title: Knock Shrine

text: The growth of railways and the appearance of local and national newspapers fuelled interest in the small Mayo village. Reports of "strange occurrences in a small Irish village" were featured almost immediately in the international media, notably "The Times" (of London). Newspapers from as far away as Chicago sent reporters to cover the Knock phenomenon. Canon Ulick Bourke joined Timothy Daniel Sullivan and Margaret Anna Cusack in developing Knock as a national Marian pilgrimage site. Knock pilgrimages combined traditional Irish practices like rounds of the church and all-night vigils with devotions like the stations of the cross, benediction, processions, and the recitation of litanies. Priests associated with the Fenian movement often led pilgrimages to Knock.


title: Knock Shrine

text: John White sees the silence of the apparition related to a cultural change occurring at that time. "It was necessary for Cavanagh to preach in English and Irish each Sunday as the schools saw to the replacement of Irish with English as the language of the young. This linguistic crisis may be connected with the silence of the Knock visions, as the oldest witness, Bridget Trench, had no English, while the youngest, six-year-old John Curry, was being educated with no Irish."


title: Knock Shrine

text: According to Joe Nickell, in addition to "serious discrepancies" in the witnesses' accounts, it is possible for natural phenomena to account for the apparition. With the help of an astronomer who recreated the sky of the time via computer, it was determined that the evening sun was above the horizon for the duration of the event. There was also a school near the site with a wall angled toward the south gable of the church. The suggestion is that the sun served as the light source, which reflected off the school's windows (presumed to have been there) and produced a "natural version of a magic-lantern effect". Nickell explains that "odd shapes [from diffuse reflections] could produce the requisite pareidolia ... effects in susceptible individuals, especially those who were motivated to see something "miraculous" and were familiar with similar holy pictures." Investigator Melvin Harris suggested that a priest may have used a mirror to reflect a magic lantern projection onto the wall from the upper window of the chapel rather than from outside. However, the thatch roof of the chapel would likely have caught aflame had a lantern been used.


title: Knock Shrine

text: People who claim to have been cured at Knock still leave crutches and sticks at the spot where the apparition is believed to have occurred. Each Irish diocese makes an annual pilgrimage to the Marian Shrine and the nine-day Knock novena attracts pilgrims every August. The miracle is also known as Our Lady of Knock by the church.


title: Knock Shrine

text: The complex incorporates five churches including the Apparition Chapel, Parish Church and Basilica, a Religious Books' Centre, Caravan and Camping Park, Knock Museum, Café le Chéile and Knock House Hotel. Services at the Shrine include organised pilgrimages, daily Masses and Confessions, Anointing of the Sick, Counselling Service, Prayer Guidance and Youth Ministry. While the original church still stands, a new Apparition chapel with statues of Our Lady, St Joseph, the Lamb and St John the Evangelist, has been built next to it. Knock Basilica is a separate building showing a tapestry of the apparition.


title: Knock Shrine

text: Ireland's National Eucharistic Congress was held at the Marian Shrine in Knock over 25 and 26 June in 2011. An estimated 13,000 pilgrims attended.


title: Knock Shrine

text: Though it remained for almost 100 years a major Irish pilgrimage site, Knock established itself as a world religious site in large measure during the last quarter of the twentieth century, largely due to the work of its longtime parish priest Monsignor James Horan. Horan presided over a major rebuilding of the site, with the provision of a new large Knock Basilica (the second in Ireland) alongside the old church. Horan secured from the Taoiseach (prime minister), Charles Haughey, millions of pounds of state aid to build an airport 19 kilometres away, near Charlestown.


title: Knock Shrine

text: On 13 May 2017, Cardinal Archbishop Timothy M. Dolan celebrated a requiem mass when John Curry, the youngest witness to the Knock apparition, was reinterred in St. Patrick's Old Cathedral cemetery in Lower Manhattan after being disinterred from an unmarked grave on Long Island.


title: Knock Shrine

text: The parish priest at the time of the apparition was The Very Reverend Bartholomew Aloysius Cavanagh, who was also Archdeacon of the diocese. He was appointed parish priest of Knock-Aghamore in 1867, and was about 58 at the time of the apparition. He died in 1897 and is buried in the Old Church.


title: With the Lights Out

text: With the Lights Out is a box set by the American rock band Nirvana released in November 2004. It contains three CDs and one DVD of previously rare or unreleased material, including B-sides, demos, and rehearsal and live recordings. The title comes from the lyrics of Nirvana's 1991 single "Smells Like Teen Spirit". The box set was planned for release in 2001, but was delayed by a legal battle with Courtney Love, the widow of Nirvana singer Kurt Cobain. As of 2016, "With the Lights Out" had sold 546,000 copies in the US.


title: With the Lights Out

text: Rumors of a posthumous Nirvana anthology surfaced in the mid-1990s, not long after the death of singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain in April 1994. It was reported in "Kerrang!" in April 1999 that the surviving Nirvana members, Dave Grohl and Krist Novoselic, were planning a Nirvana box set to be released in 2000 at the earliest. It was later announced that a 45-track box set would be released in September 2001, to mark the 10th anniversary of the band's breakthrough album, "Nevermind", but it was delayed by a legal battle with Cobain's widow Courtney Love.


title: With the Lights Out

text: Much of the dispute centered on the unreleased song "You Know You're Right", recorded in January 1994 during the band's final studio session. Grohl and Novoselic wanted it for the box set, but Love blocked its release and sued them for control of Nirvana's legacy. Love's lawsuit asserted that "the parties have fundamentally different concepts of how to manage the musical and artistic legacy of Kurt Cobain", which resulted "in a stalemate of decision making". She believed that "You Know You're Right" would be "wasted" on a box set, and instead belonged on a single-disc compilation similar to the Beatles' "1".


title: With the Lights Out

text: In 2002, the legal battle was settled, and "You Know You're Right" appeared on the "best-of" compilation "Nirvana". This paved the way for what became the "With the Lights Out" box set, which arrived in November 2004, over three years after its original release date but with more music than originally promised, including an acoustic demo of "You Know You're Right".


title: With the Lights Out

text: Before the release of "With the Lights Out", a promotional EP entitled "Selections from With the Lights Out" was sent out to radio stations, featuring the songs "White Lace and Strange", "Blandest", "Lithium", "Heart-Shaped Box" and "You Know You're Right" from the box set. "Lithium" was also released as an exclusive iTunes downloadable single on November 22, 2004. The music video for the original version of "In Bloom", made in 1990 and first released on the "Sub Pop Video Network Program" VHS compilation in 1991, was released to music television to promote the box set. The video appears on the box set's DVD.


title: With the Lights Out

text: An online trailer was also released for the box set, featuring footage from the DVD and audio from the three CDs.


title: With the Lights Out

text: "With the Lights Out" is packaged in heat-sensitive material which changes color when touched, revealing images of recording session tapes.


title: With the Lights Out

text: Each of the three CDs loosely represents the rare recordings from three periods in Nirvana's history, in line with the band's three studio albums, "Bleach", "Nevermind" and "In Utero", which were released in 1989, 1991 and 1993 respectively. The DVD contains rare live performances and rehearsals from throughout the band's career.


title: With the Lights Out

text: It includes a 60-page booklet which contains liner notes by Thurston Moore of the American rock band Sonic Youth and journalist Neil Strauss, as well as photographs and a chronological catalog of the band's recording history, including studio sessions, television and radio appearances, live performances and home demo recordings sessions.


title: With the Lights Out

text: The band's May 6, 1987 radio session at KAOS 89.3 FM in Olympia, Washington is mislabeled as being from April 17, 1987.


title: With the Lights Out

text: "With the Lights Out" received generally positive reviews from music critics, many of whom saw it as a valuable glimpse into the band's evolution. Julian Marshall of the "NME" called it "a humanising, comprehensive and often heartbreaking document of a man who, in five years, changed the face of music, almost by accident". John Jeremiah Sullivan of "New York Magazine" called it "an appropriately eccentric testament to Cobain's talent".


title: With the Lights Out

text: However, several critics felt it contained too much second-rate material never intended for release. Mark Richardson of "Pitchfork" wrote, "Those hoping for a trove of overlooked gems will be disappointed ... Simply put, there's enough good stuff here for a solid single disc." Tim O'Neil of "PopMatters" wrote, "The majority of the material presented here will appeal only to a select group of hardcore fans, music historians and critics."


title: With the Lights Out

text: "Sliver: The Best of the Box" is a compilation album by the American rock band, Nirvana, released in November 2005. It contains 19 tracks from the band's 2004 rarities box set, "With the Lights Out", as well as three previously unreleased recordings: "Spank Thru", from the 1985 "Fecal Matter" demo, a 1990 studio recording of "Sappy", and a 1991 boombox demo of "Come as You Are". "Sliver: The Best of the Box" opened at number 21 on the "Billboard" 200. Nielson Soundscan reported that as of 2016, "Sliver: The Best of the Box" has sold 376,000 copies in the U.S.


title: With the Lights Out

text: According to "Rolling Stone", the title and cover photograph for "Sliver: The Best of the Box" were chosen by Frances Bean, the daughter of Cobain and Courtney Love. The cover photograph depicts a cardboard box filled with Nirvana and Cobain tapes, including a copy of the Fecal Matter demo. Some of the tapes have spilled out of the box and are strewn across the floor.


title: Jaypee Group

text: Jaiprakash Associates Limited, commonly known as Jaypee Group, is an Indian conglomerate company based in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. It has business interests in engineering, construction, power, cement, real estate, hospitality, IT, sports and education (not-for-profit).


title: Jaypee Group

text: Manoj Gaur is the elder son of Jaiprakash Gaur. He is the Chairman of the Jaiprakash Associates Limited.


title: Jaypee Group

text: Jaypee is India's first largest cement producer and the largest private sector hydropower company with 1,700 MW in operation. The Jaypee Group successfully completed projects in 18 states of India and Bhutan. Jaypee is the engineering and construction company for India's Yamuna Expressway, which opened 9 August 2012.


