title: Jehu

text: Jehu proceeded to enter the premises of the palace at Jezreel. Jezebel watched him with contempt from the palace window and mockingly compared him to King Zimri. Jehu later commanded Jezebel's eunuchs to throw her out of the palace window. They obeyed his commands and Jezebel was instantly killed. Jehu trampled over her body, but when he decided later to arrange a proper burial due to her royal descent, only her skull, hands and feet remained. The rest of her body had been eaten by dogs.


title: Jehu

text: Now master of Jezreel, Jehu wrote to command the chief men in Samaria to hunt down and kill all of the royal princes. They did as ordered, and the next day they piled the seventy heads in two heaps outside the city gate, as Jehu commanded. Ahab's entire family was slain. Shortly afterwards, Jehu encountered the forty-two "brothers of Ahaziah" (since the brothers of Ahaziah had previously been taken away and probably killed by the Philistines, these must have been relatives of Ahaziah in a broader sense, like nephews and cousins) at "Beth-eked of the shepherds". They told Jehu that they were visiting the royal family. Jehu, however, killed them all at "the pit of Beth-eked".


title: Jehu

text: Following Jehu's slaughter of the Omrides, he met Jehonadab the Rechabite and convinced him that he was pro-Yahwist. Jehonadab quickly allied with him and they entered the capital together. In control of Samaria, he invited the worshippers of Baal to a ceremony, then trapped and killed them. After that, he destroyed their idols and temple, and turned the temple into a latrine.


title: Jehu

text: Other than Jehu's bloody seizure of power and his tolerance for the golden calves at Dan and Bethel (condemned as the "corrupted" version of Yahwism by biblical writers), little else is known of his reign. He was hard pressed by Hazael, king of the Arameans, who defeated his armies "throughout all of the territories of Israel" beyond the Jordan river, in the lands of Gilead, Gad, Reuben, and Manasseh.


title: Jehu

text: This suggests that Jehu offered tribute to Shalmaneser III, as depicted on his Black Obelisk, in order to gain a powerful ally against the Arameans. "Bit-Khumri" was used by Tiglath-Pileser III for the non-Omride kings Pekah (733) & Hoshea (732), hence House/Land/Kingdom of Omri could apply to later Israelite kings not necessarily descended from Omri. According to others this description should be taken very literally, as in this period Assyrians were very closely following the events in this area, with control slipping in later years.


title: Jehu

text: The destruction of the house of Ahab is commended by the author of 2 Kings as a form of divine punishment. Yahweh rewards Jehu for being a willing executor of divine judgement by allowing four generations of kings to sit on the throne of Israel. Jehu and his descendants Jehoahaz, Jehoash, Jereboam II and Zachariah ruled Israel for 102 years. Nonetheless, according to the Book of Hosea, the House of Jehu was still punished by God through the hands of the Assyrians for Jehu's massacre at Jezreel, some Biblical commentators reasoning that this was because Jehu's motives may not have been entirely pure in his massacre.


title: Jehu

text: Aside from the Hebrew Scriptures, Jehu appears in Assyrian documents, notably in the Black Obelisk where he is depicted as kissing the ground in front of Shalmaneser III and presenting a gift ("maddattu ša Ia-ú-a...kaspu mâdu" "tribute of Jehu...much silver"). In the Assyrian documents, he is simply referred to as "son of Omri" (, possibly expressing his having been the ruler of 'the House of Omri,' a later Assyrian designation for the Kingdom of Israel). This tribute is dated 841 BCE. It is the earliest preserved depiction of an Israelite.


title: Jehu

text: According to the Obelisk, Jehu severed his alliances with Phoenicia and Judah, and became subject to Assyria.


title: Jehu

text: The author of the Tel Dan Stele (9th century BCE, found in 1993 and 1994) claimed to have slain both Ahaziah of Judah and Jehoram of Israel (whom Ahaziah was visiting). Some contend the author of this monument is Hazael of the Arameans, although 2 Kings 9 specifically mentions it was Jehu who killed Ahaziah and Jehoram after being anointed King of Israel by a young prophet sent by the Prophet Elisha.


title: Jehu

text: The author may have been Jehu according to Dr. David Miano in his presentation, "Who Wrote the Tel Dan Inscription?" at a conference of the Save Ancient Studies Alliance in 2021 (available on YouTube).


title: Jehu

text: "Drive Like Jehu" was an American post-hardcore band from San Diego active from 1990 to 1995. The band's name was derived from 2 Kings 9:20: "And the watchman told, saying, He came even unto them, and cometh not again: and the driving [is] like the driving of Jehu the son of Nimshi; for he driveth furiously".


title: Jehu

text: "Jehu's Rebellion" is the eighth chapter in "Manga Messengers" (2011)"," the penultimate installment in the six volume Manga Bible (2006-19).


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Timothy Devon Anderson Jr. (born June 23, 1993) is an American professional baseball shortstop for the Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). Anderson played college baseball at East Central Community College, and was selected in the first round of the 2013 MLB draft by the White Sox. He made his MLB debut in 2016. Anderson led the American League in batting average in 2019, won the Silver Slugger Award in 2020, and was an All-Star in 2021.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Anderson was born in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. His father, Tim Sr., was arrested on drug charges before he was born and served the first 15 years of Tim Jr.'s life in prison. His birth mother was already raising four children and was unable to care for Anderson as well, so he was raised by his aunt and uncle along with their three children. His grandfather took him to visit his father often, so that they could have a relationship.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Anderson attended Hillcrest High School in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Anderson played little league baseball as a kid but eventually cut the sport out of his life up until his junior year of high school. He focused on basketball in his first two years of high school, but broke both of his legs during his sophomore year. In his junior year, he played both baseball and basketball. As a junior, Anderson batted .333 as a left fielder. In his senior year, Anderson played as an infielder and batted .420. He was a part of the state basketball championship winning team in his senior year.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Standing at , Anderson decided that he was likely too short to play professional basketball. Anderson enrolled at East Central Community College in Decatur, Mississippi, to play college baseball. East Central was the only school to offer Anderson a baseball scholarship. In his freshman season, Anderson batted .360 with four home runs, 37 runs batted in (RBIs), and 30 stolen bases without being caught stealing. However, he received no interest from Major League Baseball (MLB) teams, and was not selected in the 2012 MLB draft. Returning to East Central for his sophomore year, Anderson had a breakout season, leading all junior college baseball players with a .495 batting average. He was named a first-team National Junior College Athletic Association Division II All-American. He committed to transfer to the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB).


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: The Chicago White Sox selected Anderson in the first round, with the 17th overall selection, in the 2013 MLB draft. Anderson opted to sign with the White Sox, rather than enroll at UAB, for a signing bonus of $2,164,000. Though expected to make his professional debut with the Bristol White Sox of the Rookie-level Appalachian League, the White Sox assigned Anderson to the Kannapolis Intimidators of the Class A South Atlantic League instead. He batted .277 with one home run, 21 RBIs, and 24 stolen bases in 68 games for Kannapolis.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: In 2014, Anderson began the season with the Winston-Salem Dash of the Class A-Advanced Carolina League. He broke his wrist in late June, requiring surgery. In 68 games, Anderson had a .297 batting average, six home runs, and 10 stolen bases. He also committed 31 errors. When he returned in August, the White Sox promoted him to the Birmingham Barons of the Class AA Southern League, where he batted .364 in 10 games. The White Sox assigned Anderson to the Glendale Desert Dogs of the Arizona Fall League after the regular season.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: The White Sox invited Anderson to spring training in 2015. He spent the season with Birmingham, and he batted .312 with five home runs and 49 stolen bases, while on defense he committed 25 errors. Invited to spring training again in 2016, the White Sox assigned him to the Charlotte Knights of the Class AAA International League at the beginning of the season. In 55 games for Charlotte, Anderson batted .304 with four home runs, 20 RBIs, and 11 stolen bases.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: On June 10, 2016, the White Sox designated Jimmy Rollins for assignment and promoted Anderson to the major leagues. Anderson made his MLB debut that day, hitting a double off of Ian Kennedy of the Kansas City Royals in his first at bat. Anderson batted .283 with nine home runs in 99 games for the White Sox.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Before the 2017 season, Anderson signed a six-year contract worth $25 million, with two club options for the 2023 and 2024 seasons. He struggled in April 2017, batting .204 and striking out 24 times in 22 games. For the 2017 season, Anderson batted .257/.276/.402, walked in 2.1% of his at bats (the lowest percentage in the major leagues), and had the lowest walks-per-strikeout ratio in the majors (0.08). On defense, he led the major leagues in errors, with 28, and in fielding errors (with 16) and throwing errors (with 12).


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: In 2018, Anderson had a .240 batting average with 20 home runs and 26 stolen bases. On defense, he tied for the major league lead in throwing errors, with 12.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: In 2019 he batted .335 (leading the major leagues)/.357/.508. He had the lowest walk percentage in the American League (2.9%). He had career highs in hits with 167, despite having 88 fewer plate appearances than in 2018. He also had a career high in doubles with 32, and runs with 81. On defense, he led all major league players in errors committed, with 26, and had the lowest fielding percentage of all major league shortstops (.951).


