title: Bob Barr

text: During debate on the 1998 impeachment resolution on the House floor, Barr argued that Clinton's attempt to interfere with Lewinsky's testimony in the Paula Jones case endangered the Constitution. In doing so, Barr said, Clinton violated what Barr called a "fundamental right" of any American citizen – "the unshakable right each one of us has to walk into a courtroom and demand the righting of a wrong."


title: Bob Barr

text: In 1999, during Clinton's impeachment trial, "Hustler" publisher Larry Flynt offered money to anyone who could provide evidence about prominent Republicans who had engaged in an extramarital affair. According to the "American Journalism Review", investigators for Flynt said that Barr was "guilty of king-size hypocrisy." Flynt subsequently paid a sum of money to Barr's second wife, Gail Barr, after she had sworn out an affidavit. Investigators reported that Bob Barr then "invoked a legal privilege from his 1985 divorce proceeding so he could refuse to answer questions on whether he'd cheated on his second wife with the woman who is now his third" (Jerilyn).


title: Bob Barr

text: Since leaving Congress in 2003, Barr has become a vocal opponent of the Patriot Act and has stated that he voted for it reluctantly and regrets voting for it, only agreeing because the Bush administration promised not to attempt to expand the granted powers or use them for non-terrorism purposes, and the administration agreed to report to Congress on their usage. Barr says that the Bush administration promptly ignored these three promises given to Congress and has used the powers granted from the Patriot Act to further erode due process of law even in matters unrelated to terrorism. Barr claims that the Clinton administration did much of the same thing. In 2005 – the year the Patriot Act was due for renewal – Barr helped found an organization called Patriots to Restore Checks and Balances, a bipartisan group dedicated to eliminating aspects of the Patriot Act that could potentially affect law-abiding citizens rather than terrorists, and to "restore traditional checks and balances on government power so the country can effectively fight terror without sacrificing the rights of innocent Americans, rights that are guaranteed by the Constitution." Barr still serves as the group's chairman.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr has been a vocal opponent of President George W. Bush's claim of authorization to wiretap transnational phone calls without individual judicial license. He has said, "What's wrong with it is several-fold. One, it's bad policy for our government to be spying on American citizens through the National Security Agency. Secondly, it's bad to be spying on Americans without court oversight. And thirdly, it's bad to be spying on Americans apparently in violation of federal laws against doing it without court order."


title: Bob Barr

text: In the 2004 presidential election, Barr left the Republican Party and publicly endorsed the Libertarian Party presidential nominee Michael Badnarik.


title: Bob Barr

text: In 2006, he joined the Libertarian Party as a regional representative, then serving on the Libertarian National Committee.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr is a commentator on political and social issues and is chairman of the American Conservative Union Foundation's '21st Century Center for Privacy and Freedom'.


title: Bob Barr

text: In January 2006, to emphasize the bipartisan nature of the event, Barr planned on introducing Al Gore at a speech co-sponsored by the Liberty Coalition and the American Constitution Society for Law and Policy to address what they called the "NSA Spying Scandal", in which Gore compared warrantless wiretapping to the FBI's illegal COINTELPRO project surveilling, discrediting and disrupting Martin Luther King Jr.


title: Bob Barr

text: On December 12, 2006, Barr became a regional representative on the Libertarian National Committee, representing the Party's Southeast Region. Barr said: "I'm happy to announce that I am now a proud, card-carrying Libertarian who is committed to helping elect leaders who will strive for smaller government, lower taxes and abundant individual freedom."


title: Bob Barr

text: In Congress, Barr's strong stance against medical marijuana put him at odds with marijuana policy reformers such as the Marijuana Policy Project (MPP). Despite this historic antagonism, in March 2007, Barr reversed his stance on medical marijuana and began lobbying on behalf of MPP. This new partnership saw Barr working to repeal his very own "Barr Amendment" – the amendment that overturned a voter-approved medical marijuana initiative in Washington, D.C. and bars consideration of similar initiatives.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr has been careful to note that he isn't pro-drug, but rather against government intrusion. In interviews he has expressed the nuanced position of simultaneously opposing legalization, yet advocating the federalist ideals of State legislation and enforcement over Federal control.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr's reversal on drug policy surprised many, particularly MPP. His new-found appreciation for harm reduction was heartily welcomed:


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr is one of the four founders of the American Freedom Agenda, which is described as "a coalition established to restore checks and balances and civil liberties protections under assault by the executive branch." The American Freedom Agenda has established a 10-point Freedom Pledge for presidential candidates to confirm their commitment to civil liberties. He is also a member of the Constitution Project's bipartisan Liberty and Security Committee.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr is chairman of the Board of Directors of Liberty Guard, an IRS 501(c)4 organization, which states its mission is to protect and defend individual liberty.


title: Bob Barr

text: In early 2008, Barr became an adjunct professor at Kennesaw State University and was scheduled to teach a course on privacy rights titled "Privacy and Public Policy in 21st Century Business and Society."


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr appeared in the mock documentary "". In his scene, he met with "Borat Sagdiyev" (portrayed by Sacha Baron Cohen) in the United States Capitol. Borat gave him cheese described as being made from Borat's wife's breast milk.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr is listed as the President of the Law Enforcement Education Organization, a non-profit organization with a mission of serving "active-duty and retired law enforcement officers, by educating and assisting law enforcement personnel and agencies meet challenges posed by certain laws and regulations."


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr wrote "The Meaning of Is: The Squandered Impeachment and Wasted Legacy of William Jefferson Clinton" (published in 2004). He briefly wrote a regular column for "Creative Loafing (Atlanta)", an alternative weekly newspaper serving the Atlanta metropolitan area.


title: Bob Barr

text: In 2008 Barr hosted a political talk radio show on Radio America called "Bob Barr's Laws of the Universe". He has said that he plans to write a book with that title.


title: Bob Barr

text: In August 2008, Barr published an opinion piece in "The Washington Times" that criticized the United States' response to the conflict between Russia and Georgia as being too emotional and not based on legitimate American national security concerns. He wrote: "The most important American interest is defending America; and intervening on behalf of Georgia against Russia has nothing to do with defending America." In October 2008, Barr gave a one-hour talk at Carnegie Mellon University, allowing time to take audience questions. This was one of numerous lectures for which he was paid.


title: Bob Barr

text: In 2008, in an Op-Ed article published in "The Atlanta Journal-Constitution", Barr lambasted the new policy of Boston, Massachusetts police to allow warrantless search for firearms in teenagers' homes. On March 7, 2009, "The Atlanta Journal-Constitution" announced that Barr would be a weekly columnist for the paper. His blog is known as "The Barr Code".


title: Bob Barr

text: In 2011, Barr traveled to Haiti to lobby on behalf of "former Haitian dictator Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier." According to Barr, "he is not serving as Duvalier's attorney, but is in Port-au-Prince to consult, assist and be Duvalier's voice to the international community."


title: Bob Barr

text: In early 2008, rumors circulated that Barr was considering a presidential run under the Libertarian Party banner. Activists began a Facebook group dedicated to drafting Barr into the nomination contest, and Barr later confirmed his interest. He launched a presidential exploratory committee and campaign website on April 5, and formally announced his candidacy for the Libertarian nomination on May 12. His announcement came a mere ten days before the start of the Libertarian Party Convention, where delegates select the presidential candidate.


title: Bob Barr

text: Following his announcement, Rasmussen Reports had Barr polling at 6% nationwide against Barack Obama (42%), John McCain (38%), and Ralph Nader (4%). The study identified Barr as the Libertarian candidate, but most voters said they did not know enough about him to have an opinion of him personally. Barr's support in the poll was a net drain on Republicans; he picked up 7% of the Republican vote, 5% of the Democratic vote, and 5% of the unaffiliated vote.


title: Bob Barr

text: On May 25, 2008, Barr became the 2008 Libertarian presidential nominee after six rounds of voting at the 2008 Libertarian convention. He beat Mary Ruwart in the final round of voting, with 324 delegates to Ruwart's 276, with 26 none-of-the-above votes. Barr had received the endorsement of Wayne Allyn Root, one of his rivals for the nomination, after Root was eliminated following the fifth round of balloting. Barr, in turn, endorsed Root for the party's vice presidential nomination, which he received. "Reason" magazine senior editor Radley Balko called Barr "the first serious candidate the LP has run since I've been eligible to vote."


title: Bob Barr

text: On June 4, 2008, Barr invited the Republican Party's presumptive presidential nominee, John McCain, and the Democratic Party's presumptive presidential nominee, Barack Obama, to weekly presidential debates through an official press release.


title: Bob Barr

text: Many opinion leaders predicted that Barr could siphon off conservative votes that would have otherwise gone to McCain. John Linder, who defeated Barr for the Republican nomination in a 2002 congressional race, said that Barr could cause serious problems for McCain in some states. Barr repeatedly rejected this assertion as scapegoating, responding that small-government Republicans would not vote for McCain anyway, nor would civil liberties advocates vote for Obama.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr appeared on the ballot in 45 states. In July, he filed a lawsuit against Oklahoma for its unusually restrictive ballot access laws, which he contends are contrary to the First Amendment right to petition one's government for a redress of grievances. In July, a Zogby poll had Barr receiving 6% of the vote nationwide, as well as double digits in several states.


title: Bob Barr

text: A Zogby poll released on August 15, 2008, indicated that most Republican and Democratic voters wanted Barr to be included in the presidential debates. The poll also indicated that almost 70% of independent voters would have liked to see him included.


title: Bob Barr

text: On September 17, 2008, Barr filed suit in Texas to remove both McCain and Obama from the ballot. Both political parties failed to file their nominees by the deadline. On September 23, 2008, the Texas Supreme Court rejected the request without giving a reason for its decision.


title: Bob Barr

text: Among his campaign positions, Barr distinguished himself strongly from Obama and McCain by opposing the financial bailout bill.


title: Bob Barr

text: Following his statement that he would not challenge the Republican incumbent in the 2012 primary race for Georgia's 14th congressional district, he subsequently indicated his return to the Republican Party and support for 2012 GOP congressional candidates when stating – "Our country is at a serious cross-roads, without question we need new leadership in the White House, and a part of that turnaround in 2012 will be solid GOP majorities in both chambers of Congress."


