title: Flag of Yemen

text: The Protectorate of South Arabia consists of states located at the southern central tip of the Arabian Peninsula (Hadhramaut) under protection agreements with Britain. The states did not join the Federation of South Arabia. The protectorate became from southern Yemen after the Radfan uprising and the coup against the Sultans of the provinces. Now it is part of the Republic of Yemen.


title: Flag of Yemen

text: The federalization of Yemen or the Federal Republic of Yemen was the outcome of the National Dialogue Conference, the Dialogue members also agreed that Yemen would be transformed into a six-region federal system. The regions would be Azal in the North, and Saba in the center, and Tihama in the West, and Aden and Jand in the South, and Hadramawt in the East.


title: Rachel Starr

text: Rachel Starr (born November 26, 1983) is an American pornographic actress. She was inducted into the AVN Hall of Fame in 2022.


title: Rachel Starr

text: Rachel Starr was born in Burleson, Texas, United States and now lives in Dallas, Texas. She played tennis competitively while in high school, until she graduated early at the age of 16.


title: Rachel Starr

text: Starr worked as a stripper prior to her porn career. She entered the adult film industry when Jack Venice, a male performer met her in December 2006 in Shreveport, Louisiana while at the Deja Vu Hustler Club. She made her on screen debut in the Naughty America movie "American Daydreams", which was released on March 2, 2007. Starr signed a one year exclusive contract with Bangbros


title: Rachel Starr

text: on August 2, 2011. While working with Bangbros, Starr was also a brand ambassador for Naked.com until December 2017. On September 2, 2016, Starr signed an exclusive contract with Naughty America for two years, where she did a series of virtual reality videos for the company. On August 1, 2020, Starr signed with Brazzers for one year; however, the contract was extended due to the various restrictions placed on production during the COVID-19 lockdown due to the pandemic. Shortly after, in November 2021, FanCentro signed Starr to be a brand ambassador to promote their platform.


title: Rachel Starr

text: In 2013 Starr was linked romantically with baseball star Mike Napoli. That same year she was caught in a compromising position with Machine Gun Kelly, reportedly having given him oral sex while he was on stage.


title: Rachel Starr

text: In an interview with Power 98.3 FM radio in Phoenix, Arizona, Machine Gun Kelly stated that he and Starr made a sex tape, although it was never released to the public.


title: Rachel Starr

text: Starr has been friends with "Tiger King" star Joe Exotic since 2013. A mutual colleague of theirs asked Starr to do a photoshoot with Exotic in Wynnewood, Oklahoma. Rachel and Joe hit it off within the first 10 minutes of working together, and have remained close friends ever since. Starr and Joe Exotic worked together again in 2021 when from prison, "Tiger King" Joe Exotic released his first collection of NFTs in 2021.


title: Room for Improvement (mixtape)

text: Room for Improvement is the first official mixtape from Canadian rapper Drake. It was self-released in 2006. The mixtape was originally intended for sale only and had sold 6,000 copies in 2006.


title: Room for Improvement (mixtape)

text: In an interview with "thabiz.com" in February 2006, Drake talked about the mixtape, "It's a mix CD and I did it with DJ Smallz who does the Southern Smoke Series. He's done mix tapes with everyone. Lil Wayne, Young Jeezy, a lot of people and he's hosting it for me. It's called Room for Improvement. It's seventeen original tracks and a couple of remixes and stuff like that. 22 tracks in total. I have the Clipse on there, I got Trey Songz in there, I got Lupe Fiasco on there, I have Nickelus F who is this amazing artist from Virginia who I'm very very tight with and we work together a lot, we worked together. I have Voyce on there, he's a singer from Toronto. Production wise I don't really have any major producers on there. I have a song I did with Trey Songz. I have an individual by the name of Nick Rashur from Harlem he's a really cool cat. Amir; Boi-1da did the majority of the singles, who else should I mention DJ Ra from DC, a lot of people on the CD."


title: Room for Improvement (mixtape)

text: The mixtape was re-released in 2009 featuring only 11 selected songs with no DJs along with a remix of 'Do What You Do'.


title: I Can't Stop Loving You

text: "I Can't Stop Loving You" is a popular song written and composed by country singer, songwriter, and musician Don Gibson, who first recorded it on December 3, 1957, for RCA Victor Records. It was released in 1958 as the B-side of "Oh, Lonesome Me", becoming a double-sided country hit single. At the time of Gibson's death in 2003, the song had been recorded by more than 700 artists, most notably by Ray Charles, whose recording reached No. 1 on the Billboard chart.


title: I Can't Stop Loving You

text: Gibson wrote both "I Can't Stop Loving You" and "Oh, Lonesome Me" on June 7, 1957, in Knoxville, Tennessee. "I sat down to write a lost love ballad," Gibson said in Dorothy Horstman's 1975 book "Sing Your Heart Out, Country Boy." "After writing several lines to the song, I looked back and saw the line 'I can't stop loving you.' I said, 'That would be a good title,' so I went ahead and rewrote it in its present form."


title: I Can't Stop Loving You

text: The song was covered by Ray Charles in 1962, featured on Charles' "Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music", and released as a single. Charles' version reached number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1962, for five weeks. This version went to number one on the U.S. R&B and Adult Contemporary charts. "Billboard" ranked it as the No. 2 song for 1962. Charles reached No. 1 in the UK Singles Chart in July 1962, staying for two weeks. In Sweden it was the first number one single on the sales chart Kvällstoppen on July 10, 1962.


title: I Can't Stop Loving You

text: The Ray Charles version is noted for his saying the words before the last five lines of the song on the final chorus: "Sing the song, children". Choral backing was provided by The Randy Van Horne Singers. It was ranked No. 164 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and No. 49 on CMT's "100 Greatest Songs in Country Music".


title: I Can't Stop Loving You

text: This recording was featured in "Metropolis (2001 film)", where it can be heard during the explosion of the skyscraper Ziggurat shortly after the climax.


title: I Can't Stop Loving You

text: The song has been recorded by many other artists. Some recordings are titled as "I Can't Stop Lovin' You" (with or without an apostrophe).


title: Mike Gibbins

text: Michael George Gibbins (12 March 1949 – 4 October 2005) was a Welsh musician, most notable for being the drummer of Badfinger.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: Mike Gibbins was born on 12 March 1949 in Swansea, Wales. He began playing drums at age 14, and joined his first band, "The Club 4" in the early 1960s. He played around South Wales for a time with a group called "The Misfits" before auditioning for the rival Welsh band The Iveys in 1964.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: Iveys member Ron Griffiths invited Gibbins to audition for the group in 1964, when Gibbins was 15. Members Pete Ham, Dai Jenkins, and Griffiths subsequently invited Gibbins, who reluctantly had to cut his hair from a rocker style to that of a mod in order to join. In 1966, Tom Evans replaced Jenkins, and in 1968, The Iveys were signed to the Beatles' Apple Records. In 1969, Paul McCartney produced the song "Come and Get It" for The Iveys, who prior to its release, changed their name to Badfinger and replaced Griffiths with guitarist Joey Molland.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: After the success of "Come and Get It", Badfinger enjoyed success with hit songs "No Matter What", "Day After Day", and "Baby Blue". From early on, Gibbins began to contribute songs to the albums, despite often being overshadowed by the compositions of the other members, particularly Ham. Gibbins briefly left the group in 1972 to record a solo album with friends in Wales, but abandoned the project to return to Badfinger. Gibbins wrote "It Had to Be" for the album "No Dice", "Cowboy" for the album "Ass", "My Heart Goes Out" for the "self-titled" album of 1974, and the songs "You're So Fine" and the first half of the medley "In the Meantime/Some Other Time" for the album "Wish You Were Here". With the exceptions of "It Had to Be" and "Your So Fine", Gibbins also contributed lead vocals on his songs. He also composed and sang the originally unreleased songs "Loving You" (from the unreleased sessions for the album "Straight Up"), "Rockin' Machine", and "Back Again" (from the unreleased album "Head First"). All of these recordings have now been issued on CD.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: During his tenure with Badfinger, Gibbins - along with the other members of the band - contributed musically to the George Harrison album "All Things Must Pass", and played at The Concert for Bangladesh. While working on "All Things Must Pass", producer Phil Spector recognized Gibbins' talent at playing the tambourine, earning Gibbins the nickname "Mr. Tambourine Man" after the Bob Dylan song.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: After Pete Ham's suicide in 1975, Badfinger broke up and Gibbins found work as a session drummer in Wales. One of the more notable songs that Gibbins played on during this time was "It's a Heartache" by Bonnie Tyler.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: In 1978, Joey Molland and Tom Evans reunited as Badfinger. They contacted Gibbins, who flew to Los Angeles to record for the album "Airwaves", but after disagreeing with its producer, Gibbins walked out of the sessions and was replaced by a session drummer. Gibbins did not participate in the final Badfinger album, "Say No More".


title: Mike Gibbins

text: After Evans and Molland split in 1982, Gibbins joined Evans and Bob Jackson to create another Badfinger to rival that of Molland. Gibbins soon quit, and Evans committed suicide in 1983. A year later, Gibbins, Jackson, and Molland toured as Badfinger for a brief period.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: Gibbins reunited as Badfinger with Molland for a few tours beginning in 1986, but retired from touring soon after to spend more time with his family. He recommenced touring in the late 1990s, starting his own band Madfinger which featured ex-Iveys bassist Ron Griffiths.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: Gibbins released four albums later in his life, "A Place in Time", "More Annoying Songs," "Archeology" and "In the Meantime" featuring his own compositions.


title: Mike Gibbins

text: Gibbins died from a brain aneurysm in his sleep at his Florida home on 4 October 2005 at the age of 56. Speaking of his bandmate, Molland said "I spoke to Mike on Monday afternoon. He was in good spirits and we were looking forward to seeing each other at the 'Bangladesh' re-release event on Oct. 17. Mike and I had a falling out some time ago but we had been very much in touch with each other over the last five or six months, I'm happy to say, and we were starting to talk about the future. When we talked it was usually about the Badfinger business both past and future. He was still angry that Peter had committed suicide rather than sticking it out. Mike was a great friend to us all, a great rock drummer, father and husband. Courageous and honest in all things, he will be sorely missed by all who knew him."


