title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: He was an acclaimed Earl of Leicester in the 2005–06 Donmar Warehouse production of Schiller's "Mary Stuart", which transferred to the West End. He had previously played the same character in the 1986 film "Lady Jane". From December 2008 to March 2009 he appeared as Andrew Aguecheek (alongside Derek Jacobi) in the Donmar: West End production of "Twelfth Night". In April and May 2009 he appeared in "Hay Fever" at the Chichester Festival Theatre.


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In 1987, Henry appeared in the episode "Rumpole and the Official Secret" from Season 4 of "Rumpole of the Bailey". In the early 1990s, he played the acerbic, demonic Dr Walpurgis in "The Vault of Horror", a BBC Halloween special. His make-up was provided by "Hellraiser" veteran Geoff Portass. Henry also introduced a few series of cult horror films in several BBC One Friday night horror seasons (with a name change to "Dr Terror"), with scripted introductions written by horror novelist and film historian Kim Newman. He appeared in the 1996 schools series "Look and Read: Spywatch", and in ITV's 1996 adaptation of "Emma". In 1998 he appeared in the medical soap opera "Peak Practice", and in two episodes of "The Grand".


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: He has also frequently been cast as a conspiratorial and/or Machiavellian civil servant, as in "Fields of Gold" (2002) and "Foyle's War" (in a 2003 episode). He played the title role in Channel 4's 2004 documentary "Who Killed Thomas Becket?" (a "promotion" from his role as Tempter in the RSC "Murder in the Cathedral", T. S. Eliot's version of the same story); and was a deportment tutor and a shoemaker respectively in the BBC's adaptation of "The Young Visiters" (2003) and "Sherlock Holmes and the Case of the Silk Stocking" (Christmas 2004). He played the part of Corporal Ludovic in the C4 presentation of Evelyn Waugh's "Sword of Honour" trilogy (2001) alongside the then relatively unknown Daniel Craig.


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In 2005 he appeared in the feature-length ITV drama "Colditz" and had a recurring role in "Extras", which continued into a few episodes of the comedy's second season. He also had a small role in the ITV drama, "Trial & Retribution IX: The Lovers". His main role that year, however, was as Cassius (fictionalised version of Gaius Longinus Cassius) in the last two or three episodes of the first series of HBO/BBC series "Rome". He reprised this role in the second series (broadcast 2007) until the character's death at the Battle of Philippi in the episode "Philippi". His friend Sarah Kennedy (see #Radio) commented that this was a natural progression for one with his "lean and hungry look" (Shakespeare, "Julius Caesar", 2.I).


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In 2006, he played a lawyer in "Midsomer Murders", appeared with Michael Sheen in "" (as Hugh Paddick), and featured in the first, fifth and sixth episodes of the first series of "The Chase" (in another role he reprised in 2007). In 2007 he appeared as the UK's UN Ambassador in "The Trial of Tony Blair" and appeared in the seventh episode of the second series of "Hotel Babylon". Also in 2007 he appeared on radio as Noël Coward in the "Afternoon Play" of 4 May 2007, "The Master and Mrs Tucker" by Roy Apps, which told of Coward's friendship with Edith Nesbit (played by Ann Bell).


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In 2008, he appeared in HBO's "John Adams" as Jonathan Sewall, Massachusetts's Attorney General, as Mr Collins in "Lost in Austen", and in Series 7, Episode 4 of "Spooks".


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In 2009 he appeared in "Margaret" and in "Lewis" (Series 4, Episode 1). Also in 2009 he appeared in several episodes of Ricky Gervais' BBC comedy "Extras" as the commissioning editor of BBC Comedy.


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In October 2010 he joined the regular cast of "Holby City" as surgeon Henrik Hanssen, a role he played for three years until his departure in October 2013. In October 2014, it was announced that he would rejoin the cast of "Holby City".


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In January 2015, he appeared as hypnotist Arthur Welkin in the BBC series "Father Brown" episode 3.3 "The Invisible Man".


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In November 2017, he appeared as the Dean of Westminster in the second season of the Rainmark Films series "The Frankenstein Chronicles".


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: Henry's film credits include appearances in "Another Country" with Rupert Everett, "Lady Jane", "England, My England" film by Tony Palmer, in Stephen Fry's 2003 film "Bright Young Things" (appearing in the for it, top left) as Archie Schwert, in "V for Vendetta" as Conrad Heyer, in "Starter for 10" as a university professor, in "Expresso", in Vincente Amorim's 2008 film "Good" as a senior doctor in Nazi Germany and as Pius Thicknesse in "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1" and "Part 2".


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: In 2016, Henry appeared in "Rogue One: A Star Wars Story", providing the physical and vocal performance for Grand Moff Tarkin; the use of CGI special effects recreated the likeness of Peter Cushing, who died in 1994, for the character.


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: From around 2004 until the end of her show in 2010, Guy Henry gained an additional fanbase as a result of his friendship with the Radio 2 presenter Sarah Kennedy, who began by corresponding with his father. Through letters to Sarah from Henry himself, his father and "the Lady Agrippa" (a nickname for his mother), listeners were kept up to date on his career. A recording of his voice announced her regular "It's Showtime!" slot of tunes from the musicals at about 6.45am GMT – originally he , and a whole repertoire of different recordings was later added. He also occasionally appeared live on her show, and co-hosted with her as part of the annual charity appeal Children in Need.


title: Guy Henry (actor)

text: Henry was a guest speaker at an NEH (National Endowment for the Humanities) summer seminar entitled "Shakespeare: Enacting the Text". (5 July to 6 August 1999).


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Audi S and RS models are a range of high performance versions of certain car models of the German automotive company Audi AG. These cars primarily focus on enhanced "sport" performance. Production of Audi "S" cars began in 1990 with the S2 Coupé, whilst the first "RS" car appeared four years later with the Audi RS 2 Avant.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Today's S and RS models are based on the A/TT/Q models with the same number (e.g. S4/RS 4 is based on the A4 or the TT RS based on the TT), but the "Ur-S4" from 1991 to 1994 was based on the Audi 100/200 later named A6 and the first S2/RS2 generation from 1990 to 1995 was based on the Audi 80/90 platform later replaced by the A4.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: The history of road versions of Audi racing cars begins in the 1980s, from models Audi Quattro and Audi Sport Quattro made by concern Audi AG in the city of Ingolstadt. In 1983, the company Quattro GmbH was founded (since November 2016, "Audi Sport GmbH") in the city of Neckarsulm responsible for the development of sports models of cars of Audi brand. In 1990, appeared based on the model Audi 80 sports model S2 as a receiver Audi Quattro but already under the designation of the series "S" in the name and having a capacity of 220 hp. And in 1994 there was even more powerful model Audi RS2 Avant based on Audi 80 model of joint development of Audi and Porsche having 315 hp. The model was equipped with components from Porsche. As in 1973, Audi, together with Porsche, also developed a prototype based on the Audi 100 Coupé S, produced in 1968, which has 112 hp. the "Grand tourer" class. which received the name 100 Coupé S V3 and was equipped with a V8 engine with a power of 350 hp.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Since 1994, the development of the Audi S and RS sports series was started directly from the Quattro.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Numerous "S" models, from most of Audi's mainstream model ranges have been produced over the years. These cars are recognisable by their "S" badges, and unique emphasis lines on their front grills and on the back side, instead of the letter "A" in the designation of numbers and also in use in the notation "S3", "TTS" and "SQ5".


title: Audi S and RS models

text: All Audi "S" models are equipped with Audi's 'trademark' quattro four-wheel drive system as standard. Unique internal combustion engines, along with larger, more powerful brakes, stiffer suspension systems, additional exterior body styling, and carbon fibre interior trims set them apart from their related "siblings" of their respective model range.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: In the past, some Audi S models competed directly with BMW M and Mercedes-AMG models, especially if Audi RS models are not offered, such as the B6 Audi S4 4.2 FSI versus the BMW M3 and Mercedes-Benz C32 AMG. Since 2010 however, Audi S models have been positioned more as optional engine trims. For instance the base Audi A4 (B8) engine is the 2.0 TFSI turbo four-cylinder, and with the discontinuation of the 3.2 FSI V6, that makes the Audi S4's 3.0 TFSI V6 the performance option (the B8 Audi S4 3.0 TFSI positioned closer to the E90 BMW 335i than the BMW M3). The Audi "A6" (C7) no longer has a V8 engine upgrade in the non "S" range, with the discontinuation of the C6 Audi A6 4.2 FSI that was offered from 2004 – 2011, one must go to the C7 Audi S6 4.0 TFSI.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Audi "S" models should not be confused with the Audi "A, Q, TT" series, equipped with a package ""S" line" models, which feature leather trim, S-line badging, sports steering wheel and sports suspension, but they are not equipped with a high-power engine.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Audi Sport GmbH (formerly quattro GmbH), AUDI AGs high performance private subsidiary, creates even higher performance versions, known by their ""RS"" badging. The "RS" initials are taken from the — literally translated as "racing sport". The characteristics and cost of these cars are equated to cars belonging to the supercar class.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: RS is Audi's highest performance 'top-tier' trim level, positioned distinctly above the "S" ("Sport") specification level of Audi's regular model range. All "RS" cars pioneer some of Audi's latest and most advanced technology and engineering prowess, therefore, "RS" cars are considered by some as "halo vehicles". Audi RS cars are some of the most powerful vehicles ever offered by Audi as well as R8. Audi "RS 6" (5.0 TFSI quattro), for instance, is more powerful than the physically larger Audi S8 (5.2 FSI quattro). However, the 2012 — 2015 Audi "S8" shares the same engine as the 2013 — ... Audi "RS 6" and Audi RS7, albeit in a lower state of tune, while for the 2016 — 2017 model years, the facelifted Audi S8 plus is considered 'an "RS" in anything but name as it features an uprated engine with the same output as the smaller RS 6 and RS7. The 2016-17 S8 Plus was built by Quattro GmbH and has a VIN number that starts with WUA to identify it, compared to previous versions of the S8 which were built by Audi on the regular assembly line alongside other A8 variants.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Available for limited time and only in select markets, on a restricted model range, these ""RS"" (and ""S"" models) models are wholly designed, developed and produced in-house by Audi AG's high performance private subsidiary company, Audi Sport GmbH, at its Neckarsulm factory.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Unlike Audi "S" models whose interiors are well-furnished in order to retain the feel of sport luxury, the interior of Audi ""RS"" models are often spartan by comparison as the emphasis is more on track performance than luxury. The 2008 Audi RS 4 sold in Europe had lightweight racing-style front seats and roll-up windows for the rear doors, although its counterpart sold in the United States has luxurious power-adjustable front seats and power windows for all doors 2008 BMW M3 vs. 2007 Audi RS 4, 2008 M-B C63 AMG.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Audi "RS" models are considered direct competitors to similar sized hardcore sport models from BMW M and Mercedes-AMG, whereas the Audi "S" models (as of 2010) have been positioned more as engine upgrade trims. Taking the 2012 model year for example, the "Audi RS 5" competes directly with the BMW M3, M4 whereas the Audi S5 competes with the BMW 335i, while the Audi RS 6 competes with the BMW M5 and the Audi S6 competes with the BMW 550i. However the Audi "RS 6" (C6) was never exported to the United States due to emissions regulations, leaving the Audi S6 (C6) as the top performing trim to compete against the BMW M5 (E60) in that market 2013 Audi S7.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: There used to be only one RS model in production at a time, but recently Audi has revised its policies and decided to make more than one RS model at a time, claiming that "customers want them, then why not give it to them".


