title: Ingress (video game)

text: "Ingress" has been the subject of academic study on the relationship between regionalism and globalism, and its badge system has been used as an example in a case study of gamification. Erin Stark argues that the game's system of players nominating portals based on street art is in effect the players curating a sense of place and a more flexible cultural heritage. Spanner Spencer, writing for PocketGamer, noted that there was no casual way of playing "Ingress" and that it demanded dedication and teamwork.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: "Ingress" has been read as a gift economy in which players swap datafication of their physical location for gameplay.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: "Ingress" is considered to be a location-based exergame. Niantic offers a set of guidelines for players that warn against trespass in its Terms of Service and reinforces that the player is responsible for their own conduct while playing the game. Legal expert Brian Wassom regards this as an important factor in AR games reducing the legal risk they bear when directing players to go to a location.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: Kai-Uwe Werbeck argues that the role-playing of the "Ingress" storyline challenges and reinforces postmodernism.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: According to Alex Dalenberg of American City Business Journals, as of May 2013 there were about 500,000 players globally. In an interview in August 2013 with the fan site "Decode Ingress", Niantic founder John Hanke said "There have been over 1M downloads and a large chunk of those are active." In February 2014 there were 2 million players. As of 2015, the game had been downloaded over 8 million times. In 2015, Niantic told "Tom's Hardware" that they had 7 million players.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: Speaking with CNN, CEO John Hanke said he didn't expect players to start talking to each other and forming clubs. The game has attracted an enthusiastic following in cities worldwide amongst both young and old, to the extent that the gameplay is itself a lifestyle for some, including tattoos. Players have even leased airplanes, helicopters, and boats to reach portals in remote areas of Siberia and Alaska.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: There are times when the game's backstory is ignored and agents from both factions cooperate for the sake of real-life gameplay and game balance: for example, by establishing neutral zones and rules of engagement; for training new players; for socializing; and occasionally for serious real-life purposes such as honoring fallen heroes.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: The game has received local media coverage, including for players organizing events such as creating links between portals at war memorials for Memorial Day.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: On July 31, 2016, 49 players from both factions in South Africa collaborated to create a work of field art, a way to create control fields to form a picture or artistic design, of a rhinoceros, covering approximately to raise awareness of rhino poaching in Southern Africa.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: At the time of Ingress's launch in 2012, users noted and criticized "Ingress" for appearing very similar to "Shadow Cities", an older, now-defunct, augmented reality game. Both have two factions that are fighting for the future of the world with smartphones. Though the games have similar game mechanics and look-and-feel, there are clear differences. In "Shadow Cities", players are in the virtual world, which is dynamically mapped around them, and can teleport within the virtual world, whereas in "Ingress", the portals are real-world locations that players generally have to actually move to in order to play. "Shadow Cities" was shut down on October 7, 2013.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: Portals which had been approved within the Nazi concentration camps of Dachau and Sachsenhausen were removed in July 2015; Gabriele Hammermann, director of the memorial site at Dachau, told the Deutsche Presse-Agentur that Google's original approval of these portals was a humiliation for victims of the Nazi camps and their relatives, and Niantic founder John Hanke stated that "we apologize that this has happened."


title: Ingress (video game)

text: Some players have attracted the attention of law enforcement while playing the game, and hence commentary on the interaction of augmented reality games with real life. Because it can take some time for players to successfully "hack" a portal, they can draw the attention of law enforcement. In addition, some players play while driving slowly around an area, which is not recommended by the game developers and attracts the attention of law enforcement. The Center for Internet Security recommended that law enforcement officers be apprised of the game, and warned that it may be difficult to determine if a malicious actor is using the game as a cover. Furthermore, players have used unofficial apps to stalk each other.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: In 2014, a 16-year-old player in Brazil died after being hit by a bus while playing. In 2015, an Irish player fell into the sea and drowned while trying to capture Poolbeg Lighthouse at night.


title: Ingress (video game)

text: In September 2019, Niantic informed their player base that XM anomaly events would be a paid event going forward. This was done as a surprise with the next anomaly approaching four weeks. Another criticism for the paid events is the events are organized by players with what can be seen as minor involvement from Niantic.


title: Adam Worth

text: Adam Worth (18448 January 1902) was a crime boss and fraudster. His career in crime, stretching from the United States to Europe and South Africa, included the infamous theft of Gainsborough's celebrated Portrait of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, which he retained for 25 years. In London, he lived as a respected member of high society under the alias Henry Judson Raymond. Scotland Yard Detective Robert Anderson nicknamed him "the Napoleon of the criminal world" (because of his short stature). He is widely considered the inspiration for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional criminal mastermind James Moriarty in the Sherlock Holmes series.


title: Adam Worth

text: Adam Worth was born into a poor Jewish family somewhere in Germany. His original surname might have been "Werth". When he was five years old, his family moved to the United States and settled in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where Worth's father became a tailor. In 1854, Worth ran away from home and moved first to Boston and then, in 1860, to New York City. He worked as a clerk in a department store for one month.


title: Adam Worth

text: When the American Civil War broke out, Worth was 17. He lied about his age and enlisted in the Union army. He was wounded in the Second Battle of Bull Run on 30 August 1862 and shipped to a Georgetown Hospital in Washington, D.C. In the hospital, he learned he had been listed as killed in action and left. (Worth is often confused with Adam Wirth, who served in the 2nd New York Heavy Artillery, Battery L (later designated 34th New York Battery), died at Georgetown Hospital of wounds he suffered at the Second Battle of Bull Run, and was buried in Washington, D.C. Adam Wirth and his family were residents of College Point, Long Island, New York, and had no connection with Adam Worth.)


title: Adam Worth

text: Worth became a bounty jumper, enlisting into various regiments under assumed names, receiving his bounty, and then deserting. When the Pinkerton Detective Agency began to track him, like many others using similar methods, he fled from New York City and went to Portsmouth.


title: Adam Worth

text: After the war, Worth became a pickpocket in New York. In time, he founded his own gang of pickpockets, and then began to organize robberies and heists. When he was caught stealing the cash box of an Adams Express wagon, he was sentenced to three years in Sing Sing prison. He soon escaped and resumed his criminal career.


title: Adam Worth

text: Worth began to work for the prominent fence and criminal organizer Fredericka "Marm" Mandelbaum. With her help, he expanded into bank and store robberies around 1866 and eventually began to plan his own robberies. In 1869, he helped Mandelbaum break safecracker Charley Bullard out of the White Plains Jail, through a tunnel.


title: Adam Worth

text: With Bullard, Worth robbed the vault of the Boylston National Bank in Boston on 20 November 1869, again through a tunnel, this time from a neighboring shop. The bank alerted the Pinkertons, who tracked the shipment of trunks Worth and Bullard had used to ship the loot to New York. Worth decided to move to Europe with Bullard.


title: Adam Worth

text: Bullard and Worth went first to Liverpool. Bullard took the identity of "Charles H. Wells", a Texas oilman. Worth was financier "Henry Judson Raymond" – a name that he "borrowed" from the late founder editor of "The New York Times", and which he would use for years afterwards. They began to compete for the favors of a barmaid named Kitty Flynn, who eventually learned their true identities. She became Bullard's wife, but did not disfavor Worth. In October 1870, Kitty gave birth to a daughter, Lucy Adeleine, and seven years later had another daughter named Katherine Louise. The paternity of these two girls is left up to debate. It is possible that Kitty herself did not know, but Bullard and Worth claimed each child all the same. William Pinkerton (son of Allan Pinkerton and a detective with Pinkerton) believed Worth fathered both of Kitty's daughters.


title: Adam Worth

text: When the Bullards went on their honeymoon, Worth began to rob local pawnshops. He shared the loot with Bullard and Flynn when they came back, and together, the three moved to Paris in 1871.


title: Adam Worth

text: In Paris, the police force was still in disarray after the events of the Paris Commune. Worth and his associates founded an "American Bar", a restaurant and bar on the ground floor, and a gambling den on the upper floor. Because gambling was illegal, the gambling tables were built so that they could be folded inside the walls and the floor. A buzzer would be sounded from downstairs to alert the customers before any police raid. Worth formed a new gang of associates, including some of his old comrades from New York.


title: Adam Worth

text: When William Pinkerton (by then president of the Pinkerton Detective Agency) visited the place in 1873, Worth recognized him. Later the Paris police raided the place numerous times, and Worth and the Bullards decided to abandon the restaurant. Worth used his place for the last time to defraud a diamond dealer, and the three moved to London.


title: Adam Worth

text: In England, Worth and his associates bought Western Lodge at Clapham Common. He also leased an apartment in Mayfair and joined high society. He formed his own criminal network and organized major robberies and burglaries through several intermediaries. Those who worked in his schemes never knew his name. He insisted that his subordinates not use violence.


title: Adam Worth

text: Eventually, Scotland Yard learned of Worth's network, though they were initially unable to prove anything. Inspector John Shore made Worth's capture his personal mission.


title: Adam Worth

text: Things began to go wrong when Worth's brother John was sent to cash a forged check in Paris, for which he was arrested and extradited to England. Worth managed to exonerate him and get him sent back to the United States. Four of his associates were arrested in Istanbul for spreading more forged letters of credit, and he had to use a considerable amount of money to buy off the judges and the police. Bullard became increasingly violent, as his alcoholism worsened, and he eventually left for New York, followed soon afterward by Kitty.


title: Adam Worth

text: In 1876, Worth personally stole Thomas Gainsborough's recently rediscovered painting of Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire from a London gallery of Thomas Agnew & Sons with the help of two associates. He liked the painting and did not try to sell it. The two men who assisted in the robbery, Junka Phillips and Little Joe, grew impatient. Phillips tried to get him to talk about the theft in the presence of a police informer, and Worth effectively fired him. Worth gave Little Joe money to return to the United States, where he tried to rob the Union Trust Company, was arrested, and talked to the Pinkertons. They alerted Scotland Yard, but they still could not prove anything.


title: Adam Worth

text: Worth kept the painting with him even when he was traveling and organizing new schemes and robberies. Eventually, he traveled to South Africa, where he stole $500,000 worth of uncut diamonds. Back in London, he founded Wynert & Company, which sold diamonds at a lower price than its competitors.


title: Adam Worth

text: In the 1880s, Worth married a Louise Margaret Boljahn, while still using the name Henry Raymond. They had a son Henry and a daughter Beatrice. It is possible his wife did not know his real identity. He smuggled the painting to the United States and left it there.