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Overall with the 2020 Chicago White Sox, Anderson batted .322/.357/.529 with 45 runs (tied for the AL lead), ten home runs, and 21 RBIs in 49 games. He won a Silver Slugger Award that season.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Anderson was the cover athlete for the 2021 installment of the "R.B.I. Baseball" video game series. On July 10, 2021, Anderson was named to the 2021 MLB All-Star Game. At the MLB Field of Dreams Game on August 12, 2021, Anderson hit a walk-off home run in the bottom of the ninth inning off of Zack Britton to win the game for the White Sox over the New York Yankees, 9–8. Overall in 2021, Anderson batted .309/.338/.469 in 123 games hitting 17 home runs and 61 RBIs. He had the lowest walk percentage in the major leagues, at 4.0%.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: During the White Sox game against the Cleveland Guardians on April 20, 2022, Anderson gave fans the finger. Anderson apologized after the game. MLB suspended him for one game, though he appealed the suspension.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: In a 2019 interview, Anderson said that he kind of felt like "today's Jackie Robinson" in reference to him wanting to change baseball. During a game on May 21, 2022 against the New York Yankees, Yankees third baseman Josh Donaldson mockingly called Anderson "Jackie". Later in the game, White Sox catcher Yasmani Grandal confronted Donaldson, leading to both teams clearing their benches. After the game, manager Tony La Russa later called Donaldson's comment "racist" and Anderson agreed with him. Donaldson was suspended one game for "inappropriate comments" and apologized to both Anderson and Robinson's widow.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Despite all the events, Anderson made the All-Star team for the second year in a row. Anderson was named the starter at shortstop for the American League becoming the first White Sox shortstop to start in the All-Star game since Luis Aparicio in 1970. In the game, Anderson went 1-for-2 with a single in the 4th.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: On July 30, 2022, Anderson was thrown out of the game by umpire Nick Mahrley after arguing balls and strikes. Anderson became irate and he seemingly bumped Mahrley with his helmet to the umpire's cap. The next day, the league suspended Anderson three games and fined him an undisclosed amount for making illegal contact with an umpire, pending an appeal. On August 9, Anderson was placed on the IL with a torn hand ligament and was out for the rest of the season. Overall in 2022, Anderson appeared in 79 games with an average of .301 hitting 6 home runs and 25 RBI's


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: Anderson and his wife, Bria (nee Evans), have two daughters. Their first daughter was born in 2016 and their second was born in 2019. The family reside in Chicago year-round.


title: Tim Anderson (baseball)

text: In 2017, Anderson's best friend was shot and killed in Tuscaloosa; they were both godfathers to each others' daughters. This inspired Anderson to create a charitable foundation, called Anderson's League of Leaders, with the goal of supporting children in school and at home. The foundation financially supports interventions in various causes, including bullying and gun violence. Anderson has been known for doing charity work around the south and west sides of Chicago which he calls his "adopted hometown". In 2019, Anderson brought 75 kids from the south side of Chicago to the theater to watch the film "42" (2013), a biopic about baseball player Jackie Robinson.


title: Bride of Christ

text: The bride of Christ or the lamb's wife is a term used in reference to a group of related verses in the Bible, in the Gospels, Revelation, the Epistles and related verses in the Old Testament. Sometimes, the bride is implied by calling Jesus a bridegroom. For over 1500 years, the Church was identified as the bride betrothed to Christ. However, there are instances of the interpretation of the usage varying from church to church. Most believe that it always refers to the church.


title: Bride of Christ

text: In the Gospel of John, John the Baptist speaks of Jesus Christ as the bridegroom and mentions the bride.


title: Bride of Christ

text: That is the only place in the Gospels that the bride is mentioned, but because a bridegroom must have a bride, all other mentions of the bridegroom imply the bride.


title: Bride of Christ

text: In the Gospels, when Jesus is asked why his disciples do not fast, but the followers of John and the Pharisees do, Jesus answers:


title: Bride of Christ

text: In , and , the Apostles are referred to as the friends, guests, or children depending on the translation, of the Bridegroom commonly accepted to be Jesus Christ.


title: Bride of Christ

text: In the above passages, John, the author of the Book of Revelation, speaks of seeing the bride revealed and refers to her as the New Jerusalem, first mentioned in .


title: Bride of Christ

text: Note - The Greek word for bride is νύμφη (nymfi or numphe) as in Revelation 21:2, 9, (cf., 18:23; 22:17). This word, νύμφη , is understood to mean "a son's wife," or "daughter-in-law," -"bride." Revelation 19:7 which has γυνὴ (gune) means "wife" or "woman". The context of Revelation 19:7 is marriage so this should inform the reader why numerous Bible translations are consistent with the Greek in translating γυνὴ as "bride". The text provides the context coupled with an understanding of the culture. She is a betrothed "woman" getting married - a bride. Bride is the word chosen in translations such as NIV, NLT, ESV, NASB, ISV etc.,


title: Bride of Christ

text: In , Paul compares the union of husband and wife to that of Christ and the church. The central theme of the whole Ephesians letter is reconciliation of the alienated within the unity of the church. Ephesians 5 begins by calling on Christians to imitate God and Christ, who gave himself up for them with love. contains a rather strong warning against foolishness and letting down one's guard against evil. Rather, the author encourages the readers to constantly give thanks with song in their hearts because of what God has done for all in Christ. That prelude to the subject's text takes up again the theme of loving submission that began with the example of Christ in : "Be submissive to one another out of reverence for Christ." It implies that the "Bride" is the body of believers that comprise the universal Christian "Ekklēsia" (Church) (lit. "called-out ones").


title: Bride of Christ

text: The "ekklēsia" is never explicitly called "the bride of Christ" in the New Testament. That is approached in . A major analogy is that of the body. Just as husband and wife are to be "one flesh", this analogy for the writer describes the relationship of Christ and "ekklēsia". Husbands were exhorted to love their wives "just as Christ loved the "ekklēsia" and gave himself for it. When Christ nourishes and cherishes the "ekklēsia," he nourishes and cherishes his own flesh. Just as the husband, when he loves his wife is loving his own flesh. Members of the "ekklēsia" are "members of his own body" because it is written in "and the two shall become one flesh". In Paul quotes the Genesis passage as what has been called a "divine postscript".


title: Bride of Christ

text: In writing to the Church of Corinth in 2 Corinthians 11 Paul writes to warn the community of false teachers who would teach of another Christ, and to confess his concern that they will believe someone who teaches a false Christ, other than Christ Jesus of Nazareth whom he preached; Paul referred to the Church in Corinth as being espoused to Christ. "For I am jealous over you with godly jealousy: for I have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ. But I fear, lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve through his subtlety, so your minds should be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ. For if he that cometh preacheth another Jesus, whom we have not preached, or if ye receive another spirit, which ye have not received, or another gospel, which ye have not accepted, ye might well bear with him".


title: Bride of Christ

text: In the writing to the Church in Rome, Paul writes, "Wherefore, my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ; that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit unto God" ("emphasis added"). Here, Paul seems to suggest that the Church is to be married to Jesus Christ of Nazareth, who was raised from the dead.


title: Bride of Christ

text: While the most commonly accepted interpretation of the bride of Christ is the Church, there are other, uncommon interpretations. A possible alternate interpretation is to regard nuns as being brides of Christ, with their taking monastic vows regarded as a "marriage" to Christ and their keeping their vows – as being faithful to that Divine husband. A notable promoter of that interpretation was Gertrude the Great, a highly influential Christian mystic of the 13th century. It is known that, together with her friend and teacher Mechtilde, Gertrude practiced a spirituality called "nuptial mysticism", and came to see herself as the Bride of Christ.


title: Bride of Christ

text: St. Bernard of Clairvaux, in his sermons on the Song of Songs, interprets the bride of Christ as the soul and the union thereof as the mystical union of the soul with Christ.


title: Bride of Christ

text: The earliest Christian tradition identifies texts from the Hebrew Bible as symbolic of the divine love of God and people. The love poems of the Song of Songs and the latter prophet Hosea have many references to an intimate, spousal relationship between God and his people. The prophet Hosea notes his bride in chapter 2, verses 16 and following. The theme of bridal love is central in the dramatic marriage of Hosea ().


title: Thomas Kurian

text: Thomas Kurian is an Indian-American business executive and Chief Executive Officer of Google Cloud since 2019.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: Thomas Kurian was born to P.C. Kurian and his wife Molly in 1966 in Pampady village of Kottayam district in Kerala, India. Kurian senior was a chemical engineer and the general manager of Graphite India. Thomas Kurian was one among four brothers including his identical twin George Kurian, who was in 2015 made the CEO of NetApp.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: As their father's career involved moving around India, the twins boarded at the Jesuit-run St Joseph's Boys High School in Bangalore. Both were accepted to the prestigious IIT Madras. There they both took SAT tests and sent the results to various colleges, including Princeton University, which offered both of them partial scholarship places. At the age of 17, along with George Kurian, he moved to the United States. Kurian graduated from Princeton with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering, from which he graduated summa cum laude.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: After Princeton, Kurian started his career with McKinsey & Company as a consultant serving clients in the software, telecommunications, and financial services industries for 6 years in London and Brussels. He also pursued an MBA from Stanford Graduate School of Business. He was an Arjay Miller Scholar.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: At the time, George was working for Oracle. In 1996, the brothers switched companies when George was hired by McKinsey, and Thomas, by Oracle


title: Thomas Kurian

text: Kurian joined Oracle in 1996, initially holding various product management and development positions. His first executive role was as Vice President of Oracle's e-Business division. In this role, he drove a number of company-wide initiatives focused on transforming Oracle into an e-Business.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: Next Kurian took responsibility for the Oracle Fusion Middleware product family. Under his leadership, that business became the company's fastest-growing business and the industry's leading middleware product suite.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: Later, Kurian served as a Senior Vice President of Oracle's Server Technologies Division responsible for the development and delivery of Oracle Application Servers. He played a key role in bringing Oracle 9i application server to market. Application server software became Oracle's fastest-growing business primarily because of his efforts. Kurian served as a member of Oracle's executive committee for 13 years. He led 35,000-people software development team in 32 countries with an R&D budget of $4 billion. He also helped in the transformation of Oracle's products with the introduction of leading suite of Cloud Services, led 60 software acquisitions and Oracle's 45 Cloud data centres.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: As the President of Product Development, he oversaw Oracle's 3,000-odd product development efforts. He was responsible for development and delivery of Oracle's software product portfolio including Oracle Database, Oracle Fusion Middleware, and ERP, CRM, and supply chain management applications.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: Thomas Kurian was the 18th highest-paid man in the US in 2010, according to CNN. He was also the fifth highest-paid tech executive in 2010.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: On September 6, 2018, Kurian announced he was taking extended time off from the company. Kurian and Larry Ellison reportedly had a falling out over the direction of its cloud business.


