title: The China Probrem

text: In the episode, Cartman, after watching the intimidating opening ceremonies of the recent Olympic games, understands that the Chinese are just days away from invading his homeland. While the rest of the American people are haunted by the memory of a recent tragic event, only Butters will stand with Cartman as he tries to confront the Chinese. Meanwhile, Kyle seeks to bring George Lucas and Steven Spielberg to justice for "raping" Indiana Jones in "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". The flashbacks mimic rape scenes from "Boys Don't Cry", "The Accused", and "Deliverance".


title: The China Probrem

text: After watching the Beijing 2008 Olympics on television, Cartman has been plagued by nightmares about the Chinese, believing that they will invade America. He tries to warn his friends but Kyle says he "can't do this any more" and leaves. Stan later confronts Kyle, the latter stating that he cannot pretend things are normal again after "the rape of a friend". He confesses his feelings of deep guilt and regret over the fact he, Stan and their friends "just stood there and did nothing". Elsewhere, Cartman convinces Butters that China is going to take over America and kill Butters' parents. Butters decides to join Cartman's group, the American Liberation Front. Stan, Kyle, Kenny, Clyde and Jimmy start to remember and have flashbacks of the rape which is revealed to be their viewing of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". They are appalled and devastated to see George Lucas (voiced by Matt Stone) and Steven Spielberg (voiced by Trey Parker) rape Indiana Jones.


title: The China Probrem

text: Meanwhile, Cartman and Butters dress up as stereotypical Chinese children and go to P. F. Chang's China Bistro to try to trick the Chinese people into telling them when the "invasion" is set to occur. The two boys' antics begin to annoy everyone, but when they are asked to leave, they instead take the entire restaurant hostage. Cartman gives Butters a gun and tells him to fire at a man who is trying to escape. Butters promptly shoots the man in the penis, which upsets Cartman greatly. At the same time, Kyle and his friends visit the Park County District Attorney and ask him to arrest Spielberg and Lucas for raping Indiana Jones and he tearfully agrees to help them. Afterwards, they go to the Park County Police Station to have Spielberg and Lucas arrested.


title: The China Probrem

text: Back at the restaurant, the police arrive to respond to the hostage situation. When the police try to enter the restaurant, Butters fires a warning shot and also hits the Chinese policeman in the penis, angering Cartman all the more. Meanwhile, the police find and take away Spielberg and Lucas (while raping a Stormtrooper), despite their protests over a lack of evidence and the huge totals they have brought in at the box office. At the restaurant, Cartman gives up on his mission of saving America after Butters shoots another man in the penis and surrenders to the police. As he is walking outside, a police officer arrives to inform the others that Lucas and Spielberg are finally in custody. The officers and hostages all rejoice that "it's all over", and while everyone is hugging and crying, Cartman and Butters sneak away. Reflecting on the day's events, Cartman decides he'd rather be Chinese than "a nation of unethical dick shooters". Butters is unable to see what all the fuss is about, as he thought "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" was "pretty good".


title: The China Probrem

text: In the DVD commentary for the episode, Parker admits that he received a shot of steroids in order to complete the voice work for the episode. Stone compares the rape scenes to the Britney episode for being darker than it is funny. For the creators the scariest part of the new Indiana Jones is the fear that the quality of South Park will eventually decline.


title: The China Probrem

text: The episode premiere drew 3.7 million total viewers, 2.5 million in the 18–49 demographic. This was up 21% from the previous fall's debut and topped all of cable during its time period. It stands as the show's most-watched fall premiere since 1999. IGN's Travis Fickett gave the episode a 9 out of 10, praising both storylines and writing that "[t]he show is as funny and as smart as ever — and it's back at just the right time." 411mania's review, written by DC Perry, criticized the episode for using material that felt dated, but described it as "pretty solid" and gave it a rating of 7.3 out of 10.


title: The China Probrem

text: The episode's rape scenes caused some controversies. "The Daily Telegraph" Catherine Elsworth wrote that Parker and Stone seemed "to have taken the taboo-busting to a place even hardened "South Park" watchers have found hard to go". Nikki Finke reported that her knowledge was that Paramount, which distributed the Lucasfilm-owned "Indiana Jones" franchise (while Paramount itself is owned by Comedy Central parent Viacom), had no intention to protest against the episode, but, in the words of an insider, "[wanted] it to go away".


title: The China Probrem

text: "The China Probrem", along with the thirteen other episodes from "South Park" twelfth season, were released on a three-disc DVD set and two-disc Blu-ray set in the United States on March 10, 2009. The sets included brief audio commentaries by Parker and Stone for each episode, a collection of deleted scenes, and two special mini-features, "The Making of 'Major Boobage" and "Six Days to South Park".


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mind-wandering is a broad term with no currently universal definition. According to McMillan, Kaufmann and Singer (2013) mind-wandering consists of 3 different subtypes: positive constructive daydreaming, guilty fear of failure, and poor attentional control. Whereas Smallwood and Schooler (2015) suggest that mind-wandering consists of thoughts that are task-unrelated and stimulus-independent. In general, a folk explanation of mind-wandering could be described as the experience of thoughts not remaining on a single topic for a long period of time, particularly when people are engaged in an attention-demanding task.


title: Mind-wandering

text: One context in which mind-wandering often occurs is driving. This is because driving under optimal conditions becomes an almost automatic activity that can require minimal use of the task positive network, the brain network that is active when one is engaged in an attention-demanding activity. In situations where vigilance is low, people do not remember what happened in the surrounding environment because they are preoccupied with their thoughts. This is known as the decoupling hypothesis. Studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) have quantified the extent that mind-wandering reduces the cortical processing of the external environment. When thoughts are unrelated to the task at hand, the brain processes both task-relevant and unrelated sensory information in a less detailed manner.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mind-wandering appears to be a stable trait of people and a transient state. Studies have linked performance problems in the laboratory and in daily life. Mind-wandering has been associated with possible car accidents. Mind-wandering is also intimately linked to states of affect. Studies indicate that task-unrelated thoughts are common in people with low or depressed mood. Mind-wandering also occurs when a person is intoxicated via the consumption of alcohol.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Studies have demonstrated a prospective bias to spontaneous thought because individuals tend to engage in more future than past related thoughts during mind-wandering. The default mode network is thought to be involved in mind-wandering and internally directed thought, although recent work has challenged this assumption.


title: Mind-wandering

text: The history of mind-wandering research dates back to 18th century England. British philosophers struggled to determine whether mind-wandering occurred in the mind or if an outside source caused it. In 1921, Varendonck published "The Psychology of Day-Dreams", in which he traced his "'trains of thoughts' to identify their origins, most often irrelevant external influences". Wallas (1926) considered mind-wandering as an important aspect of his second stage of creative thought – incubation. It wasn't until the 1960s that the first documented studies were conducted on mind-wandering. John Antrobus and Jerome L. Singer developed a questionnaire and discussed the experience of mind-wandering. This questionnaire, known as the Imaginal Processes Inventory (IPI), provides a trait measure of mind-wandering and it assesses the experience on three dimensions: how vivid the person's thoughts are, how many of those thoughts are guilt- or fear-based, and how deep into the thought a person goes. As technology continues to develop, psychologists are starting to use functional magnetic resonance imaging to observe mind-wandering in the brain and reduce psychologists' reliance on verbal reports.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Jonathan Smallwood and colleagues popularized the study of mind-wandering using thought sampling and questionnaires. Mind-wandering is studied using experience sampling either online or retrospectively. One common paradigm within which to study mind-wandering is the SART (sustained attention to response task). In a SART task there are two categories of words. One of the categories are the target words. In each block of the task a word appears for about 300 ms, there will be a pause and then another word. When a target word appears the participant hits a designated key. About 60% of the time after a target word a thought probe will appear to gauge whether thoughts were on task. If participants were not engaged in the task they were experiencing task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs), signifying mind-wandering. Another task to judge TUTs is the experience sampling method (ESM). Participants carry around a personal digital assistant (PDA) that signals several times a day. At the signal a questionnaire is provided. The questionnaire questions vary but can include: (a) whether or not their minds had wandered at the time of the (b) what state of control they had over their thoughts and (c) about the content of their thoughts. Questions about context are also asked to measure the level of attention necessary for the task. One process used was to give participants something to focus on and then at different times ask them what they were thinking about. Those who were not thinking about what was given to them were considered "wandering". Another process was to have participants keep a diary of their mind-wandering. Participants are asked to write a brief description of their mind-wandering and the time in which it happened. These methodologies are improvements on past methods that were inconclusive.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mind-wandering is important in understanding how the brain produces what William James called the train of thought and the stream of consciousness. This aspect of mind-wandering research is focused on understanding how the brain generates the spontaneous and relatively unconstrained thoughts that are experienced when the mind wanders. One candidate neural mechanism for generating this aspect of experience is a network of regions in the medial frontal and medial parietal cortex known as the default network. This network of regions is highly active even when participants are resting with their eyes closed suggesting a role in generating spontaneous internal thoughts. One relatively controversial result is that periods of mind-wandering are associated with increased activation in both the default and executive system a result that implies that mind-wandering may often be goal oriented.


title: Mind-wandering

text: It is commonly assumed that the default mode network is known to be involved during mind-wandering. The default mode network is active when a person is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at wakeful rest because experiences such as mind-wandering and daydreaming are common in this state. It is also active when the individual is thinking about others, thinking about themselves, remembering the past, and planning for the future. However, recent studies show that signals in the default mode network provide information regarding patterns of detailed experience in active tasks states. These data suggest that the relationship between the default mode network and mind-wandering remains a matter of conjecture.


title: Mind-wandering

text: In addition to neural models, computational models of consciousness based on Bernard Baars' Global Workspace theory suggest that mind-wandering, or "spontaneous thought" may involve competition between internally and externally generated activities attempting to gain access to a limited capacity central network.