title: Jaypee Group

text: JIL, the group flagship, has an engineering and construction wing which mostly supports Jaypee projects. It also has the largest land bank in India's National Capital Region, i.e., New Delhi. Jaypee has two thermal power plants (Bina Thermal Power plant – 500 MW and Nigrie Thermal Power Plant – 2X660 MW).


title: Jaypee Group

text: Jaiprakash Gaur is the founder and was chairman of Jaiprakash Associates Limited. After acquiring a Diploma in Civil Engineering in 1950 from the now called Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR) in Roorkee, Uttarakhand, he had a stint with the Government of Uttar Pradesh. Later he became an entrepreneur, started as a civil contractor in 1958.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: The Towers of Bologna are a group of medieval structures in Bologna, Italy. The two most prominent ones remaining, known as the Two Towers, are a landmark of the city.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: Between the 12th and the 13th century, Bologna was a city full of towers. Almost all the towers were tall (the highest being 97m), defensive stone towers. Besides the towers, there are still some fortified gateways ("torresotti") that correspond to the gates of the 12th-century city wall ("Mura dei torresotti" or "Cerchia dei Mille"), which itself has been almost completely destroyed.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: The reasons for the construction of so many towers are not clear. One hypothesis is that the richest families used them for offensive/defensive purposes during the period of the Investiture Controversy.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: In the 13th century, many towers were taken down or demolished, and others simply collapsed. Many towers have subsequently been utilized in one way or the other: as prison, city tower, shop or residential building. Still, the towers remained a famous sight of Bologna throughout the later periods; even Dante mentioned some of the towers in his "Inferno". The last demolitions took place during the 20th century, according to an ambitious, but retrospectively unfortunate, restructuring plan for the city; the Artenisi Tower and the Riccadonna Tower at the "Mercato di mezzo" were demolished in 1917.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: Fewer than twenty towers can still be seen in today's Bologna. Among the remaining ones are the Azzoguidi Tower, also called "Altabella" (with a height of 61 m), the Prendiparte Tower, called "Coronata" (60 m), the Scappi Tower (39 m), Uguzzoni Tower (32 m), Guidozagni Tower, Galluzzi Tower, and the famous Two Towers: the Asinelli Tower (97 m) and the Garisenda Tower (48 m).


title: Towers of Bologna

text: The construction of the towers was quite onerous, the usage of serfs notwithstanding. To build a typical tower with a height of 60 m would have required between three and ten years of work.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: Each tower had a square cross-section with foundations between five and ten meters deep, reinforced by poles hammered into the ground and covered with pebble and lime. The tower's base was made of big blocks of selenite stone. The remaining walls became successively thinner and lighter the higher the structure was raised, and were realised in so-called ""a sacco"" masonry: with a thick inner wall and a thinner outer wall, with the gap being filled with stones and mortar.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: Usually, some holes were left in the outer wall as well as bigger hollows in the selenite to support scaffoldings and to allow for later coverings and constructions, generally on the basis of wood.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: The towers must actually have crowded Bologna in the Middle Ages and there has been considerable debate about their peak number before the first ones were demolished to avoid collapse or for other reasons.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: The first historian to study the towers of Bologna in a systematic way was Count Giovanni Gozzadini, a senator of the Italian kingdom in the 19th century, who studied the city's history intensively, not least to raise the prestige of his home town in the context of the now united Italy. He based his analysis mostly on the civic archives of real estate deeds, attempting to arrive at a reliable number of towers on the basis of documented ownership changes. His approach resulted in the extraordinary number of 180 towers, an enormous amount considering the size and resources of medieval Bologna.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: More recent studies pointed out that Gozzadini's methodology might have led to multiple counts of buildings, which could have been referred to in legal documents by different names, depending on the name of the family who actually owned it at a given moment. More recent estimates reduced therefore the number to a total between 80 and 100, where not all towers existed at the same time.


title: Towers of Bologna

text: The most famous pair of towers are located at the intersection of the roads that lead to the five gates of the old ring wall ("mura dei torresotti"). This was the site of the early medieval Gate to the Via Emilia, the Porta Ravennate, now remembered by the name of the adjacent Piazza di Porta Ravegnana. The taller tower is called the "Asinelli" while the smaller but more leaning tower is called the "Garisenda".


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Fortescue Metals Group Limited (often referred to as Fortescue Metals Group, FMG, or simply Fortescue) is an Australian iron ore company. As of 2017, Fortescue is the fourth-largest iron ore producer in the world. The company has holdings of more than 87,000 km in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, making it the largest tenement holder in the state, larger than both BHP and Rio Tinto.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Andrew "Twiggy" Forrest is chair and owns a third of the company. Elizabeth Gaines is currently the CEO of Fortescue, but Forrest will assume an 'Executive Chairman' role and in effect act as the CEO on an interim basis from August 2022 when Gaines moves into the role of global brand ambassador for the company's renewable energy arm, Fortescue Future Industries until a replacement is found.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The group has two main areas of operation located within the Pilbara region of Western Australia, the Chichester Hub and Solomon Hub. Plans to develop a third, Western Hub were as of 2017 in developmental stage. In 2017 Fortescue started exploration of possible mining tenements in South America and other parts of Australia. FMG engages professional lobbyists to represent their interests to parliaments in multiple jurisdictions. In South Australia, they are represented by Spring Street Advisory Pty Ltd.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Located in the heart of the Pilbara, the Chichester Hub is made up of Fortescue's flagship minesite Cloudbreak and the second minesite Christmas Creek. The total Chichester Hub produces 90 million tonnes per annum (mtpa) of iron ore plus an additional five mtpa from a joint venture with BC Iron.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Fortescue's first minesite Cloudbreak currently mines 40 million tonnes of iron ore a year. The horizontal nature of the deposits at Cloudbreak called for a new mining approach to those used at other mines which operate on vertical deposits of ore. Overburden removal is done using conventional blast, truck and shovel methods while specially designed surface miners cut and load the ore into trucks for transport to the run of mine stockpiles.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Screening, crushing and desand plants at the Cloudbreak ore processing facility prepare and refine the product before the ore is stockpiled ahead of transport to port. The train loadout facility at Cloudbreak is capable of feeding 16,000 tonnes of ore per hour on the trains ready for the journey along the heavy-haul railway to the facilities at Herb Elliott Port.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Mining began at Christmas Creek, to the east of Cloudbreak, in May 2009. Subsequent expansion projects have lifted production capacity to 50 million tonnes per annum.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The operations at Christmas Creek are undergoing expansion and in late 2010 a extension to the existing Port Hedland to Cloudbreak rail line was completed to transport the ore to Cloudbreak. The first ore-processing facility (OPF) was commissioned at Christmas Creek in April 2011 with a second OPF commissioned in 2012. As part of the second expansion, a number of additional infrastructure projects were completed, including a overland conveyor, a new airstrip, an expansion of the power plant and increasing capacity at the operations village to 1,600 rooms.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In January 2013, Fortescue awarded Macmahon Holdings a $1.8 billion mining services contract for its Christmas Creek mine expansion. The Christmas Creek expansion increases the capacity of the Chichester operations to 95 million tons a year, and was a key component of the company's 155-million-tonne-a-year expansion plans.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Located in the middle of Fortescue's Pilbara tenement area, the Solomon Hub was Fortescue's next major project. It has almost twice the resource and less than half the strip ratio of the Chichester Hub. Fortescue's Exploration team has already delineated more than of resource at the Solomon Hub and there are identified exploration prospects targeting up to . In May 2013, Fortescue officially opened its 20-million-tonne-per-annum (mtpa) Firetail mine at Solomon. In December 2013, the company announced it had achieved first production from its 40 mtpa Kings Valley mine.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The train load out (TLO) facility at Firetail was commissioned in November 2012 and the first ore was transported on the Fortescue Hamersley Rail Line in December 2012. In December 2012 Fortescue opened the Solomon Railway that connects Solomon to Fortescue's mainline to its port operations.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: A third operation within the Solomon hub, the Queens Valley mine, was approved for construction in 2019 at a projected cost of A$417 million. The mine, located 15 km west of the Kings Valley mine, is scheduled to open in 2022.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In May 2018 Fortescue announced a US$1.28 billion development of a new mine in the Pilbara at the Eliwana site. This expansion will include an additional 143 km of railway and a dry ore processing plant capable of processing 30 million tonnes a year. The new mine is expected to have an 18-year lifespan and will be funded from the company's cash flow.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The project is expected create 1,900 construction jobs and 500 permanent full-time positions with production expected to commence in 2020. The Eliwana mine is part of Fortescue's strategy to move to a 60 per cent iron-grade product.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Scheduled to open 2022, the Iron Bridge mine, located 145 kilometers south of Port Hedland, is projected to produce 22 million tonnes of high-grade 67% Magnetite per annum. The project is a joint venture between Fortescue and Formosa Steel, with Baosteel as a minority share holder. The project suffered from cost explosion, with the latest projection of A$4.87 billion being 30 percent higher than the original estimate.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: BC Iron is a much smaller mining company with iron ore deposits at Nullagine. In 2009, the two companies entered into a 50-50 joint venture in which BC Iron manages mining, crushing and screening, and trucking while Fortescue is contracted to provide haulage and port services to the joint venture. In December 2012 Fortescue sold a 25% stake to BC Iron Ore for A$190 million and agreed to increase the available capacity to the NJV on Fortescue's rail and port infrastructure from the existing 5 million tonnes per annum (mtpa), to 6 mtpa for the life of the joint venture.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In June 2018 Fortescue announced the purchase of 15% of junior iron ore miner Atlas Iron. This broughtg Fortescue's ownership stakes up to nearly 20%. The acquisition of a controlling interest in Atlas Iron was planned to give Fortescue access to greater port capacity as well as additional higher-grade iron ore tenements. This also potentially allowed a move towards lithium production.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: This move was also potentially giving Fortescue access to the North West Infrastructure joint venture. This venture was a collaboration between Atlas Iron, Brockman Mining and FerrAus.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In October 2018 however, Atlas was acquired by Redstone Resources, a fully owned subsidiary of Hancock Prospecting, and delisted from the Australian Securities Exchange on 21 November 2018.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In 2017 Fortescue announced they were looking to diversify their portfolio by exploring for metals and minerals in South America and other parts of Australia. Gold, copper and lithium were highlighted as commodities of interest.We continue to undertake early-stage, low-cost exploration on copper gold prospective tenements in South Australia and New South Wales and have assessed high-potential, early-stage exploration tenements in Ecuador, where Fortescue was granted 32 exploration areas.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In 2020, Fortescue Future Industries was created to produce energy in several countries, starting with the 60 MW solar farm at its Chichester Hub.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The company has built a mine, a private railway and a new port at Point Anderson (aka Herb Elliot Port) near Port Hedland. The Fortescue rail line has a flyover over the Mount Newman railway, and a crossing of the BHP Billiton railway. The "first ore on ship" on the line occurred in May 2008, years after construction started.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The railway's 240-wagon iron ore trains are amongst the heaviest trains in the world. The (standard-gauge) heavy-haul railway is used by trains up to long carrying of ore at a axle load (the weight of the two engines is extra). The railway is available to other miners for a fee. Atlas Exports has signed a commercial agreement to use the line and port.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The railway parallels another iron ore railway, the BHP Billiton railway, for over . Fortescue had sought access to use this line, but BHP declined. The matter remains in litigation.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The FMG railway uses the up-to-date electronically controlled pneumatic brakes for all its rolling stock.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Fortescue has an operating fleet of seven ore carriers with an eighth currently in construction. Four of the carriers were built by the Yangzijiang shipyard in Jiangsu, China. The rest of the fleet is being built by Guangzhou Shipyard International.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: FMG lodged applications for three mining leases in the Solomon Hub area in 2008, and began negotiations with the native title holders through the Yindjibarndi Aboriginal Corporation (YAC). Negotiations broke down and the YAC lodged its opposition to the grant of the three licenses to the Native Title Tribunal in 2009, initially failing to win orders preventing the grant of the licenses. The YAC also failed in its initial Federal Court appeal of that decision last year, and the State Government issued the mining licenses to FMG in late November 2010. Both FMG and the YAC are now waiting on the results of a new appeal to the Full Bench of the Federal Court. The company estimated the extraction of 2.4 billion tons of ore over the next 40 years, worth $280 billion, offering less than a deal struck by Rio Tinto that would provide $2 billion over 40 years.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: On 8 April 2011, Slater & Gordon, representing the Yindjibarndi Aboriginal Corporation in its negotiations with FMG, requested FMG compensate the Yindjibarndi community. In March 2011, FMG was accused of supporting a break-off group to divide the local Yindjibarndi community during negotiations for access to traditional Yinjibarndi land for the planned $8.5 billion Solomon Hub project. While the law firm admitted FMG has put compensation money up, it said it was insufficient in comparison with the profits that will be made from this mine on the client's traditional land, as well as the royalty (tax) amounts that have been paid to non-Aboriginal people.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In 2021 negotiations over an Indigenous Land Use Agreement failed, and the Yindjibarndi Aboriginal Corporation is leading a native title compensation claim in the Federal Court, asserting that FMG have been mining on Yindjibarndi land without an agreement. According to the National Native Title Tribunal, the Federal Court needs to make a determination on whether the community is eligible for "compensation for the loss, impairment, diminution or extinguishment of native title rights and interests in the area".