title: Thomas Kurian

text: Kurian joined Google's Cloud organization in November 2018. During his first year at Google, Kurian focused on selling G Suite applications to enterprise clients. He has reorganized the sales team to align with Sales practices of enterprise clients.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The Baylor Bears football team represents Baylor University in Division I FBS college football. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference. After 64 seasons at the off-campus Baylor Stadium, renamed Floyd Casey Stadium in 1989, the Bears opened the new on-campus McLane Stadium for the 2014 season.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor University's football team has seen a wide variation in its success through the years, including an undefeated 3–0 perfect record in 1900.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Initially, starting in the year 1898, the university played its home games on an unnamed field near the university campus. Beginning in 1905, the team's home games were played at Carroll Field, between the Carroll Science Building and Waco Creek. Baylor did not adopt a mascot (the Baylor Bears) until December 14, 1914 after the completion of the 1914 football season.[2] Additionally, Baylor did not join an athletic conference until 1914 after the conclusion of the football season, when it became a founding member of the Southwest Conference. Baylor played its first home game against Toby's Business College (located in Waco) in 1899, its first away game on 4 November 1900, at Austin College, and its first neutral-site game against Texas A&M in 1901.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: For the 1899 and 1900 seasons, the team was coached by R.H. Hamilton, whose 5–1–1 record was distinguished with never having a losing record; in 1899, Baylor played, and lost, its first game against Texas A&M, which would become a rivalry (until 2012 when Texas A&M changed conferences), the Battle of the Brazos, with over 100 games played in the series by 2003. W.J. Ritchie coached the 1901 team, leading it to a 5–3 record; in this year, the first games of the Baylor-Texas and Baylor-TCU series were played. Texas Christian University (known as AddRan Male & Female College until 1902) was located in Waco from 1895 to 1910 and was one of Baylor's greatest football rivals until the dissolution of the Southwest Conference in 1995. The 1901 season also welcomed Baylor's first Thanksgiving Day football game, with a 28–0 win over St. Edward's University. J.C. Ewing took control of the team in 1902, and led it to its first losing season, with a 3–4–2 record. R.N. Watts restored Baylor's winning tradition in 1903, with a record of 4–3–1.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: No team was fielded in 1906 following a ban opposing the violence of football; along with 1943 and 1944 (during World War II), 1906 is one of three seasons since 1899 that Baylor has not competed in varsity football. Luther Burleson headed the restored football team in 1907, and managed a 4–3–1 record. E.J. Mills led the team for the 1908 and 1909 seasons; their 3–5–0 and 5–3–0 records were notable for the 1908 loss to LSU, and for the world's first "Homecoming" at the 1909 Thanksgiving Day game, which included a concert, parade, and bonfire. To this day, Baylor claims the honor of having the largest homecoming parade in the world.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor has many traditions such as the Baylor-TCU rivalry game which is one of the most played in all of college football, the Battle of the Brazos (through 2011 when Texas A&M left the Big 12), membership in the historic Southwest Conference, a live bear mascot since 1915 and the Baylor Line.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: In 1966, John Hill Westbrook of Elgin, Texas became the first African American to play varsity football in the Southwest Conference when he joined the Baylor team.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor won the SWC Championship in 1915, 1916, 1922 and again in 1924. In 1956 Baylor came close to the SWC title again but finished second and was sent to face the undefeated No. 2 Tennessee Volunteers in the 1957 Sugar Bowl. Baylor defeated Johnny Majors and the No. 2 Volunteers 13–7. This was the highest ranked opponent Baylor had ever defeated until defeating No. 1 ranked Kansas State in 2012. The 1924 SWC Championship would be the last for many decades until Baylor won the conference again in 1974 under the leadership of third year head coach Grant Teaff. From the late 1940s until the mid-1960s, Baylor also played in the 1952 Orange Bowl (vs. Georgia Tech), twice in the Gator Bowl (vs. Auburn and Florida), and the Bluebonnet (beating LSU), Dixie (beating Wake Forest) and Gotham Bowl (beating No. 10 ranked Utah St in New York City).


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor had finished in last place in 4 of the last 7 seasons including the year before and had not won the conference championship in 50 years. Also, prior to this season, they had never appeared in the Cotton Bowl. Furthermore, coming into the 1974 season Baylor had lost 16 consecutive games to the Texas Longhorns. The 1974 Texas vs Baylor game looked like another easy win for Texas as the Longhorns took quick control of the game and went into halftime leading 24–7. Baylor was energized starting the 2nd half however, sparked by a blocked punt early in the 3rd quarter. The Bears rallied to a thrilling 34–24 victory over the Longhorns. Baylor went on to win the conference title that year and a first ever trip to the Cotton Bowl (the first time in seven seasons that Texas did not win the Southwest Conference title). The entire 1974 Baylor football season was dubbed the "Miracle on the Brazos" by many sports writers at the time. The win over Texas and the SWC championship have thus become a special part of Baylor's athletic history.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: One of the most successful coaches in Baylor football history was Grant Teaff. He led the Bears to conference titles in 1974, his third year in the program, and again in 1980 when he led the Bears to the Cotton Bowl to face the Alabama Crimson Tide. Grant Teaff recruited famous players such as Mike Singletary, Thomas Everett, Walter Abercrombie and James Francis to play football at Baylor University. Teaff was also named National Coach of the Year after the 1974 season. He would go on to serve until 1992 leading Baylor to eight bowl games as well as the aforementioned Southwest Conference championships (1974, 1980) in his 21 years as head coach.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Chuck Reedy was coach for four seasons and compiled a record of 23–22. His 1994 team was part of a 5-way co-championship of the Southwest Conference, though an ineligible Texas A&M held a better conference record. In 1996 Baylor joined Texas, Texas Tech, and Texas A&M, along with the Big 8 conference schools, to form the Big 12 Conference.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor was led by a succession of coaches with mediocre results. Dave Roberts was coach from 1997 to 1998 and compiled a 4–18 record.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Kevin Steele followed from 1999 to 2002 and posted a 9–36 record. He was succeeded by Guy Morriss from 2003 to 2007 who compiled an 18–40 record.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The 2010 season was a breakthrough for the Baylor Bears. Baylor earned an invitation to the Texas Bowl in Houston after finishing the regular season with a 7–5 record, this was their first bowl appearance since 1995. In the regular season the Bears victories included Big 12 conference wins over Kansas and Kansas St, as well as road wins over Colorado and Texas.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Building on the success of the 2010 team, Baylor began the 2011 season at home with an upset of No. 14 TCU, winners of the previous season's Rose Bowl. The Bears also won their next two games before traveling to Kansas State where they lost a tightly contested game by a single point. Baylor then defeated Iowa State 49–26 for the first conference win of the year before finishing October by losing two straight on the road, to A&M and eventual conference champion No. 3 Oklahoma State. The Bears rebounded to finish the regular season, with five straight victories including a Homecoming win over Missouri, a 31–30 overtime victory at Kansas in which Baylor tied a school record by overcoming a 21-point deficit in the 4th quarter, and the program's first win over No. 5 Oklahoma on a 34-yard touchdown pass from Griffin to Terrance Williams with 8 seconds remaining in the game. Baylor concluded November in Dallas playing against Texas Tech in Cowboys Stadium; although Griffin left the game due to a concussion at the half, backup Nick Florence entered the game and led the Bears to a 66–42 victory. The Bears finished the regular season at home with a 48–24 victory over No. 22 Texas that propelled the team (9–3, 6–3 Big XII) to the Alamo Bowl with No. 12 and No. 15 BCS and AP rankings respectively, and propelled Griffin to the top of the Heisman Trophy voting; he became the first Baylor player to win the award and the first Baylor player since Don Trull in 1963 to factor significantly in the voting. In the Alamo Bowl, the Bears faced the Washington Huskies in what became the second-highest scoring bowl game in history, and the highest-scoring regulation bowl game ever. Baylor went up 21–7 early in the game, with Griffin throwing for one touchdown and rushing for another. The Huskies roared back with 28 unanswered points, and the teams finished the half with Washington leading 35–24. In the second half, with the defenses showing limited ability to cope with the high-powered offenses led by Griffin and Husky QB Keith Price, the teams traded scores. The Bears overcame the halftime deficit, going ahead for good 60–56 halfway in the 4th quarter, and Baylor RB Terrance Ganaway tacked on a final 43-yard touchdown run. Ganaway finished with 21 carries for 200 yards and 5 TDs and was recognized as the game's offensive MVP.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor's 2012 season opened in Waco against the SMU Mustangs. Quarterback Nick Florence – now a senior, having burned his redshirt season to play the second half against Texas Tech in 2011 after Griffin III left with a concussion – led the Bears to a 59–24 victory. Two weeks later, a victory at home against No. 2 FCS Sam Houston State gave Baylor fans their first glimpse of things to come when Oregon transfer running back Lache Seastrunk, who entered the game in the 4th quarter, put Baylor ahead 41–23 with a 15-yard touchdown rush. Baylor then traveled to Louisiana-Monroe to face a Warhawk team which had notched a stunning victory over No. 8 Arkansas and had subsequently taken Auburn to overtime. A 47–42 Baylor victory represented the Bears' 9th consecutive win (at the time, the 2nd longest streak in the FBS) and gave the Bears a No. 24 ranking. The win streak was broken during Baylor's first trip to Morgantown, West Virginia, by a No. 7 ranked Mountaineer team playing their inaugural Big 12 conference game. The 70–63 shootout saw several Big 12 records set, notably including the single-game receiving record by Baylor receiver Terrance Williams (314 yards). The loss dropped Baylor from the rankings and represented the start of a 4-game skid during which time Baylor lost in Waco to TCU, at No. 25 Texas, and at Iowa State. A win at home against Kansas and a loss at No. 12 Oklahoma left the Bears fighting for bowl eligibility. Baylor shocked the college football world the next week by soundly beating No. 1 Kansas State in Waco 52–24. A 12-yard Florence touchdown rush in the first quarter gave Baylor a 14–7 lead which was never relinquished. The Baylor defense highlighted the game with a stout goal-line stand in the 4th quarter and intercepted Heisman hopeful Collin Klein three times, the last in the endzone to set up an 80-yard touchdown run by Lache Seastrunk. The victory over Kansas State represented the program's first ever win over a No. 1 ranked team and sparked a 3-game win streak for Baylor (with a 52–45 overtime victory over Texas Tech in Cowboys Stadium and a 41–34 victory in Waco over No. 23 Oklahoma State). During the OSU game Seastrunk again achieved recognition for a 76-yard touchdown rush, outrunning the Oklahoma State secondary despite suffering a quadriceps cramp near midfield. The conclusion of Baylor's 7–5 2012 campaign marked the first time since 1949–51 that the Bears have enjoyed three consecutive seasons with 7+ wins. On December 2, Baylor accepted a berth in the Holiday Bowl, sending the Bears to a third consecutive bowl for the first time in program history. Baylor easily defeated the No. 17-ranked UCLA Bruins in the Holiday Bowl on December 27, 2012 by a final margin of 49–26 after jumping out to a 21–0 lead early in the 2nd quarter. Lache Seastrunk (RB) and Chris McAllister (DE) were named Offensive Player and Defensive Player of the game respectively.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: In 2013, Baylor had arguably its best regular season in school history. A best-ever 9–0 start propelled the Bears to a No. 3 national ranking in the AP Poll. However, after an on-the-road loss to Oklahoma State, the Bears needed victories in their last two games and an Oklahoma State loss to have an opportunity to clinch the outright Big 12 title. With the Cowboys' loss, Baylor's season-closing game against Texas — the final game at Floyd Casey Stadium — became a de facto Big 12 championship game. Baylor defeated the Longhorns, 30–10, to notch a school-record 11th win and its first outright conference title since 1980. It also assured the team a Fiesta Bowl berth, the Bears' first-ever BCS bowl appearance and their first major bowl in 33 years. Baylor was defeated in the Fiesta Bowl by the University of Central Florida 52–42. Bryce Petty, the Bears' quarterback, placed 7th in the overall 2013–14 Heisman race in New York, the second Heisman Trophy candidate set forth by Baylor in the last three record-breaking seasons. Petty was voted Big 12 Offensive Player of the Year following the season.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: From 2012 to 2016, Baylor was rocked by a sexual assault scandal which resulted in the dismissal of head coach Art Briles, as well as the resignations of Athletic Director Ian McCaw, the University President Kenneth Starr, and the Title IX coordinator Patty Crawford.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The Big 12 Conference conditionally withheld $6 million from Baylor's yearly payout until Baylor could certify changes were implemented. In March 2017, the Texas Ranger Division confirmed that it had begun a "preliminary investigation" into whether or not the university or Waco PD had broken any laws. On March 7, 2017, U.S. District Judge Robert L. Pitman dismissed several claims made in a lawsuit against the university while allowing others to proceed.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Jim Grobe took over as interim head coach for Baylor and led them to their 7th straight bowl appearance and a 31-12 victory over highly favored Boise State (10-2 record) at the Cactus Bowl in Arizona. Baylor finished the season with a 7-6 record.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: In December 2016 former Temple coach, Matt Rhule, was hired as the head Baylor football coach and given a 7 year contract. Rhule subsequently replaced all of the prior football coaches and support staff and completed the hiring process in February 2017.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Coach Rhule and the Bears suffered through a disastrous first season in 2017, finishing the year with a 1-11 record. A 38-9 victory on the road in week 10 over the Kansas Jayhawks was the lone win. The rest of the season was sprinkled with some positives, including a close loss vs No. 3 Oklahoma (49-41) and a 2 point loss to No. 23 West Virginia (38-36). In 2018 Coach Rhule led the Baylor Bears to one of the nations biggest 1 year turnaround seasons, going from 1 win to 7 wins after a thrilling Texas Bowl victory over Vanderbilt (45-38). Baylor finished the year with a 7-6 record but was close to having a very good season as 4 losses came on the road to top 20 competition (No. 6, No. 9, No. 13, No. 20). The 2019 season will go down as one of the best ever in Baylor football history. The Bears finished the regular season T-1st in the Big 12 with an 11-1 record, matching the program record for wins. The Bears played Oklahoma in the Big 12 Championship game but lost in a close, hard fought game. To finish the season, Baylor was ranked No. 7 in the CFP poll and was selected to play the No. 5 Georgia Bulldogs in the Sugar Bowl. They lost this game by a score of 14-26. On January 7, 2020, Rhule was hired as the head coach of the Carolina Panthers of the NFL, leaving Baylor after completely turning around the football program and its national perception.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: In January 2020, after Rhule's departure for the Panthers, Baylor hired former LSU defensive coordinator Dave Aranda. In Aranda's first season, the team compiled a 2–7 record, with wins against Kansas (0–9) and Kansas State (4–6).


