvious pain when his leg was broken in a fall, and had to use a heated rock to cauterize a wound when he was impaled in the chest by a creature's sharpened tooth. In general, Riddick possesses an abnormally high threshold of pain and psychologically channels what pain he does feel into anger. His ability to cope with toxins is also heightened; when a merc team was attempting to take him out with horse tranquilizers, it took four darts just to make Riddick stop running, and he still remained conscious until he was hit in the head. His ability to cope with pain, stress and situational panic is most likely the main reason behind his success, which combined with his sharp intelligence gives Riddick the ability to escape from any situation.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Riddick's abilities at hand-to-hand combat is a mix of Krav Maga, Hapkido, Eskrima, and Ninjutsu; he uses his formidable fighting skills while confronting one of the night-creatures of "Pitch Black" with only a shiv he had made, killing it with relative ease, as well as defeating one of the Lord Marshal's best Necromonger warriors in a matter of seconds in "Chronicles". Also, he was able to hold off the Lord Marshal and even injure him which the Lord Marshal admitted hadn't happened in a long time. While Riddick was no match for him in speed, he was able to hold off the Lord Marshal for several minutes.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Despite his harsh upbringing and violent attitude, Riddick has been shown to have a certain knack for deduction, rapidly deducing what had happened to the original inhabitants of the mining base where he and the other crash survivors had been staying, as well as finding the creature's blind spot in "Pitch Black" and swiftly deducing what had caused the firefight between the Warden's and Toombs' men in "The Chronicles of Riddick". He has also been described as having "a knack for escape", surviving not only the Lord Marshall's purge of the Furyans when he was an infant but subsequently escaping from various prisons over the course of his life. He is also able to quickly judge the quality of, and find even seemingly minor flaws in most weaponry, down to very specific details. In one case, Riddick concluded that the prized dagger of a Necromonger was "a half gram too heavy on the back end" after an inspection lasting all of a couple of seconds, although the tone of voice in which he delivered this appraisal suggested pre-fight bravado rather than abstract fact. His only weakness (other than light sensitivity, leaving him in pain when in daylight without his goggles), as stated in the "Pitch Black" DVD, is his soft spot for children and anyone who really grows on him (those people become his friends), which resulted in his capture by the bounty hunter Johns (Cole Hauser). While he may be a ruthless killer, when necessary, Riddick has never been shown to kill anyone who was not actively trying to kill him first and has been known to help people in need only if they don't slow him down or make him vulnerable. The only exception to this was when, in "Pitch Black", he returned with Carolyn to help the others, after she pleaded with him. He also mentions on board the Dark Athena that people he helps often end up dead. In "The Chronicles of Riddick", he considered it an insult, when he discovered the bounty placed on him was around a million of the currency for most planets, and when Toombs has a small crew to capture him (it was originally four crew members, then it was five).


title: Riddick (character)

text: In addition to raw analytical power, Riddick is generally an astute judge of character, especially in the dark side of human nature. A killer himself and resident of several maximum-security facilities, he is often able to predict an individual's negative impulses before they act on them. He has been known to be surprised on occasion, such as when Carolyn Fry in "Pitch Black" altruistically gave up a fast escape to save Jack and Imam from the alien creatures. Riddick was also surprised when he underestimated Jack's (Kyra's) affection toward him between "Pitch Black" and "The Chronicles of Riddick", only learning of it after she had become a mercenary and resident of a maximum-security prison in order to see him once again. Otherwise, he correctly predicted which of the group in "Pitch Black" would turn on each other (in particular that Johns would try to double-cross Fry), and that the mercs and guards on Crematoria would turn on each other prior to his escape attempt. In "Riddick", he appeared pleasantly surprised to learn that Johns' father was a better man than his son, complimenting Johns' nerve when he came back to help Riddick when he didn't have to.


title: Riddick (character)

text: One major characteristic of Riddick is his indomitable will. Despite finding himself in situations where the odds of survival and/or escape would seem insurmountable, Riddick always pushes forward and never gives up. Faced with several creatures far more powerful than himself, or any human for that matter, he has shown himself to be capable of evading, killing, or even taming them. He has escaped out of prisons when most prisoners would resign themselves to captivity. When Riddick was mentally probed by the Quasi-Dead of the Necromongers, he not only resisted them, but also retaliated, the Quasi-Dead's containers actually exploding from the strain of trying to process Riddick. Given the Necromongers' apparent faith in and respect for the power of the Quasi-Dead, this is a very impressive feat. Perhaps even greater was his ability to resist the Lord Marshall's attempt to steal his soul. The one time his will seemed to waver was when Kyra was killed, sacrificing herself to save him and help him defeat the Lord Marshal, and even then, he channeled his loss into new strength.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Riddick is deadly with any weapon that he can get his hands on, but his weapon of choice is undoubtedly a knife. However, Riddick's most famous weapons are surely a pair of Ulak blades that he is seen using during his escape from Crematoria in "The Chronicles of Riddick".


title: Riddick (character)

text: He has also been known to use anything from Necromonger gravity rifles, teacups and anything in between. Riddick can also kill efficiently without using a weapon. In the second film, he used the knife he took from Irgun as his weapon during his fight with him and the Lord Marshall, killing both with it. The third film sees him predominately relying on a bone-sword he made from the remains of a creature he had killed.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Riddick's first appearance outside "Pitch Black" was a guest appearance and potential recruit in "Fallout Tactics". He appears in the game during a random special encounter, aptly titled "Pitch Black". Like his movie origin, Riddick is a stealth focused melee fighter with advanced hand-to-hand fighting skills and the ability to see in the dark.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Riddick has appeared as a playable character in the Xbox game "Deathrow". He is one of the final players available on the Convicts team and has the highest amount of strength and aggression of all recruitable Convict players, although he has the equal-lowest teamplay rating in the game.


title: Riddick (character)

text: Behind the scenes Richard B. Riddick first appeared in "Pitch Black: Slam City", a Shockwave prequel comic on the official "Pitch Black" website, one month before the release of the movie. In the film, and in all subsequent appearances the character has been portrayed by Vin Diesel.


title: Riddick (character)

text: In Jim and Ken Wheat's original script for "Pitch Black", the Riddick character was a woman named Taras Krieg.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: Pandaga Chesko () is a 2015 Indian Telugu-language action comedy film directed by Gopichand Malineni and produced by Paruchuri Kireeti on the United Movies banner. The film stars Ram, Rakul Preet Singh and Sonal Chauhan and Sampath Raj, Abhimanyu Singh, Sai Kumar, Adithya, Brahmanandam, Rao Ramesh, Pavitra Lokesh, Tejaswi Madivada, Vennela Kishore and Raghu Babu in other important roles. The story was penned by Veligonda Srinivas and the screenplay was provided by Kona Venkat and Anil Ravipudi, with the former writing the dialogues. S. Thaman composed the music, while Sameer Reddy and Gautham Raju handled the cinematography and editing of the film, respectively.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: The film is about a millionaire from Portugal who visits his family in India to resolve an old family issue. The film was officially launched on 17 May 2014 at Film Nagar in Hyderabad. The principal photography of the film started on 16 June 2014 at Hyderabad.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: The film released on May 29, 2015, to a mostly positive response and subsequently was a commercial success.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: Karthik Pothineni (Ram Pothineni) is a businessman who runs a Conglomerate in Portugal living with his mother Saraswati (Pavitra Lokesh), father (Rao Ramesh), brother-in-law and sister. He also employed his father, brother in law, and sister, keeping them on their toes to leave no stone unturned to take his company to greater heights. He meets another millionaire, Anushka (Sonal Chauhan), for a business proposal. She decides to propose Karthik for marriage as a calculated move for their business. She also has to tie the knot with an Indian, if she is to inherit her father's wealth. They get engaged, however, Karthik's family is disappointed by the proposal. One of Karthik's companies gets into legal trouble due to a case registered by The Green Army, headed by Divya (Rakul Preet Singh), against his factory, so he heads to India to sort out the issue.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: He tries hard to convince Divya to withdraw her case, but in vain. Despite being engaged to Anushka, Karthik goes to a great extent of trying to impress Divya. However, Karthik later reveals his actual purpose of coming to India, as he is the son of Bhupathi's sister, who has been staying away from her family for the past 25 years. Divya's father and his three brothers abandoned their respective wives and sent them back to their house to live with their own brother Sai Reddy (Sai Kumar), because he refused to marry Bhupathi's sister. However, this was actually a sacrifice made by Sai Reddy because Bhupathi's sister confessed that she was in love with someone else (Karthik's father).