title: Mind-wandering

text: There are individual differences in some aspects of mind-wandering between older and younger adults. Although older adults reported less mind-wandering, these older participants showed the same amount of mind-wandering as younger adults. There were also differences in how participants responded to an error. After an error, older adults took longer to return focus back to the task when compared with younger adults. It is possible that older adults reflect more about an error due to conscientiousness. Research has shown that older adults tend to be more conscientious than young adults. Personality can also affect mind-wandering. People that are more conscientious are less prone to mind-wandering. Being more conscientious allows people to stay focused on the task better which causes fewer instances of mind-wandering. Differences in mind-wandering between young and older adults may be limited because of this personality difference.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mental disorders such as ADHD are linked to mind-wandering. Seli et al. (2015) found that spontaneous mind-wandering, the uncontrolled or unwarranted shifting of attention, is a characteristic of those who have ADHD. However, they note that deliberate mind-wandering, or the purposeful shifting of one's attention to different stimuli, is not a consistent characteristic of having ADHD.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Franklin et al. (2016) arrived at similar conclusions; they had college students take multiple psychological evaluations that gauge ADHD symptom strength. Then, they had the students read a portion of a general science textbook. At various times and at random intervals throughout their reading, participants were prompted to answer a question that asked if their attention was either on task, slightly on task, slightly off task, or off task prior to the interruption. In addition, they were asked if they were aware, unaware, or neither aware nor unaware of their thoughts as they read. Lastly, they were tasked to press the space bar if they ever caught themselves mind-wandering. For a week after these assessments, the students answered follow-up questions that also gauged mind-wandering and awareness. This study's results revealed that students with higher ADHD symptomology showed less task-oriented control than those with lower ADHD symptomology. Additionally, those with lower ADHD symptomology were more likely to engage in useful or deliberate mind-wandering and were more aware of their inattention. One of the strengths of this study is that it was performed in both lab and daily-life situations, giving it broad application.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mind-wandering in and of itself is not necessarily indicative of attention deficiencies. Studies show that humans typically spend 25-50% of their time thinking about thoughts irrelevant to their current situations.


title: Mind-wandering

text: In many disorders it is the regulation of the overall amount of mind-wandering that is disturbed, leading to increased distractibility when performing tasks. Additionally, the contents of mind-wandering is changed; thoughts can be more negative and past-oriented, particularly unstable or self-centered.


title: Mind-wandering

text: research has studied the relationship between mind-wandering and working memory capacity. Working memory capacity represents personal skill to have a good command of individual's mind. This relationship requires more research to understand how they influence one another. It is possible that mind-wandering causes lower performance on working memory capacity tasks or that lower working memory capacity causes more instances of mind-wandering. Only the second of these has actually been proven. Reports of task-unrelated thoughts are less frequent when performing tasks that do not demand continuous use of working memory than tasks which do. Moreover, individual difference studies demonstrate that when tasks are non-demanding, high levels of working memory capacity are associated with more frequent reports of task-unrelated thinking especially when it is focused on the future. By contrast, when performing tasks that demand continuous attention, high levels of working memory capacity are associated with fewer reports of task-unrelated thoughts. Together these data are consistent with the claim that working memory capacity helps sustain a train of thought whether it is generated in response to a perceptual event or is self-generated by the individual. Therefore, under certain circumstances, the experience of mind-wandering is supported by working memory resources. Working memory capacity variation in individuals has been proven to be a good predictor of the natural tendency for mind-wandering to occur during cognitively demanding tasks and various activities in daily life.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mind-wandering sometimes occurs as a result of saccades, which are the movements of one's eyes to different visual stimuli. In an antisaccade task, for example, subjects with higher working memory capacity scores resisted looking at the flashing visual cue better than participants with lower working memory capacity. Higher working memory capacity is associated with fewer saccades toward environmental cues.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mind-wandering has been shown to be related to goal orientation; people with higher working memory capacity keep their goals more accessible than those who have lower working memory capacity, thus allowing these goals to better guide their behavior and keep them on task.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Another study compared differences in speed of processing information between people of different ages. The task they used was a go/no go task where participants responded if a white arrow moved in a specific direction but did not respond if the arrow moved in the other direction or was a different color. In this task, children and young adults showed similar speed of processing but older adults were significantly slower. Speed of processing information affects how much information can be processed in working memory. People with faster speed of processing can encode information into memory better than people that have slower speed of processing. This can lead to memory of more items because more things can be encoded.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Mind-wandering affects retention where working memory capacity is directly related to reading comprehension levels. Participants with lower working memory capacity perform worse on comprehension-based tests.


title: Mind-wandering

text: When investigating how mind-wandering affects retention of information, experiments are conducted where participants are asked a variety of questions about factual information, or deducible information while reading a detective novel. Participants are also asked about the state of their mind before the questions are asked. Throughout the reading itself, the author provides important cues to identify the villain, known as inference critical episodes (ICEs). The questions are asked randomly and before critical episodes are reached. It was found that episodes of mind-wandering, especially early on in the text led to decreased identification of the villain and worse results on both factual and deducible questions. Therefore, when mind-wandering occurs during reading, the text is not processed well enough to remember key information about the story. Furthermore, both the timing and the frequency of mind-wandering helps determine how much information is retained from the narrative.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Reading comprehension must also be investigated in terms of text difficulty. To assess this, researchers provide an easy and hard version of a reading task. During this task, participants are interrupted and asked whether their thoughts at the time of interruption had been related or unrelated to the task. What is found is that mind-wandering has a negative effect on text comprehension in more difficult readings. This supports the executive-resource hypothesis which describes that both task related and task-unrelated thoughts (TUT) compete for executive function resources. Therefore, when the primary task is difficult, little resources are available for mind-wandering, whereas when the task is simple, the possibility for mind-wandering is abundant because it takes little executive control to focus on simple tasks. However, mind-wandering tends to occur more frequently in harder readings as opposed to easier readings. Therefore, it is possible that similar to retention, mind-wandering increases when readers have difficulty constructing a model of the story.


title: Mind-wandering

text: As part of his doctoral research at Harvard University, Matthew Killingsworth used an iPhone app that captured a user's feelings in real time. The tool alerts the user at random times and asks: "How are you feeling right now?" and "What are you doing right now?" Killingsworth and Gilbert's analysis suggested that mind-wandering was much more typical in daily activities than in laboratory settings. They also describe that people were less happy when their minds were wandering than when they were otherwise occupied. This effect was somewhat counteracted by people's tendency to mind-wander to happy topics, but unhappy mind-wandering was more likely to be rated as more unpleasant than other activities. The authors note that unhappy moods can also cause mind-wandering, but the time-lags between mind-wandering and mood suggests that mind-wandering itself can also lead to negative moods. Furthermore, research suggests that regardless of working memory capacity, subjects participating in mind-wandering experiments report more mind-wandering when bored, stressed, or unhappy.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Executive functions (EFs) are cognitive processes that make a person pay attention or concentrate on a task. Three executive functions that relate to memory are inhibiting, updating and shifting. Inhibiting controls a person's attention and thoughts when distractions are abundant. Updating reviews old information and replaces it with new information in the working memory. Shifting controls the ability to go between multiple tasks. All three EFs have a relationship to mind-wandering.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Executive functions have roles in attention problems, attention control, thought control, and working memory capacity. Attention problems relate to behavioral problems such as inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. These behaviors make staying on task difficult leading to more mind-wandering. Higher inhibiting and updating abilities correlates to lower levels of attention problems in adolescence. The inhibiting executive function controls attention and thought. The failure of cognitive inhibition is a direct cause of mind-wandering. Mind-wandering is also connected to working memory capacity (WMC). People with higher WMC mind-wander less on high concentration tasks no matter their boredom levels. People with low WMC are better at staying on task for low concentration tasks, but once the task increases in difficulty they had a hard time keeping their thoughts focused on task. Updating takes place in the working memory, therefore those with low WMC have a lower updating executive function ability. That means a low performing updating executive function can be an indicator of high mind-wandering. Working memory relies on executive functions, with mind-wandering as an indicator of their failure. Task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) are empirical behavioral manifestations of mind-wandering in a person. The longer a task is performed the more TUTs reported. Mind-wandering is an indication of an executive control failure that is characterized by TUTs.


title: Mind-wandering

text: Paul Seli and colleagues have shown that spontaneous mind-wandering is associated with increased fidgeting; by contrast, interest, attention and visual engagement lead to Non-Instrumental Movement Inhibition. One possible application for this phenomenon is that detection of non-instrumental movements may be an indicator of attention or boredom in computer aided learning. Traditionally teachers and students have viewed fidgeting as a sign of diminished attention, which is summarized by the statement, “Concentration of consciousness, and concentration of movements, diffusion of ideas and diffusion of movements go together.” However, James Farley and colleagues have proposed that fidgeting is not only an indicator of spontaneous mind-wandering, but is also a subconscious attempt to increase arousal in order to improve attention and thus reduce mind-wandering.


title: Zee Music Company

text: Zee Music Co. (ZMC) is an Indian music company, a subsidiary of Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd. It carries its business activities mainly from New Delhi. The company has captured a major chunk of market share in Bollywood music in a short span of time.


title: Zee Music Company

text: Zee Entertainment had originally ventured into music distribution with Zee Records. Its first movie was . Later Zee Records Home Video was established. During the launch of the company in 2014, Punit Goenka, CEO and Managing Director of Zee Entertainment Enterprises, the parent company of Zee Music Company said- " the music industry is a large playing field and there is scope to explore the opportunity in this market. Technology has also emerged as a key transformer of the music industry and digital revenues are driving growth in the market. Since we are a content company, it is essential to own intellectual property as content is the king."


title: Zee Music Company

text: Since then, it has entered stiff competition against T-Series. The journey began with Hawaa Hawaai and since then, it has extended itself to various reprise and acoustic cover versions of its own songs. Some of its most successful music rights deals include those with Fox Star Studios, UTV Software Communications, Balaji Motion Pictures, Excel Entertainment, Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Bhansali Productions.


title: Zee Music Company

text: In 2018, Zee Music Company and another music label Sony Music India decided to have negotiations of merging companies still by the name of Zee Music Company. They would take the rights of half of the Dharma Productions and other studios' movie music rights.