title: David Rawlings

text: David Todd Rawlings (born December 31, 1969) is an American guitarist, singer, and record producer. He is known for his partnership with singer and songwriter Gillian Welch. He and Welch were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 91st Academy Awards for "When a Cowboy Trades His Spurs for Wings" from "The Ballad of Buster Scruggs". In 2020, Welch and Rawlings released "All the Good Times (Are Past & Gone)", which won the 2021 Grammy Award for Best Folk Album.


title: David Rawlings

text: Rawlings attended the Berklee College of Music and studied with Lauren Passarelli. He produced albums by Gillian Welch, Willie Watson, Dawes, and Old Crow Medicine Show. He leads the Dave Rawlings Machine with Gillian Welch, Willie Watson, Paul Kowert, and Brittany Haas. John Paul Jones of Led Zeppelin has been known to play mandolin with the band occasionally. Rawlings contributed to the albums "Cassadaga" by Bright Eyes, "Spooked" by Robyn Hitchcock, and "Heartbreaker" by Ryan Adams, with whom he wrote two songs, "To Be Young (Is to Be Sad, Is to Be High)" and "Touch, Feel and Lose". His vocal style has often been compared to that of Bob Dylan.


title: David Rawlings

text: The Dave Rawlings Machine album "A Friend of a Friend" was released on November 17, 2009. Rawlings recorded the album in Nashville, and produced it himself. Gillian Welch is credited as a co-writer on five of the album's songs as well playing in the band with members of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Old Crow Medicine Show, and Bright Eyes. The album features a medley of a Neil Young and Bright Eyes song, as well as songs Rawlings co-wrote with Ryan Adams and Old Crow Medicine Show. Morgan Nagler (of the band Whispertown) is credited with co-writing the song "Sweet Tooth".


title: David Rawlings

text: In 2015 Dave Rawlings Machine released a second album, "Nashville Obsolete". The album was named to Rolling Stone's list of the top 40 country albums of 2016. In late 2016 Acony issued "Boots No 1: The Official Revival Bootleg", a deluxe version of the 1996 Welch album considered a "modern Americana classic" and the first collaboration for the duo.


title: David Rawlings

text: "Poor David's Almanack", released on August 11, 2017 via Acony Records, is the eighth collaborative LP for Rawlings and Welch and the first under the name David Rawlings. In addition to Welch and Watson, the backup band includes Brittany Haas, Paul Kowert, Ketch Secor of Old Crow Medicine Show, and Taylor and Griffin Goldsmith of Dawes. The album was recorded with Ken Scott and Matt Andrews at the Rawlings/Welch duo's Woodland Sound Studios in Nashville. The album features an original woodcut piece by Gillian Welch on the cover and was notably the first vinyl release on Welch and Rawlings' Acony record label.


title: David Rawlings

text: "Cumberland Gap" was used as the opening song to Guy Richie's 2019 film, "The Gentlemen". It was nominated for Best American Roots Song at the 2018 Grammy Awards.


title: David Rawlings

text: In July 2020, Rawlings and Welch announced "All the Good Times (Are Past & Gone)", an album of covers and traditional songs recorded at their home during the COVID-19 lockdowns of 2020. "All the Good Times" is notably the first album in their decades-long history of collaboration to be released jointly in both of their names. The album won the 2021 Grammy Award for Best Folk Album.


title: David Rawlings

text: Rawlings achieves his signature guitar sound flatpicking a small archtop guitar. The 1935 Epiphone Olympic that has been his primary instrument was a mid-priced guitar for its time, with a carved arched solid sprucewood top, carved arched solid mahogany back and mahogany sides. It sold for about $35 in 1935 (). The guitar's lower bout measures 13 5/8 inches wide, and it has three piece f-holes.


title: David Rawlings

text: Rawlings "scavenged" the guitar from a friend's garage and is now hardly seen playing anything else. As he states, "I just picked it up. It was filthy, and it didn't have strings. You could just see the shape of it under the sawdust." Rawlings had a new one piece bridge made for it and brought it to a recording session for the Welch's first record. "As soon as I heard it through the microphone and through the speakers I was like, 'I love this guitar.'" he says.


The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of "The d'Artagnan Romances", following "The Three Musketeers" and "Twenty Years After". It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.


title: The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later

text: In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usually subdivided into three, but sometimes four or even six individual books. In three-volume English editions the volumes are entitled "The Vicomte de Bragelonne", "Louise de la Vallière", and "The Man in the Iron Mask". Each volume is roughly the length of the original "The Three Musketeers" (1844).


text: In four-volume editions volume names remain except that "Louise de la Vallière" and "The Man in the Iron Mask" move from second and third volumes to third and fourth, with "Ten Years Later" becoming the second volume.


text: Set in the 1660s and concerned with the early reign of Louis XIV, the novel has been called an "origins" story of the King, "a tale about the education of a young man who went on to rule for over 70 years and become one of France's most beloved monarchs." Naturally, in a novel about Dumas' musketeers, the characters play an important role in Louis' education.


text: The principal heroes of the novel are the musketeers. The novel's length finds it frequently broken into smaller parts. The narrative is set between 1660 and 1673 against the background of the transformation of Louis XIV from child monarch to Sun King.


text: After 35 years of loyal service, d'Artagnan resigns as lieutenant of the Musketeers as he perceives the young king Louis XIV as weak-willed. He resolves to aid the exiled Charles II to retake the throne of England, unaware that Athos is attempting the same. With their assistance Charles II is restored to the throne and d'Artagnan is rewarded richly.


text: In France, Cardinal Mazarin has died, leaving Louis to assume power with Jean-Baptiste Colbert as his finance minister. Colbert has an intense hatred for his superior the king's Superintendent of Finances, Nicolas Fouquet, and tries to bring about his fall. He brings to the king's attention that Fouquet is fortifying his fief of Belle Île secretly. Louis persuades d'Artagnan to re-enter his service, and tasks him to investigate Belle Île, promising him a substantial salary and promotion to Captain of the King's Musketeers on his return. Louis, finally growing into a decisive ruler, also accepts an offer relayed by Athos from Charles II to marry Louis' brother Philippe I, Duke of Orléans to Charles' sister Henrietta Anne Stuart.


text: D'Artagnan confirms that Belle Île is being fortified and the architect ostensibly in charge is Porthos, though the drawings show the handwriting of Aramis, who is now the bishop of Vannes. Aramis, suspicious of d'Artagnan, sends Porthos back to Paris to warn Fouquet, whilst tricking d'Artagnan into searching for Porthos around Vannes. Porthos warns Fouquet in the nick of time, and he cedes Belle Île to the king, humiliating Colbert. On returning from the mission, d'Artagnan is made Captain of the King's Musketeers anyway.


text: Meanwhile, Princess Henrietta arrives in France escorted by the second Duke of Buckingham, to be met by an embassy consisting of Raoul de Bragelonne, the illegitimate son of Athos; his close friend Armand de Gramont, Comte de Guiche; and the Comte de Wardes, son of the previous Comte de Wardes from "The Three Musketeers". The erratic Buckingham is madly in love with the princess and can scarcely conceal it, while Guiche soon finds himself equally smitten. Philippe, though little attracted to women, becomes horribly jealous of Buckingham and has him exiled after the wedding.


text: This part mostly concerns romantic events at the court of Louis XIV. Raoul de Bragelonne finds his childhood sweetheart, Louise de La Vallière, is maid of honour to the Princess. Fearing a tarnishing of Louise's reputation by affairs at court, Raoul seeks to marry her. His father, Athos, the Comte de la Fère, disapproves, but eventually, out of love for his son, reluctantly agrees. The king, however, refuses to sanction the marriage because Louise is of inferior social status, and so marriage is delayed.


text: Meanwhile, the struggle for power begins between Fouquet and Colbert. Louis attempts to impoverish Fouquet by asking for money to pay for a grand fête at Fontainebleau. Meanwhile, Aramis meets the governor of the Bastille M. de Baisemeaux, and learns of a secret prisoner who bears a striking resemblance to Louis XIV. Aramis uses this secret to persuade the dying general of the Jesuits to name him his successor.


text: After Buckingham leaves France, the Comte de Guiche grows besotted with Henrietta, as soon does Louis XIV. To avoid her new husband being jealous Henrietta suggests that the king choose a young lady at court to act as a smokescreen for their flirtation. They select Louise de la Vallière for this part, but during the fête, the king overhears Louise confess her attraction for him to friends, and promptly forgets his affection for Henrietta. That same night Henrietta hears de Guiche confess his love for her to Raoul. The two pursue their own love affair. Aware of Louise's attachment, the king sends Raoul to England indefinitely as a diplomatic envoy.


text: Rumours of the king's love affair cause friction with de Wardes, who has inherited from his father a hatred of d'Artagnan and all those associated with him. De Guiche is forced to fight a duel with him and is defeated and seriously wounded. The incident is the last straw for Madame Henrietta who resolves to dismiss Louise from her service as Maid of Honour. The king dissuades Henrietta, but she prevents the king from seeing Louise. The king circumvents Henrietta, and so she contacts her brother King Charles II, imploring him to eject Raoul from England. On his return to France, Raoul is heartbroken to discover Louise in the arms of the king.


text: Athos finds out everything and spits his contempt at Louis XIV. The young King orders Athos's imprisonment, but D'Artagnan convinces him to release him.


text: Dumas constructs the plot around the notion that the Man in the Iron Mask is the twin brother of Louis XIV, Philippe, who had been concealed and imprisoned from birth by his father, Louis XIII, and his mother, Anne of Austria, "for the good of France". Only a very few people living at the start of the novel know of Philippe's existence; these include his mother, Anne, and her former confidante, the Duchesse de Chevreuse. Chevreuse has let the secret slip to Aramis when they had an affair.


text: Aramis plots to replace Louis with Philippe as a puppet ruler for himself and Fouquet, and even intends to become in turn the next Pope.


text: Through an elaborate subterfuge mounted by Aramis, Philippe replaces a prisoner due for release from the Bastille and escapes to Vaux. Meanwhile, Fouquet is throwing a lavish party for Louis at Vaux. Colbert poisons the king further against Fouquet.