title: Adam Worth

text: In 1892, Worth decided to visit Belgium, where Bullard was in jail. Bullard had been working with Max Shinburn (also Maximilian Schönbein), Worth's rival, when police captured them both. Worth had heard that Bullard had recently died.


title: Adam Worth

text: On 5 October, Worth improvised a robbery of a money delivery cart in Liège with two untried associates, one of them the American Johnny Curtin. The robbery went badly, and the police captured Worth on the spot. The two others got away.


title: Adam Worth

text: In jail, Worth refused to identify himself, and the Belgian police made inquiries abroad. Both the New York Police Department and Scotland Yard identified him as Worth, although the Pinkertons did not say anything. Max Shinburn, now in jail, told the police everything he knew. In jail, Worth heard nothing about his family in London, but received a letter from Kitty Flynn, who offered to finance his defense.


title: Adam Worth

text: Worth's trial took place on 20 March 1893. The prosecutor used everything he knew about Worth. Worth flatly denied that he had anything to do with various crimes, saying that the last robbery had been a stupid act he had committed out of a need for money. All the other accusations, including those by British and American police, were mere hearsay. He claimed that his wealth came out of legal gambling. In the end, Worth was sentenced to seven years for robbery and was sent to Leuven prison.


title: Adam Worth

text: During Worth's first year in jail, Shinburn hired other inmates to beat Worth up. Later, Worth heard that Johnny Curtin, who was supposed to have taken care of his wife, had seduced and abandoned her. She had been committed to an asylum. The children were in the care of his brother John in the United States.


title: Adam Worth

text: Worth was released early for good behavior in 1897. He returned to London and stole £4,000 from a diamond shop to get funds. When he visited his wife in the asylum, she barely recognized him. He traveled to New York and visited his children. Then he proceeded to meet with William Pinkerton, to whom he described the events of his life in great detail. The manuscript that Pinkerton wrote after Worth left is still preserved in the archives of the Pinkerton Detective Agency in Van Nuys, California.


title: Adam Worth

text: Through Pinkerton, Worth arranged the return of the painting "Duchess of Devonshire" to Agnew & Sons in return for $25,000. The portrait and payment were exchanged in Chicago on 28 March 1901. Worth returned to London with his children and spent the rest of his life with them. It is said he lived "extravagantly on the proceeds of his business as a receiver for an international agency of thieves." His son took advantage of an agreement between his father and Allan Pinkerton and became a career Pinkerton detective.


title: Adam Worth

text: Adam Worth died on 8 January 1902. He was buried in Highgate Cemetery in a mass pauper's grave under the name of "Henry J. Raymond". A small tombstone was erected to mark his resting place in 1997 by the Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation.


title: Adam Worth

text: According to Vincent Starrett, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle used Worth as the prototype for Sherlock Holmes' adversary, Professor Moriarty: "The original of Moriarty was Adam Worth, who stole the famous Gainsborough, in 1876, and hid it for a quarter of a century. This was revealed by Sir Arthur in conversation with Dr Gray Chandler Briggs, some years ago."


title: Adam Worth

text: Michael Caine played Adam Worth in the film "Harry and Walter Go to New York" (1976). Though Worth is correctly portrayed as a criminal mastermind, the events of the story are not based on true events.


title: Adam Worth

text: In the eighth season of the CBS series "Criminal Minds", Adam Worth is used as a pseudonym for the season's main villain, John Curtis (Mark Hamill).


title: Adam Worth

text: In the SyFy series "Sanctuary" (2007), Adam Worth is one of the main villains, although his character is Irish and includes elements of Robert Louis Stevenson's "Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde" (1886).


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: Charles of Valois (12 March 1270 – 16 December 1325), the fourth son of King Philip III of France and Isabella of Aragon, was a member of the House of Capet and founder of the House of Valois, whose rule over France would start in 1328.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: Charles ruled several principalities. He held in appanage the counties of Valois, Alençon (1285), and Perche. Through his marriage to his first wife, Margaret, Countess of Anjou and Maine, he became Count of Anjou and Maine. Through his marriage to his second wife, Catherine I of Courtenay, Empress of Constantinople, he was titular Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1301–1307, although he ruled from exile and only had authority over Crusader States in Greece.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: As the grandson of King Louis IX of France, Charles of Valois was a son, brother, brother-in-law and son-in-law of kings or queens (of France, Navarre, England and Naples). His descendants, the House of Valois, would become the royal house of France three years after his death, beginning with his eldest son King Philip VI of France.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: Besides holding in appanage the counties of Valois, Alençon and Perche, Charles became in 1290 the Count of Anjou and of Maine by his first marriage with Margaret of Anjou, the eldest daughter of King Charles II of Naples, titular King of Sicily; by a second marriage that he contracted with the heiress of Emperor Baldwin II of Constantinople, last Latin emperor of Constantinople, he also had pretensions to the throne of Constantinople.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: From his early years, Charles of Valois dreamed of more and sought all his life for a crown he never obtained. Starting in 1284, Pope Martin IV recognized him as King of Aragon (under the vassalage of the Holy See), as the son of his mother, Isabella of Aragon, in opposition to King Peter III of Aragon, who after the conquest of the island of Sicily was an enemy of the Papacy. Charles hence married Margaret, the daughter of the Neapolitan king, in order to re-enforce his position in Sicily which was supported by the Pope. Thanks to this Aragonese Crusade undertaken by his father King Philip III against the advice of his elder brother Philip the Fair, he believed he would win a kingdom and however won nothing but the ridicule of having been crowned with a cardinal's hat in 1285, which gave him the alias of the "King of the Cap." He would never dare to use the royal seal which was made on this occasion and had to renounce the title.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: His principal quality was to be a good military leader. Charles commanded effectively in Flanders in 1297. Thus his elder brother, King Philip IV of France, quickly deduced that Charles could conduct an expedition in Italy against King Frederick III of Sicily. The affair was ended by the Treaty of Caltabellotta.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: Dreaming at the same time for an imperial crown, Charles married secondly to Catherine I of Courtenay in 1301, who was the titular Empress of Constantinople. But it needed the connivance of Pope Boniface VIII, which he obtained by his expedition to Italy, where the Pope supported Charles's father-in-law King Charles II against King Frederick III, his cousin. Named papal vicar, Charles of Valois lost himself in the complexity of Italian politics, was compromised in a massacre at Florence, and in sordid financial extremities, reached Sicily where he consolidated his reputation as a looter and finally returned to France discredited in 1301–1302.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: Charles was back in shape to seek a new crown when the German King Albert I of Germany was murdered in 1308. Charles's brother King Philip IV, who did not wish to take the risk himself of a check and probably thought that a French puppet on the imperial throne would be a good thing for France, encouraged him. The candidacy was defeated with the election of Henry VII of Luxembourg as German king, for the electors did not want France to become even more powerful. Charles thus continued to dream of the eastern crown of the Courtenays.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: He did benefit from the affection which his brother King Philip, who had suffered from the remarriage of their father, brought to his only full brother, and Charles thus found himself given responsibilities which largely exceeded his talent. Thus it was he who directed, in 1311, the royal embassy to the conferences of Tournai with the Flemish; he quarreled there with his brother's chamberlain Enguerrand de Marigny, who openly defied him. Charles did not pardon the affront and would continue the vendetta against Marigny after his brother King Philip's death.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: In 1314, Charles was doggedly opposed to the torture of Jacques de Molay, grand master of the Templars.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: The premature death of Charles's nephew, King Louis X of France, in 1316, gave Charles hopes for a political role. However, he could not prevent his nephew Philip the Tall from taking the regency while awaiting the birth of his brother King Louis X's posthumous son. When that son (John I of France) died after a few days, Philip took the throne as King Philip V of France. Charles was initially opposed to his nephew Philip's succession, for Philip's elder brother King Louis X had left behind a daughter, Joan of France, his only surviving child. However, Charles later switched sides and eventually backed his nephew Philip, probably realizing that Philip's precedent would bring him and his line closer to the throne.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: In 1324, Charles commanded with success the army of his nephew, King Charles IV of France (who succeeded his elder brother King Philip V in 1322), to take Guyenne and Flanders from King Edward II of England. He contributed, by the capture of several cities, to accelerate the peace, which was concluded between the King of France and his sister Isabella, the queen-consort of England as the wife of King Edward II.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: The Count of Valois died on 16 December 1325 at Nogent-le-Roi, leaving a son who would take the throne of France under the name of Philip VI and commence the branch of the Valois. Had he survived for three more years and outlived his nephew King Charles IV, Charles might have become king of France. Charles was buried in the now-demolished church of the Couvent des Jacobins in Paris – his effigy is now in the Basilica of St Denis.


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: His first marriage in Aug 1290, was to Margaret, Countess of Anjou and Maine (1272–1299), daughter of King Charles II of Naples. They had the following children:


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: In 1302 he married Catherine I of Courtenay (1274–1307), titular Latin Empress of Constantinople. She was the daughter of Philip I, Emperor of Constantinople. They had:


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: Finally, in 1308, he married Mahaut of Châtillon (1293–1358), daughter of Guy IV of Châtillon, Count of Saint-Pol. They had:


title: Charles, Count of Valois

text: Charles is a major character in "Les Rois maudits" ("The Accursed Kings"), a series of French historical novels by Maurice Druon. He was portrayed by in the 1972 French miniseries adaptation of the series, and by Jacques Spiesser in the 2005 adaptation.


title: Banknotes of the Japanese yen

text: The banknotes of the Japanese yen are part of the physical form of Japan's currency. Modern banknotes were first released by the Bank of Japan in 1885, three years after the Japanese government established a centralized bank. Throughout their history, the denominations have ranged from 0.05 yen to 10,000 yen. All of notes worth more than 1 yen, and printed since 1946 are still legal tender.


title: Banknotes of the Japanese yen

text: Due to the discovery of a large number of counterfeit Series D banknotes at the end of 2004, all Series D banknotes except ¥2000 were virtually suspended on January 17, 2005, and officially suspended on April 2, 2007. According to a news release from the National Police Agency, they seized 11,717 counterfeit Series D banknotes (excluding the ¥2000 denomination) in 2005. However, they seized only 486 counterfeit current issue banknotes, namely Series E ¥1000, ¥5000, ¥10,000, and Series D ¥2000.