title: Zee Music Company

text: Sonu Nigam alleged that he was banned by the Zee Network after he tweeted in support of politician Dr. Kumar Vishwas.


title: 2021 Pro Bowl

text: The 2021 Pro Bowl was to be the National Football League all-star game for the 2020 NFL season, originally scheduled to be played on January 31, 2021, at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada.


title: 2021 Pro Bowl

text: On October 14, 2020, the NFL announced that it had canceled the game due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and had deferred Las Vegas's hosting of the game to 2022. The league still conducted a fan vote to determine the Pro Bowl rosters, and instead organized alternative festivities such as Verzuz "highlight battles" featuring NFL players; and an eSports exhibition featuring a game of "Madden NFL 21" played with the Pro Bowl rosters (controlled by teams of NFL players, alumni, and celebrity guests).


title: 2021 Pro Bowl

text: The original site for the game was announced on June 16, 2020. The Las Vegas Raiders' home Allegiant Stadium's bid won out over Camping World Stadium in Orlando, Florida, and SoFi Stadium in the Los Angeles metro area.


title: 2021 Pro Bowl

text: On October 14, 2020, the league decided to cancel the game amid the COVID-19 pandemic, and Allegiant Stadium was awarded the 2022 Pro Bowl instead. The league further announced that the Pro Bowl rosters for the 2020 season would still be voted upon, and that they would instead hold alternative events to honor the players chosen. Voting began on November 17, 2020, on the NFL's website and "Madden NFL 21", and on Twitter starting on December 1. Voting on all platforms then ended on December 17 with the rosters being announced on December 21.


title: 2021 Pro Bowl

text: The NFL partnered with Verzuz to air a series of Pro Bowl "highlight battles" from January 26 through 29.


title: 2021 Pro Bowl

text: ABC, ESPN, and Disney XD aired a television special on January 31 in place of the game—the "Pro Bowl Celebration"—which was presented by ESPN's NFL studio analysts, and featured segments and interviews honoring the Pro Bowl roster.


title: 2021 Pro Bowl

text: The esports exhibition was played from their respective homes, in order, quarterback Deshaun Watson (Houston Texans), former wide receiver Keyshawn Johnson, running back Derrick Henry (Tennessee Titans), and rapper Snoop Dogg each played one quarter as the AFC team, while quarterback Kyler Murray (Arizona Cardinals), NASCAR Cup Series driver Bubba Wallace (23XI Racing), strong safety Jamal Adams (Seattle Seahawks), and former running back Marshawn Lynch each played one quarter as the NFC team.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: In contract law, rescission is an equitable remedy which allows a contractual party to cancel the contract. Parties may rescind if they are the victims of a vitiating factor, such as misrepresentation, mistake, duress, or undue influence. Rescission is the unwinding of a transaction. This is done to bring the parties, as far as possible, back to the position in which they were before they entered into a contract (the "status quo ante").


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: Rescission is used throughout the law in a number of different senses. The failure to draw these crucial distinctions is productive of serious confusion. Although Judicature legislation has been enacted throughout the common law world, and jurisdictions vary in their recognition of a distinct body of law known as equity, reference to the jurisdictional origins is still important for the purposes of exposition.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: Rescission is an equitable remedy and is discretionary. It is used as a synonym for termination at law. A court may decline to rescind a contract if one party has affirmed the contract by his action, or a third party has acquired some rights or there has been substantial performance in implementing the contract. To improve chances of being granted rescission, parties may do well to describe those circumstances which may give rise to an entitlement to terminate, as was done in "Koompahtoo Local Aboriginal Land Council v Sanpine Pty Ltd". Furthermore, because rescission is supposed to be imposed "mutually" upon both sides to a contract, the party seeking rescission normally must offer to give back all benefits he or she has received under the contract (an "offer of tender").


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: The US state of Virginia uses the term "cancellation" for equitable rescission. Furthermore, a minority of common law jurisdictions, like South Africa, use the term "rescission" for what other jurisdictions call "reversing", "overturning" or "overruling" a court judgment. In this sense, the term means to be set aside or make void, on application to the court that granted the judgment or to a higher court. Applications to rescind a judgment are usually made on the basis of error or for good cause.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: Most common law jurisdictions avoid all this confusion by holding that one "rescinds" a contract and "cancels" a deed (i.e., of real property), and treat rescission as a contractual remedy rather than a type of procedural remedy against a court judgment.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: In Australia, the Court of Equity may grant partial relief under the contract if good conscience and practical justice are observed by the court.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: In finance, law, and insurance, rescission is the termination of a contract from the beginning (as if it never existed), rendering it "void ab initio". In 2009, one judge ruled that borrowers who refinanced into an adjustable-rate mortgage could force a bank to rescind mortgage loans if it acted similarly inappropriately. Rescission is typically viewed as "an extreme remedy" which is "rarely granted".


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: In order to have legal certainty and in order to avoid the situation that courts have to decide ex-post if a trade should be binding or not, erroneous trade rules of exchanges usually exclude civil-law rescission rights.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: This explains why banks usually have to carry huge losses when clearly erroneous trades occurred that have not been detected within 30 minutes.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: Insurers have the right to rescind an insurance policy due to concealment, material misrepresentation, or material breach of warranty. Generally, to rescind, an insurer will send a notice to the insured and tender a check in the amount of the premium paid for the relevant policy period


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: In health insurance and specifically the individual and small group insurance markets, rescissions have generally followed the diagnosis of an expensive-to-treat illness in the patient (policyholder), typically because of withheld information about a pre-existing medical condition. Public awareness of this practice increased during the 2009 US healthcare debate, when it was described colloquially as "cancel coverage when you get sick". The practice of health insurance rescission was partially limited starting September 23, 2010, following the adoption of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in 2010. A House committee report found that WellPoint (now Anthem), UnitedHealth Group and Assurant rescinded policies for more than 20,000 people over a five-year period; the House report also highlighted 13 particular cases.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: In 2010, it was revealed that WellPoint specifically targeted women with breast cancer for aggressive investigation with the intent to cancel (rescind) their policies. The disclosures followed the discovery that Assurant Health similarly targeted all recently diagnosed HIV-positive (AIDS) policyholders for rescission. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Kathleen Sebelius sent a letter to WellPoint urging the insurer to immediately end their practice of dropping health insurance coverage for the women.


title: Rescission (contract law)

text: The software technology used by Wellpoint as well as other major American health insurance companies is provided by MIB Group. The software automatically triggered a fraud investigation on every policyholder recently diagnosed with breast cancer and searched for conditions not disclosed in the application. The MIB Group provides a "Follow-up Service" which allows for a "second chance" to underwrite based on additional, discovered information during the contestable period. The service is maintained for two years after initial underwriting and may include, among other information credit history, medical conditions, driving records, criminal activity, drug use, participation in hazardous sports, and personal or family genetic history. Consumers can request a copy of the data in their report from MIB Group. The insurer is additionally required to prove an "intent to deceive" in the misrepresentation, this fraud or intent requirement was extended federally for health insurance contracts effective September 23, 2010 by Section 2712 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. In the long-run the change may have little effect in practice given that the bill eventually will not allow underwriting based on preexisting conditions. Previously, most states required proving "intent to deceive".