title: Audi S and RS models

text: The following Audi "S" and "RS" high performance models are being, or have been produced, or are speculated to be in future production:


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Audi produce a specification of optional sports trim packages to their mainstream models A/Q/TT, known as the "S" line. This is merely a trim specification which allows customers to effect a sporty appearance in their mainstream Audi model. Whilst the specific S line trim parts are designed and produced by Audi Sport GmbH at its Neckarsulm factory, these mainstream cars are still manufactured and assembled by AUDI AG at their relevant factories on the same production lines alongside their other standard models.


title: Audi S and RS models

text: Cars with S line trim are not to be confused with the specific high performance offerings — the "S" models (made by AUDI AG), and the ""RS"" models (made by Audi Sport GmbH); Audi cars with S line trim bear identical performance figures to their counterparts with base or SE trim levels.


title: Police Commissioner of Mumbai

text: The Police Commissioner of Mumbai is the chief of the Mumbai Police, and an officer of the Indian Police Service. The Mumbai Police Commissioner is appointed by the Maharashtra State Government on the recommendation by the Establishment Board, which includes Additional Chief Secretary—Home department and other senior bureaucrats.


title: Police Commissioner of Mumbai

text: Julio Ribeiro wrote that some commissioners are appointed by lobbying. They are expected to repay the favour to the politicians. They transfer junior officials to positions where the politicians can make maximum illegal money.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: In the mathematical field of group theory, Lagrange's theorem is a theorem that states that for any finite group , the order (number of elements) of every subgroup of divides the order of . The theorem is named after Joseph-Louis Lagrange. The following variant states that for a subgroup formula_1 of a finite group formula_2, not only is formula_3 an integer, but its value is the index formula_4, defined as the number of left cosets of formula_1 in formula_2.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: This variant holds even if formula_2 is infinite, provided that formula_8, formula_9, and formula_4 are interpreted as cardinal numbers.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: The left cosets of in are the equivalence classes of a certain equivalence relation on : specifically, call and in equivalent if there exists in such that .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Each left coset has the same cardinality as because formula_11 defines a bijection formula_12 (the inverse is formula_13).


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: If we take ( is the identity element of ), then and . Therefore, we can recover the original equation .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: A consequence of the theorem is that the order of any element of a finite group (i.e. the smallest positive integer number with , where is the identity element of the group) divides the order of that group, since the order of is equal to the order of the cyclic subgroup generated by . If the group has elements, it follows


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: This can be used to prove Fermat's little theorem and its generalization, Euler's theorem. These special cases were known long before the general theorem was proved.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: The theorem also shows that any group of prime order is cyclic and simple. This in turn can be used to prove Wilson's theorem, that if is prime then is a factor of formula_16.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Lagrange's theorem can also be used to show that there are infinitely many primes: if there were a largest prime , then a prime divisor of the Mersenne number formula_17 would be such that the order of in the multiplicative group formula_18 (see modular arithmetic) divides the order of formula_18, which is formula_20. Hence , contradicting the assumption that is the largest prime.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Lagrange's theorem raises the converse question as to whether every divisor of the order of a group is the order of some subgroup. This does not hold in general: given a finite group "G" and a divisor "d" of |"G"|, there does not necessarily exist a subgroup of "G" with order "d". The smallest example is "A" (the alternating group of degree 4), which has 12 elements but no subgroup of order 6.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: A "Converse of Lagrange's Theorem" (CLT) group is a finite group with the property that for every divisor of the order of the group, there is a subgroup of that order. It is known that a CLT group must be solvable and that every supersolvable group is a CLT group. However, there exist solvable groups that are not CLT (for example, "A") and CLT groups that are not supersolvable (for example, "S", the symmetric group of degree 4).


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: There are partial converses to Lagrange's theorem. For general groups, Cauchy's theorem guarantees the existence of an element, and hence of a cyclic subgroup, of order any prime dividing the group order. Sylow's theorem extends this to the existence of a subgroup of order equal to the maximal power of any prime dividing the group order. For solvable groups, Hall's theorems assert the existence of a subgroup of order equal to any unitary divisor of the group order (that is, a divisor coprime to its cofactor).


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: The converse of Lagrange's theorem states that if is a divisor of the order of a group , then there exists a subgroup where .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: We will examine the alternating group , the set of even permutations as the subgroup of the Symmetric group .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: From Lagrange's theorem, the order of must divide both and , the orders of and respectively. The only two positive integers that divide both and are and . So or .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Assume , then . If does not share any elements with , then the 5 elements in besides the Identity element must be of the form where are distinct elements in .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Since any element of the form squared is , and , any element of in the form must be paired with its inverse. Specifically, the remaining 5 elements of must come from distinct pairs of elements in that are not in . This is impossible since pairs of elements must be even and cannot total up to 5 elements. Thus, the assumptions that is wrong, so .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Then, where , must be in the form where are distinct elements of . The other four elements in are cycles of length 3.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Note that the cosets generated by a subgroup of a group form a partition of the group. The cosets generated by a specific subgroup are either identical to each other or disjoint. The index of a subgroup in a group is the number of cosets generated by that subgroup. Since and , will generate two left cosets, one that is equal to and another, , that is of length 6 and includes all the elements in not in .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Since there are only 2 distinct cosets generated by , then must be normal. Because of that, . In particular, this is true for . Since .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Without loss of generality, assume that , , , . Then , , , , . Transforming back, we get . Because contains all disjoint transpositions in , . Hence, .


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Since , we have demonstrated that there is a third element in . But earlier we assumed that , so we have a contradiction.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Therefore, our original assumption that there is a subgroup of order 6 is not true and consequently there is no subgroup of order 6 in and the converse of Lagrange's theorem is not necessarily true.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: Lagrange himself did not prove the theorem in its general form. He stated, in his article "Réflexions sur la résolution algébrique des équations", that if a polynomial in variables has its variables permuted in all ways, the number of different polynomials that are obtained is always a factor of . (For example, if the variables , , and are permuted in all 6 possible ways in the polynomial then we get a total of 3 different polynomials: , , and . Note that 3 is a factor of 6.) The number of such polynomials is the index in the symmetric group of the subgroup of permutations that preserve the polynomial. (For the example of , the subgroup in contains the identity and the transposition .) So the size of divides . With the later development of abstract groups, this result of Lagrange on polynomials was recognized to extend to the general theorem about finite groups which now bears his name.


title: Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

text: In his "Disquisitiones Arithmeticae" in 1801, Carl Friedrich Gauss proved Lagrange's theorem for the special case of formula_21, the multiplicative group of nonzero integers modulo , where is a prime. In 1844, Augustin-Louis Cauchy proved Lagrange's theorem for the symmetric group .


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Wilhelm Maybach (; 9 February 1846 – 29 December 1929) was an early German engine designer and industrialist. During the 1890s he was hailed in France, then the world centre for car production, as the "King of Designers".


