title: Learned Hand

text: Hand was also a founding member of the American Law Institute, where he helped develop the influential Restatements of the Law serving as models for refining and improving state codes in various fields. One American Law Institute recommendation was to decriminalize sexual conduct such as adultery and homosexuality, for which reason the July–August 1955 issue of the Mattachine Society Review, the magazine of the country's first nationwide homosexual organization, published a salute to Judge Hand featuring his photograph on the cover.


title: Learned Hand

text: After Hand's lectures and publications became widely known, his influence reached courts throughout the country. On the occasion of his 75th birthday on January 27, 1947, "The Washington Post" reported: "He has won recognition as a judges' judge. His opinions command respect wherever our law extends, not because of his standing in the judicial hierarchy, but because of the clarity of thought and the cogency of reasoning that shape them."


title: Learned Hand

text: To the wider public, who knew little of his legal work, Hand was by then a folk hero. Social scientist Marvin Schick has pointed out that this mythic status is a paradox. Because Hand never served on the Supreme Court, the majority of his cases were routine and his judgments rooted in precedent. On Hand's retirement in 1951, Felix Frankfurter predicted that his "actual decisions will be all deader than the Dodo before long, as at least many of them are already". Working for a lower court, however, saved Hand from the taint of political influence that often hung over the Supreme Court. Hand's eloquence as a writer played a larger part in the spread of his influence than the substance of his decisions; and Schick believes that the Hand myth brushes over contradictions in his legal philosophy. Hand's reputation as a libertarian obscures the fact that he was cautious as a judge. Though a liberal, he argued for judicial restraint in interpreting the Constitution, and regarded the advancement of civil liberties as a task for the legislature, not the courts. In his 1958 Holmes Lectures, for example, he voiced doubts about the constitutionality of the Warren Court's civil rights rulings. This philosophy of judicial restraint failed to influence the decisions of the Supreme Court during Hand's lifetime and afterwards.


title: Learned Hand

text: Finally, in an essay called "Origin of a Hero" discussing his novel the "Rector of Justin", author Louis Auchincloss says the main character was not based on a headmaster—certainly not, as was often speculated, Groton's famous Endicott Peabody. "If you want to disguise a real life character," Auchincloss advised fellow novelists, "just change his profession." His actual model for the Rector of Justin was "the greatest man it has been my good luck to know"—Judge Learned Hand.


title: Robert William Cumberbatch

text: Robert William Cumberbatch (1821–1876) was a British diplomat who held the post of Consul in the Russian and Ottoman Empires.


title: Robert William Cumberbatch

text: Cumberbatch was born in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, the son of Abraham Parry Cumberbatch (1784–1840), a wealthy slave owner in Barbados, and his second wife, Caroline Chaloner (1788–1840).


title: Robert William Cumberbatch

text: He first went to Istanbul in June 1845 to serve as secretary to his half-brother Abraham Carleton Cumberbatch, who had been promoted from Vice Consul to Consul General there on 3 May 1845. Cumberbatch served as Acting Second Consul from May 1855 to June 1856, then as third Vice Consul until September 1857. He was appointed Consul at Berdiansk on the Sea of Azov (now Ukraine, but then part of the Russian Empire) on 12 January 1858. On 25 April 1864 he was appointed Consul at Smyrna (now İzmir, Turkey), remaining in his post until his death. Being in the diplomatic service in Smyrna, Cumberbatch enthusiastically struggled with slave trade. He was buried at the British Cemetery at Smyrna on 30 March 1876.


title: Robert William Cumberbatch

text: Cumberbatch was married twice. In 1843 he married Ellen Lloyd in Winkfield, Berkshire, and in 1853 he married Louisa Grace Hanson in Constantinople. Cumberbatch and Hanson had ten children:


title: Robert William Cumberbatch

text: Through Henry Arnold Cumberbatch, his grandson was Commander Henry Carlton Cumberbatch RN, his great-grandson is actor Timothy Carlton, and his great-great-grandson is the actor Benedict Cumberbatch.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Joseph Isaac Schooling (born 16 June 1995) is a Singaporean professional swimmer who specialises in butterfly, freestyle and medley events. He was the gold medalist in the 100m butterfly at the 2016 Olympics, achieving Singapore's first ever Olympic gold medal. His winning time of 50.39s broke multiple records at the National, Southeast Asian, Asian and Olympic levels.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: An alumnus of the Anglo-Chinese School, he subsequently graduated from the University of Texas at Austin, where he was a member of the Texas Longhorns swimming team, one of the top collegiate swim programmes under two-time United States Olympic men's head coach Eddie Reese. He first qualified for the Olympics in 2012 after winning the 200m butterfly at the 2011 SEA Games.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Joseph Schooling was born and raised in Singapore, being a fourth-generation Singaporean. Joseph Schooling is the only child of May and Colin Schooling, and has Eurasian ancestry through his father. May was previously from Perak and had moved to Singapore to become a permanent resident, having also played professionally in tennis; while Colin, a businessman born in Singapore and educated at Raffles Institution, was a hurdler and water polo player who represented Singapore in softball.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: His great-uncle was Lloyd Valberg, who was Singapore's first Olympian in the 1948 Summer Olympics. He was the one who inspired Schooling to participate in the Olympics. Schooling's great-grandfather was a British military officer who married a Portuguese-Eurasian in Singapore.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling's early years of education were spent at the Anglo-Chinese School (Junior) at Newton. He next attended Anglo-Chinese School (Independent) at Dover, before attending the Bolles School in 2009 at Jacksonville, Florida, United States. In 2010, Schooling started training under Sergio Lopez Miro, who later on in 2015 would become Singapore's national head coach. In 2014, after completing high school, he enrolled at the University of Texas at Austin.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Joseph Schooling's father Colin Schooling died on 18 November 2021 at the age of 73. He had been undergoing treatment for cancer since June of 2021.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling won two individual titles (100 & 200-yard butterfly) at the 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships. His other title came from the 400-yard medley relay. He teamed up with Kip Darmody, Will Licon and Jack Conger to break the NCAA and US Open records. In the 200-yard medley relay, he was a member of the Texas team that finished third. Schooling also swam in the 200-yard medley consolation final (finishing first) and the 400-yard freestyle relay where Texas finished fourth.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling successfully defended his butterfly titles, setting both NCAA and US open records of 44.01 in the 100-yard butterfly and 1:37.97 in the 200-yard butterfly at the 2016 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships. He also won golds as a member of the 200 and 800-yard freestyle relays and the 400-yard medley relay. His silver came from the 400-yard freestyle relay and bronze from the 200-yard medley relay.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling obtained four gold medals, a silver and a bronze medal at the 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships. His gold medals came from the 200 and 400-yard medley relays and the 200 and 400-yard freestyle relays. Texas set new NCAA and US open records in all of the relays he was involved except for the 200-yard medley relay.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling started off his individual campaign with a bronze in the 50-yard freestyle in 18.79 behind Caeleb Dressel and Ryan Held. He was unable to defend his butterfly titles, finishing behind Dressel in the 100-yard butterfly in 43.75 (2nd man fastest all-time). In the 200-yard butterfly, he failed to make the finals, finishing 37th overall.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling ended his collegiate career at the University of Texas with 12 NCAA titles (4 individuals & 8 relays).


title: Joseph Schooling

text: In the early part of his career, Schooling was trained by coaches and swimmers of Australia under the monitoring of Monash University in a Singapore Sports Council programme.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: At the 2011 Southeast Asian Games, Schooling's 1:56.67 winning time in the 200 fly met the "A" qualifying mark for the 2012 London Olympics. Unfortunately, he did not qualify for the semi-finals after finishing poorly in his heats where swimming officials disallowed the use of his swimming cap and goggles, causing him to have to search for new ones just minutes before the competition, affecting his state of mind.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling is the first Singaporean to win a swimming medal at the Commonwealth Games, taking silver in the 100 m butterfly at the 2014 games in Glasgow.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling's major breakthrough finally came during the Asian Games, where he clocked 51.76 seconds in the 100 m butterfly finals. Schooling's timing of 51.76 seconds was a new Asian Games record. It was Singapore's first Asian Games gold in the men's category since 1982. Schooling had earlier won a bronze for the 200 m butterfly event, ending a 24-year medal drought for Singapore's male swimming event. He followed that by winning a silver in the 50 m butterfly event.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: At the 2015 SEA Games held in Singapore, Schooling took part in nine events, achieving gold and breaking Games records in all of them. Schooling's time of 22.47 seconds in the 50 m freestyle broke a 33-year national record (22.69 s) that was held by Ang Peng Siong, who had set it at the 1982 U.S. Swimming Championships.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling continued with his streak of achievements in the 2015 World Aquatics Championships. He advanced to the 50 m and 100 m butterfly finals, breaking the National Records for both events. In the 50 m butterfly event, he broke the Asian Record in the semi-finals before breaking it again in the finals with a time of 23.25 seconds, while in the 100 m butterfly event, he broke the Asian Record in the finals, with a time of 50.96 seconds. His bronze medal was Singapore's first ever medal at the FINA World Aquatics Championships.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: On 12 August 2016, in Rio de Janeiro, Schooling won a gold medal in the 100 m butterfly with a time of 50.39 seconds, the first Olympic gold medal won by Singapore. The time set a new Olympic record, beating Phelps' record of 50.58 seconds at the 2008 Summer Olympics.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: In the semi-finals on 11 August 2016, Schooling swam 50.83 seconds as the fastest qualifier for the final. The time was a personal best, a national record, an Asian record, and the fastest time then-recorded in 2016 for the event, but only for a day as Schooling improved his time in the final.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: The Singapore National Olympic Council awarded Schooling S$1 million (about US$740,000) under the Multi-Million Dollar Award Programme (MAP), 20% of which had to be ploughed back to the Singapore Swimming Association for future training and development. Singapore's unique "rewards for sports excellence" is deemed to be the world's largest Olympic cash prize. As a University of Texas collegiate swimmer, Schooling was subject to the NCAA's strict rules against college athletes accepting prize money. However, Schooling received his country's award as it fell within the NCAA exception of awards to foreign students.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling's performance in Rio was listed in swimming magazine Swim Swam's Top 10 Swims Of 2016. He came in at No. 4, after Hungarian Katinka Hosszú (400 IM, Rio Olympics), American Katie Ledecky (800 m freestyle, Rio Olympics), Briton Adam Peaty (100 m breaststroke, Rio Olympics).