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr had expressed interest in running for Congress again as a Republican in 2012, challenging incumbent Republican Tom Graves in Georgia's 14th district. The newly created district included Floyd and Paulding counties, which were part of the territory Barr represented in his first congressional stint. Between them, they made up 38 percent of the 14th's population. Barr has lived in Smyrna, in Cobb County, for many years, but told several friends he planned to move to Paulding County in order to challenge Graves. Despite strong polling numbers, Barr chose to abandon his plans for running, citing concern on the potential impact it would have on his law firm and family.


title: Bob Barr

text: Barr held a news conference on March 28, 2013, at Adventure Outdoors in Smyrna, Georgia where he announced his upcoming run for his old congressional seat, the 11th. The seat had come open after his successor, Phil Gingrey, gave it up to run for Senate. Barr was vying to become the first Georgia Republican to return to the U.S. House after a gap in service. Barr placed second in his six-way House primary with 26% of the vote. State Senator Barry Loudermilk, who was backed by the Senate Conservatives Fund, placed first in the primary with 37%. Since no candidate won at least 50% (plus 1) of the vote, a runoff took place on July 22, 2014. Barr lost the runoff to Loudermilk by a nearly 2:1 margin.


title: WNBA Finals

text: The WNBA Finals are the championship series of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and the conclusion of the league's postseason each fall. The series was named the WNBA Championship until 2002. Starting 2016 Verizon is the official sponsor.


title: WNBA Finals

text: The series is played between the winners of the playoff semifinals. At the conclusion of the championship round, the winner of the WNBA Finals is presented the championship trophy. The WNBA Finals has been played at the conclusion of every WNBA season in history, the first being held in 1997.


title: WNBA Finals

text: Since 2005, the winner of the WNBA Finals has been determined through a 2–2–1 format. The first, second, and fifth games of the series are played at the arena of the team who earned home court advantage by having the better record during the regular season.


title: WNBA Finals

text: The WNBA's playoff format has changed several times in the league's history. From 1997 to 1998, a single championship game was held to decide the champion. In 1998, after the addition of two teams, the WNBA Finals were turned into a best-of-three games series. The finale series was known as the WNBA Championship from 1997 to 2001, before changing to reflect its NBA counterpart. In 2005, the WNBA Finals adopted a best-of-five format. In 2016, the WNBA changed to its current playoff format seeding teams #1 through #8 regardless of conference making it possible for two Eastern Conference or two Western Conference teams to meet in the Finals.


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane is a 2006 novel by Kate DiCamillo and illustrated by Bagram Ibatoulline. Following the life of a china rabbit, the book won the 2006 Boston Globe-Horn Book Award in Fiction category.


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: Edward Tulane is a china rabbit given to a ten-year-old girl named Abilene by her grandmother in the 1930s. He enjoys a pleasant but vain life with his young mistress, who treats him with the utmost love and respect until an unfortunate incident finds him falling overboard while vacationing on the "Queen Mary". Edward spends 297 days on the ocean floor, until a storm frees him from the seabed and a passing fisherman and his buddy pull him from their fishing net. The man takes him home to his wife where he is referred to as female and wears dresses.


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: Edward is passed from hand to hand of a succession of life-altering characters, such as a hobo and his dog and a four-year-old girl with tuberculosis and her brother. Edward's journeys not only take him far from home, but even farther from the selfish rabbit he once was. Eventually, Edward is cruelly broken against a counter top edge, repaired and then offered for sale in a doll store for several years. He is finally bought by Abilene, his original mistress, now married with a daughter of her own.


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: The novel contains several themes involving loss and recovery, kindness and compassion, and the journey to self-discovery. The main theme can be summarized by a quote from the book: "If you have no intention of loving or being loved, then the whole journey is pointless."


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: The novel has often been compared to Hans Christian Andersen's work, particularly "The Steadfast Tin Soldier".


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: In 2007 the U.S. National Education Association named it one of "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children" based on an online poll. In 2012 it was ranked number 59 among all-time children's novels in a survey published by "School Library Journal" – the third of three books by DiCamillo in the Top 100.


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: On October 30, 2013, Robert Zemeckis was set to direct and produce the film adaptation of The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane for New Line Cinema with Jeff Stockwell writing the script. The Minnesota Opera commissioned 'Edward Tulane', with Paola Prestini composing the music for the new opera. 'Edward Tulane' was scheduled to run at the Ordway Center for Performing Arts from Saturday, March 21 through Sunday, March 29, 2020, but the run was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Synchronicity Theatre in Atlanta produced the stage production in April 2018, and again in December 2022.


title: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane

text: The book was featured in "My Love from the Star", a 2014 Korean drama about an alien living on Earth for 400 years who falls in love with a popular actress. This propelled the novel to the top of the bestseller lists in major Korean bookstores as the alien repeatedly quotes from it throughout the series.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Marguerite Alice "Missy" LeHand (September 13, 1896 – July 31, 1944) was a private secretary to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) for 21 years. According to LeHand's biographer Kathryn Smith in "The Gatekeeper", she eventually functioned as White House Chief of Staff, the only woman in American history to do so.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Born into a blue collar, Irish-American family in upstate New York, LeHand studied secretarial science in high school, took a series of clerical jobs, and began to work for the Franklin Roosevelt vice presidential campaign in New York. Following the Democrats' defeat, FDR's wife, Eleanor, invited her to join the family at their home in Hyde Park, New York, to clean up the campaign correspondence. FDR hired LeHand to work for him on Wall Street, where he was the partner in a law firm and worked for a bonding company. After FDR was partially paralyzed in August 1921, LeHand became his daily companion and one of the main people to encourage him to return to politics, with Eleanor and his political strategist Louis McHenry Howe. She remained his secretary when he became governor of New York in 1929 and when he became president in 1933, serving until a 1941 stroke left her partially paralyzed and barely able to speak. She moved to her sister's home in Somerville, Massachusetts, and died after another stroke in 1944.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: The exact nature of LeHand's relationship with FDR is debated by historians. It is generally accepted that their relationship contained a romantic element, but scholars remain divided on whether the pair had a sexual relationship. LeHand was romantically involved with William Christian Bullitt Jr., U.S. ambassador to Russia and later France, from 1933 to 1940, but apparently never contemplated marriage to him. Her devotion to the Roosevelt family and dedication to her career were the most likely impediments to marriage, although she once asked a friend: "How could anyone ever come up to FDR?"


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: LeHand was born in Potsdam, New York, to Daniel J. and Mary J. (née Graffin) LeHand, who were the children of Irish immigrants. The parents began their family at age 16 with a son, also called Daniel, followed by Bernard, Anna and finally Marguerite, when they were in their 40s. When she was a young child, the family relocated to Somerville, a working class suburb of Boston, where LeHand was struck by rheumatic fever at age fifteen. It permanently damaged her heart, causing episodes of atrial fibrillation and leading to her premature death. Eleanor Roosevelt later stated that the disease had left her delicate and barred from strenuous exercise. She graduated from Somerville High School in 1917, where she took secretarial courses in preparation for a career. Although she never attended college, in 1937 Rosary College (now called Dominican University) recognized her professional achievements with an honorary doctor of laws, presented at the White House.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: After holding a variety of clerical positions in the Boston area and passing the Civil Service exam, she moved to Washington, D.C. in 1917 to briefly serve as a clerk at the Department of the Navy during World War I. FDR was serving as assistant secretary of the Navy then, but the two did not meet. At the recommendation of Charles McCarthy, Roosevelt's assistant at the Navy Department, she became a secretary with FDR's vice presidential campaign three years later when he ran on a ticket with James M. Cox against Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge, LeHand's work on the campaign and her personal devotion to FDR caught the eye of the Roosevelts. In early 1921, FDR hired her as his personal secretary and she moved to New York, sleeping on the sofa of a cousin's home in the Bronx. Roosevelt biographer Jean Edward Smith described the young LeHand as "five feet, seven inches tall ... warm and attractive, with ink-blue eyes, black hair already turning gray, and an engaging throaty voice. She was also modest, well mannered, exceptionally capable, and thoroughly organized."


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: The first thing for a private secretary to do is to study her employer. After I went to work for Mr. Roosevelt, for months I read carefully all the letters he dictated ... I learned what letters he wanted to see and which ones it was not necessary to show him ... I came to know exactly how Mr. Roosevelt would answer some of his letters, how he would couch his thoughts. When he discovered that I had learned these things it took a load off his shoulders, for instead of having to dictate the answers to many letters he could just say yes or no and I knew what to say and how to say it.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: LeHand quickly became a key part of Roosevelt's staff, managing his correspondence and appointment calendar. She was nicknamed "Missy" by Roosevelt's younger children, who had a hard time negotiating "Miss LeHand" and soon became popularly known by this name. In turn, she nicknamed her boss "F.D.", a name only she used. In the summer of 1921, Roosevelt was struck by a disabling paralytic illness (diagnosed at the time as polio), leaving him paralyzed below the waist; LeHand soon became his inseparable companion.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Each winter in the mid-1920s, FDR would spend four months on his houseboat, "Larooco", off the Florida coast. LeHand lived with him and acted as his hostess. She also accompanied him to the spa town of Warm Springs, Georgia in 1924, overseeing and encouraging his physical therapy. Together, they worked to establish the first polio rehabilitation facility in the country, which was incorporated as a nonprofit organization, the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation, in 1927. That spring, LeHand suffered what she described as a "heart attack" while swimming in the pool at Warm Springs. She was treated for resulting atrial fibrilation with digitalis, which provoked a toxic reaction and mental confusion. (Some of her contemporaries later told historians that she had suffered a mental breakdown, which contributed to a perception of emotional instability.)


