title: Joint List

text: The Joint List won 13 seats in the 2015 Knesset elections with 10.6% of the total vote, becoming the third-largest party in the 20th Knesset. Odeh stated that he intended for the alliance to work on shared issues with center-left Jewish opposition parties and seek membership of key parliamentary committees.


title: Joint List

text: One of the party's first actions after the elections was to trade the two seats that, as the third-largest faction, it was entitled to on the Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee for two more seats on the Finance Committee, primarily to better address its constituents' financial and housing concerns.


title: Joint List

text: The Joint List won 15 seats with 12.67% of the vote in the 2020 Knesset elections, remaining as the third-largest party in the Knesset until Yesh Atid split off from Blue and White to lead the opposition. This set a new record for percentage of the vote and number of seats for an Arab party. This was in part due to an increase in support from the Jewish left, as Ayman Odeh's campaigning in Jewish areas helped draw those voters away from the declining establishment left-wing parties.


title: Joint List

text: The Joint List ran in the 2021 Knesset election without the United Arab List (Ra'am), who had withdrawn from it several months prior to the vote; it won 4,81% of votes and six seats, a sharp decline compared to previous elections. Such decline was mainly due to the fact that Ra'am ran separately from the List and to the partial resurgence of the Jewish left (Israeli Labor Party and Meretz), who increased their votes and seats.


title: Joint List

text: The Joint List refused to condemn the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and even refused to attend the speech of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at the Knesset. This position was harshly criticized by Israeli political scientist Dahlia Scheindlin, who dismissed such position as "shameful".


title: Buddy Elias

text: Bernhard Paul "Buddy" Elias (2 June 1925 – 16 March 2015) was a Swiss actor and president of the Anne Frank Fonds, the foundation dedicated to preserving the memory of his cousin Anne Frank.


title: Buddy Elias

text: Bernhard Paul "Buddy" Elias was born in Frankfurt in Weimar Germany on 2 June 1925. His mother, Helene "Leni" Frank, was Otto Frank's youngest sister, Edith Frank's sister-in-law, and Anne Frank's paternal aunt. His father, Erich Elias (his maternal uncle's brother-in-law), became head of the Basel-based Opekta company in 1929 and Bernhard moved there in 1931 with his mother and brother Stephan. Two years later his maternal grandmother Alice Frank joined them. Otto Frank visited his relatives in Basel on a regular basis, often with his daughters Anne and Margot. They also met in Sils Maria, where another relative lived. Buddy had a good relationship with Margot and in particular with Anne Frank, who was four years younger than him and like Buddy loved ice-skating.


title: Buddy Elias

text: In 1947, Buddy joined Holiday on Ice, where he was the star comedian, and toured the world with them for over fourteen years. After returning to Basel he started to work as an actor. He acted on stage in Switzerland, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. In 1965, he married Gertrud "Gerti" Wiedner, an Austrian actress. The couple had two sons, Patrick and Oliver, who became actors. Since 1972, Buddy Elias appeared in almost 80 film and television productions.


title: Buddy Elias

text: Elias was the first cousin and last-surviving close relative of Holocaust diarist Anne Frank, who died in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in February or March 1945. Her "Diary of a Young Girl" became world famous and has been translated in more than 70 languages. The Anne Frank Fonds, founded in 1963 in Basel by Otto Frank, is responsible for the rights of Frank's "Diary of a Young Girl", which until his death in 1980 had been headed by her father. As a Member of the Board of Trustees and as president of the Fonds, Buddy Elias dedicated himself to keeping alive the legacy of Anne Frank. He gave many lectures and interviews about the Holocaust and about Anne Frank. Elias was also committed to projects dedicated to stamping out racism and antisemitism. As a president of the Anne Frank Fonds he decided to bring together the estates of the Frank-Elias family in the Jewish Museum Frankfurt.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: The muscles of respiration are the muscles that contribute to inhalation and exhalation, by aiding in the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity. The diaphragm and, to a lesser extent, the intercostal muscles drive respiration during quiet breathing. The elasticity of these muscles is crucial to the health of the respiratory system and to maximize its functional capabilities.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: The diaphragm is the major muscle responsible for breathing. It is a thin, dome-shaped muscle that separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts, so that its center moves caudally (downward) and its edges move cranially (upward). This compresses the abdominal cavity, raises the ribs upward and outward and thus expands the thoracic cavity. This expansion draws air into the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes, elastic recoil of the lungs causes the thoracic cavity to contract, forcing air out of the lungs, and returning to its dome-shape.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: The diaphragm is also involved in non-respiratory functions, helping to expel vomit, faeces, and urine from the body by increasing intra-abdominal pressure, and preventing acid reflux by exerting pressure on the esophagus as it passes through the esophageal hiatus.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: Along with the diaphragm, the intercostal muscles are one of the most important groups of respiratory muscles. These muscles are attached between the ribs and are important in manipulating the width of the rib cage. There are three layers of intercostal muscles. The external intercostal muscles are most important in respiration. These have fibres that are angled obliquely downward and forward from rib to rib. The contraction of these fibres raises each rib toward the rib above, with the overall effect of raising the rib cage, assisting in inhalation.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: Accessory muscles of respiration are muscles that assist, but do not play a primary role, in breathing. Use of these while at rest is often interpreted as a sign of respiratory distress. There is no definitive list of accessory muscles, but the sternocleidomastoid and the scalenes (anterior, middle, and posterior) are typically included, as they assist in elevating the rib cage. The involvement of these muscles seems to depend on the degree of respiratory effort. During quiet breathing, the scalenes are consistently physically active, while the sternocleidomastoids are quiet. With an increase in the respiratory volume, sternocleidomastoids also become active. Both muscles are simultaneously activated when one breathes in at the maximal flow rate.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: Apart from the above neck muscles, the following muscles have also been observed contributing to respiration: serratus anterior, pectoralis major and pectoralis minor, trapezius, latissimus dorsi, erector spinae, iliocostalis, quadratus lumborum, serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior, levatores costarum, transversus thoracis, subclavius (Kendall et al., 2005). The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle lifts the sides of the nostrils.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: During quiet breathing, there is little or no muscle contraction involved in exhalation; this process is simply driven by the elastic recoil of the lungs. When forceful exhalation is required, or when the elasticity of the lungs is reduced (as in emphysema), active exhalation can be achieved by contraction of the abdominal wall muscles (rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, external oblique muscle and internal oblique muscle). These press the abdominal organs cranially (upward) into the diaphragm, reducing the volume of the thoracic cavity.


title: Muscles of respiration

text: The internal intercostal muscles have fibres that are angled obliquely downward and backward from rib to rib. These muscles can therefore assist in lowering the rib cage, adding force to exhalation.


title: Haywood Nelson

text: Haywood Knowles Nelson Jr. (born March 25, 1960) is an American actor. He is best known for having portrayed Dwayne Nelson in the television series "What's Happening!!", which aired from 1976 to 1979, as well as in its spin-off series "What's Happening Now!!", from 1985 to 1988.


title: Haywood Nelson

text: Haywood Nelson has been a member of the entertainment community for over forty years. Born in New York, he began his career at the age of six with numerous principle on-camera and voice-over national commercials, including Lavoris, Campbell’s Soup, Libby’s, Polaroid, Hot Wheels, Rock’em Sock’em Robots, Johnny Lightening, Aurora AFX, Kodak, Duncan Hines, Milk, Burger King, and Dean Witter.


title: Haywood Nelson

text: Nelson appeared as a co-star in several feature films, including "If You Give a Dance, You Gotta Pay the Band", "Mixed Company" , "This Property Is Condemned", and a featuring role in "Evilspeak". Haywood also spent a two-year run on Broadway in "Thieves". Nelson guest starred on "Kojak" in the episode "The Godson" as Bobby Moore. At the age of 14, he went on to guest star in the television series "Sanford and Son" as the grandson of Whitman Mayo’s "Grady" then acting in the series of the same name, "Grady" in 1975. The next year, in 1976, at the age of 16, Haywood soon landed the role of “Dwayne” in the television series “Cooley High,” which became the ABC hit series “What’s Happening!” for TOY Productions. As a "teenage heartthrob" on a popular television series, Nelson was one of the first Black teen idols. After threes seasons Nelson went on to a short run on the television series "The White Shadow" for MTM Enterprises. Haywood had his studies in Architectural Design and Electronics Engineering interrupted when the cast of "What's Happening!!" was re-united for three seasons of syndication in the series continuation "What's Happening Now!!" for Columbia Pictures Television where he also observed as Technical Director. Later Haywood appeared in an urban dramatic Broadway production at New York’s Lincoln Center Alice Tully Hall, appeared As Himself in the Paramount film "Dickie Roberts" and a role on "The Parkers".


title: Congressional Space Medal of Honor

text: The Congressional Space Medal of Honor was authorized by the United States Congress in 1969 to recognize "any astronaut who in the performance of his or her duties has distinguished himself or herself by exceptionally meritorious efforts and contributions to the welfare of the Nation and mankind". It is awarded by the President of the United States in Congress's name on recommendations from the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The award is a separate decoration from the Medal of Honor, which is a military award for extreme bravery and gallantry in combat.


title: Congressional Space Medal of Honor

text: Although the Congressional Space Medal of Honor is a civilian award of the United States government, it is authorized as a non-military decoration for display on U.S. military uniforms because it is awarded by a federal agency. In such cases, the Congressional Space Medal of Honor is worn as a ribbon "immediately preceding the Prisoner of War Medal.". Interestingly, DoD policy specifically prohibits wear of any non-military awards for valor or service, but the Congressional Space Medal of Honor only recognizes meritorious achievement, so it does not fall under this prohibition.


title: Congressional Space Medal of Honor

text: To be awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor, an astronaut must perform feats of extraordinary accomplishment while participating in space flight under the authority of NASA. Typically, the Congressional Space Medal of Honor is awarded for scientific discoveries or actions of tremendous benefit to mankind. The decoration may also be awarded for extreme bravery during a space emergency or in preventing a major space disaster, or posthumously to those astronauts who die while performing a US space mission. , all 17 astronauts killed on US missions had been awarded the medal.