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: From the late 19th century Wilhelm Maybach, together with Gottlieb Daimler, developed light, high-speed internal combustion engines suitable for land, water, and air use. These were fitted to the world's first motorcycle, motorboat, and after Daimler's death, a new automobile introduced in late 1902, the Mercedes model, built to the specifications of Emil Jellinek.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Maybach rose to become technical director of the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG) but did not get along with its chairmen. As a result, Maybach left DMG in 1907 to found Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH together with his son Karl in 1909; they manufactured Zeppelin engines. After the signing of the Versailles Treaty in 1919 the company started producing large luxury vehicles, branded as "Maybach". He died in 1929 and was succeeded by his son Karl Maybach. From around 1936 Maybach-Motorenbau designed and made almost all the engines fitted in German tanks and half-tracks used during World War 2, including those for the Panther, Tiger I and Tiger II heavy tanks.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Continuing after the war, Maybach Motorenbau remained a subsidiary of Luftschiffbau Zeppelin, making diesel engines. During the 1960s Maybach came under the control of Daimler-Benz and was renamed MTU Friedrichshafen.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 2002 the "Maybach" brand name was revived for a luxury make but it was not successful. On 25 November 2011 Daimler-Benz announced they would cease producing automobiles under the "Maybach" brand name in 2013.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 2014, Daimler announced production of an ultra-luxury edition of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class under the new Mercedes-Maybach brand.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Wilhelm Maybach was born in Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg, in 1846, the son of a carpenter and his wife Luise. He had four brothers. When he was eight years old the family moved from Löwenstein near Heilbronn to Stuttgart. His mother died in 1856 and his father in 1859.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: After his relatives published an announcement in the "Stuttgarter Anzeiger" newspaper, a philanthropic institution at Reutlingen took in Maybach as a student. Its founder and director, , discovered Maybach's technical inclination and helped to stimulate his career by sending him to the school's engineering workshop. At 15 years old (1861), Maybach was heading for a career in Industrial design and took extra classes in physics and mathematics at Reutlingen's public high school.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: By the time he was 19 years old, he was a qualified designer working on stationary engines. His workshop manager, Gottlieb Daimler, then 29, noticed his efforts and took him on as his main assistant, a post he held until Daimler's death in 1900.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1869, Maybach followed Daimler to Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Karlsruhe AG in Karlsruhe, a manufacturer of heavy locomotives. Daimler was on the Executive Committee and they spent long nights discussing new designs for engines, pumps, lumber machinery, and metalworking.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1872, Daimler moved to Deutz-AG-Gasmotorenfabrik in Cologne, then the world's largest manufacturer of stationary gas engines. Nicolaus Otto, part owner of the company, focused on engine development with Daimler. Maybach joined them as Chief Designer.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1876, Nicolaus Otto patented the Otto cycle engine. It was a four-stroke cycle gas internal combustion engine with intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes. One of Otto's more than 25 patents on this engine was later challenged and overturned, allowing Daimler and Maybach to produce their high-speed engine.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Also in 1876, Maybach was sent to show Deutz's engines at the Philadelphia World's Fair (USA). On returning to Cologne in 1877, he concentrated on improving the four-stroke design to prepare it for its impending commercial launch.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1878, Maybach married Bertha Wilhelmine Habermaas, a friend of Daimler's wife, Emma Kunz. Her family members were landowners who ran the post office in Maulbronn. On 6 July 1879 Karl Maybach was born, the first of their three children.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1880, Daimler and Otto had serious disagreements, resulting in Daimler's leaving Deutz-AG. Daimler received 112,000 goldmarks in Deutz-AG shares as compensation for patents granted to him and Maybach. Maybach also left shortly afterwards, and followed his friend to found a new company in Cannstatt.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1882, Maybach moved to Taubenheimstrasse in Cannstatt, Stuttgart, where Daimler had purchased a house with 75,000 goldmarks from his Deutz compensation. They added a brick extension to the glass-fronted summer house in the garden, which became their workshop.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Their activities alarmed the neighbours, who suspected they were engaged in counterfeiting. The police raided the property in their absence using the gardener's key, but found only engines.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In late 1883, Daimler and Maybach patented the first of their engines fueled by Ligroin. This engine was patented on 16 December 1883. It achieved Daimler's goal of being small and running fast enough to be useful at 750 rpm (soon after up to 900). Daimler had three engines built in 1884. Maybach persuaded him to put one in a vehicle, the result being the "Reitwagen".


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: By the end of 1885, Maybach and Daimler developed the first of their engines, which is regarded as a precursor to all modern petrol engines. It featured:


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1885, they created the first carburetor, which mixed evaporated gasoline with air to allow its efficient use as fuel. It was used that year on a larger but still compact version of the engine, now with a vertical cylinder, that featured:


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Daimler baptized it the "Standuhr" (lit. "grandfather clock"), because of its resemblance to a pendulum clock.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In November 1885, Daimler installed a smaller version of the engine onto a wooden bicycle, creating the first motorcycle (patent 36-423 – Vehicle with gas or petroleum engine), and Maybach drove it three kilometers from Cannstatt to Untertürkheim, reaching . It became known as the "Reitwagen".


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: On 8 March 1886, the inventors bought an American model coach built by Wilhelm Wimpff & Sohn, telling the neighbors that it was a birthday gift for Mrs. Daimler. Maybach supervised the installation of an enlarged 1.5 hp Grandfather Clock engine onto the coach, and installed a belt drive to the wheels. The vehicle reached when tested on the road to Untertürkheim.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: By 1887 they were licensing their first patents abroad, and Maybach represented the company at the great Paris Exposition Universelle (1889).


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Sales increased, mostly from the Neckar motorboat. In June 1887, Daimler bought land in the Seelberg Hills of Cannstatt. The workshop was some distance from the town on Ludwig Route 67, because Cannstatt's mayor objected to the presence of the workshop in the town. It covered 2,903 square meters and cost 30,200 goldmarks. They initially employed 23 people. Daimler managed the commercial issues and Maybach the design department.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1889 they built their first automobile to be designed from scratch rather than as an adaptation of a stagecoach. It was publicly launched by both inventors in Paris in October 1889.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Daimler's engine licenses began to be taken up throughout the world, starting the modern car industry in:


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Resources were scant to keep the business going, as neither the engine sales nor the worldwide proceeds from their patents were yielding enough money. Fresh capital was injected by bringing in the financiers Max von Duttenhofer and William Lorenz, former munitions makers, who were associated with Kilian von Steiner, the owner of a German investment bank. The company was taken public.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1890, Daimler and Maybach together founded the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft, the Daimler Motor Corporation or DMG for short, which was dedicated to the construction of small high-speed internal combustion engines for land, water, or air transport. Maybach was Chief Designer. After spending long hours debating which fuel was best to use in Otto's four-stroke engine, which had normally used methane gas as a fuel, they turned to petroleum which until then had been used mainly as a cleaner and sold in pharmacies.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: The company's re-foundation took place on 28 November 1890. This has been regarded as a "pact with the devil" by some German historians,


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: as the following decade was chaotic for Daimler and Maybach. DMG continued to expand, selling engines from Moscow to New York, and additional stationary engine-making capacity was added, but the belief continued that automobile production would not be profitable. The new chairmen planned to merge "DMG" and "Deutz-AG", in spite of Daimler's disagreement with Nicolaus Otto.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Gottlieb Daimler and Chief Engineer Maybach preferred to produce automobiles and reacted against Duttenhofer and Lorenz in particular. Maybach was rejected as a member of the Board of Management and left the company on 11 February 1891, and continued his design work from his own house, financed by Daimler. In late 1892, he set up a shop in the ballroom of the former Hermann Hotel and Winter Garden where he employed 17 workers, five of which were paid by Daimler.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1894 Maybach designed his third engine model, together with Daimler and his son Paul. Used in the Phoenix, it gained worldwide attention, pioneering the use of four cylinders in the automobile and featuring:


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Maybach's creations are considered among the finest motors of the late 19th century. His inventions became indispensable for any model by any automaker in the world. He became recognised as the backbone of France's early automobile industry, where he was hailed as the "King of Designers".


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Daimler was forced out of his post as Technical Director at DMG and resigned in 1893, which damaged DMG's prestige. However, in 1894, a British industrialist, Frederick Simms, purchased the rights to the Phoenix engine for 350,000 marks and stabilised the company's finances. He also made it a condition that Daimler be re-employed. In 1895 DMG assembled its 1,000th engine, and Maybach also returned as Chief Engineer, obtaining 30,000 goldmarks worth of shares through his original contract with Gottlieb Daimler.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Around this time though Maybach suffered two setbacks. His teenage second son, Adolf, suffered a schizophrenia attack and spent the rest of his life in various mental institutions. (In 1940, his son was murdered by the Nazis as part of the Euthanasia Program.) In 1900, Gottlieb Daimler died of heart disease.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Between April and October 1900, Maybach designed a completely new kind of car inspired by racing which would be called the Mercedes 35 hp when released in 1902. It featured:


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Emil Jellinek, a successful Austrian dealer and racing driver on the French Riviera who greatly admired Maybach's work, promised to buy a shipment of 36 automobiles for 550,000 goldmarks if Maybach could design a great race car for him following his specifications.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: The prototype was finished in December 1900 and, in 1901 went on to have a string of racing successes. Its engine was baptized Daimler-Mercedes (Spanish for mercy) after Mercedes Jellinek, Emil's 10-year–old daughter. European high society bought the car in large numbers making it the commercial success that convinced the company directors there was a future in automobiles. Production increased greatly and DMG rapidly increased in size and number of employees. DMG officially registered the Mercedes trademark in June 1902.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1902, a fire destroyed DMG's Cannstatt facilities and the company moved to Stuttgart-Untertürkheim. Maybach continued with his innovations:


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: DMG demoted him to an "Inventor's Office" causing him to leave the company again in 1907. DMG replaced him with Paul Daimler. That same year, the German Engineers Association (VDI) recognized Wilhelm Maybach as an honorary member.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1900, Maybach had had his first contact with Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin who sought to improve the engines of the Zeppelin LZ1 airship. Maybach built some engines for him based on sketches of a 150 hp unit created by his son, Karl, while at DMG.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1908, Count Zeppelin attempted to sell his models "LZ3" and "LZ4" to the government. On 5 August, "LZ4" exploded against a row of trees after attempting an emergency landing when its engines failed. This was far from being the end for the airship project as 6.25 million goldmarks were raised in a donation campaign after the accident. Count Zeppelin founded the Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH, the company that built the Zeppelin airships.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Maybach had to hold off joining the new company for a while as he was still in litigation with DMG, so Karl took his place. On 23 March 1909, a deal was finally signed, creating an engine subsidiary to Luftschiffbau Zeppelin at Bissingen/Enz, in Württemberg. Wilhelm Maybach was Technical Assistant and Karl was Technical Manager. Their first designs reached 72 km/h (45 mph).