title: Banknotes of the Japanese yen

text: This is the current issue. The 2000 yen note was first issued on July 19, 2000 to commemorate the 26th G8 summit in Okinawa and the 2000 millennium year as well. Pictured on the front of the note is Shureimon, a famous gate in Naha, Okinawa near the site of the summit. The other side features a scene from "The Tale of Genji" and the author Murasaki Shikibu on the lower right corner. The motif of the scene was taken from the 12th century illuminated handscrolls of the novel kept at the Tokugawa Art Museum in Nagoya. The image of Murasaki Shikibu is taken from the Gotoh edition of the Murasaki Shikibu Diary Emaki held at the Gotoh Museum.


title: Banknotes of the Japanese yen

text: Many Japanese consider the 2000 yen note a novelty as it is the only Japanese denomination whose first digit is 2. To promote the circulation of the notes, some companies had started paying wages in them. The series D is the first to display the EURion constellation.


title: Banknotes of the Japanese yen

text: On April 9, 2019, Finance Minister Tarō Asō announced new designs for the ¥1000, ¥5000, and ¥10,000 notes, for use beginning in 2024. The ¥1000 bill will feature Kitasato Shibasaburō and "The Great Wave off Kanagawa", the ¥5000 bill will feature Tsuda Umeko and wisteria flowers, and the ¥10,000 bill will feature Shibusawa Eiichi and Tokyo Station.


title: Armand Hammer (music group)

text: In September 2013, Armand Hammer released a mixtape, "Half Measures". It was produced by Steel Tipped Dove, Blockhead, Uncommon Nasa, and Small Pro, among others. In October that year, the duo released the first studio album, "Race Music", which was produced by the likes of Steel Tipped Dove, Marmaduke, Willie Green, and Blue Sky Black Death. "Tiny Mix Tapes" called it "a potent record about life, art, sex, drugs, politics, and violence." "The Village Voice" included it on the "10 Best New York City Rap Albums of 2013" list. On October 25, 2013, "Shark Fin Soup" was included on "Spin"s "Rap Songs of the Week" list.


title: Armand Hammer (music group)

text: In 2014, the duo released an EP, "Furtive Movements". "The Village Voice" included it on the "10 Best New York City Rap Albums of 2014" list. In 2017, the duo released a studio album, "Rome". "Stereogum" placed it at number 28 on the "40 Best Rap Albums of 2017" list. In 2018, the duo released a studio album, "Paraffin". "PopMatters" placed it at number 65 on the "70 Best Albums of 2018" list, while "Stereogum" placed it at number 4 on the "10 Best Rap Albums of 2018" list. It was also included on "Pitchfork"s "Best Rap Albums of 2018" list, as well as "The A.V. Club"s "Best Hip-Hop Albums of 2018" list.


title: Armand Hammer (music group)

text: In 2020, the duo released a studio album, "Shrines". The duo's collaborative studio album with producer the Alchemist, titled "Haram", was released in 2021.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: Sarah Louise Willingham (born 21 December 1973) is a British entrepreneur, serial investor, founder and CEO of Nightcap PLC, with extensive experience in the hospitality industry.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: Willingham has two business degrees from Oxford Brookes University and the . In 2004 she completed an MBA at the Cranfield University School of Management.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: Willingham spent the early years of her career managing some restaurants including Chessageed Delights, Planet Hollywood and Pizza Express.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: In partnership with The Clapham House Group, she bought The Bombay Bicycle Club in 2004, and expanded the company, making it the largest Indian restaurant chain in the United Kingdom. Willingham sold her share back to The Clapham House Group in 2007 where she continued as a main board director responsible for three of their four brands (Tootsies, The Real Greek and The Bombay Bicycle Club) with over 50 restaurants and more than 1,500 employees.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: In 2004, Willingham co-established an AIM-listed company, Neutrahealth plc, which acquired six businesses in the vitamin and mineral supplements industry and was sold to Indian company Elder Pharmaceuticals Ltd in 2011.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: In 2010, Willingham invested in the London Cocktail Club. The first cocktail bar opened in 2011 on Goodge Street, London. In February 2012 the London Cocktail Club added their second cocktail bar on Shaftesbury Avenue, Their third opened in Great Portland Street, London in 2013.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: "Management Today" named her as one of the "35 most successful women under 35" in the UK. In January 2016, Willingham was named one of "The Sunday Times"' '500 Most Influential people in Britain'. In 2017 Willingham received an honorary doctorate from Staffordshire University and in 2018 she received honorary doctorates from Cranfield University and Oxford Brookes University in recognition of her contribution to business and entrepreneurship.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: Willingham was a restaurant inspector and investor on three series of Raymond Blanc's "The Restaurant" and as an independent investor on the Sky television series "Cooks to Market".


title: Sarah Willingham

text: She has appeared on various TV programmes, including "Daybreak", "This Morning", "The Wright Stuff" and Sky News.


title: Sarah Willingham

text: In March 2015, Willingham was named as one of the new "Dragons" on the BBC television programme "Dragons' Den" from the thirteenth series which began airing in July 2015. She returned to "Dragons' Den" for the fourteenth series, beginning in July 2016.


title: Polar fleece

text: Polar fleece is used in jackets, hats, sweaters, sweatpants, cloth diapers (nappies), gym clothes, hoodies, pajamas, blankets, and high-performance outdoor clothing. It is created through a lengthy factory process using recycled plastic bottles. The produced fleece can be used to create clothes that are very light, soft, and easy to wash. Polar fleece can stretch more easily in one direction than in others.


title: Polar fleece

text: Polar fleece originated in Massachusetts in 1979 when Malden Mills (now Polartec LLC), and Patagonia developed Synchilla (synthetic chinchilla). It was a new, light, strong pile fabric meant to mimic, and in some ways surpass, wool. Malden Mills CEO Aaron Feuerstein intentionally declined to patent polar fleece, allowing the material to be produced cheaply and widely by many vendors, leading to the material's quick and wide acceptance. Malden Mills registered PolarFleece as a trademark with the United States Patent and Trademark Office on October 6, 1981.


title: Polar fleece

text: A lightweight, warm and soft fabric, fleece has some of wool's good qualities but weighs a fraction of the lightest available woolens. Fleece is categorised by weight – in gsm, or grams per square metre. Polar fleece garments traditionally come in different thicknesses: micro, 100, 200, and 300, with 300 being the thickest and least flexible.


title: Polar fleece

text: It is hydrophobic, holding less than 1% of its weight in water. It retains much of its insulating quality even when wet. It is machine washable and dries quickly. It is a good alternative to wool for those who are allergic or sensitive to wool. It can also be made out of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, or even recycled fleece.


title: Polar fleece

text: Regular polar fleece is not windproof and does not absorb moisture (although this is often seen as a benefit, per above). Fleece readily generates static electricity, which causes the accumulation of lint, dust, and pet hair. It is also susceptible to damage from high temperature washing, tumble drying, or ironing under unusual conditions. Lower-quality polyester fleece material is also prone to pilling.


title: Polar fleece

text: Washing synthetic textiles like fleece releases microfibers, a type of microplastic. The release of these microfibers into the wastewater is proportional to the microplastic pollution in soil, marine, and freshwater habitats. Studies also show that tumble drying of polyester releases airborne microplastics.


title: Fifth Harmony discography

text: American girl group Fifth Harmony has released three studio albums, six extended plays, eleven singles, and seventeen music videos. After finishing third on the second season of "The X Factor US" the group was signed to Epic Records though Syco Music. Less than a year later, Fifth Harmony released their debut single from their debut extended play, "Miss Movin' On". The single charted on the Mainstream Top 40 and New Zealand, peaking at 27 in both countries. It was certified Gold in the United States for selling combined sales and track-equivalent streams units of 500,000. The group's extended play, "Better Together" peaked at number six on the "Billboard" 200 and number 18 in New Zealand, charting in both countries similar to the group's lead single. As part of the promotion for "Better Together", four other versions were released of the extended play, including an acoustic release, a Spanish-language acoustic and a standard Spanish-language translated version as well as a remix edition. The four former EPs were released in a 4-CD bundle titled "Better Together: The Deluxe Edition", directly from Fifth Harmony's official store; it also included a download code for the latter remix EP, as it was not available physically. In Walmart exclusively, the "Juntos" and "Juntos Acoustic" EPs were bundled together, while at Target, "One Wish" was included as a bonus track on the original version; meanwhile, the iTunes edition of the original EP included "Me & My Girls", which the group performed in 2013 as guests on the third season of "The X Factor", and served as a promotional single for the EP.


title: Fifth Harmony discography

text: The group's debut studio album, "Reflection" was released in February 2015, and debuted at number five on the "Billboard 200". Elsewhere, the album peaked within the top ten of Canada, Brazil and Spain while reaching the top thirty in ten additional countries. The lead single from the album, "Boss", debuted at number 43 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, earning the group their first top fifty entry. It also became the group's first single entry in the United Kingdom, charting at 21 as well as charting in the top forty of three additional countries. The following single, "Sledgehammer" reached number 40, earning them their first top forty entry and made its first entry in the Adult Pop Songs chart, peaking at number 36. Since their release, both songs have been certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. The group's third and final single, "Worth It" featuring American rapper Kid Ink, debuted at number 82 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming a sleeper hit and staying in the charts for twenty-three weeks before peaking at number 12, earning Fifth Harmony their first top twenty entry in the United States. Additionally, the song managed to reach number one in three countries and peaked within the top ten in thirteen countries. Since its release, the song has been certified quadruple-platinum in the United States, double-platinum in Australia and Canada and platinum in five other countries. The song's music video has reached over two billion views on YouTube.


title: Fifth Harmony discography

text: After the release of "Worth It", the group announced that they would be releasing a song for the computer animated fantasy–comedy film, "Hotel Transylvania 2" titled "I'm in Love with a Monster". It was subsequently released a month before the film's premiere date and used in both the trailer and the film. The following year, the group released their lead single from their sophomore studio album, "7/27", titled "Work from Home". The song would become the group's highest-charting single, topping the charts in New Zealand, the Netherlands, and Brazil, and reaching the top ten in fourteen additional countries. In the United States, the song debuted at number 12 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 before reaching its peak at number four after charting for thirteen weeks, beating the previous peak that was upheld by their single, "Worth It". The song earned the group several certifications, including Diamond in Brazil and France, Quintuple Platinum in the US, Canada, and Australia, and Double Platinum in eight additional countries. The music video for the song has been viewed over two billion times on YouTube. Nearly three months later, the group released "7/27" and charted for the second time in the top five of the "Billboard" 200, this time at number 4, outperforming the previous feat that their debut album "Reflection" held. Elsewhere, the album reached number one in Brazil and Spain and the top ten in fourteen other countries. The group's following single, "All in My Head (Flex)" reached number twenty-four in the US and therefore earned the group their fourth top forty entry after charting for seven weeks. The song was eventually certified Platinum in the US and Gold in the UK and five other countries, while their third single "That's My Girl" was certified Gold in the US, UK, and Canada.