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In late 2004 and early 2005, Fortescue chairman and then-CEO Andrew Forrest made a series of announcements that Fortescue had entered into "binding agreements" with three significant Chinese state-owned entities to build and finance infrastructure for the company.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In 2006, Australian Securities & Investments Commission (ASIC) commenced civil proceedings against Fortescue alleging the company had engaged in "misleading and deceptive conduct", had breached the disclosure provisions in the provisions in the Commonwealth Corporations Act 2001,[19] by claiming to have binding contracts with China and Mr Forrest had breached his duties as a director of a company.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: The matter was first heard by Justice Gilmour in the Federal Court with the judge dismissing ASIC's claims in their entirety. ASIC appealed and in February 2011 the Full Court of Federal Court unanimously upheld the ASIC appeal.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Fortescue appealed the decision and in 2012 the High Court ruled the Fortescue's representations of the agreements was "neither false nor misleading". In his judgement, Justice Honour concluded that Fortescue's releases "correctly represented that there was an agreement, and that it was in the view of the parties binding from the time of board approval".


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: Despite the early announcement, in 2008, the group loaded its first iron ore shipment bound for China. Fortescue have at least ten Chinese steel mill contracts lasting for around ten years. Baosteel was the first company to receive their iron ore.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In August 2013, CEO Nev Power announced the company had achieved its target of awarding $1 billion in contracts to Aboriginal business by the end of 2013. Fortescue had made the commitment in 2011 to award $1 billion in contracts to businesses at least 25% owned by Aboriginal Australians through its Billion Opportunities program.


title: Fortescue Metals Group

text: In reaching its target six months early, the company had signed 102 contracts and subcontracts with 50 businesses including $500 million worth of contracts with six Aboriginal joint ventures and Morris Corporation representing the largest-ever package of contracts awarded to Aboriginal businesses. Of the contracts awarded, Fortescue said more than 80% were awarded to Aboriginal businesses that were at least half indigenous owned. Fortescue chairman Andrew Forrest told "The Guardian": "The depth of what the Indigenous people have achieved and the change in direction they're taking is really historic."


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Heinrich Marx (born as Hirschel HaLevi; ; 15 April 1777 – 10 May 1838) was the father of the revolutionary leader and influential socialist thinker Karl Marx. He was a lawyer, and had eight children including Karl Marx and Louise Juta.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Heinrich Marx was born in Saarlouis, with the name Herschel Levi, the son of Rabbi Marx Levi Mordechai ben Samuel Halevi (1743–1804) and Eva Lwow (1753–1823). Heinrich Marx's father was the rabbi of Trier, a role which his older brother would later assume.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Heinrich Marx qualified as a lawyer in 1814, but upon Napoleon's 1815 defeat at Waterloo, the Rhineland came into the conservative control of the Kingdom of Prussia, from its more detached French administration. An 1812 edict, unenforced by the French, asserted that Jews could not occupy legal positions or state offices, and Prussian enforcement of the law led to trouble for Heinrich Marx.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Marx's colleagues, including the President of the Provincial Supreme court, defended him and sought an exception for him. The Prussian Minister of Justice rejected their appeals. In 1817 or 1818, he changed his name to Heinrich Marx and converted to Lutheran Christianity in the state Evangelical Church of Prussia to be allowed to practice law in Prussia. His wife and children were baptized in 1825 and 1824, respectively.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Largely non-religious Christian, Heinrich was a man of the Enlightenment, interested in the ideas of the philosophers Immanuel Kant and Voltaire. A classical liberal, he took part in agitation for a constitution and reforms in Prussia, then governed by an absolute monarchy. In 1815 Heinrich Marx began work as an attorney, in 1819 moving his family to a ten-room property near the Roman Porta Nigra archway. His wife, Henriette Pressburg (1788–1863), belonged to a prosperous Jewish business family from Nijmegen in the Netherlands. Henriette's sister Sophie Pressburg (1797–1854), Karl Marx's aunt, married Lion Philips (1794–1866), a wealthy Dutch tobacco manufacturer and industrialist, upon whom Karl and Jenny Marx would later often come to rely for loans while they were exiled in London. Sophie was the grandmother of Anton and Gerard Philips who later founded the Philips Electronics company.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: that man is by nature both good and rational, and that all that is needed to ensure triumph of these qualities is the removal of artificial obstacles from his path. They were disappearing already, and disappearing fast, and the time was rapidly approaching when the last citadels of reaction, the Catholic Church and the feudal nobility, would melt away before the irresistible march of reason...


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Born a Jew, a citizen of inferior legal and social status, he had attained to equality with his more enlightened neighbours, had earned their respect as a human being, and had become assimilated into what appeared to him as their more rational and dignified mode of life.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Heinrich Marx became a passionate Prussian patriot and monarchist who educated his family as liberal Christians. He died of tuberculosis at age 61 and was buried in the Protestant cemetery in Trier.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Heinrich had his son educated at home until the age of twelve. After graduating from the Trier Gymnasium, Karl enrolled in the Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn in 1835 at the age of seventeen; he wished to study philosophy and literature, but his father insisted on law as a more practical field of study. At Bonn, Karl joined the Trier Tavern Club drinking society (Landsmannschaft der Treveraner) and at one point served as its president. Because of Marx's poor grades, his father forced him to transfer to the far more serious and academically oriented Friedrich-Wilhelm University in Berlin, where his legal studies became less significant than excursions into philosophy and history.


title: Heinrich Marx

text: Even after Karl's move to Berlin, his parents remained concerned with his lifestyle and extravagance. After receiving a letter from Karl in November 1837, his father responded in critical fashion:


title: Heinrich Marx

text: However, in spite of their disagreements, Karl always retained a strong affection for his father, his daughter Eleanor writing “he never tired of talking about him, and always carried an old daguerreotype photograph of him”. On Karl's death, Engels laid the photograph in his coffin.


title: Rocket stove

text: A rocket stove is an efficient and hot burning stove using small-diameter wood fuel. Fuel is burned in a simple combustion chamber containing an insulated vertical chimney, which ensures almost complete combustion prior to the flames reaching the cooking surface. Rocket stove designs are most often used for portable stoves for cooking but the design is also used for large, fixed stoves in institutions, and to make rocket mass heaters for heating.


title: Rocket stove

text: In field tests in India, rocket stoves used 18 to 35 percent less fuel, compared to the traditional stoves, and reduced fuel used 39-47 percent, compared to the simple, traditional, open, three-stone fire.


title: Rocket stove

text: A precursor to the rocket stove was the Argand lamp, which was patented in 1780. This was a major development of the traditional oil lamp, which introduced a glass chimney above the flame to increase air-flow. As well as being used for lighting, this design was also used for cooking and for heating water due to its "affording much the strongest heat without smoke."


title: Rocket stove

text: Larry Winiarski, Technical Director of Aprovecho, began developing the rocket stove in 1980 based on a VITA stove, designed by Sam Baldwin, and rediscovered the principles of the systems developed by the Romans in hypocaust heating and cooking systems. A stove was designed to make tortillas based on the principles of the rocket stove and won an Ashden Award in 2005. Aprovecho won the same award in 2006 for their rocket stoves. Aprovecho rocket stoves were sold in Lesotho, Malawi, Uganda, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia.