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Wilhelm Maybach moved his company to Friedrichshafen and renamed it "Luftfahrzeug-Motoren-GmbH". Karl and Wilhem held 20% of the shares with an arrangement for Karl to inherit. They kept supplying "Zeppelin", but worked on other airship engines too. In 1912, the company adopted the name Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH (Maybach Engine Construction Company). In 1916, they developed a 160 hp aircraft engine which sold 2000 units before the end of World War I. In 1916, Wilhelm Maybach was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by the Technical University of Stuttgart.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: After the First World War, the Versailles Treaty of 1919 prohibited airship production in Germany, so Maybach turned to making high-speed diesel engines for naval and railroad use, and petrol engines for automobiles, but not complete automobiles.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Many of the small automakers in Germany built their own engines for cost reasons and only the Dutch Spyker company was interested in taking Maybach engines. Wilhelm Maybach turned down the contract because he could not agree to its conditions. Instead, he opted to build complete automobiles and the factory began to produce Maybach limousines in 1921.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: It was produced until 1928, selling 300 units, mostly with sedan bodies; the two-seat sport version was less successful. The Maybach W5 followed, with the top speed increased to ; 250 units sold in 1927 and 1929.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Only a few dozen were sold due to the German postwar economic crisis. In 1930, its successor, the DS7-Zeppelin, also featured a 12-cylinder engine of 7 liters.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: Neither Wilhelm nor Karl owned a Maybach automobile. Wilhelm never even owned a car. "He, who created the basics for the modern automobilism, rarely utilized a car for his personal purposes. He walked or took the tram. Although he could have afforded one, he did not own a car."


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: His business, Maybach Motorenbau GmbH, continued in Friedrichshafen under his son Karl Maybach. From around 1935 Maybach made and designed almost all the engines for tanks and half-tracks used by the German armed forces during World War 2. After 1945 it manufactured a full range of diesel engines. In the early 1960s Maybach began to construct large Daimler-Benz engines in Friedrichshafen under a licence agreement and entered close collaboration with Daimler-Benz.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: During the mid 1960s Maybach Motorenbau GmbH became Maybach Mercedes-Benz Motorenbau GmbH and 83 percent owned by Daimler-Benz.


title: Wilhelm Maybach

text: In 1998 Mercedes-Benz announced what would prove to be a temporary revival of the Maybach brand for automobiles. Daimler AG currently produces an ultra luxury edition of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class under the Mercedes-Maybach brand.


title: Gender of God

text: In polytheistic religions, gods often have genders which would enable them to sexually interact with each other, and even with humans.


title: Gender of God

text: Abrahamic religions worship a single God, which in most interpretations of Yahweh, Allah, and God the Father, is not believed to have a physical body. Though often referred to with gendered pronouns, many Abrahamic denominations use "divine gender" primarily as an analogy to better relate to the concept of God, with no sexual connotation. In Christian traditions with the concept of the Trinity, Jesus is believed to be a physical manifestation called God the Son, who is male. In Mormonism, God the Father is male and is married to the female Heavenly Mother.


title: Gender of God

text: In the Hebrew and Christian Bible, God is usually described in male terms in biblical sources, with female analogy in Genesis 1:26-27, Psalm 123:2-3, and Luke 15:8-10; a mother in Deuteronomy 32:18, Isaiah 66:13, Isaiah 49:15, Isaiah 42:14, Psalm 131:2; and a mother hen in Matthew 23:37 and Luke 13:34, although never directly referred to as being female.


title: Gender of God

text: Although the gender of God in Judaism is referred to in the Tanakh with masculine imagery and grammatical forms, traditional Jewish philosophy does not attribute the concept of sex to God. At times, Jewish aggadic literature and Jewish mysticism do treat God as gendered. The ways in which God is gendered have also changed across time, with some modern Jewish thinkers viewing God as outside of the gender binary. Guillaume Postel (16th century), (19th century), and Mark Sameth (21st century) theorize that the four letters of the personal name of God, YHWH, are a cryptogram which the priests of ancient Israel would have read in reverse as "huhi", “heshe,” signifying a dual-gendered deity.


title: Gender of God

text: Most Christian groups conceive of God as Triune, believing that God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit are distinct persons, but one being that is wholly God.


title: Gender of God

text: God the Son (Jesus Christ), having been incarnated as a human man, is masculine. Classical western philosophy believes that God lacks a literal sex as it would be impossible for God to have a body (a prerequisite for sex). However, Classical western philosophy states that God should be referred to (in most contexts) as masculine by analogy; the reason being God's relationship with the world as begetter of the world and revelation (i.e. analogous to an active instead of receptive role in sexual intercourse). Others interpret God as neither male nor female.


title: Gender of God

text: The Catechism of the Catholic Church, Book 239, states that God is called "Father", while his love for man may also be depicted as motherhood. However, God ultimately transcends the human concept of sex, and "is neither man nor woman: He is God."


title: Gender of God

text: In contrast to most other Christian denominations, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) teaches that God the Father, God the Son, and the Holy Spirit are physically distinct while being one in purpose. The LDS Church also teaches that God the Father is married to a divine woman, referred to as "Heavenly Mother." Humans are considered to be spirit children of these heavenly parents.


title: Gender of God

text: In Hebrew language, in rabbinic literature, the divine presence of God, the Holy Spirit, the word Shekhinah is grammatically feminine, thought the word is always used in a masculine or androgynous context to refer to a divine manifestation.


title: Gender of God

text: The New Testament also refers to the Holy Spirit as masculine in a number of places, where the masculine Greek word "Paraclete" occurs, for "Comforter", most clearly in the Gospel of John, chapters 14 to 16. These texts were particularly significant when Christians were debating whether the New Testament teaches that the Holy Spirit is a fully divine person, or some kind of "force." All major English Bible translations have retained the masculine pronoun for the Spirit, as in John 16:13. Although it has been noted that in the original Greek, in some parts of John's Gospel, the neuter Greek word "pneuma" is also used for the Spirit.


title: Gender of God

text: Islam teaches that God ("Allah") is beyond any comparison, and thus God is beyond any gender attributes. Arabic only possesses gendered pronouns ("he" and "she") but does not have gender neutral pronouns ("it"), and "he" is typically used in cases where the subject's gender is indeterminate. Thus, Allah is typically referred to as "he", despite not having any gender attributes.


title: Gender of God

text: In the Baha'i Faith, Baha'u'llah uses the Mother as an attribute of God: "He Who is well-grounded in all knowledge, He Who is the Mother, the Soul, the Secret, and the Essence". Baha'u'llah further writes that "Every single letter proceeding out of the mouth of God is indeed a Mother Letter, and every word uttered by Him Who is the Well Spring of Divine Revelation is a Mother Word, and His Tablet a Mother Tablet." The Primal Will of God is personified as the maid of heaven in the Baha'i writings.


title: Gender of God

text: In Hinduism, there are diverse approaches to conceptualizing God and gender. Many Hindus focus upon impersonal Absolute (Brahman) which is genderless. Other Hindu traditions conceive God as androgynous (both female and male), alternatively as either male or female, while cherishing gender henotheism, that is without denying the existence of other Gods in either gender.


title: Gender of God

text: The Shakti tradition conceives of God as a female. Other Bhakti traditions of Hinduism have both male and female gods. In ancient and medieval Indian mythology, each masculine deva of the Hindu pantheon is partnered with a feminine who is often a devi.


title: Gender of God

text: The oldest of the Hindu scriptures is the "Rigveda" (2nd millennium BC). The first word of the Rigveda is the name Agni, the god of fire, to whom many of the vedic hymns are addressed, along with Indra the warrior. Agni and Indra are both male divinities.


title: Gender of God

text: The "Rigveda" refers to a creator (Hiranyagarbha or Prajapati), distinct from Agni and Indra. This creator is identified with Brahma (not to be confused with Brahman, the first cause), born of Vishnu's navel, in later scriptures. Hiranyagarbha and Prajapati are male divinities, as is Brahma (who has a female consort, Saraswati).


title: Gender of God

text: They include goddesses of water (Āpaḥ) and dawn (Uṣas), and the complementary pairing of Father Heaven and Mother Earth.


title: Gender of God

text: However, they are all "subservient to the abstract, but active positive 'force of truth' [Ṛta]…which pervades the universe and all actions of the gods and humans."


title: Gender of God

text: This force is sometimes mediated or represented by moral gods (the "Āditya", e.g. Varuṇa) or even Indra.


title: Gender of God

text: In some Hindu philosophical traditions, God is depersonalized as the quality-less Nirguna Brahman, the fundamental life force of the universe. However, theism itself is central to Hinduism.


title: Gender of God

text: While many Hindus focus upon God in the neutral form, Brahman being of neuter gender grammatically, there are prominent Hindu traditions that conceive God as female, even as the source of the male form of God, such as the Shakta denomination. Hinduism, especially of the Samkhya school, views the creation of the cosmos as the result of the play of two radically distinct principles: the feminine matter (Prakṛti) and the masculine spirit (Purusha). Prakṛti is the primordial matter which is present before the cosmos becomes manifest. Prakṛti is seen as being "the power of nature, both animate and inanimate. As such, nature is seen as dynamic energy" (Rae, 1994). Prakriti is originally passive, immobile and pure potentiality by nature . Only through her contact with the kinetic Purusha she unfolds into the diverse forms before us. The idea of Prakṛti/Purusha leads to the concept of the Divine Consort. Almost every deva of the Hindu pantheon has a feminine consort (devi).


title: Gender of God

text: Unificationism views God, the Creator, as having dual characteristics of masculinity and femininity. Since an artist, like God, can only express that which is within the boundaries of their own nature, and according to Genesis 1:27, “So God created mankind in his own image, male and female he created them.”, indicating that God’s image includes both male and female attributes.


title: Gender of God

text: Due to the more active role of masculinity, mankind typically portrays God as male, but the more receptive or supportive and nurturing role within God’s characteristics is less emphasized or even neglected or ignored in writings and in art.


title: Gender of God

text: Animist religions are common among oral societies, many of which still exist in the 21st century. Typically, natural forces and shaman spiritual guides feature in these religions, rather than fully-fledged personal divinities with established personalities. It is in polytheism that such deities are found. Animist religions often, but not always, attribute gender to spirits considered to permeate the world and its events. Polytheistic religions, however, almost always attribute gender to their gods, though a few notable divinities are associated with various forms of epicene characteristics—gods that manifest alternatingly as male and female, gods with one male and one female "face", and gods whose most distinctive characteristic is their unknown gender.