title: Fifth Harmony discography

text: After group member Camila Cabello announced her departure from the group, Fifth Harmony released "Down", featuring rapper Gucci Mane, as the lead single from their third album in June. Two months later, the group's self-titled album "Fifth Harmony" was released and peaked at number 4 on the "Billboard" 200. It also reached number one in Spain and the top ten in the UK and seven other countries. "He Like That" was announced as the album's second single, and the music video was released on August 25, the same day the album was released. The video for promotional single "Angel" was released on August 11, just two weeks before the album's release. The music video for "Deliver" was released on September 8. "Down" peaked at number 42 on the Hot 100. "Por Favor", Fifth Harmony's duet with Pitbull, was released as the third single from the Spotify 11-track re-release of the album, and charted in some Spanish-speaking countries. The group also released "Can You See", a song from the soundtrack to "The Star", and later released a Spotify-exclusive EP, "Spotify Singles", which included exclusive live performance of "He Like That", as well as a cover of Calvin Harris' "Feels".


U2 Live at Red Rocks: Under a Blood Red Sky is a concert film by Irish rock band U2. It was recorded on 5 June 1983 at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Colorado, United States, on the group's War Tour. Originally released in 1984 on videocassette, "U2 Live at Red Rocks" was the band's first video release. It accompanied a 1983 live album entitled "Under a Blood Red Sky", on which two tracks from the film appear. The video was directed by Gavin Taylor and produced by Rick Wurpel and Doug Stewart.


title: U2 Live at Red Rocks: Under a Blood Red Sky

text: The film was arranged by U2 management to showcase the band's live act and to promote them to American audiences. It depicts the band's performance at Red Rocks on a rain-soaked evening. The concert was almost cancelled because of the inclement weather, but the band had invested in the filming with Island Records and concert promoter Barry Fey and wished to proceed with the gig. The rain and the torch-lit atmosphere of the surroundings made U2's performance dramatic. Segments of "U2 Live at Red Rocks" were shown in regular rotation on MTV, and were also broadcast on other television networks.


text: Critics praised the concert and the video, and it subsequently became a best-seller. The video, along with "Under a Blood Red Sky", helped establish U2's reputation as remarkable live performers and boosted Red Rocks' stature as a live venue. A remastered edition of "U2 Live at Red Rocks" was released on DVD in September 2008 with previously unreleased tracks, coinciding with a remastered edition of "Under a Blood Red Sky". "Rolling Stone" selected the film's performance of "Sunday Bloody Sunday" as one of the "50 Moments that Changed the History of Rock and Roll".


text: In 1981, U2 were on their Boy Tour to promote their debut album, "Boy". Following their 11 May concert at Rainbow Music Hall in Denver, concert promoter Chuck Morris took the band to the nearby Red Rocks Amphitheatre—a natural amphitheatre located between sandstone cliffs in the Rocky Mountains. Bassist Adam Clayton said, "From the moment we saw it, we were thinking, 'Some day we will play here'. It was very photogenic." U2's manager Paul McGuinness had long wanted to film the group for a concert video to highlight their success as a live act and to promote them to American audiences still unfamiliar with the Irish band. Concert promoter Barry Fey, who presented U2's shows in the southwestern United States, saw the group's potential and successfully lobbied for them to perform at Red Rocks.


text: In early 1983, McGuinness contacted Malcolm Gerrie, producer of the British television series "The Tube", about shooting a video of U2 at Red Rocks and possibly featuring it on "The Tube". Gerrie initially assumed McGuinness was interested in creating a video of a single song; however, McGuinness was hoping to create an hour-long special. Because "The Tube" was not a "one-band show", Gerrie said he would have to sell the idea to Channel 4 television, but McGuinness insisted on giving Gerrie the rights to the video and letting Channel 4 broadcast the video without payment.


text: Filming costs were estimated at , which included the illumination of the cliffs, a mobile sound recording unit, and a helicopter to film aerial footage. With U2 only able to invest $30,000, Fey agreed to help finance the project, along with Island Records. A joint production company called "U2 at Red Rocks Associates" was subsequently established to fund the filming; the three parties split costs and shared profits from television rights and video sales. The radio rights were sold to American radio network NBC for inclusion in its concert series "The Source". Throughout the United States leg of their War Tour, U2 filled venues with capacities similar to that of Red Rocks, leading the band to anticipate that the filming would take place before a sold-out audience and that the concert's revenues would help to offset production costs.


text: Fey's corporation, Feyline Productions, coordinated with his production company, TTS, to manage the videotaping. Director Gavin Taylor and Gerrie were selected as director and production associate, respectively. It was Taylor's first visit to the United States, and it was the first time he filmed a major outdoor rock concert. Local producers Rick Wurpel and Doug Stewart were also on the staff. Taylor's and McGuinness' original plans were to feature the video on "The Tube", but trade unions objected to their limited representation on the concert crew. However, a compromise was reached, allowing 15 minutes of the concert to be broadcast on "The Tube".


text: The group's Red Rocks concert was scheduled for 5 June 1983, but poor weather that day threatened to cancel the show. Torrential rain soaked the area, and flash flood warnings were issued. The weather made it difficult for the crew members to transport the band's gear and video equipment through the mountains to the amphitheatre. The conditions also caused many technical problems for the filming and concert crews, hampering stage construction and endangering the safety of those setting up lighting and sound equipment. Crew members used squeegees to keep rain away from the wires, although the assistant of recording engineer Randy Ezratty still received an electrical shock while setting up a lighting truss. Between 15 and 20 fans were already camped out in the venue's front rows early in the morning, and lead singer Bono accommodated them by serving coffee and tea. The Alarm and Divinyls cancelled their opening sets for safety reasons, and many fans thought the entire concert had been cancelled. The show was scheduled for 6:00 p.m., and the band had until 1:00 p.m. to decide whether to move the concert elsewhere or risk the weather worsening, which could have necessitated a cancellation.


text: U2 and McGuinness thought that too much money had been invested to abort the concert, and they sympathised with the fans who had travelled to the venue in the poor weather. Accordingly, they decided to proceed with the concert as planned. Many of the crew were not in agreement and wanted to walk off the set. Ezratty said: "The guys from the American sound company were not at all enamored with being out with this band. I can remember them saying, 'Oh, we could be out with Asia right now!' So they decided to pull the plug on it. They said, 'It's a matter of safety. We're going to pull the system down and we're not going to do it.'" McGuinness dissuaded the crew with an impromptu speech, a moment on which Ezratty recollected: "Paul called everybody down into the bowels of Red Rocks where they fed everybody. It was cold and raining and everybody was shivering, and Paul made a speech, saying in no uncertain terms that we were going to proceed as one, that the band's entire livelihood was riding on this, and that this was one of the most pivotal moments in their career. He said that if it were deemed that this show was in any way possible to happen, it was going to happen, and it was not going to be tolerated that anybody would do anything but add their effort to a successful and positive outcome. I just stood there and went, 'This is so cool. This is like a general rallying the troops.'"


text: Bono informed the fans waiting outside the venue that the show would be general admission, and told everyone to get as close to the stage as possible, regardless of the seating assignment on their tickets. Fey wanted to cancel the show but was flying to Denver from the US Festival in California with Morris when the decision to continue was made. After arriving in Denver, Fey called the amphitheatre asking to where the concert was being moved, unaware that the band had decided to proceed with the show. Guitarist the Edge said that when Fey learned of the group's decision, he could not believe it. The Edge said, "I don't think he'd ever heard anything quite so crazy in his life, going on with an outdoor show in the worst kind of weather, rain and wind in the mountains. He thought we'd lost our minds completely." Bono went on the radio that day to confirm that the Red Rocks concert was still taking place, and to promote a concert that the band planned for the following night at the CU Events Center to accommodate fans who were unable to attend the Red Rocks show. Clayton said during the band's radio interviews, "We know it's raining now but we're sure it won't be when the show starts, so please come." Two hours before the concert, the downpour subsided and settled into a misty drizzle. The 9,000-person venue had sold out, but because of the inclement weather, only about 4,400 fans attended.


text: Taylor had a crew of six camera operators, comprising three Denver cinematographers and three others that he brought. Due to the thick fog and heavy rain on the night of the concert, very little aerial footage was suitable for the final edit. Although two "master angle" cameras on tripods provided wide and overview shots, most of the camera operators filmed with hand-held cameras. Much of the concert footage contains red streaks, which was caused by the cameras' tube sensors when they were pointed directly at light sources. This prompted a notice on the future home video release informing viewers that the coloured lines in the footage "are a result of special lighting effects, and are not caused by a tape defect or your equipment". The weather was cold enough that steam was coming out of the band members' mouths, and the Edge had difficulty playing guitar because his hands felt "frozen stiff". Drummer Larry Mullen Jr. believes the weather contributed a dramatic atmosphere to the concert. Reduced attendance at the event was largely obscured in the concert footage by the thick mist that filled the air that evening, as well as strategic shots of the crowd. Having seen Bono's interactions with an audience at a show in Gateshead years earlier, Taylor decided to have a thrust built at the front of the Red Rocks stage to reduce the gap between the audience and Bono, and to allow him to be surrounded by fans on three sides. Sound mixing was managed by Steve Lillywhite, who produced U2's first three studio albums. Ezratty's recording company, Effanel Music, was hired to provide their portable multitrack recording system.


text: Before U2 took the stage, Fey introduced the concert, making a reference to Bob Dylan's live album "Hard Rain". The concert itself featured 18 songs, with a set list identical to that of several previous shows on the tour. "Out of Control" opened the 14-song main set, which concluded with "Gloria". A four-song encore followed, with "40" being the final song performed. The band played songs from the tour's supporting album "War" (1983), as well as material from their first two albums, "Boy" (1980) and "October" (1981). "Party Girl"—a B-side from the single "A Celebration" (1982), and the non-album single "11 O'Clock Tick Tock" (1980) were played during the encore.