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: LeHand opposed FDR's plan to run for governor of New York in 1928, telling him "Don't you dare". She feared he would lose his chance to walk again if he interrupted his therapy. When he ultimately decided to run, she suffered another illness that was also often described as a nervous breakdown. By the time he was elected and assumed office, however, she was well enough to resume work and moved into the second floor of the Governor's Mansion in Albany, continuing on as his secretary. With Eleanor often away working in New York City during this time (she was part owner of an elite girls' school), LeHand was FDR's day-to-day companion and the back-up hostess at the Governor's Mansion. During her long tenure as FDR's secretary, LeHand came to share many of his likes and dislikes. She enthusiastically learned to play poker and spent hours working with him on his stamp collection. She even adopted his figures of speech and favorite drinks. Eleanor Roosevelt disapproved of alcohol, and Missy served as hostess at FDR's daily cocktail time, which he later dubbed "the Children's Hour."


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: After a second term as governor, Roosevelt was elected president of the United States in November 1932, assuming the office in March 1933. LeHand accompanied the Roosevelts to the White House, where she became the first woman to serve as a presidential secretary and the only female member of the four-person "secretariat" that managed the West Wing. (The other three were Louis McHenry Howe, Steve Early and Marvin H. McIntyre. Missy earned half the salary of the men.) As her obituary in the "New York Times" wrote "when her employer was elected to the Presidency, it had become an established fact that neither other offers of employment or proposals of marriage could entice the prematurely gray and handsome young woman from the career she had chosen." During Roosevelt's tenure as president, LeHand became a federal employee. Until the 1941 stroke that incapacitated her, she lived on the third floor of the White House and continued to manage Roosevelt's daily business, also presiding as the White House hostess during Eleanor's absences. In August 1933, "Newsweek" ran a profile of her describing her as FDR's "Super-Secretary", making her nationally famous. She also appeared on the cover of "Time" magazine in December 1934, one of just three women to grace a "Time" cover that year. In 1937 she was listed as one of the best-dressed women in Washington.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: LeHand's importance as an adviser and gatekeeper to FDR grew during the second term. Following Howe's death in 1936, she became the de facto White House chief of staff, and was seen as one of the more powerful people in the administration. She met with the other members of the secretariat around FDR's bedside every morning, vetted his mail, provided a "back door" entrance to the Oval Office—which adjoined hers alone—and spent many evenings with the president in his upstairs study as well as accompanied him on weekend cruises on the presidential yachts: the Sequoia and its successor the Potomac. Because FDR could not be awakened after he went to bed at night without LeHand's permission, she was the first person to learn by telephone that Hitler had invaded Poland in September 1939, setting off World War II. Samuel I. Rosenman, a close FDR adviser and speechwriter, called her "one of the most important people of the Roosevelt era."


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: The question of whether LeHand and Roosevelt's relationship contained a sexual component was widely discussed among their contemporaries and continues to be debated by historians. Hazel Rowley argues that "there is no doubt that Franklin's relationship with Missy was romantic", but notes the possibility that the relationship could not have been consummated due to FDR's disability. Roosevelt biographer Doris Kearns Goodwin states that "beneath the complexity, it is absolutely clear that Franklin was the love of Missy's life, and that he adored her and depended on her for affection and support as well as work". Doug Wead wrote in his work on the parents of presidents "The Raising of a President": "Some Roosevelt historians insist that their relationship was never consummated. Eleanor and the children accepted the relationship, which speaks for its innocence. Sara [Roosevelt] spoke favorably of Missy's family and upbringing. Years later, only Elliott, of all the children, would declare that it had not been as benign as historians like to believe."


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: In 1973, FDR's son Elliott published "An Untold Story: The Roosevelts of Hyde Park", in which he recalled seeing LeHand in his father's lap and alleged that she "shared a familiar life in all its aspects with father". His eldest brother Jimmy disagreed, arguing that FDR's illness had made sexual function too difficult for him to have a physical affair. "I suppose you could say they came to love one another", he wrote, "but it was not a physical love." Kathryn Smith, the author of the only biography of LeHand, could come to no conclusion, but wrote "As far as evidence goes, there is not a single written account of anyone seeing them in a compromising position, despite the hundreds of Secret Service agents, staff members, political cronies, family members and friends who traipsed through FDR's bedrooms—which he used as an auxiliary office—during their twenty-one years together." She quotes LeHand's great-niece, Jane Scarbrough, who said "We have no reason to believe they did (have a sexual relationship), but we don't know."


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Eleanor and LeHand remained on good terms. Eleanor Roosevelt biographer Blanche Wiesen Cook describes the First Lady as treating LeHand warmly, "as an elder daughter or, in the manner of Asian matriarchs, as the junior wife". The two women went shopping together, and Eleanor took a solicitous interest in LeHand's smoking and keeping general health. Eleanor accompanied LeHand to her mother's funeral in Potsdam during the first presidential campaign in 1932, helping the family make arrangements. Elliott later stated that he believed "Missy alleviated Mother's guilt", allowing her to travel without worrying that Franklin would lack for companionship. In one of her later books, Eleanor wrote that she occasionally failed to "meet the need of someone whom I dearly love", stating "You must learn to allow someone else to meet the need, without bitterness or envy, and accept it." Cook reads these passages as veiled references to LeHand's role in Franklin's life, and Eleanor's acceptance of that role.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: LeHand had a brief romance with Eleanor's bodyguard (and rumored love) Earl Miller in 1931. Miller later told biographer Joseph Lash that he had begun the affair out of respect for Eleanor, feeling that she was hurt by LeHand's relationship with Franklin.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: In 1933, LeHand began to date the diplomat William Christian Bullitt Jr., who became the first U.S. ambassador to the Soviet Union late that year. FDR's son James later described this as "the one real romance" of her life. While some historians have stated that LeHand ended the engagement after discovering Bullitt was having an affair with a Bolshoi Ballet dancer or that he "dumped" her, correspondence between the two makes it clear that LeHand ended the relationship in September 1940 after Bullitt returned to the United States from Nazi-occupied France and began demanding more of her time. The length and depth of LeHand's relationship with William C. Bullitt raises questions about FDR being the true love of her life.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: FDR aide and confidant Harry Hopkins, a widower, was close friends with Missy, especially after he moved into the White House in 1940. Goodwin states while the pair were close enough to spark Washington gossip, nothing appears to have come of it: "Missy had probably cut it short, as she had cut short every other relationship in her life that might subordinate her great love for FDR." Smith does not cite Hopkins as a serious contender for LeHand's affections.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: In June 1941, LeHand collapsed at a White House dinner party, and two weeks later, she suffered a major stroke that left her partially paralyzed with little speech function. Goodwin says a factor that may have led to her illness was stress stemming from fears that the exiled Crown Princess Märtha of Norway, a Washington-area resident during World War II, had replaced her as FDR's favorite companion, occupying the seat next to him that had long been LeHand's in automobile rides. Kathryn Smith cites the stress of the world crisis that spring, as Britain stood alone against the Nazis, and the ill health of FDR, who had expected her to be at his bedside for weeks on end. She also became critical of FDR's leadership for the first time that spring, sharing her disappointment with Interior Secretary Harold L. Ickes, a close friend. FDR paid LeHand's medical bills and later made provisions for her in his will, stating that the principal would be divided equally among his children while half the income of his estate (which was eventually probated at more than $3 million) would go to Eleanor and half to "my friend Marguerite A. LeHand...for medical attention, care and treatment during her lifetime." (As LeHand died before FDR, her half reverted to Eleanor.) He also sent her to Warm Springs, where he hoped she could recover with the help of the physical therapy staff there. She was very unhappy in Warm Springs and may have tried to kill herself by eating chicken bones during the 1941 Christmas season. In early 1942, she spent some weeks in her old room at the White House, but quickly deteriorated due to her frustrations at not being able to help. After an incident in which she set the bed on fire—probably while smoking—it was agreed that LeHand would return to her sister's home in Somerville, Massachusetts, and she departed from Washington on May 15, 1942.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Grace Tully, an assistant of LeHand, took over as Roosevelt's secretary, but was never a companion for Roosevelt in the same way as LeHand had been. After Missy departed the White House, she never saw FDR again, but he did keep in touch by writing letters, making phone calls, and sending gifts.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Memories of more than a score of years of devoted service enhance the sense of personal loss which Miss LeHand's passing brings. Faithful and painstaking, with charm of manner inspired by tact and kindness of heart, she was utterly selfless in her devotion to duty. Hers was a quiet efficiency, which made her a real genius in getting things done. Her memory will ever be held in affectionate remembrance and appreciation, not only by all the members of our family but by the wide circle of those whose duties brought them into contact with her.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Eleanor Roosevelt attended LeHand's funeral in Cambridge, Massachusetts, over which Bishop (later Cardinal) Richard Cushing presided. Other mourners included Associate Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter and former ambassador Joseph P. Kennedy. The president's words "She was utterly selfless in her devotion to duty" appear on LeHand's marker at Mount Auburn Cemetery. In her will, LeHand left the furniture in her White House apartment to Grace Tully and the First Couple. According to LeHand's great-niece, Jane Scarbrough, to this day, the Roosevelt family pays for the upkeep of the LeHand family plot.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: In March 1945, the United States Maritime Commission christened the SS "Marguerite LeHand", an 18,000 ton C3 cargo vessel, in Pascagoula, Mississippi. During her maiden voyage, she struck the U.S. Coast Guard lighthouse tender amidships, sinking it and killing one Coast guardsman.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: LeHand was a character in the 1958 Broadway play "Sunrise at Campobello" and its 1960 film adaptation, in which she was played by Jean Hagen. The productions portray FDR's initial struggles with his paralytic illness, and his decision to continue his political career.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: Priscilla Pointer played the role of LeHand in the 1977 ABC television production "". Bibi Besch portrayed her in the mini series "Backstairs at the White House". She had a brief appearance in the 2005 HBO movie "Warm Springs," which is about the creation of the polio rehabilitation center there and FDR's return to politics. She was played by Marianne Fraulo. In the 2012 movie "Hyde Park on Hudson", which portrays the visit of British monarchs George VI and Queen Consort Elizabeth to FDR's estate at Hyde Park, LeHand is played by Elizabeth Marvel.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: LeHand's work and friendship with Franklin Roosevelt is chronicled in the 2014 documentary film "The Roosevelts", directed by Ken Burns.


title: Marguerite LeHand

text: The 2020 PBS drama series "Atlantic Crossing" includes a portrayal by Lucy Russell of LeHand's relationship with Roosevelt.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: 8 Thottakkal () is a 2017 Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film written and directed by Sri Ganesh. Produced by Vellapandian, the film stars his son Vetri, alongside an ensemble cast including Aparna Balamurali, Nassar and M. S. Bhaskar and Meera Mithun. Principal photography of the film commenced in August 2016 at Chennai and was completed in November 2016. The film released on 7 April 2017. This movie, which was loosely inspired by the 1949 Japanese movie "Stray Dog" was remade in Kannada in 2018 as "8MM Bullet" and in Telugu in 2021 as "Senapathi".