title: Congressional Space Medal of Honor

text: President George W. Bush awarded the most CSMOH, 16 (14 of them posthumous for the two destroyed space shuttle flights). The 16-year hiatus ongoing since April 2006 is the longest gap between awards.


title: Congressional Space Medal of Honor

text: So far, 28 astronauts have been honored with the award, 17 of which were awarded posthumously for those who died in American spaceflight. Three died in the Apollo 1 fire, seven died in the Space Shuttle "Challenger" disaster, and seven in the Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster. An asterisk indicates a posthumous award. Four of the twelve moonwalkers received the medal (Armstrong, Conrad, Shepard, and Young), but only Neil Armstrong for his lunar mission. The New Nine class of U.S. astronauts (the second group of astronauts selected by NASA) has the most recipients of the medal, with seven. Second is NASA Astronaut Group 8 which received five awards, four for astronauts killed in the "Challenger" Disaster ( is the only group 8 astronaut to receive the award who was not killed in the "Challenger" Disaster).


title: Congressional Space Medal of Honor

text: As of 2022, six recipients are living, four over 80 years old. Frank Borman is the last remaining of the first six recipients of the CSMOH in 1978.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: Shasta Beverages is an American soft drink manufacturer that markets a value-priced soft drink line with a wide variety of soda flavors, as well as a few drink mixers, under the brand name Shasta. The company name is derived from Mount Shasta in northern California and the associated Shasta Springs.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: Shasta began as The Shasta Mineral Springs Company at the base of Mt. Shasta, California, in 1889. In 1928, the name was changed to The Shasta Water Company. It produced bottled mineral water from Shasta Springs in Northern California. The water was poured into glass-lined railroad cars and shipped off for local bottling.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: In 1931, Shasta produced its first soft drink, a ginger ale. Until the 1950s, the company's products were mainly mixers for alcoholic drinks: mineral water, club soda, and ginger ale.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: Shasta introduced new marketing strategies in the 1950s, which became industry standards: the packaging of soft drinks in cans, the introduction of low-calorie (i.e., “diet”) soft drinks, and the distribution of cans and bottles directly to grocers through wholesale channels.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: By the 1960s, Shasta was a well-known brand of sodas and mixers in most of the western United States and parts of the Southwest. During the 1960s, Shasta was purchased by Consolidated Foods (later known as Sara Lee) and was renamed Shasta Beverages. In 1985, it was acquired by the National Beverage Corp., which also owns the similarly marketed Faygo line of soft drinks.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: In addition to soft drinks, Shasta Beverages produces club soda and tonic water for mixing alcoholic drinks.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: These are the soft drink flavors that have been discontinued by Shasta Beverages, including a line of flavors targeting Hispanic consumers(‡) that was introduced in 2007.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: In 1993, Shasta Beverages offered flavors such as Mario Punch and Princess Toadstool Cherry, which were produced in 8-ounce cans and marketed to children.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: From 2003 to 2006, Shasta Beverages sold soft drinks called Shasta Shortz that were also marketed to children. Shasta Shortz products were produced in 8-ounce cans and had sweeter, more candy-like flavors, including Bubble Gum, Camo Orange Creme, Chillin' Cherry Punch, Cotton Candy, Rah-Rah Root Beer, and Red Grape Stain.


title: Shasta (soft drink)

text: Shasta Beverages uses high-fructose corn syrup as the sugar source in their drinks. Shasta diet soft drinks use sucralose and acesulfame potassium as non-nutritive sweeteners. Some of their sugar-based drinks, including their cola, use a combination of high-fructose corn syrup and sucralose. Ingredients for some of their sodas are as follows (in decreasing order by % of product):


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Richard Joseph Hill (born March 11, 1980), nicknamed "Dick Mountain", is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs, Baltimore Orioles, Boston Red Sox, Cleveland Indians, Los Angeles Dodgers, Minnesota Twins, Tampa Bay Rays and New York Mets. He played college baseball for the Michigan Wolverines. Hill was drafted three times in the Major League Baseball draft (1999, 2001 and 2002) before signing with the Cubs.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill has earned both American League and National League Pitcher of the Month honors. He is the only pitcher in Major League history to have had a perfect game broken up by a 9th-inning fielding error as well as the only pitcher in Major League history to have a no-hitter broken up in extra innings by a walk-off home run.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill was born and raised in Milton, Massachusetts, and played for Milton High School's varsity baseball team when he was a freshman. He is one of four to do so in the school's history. He was drafted by the Cincinnati Reds in the 36th round of the 1999 Major League Baseball (MLB) Draft; but opted to play college baseball for the Michigan Wolverines.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: As a freshman, he struggled with a 9.23 earned run average (ERA) in 13 games, but he became a full-time member of the rotation as a sophomore, posting a record of 3–5 with a 3.84 ERA in 15 games, including one complete game shutout. In 2000 and 2001, he played collegiate summer baseball for the Chatham A's of the Cape Cod Baseball League.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: He was drafted again in the seventh round of the 2001 MLB Draft by the Anaheim Angels but decided to return to the Wolverines. In his junior season at Michigan in 2002, he was 3–7 with a 3.55 ERA in 15 games, including eight complete games and two shutouts, and striking out 104 while walking only 38.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill was selected in the fourth round of the 2002 Major League Baseball draft by the Chicago Cubs and signed on July 10, 2002. He had been rated as having one of the best curveballs in the draft but mechanical and control issues kept him out of the early rounds. He began his professional career with the Boise Hawks of the Northwest League, where he was 0–2 with an 8.36 ERA in six games. In 2003 with Boise he was 1–6 with a 4.35 ERA in 14 starts and led the Northwest League in strikeouts with 99. He was promoted to the Lansing Lugnuts of the Midwest League, where he was 0–1 with a 2.76 ERA in 15 games (4 starts).


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: In 2004, he was assigned to the Daytona Cubs of the Florida State League. He was 7–6 with a 4.03 ERA in 28 games (19 starts) and 136 strikeouts. He was also selected by Baseball America as having the best curveball in the Cubs organization.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill began the 2005 season with the West Tenn Diamond Jaxx of the Southern League. He made 10 starts for them, with a 4–3 record and 3.28 ERA while leading the league in strikeouts with 90. He earned a May promotion to the Triple-A Iowa Cubs of the Pacific Coast League. In 11 games for Iowa, he was 6–1 with a 3.60 ERA and 92 strikeouts. He earned Milb.com distinctions as breakthrough performer of the year.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill made his major league debut on June 15, 2005, against the Florida Marlins. He pitched one inning of relief, giving up two runs on three hits, and did not factor into the decision. He struck out Carlos Delgado for his first major league strikeout.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill's first start was on July 25, 2005, subbing for the oft-injured Kerry Wood against the San Francisco Giants. Once again he gave up two earned runs, but lasted five innings. The game was memorable due to Hill tripping over third-base on his way to the plate after a Todd Walker drive down the right-field line. With just one out and the Cubs down by one, Walker was forced to stop at first base, and Jerry Hairston Jr. (who was behind Hill) at second. Hill did not score, and returned to third base unhurt. He did not factor into the decision, a Cubs' victory. He finished the season with an 0–2 record in 10 games ( innings) while making four starts. His ERA was 9.13 and he struck out 21 while walking 17.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: In 2006, he started the season in Triple-A with the Iowa Cubs, but was called up on May 4 for a start against the Arizona Diamondbacks. He gained attention in Chicago later in the month during the cross-town classic with the Chicago White Sox. On May 20, Hill lost to the White Sox 7–0, and was the starter in the game that saw A. J. Pierzynski run over Cubs catcher Michael Barrett at the plate in a huge collision. Hill was sent back to Triple-A Iowa the next day. He made 15 starts for Iowa and was 7–1 with a 1.98 ERA and 135 strikeouts. He was selected to the mid-season Pacific Coast League all-star game, where he was the top star, and he was later selected as a postseason all-star and a Baseball America Triple-A All-Star.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill returned to the majors on July 27 with a start against the St. Louis Cardinals. He lasted only innings, giving up four runs on six hits – walking three. On August 1, he defeated the Arizona Diamondbacks for his first major league victory, and on August 6, he got his second win and his first win streak. On September 6, Hill fanned a career-high 11 batters in a Cubs victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates. Hill's first complete game and shutout came versus the Cincinnati Reds in a game in which he fanned 10 and allowed just two hits, on September 16. Hill's two complete games were the only CG's by the Cubs' pitching staff in the 2006 season, and he was one of the solid contributors in the rotation after being called back up, posting a 6–3 record with a 2.93 ERA.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill joined the starting rotation of the Cubs after spring training, and was the #4 starter in the rotation behind Carlos Zambrano, Ted Lilly, and Jason Marquis. He pitched against the Milwaukee Brewers for his first start of the 2007 season, throwing a perfect game through the first five innings, and finishing with allowing just one hit, and one run over 7 innings pitched. He continued to excel during April, leading some to speculate that he was taking over as the ace in the Cubs rotation while he assembled a streak of 18 consecutive innings without an earned run.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill suffered a setback in Philadelphia, where he took his second loss of the season, giving up five runs, and leaving the game before getting any outs in the sixth inning. His next start came in New York City, and produced similar results, which resulted in his third loss. Cubs' manager Lou Piniella pointed to control problems. The troubles continued in San Diego during his next start, where he picked up his third consecutive loss 5–1 to the Padres and gave up four home runs. Piniella extended his analysis of Hill's throwing: "Not the same pitcher that left spring training. He was missing his spots. Some of those pitches that were hit out of the park, the catcher was sitting on the outside corner and the balls are inside, but they might have been outside. He's got to keep working. He's not throwing as hard, either, for whatever reason."