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: As it turns out, Bhupathi's sister is none other than Saraswathi. After seeing the fight of Karthik in an attempt to save Divya from Bhupathi (Sampath Raj) and Sai Reddy's rival gang Shiva Reddy (Adithya), Bhupati meets Karthik for a marriage proposal with Divya. Karthik leaves for her village and secretly discloses his identity to Divya and Sai Reddy after he fools Bhupathi and his brothers by reuniting with their wives. Surprisingly, Anushka too arrives and thinks that it is her marriage. She irritates Divya and her family. Karthik makes Weekend Venkat Rao (Brahmanandam) think that Anushka will marry him if he marries Divya. Before the marriage day, a gangster named Shankar (Abhimanyu Singh) who was in love with Divya, sends men to kidnap her.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: Karthik takes up the chance and fools them to believe that Anushka is the bride. They kidnap Anushka and Venkat Rao. In anger that the time for the property is up, she forces Shankar to tie the mangalsutra and Venkat Rao escapes. Meanwhile, Shiva Reddy kidnap Divya in the temple. Karthik arrives and beats them up and convinces everybody to reunite with his mother and her family and marries Divya, bringing festival for the family. On their first night, Karthik and Divya are called by Anushka who in a money-minded manner says she married the gangster for the property, but was actually fooled by Karthik and Divya.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: In June 2013, reports emerged that Allu Arjun and Gopichand Malineni would be working together for a film which would be produced by Bandla Ganesh on the Parameswara Art Productions banner. However, in August 2013, it was reported that Dil Raju would produce the film on the Sri Venkateswara Creations banner. In September 2013, Kona Venkat confirmed that he would be penning the story and dialogue of the film. In a turn of events, Ram replaced Allu Arjun while Paruchuri Kireeti issued a press release that he would be producing the film on the United Movies banner. The film was titled as "Pandaga Chesko" in mid-February 2014. In early May 2014, the makers said that the film would be launched on 17 May 2014 and on the said date, the film was launched at Film Nagar in Hyderabad. S. Thaman composed the music while Arthur A. Wilson and Gautham Raju handled the cinematography and editing of the film respectively. The first look posters were unveiled on 14 January 2015 on the eve of Bhogi.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: It was said in mid-February 2014 that Ram would sport a new look in this film. After Ram was selected as the protagonist of the film, Hansika was selected as the heroine of the film in early March 2014. Jagapathi Babu was recruited as the antagonist of the film in early April 2014. In early May 2014, Hansika was replaced by Rakul Preet Singh because the former had a lack of dates to accommodate due to multiple projects in hand by then. At the same time, reports emerged that Catherine Tresa would be selected as the second heroine in the film. Later she clarified that the makers did approach her for the role of second heroine but she rejected the offer since she was concentrating on main leads only. In mid-May 2014, the first look of Ram in this film was released which featured him stylish costumes. Hyderabad based Telugu actress Priya was selected to play an important character role in the film. In mid-June 2014, it was revealed that Ram would play the role of an NRI who visits his ancestral village to spend some time with his family and Rakul Preet Singh would play his love interest. In the second week of July 2014, Sonal Chauhan was selected as the second heroine in this film. A few more stills of Ram were released on 29 July 2014 which received a positive response. Tejaswi Madivada was confirmed as a part of the film's cast in mid-November 2014. Later, Sonal Chauhan confirmed that she too would be seen as a NRI. She said that her characterization is very intense similar to the role Sridevi played in "Laadla". Abhimanyu Singh was signed for a parallel lead role alongside Ram and was paired with Sonal Chauhan. Rakul Preet said in an interview that she would be seen as an environmentalist in the film who takes herself too seriously.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: In early June 2014, the makers confirmed that the principal photography of the film would start on 12 June 2014. However, it started on 16 June 2014 at Hyderabad due to a delay in music sittings. After completion of the first schedule, the second schedule started on 14 July 2014 at Hyderabad where some key scenes were shot on Ram and Rakul Preet Singh. Days later, some scenes on Ram and Vennela Kishore were shot at Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. On 27 July 2014 Ram participated in an action sequence which was shot on a hilltop near Hyderabad. It was announced that on the schedule's completion in September 2014, the filming would continue in United States and the principal photography would end there on 15 November 2014. Meanwhile, the next schedule began on 15 August 2014.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: A romantic song and a few key scenes were shot in Pollachi in that schedule. That schedule ended on 22 August 2014 and a new schedule started at Pollachi. A few action sequences were shot under the supervision of Stun Shiva until 30 August 2014. With this, most of the film's shoot was completed. The film's team returned from Pollachi on 14 September 2014 and the next schedule started at Hyderabad on the next day. Sonal Chauhan joined the film's sets at Annapurna Studios on 29 October 2014. Few key scenes on Ram, Rakul Preet and Sonal Chauhan were shot at Ramoji Film City in mid-December 2014. Rakul Preet revealed in an interview that she would participate in the shoot of the film's climax at Samalkota after completing the climax shoot of "Shimla Mirchi".


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: The audio and theatrical trailer was launched on 1 May 2015 and the film was scheduled to release on 15 May 2015. However, the movie got a new release date as 29 May 2015.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: S. Thaman composed the music for this film marking his hat-trick collaboration with Gopichand Malineni. The music sittings started at Thaman's music studio in Chennai where Gopichand Malineni, Ram and lyricist Bhaskarabhatla were also present. In early June 2014, the makers informed to the media that the music sittings were still ongoing under the supervision of Thaman. The music sittings ended on 16 June 2014.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: The film released on 29 May 2015 worldwide. The film had a prerelease business of including AP, overseas, and the rest of India.


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: Idlebrain rated the film 3/5 and stated, "Pandaga Chesko is a film with good interval twist and some laughs here and there. Plus points of the movie are performance by Ram and family orientation. But, the story and scenes in the movie lack freshness. This movie has commercial entertainment and family emotions. The success of this movie depends on how family crowds embrace it!"


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: APToday rated it 2.75 out of 5 and stated, ""Pandaga Chesko" gives a deja vu feeling throughout the course of the movie. What works against the film is the fact that neither the story nor the format was chosen to narrate it is refreshing in any way. How long does this so-called Star Writers use the same old formula again and again? Wake up guys, It's never too late...!"


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: Filmibeat rated it 3/5 and stated, "The characters and the story leaves a sense of Deja Vu since you have seen them before in hundreds of films. But, what matters is how well the director blended it with entertainment. Gopichand Malineni succeeds in producing two hours of laugh riot and that's all it takes to make a successful film in Telugu. Watch Pandaga Chesko to experience a comedy festival."


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: "The Hindu" called it a formulaic film with a strong screenplay that brings laughter "at regular intervals".


title: Pandaga Chesko

text: "Pandaga Chesko" opened to occupancy ranging 65%-75% on its first day, collecting (share). On the second day, its collection dropped around to 20 per cent. The film collected approximately (share) on the second day. Its two-day global total collection stands at . The movie managed to collect a share of


title: Mohit Sehgal

text: Mohit Sehgal (born 3 December 1985) is an Indian television actor. He is known for his roles of Samrat in "Miley Jab Hum Tum", Somendra in "Sarojini - Ek Nayi Pehal" and Jay in "Naagin 5".


title: Mohit Sehgal

text: After an unnoticed role in the 2007 film "Delhii Heights", Sehgal entered TV industry playing Samrat Shergill, one of the leads opposite Sanaya Irani in the daily soap "Miley Jab Hum Tum" (2008–2010) which aired on Star One.


title: Mohit Sehgal

text: In 2010 he hosted "Zara Nachke Dikha" and "Meethi Choori No 1". After participating in "", he played supporting roles in "Saath Nibhaana Saathiya" and "Parichay — Nayee Zindagi Kay Sapno Ka".


title: Mohit Sehgal

text: Sehgal next portrayed Siddharth in Star Plus's "Mujhse Kuchh Kehti...Yeh Khamoshiyaan" opposite Mrunal Thakur(2012–2013). In last quarter of 2013, he was chosen to enact the role of Haider Sheikh opposite Ketki Kadam in romantic drama "Qubool Hai" until his exit in 2014. He was also seen in "Tumhari Paakhi" of Karan.


title: Mohit Sehgal

text: He was then roped in as the lead Somendra Singh in "Sarojini" (2015–2016) opposite Shiny Doshi. Sehgal next appeared in "Box Cricket League" before emerging as a second runner-up with Irani through participation in the dance reality series "Nach Baliye".


title: Mohit Sehgal

text: In July 2017, he signed Star Plus's "Love Ka Hai Intezaar" where he was cast as Ayaan Mehta alongside Preetika Rao. 3 years later, he returned to screen with the fifth season of Ekta Kapoor's famous supernatural franchise "Naagin" in 2020 as antagonist Jay Mathur alongside Surbhi Chandna and Sharad Malhotra.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: Phenoxymethylpenicillin, also known as penicillin V (PcV) and penicillin VK, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Specifically it is used for the treatment of strep throat, otitis media, and cellulitis. It is also used to prevent rheumatic fever and to prevent infections following removal of the spleen. It is given by mouth.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: Side effects include diarrhea, nausea, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. It is not recommended in those with a history of penicillin allergy. It is relatively safe for use during pregnancy. It is in the penicillin and beta lactam family of medications. It usually results in bacterial death.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: Phenoxymethylpenicillin was first made in 1948 by Eli Lilly. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 319th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 900thousand prescriptions.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: It is less active than benzylpenicillin (penicillin G) against Gram-negative bacteria. Phenoxymethylpenicillin has a range of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria that is similar to that of benzylpenicillin and a similar mode of action, but it is substantially less active than benzylpenicillin against Gram-negative bacteria.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: Phenoxymethylpenicillin is more acid-stable than benzylpenicillin, which allows it to be given orally.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: Phenoxymethylpenicillin is usually used only for the treatment of mild to moderate infections, and not for severe or deep-seated infections since absorption can be unpredictable. Except for the treatment or prevention of infection with "Streptococcus pyogenes" (which is uniformly sensitive to penicillin), therapy should be guided by bacteriological studies (including sensitivity tests) and by clinical response. People treated initially with parenteral benzylpenicillin may continue treatment with phenoxymethylpenicillin by mouth once a satisfactory response has been obtained.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: It is not active against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, which include many strains of "Staphylococci".


