title: Martin Cahill

text: With a ransom note requesting payment of €10 million in cash, the Gardaí began investigating. They quickly found that Kavanagh had claimed child allowance during his two-week "capture", and so arrested him. Cahill then planned with Kavanagh to "raid" Kavanagh's home, and show intent to kill the Lacey family by shooting Kavanagh in the leg. Kavanagh was then to call the Irish newspapers from his hospital bed, and claim he was a victim of the Lacey kidnapping gang.


title: Martin Cahill

text: With all gang members from the Lacey kidnapping released on bail, on 18 August 1994, Cahill left the house at which he had been staying at Swan Grove and began driving to a local shop. Upon reaching a road junction (where Oxford Road meets Charleston Road) he was repeatedly shot in the face and upper torso and died almost instantly. The gunman, who was armed with a .357 Magnum revolver, jumped on a motorbike, and disappeared from the scene.


title: Martin Cahill

text: Within hours of Cahill's death, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) claimed responsibility in a press release. The reasons cited were Cahill's alleged involvement with a Portadown unit of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). The unit in question had recently attempted a bomb attack on a south Dublin pub which was hosting a Sinn Féin fund-raiser on 21 May 1994. The UVF operatives were halted by the doorman Martin Doherty. In the ensuing struggle Doherty, who the IRA subsequently announced was a Volunteer in their Dublin Brigade, was shot dead. The IRA further alleged that Cahill had been involved in selling the stolen Vermeer paintings to the UVF Mid-Ulster Brigade led by Billy Wright, alias "King Rat". The Mid-Ulster Brigade then fenced the paintings for money, which they used to fund arms trafficking from South Africa under apartheid. This act allegedly sealed Cahill's fate, and put him at the top of an IRA hit list. In a later statement, the IRA said that it was Cahill's "involvement with and assistance to pro-British death squads which forced us to act".


title: Martin Cahill

text: Another theory surfaced after the publication of Paul Williams' "The General", which claims to have insights from the Garda investigators who were still looking into Cahill's murder. Reputedly, two of Cahill's underlings, John Gilligan and John Traynor, had put together a massive hashish trafficking ring while paying protection money to the IRA and INLA. When Cahill allegedly tried to also extort protection money from them, the Gardaí believe that Traynor and Gilligan approached the IRA and accused Cahill of importing heroin, a drug that the IRA despised and were trying to prevent from being sold in Dublin. Reputedly this, and Cahill's past dealings with the Ulster loyalists, gave the Provisional IRA reason to order his assassination. A further incentive was provided by Gilligan and Traynor, whom the Provisionals allegedly charged a considerable sum in exchange for Cahill's assassination.


title: Martin Cahill

text: Frances Cahill's memoir, "Martin Cahill, My Father", alleges the General detested and steered clear of the drug trafficking.


title: Martin Cahill

text: After a Roman Catholic requiem mass, Martin Cahill was buried in consecrated ground at Mount Jerome Cemetery. In 2001, his gravestone was vandalised and broken in two.


title: Martin Cahill

text: Following the 1996 murder of journalist Veronica Guerin, the Dáil set up the Criminal Assets Bureau, to seize assets of those who were both convicted of crimes, and also seemingly had no obvious means of income. The CAB was set up to focus mainly on high-profile drug dealers but had an open approach to all convicted criminals. Cahill denied that he was ever involved in drug dealing; however, his brother Peter was convicted of supplying heroin in the 1980s.


title: Martin Cahill

text: In 1984, Cahill had bought his growing family a house on the Cowper Downs development, on the southside of Dublin, paying IR£80,000 cash despite having no paid formal employment since he left his first and only job in 1969. On 1 May 2005, under an agreement with his widow Frances, the CAB seized and subsequently sold the property.


title: Martin Cahill

text: Cahill was a diabetic. Cahill was married to Frances Lawless with whom he fathered five children. However, it was also widely rumored that Cahill had, with Frances' approval, a second partner in Frances' younger sister Tina Lawless, with whom it is believed he fathered four further children. This polygamous domestic arrangement was depicted in the 1998 biopic of Cahill's life, "The General".


title: Martin Cahill

text: In 1998 John Boorman (who had lived in Ireland for nearly 20 years) directed a biographical film titled "The General", starring Brendan Gleeson as Cahill. The film won the Best Director award at the Cannes Film Festival. It was based on a book by Irish crime journalist Paul Williams, who was also the crime editor of the Irish tabloid the "Sunday World". Boorman himself once had his home burgled by Cahill, who stole the gold record which Boorman had won for the "Deliverance" soundtrack. This incident is depicted in the film.


title: Martin Cahill

text: The 2003 film "Veronica Guerin" implies that John Gilligan ordered Cahill's murder. In the film Gilligan and Traynor are not portrayed as Cahill's subordinates. Instead, Gilligan appears as a rival mob boss and Traynor as a lower-level associate.


title: Martin Cahill

text: In 2004, a book written by Matthew Hart was released entitled "The Irish Game: A True Story of Crime and Art", which depicted the story of the Russborough House heist in 1986 and Cahill's involvement.


title: Martin Cahill

text: Cahill's eldest daughter, Frances Cahill, released a book in 2008 entitled "Martin Cahill, My Father".


title: Jason Wiles

text: Jason Austin Wiles (born April 25, 1970) is an American actor known for his role in the NBC procedural drama series "Third Watch" from 1999 to 2005.


title: Jason Wiles

text: Wiles was born in Kansas City, Missouri, U.S., and raised in Lenexa, Kansas, where he attended Holy Trinity Catholic School. After school he found employment with the local Parks and Recreation department, having passed up the opportunity to play college football.


title: Jason Wiles

text: In 1990, Wiles began to pursue an interest in film-making, working on the set of the film "Mr. and Mrs. Bridge", filming on location in Kansas City. Not long after, the Stephen King tele-movie, "Sometimes They Come Back", came to town and he worked on the crew as well as appearing in scenes as an extra. After forming some connections while working on these films, Wiles ventured to Los Angeles where he appeared in commercials before landing the lead in an after-school special. In 1994, he had a part in the Bon Jovi music video "Always". 1994 also gave him his first lead role, in the indie movie "WindRunner", appearing with Margot Kidder and Russell Means. In 1995, Wiles made the first of 32 appearances in "Beverly Hills, 90210" as Colin Robbins, a role which gained him some note in Hollywood. In 1999, Wiles garnered the role of Maurice 'Bosco' Boscorelli in the television drama "Third Watch"; he appeared in all six seasons of the show from 1999-2005.


title: Jason Wiles

text: Wiles expanded into directing and writing, as well as theatre. In the summer of 2002, he appeared in the Cape Playhouse production of "Mass Appeal" alongside Malachy McCourt, and in 2003 he was in Imua! Theatre Company's production of "Safe" which was co-written and directed by fellow Third Watch star Anthony Ruivivar. Upon completion of the final season of "Third Watch", Wiles began work on his independent film "Lenexa, 1 Mile" (2006) which he wrote and also directed. Wiles appeared alongside Geena Davis and Donald Sutherland in the TV series "Commander in Chief". He played a soldier in the series "Army Wives", appearing in two episodes. He directed, produced and wrote a 2009 movie, "Play Dead". He had a small part in the 2007 movie "Zodiac". He appeared in 2009's horror thriller remake of "The Stepfather". In the summer of 2010, he co-starred in the NBC drama-suspense miniseries, "Persons Unknown".


title: Jason Wiles

text: Wiles appeared twice in the TV series "Criminal Minds" as a guest. He appears in "Psychodrama" (S2E4) as a bank robber, and in "The Fight" (S5E18) as a father who is held captive along with his daughter.


title: Jason Wiles

text: In 2015, Wiles was part of the main cast for the MTV series "Scream" in the role of Sheriff Clark Hudson.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino () is a multi-purpose stadium located in Turin, Italy. It is the home ground of Serie A club Torino Football Club. The stadium is located in Piazzale Grande Torino, in the district of Santa Rita, in the south-central area of the city. The stadium is currently rated by UEFA as a Category 4 stadium, the highest ranking possible.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: Constructed in the 1930s, and originally known as the Stadio Municipale Benito Mussolini (or colloquially the Stadio Municipale) and later the Stadio Comunale, it was the home of Juventus and Torino until 1990's, when it was abandoned in favour of the biggest and more modern Stadio delle Alpi. After a sixteen-year stint without Serie A football, the stadium was renovated and renamed the "Stadio Olimpico" on the occasion of the 2006 Winter Olympics. In a reversal of 1990, both Juventus and Torino moved back to the Olimpico during the demolition of the Stadium and the construction of the Juventus Arena at the same place,with Juventus using it until the end of the 2010–11 season, and Torino retaining it as their home stadium to the present day.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The stadium was originally named after Benito Mussolini, and was built to host the Games of the fascist year XI, held in 1933 and the World Student Games in the same year.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The Municipal Administration, to shorten the construction time, announced a competition and divided the work among three companies: the stadium (stands, bleachers, and internal works) was entrusted to Saverio Parisi of Rome (and designed by the architect Rafaello Fagnoni and engineers Bianchini and Ortensi); the athletic field, the Tower of Marathon, and the ticket offices to Eng. Vannacci and Lucherini (project architect Brenno Del Giudice, Prof. Colonnetti and Eng. Vannacci), and the indoor pool to the Eng. E. Faletti Company (project architect Bonicelli and Eng. Villanova). The Eng. Guido De Bernardi Company undertook the preparation of fields and slopes.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: Work began in September 1932. The stadium was inaugurated on 14 May 1933 by the Secretary of the National Fascist Party, Achille Starace, at the beginning of the Littoriali. The first soccer match played in the new stadium was between Juventus and Hungary's Újpest FC (6–2), the return leg of the quarter-finals of the Central European Cup, on 29 June 1933.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The original design stage consisted of an ellipsoid ring whose major perimeter was about 640 metres. The base consisted of a tier of white granite, on which a red plaster plinth rested. The 45 degree sloped stands were formed of the same material, delimiting three glass strips for the lighting of the interior, and crowned by a white parapet. Large windows overlooked the field, bounded by concrete pillars that supported the terminal cantilever, which protruded by more than three meters with an inclination of 45 degrees. Access to the interior were made through 27 openings, the main of which led to the grandstand, equipped with a weatherproof roof. The parterre was partly covered by cantilevered terraces that projected over it and was slightly raised in the farthest part from the field.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The playing field measures 70 x 105 metres, surrounded by an athletics track with six lanes, and pits for the shot put and discus, track for the long jump and the top corner. Initially, the curves of the athletics track were designed with three centres. After protests from the national executive Massimo Cartasegna (who had participated as an athlete in the 1908 Summer Olympics), they were redesigned to a single centre. The result, however, was that the track had an abnormal length of 446.38 metres.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: After the stadium's inauguration it hosted several matches of the 1934 FIFA World Cup, held in Italy. In the 1934–35 season, the Stadio Olimpico di Torino began to host matches for the League Cup.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: From the late 1950s, until the 1989–90 season, the stadium hosted the home games of both Turin teams in the Italian championship. The stadium was then abandoned in favor of the Stadio delle Alpi, built for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. Between 1935 and 1986, Juventus were Italian champions 16 times (including five consecutive titles between 1931 and 1935), won 7 Italian Cups, several international titles, and one UEFA Cup (1976). For their part, between 1935 and 1976 Torino were 6-time Italian champions (also with five consecutive titles, between 1945 and 1949), and won 4 Italian Cups in the stadium.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: From 1938 until the late 1950s, the stadium also housed the headquarters of the provisional Automobile Museum (opened in 1939).