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: Kalki is a 2019 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film directed by Prasanth Varma. The film stars Rajasekhar, Rahul Ramakrishna, Adah Sharma, Nandita Swetha and Pujita Ponnada in the lead roles.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: In 1983, Kollapur, a village situated near Nallamala forest, a journalist Deva Dutta from Hyderabad converses with a senior citizen to learn about the history of Kollapur. In 1947, Nizam, opposing the incorporation of Hyderabad state into India after independence of the country from British Raj, sent Razakars to ruin Hindu provinces and temples. In such scuffle, the generous aristocrat of Kollapur, Raja Balakishan Rao had died due to the betrayal of his greedy commander Narsappa. After the state successfully became a part of India in 1948, Narsappa desired to contest in the general elections but Raja Balakishan Rao's confidant Raja Ratnam advised Raja Balakishan Rao's wife Rani Ramachandramma to participate in the elections for social welfare. She subsequently wins and establishes several institutions like school and hospital for Kollapur . Taking advantage of Raja Ratnam's strained relationship with his son Perumallu, Narsappa looted the treasury and set fire to the palace that apparently killed Rani Ramachandramma, Raja Ratnam and the former's child. As a result, Narsappa established his control over Kollapur.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: Presently, fire breaks out at a desi liquor store, that was evidently created to kill Narsappa's tender-hearted brother Sekhar Babu, whose burning corpse is found hanging to the tree. Believing that Perumallu had murdered his brother due to their recent fall out, Narsappa wreaks havoc trying to find Perumallu, who goes into hiding. Police Department assigns Kalki IPS in charge of Sekhar Babu's murder case while Dutta seeks to help him. Together, they find out that a murder attempt on Sekhar Babu was staged a few days ago during Bonalu with a poisoned arrow but Sekhar Babu's friend was shot inadvertently. Upon perceiving from the Ayurvedic doctor who treated Sekhar Babu's friend, that the poison was extracted from a breed of snake found in Nagulakona, a hamlet that was destroyed to due to recent forest fire killing everyone in it, Dutta and Kalki leave to Nagulakona. Touring the burnt area of Nagulakona, Kalki realizes that the fire was not natural, but engineered to kill the villagers. Narsappa abducts a tribal girl Paala Pitta to make her, his concubine but she makes excuses to protect herself temporarily but continues to stay at his residence.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: Dutta learns that Kalki was in love with Padma, Head doctor in the local govt hospital but their relationship was strained as Kalki inadvertently killed Padma's father, a school headmaster, who was housing maoists. Parallelly, Kalki and Dutta learn that a love story was brewing between Sekhar Babu and a Muslim graduate Asima Khan, daughter of Adv. Kabir Khan. They meet the latter and learn that Asima wanted to establish a boating business that helped people travel to Srisailam from Kollapur through the river in forest. When Sekhar Babu helped her through this and succeeded in establishing the business, the boats carrying 60 people were ambushed and everyone were brutally murdered. As Asima was blamed of the incident due to her religion, Kabir migrated to another village with Asima and he believes that Sekhar Babu was also murdered for trying to crack the conspiracy. Kabir Khan states that there is an eyewitness for the massacre, who is not ready to come to court. Kalki and Dutta meet the eyewitness Sambashivam, a saint dedicated to the service of Hanuman and learn from him that few masked men had ambushed the boats and killed the people by drowning them to death. However, Sambashivam doesn't wish to testify against the masked men in the court or Police station.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: There is a myth over the village that Rani Ramachandramma's spirit haunts the burnt palace but Kalki discovers that the owner of desi liquor store, where Sekhar Babu died had been masquerading as the ghost to evade a murder attempt on him from Narsappa. From the owner of the store, Kalki perceives that few hours before he died, Sekhar Babu gifted a watch to the owner for vacating the store so that he could enjoy alone with his friends. From a portrait in the palace, Kalki and Dutta realize that Sambashivam is none other than Raja Ratnam, who apparently died in the fire but actually escaped it. They go to meet Sambashivam alias Raja Ratnam and perceive that he is hiding Perumallu from Narsappa. Sambashivam expresses his regret over not being able to save Ramachandramma and her son and for not bringing up his son in a proper way. However, Kalki convinces them to come with him. At the same time, they are ambushed by the same masked men who wound Sambashivam while Kalki manages to rescue Perumallu. Before dying, Sambashivam tells Kalki that the recurrences are not coincidental but are due to Karma, perplexing Dutta. Kalki apprehends one of the masked men, who is severely wounded and admits him in hospital in care of Padma. When Kalki tries to grab the man's testimony about Narsappa's role behind the so-called forest fires in Nagulakona and the massacre of boats, the man uses Padma as a human shield but is shot to death by Kalki and that's when Padma realizes that Kalki was not wrong.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: When the tribal man, who attempted to murder Sekhar Babu with the poisoned arrow, tries to kill Perumallu, Dutta and Kalki apprehend him and learn from the person that he is a native of Nagulakona, in which people were brutally murdered and burnt to death by Narsappa, Perumallu and other masked men. That's what led the tribal man to seek vengeance against Narsappa and his family, so he attempted to murder Sekhar Babu. Perumally escapes from the custody.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: Kalki meets his superior and divulges that Nagulakona was an obstacle for Narsappa to operate his red sandalwood smuggling business due to which he got rid of the villagers and staged a forest fire. The boats were going through the same river route and therefore, Narsappa felt the boating business to be a hindrance for his men to chop the sandalwood and massacred the boats, framing it on Asima. Kalki arrests Narsappa revealing the fact that Paala Pitta is an undercover cop. On the way, Perumally shoots Narsappa and Kalki encounters the former, closing the case but is slightly injured. Dutta receives his promotion for covering the incident.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: In hospital, Asima meets Kalki but Padma misinterprets their conversation and presumes that they are having an affair. However, Asima makes it clear to Padma that Kalki was like Lord Krishna to her when she was trapped in a situation like Draupadi. She reveals that it was Kalki who murdered Sekhar Babu. Sekhar Babu was a helping hand to his brother in crimes and was not like the villagers thought of him. When Asima came to know about Sekhar Babu's hand behind the boats massacre when she met him at the liquor store, she tried to escape but was caught by Sekhar Babu and his friends, who attempted to molest her but Kalki, who was roaming around in dejection as Padma broke up with him on the same day arrived to protect her and tied Sekhar Babu and his friends to the tree but Sekhar Babu's lighter slipped from his pocket and the tree, wet with kerosene is burnt killing everyone tied to the tree. Padma, realizing Kalki's true nature reconciles with him. Dutta overhears Asima and Padma's conversation and tries to inform it to Kalki's superior but realizes that Police department sent Kalki to eliminate Narsappa and Perumallu for their crimes. Dutta tries to inform it to his boss, the editor but is interrupted by a woman searching for Kalki's room. After she leaves, Dutta realizes that the woman is Ramachandramma, who was presumed to be dead along with her son. Dutta follows her to Kalki's room and realizes that Kalki is her son. Dutta realizes that Karma led Kalki to Kollapur and he avenged the injustice done to his village, as a royal descendant unbeknownst to himself. That's what is meant by Sambashivam, who died protecting Kalki after seeing the chain belonging to royal family with him.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: After the success of"Awe" (2018), Rajasekhar expressed interest to act under the direction of Prasanth Varma. Prasanth decided to do a commercial film as his second venture because he did not want to be typecasted. The original story with twists was written by Saitej Desharaj in a web-series format, following which, Prasanth had to adapt the original story into a screenplay for the format of a feature film. This process took eight months to finish.


title: Kalki (2019 Telugu film)

text: Kalki opened to mixed reviews from the critics. "The" "Times of India" gave the film three out of five stars and stated that the film is "worth a watch" and although "the film isn’t as suspenseful as they come, it still keeps things entertaining till the end". Sangeetha Devi Dundoo of "The Hindu" wrote "There’s an element of surprise towards the end, but the journey towards it is tedious". Hemanth Kumar of "Firstpost" wrote "Although Kalki finds its mojo in bits and pieces, it tries hard to whip up emotion where there’s none, and ends up as a big bore". "123Telugu" wrote "On the whole, Kalki is an investigative thriller ".


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Gotham City Sirens is an American comic book series that was written by Paul Dini with art by Guillem March and published by DC Comics. The term "Gotham City Sirens" refers to three of the most popular female villains inhabiting Gotham City: Catwoman, Harley Quinn, and Poison Ivy.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: The first issue of the series was released in June 2009, as a part of the "" relaunch of DC's entire line of comic book titles featuring the superhero Batman.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Shortly after the events of the "Heart of Hush", "Batman R.I.P.", "Final Crisis", and "Battle for the Cowl" storylines, Hush cuts out Catwoman's heart, Batman retrieves it, and Zatanna heals her. Catwoman gets her revenge by stealing all of Hush's money and giving it to Gotham City's female criminals, Harley Quinn and Poison Ivy, as well as Holly Robinson. Bruce Wayne is thought to be dead and is replaced by Dick Grayson.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: When Catwoman fights a new villain named "Boneblaster", it is revealed she still has physical limitations from her ordeal in "Heart of Hush" and is nearly easily beaten by the two-bit thug. However, Poison Ivy arrives to save Catwoman and offers her to return to her new hideout, which is actually the hideout of the Riddler, whom Poison Ivy has seduced and drugged. Catwoman discovers Harley Quinn is also living with them, and proposes that the three women join together to protect one another as a team, but first Harley Quinn and Poison Ivy want to know who Batman really is.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: When Poison Ivy uses a truth serum powder derived from plants, Catwoman reveals that she cannot because Talia, Ra's al Ghul's daughter and leader of the League of Assassins, used mind control techniques to prevent Catwoman from ever forcefully revealing his identity as Bruce Wayne. Talia taught Catwoman a meditation technique so that any sort of mind-control, such as Ivy's spores, will not affect her.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Harley Quinn leaves Poison Ivy's hideout, while Grayson, who is acting as Batman, and the "reformed" Riddler solve a coinciding case that leads to Quinn encountering Bruce Wayne. Unbeknownst to her, he is actually Hush, who had reconstructed his face to be that of Wayne so he could control Wayne Enterprises. Hush plans to kill Quinn, but when footage of the two together reaches Joker, he decides to kill Harley since he cannot have her. The Joker is revealed to not be himself at all, but an old sidekick of his named Gaggy, who is angered at Harley for replacing him. Poison Ivy and Catwoman manage to save Harley and escape.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: The three Sirens take separate holidays during Christmas time. After Catwoman fights a gang of "knife-wielding Santas" who had been attacking people, she joins Dick Grayson and Damian Wayne for Christmas before Damian has the duo leave to catch a murderer. Poison Ivy visits the South American jungles where she pauses her holiday to save a few tourists who stumbled into a drug lord's processing plant. After defeating the drug soldiers, Poison Ivy deduces that she needs to spend time in both the plant and human worlds and returns to Gotham. Harley Quinn visits her dysfunctional family with rocky results. Harley then decides to return home to the Sirens' shared Gotham City hideout where the three women spend the rest of Christmas together.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Poison Ivy is framed for a series of murders on serial arsonists in Robinson Park. After investigating the murders herself, Poison Ivy is kidnapped by a renegade police officer, who believes her to be the murderer, and left in a hole to die without food, water or sunlight. Catwoman and Harley Quinn work together to save Poison Ivy and find a corrupt cop and the real murderer with James Gordon's help. When they find Poison Ivy's hidden and shrivelled up body without a pulse, Catwoman saves her by tossing her into water, claiming that when your plants seem dead, you water them. With Poison Ivy revived, the Sirens find the real murderer and kill him themselves, making it look like he was just another victim.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Catwoman, Poison Ivy and Harley Quinn discover a body literally dropped into their lap and previously planted with evidence that it was the Sirens that killed her. Together, the girls enlist the help of the Riddler once again to find the real person trying to frame them, who is actually Doctor Aesop, wanting to take back Catwoman's hideout as his own. Around the same time, wanting to establish herself as something other than a villain, Poison Ivy takes a job at the Gotham City branch of S.T.A.R. Labs, under an assumed identity "Paula Irving" due to her criminal history. She is soon discovered by one of the scientists who she had fired on her first day, but rather than killing them Ivy instead renews their contract, impressed with the worker's intelligence and deductive skills. Also, Harley Quinn and Catwoman discover Harley's pet hyenas have been escaping at night and hunting and eating local dogs, prompting Catwoman to tell Harley to give the hyenas away to a zoo, which Harley is against.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: While Catwoman is on a private caper trying to discover information on her escaped and mentally unstable sister, Maggie Kyle finds the home of a renowned exorcist looking for help in saving her sister. Incorrectly thinking the exorcist is also in league with Selina's "cat demon", Maggie kills her and steals her exorcism equipment, discovering a container with a supernatural substance in the guise of an angel. This substance bestows her with supernatural strength and speed and a warped perception of reality. She gets Catwoman, who brings Harley Quinn with her, to meet her and proceeds to attack Harley and Catwoman. During the fight Harley attacks Maggie and calls her "Sister Zero" as an insult, but Maggie likes this name and uses it. The fight continues until Catwoman can show Maggie she's not possessed, breaking the spell on her momentarily before the "angel" regains control. In that time Maggie decides not to kill Catwoman and leaves. The arc ends with Maggie proclaiming things weren't over and that she now knew she could save her sister through exorcism instead of killing her.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Ivy confesses to Ms. Adams, that her main reason why she wants to work in S.T.A.R. labs is that she is looking for a certain chemical that has the ability to grow a forest overnight. In her search, what she encounters is an alien life form which is an intelligent plant, who was captured by the doctor. Seemingly coming under the plant's control and being promised to be its queen, Ivy aids its escape from the lab, battling Catwoman and Harley Quinn on her way to Gotham Park, where the entity plans on spreading her spores in an attempt to take over the planet. When her friends intervene, stopping the plant creature's plan, Ivy turns on him, helping to stop the propagation of his flower bulbs and killing him while telling him that she was used by a man she loves before, and that it will never happen again.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Catwoman is abducted by a villain named Senpai for her invaluable information of Batman's real identity, and Ivy and Harley team up with Talia and Zatanna to rescue her. When they defeated the villain, Zatanna and Talia realize that Catwoman is in great risk because of her knowledge, and Talia convinces Zatanna to use her magic to erase it. Talia manages to distract Harley and Ivy as Zatanna scans Selina's memories, but she eventually realizes that Talia only wants to erase Selina's memory of Batman's identity because she cannot bear that another woman whom Batman also loves has this information. Zatanna leaves Selina's memories untouched, then confronts Talia and tells her that she now knows that she set up everything. They briefly fight, but Talia decides she does not want to fight anymore and fires at Selina instead, prompting Zatanna to rescue her. Zatanna asks forgiveness from Selina and still offers her to remove her memories of Batman to ease her burden, but she turns the offer down.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Shortly thereafter all three women feel spurned and neglected by their men of choice, and Harley seeks out Catwoman to console her about her loving Batman, making an equivalence to her feelings for Joker, but Catwoman's discontent stirs anger in Harley, who goes to seek out vengeance on her ex-boyfriend.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Harley betrays her two friends and breaks into Arkham with the goal of killing the Joker for abusing her as often as he did. Harley ultimately chooses to instead release Joker from his cell, and together the two orchestrate a violent takeover of the facility that results in most of the guards and staff members either being killed or taken hostage by the inmates. Harley and the Joker are eventually defeated by Batman and Catwoman, and Harley is last seen being wheeled away while bound in a straitjacket and muzzle. Shortly after this, Poison Ivy breaks into Harley's cell and attempts to kill her for her betrayal, but instead pities her and offers to free her if she helps kill Catwoman, who had left both of her fellow Sirens behind in Arkham to be captured. Harley and Ivy subsequently escape and try to exact revenge on Selina. A massive fight ensues, which ends with Catwoman revealing that since the group first came together, she had been using her connections with Batman to keep Harley and Ivy from being arrested and that she saw good in them and only wanted to help. Harley and Ivy allow Catwoman to go free. Just as Batman is about to arrest them, Catwoman helps the two of them escape and the series ends with all three members of the group going their separate ways.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: In The New 52 reboot of DC's continuity, the "Gotham City Sirens" do not exist and are never mentioned as a group. In the new continuity, Catwoman received a new ongoing title written by Judd Winick and drawn by "Gotham City Sirens" artist Guillem March, Harley Quinn was now a member of the revamped "Suicide Squad" series, and Poison Ivy is featured in the new "Birds of Prey".