text: During the song "The Electric Co.", Bono left the stage and climbed up a lighting rig to display a white flag. In a 2004 interview, the Edge said that Bono "scared the shit out of [him]" by climbing onto the rig and risking electrocution by the live wires in close proximity. Bono said "good night" to the crowd on nearly a half a dozen occasions so that the post-production crew would have several choices of songs with which to end the film. Backstage, the band members were disappointed that the crowd did not initially chant "how long to sing this song?" after the band had left the stage following the final song, "40", which had become a tradition. However, tour manager Dennis Sheehan hid underneath the crowd barrier and began singing the refrain into a microphone without being asked. Eventually, the crowd joined in; the film was edited to disguise the fact that the singing was organised.


text: The day after the concert, Taylor went into the video editing suite to prepare a promotional video and a rough edit of the concert, while Lillywhite mixed the sound at Caribou Ranch. Ultimately, Taylor completed two separate edits of the concert: the first was an hour-long version for a planned but cancelled UK television broadcast that was instead released on VHS; the second version was the full concert.


text: The concert was first broadcast on 8, 9 and 10 July 1983 on NBC's radio network "The Source" under the title "War Is Declared". The broadcast was sponsored by Budweiser and the United States Army, and was distributed to radio stations on two LP records, which included the full concert minus "I Threw A Brick Through A Window" and "A Day Without Me". Twelve of the concert's songs were later broadcast on American television network Showtime, and nine songs were broadcast on MTV. The film's performance of "Sunday Bloody Sunday" became the song's music video; Malcolm Gerrie, Rick Wurpel and Paul McGuinness were credited as producers. In June 1986, the video was one of 10 concert films aired on television stations throughout the US as part of a series of music specials presented by the Coors Brewing Company and Radio Vision International. The concert has also been broadcast on VH1 and affiliates of the Public Broadcasting Service.


text: The Red Rocks film was screened at the CMJ Music Marathon in October 1983 to promote U2's companion live mini-LP "Under a Blood Red Sky", which was released the following month. The mini-LP, whose name was later used as a subtitle for the concert film, features eight live songs from the War Tour, two of which ("Gloria" and "Party Girl") were taken from the Red Rocks concert; the other tracks were taken from performances in Boston and West Germany, as U2 thought they were "more developed performances".


text: "U2 Live at Red Rocks: Under a Blood Red Sky" was U2's first home video release, and it was initially issued on VHS and Betamax by MCA Home Video in July 1984, followed by a LaserDisc release from Pony Video for Japan. The video recording was re-released in August 1986 by RCA/Columbia Pictures Home Video, followed by a LaserDisc release from RCA/Columbia and Image Entertainment in 1988, and two additional VHS re-releases by Virgin Video in 1987 and PolyGram in 1991.


text: The image of Bono atop the lighting rig during his performance of "The Electric Co." was used as the cover of the video with the text "Under a Blood Red Sky". The film begins with a brief montage that includes an interview with U2, preparations being made by the concert crew and reactions by anxious fans. The Clannad song "Theme from Harry's Game", which was played after many of U2's shows at the time, is heard in the film's opening montage and during the end credits. The film's subtitle "Under a Blood Red Sky", also the title of the companion live album, originates from a lyric in "New Year's Day". This lyric is not sung in the film; instead Bono sang "under a thundercloud and rain", in reference to the weather conditions.


text: During the band's performance of "Cry / The Electric Co.", Bono sang excerpts of Stephen Sondheim's "Send in the Clowns". The band failed to get permission or to pay the appropriate licensing and royalty fees to use the song. Initial pressings of "U2 Live at Red Rocks", and the accompanying live album—which contains a different performance of the song from August 1983—featured "Send in the Clowns". U2 were forced to pay in an out-of-court settlement. The initial release of the video was 55 minutes long and featured 13 songs from the film, including "Cry / The Electric Co.", which was omitted from the track listing for legal reasons related to the excerpt of "Send in the Clowns".


text: Recordings of "Twilight" and "An Cat Dubh" from the concert were featured on U2's single "Sweetest Thing" in 1998. In 2004, the concert recording of "Sunday Bloody Sunday" appeared on the compilation album "Carved in Stone Vol. 2: Live at Red Rocks", a charity record to raise funds for the "Preserve the Rocks Fund", which aimed to renovate and preserve Red Rocks Park.


text: Following the release of the official concert recordings, video and audio bootleg recordings circulated that featured the entirety of the band's performance.


text: In 2005, after Rick Wurpel re-opened his production business, he realised that neither he nor TTS had the master tapes in their inventory and feared that they had been lost. He discovered the Denver City Council possessed the tapes among an inventory of 164 recordings. A former employee of Wurpel had been storing the tapes and intended to dispose of them unless the city was interested. The city had paid her $3,000 for the storage costs and took possession of the tapes. Legal proceedings subsequently ensued to return the tapes to Wurpel and U2.


text: Barry Fey later signed paperwork for a future DVD release at U2's request. "U2 Live at Red Rocks" was re-released on 30 September 2008 on DVD by Interscope Records, Island Records, and Universal Music Enterprises. The "2008 Edition" of the film was remastered, and the audio remastering was directed by the Edge. The DVD features several tracks that were previously unreleased, extending the film from 55 to 82 minutes. "Cry / The Electric Co." was included on the video's track listing; the performance was edited to remove the excerpt of "Send in the Clowns" that was present on the previous videocassette and LaserDisc releases. The editing-out of the song created a continuity error in the video; the previous versions showed Bono climbing the lighting rig and singing. The new edition removes that sequence, resulting in Bono leaving the stage and appearing on top of the lighting rig in the following shot.


text: The remastered DVD also features a version of "Two Hearts Beat as One" that was edited to remove an excerpt of "Let's Twist Again". The only song performed at the concert that does not appear in the remastered film is "I Fall Down"played between "Cry / The Electric Co." and "October"—which was omitted because of a camera malfunction. The DVD features a PCM stereo soundtrack, 5.1 surround sound mixes in Dolby Digital and DTS sound, and an audio commentary by director Gavin Taylor. The re-release of the film coincided with the release of a remastered version of its companion live album, "Under a Blood Red Sky". These re-releases were available separately or bundled together in a CD/DVD deluxe package. The liner notes for the film re-release were written by music critic Anthony DeCurtis. Remastered versions of U2's first three albums—"Boy", "October", and "War"—had been released earlier in 2008, and a box set with the three albums and an open slot for the deluxe version of "Under a Blood Red Sky" was sold exclusively by Amazon.com.


text: On 15 March 2021, U2 announced a concert broadcast series called "The Virtual Road" in partnership with YouTube, by which four of the group's past concert films were remastered and streamed on the band's official YouTube channel for 48 hours each. "Live at Red Rocks" began streaming on 25 March, with a pre-recorded performance by Irish rock band Fontaines D.C. serving as an "opening act". To coincide with the broadcast event, a four-track EP of songs from "Live at Red Rocks" was released to streaming services and digital stores.


text: Both the concert and the "U2 Live at Red Rocks" video received positive reviews from critics. In a review of the show, G. Brown of "The Denver Post" wrote, "A lot of things had to go so wrong for U2's show at Red Rocks Amphitheater ... to come off so right." Jon Pareles of "The New York Times" praised the film, saying, "The setting lent even more urgency to U2's hypercharged songs about apocalypse, pacifism and existential terror". Pareles said, "Although there are a few too many exaggerated camera angles, the tape captures U2's earnest intensity." A review in the "Philadelphia Daily News" described the camerawork as "artful" and praised the visuals of the concert and the natural surroundings. Louis Meredith of "Stereo Review" said that the video captured the group in "absolutely splendid form" and that "Musically, it's about as impressive as they come" with "inventive and passionately felt" instrumental performances. He said that Bono "accomplishes the nearly impossible—turning a typical Nuremberg Rally-scaled outdoor concert into something that seems almost intimate." Meredith criticised the cinematography as "unimaginative, made-for-MTV camera work" and judged that the soundtrack was not as good as the EP. Neal Hall of "The Sun" said the band "prove[d] why it was named by Record magazine as the top live act of 1983" and that they performed with a "vigor and vitality that is entrancing to witness, even on a small screen". He found the sound "surprisingly clean and crisp" but noted the red trails were a visual problem. Perry Seibert of Allmovie gave the film four-and-a-half stars, praising the band's performance and the venue's role in the concert, saying, "the historic Red Rocks venue provides a stirring backdrop for the band's sweeping sound".


text: Following the release of the DVD in 2008, "Record Collector" stated that "25 years on, ["U2 Live at Red Rocks" has] lost none of its power". Brian Boyd of "The Irish Times" was impressed by the band's performance considering they were drawing from just three albums of material and lacked the "computerised wizardry that makes U2 shows now such extravaganzas", adding, "what most impresses here is how full-on the concert is as the band give it socks during a rain-lashed evening". Bernard Zuel of "The Sydney Morning Herald" called the concert one of the moments in U2's history that showed their "ability to connect with and move an audience at a time when artifice and pomposity were rampant". He was fascinated that the "rain and fog that marks the Red Rocks show, and made the mythology even more potent, almost led to its cancellation". Mark Brown of the "Rocky Mountain News" recalled that the video is "still a thrilling performance, raw but polished, passionate and sincere". Andrew Gilstrap of "PopMatters" gave the remastered version of the film a rating of 8 out of 10, stating, "It's rare that a band can totally transform a scene—especially one with a stage show that boasts charisma as its only special effect—but it's not hyperbole to say that U2 put on a dominating, flawless-despite-mistakes performance. This is the one that put U2 on the map." In its review of the remastered version of "Under a Blood Red Sky", online magazine "Pitchfork" said, "when the group performed at Red Rocks on a rainy June night, with lit torches above a panoramic skyline, the venue provided an ideal backdrop for U2's literally flag-waving music, with everything—earth, wind, fire—in place to maximise and heighten the drama of the moment and the songs." Christina Sursky of the McClatchy-Tribune News Service said, "The DVD glows with the energy of U2's performances", and she called the rendition of "Sunday Bloody Sunday" the film's highlight. Randy Pitman of "Video Librarian" called the performance a "blistering 17-song set full of early material now rarely played aside from the hits 'Sunday Bloody Sunday' and 'New Year's Day'". He added that although casual fans may only recognise the aforementioned hits, "the faithful will be thrilled with this classic concert". James Wigney of "The Sunday Telegraph" and the "Sunday Herald Sun" gave the DVD a score of 5 out of 5, praising the film's concert, but stated that the "footage is still on the fuzzy side". Sam Kelton of "The Advertiser" said the DVD's audio commentary was very informative, but criticised the picture quality, stating, "even the remastered version looks like it was shot on a mobile phone".