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill rebounded in his next three starts, going twenty-one innings and giving up only two earned runs. Hill matched his career-high with eleven strikeouts against the Braves on June 7, 2007. For the season he was 11–8 with a 3.92 ERA in 32 starts with 183 strikeouts.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill started game 3 of the 2007 National League Division Series against the Arizona Diamondbacks but Chris Young homered off his first pitch of the game and he only lasted three innings, allowing six hits and three runs as the Cubs were swept in the series.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill reworked his delivery during spring training in 2008 after some initial issues with his command but retained his spot in the rotation as the season began. He struggled to start the season, making five starts, and was 1–0 with a 4.12 ERA, striking out 15 but also walking 18. In his final start, against the St. Louis Cardinals on May 2, he walked four of the first six batters he faced and was removed in the first inning. On May 3, he was optioned back to Triple-A Iowa in order to get his control figured out.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill continued to have control problems in the minors and was shut down with a stiff back on May 17. He suffered from various muscle strains the rest of the season, making only 13 starts in the minors for Iowa, Daytona and the Arizona League Cubs, and was 4–7 with a 5.85 ERA and 44 walks. He played for the Tigres de Aragua of the Venezuelan Winter League after the season and was 1–2 with a 6.86 ERA in nine games (six starts), walking 23 while striking out 16.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill suffered an elbow injury in spring training and began the season on the disabled list. He did not make his Orioles debut until May 16, 2009 going with six strikeouts and earning a victory. He started 13 games for Baltimore with a 3–3 record, a 7.80 ERA, and 46 strikeouts in innings. On July 29, it was revealed that Hill had a torn labrum in his left shoulder, and had been pitching through it all season. He was placed on the disabled list for the rest of the season and underwent surgery to repair the labrum on August 8. Hill was outrighted off the 40 man roster on October 30 and elected free agency on November 3.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On January 26, 2010, Hill signed a minor league contract with the St. Louis Cardinals with an invitation to spring training. General Manager John Mozeliak said that Hill had recovered from his surgery and was expected to compete for the fifth starter job. Hill struggled in spring training, which was frustrating for him; he was beaten out by Jaime García in the battle for the fifth starter spot.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill was assigned to the Triple-A Memphis Redbirds, where he had a 4–3 record in 23 games (46 IP) to go with a 4.30 ERA and 47 strikeouts. He only made four starts, and was instead used primarily out of the bullpen for the first time in his career. In June of that year, he opted out of his contract with St. Louis.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On June 30, 2010, Hill signed a minor league contract with the Boston Red Sox. He was assigned to the Triple-A Pawtucket Red Sox. He appeared in 19 games for them, six of which were starts, and had a 3–1 record and 3.74 ERA. Hill was called up to the Red Sox major league roster on September 13 and made his debut with them as a reliever against the Seattle Mariners the following day, retiring the one batter he faced and recording the win. He appeared in six games the rest of the season, working four innings out of the bullpen, striking out three, walking one and allowing no runs to score. At the end of the season, he was outrighted to the minors and became a free agent on November 6.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: The Red Sox re-signed Hill to a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training on December 16, 2010. Hill transitioned to a "sidewinder" pitcher during spring training and outperformed other relievers trying to make the roster, but was optioned back to Pawtucket to start the season. He appeared in 10 games in the minors, pitching 16 innings and had a 1.12 ERA with one save. His contract was then purchased by the Red Sox, and he was called up to the majors on May 5.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On May 29, Hill injured his left throwing elbow and on June 9, and underwent Tommy John surgery to repair a torn Ulnar collateral ligament. In nine games with the Red Sox in 2011, Hill pitched eight innings, striking out 12, walking three and giving up no earned runs. On December 12, Hill was non-tendered, and became a free agent.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On December 30, 2011, the Red Sox again re-signed Hill to a minor-league contract that included an invitation to spring training. His recovery progressed ahead of schedule and he made his first rehab appearance in the minors, with the Greenville Drive, on April 7, 2012. He made 16 minor league rehab appearances, across five different levels, and had a 2.20 ERA with 27 strikeouts and five walks. He rejoined the Red Sox roster on April 27. He experienced renewed soreness in his elbow on June 10 and was placed back on the disabled list. He was diagnosed with a strained flexor muscle and he didn't rejoin the roster until September 1. Overall, he appeared in 25 games for the Red Sox in 2012, with a 1.83 ERA in innings and 21 strikeouts. He was non-tendered on November 30 and became a free agent.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On February 7, 2013, Hill signed a minor league deal with an invite to big league spring training with the Cleveland Indians. Terry Francona, who had been Hill's manager during his time with the Red Sox, was now the manager in Cleveland, and was impressed with his stuff and his comeback from the injury. On March 11, the Indians purchased his contract and added him to the 40-man roster. He made the opening day roster as a relief pitcher.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Over the 2013 MLB season, he appeared in a career-high 63 games, working innings and was 1–2 with a 6.28 ERA. He also struck out 51 batters while walking 29. His average inherited runners stranded rate was 11.88. He was among the leaders in inherited runners stranded with 51. He became a free agent at the conclusion of the season.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill signed a minor league deal to return to the Red Sox on February 9, 2014. The deal included an invitation to spring training. Hill reported late to camp after a family emergency, which caused him to fall behind the other relievers in camp. He did not make the opening day roster, and was instead assigned to Pawtucket, where he had a 3.23 ERA in 25 games.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill was traded to the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim for cash considerations on July 1, 2014. He appeared in just two games for the Angels, both parts of a doubleheader that was played that day. In the first game, he allowed a single and walked two batters and in the second game, he walked the one batter he faced and threw a wild pitch. He was designated for assignment a few days later, without appearing in another game, and then released on July 11.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On July 17, 2014, Hill signed a minor league deal with the New York Yankees and was assigned to the Triple A Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders. With the RailRiders, he appeared in four games and did not allow a run. The Yankees promoted him to the major leagues on August 5. He was designated for assignment on August 29, but was re-added to the roster on September 2. Overall, he appeared in 14 games, working a total of innings with a 1.69 ERA.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On February 27, 2015, Hill signed a minor league deal with the Washington Nationals that included an invitation to spring training. Even though he was signed late after camp had started, manager Matt Williams said they intended to have him compete for a bullpen spot on the team. Despite pitching well in exhibition games, Hill did not make the opening day roster and was reassigned to the Triple-A Syracuse Chiefs on April 4. He expressed his disappointment with the decision. He appeared in 25 games for the Chiefs, working innings for a 2–2 record and 2.91 ERA. He was released by the Nationals on June 24 after exercising the opt out clause in his contract.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill was determined to return from the bullpen to the starting rotation. On July 28, 2015, after not receiving any other offers, Hill signed with the Long Island Ducks of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball as a starting pitcher. He made two starts with the Ducks. On August 9, he struck out 14 batters in six innings against the Camden Riversharks, tying the franchise record. He pitched 11 innings for the Ducks over those two starts, with 21 strikeouts, only three walks and two hits and no runs allowed.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill signed a minor league deal with the Red Sox on August 14, 2015. He made five starts for Pawtucket and was 3–2 with a 2.78 ERA. Hill was brought up from Pawtucket on September 8 and made his first major league start since 2009 on September 13, giving up one hit over seven innings, while striking out 10 batters and walking one. On September 25, Hill pitched a complete game two-hitter while striking out 10 batters for the third consecutive start. In four starts for the Red Sox, he was 2–1 with a 1.55 ERA and 36 strikeouts.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On November 17, 2015, Hill agreed to a one-year deal with the Oakland Athletics for $6 million. After spring training, Hill was named the fifth starter, but ended up starting on Opening Day after planned starter Sonny Gray was hospitalized with a case of food poisoning. With the Athletics, Hill had a 2.25 ERA and a record of 9–3 in 14 starts. Hill was named American League Pitcher of the Month for May 2016 after posting a 5–1 record with a 2.13 ERA and 37 strikeouts in six starts.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On August 1, 2016, the Athletics traded Hill and Josh Reddick to the Los Angeles Dodgers for Grant Holmes, Jharel Cotton, and Frankie Montas. He made his debut as a Dodger on August 24, pitching six scoreless innings and earning the win in a 1–0 game against the San Francisco Giants. On September 10 against the Miami Marlins, Hill pitched seven perfect innings before he was replaced by a relief pitcher. It was the first time in major league history that a manager had pulled a pitcher that late in the game with a perfect game in reach. In six starts for the Dodgers, he was 3–2 with a 1.83 ERA.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill started the second game of the 2016 National League Division Series against the Washington Nationals, pitching well for three innings before allowing a three-run home run to Jose Lobaton in the fourth inning of what became a 5–2 loss. He came back to pitch on short rest in the deciding game five, pitching innings in a game the Dodgers eventually won 4–3. In game three of the 2016 National League Championship Series, Hill allowed only two hits in six innings in the Dodgers victory over the Chicago Cubs. However, the Cubs came back and beat the Dodgers in six games to win the series.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On December 5, 2016, the Dodgers re-signed Hill to a three-year, $48 million, contract. Hill came down with a blister on his left middle finger, an issue that had bothered him throughout the previous season.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Making his first start of the season against the San Diego Padres on April 5, 2017, Hill pitched five innings, but left the game with the lingering blister on his finger. Two days later, on April 7, Hill was placed on the 10-day disabled list. On April 17, Hill was again placed on the 10-day disabled list due to the same finger blister lingering, marking the second time in almost 11 days that Hill went on the disabled list. He returned to the rotation to earn National League Pitcher of the Month honors in July with a 4–0 record, 1.45 ERA and 40 strikeouts against only 5 walks in 5 starts.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On August 23, 2017, against the Pittsburgh Pirates, Hill was pitching a perfect game through eight innings until a fielding error by Logan Forsythe in the ninth. He remained in the game for the tenth inning but his no-hitter was ended by a walk-off home run by Josh Harrison, which was the first extra-innings walk-off home run to break up a no-hitter (and second walk-off hit, following Harvey Haddix in 1959). This was the first perfect game broken up by a ninth-inning error in MLB history, and Hill became the first pitcher since Lefty Leifield of the 1906 Pittsburgh Pirates to lose a decision despite throwing at least nine innings with one or fewer hits and no walks allowed. For the 2017 season, he was 12–8 with a 3.32 ERA in 25 starts. Hill pitched in one game in the 2017 NLDS, allowing two runs in four innings. In one start in the 2017 NLCS, he limited the Cubs to one run on three hits in five innings, while striking out eight. In two starts in the 2017 World Series, he allowed a total of two runs on seven hits in innings with 12 strikeouts.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Through the first two months of the 2018 season, Hill landed twice on the disabled list due to recurring blister issues in his pitching hand. He was 11–5 with a 3.66 ERA in 25 appearances (24 starts).