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: A loose live-action adaptation of the team appears in the fourth season of "Gotham" featuring Tabitha Galavan, and Barbara Kean, portrayed by Jessica Lucas, and Erin Richards respectively. A nightclub called "The Sirens" is set up by Barbara and Tabitha, the two who were dating at the time.


title: Gotham City Sirens

text: A live-action film from David Ayer, based on the team, entered development for the DC Extended Universe as a spin-off of "Suicide Squad" originally set to feature Harley Quinn, Catwoman, and Poison Ivy. Margot Robbie has signed a contract to portray Harley Quinn in multiple films. "Gotham City Sirens" was delayed and was replaced by the 2020 film "Birds of Prey" featuring Harley, Black Canary, Huntress, Renee Montoya and a younger version of Cassandra Cain. Following the release of James Gunn’s "The Suicide Squad" (2021), it is unknown if "Gotham City Sirens" will be a spin-off of Ayer's or Gunn's film.


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: The Paul Simon Songbook is the debut solo studio album by Paul Simon. It was released in the UK in 1965. It was made available in the US as part of the LP box set "Paul Simon: Collected Works" (1981). The album was produced by Reginald Warburton and Stanley West as Columbia/CBS Records LP BPG 62579 in the UK; remastered CD Columbia/Legacy/SME CK 90281.


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: "The Paul Simon Songbook" was recorded in London. Simon made several trips to England in 1964 and '65, performing in small clubs and theaters. During 1965 he played in Paris, Haarlem, and Copenhagen, along with London and other locations in the UK. In 1964, Simon and Art Garfunkel had released the folk-inspired album "Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M." in the US. While Simon was touring and appearing on radio shows in England in 1965 (sometimes with Garfunkel), he began to receive attention from fans. At the time "Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M." had not yet been released in Britain (and would not be until 1968). Simon's other recordings then available in Britain consisted of three 45 rpm singles released on various labels, two of which were rock 'n' roll-inspired recordings with Garfunkel under the name Tom & Jerry. The other was representative of his experiments in folk but had been released in 1964 under the pseudonym Paul Kane. He was still under contract to Columbia, so he could record for their British label, CBS Records, and therefore decided to record a set of tracks for release to his folk audience. "The Paul Simon Songbook" was the result.


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: Simon recorded the album at Levy's Recording Studio, 73 New Bond Street, London, over several dates in June 1965. Most of the songs required several takes. He only had one microphone for both his voice and his guitar. Two songs ("The Sound of Silence" and "He Was My Brother") were re-recordings of songs originally found on "Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.". Of the remaining songs, all but two ("A Church is Burning" and "The Side Of A Hill") would be subsequently re-recorded in studio versions by Simon and Garfunkel. However, the lyrics to The Side of a Hill were later reworked as 'Canticle' and sung as counterpoint to Scarborough Fair on the duo's third album "Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme". The lyrics to both The Side of a Hill and Canticle are notably absent from his 2008 volume 'Lyrics 1964-2008'.


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: Simon's 1965 liner notes to the album comment of the songs that "there are some I would not write today", but that they "played a role in the transition" to his position as a musician at that time.


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: The album cover shows Simon and his then-girlfriend, Kathy Chitty, sitting on "narrow streets of cobblestone" in London, the city Simon had adopted as his home, and holding wooden figurines. In the 1970s, the album art was altered: the picture of Simon and Chitty was flipped horizontally, and the red script-like lettering eliminated in favor of an album title in white block print at the top.


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: The album was released in the US by Columbia very briefly in 1969, but was recalled within a few days when Simon objected. It was re-released in 1981 on a Columbia LP in the "Collected Works" boxed set, and in 2004 by Columbia/Legacy on CD. The CD features two bonus tracks, alternative versions of "I Am a Rock" and "A Church is Burning" which were not part of the 1965 LP release. The mono version was released on CD.


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: The lyrics for the anti-war song "The Side of a Hill" were incorporated into the Simon & Garfunkel arrangement of "Scarborough Fair/Canticle" on "Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme".


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: Later in 1965 and in early 1966, following the success in the US of "The Sound of Silence" as a single, Simon & Garfunkel re-recorded several of the songs featured on "The Paul Simon Songbook" and released them on their albums "Sounds of Silence" and "Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme".


title: The Paul Simon Songbook

text: <nowiki>*</nowiki> "Paul Kane" was a pseudonym used by Simon at this time, because of his fondness for the film "Citizen Kane".


title: Michelle Gurevich

text: Michelle Gurevich is a Canadian singer-songwriter, also known by her former stage name Chinawoman. Her music is influenced by her Russian heritage, and has been described as slowcore rock and "lo-fi pop". Her largest fanbase is in Eastern Europe.


title: Michelle Gurevich

text: Gurevich was born in Toronto, Ontario, to Russian-Jewish immigrants and was raised with Russian as her first language. Her father was an engineer in Soviet Leningrad and her mother a Kirov ballerina (the subject of Gurevich's "Russian Ballerina"). Gurevich originally wanted to become a filmmaker and worked ten years in the industry before turning to music. "I eventually tried to write a song and found it was not only cheaper but much easier to get a good result."


title: Michelle Gurevich

text: Gurevich began her career recording in her bedroom. The stage name "Chinawoman" was chosen as a spur-of-the-moment joke when Garageband prompted her for a band name. After receiving criticism for being a non-Chinese woman inappropriately using the word Chinawoman, Gurevich distanced herself from her stage name and began to perform under her own name.


title: Michelle Gurevich

text: Gurevich has cited Alla Pugacheva, Adriano Celentano, Charles Aznavour, Yoko Ono, Francis Lai, Nino Rota, Xavier Dolan, Todor Kobakov, Jennifer Castle, and filmmaker Federico Fellini as influences on her music. Gurevich possesses a contralto range.


title: Michelle Gurevich

text: In 2014, Gurevich's song "Party Girl" and "I'll Be Your Woman" inspired the 2014 French film "Party Girl".


title: Troy Nehls

text: Troy Edwin Nehls (born April 7, 1968) is an American politician and former law enforcement officer who is the U.S. representative for Texas's 22nd congressional district. From 2013 to 2021, he served as the sheriff for Fort Bend County, Texas. Nehls is a member of the Republican Party.