title: Rocket stove

text: Many developing countries use traditional wood fuel stoves without proper ventilation, which produces indoor concentrations of smoke particles "typically 10 to 100 times the long-term levels recommended by the World Health Organization." Chronic exposure to these particles are linked with disease. Rocket stoves are better at combusting the fuel, thus using less fuel and producing less smoke, carbon monoxide, and soot.


title: Rocket stove

text: In rural Kenya, a comparison of traditional three-stone stoves and rocket mud stoves (RMS) showed that RMS use resulted in a 33% reduction of carbon monoxide production in the kitchen and a 42% reduction in "personal" carbon monoxide production, which was measured with data loggers placed on clothing.


title: Aqua (color)

text: Aqua (Latin for "water") is a variation of the color cyan. The for the two web colors named aqua and cyan are identical. It was one of the three secondary colors of the RGB color model used on computer and television displays. In the HSV color wheel aqua is precisely halfway between blue and green. However, aqua is not the same as the primary subtractive color named "process cyan" used in printing.


title: Aqua (color)

text: The words "aqua" and "cyan" are used interchangeably in computer graphics, and especially web design, to refer to the additive secondary color "cyan". Both colors are made exactly the same way on a computer screen, by combining blue and green light at equal and full intensity on a black screen. Traditionally, that color, defined as #00FFFF in hex, or (0,255,255) in RGB. The #00FFFF color code is called "cyan" in the RGB color but the X11 color names introduced the alternative name "aqua" for #00FFFF in 1987. Later, W3C popularized the name by using it in the named color palette of HTML 3.2 specifications.


title: Delta wave

text: Delta waves are high amplitude neural oscillations with a frequency between 0.5 and 4 hertz. Delta waves, like other brain waves, can be recorded with electroencephalography (EEG) and are usually associated with the deep stage 3 of NREM sleep, also known as slow-wave sleep (SWS), and aid in characterizing the depth of sleep. Suppression of delta waves leads to inability of body rejuvenation, brain revitalization and poor sleep.


title: Delta wave

text: "Delta waves" were first described in the 1930s by W. Grey Walter, who improved upon Hans Berger's electroencephalograph machine (EEG) to detect alpha and delta waves. Delta waves can be quantified using quantitative electroencephalography.


title: Delta wave

text: Delta waves, like all brain waves, can be detected by electroencephalography (EEG). Delta waves were originally defined as having a frequency between 1 and 4 Hz, although more recent classifications put the boundaries at between 0.5 and 2 Hz. They are the slowest and highest amplitude classically described brainwaves, although recent studies have described slower (<0.1 Hz) oscillations Delta waves begin to appear in stage 3 sleep, but by stage 4 nearly all spectral activity is dominated by delta waves. Stage 3 sleep is defined as having less than 50% delta wave activity, while stage 4 sleep has more than 50% delta wave activity. These stages have recently been combined and are now collectively referred to as stage N3 slow-wave sleep. During N3 SWS, delta waves account for 20% or more of the EEG record during this stage. Delta waves occur in all mammals, and potentially all animals as well.


title: Delta wave

text: Delta waves are often associated with another EEG phenomenon, the K-complex. K-Complexes have been shown to immediately precede delta waves in slow wave sleep.


title: Delta wave

text: Delta waves have also been classified according to the location of the activity into frontal (FIRDA), temporal (TIRDA), and occipital (OIRDA) intermittent delta activity.


title: Delta wave

text: Females have been shown to have more delta wave activity, and this is true across most mammal species . This discrepancy does not become apparent until early adulthood (in the 30s or 40s in humans), with males showing greater age-related reductions in delta wave activity than females.


title: Delta wave

text: Delta waves can arise either in the thalamus or in the cortex. When associated with the thalamus, they are thought to arise in coordination with the reticular formation. In the cortex, the suprachiasmatic nuclei have been shown to regulate delta waves, as lesions to this area have been shown to cause disruptions in delta wave activity. In addition, delta waves show a lateralization, with right hemisphere dominance during sleep.


title: Delta wave

text: Delta waves have been shown to be mediated in part by T-type calcium channels. During delta wave sleep, neurons are globally inhibited by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).


title: Delta wave

text: Delta activity stimulates the release of several hormones, including growth hormone releasing hormone GHRH and prolactin (PRL). GHRH is released from the hypothalamus, which in turn stimulates release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. The secretion of (PRL), which is closely related to (GH), is also regulated by the pituitary. The release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), is decreased in response to delta-wave signaling.


title: Delta wave

text: Infants have been shown to spend a great deal of time in slow-wave sleep, and thus have more delta wave activity. In fact, delta-waves are the predominant waveforms of infants. Analysis of the waking EEG of a newborn infant indicates that delta wave activity is predominant in that age, and still appears in a waking EEG of five-year-olds. Delta wave activity during slow-wave sleep declines during adolescence, with a drop of around 25% reported between the ages of 11 and 14 years. Delta waves have been shown to decrease across the lifespan, with most of the decline seen in the mid-forties. By the age of about 75, stage four sleep and delta waves may be entirely absent.


title: Delta wave

text: In addition to a decrease in the incidence of delta waves during slow-wave sleep in the elderly, the incidence of temporal delta wave activity is commonly seen in older adults, and incidences also increase with age.


title: Delta wave

text: Regional delta wave activity not associated with NREM sleep was first described by W. Grey Walter, who studied cerebral hemisphere tumors. Disruptions in delta wave activity and slow wave sleep are seen in a wide array of disorders. In some cases there may be increases or decreases in delta wave activity, while others may manifest as disruptions in delta wave activity, such as alpha waves presenting in the EEG spectrum. Delta wave disruptions may present as a result of physiological damage, changes in nutrient metabolism, chemical alteration, or may also be idiopathic.


title: Delta wave

text: Disruptions in delta activity is seen in adults during states of intoxication or delirium and in those diagnosed with various neurological disorders such as dementia or schizophrenia.


title: Delta wave

text: Temporal low-voltage irregular delta wave activity has been commonly detected in patients with ischemic brain diseases, particularly in association with small ischemic lesions and is seen to be indicative of early-stage cerebrovascular damage.


title: Delta wave

text: Parasomnias, a category of sleep disorders, are often associated with disruptions in slow wave sleep. Sleep walking and sleep talking most often occur during periods of high delta wave activity. Sleep walkers have also been shown to have more hypersynchronous delta activity (HSD) compared to total time spent in stages 2, 3, and 4 sleep relative to healthy controls. HSD refers to the presence of continuous, high-voltage (> 150 µV) delta waves seen in sleep EEGs. Parasomnias which occur deep in NREM sleep also include sleep terrors and confusional arousals.


title: Delta wave

text: Total sleep deprivation has been shown to increase delta wave activity during sleep recovery, and has also been shown to increase hypersynchronous delta activity.


title: Delta wave

text: Sleep disturbances, as well as dementia, are common features of Parkinson's disease, and patients with this disease show disrupted brain wave activity. The drug Rotigotine, developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, has been shown to increase delta power and slow-wave sleep.


title: Delta wave

text: People with schizophrenia have shown disrupted EEG patterns, and there is a close association of reduced delta waves during deep sleep and negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia. During slow wave sleep (stages 3 and 4), people with schizophrenia have been shown to have reduced delta wave activity, although delta waves have also been shown to be increased during waking hours in more severe forms of schizophrenia.


title: Delta wave

text: A recent study has shown that the right frontal and central delta wave dominance, seen in healthy individuals, is absent in patients with schizophrenia. In addition, the negative correlation between delta wave activity and age is also not observed in those with schizophrenia.


title: Delta wave

text: Disruptions in slow wave (delta) sleep have been shown to increase risk for development of Type II diabetes, potentially due to disruptions in the growth hormone secreted by the pituitary. In addition, hypoglycemia occurring during sleep may also disrupt delta-wave activity. Low-voltage irregular delta waves, have also been found in the left temporal lobe of diabetic patients, at a rate of 56% (compared to 14% in healthy controls).


title: Delta wave

text: Patients with fibromyalgia often report unrefreshing sleep. A study conducted in 1975 by Moldovsky "et al." showed that the delta wave activity of these patients in stages 3 and 4 sleep were often interrupted by alpha waves. They later showed that depriving the body of delta wave sleep activity also induced musculoskeletal pain and fatigue.


title: Delta wave

text: Alcoholism has been shown to produce sleep with less slow wave sleep and less delta power, while increasing stage 1 and REM incidence in both men and women. In long-term alcohol abuse, the influences of alcohol on sleep architecture and reductions in delta activity have been shown to persist even after long periods of abstinence.


title: Delta wave

text: W. Grey Walter was the first person to use delta waves from an EEG to locate brain tumors and lesions causing temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurofeedback has been suggested as a treatment for temporal lobe epilepsy, and theoretically acts to reduce inappropriate delta wave intrusion, although there has been limited clinical research in this area.


title: Delta wave

text: Initially, dreaming was thought to only occur in rapid eye movement sleep, though it is now known that dreaming may also occur during slow-wave sleep. Delta waves and delta wave activity are marked, in most people, by an apparently unconscious state, and the loss of physical awareness as well as the "iteration of information".


title: Delta wave

text: Delta wave activity has also been purported to aid in the formation of declarative and explicit memory formation.


title: Delta wave

text: While most drugs that affect sleep do so by stimulating sleep onset, or disrupting REM sleep, a number of chemicals and drugs have been shown to alter delta wave activity.


title: Delta wave

text: Diets very low in carbohydrates, such as a ketogenic diet, have been shown to increase the amount of delta activity and slow wave sleep in healthy individuals.


title: 2009 in video games

text: The year 2009 saw many sequels and prequels in video games. New intellectual properties include "", "Bayonetta", "Borderlands", "Demon's Souls", "", "Infamous", "Just Dance", "Minecraft", and "Prototype".