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: The film starts with an orphaned boy, Sathya, getting framed by the employer for the murder of his wife and is sent to juvenile. He befriends the warden, who helps him secure the sub inspector job.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: Sathya remembers what his warden taught him and stays honest in his profession. Unlike the other policemen at his station, he refuses to be involved in bribes and is made an outcast. One day, Sathya helps a writer who is beaten by his corrupt inspector, Gunasekaran. Thinking that Sathya is trying to become a hero by making him look bad, Guna plans to shame Sathya. Guna then arranges for Sathya to shadow a dangerous gangster. While shadowing the gangster, he loses his gun, fully loaded with 8 bullets. Guna gives Sathya one day to find his lost gun or face disciplinary action.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: With the help of a reporter friend, Meera, Sathya nabs the boy who pickpocketed his gun, but the boy has sold the gun. The guy who bought the gun attempts a bank robbery along with two other men, and in the process, he accidentally shoots and kills a little girl. Meera, in danger of losing her job, tells her superiors about the case, it goes viral, and Sathya is suspended from duty. Sathya hides from the police as he will be arrested, and is tracked down by Pandian, the new handler of the case. Pandian says that if Sathya was a real policeman, he should never stop searching, which causes Sathya to join him.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: Meanwhile, one of the robbers tries to buy his girlfriend a necklace for her birthday and takes all the fresh notes available, despite the boss's opposition. In the jewelry shop, he is exposed as the police kept track of the serial number of the fresh notes. He escapes the arrest and goes to get his share. After a confrontation with the boss, he tries to steal all the money and the leader shoots and kills him. The remaining two dispose of the body. The second robber, fearing he also will be shot dead by the boss, contacts the police. When the police attempt to arrest the boss with a ploy, the boss shoots and kills the second robber and made sure there is no one left to connect him with the robber.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: Sathya meets an old policeman, Krishnamurthy, who got suspended for letting a terrorist slip away as a constable. It turns out that Guna accepted a bribe from the terrorist and let him go, but this has already ruined Murthy's profession. Sathya talks to Murthy about life and how things have changed. After this, Murthy sees the man who sold him the gun and leaves. Murthy kills him with the same gun when he follows Murthy to a restroom. However, we learn that Murthy is actually the leader of the robbery, and he kills the officer who did not sanction his Provident Fund. Sathya, now looking for clues in the murder, finds Murthy's application sanctioned and goes to his house to give it to him. However, Murthy's son tells him that the application got sanctioned earlier, and Murthy gave the money to the family, by connecting the murder of the guy who sold the gun and Murthy's son's statement, he figures out that Murthy is the robber and the boss.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: Meanwhile, Murthy follows Guna to a bank and attempts another robbery and kills him, after which he throws the money on the street. When Murthy returns home, he finds out that the police have surrounded him. Pandian takes Murthy's grandson hostage, and there is a confrontation in which Sathya walks out with his gun . He later tells the investigation board that Murthy shot Pandian dead and Sathya had killed Murthy in self-defense. Sathya is given his job back.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: As Sathya drives with Meera, she tells him that he should not feel bad for Murthy as he was a bad person. We are shown what actually happens in that room. Pandian, with his gun on Murthy's grandson's head, slips, and a shot is fired. Murthy, in shock, shoots and kills Pandian, but it turns out that Pandian missed and did not hit Murthy's grandson. Sathya grabs Murthy and fights him but cannot hurt him as he feels sorry for him. Murthy stands up, grabs the gun, and tells Sathya to shoot him. He then explains that he did not tell his family about his cancer because he heard the family speaking about why God did not take him instead of his wife. He then says he robbed the bank for them and that he wanted to live his last days like a king. Murthy also says he did not mean to shoot the child and breaks down. Murthy grabs Sathya's hands, puts the gun to his forehead and says he does not want to put the family in shame by going to prison. He then shoots himself dead with the last bullet when Sathya hesitates.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: After this flashback, at a stoplight, Sathya sees the employer that framed him, on the side of the street, and the movie ends.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: After working under director Mysskin as an assistant director in "Onaayum Aattukkuttiyum" (2013), Sri Ganesh started working on his script, which he revealed to be a cop thriller. Talking about the film, Sri Ganesh said that since it is a film about criminals trying to take advantage of a specific situation, it allowed him to understand the mindset of police officers. Ganesh attributed parts of the film to real-life incidents and literature, citing he was interested by the mystery series of Inspector Martin Beck. For the film, he also spent time speaking to the cop who was part of the 2012 Velachery encounters, where five men suspected of robbing banks in the city were shot dead, with Nassar's character in his story being partly based on this policeman. The production began in August 2016 and ended in November 2016, with the film shot almost entirely in Chennai, over a period of 47 days.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: Newcomer Vetri was selected to play the lead role of a sub-inspector in the film, with his family producing the film. Actress Aparna Balamurali was signed on as the lead actress soon after the release of her debut Malayalam film "Maheshinte Prathikaaram" (2016), and revealed that she would play the character of a scribe. Actress Meera Mithun also worked on the film, which became the first film release. Other members of the cast included Nassar and M. S. Bhaskar, while Ranjith, the brother of "Kaaka Muttai" actor Ramesh, also made his debut as a petty thief.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: KS Sundaramurthy composed the songs and background score for the film. Yuvan Shankar Raja bought the audio rights of "8 Thottakkal" under his banner, U1 Records.