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: Phenoxymethylpenicillin is usually well tolerated but may occasionally cause transient nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, constipation, acidic smell to urine and black hairy tongue. A previous hypersensitivity reaction to "any" penicillin is a contraindication.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: The mechanism of phenoxymethylpenicillin is identical to that of all other penicillins. It exerts a bactericidal action against penicillin-sensitive microorganisms during the stage of active multiplication. It acts by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cell-wall peptidoglycan.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: The Austrian pharmaceutical company, Biochemie, was founded in Kundl in July 1946 at the site of a derelict brewery, at the suggestion of a French officer, Michel Rambaud (a chemist), who was able to obtain a small amount of "Penicillium" start culture from France. Contamination of the fermentation tanks was a persistent problem and in 1951, the company biologist, Ernst Brandl, attempted to solve this by adding phenoxyethanol to the tanks as an anti-bacterial disinfectant. This resulted unexpectedly in an increase in penicillin production: but, the penicillin produced was not benzylpenicillin, but phenoxymethylpenicillin. Phenoxyethanol was fermented to phenoxyacetic acid in the tanks, which was then incorporated into penicillin via biosynthesis. Importantly, Brandl realised that phenoxymethylpenicillin is not destroyed by stomach acid and can therefore be given by mouth. Phenoxymethyl penicillin was originally discovered by Eli Lilly in 1948 as part of their efforts to study penicillin precursors, but was not further exploited, and there is no evidence that Lilly understood the significance of their discovery at the time.


title: Phenoxymethylpenicillin

text: There were four named penicillins at the time penicillin V was discovered (penicillins I, II, III, IV), however, Penicillin V was named "V" for "Vertraulich" (confidential); it was not named for the Roman numeral "5".


title: Sky Express (Greece)

text: Sky Express, legal name Cretan Aeronautical Operations ( ""), is a Greek airline headquartered in Athens International Airport. It was established in 2005 and operates a number of flights, serving 35 domestic and eight international destinations.


title: Sky Express (Greece)

text: The airline was established in early 2005 by Cpt. Miltiadis Tsagkarakis, former Olympic Airlines director general and pilot, and George Mavrantonakis, former Olympic Airlines chief operating officer and accountable manager as well as advisor to the company president. Operations commenced in July 2005, including scheduled, charter, cargo, air taxi, emergency medical services, excursion and sightseeing flights. Sky Express Aircargo was later established as a joint venture with the Finaval Group and dedicated to cargo transport between Europe and the Far East.


title: Sky Express (Greece)

text: In October 2020, the airline placed a firm order for four Airbus A320neo aircraft (the fleet now includes six of them). In addition, the company introduced a new design for their new Airbus aircraft.


title: Sky Express (Greece)

text: The airline's initial logo was inspired by the flag of the Cretan State, a semi-independent state under the Ottoman Empire. The flag of the Cretan State was composed of a white cross extending to the edges of the flag, with the upper-hoist canton in red, featuring a white star symbolizing Ottoman sovereignty on the island, and the other squares in blue, symbolizing the Greeks of Crete. The flag has also been adopted as a symbol of the Cretan independence pseudo-movement. The logo was not well-received, and following complaints by the public in Greece, especially Cretans, the logo was changed. The company said it did not consider the flag offensive, since it represented a milestone in the unification of Crete with the Kingdom of Greece, but changed the logo nonetheless to avoid any further confusion.


title: Sky Express (Greece)

text: As of 2021, Sky Express operates scheduled flights to 35 destinations in Greece and to another eight abroad.


title: Forgot About Dre

text: "Forgot About Dre" is a song by American rapper-producer Dr. Dre featuring vocals and sole songwriting from fellow American rapper Eminem, released as second single from the former's album "2001" (1999).


title: Forgot About Dre

text: The song is considered a response to diss tracks by Death Row artists on "", a compilation released by Suge Knight that takes its title from Dre's 1992 album "The Chronic". The line "Who you think brought you the oldies, Eazy-E's, Ice Cube's, and DOC's, the Snoop D.O. Double G's, and the group that said 'Motherfuck the police'?" outlines Dre's importance in the rap world, the theme of the song. Dre also mentions how people said he turned to pop music and the criticism that Nas' supergroup The Firm received about "The Album", which Dre produced. Eminem's verse features the bizarre violence and aggression typical of his "Slim Shady" alter ego. In an interview, Kendrick Lamar said this and Six-Two's verse from "Xxplosive" tied for the best verses on "2001".


title: Forgot About Dre

text: The video was directed by Philip G. Atwell and was shot between December 24-26, 1999. It was released on January 9, 2000. The video opens at night with Dr. Dre rapping in front of a newsstand in a city. Eminem raps as he walks through a dark city street. A few explicit lines in Eminem's verse are replaced with a skit in which Eminem is answering reporter Jane Yamamoto's questions about a fire he and Dre started. When the video ends, it switches to "Last Dayz" by Hittman. This video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Rap Video in 2000.


title: Forgot About Dre

text: Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic called "Forgot About Dre" a standout track, praising Eminem's unpredictability. "NME" wrote that the song "jogs [listeners'] memories" as to Dre's accomplishments" and keeps "his legend simmering." According to Chris Massey of PopMatters, "it's the frantic rap of Eminem that truly stands out, perhaps only because he's the freshest voice on board." Greg Tate of "SPIN" noted that Dr. Dre uses this song to "make sure all recognize his majesty", with Eminem "standing by him like a cartoon pitbull."


title: Forgot About Dre

text: "Forgot About Dre" has been widely regarded as one of Eminem's best songs. "Rolling Stone" and "The Guardian" both ranked the song number three on their lists of the greatest Eminem songs.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: The RIM-67 Standard ER (SM-1ER/SM-2ER) is an extended range surface-to-air missile (SAM) and anti-ship missile originally developed for the United States Navy (USN). The RIM-67 was developed as a replacement for the RIM-8 Talos, a 1950s system deployed on a variety of USN ships, and eventually replaced the RIM-2 Terrier as well, since it was of a similar size and fitted existing Terrier launchers and magazines. The RIM-66 Standard MR was essentially the same missile without the booster stage, designed to replace the RIM-24 Tartar. The RIM-66/67 series thus became the US Navy's universal SAM system, hence the "Standard Missile" moniker.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: The RIM-67A (SM-1ER Block I) was the Navy's replacement for RIM-8 Talos missile. Improved technology allowed the RIM-67 to be reduced to the size of the earlier RIM-2 Terrier missile. Existing ships with the Mk86 guided missile fire control system, or "Terrier" were adapted to employ the new missile in place of the older RIM-2 Terrier missile. Ships that switched from the RIM-2 Terrier to the RIM-67A were still referred to as Terrier ships even though they were equipped with the newer missile.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: The second generation of Standard missile, the Standard Missile 2, was developed for the Aegis combat system, and New Threat Upgrade program that was planned for existing Terrier and Tartar ships. The destroyer served as the test platform for the development of the CG/SM-2 (ER) missile program project. The principal change over the Standard missile 1 is the introduction of inertial guidance for each phase of the missile's flight except the terminal phase where semi-active homing was retained. This design change was made so that missiles could time share illumination radars and enable equipped ships to defend against saturation missile attacks.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: Terrier ships reequipped as part of the New Threat Upgrade were refit to operate the RIM-67B (SM-2ER Block II) missile. However, Aegis ships were not equipped with launchers that had space enough for the longer RIM-67B.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: The RIM-156A Standard SM-2ER Block IV with the Mk 72 booster was developed to compensate for the lack of a long range SAM for the of Aegis cruisers. The Mk72 booster allows the RIM-156A to fit into the Mark 41 Vertical Launching System. This configuration can also be used for Terminal phase Ballistic Missile Defense.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: There was a plan to build a nuclear armed standard missile mounting a W81 nuclear warhead as a replacement for the earlier Nuclear Terrier missile (RIM-2D). The USN rescinded the requirement for the nuclear armed missile in the 1980s, and the project was canceled.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: The Standard can also be used against ships, either at line-of-sight range using its semi-active homing mode, or over the horizon using inertial guidance and terminal infrared homing.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: RIM-174 Standard Missile 6 ERAM is a new generation of Standard extended range missiles, which became operational in 2013.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: During the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988) the United States deployed Standard missiles to protect its navy, as well as other ships in the Persian Gulf from the threat of Iranian attacks. According to the Iranian Air Force, its F-4 Phantom IIs were engaged by SM-2ERs but managed to evade them, with one aircraft sustaining non-fatal damage due to shrapnel. During the same war the United States Navy mistakenly shot down an Iranian civilian airliner, Iran Air Flight 655 using two SM-2 missiles.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: On April 18, 1988, during Operation Praying Mantis, the frigate fired four RIM-66 Standard missiles and the cruiser fired two RIM-67 Standard missiles at , an Iranian (Combattante II) "Kaman"-class missile boat. The attacks destroyed the Iranian ship's superstructure but did not sink it.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: RIM-67 Standard was deployed on ships of the following classes, replacing the RIM-2 Terrier, and it never was VLS-capable. All of the ships used the AN/SPG-55 for guidance. The Mk10 guided missile launching system was used as the launching system. New Threat Upgrade equipped vessels operated the RIM-67B which used inertial guidance for every phase of the intercept except for the terminal phase where the AN/SPG-55 radar illuminates the target.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: The RIM-156 Standard Block IV, is a version that has been developed for Aegis Combat System it has a smaller compact sized booster stage for firing from the Mk41 Guided missile launch system. Like the earlier RIM-67B it employs inertial/command guidance with terminal semi-active homing.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: The last vessel to operate the RIM-67 was the which was retired in 2003. The RIM-174 Standard ERAM or Standard Missile Six has superseded the RIM-156A in production. The RIM-156A remains in service as of 2010.