title: Troy Nehls

text: Nehls was born in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. His father, Edwin Nehls, served in the Korean War and as sheriff of Dodge County, Wisconsin. Nehls enlisted in the United States Army Reserve in 1988. He served tours of duty in Bosnia, Iraq, and Afghanistan, and earned two Bronze Stars. He earned his bachelor's degree from Liberty University and a master's degree in criminal justice from University of Houston–Downtown.


title: Troy Nehls

text: Nehls moved to Fort Bend County, Texas, in 1994, and joined the police department of Richmond, Texas. In 1998, he was fired for reasons including destruction of evidence.


title: Troy Nehls

text: In 2004, Nehls was elected constable for Fort Bend County, while he was serving in Iraq. He retired from the Army Reserve with the rank of major in 2009. In 2012, Nehls was elected sheriff of Fort Bend County, taking office in January 2013. He was reelected in 2016.


title: Troy Nehls

text: Nehls formed an exploratory committee for in the 2018 elections against incumbent Republican Pete Olson, but decided in December 2017 not to run for that office. In July 2019, he announced that he would not seek reelection as sheriff in 2020.


title: Troy Nehls

text: In mid-July 2019, Nehls created a website where he asked Fort Bend County residents whether he should run for Congress in the 22nd congressional district, which covers Katy, Sugar Land, and Pearland. On July 25, 2019, Olson announced he would not seek reelection in 2020. In December 2019, Nehls announced that he would run for the seat.


title: Troy Nehls

text: Nehls finished first in the March Republican primary with 40.5% of the vote. In the July runoff, he defeated second-place finisher Kathaleen Wall with 70% of the vote. He faced Democratic nominee Sri Preston Kulkarni in the general election in November.


title: Troy Nehls

text: According to his campaign website, Nehls ran in order to improve mental and physical health care for veterans and to protect oil and gas jobs in Texas. Two days after he became the nominee, the "Standing with President Trump" page on that website was removed.


title: Troy Nehls

text: In his first week in the U.S. House, Nehls and other members of Congress were seen assisting U.S. Capitol Police in barricading the door to the House floor from protesters during the 2021 United States Capitol attack.


title: Troy Nehls

text: On January 7, 2021, Nehls joined 121 other Republican members of Congress in objecting to counting certain electoral votes in the 2020 presidential election. On January 13, 2021, he voted against the second impeachment of President Donald Trump.


title: Troy Nehls

text: After President Joe Biden delivered a speech to a joint session of Congress in April 2021, Nehls approached Biden and said he wanted to work together on criminal justice reform. Biden administration staff subsequently reached out to Nehls's office. On May 25, 2021, Nehls partnered with Representative Val Demings to introduce H.R. 3529, The Second Chance Opportunity for Re-Entry Education (SCORE) Act, to direct grant funds to county jails for career training programs for non-violent, incarcerated individuals to reduce jail recidivism.


title: Troy Nehls

text: On January 3, 2022, Nehls entered a full transcript of an interview on "The Joe Rogan Experience" with Robert W. Malone into the Congressional Record in order to circumvent what he said was censorship by social media. The interview contained a claim by Malone about "a third of the population basically being hypnotized".


title: Troy Nehls

text: In the wake of the FBI search of presidential records at Mar-a-Lago in 2022, Nehls announced his support for Donald Trump for president in 2024 and denounced the FBI and Department of Justice as "corrupt".


title: Troy Nehls

text: Nehls doubled down on his support for Trump by publishing a book in 2022 titled "The Big Fraud", in which he falsely writes that Democrats rigged the 2020 presidential election.


title: Troy Nehls

text: Nehls has a twin brother, Trever. Trever Nehls served in the Army Reserve for 24 years, including tours in Iraq and Afghanistan. Another brother, Todd, served in the Wisconsin Army National Guard and is a former sheriff of Dodge County. Trever succeeded Troy as a constable for Fort Bend County in 2013, and won the Republican nomination to succeed him as the sheriff of Fort Bend County in March 2020.


title: Lewis Smith (actor)

text: Smith is best known for the role of Charles Main on the first and second part of "North and South" miniseries, He also played "Curly Bill" Brocious in the Kevin Costner film "Wyatt Earp". Smith co-starred as Perfect Tommy in "The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai Across the 8th Dimension" and as trigger-happy National Guardsman "Earl Stuckey" in Walter Hill's "Southern Comfort" (1981).


title: Lewis Smith (actor)

text: He appeared in the early sequences of "Love Child" playing Amy Madigan's hitch-hiking boyfriend. Smith starred as Bobby Fontana in 1985's "The Heavenly Kid". In 1987, he played the title role in the failed television pilot "The Man Who Fell to Earth" which was based on the David Bowie film from the 1970s. Smith landed a starring role in the short-lived Fox comedy television series "Karen's Song". He also co-starred with Sharon Stone and Miguel Ferrer in "Badlands 2005", an unsold TV pilot-movie directed by Scottish-born George Miller (not to be confused with the other George Miller who directed the "Mad Max" movies). He appeared as Jinglebells Cody, a slave fight trainer, in Quentin Tarantino's 2012 film "Django Unchained".


title: Lewis Smith (actor)

text: Lewis Smith founded The Actors Academy in Los Angeles, which prepares students to work in film and television. Courses taught at Lewis Smith's Actor's Academy cover topics such as camera techniques, sound & lighting, props & marks, auditioning for roles, etc.


title: Peleg

text: Peleg (, in pausa , "division"; ) is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as one of the two sons of Eber, an ancestor of the Ishmaelites and the Israelites, according to the "Table of Nations" in and .


title: Peleg

text: Peleg's son was Reu, born when Peleg was thirty, and he had other sons and daughters. According to the Hebrew Bible, Peleg lived to the age of 239 years, () (upto when Terah was 118).


title: Peleg

text: In the Septuagint and some Christian Bibles derived from it, Peleg is called and his father is called . His son is called , born when Phaleg was 130 years old, and he had other sons and daughters. According to the Septuagint, Phaleg lived to an age of 339 years. (Septuagint Genesis 11:16-19) Modern translations generally use the names and dating as in the Masoretic Hebrew text. (compare )


title: Peleg

text: According to and , it was during the time of Peleg that the earth was divided – traditionally, this is often assumed to be just before, during, or after the failure of the Tower of Babel, whose construction was traditionally attributed to Nimrod. The meaning of the Earth being divided is usually taken to refer to a patriarchal division of the world, or possibly just the Eastern Hemisphere, into allotted portions among the three sons of Noah for future occupation, as specifically described in the "Book of Jubilees", "Biblical Antiquities of Philo", "Kitab al-Magall", Flavius Josephus, and numerous other antiquarian and mediaeval sources, even as late as Archbishop Ussher, in his "Annals of the World". One account, the "Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan", states that "In the days of Phalek (Peleg), the earth was divided "a second time" among the three sons of Noah; Shem, Ham and Japheth" – it had been divided once previously among the three sons by Noah himself.


title: Peleg

text: Some Young Earth Creationists interpret this verse to refer to the continent of Pangaea being split into the modern continents.


title: Peleg

text: Peleg is a common first name and surname in Israel, also being the root lettering for sailing ( ) and a military half-bivouac tent ( ). The meaning of Peleg in English is "brook", a little river.


title: Peleg

text: Peleg is the name of one of the principal owners of the fictional whaling ship Pequod in Herman Melville's "Moby-Dick" (1851). The following actors have portrayed this character in film adaptations:


title: Peleg

text: Peleg Peterson (played by Fred Paul) is a character in the silent film Infelice (1915). This film is an adaptation of the 1875 novel of the same name by Augusta J. Evans.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: William Joseph Cowsill Jr. (January 9, 1948 – February 18, 2006) was an American singer, musician, songwriter, and record producer. He was the lead singer and guitarist of The Cowsills, who had three top-10 singles in the late 1960s. From the mid-1970s until his death, he was a successful alt-country artist and producer in Canada.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Bill Cowsill was born in Middletown, Rhode Island, the eldest child of the seven Cowsill children—six boys and one girl—and was named after his father, William Joseph "Bud" Cowsill (1925–1992). At a young age, Bill began singing with his younger brother Bob (born August 26, 1949), playing guitars provided for them by their father, who at the time was serving in the U.S. Navy. The brothers had originally wanted to form a rock band. In 1965, at their father's insistence, Bill and Bob formed The Cowsills with their brothers Barry on bass and John on drums. After his retirement from the navy, their father became their full-time manager. He was physically and emotionally abusive towards his family, in both his spousal and parental roles; this abuse continued during his role as the group's manager.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: The Cowsills started playing around Newport and, in 1965, recorded their first single, "All I Really Wanna Be is Me," on the independent label JoDa Records, which was founded by Johnny Nash. Cowsill recalled that Nash wanted the band to be a "white rhythm and blues band" and sent them home with Jimmy Reid albums, which is how Cowsill learned to play harmonica. Although the single failed to chart, an appearance on the NBC Today Show to promote it was seen by Shelby Singleton, who offered them a contract with Mercury Records. In 1966, they released three more singles: "Most of All", "Party Girl", and "What's It Gonna Be Like". These songs failed to spark interest. The band was dropped by Mercury, but they were discovered by Artie Kornfeld and signed to MGM Records. Kornfeld persuaded the children's mother, Barbara, to contribute backing vocals behind Bill's lead on "The Rain, The Park & Other Things", a song written by Steve Duboff and Artie Kornfeld and released in 1967, as a single and on their debut album, "The Cowsills". At this point, the brothers' younger sister Susan and brother Paul joined the band. Richard wanted to join the group; Bud would not allow it.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: "The Rain, The Park & Other Things" sold over a million copies and reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100. Bill and Bob co-produced their second album, "We Can Fly", which was released in December 1967. It spawned a second Top 40 hit with the title track. "We Can Fly" was written by Bob Cowsill, Bill Cowsill, Steve Duboff, and Artie Kornfeld, and would be successfully recorded by several acts, notably Al Hirt and Lawrence Welk. Bill produced the band's third album, "Captain Sad And His Ship Of Fools", which was released in September 1968. From this album, "Indian Lake" became another Top 10 hit, but Cowsill felt that it was an inferior song, and he fired the producer, Wes Farrell. Farrell said he doubted that Cowsill could do better. When Carl Reiner asked the Cowsills to perform a musical skit on his 1969 TV special, which involved modeling wigs from Japan, Cowsill produced a version of the title track from the rock musical "Hair". It peaked at No. 2 and sold 2.5 million copies.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: The Cowsills were noted for their ability to sing multiple-part harmonies with remarkable accuracy and were one of most popular musical acts in America. They made 200 television appearances a year, including The Ed Sullivan Show, The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, American Bandstand, The Mike Douglas Show, Playboy After Dark, Kraft Music Hall, and The Johnny Cash Show. This led to Columbia Pictures division Screen Gems considering a sitcom based on their story and starring most of the members of the band; the deal was abandoned when the producers of the show wanted to replace Barbara in the cast. The show would later become "The Partridge Family", with David Cassidy playing the lead singer and with his mother Shirley Jones as the mother in the show.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: It was commonly thought that Cowsill's involvement with the family band came to an abrupt end in 1969 when Bud caught him smoking marijuana. In fact, Cowsill's dismissal occurred after he and his father got into a drunken brawl in the lounge of the Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas, when Bud insulted Bill's friends, particularly guitarist Waddy Wachtel. Police had to be called to break up the fight; Bill was dismissed, or quit, the next day. According to Bob Cowsill, Bill's dismissal was the beginning of the end of the Cowsills as a group, because no other sibling could assume his leadership role. After the band's break-up in 1972, it was discovered that most of their wealth had been lost through Bud Cowsill's financial mismanagement.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Cowsill had no qualms about leaving the family band, later saying that he "hated" the life and the lack of musical control. From Las Vegas, he (and Wachtel) went directly to Tulsa, Oklahoma, where he began playing in bars, "for ten bucks a night and all the whiskey you could drink." He was able to sit in with Harry Nilsson, J.J. Cale and Carl Wilson, co-founder of The Beach Boys. This led to Bill being considered as the replacement for Brian Wilson in The Beach Boys' live performances. Instead, Cowsill stayed in Tulsa and, in late 1970, released his solo album, "Nervous Breakthrough".