title: 8 Thottakkal

text: The film had a theatrical release on 7 April 2017, alongside Mani Ratnam's "Kaatru Veliyidai" (2017). In their review of the film, Sify.com wrote, "To conclude, "8 Thottakkal" definitely has minor flaws including the impassive hero and lengthy second half, but still, the film is a satisfying watch". The reviewer added that ""8 Thottakkal" has plenty of positive aspects to discuss but two things have certainly reduced the quality of the film, one is the wooden hero who just can't act and the other one is unnecessary song sequences, which comes as speed-breakers", while stating "another issue is the length of the film is a bit of a downer as the long drawn out scene composition tests your patience — but despite these flaws, the film is worth a look and hits the target with the heart touching performance of MS Baskar, who has given his career best". A reviewer from The Times of India noted "Taking the set-up of Akira Kurosawa's "Stray Dog", Sri Ganesh gives us a slow-burning cop thriller which changes track halfway and becomes a contemplation on life. It is a risky move because the film starts to empathise more with its antagonist and wants us to do the same as well, but surprisingly, Sri Ganesh manages this feat". The critic added "the director gives us songs that break the mood and momentum of the film" and that "you really are baffled that a director who displays such confidence in letting his film unfurl at a meditative pace would settle for such compromises". A vapid film with a sleepwalking hero cannot recreate the magic of Stray Dog- Kollywood Kapsa.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Glen Cove is a city in Nassau County, New York, United States, on the North Shore of Long Island. At the 2020 United States Census, the city population was 28,365 as of the 2020 census.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The city was considered part of the early 20th century Gold Coast of the North Shore, as the areas along the waterfront were developed as large country estates by wealthy entrepreneurs and businessmen such as J.P. Morgan, Phipps, Pratt, and Prybil. Glen Cove also had manufacturing and a diverse population that worked in industry, local agriculture and retail businesses. Of Nassau County's five municipalities, Glen Cove is one of the two municipalities that is a city, rather than a town, the other being Long Beach on the South Shore.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The city was the location of several successful manufacturing facilities in the 20th century. It attracted numerous immigrants from Ireland, Italy, and eastern Europe. More recently, it has been settled by immigrants of later migrations, from Central and South America, and Asia.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples had lived in the area for thousands of years. At the time of European contact, bands of the Lenape (Delaware) nation inhabited western Long Island, the areas of New York and New Jersey around the harbor, and along the coast through present-day Pennsylvania and Delaware, as well as along the Delaware River. They spoke an Algonquian language. By 1600 the band inhabiting this local area was called the Matinecock after their location.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Glen Cove was used as a port by English migrants from New England and named Moscheto before 1668. On May 24, 1668, Joseph Carpenter of Warwick, Rhode Island purchased about of land to the northwest of the Town of Oyster Bay from the Matinecock. Later in that year, he admitted four residents of Oyster Bay as co-partners in the project: brothers Nathaniel, Daniel, and Robert Coles; and Nicholas Simkins. The five young men named the settlement Musketa Cove Plantation, musketa meaning place of rushes in the Lenape language.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: In the 1830s, steamboats started regular service on Long Island Sound between New York City and Musketa Cove, arriving at a point still called The Landing. As Musketa was negatively associated with mosquito, in 1834 residents changed the name to Glen Cove; this was said to be taken from the misheard suggestion of Glencoe, meaning Glencoe, Scotland.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Glen Cove added population as workers arrived for jobs at the Duryea Corn Starch factory, which operated until 1900. The name Duryea was suggested as a name to replace Mosquito Cove but rejected.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: By 1850, Glen Cove had become a popular summer resort for New York City residents. The Long Island Rail Road was extended to Glen Cove in 1867, providing quicker, more frequent service to New York City. The availability of the train and the town's location on Long Island Sound made it attractive to year-round residents, and the population increased.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The vistas afforded of Long Island Sound from the town's rolling hills attracted late 19th-century wealthy industrial barons, including Charles Pratt and his sons, Charles Anderson Dana as well as J.P. Morgan, and F.W. Woolworth. They built large private estates along the island's North Shore. This expanse of settled wealth was part of what became known in the 1920s as the Gold Coast of Nassau County. Part of the Morgan property was donated to the city, and it now is operated as Morgan Park and Beach.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: On January 1, 1918, Glen Cove became an independent city, separating from the Town of Oyster Bay after 250 years. The incorporation was driven by a desire for its tax revenues to be used locally, rather than distributed throughout Oyster Bay. Glen Cove at the time was an especially wealthy part of the town, but the town's provisions for Glen Cove's police service and roads were seen to be inadequate given the amount of taxes levied. It was unusual in that it incorporated as a city without ever having been an incorporated village.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Before the mid-20th century, most of the mansions were adapted to other than residential purposes. Winfield Hall, the former home of F.W. Woolworth, is privately owned.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Altogether, five Pratt families owned a total of about in the area. John Teele Pratt's estate (The Manor, designed by Charles A. Platt) is operated as the Glen Cove Mansion Hotel and Conference Center.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The Braes, the country estate of Herbert L. Pratt, was purchased by the Webb Institute in 1945. After renovation, it opened the facility in 1947 as an established specialty college for naval architecture and engineering.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: George DuPont Pratt's estate Killenworth was purchased by the Soviet Union government in 1951 for use by its United Nations delegation. The Russians have used it for decades to house visitors and as a weekend retreat for its UN staff. When in the United States for meetings at the United Nations, Nikita Khrushchev in 1960, then premier of the Soviet Union, and Fidel Castro, then president of Cuba, separately stayed at Killenworth.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Like many other suburbs, Glen Cove grew rapidly in population after World War II when new residential developments were completed on former pastureland and farms. Many new residents were second- and third-generation descendants of eastern and southern European immigrants, and had moved from childhood homes in Queens or Brooklyn. Some African Americans were descendants of slaves from the colonial period, as colonists had used slaves for domestic help and farm labor; others were descendants of migrants from the South who came to New York City and the area during the Great Migration of the first half of the 20th century.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Since the late 20th century, immigrants to the city have been generally from Latin America and eastern Asia. A Sikh gurdwara established in Glen Cove draws members from the ethnic Indian population in the area.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The U.S. Post Office at Glen Cove, built in 1932 during the Great Depression, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The Justice Court Building, the former city court and later city hall and police headquarters, was added to the NRHP in 1990. It has been renovated and adapted for use as the North Shore Historical Museum. The Old Glen Cove Post Office on Glen Street was listed on the NRHP in 2010; it is now used as an architect's office.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The city is on the north shore of Long Island on Long Island Sound. The hills that stretch along the shore are terminal moraines left by glaciers of the last ice age.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The city of Glen Cove is bordered on three sides by the Town of Oyster Bay, and on the fourth by the Sound.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has , including of land and of (65.51%) water.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: According to the 2010 U.S. census, Glen Cove had a population of 26,964. In 2000, the city had a population of 26,622 people, 9,461 households, and 6,651 families residing in the city limits; in 2000 its population was spread out at 4,006.0 people per square mile (1,545.7/km). The 2019 American Community Survey determined Glen Clove's population increased to 27,166.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: At the 2000 U.S. census, there were 9,461 households, out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.7% were non-families. In 2000, 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.22. In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The median income for a household in the city was $89,000 and the median income for a family was $108,000 in 2000. Males had a median income of $61,900 versus $40,581 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,627.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: In 2019, there were 9,811 households, out of which 20.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, and 52.2% of the city population were female. Glen Clove had an owner-occupied housing rate of 52.5% and there was an average of 2.70 persons per household from 2015 to 2019. The city had a median household income of $80,702 and per capita income of $40,703. Of the total population, 13.8% were estimated to live at or below the poverty line.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: According to the 2019 American Community Survey, the U.S. Census Bureau determined 54.7% of the population was non-Hispanic white, 8.4% Black or African American, 1.0% American Indian or Alaska Native, 5.3% Asian, 2.7% two or more races, and 25.8% Hispanic or Latin American of any race. In 2010, the racial and ethnic makeup of Glen Cove was 74.2% White (59.4% non-Hispanic white), 7.2% African American, 4.6% Asian, 10.1% some other race, 3.2% two or more races, 0.4% Native American, and 0.1% Hawaiian or Pacific Islander. Hispanics or Latinos of any race made up 27.9% of the population. At the 2000 census, the racial makeup of the city was 60.28% White, 26.40% African American, 0.29% Native American, 4.11% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 5.72% from other races, and 23.15% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos people of any race were 20.0% of the population.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Acclaim Entertainment had its headquarters in One Acclaim Plaza, located in Glen Cove. Acclaim bought the three-story, , Class A office building in 1994 for $4 million.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Li Tungsten produced tungsten powder and tungsten carbide powder, along with other specialty products. The company was first known as Wah Chang Smelting and Refining Company, and later as Teledyne Wah Chang.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Company opened a Glen Cove research lab in 1932 and produced blue printing inks, carbon paper and typing ribbon until 1980.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Powers Chemco, which made photographic equipment and supplies, was renamed Chemco Technologies in 1987. It was later purchased and renamed Konica Imaging U.S.A., and is today known as Konica Minolta Holding USA Inc. The company closed its Glen Cove factory in 2006 and moved to Michigan.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: In 1953 and 1958, Pall Corporation established factories to make filtration products. One site was occupied until 1999, the other until 1971, when the building was sold to August Thomsen Corp.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Photocircuits Corporation began manufacturing circuit boards in 1951, and employed 740 workers when it closed in 2007.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Former Gladsky Marine operated a marina and marine repair facility along Glen Cove Creek from the early 1970s until 1999. The site was listed by the EPA as a cleanup site. The remediation of semi-volatile organic compounds and metals from the facility was completed in 2010.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Nearby are such attractions as the Hillwood Art Museum at C.W. Post Center of Long Island University, Nassau County Museum of Art; Old Westbury Gardens and Mansion, which holds regular concerts; Sagamore Hill National Historic Site, Theodore Roosevelt's summer White House; the Planting Fields Arboretum and Coe Mansion, which also holds concerts; and other live music venues.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: Its sister city is Sturno, Italy, where many immigrants came in the 20th century and settled in Glen Cove.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The city of Glen Cove and its residents are served by the Glen Cove City School District. Children who live in the City attend the Eugene J. Gribbin/ Katherine A. Deasy Elementary schools for grades K-2 (pre-k offered at Deasy), Landing/ Margaret. A. Connolly schools for grades 3–5, Robert M. Finley Middle School for grades 6–8, and Glen Cove High School for grades 9–12. Finley Middle School was one of ten NASSP Breakthrough Schools. The Glen Cove City School District's "Paired Plan" for elementary schools has the Gribbin and Connolly schools paired, as well as the Deasy and Landing schools. All students from across the city attend joint classes in the central Middle and High schools.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The current mayor is Pamela Panzenbeck; this position is elected at-large. She replaced two-term Mayor Tim Tenke, who succeeded Reginald Spinello. The eight-member city council is elected from single-member districts. Panzenbeck and two-thirds of her team were elected in what many political watchers and news outlets deemed a "red wave" of Democratic candidates or incumbents losing races to their Republican competitors in a possible show of voter and constituent dissatisfaction with current government affairs and local conditions. This so-called red wave affected races all over Long Island and other New York enclaves and even (to a smaller extent) states like New Jersey, in what some see as a possible precursor of things to come in the results of the upcoming November 2022 midterm elections.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: The town of Oyster Bay had jurisdiction over the area from the 1680s until 1917, when Glen Cove became an independent city. It has its own police, fire protection, and Glen Cove Emergency Medical Services. The fire department and emergency medical services are volunteer agencies. The Office of Emergency Management is responsible for the planning, coordination, and response to natural and man-made emergencies that occur within the city of Glen Cove.


title: Glen Cove, New York

text: 48. https://www.liherald.com/stories/victory-for-panzenbeck-in-glen-cove,135938#.YlV0tT2-Jz4 49. https://www.liherald.com/glencove/stories/all-saints-catholic-school-of-gc-to-close-in-june,110957 External links


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (, ; ), historically known as Akkerman () or under different names, is a city, municipality and port situated on the right bank of the Dniester Liman (on the Dniester estuary leading to the Black Sea) in Odesa Oblast of southwestern Ukraine, in the historical region of Budjak. It also serves as the administrative center of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion, one of seven districts of Odesa Oblast, and is the only locality which constitutes Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It is a location of a big freight seaport. Population:


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: The city of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi is also referred to by alternative transliterations from Ukrainian as Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky or Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyy. "Dnistrovsky" was added to differentiate it from Bilhorod that was part of the Sloboda Ukraine and carried a similar name.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: The town became part of the Principality of Moldavia in 1359. The fortress was enlarged and rebuilt in 1407 under Alexander the Good and in 1440 under Stephen II of Moldavia. It fell to Ottoman conquest on August 5, 1487. The city was known in Romanian as Cetatea Albă with other languages using the Turkish name, Akkerman, or variations of the Turkish name. Since 1944 the city has been known as "Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi" (Білгород-Дністровський), while on the Soviet geography maps often translated into its Russian equivalent of "Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy" (Бе́лгород-Днестро́вский), literally "white city on the Dniester".