text: While the king is still visiting Fouquet at Vaux, Aramis initiates the second half of his plan and abducts Louis, imprisoning Louis in the Bastille in Philippe's place. He then substitutes Philippe for the King. Porthos is an uncomprehending accomplice in all this, believing that he is removing an impostor instead of the real king.


text: Aramis conspiratorially informs Fouquet of his acts, but Fouquet wants no part in such treachery and rushes to the Bastille, rescues Louis, and brings him back to Vaux to confront Philippe. Realising that his plot has unravelled, Aramis flees for Belle Île to escape the king's impending wrath, taking Porthos with him. Louis regains the throne with d'Artagnan's help, ending Philippe's brief reign. Louis banishes Philippe, ordering that "he will cover his face with an iron visor" which he "cannot raise without peril of his life."


text: Athos and Raoul meet Aramis and Porthos who relate their predicament before receiving horses to aid their journey to Belle Île. They next meet the Duc de Beaufort, on his way to Algiers for an expedition against the Barbary corsairs. Raoul, devastated by the king's love affair with Louise, volunteers to join the Duc in his expedition. Soon Raoul is off to war in North Africa, and Athos is retired.


text: Despite Fouquet's refusal to go along with Aramis's plot, Louis orders d'Artagnan to arrest him, which he manages following an epic chase. Louis then orders d'Artagnan to arrest Porthos and Aramis. D'Artagnan feigns compliance whilst secretly giving his friends time to escape. However, Colbert discerns d'Artagnan's sympathies and undermines him. D'Artagnan resigns on learning that prisoners are to be executed immediately once arrested.


text: Attempting an escape from Belle Île, Porthos is killed, while Aramis escapes to sea, remorseful for the first time in his life. Meanwhile, Athos returns to his estates and lapses into decline. On hearing that Raoul has died in action at Gigelli, Athos succumbs to grief and dies. Meanwhile, the detained d'Artagnan is freed by King Louis and reinstated. He learns of Porthos' death and Aramis' escape.


text: Thanks to the secret power of the Jesuits, which he now commands, Aramis reaches Spain and becomes her ambassador to France. Louise de la Vallière is eventually supplanted in the king's affections by her erstwhile friend Madame de Montespan. Louis grows in power and stature and embarks on a military campaign against the Dutch Republic, with d'Artagnan commanding the offensive. D'Artagnan is wounded in battle at the Siege of Maastricht moments after reading he is to be made Marshal of France. His final words: "Athos, Porthos, au revoir! Aramis, adieu forever!" While these final words are fictional, the historical Charles de Batz de Castelmore d'Artagnan on whom Dumas' character is based was indeed killed at Maastricht.


text: French academic Jean-Yves Tadié has argued that the beginning of King Louis XIV's personal rule is the novel's real subject.


text: In his essay "On a Romance of Dumas's", author and critic Robert Louis Stevenson wrote that "it is in the character of D'Artagnan, that we must look for the spirit of morality, which is one of the main joys of its perusal, and sets it high above more popular rivals."


text: However, Arthur F. Davidson argues in "Alexandre Dumas: His Life and Works" that "The Vicomte" is truly the story of Porthos, whose character was informed by Dumas' own experiences and his father's: "The modern reader may draw back aghast at the six volumes of "Le Vicomte de Bragelonne", but he will have missed the best part of the Musketeer cycle should he fail to read those pages which describe the end of Porthos."


text: The third section of the novel, "The Man in the Iron Mask", has been adapted many times in film, television and other media; see Man in the Iron Mask#In popular culture.


text: The three-part fantasy novel "The Viscount of Adrilankha" (2002–2004) by Steven Brust is loosely based on "The Vicomte de Bragelonne".


title: Abhirami Venkatachalam

text: Abhirami Venkatachalam (9 March 1991) is an Indian actress who works prominently in Tamil film industry. She appeared in the first season of the spin-off version of "Bigg Boss Tamil" called "Bigg Boss Ultimate (season 1)" and emerged as the 5th runner up.


title: Abhirami Venkatachalam

text: Abhirami Iyer started her career as a model and won the Miss Tamil Nadu title. In 2016, she starred in the web series "Ctrl Alt Delete". The following year, she hosted the reality show "Star Wars" on Sun TV. Abhirami made her acting debut in Anand Shankar's "NOTA" (2018), portraying the love interest of the characters portrayed by senior actors Nassar and Sathyaraj. She then appeared "Kalavu" and portrayed one of the leads in the film. That same year, she participated in the third season of the reality show Bigg Boss Tamil. After auditioning for several films including "Kaatru Veliyidai" and "Vikram Vedha", she landed a role in "Nerkonda Paarvai" (2019). In a review of the film by "The Week", the critic noted that "Abhirami is at her best when she shouts and cries in the courtroom". She starred in the web series "Iru Dhruvam" in 2019 with Nandha. She had also auditioned for the lead heroine in "Dhruva Natchathiram" before she was signed to portray a supporting role. She has also signed the Malaysian Tamil film titled "Gajen" and an untitled film with Aari Arjuna.


title: Ta13oo

text: Ta13oo (stylized TA13OO and pronounced "Taboo") is the third studio album by American rapper Denzel Curry. It was released on July 27, 2018, through PH Recordings and distributed by Loma Vista Recordings. The album serves as the follow-up to Curry's second studio album, "Imperial", released in 2016, and the "13" EP, released in 2017. "Ta13oo" features guest appearances from Twelve'len, GoldLink, Nyyjerya, JID, JPEGMafia, ZillaKami, and additional vocals by Billie Eilish. Production was handled by FnZ, DJ Dahi, Ronny J, Illmind, Charlie Heat, and Mickey de Grand IV, among others.


title: Ta13oo

text: "Ta13oo" was supported by five singles: "Sumo", "Percs", "Clout Cobain", "Vengeance", and "Black Balloons". The album received widespread acclaim from critics.


title: Ta13oo

text: In an interview with Zane Lowe, Denzel Curry described the structure of the album: "I was in a dark space when I was working on the dark part. I was tryna work on the light part when I was working toward my happiness."


title: Ta13oo

text: A statement accompanying the music video to "Clout Cobain" stated: "Across the three sections of "Ta13oo", Denzel explores topics including molestation, the presidential election, fame, hatred, paranoia, revenge, love, the current state of music and personal tales of his own near-death experiences. Sonically, the album ranges just as widely as its subject matter, sounds of paranoia, fear of loss, brooding melancholy and mood swings straight from hell all find their way onto "Ta13oo"."


title: Ta13oo

text: The first single, "Sumo", was released on March 30, 2018 for streaming and digital download. The second single, "Percs", was released on May 25, 2018. The third single, "Clout Cobain", was released on July 12, 2018, alongside a music video. "Black Balloons" and "Cash Maniac" were made available for digital download as promotional singles on July 23 and 24, 2018.


title: Ta13oo

text: The album was released as three acts consecutively between July 25 and 27, 2018, with the album released in its totality on July 27, 2018. Subsequently, "Vengeance" was released as a single on September 5, 2018, while "Black Balloons" was promoted on March 27, 2019.


title: Ta13oo

text: "Ta13oo" was met with widespread critical acclaim. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from professional publications, the album received an average score of 86, based on six reviews.


title: Ta13oo

text: Marshall Gu of "Pretty Much Amazing" wrote, "Ultimately, easily one of the most simultaneously hardest and atmospheric hip-hop albums of the year". In his review for "HipHopDX", Justin Ivey praised the album, writing, "Curry has constructed a project that plays to the sonic structures of the era without sacrificing meaningful content in doing so. "TA13OO" is the culmination of his promise and talent, resulting in Curry's magnum opus". Sputnikmusic's critic Jordan M. said, "Realistically, "Ta13oo" is extremely satisfying from a consumption standpoint. It's everything I'd want from a rap album this year". Concluding his review for AllMusic, Neil Z. Yeung stated that "With this additional substance and strategic guest contributions, Curry is elevated on "TA13OO" -- despite this deep dive into despair and darkness -- hinting at more insight on future efforts".


title: Ta13oo

text: In a positive review, Dean Van Nguyen of "Pitchfork" wrote that "It's when he sticks to the highly personal that Curry's music is devoid of all cliché—the power of his performance, the veracity of his pen, and the color of his wordplay make him an expert at voicing the tribulations of this doomed condition we call being young. All of this makes him impossible to place in the broader SoundCloud rap domain. Signs point to an artist who will outlast any single distribution platform—or any of the genres named for them". Trey Alston of "Highsnobiety" gave the album a favorable review, writing, "To call it psychedelic is a cliché, but the album is a multi-part, constantly-moving, collection of harsh emotions with a funky twist that works, even if the final leg slows down the momentum a tad".


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: A Bland–Altman plot (difference plot) in analytical chemistry or biomedicine is a method of data plotting used in analyzing the agreement between two different assays. It is identical to a Tukey mean-difference plot, the name by which it is known in other fields, but was popularised in medical statistics by J. Martin Bland and Douglas G. Altman.


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: Bland and Altman drive the point that any two methods that are designed to measure the same parameter (or property) should have good correlation when a set of samples are chosen such that the property to be determined varies considerably. A high correlation for any two methods designed to measure the same property could thus in itself just be a sign that one has chosen a widespread sample. A high correlation does not necessarily imply that there is good agreement between the two methods.


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: Consider a sample consisting of formula_1 observations (for example, objects of unknown volume). Both assays (for example, different methods of volume measurement) are performed on each sample, resulting in formula_2 data points. Each of the formula_1 samples is then represented on the graph by assigning the mean of the two measurements as the formula_4-value, and the difference between the two values as the formula_5-value.


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: The Cartesian coordinates of a given sample formula_6 with values of formula_7 and formula_8 determined by the two assays is


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: For comparing the dissimilarities between the two sets of samples independently from their mean values, it is more appropriate to look at the ratio of the pairs of measurements. Log transformation (base 2) of the measurements before the analysis will enable the standard approach to be used; so the plot will be given by the following equation:


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: One primary application of the Bland–Altman plot is to compare two clinical measurements each of which produced some error in their measures. It can also be used to compare a new measurement technique or method with a gold standard, as even a gold standard does not—and should not—imply it to be without error. See Analyse-it, MedCalc, NCSS, GraphPad Prism, R, or StatsDirect for software providing Bland–Altman plots.