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill started in Game 4 of the 2018 World Series for the Dodgers, and pitched through six innings against the Boston Red Sox, having given up only one hit and thrown 91 pitches. He was then controversially pulled from the game by manager Dave Roberts after striking out Eduardo Núñez. The Red Sox scored nine runs after Hill's departure from the game in an eventual 9–6 loss by the Dodgers, who lost the series the next game.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: After beginning the season in the Dodgers rotation, Hill suffered a left forearm strain in a game on June 19 and was placed on the disabled list. He rejoined the team in September and finished the season 4–1 with a 2.45 ERA in 13 starts. He was awarded the Tony Conigliaro Award for having overcome his arm troubles.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On July 29, 2020, Hill made his Twins debut. With the 2020 Minnesota Twins, Hill appeared in 8 games, compiling a 2–2 record with 3.03 ERA and 31 strikeouts in innings pitched.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On February 17, 2021, Hill signed a one-year, $2.5 million contract with the Tampa Bay Rays. Hill was named American League Pitcher of the Month for May. In 19 starts for the Rays, Hill registered a 6-4 record and 3.87 ERA with 91 strikeouts in innings.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On July 23, 2021, Hill was traded to the New York Mets in exchange for Tommy Hunter and minor league catcher Matt Dyer.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: On December 1, 2021, Hill signed a one-year contract to return to the Red Sox. He opened the season as part of Boston's rotation. In late April, Hill spent several days on the bereavement list following the death of his father. He was on the COVID-related injured list from May 6 to May 14. Hill was added to the injured list on July 2, due to a left knee strain, following a start at Wrigley Field. He returned to the team on August 1. In 26 starts with Boston during 2022, Hill posted an 8–7 record with 4.27 ERA while striking out 109 batters in innings.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: During the inaugural MLB Players Weekend in 2017, Rich Hill wore the name "BRICE" on his jersey to honor his son. Hill wore the name "D. Mountain" on his jersey during the 2018 MLB Players Weekend. The name originated when Hill played for the Boston Red Sox in 2015. Teammate Brock Holt thought it would be funny to call him "Dick" for "Richard" and "Mountain" for "Hill", creating the moniker "Dick Mountain."


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill married Caitlin McClellan, a nurse, on November 11, 2007. The couple had two sons, Brice and Brooks. Brooks died in February 2014, aged two months, of lissencephaly and congenital nephrotic syndrome, which Hill wrote about in 2019.


title: Rich Hill (pitcher)

text: Hill was arrested on December 21, 2019, for disorderly conduct and resisting arrest while attending a New England Patriots game at Gillette Stadium, after he allegedly tried to stop police from putting his wife under arrest. The couple had reportedly attempted to enter the stadium multiple times with an oversized bag, in violation of the NFL's stringent rules regarding such matters. All criminal charges were later dropped; the couple paid a total of $1,000 in civil fines.


title: Forget Me Nots

text: "Forget Me Nots" is a 1982 song co-written and performed by American R&B musician Patrice Rushen. It appears on her seventh album, "Straight from the Heart". Making a radical shift in her music, Rushen would continue to harness the particular style of this record all through to her next album "Now", released in 1984.


title: Forget Me Nots

text: The bassline is particularly recognizable, and was performed on the record by session bass player Freddie Washington. The tenor saxophone solo was played by Los Angeles session player and recording artist Gerald Albright, who also appears in the music video of the song. The lyrics are from the point of view of one professing her longing for a rekindling with an ex-lover. In one part of the music video, the girlfriend of the ex turns her attention to another man. As the singer reunites with the ex, they vacate the premises, leaving the now-ex-girlfriend forlorn. She ruminates on the romance's end and sends the lover forget-me-nots, a flower that since medieval times has been given and worn to symbolize enduring love despite absence or separation.


title: Forget Me Nots

text: Brandon Ousley from Albumism wrote in his review of "Straight from the Heart", "There's no better evidence of her refined style than on the album's seminal lead single, "Forget Me Nots". Co-written by Rushen, Freddie Washington, and Terri McFaddin, the propulsive dance-funk classic boasts layers of effervescent synthesizers and lively percussion, all anchored by scintillating handclaps, fingersnaps, and Washington's explosive bass work. After the song's irresistible drum-cum-bass break, noted jazz saxophonist Gerald Albright provides a steamy solo that ascends the infectious groove to new heights. A light, airy toned Rushen reminisces on a dissolved relationship between two lovers. With every emotion and desire she explores in her poised phrasing, she longs to rekindle their union by sending her lover 'forget me nots',—a flower that symbolizes enduring love—in hoping that he won't forget the love they once shared."


title: Forget Me Nots

text: The single had a respectable chart performance in the United States. The song debuted on the "Billboard" Hot 100 at No. 90 on May 1, 1982. It peaked at No. 23 on July 3, 1982. the song became a Top 40 pop (#23), Top 5 R&B (#4), and Top 5 dance (#2) hit on the "Billboard" charts and is the hit for which she is best known. Rushen had a number of songs on the R&B and Dance charts but "Forget Me Nots" was her only top 40 pop hit in the U.S. Around the world, the song was also very popular. In Ireland, the single charted on May 16, 1982, and peaked at No. 19. The song debuted on the United Kingdom chart at No. 72 on April 24, 1982, before peaking at No. 8 on May 29. In New Zealand, the song debuted at No. 45 on August 1, 1982, and peaked at No. 8 on September 26, 1982.


title: Forget Me Nots

text: The single's success culminated in Rushen's scoring her first nomination for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance at the 1983 Grammy Awards. VH1 listed "Forget Me Nots" at number 34 in its list of the "100 Greatest Dance Songs" in 2000 and ranked the song number 85 in its list of the "100 Greatest One-Hit Wonders of the 1980s" in 2009.


title: Forget Me Nots

text: The song was prominently featured in the 1988 film "Big", during the scene where Tom Hanks and Elizabeth Perkins have fun by jumping on a trampoline.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: The Competition Commission of India (CCI) is the chief national competition regulator in India. It is a statutory body within the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and is responsible for enforcing the Competition Act, 2002 to promote competition and prevent activities that have an appreciable adverse effect on competition in India.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: The commission was established on 14 October 2003. It became fully functional in May 2009 with Dhanendra Kumar as its first chairman. The current Chairman of the CCI is Ashok Kumar Gupta, who was appointed to the role in 2018.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: The idea of Competition Commission was conceived and introduced in the form of the Competition Act, 2002 by the Vajpayee government. A need was felt to promote competition and private enterprise especially in the light of 1991 Indian economic liberalisation.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: The Competition Act, 2002, as amended by the Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007, follows the philosophy of modern competition laws. The Act prohibits anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position by enterprises and regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and Merger and acquisition), which causes or likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: The objectives of the act are sought to be achieved through the Competition Commission of India (CCI), which has been established by the Central Government with effect from 14 October 2003. CCI consists of a chairperson and six members appointed by the Central Government. It is the duty of the commission to eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition, promote and sustain competition, protect the interests of consumers and ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: The commission is also required to give an opinion on competition issues on a reference received from a statutory authority established under any law and to undertake competition advocacy, create public awareness and impart training on competition issues.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: An Act to provide, keeping in view of the economic development of the country, for the establishment of a Commission to prevent practices having adverse effect on competition, to promote and sustain competition in markets, to protect the interests of consumers and to ensure freedom of trade carried on by other participants in markets, in India, and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.


title: Competition Commission of India

text: The commission comprises a chairperson and not less than two and not more than six other members appointed by the Central Government. Ashok Kumar Gupta is the current chairperson of the CCI. The members of the Competition Commission of India are:


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone, sold under the brand names Anadrol and Anapolon among others, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication which is used primarily in the treatment of anemia. It is also used to treat osteoporosis, HIV/AIDS wasting syndrome, and to promote weight gain and muscle growth in certain situations. It is taken by mouth.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Side effects of oxymetholone include increased sexual desire as well as symptoms of masculinization like acne, increased hair growth, and voice changes. It can also cause liver damage. The drug is a synthetic androgen and anabolic steroid and hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It has strong anabolic effects and weak androgenic effects.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone was first prescribed in 1959 and was introduced for medical use but shortly after was discontinued due its high lipid toxicity in the year 1961. It is used mostly in the United States. In addition to its medical use, oxymetholone is used to improve physique and performance. The drug is a controlled substance in many countries and so non-medical use is generally illicit.


title: Oxymetholone

text: The primary clinical applications of oxymetholone include treatment of anemia and osteoporosis, as well as stimulating muscle growth in malnourished or underdeveloped patients. However, in the United States, the only remaining -approved indication is the treatment of anemia.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Following the introduction of oxymetholone, nonsteroidal drugs such as epoetin alfa were developed and shown to be more effective as a treatment for anemia and osteoporosis without the side effects of oxymetholone. The drug remained available despite this and eventually found a new use in treating HIV/AIDS wasting syndrome.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Presented most commonly as a 50 mg tablet, oxymetholone has been said to be one of the "strongest" and "most powerful" AAS available for medical use. Similarly, there is a risk of side effects. Oxymetholone is highly effective in promoting extensive gains in body mass, mostly by greatly improving protein synthesis. For this reason, it is often used by bodybuilders and athletes.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone is used for physique- and performance-enhancing purposes by competitive athletes, bodybuilders, and powerlifters.