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: The city is known by translations of "white city" or "castle" in a number of languages including Белгород Днестровски ("Belgorod-Dnestrovski") in Bulgarian, "Akerman" (Акерман) in Gagauz, "Białogród nad Dniestrem" in Polish, "Walachisch Weißenburg" in Transylvanian German, "Dnyeszterfehérvár" in Hungarian and ("Ir Lavan") in Hebrew.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: In Western European languages, including English, the city has typically been known by the official name of the time or a transliteration derived from it.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: The city's former name "Akkerman" is still extensively used as a nickname in informal speech and in local media.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: In the 6th century BC, Milesian colonists founded a settlement named Tyras on the future location of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi, which later came under Roman and Byzantine rule. In Late Antiquity, the Byzantines built a fortress and named it "Asprokastron" ("White Castle" - a meaning kept in several languages), but it passed out of their control in the 7th-15th centuries under control of Bulgaria, the cities called Belgorod(white city), as it was the border of the Bulgarian empire. The "Voskresensk Chronicle" lists Bilhorod "at the mouth of the Dniester, above the sea" among the towns controlled by Kyivan Rus'.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: In the 13th century the site was controlled by the Cumans, and became a center of Genoese commercial activity from on. Briefly held by the Second Bulgarian Empire in the early 14th century, by the middle of the century it was a Genoese colony. Sfântul Ioan cel Nou ("Saint John the New"), the patron saint of Moldavia, was martyred in the city in 1330 during a Tatar incursion. In 1391, Cetatea Albă was the last city on the right bank of the Dnister to be incorporated into the newly established Principality of Moldavia, and for the next century was its second major city, the major port and an important fortress.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: In 1420, the citadel was attacked for the first time by the Ottomans, but defended successfully by Moldavian Prince Alexander the Kind.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: In the 15th century, the port saw much commercial traffic as well as being frequently used for passenger traffic between central Europe and Constantinople. Among the travellers who passed through the town was John VIII Palaiologos. Following the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans in 1453, Sultan Mehmed II brought in colonists from Asprokastron to repopulate the city.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: In 1484, along with Kiliia, it was the last of the Black Sea ports to be conquered by the Ottomans. The Moldavian prince Stephen the Great was unable to aid in its defence, being under threat of a Polish invasion. The citadel surrendered when the Ottomans claimed to have reached an agreement with Prince Stephen, and promised safe passage to the inhabitants and their belongings; however, most of the city-dwellers were slaughtered. Later, attempts by Stephen the Great to restore his rule over the area were unsuccessful. Cetatea Albă was subsequently a base from which the Ottomans were able to attack Moldavia proper. In 1485, Tatars setting out from this city founded Pazardzhik in Bulgaria.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: It was established as the fortress of "Akkerman", part of the Ottoman defensive system against Poland-Lithuania and, later, the Russian Empire. Major battles between the Ottomans and the Russians were fought near Akkerman in 1770 and 1789. Russia conquered the town in 1770, 1774, and 1806, but returned it after the conclusion of hostilities. It was not incorporated into Russia until 1812, along with the rest of Bessarabia.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: On 25 September 1826, Russia and the Ottomans signed here the "Akkerman Convention" which imposed that the hospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia be elected by their respective Divans for seven-year terms, with the approval of both Powers.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: During the Russian Revolution, Akkerman was alternatively under the control of the Ukrainian People's Republic and troops loyal to the government of Soviet Russia. Furthermore, the city and the surrounding district were also claimed by the Moldovan Democratic Republic, which however had no means to enforce such claims on the ground. The city was occupied by the Romanian Army on 9 March 1918, after heavy fighting with local troops led by the Bolsheviks. Formal integration followed later that month, when an assembly of the Moldovan Democratic Republic proclaimed the whole of Bessarabia united with Romania. In the interwar period, projects aimed to expand the city and the port were reviewed. Romania ceded the city to the Soviet Union on 28 June 1940 following the 1940 Soviet Ultimatum, but regained it on 28 July 1941 during the invasion of the USSR by the Axis forces in the course of the Second World War and had it within its boundaries until 22 August 1944 when the Red Army reoccupied the city. The Soviets partitioned Bessarabia, and its southern flanks (including Bilhorod) became part of the Ukrainian SSR, and after 1991, nowadays Ukraine.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: Until 18 July 2020, Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Odesa Oblast to seven. The area of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Municipality was merged into Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: In Jewish sources, the city is referred as Weissenburg and Ir Lavan (both meaning "white city"). Karaite Jews lived there since the 16th century, some even claim the existence of Khazar Jews in the town as early as the 10th century. In 1897, 5,613 Jews lived in the city (19.9% of the total population). The town Jewish community was influenced mainly from the Jewish community of nearby Odesa. During a pogrom in 1905, eight Jews living in the city were killed. During World War II, most of the Jews living in the city fled to nearby Odesa, where they were later killed. The 800 Jews who were left in the city were shot to death in the nearby Leman river. Around 500 of the prewar town Jews survived the war, and around half of them returned to the city.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: As of 1920, the population was estimated at 35,000. 8,000 were Romanian, 8,000 were Jewish, and 5,000 were German. Additional populations included Turks, Greeks, Bulgarians and Russians.


title: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

text: According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, the majority of the city's population are Ukrainians (63%). Other important communities include Russians (28%), Bulgarians (3.7%) and Moldovans (1.9%). The language situation is notably different, with Russian-speakers representing a majority (54%), followed by speakers of Ukrainian (42%), Bulgarian (1.6%) and Romanian (1.3%).


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi (, ) is a metropolitan city and a major urban, commercial and educational centre of Bangladesh. It is also the administrative seat of the eponymous division and district. Located on the north bank of the Padma River, near the Bangladesh-India border, the city has a population of over 763,580 residents. The town is surrounded by the satellite towns of Nowhata and Katakhali, which together build an urban agglomeration of about 1 million population.


title: Rajshahi

text: Modern Rajshahi lies in the ancient region of Pundravardhana. The foundation of the city dates to 1634, according to epigraphic records at the mausoleum of Sufi saint Shah Makhdum. The area hosted a Dutch settlement in the 18th century. The Rajshahi municipality was constituted during the British Raj in 1876. It was a divisional capital of the Bengal Presidency.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi is a significant administrative, educational, cultural, and business centre in Bangladesh. It is a historic center of silk production. Varendra Research Museum, the oldest of its kind in Bangladesh, is located in the city. The city is home to many renowned educational institutions of Bangladesh. The head office of Rajshahi Agricultural Development Bank and Barind Multipurpose Development Authority (BMDA) is situated in the city. The Shah Makhdum Airport serves Rajshahi. According to The Guardian it is the cleanest city in Bangladesh.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi district was a part of the Pundra region of ancient Bengal ruled by the Pundra Kingdom. The capital of Prince Vijaya, the king who led military operations in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia was located to the west of Rajshahi town.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi was dominated by various Maharajas, Rajas and Zamindars.During "Deo Rajas period, the region was known as Mohakalgarh. In 1288-89 the Raja was defeated by Shah Makhdum Rupos. The region came to be known as "Rampur Boalia" after establishment of administrative office in 1825. The origin of the present name of "Rajshahi" is debated among scholars. Most say that it takes its name from Hindu Kings Rajshahi Raj (or "Rajas") as Raj and the persianised Shahi"'; both of which mean "royal" or "kingdom". The administrative district was established in 1772 and the municipal corporation in 1876.


title: Rajshahi

text: During the British raj, it was also known as "Beuleah" and was the administrative headquarters of Rajshahi district in Eastern Bengal and Assam. It was originally chosen as a commercial factory for the silk trade, which was being officially encouraged by the agricultural department of that time. The town contained a government college, and an industrial school for sericulture. Most of the public buildings were severely damaged by the earthquake of 12 June 1897. Throughout much of the early part of the twentieth century there was a daily steamer service on the Ganges which connected it to rail-heads that led to the then provincial capital of Calcutta as well as other cities in the province of Bengal.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi witnessed great atrocities by the Pakistan army in the 1962 Rajshahi massacres of Bangladeshis. During the Bangladesh Liberation War, Pakistan Army created an "ad hoc" Rajshahi brigade, deployed in September.


title: Rajshahi

text: Geographically Rajshahi is situated within Barind Tract, 23 m (75 ft) above sea level, and lies at . The city is located on the alluvial plains of the Padma River, which runs through southern side of the city. It is bounded on the east, north and west by Paba Upazila (subdivision of a district) of the district.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi district is bounded by Naogaon District to the north, Natore District to the east, and Chapai Nababganj District and the river Padma & Kushtia district to the south.


title: Rajshahi

text: Under the Köppen climate classification, Rajshahi has a tropical wet and dry climate. The climate of Rajshahi is generally marked with monsoons, high temperature, considerable humidity and moderate rainfall. The hot season commences early in March and continues till the middle of July. The maximum mean temperature observed is about during the months of April, May, June and July and the minimum temperature recorded in January is about . The highest rainfall is observed during the months of monsoon. The annual rainfall in the district is about .


title: Rajshahi

text: Although once noted for its air pollution, since 2014 the levels of particulates have been dramatically reduced by various efforts to switch to cleaner fuels and to battery-powered vehicles, to pave earth streets, to encourage walking and bicycle transport, and to plant vegetation. The levels of PM10 dropped by 67% and PM2.5 which are particularly harmful to human health, dropped from 70 to 37 micrograms per cubic metre between 2014 and 2016.


