title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 1910, a stone arch was built at the boundary of Polo, Bulacan and Malabon, Rizal along Calle Real (modern-day Marcelo H. Del Pilar Street). In 1928, Manila North Road (Highway 3) opened and became the new gateway. The once-agricultural town slowly shifted to industrial. Businesses soon put up factories, the most famous of which is the Japanese venture Balintawak Beer Brewery that opened in 1938.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The entrance of the Japanese in Polo during the Second World War was met with almost no resistance. However, there were too many murders committed. The place became a center of "Makapili" and spies who troubled the peaceful civilians. It was found that the Balintawak Beer Brewery became front for manufacturing ammunition for the Japanese forces. The sudden appearance of the Japanese added terror to the place. The old church of San Diego de Alcalá became a torture house during WWII.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The reign of terror climaxed on December 10, 1944. It was a day of mourning for the people of Polo and Obando when the Japanese massacred more than a hundred males in both towns. About 1:00 am on this day up to the setting of the sun cries could be heard from the municipal building when males were tortured to death. Mayor Feliciano Ponciano met the same fate when he died on a cruel death together with other municipal officials.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: When liberation came, the town was partly burned by the approaching the military forces of combined Filipino and American regiments who used flamethrowers. They bombed and shelled big houses in the town not exempting even the more than 300 years old church of San Diego.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The historical old bridge connecting northern and southern areas of the town was destroyed by the Japanese, thus separating Polo in two parts. The northern part was at once liberated by joint Filipino and American troops while the southern part, which includes the municipal center "poblacion" was still under the Japanese banner. The Japanese abandoned the town on February 11, 1945, when the combined troops were able to cross the river and took the town.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 1947, the Balintawak Beer Brewery was acquired by San Miguel Beer. The Spanish church was never rebuilt and only the belfry and the entrance arch remained. A new church was built perpendicular to the ruins of the old one.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: On July 21, 1960, President Carlos P. Garcia signed Executive Order No. 401 which divided Polo into two: Polo and Valenzuela. Polo comprised the northern barangays of Wawang Pulo, Poblacion, Palasan, Arkong Bato, Pariancillo Villa, Balangkas, Mabolo, Coloong, Malanday, Bisig, Tagalag, Rincon, Pasolo, Punturin, Bignay, Viente Reales, and Dalandanan. Valenzuela, on the other hand, comprised the southern barangays of Karuhatan, Marulas, Malinta, Ugong, Mapulang Lupa, Canumay, Maysan, Parada, Paso de Blas, Bagbaguin and Torres Bugallón (now Gen. T. de Leon). A provisional town hall was built across today’s SM City Valenzuela, until a permanent town hall was built near the intersection of MacArthur Highway and the old Polo-Novaliches Road.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The division soon proved to be detrimental to economic growth in each town, so Bulacan Second district Representative to the Fifth Congress Rogaciano Mercado and Senator Francisco Soc Rodrigo filed a bill which sought the reunification of the two towns. On September 11, 1963, President Diosdado Macapagal signed Executive Order No. 46 which reunified Valenzuela and Polo, adapting "Valenzuela" as the name of the resulting town.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 1967, mayor Ignacio Santiago Sr. purchased lots in Karuhatan in which the new municipal hall would be built. Misinterpretation of property surveys and tax appropriation issues sparked the debate on which barangay should the municipal hall be belonged to: Karuhatan, Malinta, or Maysan. To resolve the issue, Santiago ordered the creation of a new barangay which was called Poblacion II, a reference to the old Poblacion barangay.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: On November 7, 1975, jurisdiction over Valenzuela was moved from the province of Bulacan to Metro Manila. Metro Manila was then headed by First Lady Imelda Marcos as its governor. Due to this, Valenzuela is the only area in the modern National Capital Region that was neither part of Spanish colonial-era Manila, Rizal province, nor the war-time City of Greater Manila.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 1968, the North Diversion Road (now North Luzon Expressway) was opened. Rail transport to the city ceased in 1988 with the closure of the Philippine National Railway's North Line.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The passage of the Local Government Code in 1991 provided local governments autonomy which has allowed them develop into self-reliant communities. On February 14, 1998, President Fidel V. Ramos signed Republic Act No. 8526, which converted the municipality of Valenzuela into a highly urbanized chartered city. The law also ordered the division of the newly created city into two legislative districts. When the law was ratified on December 30, 1998, Valenzuela became the 12th city to be admitted in Metro Manila and the 83rd in the Philippines.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 2002, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo proclaimed July 11 every year as "Valenzuela Day", which was an official holiday in the city that commemorates the birth date of Pío Valenzuela. However, in 2008, the date of the city's charter day was transferred to February 14. Today, Valenzuela City celebrates "Valenzuela Day" and "Valenzuela Foundation Day" on February 14 and November. 12 respectively


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: On December 9, 2002, the National Capital Region Police Office announced that they have discovered the largest illegal drugs factory in the country within a Chinese-owned warehouse in Lawang Bato after a fire broke out in the building, achieving the largest methamphetamine drug bust at the time with over worth of drugs seized.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: On May 13, 2015, a fire broke out in Kentex Manufacturing factory in barangay Ugong, killing 74 people in the incident. In 2016, the Ombudsman ordered the dismissal of mayor Rex Gatchalian and other city officials due to grave misconduct and negligence of duty during the incident. This is dubbed as the third worst fire incident in the country.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Valenzuela is located at and is about north of country's capital, Manila. Manila Bay, the country's top port for trade and industry is located about west of the city. Valenzuela is bordered in the north by the town of Obando and the city of Meycauayan in Bulacan, the city of Navotas in the west, Malabon in the south, and Quezon City and northern portion of Caloocan in the east.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The highest elevation point is above sea level. Having a surface gradient of 0.55% and a gentle slope, hilly landscape is located in the industrial section of the city in Canumay. The average elevation point is above sea level.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Apart from the political borders set by the law, Valenzuela and Malabon is also separated by the 15-kilometer Tenejeros-Tullahan River or simply "Tullahan River". The river obtained its name from "tulya" or clam due to the abundance of such shellfish in the area. Tullahan is a part of the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando river system of central Luzon. It is now considered biologically dead and one of the dirtiest river system in the world. Tullahan riverbanks used to be lined with mangrove trees and rich with freshwater fish and crabs. Children used to play in the river before it was polluted by developing industries near it.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In an effort to save the river, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Metropolitan Manila Development Authority and the local governments of Valenzuela and Malabon signed partnerships with private and non-government organizations to dredge the area.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Increased climate variability, that is associated with global warming, has brought with it periods of heavy rainfall and high tides which in turn results in stagnant water which can stay in the area for up to 4 weeks due to insufficient drainage and improper solid waste disposal. People are often stranded inside their homes and are exposed to water-borne diseases such as dengue and leptospirosis. Better early warning systems are needed to manage the risk associated with increased rainfall.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Valenzuela is composed of 33 barangays, the smallest administrative unit in the city. A barangay is equivalent to an American village and a British ward. The barangay is headed by the barangay captain or "punong barangay" and his 7-manned local council or "mga" "kagawad" duly elected by the residents. Youth sector of the barangay is represented by the youth council called the "Sangguniang Kabataan" (SK) headed by the SK chairperson and his 7-manned assembly, also known as "mga SK kagawad". There are 33 "punong barangays" and 231 "kagawads" in Valenzuela; SK officials are also of the same number. The barangays also serve as census areas of the city.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In the national level, Valenzuela is divided into two congressional districts: the first legislative district which contains 24 barangays in the northern half of the city, while the second legislative district contains the remaining 9 barangays of the southern portion of the city. Unlike barangays, legislative districts has no political leader, but are represented by congressional representatives in the House of Representatives of the Philippines.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Due to its location in Metro Manila, rainfall and climate in Valenzuela is almost similar to the country's capital Manila. The location of Valenzuela in the western side of the Philippines made Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAG-ASA) to classify its weather scheme as "Type I". Wind coming from the Pacific Ocean is generally blocked by the Sierra Madre mountain range, several kilometers east of the city.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Its proximity to the equator tends to make its temperature to rise and fall into very small range: from as low as to as high as , although humidity makes these warm to hot temperatures feel much hotter. The Köppen climate system classifies Valenzuela climate as a borderline tropical monsoon ("Am") and tropical savanna ("Aw") due to its location and precipitation characteristics. This means that the city has two pronounced seasons: dry and wet seasons.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Humidity levels are usually high in the morning especially during June–November which makes it feel warmer. Lowest humidity levels are recorded in the evening during wet season. Discomfort from heat and humidity is extreme during May and June, otherwise it is higher compared to other places in the country. Average sunlight is maximum at 254.25 hours during April and minimum at 113 hours during July, August and September.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The vegetation in Valenzuela was originally covered with grasslands suitable for agriculture. Because of rapid development of industries and economy, land use converts grass covers into cemented roads. However, the government put into efforts of preserving vegetation such as constructing community vegetable gardens and techno-demo farms all over the city. In 2003, these gardens numbered up to two functioning farms.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Flora and fauna in Valenzuela includes the common plants and animals found in Luzon, such as domesticated mammals. The Department of Environment and Natural Resources Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau declared a two-hectare mangrove/swampy area in Villa Encarnacion, barangay Malanday as an ecotourism site. Every year, about 100 species of migratory birds such as black-crowned night herons ("Nycticorax nycticorax") and other native birds such as moorhen ("Gallinula sp."), swamphen ("Porphyrio sp.") and Philippine duck ("Anas luzonica") flock the area. Wooden view decks are built to facilitate spectators, enthusiasts and visitors while having bird watching and counting activities. As of 2020 the said ecotourism site is no longer the Villa Encarnacion today, The area has been changed and Many Individuals built a house on the side of the main road. The Forest Look like that the wildlife go into are now gone and will become another subdivision, This will be one of Dulalia Subdivision on barangay Malanday.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 2007, ordinary fishing ponds in Tagalag and Coloong were transformed into fishing spots which attracts anglers every year for a prize catch. Fish tournaments are held every year to increase tourism and livelihood in the area.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 2008, the Supreme Court of the Philippines mandated Regional Trial Court branch 171 as an environmental court handling all environment cases in Valenzuela.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Thomas Hodge-Smith noted in 1939 that Valenzuela is rich of black tektites occurring in spheroidal and cylindrical shapes and are free of bubbles.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Like other cities in the Philippines, Valenzuela is governed by a mayor and a vice mayor who are elected to three-year terms. The mayor is the executive head who leads the city's departments in the execution of city ordinances and delivery of public services. The vice mayor heads a legislative council that is composed of 14 members: six councilors from each of the city's two districts, and two "ex officio" offices held by the Association of Barangay Chairmen President as the barangay sector representative and the "Sangguniang Kabataan" Federation President as youth sector representative. The council is in charge of creating the city's policies in the form of ordinances and resolutions.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The city is geographically part of, but not politically related to, the third district of Metro Manila.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The incumbent mayor and vice mayor of the city are Rexlon T. Gatchalian and Lorena C. Natividad-Borja, respectively.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Supreme Court of the Philippines recognizes five regional trial courts and two metropolitan trial courts within Valenzuela that have an over-all jurisdiction in the populace of the city.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Valenzuela City Police Station (VCPS) is one of the four city police stations in the Northern Police District under the jurisdiction of the Nation Capital Region Police office. Today, there are more than 500 police officers working for the VCPS, which puts the police-residents ratio in the city at 1:16,000.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 2007, the Valenzuela City Peace and Order Council, of which the VCPS is a member, was hailed 2nd placer for the Best Peace and Order Council award that was conferred by the Department of the Interior and Local Government, the NCRPO, and the Manila Peace and Order Council. In 2012, the VCPS was cited by the NCRPO for having the best Women and Children Protection Desk in the metro.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The demonym of Valenzuela is "Valenzuelano" for males and "Valenzuelana" for females; it is sometimes spelled as "Valenzuelaño".