title: Gender of God

text: In her essay "Why Women Need the Goddess", Carol P. Christ argues the notion of there having been an ancient religion of a supreme goddess. The essay was first presented in the spring of 1978 as a keynote address for the "Great Goddess Re-emerging" conference at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Christ also co-edited the classic feminist religion anthologies "Weaving the Visions: New Patterns in Feminist Spirituality" (1989) and "Womanspirit Rising" (1979/1989), the latter of which include her 1978 essay.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: Vadhir Derbez Alejandro González Torres Prince (born 18 February 1991), better known as Vadhir Derbez, is a Mexican actor and singer who has worked for Televisa, Univision, Warner Brothers, Netflix, TV Azteca and Telemundo.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: He studied at military school Culver Academies for four years, where he practiced equestrianism. He rode in Barack Obama's Inaugural parade in Washington D.C. in 2009.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: Vadhir began his acting career in 1997 at age six on the program "Derbez en Cuando", where he participated in the sketches "Tatiana y En Familia con Chabelo" (2000), and "Diseñador do ambos sexos" (2001). He earned his first featured part in the novela (soap opera) "Cómplices Al Rescate" (2002). "La familia P. Luche" (2002) was his next involved work, followed by "De pocas, pocas pulgas" (2003), "Par de ases" (2004), "Mujer, Casos de la Vida Real" (2004). In 2006 he was on the famous program "Vecinos" as recurring character Marco López Pérez for a total of 36 episodes. Derbez participated in Univision's first reality dance competition, "Mira Quien Baila" (2010) and was the winner of the shows first season. He acted in the famous series (2013) as Maximiliano 'Max' Zaga, one of the protagonists, alongside Alexis Ayala, José María Torre, and Issabela Camil.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: In 2016, Vadhir played the role of "César Suárez", the psychopathic son of a drug lord in the soap opera "La querida del Centauro", a production of Sony Pictures, Teleset, and in collaboration with Telemundo, the show was aired in the United States, Mexico, and South America. In the same year the actor played a lead role in the first series shared amongst TV Azteca and Televisa Blim, "Entre correr y vivir", based on the lives of Ricardo and Pedro Rodríguez. This show was filmed in the race course of Mexico City and in it Vadhir played the role of the race pilot Rodrigo Hernández. In 2019, he won the first season of "¿Quién es la máscara?" as Camaleon.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: Entering the international market, the actor obtained a role on the Netflix series, "Sense8" (2016) alongside Miguel Ángel Silvestre and Alfonso Herrera.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: The actor made his theater debut playing Tom Sawyer, the lead role in "Las aventuras de Tom Sawyer"(2004), an adaption of the story by Mark Twain. In 2013 he took part in the musical "Grease", playing 3 different roles (Tacho, Kiko, and Danny Sucko) during this time. Afterwards he earned a lead part in the Broadway musical "Rock of Ages" (2014), playing the role of Jerry, along with the actress and singer Dulce Maria. He then played a lead role in Grease (2017) once more on "Musical USA" making rounds in a few cities in the United States.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: Vadhir earned his first part on the big screen giving voice to the character "Chuletas" in the film "Imaginum"(2005), but it wasn't until 2015 that the actor debuted on the silver screen again, appearing in the action film "Ladrones", alongside Fernando Colunga, Eduardo Yáñez, Jessica Lindsay, and Miguel Varoni. In 2016, he obtained his first lead role in film "El tamaño si Importa", directed by Rafa Lara. The next year he was in the film 3 Idiotas, an adaptation of the popular Bollywood film 3 Idiots. After his success in Mexico, he made his Hollywood debut in the film "How to Be a Latin Lover"(2017), alongside Salma Hayek, Eugenio Derbez, Rob Lowe, Raquel Welch. Kristen Bell and Omar Chaparro. In May 2019, Vadhir played the role of "Beto" in "Dulce Familia".


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: Derbez made his music debut with his first EP, "Vadhir Derbez" released 2 September 2016. It featured two singles: "Te Olvidé" and "Me Haces Sentir". "Me Haces Sentir" was later re-released on 14 February 2017 with the live version included.


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: His musical and cinematic career briefly overlapped his song "Al Final" was released under the soundtrack of "3 Idiotas" on 7 March 2017, a movie which he was also featured on April 27, 2017, Derbez released his fourth single, "Latin Lover".


title: Vadhir Derbez

text: After a period of almost two years, Vadhir released his next single "Mala" on 5 April 2019, and has announced that his last song "Toda La Banda" was released in June 2019.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "Days Gone Bye" is the pilot episode of the post-apocalyptic horror television series "The Walking Dead". It originally aired on AMC in the United States on October 31, 2010. The episode's teleplay was written and directed by Frank Darabont, the series creator.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Robert Kirkman, the creator of the eponymous series of comic books, considered the idea of creating a television show based on the comic series, but did not move forward. Frank Darabont expressed interest in developing the series for television. In January 2010, AMC formally announced that it had ordered a pilot for a possible series adapted from "The Walking Dead" comic book. In the announcement, the executives stated that Darabont would serve as writer, director, and an executive producer alongside Gale Anne Hurd.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Principal photography for the pilot commenced in May 2010 in Atlanta, Georgia. It was wholly shot on 16 mm film, and was edited using computer-generated imagery. "Days Gone Bye" was heavily promoted in the months preceding its release; as part of an expansive advertising campaign, zombie invasion events were coordinated in selected locations including New York City, Washington, D.C., London, and Madrid. The episode premiered in 120 countries worldwide.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "Days Gone Bye" was critically well received, praising Andrew Lincoln's performance and Darabont's direction. Several critics compared it to "Lost". In the United States, the series premiere achieved a viewership of 5.35 million, making it the most-watched series premiere in its network's history. The episode garnered a Nielsen rating of 2.7 in the 18–49 demographic, translating to 3.6 million viewers.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: The episode opens "in medias res" as former Sheriff Deputy Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) scavenges for gas and supplies at an abandoned convenience store in rural Georgia on a deserted highway. He spots a little girl (Addy Miller), but she turns out to be a zombie. When she charges towards him, Rick shoots her in the head.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Returning to several weeks prior, Rick is seriously injured while chasing down criminals alongside his partner and childhood friend Shane Walsh (Jon Bernthal) as he is shot in his shoulder causing him to go into a coma. Hospitalized as a result of the injury, Rick experiences a series of dreamlike encounters with friends and family as he languishes in a coma.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: When he regains consciousness, he finds the hospital abandoned and horrifically ransacked; the walls sprayed with blood, destroyed equipment everywhere, and dead bodies littering the hallway. He walks past a set of double doors secured with heavy chains and spray-painted with the ominous warning "Don't Open Dead Inside". From the far side of the secured doors, Rick hears growling while an unknown menace pushes against the locked doors. Outside, he finds scores of dead bodies – some covered in makeshift body bags, others strewn about randomly. As he makes his way home, he sees a dragging her legless body towards him. He ignores her and returns home, finding his family has long-since fled. Rick encounters Morgan Jones (Lennie James) and his son Duane (Adrian Kali Turner), and they explain the zombie apocalypse that occurred while Rick was in a coma. Morgan warns that the only way to stop the zombies is to destroy the brain, and cautions that the zombies are attracted to noise. Rick decides to head to Atlanta where a refugee camp is rumored to exist, though Morgan would rather stay behind. Rick, Morgan, and Duane go to the Sheriff Department Headquarters where Rick was assigned and take weapons, radios, ammunition and a patrol car. While there Rick encounters a zombified former colleague, whom he shoots in the head. Rick splits the stash of weapons and supplies from the police station with Morgan and promises to stay in touch with a walkie-talkie. Morgan and Duane return to their home, and Morgan, armed with a sniper rifle from the Sheriff's Headquarters and perched in a second story window, fires at the zombies wandering in the street in front of their home. While Duane sits nervously downstairs – unsure why Morgan is shooting out the window, it becomes clear that Morgan is trying to attract his wife – now a zombie. When she arrives, drawn to the noise of gunfire, Morgan gets her head in sight, but he is unable to shoot her.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: On his way out of town, Rick stops by the legless zombie. He apologizes for what had happened to her and he shoots her. When he radios Morgan the next day, his signal is picked up by a survivors' camp where Shane, Rick's wife Lori (Sarah Wayne Callies), and his son Carl (Chandler Riggs) are safe. Unaware that it is Rick on the other line, they lose radio signal before they can warn him of the dangers in Atlanta. Shane and Lori briefly kiss before Carl interrupts. Lori reassures Carl that she will stay with him. Later, Rick is forced to abandon his car when he runs out of gas. He finds a farmhouse nearby where the owners of the house are found to be dead, he takes their horse and continues the rest of the way on horseback.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: In the seemingly empty city, Rick follows a helicopter flying overhead right into a horde of zombies. They attack him and his horse, killing his horse and forcing him to drop his bag of weapons and crawl under a tank, and as they follow him under it Rick contemplates suicide a split second before noticing a trapdoor to take shelter in the vehicle. After he shoots a walker inside, he hears a voice from the tank's radio sarcastically ask if he is comfortable, before the scene exits with a top down view of Atlanta overrun by walkers.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Robert Kirkman claimed that he had considered the idea of a television series, but never actively pursued it. When Frank Darabont became interested, Kirkman called it "extremely flattering" and went on to say that "he definitely cares about the original source material, and you can tell that in the way he's adapting it." In his interview, Kirkman exclaimed that it was "an extreme validation of the work", and continued by expressing that "never in a million years could [he] have thought that if "Walking Dead" were to ever be adapted that everything would be going this well."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "The Walking Dead" institutes elements from George A. Romero's horror film "Night of the Living Dead" (1968). Darabont admitted to becoming a fan of the film at age fourteen. He insisted that the film has a "weird vibe", comparing it to that of pornography. He continued: "It had this marvelously attractive, disreputable draw [...] I loved it immediately." Darabont recalled walking into a comic book store in Burbank, California and seeing "The Walking Dead" on the shelf in 2005.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Frank Darabont described the process of developing the series and setting it up at a network as "four years of frustration". He first initiated a deal with NBC to own copyrights to "The Walking Dead", but was later declined. "They were very excited about the idea of doing a zombie show until I handed them a zombie script where zombies were actually doing zombie shit," he stated. Darabont credited Gale Anne Hurd with finally getting the series on AMC. "Gale was tremendously instrumental in jump-starting it at a point where it felt like it was languishing, "he asserted. "I'd gotten turned down enough times, which is no reflection on the material, but no matter what you're trying to sell in Hollywood, you're Willy Loman and it's "Death of a Salesman". You're out there trying to sell shit that nobody wants. Even if it's good shit."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Hurd recalled that she had heard of the comic before, and upon reading it, felt that it would be great for film. She stated: "When I first read the book, I thought, 'This would be a great film,' and boy was I wrong. It's a much better TV series. Fast forward, I knew that Frank had initially developed it for NBC, which to me seemed like an odd pairing for this. Then I heard it wasn't going forward at NBC so I talked to Frank." On January 20, 2010, AMC officially announced that it had ordered a pilot with Darabont and Hurd acting as executive producers; the former wrote the script and directed the episode. The entire series was pre-ordered based on the strength of the source material, the television scripts, and Darabont's involvement.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Frank Darabont wrote a 60-page pilot script for "Days Gone Bye". His initial script for the episode was split in half and embellished. Darabont explained that he did this to "slow the narrative down and dig into the characters more deeply, so it's not just plot-driven, event-driven stuff. You really want to drag these characters into the equation." Darabont felt that instituting visual maneuvers would increase the surreal atmosphere of a scene. Upon reading the script, Robert Kirkman thought that producers were consistent with his comic, adding that they could possibly improve his initial work. "Reading that pilot was just a revelation. It's extremely faithful. There are things that are so much like the comic, I can't really remember the nuance of what's different and what's not from the comic. He's definitely being more faithful than I expected, and everything that he's changing is brilliant. I couldn't be happier. I think the fans of the book are going to just love it." The episode shares its name with volume one of the comic book series.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: The principal photography produced a high demand for extras as zombies. In an interview with MTV News, special effects artist Greg Nicotero stated that while anyone was welcome to audition, the producers of the show were looking specifically for people who possessed exceptional height and thin features. Casting for extras took approximately three days. Once accepted, the extras would be sent to "zombie school" for training and preparing for filming. Nicotero stated that "it was interesting because I initially thought my experience with zombie movies is you just let them do whatever they want to do. George [Romero] always said, 'You show 50 people one movement, then you have 50 people doing all the same thing.' So we sort of just lined them up and said, 'Let's see what your zombie walk would look like,' and then they would do it and we would say, 'Try this or try that.' You know, sort of fine tuning everybody." Alongside with Frank Darabont, Nicotero had previously collaborated with Romero on several occasions, and looked at the structure of the zombies in his films for inspiration. "It's not that I'm against [fast zombies]. It's just not what I grew up with. It's interesting, too, because a couple takes we did, where a couple of the zombies kind of broke into a run, and after one take Frank's like, 'Did they run too fast? They shouldn't be running. Slow them down.' This is trying to be creepy and moody and, you know, you're building up all this kind of scary tension."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: In April 2010, "The Hollywood Reporter" revealed that Jon Bernthal and Andrew Lincoln were chosen by producers for the main cast of the series. Bernthal was to portray Shane Walsh, while Lincoln provided the role of Rick Grimes, the central character of "The Walking Dead". While Gale Anne Hurd didn't expect to cast Lincoln, Robert Kirkman was ecstatic with his acting, evaluating him as an "amazing find". In his interview with Dread Central, Kirkman added that "writing Rick Grimes month after month in the comic series, I had no idea he was an actual living, breathing human being, and yet, here he is. I couldn't be more thrilled with how this show is coming together." Although he was initially shocked upon hearing of "The Walking Dead", Lincoln thought the episode's script was well written. "I read it and thought it was well written, and I put myself on tape just for one scene. I didn't know who was involved at this point." The succeeding day, his agent called him about the development of the pilot. Lincoln described the moment as "kind of like a dream list". He later communicated with Darabont via Skype; "We spoke for about 40 minutes about his ideas for the project, about what I liked about Episode One and then he asked would I fly over to come and test." Lincoln flew to Darabont's home, where he viewed "Days Gone Bye" in his garage. He opined that was "brilliant" and "very intimate".