title: Bill Cowsill

text: There is a persistent myth, sometimes encouraged by Cowsill that, at this time, Cowsill bought a bar in Austin, Texas and "drank it dry". In fact, Cowsill was one of several people who pitched in to purchase the old railway bar, McNeil Depot, in 1978, and then sold it to its current owner a few months later.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Cowsill had married Karen Locke in 1968; their son Travis was born in Tulsa in 1971. At this point, Cowsill reunited with The Cowsills and wrote and produced two singles, "You (In My Mind)" and "Crystal Claps", two of six singles that the group released that year. By 1972, The Cowsills had dissolved.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Bill and Karen moved to Los Angeles, where Bill spent a few years playing and producing. In 1974, he joined Wachtel and his brothers Paul and Barry and they formed a group called Bridey Murphy. The released one single which Wachtel had co-written, "The Time Has Come", but nothing more came of it. By 1975, Cowsill's drug abuse problems were well entrenched. His was newly divorced and estranged from his family. He decided to move to Canada, choosing Yellowknife, Northwest Territories as his destination.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Cowsill played in the bars and hotels of Yellowknife for a short time; the city has just 20,000 people and a limited number of entertainment venues. He moved south to Edmonton, which is the capitol of Alberta and a much larger and more cosmopolitan city. He began meeting other musicians and joined up with a group of them to form The Hair Trigger Cowboys. The band's drummer, Bruce Larochelle, would recall, "His body language reminded me of that of an outlaw or a gunfighter, roaming from town to town, always looking over his shoulder. But he [was] just a kid though, just a kid. He was also pretty road-hardened, at the same time. Billy knew the situation, and he coached me. "Just watch me," he said, "And don’t make any fast moves."" On that occasion, the band was in Provost, Alberta, opening for Bryan Fustukian, the well-known DJ who had become a successful country music artist. Cowsill accepted the invitation to join Fustukian's band and stayed on for about a year, as guitarist and co-lead singer. In 1977, he moved to Vancouver.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Vancouver has always been a musical hub but, in the late ‘70s, it was bursting with new rock bands, new nightclubs and new blues venues. The two hubs for blues were The Anchor Hotel and The Yale Saloon. Cowsill rented an apartment in the former Hippie enclave of Kitsilano, and began sitting in with bands playing at The Yale’s famous Sunday jam sessions. At one such session, he ran into Lee Stephens, the bass player from The Hair Trigger Cowboys. Stephens had just become part of the new country rock band Blue Northern; Cowsill began sitting in and then joined on vocals, guitar and percussion. He wrote and co-wrote some of their songs, produced their EP "Blue", and co-produced their album "Blue Northern". He also co-produced the 1983 album "Restless Heart" by the Winnipeg country singer Patti Mayo, which Blue Northern performed on. Blue Northern was a successful band—five of their songs made the national top-40 and, in 1982, they were nominated for a Canadian Country Music Award. But by then, Cowsill’s addictions to drugs and alcohol had gotten the better of him. Blue Northern’s members splintered off; their last performance was as part of a Christmas concert at Vancouver's Commodore Ballroom on December 23, 1982.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: By now, Cowsill had become friends with Lindsay Mitchell, singer of the group Prism which had broken up in 1982. Cowsill and Mitchell recruited bassist Elmer Spanier, guitarist Danny Casavant, and two of The Anchor's regular musicians, pianist Doc Fingers and drummer Chris Nordquist, to form the alt-country band Billy Mitchell's Trainwreck. The band played a steady stream of gigs in Vancouver, Calgary and Edmonton, becoming popular in western Canada by performing what Cowsill described as his "Dead Guys Set"; country and pop songs by artists no longer living. At this point, Cowsill's manager was Larry Wanagas, president of Edmonton's Bumstead Records. Wanagas was also the manager of k.d. lang. Also at the time, Cowsill was mentoring the young blue guitarist Colin James, who was also playing with the band. On July 5, 1985, Wanagas had them open for lang at Calgary's Fairmont Palliser Hotel. Their concert was recorded and, in 2004, Cowsill released the performance as the album as "Billy Cowsill – Live From The Crystal Ballroom Calgary, AB July, 1985".


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Mitchell soon returned to the re-united Prism and Cowsill's band became Billy Cowsill and the Heartbeats. By now, Cowsill had become a fixture in Alberta. He appeared more than once on Ian Tyson's TV show "Sun Country", he played every Sunday night at the Wrangler Room, and the band was a regular fixture at the Calgary clubs Slack Alice and McGees, and at Edmonton's Sidetrack Cafe. He made other television appearances on "Country West" and The Don Harron show. But in January 1987, he returned to Vancouver, accepting scheduled regular bookings at the Fairview Pub and the Soft Rock Cafe.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: In 1990, Cowsill produced "Year of the Rooster", the first album for the Vancouver rockabilly act, The Rattled Roosters. Cowsill also produced the initial demos for the band.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: In 1992, Cowsill and Elmer Spanier reunited to form The Blue Shadows. They brought in Jeffrey Hatcher as guitarist and co-songwriter, and J.B. "Jay" Johnson on drums. While they were recording their first album, and Spanier left the band. He was replaced by Barry Muir, late of Barney Bentall and The Payolas. Hatcher had previously had his own band, Jeffrey Hatcher And The Big Beat. The new band's name, suggested by Hatcher's wife, was taken from the song "Blue Shadows On The Trail" by Sons of the Pioneers. Cowsill and Hatcher became known for their Everly Brothers-like harmonies. Cowsill regarded his association with The Blue Shadows as his most positive experience as a musician, to that point in his career.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: The group was signed to Columbia Records and their first album, "On The Floor of Heaven", was certified gold in Canada. Cowsill said that he considered the title track to the album to be the best song he had ever written. They generated the interest of U.S. record executives, but did not receive a U.S. record distribution contract. The group also received a 1994 Juno award nomination as Best Country Group or Duo; The Rankin Family won. The band's second album, "Lucky to Me" was released in 1995 and was followed by regular touring for the year thereafter. Both Blue Shadows albums were co-produced by Cowsill and Hatcher.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Having not obtained a record deal by the end of 1996, The Blue Shadows broke up, amidst "creative differences". These were, as Cowsill acknowledged, precipitated by his addictions to drugs and alcohol, which impaired his ability to contribute to songwriting meetings, band rehearsals and, ultimately, performances. The actual end of the band occurred during a layover in Ottawa, Ontario, when Cowsill crashed their van into a laundromat. They fulfilled their performance obligations, then broke up. Cowsill continued for a brief period with another band, using The Blue Shadows name. There would be increased interest in the band's music, particularly following the re-release, in 2010, of "On the Floor of Heaven".


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Following the break-up of The Blue Shadows, Cowsill returned to Calgary and entered the addiction recovery program at Recovery Acres. It took him two years to completely overcome his addictions, but he remained clean for the rest of his life.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: In 1988, Cowsill had produced the release "Low Tech/High Torque" for the Calgary rock band The Burners. Once he was sober, Cowsill started to play engagements with these same musicians—bassist Tim Leacock, guitarist and singer Steve Pineo, and drummer Ross Watson. They formally formed the band The Co-Dependents.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Cowsill also enrolled, as a full-time student, at Mount Royal College in Calgary, where he worked towards a degree in psychology, with the objective of becoming a counselor for troubled youth. Cowsill and The Co-Dependents performed as Cowsill's study schedule permitted, rather than on a full-time basis. The band played a mix of country, bluegrass, blues, rock and rockabilly music and became popular in Calgary, western Canada and the United States; They eventually had a regular weekend booking at Calgary's Mecca Café where, over three nights in June 2001, they recorded their performances. These were released by Calgary's new independent music label Indelible Music, which founded by Ian Tyson's former producer Neil MacGonigill, as "Live Recording Event" (2001) and "Live At The Mecca Café, Volume 2" (2005). "Live Recording Event" was one of the most successful Alberta roots recordings at the time, staying at the top of the charts for three weeks.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: During this period, Cowsill worked with other Calgary-based artists. In 2000, he produced and arranged the vocals for "Sun Sittin"', the debut album of Calgary hard rock band Optimal Impact--Cowsill coined the term 'Surf Metal' when asked to describe their music. In 2002, Cowsill co-produced the EP "Dyin' to Go" for Calgary country and blues singer, Ralph Boyd Johnson. He also appeared as a guest vocalist on various recordings, such as an album by the roots rock group The Shackshakers, and on Gary Pig Gold's 2002 Gene Pitney tribute "He's A Rebel (The Gene Pitney Story Retold)".