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: Bland–Altman plots are extensively used to evaluate the agreement among two different instruments or two measurements techniques. Bland–Altman plots allow identification of any systematic difference between the measurements (i.e., fixed bias) or possible outliers. The mean difference is the estimated bias, and the SD of the differences measures the random fluctuations around this mean. If the mean value of the difference differs significantly from 0 on the basis of a 1-sample t-test, this indicates the presence of fixed bias. If there is a consistent bias, it can be adjusted for by subtracting the mean difference from the new method. It is common to compute 95% limits of agreement for each comparison (average difference ± 1.96 standard deviation of the difference), which tells us how far apart measurements by two methods were more likely to be for most individuals. If the differences within mean ± 1.96 SD are not clinically important, the two methods may be used interchangeably. The 95% limits of agreement can be unreliable estimates of the population parameters especially for small sample sizes so, when comparing methods or assessing repeatability, it is important to calculate confidence intervals for 95% limits of agreement. This can be done by Bland and Altman's approximate method or by more precise methods.


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: Bland–Altman plots were also used to investigate any possible relationship of the discrepancies between the measurements and the true value (i.e., proportional bias). The existence of proportional bias indicates that the methods do not agree equally through the range of measurements (i.e., the limits of agreement will depend on the actual measurement). To evaluate this relationship formally, the difference between the methods should be regressed on the average of the 2 methods. When a relationship between the differences and the true value was identified (i.e., a significant slope of the regression line), regression-based 95% limits of agreement should be provided.


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: A similar method was proposed in 1981 by Eksborg. This method was based on Deming regression—a method introduced by Adcock in 1878.


title: Bland–Altman plot

text: Bland and Altman's Lancet paper was number 29 in a list of the top 100 most-cited papers of all time with over 23,000 citations.


title: Rhizobium

text: Rhizobium is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. "Rhizobium" species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants.


title: Rhizobium

text: The bacteria colonize plant cells within root nodules, where they convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia using the enzyme nitrogenase and then provide organic nitrogenous compounds such as glutamine or ureides to the plant. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with organic compounds made by photosynthesis. This mutually beneficial relationship is true of all of the rhizobia, of which the genus "Rhizobium" is a typical example. "Rhizobium" is also capable to solubilize phosphorus.


title: Rhizobium

text: Martinus Beijerinck was the first to isolate and cultivate a microorganism from the nodules of legumes in 1888. He named it "Bacillus radicicola", which is now placed in "Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology" under the genus "Rhizobium".


title: Rhizobium

text: "Rhizobium" forms a symbiotic relationship with certain plants such as legumes, fixing nitrogen from the air into ammonia, which acts as a natural fertilizer for the plants. Current research is being conducted by Agricultural Research Service microbiologists to discover a way to use "Rhizobium"’s biological nitrogen fixation. This research involves the genetic mapping of various rhizobial species with their respective symbiotic plant species, like alfalfa or soybean. The goal of this research is to increase the plants’ productivity without using fertilizers.


title: Rhizobium

text: In molecular biology, "Rhizobium" has also been identified as a contaminant of DNA extraction kit reagents and ultrapure water systems, which may lead to its erroneous appearance in microbiota or metagenomic datasets. The presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria as contaminants may be due to the use of nitrogen gas in ultra-pure water production to inhibit microbial growth in storage tanks.


title: Rhizobium

text: Species in "parentheses" have been described, but not validated according to the Bacteriological Code.


title: Rhizobium

text: The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis.


title: Tonkin

text: Tonkin, also spelled "Tongkin", "Tonquin" or "Tongking", is an exonym referring to the northern region of Vietnam. During the 17th and 18th centuries, this term referred to the domain Đàng Ngoài under Trịnh lords' control, including both the Northern and Thanh-Nghệ regions, north of the Gianh River. From 1884 to early 1945, this term was used for the French protectorate of Tonkin, composed of only the Northern region.


title: Tonkin

text: "Tonkin" is a Western rendition of 東京 "Đông Kinh", meaning 'Eastern Capital'. This was the name of the capital of the Lê dynasty (present-day Hanoi). Locally, Tonkin is nowadays known as "miền Bắc", or "Bắc Bộ" (北部), meaning 'Northern Region'.


title: Tonkin

text: The name was used from 1883 to 1945 for the French protectorate of Tonkin (Vietnamese: "Bắc Kỳ" 北圻), a constituent territory of French Indochina.


title: Tonkin

text: It is south of Yunnan (Vân Nam) and Guangxi (Quảng Tây) Provinces of China; east of northern Laos and west of the Gulf of Tonkin.


title: Tonkin

text: The area was called Văn Lang from around 2000−200 BC. Evidence of the earliest established society in northern Vietnam, along with the Đông Sơn culture, was discovered in the Cổ Loa Citadel area, located near present-day Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam.


title: Tonkin

text: According to Vietnamese myths the first Vietnamese peoples descended from the Dragon Lord Lạc Long Quân and the Immortal Fairy Âu Cơ. Lạc Long Quân and Âu Cơ had 100 sons before they decided to part ways. 50 of the children went with their mother to the snow-capped mountains, and the other 50 went with their father who preferred the four seasons by the sea. The eldest son became the first in a line of earliest Vietnamese kings, collectively known as the Hùng kings of the Hồng Bàng dynasty. The country was called Văn Lang and its people were referred to as the Lạc Việt.


title: Tonkin

text: By the 3rd century BC, another Viet group, the Âu Việt, emigrated to the Red River delta and mixed with the indigenous population. A new kingdom, Âu Lạc, emerged as the union of the Âu Việt and the Lạc Việt, with Thục Phán proclaiming himself An Dương Vương.


title: Tonkin

text: Âu Lạc was annexed into Nam Việt kingdom of Triệu Đà. After the Triệu dynasty, this region started to be officially under Chinese rule. In pre-Tang times Tonkin was the port of call for ships on the South China Sea, though the center of commerce later moved north to Guangdong.


title: Tonkin

text: The victory of Ngô Quyền at the Battle of Bạch Đằng in 938 ushered a new era of independence of Vietnam. The Ngô dynasty was followed by the Đinh, Early Lê, Lý, Trần, and Hồ.


title: Tonkin

text: Lê Lợi (reigned 1428–1433), a notable land owner in the Lam Sơn region, had a following of more than 1,000 people before rising up against the Chinese Ming dynasty. Following his victory he mounted the throne and established himself in the city of Thăng Long ('Ascending Dragon'), present Hà Nội. Thăng Long was also called "Đông Kinh" 東京, meaning 'Eastern Capital' (東京 is identical in meaning and written form in Chinese characters to that of Tokyo).


title: Tonkin

text: During the 17th and 18th centuries, Westerners commonly used the name Tonkin (from "Đông Kinh") to refer to "Đàng Ngoài" in the North, ruled by the Trịnh lords. "Đàng Ngoài", or "Bắc Hà", included not only the delta of the Red River, but also the deltas of the Mã River and Cả River. Meanwhile, Cochinchina or Quinan was used to refer to "Đàng Trong" in the South, ruled by the Nguyễn lords; and Annam, from the name of the former Chinese province, was used to refer to Vietnam as a whole.


title: Tonkin

text: After French assistance to Nguyễn Ánh to unify Vietnam under the Nguyễn dynasty, the French Navy began its heavy presence in Lower Cochinchina, including Saigon, and later colonized the whole of this southern third of Vietnam in 1867.


title: Tonkin

text: During the Sino-French War (1884–1885), Tonkin, then considered a crucial foothold in Southeast Asia and a key to the Chinese market, was invaded by the French in the Tonkin Campaign. It was colonized as the French protectorate of Tonkin, and was gradually separated from the French protectorate of Annam, with Vietnam being effectively separated into three parts.


title: Tonkin

text: During French colonial rule within French Indochina, Hanoi was the capital of Tonkin protectorate, and in 1901 became the capital of all French Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, & Vietnam). French colonial administration ruled until 9 March 1945, with 1941-1945 during the World War II Japanese occupation of Vietnam. French administration was allowed by the Japanese as a puppet government. Japan briefly took full control of Vietnam in March 1945, as the Empire of Vietnam. Tonkin became a site of the Vietnamese famine of 1945 during this period.


title: Tonkin

text: After the end of World War II, French rule returned over French Indochina. The Northern part of Vietnam became a stronghold for the communist Viet Minh. Hanoi was later reoccupied by the French and conflict between the Viet Minh and France broke out into the First Indochina War. In 1949 it came under the authority of the State of Vietnam, a new associated state of the French Union.


title: Tonkin

text: After the French defeat at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu in western Tonkin in 1954, the communist nation of North Vietnam was formed, consisting of Tonkin and northern Annam. The State of Vietnam's territory was reduced to the southern half of the country, becoming South Vietnam.


title: The Lady in Dignity

text: The Lady in Dignity () is a South Korean television series starring Kim Hee-sun, Kim Sun-ah, Jung Sang-hoon with Lee Tae-im and Lee Ki-woo. The series aired on cable network JTBC on Fridays and Saturdays at 23:00 (KST) time slot from June 16 to August 19, 2017. It became one of the highest-rated Korean dramas in cable television history.


title: The Lady in Dignity

text: The story of an elegant Cheongdam-dong woman named Woo Ah-jin (Kim Hee-sun), who relished a life of luxury by marrying a quasi-chaebol son, until Park Bok-ja (Kim Sun-ah) walks into her life.


title: The Lady in Dignity

text: Culture critic Jung Duk-hyun says that the drama is not just a soap opera about couples' affairs, but a "social drama" where the two women's confrontation symbolizes the power and class structures of the society.


title: The Lady in Dignity

text: Due to its popularity, JTBC did a rerun of the series from October 2–6, 2017 with four-episode marathon per day starting from 7:00 (KST).


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Free association is the expression (as by speaking or writing) of the content of consciousness without censorship as an aid in gaining access to unconscious processes. The technique is used in psychoanalysis (and also in psychodynamic theory) which was originally devised by Sigmund Freud out of the hypnotic method of his mentor and colleague, Josef Breuer.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Freud described it as such: "The importance of free association is that the patients spoke for themselves, rather than repeating the ideas of the analyst; they work through their own material, rather than parroting another's suggestions".