title: Nikola Peković

text: Nikola Peković (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Пековић; born 3 January 1986) is a Montenegrin businessman, basketball executive and former professional player who is the current president of the Basketball Federation of Montenegro. He began his playing career in Europe before spending seven years with the Minnesota Timberwolves of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Standing at , he played at the center position. A two-time All-EuroLeague selection, he represented the senior Montenegrin national basketball team.


title: Nikola Peković

text: Peković began playing basketball with a junior team from Podgorica at the age of 15. In 2003, he moved to Belgrade, Serbia and signed his first professional contract with Atlas during the summer.


title: Nikola Peković

text: After two years there, Peković joined the national champions Partizan in July 2005. With Black and Whites, he won three consecutive Basketball League of Serbia titles, two Adriatic League and Radivoj Korać Cup titles. Peković was named the MVP of the Adriatic League Final Four in 2008. The same year, he also earned an All-Euroleague Second Team selection for leading Partizan to the competition's quarterfinals.


title: Nikola Peković

text: In the summer of 2008, Peković joined the Greek champions Panathinaikos. He signed a three-year contract worth €4.5 million net income. He averaged 13.0 points and 3.8 rebounds in just over 18 minutes per contest, helping Panathinaikos win the 2008–09 EuroLeague title. Peković consequently established himself as one of Europe's elite centers, being voted to the All-EuroLeague First Team. With PAO, he also won two Greek League titles and the 2009 Greek Cup.


title: Nikola Peković

text: Peković was selected with the 31st overall pick in the 2008 NBA draft by the Minnesota Timberwolves. Many draft experts considered him a top 10 pick, but due to his contract situation with his team in Europe, he was selected much lower. He was considered a lock to be drafted with the first pick of the second round because players selected in the second round are not subject to the rookie scale contracts of the first round. This meant that the team that drafted him would be able to pay him more than those players selected later in the first round. Due to the amount of money Peković was making in Europe already, he likely would not have made the jump to the NBA for the amount of money that could be paid to a late first round player.


title: Nikola Peković

text: On 30 June 2010, two years after being drafted, Peković signed a three-year, $13 million contract with the Timberwolves. As a rookie in the NBA in 2010–11, Peković averaged 5.5 points and 3.0 rebounds per game.


title: Nikola Peković

text: On 16 August 2011, Peković signed a contract to play for his former team Partizan until the end of the 2011 NBA lockout. In 7 Euroleague games with Partizan, he led the team averaging 15.4 points and 4.6 rebounds. As the NBA lockout ended on 8 December 2011, he had to return to the United States.


title: Nikola Peković

text: The 2011–12 shortened NBA season started on 25 December 2011. Upon returning to Minnesota, through January 2012, Peković stepped in for an injured Darko Miličić as the starting center for the Timberwolves. He finished the 2011–12 season with 13.9 points and 7.4 rebounds in 26.9 minutes per game. In voting for the Most Improved Player, Peković finished third behind Orlando's Ryan Anderson and Milwaukee's Ersan İlyasova.


title: Nikola Peković

text: During the 2012–13 NBA season, Peković cemented his position of starting center and with team's superstar Kevin Love, led the Timberwolves frontcourt. With 31-51 record, it was the first season since Kevin Garnett's departure that the Timberwolves won more than 30 regular season games. Peković averaged 16.3 points and career-high 8.8 rebounds per game.


title: Nikola Peković

text: On 14 August 2013, Peković re-signed with the Timberwolves to a five-year, $60 million deal. On 27 January 2014, he suffered an ankle injury that hindered him for the rest of the season; he played only 10 games until the end of the season. The 2013–14 season for the Timberwolves was even more successful than previous as they managed to win 40 games. Over the season, Peković averaged a career-high 17.5 points and 8.7 rebounds over 54 regular season games.


title: Nikola Peković

text: In August 2014, the Timberwolves traded Love in a three-team trade receiving Andrew Wiggins, starting the new era of the franchise.


title: Nikola Peković

text: During the 2014–15 season, Peković managed to play only 31 games due to a right ankle injury, averaging 12.5 points per game. On 8 April 2015, Peković had surgery on his right Achilles tendon in hopes of addressing the pain in his bothersome right foot. The departure of Love, Peković's absence from the court and other factors resulted in the worst league record of 16–66 for the Timberwolves. Eventually the Timberwolves won the draft lottery and selected Karl-Anthony Towns with the first overall pick, strengthening their core of young talented players in Wiggins and Zach LaVine.


title: Nikola Peković

text: Entering his third season of a new contract, Peković was still enduring chronically sore ankles and Achilles. He made his season debut for the Timberwolves on 6 January 2016, playing for the first time since 11 March 2015. In 16 minutes of action off the bench, he scored 12 points in a loss to the Denver Nuggets. Over the season, he appeared in just 12 games, averaging career lows of 4.5 points and 1.8 rebounds.


title: Nikola Peković

text: On 25 September 2016, Peković was ruled out for the entire 2016–17 season due to recurring right ankle pain. At the time, it appeared unlikely Peković would ever return to the court with the Timberwolves. On 20 June 2017, following the conclusion of the 2016–17 season, Peković was waived by the Timberwolves.


title: Nikola Peković

text: While playing with the youth national teams of Serbia and Montenegro, Peković received the bronze medal at the 2005 European Under-20 Championship, in Russia. He also won the gold medal with his generation at the 2006 tournament, which was held in Turkey.


title: Nikola Peković

text: Peković represented the senior Montenegrin national team at the EuroBasket 2011, which was held in Lithuania. Over 5 tournament games, he averaged 13.0 points and 6.4 rebounds per game, as Montenegro finished the tournament after being eliminated after the first phase.


title: Nikola Peković

text: In September 2015, Peković accepted an offer by the KK Partizan board of directors of becoming the club's new president, following the late August 2015 resignation of Sasha Danilović. Soon after taking the position, he hired Petar Božić to be the club's new head coach, thus not offering Duško Vujošević a new contract.


title: Nikola Peković

text: In January 2020, Peković became a team manager for the Montenegro national basketball team, while on 26 April 2020 he was named the president of the Basketball Federation of Montenegro. Few hours prior to being named on this position, Peković met with Deputy Prime Minister Dritan Abazović, with the two holding a meeting about the future of basketball in Montenegro.


title: Nikola Peković

text: Peković is an ethnic Serb and a Serbian Orthodox Christian. He spends his off-seasons in Serbia, (particularly in Zlatibor), where he has built an apartment house, as well as in Belgrade. He has several Serb-themed tattoos, including the Battle of Kosovo and the Serbian cross.


title: Nikola Peković

text: Peković is connected to several underworld figures, most notably Montenegrin drug lord Darko Šarić who has been held in custody since 2011. Peković has numerous business investments with Šarić in Serbia and Montenegro. In October 2018, Peković took over 1.15-million-euro debt of Darko Šarić's brother.


title: Nikola Peković

text: On 10 October 2020, Peković was reported to have been hospitalized after being infected by coronavirus.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: The story revolves around Koyomi Araragi, a third-year high school student, now a quasi-vampire after surviving a vampire attack, with the help of Meme Oshino, a specialist in the supernatural. Despite having some superhuman abilities, such as regeneration, Koyomi tries his best to live life as a normal student, but keeps encountering girls with supernatural problems.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: As Koyomi walks up the stairs, he notices a woman falling from the top of the staircase. He catches her, but notices that the woman, Hitagi Senjougahara has no weight to her. As natural, Koyomi find it unusual and realized something is wrong. Determined to help her, he goes to Tsubasa Hanekawa to learn more about Hitagi. However, after attempting to confront her, she refuses his help and then proceeded to staple his mouth threatening him to not mess with her. Koyomi however not listening to her insists, and then runs after her to show that the wound she made in Koyomi’s mouth has fully healed. Convinced with this and realizing he has been involved with oddities, she accepts the help of Koyomi. Koyomi takes Hitagi to the same person that helped him, Oshino Meme. In the past, Hitagi Senjougahara’s mother was involved with a cult and brought a member of the cult to their house; whom the cult member attempted to sexually assault her as her mother did nothing to stop it, which she then hurt the man in self defense and as punishment, they took the mother away from the family. Oshino tells her that the curse is a crab, an oddity that cuts your weight. In Hitagi’s case, she had family affairs and had intentionally removes the guilt and burden of the issues, leading to being bitten by the crab oddity that stripped her of her weight. Oshino suggests they return back on midnight for the ritual After a while, Koyomi and Hitagi head to the cram school again. They see Oshino who has prepared the ritual and it starts immediately. The crab becomes visible and attacks Hitagi but she realizes to get rid of it, she must bear the weight of all the guilt of her family affairs. Gaining her normal weight back, she thanks Koyomi and befriends him.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: On January 10, 2018, Nisio Isin announced via Twitter that "Bakemonogatari", from his "Monogatari" series, would receive a manga adaptation. On February 13, 2018, Kodansha revealed three pieces of character art and opened a contest for Twitter users to guess the identity of the artist who would illustrate the series. On February 28, 2018, it was announced that manga artist Oh! great would be illustrating the series.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: In comments on the website "Mantan Web", Oh! great explained his reasons for adding "Kizumonogatari" into the "Bakemonogatari" manga adaptation. He stated that for the "Tsubasa Cat" arc to work properly, he needed to adapt "Kizumonogatari" and "Nekomonogatari", because in that way the readers would sympathize more for Hanekawa, and it would explain Senjougahara's position in the story thus far. He received Isin's permission to include "Kizumonogatari" in-between the arcs "Nadeko Snake" and "Tsubasa Cat", but stated that he does not know if he will adapt "Nekomonogatari" yet, although he has an idea in mind if he does. He finished saying that his plan is to end the manga in the same way the novels ended with the high school festival. The manga entered its final stage at the beginning of 2022.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: "Bakemonogatari" started in Kodansha's "shōnen" manga magazine "Weekly Shōnen Magazine" on March 14, 2018. Kodansha has collected its chapters into individual "tankōbon" volumes. The first volume was released on June 15, 2018. The special edition of the first volume contained a short prose story by Nisio Isin and a short manga titled by Oh! great. As of November 17, 2022, nineteen volumes have been released. In June 2022, Kodansha announced that the series would enter a three-month hiatus due to Oh! great's health issues and would resume publication on September 7.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: In North America, Vertical announced the English release of the manga in March 2019. The first volume was released on October 1, 2019.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: A preview video for the manga adaptation, produced by Shaft, was shown to visitors of the Oh! Great Exhibition from August 14–31, 2021 and then released on February 17, 2022, alongside the 16th volume of the manga.