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Based on the 2020 census, Valenzuela City has a total population of 714,978, the 7th most populous in the NCR and 13th in the Philippines. This is an increase of 7.8 percent from 575,356 people in 2010, at an annual growth rate of a 1.45%.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The five most populous barangays are: Gen. T. de Leon (89,441), Marulas (53,978), Malinta (48,397), Ugong (41,821) and Karuhatan (40,996).


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Valenzuela City household population in 2010, on the other hand, is at 574,840. Almost half, 50.2 per cent, are males. Females comprise 49.8 per cent of the population, with a total number of 286, 548. The city has a sex ratio of 101 males for every 100 females, the second highest ratio in the region, after Navotas, which has a sex ratio of 102 males per 100 females. Seven out of ten Valenzuela City residents, 66.7 per cent, belong to the working-age group, or those aged 15 to 64. The remaining 33.3 are aged 0 to below 15 and 65 and above, which are classified as the dependent age group.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: ""Himig Valenzuela"", or "Valenzuela Hymn", is the official song of the city. It is sung during flag ceremonies of private and public schools as well as government institutions along with the Philippine national anthem, ""Lupang Hinirang"". The hymn was composed by Edwin Ortega which has the primary objective to promote unity, progress and patriotism among the city's citizens.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: City ordinance number 18 mandated all citizens of Valenzuela to sing the hymn in all meetings and public occasions.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Before its adoption in 2008, Valenzuela has its official hymn during its time as municipality, from being part of Bulacan to Metro Manila, called "Bayang Valenzuela", composed by Igmidio M. Reyes and its lyrics by Dr. Eusebio S. Vibar. It is now abandoned its use as official hymn of this city. There is a video by Valenzuela City Cultural and Tourism Development Office, which is found on Facebook.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 2007, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo signed Republic Act number 9428 which sets February 14 every year as a special non-working holiday to commemorate cityhood of Valenzuela in 1998. On the same hand, November 12 each year is declared by the city government as the city's foundation day, looking back the establishment of then-Polo in 1623. There are misunderstandings before regarding the date of the actual foundation of the town, however, this date was decided by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines to be the town's creation, since Spanish colonizers adopted a town's patron saint feast day as its date of creation.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Each barangay in Valenzuela have their own feast. Most of them launch celebrations during May and April to honor patron saints and bounty harvest. Every April 26, a santacruzan is performed along with Santa Cruz Festival in Barangay Isla. A santacruzan is a novena procession commemorating St. Helena's mythical finding of the cross. St. Helena was the mother of Constantine the Great. According to legends, 300 years after the death of Christ, at the age of 75, she went to Calvary to conduct a search for the Cross. After some archeological diggings at the site of the Crucifixion, she unearthed three crosses. She tested each one by making a sick servant lie on all three. The cross where the servant recovered was identified as Christ's. St. Helena's feast day falls on August 8 but the anniversary of the finding of the Cross is on May 3, in the Philippines, this celebration took the form of the Mexican Santa Cruz de Mayo.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Mano Po, San Roque Festival is celebrated every May 12 in Mabolo. In Valenzuela, San Roque is also known as the patron saint of the unmarried. There are countless tales of single girls who danced and prayed in the procession and who claim to have found their husband during the fiesta. The festival is almost similar to Obando Fertility Rites where hopeful romantics dance to San Roque requesting to find their true love. Street dancing and procession along the city's major thoroughfares in commemoration of the feast of San Roque, highlighting the customs and traditional celebration of the festival. This also commemorates townsfolk victory after the British departed the country following the end of Seven Years' War with Spain.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Feast of San Diego de Alcala is commemorated every November 12 in Poblacion. This is a celebration of the feast of the oldest church in Valenzuela which includes annual boat racing, street dancing and different fabulous activities of the festival. As part of the San Diego de Alcala Feast Day, a unique food festival in the country is celebrated which features the famous putong Polo, the small but classy "kakanin" which was originally created in the town of Polo. This rice cake was a recipient of Manuel Quezon Presidential Award in 1931 which was cited having its exotic taste and amazingly long shelf-life. The celebration, known as Putong Polo Festival includes a parade featuring artistic creations from the rice cake which showcases creativity among the residents.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Owing to the cross-migration of people across the country and its location as the northernmost point of Metro Manila, Valenzuela has developed into a multicultural metropolis. A former agricultural rural area, Valenzuela has grown into a major economic and industrial center of the Philippines when a large number of industries relocated to the central parts of the city.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Valenzuela City People's Park or simply "People's Park", is an urban park located in a 1.3-hectare lot beside the city hall in barangay Karuhatan. There is an electronically controlled dancing fountain at the park entrance, an aero circle for zumba and other group exercises, garden, children's playground, zoological spaces where animals are displayed to the public, and a 400-seater amphitheater that can host a wide range of activities.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Another facility in the city that boasts of a nature-centered open space and is free to the public is the Valenzuela City Family Park also in Karuhatan. There is a playground, interactive fountain, aviary, fitness machines, amphitheater, and a food park in the park. The park is also pet-friendly, bike-friendly, and accessible to persons with disability.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: One of the many initiatives of the city government to create greener spaces, Polo Mini Park was inaugurated on January 21, 2020, six months after the announcement of the rehabilitation of the historical old town square of Polo. The park is adorned with hundred-years old luscious trees, fountain, memorial marker commemorating war veterans and statues of Pío Valenzuela and José Rizal. The park signifies not only a place for relaxation but also marks the historical identity of the City.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In English, Arkong Bato means "arch of stone" which was constructed and built by the Americans in 1910 to serve as borders between the provinces of Bulacan (where Valenzuela or Polo, as it was known before, belonged to) and Rizal. (where Malabon used to be part of) The arch is located along M.H. del Pilar Street, which was once the main gateway to North Luzon before the construction of MacArthur Highway and North Luzon Expressway. After Malabon seceded from Rizal and Valenzuela from Bulacan to become part of Metropolitan Manila in 1975, the arch now marked as the boundary between the two towns and their respective barangays, Barangay Santulan in Malabon and Barangay Arkong Bato in Valenzuela.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Harry C. Egbert Memorial is located in Sitio Tangke Street in Malinta that serves as monument and memorial to Brigadier general Harry Clay Egbert, commanding officer of the 22nd Infantry Regiment of the United States who was mortally wounded here in 1899 during the Philippine–American War. Additionally, Egbert also served the US Army during American Civil War and Spanish–American War.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Museo Valenzuela () was the house where Dr. Pío Valenzuela, in whose memory the old town of Polo was renamed, was born and saw the best years of his life. This same house was burned recently. Valenzuela's historical and cultural landmark, Museo Valenzuela features collections of artifacts depicting the city's past and continuing development.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Libingan ng mga Hapon () was built in a 500-square meter lot of the Bureau of Telecommunications compound. The cemetery served thousands of fallen Japanese soldiers during the Philippines Campaign of 1944–45.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The National Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima () is the center of the Fatima apostolate in the country was declared a tourist site in 1982 by the Department of Tourism and a pilgrimage shrine in 2009 by the Diocese of Malolos. It is near the Our Lady of Fatima University. The shrine houses the wooden statue of Our Lady of Fatima, one of the fifty images blessed by Pope Paul VI in 1967 as part of golden celebration of the Marian apparition to three children in Fátima, Portugal. The images were later distributed to churches worldwide, where one of them is intended for the Philippines, however, unclaimed ending up in New Jersey. In 1984, Archbishop of Manila Jaime Cardinal Sin finally claimed the statue and was then transferred under the custody Bahay Maria Foundation, a Philippine-based Marian organization. During People Power Revolution in 1986, it was one of the iconic figures held by revolutionaries to oust the dictator Ferdinand Marcos. On October 17, 1999, the statue was then transferred to the shrine. The feast of Our Lady of Fatima is celebrated every March 7 and May 13.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Dr. Pío Valenzuela, who became part of the triumvirate of revolutionary society Katipunan and founder of the organ "Ang Kalayaan", lived and died in 1956 at the old Residence of Pío Valenzuela along Velilla Street in Barangay Pariancillo Villa, where a marker by the Valenzuela city government was placed in his honor. The present house was built after the war on the site of the old house which once served as venue for secret meetings and gatherings of the Katipunan. The old house was burned during World War II.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The San Diego de Alcala Church and its belfry was built in 1632 by the people of Polo. Residents were taken to forced labor to complete the church after the town gained its independence through Father Juan Taranco and Don Juan Monsod. The belfry and entrance arch, which are over four centuries old, are the only parts of the edifice that remain to this day. The main structure was destroyed by bombs during the Japanese occupation. Residents of barangays Polo and Poblacion celebrate the feast day of San Diego de Alcala on November 12 every year, together with the "putong polo" festival.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Located at Malanday, the Hearts of Jesus and Mary Parish Church, was erected on October 17, 1994, to replace the Santo Cristo Chapel, and solemnly declared on June 24, 2001. The Church belongs to the Vicariate of St. Didacus of Alcala – Valenzuela City, Roman Catholic Diocese of Malolos.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Valenzuela Astrodome is a large multi-purpose, domed sports stadium located in barangay Dalandanan that hosts several sports events, concerts, promotional events, seminars, job fairs, etc.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Dubbed as Valenzuela City's "best kept secret", the Tagalag Fishing Village lies beside a 1.3-kilometer boardwalk in Barangay Tagalag. Various activities are being offered in one of the newest attractions in the city such as recreational fishing, line fishing tutorials, bird watching, boating, photowalk, and sunset watching.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The city collaborates with other institutions, government or private, to bring quality education among its citizens under the ""WIN ang Edukasyon Program"" (roughly means "Education WIN sic Program", WIN is the nickname of the current mayor Sherwin Gatchalian). In 2010, the government, in partnership with the local school board, funded the purchase and construction of computer laboratories in 10 secondary schools all having a net worth of Php 17.7M (or about US$410,000 as of April 2011). This also includes the distribution of Php 1.46M (or about US$34,000 as of April 2011) computers in Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela and Valenzuela City Polytechnic College, as part of Department of Education's ICT4E Strategic Plan. In this project, information and communication technology education is extended and expanded among all students. In 2009, the City Engineering Office repaired sidewalks and drainage to assist students especially during the wet season; they also repaired and constructed new buildings and classrooms to some schools in the city. Under the same program, elementary school students received free mathematics and English workbooks published by the government especially designed for Valenzuelanos. The steady increase of 3.4% enrollment rate each year forces the government to construct new buildings and classrooms to meet the target 1:45 teacher-to-student ratio, contrary to the current count of 1:50 ratio alternating in three shifts. "WIN ang Edukasyon Program" was done in partnership with the Synergeia Foundation, a non-government organization that aims to improve education in local governments in the Philippines.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: At the same time, "WIN ang Edukasyon Program" also spearheads the yearly training of some mathematics and English language teachers assigned to Grades 1 and 2 pupils. The seminar focuses on how to enhance reading skills, language proficiency and mathematics of the students they are teaching through re-acquaintance with various drills and activities. This was done with the efforts of lecturers from Ateneo de Manila University and Bulacan State University using the approach developed by the UP Diliman's College of Education.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The government owns Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela and Valenzuela City Polytechnic College that serve as the city's state university and technical school for residents and non-residents respectively. The Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela (PLV) or "University of the City of Valenzuela", was established in 2002 and is located within the perimeters of the old city hall in barangay Poblacion. In 2009, the city council passed Resolution No. 194 series of 2008 which authorized the government to purchase lots costing PhP 33M (or about US$750,000 as of April 2011) in nearby Children of Mary Immaculate College as part of the university's expansion. Mayor Sherwin Gatchalian assisted the development, which has an over-all cost of PhP 75M (or about US$1.7M as of April 2011) loaned from Development Bank of the Philippines. The newly purchased lots are used to construct an annex building which will house the departments of business administration and accountancy. The Board of Regents expected an increase of enrollment from 800 to 3,000 students in the next few years.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Valenzuela City Polytechnic College (VCPC) was allotted with additional Php 18M (or about US$420,000 as of April 2011) budget in 2009 from the city fund which will be used for expansion and upgrade of the college.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: There are also privately owned academic institutions including the Our Lady of Fatima University (OLFU). OLFU was previously granted by Commission on Higher Education an autonomy, which includes independence from monitoring and evaluation services by the Commission though still entitled by subsidies and other financial grants from the national government whenever possible. The autonomous status of the university was approved on March 11, 2009, and expired last March 30, 2014.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: There are numerous hospitals in Valenzuela like the city-run Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital and the Valenzuela Medical Center. There are also privately owned hospitals like Calalang General Hospital, Sanctissimo Rosario General Hospital and Fatima University Medical Center, a tertiary private hospital under the administration of Our Lady of Fatima University. The soon-to-rise Valenzuela City West Emergency Hospital and Dialysis Center is located in barangay Dalandanan, adjacent to Valenzuela City Astrodome and Dalandanan National High School. It will render adequate healthcare services to underprivileged residents at a minimal fee.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The city implements "VC Cares Program" which is designed for individuals who are unable to provide healthcare and basic necessities for themselves or meet special emergency situations of need. While health care service and financial assistance are generally the forms of assistance given, these may be supplemented by other forms of assistance, as well as problem-solving and referral services. Appropriate referrals may be made to other agencies or institutions where complementary services may be obtained.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: According to the 2002 Commission on Audit, the city reported accomplishment per health center ranging from as low as 42.26% to as high as 206% and vaccine utilization of 33% to 90% compared to normal 46% to 377% per basic requirements.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: There are swampy areas on Valenzuela and there is a stagnant water in Tullahan River on the south, which make citizens vulnerable to mosquito-linked diseases such as dengue and malaria. Though malaria is not a common case in Valenzuela–the city ranks consistently among top five dengue-infected regions in the Philippines with around 560% chance of recurrence every year. In the second quarter of 2008, however, only 500% increase was reported compared to the same period in 2007.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In September 2009, the Department of Health distributed free Olyset anti-dengue nets treated permethrin insecticide to Gen. T. de Leon High School. Over 150 rolls of the nets were given and installed to the windows of the said school, as part of DOH's ""Dalaw sa Barangay: Aksyon Kontra Dengue"" (Visit Barangay: Action against Dengue) campaign.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: On October 28, 2005, SM City Valenzuela was inaugurated. Other shopping sites such as Puregold Valenzuela, the newly renovated South Supermarket and the newly opened Puregold Paso de Blas is also located in the city. All these stores compete against each other since most have the same product offerings as diversified groceries except for SM City Valenzuela which has upgraded with the opening of The SM Store. People from the city with more major shopping needs normally head south to cities such as Quezon City and Manila, since they have bigger malls and commercial centers with more diverse trade goods.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Water supply for the city is supplied by the Metropolitan Water Works and Sewerage System (MWSS)' west concessionaire Maynilad Water Services, Inc (MWSI). As of 2006, the city has at least 68% water service coverage as determined by the Regulatory Office of the MWSS. Each customer receives at least 7 psi water pressure, which means supply can reach for up to two floors for residential use. Maynilad is owned and currently operated by DMCI Holdings, Inc.–Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (DMCI-MPIC).