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Bernthal was extremely comfortable with his character on set. "The second he opened his mouth and started reading the scene, I knew it was him," he said. "There was no question. I saw Frank and I knew it. He's the guy. He's a wonderful actor, and he's going to kill it in this role." Bernthal admitted that he had no prior knowledge of "The Walking Dead". He reminisced that he reacted so "organically" to the script that he "didn't want to be colored by anything else. When I did read the comic, I was shocked. Look, I'm not going to sit here and regret. One of the great things about doing TV versus film is to be surprised yourself, to not let where you're going color where you are." The pilot episode's script was amongst several other scripts for proposed television pilots that Bernthal skimmed through; He felt that this script overshadowed the others. "[It was] pilot season, and I read everything that was out there. I still remember the day that I got this script. I told my agent that I'd be thrilled to be an extra in this, it's so good. It just blew the rest of them right out of the water."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Shortly after the announcement, Sarah Wayne Callies was approached to play the role of Rick's wife Lori Grimes, the lead female. Other actors garnering roles in the main cast include Steven Yeun, Chandler Riggs, and Jeffrey DeMunn. "Days Gone Bye" featured guest appearances from actors and actresses such as Emma Bell (Amy), Andrea's younger sister. Bell would later become part of the main cast as a recurring character. Lennie James played Morgan Jones and Jim Coleman guest performed Lam Kendal. Linds Edwards played Leon Bassett, Rick's co-worker. Keisha Tillis played Jenny Jones, Morgan's wife; and Adrian Kali Turner played Duane Jones, Jenny's son. Melissa Cowan played the bicycle girl walker; Sam Witwer, who had collaborated with Darabont in "The Mist" (2007), appeared as a dying soldier; Addy Miller played the teddy bear girl walker; and Joe Giles played an Atlanta walker who followed Rick. Frances Cobb played a camp survivor.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: The producers chose to film in Atlanta because of its proximity to Cynthiana, Kentucky, Robert Kirkman's hometown and the setting of his comic's first issue. "At the beginning they talk about how some of the people in neighboring states would have gone to larger cities so they could fortify them and protect the population." Kirkman had considered other cities, particularly New York City, Miami, and Chicago. Gale Anne Hurd had previously filmed in the city for Lifetime. Frank Darabont felt that Atlanta offered the essentials; "Atlanta and Georgia all-told is proving to be brilliant for us in terms of what it has to offer, in terms of what the story needed, in terms of the variety of locations—it really is a fantastic place to shoot." Prior to filming, Kirkman toured with Darabont around the central business district. He stated, "I tagged along on a location-scouting expedition, and that was pretty fun—watching Frank Darabont walking through the streets of Atlanta as if he owned the entire city, daring cars to hit him. That was a lot of fun." Darabont ventured onto the middle of a street to grasp a perfect shot, oblivious to oncoming traffic.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Atlanta's climate was cited as a potential issue that would hinder production. Darabont recalled that he found it difficult to adjust to the sweltering heat, adding that he "never had clothes stick to me like this in my life". Andrew Lincoln retorted that it was "becoming a running joke that people arrive on set ready for the day and then they are battered and beaten up by the weather." Despite such assertions, he opined that it added to the episode's overall emotion. "There's a lot of hard-earned sweat on camera. It's not comfortable and it's not pleasant, but it's as you would imagine it would be trying to survive in this world."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Principal photography took place in the city on May 15, 2010, after AMC had officially ordered the production of six episodes for the series. Filming took place over two months, ending in early July. Locations were set up in various spots within the central business district, particularly in the Fairlie–Poplar District. The season premiere was shot completely in anamorphic format on 16 mm film. David Tattersall was the director of photography, while production design was headed by Greg Melton and Alex Hajdu. The special effects team included veteran makeup designer Greg Nicotero, special effects coordinator Darrell Pritchett, and visual effects supervisors Sam Nicholson and Jason Sperling.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Computer-generated imagery was used in much of "Days Gone Bye", particularly when Rick encounters a legless walker. "The woman was wearing basically blue stockings and then everything was cleaned out. There is an alarming amount of CGI in the pilot episode and in the whole show, and you would never know it," said Robert Kirkman. Kirkman felt that Stargate Studios, which was chosen by producers to edit the pilot episode, did a splendid job. He stated: "There's a shot where Rick is riding off on the horse and his hat actually blew off, and they really liked that shot, and so they had Stargate go in and digitally put the hat back on his head."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: The show's website released a motion comic based on the first issue of the original comic and voiced by Phil LaMarr. The site also posted a making-of documentary, and other behind-the-scenes videos and interviews. In the documentary, Kirkman as well as artist Charlie Adlard expressed pleasure that the show is faithful to the comic and remark on the similarities between the actors and the comic's original character drawings. Several scenes were screened July 23, 2010 as part of the San Diego Comic-Con in 2010. Hurd asserted that "[they] really are doing six one-hour movies", and Frank Darabont insisted that the series would closely reflect the development in the comics. "The path is a very strong template. But we're going to take every interesting detour we feel like taking. As long as were staying on the path of what Robert has done, I don't see any reason not to. If they have patience we'll eventually catch up to what Robert is doing."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "The Walking Dead" debuted during the same week in 120 countries. "Days Gone Bye" premiered in Hong Kong on TVB Pearl on August 30, 2011, while it expanded in international markets during the first week of November. Two weeks prior to its official US premiere, the contents of the episode leaked online. As part of an expansive campaign to advertise and heighten anticipation for the premiere, international broadcasting affiliates of AMC and Fox coordinated a worldwide zombie invasion event days prior to the U.S. premiere. The event occurred in twenty six cities worldwide, in select locations including the Brooklyn Bridge in New York City, Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., Palace of Westminster in London, Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul, Acropolis of Athens in Athens, and the Museo del Prado in Madrid. The campaign events commenced in Hong Kong and Taipei, and culminated in Los Angeles.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Romance is an underlying theme in "Days Gone Bye". After returning from the hospital, Rick Grimes unsuccessfully looks for signs of his family. Determined to find them, he travels to Atlanta, which is imagined to be a haven because of its proximity to the CDC. Kirkman said of the developing storyline:


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Well, I didn’t know how long the comic book series was going to last. I hoped that it would become a success and survive for years and years. But at that time in my career, it was very early, I had had a lot of books canceled, just because of poor sales. So early on in the book I would move past storylines very quickly. I set up this love triangle and I resolved that story and moved along within the first [few] issues. But there's a lot of story potential to mine there. One of the things that the TV show is able to do is to look at the comic book series with hindsight and go, 'This would probably be something that we could explore more.' And that's what we're going to be doing. So we'll be seeing a lot more of the Lori-Shane-Rick love triangle.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: The scene in which Grimes regains consciousness and investigates his situation is reminiscent of the British horror films "The Day of the Triffids" (1962) and "28 Days Later" (2002). Kirkman insisted that the similarities especially with "28 Days Later" was coincidental. "I saw "28 Days Later" shortly before the first issue of "Walking Dead" was released," he stated. "That first issue came out in October of 2003 and "28 Days Later" was released in the States in June of 2003. So we were working on our second issue by the time I saw it. It was going to be a matter of somehow trying to restage the entire first issue, because it was a very similar coma opening. I made a decision—which I pretty much regret at this point—I said, 'You know what? It's so different [from that point on], I will probably never hear anything about this.' And I was wrong."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: The episode attained 5.35 million viewers, making it the most-viewed series premiere in AMC history. It garnered a 2.7 rating in the 18–49 demographic, translating to 3.6 million viewers according to Nielsen ratings. It subsequently attained the highest rating in the 18–49 demographic among cable television programs that year. Following two encore presentations, total viewership reached 8.1 million. "Days Gone Bye" became the highest-rated cable telecast ever, hitting significantly higher numbers than predecessors "Swamp People" and "Ice Road Truckers" on the History Channel.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: It obtained 2.1 million viewers from the 18–34 demographic and 3.1 million from the 25–54 demographic. It became the highest-rated non-sport cable program of the week, as well as the third highest-rated overall program of the week dated October 30; "Days Gone Bye" was outperformed by a game between the Miami Heat and the Boston Celtics as part of the 2010–11 NBA season and a match between the New York Giants and the Dallas Cowboys as part of the 2010 NFL season. It is the third most-watched installment of "The Walking Dead" first season, scoring less than "Wildfire" (5.56 million), and "TS-19" (5.97 million). "Days Gone Bye" garnered the highest total viewership for a season premiere out of any cable program up until the airing of its successor, "What Lies Ahead", which attracted 7.3 million viewers.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "Days Gone Bye" achieved similar success in European markets. It debuted in 120 countries in 33 languages. In the United Kingdom, the episode acquired 579,000 viewers, with an estimated 315,000 from the 18–49 demographic. It became the most-watched FX telecast of the week dated November 5. The terrestrial premiere (including Ireland and Scotland) aired on Channel 5 on April 10, 2011, garnering 1.5 million viewers. In Italy, "Days Gone Bye" became the highest-rated telecast of the night on pay television, delivering 360,000 spectators. In Spain, the pilot episode attained a 10.2% share in the television market amongst pay television programs, ultimately obtaining 105,000 viewers. It became the highest-rated series premiere on Fox that year.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: The episode performed strongly in Asian markets. In South Korea, "Days Gone Bye" secured 57,000 spectators, subsequently becoming the highest-rated program on Fox that year. In Southeast Asia, total viewership hit 380,000, beating out all Western television programs. "Days Gone Bye" saw its strongest figures in Singapore and the Philippines, where its ratings exceeded the time slot average by 425% and 1,700%, respectively.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "Days Gone Bye" achieved substantial ratings in the 18–49 demographic in several Latin American countries. In Argentina, the pilot episode attained a 3.5 rating in the 18–49 demographic, thereby outperforming the time slot average by 341% and becoming the highest-rated program in its time slot on pay television. It acquired a 2.1 rating in Colombia and Peru, where it exceeded time slot averages by 176% and 970%, respectively. It became the highest-rated program in its time slot on pay television in both countries. "Days Gone Bye" garnered a 1.2 rating in the 18–49 demographic in Venezuela, becoming the highest-rated television program of the day on pay television.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Charlie Collier, the president of AMC, stated that it was "a good day to be dead. We are so proud of this series, its depth of storytelling and the remarkable talent attached. As the network dedicated to bringing viewers the best stories on television, we are so pleased to have the opportunity with "The Walking Dead" to raise the bar within this popular genre and continue our commitment to being the home of premium television on basic cable." Senior Vice President Joel Stillerman ascribed that much of its success came from the storytelling presented in the episode; ""The Walking Dead" is that rare piece of programming that works on so many levels. It is legitimately great storytelling that is not only highly entertaining, but incredibly thought provoking as well. People who are familiar with the comic books know what's coming, but suffice it to say, this is only the beginning of a long, intense, and powerful ride. Long live "The Walking Dead"."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "Days Gone Bye" received critical acclaim. On Rotten Tomatoes, it holds a 100% with an average rating of 8.08 out of 10, based on 12 reviews. The site's consensus reads: "The Walking Dead"s debut delivers intense horror set apart by its focus on tragedy and the human condition—not to mention awesome zombie kills.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Sebastian Liver of "Der Tagesspiegel" insisted that the episode was setting new standards, and elaborated that it illuminates even during its timid moments. Mike Ryan of "Vanity Fair" reflected parallel sentiments, calling it the "best new television show of the year." Ryan felt that the series would broaden the audience of the horror genre, as well as attract new fans. "Finally, a horror show on television for people who hate horror. It's not that "The Walking Dead" isn't scary or doesn't contain gratuitous amounts of gore [...] but, where other horror projects opt for camp, "The Walking Dead" grounds itself in reality." Writing for "The Atlantic", Scott Meslow affirmed that "The Walking Dead" was "as dark, intelligent, and uncompromising as any of AMC's other dramas."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: "St. Louis Post-Dispatch" Gail Pennington appraised "Days Gone Bye" as "genuinely terrifying", adding that despite being too gruesome for her tastes, it was "too engrossing not to watch." Pennington commended the character development in the episode, stating that Frank Darabont "finds time for the human tragedy of the situation." In an A− grade review, "Boston Herald" journalist Mark Perigard said that the pilot episode was a "suspenseful thriller", while Robert Bianco of "USA Today" avouched that it was "one killer of a zombie show." "The Wall Street Journal" writer Nancy deWolf Smith felt that "Days Gone Bye" contained a cinematic quality to it; "The pilot episode [is] so good that it has hooked even a zombie hater like me." Steve West of CinemaBlend praised the episode, calling it "the best pilot since "Lost"s introduction" and "a brilliant examination of what makes us human." Leonard Pierce of "The A.V. Club" gave the episode an 'A−' grade, and described it as a "stunning debut".


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Matthew Gilbert of "The Boston Globe" said that the installment was "fully dynamic and engaging". ""The Walking Dead" is a promising human story built over a sea of grunting corpses. It's a scare-fest at points [...] and it's definitely extremely bloody, as zombie guts splatter all over the place like chunky borscht. The 90-minute premiere is a gory Halloween horror event, for sure." Liz Kelly and Jen Chaney of "The Washington Post" reacted positively to the series premiere, deeming it as a "chilling show", and exclaiming that it had a "very real sense that the world can go completely mad, and stay that way for good." Kris King of "Starpulse" said that it was "a welcome reprieve from the camp-laden world of zombie culture." Josh Jackson of "Paste" gave the episode an 8.8 out of 10. Jackson praised the final moments of the episode, describing it as "epic". IGN's Eric Goldman issued "Days Gone Bye" a nine out of ten, signifying an "amazing" rating. Jeff Jensen of "Entertainment Weekly" evaluated the pilot episode as intense, and felt that it delivered above expectations. He added that it was an "instant classic". Fellow journalist Dan Snierson agreed with Jensen's opinion, complimenting the show for its unpredictability.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: James Poniewozik of "Time" reacted positively to the episode, exclaiming that it "paints a thoroughly convincing postapocalyptic world, both visually and emotionally." "Variety" Brian Lowry avouched that "Days Gone Bye" was "surprisingly fresh", despite having initial thoughts of a stale premise. He wrote: ""The Walking Dead" draws the audience in almost instantly with its cinematic 90-minute pilot, then incorporates tasty soap-like elements meant to animate the ensuing episodes. Although we've seen no shortage of zombies and post-apocalyptic stories, producer-writer-director Frank Darabont has deftly tackled the seemingly perilous task of adapting a comic book about zombies into a viable episodic series." In a three out of four star review, Linda Stasi of "New York Post" summarized, "The zombies are truly scary and disgusting. The survivors are terrific characters, and the gore is enough for any lunatic to love."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: Critics were polarized over Andrew Lincoln's performance. Despite citing that his accent was "dodgy", Pierce lauded Lincoln's acting. "his body language and expression here is totally different now than when we saw him before," he opined. "He's a fast learner." Gilbert referred to his accent as "spotty", while Goldman professed that Lincoln fit into character very well; "For much of the pilot, he's on his own and exudes a lot of believable, shocked emotion, as Rick tries to process what he is seeing. Tim Goodman of "The Hollywood Reporter" felt that Lincoln's performance was one of the episode's drawbacks. He wrote: "One drawback in ["The Walking Dead"] is that Lincoln plays his emotion a little too close to his deputy's badge. We're told – by him – that all he wants to do is find his wife and kid. His belief that they still are alive is the emotional drive of the story, but there's not enough deep pain that seeps up to coat the dialogue Lincoln delivers."