title: Bakemonogatari (manga)

text: The first three volumes of the "Bakemonogatari" had over 1 million copies in circulation as of January 2019. The first nine volumes of "Bakemonogatari" had over 2.4 million copies in circulation as of August 2020, including digital releases.


title: Danny Loader

text: Daniel Namaso Loader (born 28 August 2000) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for Portuguese side Porto.


title: Danny Loader

text: Loader was born in Reading, Berkshire, and started his career in the youth team of Wycombe Wanderers before joining the under-13 side at his hometown club Reading in 2012. He studied at Leighton Park School and then The Forest School. In 2016 he won the Maurice Edelston Memorial Trophy for the best academy schoolboy at the club. In the summer of 2016 he started a two-year scholarship, but was quickly promoted to the under-23 side after a number of games and went on to represent the side in the EFL Trophy campaign. He made his professional debut for the first team at the age of sixteen in August 2017, coming on as a substitute for Leandro Bacuna in extra time in the 3–1 victory over Millwall in the EFL Cup. In the process he became only the third Reading player to make his debut under the age of seventeen. At the end of the month he signed his first professional contract when he turned seventeen. Prolific for the youth team, he was given a chance in the first team under José Gomes and became the youngest Reading player to reach 20 appearances. On 27 April, he scored his first senior goal against Middlesbrough.


title: Danny Loader

text: Loader was close to a move to Wolverhampton Wanderers before Wolves pulled out of the move due to Reading upping the price at the last moment. A few days later he scored the winning penalty in round 2 of the EFL Cup against Wycombe Wanderers.


title: Danny Loader

text: On 20 August 2020, FC Porto announced the signing of Loader for Porto B, on a two-year contract. He made 32 appearances for the reserve team in his first season, finishing with 8 goals, the highest tally on the team. Loader began the following season with Porto B and went on to score 15 goals. He was named in the senior squad for the first time for a league match against Boavista on 30 October. He came off the bench late in the match to replace centre-forward Evanilson, and he scored in added time, sealing a 4–1 win.


title: Danny Loader

text: Loader started the 2022–23 season by winning the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira after being handed a surprising first start for Porto in a game that they ran out 3-0 winners over Tondela.


title: Danny Loader

text: Loader is eligible to represent England and Cameroon. He has represented England at under-16, under-17, under-18, under-19 level and under-20. He was a member of the England U-17 team that finished runners-up to Spain in the 2017 UEFA European Under-17 Championship held in May in Croatia, making a total of five appearances in the tournament.


title: Danny Loader

text: In September 2017, Loader was called up to England U17 team for the 2017 FIFA U17 World Cup. Loader scored twice in a group stage game against Iraq and came off the bench in the quarter-final against the United States. He did not feature in the final as England defeated Spain to lift the trophy.


title: Danny Loader

text: On 28 May 2019, Loader was called up to the England U20 for the 2019 Toulon Tournament. He scored his first goal for the U20 age group on his ninth appearance; a 3–0 win over Iceland U21s at Wycombe on 19 November 2019.


title: Dyaus

text: Dyaus ( ), or Dyauspitar (Devanagari द्यौष्पितृ, ), is the Ṛigvedic sky deity. His consort is Prithvi, the earth goddess, and together they are the archetypal parents in the Rigveda.


title: Dyaus

text: stems from Proto-Indo-Iranian "*dyā́wš", from the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) daylight-sky god , and is cognate with the Greek "Zeus Patēr", Illyrian "Dei-pátrous", or Latin "Jupiter" (from an earlier *"Djous patēr"), stemming from the PIE "Dyḗus ph₂tḗr" ("Daylight-sky Father").""


title: Dyaus

text: The noun (when used without the 'father') refers to the daylight sky, and occurs frequently in the Rigveda, as an entity. The sky in Vedic writing was described as rising in three tiers, , , and or .


title: Dyaus

text: Dyáuṣ Pitṛ́ appears in hymns with Prithvi Mata 'Mother Earth' in the ancient Vedic scriptures of Hinduism.


title: Dyaus

text: In the Ṛg·veda, "Dyáuṣ Pitṛ́" appears in verses 1.89.4, 1.90.7, 1.164.33, 1.191.6, 4.1.10. and 4.17.4 He is also referred to under different theonyms: Dyavaprithvi, for example, is a dvandva compound combining 'heaven' and 'earth' as Dyauṣ and Prithvi.


title: Dyaus

text: Dyauṣ's most defining trait is his paternal role. His daughter, Uṣas, personifies dawn. The gods, especially Sūrya, are stated to be the children of Dyauṣ and Prithvi. Dyauṣ's other sons include Agni, Parjanya, the Ādityas, the Maruts, and the Angirases. The Ashvins are called ""divó nápāt"", meaning offspring/progeny/grandsons of Dyauṣ. Dyauṣ is often visualized as a roaring animal, often a bull, who fertilizes the earth. Dyauṣ is also known for the rape of his own daughter, which is vaguely but vividly mentioned in the Ṛg·veda.


title: Jay Glazer

text: Jason Charles "Jay" Glazer (born December 26, 1969) is a television personality and sports reporter. Since 2004, he has worked as an National Football League (NFL) insider for Fox Sports' NFL pregame studio show, "FOX NFL Sunday", on which he reports exclusives, late-breaking updates, injury news, and other reports. The whole cast and their show were inducted into the TV Hall of Fame in 2019.


title: Jay Glazer

text: He was also part of FOX's Thursday Night Football television coverage. Glazer has been on multiple TV shows, including guest starring on all five seasons on HBO's "Ballers" and "The League" on FX. Glazer trains NFL players in mixed martial arts during the off-season.


title: Jay Glazer

text: In January 2018, it was announced that Glazer had joined Paramount Network and Bellator MMA to be part of their broadcast team after serving as host for the UFC for the previous five years. He was the first host of an MMA show in America when he hosted the Pride Fighting Championships in 2005.


title: Jay Glazer

text: In 2014, Jay opened the Unbreakable Performance Center in West Hollywood with former Chicago Bears' all-pro linebacker, Brian Urlacher, and U.S. Women's Volleyball Captain, Lindsey Berg. The gym has become the home to many elite athletes, actors, musicians, and business people. Clientele have included Demi Lovato, Odell Beckham Jr., Chuck Liddell, Michael Strahan, Wiz Khalifa, Chris Pratt, and Sylvester Stallone.


title: Jay Glazer

text: Glazer and Nate Boyer in 2015 launched a non-profit 501(c)(3) charity named MVP (Merging Vets & Players), which works to match up former combat veterans and former professional athletes in order to help each other through the transition into their new lives away from the battlefields and playing fields.


title: Jay Glazer

text: Glazer also trains NFL players in mixed martial arts during the off-season with over 1,000 athletes having utilized his training program and been coached under his system.


title: Jay Glazer

text: Glazer was raised in Manalapan Township, New Jersey where he attended Manalapan High School. He went to college at Pace University, graduating with a degree in mass media. He then began his writing career as a columnist at the "New York Post".