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: On June 2, 2010, the Sitero Francisco Memorial National High School in barangay Ugong unveiled its first solar generators, the first time for a school in the Philippines. The six 1-kW photovoltaic solar arrays installed to light nine-classrooms are bought from Wanxiang America Corporation through the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) and are part of the solar energy initiative of the city. The arrays were shipped from Illinois, installation were paid by the city government. First district representative Rex Gatchalian and former second district councilor Shalani Soledad headed the switching ceremony, that made it the first-ever solar-powered school in the country. The solar panels can generate 1 kW to 5 kW of electricity per hour depending on the intensity of sunlight. Unused solar energy is stored in eight deep-cycle batteries which can be used after sunset. The panels also continue to absorb light from the night sky.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: According to the 2002 Metro Manila Solid Waste Management Report of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), Valenzuela has the highest number of identified recycling companies in the region. It was also said that recycling centers related to plastic materials are relatively higher than other recyclable objects like metals, paper, glass among others. Accordingly, the city government allocates an amount of about 785.70 Philippine pesos (approx. US$18 as of April 2011) for every transportation and collection costs of a ton of waste material. In 2003, the city generated about 307.70 tons of waste every day. In 2001, it was reported by ADB that the city has as high as 25% solid waste management cost recovery rate through service charges on households and other enterprises for operational activities associated with waste collection, treatment and disposal. That same year, the city's proposal to implement a community-based solid waste management project in barangay Mapulang Lupa, was approved by the national government, which involves social mobilization, training of personnel, implementation of segregated collection and establishment of materials recovery facility and windows composting operation among others. The city government was granted a maximum of US$25,000 from Asian Development Bank for the operation of the project.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In 1988, the city opened its first waste disposal facility, the Lingunan Controlled Dumpsite. Every year, the facility collects and processed only about 60% of the entire city's waste with landfilling and recycling services. The dumpsite uses rice hull ash as daily cover and odor control material for the waste collected in the area. Lingunan Controlled Dumpsite also conducted some limited waste segregation and resource recovery operations prior to burial of residual waste. In 2006, the controlled dumpsite was closed per MMDA order in 2003 and was subsequently converted into a sanitary landfill as directed by RA 9003.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In statistics, 60% of the wastes collected in the city are collected, hauled and dumped in controlled dumpsites while 5% are retrieved and recycled and 35% are thrown everywhere in the city. Half of all these wastes are non-biodegradable wastes which include plastics, Styrofoams and rubbers alike, while the remaining are biodegradable wastes which is 70% food and kitchen wastes, 20% plant wastes and 10% animal wastes. In 2002, there are about 30 small and big junkshops that collect recyclable materials and 20 schools that require their students to bring recyclable stuff as school project.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The city spearheaded Metro Manila's implementation of full-pledged waste management program in 1999 when it became the first area in the region to allocate 2.8-hectare land in barangay Marulas, to serve an ecology center and location for the city's waste management program's operation center. Biodegradable wastes in this area are converted to fertilizers. In 2004, the city government funded the repair of 29 garbage trucks and purchase of another 20 trucks that may increase the capacity of Waste Management Office to do full rounds of garbage every week.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: In a joint study conducted by the Supreme Court of the Philippines and the United Nations Development Programme in July 2003 assessing inmate and institutional management among selected municipal and city jails in the National Capital Region, it was found that Valenzuela City Jail has a congestion rate of 170%. According to the study, the excess number of inmates in Metro Manila jails resulted into outbreak of various ailments such as psychiatric disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis and skin diseases. The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology recommends the implementation of release programs under applicable laws.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) of Valenzuela is located along Valenzuela Hall of Justice in barangay Karuhatan. It was formerly located at the old city hall in barangay Maysan which was transferred by mayor Sherwin Gatchalian in 2010 along with other trial courts, the police headquarters and prosecutor's office of the city. That same year, the BJMP launched the Alternative Learning System program, in partnership with the local government and Department of Education (DepEd), as part of the rehabilitation programs to city jail inmates. Successful passers of the program received certification of DepEd as proof of completion of secondary education.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Expressways such as the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) and NLEX Harbor Link project traverse through Valenzuela. Valenzuela is accessible to and from NLEX via Paso de Blas Interchange, formerly known as Malinta Exit (due to the road's direct access to barangay Malinta), at Km. 28. It also has exits towards barangays Lingunan and Lawang Bato. Meanwhile, the Harbor Link project, where Segments 8.1 and 9 are components of Circumferential Road 5, provides access to Valenzuela through its interchanges at MacArthur Highway (Karuhatan), Smart Connect Interchange with NLEX, and Mindanao Avenue in barangay Ugong, as well as exits towards barangays Parada and Gen. T. de Leon.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Valenzuela is also connected to Bulacan through MacArthur Highway which ends at Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: One of the well-known bridges in Valenzuela is the Tullahan Bridge in barangay Marulas that connects the city to barangay Potrero in Malabon. Tullahan bridge is part of MacArthur Highway that was built during the Spanish era as a way of transporting vehicles over Tullahan River. In the span of years, it was renovated repeatedly, most recent was in 2008, though defects on the bridge began to appear barely six months after it opened for public use.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The city is webbed by hundreds of roads where 99.622% of them has a surface type of concrete while the remaining 0.378% were made of dirt. The Department of Public Works and Highways recognizes nine national bridges in Valenzuela, listed below. Other bridges are just minors that connect small cliffs and former landfill areas, like Malinta Bridge in barangay Malinta. City roads has an average road density of 1.155 kilometer of road per 100 square-kilometer of land area. Each road has an average road section of 155 sections and spans 54.267 km.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: The Valenzuela Gateway Complex Terminal in Paso de Blas is designated by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority as Manila's northern provincial bus terminal. Bus companies also founded terminals in barangay Malanday, northernmost locality of Valenzuela along the border with Bulacan, though there are terminals situated in barangays Dalandanan and Karuhatan as well. This includes Laguna Star Bus, PAMANA Transport Service, Inc., CEM Trans Services and Philippine Corinthian Liner, Inc. among others. These buses are lined with Metro Manila destinations only, usually in Alabang or Baclaran with routes along EDSA. Bus traffic is also dense at barangays Paso de Blas and Bagbaguin due to its proximity to KM 28 NLEx Interchange and bus terminals in Novaliches, Quezon City. Other modes of transportation includes jeepneys (with routes usually from Malanday to Recto, Santa Cruz, Divisoria, Pier 15 South Harbor & T. M. Kalaw in Manila and Grace Park & Monumento in Caloocan and Malinta to Malolos City, Baliuag and Santa Maria along MacArthur Highway) for general mass transportation, tricycles (or "trikes") for small-scale transportation and taxicabs for upper middle classes.