title: Rajshahi

text: Shaheed A.H.M Qamaruzzaman Central Park and Zoo is one of the popular public places of Rajshahi city. A wide area with green trees and grasses houses different animal species. It is located by the bank of the Padma River. Other parks in the city are Bhubon Mohon park and Captain Monsur Ali park. Shahid Zia children's park is specially designed for children's amusement. The bank of the Padma river along the city is also a destination for recreation. The bank is a planned zone in many parts of the city to accommodate city dwellers for recreation purposes. In 2015, Munsguard park near the old Dutch Boro Kuthi building and Lalonshah park near Shahmukhdum Eidgah was built bordering the bank to provide residents a place to enjoy the views of the Padma river.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi is the headquarter of one of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Divisional Commissioner, who is the administrative chief of Rajshahi Division, DIG for Rajshahi division and other divisional civil servants have their own offices in the city, which functions as part of the government administrative setup. Deputy Commissioner (DC) who is the administrative chief of Rajshahi District, Civil Surgeon and other district level civil servants have their offices in the city. District judges as well as Metropolitan magistrates have their offices within the city.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi is one of seven metropolitan cities in Bangladesh. One mayor and 30 ward commissioners are elected for five-year terms by direct votes. Rajshahi City Corporation is responsible for all the administrative work related to city governance under its jurisdiction.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi Metropolitan Police (RMP), headed by a Commissioner, controls law and order as well as traffic movements within the metropolitan area.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi Unnayan Kortripokhkho/Rajshahi Development Authority (RDA) plans and coordinates the development related works within metropolitan area. Rajshahi WASA is responsible for water supply and drainage system within city area.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi has been famous for its silk textiles since the British period. There are also several jute mills in Rajshahi. At present many glass making factories have been set up in Rajshahi. Rajshahi City Corporation has constructed BSIC. Industrial City-02 in Paba Upazila of Rajshahi. And work is underway on a leather industry area. There will also be a 1,200-acre industrial zone under the Bangladesh Economic Zone (BEPZA). Bangabandhu Hi-Tech Park will play an important role in the development of IT in Rajshahi. When completed, it will revolutionize information and communication technology in the region, which will employ about 50,000 people.


title: Rajshahi

text: There is also a char on the banks of the river Padma near the city of Rajshahi. Rajshahi City Corporation has plans to build another economic zone on the char. When the construction of the char is completed, it will become the commercial center of North Bengal


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi is famous for Rajshahi silk, which has a special status as clothing material in Indian subcontinent. Rajshahi is the home of the region's best mangoes and lichis. Rajshahi is also the location of Barendra Museum, which is known for its collection of local sculpture and other artifacts dating from medieval times. It also has some important structures made by the British like the T Dam.


title: Rajshahi

text: "Pohela Baishakh", the Bengali New Year, and Pahela Falgun, the first day of spring of the Bengali month Falgun, in the Bengali calendar, is celebrated in the city in a festive manner. There are widespread celebration of Muslim festivals of Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Adha, and Muharram; Hindu festivals of Durga Puja, Buddhist festival of Buddha Purnima; and the Christian festival of Christmas across the city.


title: Rajshahi

text: There are many Bengali daily newspapers published from the city, including "Sonali Sangbad", "Sunshine", "Dainik Barta", "Sonar Desh", "Natun Provat", and "Amader Rajshahi". There are also many online news portal such as Uttarkal, Padmatimes24, rajshahinews24.com, silkcitynews.com, and others.


title: Rajshahi

text: A local FM radio station, Radio Padma, transmits at 99.2 MHz frequency and Radio Foorti transmits at 88.0 MHz.


title: Rajshahi

text: There is also five pressclub in Rajshahi City.Known as Rajshahi City Press Club, Rajshahi Press Club, Rajshahi Metropolitan Press Club, Rajshahi Varendra Press Club and Rajshahi Model Press Club.


title: Rajshahi

text: There are three 15,000+ capacity stadium in the city. One at the centre of the city which is normally called the Rajshahi District Stadium, another is inside the Rajshahi University and the last one basically used for cricket is located at Terokhadia called Shaheed Qamaruzzaman Stadium. There is also an international standard tennis complex and few sports training academy in the city.


title: Rajshahi

text: Many national level footballers groomed in the city such as former Bangladesh national team captain Mohammed Mohsin and recently midfielder Manik Hossain Molla. The city is the home of several national level club teams like Digonto Proshari and Sonali Otit. There are also a few football training academies including one in the Rajshahi's central "eidgah" (large open ground used on special occasions for Muslim prayers) and in the Zilla stadium.


title: Rajshahi

text: The city is an important place for cricket in Bangladesh. As regular supplier of cricketer in the national team, it is also the home of Bangladesh Premier League team Rajshahi Kings. The city has two cricket academies Banglatrack and Clemon, to grow and train upcoming cricketers.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi is also known for hockey. There are many local hockey practice clubs that give opportunity to play in national, inter-university, college, and school levels. There are National Team hockey players from Rajshahi. Late Mintu was one of them and by his name there is "Mintu Chottor" at lokkhipur mor, Rajshahi.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi is connected to most other parts of the country via the N6 national highway. There are two intercity bus terminal in the city. It takes about 5 to 6 hours by road to reach the capital city Dhaka. A number of bus services, including air-conditioned and non-air conditioned buses, are available to and from Dhaka. Bus services to other major cities and districts headquarter are also available from Rajshahi.


title: Rajshahi

text: Four inter-city train services are operated by Bangladesh Railway, named "Silk City Express", "Padma Express" and "Dhumketu Express", and Bonolota Express between Dhaka and Rajshahi railway station regularly. There are other inter-city, mail and local trains operated from Rajshahi to Khulna and other regions of the country.


title: Rajshahi

text: The city is served by Shah Makhdum Airport, named after the Islamic preacher Shah Makhdum Rupos, situated at Nowhata, a commuter town of the city. Biman Bangladesh Airlines, Novoair, and US-Bangla Airlines operate domestic flights to and from Dhaka.


title: Rajshahi

text: Cycle rickshaws and auto rickshaws are the main mode of transport within the city and metro area. Once there were plenty of Tomtom (horse driven cart) in the city, which are still found, but fewer in numbers. There are bus and minibus services in a limited number of routes, connecting suburban areas of the city. Plenty of rental car agencies operate within the city and metro area, where sedans, SUVs, and micro-buses are available to hire on an hourly or daily basis. Ride sharing services like Uber and "Obhai" also available in the city.


title: Rajshahi

text: The city has many government, private and NGO run hospitals. Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) is a tertiary level public hospital with a teaching facility in graduate and postgraduate medical education. There are two private medical college hospitals, and another two are under construction in the city. There are also a government run children's hospital, one chest hospital, a district level government hospital and a Christian missionary hospital within the city area.


title: Rajshahi

text: At the time of the 2011 census, Rajshahi had a population of 449,756 in 99,545 households. Rajshahi has a sex ratio of 930 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate of 74.1%.


title: Rajshahi

text: Bengali is the main language for the citizens of the city. Many distinctive Bengali dialects and regional languages are also spoken. There is a minority Urdu-speaking population, who are descendants of displaced Muslims from the eastern part of British India who sought refuge during separation of India and Pakistan in 1947.


title: Rajshahi

text: Rajshahi is home to many government and private educational institutions. The city is home to the Rajshahi College- which is the third oldest college in Bangladesh after Dhaka College, and Chittagong College, Rajshahi Medical College, the second oldest medical college in erstwhile East Pakistan. The University of Rajshahi is the second oldest and one of the largest public universities in the country. Rajshahi Engineering College, now known as RUET, was the second engineering college established in the then East Pakistan in 1964.


title: Michael Amott

text: Michael Amott (born 28 July 1969) is a Swedish guitarist, founding member of the metal bands Arch Enemy, Spiritual Beggars and Carnage, as well as a former member of Carcass. He is the older brother of Christopher Amott.


title: Michael Amott

text: Amott was born in Halmstad, Sweden, to a British father and Swedish mother. Soon after his birth the family moved to England where Amott lived the first five years of his life, after which they moved back to Sweden.


title: Michael Amott

text: Amott began playing guitar as a young teenager, learning to play by copying hardcore punk and heavy metal out of his record collection. Amott soon went to a new level with his playing and became influenced by players such as Tony Iommi, Frank Marino, Michael Schenker, Kerry King, Dave Mustaine, Ritchie Blackmore, Glenn Tipton, Adrian Smith, and Uli Jon Roth. He has stated in guitar magazines that he has a preference for pentatonics.


title: Michael Amott

text: Amott co-formed the death metal band Carnage in 1988 with singer Johan Liiva, and released two widely traded cassette demos, gaining instant underground interest. Plagued by constant lineup changes, Carnage eventually recorded their only album "Dark Recollections" with Amott as the sole original member, but by the time the album came out on Necrosis records in 1990, the band was broken up.


title: Michael Amott

text: Soon afterwards, Amott was recruited by Carcass in 1990, and released the seminal album "Necroticism – Descanting the Insalubrious" in 1991. The band would go on to release their highest selling album, "Heartwork" (Columbia/Sony), in 1993, helping to define what is now known as melodic death metal.


title: Michael Amott

text: Amott left Carcass in 1993, and decided to form a classic rock influenced band, Spiritual Beggars. The band released their debut album "Spiritual Beggars" in 1994, which led to a European record deal with Music for Nations, who released "Another Way to Shine" in 1996.


title: Michael Amott

text: Still heavily into extreme metal, Amott formed a new melodic death metal project in the same vein as Carcass, whose "Heartwork" album was now considered a death metal masterpiece. Amott contacted original Carnage vocalist Johan Liiva, as well as his younger brother Christopher Amott, who was attending music school at the time, and put together Arch Enemy. Featuring then session drummer Daniel Erlandsson, the band's first album "Black Earth" was originally intended to be a one-off project, but the album's first single, ""Bury Me An Angel"" received unexpected airplay on Japan's MTV Rocks! program, and in 1997 Arch Enemy was signed by major Japanese label Toy's Factory, and invited to tour Japan. Amott decided to put a full band together, recruiting drummer Peter Wildoer (Darkane), and bassist Martin Bengtsson.


title: Michael Amott

text: After the Japanese tour, Amott returned to Spiritual Beggars and released "Mantra III" early in 1998, now featuring Per Wiberg on keyboards. In April the same year, Arch Enemy returned with "Stigmata", their first album released outside Japan, now on Century Media records. The album would prove to be a critical success, and Arch Enemy toured for the better part of the year. Later the same year Amott also contributed guitars to the Candlemass album "Dactylis Glomerata".