title: Oxymetholone

text: The common side effects of oxymetholone include depression, lethargy, headache, swelling, rapid weight gain, priapism, changes in skin color, urination problems, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain (if taken on an empty stomach), loss of appetite, jaundice, breast swelling in men, feeling restless or excited, insomnia, and diarrhea. In women, side effects also include acne, changes in menstrual periods, voice deepening, hair growth on the chin or chest, pattern hair loss, enlarged clitoris, and changes in libido. Because of its 17α-alkylated structure, oxymetholone is hepatotoxic. Long term use of the drug can cause a variety of serious ailments, including hepatitis, liver cancer, and cirrhosis; therefore periodic liver function tests are recommended for those taking oxymetholone.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Like other AAS, oxymetholone is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR). It is not a substrate for 5α-reductase (as it is already 5α-reduced) and is a poor substrate for 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSD), and therefore shows a high ratio of anabolic to androgenic activity.


title: Oxymetholone

text: As a DHT derivative, oxymetholone is not a substrate for aromatase and hence cannot be aromatized into estrogenic metabolites. However, uniquely among DHT derivatives, oxymetholone is nonetheless associated with relatively high estrogenicity, and is known to have the potential to produce estrogenic side effects such as gynecomastia (rarely) and water retention. It has been suggested that this may be due to direct binding to and activation of the estrogen receptor by oxymetholone. Oxymetholone does not possess any significant progestogenic activity.


title: Oxymetholone

text: There is limited information available on the pharmacokinetics of oxymetholone. It appears to be well-absorbed with oral administration. Oxymetholone has very low affinity for human serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), less than 5% of that of testosterone and less than 1% of that of DHT. The drug is metabolized in the liver by oxidation at the C2 position, reduction at the C3 position, hydroxylation at the C17 position, and conjugation. The C2 hydroxymethylene group of oxymetholone can be cleaved to form mestanolone (17α-methyl-DHT), which may contribute to the effects of oxymetholone. The elimination half-life of oxymetholone is unknown. Oxymetholone and its metabolites are eliminated in the urine.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone, also known as 2-hydroxymethylene-17α-methyl-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone (2-hydroxymethylene-17α-methyl-DHT) or as 2-hydroxymethylene-17α-methyl-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one, is a synthetic androstane steroid and a 17α-alkylated derivative of DHT.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone was first described in a 1959 paper by scientists from Syntex. It was introduced for medical use by Syntex and Imperial Chemical Industries in the United Kingdom under the brand name Anapolon by 1961. Oxymetholone was also introduced under the brand names Adroyd (Parke-Davis) by 1961 and Anadrol (Syntex) by 1962. The drug was marketed in the United States in the early 1960s.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone has been marketed under a variety of brand names including Anadrol, Anadroyd, Anapolon, Anasterona, Anasteronal, Anasterone, Androlic, Androyd, Hemogenin, Nastenon, Oxitoland, Oxitosona, Oxyanabolic, Oxybolone, Protanabol, Roboral, Synasterobe, Synasteron, and Zenalosyn.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone is one of the few AAS that remains available for medical use in the United States. The others (as of November 2017) are testosterone, testosterone cypionate, testosterone enanthate, testosterone undecanoate, methyltestosterone, fluoxymesterone, nandrolone, and oxandrolone.


title: Oxymetholone

text: The availability of oxymetholone is fairly limited and seems to be scattered into isolated markets in Europe, Asia, and North and South America. It is known to be available in Turkey, Greece, Moldova, Iran, Thailand, Brazil, and Paraguay. At least historically, it has also been available in Canada, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, Poland,The UAE, Israel, Hong Kong, and India.


title: Oxymetholone

text: Oxymetholone, along with other AAS, is a schedule III controlled substance in the United States under the Controlled Substances Act.


title: Don't Cry

text: "Don't Cry" is a song by American hard rock band Guns N' Roses, two versions of which were released simultaneously on different albums. The version with the original lyrics is the fourth track on "Use Your Illusion I", while the version with the alternate lyrics is the 13th track on "Use Your Illusion II". Only the vocal tracks differ, and even then only in the verses; however, in those verses, not only are the words entirely different, but the meter and melody are also slightly different. There is also a third version, officially released only on the single for the song, which was recorded during "Appetite for Destruction" sessions in 1986.


title: Don't Cry

text: The song reached the top 10 in many countries, including peaking at number eight on the UK Singles Chart and number 10 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. In Ireland, "Don't Cry" became Guns N' Roses' second number-one single, and in Finland, it became the second number-one hit from the "Use Your Illusion" albums. The song also topped Portugal's music chart, reached number two in New Zealand and Norway, and peaked within the top five in Australia, Denmark, and Switzerland.


title: Don't Cry

text: Stradlin and Rose wrote the song (with the working title "Don't You Cry Tonight") in March 1985, shortly after Guns N' Roses was formed in Los Angeles. In fact, at a show in Atlantic City, NJ on September 12, 2021, Rose claimed it was "the first song that was written for Guns N’ Roses.” In the Special Collector's Edition of "Rolling Stone" dedicated to the band, Kory Grow quotes Rose:


title: Don't Cry

text: After a low guitar drone, the song evolves into a hard rock lullaby that turns into a hard-hearted kiss-off, ending with an edgy, sustained vocal drone that is more scary than reassuring. In his book "Over the Top: The True Story of Guns N' Roses", Mark Putterford notes the song's contrast with much of the other material on the "Illusion" albums, citing Rose's "deeply ingrained whore/madonna dichotomy" and his "dew-eyed romantic cooing with tenderness." "Don't Cry" features Shannon Hoon of Blind Melon as a co-lead vocalist. Hoon sings an octave higher than Rose, and his voice is placed further back in the mix. In his autobiography, Slash states that Hoon's harmony vocal "made that song all the more soulful." Along with "Estranged" and "November Rain," it forms a narrative inspired in part by the short story "Without You" by Del James.


title: Don't Cry

text: The official music video for the song was directed by Andy Morahan and Mark Racco. John Linson was the producer of the video.


title: Don't Cry

text: Rose commented on the difficulty of filming the video and how certain scenes inspired by his relationship with Erin Everly affected him emotionally:


title: Don't Cry

text: Izzy Stradlin did not attend the music video shoot by the time the band came to film the video and therefore does not appear in the video for the song he co-wrote. A month later, it was announced he had quit the band. A sign saying 'Where's Izzy' can be seen in the video. Stradlin later deemed the multi-million dollar video "a pointless indulgence."


title: Don't Cry

text: "Don't Cry" was performed quite frequently during the early tours and the Use Your Illusion Tour. It was absent from the early legs (i.e. 2001–02) of the Chinese Democracy Tour but reappeared to an extent in 2006, as guitarist Bumblefoot began using an instrumental version of the song as a guitar solo spot. In 2007, during the Bumblefoot solo spot, Axl came on stage to sing along to the solo on two occasions, marking the first times since 1993 that Axl had sung it live.


title: Don't Cry

text: "Don't Cry" made another return during the 2009/2010 World Tour, with Axl singing along with the solo spot on each occasion that it has been played.


title: Don't Cry

text: A recording of the song from the Tokyo Dome was released on the album Live Era '87–'93 and a VHS/DVD. A further recording was issued on "Appetite for Democracy 3D".


title: Renoly Santiago

text: Renoly Santiago (born March 15, 1974) is a Puerto Rican actor, singer and writer known for his appearances in films such as "Dangerous Minds", "Hackers" and "Con Air", and in television series such as "Touched by an Angel" and "".


title: Renoly Santiago

text: Santiago first became known in the United States when he was cast in the 1993 television series "CityKids" as Tito. He co-wrote the Emmy nominated pilot episode of the show. From his participation in "CityKids", Santiago graduated to film, acting as Raúl Sanchero in 1995's "Dangerous Minds". By 1996, he was co-starring alongside some other well-known Hollywood actors in his role as Ramόn Sánchez, a.k.a. the "Phantom Phreak" in "Hackers". He also plays Mikey in "Daylight".


title: Renoly Santiago

text: Santiago starred as Ramón Martínez, a criminal nicknamed "Sally-Can't Dance", in the 1997 film "Con Air". Santiago then took three years off from acting on-screen and starred on Broadway in Paul Simon's "The Capeman" as Tony "Umbrella Man" Hernandez, leader of the gang The Vampires, a role for which he was a 1998 Drama Desk Nominee for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical.


title: Renoly Santiago

text: As a singer, Santiago has recorded with performers Marc Anthony, Paul Simon, Danny Rivera and La India.


title: Renoly Santiago

text: In 2000, he returned to the screen in the low-budget film "Punks", in which he plays Dante, which was shown at the Sundance Film Festival. By 2001, Santiago was back on television, playing Miguel Acosta in the January 7 episode of "Touched by an Angel", making a small appearance in the March 29 episode of "Big Apple" and as Chiggy Rios in "" in the episode "The Faithful'.


title: Renoly Santiago

text: In 2002, Santiago made a film called "The Street King", where he played the character Cesar Rojas. It was not a major hit, and Santiago took another three-year sabbatical from screen acting. Santiago returned to film in 2005, as "Scorpio" in "Just Another Romantic Wrestling Comedy". In early 2011, he starred as Johnny Pacheco in the Hector Lavoe salsa biopic "The King". Santiago will appear in "Grand Street" in which he stars with Kelly McGillis.