title: Valenzuela, Metro Manila

text: Valenzuela has friendship links (with no formal constitution) with the following towns and cities. Agreements usually forged towards industrial, cultural or academic exchanges and understanding.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Neil Leonard Dula Etheridge (born 7 February 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for club Birmingham City and captains the Philippines national team.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: He joined the Fulham Academy after three years as a trainee at Chelsea and made his debut for Fulham in the UEFA Europa League against Danish club Odense Boldklub, though he never played in a league match with the club. While with Fulham from 2006 until 2014 he was loaned to various lower tier clubs; Leatherhead, Charlton Athletic, Bristol Rovers, and Crewe Alexandra.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: After leaving Fulham, Etheridge signed with Oldham Athletic before he was loaned to Charlton Athletic. He joined Charlton on a permanent basis in 2015 after his contract with Oldham ended. After months of being without a club, Etheridge joined Walsall, going on to make more than 90 appearances in all competitions in two seasons. He then moved on to Championship club Cardiff City in 2017. After establishing himself as Cardiff City's first choice goalkeeper, he helped the Welsh side win promotion to the Premier League. He joined Birmingham City, also of the Championship, three years later.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge has one British and one Filipino parent; in international football, he played for his native England at under-16 level, and has represented Philippines at senior level since 2008. In August 2018, while with Cardiff City, he became the first Filipino to play in the Premier League.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge was born in Enfield, London to an English father, Martin Etheridge, and a Filipino mother, Merlinda Dula, a native of Tarlac. He took up football at the age of nine, initially playing as a left midfielder or striker before switching to playing as a goalkeeper in 2000 after volunteering to switch due to an injury to his youth side's regular goalkeeper. He attended Court Moor School in Fleet, Hampshire, where he also represented Hampshire Schools and the Aldershot & Farnborough district teams.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Having played for local youth sides Cuffy Chiefs and Hart Boys, Etheridge began attending the Chelsea Academy in 2003 at under-14 level, where he was also teammates with eventual Philippine internationals James and Phil Younghusband. He started out as a forward but eventually switched to playing as a goalkeeper at the suggestion of his coach.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: In 2006, he moved to local rivals Fulham, and signed professional terms for the club. Etheridge signed for Isthmian League Division One South club Leatherhead in September 2008 on loan for the entire 2008–09 season and made his debut on 20 September in the 2–1 home defeat to Metropolitan Police. During his loan spell, he received the first red card of his career, being sent off for dissent during a 2–1 defeat to Sittingbourne in a preliminary round of the FA Cup.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: In September 2009, Etheridge underwent surgery on both knees after suffering from tendinitis. He was expected to be out for the entire 2009–10 season but returned in January 2010, eventually making nine appearances for the reserves. By the end of the season he signed a new one-year deal, keeping him at Fulham until the summer of 2011, attributing his contract extension to his quick recovery.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge received his first senior team call-up on 11 September 2010, when he was named on the substitute bench as cover for Mark Schwarzer in a home game against Wolverhampton Wanderers due to an injury to regular second choice goalkeeper David Stockdale. In March 2011, Etheridge joined League One club Charlton Athletic on loan, but was recalled six days later without playing for them. Etheridge signed a new contract in May that would extend his stay at Craven Cottage until the summer of 2013.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: He made his first senior appearance for Fulham against Odense Boldklub in the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League on 14 December. On 23 March 2012 upon his return to Fulham after completing his international duties, it was announced that Etheridge would be out for the rest of the season due to a wrist injury that was sustained in the 2012 AFC Challenge Cup. He recovered quickly and on 9 May he has been able to play in the development squad's last game of the season against the reserves of West Bromwich Albion.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: He joined League Two club Bristol Rovers on an initial one-month loan on 20 September 2012. He made his first Football League appearance for Rovers against Fleetwood Town on 22 September, which was his and Rovers' first clean sheet of 2012–13 season. His arrival at the club coincided with an improvement in the club's form, leading to his loan deal being extended until December 2013. On 21 November, Fulham confirmed that Etheridge had been recalled from his loan at Bristol Rovers.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge signed a one-year extension to his Fulham contract on 8 May 2013, with the option of a further year extension. On 22 November 2013, he joined League One club Crewe Alexandra on loan until 1 January 2014. He rejoined the club once again on 25 February 2014 on loan until 13 April, but was recalled on 4 April by Fulham. At the end of 2013–14 season, he was released by Fulham.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Following his release from Fulham, Etheridge used his own money to train with Charlton, one of his former loan clubs, where he knew the goalkeeping coach. Struggling to make a living, he was set to return to the Philippines and had already sold his house and cars before joining League One club Oldham Athletic on a two-month deal on 30 October 2014. During his time with the club, he lived at his friend's house, sleeping on the sofa, later describing his situation as "what you've got to do to get by." Etheridge later reminisced on his circumstances, stating that he questioned whether he would ever play football again. He made one appearance for Oldham during his time with the club during a Football League Trophy match against Preston North End.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge rejoined Charlton Athletic on 27 November 2014 on a one-month loan deal. He made his league debut, for Charlton on 26 December 2014, in a 1–1 draw against Cardiff City. Manager Bob Peeters had opted to play Etheridge, Charlton's third choice goalkeeper, ahead of second choice Nick Pope whose performances in previous games Peeters had described as "a bit unlucky". After the loan, he signed a signed a short-term contract on 5 January 2015 with Charlton until the end of the 2014–15 season. He was released on 12 May 2015 following the end of his contract.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge joined League One club Walsall on 2 July 2015 after agreeing a two-year deal. Signed to compete with Craig MacGillivray for the first choice goalkeeper spot, he made his debut for the club on the opening day of the 2015–16 season in a 1–1 draw with his former club Oldham. Etheridge credits Walsall's goalkeeper coach Neil Cutler with improving his ability, commenting that Cutler had "taken me to another level." Cutler himself praised Etheridge's progression, stating "with a bit more experience he can go as high as he wants because he makes match-winning saves." In his first season, he made 50 appearances in all competitions, helping the side reach the League One play-offs where they suffered defeat in the semi-final to Barnsley.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: During his second season with Walsall, Etheridge was one of just four senior players retained from the previous year. He kept 12 clean sheets in 44 appearances as the club finished the season in 14th place, missing the last five matches of the season due to injury. In January 2017, Cardiff City approached Walsall over a potential transfer but pulled out due to the asking price. He played a total of 94 matches with Walsall during his two seasons at the club.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: On 30 May 2017, Etheridge signed for Championship club Cardiff City on a free transfer, after rejecting a new three-year contract with Walsall. Etheridge made his debut for the club on the opening day of the 2017–18 season, keeping a clean sheet during a 1–0 victory over Burton Albion. Etheridge performed well enough playing for Cardiff that fellow goalkeeper Lee Camp was loaned to Sunderland after recovering from injury. He helped his club earn promotion to the Premier League, featuring in 45 out of 46 league matches of the 2017–18 Championship season, keeping 19 clean sheets and conceding 37 goals.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Following the club's promotion, Etheridge was rewarded with a new three-year contract by the club. On 11 August 2018, he became the first player from the Philippines and Southeast Asia to play in the Premier League, in a 2–0 loss to Bournemouth, during which he saved a penalty from Callum Wilson. His penalty save also made him the first goalkeeper to save a penalty on his Premier League debut since Allan McGregor for Hull City in 2013. A week later, he saved another penalty in injury time, from Newcastle United's Kenedy, to guarantee a goalless draw. Etheridge's impressive form led to him being nominated for the August Player of the Month award. Cardiff were relegated from the Premier League after finishing in 18th position with Etheridge winning the club's Player of the Year award.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: On the opening day of the 2019–20 season, Etheridge suffered a hamstring injury during a 3–2 loss at Wigan Athletic, which ruled him out for two months. Alex Smithies replaced Etheridge as Cardiff's first choice goalkeeper for most of the season. Ahead of the 2020–21 season, with Smithies considered the starting goalkeeper, Cardiff made Etheridge available for a possible transfer.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge signed a four-year contract with Championship club Birmingham City on 11 September 2020; the fee was undisclosed. He was on the bench for the following day's match, in which the 19-year-old debutant Zach Jeacock kept a clean sheet, and came into the starting eleven for the goalless draw at Swansea City a week later.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, Etheridge received hospital treatment in July 2021 after he contracted COVID-19. Consequentially, Etheridge had not played a single league match for Birmingham by October 2021 during the 2021–22 Championship season despite having been featured in the 2021–22 EFL Cup.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge is a former England under-16 international, having played in the 2005 Victory Shield, in which England and Wales eventually shared the trophy. Despite having represented England at youth level, he remained eligible to represent the Philippines through his mother.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: In 2007, Etheridge received an invitation to play for the Philippines but declined the offer, citing unfamiliarity with the language and the players. He was again invited in early 2008, this time by the new Philippine Football Federation president Jose Mari Martinez. He eventually accepted the invitation after speaking to the new manager and learning about the set up, and after encouragement from Chelsea youth teammate Phil Younghusband. He officially switched allegiance to the Philippines in April 2008. He made his full international debut against Brunei in the 2008 AFC Challenge Cup qualifiers, playing in all three of his country's matches. He kept three clean sheets but the Philippines still failed to qualify due to an inferior goal difference to group winners Tajikistan.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: He was called up again later that year for the 2008 AFF Suzuki Cup qualification matches. In their opening match, Etheridge got his fourth successive clean sheet, as the Philippines defeated Timor-Leste 1–0. However, in their remaining three fixtures, Etheridge conceded five goals as the Philippines won another match, drew one and lost one, before being eliminated on the basis of their goals scored record after finishing tied for second. Etheridge later credited his debut for the Philippines in 2008 to his later progress in his club career in 2018 due to having experienced playing for the national team before a crowd of up to 90,000.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: In 2010, Etheridge was named in the Philippines' squad for the 2010 AFF Suzuki Cup. The Philippines came in second in their group, with one win and two draws, and conceding only one goal. But both legs of the semi-finals ended in 1–0 defeats for the Philippines against Indonesia. He was then called up for his country for the AFC Challenge Cup Qualifiers where he conceded only a single goal, enabling the Philippines to qualify for the group stage. Etheridge announced his interest to join the squad for the 2012 AFC Challenge Cup but was originally in doubt to be included due to club commitments. However, after receiving clearance from Fulham to travel, he was included in the final 23-man squad.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: On 9 March 2012 against North Korea, he saved a penalty taken by Pak Song-chol in the 16th minute as the match ended 2–0. He was sent off in the closing minutes of the semi-final match against Turkmenistan, which the Philippines lost 2–1. Due to the red card, he was suspended for the subsequent third place play-off match, where the Philippines defeated Palestine 4–3.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: In August 2014, Etheridge was not included in the training squad for the 2014 Peace Cup, which also serves as the country's preliminary squad for the 2014 AFF Suzuki Cup, due to a lack of first team club football. He labelled manager Thomas Dooley "disrespectful" over the omission.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: In October 2016, it was announced that Etheridge would not be included in the 2016 AFF Championship squad, because of club commitments with Walsall. Etheridge expressed disappointment of missing out on the regional championship, but added that he was committed to playing for his club. In 2018, Etheridge was part of the Philippines' squad that qualified for the AFC Asian Cup for the first time in the nation's history. However, the national side and his club side Cardiff reached an agreement to allow Etheridge to miss the tournament in order to focus on his place as the Premier League side's first choice goalkeeper.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: In June 2022, Etheridge was appointed by head coach Thomas Dooley as captain of the Philippines national team.