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Barbara Cowsill died of emphysema in February 1985, at age 56. Bud Cowsill died of leukemia in 1992. By then, Cowsill had reconciled with his father.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: In the latter years of his life, Cowsill was in declining health, suffering from emphysema, Cushing syndrome and osteoporosis. His health went into serious decline in 2004. He needed a cane to walk and underwent hip replacement surgery and three back surgeries, one of which left him with a permanently collapsed lung. That year, a benefit concert for Cowsill was held in Los Angeles, featuring The Cowsills, Peter Tork, Susanna Hoffs and Shirley Jones, among others.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Despite his health challenges, Cowsill continued to write, perform and record--he trained himself to sing with one lung. Six months before his death, he accepted an invitation to perform two songs onstage with Calgary honky-tonk singer-songwriter Tom Phillips. His last recording was "The Days I'm With The Horses", recorded in Calgary on July 18, 2005. The song was written and performed by Stewart MacDougall, and produced by Cowsill, who also sang background vocals. It is included on "Rivers and Rails: A Tribute to Alberta", a compilation album by various artists, released in 2007. Cowsill also co-wrote, with Ralph Boyd Johnson and Suzanne Leacock, the title song to the album, on which he plays guitar.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: Cowsill died on February 18, 2006, aged 58, at his Calgary home, survived by his two sons. Family members learned of his death while holding a memorial service the next day, in Newport, Rhode Island, for his brother Barry, who was a victim of Hurricane Katrina (his body had not been found and identified until January 2006). Bill Cowsill was cremated, and his ashes later scattered in Newport, Rhode Island. At the time of Cowsill's death, his last album with the Co-Dependents, "Live at the Mecca Café, Volume 2", was the top-selling independent album in Alberta.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: On April 20, 2006, a tribute concert in memory of Billy Cowsill was held at The Railway Club in Vancouver. On May 18, 2006, a memorial service for and musical tribute to Cowsill was held at Knox United Church in Calgary.


title: Bill Cowsill

text: In 2009, Cowsill's last residence, at 1723 9th Street SW, Calgary, was designated a 'municipal historic resource' by the city of Calgary.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Condemned 2: Bloodshot (titled Condemned 2 outside of North America) is a psychological survival horror video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Sega for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 video game consoles. It is the sequel to the 2005 game "". Due to its violent content, the game was "indexed" in Germany by the Federal Department for Media Harmful to Young Persons in April 2008 and subsequently banned in October.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Greg Grunberg does not reprise his role as Ethan Thomas in "Condemned 2". Instead, Ethan is voiced by André Sogliuzzo.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: "Condemned 2: Bloodshot" is a psychological horror video game from a first-person perspective focused on melee-oriented combat. The game features bare-fisted hand-to-hand combat, combat with melee weapons, and first-person shooting. The game also has adventure game elements in the forensic investigation of crime scenes.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Unlike the first game, "Condemned 2" allows for hand-to-hand combat with the player's bare fists, with the left and right triggers controlling the player character's left and right fist respectively. Additionally, the player is now able to chain together attack combos, as well as perform various finishing moves executed via quick time events. The game also features context-sensitive "environmental kills" (such as shoving an enemy's head into a TV or a spiked wall).


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Like the original game, the sequel also features melee weapons and firearms. However, melee weapons now break after several strikes or blocks, forcing the player to be adept at resorting to the new hand-to-hand combat system. As in the original game, firearms are limited to the bullets in the current magazine, as the player is unable to carry additional ammo (although they can reload their current magazine by picking up spare ammo lying on the ground). An additional twist to the firearms combat is Ethan's alcoholism, which causes his aim to become blurry and unsteady unless he regularly drinks alcohol. Firearms combat is more prevalent in "Condemned 2" than in the original game, with a few levels focused on firefights with assault rifle-wielding enemies.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: The game also features more in-depth forensic investigation gameplay. Players are able to investigate and catalog different elements of a crime scene, and make statements about the nature of the crime. Correctly guessing the nature of the crime earns the player a better ranking, which can lead to upgrades such as brass knuckles or body armor. Also featured are several "Bloodshot Fight Club" maps, which are action-based levels independent of the game's plot.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: "Condemned 2" contains new powers for Ethan to use. His "instinct" powers are all but completely scrapped in this episode, however some useful combat abilities come into play. By building up a combo meter, Ethan can perform powerful "Chain Combos" that begin a short sequence requiring well-timed or rapidly placed button presses in order to deal massive damage. Later in the game, Ethan gains the power of the "Voice". This power allows him to produce a powerful shockwave from his mouth that can blast open doors, explode enemy heads, and destroy Oro "headpieces".


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: "Condemned 2" features multiplayer gameplay. There are nine maps in total depending on the game mode being played. The game supports 8 players online and features four multiplayer modes:


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: "Condemned 2: Bloodshot" takes place 11 months after the events of the first "". The mysterious phenomenon causing insane violence and mass psychosis amongst Metro City's homeless population has only gotten worse, with massive riots breaking out across the city. Protagonist Ethan Thomas, having resigned from the FBI's Serial Crime Unit after the events of the investigation, has been caught in a downward spiral and now finds himself homeless, violent, and an alcoholic. He still suffers from paranormal visions, and his alcoholism even manifests as an antagonistic alter-ego that taunts him during his hallucinations.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Under the orders of Director Farrell, Ethan is recruited back into the SCU to investigate the murder of his one-time mentor Malcolm Vanhorn. He is aided by his old partner Rosa and commanded by the hostile and antagonistic Agent Dorland, SCU's tactical commander. Over the course of Ethan's investigation, he discovers that his nemesis Serial Killer X is still alive, having been nursed back to health by his uncle Malcolm Vanhorn after being shot in the head at the end of the original "Condemned". Serial Killer X killed Malcolm Vanhorn, as well as Metro City's Mayor Rachel Mars, and eventually kidnaps Director Farrell.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Ethan and Rosa also discover the source of all the city's troubles is a secret organization known as "the Oro", the cult hinted at in the first "Condemned", whose members use painful metal implants to develop sonic powers that allow them to influence and control the rest of humanity. Rosa theorizes that they are the source of all humanity's crimes, wars, and hatred.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Serial Killer X, having learned about the Oro, now wants to harness their sonic ability, and is currently killing and dissecting Oro members to obtain this ability. The Oro are much more powerful than previously thought; their members include many high-ranking members of society, including Mayor Mars, Director Farrell, and Agent Dorland. The Oro also control the SCU, and Dorland and his tactical teams attempt to kill Ethan when he discovers their secret. Ethan fights back with the help of Rosa and SCU Agent Pierce LeRue, and even Serial Killer X, who saves Ethan from the SCU, calling it "a future investment".


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Malcolm Vanhorn, who has spent his life battling the Oro, leaves Ethan a videotaped message revealing the final truth; Ethan's parents were Oro members who defected from the organization and were killed for it. Ethan himself is "the Remedy", a long-prophesied being possessing "perfectly evolved" vocal cords capable of generating the Oro's sonic power without the metal implants the Oro use. Ethan's ability is more powerful than the Oros, capable of destroying flesh and bone. The Remedy is destined to be "the voice opposing that of the Oro". As a result, Agent Dorland and the Oro want Ethan dead. Director Farrell, part of a splinter faction of Oro that wants to recruit rather than destroy Ethan, sacrifices his life to unlock Ethan's sonic powers after the two of them are cornered by Agent Dorland.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Ethan proceeds to the Peninsula, an artificial landmass where the Oro have a secret base from where they monitor and control the entire city. Using his newfound sonic powers, Ethan defeats the Oro members, destroys the Oro machinery allowing them to control the city, then battles Dorland in a sonic duel within the collapsing Peninsula. Defeated, Dorland informs Ethan that the Oro's motives are "To create hostility, the unwavering desire to fight. To unknowingly become... our protectors". Ethan asks what they are protecting against, receiving no reply. Ethan then concludes that Dorland doesn't know it himself, that he is nothing more than a puppet, and the former commander is flung to his death. Ethan escapes in a helicopter along with Rosa and LeRue, declining LeRue's offer of a drink and falling asleep. Meanwhile, the President of the United States suffers an apparent heart attack after receiving the message "The Remedy is among us!", suggesting that the President was a member of the Oro.


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: Finally, Serial Killer X is shown receiving Oro metal implants in his mouth, similar in appearance to the Oro Dark Primary, the "final boss" Oro member Ethan fought and killed at the end of the first "Condemned".


title: Condemned 2: Bloodshot

text: "Condemned 2: Bloodshot" received favorable reviews on both platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. "Official Xbox Magazine" praised the areas of atmosphere, graphics and sound for the game, and found it to be improved in almost all aspects over the original. The review did, however, find the ending to be weak and one of its major downsides. The three reviewers in "Electronic Gaming Monthly" praised the Xbox 360 version's atmosphere and improved combat system, but were not satisfied with the "laggy, unnecessary feel" of the game's multiplayer component. "Edge" said that the same console version had lost the first game's tight storyline in favor of a deranged psychotic bloodbath, in which guns and gore "occur anywhere and everywhere to ever-decreasing effect" and had taken precedence over the tension and fear factors which the magazine had enjoyed in the previous title. In a caption the review expressed surprise that "you can [...] make enemy heads explode by shouting at them" and noted that they did not expect that "the ABC Warriors would appear in the game's final act, and that you'd take them down with a sonic crossbow and giant magnet".