title: Renoly Santiago

text: From March 6 to May 8, 2014 Santiago taught professional acting classes at The William V. Musto Cultural Center in his boyhood home of Union City, New Jersey. The ten-week course was initiated as part of the Grace Theatre Workshop, and consisted of monologue and scene studies.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Charles Howard Schmid, Jr. (July 8, 1942 – March 30, 1975), also known as the Pied Piper of Tucson, was an American serial killer whose crimes were detailed by journalist Don Moser in an article featured in the March 4, 1966, issue of "Life" magazine. Schmid's criminal career later formed the basis for "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?", a short story by Joyce Carol Oates. In 2008, The Library of America selected Moser's article for inclusion in its two-century retrospective of American true crime literature.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Charles Schmid was an illegitimate child who was adopted by Charles and Katharine Schmid, owners and operators of Hillcrest Nursing Home in Tucson, Arizona. He had a difficult relationship with his adoptive father, whom his adoptive mother later divorced. When Schmid tried to meet his birth mother, she angrily told him never to come back.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Schmid did poorly in school, but was described as good-looking, intelligent and well-mannered. An accomplished athlete, he excelled at gymnastics and even led his high school to a state championship, but quit the team in his senior year. Just before graduating, Schmid was suspended for stealing tools from the school's machine shop; he never returned to school.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Schmid began living in his own quarters on his parents' property and received an allowance of $300 a month. His parents left him to run on his own with a new car and a motorcycle.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Schmid was called the "Pied Piper" because he was charismatic and had many friends in Tucson's teenaged community. For a time, the members of his teenage would keep the secrets of his murders. His best friends were John Saunders, Richie Bruns, and Paul Graff, the latter of whom lived with him. He spent much of his time on Tucson's Speedway Boulevard, picking up girls and drinking with friends, although he tended to be a loner.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Schmid was a short man who wore cowboy boots stuffed with newspapers and flattened cans to make him appear taller. He used lip balm, pancake makeup and created an artificial mole on his cheek. He also stretched his lower lip with a clothespin to make it resemble Elvis Presley's.


title: Charles Schmid

text: On May 31, 1964, Schmid decided to murder Alleen Rowe, a high school student living with her divorced mother. His girlfriend, Mary French, had persuaded Rowe to go out with Saunders, but Schmid had intended all along to murder Rowe in order to know what it felt like to kill someone. Schmid and his friends took Rowe to the desert, where Schmid and Saunders killed her. Before murdering Rowe, Schmid instructed Saunders to rape her, but he couldn't do it. While the murder occurred, French was waiting in the car and listening to the radio. Afterwards the three buried her.


title: Charles Schmid

text: One of Schmid's many girlfriends was Gretchen Fritz, daughter of a prominent Tucson heart surgeon and community leader. Schmid confided to Fritz that he had murdered Rowe. There were also rumors that Fritz knew of an earlier, unsubstantiated murder that Schmid supposedly committed. When he decided to break up with Fritz, she threatened to use the information against him. Schmid strangled Fritz and her sister Wendy on August 16, 1965.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Schmid confided to Bruns that he murdered the sisters and showed him the bodies, buried haphazardly in the desert. Bruns became increasingly afraid that Schmid was going to murder his girlfriend. Ultimately, Bruns fled to Ohio because his girlfriend's parents were convinced that he was harassing her. Bruns stayed with his grandparents and told them everything he knew about the murders, and flew back to Tucson to help with the investigation.


title: Charles Schmid

text: The mid-1960s, media focused their attention on the Schmid case and trial. "Life" and "Playboy" magazines sent reporters to cover the proceedings. "Time" did features on contemporary life in Tucson and the murders of the young women. F. Lee Bailey, a celebrity attorney who was involved with the Boston Strangler and Sam Sheppard cases of the 1950s and 1960s, was brought in for consultation.


title: Charles Schmid

text: In 1966, Schmid was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death. When the state of Arizona temporarily abolished the death penalty in 1971, Schmid's sentence was commuted to fifty years in prison.


title: Charles Schmid

text: After Schmid's trial and conviction, his adoptive mother and her second husband had owed her son's legal team more money than they possessed. As a result, they ended up living in near poverty in Coolidge, Arizona.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Schmid attempted to escape from prison multiple times, finally succeeding on November 11, 1972, when he and another triple murderer, Raymond Hudgens, escaped from Arizona State Prison. They held four hostages on a ranch near Tempe for a time, ate at a Sonic, then separated, and were finally recaptured and returned to prison.


title: Charles Schmid

text: In the early 1970s, Schmid became interested in poetry. He sent his work from prison to a professor at the University of Arizona, Richard Shelton. "For all the wrong reasons, I critiqued his work and discovered that he was quite talented," Shelton later said.


title: Charles Schmid

text: On March 10, 1975, Schmid was stabbed 47 times by two fellow prisoners. After losing an eye and a kidney, he died from his injuries on March 30, 1975. His body was stolen from the morgue but recovered by police. Schmid's mother chose the prison cemetery for his burial, believing his tombstone would be defaced if he were buried in a public cemetery. He received a Catholic funeral at the prison, although he was not in the casket.


title: Charles Schmid

text: In 1966, Joyce Carol Oates published the short story "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?", about a teenage girl being charmed and menaced by a predatory man; she was inspired in part by the Schmid case. The story is dedicated to Bob Dylan because Oates was also inspired by his song "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue." The story was adapted into a 1985 film "Smooth Talk", in which Schmid's character, Arnold Friend, is played by Treat Williams.


title: Charles Schmid

text: In 1970 John Gilmore published "The Tucson Murders", through Dial Press, New York, a hardcover nonfiction true crime detailing the life and crimes of Charles Schmid, the "notorious pied piper of Tucson". John Gilmore was sent at first by Playboy magazine to do a story on the trial, but after an introduction to Schmid's wife, he managed to meet Charles Schmid and get the exclusive rights to a book. He was in close contact with him and his family during the whole trial.


title: Charles Schmid

text: The 1971 movie "The Todd Killings" is based on the Schmid case, as was the 1994 film "Dead Beat" and the 2005 film "The Lost", adapted from a novel by Jack Ketchum.


title: Charles Schmid

text: Actress Rose McGowan's 2014 directorial debut, "Dawn", was inspired by the events surrounding the murder of Alleen Rowe. It stars Tara Lynne Barr in the role of Dawn Rowe, Hannah Marks as Mary French and Reiley McClendon as Schmid.


title: Charles Schmid

text: The young adult thriller "Half in Love with Death" (Merit Press 2015) by Emily Ross was inspired by the Schmid case.


title: Charles Schmid

text: "I, a Squealer: The Insider's Account of the "Pied Piper of Tucson" Murders" by Richard Bruns is a first-hand account of the murders by Schmid's childhood friend whose information resulted in Schmid's arrest and conviction.


title: Amy Coney Barrett Supreme Court nomination

text: On September 26, 2020, President Donald Trump announced the nomination of Amy Coney Barrett to the position of Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States to fill in the vacancy left by the death of Ruth Bader Ginsburg. At the time of her nomination, Barrett was a Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in Chicago, Illinois. The Senate received word from the president (when a Supreme Court nomination becomes official) on September 29.


text: On October 26, the Senate voted to confirm Barrett's nomination to the Supreme Court, with 52 of 53 Republicans voting in favor, while Susan Collins and all 47 Democrats voted against; Barrett took the judicial oath on October 27. Democrats rebuked Republicans and accused them of hypocrisy, stating that they had violated their own interpretation of the Biden rule, which they set in 2016 when they refused to consider then-President Obama's nomination of Merrick Garland more than nine months before the end of his term. The 35 days between the nomination and the 2020 presidential election marked the shortest period of time between a nomination to the Supreme Court and an election in U.S. history.


text: Under the Appointments Clause (Article II, Section 2) of the United States Constitution, judicial appointments are made by the President of the United States with the Advice and Consent of the United States Senate. Ginsburg was nominated to the Supreme Court by Bill Clinton on June 14, 1993, to fill the vacancy caused by the retirement of Byron White. The confirmation process was relatively short at six weeks, and she was approved by the Senate by a 96–3 vote on August 3, 1993. Ginsburg's tenure on the court led to her being described as one of the most important and iconic Supreme Court justices to liberals since Thurgood Marshall, and she was considered the left's counterbalance to Antonin Scalia on the right.


text: Ginsburg was diagnosed with early-stage pancreatic cancer in 2009. Tumors were also found on her lungs when she sought medical care for broken ribs after a fall in late 2018. Ginsburg's declining health and advanced age raised the prospect of another possible vacancy and subsequent nomination during a presidential election year. On September 18, 2020, Ginsburg died at the age of 87, from complications of metastatic pancreatic cancer. Her death during a presidential election year left eight Supreme Court justices: three were nominated by Democratic presidents, and five by Republicans. Prior to her death, she dictated in a statement through her granddaughter Clara Spera that "[her] most fervent wish is that [she] will not be replaced until a new president is installed."


text: Her death 46 days prior to the election is the second-closest of a Supreme Court justice to a presidential election in United States history; only Roger B. Taney's death in October 1864 was closer. The latest successful confirmation in an election year was when George Shiras Jr. was nominated by Republican president Benjamin Harrison on July 19, 1892. Shiras was confirmed as a Supreme Court justice seven days later, by the Republican controlled Senate on July 26, 1892.


text: During his presidential candidacy in 2016, Trump released a list of jurists he would consider to fill a Supreme Court vacancy, including his first nominee, Neil Gorsuch. An updated short list was released in November 2017. Among the high-profile potential nominees from the list were Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barrett, Britt Grant, Amul Thapar and David Stras, who were all elevated to the courts of appeals by President Trump. In September 2020, President Trump released another list of 20 possible appointees were a vacancy to arise, including Republican senators Tom Cotton (Arkansas), Ted Cruz (Texas), and Josh Hawley (Missouri); of the three senators, Cruz and Hawley later indicated they would decline a nomination.


text: On September 19, 2020, President Trump told supporters at a rally in Fayetteville, North Carolina, "I will be putting forth a nominee next week – it will be a woman". By September 21, Trump said that his list had been narrowed to just five names, with a final nomination to be made on September 24 or 25. As of September 2020, President Trump's complete list of Supreme Court candidates contained 44 names, of whom 12 were women. September 22 news reports identified Barrett, Barbara Lagoa, Joan Larsen, Allison Jones Rushing, and Kate Comerford Todd as the top contenders, with Barrett the frontrunner.


text: On September 26, Trump announced his nomination of Amy Coney Barrett in a ceremony in the White House Rose Garden before an audience of top Washington officials, other dignitaries, and family members. More than 150 people attended; they were told they did not need to wear masks if they had tested negative that day. Chairs for the outdoor ceremony were placed side by side, and there were two crowded indoor receptions. At least 18 attendees tested positive for the coronavirus in the following week: the president, the first lady, Hope Hicks, Senators Tillis and Mike Lee, Notre Dame president Jenkins, former Counselor to the President Kellyanne Conway, and former New Jersey Governor Chris Christie. Contact tracing expert Susie Welty said, "There's probably several super spreader events mixed up in this one scenario." Barrett was present at the event but is reported to have tested positive for COVID-19 in the summer of 2020 and since recovered.