title: RIM-67 Standard

text: RIM-67 Standard missiles have been withdrawn from service, remaining rounds are being re-manufactured in to GQM-163 Coyote supersonic targets.


title: Claude of France

text: Claude of France (13 October 1499 – 20 July 1524) was Queen of France by marriage to King Francis I. She was also ruling Duchess of Brittany from 1514 until her death in 1524. She was a daughter of King Louis XII of France and his second wife, the duchess regnant Anne of Brittany.


title: Claude of France

text: Claude was born on 13 October 1499 in Romorantin-Lanthenay as the eldest daughter of King Louis XII of France and Duchess Anne of Brittany. She was named after Claudius of Besançon, a saint her mother had invoked during a pilgrimage so she could give birth to a living child: during her two marriages, Queen Anne had at least fourteen pregnancies, of whom, only two children survived to adulthood: Claude and her youngest sister Renée, born in 1510.


title: Claude of France

text: Because her mother had no surviving sons, Claude was heir presumptive to the Duchy of Brittany. The crown of France, however, could pass only to and through male heirs, according to Salic Law. Eager to keep Brittany separated from the French crown, Queen Anne, with help of Cardinal Georges d'Amboise, promoted a solution for this problem, a marriage contract between Claude and the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.


title: Claude of France

text: This sparked a dispute between the Cardinal and (1451–1513), Lord of Rohan, known as the "Marshal of Gié", who fervently supported the idea of a marriage between the princess and the Duke of Valois, the heir presumptive to the French throne, which would keep Brittany united to France.


title: Claude of France

text: On 10 August 1501 at Lyon the marriage contract between Claude and the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles V was signed by François de Busleyden, Archbishop of Besançon, William de Croÿ, Nicolas de Rutter and Pierre Lesseman, all ambassadors of Duke Philip of Burgundy, Charles' father. A part of the contract promised the inheritance of Brittany to the young prince, already the next in line to thrones of Castile and Aragon, Austria and the Burgundian Estates.


title: Claude of France

text: In addition, the first Treaty of Blois, signed in 1504, gave Claude a considerable dowry in the -likely- case of Louis XII's death without male heirs: besides Brittany, Claude also received the Duchies of Milan and Burgundy, the Counties of Blois and Asti and the territory of the Republic of Genoa, then occupied by France. Thus, all the causes of the future rivalry between Charles V and Francis I were decided even before the succession of the two princes.


title: Claude of France

text: In 1505, Louis XII, very sick, fearing for his life and not wishing to threaten the reign of his only heir, cancelled Claude's engagement to Charles in the Estates Generals of Tours, in favor of his heir, the young Duke of Valois. Louise of Savoy had obtained from the king a secret promise that Claude would be married to her son. Queen Anne, furious to see the triumph of the Marshal of Gié, exerted all her influence to obtain his conviction for treason before the Parliament of Paris.


title: Claude of France

text: On 9 January 1514, when her mother died, Claude became Duchess of Brittany; and four months later, on 18 May, at the age of 14, she married her cousin Francis at Saint-Germain-en-Laye. With this union, it was secured that Brittany would remain united to the French crown, if the third marriage of Louis XII with Mary of England (celebrated on 9 October 1514) would not produce the long-waited heir. However, the union was short-lived and childless: Louis XII died less than three months later, on 1 January 1515, reputedly worn out by his exertions in the bedchamber. Francis and Claude became king and queen, the third time in history that the Duchess of Brittany became Queen of France.


title: Claude of France

text: As Duchess of Brittany, Claude left all the affairs of the Duchy to her spouse on his request; she did, however, until her death refuse his repeated requests to have Brittany to be incorporated to France, and instead named her oldest son heir to it.


title: Claude of France

text: As Queen, Claude was eclipsed at court by her mother-in-law, Louise of Savoy, and her sister-in-law, the literary Navarrese queen Margaret of Angoulême. She never ruled over Brittany; in 1515 she gave the government of her domains to her husband in perpetuity. Unlike her younger sister Renée, she seems to have never showed any interest in her maternal inheritance nor had any disposition to politics, as she preferred to devote herself to religion under the influence, according to some sources, of Christopher Numar of Forlì, who was the confessor of her mother-in-law. Gabriel Miron repeated his functions under Anne of Brittany and remained as Chancellor of Queen Claude and first doctor; he wrote a book entitled "de Regimine infantium tractatus tres".


title: Claude of France

text: After Francis became king in 1515, Anne Boleyn stayed as a member of Claude's household. It is assumed that Anne served as Claude's interpreter whenever there were English visitors, such as in 1520, at the Field of Cloth of Gold. Anne Boleyn returned to England in late 1521, where she eventually became Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII. Diane de Poitiers, another of Claude's ladies, was a principal inspiration of the School of Fontainebleau of the French Renaissance, and became the lifelong mistress of Claude's son, Henry II.


title: Claude of France

text: Claude was crowned Queen of France at St. Denis Basilica on 10 May 1517 by Cardinal Philippe de Luxembourg (also known as Cardinal du Mans), who "anointed her in the breast and forehead".


title: Claude of France

text: She spent almost all her marriage in an endless round of annual pregnancies. Her husband had many mistresses, but was usually relatively discreet. Claude imposed a strict moral code on her own household, which only a few chose to flout.


title: Claude of France

text: I must speak about madame Claude of France, who was very good and very charitable, and very sweet to everyone and never showed displeasure to anybody in her court or of her domains. She was deeply loved by the King Louis and the Queen Anne, her father and mother, and she was always a good daughter to them; after the King took the peaceful Duke of Milan, he made him declare and proclaim her in the Parliament of Paris the Duchess of the two most beautiful Duchies of Christendom, Milan and Brittany, one from the father and the other from the mother. What an heiress! if you please. Both Duchies joined in all good deed to our beautiful kingdom.


title: Claude of France

text: The pawn of so much dynastic maneuvering, Claude was short in stature and afflicted with scoliosis, which gave her a hunched back, while her husband was bigger and athletic. The successive pregnancies made her appear continuously plump, which drew mockeries at Court. Foreign ambassadors noted her "corpulence", claudication (tendency to limping), the strabismus affecting her left eye, her small size, and her ugliness, but they acknowledged her good qualities. She was little loved at court after the death of her parents. Brantôme testified:


title: Claude of France

text: That the king, her husband gave her the pox, which shortened her days. And madame the Regent [Louise of Savoy] bullied her constantly [...].


title: Claude of France

text: Claude died on 20 July 1524 at the Château de Blois, aged twenty-four. The exact cause of her death was disputed among sources and historians: while some alleged that she died in childbirth or after a miscarriage, others believed that she died for exhaustion after her many pregnancies or after suffering from bone tuberculosis (like her mother) and finally some believed that she died from syphilis caught from her husband. She was buried at St. Denis Basilica.