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: Fernando de la Rúa (15 September 19379 July 2019) was an Argentine politician and a member of the Radical Civic Union (UCR) political party who served as President of Argentina from 10 December 1999 to 21 December 2001. De la Rúa was born in Córdoba; he entered politics after graduating with a degree in law. He was elected senator in 1973 and unsuccessfully ran for the office of Vice President as Ricardo Balbín's running mate the same year. He was re-elected senator in 1983 and 1993, and as deputy in 1991. He unsuccessfully opposed the pact of Olivos between President Carlos Menem and party leader Raúl Alfonsín, which enabled the 1994 amendment of the Argentine Constitution and the re-election of Menem in 1995.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: De la Rúa was the first chief of government of Buenos Aires to be elected by popular vote, a change introduced by the amendment of the Constitution. He expanded the Buenos Aires Underground, adding new stations to Line D, starting the expansion of Line B, and establishing Line H. He established Roberto Goyeneche Avenue and the city's first bicycle path.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: In 1999, De la Rúa was elected President after running on the Alliance ticket, a political coalition of the UCR and the Frepaso. He was opposed by the Peronist unions and his Vice President Carlos Álvarez resigned after denouncing bribes in the Senate. The economic crisis that began during Menem's administration worsened and by the end of 2001 led to a banking panic. The government established the "Corralito" to limit bank withdrawals. De la Rúa called a state of emergency during the December 2001 riots. Following his resignation on 20 December, the Argentine Congress appointed a new president. After leaving office, De la Rúa retired from politics and faced legal proceedings for much of the remainder of his life until his death in 2019.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: Fernando de la Rúa was the son of Eleonora Bruno and Antonio De la Rúa; he was born in the city of Córdoba and attended the local Military Lyceum before entering the National University of Córdoba, from which he graduated with a law degree at the age of 21. He married a Buenos Aires socialite, Inés Pertiné, in 1970; they had three children, including Antonio de la Rúa. De la Rúa became involved in politics at a young age; he entered public service in 1963 as an advisor to President Arturo Illia's minister Juan Palmero.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: He was elected senator in the March 1973 general elections, defeating the Peronist Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo. He was the only politician from the Radical Civic Union (UCR) who could defeat the Peronist candidate in his administrative division. The elected president Héctor José Cámpora and his vice president resigned a few months later, leading to the call to new elections. Ricardo Balbín ran for president in the September general elections, with De la Rúa as his running mate for the post of vice president. The UCR was defeated by Juan Perón in a landslide. De la Rúa was removed from the Congress during the 1976 Argentine coup d'état. He left politics and worked as a lawyer for the firm Bunge y Born.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The National Reorganization Process ended in 1983. De la Rúa intended to run for president but lost in the primary elections of the UCR to Raúl Alfonsín, who was elected in the general election. De la Rúa ran for the post of senator instead, defeating the Peronist Carlos Ruckauf. He ran for re-election as senator in 1989 but, despite his electoral victory, the electoral college voted for the Peronist Eduardo Vaca. De la Rúa was elected deputy in 1991 and returned to the senate in 1993. President Carlos Menem, elected in 1989, wanted to amend the constitution to allow him to run for re-election in 1995, which was opposed by the UCR. Alfonsín signed the Pact of Olivos with Menem, negotiating terms to support the proposal. De la Rúa led the opposition to the pact within the UCR, but Alfonsín prevailed in the internal dispute. This damaged the relationship between the two leaders, but helped the party to retain a number of radicals who were against the pact. De la Rúa could not prevent the 1994 amendment of the Argentine Constitution. As a result, Menem was re-elected in 1995. The UCR finished third in the elections for the first time, being surpassed by the Frepaso, a new party composed by former Peronists.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The constitutional amendment gave autonomy to the city of Buenos Aires, allowing it to sanction local laws and elect its own mayor, who was previously appointed by the president of the nation. De la Rúa was the first mayor elected in this manner, defeating the previous mayor Jorge Domínguez. During his term of office he created or reformulated several institutions to fit the new status of the city, as required by the national constitution and the recently approved Constitution of Buenos Aires.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: De la Rúa worked on the expansion of the Buenos Aires Underground. The first stations of the extended Line D, Olleros and José Hernández, were opened in 1997, Juramento was opened in 1999, and Congreso de Tucumán in 2000. He also started the works to extend the Line B. Carlos Menem started to transfer the control and financing of the underground system to the city, but the 2001 economic crisis halted the process.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The former mayor Domínguez intended to expand the Pan-American Highway into Saavedra, but the project met widespread opposition. De la Rúa reformulated the project and built an avenue instead of a highway, which was accepted. The avenue was named Roberto Goyeneche. He also restarted a project to build the Cámpora Highway linking Dellepiane Avenue with the Riachuelo, and established the first non-recreational bikeway in Buenos Aires at Avenida del Libertador.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The Pact of Olivos diminished the electoral strength of the UCR, leading to the rise of the Frepaso. Both parties united in a political coalition, the Alliance, which defeated the PJ in the 1997 midterm elections. It was the PJ's first national defeat since 1985. The parties held open primary elections for the 1999 presidential elections. De la Rúa stood for the UCR; the whole party, including Alfonsín, supported him. The Frepaso candidate was Graciela Fernández Meijide, who had defeated Peronism in the populous Buenos Aires province. De la Rúa won the primary elections by a wide margin. In the primaries, De la Rúa was voted for by more people than those who voted for the UCR in 1995. Despite his victory, Alfonsín was still the president of the UCR. They disagreed on the vice president for De la Rúa's ticket; he thought that it should be Meijide because she took part in the primary elections and came from a different district than him. Alfonsín preferred the popular Carlos Álvarez, leader of the Frepaso, saying he could attract more voters and had more political expertise. It was also a result of the internal politics of the Alliance: except for Meijide, the Frepaso did not have a political figure who could run with high prospects for winning the post of Governor of the Buenos Aires province. Had she run for vice president, Frepaso would have had to resign that candidacy to a radical candidate.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: Carlos Menem dismissed De la Rúa as a "boring" candidate. De la Rúa exploited that description in television advertisements, embracing it and setting a comparison with the glitzy style of Menem and the perceived political corruption of his administration. He also compared himself with the Peronist candidate Eduardo Duhalde. He promised to solve the economic crisis with fiscal austerity and higher tax controls, hoping it would lower interest rates, bring more foreign investments, and reduce unemployment. He also promised to keep the convertibility plan established by Menem that pegged the Argentine peso one-to-one with the United States dollar.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The 1999 presidential election was held on 24 October. De la Rúa defeated Duhalde by 48.4% to 38.3%, well ahead of the threshold to avoid a second round run-off election. Domingo Cavallo, Menem's former minister of economy, finished the race in third place. De la Rúa was inaugurated President of Argentina on 10 December 1999. He took office with a favorability rating of 75%. Unlike Menem, whose initial cabinet was composed of trusted friends, De la Rúa's cabinet included five people with international degrees and four economists.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: In the first days of his presidency, De la Rúa sent a bill to the Congress to request a federal intervention in the province of Corrientes. The province had a high level of debt, and organizations of "piqueteros" blocked roads to make demonstrations. There were two interim governors disputing power. The bill was immediately approved. The intervenor selected for the task was Ramón Mestre.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The Peronist unions opposed De la Rúa and held seven general strikes against him. He sent a bill known as the labour flexibility law to deregulate labor conditions, attempting to reduce the political influence of unions, to the Congress. This project was opposed by the PJ and was changed from the original draft. It was finally approved but Álvarez said several legislators were bribed to support the bill. Álvarez asked for the removal of the labor minister Alberto Flamarique, but De la Rúa instead promoted him to be his personal secretary. Álvarez resigned the following day and the political scandal divided the coalition. Several deputies who initially supported De la Rúa switched to the opposition. Alfonsín tried to prevent a breakup of the UCR. Some months later, it was proposed that Álvarez return to the De la Rúa government as the Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers. Álvarez initially supported the idea but De la Rúa opposed it. Cavallo was also proposed for the office before he was appointed Minister of Economy. De la Rúa intended to include the Frepaso in the new cabinet but to exclude Álvarez himself because he still resented the latter's resignation. The negotiations failed and the new cabinet included no Frepaso politicians, but the Alliance was still working as a coalition in the Congress. It also included several radical politicians from Alfonsín's internal faction. The new Chief of Cabinet was Chrystian Colombo, who mediated between Alfonsín and the president.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The PJ won the 2001 midterm election by 40% to 24%, giving it a majority in both chambers of the Congress. However, the abstention rate and several forms of protest votes combined reached 41%, the highest in Argentine history, as a consequence of the popular discontent with the two main parties. Even the few candidates of the Alliance who won at their districts, such as the radical Rodolfo Terragno in Buenos Aires, did so with political platforms against De la Rúa's administration.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The first year of De la Rúa's presidency coincided with the last year of Bill Clinton's presidency of the United States. Ricardo López Murphy, Minister of Defense at the time, met William Cohen, U.S. Secretary of Defense, in a summit of ministers that took place in Brazil in 2000. Both countries agreed to share classified information and to hold joint operations against terrorism.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: George W. Bush took office as President of the United States in January 2001, and changed American policy towards countries in financial crises. His Treasury Secretary, Paul H. O'Neill, a critic of financial aid, said, "We're working to find a way to create a sustainable Argentina, not just one that continues to consume the money of the plumbers and carpenters in the United States who make $50,000 a year and wonder what in the world we're doing with their money". The September 11 attacks occurred a few months later, and the U.S. focused its foreign policy on the War on Terror against countries suspected of harboring terrorist organizations. As a result, the U.S. gave no further financial aid to Argentina. This policy was confirmed after an interview of Bush with the Brazilian president, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, who confirmed Brazil would not be affected by the Argentine crisis.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: Although Argentina maintained neutrality as for the conflict itself in Afghanistan to topple the Taliban rule, defense minister Horacio Jaunarena ordered the Argentine Air Force to prepare to deploy to Afghanistan under UN humanitarian mission "after the war was over" with military personnel returning from Kosovo. The mission never materialized as the war extended in time beyond de la Rúa's term.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: De la Rúa's first Minister of Economy was the progressive José Luis Machinea, who was proposed by Alfonsín and Álvarez. Menem had left a deficit of 5 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) points that Machinea tried to compensate with higher taxes to people with the highest incomes, and a reduction of the highest retirement pensions. The deficit was reduced but the crisis continued. The scandal over the labor law and the resignation of Álvarez increased the country's risk, and made Argentina's access to international credit more difficult. The government negotiated a US$38 billion International Monetary Fund (IMF) line of credit to prevent a default and allow the economy to grow again. Machinea also proposed appointing former minister Cavallo as the new President of the Central Bank of Argentina. However, Machinea was unable to achieve the levels of austerity negotiated with the IMF and resigned a few days later. The Minister of Defense Ricardo López Murphy became the new Minister of Economy. During the election camapain, De la Rúa had promised not to appoint him to that ministry, but with the ongoing crisis he did not want to risk problems caused by a temporary lack of minister. López Murphy announced a stricter austerity plan, with reduction to the health and education budgets. His plan was rejected by street demonstrations and the Frepaso, so De la Rúa declined it. Murphy resigned after being minister for 16 days.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: De la Rúa appointed Cavallo, who had served under Menem and had established the convertibility plan. He was supported by the PJ, Carlos Álvarez, and the financial groups, but he was rejected by the rest of the UCR. The government announced it would retain the convertibility plan and that there would be no devaluation or sovereign default. Cavallo proposed several bills; De la Rúa sent them to the Congress and they were approved. The "superpowers law" authorized the chief of government to modify the national budget without the intervention of the Congress. There was a new tax on bank operations and more products attracted value-added tax. The wages of national customs workers were increased and some industries benefited from tax exemptions. The Megacanje was a negotiation to delay the payment of foreign debt in exchange for higher interest rates. However, internal debt was still a problem because the provinces, especially Buenos Aires, were nearing default. This led to conflicts between Cavallo and the provincial governors. Congress approved a bill for a "Zero deficit" policy to prevent further increases of debt and to work only with money from tax revenue. There was a banking panic in November; the government reacted by introducing the ""corralito"", which prevented people from withdrawing cash from banks. It was initially a temporary measure. The IMF refused to send the monthly payment for the line of credit approved at the beginning of the year because the government had not stuck to the "zero deficit" policy.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: The crisis worsened and by 19 December 2001, riots and looting broke out at several points in the country. De la Rúa announced in a "cadena nacional" (national network broadcast) that he had established a state of emergency. The riots continued; his speech was followed by increased protests, the "cacerolazos", which caused 27 deaths and thousands of injuries. Cavallo resigned at midnight the same day, and the rest of the cabinet followed suit.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: There was increased looting on 20 December, both in Buenos Aires and the Conurbano. The "cacerolazos" continued; large groups of people started demonstrations calling for the government's resignation. The unions—first the CTA and then the CGT—began general strikes against the state of emergency. Most of the UCR withdrew their support for De la Rúa, so he asked the PJ to create a government coalition. The PJ refused, and De la Rúa resigned from government. His last administrative action was to lift the state of emergency. He gave his resignation to Congress at 19:45 local time on 20 December 2001, and left the Casa Rosada in a helicopter. He had presided for two years, half of his allotted term of office.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: Because Vice President Carlos Álvarez had already resigned, the Congress convened to appoint a new president. Adolfo Rodríguez Saá, governor of San Luis Province, was in office for two months while calling for new presidential elections. Renewed demonstrations forced him to resign as well, and Eduardo Duhalde was appointed as the new president. He was able to complete De la Rúa's term of office.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: De la Rúa retired from political life after his resignation. The scandal over the labor flexibility law was renewed in 2003 when a former Senate worker, Mario Pontaquarto, claimed to be a witness of the case who delivered $5,000,000 to the legislators. De la Rúa was indicted alongside seven politicians from both the UCR and the PJ. In 2013, they were all cleared of charges by a unanimous resolution, and Pontaquarto was removed from the witness protection program.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: De la Rúa was also indicted for the police repression which took place during the crisis; he was tried by judge Claudio Bonadio, who in 2009 declared him innocent. The Supreme Court overturned Bonadio's ruling and ordered him to further investigate the matter. De la Rúa and Cavallo were indicted for illegally benefiting the banks that took part in the Megacanje. They were declared innocent on 6 October 2014.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: He died of heart failure on 9 July 2019 at age 81. He received a state funeral in Congress before a private burial the following day.