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: It served as the main venue of the Summer Universiade two times in 1959 and 1970, hosted the 1970 Women's World Cup Final. In the 1980s the stadium was renamed "Vittorio Pozzo", in homage to the coach who was twice World Champion with the Italy national football team in 1934 and 1938, who also coached Torino between 1912 and 1922.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: With the construction of Stadio delle Alpi biggest and more modern, the Communale Stadium was used less and less, only accommodating the Juventus coaching activities (until 2003) and, from 2004, those of Turin.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: In 1998, when Turin was proposing to host the 2006 Winter Olympics, the Stadium and its surroundings were originally planned to be involved in the event,as the opening and closing ceremonies are originally scheduled for the Stadio Delle Alpi and the PalaAlpi was planned to be built in another neighborhood of the city. When it was realized that the original project would not be viable, it was decided to change and rehabilitate the stadium area and build a multipurpuse arena on anxiliary side.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: Following agreements with the City that entrusted the Stadio delle Alpi to Juventus, the Municipal Stadium was assigned to Torino, and had to be reconstructed and would be operational in late 2005,as the opening and closing ceremonies of the Winter Olympics were now scheduled for the venus. However, due to the non-registration of the company grenade Championship (sanctioned definitively 9 August 2005), the City of Turin is the owner of the stadium and returned to complete the reconstruction.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The renovation project, supervised by Verona architects Giovanni Cenna Architetto e Arteco, based on Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys restoration project, maintained the existing structures, subject to the constraints of the Superintendency of Environmental and Architectural Heritage, and added new structures to complete the coverage of the entire structure, and a third ring of tiers structurally continuous with the existing roof and with a closed section hosting 44 boxes. Approximately one third of the lining of the roof is translucent plastic, to avoid as much as possible damage caused to the turf due to less sunlight from the shadow of the roof. The total capacity is 27,168 seats, all covered and seated, lower more than the half of the original capacity (originally the facility could accommodate 65,000 people standing) to meet modern safety standards.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: For the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games and the opening of the Paralympics, around 8,000 temporary chairs were placed on the stadium field, in addition to huge metallic structures that were added to be used during the events.With this,totaling a capacity of 35,000 people to meet the minimum requirements of the International Olympic Committee and transform the ceremonies into something more intimate than the previous ones.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The modernization efforts, included in the internal structure of the Stadium, a new main building on the ground floor of a commercial area of 1,163 square meters; in the north-west, also restored and relocated were the center of sports medicine, all services and offices. Outside was built a new Olympic Park and a new multipurpose arena that hosted the ice hockey tournament during the Winter Olympics. The building and all the whole area around was designed by Arata Isozaki of Japan.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The renovation of the stadium cost near 30 million euros. The Olympic Stadium was officially opened in on 29 November 2005 in a ceremony attended by representatives of italian and local government, the International Olympic Committee members and the TOROC.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: After the 2006 Winter Olympics, the stadium returned to hosting football matches of Torino and Juventus. In 2011, Juventus moved to its new stadium, Juventus Stadium, on the site of Stadio delle Alpi. At the end of the ground-share, Torino can decide to purchase the facility and could rename it "Olympic Stadium Grande Torino", said Mario Pescante on the occasion of the inauguration of the renovated stadium.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: Despite having physically eliminated the athletics track (in its place is a carpet of synthetic grass), the distance between the stands and the pitch has not changed. This caused disappointment among fans, who would have preferred to have the stands closer to the field, as in United Kingdom. However, during the restructuring held after the Winter Olympics, a new parterre was built, bringing the crowd closer to the front rows. 80 seats are reserved for disabled spectators in wheelchairs, including 64 located in two tribunes raised in the parterre of the first ring of separate stations, 12 in the grandstand and 4 in the boxes.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The Olympic Stadium was the first stadium in Italy to fully comply with the dictates of the "Pisanu Law" on stadium security. More than 80 surveillance cameras allow the police to locate and identify perpetrators of violence. The glass enclosure that separates the field from the spectators area, is movable. It is high, but during games that do not raise risk of public policy may be lowered to . Furthermore, the use of technology was high: heating coils were placed below the field for use during cold temperatures and, in case of rain, an automatic system can cover the ground.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: During its first two years of use, from 2006 to 2008, two separate security zones separated the opposing fans; the actual capacity was limited to 25,500 seats. During the summer of 2008 extensive renovations were made, in view of the return of Juventus to the Champions League. 1,350 new seats were installed on strategic places, in four rows behind the first row of the gallery, creating a new ring on the area of the old track. To promote visibility of spectators in these new rows, barriers have been lowered to 1.10 meters, compared to the previous 2.20 meters. Finally, 650 seats were recovered with the downsizing of guest areas. The capacity thus became approximately 27,500 seats.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: During the summer of 2009, more work was performed. The parapet separation was lowered to 1.10 meters in all sectors and 444 new seats were added in the parterre, bringing the total stadium capacity to 27,994 seats.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: Moreover, in the summer of 2012, have been eliminated also the barriers that divided the Curva Maratona with Maratona Laterale (formerly the guest's sector in the home matches of Juventus in the same season moved to the new Juventus Stadium), allowing a further increase in capacity from 27,994 places in 2009, to 28,140 today.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: In April 2016, the Olimpico was renamed the Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino in honour of the side from the 1940s.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: This section of the stadium is traditionally occupied by the nuclei of the most enthusiastically organised Torino supporters during home games. This name has been attributed to the presence, since the time of the Municipal Stadium, in the area behind the curve itself, of a high tower.This tower was planned to mark the finished of the Turin Marathon and other street races and events held in the city.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: Since reopening the facility after the Winter Olympics in 2006, the south bend was renamed the "Curva Primavera" in honour of the Torino youth teams. In Italian, this literally translates to "Spring Curve".


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The Distinguished East (the east area of the stadium) has been the meeting place of families within the facility. On the left side is a separate sector, reserved for fans of visiting teams.


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: The Distinguished West was the most expensive stand of the Olympic Stadium. The second level is where is localized the press tribunes and the boxes of the authorities


title: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino

text: On 9 November 2013, it hosted Italy's end-of-year rugby union international against Australia, who won 50 - 20.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: Sodium triphosphate (STP), also sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), or tripolyphosphate (TPP),) is an inorganic compound with formula NaPO. It is the sodium salt of the polyphosphate penta-anion, which is the conjugate base of triphosphoric acid. It is produced on a large scale as a component of many domestic and industrial products, especially detergents. Environmental problems associated with eutrophication are attributed to its widespread use.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: Sodium tripolyphosphate is produced by heating a stoichiometric mixture of disodium phosphate, NaHPO, and monosodium phosphate, NaHPO, under carefully controlled conditions.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: STPP is a colourless salt, which exists both in anhydrous form and as the hexahydrate. The anion can be described as the pentanionic chain [OPOP(O)OPO]. Many related di-, tri-, and polyphosphates are known including the cyclic triphosphate (e.g. sodium trimetaphosphate). It binds strongly to metal cations as both a bidentate and tridentate chelating agent.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: The majority of STPP is consumed as a component of commercial detergents. It serves as a "builder", industrial jargon for a water softener. In hard water (water that contains high concentrations of Mg and Ca), detergents are deactivated. Being a highly charged chelating agent, TPP binds to dications tightly and prevents them from interfering with the sulfonate detergent.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: STPP is a preservative for seafood, meats, poultry, and animal feeds. It is common in food production as E number E451. In foods, STPP is used as an emulsifier and to retain moisture. Many governments regulate the quantities allowed in foods, as it can substantially increase the sale weight of seafood in particular. The United States Food and Drug Administration lists STPP as Generally recognized as safe.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: Other uses (hundreds of thousands of tons/year) include ceramics (decrease the viscosity of glazes up to a certain limit), leather tanning (as masking agent and synthetic tanning agent - SYNTAN), anticaking agents, setting retarders, flame retardants, paper, anticorrosion pigments, textiles, rubber manufacture, fermentation, antifreeze." TPP is used as a polyanion crosslinker in polysaccharide based drug delivery. Toothpaste.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: High serum phosphate concentration has been identified as a predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. Whilst phosphate is present in the body and food in organic forms, inorganic forms of phosphate such as sodium triphosphate are readily adsorbed and can result in elevated phosphate levels in serum. Salts of polyphosphate anions are moderately irritating to skin and mucous membranes because they are mildly alkaline.