title: Neil Etheridge

text: Etheridge has been married to Alexandra Solera since May 2021 and the two have a daughter. Prior to their marriage, Etheridge was engaged to Solera for three years. In the Philippines, Etheridge has worked as an underwear model. In 2015, he opened the Neil Etheridge Goalkeeping Academy in Manila.


title: The Croods: Family Tree

text: The Croods: Family Tree is an American computer-animated streaming television series that is produced from DreamWorks Animation under DreamWorks Animation Television. The series is based on the 2013 animated film "The Croods", taking place after the events of the 2020 film, "". The series was released on September 23, 2021, with a second season premiered April 5, 2022, and a third season premiered on June 2, 2022. A fourth season premiered on August 31, 2022. A fifth season premired on November 25, 2022.


title: The Croods: Family Tree

text: After the events of the sequel, the Croods and Bettermans must learn to get along in the Betterman treehouse.


title: The Croods: Family Tree

text: On August 31, 2021, DreamWorks announced a CGI animated series titled "The Croods: Family Tree", based on "", and would stream September 23 on Hulu and Peacock. Tran reprises her role as Dawn, while A. J. Locascio reprises his role as Thunk from "Dawn of the Croods". The new voice cast features Amy Landecker as Ugga, Kiff VandenHeuvel as Grug, Ally Dixon as Eep, Artemis Pebdani as Gran, Darin Brooks as Guy, Matthew Waterson as Phil, and Amy Rosoff as Hope. Mark Banker (from "The Epic Tales of Captain Underpants", "Adventure Time", "Go, Dog, Go!") and Todd Grimes (from "The Epic Tales of Captain Underpants") serve as executive producers and showrunners for the series. Like all DreamWorks Animation Television programs, the series will be animated by Mikros Animation under Technicolor Animation Productions.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: The Ohio Burgee is the official flag of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is a triangular swallowtail flag, the only non-rectangular U.S. state flag. Its red, white, and blue elements symbolize the state's natural features and order of admission into the Union. A prominent disc in the flag's triangular canton is suggestive of the state's name. This flag was adopted in 1945.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: The flag was designed in 1901 by John Eisenmann for the Pan-American Exposition and adopted in 1902. Before that, for nearly a century after statehood, Ohio did not have a legally authorized state flag. One unsuccessful proposal had called for a design based on the state seal.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: Ohio has adopted an official salute to the flag and the official folding procedure gives it 17 folds. The Ohio flag has influenced a number of logos and municipal flags within the state. A scarlet-colored gubernatorial flag is based on the state seal.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: In addition to resembling the letter O and a buckeye nut, the flag's annulus also represents "the original territory of Ohio" in the Northwest Territory.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: Ohio's flag is the only non-rectangular U.S. state flag. It is a rare example of a non-quadrilateral civil flag, another well-known example being the flag of Nepal. According to vexillologist Whitney Smith, it may be loosely based upon cavalry flags of the Civil War and Spanish–American War. The flag has been officially defined as a "burgee" since 2002, even though burgees are typically used as maritime flags. Its shape, lack of text, and mirror symmetry allow it to be flown or hung in various orientations without affecting legibility. On account of the flag's uncommon shape, foreign manufacturers have occasionally set the entire design against a white, rectangular field. The flag of Nepal has similarly been turned into a rectangle, either by mistake or expediency due to the unusual dimensions of the flag.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: For nearly a century after statehood, Ohio had no legally authorized state flag. The state militia carried regimental colors based on the Stars and Stripes, with the addition of "a large eagle, with the number of the regiment and the prescribed number of stars above".


title: Flag of Ohio

text: By the early 1850s, Ohio expressed interest in adopting a state flag, as several other states had already done. In late 1860, Qtr. Mr. Gen. David L. Wood and Adj. Gen. Henry B. Carrington devised a flag consisting of the state seal upon a white field. They had it flown above the Ohio State Arsenal in Columbus, in hopes that it might someday become the state flag. On January 17, 1861, at a banquet organized by the Columbus Typographical Union Local #5, future U.S. President James A. Garfield gave a speech defending the national flag as the only flag Ohio's soldiers would march to battle under. The generals, in attendance, were moved to set aside their proposal and hoist the Stars and Stripes in its place. Later that year, Wood and Carrington joined fellow Ohioans in battle under the 34-star Union flag, which would serve as the inspiration for a state banner decades later.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: In 1901, Cleveland architect John Eisenmann was commissioned to design an exhibition hall for his state at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. He developed a distinctive flag to fly over each corner of the Ohio Building. The wool flags officially represented the Ohio Pan-American Exposition Commission rather than the state. On July 18, Governor George K. Nash visited the exposition, where he was presented with one of the flags, which is now held in the Ohio History Connection collections. Eisenmann secured a U.S. design patent for his design, which he described as "a triangular forked or swallow-tailed flag corresponding to the shape generally known as a 'cavalry-guidon' or 'broad pennant.'"