title: Claude of France

text: She was initially succeeded as ruler of Brittany by her eldest son, the Dauphin Francis, who became Duke Francis III, with Claude's widower King Francis I as guardian. After the Dauphin's death in 1536, Claude's second son, Henry, Duke of Orleans, became Dauphin and Duke of Brittany. He later became King of France as Henry II.


title: Claude of France

text: Claude's widowed husband himself remarried several years after Claude's death, to Eleanor of Austria, the sister of Emperor Charles V. The atmosphere at court became considerably more debauched, and there were rumours that King Francis's death in 1547 was due to syphilis.


title: Claude of France

text: Claude is remembered in a classic small plum, the size of a walnut, pale green with a glaucous bloom. It is still called "Reine Claude" (literally, "Queen Claude") in France and is known in England as a "greengage".


title: Claude of France

text: Queen Claude of France is played by Gabriella Wright in season one of the Showtime series "The Tudors".


title: Claude of France

text: In the 2015–16 Spanish historical fiction television series "Carlos, rey emperador" ("Charles, King Emperor"), Queen Claude is played by Eva Rufo.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: Roger Caleb Rogerson (born 3 January 1941) is a former detective sergeant of the New South Wales Police Force, and a convicted murderer.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: During Rogerson's career, he was one of the most decorated officers in the police force, having received at least thirteen awards for bravery, outstanding policemanship and devotion to duty including the Peter Mitchell Trophy, the highest annual police award. During his time in office he was implicated in—but never convicted of—two killings, bribery, assault and drug dealing.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: In 1999, Rogerson was convicted of perverting the course of justice and lying to the Police Integrity Commission. He is also known for his association with other New South Wales (NSW) detectives who are reputed to have been corrupt, including Ray "Gunner" Kelly and Fred Krahe, and with a number of organised crime figures, including Abe Saffron, Arthur "Neddy" Smith and Christopher Dale Flannery. Smith was a convicted heroin dealer, rapist and armed robber who claimed Rogerson gave him the "green light" to commit crimes in NSW, while Flannery specialised in contract killing.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: In May 2014, Rogerson was remanded in prison after being charged, along with fellow former NSW detective Glen McNamara, with the murder of 20-year-old student Jamie Gao, and supply of drugs. Both pleaded not guilty in January 2015. Their trial was started in July 2015, but was aborted after two days because of the potential prejudice caused after McNamara's then-barrister Charles Waterstreet made a reference to Rogerson "killing two or three people when he was in the police force". Following a retrial, both Rogerson and McNamara were found guilty of murder. In September 2016, both were sentenced to jail for life for the murder of Gao.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: One of three children, Rogerson grew up in the Sydney suburb of Bankstown (moving there from Bondi at six years old). Rogerson's father Owen Rogerson emmigrated from Kingston upon Hull, England during his career as a boilermaker; his mother Mabel Boxley emigrated from Cardiff, Wales with her parents as a youth (her English born father Caleb Boxley was the reason for Roger's middle name). Rogerson attended Bankstown Central School and later Homebush Boys High School. In January 1958, he joined the New South Wales Police Cadet Service. He has two daughters by his first wife Joy Archer.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: Rogerson worked on some of the biggest cases of the early 1970s, including the Toecutter Gang Murder and the Whiskey Au Go Go Fire in Brisbane. By 1978, his reputation was sufficient to gain convictions based on the strength of unsigned records of interviews with prisoners (known as "police verbals"). He was brought in to investigate the Ananda Marga conspiracy case, despite having no connections to the Special Branch investigating the case. Tim Anderson, one of the three released in 1985, claimed the confession Rogerson extracted was fabricated, and that he and two other members of the Ananda Marga group were convicted in part because of Rogerson's fabrications.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: The Peter Mitchell Award was presented to Rogerson in 1980 for the arrest of escaped armed robber Gary Purdey. This was tainted by Purdey's claims that Rogerson assaulted him, prevented him from calling his solicitor and typed up to five different records of the interview.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: Rogerson was responsible for the 1981 shooting death of Warren Lanfranchi. During the inquest, the coroner found Rogerson was acting in the line of duty, but a jury declined to find he had acted in self-defence. However, it was alleged by Lanfranchi's partner, Sallie-Anne Huckstepp, and later by Neddy Smith, that Rogerson had murdered Lanfranchi as retribution for robbing another heroin dealer who was under police protection and for firing a gun at a police officer. Huckstepp, a heroin addict and prostitute, appeared on numerous current affairs programs, including "60 Minutes" and "A Current Affair", demanding an investigation into the shooting. She also made statements to the New South Wales Police Internal Affairs Branch. Huckstepp was later murdered, her body found in a pond in Centennial Park, New South Wales.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: Fellow police officer Michael Drury has alleged that Rogerson was involved in his attempted murder. Drury claims he refused to accept a bribe Rogerson offered in exchange for evidence tampering in a heroin trafficking trial of convicted Melbourne drug dealer Alan Williams. On 6 June 1984, Drury was shot twice through his kitchen window as he fed his three-year-old daughter. Rogerson was charged with the shooting and Williams testified that Rogerson and Christopher Dale Flannery had agreed to murder Drury for each. However, on 20 November 1989, Rogerson was acquitted.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: Rogerson received a criminal conviction, which was overturned on appeal, for involvement in drug dealing, allegedly conspiring with notorious Melbourne drug dealer Dennis Allen to supply heroin.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: Rogerson was dismissed from the NSW Police Force on 11 April 1986 (had not seen active service since his suspension on 30 November 1984 as a result of the Drury investigation). He was subsequently convicted of perverting the course of justice in relation to deposited by him in bank accounts under a false name. He spent nine months in jail in 1990 before being released on bail pending an ultimately unsuccessful appeal. He spent a further three years in jail.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: After leaving the force, Rogerson worked in the building and construction industry as a supplier of scaffolding. He also became an entertainer, telling stories of his police activities in a spoken-word stage show called "The Good, the Bad and the Ugly", with former Australian footballers Warwick Capper and Mark "Jacko" Jackson.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: On 17 February 2005, Rogerson and his wife, Anne Melocco, were convicted of lying to the 1999 Police Integrity Commission. Rogerson served twelve months of a maximum two-and-a-half-year sentence. He was released from Kirkconnell Correctional Centre on 17 February 2006. Melocco was sentenced to two years' periodic detention for the same offence. Following his release from prison in 2006, Rogerson resumed his entertainment career with Mark "Jacko" Jackson by appearing in a show called "The Wild Colonial Psychos" with Jackson and Mark "Chopper" Read.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: In 2008, Rogerson reviewed episodes of the "Underbelly" series and Melbourne's underworld war in "The Daily Telegraph" He also wrote about the 2009 series of "Underbelly" for the same paper.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: In 2009, he published an autobiography about his time as a detective, entitled "The Dark Side", launched by broadcaster Alan Jones.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: On 27 May 2014, Rogerson was charged with the murder of Sydney student Jamie Gao, allegedly after a drug deal having gone wrong. On 21 January 2015, he and his co-accused, Glen McNamara (also a former police detective), were committed to stand trial over the alleged murder. On 6 March 2015, both accused were arraigned at a hearing in the NSW Supreme Court. Both pleaded not guilty to the murder of Gao and also not guilty to supplying 2.78 kilograms (6.1 lb) of "ice" (methamphetamine). The men were due for trial in the Supreme Court on 20 July 2015. On the second day, the trial was aborted because of the potential prejudice caused after McNamara's then-barrister Charles Waterstreet made a reference to Rogerson "killing two or three people when he was in the police force”.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: A new trial started on 1 February 2016. On 15 June 2016, Rogerson and McNamara were found guilty of Gao's murder.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: On 25 August 2016, Rogerson and McNamara faced a sentencing hearing. The NSW crown prosecutor, Christopher Maxwell sought for the judge to jail Rogerson and McNamara for life, stating there was no distinction between a contract killing and killing for the purpose of financial gain


title: Roger Rogerson

text: One detective witness told the Daily Telegraph "it was like tracking the stars of Amateur Hour", regarding the killing of Jamie Gao.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: On 2 September 2016, Justice Geoffrey Bellew sentenced Rogerson and McNamara to life in prison, with the statement "The joint criminal enterprise to which each offender was a party was extensive in its planning, brutal in its execution and callous in its aftermath". Lawyers for both Rogerson and McNamara indicated they would appeal against the sentence. However, neither Rogerson nor McNamara formally lodged appeals, and in July 2019 Rogerson’s last application for an extension of time to do so was refused by the NSW Supreme Court. However, Rogerson then lodged an appeal in 2020.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: During legal proceedings surrounding the trial against suspects involved in the 2009 contract murder of Michael McGurk, the Supreme Court heard evidence that, while in the Cooma Correctional Centre in 2014, Rogerson, McNamara, and Fortunato "Lucky" Gattellari attempted to extort Ron Medich, a businessman and suspect for masterminding the murder of McGurk.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: Soon after the Whiskey Au Go Go nightclub fire on 8 March 1973, Sydney detectives Roger Rogerson and Detective Sergeant Noel Morey were called to Brisbane to assist in the investigation. This was because John Andrew Stuart, accused of lighting the fire, had said criminals from Sydney were behind the nightclub extortion attempts.