title: Baylor Bears football

text: On December 4, 2021, Baylor held off an Oklahoma State rally to win the Big 12 Championship Game 21-16. Coach Dave Aranda took responsibility for a controversial decision to go for the first down on a 4th-and-1 at their own 36. The failed conversion triggered the Oklahoma State rally. However, Coach Aranda owned up to the call in a post-game interview, explaining that Baylor Football is about seizing opportunities when they are available; an attitude that ultimately won them the game.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Oklahoma State had the ball at the Baylor 2-yard line with 1:19 to go. Baylor stopped them on 3 runs and a pass for one of the all-time great goal-line stands.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor has won ten conference championships, won in two different conferences, six outright and four shared.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor has played in 26 bowl games, garnering a record of 14–12. Baylor has appeared in 8 New Year's Day bowl games and 8 major bowl games.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor's rivalry with TCU is one of the oldest and most played in all of college football. Dating back to 1899 the series began while TCU was located in Waco, Texas as a cross-town rival to Baylor. Due to the close proximity of the two schools 23 games were played between 1899 and 1910. A fire in 1910 destroyed the Main Building on the TCU campus and financial incentives from the city of Fort Worth convinced the Board of Trustees to relocate TCU to that city. There was a ten-year break in the series when the dissolution of the Southwest Conference in 1996 resulted in the two universities joining separate athletic conferences. The series resumed in Waco for Baylor's 2006 home opener and continued in 2007 in Fort Worth. TCU leads the series 58–53–7 through the conclusion of the 2022 season.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The Baylor Bears are Texas Tech's most played opponent with 80 meetings between the teams dating back to 1929. From 2009-2018, the Bears played the Red Raiders at AT&T Stadium during the Saturday after Thanksgiving (with the exception of the 2010 game which was played at the Cotton Bowl during the State Fair of Texas). Starting with the 2019 season, the series moved back to the two schools respective on campus stadiums with Baylor hosting in Waco in 2019 and Texas Tech hosting in Lubbock in 2020. As of the conclusion of the 2021 season, Baylor leads the overall series 40–39–1.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Texas A&M is one of Baylor's oldest rivals as the series dates from 1899 and the two schools are located only 90 miles apart on the Brazos River. The competitive peak of the series was from 1960–1990 when Baylor won 13 games, A&M won 16 games and 2 games ended in ties. During that time 18 games were decided by 7 points or fewer. The game played in 2011 is likely the end of the series for the foreseeable future given A&M's decision to leave the Big 12 Conference. Texas A&M leads the series 68–31–9 with the most recent game played in 2011.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The Baylor Bears had played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium, originally known as Baylor Stadium, since the facility opened in 1950 till closure in 2013. Construction began on what would become Floyd Casey Stadium right after World War II in 1948. The stadium cost $1.8 million to construct and was placed on land donated by a local Baylor landowner. It opened under the name Baylor Stadium in 1950 with a game against Houston, won by Baylor 34–7. When finished the new stadium was the second largest football stadium in the state of Texas. Floyd Casey Stadium had a seating capacity of 50,000 and had undergone multiple renovations during its lifetime, most recently in 2009.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Prior to the Bears time at Floyd Casey Stadium, the Bears played at Municipal Stadium (1936–1949), Cotton Palace (1926–1929), on campus at Carroll Field (1906–1925 and 1930–1935). As of the 2012 season Carroll Field has been the only on-campus homefield for the Bears.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: In the Fall of 2012, Baylor University began construction of a new $266 million stadium on the north bank of the Brazos River. The stadium opened for the 2014 football season with the first game taking place on August 31, 2014 against former Southwest Conference rival Southern Methodist University (SMU). The new McLane Stadium was named after Drayton McLane, Jr. who donated a significant amount of money toward the stadium's construction. McLane Stadium is the largest construction project in the history of Waco and Central Texas, and has brought increased revenue to the downtown Waco area. Although McLane Stadium is smaller in capacity than its predecessor, Floyd Casey Stadium, it is expandable to up to 55,000 seats.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The Simpson Center was built in 2009 and provides a 97,000 foot facility to house football operations. The building also houses the 13,500 foot football weight room. The building is built in a classic collegiate style matching the red brick southern architectural style of the Baylor University campus and is over three stories tall. It houses the main athletic training room, football team locker room, equipment room, coach's locker room, and a large primary weight room. The Simpson Center also houses academic support rooms for studying and academic work. Equipment for sports and athletic rehabilitation include the new state of the art underwater treadmills built into the Simpson Center.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The indoor practice facility is a full football field and A/C building that allows Baylor athletics to practice in all weather conditions year round. The Indoor facility was a gift from longtime Baylor letterwinner and successful businessman Jay Allison along with his wife Jenny. The new state of the art indoor field was designed to be a part of the Highers Athletic Complex and backs up to the Brazos river. The building was built in 2010 for an estimated cost of $15.4 million.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The Bears have finished in the final season rankings of the AP Poll or Coaches Poll 18 times. The AP Poll first appeared in 1934, and has been published continuously since 1936. The Coaches Poll began its ranking with 20 teams in 1950–51 season, but expanded to 25 teams beginning in the 1990–91 season. The College Football Playoff rankings were used from 2014-23 for a four-team knockout tournament to determine a national champion; a 12-team playoff is planned beginning in 2024.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: A total of two Baylor coaches and eight Baylor players have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame to date.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor has had four Heisman Trophy candidates, an award given to the best player in college football, with one candidate winning the trophy.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The Baylor Line is one of the first aspects of Baylor spirit to which freshmen are introduced. The 'Baylor Line' is made entirely of freshmen and is the core of Baylor spirit and tradition. Students wear a gold football jersey with the number of their expected graduation year and a chosen nickname on the back.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Before each football game the Baylor Line gathers at one end of McLane Stadium and waits for the signal to make a 'mad dash' down the field to create a giant human tunnel through which the football team runs through to enter the stadium. Six members of the Baylor Line carry flags with the letters "B-A-Y-L-O-R" while the rest of the Line runs behind them. Afterwards students rush the sidelines and stand in an exclusive Baylor Line section behind the opponents' bench where students watch the game, cheer the Bears to another victory, and heckle the opposing team.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: It began as an all-male organization until 1993, when women were allowed to join. At its inception the Baylor Line was a group of freshmen men who lined the front of Baylor's student section for the express purpose of protecting Baylor women from the other teams more violent fans.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The jersey colors of the Line were originally rotated between green in odd numbered years and gold in even numbered years through 1998 (class of 2002). This changed to green every year until around 2001, when in the interest of having a more substantial looking student section the decision was made to use gold every year. The green jerseys are now used for members of the Baylor University Chamber of Commerce who lead the Baylor Line in chants; these jerseys have "CC" on the back instead of a graduation year.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Baylor keeps two American black bears, Joy and Lady, on campus in their natural habitat enclosure as mascots for the University. American black bears roamed the majority of Texas in considerable abundance when Baylor was founded in 1845, and bears could still be found throughout many areas of the state until the 1940s. The university has had live bears since 1915. The first live bear was a gift from Herbert Mayr, a local businessman who won the bear in a poker game from a member of the troops of the 107th Engineers, which was a unit of the 32nd Infantry Division stationed at Camp MacArthur in Waco. The soldiers were based in the city during World War I. The Bears are brought to the stadium by the Baylor Chamber spirit group on game days and they attend pre-game events and stay to be the living symbol of the University at the games. However, since 2010 the bears are no longer allowed at football games or other campus events on leashes. The USDA informed Baylor officials that they would no longer be permitted to bring the bears to games per Federal Code of Regulations 2.131(c)(1)which states "During public exhibition, any animal must be handled so there is minimal risk of harm to the animal and to the public, with sufficient distance and/or barriers between the animal and the general viewing public so as to assure the safety of the animals and the public."