text: Amy Coney Barrett is an American attorney, jurist, and academic who served as a circuit judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Before and while serving on the federal bench, she has been a professor of law at Notre Dame Law School, where she has taught civil procedure, constitutional law, and statutory interpretation. She is a textualist, a proponent of the idea that statutes should be interpreted literally, without considering the legislative history and underlying purpose of the law, and an originalist, a proponent of the idea that the Constitution should be interpreted as perceived at the time of enactment. She had been on Trump's list of potential Supreme Court nominees since soon after her 2017 Seventh Circuit bench confirmation hearing. While not a formal endorsement, the American Bar Association's Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary rated Coney Barrett "Well Qualified" to serve on the Supreme Court, although a minority voted to rate her merely "qualified".


text: U.S. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell vowed to bring a Trump nominee to replace Ginsburg to a confirmation vote in the Senate. He distinguished the refusal of the Senate to allow a vote for Garland by stating that the Republicans successfully retaining control of the Senate in the 2018 elections gave them a mandate to fill a vacancy that Obama, in his last year as a "lame-duck president", did not possess:


text: Two Republican senators, Susan Collins of Maine and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, said the Senate should not vote on Barrett's nomination until after the presidential election. Collins said, "In fairness to the American people ... the decision on a lifetime appointment to the Supreme Court should be made by the President who is elected on November 3rd." Senator Mitt Romney said that in "the circumstance where a nominee of a president is from a different party than the Senate then, more often than not, the Senate does not confirm. So the Garland decision was consistent with that. On the other hand, when there's a nominee of a party that is in the same party as the Senate, then typically they do confirm." Trump said that the Republican Party has an "obligation" to replace Ginsburg as soon as possible, and that previous vacancies in an election year all resulted in a timely nomination by the incumbent.


text: Immediately after Ginsburg's death was announced, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer tweeted: "The American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court Justice. Therefore, this vacancy should not be filled until we have a new president", echoing verbatim a quote McConnell made in 2016 regarding the vacancy left by Scalia's death. Massachusetts senator Ed Markey stated that, if McConnell violated the precedent set by the Garland nomination and held a confirmation vote, then Democrats should consider "expanding the Supreme Court"; the number of Justices has been set in law at nine since 1869, and since then only Franklin D. Roosevelt has made a serious attempt to increase the number of justices on the court (his "court-packing plan", intended to ensure that his New Deal economic reforms would be ruled constitutional).


text: In a conference call with the Senate Democratic Caucus on September 19, Schumer said that "nothing was off the table" if the Republicans began the process of filling the vacant seat and specifically mentioned an increase in court membership and complete abolition of the Senate filibuster. After Barrett was nominated, Schumer announced his strong opposition, saying that she "seems to be intent on undoing all the things that Ginsburg did," that her confirmation would put at risk "just about everything that America believes in and stands for when it comes to issues like health care, labor rights and LGBTQ rights and women's rights," and that "A vote for Amy Coney Barrett is a dagger aimed at the heart of the health care protections Americans so desperately need and want". Schumer scoffed at Leader McConnell's assertion that such claims are "hysterical".


text: Schumer said he would not meet with Barrett, primarily because "the whole [nomination] process has been illegitimate." Additional Democratic party senators who have said that they would not meet with her include Jeff Merkley, Bob Casey Jr., Richard Blumenthal, and Mazie Hirono.


text: Schumer applied Senate rules that delay its business during the period of the confirmation, such as the "two-hour rule", under whose terms, no Senate committees or subcommittees (except those on Appropriations and Budget) can meet after the Senate has been in session for two hours or past 2:00 p.m. unless one of the following occurs: (1) the Senate grants unanimous consent for them to meet; (2) both the majority and minority leaders or designees agree to the meeting, and their agreement is announced on the Senate floor; or (3) the Senate adopts a privileged motion for the meeting. Should a committee meet during a restricted time period without such permission, any action that it takes—such as ordering a bill or nomination reported to the Senate—is "null, void, and of no effect." In response to the two-hour rule being invoked, a Senate committee could cancel its meeting or reschedule it to periods not covered by the rule—for example, in the morning before the Senate has convened or after it has adjourned. The Senate could also recess or adjourn in order for a committee to sit during the hours restricted by the two-hour rule, and in some cases it has done so in order for a committee to hear testimony or act on a measure or matter. Additional obstructionisms available include quorum busting (requiring a quorum call and then having all Democrats boycott, keeping the Senate from conducting business unless enough Republicans are present to establish a Senate "quorum", or majority of all senators); repeatedly raising points of order, which, when appealed, require roll call votes; and having the House of Representatives take up an action that the Senate must address immediately such as a War Powers Resolution. Dick Durbin, the second-ranking Senate Democrat, said that he would meet with Barrett. Durbin also said, "We can slow it down perhaps a matter of hours, maybe days at the most, but we can't stop the outcome."


text: Nancy Pelosi, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, said the House Democratic Caucus were also not ruling out any options other than a government shutdown after "This Week" host George Stephanopoulos asked her whether the House would impeach Trump or the Attorney General, William Barr, to delay confirmation hearings during the lame-duck session.


text: Polls prior to Ginsburg's death highlighted the high interest in the nomination of the next Supreme Court justice. A Fox News poll concluded in early September 2020 showing that 52% of likely voters trusted Biden in nominating the next justice, compared to 45% of respondents trusting Trump's choice. A Marquette Law School poll completed on September 15 had 59% of likely Biden voters rating the Supreme Court as "very important" in their presidential choice; 51% of likely Trump voters responding in kind. The same poll found that 67% of respondents believed that the Senate should hold confirmation hearings in 2020 for any vacancy, with little variation along party lines. Polls conducted by Siena on behalf of "The New York Times" in the Senate battlegrounds of Maine, North Carolina and Arizona and released on the day of Ginsburg's death indicated that voters prefer, 53% to 41%, that Biden must select the next justice.


text: After her death, a poll conducted by Ipsos on behalf of Reuters and released September 20 indicated that 62% of respondents agreed that the vacancy should not be filled until after the election, 23% disagreed, and 15% were unsure; approximately 80% of the Democrats and half of the Republicans polled opposed filling the vacancy. The Ipsos poll also found that potential impact on the election was uncertain: 30% of respondents said the vacancy increased the chances of them voting for Biden; 25% said it increased the chance of them voting for Trump; and 38% said it made no difference. Polls asking about the specific nominee tend to be more favorable than polls about President Trump filling the vacancy. A Morning Consult/"Politico" poll conducted from October 2–4 found 46% plurality support for confirming Judge Barrett as a Supreme Court Justice, with 31% opposed. By October 14, the same poll found support had grown to 48% among registered voters, with just 31% against her nomination entirely. By October 21, the same poll found that support for Barrett had grown to 51% among registered voters, with 28% opposed.


text: The balance of power in the Senate was in favor of the Republicans, by 53 seats to 47, and Mike Pence, as the President of the Senate, would have held the casting vote in the event of a tie. Joe Manchin of West Virginia, the only Democrat to support Brett Kavanaugh's nomination in 2018, pledged to vote against Trump's nominee before the presidential election. Therefore, at least three or four Republican defections would have been needed to deny confirmation to a nominee.


text: Three Republican senators were believed to be possible swing votes against a Trump nomination or nominee: Susan Collins of Maine faced a difficult re-election campaign in part due to her vote to confirm Kavanaugh in 2018; Lisa Murkowski of Alaska was the only Republican senator to oppose Kavanaugh's nomination; and Mitt Romney of Utah was the only Republican senator to vote to convict Trump in his impeachment trial earlier in 2020. Chuck Grassley of Iowa and Lindsey Graham of South Carolina were also subjects of media interest due to statements both men made during the Kavanaugh confirmation regarding another election-year confirmation.


text: On September 20, Collins and Murkowski both reiterated their earlier comments that they opposed holding a vote this close to the election, but did not rule out voting to confirm during the lame-duck session. Murkowski, before the death of Ginsburg, had said that she would not vote to confirm a nominee ahead of inauguration day. A week later she said that she still would vote against holding a vote, but if one were to be held she might vote to confirm, the quality of the confirmation process being a factor. Murkowski, who voted against a motion on the Senate floor to proceed to executive session to consider the nomination, and also against the cloture motion to prevent a filibuster, announced on October 24 that she would vote to confirm Barrett. In a 2018 interview with "The Atlantic", Graham stated that he would "wait 'til the next election" to confirm a justice if a vacancy arose in an election year. However, Graham committed to supporting a Trump nominee in 2020, claiming that the contentious circumstances of Kavanaugh's confirmation, together with the action of the Democrats in removing the power of the minority to block lower-court judicial nominees, had changed the rules. Grassley said that if he were still chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee and this vacancy occurred, he would not have a hearing on it but that since he is no longer chairman and since the nomination is a matter for the Senate leadership, he will "evaluate the nominee on the merits" during the confirmation process. On September 22, Mitt Romney of Utah stated that he supported holding a vote on Trump's nominee to fill the vacancy without committing to vote for the nominee, saying he would vote "based upon their qualifications".


text: By September 21, Graham claimed that the Republicans had the votes to confirm a nominee both in committee and on the Senate floor, and McConnell claimed there was enough time for a confirmation prior to the election. 51 Republican senators supported giving Barrett a hearing, with only Collins and Murkowski in opposition. Following the White House COVID-19 outbreak, there was speculation that Republicans Thom Tillis and Mike Lee could become unable to attend Senate sessions or committee meetings, having tested positive for COVID-19, and therefore could potentially jeopardize Mitch McConnell's plan for a swift confirmation. Sen. Tom Cotton responded by saying that "there is a long and venerable tradition of ill or medically infirm senators being wheeled in to cast critical votes on the Senate floor." However, both Senators recovered and voted to confirm Barrett.