text: In November 1984, the video was nominated for the Best Long Form award at "Billboard" magazine's Video Music Conference and the performance of "Sunday Bloody Sunday" was nominated for the Best Concert Performance award. When "Billboard" debuted the Top Music Videocassettes chart (later renamed Top Music Videos) in the 30 March 1985 issue, "U2 Live at Red Rocks" ranked at number seven. The video was included in the year-end Top Music Videocassettes charts for 1985 and 1987. Following the 2008 DVD release, the video re-entered the chart for the first time since 1989, reaching number 3. Overall, "U2 Live at Red Rocks" spent 152 weeks on the Top Music Videocassettes/Top Music Videos chart. In April 1985, the video appeared on "Billboard"s Top Videocassette Sales chart at number 29, and remained on the chart for 14 weeks. " Billboard" attributed the late increase in the video's sales to U2's sold-out Unforgettable Fire Tour, and called it "a textbook example of a group's current status having a direct influence on video sales".


text: U2's Red Rocks concert is often cited as a watershed moment in their history that established their reputation as an exceptional live act. In the liner notes of the remastered version of the film, music journalist Anthony DeCurtis wrote, "this concert set goals for U2 that might have daunted any other young band. But in the shadow of their wild ambitions at Red Rocks, these four boys met, once again, the men of their future, and became who they would become." In 1999, "Entertainment Weekly" ranked the show 40th on its list of "The 100 Greatest Moments in Rock Music", saying that "the mystic, against-all-odds performance... was a spiritual and commercial breakthrough" that "transformed U2 from college-radio underdogs into A-list rock heroes". In 2004, "Rolling Stone" called the band's performance of "Sunday Bloody Sunday" from the film one of the "50 Moments that Changed the History of Rock and Roll". The magazine said, "[t]he sight of Bono singing the anti-violence anthem 'Sunday Bloody Sunday' while waving a white flag through crimson mist (created by a combination of wet weather, hot lights and the illumination of those crags) became the defining image of U2's warrior-rock spirit and—shown in heavy rotation on MTV—broke the band nationwide." Director Gavin Taylor said that the video "kick-started their career" and "fired them like a rocket into the sky". A 2005 industry poll of "The World's Greatest Gigs" ranked U2's Red Rocks show the 8th-greatest in rock history. In 2009, "Relix" named it the 24th-best concert since 1959.


text: "The Denver Post" said the concert affirmed Red Rocks Amphitheatre's status as a premier outdoor venue. "Rocky Mountain News" said that the concert was "[e]asily one of the most famous, acclaimed concerts of the 1980s (if not all time)", and that people who have visited the Amphitheatre ever since have been disappointed to learn that the pyres are not part of the venue and were only used for the U2 concert. Music biographer Dave Thompson said the concert "transformed U2 ... into a very successful rock band", and that without U2, "Red Rocks would be just another smartly lit amphitheater". In 2003, U2 were inducted into the Red Rocks Hall of Fame, which is on display in the venue's visitor center; the amphitheatre's official website states that U2's performance "paved the way for other great artists such as Stevie Nicks, the Moody Blues, John Tesh and Neil Young to record live concert videos at Red Rocks, and helped the Amphitheatre gain its reputation as one of the premier venues in the world".


text: In June 2007, a U2 tribute band named Under a Blood Red Sky performed a note-for-note recreation of U2's performance at Red Rocks. That same week, the City of Denver unsuccessfully tried to persuade U2 to return to Red Rocks. During the PopMart Tour in 1997, Bono stated that because of low ticket sales for their Denver concert at Mile High Stadium, a return to the more intimate Red Rocks setting held appeal. However, in a 2008 interview, Barry Fey said that he had questioned U2 about performing at Red Rocks again, to which they replied, "Absolutely not". On both occasions, Fey said that U2 could never top their original performance and that returning to Red Rocks would be "foolish" and "a no-win situation" for the group.


title: Haruka Ayase

text: Haruka Ayase was born as Aya Tademaru on March 24, 1985, in Hiroshima Prefecture. Early in her career, Ayase was a gravure idol, releasing a photobook and DVD.


title: Haruka Ayase

text: She first appeared in a Japanese television drama in 2001 as part 3 of "Kindaichi Shōnen no Jikenbo" starring "Jun Matsumoto".


title: Haruka Ayase

text: She began appearing in films and television in 2002. She has appeared in many films and television series including her role as the oldest sister in Hirokazu Koreeda's "Our Little Sister" and her performance in the title role of 2013 NHK Taiga Drama, "Yae's Sakura".


title: Haruka Ayase

text: Ayase is a sought-after endorser of products in Japan, appearing in commercials for major consumer brands such as Coca-Cola, SK-II, and KFC.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: Kubo stated that he began creating the characters "from their faces." According to Kubo, Chad "looked like he was of Mexican heritage" so he decided to make him half-Japanese and half-Mexican.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: Chad is a tall teenager of Japanese and Mexican descent, and appears to be older than he really is. He has a tattoo on his left shoulder that consists of a winged heart and a snake, with a ribbon that reads 'Amore e Morte' ("love and death" in Italian) and has a very big mouth. During his early years, Chad was extremely violent. Exploiting his advantage in size, he intimidated and hit any child who annoyed him. Oscar Joaquin de la Rosa, his grandfather, 'Abuelo' inspired Chad to be gentle. Afterwards, Oscar gave Chad an old Mexican coin, which he treasured after Oscar's death. Since then, Chad vowed that he would never fight unless it was to protect others, as instructed — even if his own life was in danger. However, because of his constant involvement with gangsters, Chad gained a reputation as a ruthless gangster himself.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: Chad is a quiet person with a very kind heart and is sometimes the subject of jokes or bullies because he never fights back, against ordinary humans, or often hollows and Soul Reapers until necessary. Nonetheless, he is treated equally within his group of friends in Karakura (Ichigo, Keigo and Mizuiro). As he and Ichigo have a longtime relationship, having met each other while fighting off a group of bullies. Since then both decided to fight together, Chad becomes determined to train and get stronger in order to aid Ichigo in his fights as Ichigo and his enemies start becoming much stronger than Chad along the series. Chad also has a weakness for cute things, like small animals and Kon, and is one of the few characters that actually treats Kon with any dignity but for the most part ignores him. In a recent omake, when Orihime is trying to catch Nozomi with a plush cat, she captures Chad instead, who begins to cuddle with it. Besides his physical strength being able to lift 400 kg with ease, Chad has also shown to be very intelligent; he ranked 11th out of 322 in school, while Ichigo is ranked 23rd.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: When first introduced, Chad had no special powers aside from his unusual strength and endurance. After his encounter with the cockateel containing the soul of Yūichi Shibata, he starts to detect the approximate locations of spirits and hollows, but cannot fully see them. Only after saving Karin Kurosaki from a hollow, during the hollow-slaying match between Uryū and Ichigo, does Chad begin to fully see spirits. This also awakens what Chad later learns to be his latent powers as a Fullbringer, a human who manipulates the soul of an object to its full potential as the result of absorbing residual spirit pressure from a Hollow while unborn. Having been raised by his grandfather to take pride in his skin and Mexican heritage, Chad's Fullbring manifests on his body in the form of armor on his right arm called the . Chad's armor increases his strength beyond its already impressive level, and enables him to fire powerful energy blasts from his fist. After training with Renji, Chad gains an improved version of his armored arm. He also gains a new special attack called To perform it, the flanges on Chad's arm open up and he punches the enemy.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: While in Hueco Mundo, stating that his powers are closer to that of a hollow, Chad's Fullbring is strengthened by the environment to the point of manifesting armor on both arms instead of just his right. In addition, he also gains the ability to move at high speeds in a manner similar to flash steps and "sonido". Chad's full-powered right arm is still called the "Brazo Derecha de Gigante" but is now used for defense instead of offense (though it's still more powerful offensively than his original arm). Brazo Derecha de Gigante becomes a shield that extends from his hand to some distance beyond his forearm with the same intricate pattern as before. Chad's armored left arm, used for attack, is known as the . With this arm, Chad gains a special attack known as , a powerful fist containing energy from all his fingers.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: A few days after Ichigo becomes a Soul Reaper, Chad accepts a cursed [[cockatiel]] whose previous owners have all died horrible deaths. The bird is in fact the container for the spirit of a dead child, Yuichi Shibata, placed there by a [[List of hollows in Bleach|hollow]] who uses him as bait. Chad is forced to fight the hollow despite not being able to see it, assisted by [[Rukia Kuchiki]]. Ichigo defeats the hollow then performs Konso on Yuichi. Later on, when [[Uryū Ishida]]'s duel with Ichigo unleashes a multitude of hollows upon the town, Chad is pressed into battle with another hollow. It is this event that awakens his spiritual powers, which manifest as armor on his right arm.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: After Rukia is taken back to [[Bleach (manga)#Plot|Soul Society]], Chad and [[Orihime Inoue]] are trained by [[Yoruichi Shihouin]] to consciously call upon their powers when needed. After a week, Chad leaves for Soul Society with Orihime, Uryū, Yoruichi, and Ichigo. When the group is separated once entering "Seireitei", Chad ends up alone. Chad meets his match in [[Shunsui Kyōraku]], captain of the 8th Division in the [[Soul Reaper (Bleach)#Gotei 13|Gotei 13]]. Kyōraku easily beats Chad, leaving him heavily injured but alive. After being freed by [[Kenpachi Zaraki]] of the 11th Division and Rukia is rescued, Uryū, Chad, Ichigo and Orihime depart for the living world. In Karakura Town, Ichigo, Chad and Orihime are attacked by [[List of hollows in Bleach#Ulquiorra Cifer|Ulquiorra Schiffer]] and [[List of hollows in Bleach#Yammy Riyalgo|Yammy Riyalgo]], two of the first [[List of hollows in Bleach#Arrancar|arrancars]] to invade Karakura Town. When the second invasion led by the Espada [[List of hollows in Bleach#Grimmjow Jeagerjaques|Grimmjow Jeagerjaques]] commences, Chad is attacked by an arrancar but is saved by Ichigo. Noting that he is unable to fight alongside Ichigo, Chad turns to [[List of Bleach characters#Kisuke Urahara|Kisuke Urahara]] for help, asking for training.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: After Orihime is captured by [[Sōsuke Aizen]], Chad joins Ichigo and his friends to rescue her from Hueco Mundo. After making their way to Las Noches and the group splits up, Chad runs into the Privaron Espada [[List of hollows in Bleach#Gantenbainne Mosqueda|Gantenbainne Mosqueda]]. His victory is short-lived, however, as the 5th Espada, [[List of hollows in Bleach#Nnoitora Jiruga|Nnoitora Jiruga]], severely wounds him and leaves him for dead. Chad and Gantenbainne are eventually found by the Exequias, who plan to finish them off, but [[Retsu Unohana]] and [[Isane Kotetsu]] interrupt, and the former heals him. He later appears with Rukia and Renji to aid Ichigo and fight off the Exequias, but is defeated by the Cero Espada Yammy.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: Seventeen months later, Chad appears as an ally of Xcution, a group of humans with supernatural powers called Fullbring. Having learned that he is a Fullbringer himself, Chad agrees to help restore Ichigo's Soul Reaper abilities for Xcution's needs. However, unaware that Xcution was using him for their plan to attack the Soul Society, Chad is attacked by Shūkurō Tsukishima and falls under the influence of his Fullbring to serve as an enforcer. But when he and Orihime experience a mental breakdown after Tsukishima attempts to "add" more details to their fake memories, Chad is knocked out by Urahara and Isshin before his mind is restored after Tsukishima's eventual death. Not too long afterwards, Chad accompanies his friends (sans Uryu) to Hueco Mundo in order to save the Arrancars from the Wandenreich. When Ichigo departs to assist the Soul Society against the Wandenreich invasion, Chad, Orihime and Urahara are grievously injured by Quilge Opie and fall to his arrows. They are then saved when Opie is killed by Grimmjow, whom they later join forces with.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: Ten years later, Chad is now a professional boxer and challenger to the [[World Boxing Organization|WBO]] World Heavyweight Title.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: Readers from the manga have liked Chad's character, with him appearing in the characters popularity polls from "Bleach". In the first poll he ranked 6th with 2,109 votes. However, in following polls he did not appear in the top ten, being replaced by other characters. His character has also been featured in several types of merchandising from "Bleach" such as action figures, key chains and plush.