title: Baylor Bears football

text: Before kickoff and after each games conclusion Baylor fans sing the University alma mater 'That Good Old Baylor Line' while holding their "Bear claws" in the air. The tune is set to the 1949 classic "In the Good Old Summertime."


title: Baylor Bears football

text: The traditional Baylor uniform worn for home games consists of a gold helmet with a green interlocking BU logo on the sides and green & white stripes down the middle, green jersey, and white or gold pants; a white jersey is substituted for the green one for road games. In recent seasons, both a matte green helmet and a white helmet have been used as alternates to the gold helmet. Black jerseys as well as black or green pants have also been used giving the Bears multiple uniform combinations to choose from.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: On August 11, 2014, the Baylor Bears won the online fan vote for college football's best uniform awarded by Sporting News Magazine.


title: Baylor Bears football

text: In 2019, Baylor university updated their athletic marks across all sports, including football. This included an updated primary interlocking "BU" logo, as well as a new proprietary number font and alternate bear head logo. The football uniforms were updated with the new font for the numbers, primary logo on the helmet, and an inclusion of the bear head logo on the collar.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: It is the geographic southern tip of the African continent and the beginning of the dividing line between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans according to the International Hydrographic Organization.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: Historically, the cape has been known to sailors as a major hazard on the traditional clipper route. It is sometimes regarded as one of the great capes. It was most commonly known in English as Cape L'Agulhas until the 20th century. The town of L'Agulhas is located near to the cape.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: Cape Agulhas is located in the Overberg region, 170 kilometres (105 mi) southeast of Cape Town. The cape was named by Portuguese navigators, who called it "Cabo das Agulhas"—Portuguese for "Cape of Needles"—after noticing that around the year 1500 the direction of magnetic north (and therefore the compass needle) coincided with true north in the region. The cape is within the Cape Agulhas Local Municipality in the Overberg District of the Western Cape province of South Africa. Agulhas is serviced by the nearby small airport of Andrew's Field.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: South of Cape Agulhas the warm Agulhas Current that flows south along the east coast of Africa retroflects back into the Indian Ocean. While retroflecting, it pinches off large ocean eddies (Agulhas rings) that drift into the South Atlantic Ocean and take enormous amounts of heat and salt into the neighbouring ocean. This mechanism constitutes one of the key elements in the global conveyor belt circulation of heat and salt.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: Cape Agulhas has a gradually curving coastline with rocky and sand beaches. A survey marker and a new marker depicting the African continent are located at the most Southern tip of Africa. The waters of the Agulhas Bank off the coast are quite shallow and are renowned as one of the best fishing grounds in South Africa.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: The rocks that form Cape Agulhas belong to the Table Mountain Group, often loosely termed the Table Mountain sandstone. They are closely linked to the geological formations that are exposed in the spectacular cliffs of Table Mountain, Cape Point and the Cape of Good Hope.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: Cape Agulhas has a warm Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification:"Csb"). The climate is consistently mild, with no temperature or rainfall extremes. According to South African National Parks, who administer the nature reserve, the average rainfall is 400–600 mm per annum, mostly received in winter. Temperature climate data is available for Cape Agulhas, averages are:


title: Cape Agulhas

text: The sea off Cape Agulhas is notorious for winter storms and mammoth rogue waves, which can range up to 30 metres (100 ft) high and can sink even large ships. Over the past few hundred years it has been believed that around 150 ships have sunk around Agulhas. These conditions are caused by a number of factors. The naturally strong winds of the Roaring Forties, which blow from west to east, and the cold Antarctic Circumpolar Current flowing in the same direction, come up against the warmer Agulhas Current in the region of the cape. These conflicting currents of water of different densities, and the west winds blowing against the Agulhas Current, can create extremely hazardous wave conditions; these are further exacerbated by the shallow waters of the Agulhas Bank, a broad, shallow part of the continental shelf which juts 250 kilometres (155 mi) south from the cape, after which it falls steeply away to the abyssal plain.


title: Cape Agulhas

text: These hazards have combined to make the cape notorious among sailors. The coast here is littered with wrecks: "Arniston" (1815), "Geortyrder" (1849), "Elise" (1879), "Cooranga" (1964), "Gwendola" (1968), "Federal Lakes" (1975), and "Gouritz" (1981), but these are just a few of the vessels lost in the proximity of the "Cape of Needles". Owing to the hazards and following the loss of several vessels, notably the "Arniston", a lighthouse was built in 1848. The lighthouse now plays host to a museum and a small rustic restaurant.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven (UNH) is a private university in West Haven, Connecticut. Between its main campus in West Haven and its graduate school campus in Orange, Connecticut, the university grounds cover about 122 acres of land. The university includes The Connecticut Institute of Technology, College of Arts and Sciences, the Pompea College of Business, the Tagliatela College of Engineering, the Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, and the School of Health Sciences. It is one of the few CAE-designated institutions in the country. The university is a member of the Northeast-10 Conference and its mascot is a charger, a medieval war horse.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven was founded in 1920 as the New Haven YMCA Junior College, a division of Northeastern University, which shared buildings, laboratories, and faculty members at Yale University, for nearly 40 years.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven has nearly 100 undergraduate programs and 50 graduate programs. Around 33% of students are enrolled in arts and sciences, 21% in business, 12% in engineering, and 34% in criminal justice and forensic sciences.


title: University of New Haven

text: Some of the university's undergraduate degree programs have been nationally recognized, most notably the nationally accredited engineering programs, forensic science, criminal justice, marine biology, and music and sound recording, as well as music industry. The College of Arts and Sciences' theatre program was selected to host the Kennedy Center American College Theater Festival in January 2012.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven is featured in the" Princeton Review's" 2017 "Best 381 Colleges" guidebook, and the 2021 "The Best 386 Colleges" guidebook. In the previous two years, the university was included in the "Princeton Review's" "Best in the Northeast" list.


title: University of New Haven

text: In the 2020 "U.S. News & World Report" rankings, the University of New Haven was tied for 59th in the regional universities (north) category.


title: University of New Haven

text: In 2015, the University of New Haven's College of Business received accreditation from AACSB International.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven currently houses 48 campus buildings, including the Henry C. Lee Institute of Forensic Science – and the newest building, the Bergami Center for Science, Technology, and Innovation.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven offers 14 on- and off-campus, university-sponsored residence halls. They consist of:


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven has a variety of nonresidential facilities that are used to house classrooms, dining halls and cafés, athletic gyms, and centers for student activities and resources.


title: University of New Haven

text: The Henry C. Lee Institute of Forensic Science opened on the campus of the University of New Haven in the fall of 1998. Dr. Henry C. Lee has been a member of the UNH faculty since 1975. The institute was dedicated on October 15, 2010, and consists of a crime scene center, crisis management center, museum, laboratories, classrooms, a 104-seat lecture hall, and Dr. Lee's office.


title: University of New Haven

text: The institute is also known for holding multiple lectures and classes throughout the year, all of which are taught by practitioners with forensic experience. Popular and often recurring topics include crime-scene and evidence photography, death and homicide investigation, advanced blood stain and pattern analysis, and many others. It has specialties in interdisciplinary research, training, testing, consulting, and education in forensic science, and is able to accomplish this by housing six centers of excellence:


title: University of New Haven

text: The New Haven Chargers are the athletic teams that represent the University of New Haven, located in West Haven, Connecticut, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Chargers' 17 athletics teams, seven for men and 10 for women, compete as members of the Northeast-10 Conference. New Haven has been a member of the NE-10 since 2008.