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Freud developed the technique as an alternative to hypnosis, because he perceived the latter as subjected to more fallibility, and because patients could recover and comprehend crucial memories while fully conscious. However, Freud felt that despite a subject's effort to remember, a certain resistance kept him or her from the most painful and important memories. He eventually came to the view that certain items were completely repressed, cordoned off and relegated only to the unconscious realm of the mind. The new technique was also encouraged by his experiences with "Miss Elisabeth", one of his early clients who protested against interruptions of her flow of thought, that was described by his official biographer Ernest Jones as "one of the countless examples of a patient's furthering the physician's work".


title: Free association (psychology)

text: "There can be no exact date for the discovery of the 'free association' method... it developed very gradually between 1892 and 1895, becoming steadily refined and purified from the adjutants - hypnosis, suggestion, pressing, and questioning - that accompanied it at its inception".


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Subsequently, in "The Interpretation of Dreams", Freud cites as a precursor of free association a letter from Schiller, the letter maintaining that, "where there is a creative mind, Reason - so it seems to me - relaxes its watch upon the gates, and the ideas rush in pell-mell". Freud would later also mention as a possible influence an essay by Ludwig Börne, suggesting that to foster creativity you "write down, without any falsification or hypocrisy, everything that comes into your head".


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Other potential influences in the development of this technique include Husserl's version of epoche and the work of Sir Francis Galton. It has been argued that Galton is the progenitor of free association, and that Freud adopted the technique from Galton's reports published in the journal "Brain", of which Freud was a subscriber. Free association also shares some features with the idea of stream of consciousness, employed by writers such as Virginia Woolf and Marcel Proust: "all stream-of-consciousness fiction is greatly dependent on the principles of free association".


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Freud called free association "this fundamental technical rule of analysis... We instruct the patient to put himself into a state of quiet, unreflecting self-observation, and to report to us whatever internal observations he is able to make" - taking care not to "exclude any of them, whether on the ground that it is too "disagreeable" or too "indiscreet" to say, or that it is too "unimportant" or "irrelevant", or that it is "nonsensical" and need not be said".


title: Free association (psychology)

text: The psychoanalyst James Strachey (1887-1967) considered free association as 'the first instrument for the scientific examination of the human mind'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: In free association, psychoanalytic patients are invited to relate whatever comes into their minds during the analytic session, and not to censor their thoughts. This technique is intended to help the patient learn more about what he or she thinks and feels, in an atmosphere of non-judgmental curiosity and acceptance. Psychoanalysis assumes that people are often conflicted between their need to learn about themselves, and their (conscious or unconscious) fears of and defenses against change and self-exposure. The method of "free association" has no linear or preplanned agenda, but works by intuitive leaps and linkages which may lead to new personal insights and meanings: 'the logic of association is a form of unconscious thinking'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: When used in this spirit, free association is a technique in which neither therapist nor patient knows in advance exactly where the conversation will lead, but it tends to lead to material that matters very much to the patient. 'In spite of the seeming confusion and lack of connection...meanings and connections begin to appear out of the disordered skein of thoughts...some central themes'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: The goal of free association is not to unearth specific answers or memories, but to instigate a journey of co-discovery which can enhance the patient's integration of thought, feeling, agency, and selfhood.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Free association is contrasted with Freud's "Fundamental Rule" of psychoanalysis. Whereas free association is one of many techniques (along with dream interpretation and analysis of parapraxis), the fundamental rule is a pledge undertaken by the client. Freud used the following analogy to describe free association to his clients: "Act as though, for instance, you were a traveler sitting next to the window of a railway carriage and describing to someone inside the carriage the changing views which you see outside." The fundamental rule is something the client agrees to at the beginning of analysis, and it is an underlying oath that is intended to continue throughout analysis: the client must promise to be honest in every respect. The pledge to the fundamental rule was articulated by Freud: "Finally, never forget that you have promised to be absolutely honest, and never leave anything out because, for some reason or other, it is unpleasant to tell it."


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Freud's eventual practice of psychoanalysis focused not so much on the recall of these memories as on the internal mental conflicts which kept them buried deep within the mind. However, the technique of free association still plays a role today in therapeutic practice and in the study of the mind.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: The use of free association was intended to help discover notions that a patient had developed, initially, at an unconscious level, including:


title: Free association (psychology)

text: The mental conflicts were analyzed from the viewpoint that the patients, initially, did not understand how such feelings were occurring at a subconscious level, hidden inside their minds. 'It is free association within language that is the key to representing the prohibited and forbidden desire...to access unconscious affective memory'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Jung and his Zurich colleagues 'devised some ingenious association tests which confirmed Freud's conclusions about the way in which emotional factors may interfere with recollection': they were published in 1906. As Freud himself put it, 'in this manner Bleuler and Jung built the first bridge from experimental psychology to psychoanalysis'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Freud, at least initially, saw free association as a relatively accessible method for patients. Ferenczi disagreed, with the famous aphorism: 'The patient is not cured by free-associating, he is cured when he can free-associate'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Lacan took up the point. 'Free association is really a labour - so much so that some have gone so far as to say that it requires an apprenticeship, even to the point of seeing in such an apprenticeship its true formative value'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: By the late twentieth century, 'analysts today don't expect the free-association process to take hold until well into the analysis; in fact, some regard the appearance of true free association as a signal to terminate the analysis'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: As time went on, other psychologists created tests that exemplified Freud's idea of free association including Rorschach's Inkblot Test and The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) by Christina Morgan and Henry of Harvard University. Although Rorschach's test has been met with significant criticism over the years, the TAT is still used today, especially with children.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Robert Langs helped to bring Freud's earliest work back to the forefront, which depended on free association and insight rather than decoding by the psychotherapist.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: As object relations theory came to place more emphasis on the patient/analyst relationship, and less on the reconstruction of the past, so too did the criticism emerge that Freud never quite freed himself from some use of pressure. For example, 'he still advocated the "fundamental rule" of free association...[which] could have the effect of bullying the patient, as if to say: "If you do not associate freely - we have ways of making you"'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: A further problem may be that, 'through overproduction, the freedom it offers sometimes becomes a form of resistance to any form of interpretation'.


title: Free association (psychology)

text: Adam Phillips suggests that 'the radical nature of Freud's project is clear if one imagines what it would be like to live in a world in which everyone was able - had the capacity - to free-associate, to say whatever came into their mind at any given moment...like a collage'.


title: Claw

text: A claw is a curved, pointed appendage found at the end of a toe or finger in most amniotes (mammals, reptiles, birds). Some invertebrates such as beetles and spiders have somewhat similar fine, hooked structures at the end of the leg or tarsus for gripping a surface as they walk. The pincers of crabs, lobsters and scorpions, more formally known as their chelae, are sometimes called claws.


title: Claw

text: A true claw is made of a hard protein called keratin. Claws are used to catch and hold prey in carnivorous mammals such as cats and dogs, but may also be used for such purposes as digging, climbing trees, self-defense and grooming, in those and other species.


title: Claw

text: Similar appendages that are flat and do not come to a sharp point are called nails instead. Claw-like projections that do not form at the end of digits but spring from other parts of the foot are properly named spurs.


title: Claw

text: In tetrapods, claws are made of keratin and consist of two layers. The unguis is the harder external layer, which consists of keratin fibers arranged perpendicular to the direction of growth and in layers at an oblique angle. The subunguis is the softer, flaky underside layer whose grain is parallel to the direction of growth. The claw grows outward from the nail matrix at the base of the unguis and the subunguis grows thicker while travelling across the nail bed. The unguis grows outward faster than the subunguis to produce a curve and the thinner sides of the claw wear away faster than their thicker middle, producing a more or less sharp point. Tetrapods use their claws in many ways, commonly to grasp or kill prey, to dig and to climb and hang.


title: Claw

text: All carnivorans have claws, which vary considerably in length and shape. Claws grow out of the third phalanges of the paws and are made of keratin. Many predatory mammals have protractile claws that can partially hide inside the animal's paw, especially the cat family, Felidae, almost all of whose members have fully protractible claws. Outside of the cat family, retractable claws are found only in certain species of the Viverridae (and the extinct Nimravidae). A claw that is retractable is protected from wear and tear.


title: Claw

text: Most cats and dogs also have a dewclaw on the inside of the front paws. It is much less functional than the other claws but does help the cats to grasp prey. Because the dew claw does not touch the ground, it receives less wear and tends to be sharper and longer.


title: Claw

text: A nail is homologous to a claw but is flatter and has a curved edge instead of a point. A nail that is big enough to bear weight is called a "hoof". (Nevertheless, one side of the cloven-hoof of artiodactyl ungulates may also be called a claw).


title: Claw

text: Every so often, the growth of claws stops and restarts, as does hair. In a hair, this results in the hair falling out and being replaced by a new one. In claws, this results in an abscission layer, and the old segment breaks off. This process takes several months for human thumbnails. Cats are often seen working old unguis layers off on wood or on boards made for the purpose. Ungulates' hooves wear or self-trim by ground contact. Domesticated equids (horses, donkeys and mules) usually need regular trimming by a farrier, as a consequence of reduced activity on hard ground.


title: Claw

text: Primate nails consist of the unguis alone, as the subunguis has disappeared. With the evolution of grasping hands and feet, claws are no longer necessary for locomotion, and instead most digits exhibit nails. However, claw-like nails are found in small-bodied callitrichids on all digits except the hallux or big toe. A laterally flattened grooming claw, used for grooming, can be found on the second toe in living strepsirrhines, and the second and third in tarsiers. Aye-ayes have functional claws on all other digits except the hallux, including a grooming claw on the second toe. Less commonly known, a grooming claw is also found on the second pedal digit of night monkeys ("Aotus"), titis ("Callicebus"), and possibly other New World monkeys.


title: Claw

text: Most reptiles have well-developed claws. Most lizards have toes ending in stout claws. In snakes, feet and claws are absent, but in many boids such as "Boa constrictor", remnants of highly reduced hind-limbs emerge with a single claw as "spurs" on each side of the anal opening.


title: Claw

text: A talon is the claw of a bird of prey, its primary hunting tool. The talons are very important; without them, most birds of prey would not be able to catch their food. Some birds also use claws for defensive purposes. Cassowaries use claws on their inner toe (digit II) for defence and have been known to disembowel people. All birds, however, have claws, which are used as general holdfasts and protection for the tip of the digits.