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: At the 63rd Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards, "Days Gone Bye" received nominations for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series and Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Series; and won Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series, Miniseries, Movie, or Special. The episode was nominated for Outstanding Achievement in Sound Editing – Sound Effects and Foley for Episodic Long Form Broadcast Media and Outstanding Achievement in Sound Editing – Dialogue and ADR for Episodic Long Form Broadcast Media at the 2011 Golden Reel Awards. Its editor Hunter M. Via won the American Cinema Editors Award for Best Edited One Hour Series for Commercial Television, while its director Frank Darabont was nominated for Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Drama Series.


title: Days Gone Bye (The Walking Dead)

text: For the show's 100th episode, "Mercy", which aired on October 22, 2017, executive producers Greg Nicotero and Scott M. Gimple wanted to create callbacks to this episode. Specifically, the episode included a near shot-for-shot remake of Rick Grimes searching for supplies among abandoned cars, though in this case, with Carl in his shoes. For this, they recast Addy Miller, now a teenager, as a walker that threatens Rick and Carl. They also recast Joe Giles, who plays one of the walkers that followed Rick off the bus in Atlanta, as a walker in "Mercy". Additional scenes from "Mercy", apparently set in the future, were done to mirror the shots of Rick waking up from his coma in the hospital.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: The Mull of Kintyre is the southwesternmost tip of the Kintyre Peninsula (formerly "Cantyre") in southwest Scotland. From here, the Antrim coast of Northern Ireland is visible on a calm and clear day, and a historic lighthouse, the second commissioned in Scotland, guides shipping in the intervening North Channel. The area has been immortalised in popular culture by the 1977 hit song "Mull of Kintyre" by Kintyre resident Paul McCartney's band of the time, Wings.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: The name is an anglicisation of the Gaelic Maol Chinn Tìre (), in English: "The rounded [or bare] headland of Kintyre", where chinn and tìre are the genitive forms of ceann "head" and tìr "land, country" respectively. The English variant "Cantyre" derives from the phrase ceann tìre "head land".


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: Mull as a geographical term is most commonly found in southwest Scotland, where it is often applied to headlands or promontories, and, often more specifically, for the tip of that promontory or peninsula.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: The term "mull" derives from "bald, bare, baldness, bareness". The geographical reference is to a land formation bare of trees, such as a rounded hill, summit, mountain, promontory or headland.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: The Mull is at the extreme south western tip of the Kintyre peninsula, approximately from Campbeltown in Argyll and Bute, Western Scotland. It is about beyond the southernmost village of the peninsula, Southend with its tea room and beaches, and reached via a single-track road.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: Ailsa Craig and the County Antrim coast of Ulster and Rathlin Island are all clearly visible from the Mull. On clearer days it is also possible to make out Malin Head in Inishowen in County Donegal in the west of Ulster, and the Ayrshire coast on the other side of Ailsa Craig. Other islands in the Firth of Clyde are also visible when looking east, especially from further back along the single track road from Southend village. The Straits of Moyle (part of the North Channel) allow sea passage from the Irish Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. Notoriously strong currents plague the tip of the Kintyre Peninsula creating a hazard to unmotorised craft and virtually impossible for distance swimmers. At its closest point, mainland Ulster is from the Mull. Owing to the low elevation of Rathlin Island and the high elevation of the Mull of Kintyre it is also possible to see over the top of Rathlin Island to the Antrim coastal town of Ballycastle. Individual houses on the Antrim coast and cars travelling along the coast road can sometimes be seen without the aid of binoculars, visibility conditions depending.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: The Mull has been an important landbridge throughout history. It is thought that it was used by early humans in their travels from continental Europe to Ireland via Scotland. In more recent times it was used again by the Scotti when they travelled from Ireland to establish the kingdom of Dál Riata in modern-day Argyll.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: The steep cliffs and hills rising out of the sea on all sides, along with the frequent sea mists, have made the area a hazard to flight. It has been the site of numerous air crashes throughout aviation history, and the remains of some of those crashed aircraft still litter the area.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: On 13 June 1858 the SS "New York", a steamship converted to sail, was wrecked at the south end of the Mull of Kintyre.


title: Mull of Kintyre

text: The Mull of Kintyre test or Mull of Kintyre rule is, according to an urban legend, an unofficial guideline that was used by the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) in the United Kingdom to decide whether an image of a penis could be shown. According to the myth, the BBFC would not permit the general release of a film or video if it depicted a phallus erect to the point that the angle it made from the vertical was higher than that of the Kintyre peninsula, Argyll and Bute, on maps of Scotland. The BBFC has denied that any such 'test' existed, and maintain it is merely a humorous rumour.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Edgerton "Ed" Hartwell II (born May 27, 1978) is a former American football linebacker. He played college football at Western Illinois and was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the fourth round of the 2001 NFL Draft. Hartwell was also a member of the Atlanta Falcons, Cincinnati Bengals, Oakland Raiders and Las Vegas Locomotives.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Hartwell was born in Las Vegas, Nevada, and graduated from Cheyenne High School in 1996. He played college football at University of Wisconsin and Western Illinois University.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Hartwell was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the fourth round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He played for the Ravens from 2001 to 2004. He never missed a game, though he was limited to special teams in 2001. He finished his career with the Ravens with 337 tackles, six sacks and one interception.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: After the 2004 season, Hartwell became a free agent and was signed to a six-year, $26.25 million contract by the Atlanta Falcons. He spent two injury-plagued seasons with the Falcons before being released on March 2, 2007. He played in only 13 games recording 63 tackles and one sack.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: On May 3, 2007, Hartwell signed with the Cincinnati Bengals. However, he was released on September 1 following the preseason and spent the rest of the year out of football.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Hartwell signed with the Oakland Raiders on May 2, 2008. He was released by the team on August 13 after the team signed punter Glenn Pakulak.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Hartwell married reality television personality Lisa Wu-Hartwell in December 2005. Their son Ed Jr. was born May 9, 2007. Lisa also has sons Jordan (b. 1995) and Justin (b. 1998) with ex-husband R&B singer Keith Sweat.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Court records show that Lisa Wu-Hartwell and Ed Hartwell borrowed $2.9 million to buy their suburban mansion in June 2007. Just over two years later, Bank of America paid $1.9 million for the house at a foreclosure sale at the Forsyth County, Georgia courthouse, after the Hartwells defaulted on their adjustable-rate mortgage from the bank.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Ed Hartwell filed for divorce on August 24, 2011; it was finalized October 7, 2011, with the court document giving her name as Sharon Millette Hartwell.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: On New Year's Day 2016, Hartwell married actress Keshia Knight Pulliam. On July 17, 2016, Knight Pulliam announced that she was expecting her first child, a girl, with husband Ed Hartwell. Hartwell filed for divorce on July 25, 2016. Their daughter, Ella Grace Hartwell, was born on January 23, 2017. The divorce was finalized in April 2018, with Knight Pulliam receiving primary custody of Ella while Hartwell was ordered to pay child support of about $3,000 a month.


title: Edgerton Hartwell

text: Hartwell is featured in seasons 1 and 2 of "The Real Housewives of Atlanta", a Bravo TV reality show that follows the life of the Hartwells and several other Housewives and their families. Lisa and Ed Hartwell had several aspiring businesses such as a real estate firm called Hartwell and Associates, a jewelry line called Wu Girls, a t-shirt line called Hart 2 Hart Clothing, a women's clothing line called Closet Freak, and a baby clothing line called Hart 2 Hart Baby.


title: Gökberk Demirci

text: Gökberk Demirci is a Turkish actor known for "Yemin" (2019), "Hayatımın Aşkı" (2016), and "Arka Sokaklar" (2012).


title: Gökberk Demirci

text: Gökberk Demirci, who started his acting career with a minor role in the TV series, "" (2012), is playing the lead actor in the TV series "Yemin" as Emir produced by "Kanal 7".


title: Oral history

text: Oral history is the collection and study of historical information about individuals, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews. These interviews are conducted with people who participated in or observed past events and whose memories and perceptions of these are to be preserved as an aural record for future generations. Oral history strives to obtain information from different perspectives and most of these cannot be found in written sources. "Oral history" also refers to information gathered in this manner and to a written work (published or unpublished) based on such data, often preserved in archives and large libraries. Knowledge presented by Oral History (OH) is unique in that it shares the tacit perspective, thoughts, opinions and understanding of the interviewee in its primary form.


title: Oral history

text: The term is sometimes used in a more general sense to refer to any information about past events that witnesses told anybody else, but professional historians usually consider this to be oral tradition. However, as the Columbia Encyclopedia explains:


title: Oral history

text: Primitive societies have long relied on oral tradition to preserve a record of the past in the absence of written histories. In Western society, the use of oral material goes back to the early Greek historians Herodotus and Thucydides, both of whom made extensive use of oral reports from witnesses. The modern concept of oral history was developed in the 1940s by Allan Nevins and his associates at Columbia University.


title: Oral history

text: Oral history has become an international movement in historical research. This is partly attributed to the development of information technology, which allowed a method rooted in orality to contribute to research, particularly the use of personal testimonies made in a wide variety of public settings. For instance, oral historians have discovered the endless possibilities of posting data and information on the Internet, making them readily available to scholars, teachers, and average individuals. This reinforced the viability of oral history since the new modes of transmission allowed history to get off archival shelves and reach the larger community.


title: Oral history

text: Oral historians in different countries have approached the collection, analysis, and dissemination of oral history in different modes. There are many ways of creating oral histories and carrying out the study of oral history even within individual national contexts.


title: Oral history

text: According to the "Columbia Encyclopedia":, the accessibility of tape recorders in the 1960s and 1970s led to oral documentation of the era's movements and protests. Following this, oral history has increasingly become a respected record type. Some oral historians now also account for the subjective memories of interviewees due to the research of Italian historian Alessandro Portelli and his associates.