title: Flag of Ohio

text: In 1902, State Representative William S. McKinnon, a member of the Ohio Pan-American Exposition Commission, introduced House Bill 213 designating Eisenmann's design as the official flag. It became law on May 9, making it the 20th U.S. state flag or banner. (Eisenmann had assigned his patent, which had a term of three and a half years, to the State of Ohio on April 24.)


title: Flag of Ohio

text: Because Eisenmann's design deviated from the "seal on a bedsheet" design then nearly universal among state flags, the press looked overseas for precedents: the layout was likened to either the flag of Cuba or of the Philippines, while the red and white annulus was derided for its similarity to the sun on the Japanese flag.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: Initially, Ohio's flag was seldom used, in part due to the prevailing opinion that the Stars and Stripes should hold a monopoly on patriotic displays. Similar sentiment hindered the adoption of municipal flags in Cleveland and Cincinnati, to the extent that both were downplayed as mere "banners" for promotional purposes. In 1903, it was reported that, among state politicians, only Governor Nash displayed the guidon.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: In the century following its adoption, the guidon gained significant popularity, being flown not only by the state but frequently also by its residents and businesses.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: In 2002, the Ohio General Assembly commemorated the 100th anniversary of the state flag's adoption by adopting a salute to the flag, to be recited after the Pledge of Allegiance:


title: Flag of Ohio

text: A method of folding the flag of Ohio was created by Alex Weinstock, a Boy Scout from Junction City, for his Eagle Scout service project. It requires two people. The procedure was passed by the 125th Ohio General Assembly as House Bill 552 and signed into law by Governor Bob Taft on February 15, 2005:


title: Flag of Ohio

text: Ohio is not the only state that has designated a folding procedure for its flag; however, Ohio's procedure takes on special importance due to the flag's irregular shape. A flag vendor in Arkansas has described the procedure as "quite a challenge".


title: Flag of Ohio

text: Ohio's flag is regularly flown during football games by The Ohio State University Marching Band's "JI-Row" as the percussion section's row mascot. The Columbus Blue Jackets logo and Cincinnati Bengals fan flag are both based on the state flag.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: A number of municipalities and counties in Ohio have adopted pennants and swallowtails based on the state burgee. Adams County and the cities of Marysville and Mentor have flags that essentially replace the annulus with a seal and modify the pattern of stars in the triangular union. Additionally, the city of Green uses a burgee for the city flag, altering the colors to green and white stripes, as opposed to the original red and white on the Ohio state flag.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: The flag of the Governor of Ohio consists of the Great Seal of Ohio encircled with 13 white stars on a scarlet field, with a five-point star in each corner. Like the state flag, it has 17 stars in total.


title: Flag of Ohio

text: The Adjutant General's office adopted this design in 1905 to represent the Governor on official occasions. One such flag hangs in the Rutherford B. Hayes Center Library, a memorial to the 32nd Ohio Governor and 19th U.S. President. The design was officially recognized by the 96th General Assembly effective October 3, 1945:


title: Flag of Ohio

text: The Ohio Revised Code also specifies smaller versions of this design to be used as the governor's naval flag and automobile flag.


title: Pink Chanel suit of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy

text: Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy was wearing a pink suit when her husband, President John F. Kennedy, was assassinated in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. She insisted on wearing the suit, stained with his blood, during the swearing-in of Lyndon B. Johnson that afternoon and for the flight back to Washington D.C. Jacqueline Kennedy was a fashion icon, and the suit is arguably the most referenced and revisited among her clothing items.


text: Made of wool bouclé, the double-breasted, raspberry pink and navy trim collared suit was matched with a trademark pink pillbox hat and white gloves. A long-time question among fashion historians and experts about whether the suit was made by Chanel in France or a quality copy purchased from New York's semiannual Chez Ninon collections, was resolved by Coco Chanel's biographer, Justine Picardie. She showed that the suit was a garment made by Chez Ninon using Chanel's approved "line for line" system with authorized Chanel patterns and materials.


text: In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Chanel suit was one of the strongest symbols of bourgeois female chic that could be found anywhere in the Western world, evoking a powerful image of a sophisticated, intelligent and independent modern woman. During this era it became the "wardrobe staple of the upwardly mobile American female which could fit almost every daytime occasion that required a woman to dress stylishly". Although women wearing pink in the 21st century is common, pink was new to fashion in the 1950s and was a color loved and even popularized to an extent in American fashion by Mamie Eisenhower, who endorsed a color which, according to cultural historian Karal Ann Marling, was called "Mamie Pink". Given that the Chanel suit was a strong statement of an independent woman, the color pink has an element of traditional femininity, perhaps evading the foreign and feminist attributes associated with the Chanel suit in a conservative American society.


text: Before John F. Kennedy departed for Texas he asked his wife what she planned to wear. In an interview with William Manchester after the tragedy, Kennedy said that her husband had told her:


text: It was said that the pink suit was one of her husband's "particular favorites"; the suit had first been shown by Coco Chanel in her 1961 autumn/winter collection. Photographs exist of Mrs. Kennedy wearing the suit – or one very similar to it – in Washington D.C. in November 1961; to church on November 12, 1961; in London on March 26, 1962; in Washington D.C. in September 1962; in Lafayette Square on September 26, 1962; at the visit by the Prime Minister of Algeria on October 15, 1962; and the visit of the Maharaja of Jaipur on October 23, 1962. After the last of these occasions, she was apparently not photographed wearing it until the day of the assassination, when she was pictured in it at Fort Worth and Dallas leading up to the assassination, having been revealed wearing it after stepping out of Air Force One at Love Field.


text: The suit was double-breasted, with six gold buttons and four square pockets, two on each side. The fabric was a light weight wool from Linton Tweeds in a nubby weave known as bouclé. The color was raspberry although most press reports described it as strawberry pink. The wide quilted collar, jacket lining, piping trim on the sleeves, and at the top of each pocket was navy blue silk. There were two gold buttons on each sleeve. The buttons on the suit had navy blue piping around the edge. A clever feature of Chanel jackets was a small gold chain sewn along the inside bottom edge of jacket to provide just enough weight for it to hang straight. The suit came with a sleeveless navy silk shell blouse. For cool weather, Kennedy would wear a matching navy silk scarf knotted at the neck and tucked into the front of the jacket, which she did in Dallas. Accompanying the suit was a trademark pillbox hat in matching pink with a band of navy piping around the crown. She secured the hat to her head with a standard hatpin. Kennedy carried a navy handbag with a gold buckle and gold chain handle. She wore low-heeled navy shoes with a small gold ornament at the toe. A gold bangle bracelet on her left wrist and short white kid leather gloves with tiny wrist buttons completed her outfit.


text: Most of the American public viewing pictures of the presidential couple on television and in newspapers between 1961 and 1963 would not have known the color of the suit, given that at the time of the assassination TV news was still in black and white and newspapers did not print color photographs. The color of the suit became widely known only after the publication of color photos in Life magazine's JFK memorial issue November 29, 1963 and in Life's Warren Commission report issue October 2, 1964.


text: There was long a question among fashion historians and experts whether the suit was made by Chanel in France or a garment purchased from New York's Chez Ninon, a popular dress shop that imported European label designs and materials and put them together in the United States. A number of sources claimed it was more than likely a version of a Chanel pink bouclé wool suit trimmed with a navy blue collar, some asserting it was made by Chez Ninon in 1961. Further complicating the matter was the indisputable fact that the First Lady's "official" designer was Oleg Cassini, who provided much of her public as well as private wardrobe. In her 2010 authorized biography of Coco Chanel, Justine Picardie resolved the matter, stating the fabric, buttons and trim for the jacket came from Chanel in Paris, from which the suit was made and fitted for Kennedy at Chez Ninon, using Chanel's approved "line for line" system. Picardie insists this system had nothing to do with forgery or trademark infringement, since Chanel supplied the materials to Chez Ninon. The purpose of buying the suit from Chez Ninon was not to save money – the costs were the same – but to appear patriotic to the American electorate by buying her garments from the United States rather than France. The suit in 1963 was estimated to cost $800 to $1,000 ($ to $ in dollars).


text: Kennedy was seated to the left side of the President in the back seat of the open-top presidential limousine as the vehicle traveled through local streets in Dallas. Immediately after he was shot in the head, her suit was spattered by his blood.


text: Upon arriving at Parkland Hospital, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson's wife Lady Bird saw the car and said:


text: At the hospital, Kennedy continued to wear the blood-stained suit, but she had removed her hat. William Manchester wrote in "The Death of a President":


text: The whereabouts of the hat today are unknown, and the last person known to have had it—her personal secretary, Mary Gallagher—will not discuss it. Several people asked Kennedy whether she would like to change her suit but she refused. When Lady Bird offered to send someone to help her, she responded:


text: Kennedy had no regrets about refusing to take the blood-stained suit off; her only regret was that she had washed the blood off her face before Johnson was sworn in.


text: When Jacqueline Kennedy finally removed her suit the following morning, her maid folded it and placed it in a box. Some days after the assassination this box was dispatched to Kennedy's mother, Janet Lee Auchincloss, who wrote "November 22nd 1963" on the top of the box and stored it in her attic. Eventually the box was given to the National Archives in Maryland, together with an unsigned note bearing the Auchincloss letterhead stationery. The note read: "Jackie's suit and bag worn Nov. 22, 1963". The suit, which was never cleaned, is kept out of public view in "an acid-free container in a windowless room ... the precise location is kept secret. The temperature hovers between ; the humidity is 40 percent; the air is changed six times an hour."