title: Sodium triphosphate

text: Because it is very water-soluble, STPP is not significantly removed by waste water treatment. STPP hydrolyses to phosphate, which is assimilated into the natural phosphorus cycle. Detergents containing phosphorus contribute to the eutrophication of many fresh waters.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: Maharashtra Police (IAST: "Mahārāṣṭra Polīs Sēvā", formerly "Bombay State Police") is the law enforcement agency responsible for the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is headed by Director General of Police, Rajnish Seth (IPS), and headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: It is one of the largest police departments in the country, having about 36 district police units in the state. The Maharashtra Police Department has a strength of nearly 1.95 lakh. It also has 15,000 women in its force.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: During the 17th century (until 1655), the area of present-day Mumbai was under Portuguese control. The Portuguese formed a basic law enforcement structure in this area with the establishment of a Police outpost in 1661.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The origins of the present day Mumbai police can be traced back to a militia organized by Gerald Aungier, the then Governor of Bombay in 1669. This Bhandari Militia was composed of around 500 men and was headquartered at Mahim, Sevree and Sion. In 1672, the judicial overview of police decisions by courts was introduced, although none of the judges had any actual legal training. The situation remained unchanged through the Maratha wars. However, by 1682, policing remained stagnant. There was only one ensign for the whole Bhandari militia, and there were only three sergeants and two corporals.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: In 1936, the Sind Province Police was split from the Bombay Province Police. In 1947, it was renamed to Bombay State Police, following India's independence. After the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the Bombay State Police was divided into Gujarat Police, Mysore Police (later renamed Karnataka Police) and Maharashtra Police.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The Maharashtra Police Headquarters moved into what was known as the Royal Alfred Sailors' Home, in 1896. Construction began on the building in early 1872 and was finished four years later, in 1876. As its name suggests, it was made to accommodate 20 officers and 100 seamen. However, the building was actually conceived to commemorate the visit of the Duke of Edinburgh in 1870. The Duke laid the Foundation stone during his visit.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The Maharashtra government acquired the building in 1928 to house the Bombay Legislative Council. The Police Department subsequently moved in after it was vacated.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The Maharashtra Police Headquarters is in a Grade I listed its heritage building that was built between 1872 and 1876 and designed by Frederick William Stevens (who designed the Victoria Terminus). During the British Raj, it served as the Royal Alfred Sailors' Home, named after Prince Alfred, the second son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, who visited Bombay in 1870. The building was used to house sick European sailors. After 1928, it served as the Legislative Assembly and then the Bombay Council Hall until 1982, when the Maharashtra Police moved into the building.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The State Intelligence Department (SID) came into existence in 1905 as the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) and was renamed to its current name in 1981. It is headed by the Commissioner of Intelligence.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: Maharashtra State Criminal Investigation Department (CID) is a Crime Branch which was established in 1905 and is headquartered in Pune. It is headed by the Additional Director General of Police.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS) unit was created by the Government of Maharashtra in 2004 for countering terrorism. It works in coordination with Central Agencies such as Intelligence Bureau (IB) and Research and Analysis Wing (RAW).


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The Quick Response Team (QRT) was created to protect the coasts of Maharashtra. Since Mumbai is vulnerable to attacks from terrorists and underworld elements, there was a need for a highly trained, motivated, young, fit and fully equipped team to tackle such groups and to terminate hostage situations. This team responds in the shortest time, moves by fastest means, takes action to collect tactical information and neutralizes the threat. They rescue hostages, render assistance to Central forces and other State forces on Government duty. On the occasion of 30th Maharashtra Road Safety Week, Maharashtra Police launched "Cop for a Day" Program, this new initiative allows any citizen to be a part of the Maharashtra Police Force for 1 Day and be associated with different departments within Maharashtra Police


title: Maharashtra Police

text: Anti Corruption Bureau, Maharashtra is an agency of Government of Maharashtra constituted to investigate offences of bribery and corruption falling within the purview of Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 in the state of Maharashtra.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: Force One is an elite counter-terrorism unit of the Maharashtra Police. It guards the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, which is one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world. It was formed by Government of Maharashtra on the lines of National Security Guard (NSG) as a response to the 2008 Mumbai attacks and was commissioned two days before its first anniversary.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: A list of the Indian Police Service (IPS) and State Police Service (SPS) officers of Force One is given below:


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The Highway Traffic Police branch was created in 1993 to monitor operations on Indian roads and highways.


title: Maharashtra Police

text: The State Reserve Police Force (SRPF) was created on 6 March 1948 as a Special Armed Police Force of the State of Maharashtra.


title: Along for the Ride (novel)

text: Along for the Ride is a novel by Sarah Dessen. It was released on June 16, 2009. The novel focuses on Auden West, who never sleeps at night due to her parents' continuous fighting when she was in high school. Before heading off to college, Auden decides to spend her summer before college with her father, his wife and their new baby. Although Auden is at first reluctant, she comes to really like her stepmother and half-sister. Auden also ends up spending her nights making up for her lost childhood with Eli, a loner and insomniac with an intriguing past. She learns that second chances are possible and questions if people can truly change.


title: Along for the Ride (novel)

text: Auden West is an academically accomplished girl who didn't get the chance to enjoy the activities young children often got to do (such as riding a bike) when she was a child. After being accepted into Defriese University upon graduating high school, Auden is not sure on how to spend her summer. After receiving a package from her brother Hollis who is touring Europe, she decides to take up her father's offer to spend her summer before college in the beach town Colby. When she arrives, she hopes she can have some bonding time with her father. However, she is disappointed to find that that will not be the case since her father spends all his time working on his novel. One night Auden heads down to the Tip, a stretch of beach where all the teens hang out. At the Tip she runs into a guy named Jake, with whom she "almost" ends up having a one-night stand with. Feeling guilty and wrong about what she was doing, Auden leaves for home. Early in the morning, she helps out her young stepmother Heidi by supervising her newborn half-sister, Thisbe, while Heidi rests. Auden also helps Heidi run an errand for Heidi's boutique named Clementine's.


title: Along for the Ride (novel)

text: There she meets one of Heidi's employees, Maggie. Maggie's friends Leah and Esther walk into the store and reveal to Maggie that her ex-boyfriend Jake (who she is still in love with) hooked up with a girl the previous night, though they don't know that it was Auden yet. Once they figure out who he hooked up with, Auden ends up briefly explaining to Maggie that she has no relationship with Jake whatsoever. The next day Auden's family decides to head down to the Last Chance diner for dinner. It is clear that Auden's father is irritated since he does not want to leave the house so he can finish his book. Heidi has to go to her boutique on the way to dinner due to a business error, which irritates Auden's father even more. While waiting for Heidi at the diner, Auden is prompted by her father to take care of Thisbe outside. A young man called Eli helps her out by calming down Thisbe.


title: Along for the Ride (novel)

text: At that moment, Heidi appears and thanks Eli, who leaves. She informs Auden that Eli runs the bike shop next to her boutique. She also mentions that Eli has a little brother around Auden's age named Jake. Auden quickly realizes that Eli's little brother Jake is the same Jake she fooled around with. At dinner a dispute rises between Heidi and Auden's father which they leave unresolved. Realizing their fight is not over, Auden does not go home until two hours later. However, Auden arrives at the peak of the fight. Auden stays on the porch and overhears her father say that the only reason he invited Auden was so she can help out with Thisbe. She also overhears Heidi standing up for her and telling her father that he should spend more time with both his daughters. Auden leaves for another three hours and is unsure whether to feel grateful or not for Heidi defending her. Later that night after everyone was asleep, Auden spends the night fixing Heidi's finances. Grateful, Heidi offers Auden a job working on the store's books. After a remark from Auden's father, Auden accepts the job, much to her father's disappointment.


title: Along for the Ride (novel)

text: While Auden works she's treated kindly by the other girls. After a few day, Auden's professor mother comes down to visit. She is highly critical of Heidi and the store for the stereotype of women it projects. Auden's mother notices that her daughter has changed and once Auden defends Heidi. The employees at Heidi's boutique encourage Auden to go to a party with them and there she has an encounter with Eli. They keep bumping into each other, and eventually find out that both of them have nocturnal habits. They start hanging out with each other when night time comes. They do things that Auden hasn't really done before, such as bowling. They start getting closer and eventually kiss for the first time at a bar. Auden asks Maggie if she can teach her how to ride a bike. Maggie agrees to help.


title: Along for the Ride (novel)

text: Jason, Auden's ex-prom date comes around. Auden breaks the friendship between her and Eli because she feels uncomfortable with how different she is becoming. Jason asks Auden to go with him to the Beach Bash, an event Heidi had planned for the end of the summer. Auden accepts. When the Beach Bash comes, Jason turns Auden down again. Auden asks Eli to go with her, but he rejects her and it takes a toll on Auden. However, when Eli and Auden meet again, they talk things out and decide to go to the Beach Bash together and have a great time. At the end of the book, Auden has started university and is at Ray's, a diner she used to regularly visit when she had insomnia, with Eli. They end the novel being a couple again.


title: Along for the Ride (novel)

text: In May 2019, it was announced that the novel, was one of three Dessen books that were picked up by Netflix to adapt into a feature film. On April 22, 2021, Netflix announced Sofia Alvarez would be adapting & directing the film.


title: Don Diamont

text: Don Bruce Diamont (born Donald Feinberg; December 31, 1962) is an American actor. His best known roles include Brad Carlton on "The Young and the Restless" and Bill Spencer Jr. on "The Bold and the Beautiful". In 1990, Diamont was chosen as one of the 50 most beautiful people in the world by "People Magazine", becoming the first daytime actor to receive the honor.


title: Don Diamont

text: After several years as a successful model, Diamont's first major acting role was as Carlo Forenza on "Days of Our Lives". He joined the cast in 1984 after being hired by Ken Corday, and was with the show for a year.


title: Don Diamont

text: Diamont is best known for his portrayal of opportunistic businessman Brad Carlton on "The Young and the Restless". He initially joined the show in 1985 and left the cast in 1996, but returned in 1998, remaining on the show until his character was killed off in early 2009.


title: Don Diamont

text: On March 5, 2009 it was announced that Diamont would be joining the cast of the CBS daytime drama "The Bold and the Beautiful" in the contract role of Bill Spencer Jr. His first air date was May 12, 2009. "Don is a versatile actor with a vast range of talent," B&B's Executive Producer and Head Writer, Bradley Bell, said in a statement, "It is my pleasure to welcome him to B&B. He has also expressed an interest in being a script writer."