text: Following Trump's formal nomination of Barrett, Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Lindsey Graham announced that committee hearings on the nomination would begin October 12. Once the committee hearings begin, the minority members will have a procedural right to delay the hearing by an additional seven days. Graham said on Fox News that more than half of the Supreme Court justices who have had hearings were done within 16 days or less. "We'll have a day of introduction. We'll have two days of questioning, Tuesday and Wednesday, and on the 15th we'll begin to markup, we'll hold it over for a week, and we'll report her nomination out of the committee on October 22." "Then it will be up to (Senate Majority Leader Mitch) McConnell as to what to do with the nomination once it comes out of committee," he said. Barrett's answers to the Senate's questionnaire as a nominee to the Supreme Court has been made available by the Senate.


text: On October 3, Sen. McConnell said that, due to a coronavirus outbreak affecting the government, there would be no floor votes for two weeks. President Trump had been hospitalized with COVID-19 the previous evening, and three Republican senators had also been recently diagnosed: Thom Tillis, Mike Lee, and Ron Johnson. McConnell said that, on October 19, "we will need all Republican Senators back and healthy to ensure we have a quorum." However, the judiciary committee hearing was to proceed as scheduled with senators participating virtually as necessary. Sen. Johnson stated that even if he still tested positive at the confirmation vote for Coney Barrett, he would attempt to vote by wearing a "moon suit" in the Senate chamber.


text: On October 5, Sen. Graham formally scheduled the confirmation hearing, which began on October 12 as planned and was expected to last four days. Over the course of Tuesday and Wednesday, October 13–14, there were scheduled two rounds of questioning, with each of the 22 members of the Senate Judiciary Committee (12 Republicans and 10 Democrats) to have the chance to ask questions. Senators were scheduled to have 30 minutes each to question Barrett in the first round, with a second round lasting 20 minutes per senator. Barrett did not use notes during her questioning.


text: As the questioning began on October 13, Barrett was asked whether "Roe v. Wade" had been wrongly decided. She refused to answer, noting that there are ongoing cases related to abortion laws: "I can't pre-commit and say, 'yes, I'm going in with some agenda.'" Barrett added "I have no agenda." In refusing to discuss gay rights and the Constitution, Barrett invoked Ruth Bader Ginsburg. She said: "Justice Ginsburg with her characteristic pithiness used this to describe how a nominee should comport herself at a hearing. No hints, no previews, no forecasts. That had been the practice of nominees before her. But everybody calls it the Ginsburg rule because she stated it so concisely."


text: The Senate Judiciary Committee met on Thursday, October 22, and voted to send the Barrett nomination to the Senate floor with a favorable recommendation. The committee vote was 12–0, with all 10 Democrats on the committee boycotting the vote. After the vote the clerk announced, "Mr. Chairman, the votes are 12 yeas, 10 no votes," and Sen. Graham said, "The nomination will be reported favorably to the floor with a unanimous vote."


text: Three types of quorum are applicable to the Senate Judiciary Committee. A quorum in order to discuss business is seven members. A quorum in order to transact business is nine members, two of whom must be minority members. A quorum in order to report measures or matters to the Senate is a majority of the committee. The relevant wording of the rule is: "Seven Members of the Committee, actually present, shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of discussing business. Nine Members of the Committee, including at least two Members of the minority, shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of transacting business. No bill, matter, or nomination shall be ordered reported from the Committee, however, unless a majority of the Committee is actually present at the time such action is taken and a majority of those present support the action taken." Taking a vote constitutes conducting business, and a quorum for conducting business (unlike a quorum to report measures to the Senate) requires two members of the minority, so this vote violated the rules of the committee. A point of order concerning the question of the establishment of a quorum in the committee was later raised on the Senate floor by Sen. Schumer, but it was voted down 53 to 44, with all Republicans—including Senators Collins and Murkowski—voting against it.


text: On October 23, 2020, after a 53–43 vote to proceed to legislative session on the nomination, the Senate went into a rare, short closed session regarding the nomination, then voted 51–46 on a motion to proceed to executive session. There were a number of other procedural votes regarding tabling the nomination or recommitting it to the Judiciary committee raised by Senator Schumer. Also on October 23, Senator McConnell filed a cloture motion to end debate. An intervening day is required before a cloture vote can take place.


text: In 2017 the number of senators required to invoke cloture on Supreme Court nominations was reduced from 60 to a majority of senators voting. On October 25, 2020, cloture was invoked by a vote of 51–48. Republican Senators Lisa Murkowski and Susan Collins voted with the Democrats against the cloture motion. Subsequent debate on Supreme Court nominations is limited to 30 hours, which refers to actual floor time, not simply the passage of time. This time is split equally between Republicans and Democrats. If either side elected not to use all of its allotted time the debate would take less than 30 hours. Floor debate began October 25, and continued overnight. In the subsequent confirmation vote on the 26th, the Senate voted 52–48 in favor of confirming Amy Coney Barrett as an Associate Justice to the Supreme Court. Senator Collins was the only Republican to vote against the nominee, with no Democrats voting to confirm her.


title: Time Crisis

text: Time Crisis is a first-person on-rails light gun shooter series of arcade video games by Namco, introduced in 1995. It is focused on the exploits of a fictional international intelligence agency who assigns its best agents to deal with a major threat by a hostile organisation, which has ranged from criminals, terrorists, to hostile military outfits, and mostly take place within fictional locations across the world. The arcade series differed from other light gun shooters of its time by incorporating unique mechanics, including the ability to duck into cover to dodge attacks and reload the player's weapon, and forcing players to complete battles in each level within an allotted amount of time.


title: Time Crisis

text: Over time, the series developed to incorporate additional features of gameplay, including two-player co-operative modes on arcade machines, the ability to use additional weapons in combat, and dealing with dangerous events. Alongside arcade machines, the series was also developed for consoles, beginning with a port of the first installment to PlayStation consoles in 1995, with all ported versions of arcade titles featuring additional content and game mechanics, such as additional stages, and different difficulty modes.


title: Time Crisis

text: Alongside the main games in the series, it has spawned a number of spin-off titles that incorporate the cover mechanics and time limit gameplay elements, but with notable differences in combat situations and organisations involved in each game's story.


title: Time Crisis

text: The setting of each "Time Crisis" revolves around a serious threat to usually one nation. However, some games have involved a threat to the world ("Time Crisis II"), the protagonist ("Time Crisis: Project Titan"), or to the protagonists' organization ("Time Crisis 5"). The V.S.S.E. (Vital Situation, Swift-Elimination), a covert organization, must send in its highly skilled agents to eliminate any security threats. The first "Time Crisis" had three stages with four areas (location where the game starts) each. The second and third installments have three stages, each with three areas. The fourth installment adds a prologue for a total of 4 stages each with three areas (with the exception of the prologue, which has only one area). The fifth installment has an exclusive upgrade kit version of ("True Mastermind" edition, which is the full version of the game) to double the stages from 3 to 6, with 3 areas that were interconnected with each other, thus there would be no breaks/loadings after clearing an area (with the exception of the final stage, which only has one area).


title: Time Crisis

text: Many of the fighting areas are dangerous situations, such as a steadily capsizing ship or a train dangling off a damaged bridge (as in "Time Crisis 3"). In the third and fourth installments, supporters from various organizations come in to assist the V.S.S.E. agents, sometimes to aid them in their mission, sometimes to protect their own reputations. "Crisis Zone" has a different plot. It takes place in the United Kingdom and concerns the S.T.F. (or Special Tactical Force)'s attempt to destroy the U.R.D.A., a terrorist organization. "Razing Storm" and "", which take place in the near-future, involve an elite task force known as S.C.A.R. (Strategic Combat and Rescue) being sent to a South America country during a revolution to capture and defeat the mastermind who has orchestrated an attack on the United States together with several international military organizations, while battling terrorists and other renegade soldiers and other combatants.


title: Time Crisis

text: The first installment, "Time Crisis", was released for arcades in 1995. Its story focuses on Richard Miller, an agent of an international intelligence agency, as he races against time to rescue the daughter of a newly installed president, from a member of the previous regime seeking to reclaim control of their former country. The game introduced several of the gameplay elements that would form the foundation of the series, including combat sections that had to be completed within a strict time-limit and the cover mechanics, and well as introducing the recurring character Wild Dog, who would feature prominently as a boss character in the main series.


title: Time Crisis

text: A port of the game for the PlayStation was released in 1997, supported by the newly launched GunCon light gun peripheral, and included an add-on of new stages set after the events of the main story. These events focus on Miller being assigned to investigate a criminal organisation, operating out of hotel that is a front for a munitions factory, and dealing with its mysterious leader.


title: Time Crisis

text: "Time Crisis II", released for the arcades in 1998, focuses on the efforts of intelligence agents Keith Martin and Robert Baxter, as they attempt to thwart the efforts of a major industrial tycoon from launching a nuclear military satellite in space, and rescue a fellow agent that they kidnapped. The game offered co-operative gameplay between two players for the first time, with the arcade original being launched with linked game machines that featured contrasting coloured light gun controllers. In addition, the original game mechanics of its predecessor were modified for the sequel, including the time-limit system, while incorporating new elements such as each playable character having their own battle situations at times, players receiving a score penalty for shooting the other character, and a new game highlight system for indicating a deadly shot about to hit the player. A port of the game for the PlayStation 2 was released in 2001, supported by the GunCon 2 light gun peripheral, which included enhanced graphics and additional story scenes.


title: Time Crisis

text: "Time Crisis 3", released for the arcades in 2002, focuses on the efforts of agents Alan Dunaway and Wesley Lambert being sent to help thwart the efforts of a hostile nation, who recently took control of a neighbouring country's island, as part of a plan to strike at several countries in its vicinity with tactical missiles. As part of their mission, the pair work alongside Alicia Winston, a local resistance fighter, who seeks to rescue her brother and her men, after they are captured following a failed attempt to destroy the missiles themselves.