text: Kennedy's Chanel suit has been variously described as "a famous pink suit which will forever be embedded in America's historical conscience", "one of those indelible images Americans had stored: Jackie in the blood-stained pink Chanel suit", "the most legendary garment in American history", and "emblematic of the ending of innocence".


text: The garment is now stored out of public view in the National Archives. It will not be seen by the public until at least 2103, according to a deed of Caroline Kennedy, Kennedy's sole surviving heir. At that time, when the 100-year deed expires, the Kennedy family descendants will renegotiate the matter.


text: The suit has been well referenced and replicated in theater and film. In 2011, a copy of the suit appeared in the mini-series "The Kennedys". However, the Chanel copy was recreated by Giorgio Armani. Costume designer Madeline Fontaine recreated the suit for the 2016 film "Jackie", with Natalie Portman portraying Kennedy; the buttons, chain, and label were provided by Chanel. Costume designer Jane Petrie recreated the suit for the eighth episode of the second season of "The Crown", titled "Dear Mrs. Kennedy". In the "Simpsons" episode "Scenes from the Class Struggle in Springfield", the Chanel outfit worn by Marge Simpson (whose maiden name is Bouvier in a nod to the former First Lady) was modelled upon Kennedy's suit. In "Never Say Goodbye", the last installment of the famous "I Will Survive" trilogy, the main character's wife wears what is very clearly a homage to the suit.


title: Trey Mancini

text: Joseph Anthony "Trey" Mancini III (born March 18, 1992) is an American professional baseball first baseman and outfielder who is a free agent. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles and Houston Astros. His nickname "Boomer", originally "Boom Boom" after Ray Mancini, morphed into its current form when he enrolled at the University of Notre Dame. The Orioles selected Mancini in the eighth round of the 2013 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut in 2016 with the Orioles.


title: Trey Mancini

text: Mancini was diagnosed with colon cancer in early 2020, consequently missing the entire shortened season. Upon his recovery, Mancini returned to baseball in 2021, subsequently becoming viewed as an inspirational figure. In 2022, he was traded midseason to the Astros, where he won the 2022 World Series.


title: Trey Mancini

text: Mancini attended Winter Haven High School in Winter Haven, Florida, where he batted .480 with six home runs as a senior. After high school, he attended the University of Notre Dame, where he played college baseball for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish and pursued a degree in political science. He played collegiate summer baseball for the Holyoke Blue Sox of the New England Collegiate Baseball League in 2011, and the Harwich Mariners of the Cape Cod Baseball League in 2012. In 2013, his junior year at Notre Dame, he slashed .389/.431/.603 with seven home runs and 54 runs batted in (RBIs) in 57 games.


title: Trey Mancini

text: The Orioles selected Mancini in the eighth round of the 2013 MLB draft. He signed, and made his professional debut with the Aberdeen IronBirds of the Class A-Short Season New York–Penn League that same year. He spent the whole season with Aberdeen, batting .328 with three home runs and 35 RBIs in 68 games. He began the 2014 season with the Delmarva Shorebirds of the Class A South Atlantic League and received a midseason promotion to the Frederick Keys of the Class A-Advanced Carolina League. In 137 games between the two teams, he compiled a .284 batting average with ten home runs and 83 RBIs. He began the 2015 season with Frederick, and was promoted during the season to the Bowie Baysox of the Class AA Eastern League. In 136 games, Mancini slashed .341/.375/.563 with 21 home runs, 89 RBIs, and 43 doubles.


title: Trey Mancini

text: After spending some time in Baltimore during spring training, Mancini returned to Bowie to start the 2016 season. He was blocked at Triple A by Joey Terdoslavich, but was promoted to the Triple-A Norfolk Tides in April 2016 as Terdoslavich struggled. He spent the remainder of the season at Norfolk, batting .280 with 13 home runs and 54 RBIs in 125 games.


title: Trey Mancini

text: The Orioles promoted Mancini to the major leagues on September 18, 2016, during September call-ups. On September 20, in his major league debut as the designated hitter against the Boston Red Sox, he hit a home run against Eduardo Rodríguez in his second at bat. His parents were in attendance to watch this his first MLB homerun. The homerun made Mancini the fourth Orioles' player to hit a home run for their first Major League hit after Larry Haney (1966), Nick Markakis (2006) and Jonathan Schoop (2013). Mancini started again two nights later and hit his second career home run, a three-run homer off David Price. He became the 20th player in major league history to hit a home run in his first two starts. He became the third player in major league history to homer in their first three starts, after he hit a solo home run against the Arizona Diamondbacks on September 24.


title: Trey Mancini

text: Mancini made the Orioles' 2017 Opening Day roster after transitioning to the outfield. On April 16, Mancini recorded his second multi-home run game of the season, while driving in four runs. He tied Trevor Story and Dino Restelli for most home runs through a player's first 12 career games with seven. On April 22, Mancini hit his fifth home run of the season and eighth of his career. He tied Story and Carlos Delgado for most home runs through a player's first 17 career games. On June 7, in a game against the Pirates, Mancini hit a game-tying, pinch-hit two-run home run in the ninth inning off closer Tony Watson. Two innings later, with two on and two outs, Mancini hit a walk-off three-run home run off Wade LeBlanc to give the Orioles a 9–6 victory. Per STATS LLC, Mancini became the first Oriole to hit a pinch-hit homer in the 9th inning or later and then hit another home run in the same game. He also became the second Oriole ever to hit a game-tying home run in the 9th inning or later and then hit a walk-off homer in the same game (Mike Young on May 28, 1987). He also joined Boog Powell ('66) and Eddie Murray ('80) as the only three Orioles to homer in the 9th inning and in extras in the same game. Mancini finished the season batting .293/.338/.488 with a .826 OPS, 120 OPS+, 24 home runs and 78 RBI in 147 games during his rookie campaign. He also collected 159 hits on his way to finishing in third place for American League Rookie of the Year voting.


title: Trey Mancini

text: Mancini batted leadoff for 51 of 156 games played in 2018. He ended the season hitting .242 with 24 home runs and 58 RBIs. Mancini was leading the Orioles in most offensive categories in late-April. He is one of three MLB players along with Alex Bregman and Anthony Rendon with at least 35 doubles, 34 home runs and 100 runs in . He set a career high with five hits in an 11–4 win over the Toronto Blue Jays at Rogers Centre on September 24, 2019. He ended the season hitting .291 with 35 home runs and 97 RBIs. Mancini was awarded the 2019 Louis M. Hatter Most Valuable Oriole Award by members of the local media.


title: Trey Mancini

text: On March 7, 2020, Mancini left the Orioles during spring training to undergo a non-baseball medical procedure. On March 12, it was revealed that the procedure was the removal of a malignant tumor from his colon. On April 28, Mancini revealed he had stage 3 colon cancer and began chemotherapy to treat his cancer. He subsequently missed the entire 2020 season.


title: Trey Mancini

text: In November 2020, Mancini announced that he was cancer-free and planned to play for the Orioles in 2021. Mancini returned to the Orioles at the beginning of spring training and appeared in the team's first game of the preseason, against the Pittsburgh Pirates. Mancini was given a standing ovation by the Orioles crowd prior to his first at-bat of the season in Baltimore. Mancini finished the 2021 season batting .255/.326/.432 with 21 home runs and 71 RBIs in 147 games. On November 22, 2021, Mancini was awarded the American League (AL) Comeback Player of the Year Award.


title: Trey Mancini

text: On July 28, 2022, Mancini hit an inside-the-park home run that started as what appeared to be a routine sacrifice fly with a runner on base. However, Tampa Bay right fielder Josh Lowe lost the ball in the afternoon sun and it deflected off his glove and hit him in the face, allowing Mancini to score. A very memorable at bat for Orioles fans due to the park’s inauguration of Mo Gaba, Baltimore’s #1 sports fan who passed on the same day in 2020. Trey commented about Mo playing around in the clouds so that he could score.


title: Trey Mancini

text: The Orioles traded Mancini to the Houston Astros in a three-team trade on August 1, 2022, in which the Orioles acquired Seth Johnson from the Tampa Bay Rays and Chayce McDermott from Houston, the Rays acquired José Siri from Houston, and the Astros also acquired Jayden Murray from the Rays. Mancini hit a home run for his first hit as an Astro on August 3 to help lead a 6–1 win versus the Boston Red Sox. Mancini hit his first career grand slam against the Cleveland Guardians on August 5. He homered on August 18 on the way to a 21–5 win over the Chicago White Sox that included 25 hits, tied for both the second-highest scoring output and most hits in team history. The Astros defeated the Tampa Bay Rays 4–0 on September 19 to clinch the AL West division title, which made Mancini a division title winner for the first time in his career.


title: Trey Mancini

text: In the 2022 regular season, between the two teams he batted .239/.319/.391 in 519 at bats, with 18 home runs and 63 RBIs. He split time between 71 games at DH, 39 at first base, 20 in left field, and 11 in right field.


title: Trey Mancini

text: In Game 5 of the World Series, Mancini pinch-hit for and defensively replaced an injured Yuli Gurriel in the eighth inning, his first time playing defense since October 5th. He would end up making a game-saving play, snagging a hard-hit ball by Kyle Schwarber to get the Astros out of a jam and preserve their 3–2 lead. The Astros defeated the Philadelphia Phillies the following game for their fourth win in the best-of-seven series to give Mancini his first career World Series title.


title: Trey Mancini

text: On August 31, 2022, Italy national baseball team manager Mike Piazza announced that Mancini would join the roster for the 2023 World Baseball Classic.