title: Claw

text: The hoatzin and turaco are unique among extant birds in having functional claws on the thumb and index finger (digits I and II) on the forelimbs as chicks, allowing them to climb trees until the adult plumage with flight feathers develop. However, several birds have a claw- or nail-like structure hidden under the feathers at the end of the hand digits, notably ostriches, emus, ducks, geese and kiwis.


title: Claw

text: The only amphibians to bear claws are the African clawed frogs. Claws evolved separately in the amphibian and amniote (reptiliomorph) line.


title: Claw

text: The scientifically correct term for the "claw" of an arthropod, such as a lobster or crab, is a chela (plural "chelae"). Legs bearing a chela are called chelipeds. Chelae are also called pincers.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: Blade Runner: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack for Ridley Scott's 1982 science-fiction noir film "Blade Runner", composed by Greek electronic musician Vangelis. It has received acclaim as an influential work in the history of electronic music and one of Vangelis's best works. It was nominated in 1983 for a BAFTA and Golden Globe for best original score. The score evokes the film's bleak futurism with an emotive synthesizer-based sound, drawing on the jazz scores of classic film noir as well as Middle Eastern texture and neo-classical elements.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The official release of the soundtrack was delayed for over a decade. The first 1994 release omitted much of the film's score and included compositions not used in the film. A 25th anniversary edition released in 2007 included further unreleased material and a disc of new music inspired by the film. Various bootleg recordings containing more comprehensive versions of the score, as well as superior sound quality to the original 1994 release, have widely circulated.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: An orchestral rendition of the soundtrack was released in 1982 by the New American Orchestra, but disowned by both Vangelis and director Scott.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: Vangelis recorded, mixed and produced the score for "Blade Runner" in his London recording space Nemo Studios in 1982. He crafted the score on an ad-hoc basis by viewing videotapes of scenes from the film in the studio, and then improvising pieces in synchronisation with the images on the screen. He also applied the use of some foley techniques, using synthesisers to produce diegetic and non-diegetic sounds. The album features vocals from Demis Roussos and saxophone by Dick Morrissey on "Love Theme". The track "Memories of Green" from Vangelis' 1980 album "See You Later" was also used.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The most prominent synthesiser used in the score was the Yamaha CS-80, which can be prominently heard in the opening scenes. Other synthesisers employed by Vangelis included four Roland instruments: the ProMars, the Jupiter-4, the CR-5000 drum machine, and the VP-330 Vocoder Plus; a Sequential Circuits Prophet-10; a Yamaha GS1 FM synthesizer; and an E-mu Emulator sampler. A Steinway grand piano, a Yamaha CP-80 electric grand and a modified Fender Rhodes were also used. He also utilised a variety of traditional instruments, including, gamelan, glockenspiel, gong, snare drum, timpani and tubular bells.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: In 1994, an official recording of Vangelis' score was released by East West (Warner Music) in the UK and by Atlantic Records in the US. The album reached the #20 position in the UK album charts. In 2013 it reached #14 on the "Billboard" Vinyl Albums chart. It has been variously described as "influential and mythical", "incredible and pristine", "evocative", and "the pinnacle of synthesiser soundtracks". AllMusic labeled the score as


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: "bleak and electronically chilling as the film itself" and praised Vangelis for creating "haunting soundscapes with whispered subtexts and sweeping revelations".


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: This release omits much of the film's original music and cues, and features compositions which were not present in the film. The accompanying booklet featured this explanation by Vangelis:


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: While most of the tracks on the album are from the film, a number were composed by Vangelis but were ultimately not used in the film itself. Other compositions that appear in the film were not included on this release.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: Four of the tracks ("Main Titles", "Blush Response", "Wait For Me", "Tears in Rain") feature samples of dialogue from the film. Tracks 1 through 4 are mixed together as a seamless piece; tracks 5 through 7 have silence between them, and the final tracks, 8 through 12, are mixed into another seamless piece.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: "Blade Runner Trilogy: 25th Anniversary", a 3-CD set, was released in 2007 to coincide with the 5-DVD release to mark the 25th anniversary of the film. It includes the 1994 official CD along with two bonus CDs, both compiled from original material by Vangelis. The second disc includes some previously officially unreleased material, but is still not complete, omitting the "Main Title" track, for example. The third disc contains new material inspired by "Blade Runner". Each track is a separate piece, separated by silence, rather than any of them being mixed together seamlessly as was the case with all but three tracks in the 1994 version.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: Although this release claims to be the "complete" score, there is still some music heard in the film that is missing.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The second disc, of previously unreleased music, contains additional music not present in the film, including two bonus tracks. One of these, "Desolation Path", is a slightly different version of "Alternate Love Theme/I Dreamt Music". This track was originally used in the workprint version of the film, during the Deckard/Rachael love scene.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The first official release (on LP, tape and CD) was a reinterpretation by the New American Orchestra in 1982. Billed as an "orchestral adaptation of music composed for the motion picture by Vangelis", this release consisted of jazz-inspired, orchestrated renditions of the major tracks from the film, but not the original score tracks.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The delays and poor reproductions of the "Blade Runner" score led to the production of many bootleg recordings over the years. A bootleg tape surfaced in 1982 at science fiction conventions and became popular, given the delay of an official release of the original recordings. In 1993 "Off World Music, Ltd." created a bootleg CD that would prove more comprehensive than Vangelis' official CD in 1994. A disc from "Gongo Music" features most of the same material, but more of it. The Deck Definitive Edition came about in 2001, with 27 tracks. In 2002, the "Esper Edition" bootleg surfaced, followed by "Los Angeles, November 2019" in 2003. The double-disc "Esper Edition" combined tracks from the official release, the Gongo boot and the film itself. Finally, "2019" provided a single-disc compilation almost wholly consisting of ambient sound from the film, padded out with some sounds from the Westwood game "Blade Runner".


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The first release of the "Blade Runner" score in any form was a tape suspected of coming from a sound engineer during the film's mixing. It was popular, despite subpar audio quality, given there were no plans to release a Vangelis score.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: A second bootleg "Original Motion Picture Soundtrack: Blade Runner" appeared in 1993 by "Off World Music, Ltd." on CD. Issued as a limited edition of 2000 numbered copies, it was of high quality and actually more comprehensive than the official release by Vangelis in 1994. This release includes the 1939 recording "If I Didn't Care" by R&B group The Ink Spots that originally appeared in the workprint of "Blade Runner", but was replaced by the Don Percival cut "One More Kiss, Dear" in the final version.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: In 1995, a disc from Romanian label "Gongo Music, Ltd" was issued as a limited edition of 3000 copies. It contained mostly the same music as the Off World Music release, but included one track, "Blimpvert", which had not featured on any previous releases. This track contains an excerpt from "Ogi no Mato" by Ensemble Nipponia.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: In 2001, a 27-track CD from Japanese label "Deck Art" was released as a limited edition of 500 copies with high-quality sound. No tracklist was provided, but the disc contained material found on earlier bootlegs, as well as music that had not appeared on any previous releases.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: In 2002 a bootleg "Blade Runner: Esper Edition" by "Esper Productions" was created as a limited edition of 10 copies, providing a comprehensive "Blade Runner" soundtrack. It contains some background music that has never been released.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The Esper bootleg edition was expanded in 2017 and renamed the "Esper 'Retirement' Edition", consisting of six discs (five CD-DA and one DVD-ROM). It incorporated the missing tracks from the trilogy release.


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: Other authors and iTunes, state the Gail Laughton piece is called "Pompeii 76 A.D." from his album "Harps Of The Ancient Temples".


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: The film score & soundtrack are widely considered as "genius", "classic" and one of the best of all time. In 2019, "Pitchfork" rated it as the best film score of all time out of 50, stating "it's shocking to consider that "Blade Runner" did not get nominated for the Best Picture Academy Award, or any other major Oscars. Equally bewildering is the fact that Vangelis won Best Original Score for 1981's conventionally pretty "Chariots of Fire", but wasn't even honorably mentioned for his far richer contributions to "Blade Runner"". In 2020, "The Guardian" included it among 10 best film soundtracks. In 2021, the "Main Titles" was rated as the greatest synth sound of all time out of 40 by "Computer Music". In 2022, the "Future Music" magazine placed the soundtrack as 1st among "10 of the most incredible synth film soundtracks from Hollywood history".


title: Blade Runner (soundtrack)

text: In 2017, a sequel to "Blade Runner" was released, "Blade Runner 2049". Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch collaborated on the "Blade Runner 2049" score, and the original "Blade Runner" soundtrack served as inspiration for their work. The composers included a Yamaha CS-80 analog synthesizer among the instruments in an effort to maintain stylistic continuity with Vangelis's original 1982 film score. Zimmer said of the soundtrack: "Ridley [Scott] is a hard act to follow – as is Vangelis. While Ben [Wallfisch] was four years old, I had actually experienced all of this. We watched and literally, as we stopped watching, we decided on the palette. We decided this wasn't going to be an orchestral thing. The story spoke to us." The sequel score includes a fairly faithful remake of the original "Tears in Rain" (retitled "Tears in the Rain") and borrows many musical cues from the original Vangelis score throughout, including its frequent use of pitch bending.


title: Tony Gardner

text: Tony Gardner (born 10 January 1964) is an English actor and doctor. He sits on the national governing body of the actors' trade union Equity.


title: Tony Gardner

text: Gardner qualified as a physician at Guy's Hospital in 1987, then as a general practitioner in 1993. He combined medicine and comedy during the 1990s as half of the award-winning comedy duo "Struck Off and Die" with Phil Hammond.


title: Tony Gardner

text: Gardner eventually left medicine to become an actor, starring in a number of TV commercials, including that for the Renault Mégane. He reached prominence playing Brian Johnson in CITV's "My Parents Are Aliens" (episodes of which he also wrote) and Michael, the café owner in Jack Dee's BBC sitcom "Lead Balloon". In 2009–10 he starred in three plays directed by Sir Peter Hall. In 2011 he played Professor Tony Shales in the Channel 4 series "Fresh Meat".


title: Tony Gardner

text: Between 2012 and 2020, he played John in five series of the critically acclaimed romantic drama series "Last Tango in Halifax". The programme attracted impressive ratings for BBC One, with the third series posting an average of 7.8 million viewers.