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling swam 3 events (50 m, 100 m butterfly and 100 m freestyle) in Budapest. He broke his own Asian record twice in the 50 m butterfly heats (23.05 sec) and semi-finals (22.93 sec). He clocked 22.95 sec in the finals to finish 5th. He missed out on 100 m freestyle semi-final after finishing 17th in the heats. In the 100m butterfly finals, Olympic Champion Schooling was the favourite to win the event but Caeleb Dressel was too dominant from the heats to the finals. Dressel clocked 49.86 sec in the final to eclipse Schooling's world textile best time of 50.39 sec, set in Rio Olympics. Caeleb's time was 0.04 sec shy of Michael Phelps supersuit World Record. Schooling obtained a joint-Bronze medal with Briton James Guy with a time of 50.83 sec.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling swam six events at the 29th SEA Games held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He won all his events and broke four South-east Asian records (50 m, 100 m butterfly, 4 × 100 m freestyle relay & 4 × 100 m medley relay).


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling participated in 3 individual events (50 m freestyle, 50 m, and 100 m butterfly) and 3 relays (4 × 100 m freestyle, 4 × 200 m freestyle & 4 × 100 m medley). He successfully defended his 100 m butterfly Gold with a new Asian Games record of 51.04 seconds. He later won Singapore's second Gold in the 50 m butterfly. He also contributed to the bronze medal winning relays (4 × 100 m freestyle & 4 × 200 m freestyle) and was 4th in 4 × 100 m medley relay. Both the 4 × 100 m and 4 × 200 m freestyle relays set a new national record.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling swam 3 events (50 m, 100 m butterfly and 4×100 m freestyle relay) in Gwangju. He did not qualify for the semi-finals for all his events.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling swam six events at the 30th SEA Games held in the Philippines. He obtained four gold and two silver medals. He lost the 50 m butterfly to Teong Tzen Wei and the 100m freestyle to Darren Chua.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling did not defend his 100m butterfly title at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics after failing to qualify for the semi-finals finishing 8th in his Heat. He placed 44th overall with a time of 53.12 seconds. Schooling also failed to qualify for the 100m freestyle semi-finals after finishing 6th in his Heat and 39th overall with a time of 49.84 seconds.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Despite Schooling's failure to defend his title and his shortcomings at the 2020 Olympics, there were a lot of support among Singaporeans for his effort. President of Singapore Halimah Yacob also added to show their support for the athletes.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: Schooling competed in his first SEA Games since enlisting for mandatory National Service in Singapore at the 31st SEA Games held in Hanoi, Vietnam. The Singapore Men's team for the 4x100m freestyle relay, comprising Mikkel Lee, Jonathan Tan, Joseph Schooling and Quah Zheng Wen, was disqualified for an early take-off from one of the swimmers, after coming first in the race, thereby stripping Schooling of his first gold medal of the Games. Schooling however went on to win 2 golds and a bronze medal in the 100m butterfly, 4x100m medley and the 4x200m freestyle relay respectively. Schooling remains unbeaten in the 100m butterfly since the 2013 SEA Games, winning his 5th consecutive gold medal in the event.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: In August 2016, Schooling had his National Service (NS) deferred until after the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo. The Armed Forces Council had approved Schooling's request to extend his deferment, as he had been exemplary in fulfilling the “raison d'être” for his deferment from 2013 Winter Olympics to the 2016 Summer Olympics. Minister for Defence Ng Eng Hen had said then that NS deferment "may be granted in exceptional circumstances to individual sportsmen, who are assessed to be potential medal winners at international competitions like the Olympic Games and bring national pride for the country.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: On 27 June 2018, Schooling launched his swimming school called Swim Schooling. The school is managed by his mother, May Schooling.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: In 2020, Schooling and fellow national swimmer Quah Zheng Wen applied to further extend their National Service deferment, given the postponement of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics due to the COVID-19 situation. Following Schooling and Quah's performance in the Tokyo Olympics, netizens quipped that both, who had been granted full-time National Service deferments, should now go, "From Tokyo to Tekong", citing the island where new recruits are trained. Schooling began serving National Service on 3 January 2022, he currently holds the rank of Private. However, he was allowed short-term disruptions during his service when he had to train and compete. This privilege was rescinded when it was reported on 30 August 2022 that Schooling had taken cannabis when he was overseas training for and participating in the 2021 Southeast Asian Games.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: In October 2016, Schooling received the Pingat Jasa Gemilang (Meritorious Service Medal) for his exceptional achievements at the Rio Olympics 2016 by winning Singapore's first ever Olympic gold medal in the men's 100m butterfly.


title: Joseph Schooling

text: On 7 August 2017, an Orchid was named after Schooling; "Dendrobium Joseph Schooling" is a "vigorous and free flowering" hybrid with yellow and slightly twisted petals.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Shoshana Zuboff (born 18 November 1951) is an American author, Harvard professor, social psychologist, philosopher, and scholar.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff is the author of the books "In the Age of the Smart Machine: The Future of Work and Power" and "The Support Economy: Why Corporations Are Failing Individuals and the Next Episode of Capitalism", co-authored with James Maxmin. "The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power", integrates core themes of her research: the Digital Revolution, the evolution of capitalism, the historical emergence of psychological individuality, and the conditions for human development.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff's work is the source of many original concepts including "surveillance capitalism", "instrumentarian power", "the division of learning in society", "economies of action", "the means of behavior modification", "information civilization", "computer-mediated work", the "automate/informate" dialectic, "abstraction of work", "individualization of consumption" and "the coup from above".


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff received her B.A. in philosophy from the University of Chicago, and her Ph.D. in social psychology from Harvard University.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff joined Harvard Business School in 1981 where she became the Charles Edward Wilson Professor of Business Administration and one of the first tenured women on the Harvard Business School faculty. In 2014 and 2015 she was a Faculty Associate at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at the Harvard Law School.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff's 1988 book, "In the Age of the Smart Machine: The Future of Work and Power", is a study of information technology in the workplace.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Major concepts introduced in this book relate to knowledge, authority, and power in the information workplace. These include the duality of information technology as an informating and an automating technology; the abstraction of work associated with information technology and its related intellectual skill demands; computer-mediated work; the "information panopticon"; information technology as a challenge to managerial authority and command/control; the social construction of technology; the shift from a division of labor to a division of learning; and the inherently collaborative patterns of information work, among others.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: "The Support Economy: Why Corporations Are Failing Individuals and the Next Episode of Capitalism" (2002), co-authored with James Maxmin, is the product of multi-disciplinary research integrating history, sociology, management, and economics. It argues that the new structure of demand associated with the "individuation of consumption" had produced widespread institutional failures in every domain, including a growing divide between the individuals and the commercial organizations upon which they depend.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Writing before the advent of smartphones and widespread Internet access, Zuboff and Maxmin argue that wealth creation in an individualized society would require leveraging new digital capabilities to enable a "distributed capitalism". This would entail a shift away from a primary focus on economies of scale, asset intensification, concentration, central control, and anonymous transactions in "organization-space" towards support-oriented relationships in "individual-space" with products and services configured and distributed to meet individualized wants and needs.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff's work explores a novel market form and a specific logic of capitalist accumulation that she termed "surveillance capitalism". She first presented her concept in a 2014 essay, "A Digital Declaration", published in German and English in the "Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung". Her followup 2015 scholarly article in the "Journal of Information Technology" titled "Big Other: Surveillance Capitalism and the Prospects of an Information Civilization" received the International Conference on Information Systems Scholars' 2016 Best Paper Award.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Surveillance capitalism and its consequences for twenty-first century society are most fully theorized in her book "The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power". She summarizes it thus: "Surveillance capitalism is best described as a coup from above, not an overthrow of the state but rather an overthrow of the people's sovereignty and a prominent force in the perilous drift towards democratic de-consolidation that now threatens Western liberal democracies."


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: The "epistemic coup" (i.e. the coup enacted by tech corporations to claim ownership of knowledge in society) is summarized as follows:


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: "In an information civilization, societies are defined by questions of knowledge—how it is distributed, the authority that governs its distribution and the power that protects that authority.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Surveillance capitalists now hold the answers to each question, though we never elected them to govern.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: This is the essence of the epistemic coup. They claim the authority to decide who knows by asserting ownership rights over our personal information and defend that authority with the power to control critical information systems and infrastructures."


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff's scholarship on surveillance capitalism as a "rogue mutation of capitalism" has become a primary framework for understanding big data and the larger field of commercial surveillance that she describes as a "surveillance-based economic order". She argues that neither privacy nor antitrust laws provide adequate protection from the unprecedented practices of surveillance capitalism. Zuboff describes surveillance capitalism as an economic and social logic. Her book originated the concept of "instrumentarian power", in comparison to traditional totalitarian power. Instrumentarian power is a consequence of surveillance capitalist operations which threaten individual autonomy and democracy. As the driving force behind it, she identifies capital accumulation, without being confined to market capitalism.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Many issues that plague contemporary society including the assault on privacy and the so-called "privacy paradox", behavioral targeting, fake news, ubiquitous tracking, legislative and regulatory failure, algorithmic governance, social media addiction, abrogation of human rights, democratic destabilization, and more are reinterpreted and explained through the lens of surveillance capitalism's economic and social imperatives. Her work is an influential source for the Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence community.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: In 1993, Zuboff founded the executive education program "Odyssey: School for the Second Half of Life" at the Harvard Business School. The program addressed the issues of transformation and career renewal at midlife. During twelve years of her teaching and leadership, Odyssey became known as the premier program of its kind in the world.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: In addition to her academic work, Zuboff brought her ideas to many commercial and public/private ventures through her public speaking as well as her direct involvement in key projects, particularly in social housing, health care, education, and elder care.


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: Zuboff also became a business columnist, developing and disseminating new concepts from "The Support Economy". From 2003 to 2005, Zuboff published her ideas in her monthly column "Evolving", published in the magazine "Fast Company". From 2007 through 2009, she was a featured columnist for "Business Week".


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: From 2013 to 2016, Zuboff was a frequent contributor to the "Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung", where essays drawn from her emerging work on surveillance capitalism were published in German and English. In 2019, Zuboff further developed her critique of the social, political and economic impacts of digital technologies in "The Age of Surveillance Capitalism".


title: Shoshana Zuboff

text: On 25 September 2020, Zuboff was named as one of the 25 members of the Real Facebook Oversight Board, an independent monitoring group over Facebook.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: Arshdeep Singh (born 5 February 1999) is an Indian professional cricketer, who plays for India national cricket team in international cricket. In Indian domestic cricket, he plays for Punjab in First–class, List A, T20s and for Punjab Kings in Indian Premier League. Singh is a left-arm medium fast bowler and left-handed lower order batter.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: He made his international debut for the Indian team in T20I, in July 2022 versus England. Singh primarily plays as a medium fast bowler and is notable for his death over bowling in which he uses yorkers.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: Arshdeep Sigh was born in a Sikh family to Darshan Singh and Baljit Kaur at Guna Madhya Pradesh, where his father was posted in Central Industrial Security Force (CISF). His father worked in CISF for more than 25 years. Later Singh's family shifted to Kharar, near Chandigarh, where Singh now live with his family. Darshan Singh now works as a security head in Groz Beckert Asia inside Industrial Area of Chandigarh. He started playing gully cricket with neighborhood boys and later joined Jaswant Rai's cricket academy, Chandigarh in 2015. His elder brother Akashdeep Singh lives in Brampton, Canada.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: As of 5 October 2022, Arshdeep Singh has played for India under-19, India under-23, Punjab, Punjab kings teams and for Indian men's national cricket team in T20Is.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: In junior cricket he played in "Katoch Shield" tournament. He was part of Indian under 19 cricket team who won 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: In 2018, he played for Punjab under-23 cricket team in CK Nayudu Trophy. In the tournament playing against Rajasthan, he took 8 wickets including a hat-trick in Rajasthan's second inning and 10 wickets in that match.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: Singh made his List A debut for Punjab in the 2018–19 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 19 September 2018. Prior to his List A debut, he was named in India's squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: In December 2018, he was bought by the Kings XI Punjab in the player auction for the 2019 Indian Premier League. He made his Twenty20 debut for Kings XI Punjab in the 2019 Indian Premier League on 16 April 2019. He finished as the team's second-highest wicket-taker and has been lauded for his good performances. In November 2019, he was named in India's squad for the 2019 ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup in Bangladesh. He made his first-class debut on 25 December 2019, for Punjab in the 2019–20 Ranji Trophy.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: In June 2021, he was named as one of five net bowlers for India's tour of Sri Lanka. Following a positive case for COVID-19 in the Indian team, Singh was added to India's main squad for their final two Twenty20 International (T20I) matches of the tour. In May 2022, Singh was named in India's T20I squad for their series against South Africa. The following month, he was named in India's T20I squad for their two-match series against Ireland.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: In June 2022, Singh was named in India's One Day International (ODI) and T20I squads for their tour of England. In July 2022, he was again named in India's ODI squad, this time for their away series against the West Indies. He made his T20I debut on 7 July 2022, for India against England. In a 2022 series against West Indies he picked seven wickets in five matches with a 16.14 bowling average and was named player of the series.


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: On October 2022, he was named in India's squad for the Series against Sauth Africa, he picked 5 wickets in 2 matches with an bowling average of 18,80


title: Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)

text: In September, He was named in India's squad for the 2022 ICC T20 World Cup,In first match against Pakistan he picked 3/32 wickets in 4 overs, He was the highest wicket taker for team India, he picked 10 wickets in 6 matches with an bowling average of 15,60


title: Splash Splash Love

text: Splash Splash Love () is a South Korean television series starring Kim Seul-gi and Yoon Doo-joon. It initially aired on web platform Naver TV Cast in a 10-episode format. It was then broadcast by MBC on December 13 and 20, 2015 in two 60-minute episodes.


title: Splash Splash Love

text: The series aired two years after the popular novel "Moonlight Drawn by Clouds" was serialized on Naver in 2013. Like "Splash", "Moonlight" is about the love story between a cross-dressing eunuch and a monarch. The novel is the original work from which the drama "Love in the Moonlight" (2016) was adapted from.


title: Splash Splash Love

text: Danbi is a senior high school student taking the College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT). However, she is not good at mathematics and was reluctant to take the exam. On exam day, she decides to run away and stop by a playground, wishing she would disappear when she heard a drum in a puddle of water nearby. As she has the ability to travel through spacetime, she took a leap of faith and jumped into the puddle of water and into the Joseon era.


title: Splash Splash Love

text: In Joseon, she is mistaken for a eunuch and serving in the palace she thus becomes a confidante of King Lee Do. Danbi finds that in the Joseon Dynasty, her high school level of math and science makes her the greatest scientist in the entire Kingdom. She falls in love with the King and inspires him in his reform the country.


title: Splash Splash Love

text: However, fearing for their own privileges, Danbi becomes the target of traditionalist courtiers who seek her death. Having a hand in saving both the King and the Queen, Danbi becomes friends with the Queen who, in order to allow the King and Danbi to be together, endorses Danbi becoming a royal consort. Presented to the Queen Dowager, who is a doppelganger of her own mother, Danbi becomes very home sick and therefore decides to return to her era. Lee accepts her decision, and they leave, heading for the beach, where they share a passionate good bye with each other before Danbi disappears into the portal in the water. When she has disappeared, Lee swears that he will find her again, no matter how long it will take.


title: Splash Splash Love

text: Back in her own time, Danbi one day watches a singer on the screen at her work, and is stunned that the artist is a living copy of the King's bodyguard. The singer declares a love song and sings about a "splash of love", when it suddenly starts to rain outside.


title: Splash Splash Love

text: Outside on the street, Danbi notices a water pool and seriously considers stepping into it, returning to Lee, when she is suddenly approached by a man who silently holds up an umbrella over her head. She looks up and realizes he is the king, the living copy of Lee, and they stand silently looking into each other's eyes for a long while before he breaks the silence by telling her that they have met before - "a long time ago", he adds, and the viewer is shown a flashback of an earlier occasion on a bus where Danbi dropped her things on the floor and he helped her picking them up. It is heavily implied that he is the reincarnation of Lee, who has now finally found his love again just as he swore he would all those years ago.


title: Lauric acid

text: Lauric acid, systematically dodecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a 12-carbon atom chain, thus having many properties of medium-chain fatty acids. It is a bright white, powdery solid with a faint odor of bay oil or soap. The salts and esters of lauric acid are known as laurates.


title: Lauric acid

text: Lauric acid, as a component of triglycerides, comprises about half of the fatty-acid content in coconut milk, coconut oil, laurel oil, and palm kernel oil (not to be confused with palm oil), Otherwise, it is relatively uncommon. It is also found in human breast milk (6.2% of total fat), cow's milk (2.9%), and goat's milk (3.1%).


title: Lauric acid

text: Like many other fatty acids, lauric acid is inexpensive, has a long shelf-life, is nontoxic, and is safe to handle. It is used mainly for the production of soaps and cosmetics. For these purposes, lauric acid is reacted with sodium hydroxide to give sodium laurate, which is a soap. Most commonly, sodium laurate is obtained by saponification of various oils, such as coconut oil. These precursors give mixtures of sodium laurate and other soaps.


title: Lauric acid

text: Although 95% of medium-chain triglycerides are absorbed through the portal vein, only 25–30% of lauric acid is absorbed through it.


title: Lauric acid

text: Lauric acid increases total serum lipoproteins more than many other fatty acids, but mostly high-density lipoprotein (HDL). As a result, lauric acid has been characterized as having "a more favorable effect on total HDL than any other fatty acid [examined], either saturated or unsaturated". In general, a lower total/HDL serum lipoprotein ratio correlates with a decrease in atherosclerotic incidence. Nonetheless, an extensive meta-analysis on foods affecting the total LDL/serum lipoprotein ratio found in 2003 that the net effects of lauric acid on coronary artery disease outcomes remained uncertain. A 2016 review of coconut oil (which is nearly half lauric acid) was similarly inconclusive about the effects on cardiovascular disease incidence.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Micajah "Big" Harpe, born Joshua Harper (before 1768 – August 24, 1799), and Wiley "Little" Harpe, born William Harper (before 1770 – February 8, 1804), were murderers, highwaymen and river pirates who operated in Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois and Mississippi in the late 18th century. They are often considered the earliest documented serial killers in the United States history.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution, the Harpes became outlaws after the war and began robbing and killing settlers in the remote frontier west of the Appalachian Mountains. They are believed to have killed 39 people, and possibly as many as 50. As the Harpes' crimes gained notoriety, vigilante groups formed to avenge their victims, and they were eventually tracked down and executed around the turn of the century. Their savagery has since entered American folklore, appearing to have been motivated more by blood lust than financial gain.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Historians note the difficulty of differentiating the facts about the Harpe brothers from the later legends of their exploits, as there are few certain records of their lives from the time period. They are believed to have been born in what is now Orange County, North Carolina to Scottish parents. Micajah was probably born in or before 1768 as Joshua Harper, and Wiley in or before 1770 as William Harper.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Though many historical accounts identify them as brothers, it is also possible they were first cousins named Joshua and William Harper who emigrated from Scotland in 1759 or 1760. According to this theory, their fathers were brothers, John and William Harper, who settled in Orange County, North Carolina, between 1761 and 1763. Like many Scottish settlers of the American colonies, the Harpers were Calvinists and avowed Tories loyal to the king.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Prior to the American Revolution, Big and Little Harpe's fathers may also have served in Tory militias in the War of the Regulation or "Regulator War" of 1765–1771, during which colonists in the Carolinas took up arms against the continuing royal government interference by British colonial officials. When the Revolutionary War began, the Harpes' fathers tried to join the Patriot American forces but were refused because of their earlier associations with British loyalists. The treatment of the Harpe family by hostile Patriot neighbors may have contributed to Big and Little Harpe's feelings of persecution and their desire for revenge against people they considered rebellious traitors who were still the British subjects of King George III.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Around April or May 1775, the young Harpes left North Carolina and went to Virginia to find overseer jobs on a slave plantation. Big Harpe later traveled in the company of two women, Susan and Betsey/Betty Roberts, possibly sisters, both of whom bore him children. Little Harpe married Sarah "Sally" Rice, the daughter of a Baptist minister.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Little is known of the Harpes' precise whereabouts at the outbreak of the American Revolution. According to the eyewitness account of Captain James Wood of the Continental Army, they joined a Tory


title: Harpe brothers

text: "rape gang" in North Carolina. These predatory Loyalist criminals took advantage of wartime lawlessness by raping, stealing, murdering and burning and destroying property, especially the farms of Patriot colonists.


title: Harpe brothers

text: The Harpes' gang took part in the kidnapping of three teenage girls, with a fourth girl being rescued by a Captain Wood. The Harpes also served as military associators, who were not provided soldiers' uniforms, weapons, and pay by the British government. Like many other Loyalist volunteers, they survived by foraging, robbery, and the looting of battlefields.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Captain Wood's son was Frank Wood, a Patriot soldier of the frontier Overmountain Men and the older brother of Susan Wood, who was later kidnapped and made the wife of Micajah Harpe. Frank Wood claimed to have seen the Harpe brothers, serving "loosely" as Tory militia, at the Battle of Kings Mountain in October 1780, under British commander Major Patrick Ferguson. During the three-hour engagement, Wood took aim at Big Harpe but missed his target. Later, the Harpes served under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton's British Legion at the Battles of Blackstocks in November 1780 and Cowpens in January 1781.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Following the decisive British defeat by Patriot and French forces at Yorktown in 1781, the Harpes left North Carolina, dispersing with their Indian allies, the renegade Chickamauga Cherokee, to Tennessee villages west of the Appalachian Mountains. On April 2, 1781, they joined war parties of four hundred Chickamauga to attack the Patriot frontier settlement of Bluff Station at Fort Nashborough (present-day Nashville, Tennessee), which would be assaulted by them again on either July 20, 1788, or April 9, 1793. On August 19, 1782, the Harpes accompanied a British-backed Chickamauga Cherokee war party to Kentucky at the Battle of Blue Licks, where they helped to defeat an army of Patriot frontiersmen led by Daniel Boone.


title: Harpe brothers

text: During the Harpes' early frontier period among the Chickamauga Cherokee, they lived in the village of Nickajack, near Chattanooga, Tennessee, for approximately twelve or thirteen years. During this time, they kidnapped Maria Davidson and later Susan Wood. In 1794, the Harpes abandoned their Indian habitation before Nickajack was destroyed in a raid by American militia. The Harpe brothers would later relocate to Powell's Valley, around Knoxville, Tennessee, where they stole food and supplies from local pioneers. They may have disguised their Tory past from their Patriot neighbors by changing their original name of "Harper", which was a common Loyalist surname in Revolutionary War-era North Carolina.


title: Harpe brothers

text: The whereabouts of the Harpes are unknown after the summer of 1795, but by the spring of 1797 they were apparently dwelling in a cabin on Beaver's Creek near Knoxville. On June 1, 1797, Wiley Harpe married Sarah Rice, which was recorded in the Knox County marriage records.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Sometime during 1797, the Harpes began a vicious crime spree through Tennessee, Kentucky, and Illinois. The Harpes later confessed to the killings of a confirmed thirty-nine people, but the estimated combined total, including unknown victims, may number more than fifty. What follows are the accounts of a few of the murders the two committed.


title: Harpe brothers

text: In 1797, while the Harpes were living near Knoxville, Tennessee, they were driven from the town after being charged with stealing hogs and horses. They were also accused of murdering a man named Johnson, whose body was found in a river, covered in urine and ripped open, with the chest cavity filled and weighted down with stones. This became a signature corpse-disposal method of the Harpes' serial killings. They reportedly butchered anyone at the slightest provocation. They even murdered babies.


title: Harpe brothers

text: From Knoxville, the Harpes fled north into Kentucky. They entered the state on the Wilderness Road near the Cumberland Gap. They are believed to have murdered a peddler named Peyton, taking his horse and some of his goods. In December, they murdered two travelers from Maryland. Next, a man named John Langford, who was traveling from Virginia to Kentucky, turned up dead and a local innkeeper pointed the authorities to the Harpes. The criminal pair was pursued, captured, and jailed in the state prison in Danville, Kentucky, but they managed to escape. When a posse was sent after them, the young son of a man who assisted the authorities was found dead and mutilated by the Harpes in retaliation.


title: Harpe brothers

text: On April 22, 1799, Kentucky Governor James Garrard placed a $300 reward on each of the Harpes' heads. Fleeing northward, the Harpes killed two men named Edmonton and Stump. When they were near the mouth of the Saline River in southern Illinois, they came upon three men encamped there and killed them. The pair then made their way to Cave-In-Rock, a natural cave on the bluffs above the Illinois bank of the Ohio River and a stronghold of the river pirate and criminal gang leader Samuel Mason. A posse had been aggressively pursuing them but stopped just short of the cave on the opposite shore in Kentucky.


title: Harpe brothers

text: With their wives and three children in tow, the Harpes holed up with the Samuel Mason Gang, who preyed on slow-moving flatboats making their way along the Ohio River. While the Mason Gang could be ruthless, even they were appalled at the actions of the Harpes. After the murderous pair began to make a habit of taking travelers to the top of the bluff, stripping them naked, and pushing them off, Samuel Mason forced the Harpe brothers to leave.


title: Harpe brothers

text: The Harpes then returned to eastern Tennessee, where they continued their vicious murder spree. They killed a farmer named Bradbury, a man named Hardin, and a boy named Coffey in July 1798. Soon more bodies were discovered, including those of William Ballard, who had been disemboweled and thrown in the Holston River; James Brassel, who had his throat viciously slashed and was discovered on Brassel's Knob; and John Tully. John Graves and his teenage son were found dead with their heads axed in south-central Kentucky. In Logan County, the Harpes killed a little girl, a young slave, and an entire family they found asleep in their camp.


title: Harpe brothers

text: In August 1799, a few miles northeast of Russellville, Kentucky, Big Harpe bashed his infant daughter's head against a tree because her constant crying annoyed him, the only crime for which he would later confess genuine remorse. That same month, a man named Trowbridge was found disemboweled in Highland Creek. When the Harpes were given shelter at the Stegall home in Webster County, the pair killed an overnight guest named Major William Love, as well as Mrs. Moses Stegall's four-month-old baby boy, whose throat was slit when he cried. When Mrs. Stegall screamed at the sight of her infant being killed, she was also murdered.


title: Harpe brothers

text: The second Governor of Kentucky, James Garrard, issued a government proclamation on April 22, 1799, in the name of the Commonwealth of Kentucky declaring a $300 reward for their apprehension and deliverance back to Danville, Kentucky for trial. Governor Garrard gave a description of the physical appearances of the Harpe brothers:


title: Harpe brothers

text: MICAJAH HARP alias ROBERTS is about six feet high-of robust make, and is about 30 or 32 years of age. He has an ill-looking, downcast countenance, and his hair is black and short, but comes very much down his forehead. He is built very straight and is full fleshed in the face. When he went away he had on a striped nankeen coat, dark blue woolen stockings,-leggins of drab cloth and trousers of the same as the coat.


title: Harpe brothers

text: WILEY HARP alias ROBERTS is very meagre in his face, has short black hair but not quite so curly as his brother's; he looks older, though really younger, and has likewise a downcast countenance. He had on a coat of the same stuff as his brother's, and had a surtout coat over the close-bodied one. His stockingsdark woolen ones, and his leggins of drab cloth.


title: Harpe brothers

text: The Harpe killings continued in July 1799 as the two fled west to avoid a new posse, organized by John Leiper, which included the avenging husband and father Moses Stegall. While the pair was preparing to kill another settler named George Smith, the posse finally tracked them down on August 24, 1799. The posse called for the Harpes to surrender; they attempted to flee. Micajah Harpe was shot in the leg and back by Leiper, who soon caught up with him and pulled him from his horse, subduing the outlaw with a tomahawk in a scuffle.


title: Harpe brothers

text: As he lay dying, Micajah Harpe confessed to twenty murders. While Harpe was still conscious, Moses Stegall slowly cut off the outlaw's head. Later, the head was spiked on a pole (some accounts claim a tree) at a crossroads near the Moses Stegall Cabin that is still known as "Harpe's Head" or "Harpe's Head Road" along a modern-day highway in Webster County, Kentucky.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Wiley Harpe successfully escaped the confrontation and rejoined the Mason Gang pirates at Cave-In-Rock. Four years later, Wiley Harpe might have been captured along with the rest of the gang but went unrecognized because he was using the alias of "John Setton" or "John Sutton". Both Harpe and Samuel Mason, the gang leader, escaped, but Mason was shot. Afterwards, Little Harpe and another gang member, Peter Alston (who went by the name "James May"), son of the counterfeiter Philip Alston, tried to claim the bounty on Samuel Mason, although it is unclear whether Mason died from the wounds sustained during the escape or whether Harpe killed him.


title: Harpe brothers

text: Regardless, as they presented Mason's head, a Kentuckian recognized Harpe and Alston as outlaws themselves and the two men were arrested. The two soon escaped but were quickly recaptured, tried, and sentenced to be hanged. In January 1804, Wiley Harpe and Peter Alston were executed by hanging. Their heads were cut off and placed high on stakes along the Natchez Trace as a warning to other outlaws.


title: Harpe brothers

text: According to Jon Musgrave, the Harpe women, after being freed from cohabitation with the brothers, led relatively respectable and normal lives. Upon the death of Micajah "Big" Harpe in Kentucky, the women were apprehended and taken to the Russellville, Kentucky state courthouse but later released. Sally Rice Harpe went back to Knoxville, Tennessee, to live in her father's house. For a time, Susan Wood and Maria Davidson (a.k.a. Betsey Roberts) lived in Russellville. Susan Wood remarried later, and died in Tennessee. Her daughter went to Texas.


title: Harpe brothers

text: On September 27, 1803, Betsey Roberts married John Huffstutler and the couple lived as tenants on Colonel Butlers Plantation. They moved to Hamilton County, Illinois in 1828, and had many children; the couple eventually died in the 1860s. In 1820, Sally Rice, who had remarried, traveled with her husband and father to their new home in Illinois via the Cave-In-Rock Ferry.


title: Harpe brothers

text: In the 1941 film "The Devil and Daniel Webster" (or "All That Money Can Buy"), Big and Little Harpe are part of the "jury of the damned" that Daniel Webster must convince in order to free an innocent Jabez Stone.


title: Harpe brothers

text: In the 1956 Walt Disney television series "Davy Crockett and the River Pirates", the Harpe brothers are portrayed by American actors Paul Newlan as Big Harpe and Frank Richards as Little Harpe.


title: Harpe brothers

text: The 1975 Broadway musical "The Robber Bridegroom" featured two characters (Big Harp and Little Harp) based on the Harpes. Big Harp is presented as a "cut off head" in a trunk, rescued by his brother when he was put to death for thieving. He's also the smarter of the two brothers.


title: Harpe brothers

text: The Harpe brothers were the inspiration for Big and Little Drum in Lois McMaster Bujold's 2008 novel "Passage", part of "The Sharing Knife" series. Wiley Harpe is also the subject of a song on Bob Frank and John Murry's 2006 album "World Without End".


title: Harpe brothers

text: In 2015, the Investigation Discovery television channel series "Evil Kin" aired an episode about the Harpe brothers called "Something Wicked in the Woods".


title: Harpe brothers

text: A short narrative of the Harpe brothers' lives appears in Selah Saterstrom's 2015 novel "Slab". Tiger, the novel's main character, grows up with her family near the Mississippi River on the land of Wiley Harpe's estate off the Natchez Trace where Wiley Harpe "would dismember the corpses and make arrangements from their parts, ornamenting the land around his humble plantation". Tiger's grandfather installs a tire swing on a tree, to which he also affixes "a historical plaque: LITTLE HARPE HANGED HERE".


title: Boo Seung-kwan

text: Boo Seung-kwan (; born January 16, 1998), better known mononymously as Seungkwan, is a South Korean singer and entertainer under Pledis Entertainment. He is a member of the South Korean boy group Seventeen and is a member of the Vocal Team subunit. He is also part of the special unit BSS alongside Hoshi and DK. Apart from his group's activities, Seungkwan is known as an entertainment figure for his active participation in Korean variety show such as "Unexpected Q", "Prison Life of Fools", and "Idol Dictation Contest".


title: Boo Seung-kwan

text: Boo was raised in Jeju-do, South Korea. Growing up he participated in children's songs festivals held at his school, where a teacher recorded him singing and posted it online. The video later led to Boo being cast at Pledis Entertainment in June 2012. Boo attended Seoul Broadcasting High School and graduated in 2016.


title: Boo Seung-kwan

text: Boo debuted as a member of the South Korean boy band, Seventeen with the extended play "17 Carat" on May 29, 2015. In 2018, Boo released the single "Kind of Love" for the soundtrack of the series "Mother". The song portrays a sorrowful love story with an acoustic sound. Boo joined alongside bandmates Hoshi and DK a subunit called BSS, or BooSeokSoon, a common nickname for the three members together. The group released their debut single "Just Do It" on March 21. That same year, Boo was cast in the talk show "Unexpected Q". He was awarded the "Rookie (Music and Talk)" award at the 2018 MBC Entertainment Awards.


title: Boo Seung-kwan

text: In 2019, Boo was cast in "Prison Life of Fools" and in the talk show "Five Cranky Brothers". On September 7, 2020, Boo released the single "Go" for the soundtrack of the series "Record of Youth". On January 29, 2021, Boo participated in the soundtrack for the series "Lovestruck in the City" with a song titled "The Reason". Boo was cast in the television show "Job Dongsan", alongside Kang Ho-dong and Super Junior's Eunhyuk, and in "Idol Dictation Contest". Later, he appeared on tvN's new badminton television show "Racket Boys", alongside Olympic champion Oh Sang-uk, Jang Sung-kyu, Yang Se-chan among others. In January 2022, Boo was awarded the "Male Idol Entertainer" award at the 2022 Korea First Brand Daesang.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: The Poisonwood Bible (1998), by Barbara Kingsolver, is a best-selling novel about a missionary family, the Prices, who in 1959 move from the U.S. state of Georgia to the village of Kilanga in the Belgian Congo, close to the Kwilu River.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: The novel's title refers to Bible errata. The father of the family creates his own "misprint" of the Bible. He concludes his sermons with the Kikongo expression "Tata Jesus is bängala" with the intent of saying "Jesus is most precious". In his hurried mispronunciation, he actually says "Jesus is poisonwood".


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: Orleanna Price, the mother of the family, narrates the introductory chapter in five of the novel's seven sections. The narrative then alternates among the four daughters, with a slight preference for the voice of the most outspoken one, Leah. The four girls increasingly mature and develop differently as each adapts to African village life and the political turmoil that overtakes the Belgian Congo in the 1960s.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: The Price family packs up their belongings for their flight to the Congo, where they are going to spend a year as the family of a missionary. However, shortly before leaving, they are informed that they are limited to 44 pounds of luggage per person. The Southern Baptist Mission League suggests they solve this problem by leaving for the airport wearing many layers of clothing, hiding household items among the layers of clothes to lighten their luggage. This is the first problem of many the Price family will face.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: The Price girls – Rachel, Leah, Adah and Ruth May – and their father, Nathan, attend their first church service in the village of Kilanga, and they realize how different their culture is from that of the Congo. For example, 14-year-old Leah helps her father plant a "demonstration garden"; it immediately receives criticism from Mama Tataba, whom the family has engaged as a live-in helper, and the garden does poorly due to the inappropriate climate. Nathan tries to hold an impromptu Easter celebration in hopes of baptizing numerous people, but he is not successful in baptizing even one, as the river along the village, where he plans to hold the baptism, is infested with crocodiles.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: Leah and her twin Adah begin to spy on Eeben Axelroot, the pilot who conveyed the family to Kilanga, and Nathan tries to convince Congolese men, one by one, to convert to Christianity. Meanwhile, five-year-old Ruth May befriends the village children. She finds out about Axelroot's business with the diamonds after breaking her arm.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: After Mama Tataba departs, an orphan boy named Nelson becomes the family servant. Nathan and Leah go to Leopoldville (present day Kinshasa) to witness what is going on with the independence in the Congo. Methuselah (a parrot the Prices adopted from the previous missionary) dies, and Adah finds his feathers. Ruth May becomes very sick and lies in bed for the majority of the day. Leah begins to spend a lot of time with Anatole, Kilanga's teacher, discussing topics such as justice and the Congo. Leah wants to participate in the hunt, which upsets the village elders, as it would go against their custom, but she eventually is allowed to participate and even hunts an antelope.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: The girls all gather together in the morning to check out the chicken coop. Inside they find footprints and a green mamba snake. A scream and gasp is heard from Ruth May, who has been bitten by the snake. The girls watch her turn cold and blue before she passes away. Orleanna becomes filled with guilt over Ruth May's death, and takes the other children away, leaving her arrogant husband to fend for himself. With Anatole's help, they eventually reach safety.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: The remaining Price sisters go through many different life changes: Adah dedicates herself to getting a scientific education back home (she is hemiplegic and wants to learn more about the condition); Leah marries Anatole and they start a family together; Rachel remains very self-centered, goes through a string of marriages, and starts a business; and Nathan dies in his unsuccessful mission.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: The story ends with a final chapter from Ruth May reflecting on her sisters and mother attempting to visit her grave, but not being able to find it, and a woman telling them a place named Kilanga never existed. She watches her sisters and her mother, and has seen how they have matured; she has matured as well. Through her death, she finally is able to understand the Congolese term "muntu", which describes the concept of unity and how all life is connected in some way. She understands that she is "muntu", and a part of all that is around her. Ruth May only wants her mother to understand the concept and for her to move on. She asks for her mother to forgive herself and not live with the guilt anymore.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: Writing in "The New York Times", Michiko Kakutani called the book "powerful", but said the social allegories were at times "heavy-handed".


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: John Mullan, reviewing the book in British newspaper "The Guardian", said the book was "remarkable not just for its story, but also for its narrative form".


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: "The Poisonwood Bible" was selected for Oprah's Book Club in 1999. Additionally that year, the book was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in fiction. It won the 2000 Boeke Prize.


title: The Poisonwood Bible

text: In March 2019, Bond Group Entertainment – a production company launched by actress Amy Adams and her manager Stacy O'Neil – secured a first-look deal with HBO to develop a TV adaptation of Kingsolver's novel. Adams and O’Neil will executive produce the limited series, while Anya Epstein and Kingsolver are writing the screenplay.


title: Lucy Gordon (actress)

text: Lucy Gordon (22 May 1980 – 20 May 2009) was an English actress and model. She became a face of CoverGirl in 1997 before starting an acting career. Her first film was "Perfume" in 2001 before going on to have small roles in "Spider-Man 3", "Serendipity" and "The Four Feathers". Gordon had played the actress and singer Jane Birkin in the film "", a biopic of singer-songwriter Serge Gainsbourg. Before the film was released, she hanged herself in her flat in Paris on 20 May 2009.


title: Lucy Gordon (actress)

text: Gordon was born in Oxford, to Richard and Susan Gordon in 1980; she had a younger sister, Kate. She went to Oxford High School where she passed nine GCSEs in 1997. She moved to Paris after living in New York for several years.


title: Lucy Gordon (actress)

text: While in the fourth form of Oxford High School she was noticed by a talent-spotter from a modelling agency as she and her mother visited a Clothes Show Live exhibition. She went on to appear as one of the faces of CoverGirl and soon after she moved into acting. She was signed to Select modelling agency in London and had appeared in the covers of Italian Glamour and Elle.


title: Lucy Gordon (actress)

text: Gordon made her film debut in the 2001 as the character Sarah in "Perfume". She appeared alongside Heath Ledger in the 2002 film "The Four Feathers". She appeared as the reporter Jennifer Dugan in the 2007 film "Spider-Man 3".


title: Lucy Gordon (actress)

text: Gordon played the actress and singer Jane Birkin in a film biopic of singer-songwriter Serge Gainsbourg. The film, entitled "Serge Gainsbourg, vie héroïque" was presented at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival and was released in early 2010. Gordon's father, Richard Gordon said that she had loved playing her latest role in this film about Gainsbourg. The director Joann Sfar and the producers of the film Marc du Pontavice and Didier Lupfer released a statement that the film "owes a lot to the generosity, gentleness and immense talent of Lucy Gordon."


title: Lucy Gordon (actress)

text: On 20 May 2009, Gordon was found hanging in the Paris flat she shared with cinematographer Jérôme Alméras, just two days short of her 29th birthday. A French police official said she appeared to have committed suicide by hanging. She left two suicide notes, one detailing her last wishes regarding her estate, the other a letter for her parents.


title: Accessory nail of the fifth toe

text: The accessory nail of the fifth toe, also known as petaloid toenail, is a physical trait of the small toe, where a minuscule "sixth toenail" is present in the outer corner of the nail situated on the smallest toe.


title: Accessory nail of the fifth toe

text: The trait can be observed on either one or both feet, where there is a separation of the toenail situated on the smallest toe. The separated part of the nail forms a smaller "sixth toenail" on the corner of the larger, or "main" section of the toenail, on the outermost side of the foot, which protrudes outwards from the corner of the larger nail. The additional "nail" can be cut with a nail clipper, just like any other nail.


title: Accessory nail of the fifth toe

text: Genome-wide scans indicate that it is a heritable trait. However, instead of following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance, it is likely to be a complex trait affected by multiple genes with minor genetic effects.


title: Accessory nail of the fifth toe

text: Many people do not request or seek out removal, as the accessory nail typically does not cause symptoms. Surgical or chemical matricectomy, or complete removal or destruction of the nail matrix, has been used for successful removal of the accessory toenail.


title: Accessory nail of the fifth toe

text: While it was thought to be a prevalent feature amongst Han Chinese, it is observed in people from all ethnicities and races.


title: Accessory nail of the fifth toe

text: Chinese mythology has it that during the time of the Yellow Emperor, there were two types of people living in China: those who were the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and those who were nomadic Qiang people. The Henan people, led by Yin Wang, attacked the Qiang and abducted a Qiang woman, who later tried to escape. Yin Wang stabbed her in the abdomen as she tried to escape, so she gave birth to two children with a scar on the small toe of the foot. The children were taken back by Yin Wang for adoption, and their descendants were born with double nails on their small toes.


title: Lanyard

text: A lanyard is a cord, length of webbing, or strap that may serve any of various functions, which include a means of attachment, restraint, retrieval, and activation and deactivation. A lanyard is also a piece of rigging used to secure or lower objects aboard a ship.


title: Lanyard

text: The earliest references to lanyards date from 15th century France: "lanière" was a thong or strap-on apparatus.


title: Lanyard

text: Bosun's pipe, marlinspike, and small knives typically had a lanyard consisting of a string loop tied together with a diamond knot. It helped secure against fall and gave an extended grip over a small handle.


title: Lanyard

text: In the French military, lanyards were used to connect a pistol, sword, or whistle (for signaling) to a uniform semi-permanently. Lanyards were used by mounted cavalry on land and naval officers at sea. A pistol lanyard can be easily removed and reattached by the user, but will stay connected to the pistol whether it is drawn or in a holster.


title: Lanyard

text: In the military, lanyards of various colour combinations and braid patterns are worn on the shoulders of uniforms to denote the wearer's qualification or regimental affiliation. In horse regiments, lanyards were worn on the left, enabling a rider to pull a whistle from the left tunic pocket and maintain communication with his troop. Members of the British Royal Artillery wear a lanyard which originally held a key for adjusting the fuzes of explosive shells.


title: Lanyard

text: The style, design or material used will vary depending on end-purpose of the lanyard. Lanyard materials include polyester, nylon, satin, silk, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), braided leather or braided paracord.


title: Lanyard

text: Lanyards are widely used with small electronic devices such as cameras, MP3 players and USB flash drives to prevent loss or dropping. Electronics designed to take a lanyard usually have a small through-hole built into a corner or edge of the case or anchored to the frame of the device; the corresponding lanyard generally has a loop of thread on the end that is attached to that hole with a simple knot, usually a cow hitch. Some earphones incorporate the audio signal into the lanyard, meaning it doubles up as headphone cords as well. The Wii Remote wrist strap is a form of lanyard, keeping the device attached to a player's arm during the often vigorous movements involved in its use.


title: Lanyard

text: Lanyards are commonly used to display badges, tickets or ID cards for identification where security is required, such as businesses, corporations, hospitals, prisons, conventions, trade fairs, and backstage passes used in the entertainment industry. Such lanyards are often made of braided or woven fabric or split with a clip attached to the end. A plastic pouch or badge holder with at least one clear side is attached to the lanyard with the person's name badge or ID card. Occasionally, small items like business cards, pens or tools can be placed behind the badge for easy access. Lanyards can also be used as keychains, particularly in situations where keys can easily be lost, such as gyms, public pools and communal showers.


title: Lanyard

text: In these cases, lanyards may be customised with the related name and/or logo of the event, business, or organisation. Lanyards can feature a variety of customisation techniques including screen-printing, Jacquard loom weaving, heat transfer, and offset printing.


title: Lanyard

text: Lanyards are also often attached to dead man's switches or "kill switches" on dangerous machinery, such as large industrial cutting or slicing machines; on vehicles, such as jet-skis or trains; and on exercise treadmills, so that if the operator suddenly becomes incapacitated, their fall will pull on the lanyard attached to their wrist, which will then pull the switch to immediately stop the machine or vehicle.


title: Lanyard

text: Some law enforcement officers and members of the military utilise specialised lanyards to keep sidearms from falling to the ground during missions.


title: Lanyard

text: Many ID card lanyards have a built-in feature known as a "breakaway" closure. Breakaway lanyards release when pulled or when pressure is applied. This prevents choking or hanging. Lanyards with a breakaway feature are most often used in hospitals and healthcare clinics, schools, nursing homes, child care facilities, or factories that require employees to operate machinery.


title: Lanyard

text: Lineman lanyards are used by lineman utility and other workers to prevent falls, although similar straps are also used recreationally by mountain climbers. This type of lanyard will have a section of heavy-duty nylon strapping attached to a metal ring or carabiner which tightens around an attachment point. The strap may be a fixed length or adjustable, and will attach to the wearer to support them against a fixed object or pole.


title: Lanyard

text: Certain lanyards are still worn on uniforms as decorations similar to an aiguillette or fourragère. Among these are the Orange Lanyard in the Military William Order of the Netherlands and the German Armed Forces Badge of Marksmanship.


title: Lanyard

text: A white lanyard has formed part of the uniform of Britain's Royal Artillery (RA) since the end of the 19th century. Originally a simple cord carrying a fuse key, the braided and whitened lanyard became the recognised distinction of a Gunner. The distinction was extended to women of the Auxiliary Territorial Service attached to RA units during World War II. Certain battalions descended from the Durham Light Infantry wore green lanyards to denote their past links with the regiment, whose uniform had a dark green Facing colour from 1903 onwards.


title: Lanyard

text: Royal Naval Rating wear a white lanyard when dressed in No 1 uniform, the origin of the lanyard was to carry a pouch of gunpowder for the cannon.


title: Mask Off

text: "Mask Off" is a song by American rapper Future for his eponymous fifth studio album "Future" (2017). The track was later released as the second single after initially charting as an album track and receiving more popularity than the lead single "Draco". It was Future's highest-charting single as a lead artist, peaking at number five on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, until the releases of Drake's "Way 2 Sexy" (2021) on which he is featured and his own "Wait For U" (2022) which features Drake and Tems debuted and peaked at number 1 in September 2021 and May 2022 respectively.


title: Mask Off

text: Composed in D minor, the song samples "Prison Song" by Carlton Williams, released in 1978 as part of his musical "Selma". In this track, Future opens up about drug use and addiction problems (Percocets / Molly Percocets). It also tells a story that explores the surface of Future's past, from trapping to living a life of luxury.


title: Mask Off

text: "Mask Off" peaked at number five on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 for the week of May 6, 2017, becoming his first top-five charting single on that chart. It also peaked in the top 10 in New Zealand, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Canada and France, where it charted the highest at number two. It has since been certified eight times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for combined sales and streaming equivalent units of over eight million units in the United States.


title: Mask Off

text: The music video for "Mask Off" was released on May 5, 2017. It was directed by Colin Tilley. It features appearances from Amber Rose and DJ Esco.


title: Mask Off

text: The official remix features a guest appearance from American rapper Kendrick Lamar and was mixed by engineer Alex Tumay, released on May 23, 2017. Its release follows the performance of "Mask Off" by Future alongside Kendrick Lamar at the 2017 Coachella Festival. Lamar has performed live covers of "Mask Off" at every show on the Damn Tour since the release of the remix.


title: Mask Off

text: Fellow rapper Joyner Lucas has released his own remix onto SoundCloud and YouTube. On the remix, he sent shots at rappers Logic and Lil Yachty.


title: Mask Off

text: On June 16, 2017, a remix produced by Marshmello was released. Marshmello's fans have deemed the remix ironic as the DJ is known for masking his identity behind a marshmallow-inspired helmet.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (; ; – ) was a Russian polymath, scientist and writer, who made important contributions to literature, education, and science. Among his discoveries were the atmosphere of Venus and the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions. His spheres of science were natural science, chemistry, physics, mineralogy, history, art, philology, optical devices and others. The founder of modern geology, Lomonosov was also a poet and influenced the formation of the modern Russian literary language.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov was born in the village of Mishaninskaya (later renamed Lomonosovo in his honor) in Archangelgorod Governorate, on an island not far from Kholmogory, in the far north of Russia. His father, Vasily Dorofeyevich Lomonosov, was a prosperous peasant fisherman turned ship owner, who amassed a small fortune transporting goods from Arkhangelsk to Pustozyorsk, Solovki, Kola, and Lapland. Lomonosov's mother was Vasily's first wife, a deacon's daughter, Elena Ivanovna Sivkova.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: He remained at Denisovka until he was ten, when his father decided that he was old enough to participate in his business ventures, and Lomonosov began accompanying Vasily on trading missions.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Learning was young Lomonosov's passion, however, not business. The boy's thirst for knowledge was insatiable. Lomonosov had been taught to read as a boy by his neighbor Ivan Shubny, and he spent every spare moment with his books. He continued his studies with the village deacon, S.N. Sabelnikov, but for many years the only books he had access to were religious texts. When he was fourteen, Lomonosov was given copies of Meletius Smotrytsky's "Modern Church Slavonic" (a grammar book) and Leonty Magnitsky's "Arithmetic". Lomonosov was a Russian orthodox all his life, but had close encounters with Old Believers schism in early youth and later in life he became a deist.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1724, his father married for the third and final time. Lomonosov and his stepmother Irina had an acrimonious relationship. Unhappy at home and intent on obtaining a higher education, which Lomonosov could not receive in Mishaninskaya, he was determined to leave the village.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Determined to "study sciences", in 1730, aged nineteen, Lomonosov walked all the way to Moscow. Shortly after arrival, he was admitted into the Slavic Greek Latin Academy by falsely claiming to be a son of a Kholmogory nobleman. In 1734 that initial falsehood, as well as another lie that he was the son of a priest, nearly got him expelled from the academy but the investigation ended without severe consequences.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov lived on three kopecks a day, eating only black bread and kvass, but he made rapid progress scholastically. It is believed that in 1735, after three years in Moscow he was sent to Kiev to study for short period at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. He quickly became dissatisfied with the education he was receiving there, and returned to Moscow to resume his studies there. In five years Lomonosov completed a twelve-year study course and in 1736, among 12 best graduates, was awarded a scholarship at the St. Petersburg Academy. He plunged into his studies and was rewarded with a four-year grant to study abroad, in Germany, first at the University of Marburg and then in Freiberg.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: The University of Marburg was among Europe's most important universities in the mid-18th century due to the presence of the philosopher Christian Wolff, a prominent figure of the German Enlightenment. Lomonosov became one of Wolff's students while at Marburg from November 1736 to July 1739. Both philosophically and as a science administrator, this connection would be the most influential of Lomonosov's life. In 1739–1740 he studied mineralogy, metallurgy, and mining at Bergrat Johann Friedrich Henckel's laboratory in Freiberg, Saxony; there he intensified his studies of German literature.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov quickly mastered the German language, and in addition to philosophy, seriously studied chemistry, discovered the works of 17th century Irish theologian and natural philosopher Robert Boyle, and even began writing poetry. He also developed an interest in German literature. He is said to have especially admired Günther. His "Ode on the Taking of Khotin from the Turks", composed in 1739, attracted a great deal of attention in Saint Petersburg. Contrary to his adoration for Wolff, Lomonosov had fierce disputes with Henckel over the training and education courses he and his two compatriot students were getting in Freiberg, as well as over very limited financial support which Henckel was instructed to provide to the Russians after numerous debts they had accumulated in Marburg. As the result, Lomonosov left Freiberg without permission and wandered for quite a while over Germany and Holland, unsuccessfully trying to obtain permission from Russian envoys to return to the St. Petersburg Academy.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: During his residence in Marburg, Lomonosov boarded with Catharina Zilch, a brewer's widow. He fell in love with Catharina's daughter Elizabeth Christine Zilch. They were married in June 1740. Lomonosov found it extremely difficult to maintain his growing family on the scanty and irregular allowance granted him by the Russian Academy of Sciences. As his circumstances became desperate, he got permission to return to Saint Petersburg.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov returned to Russia in June 1741, after being abroad 4 years and 8 months. A year later he was named an Adjunct of the Russian Academy of Science in the physics department. In May 1743, Lomonosov was accused, arrested, and held under house arrest for eight months, after he supposedly insulted various people associated with the Academy. He was released and pardoned in January 1744 after apologising to all involved.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov was made a full member of the Academy, and named Professor of chemistry, in 1745. He established the Academy's first chemistry laboratory. Eager to improve Russia's educational system, in 1755, Lomonosov joined his patron Count Ivan Shuvalov in founding Moscow University.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1760, he was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1764, he was elected Foreign Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna In 1764, Lomonosov was appointed to the position of the State Councillor which was of Rank V in the Russian Empire's Table of Ranks. He died on 4 April (o.s.), 1765 in Saint Petersburg. He is widely and deservingly regarded as the "Father of Russian Science", though many of his scientific accomplishments were relatively unknown outside Russia until long after his death and gained proper appreciation only in late 19th and, especially, 20th centuries.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1756, Lomonosov tried to replicate Robert Boyle's experiment of 1673. He concluded that the commonly accepted phlogiston theory was false. Anticipating the discoveries of Antoine Lavoisier, he wrote in his diary: "Today I made an experiment in hermetic glass vessels in order to determine whether the mass of metals increases from the action of pure heat. The experiments – of which I append the record in 13 pages – demonstrated that the famous Robert Boyle was deluded, for without access of air from outside the mass of the burnt metal remains the same".


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: That is the Law of Mass Conservation in chemical reaction, which is well-known today as "in a chemical reaction, the mass of reactants is equal to the mass of the products." Lomonosov, together with Lavoisier, is regarded as the one who discovered the law of mass conservation.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: He stated that all matter is composed of corpuscles – molecules that are "collections" of elements – atoms. In his dissertation "Elements of Mathematical Chemistry" (1741, unfinished), the scientist gives the following definition: "An element is a part of a body that does not consist of any other smaller and different bodies ... corpuscle is a collection of elements forming one small mass." In a later study (1748), he uses the term "atom" instead of "element", and "particula" (particle) or "molecule" instead of "corpuscle".


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: He regarded heat as a form of motion, suggested the wave theory of light, contributed to the formulation of the kinetic theory of gases, and stated the idea of conservation of matter in the following words: "All changes in nature are such that inasmuch is taken from one object insomuch is added to another. So, if the amount of matter decreases in one place, it increases elsewhere. This universal law of nature embraces laws of motion as well, for an object moving others by its own force in fact imparts to another object the force it loses" (first articulated in a letter to Leonhard Euler dated 5 July 1748, rephrased and published in Lomonosov's dissertation "Reflexion on the solidity and fluidity of bodies", 1760).


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov was the first to discover and appreciate the atmosphere of Venus during his observation of the transit of Venus of 1761 in a small observatory near his house in St Petersburg.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: On the 5th and 6th of June 2012, a group of astronomers carried out an experimental reconstruction of Lomonosov's discovery of the Venusian atmosphere with antique refractors during the transit of Venus. They concluded that Lomonosov's telescope was fully adequate to the task of detecting the arc of light around Venus off the Sun's disc during ingress or egress if proper experimental techniques as described by Lomonosov in his 1761 paper were employed.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1762, Lomonosov presented an improved design of a reflecting telescope to the Russian Academy of Sciences forum. His telescope had its primary mirror adjusted at an angle of four degrees to the telescope's axis. This made the image focus at the side of the telescope tube, where the observer could view the image with an eyepiece without blocking the image. However, this invention was not published until 1827, so this type of telescope has become associated with a similar design by William Herschel, the Herschelian telescope.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1759, with his collaborator, academician Joseph Adam Braun, Lomonosov was the first person to record the freezing of mercury and to carry out initial experiments with it. Believing that nature is subject to regular and continuous evolution, he demonstrated the organic origin of soil, peat, coal, petroleum and amber. In 1745, he published a catalogue of over 3,000 minerals, and in 1760, he explained the formation of icebergs.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1763, he published "On The Strata of the Earth" – his most significant geological work. This work puts him before James Hutton, who has been traditionally regarded as the founder of modern geology. Lomonosov based his conceptions on the unity of the Earth's processes in time, and necessity to explain the planet's past from present.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov's observation of iceberg formation led into his pioneering work in geography. Lomonosov got close to the theory of continental drift, theoretically predicted the existence of Antarctica (he argued that icebergs of the South Ocean could be formed only on a dry land covered with ice), and invented sea tools which made writing and calculating directions and distances easier. In 1764, he organized an expedition (led by Admiral Vasili Chichagov) to find the Northeast Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by sailing along the northern coast of Siberia.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov was proud to restore the ancient art of mosaics. In 1754, in his letter to Leonhard Euler, he wrote that his three years of experiments on the effects of chemistry of minerals on their colour led to his deep involvement in the mosaic art. In 1763, he set up a glass factory that produced the first stained glass mosaics outside of Italy. There were forty mosaics attributed to Lomonosov, with only twenty-four surviving to the present day. Among the best is the portrait of Peter the Great and the "Battle of Poltava", measuring .


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1755 Lomonosov wrote a grammar that reformed the Russian literary language by combining Old Church Slavonic with the vernacular tongue. To further his literary theories, he wrote more than 20 solemn ceremonial odes, notably the "Evening Meditation on God's Grandeur". He applied an idiosyncratic theory to his later poems – tender subjects needed words containing the front vowel sounds E, I, Y and U, whereas things that may cause fear (like "anger", "envy", "pain" and "sorrow") needed words with back vowel sounds O, U and Y. That was a version of what is now called sound symbolism.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: In 1760 Lomonosov published a History of Russia. In addition, he attempted to write a grand epic about Peter the Great, to be based on the "Aeneid" by Vergil, but he died before he could finish it.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: His granddaughter Sophia Konstantinova (1769–1844) married Russian military hero and statesman General Nikolay Raevsky. His great-granddaughter was Princess Maria (Raevskaya) Volkonskaya, the wife of the Decembrist Prince Sergei Volkonsky.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: The city of Lomonosov, Russia (former Oranienbaum, Russia from 1710 to 1948), and a lunar crater bear his name, as does a crater on Mars and the asteroid 1379 Lomonosowa. A Russian satellite launched in 2016 was named Mikhailo Lomonosov after him. The Imperial Porcelain Factory, Saint Petersburg was renamed after him from 1925 to 2005. In 1948, the underwater Lomonosov Ridge in the Arctic Ocean was named in his honor.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosov Bridge in Saint Petersburg was named after the polymath. Originally called Chernyshev Bridge in honour of Count Grigory Chernyshev, one of Peter the Great's most prominent generals, whose estates were located nearby, the bridge was erected in 1785-87 and replaced a wooden bridge which had previously stood at the site. It was one of seven stone moveable bridges of similar design crossing the Fontanka River, built simultaneously with the river's granite embankments. Only Lomonosov Bridge and Staro-Kalinkin Bridge have survived more or less intact.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: The Lomonosov Gold Medal was established in 1959 and is awarded annually by the Russian Academy of Sciences to a Russian and a foreign scientist.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Lomonosovskaya Station on the Nevsko-Vasileostrovskaya Line of the Saint Petersburg Metro is named after him. It was opened in 1970.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: The street "Lomonosova iela" in the Maskavas Forštate district of Riga is named in honor of Lomonosov. During the Soviet era a main street in Tallinn, Estonia, was named in his honor as "Lomonossovi M.", but from 1991 it was renamed Gonsiori after Jakob Johann Gonsior, a 19th-century alderman and lawyer.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: A great number of different stamps was issued in honor of Lomonosov throughout the years: Mikhail Lomonosov and building of the Academy in Leningrad stamp of 1925, stamps depicting Lomonosov issued in 1949, in


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: 1961, a 275th Birth Anniversary of M.V.Lomonosov stamp of 1986, a History of Russia (Ekaterina II) stamp depicting Lomonosov and his study room talking to the queen that was issued in 2004, three 300th Anniversary of the Birth of M.V.Lomonosov stamps were issued in 2011.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: The "Akademik Lomonosov", the first of a series of Russian floating nuclear power stations, is named for him. It started operation on 19 December 2019.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: Moscow State University, founded by him in 1755, was renamed "M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University " in 1940, while celebrating its 185th anniversary. There are also Moscow Institute of Mechanics and Electrical Engineering M.V. Lomonosov (Lomonosov Institute), Lomonosov Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrography, USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow, Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Odessa Technological Institute of Food Industry n.a. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies n.a. M.V. Lomonosov, and several other school in Russia and Kazakhstan.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: On 19 November 1986, on the 275th anniversary of the birth of M.V. Lomonosov, the USSR State Bank issued a 1 ruble commemorative coin from a copper-nickel alloy.


title: Mikhail Lomonosov

text: On 6 December 2022 the City Council of the Ukrainian city Dnipro decided to remove from the city all monuments to figures of Russian culture and history, in particular it was mentioned that the monuments to Lomonosov, Alexander Pushkin and Maxim Gorky would be removed from the public space of the city.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: "Finale" is the series finale of the American sitcom "Modern Family". It aired in two parts, both on April 8, 2020 on ABC. The first part was written by Steven Levitan, Abraham Higginbotham, Jon Pollack, Ryan Walls, Jeffrey Richman, Morgan Murphy, and Stephen Lloyd, and directed by Steven Levitan. The second part was written by Christopher Lloyd, Jack Burditt, Elaine Ko, Danny Zuker, Vali Chandrasekaran, Brad Walsh, and Paul Corrigan, and directed by Gail Mancuso.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: With Haley (Sarah Hyland), Dylan (Reid Ewing) and the twins still living at the Dunphys’, Alex (Ariel Winter) having moved back in after quitting her job, and Luke (Nolan Gould) still there after not going to college, the house is overstuffed. Claire (Julie Bowen) and Phil (Ty Burrell), uneasy with the number of people now living in the Dunphy household, have moved into Phil's recently deceased father Frank's (Fred Willard) RV parked in the driveway. After they are caught out, they host an intervention with Haley, Alex, Luke and Dylan, stating that someone needs to move out as the house is too crowded. The kids are offended, but even as Luke pleads to Phil's emotional side using their close friendship as a pawn, Claire asserts their position. They tell them they have 24 hours to decide, and leave for Mitch and Cam's housewarming party.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: Mitch (Jesse Tyler Ferguson) and Cam (Eric Stonestreet), now settled into their new house with their new baby Rexford, are hosting a housewarming party. Ronaldo (Christian Barillas) arrives to set up, but as Mitch shows him around, Cam receives a call, informing him that the coaching job he was rejected for in Missouri is now open again, giving him a dilemma. He tells Ronaldo that he is not taking it, as Mitch is too happy in their new house, and says he will keep it to himself. However, Ronaldo spills the secret and Mitch finds out. Mitch firstly reacts positively in front of everyone, but then he walks away and swears to Claire about the situation.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: Gloria (Sofía Vergara) is preparing to say goodbye to Manny (Rico Rodriguez) as he is leaving to travel the world, and she and Joe (Jeremy Maguire) go to Colombia for the summer. Jay (Ed O’Neill) has bought a hideous housewarming gift for Mitch and Cam and organized Joe's haircut, leaving Gloria feeling left out and not needed. As Manny prepares to leave, she feels she is not the go-to person in the house that she once was now that she works as a realtor. As they arrive at Mitch and Cam's party, she says she hates the gift and misses Joe's old hair.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: Phil and Claire return from the party emotional that Mitchell will probably be leaving for Missouri and decide they no longer want to sleep in the RV. They agree that they love their crazy household and will tell the kids they can stay. However, when they enter the house, Haley and Dylan inform them they have found a place to live, which is cheap because they know the owner. Next, Alex, who earlier met with her new co-worker Arvin (Chris Geere) and shared a kiss, tells them that they are moving to Switzerland together for work. Then, Luke arrives, telling Phil and Claire that he has been accepted to the University of Oregon and will also be moving out. Upset at this news, Claire emotionally says ‘I'm going to miss this’ to Phil, to which he replies, ‘Me too’.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: Later, in the karaoke room, Cam apologizes and Mitch says that he will leave for Missouri, and they inform Lily (Aubrey Anderson-Emmons) before singing a duet of "Endless Love" by Diana Ross and Lionel Richie.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: Gloria confesses to Jay that she feels guilty about working and like she is no longer needed, to which Jay tells her she should not because he never did, and that she will always be needed by him, Joe and Manny. She is comforted by this.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: The next day, the family gather to send Mitchell and Cam off, with Jay saying he is upset as ‘both [his] sons are leaving’. As the family hug goodbye, they are informed that Mitch and Cam's flight is delayed. Dylan then arrives at the door. He is excited because he thinks the family remembered his birthday. Unenthusiastically, the family says "Surprise!"


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: As Mitch and Cam's flight is delayed further, the family agree to meet later to say a proper goodbye. During this waiting period, Mitchell and Claire retrieve their old skating trophy and share a sibling moment, dancing to "Hungry Like the Wolf", their skating song. Also, Phil misunderstands Jay as Jay attempts to learn Spanish, and as Jay asks for a spoon, Phil attempts to spoon him and they share one last embarrassing moment. Gloria and Cam share an emotional goodbye as he recites a poem to her, which she is not as upset by as he expected. Alex and Haley play one final prank on Luke, then share a heartwarming moment where they agree to always be there for each other as siblings. Joe humorously prepares Manny for his travels. Jay informs Gloria he is coming with her to Colombia and is learning Spanish. Luke and Manny share a final cousin/uncle love moment. Claire and Phil get emotional about the kids leaving and Phil tells her that they have to ‘leave the porch light on’ to ensure that they will always come back. They agree they will go on an RV road trip now that the kids have gone.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: The family gather to finally say goodbye. They take a group selfie, hug, and then cannot let go. Phil tries to set an example and be the first to pull away, but immediately rushes back, claiming ‘It was awful’. The family cries as Haley explains how it is Mitch and Cam now, but eventually everyone will be separated. Jay says it is hard to say goodbye as ‘not everyone gets to have what [they] have’.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: As Jay's speech plays over the end of the episode, it is shown that Haley and Dylan have moved into Mitch and Cam's old apartment. A montage is then played of mirrored images and references to the first episode, with Mitch and Cam on the plane eating cream puffs with their kids, Phil and Claire working on the calendar for their RV trip like they did to ‘shoot Luke’ in the pilot, and Jay and Gloria watching Joe play football like they did Manny, but this time neither of them can get out of their chairs to stand up. As Jay's speech ends the episode, saying that the comfort of your family is important and that ‘that's what helps [him] sleep at night’, the lights turn off in each respective house, but at the Dunphys’, the porch light is left on, signifying the family will always return.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: In the ending credits, emotional music is heard as the camera pans through various photos of the 3 different families over the years. In the final shot, the camera focuses on the family portrait from the season one finale of all three families laughing together.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: On March 26, 2020, it was confirmed that Elizabeth Banks would return as Sal and that Chris Geere would return as Arvin. It was also confirmed that Christian Barillas, Matthew Risch, Rory O'Malley, Rodrigo Rojas, and Charlie Trainer would appear as Ronaldo, Jotham, Ptolemy, Stefan, and Charlie, respectively.


title: Finale (Modern Family)

text: Many articles were published at the time of the show's ending citing it as the final version of the typical American sitcom of the 1980s to 2010s period, such as "Cheers", "Friends", and "The Office". "The Telegraph" posted an article saying, "This isn't just the end of Modern Family – it's the end of the sitcom as we know it."