title: Yasutora Sado

text: Various publications from manga, anime and other media have commented on Chad's character, adding praise and criticism. Popcultureshock.com writer Carlos Alexandre praised his character as, like each character, he is very convincing and particularly liked his pacifist attitude despite his appearance. Carlo Santos from [[Anime News Network]] (ANN) agreed on this although he found his visual design to be stereotypical, but his personality was unique. Jarred Pine from Mania Entertainment found Chad's reveal of spiritual powers as his favourite from volume 5 of the manga, additionally noting that it does not drag out the story. He also praised how Chad teams up with Ichigo's sister, Karin, in order to fight an attacking Hollow. However, Carl Kimlinger from ANN noted this not to be very surprising for viewers if they have watched other series based on manga from "[[Weekly Shōnen Jump]]" as it is common theme in those series. Bryce Coulter from Mania praised Chad's fight against Shunsui Kyoraku, noting his pacifist attitude along with Shunsui's as well as his flashback which intensifies his friendship with Ichigo. Jian DeLeon of "[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]]" magazine named him tenth on a list of "The 25 Most Stylish Anime Characters," and stated, "Sado gets this spot because of his amazing burgundy motorcycle jacket. He's also not afraid to rock cream-colored pants, nor does he stray from patterned shirts."


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: The Balochistan Awami Party () is a political party based in the Balochistan province of Pakistan founded in 2018 by political dissidents of the Pakistan Muslim League (N) and the Pakistan Muslim League (Q) in Balochistan.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: The party emerged as the largest party in Balochistan as a result of the 2018 Pakistani general election. It leads a coalition government in the province and is also a part of the ruling coalition in the National Assembly. It also has 4 elected members in the KP Assembly.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: On 24 December 2015, Sanaullah Zehri of the Pakistan Muslim League (N) was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Balochistan. His tenure lasted for two years, until on 2 January 2018, dissident MPAs of his own party rebelled against him and decided to support the opposition in a motion of no confidence against him. Fearing defeat, Zehri resigned as Chief Minister on 9 January 2018, and was replaced 4 days later by Abdul Quddus Bizenjo on 13 January. This was largely seen as a setback for the PML-N in the province.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: Two months later in the Senate elections, the PML-N failed to secure a single seat in the province. Instead, independents supported by the new provincial government won 6 out of the 11 seats that were up for election. This was seen as another setback for the PML-N.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: Furthermore, this group of senators, with the support of the provincial government, decided to launch their own candidate for the Election of Chairman in the senate. This group secured the backing of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, the Pakistan Peoples Party and many other parties which allowed them to elect their candidate Sadiq Sanjrani as Senate Chairman, securing 57 out of 103 votes.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: Following these events, rumours emerged of a new political party being formed. On 29 March 2018, Saeed Hashmi and Anwaar-ul-Haq Kakar announced the creation of the BAP and declared that it had the support of 32 out of 65 lawmakers in the Balochistan Assembly.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: On 16 May 2018, the party elected Jam Kamal Khan, former Federal Minister of State for Petroleum, as their leader.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: The party has only fielded candidates in one election since its founding: the 2018 Pakistani general election. In the election it fielded 67 candidates on all of the general seats in Balochistan, of which 19 were elected (15 PA, 4 NA).


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: This result allowed the party to form the provincial government in the province. As well as this, they also aided the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf in forming the federal government by supporting them with their 5 MNAs.


title: Balochistan Awami Party

text: On 28 March 2022, the party announced that they will support opposition parties in the no-confidence motion against PM Imran Khan.


title: Thrissur district

text: Thrissur (formerly Trichur) (), is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala. It is situated in the central part the state. Spanning an area of about , Thrissur district is home to over 9% of Kerala's population.


title: Thrissur district

text: Thrissur district is bordered by the districts of Palakkad and Malappuram to the north, and the district of Ernakulam to the south and Coimbatore to the east. The Arabian Sea lies to the west and Western Ghats stretches towards the east. It is part of the historical Malabar Coast, which has been trading internationally since ancient times. The main language spoken is Malayalam.


title: Thrissur district

text: Thrissur district was formed on 1 July 1949, with the headquarters at Thrissur City. Thrissur is known as the cultural capital of Kerala, and the land of Poorams. The district is known for its ancient temples, churches, and mosques. Thrissur Pooram is the most colourful temple festival in Kerala.


title: Thrissur district

text: The term Thrissur is the abbreviated form of the word "Thrissivaperur" which means the town of the 'Sacred Siva'. The town is built on an elevated ground, at the apex of which is the famous 'Vadakkumnatha Temple'. A place of great antiquity, Thrissur was also known as 'Vrishabhadripuram' and 'Ten Kailasam' in ancient days.


title: Thrissur district

text: Thrissur interpretation is 'Tri-shiva-peroor' or the big land with three Shiva temples, which refers to the three places where Lord Shiva resides – namely Vadakkunnathan temple, Asokeswaram Siva temple and Irattachira Siva temple.


title: Thrissur district

text: From ancient times, Thrissur District has played a part in the political history of Kerala.The early political history of the District is interlinked with that of the Cheras of the Sangam age, who ruled over vast portions of Kerala with their capital at Vanchi. The whole of the present Thrissur District was included in the early Chera Empire. The District can claim to have played a part in fostering the trade relations between Kerala and the outside world in the ancient and medieval period.


title: Thrissur district

text: Kodungalloor, which had the distinction of being the "Premium Emporium of India", gave shelter to all the three communities which have contributed to the prosperity of Malabar. These three communities are the Christians, the Jews and the Muslims. The history of Thrissur district from the 9th to the 12th centuries is the history of "Kulasekharas of Mahodayapuram" and the history since the 12th century is the history of the rise and growth of "Perumpadappu Swarupam".


title: Thrissur district

text: In 1790 Raja Rama Varma (1790–1805) popularly known as Saktan Tampuran ascended the throne of Cochin. With the accession of this ruler the English or modern period in the history of Cochin and of the District began. Saktan Tampuran was mainly responsible for the destruction of the power of the feudal Nair chieftains and increase of royal power. Another force in the public life of Trichur and its suburbs was the Namboodithiri community and Menons of royal ancestry. A large part of the Trichur Taluk was for long under the domination of the Yogiatiripppads, the ecclesiastical heads of the Vadakkunnathan and Perumanam Devaswoms.


title: Thrissur district

text: The wave of nationalism and political consciousness which swept through the country since the early decades of this century has its repercussions in the District as well. Thrissur District has been in the forefront of the country-wide movement for temple entry and abolition of untouchability. The "Guruvayur Satyagraha" is a memorable episode in the history of the national movement.


title: Thrissur district

text: According to the 2018 Statistics Report, Thrissur district has a population of 3,243,170, roughly equal to the nation of Mongolia or the US state of Iowa. The 2011 Census of India gives it a ranking of 113th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 4.58%. Thrissur has a sex ratio of 1107 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 95.32%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 10.39% and 0.30% of the population respectively. Thrissur was also the second highest urbanized district in Kerala after Ernakulam.


title: Thrissur district

text: Hinduism is the majority religion in Trissur, with 58.4% of the population. Christians and Muslims form significant minority.


title: Thrissur district

text: The Hindu community consists of mainly Nairs, Thiyyas, Ambalavasis, Brahmins (including the local Namboodiris and migrants like Iyers and Gouda Saraswat Brahmins) etc. The Scheduled Castes, around 12% of the population of the district, also form a section among the Hindus of the district.


title: Thrissur district

text: Guruvayur Temple is a Hindu shrine dedicated to the Lord Guruvayurappan, located in the town of Guruvayur in Kerala, India. It is one of the most important pilgrim centres for Hindus in South India.


title: Thrissur district

text: The Catholics (Syro Malabar Church and Latin), Orthodox and Chaldeans are the main sections of the Christian Community in the district. Catholics constitute 90% of the Christian population of the district. Kunnamkulam, a town in the northern part of the district is the center for the Orthodox, Thoziyur Church and Marthomites. A notable church in the area is St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Church, Palayur.