title: Tony Gardner

text: Between 2013 and 2015, he appeared as Lieutenant Colonel Phillip Smith in three series of the wartime comedy "Bluestone 42", about a British bomb disposal detachment in Afghanistan during Operation Herrick. He appeared as Dan Miller MP in the BBC political comedy "The Thick of It". He was a main character of the music video "Giant Peach" by Wolf Alice. He appeared in a variety of roles in "Tracey Ullman's Show" from 2016. He also appeared in an episode of the Netflix show, "Lovesick", portraying Dylan’s father at surprise wedding anniversary party.


title: Tony Gardner

text: In January 2021, Gardner appeared in S11E1 of "Not Going Out" as a neighbour to Lee and Lucy. He then appeared again in S12E4 in 2022.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Tis Pity She's a Whore (original spelling: "Tis Pitty Shee's a Who"["o"]"re") is a tragedy written by John Ford. It was first performed or between 1629 and 1633, by Queen Henrietta's Men at the Cockpit Theatre. The play was first published in 1633, in a quarto printed by Nicholas Okes for the bookseller Richard Collins. Ford dedicated the play to John Mordaunt, 1st Earl of Peterborough and Baron of Turvey.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Giovanni, recently returned to Parma from university in Bologna, has developed an incestuous passion for his sister Annabella and the play opens with his discussing this ethical problem with Friar Bonaventura. Bonaventura tries to convince Giovanni that his desires are evil despite Giovanni's passionate reasoning and eventually persuades him to try to rid himself of his feelings through repentance.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Annabella, meanwhile, is being approached by a number of suitors including Bergetto, Grimaldi, and Soranzo. She is not interested in any of them. Giovanni finally tells her how he feels (obviously having failed in his attempts to repent) and finally wins her over. Annabella's tutoress Putana (literally, "Whore") encourages the relationship. The siblings consummate their relationship.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Hippolita, a past lover of Soranzo, verbally attacks him, furious with him for letting her send her husband Richardetto on a dangerous journey she believed would result in his death so that they could be together, then declining his vows and abandoning her. Soranzo leaves and his servant Vasques promises to help Hippolita get revenge on Soranzo and the pair agree to marry after they murder him.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Richardetto is not dead but also in Parma in disguise with his niece Philotis. Richardetto is also desperate for revenge against Soranzo and convinces Grimaldi that to win Annabella, he should stab Soranzo with a poisoned sword. Unfortunately, Bergetto and Philotis, now betrothed, are planning to marry secretly in the place Richardetto orders Grimaldi to wait. Grimaldi mistakenly stabs and kills Bergetto instead, leaving Philotis, Poggio (Bergetto's servant), and Donado (Bergetto's uncle) distraught.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Annabella resigns herself to marrying Soranzo, knowing she has to marry someone other than her brother. She subsequently falls ill and it is revealed that she is pregnant. Friar Bonaventura then persuades her to marry Soranzo before her pregnancy becomes apparent. Donado and Florio (father of Annabella and Giovanni) go to the cardinal's house, where Grimaldi has been in hiding, to beg for justice. The cardinal refuses due to Grimaldi's high status and instead sends him back to Rome. Florio tells Donado to wait for God to bring them justice.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Annabella and Soranzo are married soon after, and their ceremony includes masque dancers, one of whom reveals herself to be Hippolita. She claims to be willing to drink a toast with Soranzo and the two raise their glasses and drink, on which note she explains that her plan was to poison his wine. Vasques comes forward and reveals that he was always loyal to his master and he poisoned Hippolita. She dies spouting insults and damning prophecies to the newlyweds. Seeing the effects of anger and revenge, Richardetto abandons his plans and sends Philotis off to a convent to save her soul.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: When Soranzo discovers Annabella's pregnancy, the two argue until Annabella realises that Soranzo truly did love her and finds herself consumed with guilt. She is confined to her room by her husband, who plots with Vasques to avenge himself against his cheating wife and her unknown lover. On Soranzo's exit, Putana comes onto the stage and Vasques pretends to befriend her to gain the name of Annabella's baby's father. Once Putana reveals that it's Giovanni, Vasques has bandits tie Putana up and put out her eyes as punishment for the terrible acts she has willingly overseen and encouraged. In her room, Annabella writes a letter to her brother in her own blood, warning him that Soranzo knows and will soon seek revenge. The friar delivers the letter but Giovanni is too arrogant to believe he can be harmed and ignores advice to decline the invitation to Soranzo's birthday feast. The friar subsequently flees Parma to avoid further involvement in Giovanni's downfall.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: On the day of the feast, Giovanni visits Annabella in her room and after talking with her, stabs her during a kiss. He then enters the feast, at which all remaining characters are present, wielding a dagger on which his sister's heart is skewered and tells everyone of the incestuous affair. Florio dies immediately from shock. Soranzo attacks Giovanni verbally and Giovanni stabs and kills him. Vasques intervenes, wounding Giovanni before ordering the bandits to finish the job. Following the massacre, the cardinal orders Putana to be burnt at the stake, Vasques to be banished, and the church to seize all the wealth and property belonging to the dead. Richardetto finally reveals his true identity to Donado and the play ends with the cardinal saying of Annabella "who could not say, 'Tis pity she's a whore?".


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: The play's open treatment of the subject of incest made it one of the most controversial works in English literature. The play was entirely omitted from an 1831 collection of Ford's plays; its title has often been changed to something euphemistic such as "Giovanni and Annabella" or "Tis Pity" or "The Brother and Sister". Indeed, until well into the twentieth century, critics were usually harsh in their condemnations of the play; the subject matter offended them, as did Ford's failure to condemn his protagonist. Critic Mark Stavig wrote, "Instead of stressing the villainy, Ford portrays Giovanni as a talented, virtuous, and noble man who is overcome by a tumultuous, unavoidable passion that brings about his destruction". Adolphus Ward said: ""Tis Pity She's a Whore" has been justly recognized as a tragedy of extraordinary power". Since the mid-twentieth century, scholars and critics have generally shown more appreciation of the complexities and ambiguities of the work, though the treatment of the main subject still remains "unsettling", in the words of Michael Billington, reviewing the 2014 production for "The Guardian", because Ford refuses "to either condone or condemn incest: he simply presents it as an unstoppable force".


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: Peter Greenaway has said that the play provided him with the main template for his 1989 film "The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover".


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: The pilot episode of "Midsomer Murders", "The Killings at Badger's Drift" (1997), contains references to the play.


title: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

text: A song with almost the same name, "'Tis a Pity She Was a Whore", is featured on David Bowie's final studio album "Blackstar" (2016). "Sue (Or in a Season of Crime)", from the same album, loosely recounts the play's events from Annabella's decision to marry Soranzo to Giovanni's reception of her note written in blood.


title: Entebbe

text: Entebbe is a city in Central Uganda. Located on a Lake Victoria peninsula, approximately southwest of the Ugandan capital city, Kampala. Entebbe was once the seat of government for the Protectorate of Uganda prior to independence, in 1962. The city is the location of Entebbe International Airport, Uganda's largest commercial and military airport, best known for the Israeli rescue of 100 hostages kidnapped by the militant group of the PFLP-EO and Revolutionary Cells (RZ) organizations. Entebbe is also the location of State House, the official office and residence of the President of Uganda.


title: Entebbe

text: The word came from Luganda language "e ntebe" which means 'seat' / 'chair'. Entebbe was a cultural site for the Mamba clan and it was called "entebbe za Mugula" - Mugula was the title of a chief of a subdivision of the Mamba clan - and is now the location of the official office and residence of the President of Uganda, as it was for British governors before independence. Entebbe was the former seat of power in the country, but has now been replaced by Kampala.


title: Entebbe

text: Entebbe sits on the northern shores of Lake Victoria, Africa's largest lake. The town is situated in Wakiso District, approximately south of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city. The metropolis is located on a peninsula into Lake Victoria, covering a total area of , out of which is water. The coordinates of Entebbe are:0°03'00.0"N, 32°27'36.0"E (Latitude:0.0500; Longitude:32.4600). Neighborhoods within Entebbe City include Bugonga, Katabi, Nakiwogo, Nsamizi, Kitooro, Lunnyo and Lugonjo.


title: Entebbe

text: During the 2002 national census, Entebbe's population was estimated at about 55,100 people. In 2010, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) estimated the population of the town at 76,500. In 2011, UBOS estimated the population of Entebbe at approximately 79,700. On 27 August 2014, the national population census put Entebbe's population at 69,958.


title: Entebbe

text: "Entebbe", in the local Luganda language, means a "seat" and was probably named that because it was the place where a Baganda chief sat to adjudicate legal cases. It first became a British colonial administrative and commercial centre in 1893 when Sir Gerald Portal, a colonial Commissioner, used it as a base. Port Bell went on to become Kampala's harbour. Although no ships dock there now, there is still a jetty, which was used by Lake Victoria ferries.


title: Entebbe

text: Entebbe International Airport, the main international airport of Uganda, has been the site of some well known events, making it famous in Europe and abroad. It was from this airport that Queen Elizabeth II departed Africa to return to England in 1952 when she learned of her father's death and that she had become Queen. The airport was the scene of Operation Entebbe, a hostage rescue on 4 July 1976, when soldiers from the Sayeret Matkal, Paratroopers Brigade and Golani Brigade units of the Israeli Army freed over 100 hostages following a hijacking by a group of Palestinian and German militia.


title: Entebbe

text: Entebbe is home to the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI), a Ugandan government organization which provides space to conduct research to the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative HIV vaccine program, the UK Medical Research Centre Laboratories (MRC), the US Centre for Disease Control (CDC) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Most research performed at UVRI is infectious disease-oriented and focuses on HIV, tuberculosis, malaria and helminth infections. It is also home for the headquarters of Uganda National Medical Stores, until the new headquarters and main warehouse building in Kajjansi is completed, then the headquarters will relocate to Kajjansi.


title: Entebbe

text: The head office of the Ugandan Civil Aviation Authority is on the property of Entebbe International Airport. The Uganda Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries maintains its headquarters in Entebbe.


title: Entebbe

text: The Special Forces Command, a specialized unit of the Uganda People's Defense Forces, responsible for the security of the president of Uganda, his immediate family, constitutional monarchs, state guests and vital national assets, including the national oil fields, maintains its headquarters in Entebbe.


title: Entebbe

text: Other points of interest within the city limits or close to its edges include the offices of Entebbe City Council and several branches of foreign and indigenous commercial banks. The supermarket chain, Shoprite, maintains a branch in Entebbe. In 2014, the American fast-food chain KFC opened a franchise in the town.


title: Entebbe

text: Entebbe experiences tropical rainforest climate ("Af") according to the Köppen climate classification as the city has no real dry season throughout the year. The driest season is January with precipitation total , while the wettest season is April with precipitation total . The temperature is moderated by the altitude. The hottest month is February with average temperature , while the coolest month is July with average temperature .