title: Trey Mancini

text: Mancini is of Italian and Irish descent. Mancini's great-grandfather, Antonio Mancini, founded Mancini Foods, a cannery that distributes peppers, onions and hot sauce, in 1922 in New Britain, Connecticut. Mancini's uncle, Rick Mancini, now runs the Florida-based company.


title: Trey Mancini

text: Mancini first met Sara Perlman in 2017, when she worked for MASN, covering the Baltimore Orioles and Washington Nationals. The couple began dating after Perlman left MASN for NBC Sports, as host of "The Daily Line". The couple became engaged in November 2021.


title: Sam Hauser

text: Samuel David 'Doogie' Hauser (born December 8, 1997) is an American professional basketball player for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Marquette Golden Eagles and the Virginia Cavaliers.


title: Sam Hauser

text: Hauser played basketball, golf and football for Stevens Point Area Senior High School (SPASH) in Stevens Point, Wisconsin. His father, Dave, was an assistant basketball coach, and his younger brother, Joey, was one of his teammates for his final two years. In his junior season, Hauser averaged 18 points, 7.5 rebounds and 3.3 assists per game and led the state with a 50.6 three-point percentage. He led his team to a 27–1 record and the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association Division 1 state championship, scoring 25 points in the title game against Germantown High School.


title: Sam Hauser

text: As a senior, Hauser helped SPASH achieve an undefeated season and win a second consecutive Division 1 state championship. He averaged 18.2 points, 6.7 rebounds, four assists and 3.1 blocks per game and was named Wisconsin Gatorade Player of the Year and shared Wisconsin Mr. Basketball honors with his teammate, Trevor Anderson. Hauser committed to playing college basketball for Marquette on May 17, 2015, over offers from Virginia, Iowa State and Creighton, among several other NCAA Division I programs.


title: Sam Hauser

text: Hauser made his debut for Marquette on November 11, 2016, scoring 14 points in 19 minutes off the bench in a 95–71 win over Vanderbilt. He was named Big East Conference Freshman of the Week. On December 4, Hauser recorded a season-high 19 points in an 89–79 victory over Georgia. He scored 19 points in his subsequent game, two days later in an 84–81 win over Fresno State. On February 21, 2017, Hauser matched his season-high again, contributing 19 points with 5 three-pointers, 8 rebounds and 4 steals in a 93–71 victory over St. John's. He also helped his team set a program record for three-pointers in a single season. As a freshman, Hauser averaged 8.8 points, five rebounds and 1.3 assists per game, shooting 45.3 percent from three-point range while leading his team in minutes and defensive rebounding.


title: Sam Hauser

text: On November 27, 2017, Hauser scored a sophomore season-high 30 points, along with nine rebounds and four assists, in an 86–83 overtime win over Eastern Illinois. On December 21, he made a career-high 7 three-pointers in a 29-point effort to lead his team past American, 92–51. Hauser matched his career-high in scoring on January 12, 2018, with 30 points and 6 rebounds in a 94–83 loss to Butler. As a sophomore, he averaged 14.1 points, 5.7 rebounds and 2.9 assists per game.


title: Sam Hauser

text: For his junior season, Hauser was joined at Marquette by his brother, Joey. On December 8, 2018, he grabbed a career-high 14 rebounds, along with 13 points and four assists, in a 74–69 victory over Wisconsin. On January 15, 2019, Hauser scored a career-high 31 points to go with eight rebounds in a 74–71 win over Georgetown. In his following game, he recorded 25 points, seven rebounds and four assists in a 79–68 victory over Providence. Hauser was subsequently named Big East Player of the Week. After averaging 14.9 points, a team-high 7.2 rebounds and 2.4 assists per game, Hauser was named to the second team All-Big East. Following the season, he announced that he would transfer from Marquette to try to find a "better fit".


title: Sam Hauser

text: On May 28, 2019, Hauser committed to continue his career at Virginia and sat out the next season due to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) transfer rules. In his debut for Virginia on November 25, 2020, he scored 19 points in an 89–54 win against Towson. As a senior, he averaged 16 points, 6.8 rebounds and 1.8 assists per game. On March 25, 2021, Hauser announced that he would declare for the 2021 NBA draft, ending his short tenure as a Cavalier.


title: Sam Hauser

text: After going undrafted in the 2021 NBA draft, Hauser signed a two-way contract with the Boston Celtics on August 13, 2021, splitting time with their G League affiliate, the Maine Celtics. On November 20, 2021, Hauser made his NBA debut in a 111-105 win over the Oklahoma City Thunder. On February 11, 2022, Hauser's two-way contract was converted into a standard NBA contract. The Celtics reached the 2022 NBA Finals, but were defeated by the Golden State Warriors in 6 games.


title: Sam Hauser

text: On November 9, 2022, Hauser recorded a career high 24 points in a 128-112 win over the Detroit Pistons.


title: Sam Hauser

text: Hauser's younger brother, Joey, was his basketball teammate in high school and collegiately at Marquette. His sister, Nicole Hauser, played volleyball at Southern Connecticut.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: Rayman 2: The Great Escape is a 1999 platform video game developed by Ubi Pictures and published by Ubi Soft for the Nintendo 64, Microsoft Windows, Sega Dreamcast and Sony PlayStation. An enhanced remake titled "Rayman Revolution" ("Rayman 2: Revolution" in North America) was developed by Ubi Soft Annecy for the PlayStation 2. An alternative remake known as "Rayman 2 Forever" was developed by Ubi Soft Milan for the Game Boy Color.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: The game centers on the character Rayman, who is tasked with saving the fantastical land of the Fairy Glade from an army of robotic pirates led by Admiral Razorbeard.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: The game is played from a third-person perspective and the player has control over the camera, though in some situations this control is limited to only certain angles. At several points in the game the player loses control during cut scenes, which typically show dialogue between characters.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: By collecting lums (small bodies, or shards of magical energy), the player unlocks more information about the game world and its back story, which can be read by standing still and pressing a specific button for some time. Some back story is also obtained through (optional) instructions from Murfy, a "flying encyclopaedia" who provides explanations on all kinds of gameplay elements.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: In contrast to its predecessor, which was a 2D platformer, "Rayman 2" is a 3D platformer. The player navigates through a mostly linear sequence of levels, fighting enemy Robo-Pirates, solving puzzles and collecting "lums". Collecting enough lums gains the player access to new parts of the world. Part of the lums are hidden in small cages, in which other freedom fighters or Teensies are imprisoned, and can be obtained by breaking the cages.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: Rayman starts the game with minimal abilities, and he can gain more abilities as the game progresses. The main weapon available in the game is Rayman's fist, with which energy orbs can be shot. Eventually, the orbs can be charged before shooting them, making them more powerful. Rayman can also enter a strafing stance which allows him to easily aim orbs whilst avoiding enemy attacks. Rayman later gains the ability to swing over large gaps using Purple Lums. Rayman is also able to use his helicopter hair to slow his descent while jumping, with some segments later in the game allowing him to fly with his hair. There are also various items Rayman can use throughout the game, such as explosive barrels he can throw, giant plums he can ride on to carry him across dangerous surfaces, and rockets he must ride on to access new areas.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: In addition to the main, story-based level sequence, there are also several levels in which the player can gain bonuses in a time trial. Additionally, by collecting all lums and breaking all cages in a level, the player unlocks a bonus level in which one of Globox's children races against a robot pirate. When the player controlling the child wins the race, Rayman gains health or a powerup.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: "Rayman 2" takes place in a world called the Glade of Dreams, and revolves around its invasion and occupation by an armada of interstellar Robo-Pirates, led by Admiral Razorbeard. Prior to the invasion, the Robo-Pirates destroyed over one hundred planets in the galaxy, with the intention of enslaving their inhabitants. Upon the invasion of the Glade of Dreams, the Robo-Pirates were battled against by Rayman, Globox, and other allies. After some battles, Rayman's capture occurs after the explosion of the Primordial Core. Ly the Fairy telepathically communicates with Rayman explaining the consequences of the damage, with the core's shattering into 1000 Yellow Lums, and the capture of many fighters. Rayman's powers are also lost due to this, and he finds himself captured by the Robo-Pirates at the beginning of the game.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: The destruction of the world's core greatly weakens and disables Rayman's powers, which leads to his subsequent capture and imprisonment aboard the "Buccaneer", a prison ship. Globox, a friend of Rayman, is also captured and put in the same cell as Rayman aboard the "Buccaneer". Globox gives Rayman a Silver Lum given to him by Ly the fairy, which temporarily restores some of his powers. Rayman escapes the prison ship through a chute, however during the escape he once again separates from Globox. After falling from the ship, Rayman eventually finds himself in the Woods of Light. Rayman decides that his best chance is to find Ly, and begins his search through the forest. He comes across Murfy, a "flying encyclopaedia", who serves as Rayman's guide throughout the game, as well as three of Globox's children. Rayman sadly informs them of his separation with Globox, much to their dismay. The children inform Rayman that Ly has been captured by Robo-Pirates and has been taken deeper into the forest.


title: Rayman 2: The Great Escape

text: Traversing deeper into the forest, Rayman frees a group of Teensies—small creatures with magical abilities—who were locked in a cage. After bickering amongst themselves about who among them is their king, they inform Rayman of the Ly's location in a stronghold within the Fairy Glade. They allow Rayman access to the Hall of Doors for the cost of some Yellow Lums. Once collected, the King Teensie creates a network of portals that connect the Hall of Doors, which Rayman uses in order to access various areas throughout the Glade of Dreams. Eventually, Rayman finds Ly being held captive in a force field within the Fairy Glade. After being freed, Rayman tells Ly of his separation with Globox and his loss of powers. Due to the destruction of the Heart of the World, Ly is unable to restore Rayman's powers. However, she tells Rayman of four ancient masks, through which Polokus, the spirit of the world, must be awakened in order to defeat the Robo-Pirates. The four masks are hidden in secret sanctuaries consisting of the four elements; water/ice, earth/stone, fire, and air. Ly informs Rayman that his only hope is to find the four masks, defeat their guardians, and awaken Polokus.