title: Roger Rogerson

text: In 1988 Roger Rogerson told a "Bulletin" reporter that he and the other lead detectives fabricated evidence. They did so because, although they 'knew' Stuart and Finch were involved, they had insufficient evidence to convict them. The police confirmed Rogerson was the 'mole' during an early 1990s secret investigation called 'Operation Graveyard'. The journalist has refused to discuss the matter.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The 1973–1975 recession or 1970s recession was a period of economic stagnation in much of the Western world during the 1970s, putting an end to the overall post–World War II economic expansion. It differed from many previous recessions by involving stagflation, in which high unemployment and high inflation existed simultaneously.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: Among the causes were the 1973 oil crisis, the deficits of the Vietnam War under President Johnson, and the fall of the Bretton Woods system after the Nixon Shock. The emergence of newly industrialized countries increased competition in the metal industry, triggering a steel crisis, where industrial core areas in North America and Europe were forced to re-structure. The 1973–74 stock market crash made the recession evident.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The recession in the United States lasted from November 1973 (the Richard Nixon presidency) to March 1975 (the Gerald Ford presidency), and its effects on the US were felt through the Jimmy Carter presidency until the mid-term of Ronald Reagan's first term as president, characterized by low economic growth. Although the economy was expanding from 1975 to the first recession of the early 1980s, which began in January 1980, inflation remained extremely high until the early 1980s.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that 2.3 million jobs were lost during the recession; at the time, this was a post-war record.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: Although the recession ended in March 1975, the unemployment rate did not peak for several months. In May 1975, the rate reached its height for the cycle of 9 percent. (Four cycles have had higher peaks than this: the late 2000s recession, where the unemployment rate peaked at 10 percent in October 2009 in the United States; the early 1980s recession where unemployment peaked at 10.8% in November and December 1982; the Great Depression, where unemployment peaked at 25% in 1933; and the COVID-19 recession where unemployment peaked at 14.7% in 2020.)


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The recession also lasted from 1973–1975 in the United Kingdom. GDP declined by 3.9% depending on the source. It took 14 quarters for the UK's GDP to recover to that at the start of recession.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The oil crisis was largely to blame for the downturn in the United Kingdom, just as it was in the US, although an additional crisis came in the form of the Three-Day Week, which was the result of fears over power shortages as a miner's strike was announced in December 1973. The three-day week was a state of emergency imposed by Conservative prime minister Edward Heath, which came into force on 1 January 1974, meaning that commercial users of electricity were limited to three specific consecutive days' consumption of electricity, and forbidden to work longer hours of those days, although services deemed essential were exempted from these regulations. Electricity blackouts across the country were widespread.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: Edward Heath's offer of a 13% pay rise was rejected by the miners, and he then responded by calling a snap election on 28 February 1974 in what he saw as an opportunity for the electorate to show the miners that the government – and not the miners or the unions – were responsible for running the country. Most opinion polls suggested that the Tories would be re-elected with a majority, but when the election results came through on the morning of 1 March 1974, no party had an overall majority. The gap between Ted Heath's Tory government and the Labour opposition led by Harold Wilson (who had been prime minister for nearly six years until his surprise defeat by Heath's Tories in the 1970 election) was so narrow that the Tories received the most votes but Labour won slightly more seats.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: Heath fought to keep the Tories in government by attempting to form a coalition with the Liberal Party and offering a cabinet post to Liberal leader Jeremy Thorpe, but this attempt to remain in power proved unsuccessful for Heath and he was forced to resign as prime minister on 4 March, paving the way for Harold Wilson's Labour to return to power as a minority government before winning a second election on 10 October by a majority of just three seats.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: Economic growth was re-established in 1975 as the recession's end was declared, but Britain's economy remained shaky. Inflation remained high, strikes continued to cripple manufacturing and public services, unemployment continued to rise above the 1,000,000 mark, and just after the resignation of Harold Wilson as prime minister in March 1976, his successor James Callaghan was forced to call on the International Monetary Fund for a multibillion-pound bail-out in an attempt to bolster Britain's flagging economy.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The Labour government's tiny majority was wiped out by early 1977 as a result of by-election defeats, and Callaghan managed to form a coalition with the Liberals to hang onto power. The pact concluded in the summer of 1978, by which time economic growth had picked up (although unemployment now stood at a postwar high of 1,500,000), and opinion polls suggested that Labour could form a majority government if a general election was held. However, Callaghan ruled out an election in September 1978, and within weeks a series of strikes began which would spark the Winter of Discontent. In March 1979, a vote of no confidence issued by Tory opposition leader Margaret Thatcher sparked the collapse of the Labour government and in the election in May that year, the Tories returned to power.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: In the first year of the Thatcher-led Tory government inflation rose to 15.3%, but then fell to 5% by the time of their election win in 1983. However, the monetarist policies designed to curb inflation caused a recession in 1980 and resulted in a steep rise in unemployment from 5.4% (1,390,46 people) to 11.5% (3,104,66 people). It was not until 2000, by which time Labour had been re-elected as New Labour under Tony Blair that unemployment fell to the level in 1979.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The oil crisis of 1973 also had similarly large negative effects on other countries that relied heavily on imported oil, such as France, Sweden, Japan, Finland, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Denmark.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: In Sweden's particular case, the recession proved devastating to the shipping, ship-building, and logging and mining industries. The increase in oil prices caused export revenues from shipping to drop by 25% within a few years. Sweden at this time had the world's second largest ship building industry (after Japan), and the spillover effects devastated shipbuilders (Swedish shipbuilders lost some 3 billion SEK in 1974), which in turn led to problems in Sweden's steel industry. The loss of shipbuilding jobs devastated port cities such as Malmö, home to Kockums' shipyard, which would struggle for the next 20 years. Furthermore, the ripple effects also compounded issues in the iron ore mining industry, at a time when Swedish iron ore was experiencing rising mining costs and facing increased low-cost competition from new mines in places such as Australia and Brazil. The inflationary recession, combined with an expansionary government fiscal policy and a generous collective wage agreement among unions in 1974-1976, put Sweden on a highly inflationary path: the price index quintupled between 1972 and 1995. Between 1965 and 1979, the public sector's share of total employment rose from 12% to 30%, which greatly increased the total tax burden at a time of escalating costs and prices, which fed into wage settlements, competitiveness, and profitability, and contributed to a sharply deteriorated trade balance.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: Some newly industrialized countries saw some diversionary benefits from the crisis, namely Spain, Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Mexico, and Brazil, as their low-cost environments attracted new investments and gave their products a competitive edge over competitors in higher-cost, developed countries suffering from higher energy costs. These countries gained increased market share both in their domestic markets and abroad at accelerating rates during the 1970s.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: In the United States, the economic recovery from the 1973 to 1975 recession had many of the characteristics of a typical U-type recovery. GNP (the measure at the time) reached and exceeded its pre-recession level by first quarter 1976. Industrial production had recovered to its pre-recession levels by the end of 1976.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The major influence of the experience of the 1974 recession came in the form of the concept of stagflation, that is, inflation during a period of recession. The Federal Reserve adjusted its mandate as a result, believing that the inflation-unemployment tradeoff was much higher than previously thought, and established a 6% target as full employment. Thus, unemployment, which had reached a peak of 9% in May 1975, did not dip below 6% until June 1978. The pre-1974 recession level of 4.6% unemployment was not reached again until November 1997, when the Federal Reserve deviated from its prior policy.


title: 1973–1975 recession

text: The interpretation regarding the cause of stagflation was and continues to be controversial. The oil embargo of 1973-74, which pushed prices of petroleum from $15 to $45 a barrel (2010 dollars) almost overnight, certainly contributed to inflationary measures during this period, taking a larger share of incomes (an "oil tax") at a time of falling consumer spending. The price of petroleum products continued to rise throughout the decade, reaching a peak of about $73 a barrel (2010 dollars) in 1979 as a result of the Iranian revolution, a price not exceeded until 2008 in the wake of dislocations due to the war in Iraq.


title: Shock rock

text: Shock rock is the combination of rock music or heavy metal music with highly theatrical live performances emphasizing shock value. Performances may include violent or provocative behavior from the artists, the use of attention-grabbing imagery such as costumes, masks, or face paint, or special effects such as pyrotechnics or fake blood. Shock rock also often includes elements of horror.


title: Shock rock

text: Screamin' Jay Hawkins was arguably the first shock rocker. After the success of his 1956 hit "I Put a Spell on You", Hawkins began to perform a recurring stunt at many of his live shows: he would emerge from a coffin, sing into a skull-shaped microphone and set off smoke bombs. Another artist who performed similar stunts was the British singer-songwriter Screaming Lord Sutch.


title: Shock rock

text: The 1960s brought several proto-shock rock artists. In the UK, The Who often destroyed their instruments, The Move did the same to television sets, and Arthur Brown wore vivid makeup and a flaming headpiece. In the US, Jimi Hendrix set his guitar alight at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967. Detroit musician Iggy Pop of The Stooges adopted a violent, erratic onstage persona which drew widespread recognition, as Pop would often throw his body about the stage, frequently injuring his band members. Pop was known to wear a dog collar during some performances, along with arm length silver lamé gloves, exemplifying both shock and glam rock sensibilities. At at least one show in 1970, Pop smeared peanut butter on his body and threw it into the crowd as well.


title: Shock rock

text: On seeing Arthur Brown, Alice Cooper stated, "Can you imagine the young Alice Cooper watching that with all his make-up and hellish performance? It was like all my Halloweens came at once!"


title: Shock rock

text: The Plasmatics were an American punk rock band formed by Yale University art school graduate Rod Swenson with Wendy O. Williams. The band was a controversial group known for wild live shows. In addition to chainsawing guitars, blowing up speaker cabinets and sledgehammering television sets, Williams and the Plasmatics blew up automobiles live on stage. Williams was arrested in Milwaukee by the Milwaukee police before being charged with public indecency. Jim Farber of "Sounds" described the show: "Lead singer/ex-porn star/current weight lifter Wendy Orleans Williams (W.O.W. for short) spends most of the Plasmatics' show fondling her family size breasts, scratching her sweaty snatch and eating the drum kit, among other playful events".


title: Shock rock

text: From the late 1970s to his death in 1993, GG Allin was known less for his music than for his wildly transgressive antics, which included indecent exposure (stripping and performing naked was one of Allin's most common rituals), on-stage defecation, coprophagia, self-mutilation, and attacking audience members.


title: Shock rock

text: In the 1980s in Richmond, Virginia, Gwar formed as a collaboration of artists and musicians. The band members make their own lavish monster costumes, which they claim are inspired by many of the creatures from H. P. Lovecraft's literary multiverse, the Cthulhu Mythos. Gwar frequently incorporates extravagant theatrics into their shows, such as mock jousts and pretending to murder each other.


title: Shock rock

text: The Mentors cultivated a shock-rock image by wearing executioners' hoods in concert and making deliberately outlandish statements to the press. In the 1990s, vocalist Eldon Hoke also began incorporating onstage sex acts into the band's repertoire.


title: Shock rock

text: In the 1990s and 2000s, Marilyn Manson became perhaps the most notable and well known act in shock rock. He was once dubbed by former US Senator Joseph Lieberman (D-Conn) as "perhaps the sickest group ever promoted by a mainstream record company." Manson's stage antics, such as burning the American flag and ripping pages out of the Bible, have been the focus of protests throughout his career. Manson argued that every artist has their means of presentation and that his visual and vocal styles are merely a way for him to control the angle that his audience and the general public view and interpret what he is trying to convey artistically.


title: Temperature of Love

text: Temperature of Love () is a 2017 South Korean television series written by Ha Myung-hee and starring Seo Hyun-jin, Yang Se-jong, Kim Jae-wook and Jo Bo-ah. It is based on the screenwriter's own novel titled "Good Soup Never Picks up the Phone", released in 2014. It aired from September 18 to November 21, 2017, on SBS TV's Mondays and Tuesdays at 22:00 (KST) time slot for 40 episodes.


title: Temperature of Love

text: The story of two people who first meet online and soon develop a relationship when they meet in person, but then get separated after choosing different paths for their careers.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Tuukka Mikael Rask (born 10 March 1987) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey goaltender. Rask was drafted 21st overall in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft by the Toronto Maple Leafs before being traded to the Boston Bruins in 2006, where he played his entire 15 season NHL career. He is regarded by many as the best goaltender in Boston Bruins history, one of the best Finnish goaltenders of all time, and one of the greatest goaltenders in NHL history. His strong goaltending has been credited with helping establish the Boston Bruins as a defensive powerhouse throughout the 2010s.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Rask was among the league's most successful goaltenders during his tenure with the Bruins. He won the Stanley Cup with the Bruins in 2011, and led the Bruins to the Stanley Cup Finals on two more occasions in 2013 and 2019. He also won the Vezina Trophy as the league's top goaltender during the 2013–14 season, and was a finalist for the 2019-20 award. He also won the William M. Jennings Trophy along with goaltender Jaroslav Halák in the 2019–20 season. In addition to that, Rask is also a two-time NHL All-Star team member. He led team Finland to bronze medals over team USA at the 2006 World Juniors, where he was also awarded the honor of Best Goaltender. He led them to another bronze medal against the United States at the 2014 Winter Olympics. Tuukka is the older brother of Joonas Rask, who plays professionally as a forward with Luleå HF in the SHL.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: At the time of his retirement, Tuukka Rask was among the best statistical goaltenders of all time. He holds the Boston Bruins record for regular season games played (564) and wins (308), as well as the playoff record for games played (104) and wins (57). He is third in save percentage all-time (0.92103) (first in the salary cap era), third in goals against average (GAA) among goaltenders in the modern era (2.28) (first in the salary cap era), and eleventh in goals saved above average (GSAA) all time (149.934). In the playoffs, Rask is fourth in save percentage (0.92517), ninth in GAA (2.22), and twelfth in GSAA (41.676). Rask also holds the NHL record for most consecutive playoff games above the 0.900 save percentage mark, eclipsing 23 games during the 2019 Stanley Cup Playoffs. He is the only goaltender in modern NHL history to have not lost a Conference Finals game playing at least two series, posting an 8-0 record with 3 shutouts, a GAA of 0.82, and a save percentage of 0.972. In addition to his NHL achievements, Rask is also among the top Finnish and European goaltenders of all time. He is first in both save percentage and GAA amongst Finnish goaltenders, second in shutouts, and fourth in wins. Among European goaltenders, Rask is second only to Dominik Hašek in save percentage, fourth in GSAA, and fifth in shutouts (52).


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Tuukka Rask was considered to be a true hybrid goaltender known for his economy of motion. He was best known for playing a very positionally sound game, where he would absorb the puck into his chest rather than reaching for it with his hands. He employed a narrow butterfly and he stayed on his skates to make high saves, rather than dropping to his knees. His style incorporates a low and wide stance, a unique shin-lock RVH positioning, and effective rebound control. The shin-lock RVH (reverse vertical-horizontal) was a staple in his game during his early seasons as well as later in his career due to hip issues, which ultimately ended his career after an attempted comeback in 2022.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: In addition to his play, Rask was well known for his on-ice antics, such as throwing a milk crate, forgetting the score, and the skate blade incident.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Rask started his career in the youth teams of his hometown club SaPKo in Savonlinna, Finland. He then played in 26 games for the Tampere-based Ilves Jr. in the Finnish Junior League. His goals against average (GAA) was 1.86 with two shutouts and a .935 save percentage. He was the top-ranked European goaltender in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Rask played his last European ice hockey season as the number one goaltender for the Ilves senior team in the Finnish top-flight SM-liiga.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: The Toronto Maple Leafs drafted Rask in the first round, 21st overall, in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft. However, before playing a regular season game for Toronto, he was traded to the Boston Bruins in exchange for former Calder Memorial Trophy-winning goaltender Andrew Raycroft. Toronto management had deemed Justin Pogge their potential goaltender of the future, rendering Rask expendable. It was later revealed the Bruins intended to release Raycroft, which would have made him available to Toronto without having to give up Rask.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: The trade has since been examined as one of the worst trades in Maple Leafs franchise history; Rask would experience many seasons of success with the Bruins, eventually winning the Stanley Cup and Vezina Trophy, while Raycroft would only play two seasons for Toronto, recording disappointing statistics in the process.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 5 May 2007, Rask signed a three-year contract with the Boston Bruins and was in attendance to observe the Providence Bruins' 2006–07 playoff run for the American Hockey League (AHL)'s Calder Cup championship. The Providence team did not make it past the second round of the Calder Cup against the Manchester Monarchs, but nonetheless Rask practiced with the Providence team.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 5 November 2007, Rask was called up to the Boston Bruins for the first time. Just two weeks later, on 20 November, he recorded his first NHL win, a 4–2 victory on the road against his former team, the Toronto Maple Leafs. On 3 October 2008, the Bruins reassigned Rask to Providence. Rask had the best save percentage (.952) among the goalies in pre-season play, followed by teammates Manny Fernandez (.875), Tim Thomas (.869) and Kevin Regan (.857). Despite this, the team opted to go with the two veteran goaltenders, Thomas and Fernandez, for the 2008–09 season.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: With nagging back spasms keeping Fernandez from play shortly after the All-Star Game break, Rask was once again called up to serve as a second goaltender, and on 31 January 2009, he played his first (and only) game with the Bruins in the 2008–09 season, and earned his first ever NHL shutout, a 1–0 home effort against the New York Rangers, with Marc Savard scoring the only Bruins goal.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Not long after the beginning of the 2009–10 season, Rask, who had been named the backup goaltender to Thomas, signed a two-year extension to his contract with the Bruins on 5 November that kept him under contract through to the 2011–12 season.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: In the 2009–10 regular season, Rask was the only goaltender in the NHL with a GAA of less than 2.00 and the only goaltender with a save percentage over .930. Despite having been the only qualifying rookie in NHL history to lead the league with a sub-2.00 GAA, as well as lead the league in save percentage, and having supplanted the Vezina Trophy winner Tim Thomas as the starter, Rask was not named as a finalist for the rookie of the year award. In the 2010–11 season, Thomas returned to form, effectively relegating Rask once again to the backup role. With the Bruins winning the Stanley Cup in 2011, Rask became only the second Finnish goaltender to do so, after Antti Niemi of the Chicago Blackhawks accomplished the feat the previous year.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 28 June 2012, Rask re-signed with the Bruins to a one-year, $3.5 million contract. Prior to the declaration of the 2012–13 lockout, Rask was named as the starting goaltender for the Bruins, replacing Tim Thomas, who would eventually be traded to the New York Islanders on 7 February 2013. During the lockout, which ended on 6 January 2013, Rask played for HC Plzeň, which won the Czech Extraliga that year. After the NHL resumed play, Rask led the Bruins to their second Stanley Cup finals in three years in the 2013 playoffs. In the third round against the Pittsburgh Penguins, Rask faced 136 shots in four games played, allowing two goals while making 134 saves for a 0.50 GAA and a .985 save percentage. In the Stanley Cup finals, the Bruins were defeated in six games by the Chicago Blackhawks, as Rask registered a .932 save percentage.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 10 July 2013, the Bruins re-signed Rask to an eight-year, $56 million contract. Following the conclusion of the 2013–14 season, Rask was awarded the NHL's Vezina Trophy, awarded to the "goalkeeper adjudged to be the best at his position". He posted a 36–15–6 record, highlighted by a career-best ten-game points-won streak from 20 to 30 March, going 9–0–1, as the Bruins captured their first Presidents' Trophy since 1990 and led the Eastern Conference in team defence (2.08 goals allowed per game).


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Early in the 2016–17 regular season, Rask sustained a groin injury that somewhat hampered his abilities much of the season following a successful October campaign, starting the 2016–17 season with 12 wins and a .938 save percentage in 17 games. He was likely used more often than usual, with the Bruins suffering from "backup goaltender" challenges early in the season, but not enough of a hindrance to help lead the Bruins to the 2017 playoffs, the Bruins' first in three seasons. Following a six-game quarterfinal series with the Bruins losing to the Ottawa Senators four games to two, Rask successfully underwent groin surgery on 9 May 2017. In mid-August, Rask said he expected to be ready for the Bruins' training camp for the 2017–18 season.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: In the 2017–18 season, from 26 November 2017 to 10 February 2018, Rask had a career-high 21-game point streak. Rask and the Bruins ended up finishing the season with 50 wins and 112 points, their best season since their 2013–14 Presidents' Trophy-winning season. He played only 54 games, his lowest since that same 2013–14 season, posting a 34–14–5 record with a 2.36 GAA and a .917 save percentage. In the 2018 playoffs, the Bruins were defeated in the second round in five games by the Tampa Bay Lightning, with Rask playing 12 games total in the playoffs and posting a 2.88 GAA and .903 save percentage, his lowest since his first postseason in 2010.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 1 January 2019, during the 2019 NHL Winter Classic, Rask set a new record for games played by a Bruins goaltender with his 469th game, surpassing Tiny Thompson's record set in the 1938–39 NHL season. However, Rask was later placed on injured reserve by the Bruins on 28 January after sustaining a concussion. At the time of his injury, Rask had a 14–8–3 record in 25 starts. Rask returned to the Bruins lineup on 31 January in a 3–2 overtime loss to the Philadelphia Flyers. It was his first start in a game since 19 January. On 3 February 2019 against the Washington Capitals, Rask recorded a shutout to become the career leader for wins by a goaltender in Bruins history, again surpassing Tiny Thompson.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Rask helped the Bruins to the 2019 Stanley Cup Finals, though they ultimately lost in seven games to the St. Louis Blues. Rask recorded a 15–9 record with a 2.02 goals against average and a .934 save percentage during the 2019 Stanley Cup playoffs.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Rask played his 500th game in the NHL on 22 October 2019, a 4–2 Bruins victory over the Maple Leafs. On 10 March 2020, his 33rd birthday, Rask recorded the 50th shutout of his career, against the Philadelphia Flyers. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the season was paused and when the NHL announced its return-to-play plan Rask would automatically win the William M. Jennings Trophy along with Jaroslav Halak. On 15 August, during the NHL's Return to Play program, Rask opted to leave the playoffs, exit the "bubble" in Toronto in which teams were quarantined, and return to his family after playing five games in the "bubble", which included two games against the Carolina Hurricanes in the 2020 Stanley Cup playoffs. After the playoffs, he revealed that the reason he left was his daughter going through an undisclosed medical emergency.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 15 April 2021, Rask would return from an upper-body injury, where he recorded his 300th NHL win against the Islanders. He became the 37th goaltender and the fourth Finnish goaltender to achieve the milestone. Rask also became the fifth-fastest player to reach the milestone, which he achieved in his 552nd NHL game, and also became the first Bruins goaltender to reach the mark. On 21 May, Rask passed Gerry Cheevers for the most postseason wins by a goalie in Bruins history, after Rask won his 54th postseason game against the Washington Capitals in the 2021 Stanley Cup playoffs. Following the game 6 exit of the Bruins from the playoffs, Rask revealed he had been dealing with an early-season injury to an acetabular labrum in one of his hips, necessitating surgery during the summer and a likely return to play for the team. Even with his upcoming free-agency resulting in UFA status by the upcoming season, Rask indicated he had no plans to play as a goaltender for any other team but the Bruins, going forward.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 6 January 2022, Rask signed an AHL tryout contract with the Providence Bruins of the American Hockey League (AHL), with the intention to rehab from surgery before returning to Boston. However, the games he was slated to start in were postponed due to a COVID-19 outbreak among the Lehigh Valley Phantoms, who were then unable to travel to Providence for the weekend's contests. Despite missing those rehab starts, Rask signed a one-year contract with the Boston Bruins on 11 January, worth $1 million. In his return to the Bruins, Rask started just four games before going back on the injured list. On 9 February, Rask announced his retirement from ice hockey.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: Rask played in four of Finland's six games en route to the bronze medal at the 2014 Winter Olympics, including a 3–1 defeat of host nation Russia in the quarter-finals, and a shut-out of the United States in the bronze medal game. He was unable to play in the semifinal against Sweden due to flu, which cost Finland a spot in the final. Sweden defeated Finland 2–1.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: On 2 March 2016, it was revealed that Rask was to be the starting goaltender for Finland in the 2016 World Cup of Hockey, ahead of Pekka Rinne. Rask played in two out of three tournament games and in one out of three pre-tournament games.


title: Tuukka Rask

text: In 2015, a recently discovered species of wasp in Kenya was named "Thaumatodryinus tuukkaraski" as a direct reference to Rask. The reasoning given by the authors was, "This species is named after the acrobatic goaltender for the Finnish National ice hockey team and the Boston Bruins, whose glove hand is as tenacious as the raptorial fore tarsus of this dryinid species."


title: Tuukka Rask

text: In addition to the above, a newly discovered wasp species, "Thaumatodryinus tuukkaraski", was named in Rask's honor in 2015.


title: Greyhawk

text: Greyhawk, also known as the World of Greyhawk, is a fictional world designed as a campaign setting for the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy roleplaying game. Although not the first campaign world developed for "Dungeons & Dragons"—Dave Arneson's "Blackmoor" campaign predated it by over a year—the world of Greyhawk closely identified with early development of the game beginning in 1972, and after being published it remained associated with "Dungeons & Dragons" publications until 2008. The world itself started as a simple dungeon under a castle designed by Gary Gygax for the amusement of his children and friends, but it was rapidly expanded to include not only a complex multi-layered dungeon environment, but also the nearby city of Greyhawk, and eventually an entire world. In addition to the campaign world, which was published in several editions over twenty years, Greyhawk was also used as the setting for many adventures published in support of the game, as well as for RPGA's massively shared "Living Greyhawk" campaign from 2000–2008.