title: Thrissur district

text: According to Saint Thomas christian tradition, the Palayur church was established in 52 AD by Saint Thomas, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ. It is the first church in India , and Saint Thomas performed the first baptism in India here. It is part of the Ēḻarappaḷḷikaḷ (seven major churches) that he established in India. The original small church structure has been retained at the original site.


title: Thrissur district

text: Muslims live predominantly in the coastal belt of the district, from north Punnayoorkkulam to South Azhikode. They are dominant in Guruvayur and Chavakkad, in good in numbers Kodungalloor, Kaipamangalam and Nattika areas Sunnis are the major section in Muslim community. Cheraman Juma Mosque.


title: Thrissur district

text: The first mosque in India is claimed to be Cheraman Juma Mosque in Kodungallur. Legend claims that it was built in 629 CE, which makes it the oldest mosque in the Indian subcontinent which is still in use. It was built by Malik Deenar, Persian tābiʿūn of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, on the orders of the successor of Cheraman Perumal, the Chera King of modern-day Kerala. The mosque was constructed in Kerala style with hanging lamps.


title: Thrissur district

text: Thrissur is situated in southwestern India () and is in the central part of Kerala. Thrissur is at sea level and spans an area of about . It is bounded on the north by small parts of Malappuram district, on the east and north by Palakkad district, on the east by small parts of Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu, on the south by Ernakulam district, and on the west by the Arabian Sea (). Descending from the heights of the Western Ghats in the east, the land slopes towards the west forming three distinct natural divisions – the highlands, the plains and the sea board. Karimala Gopuram is the highest point in Trissur situated in the border of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary of Palakkad.


title: Thrissur district

text: The Periyar, the Chalakudy, the Karuvannur, the Kurumali River (main tributary of the Karuvannur River) and the Ponnani (Bharatha Puzha) are the main river systems in the district. They take their origin from the mountains on the east, and flow westward and discharge into the Arabian Sea. There are a number of tributaries also joining these main rivers. There are waterfalls such as Athirappilly Falls which is widely known as the "Indian Niagara" nowadays. This is the only district in Kerala with the presence of both Periyar and Bharathappuzha, though they flow only a small distance through the district.


title: Thrissur district

text: The district has a tropical humid climate with an oppressive hot season and plentiful and seasonal rainfall. Annual rainfall is about . The hot season from March to May is followed by the South West Monsoon season from June to September. The period from December to February is the North East Monsoon season. However the rain stops by the end of December and the rest of the period is generally dry.


title: Thrissur district

text: An ancient cultural center, Thrissur houses the Kerala Kalamandalam, the Kerala Sahitya Academy, the Kerala Lalitakala Academy and the Kerala Sangeeta Nataka Academy.The town is built around a hillock, crowned by the Vadakkumnathan (Siva) Temple. The temple is a classical example of Kerala style of architecture and houses several sacred shrines.


title: Thrissur district

text: Thrissur also has added to its name The "Church of Our Lady of Dolors", popularly known as the "New Church". It is the third tallest church in Asia and the tallest in India. The first two churchs of India is also situated in Thrissur, the St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Church, Palayoor and the Marthoma Pontifical Shrine, Kodungallur . The Metropolitan of the Chaldean Syrian Church (the name used for the Church of the East in India) is also headquartered in Thrissur, and many religious publications are printed by Mar Narsai Press. The largest Christian pilgrim center in the district, St.Joseph's Shrine is situated at Pavaratty.


title: Thrissur district

text: There is a legend which tells Saint Thomas (Apostle) was landed in kodungallur, Muziris in 52 AD. The Saint Thomas Church established by him houses many ancient relics. Puthenchira in Thrissur is the birth place of the Catholic Saint Mariam Thresia.


title: Thrissur district

text: According to myth, Malik Bin Deenar and 20 others who were the followers Muhammad, the founder of Islam, first landed in Kodungallur in Thrissur district when they came to India. Islam received royal patronage in some places here, and later spread to other parts of India. He built the mosque Cheraman Juma Masjid which makes it the first mosque in India


title: Thrissur district

text: Guruvayur, home to the Sree Krishna Temple, is to the north of the city. It is a sacred place not only for Keralites but for Hindus all over the world as well. The adjacent towns of Chavakkad and Kunnamkulam are important centers of Muslims and Christians respectively. The Temple at Thriprayar is another important place of worship. This ancient temple is one of the few Temples dedicated to Lord Srirama in Kerala. Incidentally, two other temples dedicated to Lord Rama, viz., the Thiruvilwamala Temple and the Kadavallur Temple, fall in Thrissur district. Thirumangalam Temple situated at Thirumangalam desam, Engandiyur, Thrissur District. The Temple facing to Gurvayur Ernakulam National Highway. In this temple, there are two idols, one is Siva and the other is Maha Vishnu. Both have same the importance. But Siva is the main Idol. Because of this the temple listed in the 108 Siva temples list. The temple faces to the eastern side and has very good Sreekovil.


title: Thrissur district

text: Kodungallur, the capital of the erstwhile Chera Empire, is a region of great archeological and historical significance. The Bhagavathi Temple here attracts thousands of devotees from all over Kerala. The Cheraman Juma Masjid, believed to be the oldest Mosque in India is situated here. Irinjalakkuda, where the only Bharatha Temple in India is located, is another place of importance. The Unnayi Warrier Smaraka Kalanilayam which is located near the Koodalmanickyam Temple is an important center of Kathakali Learning. Since ancient times Thrissur has been the most important center of Vedic Learning in Kerala. Yagas are still conducted in her soil with the same fervour as they used to be. The only centre of traditional Vedic Learning left in Kerala is situated at the heart of Thrissur Town.


title: Thrissur district

text: The district is divided into two Revenue Sub Divisions; Thrissur and Irinjalakuda and is headed by Revenue Divisional Officer (RDO)


title: Thrissur district

text: There are 13 constituencies from the district of Thrissur: Thrissur Assembly Constituency, Ollur Assembly Constituency, Guruvayoor, Chalakkudy, Kaipamangalam, Nattika, Kodungallur, Irinjalakuda, Puthukad, Manaloor, Kunnamkulam, Wadakkancheri and Chelakkara. There are two parliament constituencies: Thrissur Lok Sabha constituency and Chalakudy. T. N. Prathapan is the Thrissur MP and Benny Behanan is the Chalakudy MP. Thrissur municipal corporation is the only municipal corporation in the district. For administrative purposes, the district of Thrissur is divided into two Revenue Divisions and seven taluks. These seven taluk centres are administrative hubs for 255 villages in Thrissur.


title: Thrissur district

text: The first newspaper which published from Thrissur was "Lokamanyan" in 1920. Then came "Deenabandhu" in 1941 and "General (newspaper)" in 1976. Major Malayalam newspapers published in Thrissur include ""Malayala Manorama", "Mathrubhumi", "Deshabhimani", "Deepika", Kerala Kaumudi and Madhyamam. A number of evening papers are also published from the city. Newspapers in other regional languages like Hindi, Kannada, Tamil and Telugu are also sold in large numbers.


title: Thrissur district

text: Thrissur is known for the power loom industry and the Textile Mills like the "Alagappa Textiles" in Alagappa Nagar, "Kerala Lakshmi Mills" at Pullazhi, "Rajgopal Textiles" at Athani, "Sitaram Spinning and Weaving Mills" Thrissur, "Vanaja Textiles" at Kurichikkara (now defunct), "Bhagavathy Spinning Mills" at Thanikkudam and "Kunnath Textiles" at Thrissur. Thrissur are engaged in the manufacture of hosiery products.


title: Thrissur district

text: The coir and the tile industry offer employment for many people in the district. The first saw mill in the state was erected at Trichur (1905). Most of the timber is brought down from the forests to Thrissur and Chalakkudy, which are the most important timber marts in the District. Canning is a developing industry in Thrissur and "Darlco Cannings" and "Kayee Plantations Cannings"; both have major units at Thrissur. The "Thrissur Fruits and Vegetables Marketing Society" are establishing a canning industrial unit at Nadathara and it is going on very successfully. Besides all these the "match stick industry", pharmaceuticals, printing etc. give Thrissur its fame as a bustling industrial centre. The first Worker's Indian Coffee House of the state was opened in Thrissur (1957).


title: Thrissur district

text: The 400 kV Electric Power Station at Madakkathara near Thanikkudam is the major electrical hub connecting the KSEB electrical power system to the national electrical grid. The station serves more than 30% of the state's electrical energy requirements and acts as the principal feed to the northern half of Kerala.


title: Thrissur district

text: Avinissery, a census town at south of Thrissur city is an important centre of Khadi and Village Industries.


title: Tecmo

text: , was a Japanese video game corporation founded in 1967. It had its headquarters in Kudankita, Chiyoda, Tokyo. Its subsidiary, Tecmo Inc, was located in Torrance, California. Tecmo was formerly known as Tehkan.


title: Tecmo

text: Tecmo is known for the "Captain Tsubasa", "Dead or Alive", "Deception", "Fatal Frame", "Gallop Racer", "Monster Rancher", "Ninja Gaiden", "Rygar", "Star Force" and "Tecmo Bowl" video game series. When it was still called Tehkan, the company released arcade games such as "Bomb Jack", "Gridiron Fight" and "Tehkan World Cup". The company was founded on July 31, 1967 as a supplier of cleaning equipment. By 1969, it started to sell amusement equipment.


title: Tecmo

text: In 2009, Tecmo merged with Koei to form the holding company Tecmo Koei Holdings and was operated as a subsidiary until its disbandment in early 2010. In April 2010, Tecmo was dissolved and its video game franchises are now published by Koei Tecmo Games. Tecmo is also the name of a distinct video game development company that was established in March 2010, but later folded into Koei Tecmo Games in April 2011.


title: Tecmo

text: Tecmo Co., Ltd, which merged with Koei in 2009, was itself the combination of two companies: Imperial Trustee Corporation (founded in 1964) and Nippon Yacht Co, Ltd (founded in 1967).


title: Tecmo

text: The origins of Tecmo dates to September 1964 as the Imperial Trustee Corporation, a company specialized in the management of building maintenance including the supplying of cleaning equipment. In July 1969, the company started to sell entertainment amusement equipment and opened its first self-managed amusement facility in March 1970 in Chiba Prefecture.