title: Michael Amott

text: Arch Enemy returned in 1999 with "Burning Bridges" and "Burning Japan Live 1999" which would prove to be Johan Liiva's last recording with the band. Amott went on to release "Ad Astra" with Spiritual Beggars in 2000, then returned to Arch Enemy, and recruited amateur German vocalist Angela Gossow to replace Liiva in 2000. Arch Enemy released "Wages of Sin" in 2001, and propelled by the new frontwoman, the band achieved new worldwide success. Arch Enemy toured worldwide in support of "Wages of Sin", and Amott did not return to his Spiritual Beggars project until late 2002, releasing "On Fire", again on Music for Nations.


title: Michael Amott

text: In 2003, Arch Enemy released "Anthems of Rebellion", again on Century Media, and for the first time, Arch Enemy received US MTV airplay with the video for ""We Will Rise"". The band would reach new heights in popularity worldwide, and toured constantly until the release of 2005s "Doomsday Machine". Amott returned once again to Spiritual Beggars in 2005, releasing the album "Demons".


title: Michael Amott

text: In 2006, Amott made his voice acting debut when he appeared on the Adult Swim show Metalocalypse. In the episode "Snakes 'n Barrels", he voiced scientist Dr. Amomolith Chesterfield and Snakes 'n Barrels bassist Antonio Tony DiMarco Thunderbottom, who would end up getting his memory erased during the first song of their reunion show. Amott returned for more voice acting in the second season of Metalocalypse in the episode "Snakes n' Barrels II" (Part 1 and 2).


title: Michael Amott

text: In 2007, Arch Enemy released "Rise of the Tyrant" on Century Media and embarked on a world tour dubbed "World Tyranny".


title: Michael Amott

text: In 2008, Amott joined the re-united Carcass and toured with them extensively in Europe, North America, South America, Australia, South Africa and Japan until the summer of 2010.


title: Michael Amott

text: Today, Amott is busy touring the world with Arch Enemy on the band's current "Will to Power" touring cycle. Amott has also sporadically returned to Spiritual Beggars for the "Return To Zero" (2010), "Earth Blues" (2013) and "Sunrise to Sundown" albums and tours.


title: Michael Amott

text: Amott has been a vegetarian since the age of 14. He is a self-taught guitar player. He dated former band member Angela Gossow (at one point being engaged to marry her in 2003), but the two are no longer together after thirteen years and still remain friends.


title: Michael Amott

text: Amott's lead playing takes most obviously after Michael Schenker, though he also acknowledges Uli Jon Roth, Frank Marino, Ritchie Blackmore and Tony Iommi as influences on his playing style. Overall, Amott's playing is based on the Aeolian mode as well as the minor pentatonic scale, with heavy use of the wah pedal as a filter to shape his guitar's tone. Some major influences in his music have been Tony Iommi, Michael Schenker, Uli Jon Roth and Dave Mustaine.


title: Michael Amott

text: The 'Tyrant' series is similar to his previous ESP Signature V's, but does feature some differences from them. The 'Tyrant' series features a customized V body shape, Dean's traditional headstock shape, custom graphics and custom pearl Valknut inlays. The 'Tyrant' series are equipped with Dean USA Pickups: a Michael Amott signature humbucker in the bridge and a Time Capsule humbucker in the neck. The guitar has 22 frets.


title: Brady Hoke

text: Brady Patrick Hoke (; born November 3, 1958) is an American football coach in his second stint as the head coach at San Diego State University. He was previously the head coach at the University of Michigan from 2011 to 2014.


title: Brady Hoke

text: Hoke grew up in Ohio and attended Ball State University, where he played linebacker from 1977 to 1980. He began his coaching career in 1982 and held assistant coaching positions at Grand Valley State (1983), Western Michigan (1984–1986), Toledo (1987–1989), Oregon State (1989–1994), and Michigan (1995–2002).


title: Brady Hoke

text: Hoke left his assistant coaching position at Michigan in December 2002 to become the head football coach at his alma mater, Ball State. In six years at Ball State, Hoke was credited with turning around the football program. In 2008, he led the Ball State football team to a 12–1 record and the first appearance in the Associated Press Top 25 (peaking at No. 12) in school history. In December 2008, Hoke was hired as the head football coach at San Diego State University. He led the 2010 San Diego State Aztecs football team to the school's first season with at least nine wins since 1977 and a victory over Navy in the 2010 Poinsettia Bowl.


title: Brady Hoke

text: He returned to Michigan after he was hired as the program's 19th head football coach on January 11, 2011. In his inaugural season with the Wolverines, he led them to an 11–2 record, taking Michigan to their first BCS Bowl game since the 2006 season, where Michigan defeated the Virginia Tech Hokies in the 2012 Sugar Bowl. On December 2, 2014, Michigan fired Hoke after four seasons. He was also the interim head coach at the University of Tennessee at the end of the 2017 season.


title: Brady Hoke

text: Hoke graduated from Fairmont East High School in Kettering, Ohio, in 1977. While at Fairmont East, Hoke played linebacker/defensive end and was also on the school's wrestling squad. His father, John Hoke, played for future Ohio State coach Woody Hayes at Miami University, alongside future Michigan coach Bo Schembechler. Despite his father's association with Hayes, Hoke recalled that, while he was growing up in Kettering, he was a Michigan fan. He went on to play football as a linebacker at Ball State University, where he was a four-year letterman from 1977 to 1980. He helped the Ball State Cardinals win the 1978 MAC championship. He tallied 99 tackles as a sophomore, 95 as a junior and 150 as a senior. He was the captain of Ball State's 1980 team and was selected as a second-team All-MAC player.


title: Brady Hoke

text: Hoke began his coaching career in 1982 as the defensive coordinator and offensive line coach at Yorktown High School in Yorktown, Indiana.


title: Brady Hoke

text: Hoke began his college coaching career as the defensive line coach at Grand Valley State University in 1983. The following year, he joined Jack Harbaugh's staff at Western Michigan University. He was Western Michigan's defensive line coach from 1984 to 1986. Also on the coaching staff were current Baltimore Ravens head coach John Harbaugh, current Ohio State co-defensive coordinator Greg Mattison, and current Washington State offensive analyst Dan Ferrigno.


title: Brady Hoke

text: Hoke served as an assistant coach at Oregon State University from 1989 to 1994 under head coaches Dave Kragthorpe and his successor Jerry Pettibone. He was the Beavers' defensive line coach in every season except 1990, when coached the inside linebackers. The Beavers went 4–7–1 and 1–10 in Hoke's first two years in Corvallis, resulting in the firing of Kragthorpe. Hoke was retained in 1991 by Oregon State's new head coach, Jerry Pettibone. The Beavers had consecutive one-win seasons in 1991 and 1992 and back-to-back four win seasons in 1993 and 1994. Despite the team's struggles, Hoke later credited Kragthorpe with teaching him many lessons: "One of the big things coach Pettibone instilled in me was the recruiting process, and the work ethic that it takes to recruit, and the other factors, as far as trying to get a team ready every week, coming off a couple of lean years, and the intenseness of the rivalry with Oregon."


title: Brady Hoke

text: In February 1995, Hoke was hired as an assistant coach at the University of Michigan under head coach Gary Moeller. He was the defensive end coach in 1995 and 1996 and defensive line coach from 1997 to 2002. In May 2002, Michigan head coach Lloyd Carr named Hoke as associate head coach, the only member of the staff with that distinction. At the time, Hoke told the press, "Every year you learn more and more what the head coach has to do. I'm very honored to represent this school. I grew up a big Michigan fan, and I think it's a place that's special in a lot of ways." During Hoke's eight years at Michigan, the Wolverines compiled a 75–23 record, went to a bowl game every year and won the national championship in 1997. While at Michigan, Hoke was assigned to recruit in California. One of the players Hoke recruited to Michigan was future legendary NFL quarterback Tom Brady. Hoke recalled: "Tom wasn't the greatest athlete, with those skinny legs, but there was something about him."


title: Brady Hoke

text: Although Hoke was an assistant under head coaches Moeller and Carr at Michigan, Bo Schembechler remained at Michigan in the early part of Hoke's tenure. Interviewed in 2009, Hoke recalled the example set by Schembechler: "When I was at Michigan, Bo Schembechler's office was five doors down from mine. Having the opportunity to talk with him on a daily basis was something that transferred those values that are most important if you're going to be successful."


title: Brady Hoke

text: In December 2002, Hoke was hired as the 14th head football coach at his alma mater, Ball State University, signing a five-year contract at $125,000 per season. He was among a group of candidates to succeed Bill Lynch, which included Illinois secondary coach Mike Mallory, Ohio State linebackers coach Mark Snyder, and Wisconsin offensive coordinator Brian White. Hoke told reporters that the moment he heard the vacancy sign was out at Ball State, he knew he wanted to be the school's next head football coach: "There is no doubt." Hoke added, "It is great to return to the school that enabled me to get an education and play football. I am looking forward to representing a great university with integrity and pride." Michigan's head coach Lloyd Carr praised Hoke: "Brady has done a tremendous job at Michigan. He is a great recruiter. One of the things I try to do is hire people that have the potential to become head coaches. He is goal-oriented and has a great motivation to be the best that he can be."


title: Brady Hoke

text: Hoke took over a Ball State football program that had not had a winning record since 1996. Hoke's teams won only 10 games in his first three seasons as head coach. Hoke began to turn this around in his fourth year as the team finished 5–7 (5–3) in 2006. In 2007, the team improved to 7–5 in the regular season, as sophomore quarterback Nate Davis passed for 3,376 yards and 27 touchdowns. The 2007 Ball State team nearly upset the Nebraska Cornhuskers, but a late touchdown gave Nebraska a 41–40 win. The team was invited to play in the International Bowl in Toronto, losing to Rutgers, 52–30.