title: University of New Haven

text: In 2016–2017, the women's volleyball and baseball team won Northeast-10 Conference championships. Overall, 12 of its 16 teams qualified for postseason play, while six teams (men's and women's cross country, volleyball, baseball, women's lacrosse, and softball) advanced to the NCAA championships. Six Chargers were named All-Americans following their respective seasons; Zach Voytek (football), Tyler Condit (football), Kendall Cietek (women's lacrosse), Nicole Belanger (women's lacrosse), Hannah Johnson (women's lacrosse), and Robert Petrillo (baseball). Off the fields, courts and tracks, the Chargers' 300-plus student-athletes combined for a 3.01 grade point average in the spring of 2017, the 18th straight season with a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or higher. Additionally, 343 Chargers received NE10 Commissioner's Honor Roll accolades, while 163 were named to the New Haven Dean's List.


title: University of New Haven

text: Twenty-two club sports are recognized at the University of New Haven. Club sports are recreation or athletics student-led organizations that compete with other universities and colleges. Each club is a University of New Haven-recognized student organization and member of a regional or national governing association. Participation and individual dues vary by club.


title: University of New Haven

text: RECSports is an extensive intramural sport program, which provides participants the opportunity to compete and socialize through organized sports leagues, one-day tournaments, special events, and online programs. Over 50 team and individual sport programs are offered throughout the academic year. Access to all RECSports programs is free and open to all University of New Haven students.


title: University of New Haven

text: Kappa Sigma (ΚΣ) is a colony fraternity formed on September 9, 2017, operating in the West Haven area. This chapter is not recognized by the University of New Haven.


title: University of New Haven

text: The Undergraduate Student Government Association at the University of New Haven houses all of the university's recognized student organizations. Offices are located on the top floor of Bartels Hall, the university's student center.


title: University of New Haven

text: The Student Committee of Programming Events is a student-run programming organization made up of several committees: Spirit and Traditions, Entertainment, Charger Excursions, Film and Technology, Novelty and Variety, and Marketing Chairs.


title: University of New Haven

text: The "Charger Bulletin" is the official, student-run newspaper at the University of New Haven since 1938. It is published weekly in a quarter-folded tabloid format. Both undergraduate and graduate students write for the paper. The "Bulletin" comes out weekly on Tuesdays while classes are in session. The paper version of the "Bulletin" is distributed for free throughout the campus of UNH, and is also published online.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven Chargers Marching Band (UNHMB) is one of the fastest-growing collegiate marching bands in the country, starting in 2009 with only 20 members and now marching over 260.


title: University of New Haven

text: The marching band consists of both undergraduate and graduate students from almost every degree program on campus and is the largest organization on campus. Members include those with championship high-school and drum-corps experience, as well as those whose high-school bands did not march at all. The band performs at all home football games, and several high-school competitions throughout Connecticut, and has also traveled to Fitton Stadium at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, and travels yearly to J. Birney Crum Stadium in Allentown, Pennsylvania, most recently to participate in the Collegiate Marching Band Festival.


title: University of New Haven

text: The band is under the direction of Jason Degroff. The assistant director and battery arranger is Dr. Alexander Casimiro, and the music arranger is Keith Murray.


title: University of New Haven

text: The Chariot Yearbook is a student-run yearbook at the University of New Haven tasked with producing the university's annual yearbook. Typically the Chariot Yearbook highlights: the graduating class, the recognized student organizations, and several campus wide events and celebrations.


title: University of New Haven

text: The university's noncommercial radio station, WNHU-FM, first signed onto the air at 1600 EDT on July 4, 1973. The WNHU studios moved to its current home on Ruden Street into the Lois Evalyn Bergami Broadcast Media Center in 2015. Its location on Ruden Street includes a production space for live and recorded programming, a server room, staff offices, and a student lounge. WNHU is managed by a 10-person student leadership team. Positions include station manager, promotions director, Aircheck director, WNHU program director, director of fundraising, program/music director, and productions director. The University of New Haven's communications department started to work with the radio station for students to have access to the station. The station operates as a laboratory for student learning, and as a source of culturally diverse programming for the communities served.


title: University of New Haven

text: WNHU is broadcast on 88.7 FM; it is considered the best college radio station in Connecticut according to the "New Haven Advocate", which has awarded the station "Best College Radio Station" for over six consecutive years.


title: University of New Haven

text: WNHU is known for eclectic programming, with shows ranging from new music, rock, gospel, funk, and talk shows to specialty formats such as polka and Irish music. Unlike many college or community radio stations where DJs change frequently, some WNHU personalities have hosted shows for years, many of whom are UNH alumni.


title: University of New Haven

text: On June 4, 2013, WNHU broadcast an 11-hour live set featuring DJs of the founding decade of the station. This day-long event, which was held from 10 am to 9 pm EST was in celebration of the station's 40th anniversary. WNHU first broadcast live on the air on June 4, 1973.


title: University of New Haven

text: Students usually start their time on the station with WNHU-2, the online stream from the University of New Haven. Training for students to start their own show is taught by the WNHU2 Director. As stated on wnhu.org, "An unfiltered sense of creative freedom is what WNHU-2 is all about, so you may encounter explicit language, lyrics, and stories. The views expressed on WNHU-2 are those of our students and our students alone."


title: University of New Haven

text: Bucknall Theater was named in honor of William L. Bucknall, Jr who has a passion for theatre and regularly attends shows at the University of New Haven and in New York and London. The theater has about two productions a semester as well as holding several functions for the university throughout the academic year. The space also doubles as a learning space for many of the classes pertaining to the Arts Department, more specifically theatre majors. It is used as a lecture hall and is equipped with pull-out desks on each of the 250 seats.


title: University of New Haven

text: The University of New Haven Black Student Union (BSU) was established in 1973 and was the first student organization on the university's campus for students of color. Like most other BSUs on college campuses at that time, UNH's BSU was born out of the civil rights movement and was proactive in generating change on campus, including cultural awareness programs, requesting African-American history courses, and working closely with fraternities and sororities.


title: University of New Haven

text: On April 6, 2013, the BBSU celebrated its 40th anniversary during the annual Sankofa Ball held during the university's Black and Latino Alumni Weekend.


title: University of New Haven

text: The student-to-faculty ratio is roughly 16:1, with an average class size of 20 students. The university has nearly 510 staff members and 278 full-time faculty members in addition to part-time and adjunct professors. Of full-time faculty, 84.9% hold the highest degree in their field.


title: Sabrina Le Beauf

text: Sabrina Marie Le Beauf (born March 21, 1958) is an American actress best known for her portrayal of Sondra Huxtable on the NBC situation comedy "The Cosby Show". She has voiced the character Norma Bindlebeep on the Nick at Nite animated series "Fatherhood", a show based on Bill Cosby's book of the same name.


title: Sabrina Le Beauf

text: Sabrina was born on March 21, 1958, in New Orleans, Louisiana. Eager to leave the strictly segregated lifestyle of 1950s Louisiana behind, her family moved to Los Angeles, California soon after her birth. Her parents divorced, and Sabrina lived with her maternal grandmother, Sce Ethel Holmes, in south central LA until her mother's remarriage. When Sabrina was 10 years old, she returned to live with her mother and stepfather in Inglewood, California. Acting interested her from a young age, and she performed in many school plays, starring as Cinderella in elementary school. Sabrina also took on leadership roles, including high school class president at St. Matthias Catholic Girls High School and a Girls' State delegate.


title: Sabrina Le Beauf

text: After high school Sabrina attended UCLA, earning her undergraduate degree in theater. During her time at UCLA she became frustrated by the lack of parts offered to African American students, and in response formed a black students' theater group to allow them to put on their own shows. In September 1980, she began graduate work at the Yale School of Drama, where she earned her master's degree in acting.


title: Sabrina Le Beauf

text: In 1984, Le Beauf auditioned for the role of the eldest Huxtable daughter Sondra on "The Cosby Show". 26 years old at the time of her audition, she was initially considered too old to play one of the children, being only 10 years younger than Phylicia Rashad, the actress who played her mother, Clair Huxtable. Pop singer Whitney Houston also auditioned for the same part, but refused to sign the contract as she also wanted to become a singer. Her refusal to sign the contract which would bind her to the show and put a singing career on the back burner forced the producers to give the role to Le Beauf. Sabrina went on to play Sondra Huxtable for all eight seasons of "The Cosby Show", from 1984 through the series' end in 1992. Sondra, a Princeton graduate that went on to marry and start a family of her own, was a popular character on the show; in 1988, 50 million viewers tuned in to watch Sondra give birth to twins, named Winnie and Nelson in honor of Nelson and Winnie Mandela.


title: Sabrina Le Beauf

text: During her time on "The Cosby Show", Le Beauf also appeared in the series "Hotel" and the TV movie "Howard Beach: Making a Case for Murder". She also had brief appearances as bridge officer Ensign Giusti on two episodes of "" and on the comedy "The Sinbad Show." Le Beauf also continued her work in the theater, starring as Rosalind in a production of Shakespeare's "As You Like It".


title: Sabrina Le Beauf

text: Currently, Le Beauf is a frequent leading lady performing with the Shakespeare Theatre Company in Washington, D.C. She recently portrayed Katherine in "The Taming of the Shrew" with the Company in D.C. Le Beauf also appeared in the off-Broadway play “LOVE, LOSS AND WHAT I WORE” that ran from 2009 to 2012.


title: Sabrina Le Beauf

text: While performing at the Folger Theater in Washington, Le Beauf met businessman and producer Michael Reynolds in 1987. They married less than one month later, settling in New York. They remained married for over ten years but filed for divorce in 1997, which Le Beauf described as "a mutual decision."


title: Julia Foster

text: Foster was born in Lewes, Sussex. Her first husband was Lionel Morton, once the lead singer with the 1960s pop band The Four Pennies. She is the mother of television celebrity Ben Fogle with her second husband, veterinarian Bruce Fogle. Foster also built up her own antique furniture business.


title: Julia Foster

text: Foster's credits include the films "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner" (1962), "The System" (1964) with Oliver Reed, "The Bargee" (1964) with Harry H. Corbett, "Alfie" (1966) with Michael Caine, "Half a Sixpence" (1967) with Tommy Steele, and "Percy" (1971) with Hywel Bennett.


title: Julia Foster

text: On television, in 1969, she appeared in the second episode of series 1 of the "Doctor in the House" for London Weekend Television. She also starred as the eponymous heroine in the BBC production of "Moll Flanders" (1975) and also appeared alongside John Stride in the Yorkshire Television series "Wilde Alliance" in 1978. Additionally, she appeared with Michael Winner in a British TV advert for Esure car insurance.


title: Julia Foster

text: She played Queen Margaret of Anjou in the BBC Television Shakespeare adaptations of "Henry VI, Part 1", "Henry VI, Part 2", and "The Tragedy of Richard III", which received its UK broadcast in January 1983.


title: Julia Foster

text: After her stage debut with the Brighton Repertory Theatre, Foster made her London debut in "Travelling Light" in 1965 at the Prince of Wales Theatre; she has since appeared in several London stage productions, including at The Globe Theatre, Lyric Theatre (Hammersmith), Queens Theatre, Criterion Theatre, King's Head Theatre, Royal Court Theatre, Apollo Theatre, New End Theatre, also in the UK at the Nottingham Playhouse, New Theatre, Oxford, Birmingham Repertory Company, and the Citizens Theatre, Glasgow.


title: Julia Foster

text: In 1967, Foster appeared on "Juke Box Jury", in 1971 "Call My Bluff", and in 1976, she was the castaway on "Desert Island Discs".


title: The Firm (novel)

text: The Firm is a 1991 legal thriller by American writer John Grisham. It was his second book and the first which gained wide popularity. In 1993, after selling 1.5 million copies, it was made into a namesake film starring Tom Cruise, Gene Hackman and Jeanne Tripplehorn. Grisham's first novel, "A Time to Kill", came into prominence afterwards due to this novel's success.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Mitch McDeere is a graduate of Western Kentucky University with a degree in accounting, who has passed his Certified Public Accountant exam on the first attempt and graduated third in his class at Harvard Law School. Mitch is married to his high-school sweetheart, Abby McDeere, an elementary school teacher who also attended Western Kentucky University. His older brother Ray is imprisoned in Tennessee for manslaughter, and his other brother, Rusty, died in Vietnam. His mother suffers from mental health issues and lives in Florida.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Mitch spurns offers from law firms in New York and Chicago in favor of signing with Bendini, Lambert and Locke, a small tax law firm based in Memphis. He finds the firm's offer — a large salary, a lease on a new Mercedes], and a low-interest mortgage on a house — too generous to resist. Soon after he joins, his new colleagues help him study and pass his bar exam, the first priority for new associates. Mitch is assigned to partner Avery Tolar, the firm's "bad boy," but a highly accomplished attorney.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Two of Mitch's colleagues, Marty Kozinski and Joe Hodge, die in a scuba diving accident in the Cayman Islands a few days before he starts at the firm. On his first scheduled day of work, Mitch attends their funerals. Mitch finds the deaths unsettling, but focuses on his goal of becoming the youngest partner in the firm's history. During a memorial service at the firm for the two deceased attorneys, Mitch notices plaques commemorating three other attorneys who died while working at the firm. Suspicious, he hires a private investigator, Eddie Lomax, an ex-cellmate of his brother Ray, to investigate the deaths.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Lomax discovers that the other three deceased attorneys died under suspicious circumstances: in a car accident, a hunting accident, and a suicide. While the details of their deaths don't add up, nothing concrete was ever proven. Lomax cautions Mitch to be careful. Soon after delivering his report to Mitch, Lomax is murdered. FBI agent Wayne Tarrance confronts Mitch, telling him the FBI is watching the firm.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: While in Washington, D.C. on business, the FBI approaches Mitch again. The FBI reveals that the firm is a white collar front for the Morolto crime family of Chicago. The firm's founder, Anthony Bendini, was the son-in-law of old man Morolto. He founded the firm in 1944, and for almost half a century, the firm has lured young lawyers from humble backgrounds with the promise of prestige and financial security. Although Mitch's work so far has been legitimate, the partners and senior associates are deeply immersed in a massive tax fraud and money laundering operation that accounts for as much as 75 percent of the firm's business. By the time members of the firm become aware of its true nature, they cannot leave. No lawyer has escaped the firm alive; the five who tried were killed to keep them from talking. Kozinski and Hodge were actually in contact with the FBI at the time of their murders.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Mitch learns that his house, office, and car are bugged. The FBI tells Mitch that in order to get enough evidence to bring down the firm, he must reveal information about his clients. The attorney-client privilege in most U.S. states, including Tennessee, does not apply to situations when a lawyer knows that a crime is taking place. However, if Mitch cooperates, he will have to reveal information about some of his legitimate clients as well, which will all but end his legal career. The FBI warns Mitch that he will almost certainly go to prison if he chooses to ignore them. The firm also ramps up the pressure on Mitch; the firm's security chief, DeVasher, suspects he is getting too close to the FBI. Desperate to find a way out and stay alive in the process, Mitch has to make a decision quickly.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Ultimately, Mitch and Abby decide to cooperate with the FBI. However, they secretly decide to flee after turning over enough evidence to topple the firm, since they do not completely trust the FBI to protect them. He promises to collect enough evidence to bring down the firm in return for $2 million and Ray's release from prison. Working with Lomax's secretary and lover, Tammy Hemphill, Mitch obtains several confidential documents from the firm's bank records in the Cayman Islands, eventually copying over 10,000 documents detailing over 20 years of illegal transactions.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Mitch tells Tarrance that while these documents spell out only a fraction of the firm's criminal activities, they contain enough evidence to indict roughly half the firm's active members and several retired partners. However, the documents will also provide strong circumstantial evidence that the firm is part and parcel of a criminal conspiracy. This will give the FBI probable cause to obtain a search warrant for the firm's building and with it, access to all of the firm's dirty files. Mitch is certain those files will provide enough evidence for a massive RICO indictment that will bring down the firm and cripple the Morolto family.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Meanwhile, the firm becomes suspicious of Mitch. Tarry Ross, alias "Alfred," a top FBI official and close confidant of Voyles who is actually a mole for another crime family, confirms that Mitch is indeed working with the FBI. Once Mitch learns of the leak, he flees to Panama City Beach, Florida with his brother and wife with the Moroltos and FBI chasing them. On the way, he steals $10 million from one of the firm's Grand Cayman bank accounts, sending some of the money to his mother and in-laws, depositing some in a Swiss bank account, and leaving the rest for Tammy.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Mitch, Abby and Ray manage to escape to the Cayman Islands with the help of Barry Abanks, a scuba diving business owner from the islands whose son died in the incident which killed Kozinski and Hodge. Armed with Mitch's evidence, the FBI indicts 51 present and former members of the Bendini firm, as well as 31 alleged members of the Morolto family, for everything from money laundering to mail fraud. As the book ends, Mitch, Abby and Ray enjoy their newfound wealth in the Cayman Islands.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: He told NBC in 2011:My first book was published in 1989, "A Time to Kill". When it came out, it didn't sell. I was very busy then as a lawyer and I told myself, “I’m going to write one more book.” When I was in law school I had a friend he was a top student and this guy was heavily recruited and would go off to visit law firms, and he came back from a trip and he said, “You know, I didn't really feel good about that firm. I got the impression that once you joined the firm you never leave, like it's owned by the Mafia or something.” Well that was ten years earlier but the idea stuck.Grisham began writing "The Firm" the day after he finished "A Time to Kill".


title: The Firm (novel)

text: When he sent the draft to his agent, bootleg copies were made and the story was shopped around Hollywood without Grisham’s knowledge and purchased by Paramount Pictures for $600,000. The existence of a movie deal drove demand for the book deal and the book was purchased by Doubleday.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: Marilyn Stasio of "The New York Times" wrote that "Mr. Grisham, a criminal defense attorney, writes with such relish about the firm's devious legal practices that his novel might be taken as a how-to manual for ambitious tax-law students."


title: The Firm (novel)

text: The success of the novel and the 1993 film led to a 2012 television show set ten years after the events of the original story and ended up running for one season.


title: The Firm (novel)

text: The film based on Grisham's book kept the earlier part of the plot, but has a completely different ending. In the film, Mitch makes a deal with the FBI for his brother's release along with large sums of money in exchange for information about his firm's clients. But rather than betray his oath as a lawyer by turning the confidential files over to the FBI, Mitch finds a devious legal way to keep both the FBI and the Mafia off his back so he can continue to practice as a lawyer though not in Tennessee. Reviewer George Crown noted that "In this case, I have the distinct feeling that the film improved on the book. The book's Mitch undergoes a very sudden transformation - plodding lawyer to dashing action hero. Virtually nothing in what had gone before has given us any idea that he had that in him. The film's Mitch, conversely, stays very much in character. He was a clever young lawyer to start with, that was why The Firm took him on in the first place - but he just gives them a bit more than they bargained for. His way of getting out of the predicament is the quintessential lawyer's way: a very neat, devious (and a bit dubious) legal solution, which only somebody with a good legal mind could have come up with."


title: Ravine

text: A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion. Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout (Nevis), gill or ghyll, glen, gorge, kloof (South Africa), and chine (Isle of Wight)


title: Ravine

text: A ravine is generally a fluvial slope landform of relatively steep (cross-sectional) sides, on the order of twenty to seventy percent in gradient. Ravines may or may not have active streams flowing along the downslope channel which originally formed them; moreover, often they are characterized by intermittent streams, since their geographic scale may not be sufficiently large to support a perennial watercourse.


title: Roshon Fegan

text: Roshon Bernard Fegan (born October 6, 1991), known mononymously as Roshon (stylized as ROSHON, formerly stylized as RO SHON), is an American actor, rapper, and dancer. He is best known for his role as Ty Blue on the Disney Channel original series "Shake It Up" and for his role as Sander Loyer in the Disney Channel movie franchise "Camp Rock" with the Jonas Brothers and Demi Lovato. He writes and produces his own music as well as working with the president of Lava/Universal Republic. In 2012, Roshon appeared on "Dancing with the Stars".