title: Don Diamont

text: In 2006, Diamont was voted No. 1 on the Sexiest Soap Hunks of All Time list at the Shrine to the Soap Hunks.


title: Don Diamont

text: He is active with the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, and has a niece afflicted with the illness.


title: Don Diamont

text: In 2018 he took part in the cast of the talent show conducted by Milly Carlucci, "Ballando con le Stelle" (the Italian adaptation of "Strictly Come Dancing" / "Dancing with the Stars")


title: Don Diamont

text: In 2021, Diamont announced that he would appear on "The Young and the Restless" as Bill Spencer Jr. in a crossover event and marking his return since Brad Carlton who is the previous cast after 12 years.


title: Don Diamont

text: Diamont is the son of Judy (née Diamont; died 2006) and Albert Feinberg (died 1987). He has three siblings, two sisters Bette (died 1998) and Elena, and one brother, Jack (died 1989).


title: Don Diamont

text: With his ex-wife Rachel Braun, he has four sons. Diamont married his long-time girlfriend Cindy Ambuehl in Eze, France on June 12, 2012. They are parents to twin boys. After her passing, Don also raised his late sister Bette's son and has counted him as a seventh child.


title: Don Diamont

text: Diamont began using his mother's maiden name when he began acting and modeling after an agent suggested that it was more "rhythmical," but in fact because it was less obviously Jewish-sounding.


title: Don Diamont

text: In the August 15, 2006 edition of "Soap Opera Digest", Diamont discusses his Jewish background and discloses that he did not fully embrace his Jewish heritage until later in life. Coincidentally, his storyline on "The Young and the Restless" (head written by Lynn Marie Latham & Scott Hamner) has paralleled his personal life in some ways. The show has revealed that the persona of "Brad Carlton" is actually "George Kaplan." (For dramatic purposes, the show has explained this by disclosing that George/Brad had to hide his past, and his Jewishness, for his own safety.)


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: Deliver Us the Moon is an adventure-puzzle game video game developed by Dutch game development studio KeokeN Interactive. It was first self-published as Deliver Us The Moon: Fortuna for Windows on September 28, 2018. The game later saw an expanded release on October 10, 2019, with Wired Productions serving as the publisher for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One versions on April 24, 2020. The game was released for Google Stadia on June 1, 2022. The game was also released for PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S on June 23, 2022. "Deliver Us The Moon" was marketed as a science fiction thriller set in an apocalyptic near future; the game follows a lone astronaut who is sent to the moon on a mission to avert humanity's fate towards extinction after Earth's natural resources have been depleted. The original and re-released Windows versions released in September 2018 and October 2019, respectively, and the PlayStation 5 version were met with mixed reviews, while the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One versions were met with more positive reviews by video game publications.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: "Deliver Us The Moon" is a puzzle adventure game experienced at various points of the narrative from either a first-person or a third-person perspective, which is determined by the type of action that must be completed. For example, the camera shifts to a first-person perspective when the player controls a floating robot tied to a puzzle. The player assumes the role of an astronaut who is launched to the moon on board a space shuttle to investigate a series of seemingly-abandoned facilities, where an important resource which plays a vital role in solving an energy crisis on Earth is mined for use.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: The game does not contain any combat sequences, although it is possible for the player character to die as a result of failing a gameplay sequence, necessitating a retry.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: "Deliver Us The Moon" was developed by Dutch video game developers Koen Deetman and Paul Deetman through their company KeokeN Interactive. The Deetman brothers were inspired by their grandfather's passion for astronomy, as well as the science fiction films "" and "Interstellar" by Christopher Nolan for their "rare blend of human realism and high-concept sci-fi". "Deliver Us The Moon" received funding through a Kickstarter campaign, and was a successful submission for Steam Greenlight where it was readily upvoted. A demo version of the game was made available in March 2016 during the ID@Xbox Showcase event at GDC 2016, and it was intended to be released episodically for PC and Xbox One from August 2016.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: The game was initially released for PC as "Deliver Us The Moon: Fortuna" on September 28, 2018. In July 2019, "Fortuna" was removed from sale by the developers, who cited their dissatisfaction with the state of the game when it was launched in September 2018. An expanded version of the game, with the addition of a reworked ending sequence and the "Fortuna" subtitle removed, was released for PC three months later on October 10, 2019, with all purchased copies of "Fortuna" receiving a free update. The game received an update on December 19, 2019, which provides DirectX Raytracing support for PC graphics cards with NVIDIA DLSS and real-time ray traced effects.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: "Deliver Us The Moon" was released for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on April 24, 2020, with Wired Productions as the publisher. A planned port for the Nintendo Switch was planned for release but was later canceled in June 2020. Ports for PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S were scheduled to release on May 19, 2022, but were subsequently delayed to June 23, 2022.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: On March 30, 2022, the Stadia Community Blog announced that "Deliver Us the Moon" will be released for Stadia the following month. Wired Productions followed up with a Twitter update on April 1, 2022, which confirmed that the Stadia port had been delayed. The Stadia port released on June 1, 2022.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: The "Fortuna" and expanded versions of "Deliver Us The Moon" for Windows and PlayStation 5 received "mixed or average" reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic; the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One versions received "generally favorable" reviews.


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: "Deliver Us The Moon" received two award nominations for the 18th Annual Game Audio Network Guild Awards held on May 6, 2020, and won "Best Sound Design for an Indie Game".


title: Deliver Us the Moon

text: "Deliver Us Mars", set ten years after the events of "Deliver Us The Moon", was announced as part of the Future Games Show Spring Showcase on March 24, 2022. It features a new protagonist - Kathy Johannson, who is mentioned as a child in recordings in the first game - who reactivates her companion robot after an apparent ship crash on the planet of Mars. "Deliver Us Mars" is set to launch on both Epic Games Store and Steam PC storefronts, as well as PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S on February 2nd 2023.


title: Cathryn Harrison

text: Harrison was the daughter of the actor and singer Noel Harrison and Sara Lee Eberts and the granddaughter of actor Sir Rex Harrison.


title: Cathryn Harrison

text: Harrison began her career with Robert Altman's film "Images" in 1972. Her later performances included the role of Lily in "Black Moon" (1975), Louis Malle's first film in English, as well as many television programmes including "Portrait of a Marriage" (1990) in which she played Violet Trefusis, Vita Sackville West's lesbian lover.


title: Cathryn Harrison

text: She worked in British television and radio dramas, appearing in "Love on a Branch Line"; a 1989 episode of "Hannay", opposite Robert Powell; and a 1977 Australian film called "Blue Fire Lady". She also appeared as Major Tom Cadman's wife in the ITV series "Soldier Soldier", and played assistant stage manager Irene in the film version of Ronald Harwood's "The Dresser".


title: Juzo Itami

text: , born , was a Japanese actor, screenwriter and film director. He directed eleven films (one short and ten features), all of which he wrote himself.


title: Juzo Itami

text: Itami was born Yoshihiro Ikeuchi in Kyoto. The name Itami was passed on from his father, Mansaku Itami—who was a renowned satirist and film director before World War II.


title: Juzo Itami

text: At the end of the war, when he was in Kyoto, Itami was chosen as a prodigy and educated at Tokubetsu Kagaku Gakkyū (; "the special scientific education class") as a future scientist who was expected to defeat the Allied powers. Among his fellow students were the sons of Hideki Yukawa and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga. This class was abolished in March 1947.


title: Juzo Itami

text: He moved from Kyoto to Ehime Prefecture when he was a high school student. He attended the prestigious Matsuyama Higashi High School, where he was known for being able to read works by Arthur Rimbaud in French. But, due to his poor academic record, he had to remain in the same class for two years. It was here that he became acquainted with Kenzaburō Ōe, who later married his sister. When it turned out that he could not graduate from Matsuyama Higashi High School, he transferred to Matsuyama Minami High School, from which he graduated.


title: Juzo Itami

text: After failing the entrance exam for the College of Engineering at Osaka University, Itami worked at times as a commercial designer, a television reporter, a magazine editor, and an essayist.


title: Juzo Itami

text: Itami studied acting at an acting school called Butai Geijutsu Gakuin in Tokyo. In January 1960 he joined Daiei Film and was given the stage name by Masaichi Nagata. In May 1960, Itami married Kazuko Kawakita, the daughter of film producer Nagamasa Kawakita. He first acted on screen in "Ginza no Dora-Neko" (1960). In 1961 he left Daiei and started to appear in foreign-language films such as "55 Days at Peking". In 1965 he appeared in the big-budget Anglo-American film "Lord Jim". In 1965 he published a book of essays which became a hit, "Yoroppa Taikutsu Nikki" ("Diary of boredom in Europe"). In 1966 he and Kazuko agreed to divorce.


title: Juzo Itami

text: In 1967, when working with Nagisa Oshima on a film "Sing a Song of Sex" ("Nihon Shunka Kō") he met Nobuko Miyamoto. He and Miyamoto married in 1969. Around this time, he changed his stage name to "伊丹 十三" (Itami Jūzō) with the kanji "十" (ten) rather than "一" (one), and worked as a character actor in film and television.


title: Juzo Itami

text: In 1968 he played Saburo Ishihara, the father of Takeshi and Koji during season II, in the series for children Cometto-San. He became well-known for these series in most Spanish-speaking countries, along with Yumiko Kokonoe. who played Cometto-San.


title: Juzo Itami

text: In the 1970s, he joined the TV Man Union television production company and produced and presented documentaries for television, which influenced his later career as a film director. He also worked as a reporter for a TV programme called "Afternoon Show".


title: Juzo Itami

text: In 1983, Itami played the father in Yoshimitsu Morita's "The Family Game", and "The Makioka Sisters" for which roles he won the Yokohama Film Festival and Hochi Film Award for Best Supporting Actor.


title: Juzo Itami

text: Aside from the acting career, he translated several English books to Japanese, including "Papa, You're Crazy" by William Saroyan.


title: Juzo Itami

text: Itami's debut as director was the movie "Osōshiki" ("The Funeral") in 1984, at the age of 50. This film proved popular in Japan and won many awards, including Japanese Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Screenplay. However, it was his second movie, the 1985 "noodle western" "Tampopo", that earned him international exposure and acclaim.


title: Juzo Itami

text: His following film "A Taxing Woman" (1987) was again highly successful. It won six major Japanese Academy awards and spawned a sequel "A Taxing Woman's Return" in 1988. The central character, played by his wife Nobuko Miyamoto who appeared in all his films, became a pop culture heroine. This was followed by his fifth film "".


title: Juzo Itami

text: Itami directed the anti-yakuza satire "Minbō no Onna" as his sixth feature. On May 22, 1992, six days after the release of the film, Itami was attacked, beaten, and slashed on the face by five members of the Goto-gumi, a Shizuoka-based yakuza clan, who were angry at Itami's film's portrayal of yakuza members. This attack led to a government crackdown on the yakuza.


title: Juzo Itami

text: His subsequent stay in a hospital inspired his next film "Daibyonin" (1993), a grim satire on the Japanese health system. During a showing of this film in Japan, a cinema screen was slashed by a right-wing protester.


title: Juzo Itami

text: Itami died on December 20, 1997 in Tokyo, after falling from the roof of the building where his office was located. On his desk was found a suicide note written on a word processor stating that he had been falsely accused of an affair and was taking his life to clear his name. Two days later, a tabloid magazine published a report of such an affair.


title: Juzo Itami

text: However, no one in Itami's family believed that he would have taken his life or that he would be mortally embarrassed by a real or alleged affair. In 2008, a former member of the Goto-gumi, a yakuza group, told a reporter, Jake Adelstein: "We set it up to stage his murder as a suicide. We dragged him up to the rooftop and put a gun in his face. We gave him a choice: jump and you might live or stay and we'll blow your face off. He jumped. He didn't live."


title: Juzo Itami

text: His brother-in-law and childhood friend Kenzaburo Oe wrote "The Changeling" (2000), which is based on their relationship.


title: Daniel Adair

text: Daniel Patrick Adair (born February 19, 1975, in Vancouver) is a Canadian drummer. He is best known for his work with Nickelback and his previous work with 3 Doors Down. He also works with the Canadian band Suspect and the instrumental fusion band Martone.


title: Daniel Adair

text: Adair often uses a quote coined by Gary Player to describe his career: "The harder you work, the luckier you get."


title: Daniel Adair

text: Adair auditioned for guitarist David Martone, a Berklee College of Music graduate, who was starting an instrumental fusion band. This band, named Martone, recorded its first album in 1999.


title: Daniel Adair

text: In 2002, Adair joined the multi-platinum, Mississippi-based band 3 Doors Down, as the touring and studio drummer. (Other drummers were used for video shoots and TV appearances.) During his time with the band they recorded the studio album "Seventeen Days" and live album "Another 700 Miles", toured 14 countries and had multiple TV appearances.


title: Daniel Adair

text: Adair left 3 Doors Down to join the Canadian band Nickelback. In 2005, they released the album "All the Right Reasons" which debuted at #1 on "Billboard" and went multi-platinum.


title: Daniel Adair

text: On October 21, 2007, James Stephen Hart (former frontman of Eighteen Visions) announced that Adair was recording drum tracks for his new band, Burn Halo.


title: Daniel Adair

text: In 2008, Nickelback released their follow-up album "Dark Horse" and the first single on that album, "Gotta Be Somebody", was released on September 29 in North America. The album was produced by Mutt Lange.


title: Daniel Adair

text: In 2011, Adair along with the other band members of Nickelback released "Here and Now". This album includes singles "This Means War" and "Bottoms Up".


title: Daniel Adair

text: Adair holds a private pilot licence, originally learning to fly on ultralight aircraft, and currently owns a Maule M-7. In 2020, Adair was diagnosed with radial tunnel syndrome.


title: Evidence of absence

text: Evidence of absence is evidence of any kind that suggests something is missing or that it does not exist. What counts as evidence of absence has been a subject of debate between scientists and philosophers. It is often distinguished from absence of evidence.


title: Evidence of absence

text: Evidence of absence and absence of evidence are similar but distinct concepts. This distinction is captured in the aphorism "Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence." This antimetabole is often attributed to Martin Rees or Carl Sagan, but a version appeared as early as 1888 in a writing by William Wright. In Sagan's words, the expression is a critique of the "impatience with ambiguity" exhibited by appeals to ignorance. Despite what the expression may seem to imply, a lack of evidence can be informative. For example, when testing a new drug, if no harmful effects are observed then this suggests that the drug is safe. This is because, if the drug were harmful, evidence of that fact can be expected to turn up during testing. The expectation of evidence makes its absence significant.


title: Evidence of absence

text: As the previous example shows, the difference between evidence that something is absent (e.g., an observation that suggests there were no dragons here today) and simple absence of evidence (e.g., no careful research has been done) can be nuanced. Indeed, scientists will often debate whether an experiment's result should be considered evidence of absence, or if it remains absence of evidence. The debate regards whether the experiment would have detected the phenomenon of interest if it were there.


title: Evidence of absence

text: The argument from ignorance for "absence of evidence" is not necessarily fallacious, for example, that a potentially life-saving new drug poses no long-term health risk unless proved otherwise. On the other hand, were such an argument to rely imprudently on the "lack" of research to promote its conclusion, it would be considered an informal fallacy whereas the former can be a persuasive way to shift the burden of proof in an argument or debate.


title: Evidence of absence

text: In carefully designed scientific experiments, even null results can be evidence of absence. For instance, a hypothesis may be falsified if a vital predicted observation is not found empirically. At this point, the underlying hypothesis may be rejected or revised and sometimes, additional ad hoc explanations may even be warranted. Whether the scientific community will accept a null result as evidence of absence depends on many factors, including the detection power of the applied methods, the confidence of the inference, as well as confirmation bias within the community.


title: Evidence of absence

text: In many legal systems, a lack of evidence for a defendant's guilt is sufficient for acquittal. This is because of the presumption of innocence and the belief that it is worse to convict an innocent person than to let a guilty one go free.


title: Evidence of absence

text: On the other hand, the absence of evidence in the defendant's favor (e.g. an alibi) can make their guilt seem more likely. A jury can be persuaded to convict because of "evidentiary lacunae", or a lack of evidence they expect to hear.


title: Evidence of absence

text: A negative claim is a colloquialism for an affirmative claim that asserts the non-existence or exclusion of something. Proofs of negative claims are common in mathematics. Such claims include Euclid's theorem that there is no largest prime number, and Arrow's impossibility theorem. There can be multiple claims within a debate, nevertheless, whoever makes a claim usually carries the burden of proof regardless of positive or negative content in the claim.


title: Evidence of absence

text: A negative claim may or may not exist as a counterpoint to a previous claim. A proof of impossibility or an evidence of absence argument are typical methods to fulfill the burden of proof for a negative claim.


title: Evidence of absence

text: Philosopher Steven Hales argues that typically one can logically be as confident with the negation of an affirmation. Hales says that if one's standards of certainty leads them to say "there is never 'proof' of non-existence", then they must also say that "there is never 'proof' of "existence" either". Hales argues that there are many cases where we may be able to prove something does not exist with as much certainty as proving something does exist. A similar position is taken by philosopher Stephen Law who highlights that rather than focusing on the existence of "proof", a better question would be whether there is any reasonable doubt for existence or non-existence.


title: Black suffrage

text: Black suffrage refers to black people's right to vote and has long been an issue in countries established under conditions of black minorities.


title: Black suffrage

text: Suffrage in the United States has had many advances and setbacks. Prior to the Civil War and the Reconstruction Amendments to the U.S. Constitution some free Black men in the United States were given the right to vote. However, this right was often abridged, or taken away. Following Emancipation, Black people were theoretically equal before the law, including theoretical suffrage for Black women from 1920. Black men were given voting rights in 1870, while black women were effectively banned until the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.


title: Black suffrage

text: When the United States Constitution was ratified (1789), a small number of free blacks were among the voting citizens (male property owners) in some states. Most black men in the United States did not gain the right to vote until after the American Civil War. In 1870, the 15th Amendment was ratified to prohibit states from denying a male citizen the right to vote based on “race, color or previous condition of servitude." This was before the former Confederate States of America implemented "Jim Crow" regulations that had the effect of denying the vote to many Blacks.


title: Black suffrage

text: "Black suffrage" in the United States in the aftermath of the American Civil War explicitly referred to the voting rights of only black men. All women still had many hurdles to face before obtaining this right.


title: Black suffrage

text: The passage of the 19th Amendment, which was ratified by the United States Congress on August 18 and certified as law on August 26, 1920 technically granted women the right to vote. In fall 1920, many Black women showed up at the polls. It was only after the Voting Rights Act was passed nearly a half century later, on August 6, 1965, that black women voted freely.


title: Black suffrage

text: The Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902 restricted the right of Aboriginal Australians to vote in Australian federal elections. This Act was changed in 1962, when the Commonwealth Electoral Act was amended.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: The Mitsubishi ASX (abbreviation of "Active Sports Crossover") is a subcompact crossover SUV manufactured by the Japanese automaker Mitsubishi Motors. During its introduction, it was slotted below the Outlander in Mitsubishi's crossover SUV line-up, until the Eclipse Cross filled the gap between the ASX and Outlander in 2017. It was built on the GS platform closely shared with the Lancer and Outlander.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: For the European market, the second-generation ASX is a rebadged Renault Captur, which will be sold from March 2023.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: The first-generation ASX was first released in the Japanese domestic market on 17 February 2010 as the Mitsubishi RVR. The RVR nameplate is only used in Japan, South Korea, and Canada. It is sold as the ASX in most markets, and also as the Mitsubishi Outlander Sport in the United States, Argentina, Brazil, and Indonesia. In Puerto Rico, it uses both the ASX and Outlander Sport titles.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: The design of the ASX was previewed by the Mitsubishi Concept-cX prototype which was first exhibited at the 62nd Frankfurt Motor Show in July 2007. It is a return to the original concept of offering the platform used for the longer Outlander with reduced seating capacity to five people, while sharing components of the longer vehicle, demonstrating a corporate decision to return Mitsubishi to smaller, fuel efficient vehicles in favor of larger, truck-based products. It was also exhibited at the 40th Tokyo Motor Show in September the same year.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: The European ASX was exhibited at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2010, while the North American market Outlander Sport/RVR was revealed at the 2010 New York International Auto Show. Between 2012 and 2015 production of the Outlander Sport began in Mitsubishi's Illinois plant, for both the North American and a number of export markets. , production of the ASX continues in Japan for the global market and China for the local market.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: The first facelifted ASX was revealed in the United States in April 2012 with changes focusing on its front fascia by reshaping the trapezoid grille, and a redesigned rear bumper. In addition, rocker panels became grey, while roof racks disappeared.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: Going on sale in mid-2014, the 2015 model introduced some visual changes: new LED daytime running lamps were featured in the front bumper, there was a new 17" alloy wheel design, and roof racks appeared once again (after being removed in the 2013 model).


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: Further changes occurred in mid-2015 for the "2015.5" model. 18" wheels became standard, and featured black wheel arch surrounds. A chrome tailgate finish and a new steering wheel were other changes that year.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: The second facelift was released in November 2015 at the Los Angeles Auto Show, which introduced the "Dynamic Shield" front design concept and redesigned alloy wheels. This version was introduced in Europe in September 2016 at the 2016 Paris Motor Show.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: A third facelift was unveiled prior to the 2019 Geneva Motor Show in February 2019. The front received an updated "Dynamic Shield" design. In many markets this was to become the 2020 model year RVR/ASX/Outlander Sport. The facelift introduces a new front fascia design, new 18" alloy wheels, and a redesigned Smartphone Display Link (SDL) infotainment system with optional Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone integration, and a new eight-inch touchscreen display.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: In the U.S., the Outlander Sport gains a new SP trim to replace the previous LE trim. The 148-horsepower, 2.0-litre inline four-cylinder (I4) engine is standard on the ES and SE trims, while a 166-horsepower, 2.4-litre inline four-cylinder engine is standard on the SP and GT trims. The smaller 2.0 option is also now available with all-wheel drive (AWD) in addition to the standard front-wheel drive (FWD).


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: The Japanese models are powered by the "4B10" 1.8 L petrol engine mated to a manual or "INVECS-III" continuously variable transmission. North American, Singaporean, Chinese, Indonesian, Malaysian, Philippine, and Australian vehicles get the larger "4B11" 2.0 L and "4B12" 2.4 L engines starting from 2015 model year, while the European ASX use a new "4A92" 1.6 L petrol engine. In Europe and Australia the "4N13" 1.8 L direct-injection turbo-diesel engine is also available as options. With the 2015 model year update in Europe, the Mitsubishi "4N1" engine was replaced with PSA's "DV6C" engine. Much of the petrol engine range – 1.6 L (117 hp), 1.8 L (140 hp), and 2.0 L (150 hp) – is offered in the CIS market.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: In Indonesia, the Outlander Sport was launched on 10 July 2012 and offered in three grade levels: GLX, GLS, and PX. It was assembled locally at the Krama Yudha Ratu Motor plant in Pulo Gadung, Jakarta with knock-down kits imported from Japan. Production ended in 2018.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: In Malaysia, the ASX was launched in November 2010. At launch, only one variant was available which was fully imported and powered by a 2.0 L 4B11 engine paired with a CVT transmission. In January 2012, the sole variant was updated with larger alloy wheels, push-start button, better sportive front seats and auto-retractable side mirror. The first facelift was introduced in May 2013 which made features from the limited run Euro edition standard including a panoramic glass roof, auto rain, auto light sensors and GPS navigation with Bluetooth/iPod connectivity. In February 2014, locally assembled models went on sale now with two variants: 2WD and 4WD.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: In 2016, Mitsubishi Motors executives announced that the successor of the RVR/ASX/Outlander Sport would be released in 2019 and was previewed by the electric eX Concept. The company mentioned that it would be an "in-house"-developed model.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: In early 2022, the teaser for the second-generation ASX for European market was released, which would be based on the second-generation Renault Captur. It was revealed in September 2022 and will be released in March 2023 with gasoline, hybrid and plug-in hybrid powertrain options.


title: Mitsubishi ASX

text: "Facts & Figures 2013", "Facts & Figures 2018", "Facts & Figures 2019", "Mitsubishi Motors website")including OEM production supply (Citroën C4 Aircross and Peugeot 4008)


title: Meetup

text: Meetup is a social media platform for hosting and organizing in-person and virtual activities, gatherings, and events for people and communities of similar interests, hobbies, and professions. It was founded in 2002 by Scott Heiferman and four others. The company was acquired by WeWork in 2017 and remains headquartered in New York City. WeWork sold it to AlleyCorp, an early stage NY-focused venture fund and incubator, in March 2020.


title: Meetup

text: Meetup was founded in June 2002 by Scott Heiferman and four co-founders. The idea for Meetup came from Heiferman meeting his neighbors in New York City for the first time after the September 11 attacks on the Twin Towers. Heiferman was also influenced by the book Bowling Alone, which is about the deterioration of community in American culture. Some initial funding for the venture was raised from friends and family, which was followed by a funding round with angel investors.


title: Meetup

text: The early version of Meetup generated revenues by charging a fee to venues in exchange for bringing Meetup users to their business. Once enough users added themselves to a group, Meetup would send the group members an email, asking them to vote on one of three sponsoring venues for the group to meet at. Within a few months of Meetup launching, 56,000 users had joined the site. In 2003 Meetup won the "Community Websites and Mobile Site" Webby Award.


title: Meetup

text: Meetup was originally intended to focus on hobbies and interests, but it was popularized by Presidential hopeful Howard Dean in 2004. Meetup developed paid services to help the Dean campaign to meet with Meetup users. Dean also publicized Meetup groups of supporters in his speeches and on his website. At the peak of Dean's campaign, 143,000 users had joined Meetup groups for Dean supporters. Afterwards, Meetup became a routine part of internet campaigning for American politicians.


title: Meetup

text: Meetup started charging a fee to group organizers in early 2005. Initially, changes to the website had to be approved by two committees. In 2009, Meetup started running hackathons, where employees came up with new features that would be implemented if their coworkers supported it. The website was redesigned in 2013. Meetup had 8 million users in 2010, and 25.5 million users by 2013.


title: Meetup

text: In 2013, Meetup acquired a struggling email collaboration company called Dispatch. In 2014, a hacker shut down Meetup with a DDoS attack, the hacker claimed to be funded by a competitor. In 2017, Meetup created 1,000 #resist Meetup groups in response to the Trump travel ban. This caused some Trump supporters to leave the site or call for a boycott. Meetup also partnered with a labor group to organize anti-Trump protests.


title: Meetup

text: Meetup was acquired by WeWork in late 2017 for about $156 million. WeWork spaces are predominantly used during work hours, while Meetup events take place mostly on evenings and weekends. Some former employees said there was a 10% layoff after the acquisition. In 2018, Scott Heiferman stepped down as CEO and former Investopedia CEO David Siegel took his place. Heiferman became Chairman of the company. In October 2019, Meetup began to test a different pricing model in two US states, reducing the costs that must be paid by organizers of $23.99/month or $98.94/six months, but requiring users to pay a $2 fee in order to RSVP for events, leaving several users angry. In March 2020, WeWork sold Meetup to AlleyCorp and other investors, reportedly at a substantial loss. The deal added AlleyCorp's Kevin P. Ryan onto Meetup's board.


title: Meetup

text: Meetup is an online service used to create groups that host local in-person and virtual events. As of 2017, there are about 35 million Meetup users. Each user can be a member of multiple groups or RSVP for any number of events. Users are usually using the website to find friends, share a hobby, or for professional networking. Meetup users do not have "followers" or other direct connections with each other like on other social media sites.


title: Meetup

text: Meetup users self-organize into groups. As of 2017, there are about 225,000 Meetup groups in 180 countries. Each group has a different topic, size, and rules. Groups are associated with one of 30+ categories and any number of more than 18,000 tags that identify the group's theme. The most popular categories are "adventure and outdoor activities, career and business, and parents and family." Most events are on a structured schedule each week or month at a local venue, typically on evenings or weekends, though more and more events are being held virtually with a pivot to allowing online events as a reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic. Between March and October 2020, Meetup had hosted more than one million online events.


title: Meetup

text: Meetup groups are run by approximately 140,000 organizers. Any Meetup user can be an organizer. Organizers set up groups, organize events, and develop event content. They also pay a fee to run the group, under the expectation of sharing the cost with members that attend events. Meetup has policies against organizing meetups around a commercial interest that are not compatible with their usage policies, hate speech, or groups that do not meet in-person. Their policy regarding commercial activities has generated some confusion with some claiming that no commercial activities are allowed, even going so far as to claim that a free event that has a sponsor for food and drinks is against Meetup's policies. But purely commercial activities are allowed in their policy, as long as they are, in essence, a Meetup style activity. That is, a winery could organize a wine tasting event through Meetup charging commercial rates, but not use Meetup to simply promote their wines or only sales portal.


title: Mahamrityunjaya Mantra

text: The Mahamrityunjaya Mantra (<nowiki>) (translit=mahāmṛtyuṃjaya-mantra, mahāmṛtyuñjaya-mantra|translit-style=IAST|lit=Great death-defeating mantra}}), also known as the </nowiki>Rudra Mantra or Tryambakam Mantra, is a verse ("ṛc") of the "Rigveda" (RV 7.59.12). The "ṛc" is addressed to Tryambaka, "The Three-eyed One", an epithet of Rudra who is identified with Shiva in Shaivism. The verse also recurs in the "Yajurveda" (TS 1.8.6; VS 3.60).


title: Mahamrityunjaya Mantra

text: The mantra first appears in RV 7.59.12, which is a composite hymn attributed to Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi. The last four verses (in which the Mahamrityunjaya Mantra is found) are late additions to the hymn, and they make references to the Sākamedha, the last of the four-monthly rituals. The Sākamedha ends with an oblation to Rudra Tryambaka, which is why the last verse of the four is addressed to Tryambaka.


title: Mahamrityunjaya Mantra

text: Hindus believe the mantra is beneficial for mental, emotional, and physical health and consider it a "moksha" mantra which bestows longevity and immortality.


title: Mahamrityunjaya Mantra

text: It is chanted while smearing "vibhuti" over various parts of the body and utilised in "japa" (mantra repetition) or "homa" (religious offering ceremony).


title: Leapfrogging (strategy)

text: Leapfrogging, also known as island hopping, was a military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against the Empire of Japan during World War II.


title: Leapfrogging (strategy)

text: The key idea is to bypass heavily fortified enemy islands instead of trying to capture every island in sequence en route to a final target. The reasoning is that those islands can simply be cut off from their supply chains (leading to their eventual capitulation) rather than needing to be overwhelmed by superior force, thus speeding up progress and reducing losses of troops and materiel.


title: Leapfrogging (strategy)

text: By the late 19th century, the U.S. had several interests in the western Pacific to defend; namely, access to the Chinese market, and its colonies – the Philippines and Guam – which the U.S. had gained as a result of the Spanish–American War (1898). After Japan's victories in the Sino-Japanese War (1894–95) and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904, the U.S. began to regard Japan as a potential threat to its interests in the western Pacific. This antagonism was intensified by Japan's objections to an attempt to annex Hawaii to the U.S. (1893) and by Japan's objections to discrimination against Japanese immigrants both in Hawaii (1897) – on this occasion, Japan sent the cruiser "Naniwa" to Honolulu, Hawaii – and in California (1906, 1913). As a result, the U.S. Navy began to draft, as early as 1897, war plans against Japan, which were eventually code-named "War Plan Orange". The war plan of 1911, which was drafted under Rear Admiral Raymond P. Rodgers, included an island-hopping strategy for approaching Japan.


title: Leapfrogging (strategy)

text: After World War I, the Versailles Treaty gave Japan a mandate over former German colonies in the western Pacific; specifically, the Mariana, Marshall, and the Caroline Islands. If these islands were fortified, Japan could, in principle, deny the U.S. access to its interests in the western Pacific. Therefore, in 1921, Major Earl Hancock Ellis of the U.S. Marine Corps drafted "Plan 712, Advanced Base Operations in Micronesia," a plan for war against Japan which updated War Plan Orange by incorporating modern military technology (submarines, aircraft, etc.) and which again included an island-hopping strategy. Shortly afterward, a British reporter on naval affairs, Hector Charles Bywater, publicized the prospect of a Japanese-American war in his books "Seapower in the Pacific" (1921) and "The Great Pacific War" (1925), which detailed an island-hopping strategy. The books were read not only by Americans but by senior officers of the Japanese Imperial Navy, who used "island-hopping" in their successful southeast Asia offensives in 1941 and 1942.


title: Leapfrogging (strategy)

text: This strategy was possible in part because the Allies used submarine and air attacks to blockade and isolate Japanese bases, weakening their garrisons and reducing the Japanese ability to resupply and reinforce them. Thus troops on islands which had been bypassed, such as the major base at Rabaul, were useless to the Japanese war effort and left to "wither on the vine". General Douglas MacArthur greatly supported this strategy in his effort to regain the Philippines from Japanese occupation. This strategy began to be implemented in late 1943 in Operation Cartwheel. While MacArthur claimed to have invented the strategy, it initially came out of the Navy. While this strategy pre-dated World War II by many decades, MacArthur was the first Allied theater commander to practice this during the Allied offensive in the Pacific Theater. MacArthur's Operation Cartwheel, Operation Reckless and Operation Persecution were the first successful Allied practices of leapfrogging in terms of landing on lightly guarded beaches and very low casualties but cutting off Japanese troops hundreds of miles away from their supply routes. MacArthur said his version of leapfrogging was different from what he called island hopping, which was the style favored by the Central Pacific Area commanded by Admiral Chester Nimitz that favored direct assaults on heavily defended beaches and islands leading to massive casualties for such small parcels of land like at Tarawa, Peleliu, Saipan, Guam, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. MacArthur worked together with Admiral William Halsey, commander of the South Pacific Area but subordinate to MacArthur in Operation Cartwheel, in perfecting leapfrogging.


title: Leapfrogging (strategy)

text: Leapfrogging would allow the United States forces to reach Japan quickly and not expend the time, manpower, and supplies to capture every Japanese-held island on the way. It would give the Allies the advantage of surprise and keep the Japanese off balance. The overall leapfrogging strategy would involve two prongs. A force led by Admiral Chester Nimitz, with a smaller land force and larger fleet, would advance north towards the island and capture the Gilbert and Marshall Islands and the Marianas, going generally in the direction of the Bonin Islands. The southern prong, led by General MacArthur and with larger land forces, would take the Solomons, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, advancing toward the Philippines.


title: Leapfrogging (strategy)

text: The principle of leapfrogging was not always followed in the Pacific. When MacArthur moved south to attack Mindanao after capturing the northern Philippines, and when he instigated the reconquest of portions of Borneo, he violated the "basic tenets" of island hopping. In the first case, this may have been motivated by MacArthur's promise to return to the people of the Philippines as soon as possible.


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: The Fox and the Hound 2 is a 2006 American animated direct-to-video buddy comedy drama film produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Disneytoon Studios, and an intermediate follow-up to the 1981 Walt Disney Animation Studios film "The Fox and the Hound". The film takes place during the youth of Tod and Copper, before the events of the later half of the first film. The plot of "The Fox and the Hound 2" involves Copper being tempted to join a band of singing stray dogs called "The Singin' Strays", thus threatening his friendship with Tod. The film was directed by Jim Kammerud and features the voices of Reba McEntire and Patrick Swayze (in his only voice role). The film had an official soundtrack album released on November 21, 2006. The film was released on December 12, 2006 and received generally negative reviews, with critics calling it a pale imitation of its predecessor.


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: The film opens with Tod and Copper chasing a cricket together. They see a line of trucks bringing the county fair to town, and Copper is mesmerized by the sound of dogs singing together in an old school bus with "The Singin' Strays" painted on the side. The pair are eager to go see the fair, but when Copper's clumsy tracking disappoints his master Amos Slade yet again, the pup is tied up in the yard while Slade and Chief go to the fair without him. Tod arrives and pulls Copper's collar off, and the pair head to the fair.


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: Tod and Copper get to meet The Singin' Strays. The band has five members: Dixie (a Saluki), Cash (a Spanish Hound), Granny Rose, and twin brothers Waylon and Floyd (Bloodhounds). It is important that they perform well because a talent scout from the Grand Ole Opry will be at the fair. Cash and Dixie get into an argument, and Dixie walks off before their performance, forcing them to go on stage without her. During the show, Copper sings along, and Cash invites the pup up on stage to sing with them. The musical number is a success. Cash invites Copper to join the band, and he does so after Tod lies that Copper is a stray. Copper spends the entire day with Cash, forgetting his promise to watch fireworks with Tod.


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: Dixie finds Tod and sympathizes with his feelings of abandonment. During their conversation, Tod lets it slip that Copper is not a stray. Dixie then hatches a plan to get Copper kicked out of the band. Tod sneaks into Chief's barrel, luring him and Slade to the fair in a wild chase. The chase leads to widespread mayhem in the fair, and the Singin' Strays' performance is sabotaged right in front of the talent scout Mr. Bickerstaff. Copper is fired from the band and returns home with Slade. Granny Rose and the rest of the members of Cash's band feel quite sorry for Copper, and the band breaks up, prompting Cash to lambast Dixie for the impact of her actions. Copper ends his friendship with Tod for ruining everything, but Dixie admits to him that blowing Copper's cover was her idea, not Tod's. Tod is brought home by his owner, Widow Tweed. Along the way, Tweed narrowly avoids being hit by the talent scout's car, and Bickerstaff's hat flies off his head and lands on Tod.


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: The following day, Tod and Copper reconcile. Hoping to atone for his doings, Tod gives Bickerstaff's hat to Copper, who uses it to track down the talent scout at a local diner. Tod tricks Cash and Dixie into thinking the other is in trouble, and the entire band end up meeting up at the diner. Copper convinces the band of the importance of harmony, and The Singin' Strays howl a reprise of their song "We're in Harmony", attracting the attention of the talent scout and reuniting the band. Impressed with the band, he arranges for the dogs to perform at the Grand Ole Opry. The film ends with Copper choosing to leave the band and play with Tod again.


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: Kevin Carr of 7M Pictures gave the film two stars out of five, saying ""The Fox and the Hound 2" is never going to live down as a classic, but it isn't terrible. It falls somewhere in the middle of the Disney DVD sequel spectrum."


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: John J. Puccio of Movie Metropolis gave the film 4/10, writing "Like most sequels, it's a pale imitation of the original."


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported that the film received approval rating with an average rating of based on reviews.


title: The Fox and the Hound 2

text: The Fox and the Hound 2 Soundtrack Album is the soundtrack album to the film, containing songs from Reba McEntire, who was the voice of Dixie in the film, as well as other well-known artists such as Trisha Yearwood, Chip Davis, and Little Big Town. Composer Joel McNeely has a few score tracks on the album: "Depressed Dixie", "Sad Puppy Blues", "Nashville 7", and "Sticky Hound Puppy". "The Fox and the Hound 2 Soundtrack Album" features a combination of country and bluegrass writers and performers were found in Nashville by Disney according to the music supervisor Kimberly Oliver, and Matt Walker Senior VP, DisneyToon Studios. Background music score composer Joel McNeely composed bluegrass music for setting the moods of scenes, performed by several famous bluegrass performers.


title: Harvey Spencer Stephens

text: Harvey Spencer Stephens (born 12 November 1970) is an English actor and animator. He played the role of devil child Damien Thorn in the 1976 film "The Omen", which earned him a Golden Globe nomination for Best Acting Debut in a Motion Picture – Male.


title: Harvey Spencer Stephens

text: Stephens was born in Putney, London and was educated at Malory Comprehensive School (currently Haberdashers' Knights Academy), Bromley. He was four years old when picked for the part, which required him to have his blond hair dyed dark brown. In an interview with AMC, director Richard Donner said Stephens got the part after attacking the filmmaker (at Donner's urging), punching Donner in the testicles for good measure.


title: Harvey Spencer Stephens

text: It was the only major film role in Stephens' career; he would later play a small role in the 1980 TV film "Gauguin the Savage". He also appears in the DVD special features section of the 2006 version of "The Omen", and as a tabloid journalist in the film. Interview footage of Stephens from 1996 was used in the 2005 documentary "The Curse of the Omen", a programme detailing the supposed eerie coincidences surrounding the making of the film.


title: Harvey Spencer Stephens

text: Stephens appeared on "The Howard Stern Show" on Sirius Radio on 23 April 2008 to promote a film he was working on. He said he also has started appearing at autograph signings and horror conventions "with my tricycle."


title: Harvey Spencer Stephens

text: On 13 January 2017, Stephens was given a suspended prison sentence for a road-rage attack on two cyclists at Toys Hill, Westerham, Kent, on 21 August 2016. The court had heard that Stephens repeatedly used his horn when riders Mark Richardson and Alex Manley, who were out cycling separately, were side-by-side on the road as one overtook the other. Richardson responded by flicking his middle finger at Stephens, who then pulled over.


title: Harvey Spencer Stephens

text: After getting out of his car, Stephens punched Richardson, knocking him unconscious, which prompted Manley to intervene. Stephens responded by asking Manley: “You want some, do you?” before punching him twice in the face, causing him to fall on his back with his bicycle still between his legs. Stephens then held him down and punched him six or seven times, inflicting dental injuries and damaging his helmet.


title: Harvey Spencer Stephens

text: In 2017, at Maidstone Crown Court, Judge Martin Joy sentenced Stephens to 12 months in jail, suspended for two years, for causing actual bodily harm, and to two months, also suspended for two years, for criminal damage. Stephens, a resident of the High Street, Edenbridge, Kent, was ordered to undergo rehabilitation, perform 150 hours of unpaid work, pay compensation of £1,000 to each victim, and an extra £120 to Mr Manley for his damaged helmet.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Thomas Peterffy (born September 30, 1944) is a Hungarian-born American billionaire businessman. He is the founder, chairman, and the largest shareholder of Interactive Brokers. Peterffy worked as an architectural draftsman after emigrating to the US, and later became a computer programmer. In 1977, he purchased a seat on the American Stock Exchange and played a role in developing the first electronic trading platform for securities. Forbes magazine's 2021 list of The World's Billionaires estimated his net worth at US$25 billion, ranking him as the 65th richest man in the world.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Peterffy was born in Budapest, Hungary on September 30, 1944, in a hospital basement during a Russian air raid. His father emigrated to the US after the failure of the Hungarian Revolution in 1956. Peterffy left his engineering studies in Hungary and emigrated to the United States to rendezvous with his father in New York in 1965. When his father, who was living with his second wife, did not have room to accommodate his son, he gave Thomas $100 and told him to "make something of himself".


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: When he moved to New York City, he did not speak English. Peterffy began his career in the US as an architectural draftsman working on highway projects for an engineering firm. It was at this firm that he volunteered to program a newly purchased computer. Of his background in programming, Peterffy said, "I think the way a CEO runs his company is a reflection of his background. Business is a collection of processes, and my job is to automate those processes so that they can be done with the greatest amount of efficiency".


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Peterffy left his career designing financial modelling software and bought a seat on the American Stock Exchange to trade equity options. During his career in finance, he has consistently pushed to replace manual processes with more efficient automated ones. He wrote code in his head during the trading day and then applied his ideas to computerized trading models after hours. Peterffy created a major stir among traders by introducing handheld computers onto the trading floor in the early 1980s. His business related to his AMEX seat eventually developed into Interactive Brokers.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Following Brexit, in 2021, Interactive Brokers moved its European headquarters in London and outsourced its operations to two new continental centers. Thereafter, their Western European clients were served by a subsidiary in Ireland, while their Central European operations were based in Budapest. According to Peterffy, he chose Budapest because he was convinced that the Hungarian language and the “unique Hungarian logic” would result in above-average profitability; he also wanted to pay off the debt he owed to his native Hungary. The Budapest-based subsidiary, Interactive Brokers Central Europe Zrt., was established in Hungary and became a member of the Budapest Stock Exchange (BSE) upon its incorporation.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: In 1999, Peterffy was influential in persuading the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that US options markets could be linked electronically, which would ensure that investors receive the best possible options prices. He has also testified before the United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Securities, Insurance, and Investment about adding banking regulations.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: During the 2012 United States presidential campaign, Peterffy created political ads in support of the Republican Party. Peterffy bought millions of dollars of air time on networks such as CNN, CNBC, and Bloomberg. The ads consisted of a minute-long spot narrated by Peterffy that warned against creeping socialism in the United States. The ads were considered remarkable in part because Peterffy was not a candidate and did not buy the ads through a 527 group but instead paid for them directly.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: In the spot Peterffy said, "America's wealth comes from the efforts of people striving for success. Take away their incentive with badmouthing success and you take away the wealth that helps us take care of the needy. Yes, in socialism the rich will be poorer, but the poor will also be poorer. People will lose interest in really working hard and creating jobs."


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Peterffy's ad received mixed responses. Joshua Green, writing for "Bloomberg Businessweek", said "The ad, while slightly ridiculous, is deeply sincere and also quite affecting." Green also asked Peterffy whether the comparison between the United States and Hungary made in the ad was a fair one: "[Peterffy] couldn't really think that the U.S. was turning into socialist Hungary, could he? The government isn't suppressing speech and throwing political opponents in jail. No, he conceded, it wasn't. But it sure feels like that's the path we're on." "Politico" reported that the ad was "being hailed as one of the best spots this election cycle", and said that it could have been influential in Ohio due to its large Hungarian American population.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Voter registration records in Connecticut show that Peterffy has been registered as an independent voter. Campaign contribution records show that he donated at least $60,000 to the Republican National Committee in 2011 and that over the past few years (as of 2016) has mostly donated to Republican candidates.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: During the 2016 presidential election cycle, Peterffy donated $100,000 to the campaign of Republican nominee Donald Trump. Discussing the 2016 election in 2021, he said "I am actually not a Trump fan at all. I hope he won’t run again." Peterffy also says the Republican Party is "completely adrift". However, he did donate $250,000 to the 2020 Trump reelection campaign because he is "very committed to antisocialism, anticollectivism". Peterffy lives three doors down from Mar-a-Lago and is a member.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (IB) is an online discount brokerage firm in the United States. The company traces its origin to 1977 when Peterffy bought a seat on the American Stock Exchange as an individual market maker, and formed T.P. & Co. the following year. IB consists of many subsidiaries operating on most major stock, futures, bonds, forex, and options exchanges worldwide. The company commenced a public offering on 4 May 2007 under the ticker symbol on the Nasdaq exchange. On October 5, 2018, Interactive Brokers moved its listing to IEX, becoming the exchange's founding issuer. "Barron's Magazine" stated in 2009 that Interactive Brokers maintains a position as "the least expensive trading venue for investors", and continued to be ranked by Barron's as the lowest cost broker as well as the Best Online Broker in 2019.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: OneChicago was an all-electronic exchange owned jointly by IB Exchange Group (IB), Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), and CME Group. It was a privately held company that was regulated by both the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. The OneChicago corporate headquarters was located in the Chicago Board of Trade Building in Chicago's financial district. OneChicago offered approximately 2,272 single-stock futures (SSF) products with names such as IBM, Apple and Google. All trading was cleared through Options Clearing Corporation (OCC). At the time, OneChicago operated the only U.S. based securities futures marketplace.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: Peterffy owns 75% of Interactive Brokers and his net worth is estimated at 25 billion dollars as of 2021. He was the 65th richest person in the world, and the richest Hungarian in the World in 2021.


title: Thomas Peterffy

text: He is divorced, with three children. He is an avid equestrian. He lives in Palm Beach, Florida. In 2015 it was reported that he had listed his 80-acre Connecticut estate for $65 million, but it eventually sold for $21 million.


title: Shopping King Louie

text: Shopping King Louie () is a South Korean drama starring Seo In-guk, Nam Ji-hyun, Yoon Sang-hyun and Im Se-mi. It aired on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 22:00 (KST) on MBC from September 21 to November 10, 2016.


title: Shopping King Louie

text: A romantic comedy about Louis (Seo In-guk), a rich heir who always spends money to buy everything that has a subtle beauty talking to his soul. One day he loses his memory and meets Bok-Shil (Nam Ji-hyun), a pure and energetic woman from the countryside. She is at first astounded by his spending habits. In the process of teaching him to only buy bare necessities or inexpensive small kindnesses that lighten up one's day, she also learns that bare necessities are not same for everyone as they depend on everyone's own values that shape their life and thus their shopping patterns. Both have innate innocence which bring them to care for each other, leading to undeniable love.


title: Shopping King Louie

text: First script reading took place July 15, 2016 at MBC Broadcasting Station in Sangam, South Korea and filming began on July 18. The series was based on Oh Ji-young's romantic comedy script which won the Excellence Prize in the 7th Broadcasting Foundation Scenario Contest (7회 드라마극본공모전 사막의별똥별찾기), hosted by the Broadcasting Contents Promotion Foundation in 2015. Despite the common material, ranging from amnesia to corporate heirs, the drama's storyline got praises from both fans and critics.


title: Shopping King Louie

text: The filming location used for Louis' Castle in the first episode is the Château de Bourron near Paris in France.


title: Shopping King Louie

text: Note: Episode 5 didn't air on Wednesday, October 5 due to the live broadcast of the DMC Festival on MBC, the episode aired on Thursday, October 6.


title: George Ryan

text: George Homer Ryan (born February 24, 1934) is a former American politician who was the Republican 39th governor of Illinois from 1999 until 2003. Ryan received national attention for his 1999 moratorium on executions in Illinois and for commuting more than 160 death sentences to life sentences in 2003. He was later convicted of federal corruption charges and spent more than five years in federal prison and seven months of home confinement. He was released from federal prison on July 3, 2013.