title: Fernando de la Rúa

text: De la Rúa started to work in politics from a very young age. He was nicknamed "Chupete" () because of this; the nickname was still employed when he grew up. During Carlos Menem's administration he was perceived as a serious and formal politician, in stark contrast with Menem's style. De la Rúa took advantage of this perception during the electoral campaign of 1999. When he became president and the economic crisis worsened, he was perceived as a weak and tired man who was unable to react to the crisis. He was perceived as a man without leadership skills who could not make use of his presidential authority. De la Rúa thought that the parody of him by the television comedian Freddy Villarreal helped to establish that image. He sought to change his image by appearing on the television comedy show "El show de Videomatch", but his appearance on the program backfired. He confused the names of the show and that of the host Marcelo Tinelli's wife. After De la Rúa's participation ended, Tinelli began to close the program; De la Rúa could be seen seeking an exit from the set in the background. The aforementioned popular image of De la Rúa was further magnified when he was hospitalized for peripheral artery disease caused by high blood cholesterol. Although it is a standard, simple medical intervention, the medic told the press De la Rúa suffered from arteriosclerosis, which is usually linked with a lack of speed and reflexes.


title: Institutes of Eminence

text: Institutes of Eminence (IoE) is a recognition scheme for higher education institutes in India, set by the University Grants Commission in 2017. The plan encompasses twenty institutions, 12 of which have already been declared Institutes of Eminence . Recognised institutes are granted more autonomy, both administratively (e.g. setting fees) and academically, are allowed to open offshore campuses, and will enjoy better collaboration opportunities with global universities. Public institutions are granted up to ; no funding is awarded to private institutions.


title: Institutes of Eminence

text: The regulatory infrastructure for the Institutes of Eminence (IoE) plan was provided by the University Grants Commission (UGC) through the "UGC (Declaration of Government Institutions as Institutions of Eminence) Guidelines, 2017" for public institutions and "UGC (Institutions of Eminence Deemed to be Universities) Regulations, 2017" for private deemed to be university institutions. According to these, both categories of institutions are granted more autonomy, both administratively (e.g. setting fees) and academically, and both will enjoy better collaboration opportunities with global universities. Public institutions are also granted up to but no funding is awarded to private institutions.


title: Institutes of Eminence

text: The IoE scheme was first announced in the presentation of the 2016 Union budget of India on 29 February 2016 by the Finance Minister of India, Arun Jaitley. The purpose of the plan was stated as "... to empower Higher Educational Institutions to help them become world class teaching and research institutions". The plan will include twenty institutes, ten private and ten public. The UGC set the guidelines and regulations for IoE in 2017 and set up an Empowered Expert Committee (EEC) which was tasked with the selection of the institutes and later with monitoring them.


title: Institutes of Eminence

text: The EEC considered 114 applications, 74 from public institutes and 40 from private ones, including institutes which are yet to be established, and in May 2018 shortlisted eight public institutes and three private ones. However, on the principle of giving equal weight to both categories of institutions, only six institutes were recommended by the UGC in July 2018, three from each category, a move which has drawn some criticism. More criticism was drawn to the fact that one of the private institutes recommended, Jio Institute, which was sponsored by Reliance Foundation, does not yet exist. The recommendation of the UGC was accepted by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), granting the IoE status to the three public universities and issuing a letter of intent to the three private ones.


title: Institutes of Eminence

text: In December 2018, the EEC recommended 19 more institutes, completing a list of 15 institutes from each category, allowing for five institutes in each category in a reserve list. These institutes were ranked by the UGC based on QS World University Rankings, in which National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) was used as a tie-breaker for private universities. The resulting 14 institutes, seven in each category, were recommended by the UGC for IoE status in August 2019. This included two public institutes, Anna University and Jadavpur University, which will be considered for IoE status only if the respective state universities will comment to finance half of the investment. For private institutes, since not enough institutes were ranked, one vacant position was granted in the "greenfield" category, which gives the institute three years to operationalise the institution, after which the EEC will consider giving them the IoE status. This move again drew some controversy. In September 2019, the MHRD awarded IoE status to an additional five public institutes, four existing private institutes, and another private institute in the greenfield category. The five private universities were issued a letter of intent to grant them the IoE status, while two more private universities, Shiv Nadar University and O. P. Jindal Global University, required state legislation to end the existing private university status, in order to be declared IoE Deemed Universities.


title: Institutes of Eminence

text: By October 2020, the first two private universities to be issued the letter of intent, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani and Manipal Academy of Higher Education, were conferred the IoE status. In the same month, having met the legislation requirements, O. P. Jindal Global University was conferred the IoE status. Shiv Nadar University followed in March 2021.


title: Institutes of Eminence

text: In January 2021 the Government of India issued further guidelines, allowing IoEs to open offshore campuses.


title: Cruiserweight Classic

text: The Cruiserweight Classic, formerly the Global Cruiserweight Series, was a professional wrestling tournament and WWE Network event produced by WWE. All participants were billed at a weight of 205 lbs or less to determine the inaugural WWE Cruiserweight Champion for WWE's revived cruiserweight division. The tournament consisted of various matches that had predetermined results. Tournament qualifying matches took place in various promotions of the independent circuit, including well known promotions such as Revolution Pro Wrestling, Progress Wrestling, and Evolve. Many cruiserweight wrestlers from around the world were given the chance to qualify for the 32-man tournament, which took place over four dates: June 23, July 13, August 26, and September 14, 2016. The winner was T. J. Perkins.


title: Cruiserweight Classic

text: In 2016, WWE announced that they would be holding a 32-man professional wrestling tournament and WWE Network event wherein all participants were billed at a weight of 205 lbs or less, referred to as cruiserweights. The event was originally titled the Global Cruiserweight Series before being renamed as the Cruiserweight Classic. Tournament qualifying matches took place in various promotions of the independent circuit, including well known promotions such as Revolution Pro Wrestling, Progress Wrestling, and Evolve. Many cruiserweight wrestlers from around the world were given the chance to qualify for the 32-man single-elimination tournament, which took place over four dates: June 23, July 13, August 26, and September 14. During the finale, it was announced that the winner of the tournament would become the inaugural WWE Cruiserweight Champion for WWE's revived cruiserweight division, which would compete on the Raw brand. The tournament consisted of various matches that had predetermined results.


title: Cruiserweight Classic

text: NXT competitors Rich Swann, Tommaso Ciampa, and Johnny Gargano along with international standouts Zack Sabre Jr., Noam Dar, Ho Ho Lun, and Akira Tozawa were announced for the Cruiserweight Classic. At an independent show in Orlando, Florida on April 2, Lince Dorado joined the series. On April 24 at Progress Wrestling Chapter 29, Sabre Jr., Jack Gallagher also won a qualifying match, while on May 7 at Evolve 61, T. J. Perkins and Drew Gulak also joined the series. On June 11 at Evolve 63, Tony Nese defeated Johnny Gargano, Drew Gulak, T. J. Perkins and Lince Dorado and qualified for the tournament. Two days later, WWE officially revealed all 32 wrestlers taking part in the tournament. Originally, Brazilian wrestler Zumbi was scheduled to compete in the Cruiserweight Classic. However, he had issues with his visa that WWE could not clear in time, and was replaced by Mustafa Ali.


title: Cruiserweight Classic

text: In the event an official participant had suffered an injury or did not make the 205 lbs weight limit, they would have been replaced by one of the following participants:


title: Cruiserweight Classic

text: These participants were taken out of the tournament for a specific reason and therefore were replaced by another competitor.


title: Cruiserweight Classic

text: Before the final match between T. J. Perkins and Gran Metalik started, Triple H revealed that the winner of the tournament would be crowned the first WWE Cruiserweight Champion. Also, T. J. Perkins, Gran Metalik, Akira Tozawa, Jack Gallagher, Brian Kendrick, Cedric Alexander, Noam Dar, Lince Dorado, Tony Nese, Mustafa Ali, Drew Gulak, Tajiri, Ariya Daivari, Rich Swann and The Bollywood Boyz signed contracts with WWE. On July 15, "Pro Wrestling Torch" reported that Kota Ibushi had signed an NXT contract with WWE. In an interview published July 25, Ibushi admitted he had been offered a contract, but denied having signed it. After the tournament, "Pro Wrestling Torch" went back on their earlier report and stated that Ibushi had not agreed to a WWE contract beyond the tournament, which was a factor in him losing the semifinal match.


title: Institute of Cost Accountants of India

text: The Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of India (ICMAI), which was also known as The Institute of Cost & Works Accountants of India (ICWAI) is a professional accountancy body in India. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Corporate Affairs of the Government of India. It has been given a prime responsibility by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs to contribute to the cost and management accounting profession at the global level.