title: Roshon Fegan

text: Roshon Bernard Fegan was born on October 6, 1991, in Los Angeles, California. His father is African-American actor and producer Roy Fegan, whose television credits include "The Shield", "Married... with Children", "The Meteor Man", and "Will & Grace", among others. His mother is Filipino. Raised in Los Angeles, Roshon Fegan had studied at the BK Acting Studio and the USC 32nd Street Performing Arts School as well as attending Tom Bradley Elementary then Hollywood High School, Before leaving to be home-schooled to accommodate his acting career.


title: Roshon Fegan

text: Fegan began his acting career at the age of 12 with a small role in the 2004 feature film "Spider-Man 2", followed by an appearance in 2006 on the TV series "Monk". In 2008, he appeared in the comedy film "Drillbit Taylor" and the VC FilmFest Award winning film "Baby". In June 2008, Fegan gained popular notoriety as Sander Loyer in the Disney Channel original movie "Camp Rock", which was the number one entertainment telecast on cable TV in 2008, with the Jonas Brothers. He also performed songs on the "Camp Rock" soundtrack as well as the DVD bonus track "Camp Rock". In 2010, Fegan reprised his role as Sander in "", the sequel to "Camp Rock". Roshon also co-starred on the Disney Channel original series "Shake It Up!" as Ty Blue, Rocky's older brother.


title: Roshon Fegan

text: Fegan was featured on the 14th season of the ABC show "Dancing with the Stars". Chelsie Hightower was announced as Roshon's ballroom dance partner. He stayed on for eight weeks and was placed in the top 6.


title: Roshon Fegan

text: Roshon is a songwriter, producer, actor, artist and freestyle dancer who learned his moves by watching Michael Jackson and other influential dancers. A drummer since the age of two, Roshon also plays the piano and guitar.


title: Roshon Fegan

text: He has released a number of singles on iTunes and has finished his first self-produced EP "I AM RO SHON" under his own label, "3inaRo Entertainment". The name "3inaRo" (pronounced "three-in-a-row") is a reference to being a triple-threat entertainer in his three passions: acting, freestyle dancing, and music. He currently lives in California with most of his family.


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine, sold under the brand name Nardil, among others, is a non-selective and irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class which is primarily used as an antidepressant and anxiolytic. Along with tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid, phenelzine is one of the few non-selective and irreversible MAOIs still in widespread clinical use. It is typically available in 15 mg tablets and doses usually range from 45–90 mg per day.


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine is primarily used in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients with depressive symptomology characterized as "atypical", "nonendogenous", and/or "neurotic" respond particularly well to phenelzine. The medication is also useful in patients who do not respond favorably to first and second-line treatments for depression, or are "treatment-resistant". In addition to being a recognized treatment for major depressive disorder, phenelzine is effective in treating dysthymia, bipolar depression (BD), panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder, bulimia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine is a non-selective and irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). It inhibits both of the respective isoforms of MAO, MAO-A and MAO-B, and does so almost equally, with slight preference for the former. By inhibiting MAO, phenelzine prevents the breakdown of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, melatonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine, as well as the trace amine neuromodulators such as phenethylamine, tyramine, octopamine, and tryptamine. This leads to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of these neurochemicals and therefore an alteration in neurochemistry and neurotransmission. This action is thought to be the primary mediator in phenelzine's therapeutic benefits.


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine and its metabolites also inhibit at least two other enzymes to a lesser extent, of which are alanine transaminase (ALA-T), and γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T), the latter of which is not caused by phenelzine itself, but by a phenelzine metabolite phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH). By inhibiting ALA-T and GABA-T, phenelzine causes an increase in the alanine and GABA levels in the brain and body. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, and is very important for the normal suppression of anxiety, stress, and depression. Phenelzine's action in increasing GABA concentrations may significantly contribute to its antidepressant, and especially, anxiolytic/antipanic properties, the latter of which have been considered superior to those of other antidepressants. As for ALA-T inhibition, though the consequences of disabling this enzyme are currently not well understood, there is some evidence to suggest that it is this action of the hydrazines (including phenelzine) which may be responsible for the occasional incidence of hepatitis and liver failure.


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine has also been shown to metabolize to phenethylamine (PEA). PEA acts as a releasing agent of norepinephrine and dopamine, which occurs in a similar manner to amphetamine by being taken up into vesicles, displacing and causing the release of those monoamines (though with markedly different pharmacokinetics such as a far shorter duration of action). Although this is indeed the same mechanism to which some (but not all) of amphetamine's effects are attributable to, this is not all that uncommon a property among phenethylamines in general, many of which do not have psychoactive properties comparable to amphetamine. Amphetamine is different in that it binds with high affinity to the reuptake pumps of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, which phenethylamine and related molecules may as well to some extent, but with far less potency, such that it is basically insignificant in comparison. And, often being metabolized too quickly or not having the solubility to enable it to have a psychostimulant effect in humans. Claims that phenethylamine has comparable or roughly similar effects to psychostimulants such as amphetamine when administered are misconstrued. Phenethylamine does not have any obvious, easily discernible, reliably induced effects when administered to humans. Phenelzine's enhancement of PEA levels may contribute further to its overall antidepressant effects to some degree. In addition, phenethylamine is a substrate for MAO-B, and treatment with MAOIs that inhibit MAO-B such as phenelzine have been shown to consistently and significantly elevate its concentrations.


title: Phenelzine

text: Like many other antidepressants, phenelzine usually requires several weeks of treatment to achieve full therapeutic effects. The reason for this delay is not fully understood, but it is believed to be due to many factors, including achieving steady-state levels of MAO inhibition and the resulting adaptations in mean neurotransmitter levels, the possibility of necessary desensitization of autoreceptors which normally inhibit the release of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, and also the upregulation of enzymes such as serotonin N-acetyltransferase. Typically, a therapeutic response to MAOIs is associated with an inhibition of at least 80-85% of monoamine oxidase activity.


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine is administered orally in the form of phenelzine sulfate and is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Time to peak plasma concentration is 43 minutes and half-life is 11.6 hours. Unlike most other drugs, phenelzine irreversibly disables MAO, and as a result, it does not necessarily need to be present in the blood at all times for its effects to be sustained. Because of this, upon phenelzine treatment being ceased, its effects typically do not actually wear off until the body replenishes its enzyme stores, a process which can take as long as 2–3 weeks.


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine is metabolized primarily in the liver and its metabolites are excreted in the urine. Oxidation is the primary routine of metabolism, and the major metabolites are phenylacetic acid and parahydroxyphenylacetic acid, recovered as about 73% of the excreted dose of phenelzine in the urine over the course of 96 hours after single doses. Acetylation to N-acetylphenelzine is a minor pathway. Phenelzine may also interact with cytochrome P450 enzymes, inactivating these enzymes through formation of a heme adduct. Two other minor metabolites of phenelzine, as mentioned above, include phenylethylidenehydrazine and phenethylamine.


title: Phenelzine

text: Common side effects of phenelzine may include dizziness, blurry vision, dry mouth, headache, lethargy, sedation, somnolence, insomnia, anorexia, weight gain or loss, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, urinary retention, mydriasis, muscle tremors, hyperthermia, sweating, hypertension or hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, paresthesia, hepatitis, and sexual dysfunction (consisting of loss of libido and anorgasmia). Rare side effects usually only seen in susceptible individuals may include hypomania or mania, psychosis and acute liver failure, the last of which is usually only seen in people with pre-existing liver damage, old age, long-term effects of alcohol consumption, or viral infection.


title: Phenelzine

text: The MAOIs have certain dietary restrictions and drug interactions. Hypertensive crisis may result from the overconsumption of tyramine-containing foods, although it is a rare occurrence. Patients on phenelzine and other MAOIs are strongly advised to avoid excess quantities of certain foods that contain tyramine such as aged cheeses and cured meats, among others. Serotonin syndrome may result from an interaction with certain drugs which increase serotonin activity such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin releasing agents, and serotonin agonists.


title: Phenelzine

text: As is the case with other MAOIs, there is a concern regarding phenelzine and the use of both local and general anesthetics. Anyone taking phenelzine should inform their dentist before proceeding with dental surgery, and surgeon in any other contexts.


title: Phenelzine

text: Phenelzine has also been linked to vitamin B deficiency. Transaminases such as GABA-transaminase have been shown to be dependent upon vitamin B and may be involved in a potentially related process, since the phenelzine metabolite phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH) is a GABA transaminase inhibitor. Both phenelzine and vitamin B are rendered inactive upon these reactions occurring. For this reason, it may be recommended to supplement with vitamin B while taking phenelzine. The pyridoxine form of B is recommended for supplementation, since this form has been shown to reduce hydrazine toxicity from phenelzine and, in contrast, the pyridoxal form has been shown to increase the toxicity of hydrazines.


title: Side-channel attack

text: In computer security, a side-channel attack is any attack based on extra information that can be gathered because of the fundamental way a computer protocol or algorithm is implemented, rather than flaws in the design of the protocol or algorithm itself (e.g. flaws found in a cryptanalysis of a cryptographic algorithm) or minor, but potentially devastating, mistakes or oversights in the implementation. (Cryptanalysis also includes searching for side-channel attacks.) Timing information, power consumption, electromagnetic leaks, and sound are examples of extra information which could be exploited to facilitate side-channel attacks.


title: Side-channel attack

text: Some side-channel attacks require technical knowledge of the internal operation of the system, although others such as differential power analysis are effective as black-box attacks. The rise of Web 2.0 applications and software-as-a-service has also significantly raised the possibility of side-channel attacks on the web, even when transmissions between a web browser and server are encrypted (e.g. through HTTPS or WiFi encryption), according to researchers from Microsoft Research and Indiana University. Many powerful side-channel attacks are based on statistical methods pioneered by Paul Kocher.


title: Side-channel attack

text: Attempts to break a cryptosystem by deceiving or coercing people with legitimate access are not typically considered side-channel attacks: see social engineering and rubber-hose cryptanalysis.