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: Rampage is a 1986 arcade game by Bally Midway. Players take control of a trio of gigantic monsters trying to survive against onslaughts of military forces. Each round is completed when a particular city is completely reduced to rubble. Warner Bros. currently owns all rights to the property via their purchase of Midway Games. Inspired by monster films, "Rampage" spawned five sequels and a film adaptation in 2018.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: Up to three simultaneous players control a trio of humans transformed into gigantic animalistic monsters due to various experiment-related accidents: George, who was transformed into a King Kong-like gorilla by an experimental vitamin, Lizzie, who was transformed into a Ymir-like reptile by a radioactive lake, and Ralph, who was transformed into a giant bipedal wolf by a food additive. The monsters must raze all buildings in a high-rise city to advance to the next level, eating people and destroying helicopters, tanks, taxis, police cars, boats, and trolleys along the way.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: The player can climb any of the buildings, punching them to pieces and reducing them to rubble. Non-playable human characters within the levels can also be punched or grabbed and food items can be eaten. The player's monster receives damage from enemy bullets, sticks of dynamite, shells, punches from other monsters, and falls. Health is recovered by eating food items such as fruit, roast chicken, or soldiers. If a monster takes too much damage, it reverts into naked human form and starts walking off the screen sideways, covering its body with its hands. In this state, players can be eaten by another monster. If the player continues, the human mutates back into the monster or (if the human walked off the screen) flies in on a blimp (but has lost their score), with a full life bar.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: Smashing open windows generally reveals an item or person of interest, which may be helpful or harmful. Helpful items include food or money, while dangerous ones include bombs, electrical appliances, and cigarettes. Some items can be both; for example, a toaster is dangerous until the toast pops up, and a photographer must be eaten quickly before he dazzles the player's monster with his flash, causing it to fall. When a civilian is present waving their hands at a window signaling for help, a player's points rapidly increase when the person is grabbed. Each monster can hold only one type of person: George can hold women, Lizzie can hold middle-aged men, and Ralph can hold businessmen.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: "Rampage" is set over the course of 128 days in cities across North America. The game starts in Peoria, Illinois and ends in Plano, Illinois. In Plano, players receive a "mega vitamin bonus" which heals all the monsters and provides a large point bonus. After this, the cycle of cities repeats five times. After 768 days, the game resets back to Day 1. As game developer Brian F Colin stated "the hardware couldn't support that much art and we never figured anyone would get through 768 levels".


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: Some of the home port versions of the game start in San Jose, California and end in Los Angeles, California after going all around North America. The rampage travels through various cities across the United States, as well as two Canadian cities. Out of the 50 US states, only Connecticut, Delaware, Mississippi, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Vermont are spared from the monster rampage.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: The game's lead designers were artist Brian Colin and programmer Jeff Nauman. Neither of them being fans of arcade games at the time, Colin conceived "Rampage" as a game in which there was "no wrong way to play". To this end, he wanted to eschew the common video game concepts of having a set objective, competing for a high score and dying. Artist Sharon Perry, game tester Jim Belt and composer Michael Bartlow assisted with developing the game. The game's aim of destroying skyscrapers was created because the developers could only move rectangular shapes in the background. The developers had to work within the technical limitations of the time - cities are largely identical in appearance, Ralph and George are the same character palette and head swapped and the dust effect from crumbling buildings conceals glitchy animation. The game's development and release languished as management was unconvinced of the game's unusual concept of casting players as city-destroying monsters, but picked up after new management was installed at the company. Post-release, additional levels were added to the game to make it more difficult. In the opening cutscene reporting on three humans who had mutated into the monsters, Colin put pictures of himself as George, his wife Rae as Lizzy, and Nauman as Ralph.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: Conceiving a graphically impressive title within the technical constraints of Midway's then current arcade hardware, designer Brian Colin took inspiration from the monster films "King Kong" and "20 Million Miles To Earth". Decades after the game released, Colin addressed a popular misconception that Lizzie was based on Godzilla, stating that Lizzie was actually based on the Ymir from "20 Million Miles to Earth"; he said Godzilla would've been too large to fit into the size constraints of the game, and that he preferred Harryhausen and Willis O’Brien films over kaiju films such as "Godzilla".


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: The game was released for the arcades in 1986. Colin promoted the game via a press release sent to local media outlets in each of the towns mentioned in-game; the press release took the form of an unofficial memo from Bally/Midway that stated that their town was "slated for destruction".


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: "Rampage" was ported to the Apple II, Atari 2600, Atari 7800, Atari Lynx, Atari 8-bit, Atari ST, Amiga, Commodore 64, MS-DOS/IBM PC, ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, NES, Sega Master System and Tandy Color Computer 3. The Atari Lynx version adds a special fourth character named Larry, a giant rat. The NES version excludes Ralph, reducing the number of monsters to two. In 1997 Tiger Electronics released a handheld LCD version of the game. In 2017, Basic Fun released a mini arcade port of the NES version of the game with Ralph added. This was #10 of their Arcade Classics line.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: The original arcade version of "Rampage" was included in various compilations. In 1999 it was included in "Arcade Party Pak" for the PlayStation. In 2003 it was included in "Midway Arcade Treasures", a compilation of arcade games for the Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2, and Xbox. In 2005 it was included in "" for the PlayStation Portable. In 2006 it was a bonus feature in "". In 2012, it was included in the compilation "Midway Arcade Origins".


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: The game was also an unlockable in the 2015 game "Lego Dimensions". In that game, a human-sized version of George the ape appears in one of the sidequests. In the "Midway Arcade World" level of the game, the player aids him in wrecking the area and protecting him from civilians to get a higher score than Ralph and Lizzie. Also in Gamer Kid’s level “Retro Wreckage”, at the end of the level, the Gamer Kid finds a Rampage arcade game, but while he’s checking it out, the virus that makes all the other arcade game characters come to life hits Gamer Kid and he turns into George before playing the arcade game.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: In July 2000, Midway licensed "Rampage", along with other Williams Electronics games, to Shockwave for use in an online applet to demonstrate the power of the shockwave web content platform, entitled "Shockwave Arcade Collection". The conversion was created by Digital Eclipse. "Rampage" was also ported to iOS as part of the Midway arcade app.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: Unlike the original arcade game, most of the home ports (such as the NES, Sega, and Atari Lynx versions) actually end, rather than repeating levels endlessly.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: "Computer Gaming World" approved of the MS-DOS adaptation of "Rampage", especially for those with computers faster than the original IBM PC and an EGA video card. It stated that "Rampage is proof that IBM games can compete with other machines in running entertainment software".


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: "Your Sinclair" said it was "all great fun for a while but being a monster can become a drag. So unless you intend to play it three-handed, when the fun factor increases a little, or you're a monster fan of the original, you might just give this a miss for something with more lasting value".


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: "CVG Magazine" reviewed the Atari Lynx version of the game in their March 1991 issue, giving it a score of 60% score. Robert A. Jung reviewed the game which was posted to IGN Entertainment in July 1999. In his final verdict he wrote that "a lighthearted, silly game that's lots of fun for lots of players (the more the merrier)", giving a final score of 9 out of 10.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: In 1997, "Rampage World Tour" was released, developed for Midway by the original designers, Brian Colin and Jeff Nauman. It was followed by the console-exclusive games "", "Rampage Through Time", and "Rampage Puzzle Attack". The last game in the series made by Midway was "".


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: The latest version was made by Raw Thrills, a redemption game based on the 2018 "Rampage" film that was at first exclusive to Dave & Buster's.


title: Rampage (1986 video game)

text: A theatrical film adaptation based on the game was developed by Warner Bros and New Line Cinema, directed by Brad Peyton and starring Dwayne Johnson with John Rickard and Beau Flynn as producers. The film was released on April 13, 2018.


title: Erika Karata

text: When Karata was in her second year of high school, she was scouted by an agency official at her workplace, where she had been a part-time employee at a farm theme park. She began her career as a model and first appeared in the music video for "Divine" by Girls' Generation. Afterwards, she made minor appearances in the television dramas "Koi Naka" and "Cho Gentei Noryoku" and became the image model for the Sony Financial Holdings commercials.


title: Erika Karata

text: In 2017, Karata signed with BH Entertainment to manage her activities in South Korea. During this time, she also appeared in a commercial for LG and a music video for "Emptiness" by Naul. In 2018, Karata starred in "Asako I & II", for which she won the Best New Actor Award at the Yokohama Film Festival.


title: Erika Karata

text: On January 23, 2020, "Shūkan Bunshun" revealed that Karata had been involved in an extramarital affair with actor Masahiro Higashide, her co-star on "Asako I & II", since 2017 even while his wife was pregnant with their third child. In response, she dropped out of the television series "Prayers in the Emergency Room". Episodes 5 and 6 of "100-moji Idea Drama o Shita!", which she had co-written and starred in, was removed from broadcast. The episodes had been about a newcomer actress being involved in an extramarital affair and had included Higashide's name as Karata's character's friend.


title: CJK Unified Ideographs (Unicode block)

text: CJK Unified Ideographs is a Unicode block containing the most common CJK ideographs used in modern Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese characters. When compared with other blocks containing CJK Unified Ideographs, it is also referred to as the "Unified Repertoire and Ordering" (URO).


title: CJK Unified Ideographs (Unicode block)

text: It also has tens of thousands of ideographic variation sequences registered in the Unicode Ideographic Variation Database (IVD). These sequences specify the desired glyph variant for a given Unicode character.


title: CJK Unified Ideographs (Unicode block)

text: The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the CJK Unified Ideographs block: