title: Jesse Helms

text: Jesse Helms (October 18, 1921 - July 4, 2008) was a Senator from North Carolina. He was also the longest serving senator from that state, serving five terms. He opposed school integration, the Civil Rights Act, the Voting Rights Act, interracial marriage, civil rights, feminism, gay rights, disability rights, affirmative action, tax increases, abortion, the United Nations, foreign aid, communism, and giving government money to art that had nudity in it. This gave him the nickname 'Senator No'. He and Strom Thurmond were leaders of the extreme conservatives (people who believe very strongly in right-wing beliefs). Before being a Senator, he was a writer.


title: Dalet

text: Dalet (also spelled or Daleth) is the fourth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. In set theory, mathematicians originally intended to use daleth to represent the fourth transfinite cardinal numbers. The name "dalet" is connected to the word "delet", meaning "door". It also corresponds to the letter "delta" in the Greek alphabet.


title: Pygame

text: Pygame is a programming library for Python to make video games. It can do computer graphics and sound.


title: Bindi Irwin

text: Bindi Sue Irwin (born 24 July 1998 in Buderim, Queensland) is an Australian actress, singer, television personality and conservationist. She is the daughter of Terri Irwin and Steve Irwin and has a younger brother Robert Clarence "Bob" Irwin.


title: KMFDM

text: KMFDM (originally Kein Mehrheit Für Die Mitleid, loosely translated by the band as "no pity for the majority") is a German industrial metal band. The four members of the band are leader, singer, and bassist Sascha Konietzko, singer Lucia Cifarelli, guitarist Andee Blacksugar, and drummer Andy Selway. The band has sold more than 2 million albums.


title: Four Freedoms

text: The Four Freedoms is an important concept of American president Franklin D. Roosevelt. He presented them in the "State of the Union" of January 6, 1941, which is therefore also called the "Four Freedoms Speech".


title: A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood

text: A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood is a 2019 American biographical drama movie, directed by Marielle Heller and written by Micah Fitzerman-Blue and Noah Harpster. The movie stars Tom Hanks as Fred Rogers with Matthew Rhys as Tom Junod. Other stars include Susan Kelechi Watson and Chris Cooper.


title: Sicarii

text: Sicarii were killers who were a splinter group of the Zealots during the time leading up to the destruction of Jerusalem by the Roman General Titus. Their name derives from a work that means "dagger". They hid in groups of people who supported Roman rule and then pulled their daggers and killed people. Then they ran away and hid. Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus in the New Testament, was believed by some to be a sicarius.


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton (August 28, 1774 – January 4, 1821) was the first native-born citizen of the United States to be made a saint by the Roman Catholic Church. She was canonized on September 14, 1975.


title: Elizabeth Peña

text: Elizabeth Peña (September 23, 1959 – October 14, 2014) was an Cuban-American actress and television director. She was known for her roles in "The Incredibles", "Rush Hour", "Jacob's Ladder", and "La Bamba". She was born in Elizabeth, New Jersey.


title: Metaphilosophy

text: Metaphilosophy is the study of the nature of philosophy. Philosophy is the study of ideas connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Metaphilosophy investigates the aims, boundaries, and methods of philosophy. Metaphilosophers ask the question, "What is philosophy?" and seek to understand what its purpose is.


title: Sadhana Shivdasani

text: Sadhana Shivdasani (2 September 1941 – 25 December 2015), better known as Sadhana, was an Indian actress. She was known for her roles in "Woh Kaun Thi?" (1964), "Mera Saaya" (1966) and "Anita" (1967).


title: Siân Phillips

text: Dame Siân Phillips (; born Jane Elizabeth Ailwên Phillips, 14 May 1933) is a Welsh actress. She was married to actor Peter O'Toole. She is also known for her roles in "Becket" and in "Goodbye, Mr. Chips".


title: Albert Pujols

text: José Alberto Pujols Alcántara (also known as Albert Pujols) is a star baseball player from the Dominican Republic.


title: Siege of Vicksburg

text: The Siege of Vicksburg was a major battle of the American Civil War. It took place in Mississippi from May 18 to July 4, 1863. Union general Ulysses S. Grant surrounded the city of Vicksburg, Mississippi. The Confederate Army, commanded by John C. Pemberton, surrendered on July 4. Now the Union forces controlled the Mississippi River.


title: Robert Stroud

text: Robert Franklin Stroud (January 28, 1890 – November 21, 1963), known as the "Birdman of Alcatraz", was an American convicted murderer, federal prisoner and author. He was one of the most notorious criminals in the United States.


title: Jaguar Land Rover

text: Jaguar Land Rover is a British manufacturer of luxury cars. They manufacture cars under two brands: Jaguar and Land Rover.


title: Francia Márquez

text: Francia Elena Márquez Mina (born 1 December 1981) is a Colombian human-rights and environmental activist who is the Vice President of Colombia since 2022.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Port Arthur was named after Van Diemen's Land lieutenant governor George Arthur. It started as a place to cut down timber from the forests in 1830. It is best known for being a penal colony. From 1833, until 1853, criminals from United Kingdom and Ireland were sent to Port Arthur as convicts. The prisoners were kept busy ship with jobs including building the prison, shoemaking, smithing, timber and brick making. In the 1840s there were more than 1100 prisoners. In 1842 the prisoners built a hospital and a big flour mill and grain store. At the time it was built, it was the biggest building in Australia. This was later turned into a cell block. After 1853 convicts from other prisons in Australia were sent to Port Arthur if they did more crimes, or would not behave properly.


title: Jesse Helms

text: He had many problems with his health, including prostate cancer and Paget's disease. He remained in poor health after retirement. He began to have failing memory and confusion. At last, he was moved to a nursing home near his home in Raleigh, North Carolina On July 4, 2008, Helms died of vascular dementia at the age of 86. He is buried in Historic Oakwood Cemetery in Raleigh, North Carolina.


title: KMFDM

text: KMFDM formed on February 29, 1984, in Paris, France. They made eleven albums between then and 1999, when the band broke up. The band got back together in 2002, and has made eleven albums between then and 2022.


title: Four Freedoms

text: Roosevelt made the "Four Freedoms" public just eleven months before the American participation at World War II. The concept played an important role in the American propaganda during the war. After Roosevelts death in 1945, his wife Eleanor continued being an important advocate for including the "Four Freedoms" in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.


title: A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood

text: The movie is about depressed journalist Tom Junod accepts an assignment to write an "Esquire" profile on Fred Rogers and Junod's views on life changed after his encounter with Mister Rogers.


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: Seton started the first Catholic school in the country. This school was at Emmitsburg, Maryland. She also founded the first American congregation of religious sisters. It is called the Sisters of Charity.


title: Elizabeth Peña

text: Peña died at the age of 55 on October 14, 2014 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California from septic shock and cardiopulmonary arrest complicated from cirrhosis of the liver.


title: Sadhana Shivdasani

text: Shivdasani was born in Karachi, Sindh, British India (now Pakistan). She died in Mumbai from cancer at the age of 74.


title: Albert Pujols

text: Pujols was born on January 16, 1980 in Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic. When he was 16, Pujols's family moved to Missouri. He learned English at Fort Osage High School and later studied to be an American citizen.


title: Robert Stroud

text: During his time at Leavenworth Penitentiary, he sold birds and became a respected ornithologist. He was transferred to Alcatraz, where he was incarcerated from 1942 to 1959.


title: Francia Márquez

text: In August 2020, Márquez announced her candidacy for President of Colombia in the 2022 election. She is the first Colombian woman of African descent to run for the presidency. She later became the vice presidential candidate for Gustavo Petro's presidential campaign and won the election in June 2022, becoming the country's first black female vice president.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: In 1864 they started building the Asylum to hold the prisoners who had become insane. During the 1860s and 1870s the prisoners left at the prison were either too old, too sick, or insane to keep working. The prison closed in 1877.


title: Four Freedoms

text: To inspire a greater public for his concept, Roosevelt arranged the creation of the Four Freedoms Monument. The statue was made public in 1943 in New York City. In honor of one of the first Americans to be killed in action in World War II, Colin Kelly, Roosevelt had the statue moved to Kelly's former home in Florida.


title: A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood

text: Filming began in September 2018 in Pittsburgh. It was released on November 22, 2019 by TriStar Pictures. For his role as Mr. Rogers, Hanks was nominated for an Academy Award, Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and BAFTA Award.


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: Elizabeth Ann Bayley was born on August 28, 1774. She was the second child of Dr. Richard Bayley and Catherine Charlton of New York City. They were Protestants.


title: Albert Pujols

text: He went to Maple Woods Community College and posted a .461 on-base average (which means he got on base 461 times out of every 1,000 at-bats).


title: Robert Stroud

text: Stroud was never released from the federal prison system; he was imprisoned from 1909 to his death in 1963.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: For many years, researchers could not work out whether or not the fossils discovered at Port Arthur were remnants of the dinosaur era.


title: Four Freedoms

text: In 1943 artist painter Norman Rockwell got inspired by the "Four Freedoms" and made a series of four paintings on this subject. Afterwards, the American authorities made use of these paintings to collect money for the world war.


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: On January 25, 1794, at age 19, Elizabeth married William Magee Seton, aged 25. He was a wealthy businessman. They had five children. William Seton brought the first Stradivarius violin to America.


title: Albert Pujols

text: At age 19, Pujols was drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals. He was a very low draft pick (402nd in the 13th round of the draft). He played his first season with one of the Cardinals' minor league teams, the Peoria Chiefs.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Port Arthur has the best example of a "Separate Prison" system. This system was started at Pentonville prison in London. The Separate Prison (sometimes called the Model Prison) was started in 1848, finished in 1853 and made bigger in 1855. It has 80 prison cells built in the shape of a cross. In the centre is a hall and a chapel. There are exercise yards built between the arms of the cross. The Separate system was a change in the way that prisoners were treated. Instead of physical punishment the system used psychological (mind) punishment. It was thought that physical punishment, such as whippings, only made prisoners worse. It did not turn bad people into good people. In the Separate prison they used the "Silent System". Prisoners wore a hood over their heads. They were not allowed to talk or make any noise. The guards wore special shoes and walked on mats so they wouldn't make any noise. Even in the chapel, each prisoner was kept in a separate wooden box where they could only see the altar. The prisoners were supposed to use the quiet time to think about the bad things they had done. Port Arthur was seen as the best prison in Australia.


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: Seton's husband died in Italy on December 27, 1803. Seton learned about Roman Catholicism in Italy. After she came back to the United States, she joined the Catholic Church. She was received on March 14, 1805 by the Rev. Matthew O'Brien, pastor of St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, New York.


title: Albert Pujols

text: After one full season with the Chiefs, Pujols got onto the Cardinals' roster after a teammate got injured. Later two of the Cardinals' best players also got injured, and Pujols became a regular player. In his first season with the Cardinals, he had 37 RBIs and 130 home runs, and posted a .329 on-base average. He won the Rookie of the Year Award, earning every vote.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Port Arthur was a natural prison. It is on the Tasman Peninsula which is almost completely surrounded by the sea. It is joined to the rest of Tasmania by a small narrow piece of land about 30 metres wide. This is called Eaglehawk Neck. The Neck had a fence, prison guards, and savage dogs to stop prisoners from leaving. There was no contact between visiting seamen and prisoners. Ships had to give the guards their sails and oars when they arrived to stop people leaving without permission. A semaphore message system was also set up between Port Arthur and Hobart. Messages could be sent in just 15 minutes.


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: In 1809, Seton moved to Emmitsburg, Maryland. A year later she started the Saint Joseph's Academy and Free School. That school was dedicated to the education of Catholic girls.


title: Albert Pujols

text: In 2002, Pujols was the runner-up for the Most Valuable Player Award, and the Cardinals reached the National League Championship Series.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Escape from Port Arthur was said to be impossible, like Alcatraz Island in the United States. Some prisoners did try to escape. One prisoner, George "Billy" Hunt, covered himself with a kangaroo skin and tried to get across the Neck. The hungry guards on duty tried to shoot him to make an extra meal. When he saw them pointing their guns, Hunt gave himself up. He was whipped 150 times. Bushranger Martin Cash successfully escaped along with two others.


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: On July 31, Elizabeth established a religious community in Emmitsburg. This community took care of poor children. This was the first congregation of religious sisters to be founded in the United States. Its school was the first free Catholic school in America. This was the start of the Catholic parochial school system in the United States.


title: Albert Pujols

text: In 2006, the Cardinals won the World Series. Pujols was also named to the National League All-Star Team that year.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: The British Empire's first boys' prison was built on Point Puer, 3 km across Opossum Bay from Port Arthur. Puer is the Latin word for boy. It was for young boys, some as young as 9, like James Lynch, arrested for stealing toys. The boys were kept away from the main convict area. About 3,500 boys were sent to Point Puer. Like the adults, the boys were given hard work such as stone cutting and building. There was also a school run by 2 ex-convicts. One prisoner was James Gavagan. When he was 11 he stole some umbrellas. He was sent to Tasmania for 7 years. He arrived at Point Puer in 1835. When he turned 17, he was sent to the main prison at Port Arthur. He was released in March 1842. There is only a few stones left to mark the site of the boys' prison. Point Puer Excavation


title: Elizabeth Ann Seton

text: Seton spent the rest of her life developing her religious community. She died of tuberculosis on January 4, 1821. She was 46. Her remains are in the National Shrine of Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton in Emmitsburg, Maryland.


title: Albert Pujols

text: Since 2006, Pujols has won many awards, like the Players' Choice Most Outstanding Player Award, the Players' Choice Player of the Year Award, and the National League Home Run Award.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: The convicts built one of Australia's first non-denominational churches, built in a gothic style. All prisoners had to go to the church every Sunday. People who did not like the new prison system said that this did not seem to make the prisoners into good people.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Port Arthur was seen as a much better prison, and would make the convicts better people. But life at Port Arthur was just as hard and brutal as other penal colonies. Some critics might even say that its use of psychological punishment, together with no hope of escape, made it one of the worst. Some stories say that prisoners would murder others to escape the prison. Murder would be punished by death. Isle of the Dead is a small island in the bay near Port Arthur. Everyone who died at the penal colony was buried on the island. There are 1646 graves on the island, but only 180, mainly those of prison staff, have a headstone.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: The first railway in Australia was a human powered railway at Port Arthur. The railway was built in 1836. The line ran from the beach at Taranna, Tasmania for 7 kms to Port Arthur. It carried both people and supplies. It meant that ships from Hobart could unload in the calm water and not have to travel right around Cape Raoul to Port Arthur through rough seas. The carriage was pushed along the tracks by 4 convicts. Very little sign of the railway has survived. The State Library of Victoria has a drawing of the convict railway.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: When the penal colony closed in 1877 the area was renamed "Carnavon". During the 1880s the was sold and a small town was started. Many buildings were pulled down and the bricks sent to make new buildings in Hobart. Fires burned the area in 1895 and 1897 and ruined many of the old prison buildings. Some buildings were changed for the new town to make a post office and town hall.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Tourism started as soon as the prison closed. This brought money into the new town. Some of the old convicts gave guided tours of the prison. In 1927 tourism had grown so much the area's name was changed back to Port Arthur. 1916 saw the start of the Scenery Preservation Board (SPB) which looked after the Port Arthur site. By the 1970s the National Parks and Wildlife Service took over the site.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: In 1979 the government gave money to protect the site as a tourist area, because of its historical importance. The post office and town hall of Port Arthur were moved to nearby Nubeena. Several grand sandstone buildings, built by convicts were cleaned up. These buildings include the Separate Prison, the Round Tower, the church, and the remains of the main prison building. The buildings are surrounded by green grass.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: The mass graves on The Island of the Dead also attract visitors. The air about the small bush-covered island is described as being sad and peaceful by visitors.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Tourists can either walk around the area themselves, or go on a guided tours. There are also late night ""ghost tours"". There is a museum, with written records, tools, clothing and other interesting things from convict times.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: Since 1987 the site has been managed by the Port Arthur Historic Site Management Authority, paid for by the Tasmanian Government.


title: Port Arthur, Tasmania

text: On 28 April 1996, Martin Bryant killed 35 people and hurt 37 others at Port Arthur. He was captured by the police. This is now called the Port Arthur massacre. This led to a national ban on semi-automatic shotguns and rifles. It also made a link between the Port Arthur and Dunblane, a Scottish town which also had a shooting that year.


title: The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack

text: The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack is an American animated television series made for Cartoon Network that started on June 5, 2008. The show was made by cartoonist Thurop Van Orman, who has worked as a writer and storyboard artist on "Camp Lazlo" and "The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy". the main point of the marvelous misadventures of flapjack is the main characters (captain knuckles, flapjack & bubbie) trying to find the magical island of candied island. flapjack is an adventurous little boy taking after and learning from captain knuckles, knuckles plays the role of a lazy sailor who is addicted to maple syrup, and bubbie is a antropomorphic whale who is the foster mother of flapjack and protects him from dangerous recurring situations in the series of which he is naïve. The series premiered airs at 7:00 a.m. ET/PT time on June 7, 2008 on Cartoon Network in the United States.


title: Degree (mathematics)

text: The degree of a polynomial formula_1 is the highest exponent that occurs inside that polynomial. It is represented by the symbol formula_2.


title: Dale Earnhardt

text: Ralph Dale Earnhardt, Sr. (April 29, 1951 – February 18, 2001) was an American NASCAR driver. He is the father of race car driver Dale Earnhardt, Jr. He started Dale Earnhardt, Inc., also called DEI. Earnhardt died in a crash during the Daytona 500 in 2001. The accident happened a few seconds before his own son came second in that race, and a DEI car driven by Michael Waltrip won the race. He died because he was trying to hold everybody back so his son (Dale Earnhardt Jr.) could maybe win the race. While he was trying to do that, someone bumped his car, he lost control and crashed into the wall. After that they took him to the hospital and he died.


title: Chera dynasty

text: The Chera dynasty (Tamil: சேரர் Malayalam: േചര ) was one of the ancient Tamil dynasties who ruled the southern India from ancient times until around the fifteenth century CE. The Early Cheras ruled over the Malabar Coast, Coimbatore, Karur and Salem Districts in South India, which now forms part of the modern day Kerala and Tamil Nadu states of India.


title: Taung Child

text: The Taung Child is a fossil of a skull. The skull also has an imprint of the brain. It belongs to an "Australopithecus africanus". It was discovered in 1924 by a quarryman working for the Northern Lime Company in Taung, South Africa. Raymond Dart, an anatomist at the University of Witwatersrand, looked at the fossil, and saw its importance. Dart published his account in the journal "Nature" in 1925, describing it as a new species.


title: Injil

text: The Injil (, alternative spellings: "Ingil" or "Injeel") is the translation of bible to Arabic. Muslims believe the Injil is to be followed, but has corrupted over time and over the disputes of what should be in he bible and how it should be translated. Muslims believe the Qur'an is the true successor.


title: Ampullariidae

text: Ampullariidae, the apple snails, is a family of large freshwater snails. It is the largest species of snail. Apple snails are most commonly found in Africa, South and Central America, West Indies, Southern USA, and Asia, but can be found all over the world. They are well adapted to their region and therefore can also be sold as pets and bought at most pet stores in the US. Apple snails are the preferred type of pet snail because of their appearance and size. Apple snails are also called golden mystery snails, golden snails, and mystery snails.


title: Ryan Higa

text: Ryan Higa (also known by his YouTube username nigahiga) is an American YouTube celebrity, actor, comedian, and producer. He moved to Las Vegas to study filmmaking at University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Higa's videos are either solo efforts or videos with other people. He's known for his YouTube comedy videos. They have been viewed 3.3 billion times. , Higa's YouTube channel has more than 19 million subscribers.


title: Ida of Bernicia

text: Ida ( ) is the first known king of the Anglian kingdom of Bernicia. He was called Ida the 'Flame-bearer' by Welsh poets. Ida ruled from around 547 until his death. He is considered the founder of a line of Anglian kings who later ruled the powerful kingdom of Northumbria.


title: Bill Berry

text: William Thomas Berry (born July 31, 1958) is an American former musician. He was the drummer for the alternative rock band R.E.M. from 1980 until he left the music industry in 1997. Although known for his drumming, he also played many other instruments, including guitar, bass guitar and piano. He was also a songwriter for the band. He became a farmer after leaving the music industry. He made many reunions with R.E.M. after leaving.


title: Engine knocking

text: Engine knocking is the sound produced in an internal combustion engine when the fuel does not ignite properly. The mixture of petrol and air is meant to be ignited only by the spark plug at the right moment in the stroke of the piston in the engine. If there is a problem with the engine, this fuel and air mixture can be ignited at the wrong time by pressure and heat. The explosion of the mixture makes a destructive knocking sound. This uncontrolled explosion can damage the engine and may even destroy it.


title: Arlene Foster

text: Dame Arlene Isabel Foster MLA PC (; born 17 July 1970) is a Northern Irish politician. She was the First Minister of Northern Ireland from 2020 until 2021, having also served this role from 2016 to 2017. She also was the leader of the largest Northern Irish political party, the Democratic Unionist Party, from 2015 until 2021. She is a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly, representing Fermanagh and South Tyrone. She strongly supports Northern Ireland staying in the United Kingdom and is a member of the Protestant Church of Ireland.


title: Non-volatile random-access memory

text: Non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) is a type of computer memory. It is permanent storage similar to a hard drive. The startup configuration is stored in NVRAM. The best known form of NVRAM today is the flash drive.


title: Boxing gloves

text: Boxing gloves are giant gloves that boxers wear when fighting. These gloves are used to protect a boxer's hand. Boxing gloves are normally eight to ten ounces in weight. Boxing gloves are used in most forms of boxing. "Bare knuckle boxing" means fighting without wearing gloves.


title: Kizuna AI

text: Kizuna says that she is the world's first virtual Youtuber. However the first channel to use a character made with computer graphics on YouTube was Ami Yamato. Kizuna’s videos are similar to many other YouTubers. She does discussions, Q&A videos, and “Let’s Play” videos. Kizuna only speaks Japanese, so fans write translations for her videos. Kizuna has performed at anime gatherings and has also worked with game companies.


title: Murder of James Bulger

text: James Patrick Bulger (16 March 1990 – 12 February 1993) was a 2-year-old boy from Kirkby, Merseyside, England, who was kidnapped, tortured and killed by two 10-year-old boys, Robert Thompson and Jon Venables, on 12 February 1993.


title: Grizzly–polar bear hybrid

text: A grizzly–polar bear hybrid, also called a pizzly bear, is a rare hybrid of a polar bear and a grizzly bear. They exist both in captivity and in the wild. In 2006, the hybrid was confirmed by DNA testing of a strange-looking bear that was shot near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories on Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Sally Hemings (1773-1835) was an enslaved woman from Virginia. She is famous for her relationship with Thomas Jefferson. People say she was his mistress or his concubine or the girl he was raping, but we do not know for sure. We do know that they had seven children together over many years. Most of what we know about Sally Hemings comes from things her son, Madison, said about her many years later.


title: Seth Gabel

text: Seth Gabel (born October 3, 1981) is an American actor. Gabel is known for his roles of agent Lincoln Lee on Fox's television series "Fringe", Cotton Mather on WGN America's series "Salem", and Adrian Moore on the FX series "Nip/Tuck".


title: 2022 Pakistan floods

text: Since June 2022, floods in Pakistan have killed at least 1,191 people, including 399 children. The floods were caused by monsoon rains and melting glaciers. It is the world's deadliest flood since the 2017 South Asian floods. On 25 August, Pakistan declared a state of emergency because of the flooding. By 29 August, it was said that around 'one-third' of the country was underwater. By 2 September, the death toll passed 1,200.


title: Shivkumar Sharma

text: Pandit Shivkumar Sharma (13 January 1938 – 10 May 2022) was an Indian composer and santoor player. He was born in Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, British Raj. His career began in 1955. Some of the movies he composed music for were musical hits, such as "Faasle" (1985), "Chandni" (1989), "Lamhe" (1991), and "Darr" (1993).


title: Degree (mathematics)

text: For example, if we look at the polynomial formula_3, then we can see that the degree of this polynomial is formula_4, because the highest power in the variable formula_5 is formula_4. It occurs in the term formula_7.


title: Dale Earnhardt

text: Earnhardt respected his father, who quit school in sixth grade, His father worked hard and started driving for NASCAR, eventually entering the NASCAR Hall-of-Fame.


title: Taung Child

text: British anthropologists at the time believed in the Piltdown Man. This hoax had a large brain and ape-like teeth – the exact opposite of the Taung Child – so Dart's finding was not appreciated for decades.


title: Ampullariidae

text: Apple snails live in water. They prefer water temperatures between 18°-28° Celsius, or 65°-82° Fahrenheit. They eat things like fresh fruits, lettuce, other vegetables, algae and wafers. However, they are not called apple snails because they eat apples. They get their name from the fact that one species of apple snails can grow to be the size of an apple. Apple snails are also common aquarium pets because of their size. They also prefer to be with other snails. They are good pets because they can live in almost any water condition, for example, water with low/high levels of oxygen, and various temperatures. Although they can live in water with high oxygen, this makes them move slower.


title: Ryan Higa

text: Higa was born in Hilo, Hawaii on June 6, 1990. He holds a black belt in Judo. He also wrestled, and graduated from Waiakea High School in 2008.


title: Ida of Bernicia

text: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, under the year 547 states: "In this year Ida assumed the kingdom, from whom arose the royal race of the Northumbrians, and reigned twelve years, and he built "Bebanburh" (Bamborough), which was at first inclosed by a hedge, and afterwards by a wall." Ida captured the fortress of "Din Guairi" from the Britons. It would later be renamed Bamburgh. He defeated their leader who was named Outigern. Ida was a powerful warrior and king according to early sources. He is seen to have brought the north (north of the River Humber) under his protection. Ida would have been an . But at Ida's death his overkingship did not pass to his successor. At the time Ida ruled, Bernicia would have had British kingdoms to their north and west. Most these kingdoms were conquered at some point by the Bernicians. No records of the individual kingdoms or the battles they fought mention Ida. To the south was the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Deira.


title: Bill Berry

text: Berry was born in Duluth, Minnesota. In 1995, he had a brain aneurysm while performing with R.E.M. in Lausanne, Switzerland. He made a recovery. He and his girlfriend have a son, born in 2003.


title: Arlene Foster

text: On 28 April 2021, after more than 20 DUP MLAs and four DUP MPs signed a letter "...voicing no confidence in her leadership", Foster announced that she would resign as party leader on 28 May 2021 and as First Minister and MLA in June 2021.


title: Kizuna AI

text: Kizuna AI was made by a company called Activ8 in 2016. She is part of a project called "Project A.I.”. In 2018, the project was moved to an in-house agency called “upd8". In 24 April 2020, the project was moved to a new company called Kizuna AI Inc. At the same time, Nozomi Kasuga, a Japanese voice actress, announced that she was the voice of Kizuna AI. Kasuga is also the advisor of the new company. Kizuna AI Inc. started business on 11 May 2020. The CEO is Eriko Matsumoto.


title: Murder of James Bulger

text: Bulger was taken away from the New Strand Shopping Centre in Bootle, Merseyside. His tortured body was found on a railway line away in Walton, Liverpool, Merseyside, two days after his abduction. Thompson and Venables were charged on 20 February 1993 with Bulger's abduction and murder.


title: Sally Hemings

text: According to Madison Hemings, Sally Hemings' grandmother was a fully African woman and might have been born in Africa. She was enslaved to the Eppes family in Virginia. Historians do not know for sure what her name was. Papers with the names of enslaved women in the Eppes family include "Dinah," "Judy," "Abbie," "Sarah," "Parthenia," and others. Historian Annette Gordon-Reed said that there were many girls named "Thenia" in the Hemings family, and they might have been named after Parthenia. But she also says that "Sally" is a nickname for "Sarah," and there were many girls named "Sarah" and "Sally" in the Hemings family too.


title: Degree (mathematics)

text: The name of the variable is not important. For example, the polynomial formula_8 has degree formula_9, because the highest power of the variable, in this case formula_10, is formula_9, which occurs in the term formula_12.


title: Taung Child

text: The fossil consists of most of the skull, face and mandible with teeth. It also has a natural endocast (imprint) of the braincase. It is about 2.5 million years old.


title: Ampullariidae

text: A snail has a basic anatomy like any other mollusk. They have a shell, a nervous system, a circulatory system, a respiratory system, and a reproductive system. The circulatory system has an open heart system, which pumps blood which flows over all of the organs in the snails body without veins or arteries. The respiratory system includes gills and lungs. They need gills to be able to live in water. They have lungs because their bodies adapted to their environment because of frequent droughts; so they need lungs to breathe during the droughts. Their nervous system includes their brain, which controls their body. They are one of the only species of snails that are not hermaphrodites. Each gender has its own reproductive parts.


title: Ryan Higa

text: Higa and Fujiyoshi Sean started posting YouTube videos of themselves lip-synching to songs in mid-2006 while attending Waiakea High School. They quickly expanded beyond songs, with a variety of other comedic pieces. Occasional guest appearances were made by Enos Tim, Villaruel Ryan, Chun Kyle, and Nago Tarynn.


title: Ida of Bernicia

text: Nennius in his "Historia Brittonum" wrote that Ida united Bernicia with Deira. He also claimed that Ida was the first king of a united Northumbria 50 years before it actually happened. But Ida does not appear on any of the king's list for Deira. The king of Deira at this time was Yffi. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Ida had died by 560. Ida was succeeded by Glappa who reigned for one year.


title: Kizuna AI

text: Kizuna is an online virtual character made with software. The people behind Kizuna, such as video animators, producers, video editors, and players of games are unknown. Kizuna’s videos are made by Activ8 in Tokyo.


title: Murder of James Bulger

text: They were found guilty on 24 November 1993, making them the youngest convicted murderers in modern British history. They were released in 2001. In November 2017, Venables was again sent to prison for having child abuse images on his computer.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Sally Hemings' mother was called Elizabeth "Betty" Hemings. Madison Hemings told the story: Elizabeth Hemings' mother was an African woman and her father was an English sea captain named Hemings. The sea captain tried to buy Elizabeth Hemings from her owner, but the owner said no. He said he wanted to see what a half-white, half-African child would look like. Then Captain Hemings tried to take the child away from the owner without paying, but someone told the owner about his plan. Captain Hemings left Virginia and did not come back.


title: Taung Child

text: Taung Child is believed to have been about three years old at the time of its death. It was a creature standing 3' 6" (105 cm) at approximately 20-24 pounds. Taung Child had a cranial capacity of 340 cc, living mainly in a savanna habitat. Examinations of Taung Child compared to that of an equivalent 9-year-old child suggest that "A. africanus" had a growth rate to adolescence which is about the same as that found in modern apes like chimpanzees rather than that of modern "Homo sapiens". However, later species such as "Homo ergaster"/"Homo erectus" went through growth at rates between modern humans and apes. The evidence has mostly been based on that of Turkana boy discovered in 1984.


title: Ampullariidae

text: Apple snails are herbivores, so they eat mostly aquatic vegetation, and algae. In captivity, they are commonly fed fish food, along with supplements of rotting organic waste, such as vegetables.. To digest food, apple snails first break up food with the radula teeth, and then the food will be swallowed, and travel down the esophagus and to the stomach. It will eventually exit through the anus as feces. Apple snails will eat most aquatic vegetation, and can "ruin" the look of an aquarium very quickly, as they are scavengers.


title: Ryan Higa

text: On Christmas Eve of 2008, Higa and Fujiyoshi's two most popular videos, "How To Be Gangster" and "How To Be Emo", were removed due to copyright violations. On January 21, 2009, the nigahiga account was temporarily suspended and was required to remove more copyrighted videos. Because of this, nigahiga's lip-synching videos were all removed (with the exception of "You're Beautiful", which was audio swapped), along with most of his other videos that included copyrighted music. Since then, Higa started composing the music himself. "How to be Gangster" and "How to be Emo" were put back on nigahiga's channel in late August 2009, only to be removed a few days later, along with "How to be Ninja" and "How to be Nerd". In Spring 2010, "How to be Ninja", "How to be Gangster" and "How to be Emo" were made public once more.


title: Kizuna AI

text: Kizuna knows that she is a virtual character and says that she is a self-thinking artificial intelligence.


title: Murder of James Bulger

text: The Bulger case created a debate on the issue of how to handle young serious crime offenders when they are sentenced or released from custody.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Captain Hemings tried to take his daughter from one of the men in the Eppes family, but historians do not know which one because they do not know when Elizabeth Hemings was born. One paper says "about 1735."


title: Taung Child

text: In early 2006 it was announced that the Taung Child was likely killed by an eagle (or similar large predatory bird). This conclusion was reached by noting similarities in the damage to the skull and eye sockets of the Taung Child to the skulls of primates known to have been killed by modern eagles.


title: Ampullariidae

text: Apple snails have an open circulatory system. This means that the heart pumps blood, but instead of it pumping through veins and arteries like humans have, the blood washes over the organs, and the organs absorb it on contact. After the blood is pumped and the nutrients have been absorbed, it flows back to the heart to take the carbon dioxide away and to get new oxygen.


title: Ryan Higa

text: Due to Higa Ryan moving to Las Vegas for college, most of the nigahiga videos are solo efforts. They usually feature collaborations with other users.


title: Kizuna AI

text: Kizuna introduces herself in her first video. Her name, “AI” is related to the kanji “愛” meaning love. Her surname “Kizuna” means to connect. Kizuna is designed as a young animated girl.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Elizabeth Hemings lived at the Eppes family's house, which was called Bermuda Hundred, until 1746. That year, Martha Eppes married John Wayles. Elizabeth and other enslaved people went with Martha to Wayle's house as part of her marriage settlement. A marriage settlement was any property that a married woman could control and her husband couldn't. Technically, the Eppes family owned Elizabeth Hemings.


title: Taung Child

text: The left hand side of the endocast of the Taung child is covered in beautiful calcium carbonate crystals.


title: Ampullariidae

text: The male snail has two kinds of sperm. One is for attaching onto the female's egg, and the function of the other sperm is unknown.


title: Ryan Higa

text: The nigahiga YouTube channel was created on July 20, 2006, by Ryan Higa, Sean Fujiyoshi, Tim Enos, and Tarynn Nago (known collectively as "The Yabo Crew"). By December 21, 2010, it had reached 3 million subscribers, the first channel to do so. According to Higa, his channel name is a combination of "Niga", which means "rant" in Japanese, and his last name, "Higa".


title: Sally Hemings

text: Elizabeth Hemings had many children. The father of most of those children, including Sally, was John Wayles. John Wayles also had children with his wife, Martha Eppes. This made Sally Hemings the half-sister of Martha Wayles Skelton, who married Thomas Jefferson.


title: Taung Child

text: Its significance lies in the fact that this was the first of the fossils which had been found in the twenties and thirties to provide evidence that humans indeed have a 'natural history' all of their own – just as Darwin had predicted.


title: Ampullariidae

text: The female's eggs are stored in the "ovaria" which is near the digestive gland. It goes to the receptaculum seminis, where the male's sperm is stored. The eggs are fertilized here. Then, after the eggs are fertilized, they are sent to the shell gland which will give the eggs a protective shell. After, they shall continue down their tube and leave the mother's body, waiting to be hatched.


title: Ryan Higa

text: He created a second channel, under the name HigaTV, in 2011, where he posts video blogs and behind the scenes movies. In May 2014, it had over 2.1 million subscribers.


title: Sally Hemings

text: When Martha Wayles Skelton married Jefferson, Hemings and many people in her family went with Martha Skelton to Jefferson's house at Monticello. Sally Hemings would have been about ten years old when Martha Wayles Skelton-Jefferson died. Historians think Sally Hemings and her mother Elizabeth may have helped take care of Martha Wayles Skelton-Jefferson was sick. Martha Wayles Skelton-Jefferson left Sally a present in her will: a small silver bell.


title: Ryan Higa

text: In 2012, Higa helped form the YOMYOMF Network, which hosts the online video-making talent competition, "Internet Icon", of which he serves alongside Lakin Christine and DeLaGhetto Timothy as main judges.


title: Sally Hemings

text: When Thomas Jefferson went to France to be ambassador, he only took his oldest daughter with him. He also took Sally Hemings's older brother, James Hemings. Jefferson left his younger two daughters behind with his wife's relatives in Virginia. Then the youngest of the three girls died. Jefferson then wrote to his wife's relatives and asked them to send the middle girl, Maria, nicknamed "Polly," to him in France. It took two years for them to agree.


title: Ryan Higa

text: In 2008, Vleet Van Richard offered to help them create their first feature-length film. The resulting film, "Ryan and Sean's Not So Excellent Adventure", was directed by Vleet Van Richard and released on November 14, 2008. It was shown in sold out theaters in Hawaii and California. The DVD was released on July 14, 2009, in the USA.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Jefferson told the relatives to choose one of the enslaved women to go with his daughter to France. He said the woman should be older, already inoculated for smallpox, and of a steady personality. He asked for an enslaved woman named Isabel, then twenty-nine years old. But Isabel had just had a baby, so she could not come. Jefferson's wife's relatives sent Sally Hemings instead. Sally Hemings was not any of the three things Jefferson had asked for. She was only fourteen, not inoculated for smallpox, and had a lively personality.


title: Ryan Higa

text: "Ryan and Sean's Not So Excellent Adventure" is about a down on his luck movie producer, played by Buckley Michael, who is seeking out famous celebrities in order to make a hit movie in 30 days or risk being fired. He chooses Higa Ryan and Fujiyoshi Sean after discovering the popularity of their YouTube videos. He invites them to Hollywood to make a movie. They accept the offer. They run into some amusing situations on the way.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Abigail Adams met Hemings when the ship stopped in London. Abigail Adams wrote to Jefferson and said he should send Hemings back to Virginia on a ship, but he did not. She said Hemings would probably be as much work to take care of as Polly was. She wrote that Hemings was running around, laughing and playing with Polly. At the time, Adams thought Hemings was sixteen years old, but she was really fourteen years old. We do not know for sure why Abigail Adams wanted Jefferson to send Hemings back to Virginia.


title: Ryan Higa

text: "Ninja Melk", a short film, was released in August 2009. The plot revolves around a ninja master named Master Ching Ching sending his student Lapchung (played by Murata Bryson) to find a replacement, finding Higa and Fujiyoshi to catch the evil Bokchoy (played by Enos Tim) and his henchwoman, Gina (played by Nago Tarynn).


title: Sally Hemings

text: In France, Hemings worked as a servant for Jefferson and as a lady's maid to Jefferson's oldest daughter, Martha. Jefferson paid her. Jefferson's writings show him buying clothes that Hemings could wear to outings with Martha. We do not know when Jefferson began having sex with Hemings. She was pregnant when Jefferson wanted to go back to Virginia.


title: Ryan Higa

text: An independent film he created with Wong Fu Productions called "Agents of Secret Stuff" was uploaded on Higa's channel on November 24, 2010. It features some other popular YouTube users as well as actors such as Aki Aleong. "Agents of Secret Stuff" is about a teenage A.S.S. (Agent of Secret Stuff) (Higa) who is sent undercover to a high school to protect one of the students, a girl named Taylor (Cho Arden) from the A.S.S.'s enemy, the S.I.N.S (Society Involving Not-So-Good Stuff). It included guest appearances from Ian and Anthony of Smosh, D-Trix, KassemG and Hiimrawn. Higa has also starred on an episode of "Supah Ninjas", playing DJ Elephant Head, a master plotter who uses his hypnotizing electronic music to make people fall asleep to commit robberies.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Historian Annette Gordon-Reed wonders why Hemings agreed to go back to Virginia with Jefferson. There were about 1000 black people living in Paris at the time, and more of them were men than women. Gordon-Reed notes that if Sally Hemings had stayed in Paris, she probably could have gotten married or started her own business if she'd wanted to. Gordon-Reed says that Jefferson had planned to come back to France after after staying in Virginia only a short time. But the French Revolution's Reign of Terror happened, and he changed his plans.


title: Sally Hemings

text: The laws of France in the 1770s and 1780s did not allow people to keep slaves in France (they could keep slaves in France's colonies). People who brought slaves to France had to either send them away or free them within a certain time. Enslaved people who knew about the law sometimes went to the admiralty court and ask the French government to say they were free. Sally Hemings and her brother could have done this. Gordon-Reed notes that this would have made Jefferson and the United States look bad to the French. She also notes that if Jefferson had freed James and Sally Hemings, it would have made Jefferson and the United States look good to the French.


title: Sally Hemings

text: However, neither of these two things happened. According to Hemings and Jefferson's son Madison, Sally Hemings negotiated with Jefferson. Jefferson, James Hemings and Sally Hemings made a deal in private: Jefferson promised to free all of Sally Hemings's children, whether he was their father or not. Jefferson promised to free James Hemings after he had taught more people at Monticello how to cook in the French way.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Visitors to Monticello remembered Sally Hemings taking care of Jefferson's clothes and sewing. In Jefferson's writings, he called her "Maria's maid."


title: Sally Hemings

text: Legally, Sally Hemings was never freed. But historians believe that Jefferson's daughter Martha "gave Sally her time." This was a thing that slave owners would do in the early 1800s: They would let an older slave live as if they were free.


title: Sally Hemings

text: The 1830 Virginia census lists Sally, Madison, and Eston as free white people. The 1831 census lists Sally Hemings as a "free mulatto," meaning a free person who is half white and half black. In that census, Hemings said she had been living in Charlottesville, Virginia since 1826.


title: Sally Hemings

text: People who did not like Jefferson wrote about him and Hemings. They said the fact that Jefferson had children with a black woman was a reason not to vote for him.


title: Sally Hemings

text: In 1802, Jefferson was President of the United States. That year, writer James Callendar wrote about Jefferson and Hemings in his newspaper. He called Sally Hemings a "concubine" and said that she and Jefferson had children.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Virginia became more racist as the American Civil War got closer. Jefferson's grandchildren did not want people to know their grandfather had sex with a black woman. They told people that perhaps Jefferson's nephew had been the father of Hemings's children. A man named Edmund Bacon wrote about working as an overseer at Monticello and said Jefferson was not the father of Harriet Hemings. But Bacon was not at Monticello until after Harriet was five years old.


title: Sally Hemings

text: During the 20th century, not all historians believed that Jefferson was the father of Hemings's children. Even Eston Hemings Jefferson's descendants changed their story: They said one of Jefferson's other relatives must have been Eston's father.


title: Sally Hemings

text: In 1998, DNA testing showed that someone from Jefferson's male line must have been the father of Hemings's son Eston. Scientists tested the Y chromosome of Jefferson's uncle and the Y chromosome of Jefferson's nephews' grandfather on their own father's side. They compared these chromosomes to the Y chromosomes of Eston's male descendants. They found that Eston's family had Y chromosomes like Jefferson's and not like his nephews'. Before the tests, about a third of historians believed Thomas Jefferson had been the father of Hemings' children, about a third did not, and about a third were undecided. After the test, about two thirds believed Thomas Jefferson was the father of Hemings' children.


title: Sally Hemings

text: Because Jefferson's nephews were not of his same male line, none of them could have been Eston's father. Historian Gordon-Reed matched this against letters and other records showing when Jefferson and Hemings were in the same place, and said that Jefferson could have been the father of all Hemings' children. For example, he was always at Monticello the right number of months before one of Hemings's children was born.


title: Sally Hemings

text: In 2000, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation said it was likely that Jefferson was the father of all Hemings's children.


title: Sally Hemings

text: In 2001, the Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society said Jefferson's younger brother must have been the father of Hemings's children.


title: Sally Hemings

text: We do not know what Sally Hemings looked like. Newspapers making fun of Jefferson drew pictures of her as very dark-skinned, but most of those artists had never seen her. People who saw Hemings and wrote about her said she was light-skinned with long, straight hair.


title: Sally Hemings

text: One visitor to Monticello said she was very beautiful. She was 37 when he saw her and had already had many children.


title: Sally Hemings

text: In 1995, the movie "Jefferson in Paris" showed Hemings as an older teenager who willingly seeks a relationship with Jefferson. In this movie, she returns with Jefferson to Virginia because she wants to go home.


title: Alpine tundra

text: In physical geography, an alpine tundra, alpine habitat, alpine zone, or alpine biome is in the mountains. The alpine habitat is too high up for trees to grow but not so high that the snow and ice never melt. There are alpine places all over the Earth. There are tropical alpine places and arctic alpine places. Many alpine places are 3000 meters (10,000 feet) above sea level, but they can be higher or lower depending on how far from the equator and ocean they are.


title: Hall of fame

text: A hall of fame is a type of museum for awards in certain areas where awards can be given, for example sport, art, theatre, music, agriculture, military and many more areas. A hall of fame is sometimes an actual building where awards, trophies and memrobilia are stored but sometimes a hall of Fame is just a list of award winners. To get into a hall of fame in any area, one must be the best in that area, or one of the best.


title: James Hansen

text: James E. Hansen (born March 29, 1941 in Denison, Iowa) headed the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York City, a part of the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, Earth Sciences Division until early 2013. He is currently an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia University. Hansen is best known for his research in the field of climatology, his testimony on climate change to congressional committees in the 1980s that helped raise broad awareness of the global warming issue, and his continuing advocacy of action to limit the impacts of climate change. He has been a critic of the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush Administration's stances on climate change.


title: Norman Mineta

text: Norman Yoshio Mineta (, "Mineta Yoshio"; November 12, 1931 – May 3, 2022) was an American politician.


title: Curt Hennig

text: Curtis Michael "Curt" Hennig (March 28, 1958 – February 10, 2003) was an American professional wrestler, manager and color commentator. He is known for competing in the American Wrestling Association (AWA), World Wrestling Federation (WWF), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). He competed under his real name and under the ring name, Mr. Perfect.


title: XYZ Affair

text: France was taking American ships in 1797. President John Adams wanted to avoid a war with France, so he sent officials to France to discuss the rights of neutral nations. However, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, the French foreign minister, sent three secret agents who insisted that America give a loan to France and pay a bribe. President Adams refused the offer that France gave. When he told the public in 1798, he addressed the Frenchmen as X, Y, and Z, hence the name of this affair. People hated the XYZ Affair, saying, “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!” America soon quickly declined France’s offer. John Adams decided to start preparing for unofficial war, but not declaring war so as to keep peace.


title: Pig War (1859)

text: The Pig War was a border dispute in 1859 between the U.S and Great Britain over the San Juan Island on the U.S-British border. This island is occupied by both British and American citizens. In 1859, a pig owned by a British employee of Charles Griffin got onto the farm of an American farmer named Lyman Cutlar. The pig fed on Lyman's potatoes and this made him kill the pig.


title: Don Young

text: Donald Edwin "Don" Young (June 9, 1933 – March 18, 2022) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. He was the U.S. Representative for from 1973 until 2022.


title: Sgt. Slaughter

text: Robert Remus (born March 27, 1948, in Parris Island, South Carolina) better known by his ring name, Sgt. Slaughter, is a retired American professional wrestler that is best known for wrestling for WWF/E under the ring name Sgt. Slaughter.


title: Jitsi

text: Jitsi is a group of free and open-source voice (VoIP), videoconferencing and instant messaging for many platforms, like the web platform, Windows, Linux, macOS, iOS and Android. The Jitsi project started with Jitsi Desktop (previously known as SIP Communicator). With the growth of WebRTC, the Jitsi team decided to focus on Jitsi Videobridge for doing web-based video calling for multiple people. Later the team added Jitsi Meet, a full video conferencing application that includes web, Android, and iOS clients. Jitsi also operates meet.jit.si, a version of Jitsi Meet hosted by Jitsi for free to be used by the community. Other projects are: Jigasi, lib-jitsi-meet, Jidesha, and Jitsi.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Lactic acid fermentation is how glucose or other monosaccharide sugars are converted into lactic acid and energy. There may also be other by-products of this fermentation. It also works with other sugars, such as sucrose or lactose. Lactic acid bacteria use fermentation to get energy. Fungi, plants and animals will also use this it, if there is a lack of oxygen. As an example, it occurs in muscle cells. With humans, it occurs if there's too little oxygen in the blood, known as Hypoxemia.


title: Alpine tundra

text: Alpine places are usually very windy, so the plants that live there are usually short and strong. They are also very cold and dry. This high up, there is not much carbon dioxide in the air, which also makes it harder for plants to grow. Alpine plants grow slowly. When living things die in alpine places, their bodies break apart slowly. This means that the soil in alpine places is not very good.


title: Hall of fame

text: The first hall of fame was the Forum Augustum in Ancient Rome. It was built by Augustus who vowed to build a temple honoring Mars, the Roman God of war, during the battle of Philippi in 42 BC. The Forum incuded statues of heroes of the Ancient world.


title: James Hansen

text: Hansen studied astronomy and physics in the 1960s at the University of Iowa. He did scientific research on the atmospheres of other planets, and later Earth's atmosphere. Hansen was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1996 and he received a US$250,000 Heinz Environment Award


title: Norman Mineta

text: He is a member of the Democratic Party, Mineta most recently served in President George W. Bush's Cabinet as the United States Secretary of Transportation. He was the only Democratic Cabinet Secretary in the Bush administration.


title: Curt Hennig

text: He was the son of wrestler Larry "The Axe" Hennig. He was the father to current WWE superstar Joe "Curtis Axel" Hennig. He was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame by Major League Baseball player and longtime friend Wade Boggs in 2007. He is considered to be one of the greatest ever in-ring performers.


title: Don Young

text: Young became Dean of the United States House of Representatives on December 5, 2017 after the resignation of John Conyers of Michigan.


title: Jitsi

text: Jitsi is supportefd by various institutions such as the NLnet Foundation, the University of Strasbourg and the Region of Alsace and it has participated multiple times on Google Summer of Code program.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Lactic acid fermentation is a way to preserve food, and make it last longer. It has been in use at least since the Paleolithic era. Fermentation will reduce the activity of the bacteria that make food go bad; it will also kill some of them. Examples are fermented milk products, such as yoghurt, sauerkraut, kimchi, and tsukemono.


title: Alpine tundra

text: Tropical alpine plants can be different from alpine plants in colder places. Their bodies stop them from losing too much water. They can have wax on their leaves to hold water in. They can have hairs to block sunlight or silver color to reflect sunlight. This keeps them from photosynthesizing so fast that they lose too much water and die.


title: James Hansen

text: for his research on global warming in 2001. He was listed as one of Time Magazine's 100 Most Influential People in the (2006) list and, in 2007, he shared the US$1 million Dan David Prize. On April 5, 2008, Dr. Hansen received the PNC Bank Common Wealth Award of Distinguished Service for his outstanding achievements in science.


title: Norman Mineta

text: During his time as Transportation Secretary, he oversaw airline security changes as he was in charge during the September 11 attacks in 2001. He helped create the Transportation Security Administration (TSA).


title: Don Young

text: Young died while on flight near Seattle–Tacoma International Airport in SeaTac, Washington on March 18, 2022, aged 88, while traveling from Los Angeles to Alaska.


title: Jitsi

text: Work on Jitsi (then SIP Communicator) started in 2003as a student project by Emil Ivov at the University of Strasbourg. It was released as an example video phone in the JAIN-SIP stack and later became an independent project.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: During the 19th century, several of the fundamental concepts of organic chemistry were discovered. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac was interested in fermentation processes. One of his students was Justus von Liebig. Both independently described the chemical structure of the lactic acid molecule. Both were chemists, they were only interested in the chemical properties, and how to optimize it using chemical catalyzers. The French chemist Louis Pasteur was the first to describe lactic acid as a product of a microbial fermentation, in 1857. At the time he worked at the University of Lille. A local brewery asked him about some problems they had with fermentation. By chance he discovered that in this brewery, two fermentation processes were taking place: One was the lactic acid fermentation he had expected, the other was an alcoholic fermentation. Both were started by microorganisms.


title: Alpine tundra

text: There is more ultraviolet light in alpine places than closer to sea level. Mammals can live in alpine places because they are warm-blooded. They can grow fur or fat to protect themselves from the cold. Many of them sleep in the winter. Other animals walk or climb lower down in the hills for the winter. Alpine animals usually have smaller ears, legs, and tails than other animals so they do not lose heat through them. Because there is less oxygen in alpine places, alpine animals sometimes have larger lungs and more blood cells than other animals. Few insects live in alpine places because they are so cold. Few birds live in alpine places all year, but many fly there during warm weather and fly away during the winter. Almost no amphibians or reptiles live in alpine places.


title: James Hansen

text: Hansen posited in a 2007 paper that 350 ppm (parts per million) of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a safe upper limit to avoid a climate tipping point. The current record level is 389 ppm of CO, an almost 40-percent increase from the pre-industrial revolution level of 278 ppm. In 1988 the Earth's atmosphere surpassed the 350 ppm mark, while global CO emissions per capita rose.


title: Norman Mineta

text: On June 23, 2006, Mineta announced his resignation after more than five years as Secretary of Transportation, effective July 7, 2006, making him the longest-serving Transportation Secretary in the Department's history.


title: Jitsi

text: In 2009, Emil Ivov founded the BlueJimp company which has employed some of Jitsi's main contributors in order to offer professional support and development services related to the project.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: In the 19th century, several chemists discovered some fundamental concepts of the domain of organic chemistry. One of them was the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, who was especially interested in fermentation processes. He also passed this fascination to one of his best students, Justus von Liebig. With a difference of some years, each of them described the chemical structure of the lactic acid molecule as we know it today. Both Gay-Lussac and von Liebig had a purely chemical understanding of the fermentation process: in their view, the process can be optimized with chemical catalyzers; neither of them was interested in seeing it with a microscope. In 1857, the French chemist Louis Pasteur first described lactic acid as the product of a microbial fermentation. During this time, he worked at the university of Lille, where a local distillery asked him for advice concerning some fermentation problems. Per chance and with the badly equipped laboratory he had at that time, he discovered that in this distillery, two fermentations were taking place, a lactic acid one and an alcoholic one, both induced by microorganisms. He then continued the research on these discoveries in Paris, where he also published his theories which contradicted the purely chemical version represented by Liebig and his followers. Even though Pasteur described some concepts that are still accepted today, Liebig refused to accept them. But even Pasteur himself wrote that he was "driven" to a completely new understanding of this chemical phenomenon. Even if Pasteur didn't find every detail of this process, he still discovered the main mechanism of how the microbial lactic acid fermentation works. He was the first to describe fermentation as a "form of life without air."


title: Alpine tundra

text: Tropical alpine animals can be different from animals in other places. Mammals tend to hide a lot and have dull colors. Because the air is so thin, birds tend to have smaller bodies and longer, wider wings than other birds.


title: James Hansen

text: Hansens strong public opposition to the exploitation of oil sands and the pipeline project created some controversy in the media. "Storms of My Grandchildren" is Hansen's first book about the climate change. In 2013, Hansen was co-author of an open letter saying "continued opposition to nuclear power threatens humanity's ability to avoid dangerous climate change."


title: Norman Mineta

text: On July 10, 2006, Hill & Knowlton, a public relations firm, announced that Mineta would join it as a partner. On August 10, 2010, it was announced that Mineta would join L&L Energy, Inc as Vice Chairman.


title: Jitsi

text: In 2011, after successfully adding support for audio and video communication over XMPP's Jingle extensions, the project was renamed to Jitsi since it was no longer "a SIP only Communicator". This name originates from the Bulgarian "жици" (wires).


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: People had been using microbial lactic acid fermentation to produce food long before Pasteur had described it. Archeological finds show that the fermentation of milk has a long history. Its first uses may have been part of the Neolithic Revolution. Milk contains lactic acid bacteria. Given the right temperature, the fermentation process will happen spontaneously. These first farmers likely had another problem: When people become adults most lose the ability to digest fresh milk. These farmers had an interest to make milk digestible by adults. Lactic acid bacteria contain the enzymes needed to digest lactose. During lactic acid fermentation, the number of lactic acid bacteria increase. So even if fermentation only happens for a short time, the product will contain enough enzymes, which allows the milk to be digested by adults. Even safer was a longer fermentation, which was practiced for cheesemaking. This process was also discovered a very long time ago, which is proven by recipes for cheese production on Cuneiform scripts, the first written documents that exist, and a bit later in Babylonian and Egyptian texts.


title: Alpine tundra

text: Alexander von Humboldt was one of the first scientists to write about alpine places. He was from Germany. In the 1800s, he went to South America and climbed the Andes mountains. He wrote papers and drew drawings about the mountains and their plants and animals. In 1889, another scientist, C. Hart Merriam, wrote about "life zones" that he saw in mountains in Arizona. He put plants, animals, and places in groups and saw that, the further south he looked, the higher up the place had to be to have the same kinds of plants and animals. His ideas work well in North American mountains, but they do not work well in tropical places.


title: Norman Mineta

text: Mineta also was President Bill Clinton's Secretary of Commerce for the last six months of his term (July 2000– January 2001). Mineta spent nearly six full years as a Cabinet member.


title: Jitsi

text: Jitsi introduced the Videobridge in 2013 to support video calling with multiple people using a new Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) architecture. Later that year initial support was added to the JitsiVideobridge allowing WebRTC calling from the browser. To demonstrate how JitsiVideobridge could be used as a production service, BlueJimp offered a free use of its hosted system at meet.jit.si.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: What is interesting is the theory of the competitive advantage of fermented milk products. The idea of this theory is that the women of these first settled farmer clans could shorten the time between two children thanks to the additional lactose uptake from milk consumption. This factor may have given them an important advantage to out-compete the hunter-gatherer societies.


title: Jitsi

text: On November 4, 2014, "Jitsi + Ostel" scored 6 out of 7 points on the Electronic Frontier Foundation's secure messaging scorecard. They lost a point because there has not been a recent independent code check by people outside jitsi .


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Since they consumed more milk products, these societies developed lactase pesistence: The milk-digesting enzyme lactase was present in their body during the whole lifetime: They could also drink unfermented milk as adults. Even today there are regional differences: Estimates are that about 65% of the world polulation still lacks this enzyme. The first societies came from regions in eastern Turkey to central Europe; the gene is more common there, as well as in the United States, which was settled from Europe. In Asian countries, lactose intolerance is much more present.


title: Jitsi

text: On February 1, 2015, Hristo Terezov, Ingo Bauersachs and the rest of the team released version 2.6 from their stand at the Free and Open Source Software Developers' European Meeting 2015 event in Brussels. This release includes security fixes, removes support of the deprecated MSN protocol, along with SSLv3 in XMPP. Among other improvements, the OS X version has aa Java 8 runtime inside, enables echo cancelling by default, and uses the CoreAudio subsystem. The Linux build fixes font issues with the GTK+ native LookAndFeel, and fixes someissues about microphone volume level on call starting when using the PulseAudio sound system. A full list of changes is available on the project web site.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Milk products and their fermentation have had an important influence on some cultures’ development. This is the case in Mongolia, where people often practice a pastoral form of agriculture. The milk that they produce and consume in these cultures is mainly mare milk and has a long tradition. But not every part or product of the fresh milk has the same meaning. The fattier part on the top, the "deež", is seen as the most valuable part and is therefore often used to honor guests.


title: Jitsi

text: Atlassian bought BlueJimp on April 5, 2015. After that, the new Jitsi team under Atlassian stopped important new development work on the Jitsi Desktop project and expanded its efforts on projects related to the Jitsi Videobridge and Jitsi Meet. Regular contributions from the open source community have maintained the Jitsi Desktop project. Jitsi is fully funded by 8x8.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Very important with often a traditional meaning as well are fermentation products of mare milk, like for example the slightly-alcoholic yogurt kumis. Consumption of these peaks during cultural festivities such as the Mongolian lunar new year (in spring). The time of this celebration is called the "white month", which indicates that milk products (called "white food" together with starchy vegetables, in comparison to meat products, called "black food") are a central part of this tradition. The purpose of these festivities is to "close" the past year – clean the house or the yurt, honor the animals for having provided their food, and prepare everything for the coming summer season – to be ready to "open" the new year. Consuming white food in this festive context is a way to connect to the past and to a national identity, which is the great Mongolian empire personified by Genghis Khan. During the time of this empire, the fermented mare milk was the drink to honor and thank warriors and leading persons, it was not meant for everybody. Although it eventually became a drink for normal people, it has kept its honorable meaning. Like many other traditions, this one feels the influence of globalization. Other products, like industrial yogurt, coming mainly from China and western countries, have tended to replace it more and more, mainly in urban areas. However, in rural and poorer regions it is still of great importance.


title: Jitsi

text: The Jitsi open source repository on GitHub currently contains 103 repositories. The major projects include:


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Some major bacterial strains identified as being able to ferment lactose are in the genera "Escherichia, Citrobacter, Enterobacter" and "Klebsiella ." All four of these groups fall underneath the family of "Enterobacteriaceae." These four species are able to be separated from each other by using biochemical testing. To distinguish between the species, simple biological tests are readily available. Apart from whole sequence genomics, common tests include H2S production, motility and citrate use, indol, methyl red and Voges-Proskauer tests.


title: Jitsi

text: Jitsi Meet is an open source JavaScript WebRTC application and can be used for videoconferencing. One can share presentations and with just a link can invite new members for videoconference. It can be used by downloading the app or directly in a browser and is compatible with any recent browser. Every user can use Jitsi.org servers or can download and install the server software on a Linux-based machine.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Lactic acid fermentation is used in many areas of the world to produce foods that cannot be produced through other methods. The most commercially important genus of lactic acid-fermenting bacteria is "Lactobacillus", though other bacteria and even yeast are sometimes used. Two of the most common applications of lactic acid fermentation are in the production of yogurt and sauerkraut.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: Lactic acid fermentation is used in the production of sauerkraut. The main type of bacteria used in the production of sauerkraut is of the genus "Leuconostoc".


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: As in yogurt, when the acidity rises due to lactic acid-fermenting organisms, many other pathogenic microorganisms are killed. The bacteria produce lactic acid, as well as simple alcohols and other hydrocarbons. These may then combine to form esters, contributing to the unique flavor of sauerkraut.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: The main method of producing yogurt is through the lactic acid fermentation of milk with harmless bacteria. Most often, the bacteria used are "Lactobacillus bulgaricus" and "Streptococcus thermophilus", and United States as well as European law requires all yogurts to contain these two cultures (though others may be added as probiotic cultures). These bacteria produce lactic acid in the milk culture, decreasing its pH and causing it to congeal. The bacteria also produce compounds that give yogurt its distinctive flavor. An additional effect of the lowered pH is the incompatibility of the acidic environment with many other types of harmful bacteria.


title: Lactic acid fermentation

text: For a probiotic yogurt, additional types of bacteria such as "Lactobacillus acidophilus" are also added to the culture.


title: Leipzig Gewandhaus

text: The Gewandhaus is a world famous concert hall in Leipzig, Germany. Today's building is the third hall to have this name. It is the home of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra.


title: Diogenes syndrome

text: Diogenes syndrome is a behavioral disorder. It is not a disease, it is a psychological condition. People who have it do not look after themselves enough any more, this is called self-neglect. They do not wash, perhaps do not shave, etc. So they develop a strong odor (scent). Since they neglect their hygiene, other diseases related to poor hygiene usually accompany the disorder.


title: Rape Me

text: "Rape Me" is a song by the American grunge band, Nirvana. It was the second single from their last album, "In Utero". But there was much controversy about the song, so the single was a double-A-side single. The other song was "All Apologies."


title: Stan Mikita

text: Stan Mikita (born Stanislav Guoth; May 20, 1940 – August 7, 2018) was a Slovak-born Canadian retired professional ice hockey centre. He played a career total of 22 years in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played his entire NHL career with the Chicago Black Hawks. He was often regarded as the best centre of the 1960s.


title: African wildcat

text: The African wildcats ("Felis silvestris lybica") are small, fierce cats that live in forests, grasslands, and brush lands in Africa and the Middle East. They are the closest living relatives of the domestic cat.


title: Chocolate milk

text: Chocolate milk, also known as cocoa milk or syruped chocolate milkshake, is a kind of cold, sweetened milk drink. Chocolate milk may be made by mixing cold milk with chocolate syrup or cocoa powder and sugar.


title: The Fool (Tarot card)

text: The Fool or The Jester ("Il Matto" in Italian) is one of the 78 cards in a Tarot deck. It is one of the 22 Trump cards that make up the Major Arcana and the only one of the major arcana found in the modern playing cards in the role of the joker. The Fool is often numbered 0. It is used in divination as well as in game playing.


title: V. C. Andrews

text: Cleo Virginia Andrews (V. C. Andrews) (June 6, 1923 – December 19, 1986) was an American writer from Portsmouth, Virginia. Her best-selling stories included "My Sweet Audrina" and two series of books about the "Dollanganger" and "Casteel" families.


title: Trace fossil

text: Trace fossils (or ichnofossils) are geological records of biological activity. They are fossils, but not of the living things themselves. Probably the best-known examples are dinosaur trackways.


title: Stefanie Powers

text: Stefanie Powers (born November 2, 1942) is an American actress and singer. She stars mainly in television programs. She played as Jennifer Hart in the 1980s series "Hart to Hart".


title: IOS 6

text: iOS 6 is the sixth major version of Apple's mobile operating system, iOS. It was released on September 19, 2012. The newest version of iOS 6 is iOS 6.1.6.


title: Holywood

text: Holywood ( ) is a town in the metropolitan area of Belfast in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is a civil parish and townland of 755 acres lying on the shore of Belfast Lough, between Belfast and Bangor. Holywood Exchange and Belfast City Airport are nearby. The town hosts an annual jazz and blues festival.


title: Marianne Koch

text: Marianne Koch (born 19 August 1931) is a German actress. She is best known for her roles in spaghetti westerns and adventure movies of the 1960s. She later worked as a television host and as a physician. She was in a relationship with Peter Hamm from 1970 until his death in 2019. Koch was born in Munich.


title: Louis Walsh

text: Michael Louis Vincent Walsh (born 5 August 1952) known as Louis Walsh is an Irish entertainment manager and judge on British television talent show "The X Factor".


title: Ali-Reza Pahlavi

text: Ali-Reza Pahlavi (; 28 April 1966 – 4 January 2011) was a member of the Pahlavi Imperial Family of the Imperial State of Iran. He was the younger son of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the former Shah of Iran and his third wife Farah Diba.


title: Leipzig Gewandhaus

text: The name "Gewandhaus" means a building where cloth is traded. Originally merchants used to sell their cloth there.


title: Diogenes syndrome

text: Diogenes Syndrome is named after the behavior (but not necessarily the ideals) of Diogenes of Sinope. It is thought to be the end stage of personality disorder.


title: Rape Me

text: There was much controversy about the title of the song. Although many people were shocked about it, Kurt Cobain, the writer of the song, said that the song is about a man who rapes a woman. He is sent to prison for it, and he is raped there. There was a music video that was planned to be made. It was going to be set in a women's prison. However, Nirvana needed a break from the controversy and did not make it.


title: Stan Mikita

text: He won the Stanley Cup with the Chicago Black Hawks in 1961. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1983. He was also inducted into the Slovak Hockey Hall of Fame in 2002.


title: African wildcat

text: It is a wildcat subspecies which occurs across northern Africa and extends around the edges of the Arabian Peninsula to the Caspian Sea. It is the most common and widely distributed wild cat, and is listed as "Least Concern" by IUCN since 2002.


title: Chocolate milk

text: A mixture of hot milk and melted chocolate (or cocoa powder and sugar) is called hot chocolate. A mixture of ice cream, cold milk, and chocolate syrup is called a milkshake.


title: V. C. Andrews

text: Her stories were written in English and translated into French, Italian, German, Spanish, Dutch, Japanese, Korean, Turkish, Greek, Finnish, Hungarian, Swedish, Portuguese and Hebrew.


title: Trace fossil

text: Trace fossils may be impressions made on the substrate by an organism. Burrows, borings, footprints, feeding marks, and root cavities are examples. The term includes the remains of other organic material produced by an organism for example coprolites (fossilized droppings) or chemical markers. Stromatolites are sediment structures produced by bacteria. Trace fossils contrast with body fossils, which are the fossilized remains of parts of organisms' bodies, usually altered by later chemical activity or mineralization.


title: IOS 6

text: Until now, it is still running on about 11% of devices (the percentage including devices that are not supported) besides iOS 7's 87% (including non-supported devices) and the last 2% (including non-supported devices) are for older iOS versions.


title: Marianne Koch

text: Koch is known for her roles in "Night People" alongside Gregory Peck and in Sergio Leone's 1964 movie "A Fistful of Dollars" alongside Clint Eastwood.


title: Ali-Reza Pahlavi

text: Pahlavi, who had depression, shot himself on 4 January 2011 in Boston, Massachusetts at the age of 44.


title: Leipzig Gewandhaus

text: The first Gewandhaus was built in 1781 by the architect Johann Carl Friedrich Dauthe. The second opened in 1884, and was destroyed in the fire-bombings of World War II between 1943 and 1944. The third Gewandhaus, which stands now, was opened on 8 October 1981. It is known for its fine acoustics.


title: African wildcat

text: The African wildcat appears to have diverged from the other subspecies about 131,000 years ago. Some individual African wildcats were first domesticated about 10,000 years ago in the Middle East, and are the ancestors of the domestic cat. Remains of domesticated cats were found in human burials in Cyprus, done by Neolithic farmers about 9,500 years ago. Hybrids between domestic cats and African wildcats are still common today.


title: V. C. Andrews

text: V. C. Andrews died from breast cancer in 1986, leaving behind some unpublished stories. The estate of V. C. Andrews hired a ghostwriter, Andrew Neiderman, to continue the stories, which are still published under the name V. C. Andrews.


title: Trace fossil

text: The study of traces is called ichnology. Traces reflect the behaviour, not usually not the biological affinity of their makers. They are given their own names in taxonomy, based on their appearance and the implied behaviour of their makers.


title: IOS 6

text: iOS 6 was shown during Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2012 on June 11, 2012. This software dropped support for older devices such as the third generation iPod Touch and the first generation iPad following the cycle of past iOS versions. It is supported on the iPhone 3GS and later, the fourth generation iPod Touch and later, the iPad 2 and later, and the iPad Mini.


title: African wildcat

text: African wildcats are generally crepuscular, hunting at dawn and dusk. They are diurnal (most active during the day) during very cold weather. They are very good climbers. African Wildcats live for 12 to 15 years. They are about 50 percent larger than domesticated (tame) cats.


title: IOS 6

text: On September 12, 2012, at San Francisco's Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, the iPhone 5, the fifth generation iPod Touch, and the final release of iOS 6.0 were revealed at the event. It was announced that iOS 6 would be released on September 19, 2012.


title: African wildcat

text: African wildcats are carnivores, like all cats. These fast, solitary hunters eat small to medium-sized mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs, invertebrates, and eggs.


title: IOS 6

text: The iPhone 5 had iOS 6 already installed, but other devices will need to get it installed as an over-the-air update or through iTunes. An iTunes update, version 10.7, was released on September 12, 2012, and it was needed in order to install iOS 6 on a device.


title: IOS 6

text: Unlike past iOS versions, two apps that were removed as part of iOS 6 were Google Maps and YouTube. These apps can be downloaded for free in the App Store.


title: IOS 6

text: The all-new Maps application uses a different engine that helps to get rid of lag and make for smoother zooming. It also adds turn-by-turn directions and 3D views in some cites.


title: IOS 6

text: In iOS 6, Apple used its own Apple Maps app instead of Google Maps. This caused many poor reviews for problems with Apple Maps. Some of the problems were information that was not complete, maps that were wrong, no support for transit maps, and low-quality satellite pictures.


title: IOS 6

text: The iOS 6.1 update released on January 28, 2013 had reports of reduced battery life and problems with signal strength.


title: Empty string

text: The empty string is the unique string of no characters over some alphabet Σ. It is written as "ε" or "λ". The length of this empty string is 0.


title: Continuum

text: A Continuum is a continuous series where all parts are very similar to their nearest neighbour, but the ends or extremes of it are different from each other.


title: Bob Riley

text: Robert Renfroe "Bob" Riley (born October 3, 1944) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican party. He was the 52nd Governor of Alabama from 2003 until 2011. He was first elected to office in 2002 and re-elected in 2006. Riley was born in Ashland.


title: Law of the United States

text: The law of the United States is made up of many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law. The most important these is the United States Constitution. This established the federal government of the United States. The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law. This consists of acts of Congress, treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promoted by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of general and permanent federal statutory law.


title: Brian Williams

text: Brian Douglas Williams (born May 5, 1959) is the anchor of "NBC Nightly News", the evening newscast of NBC. He used to anchor the NBC News broadcast "The News with Brian Williams" on NBC's sister networks CNBC and MSNBC.


title: Michael Eisner

text: Michael Dammann Eisner (born March 7, 1942) is an American executive of The Walt Disney Company from 1984 through 2005.


title: NXT Championship

text: The NXT Championship is a professional wrestling championship in the WWE. The title is a NXT-only championship.


title: Taronga Zoo

text: Taronga Zoo is a zoo in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is on the shores of Sydney Harbour in the suburb of Mosman. It was officially opened on 7 October 1916. The zoo covers about . It holds over 2,600 animals of 340 species. There is a larger, sister zoo in Dubbo, the Taronga Western Plains Zoo.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: The Portrait of a Lady is a novel by Henry James. It was published in parts (serialization) in 1880-1881. It was published as a book in the United States by Houghton, Mifflin in 1881.


title: Pollinator

text: A pollinator is an animal that does pollination. Pollination is almost entirely done by insects, though there are some exceptions. Some birds (such as hummingbirds) pollinate flowers as they take nectar. Overall, however, it is insects that pollinate. Bees, of course, pollinate flowers as they take nectar. But wasps, ants, flies, beetles, butterflies and moths all have many species which are pollinators. The plant which offers the pollen is called the "pollenizer".


title: Empty string

text: In simple words, given some characters of an alphabet, the empty string is the "word" that can be made if no letters are used. There is of course only one such word.


title: Continuum

text: This describes something that changes gradually (little by little) from one condition, to a different condition, but without any sudden changes or discontinuities.


title: Law of the United States

text: Federal law and treaties, so long as they are in accordance with the Constitution, preempt conflicting state and territorial laws in the 50 U.S. states and in the territories. However, the scope of federal preemption is limited because the scope of federal power is not universal. In the dual-sovereign system of American federalism states are the plenary sovereigns. Each state has its own constitution, while the federal sovereign possesses only the limited supreme authority given by the Constitution. States may grant their citizens broader rights than the federal Constitution as long as they do not infringe on any federal constitutional rights. Most U.S. law (especially the actual "living law" of contract, tort, property, criminal, and family law) experienced by the majority of citizens on a day-to-day basis consists primarily of state law, which can and does vary greatly from one state to the next.


title: Brian Williams

text: On February 10, 2015, Williams was suspended for six months without pay. That was done because he reported false stories regarding his trips to Iraq in 2003 and to New Orleans during the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in 2005.


title: Michael Eisner

text: Eisner was born on March 7, 1942 in Mount Kisco, New York. He was raised in Los Angeles, California. Eisner studied at The Lawrenceville School and at Denison University. He has been married to Jane Breckenridge since 1967. They have three children. He now lives in Los Angeles, California.


title: NXT Championship

text: The title was introduced by NXT Commissioner Dusty Rhodes. Rhodes said that there would be a "Gold Rush" tournament that would feature 4 developmental roster NXT Superstars and 4 main roster WWE Superstars and that they would compete to be crowned as the inaugural NXT Champion. Seth Rollins became the first champion after he defeated Jinder Mahal in the final round. At in November 2016, Samoa Joe became the first wrestler to win the championship twice.


title: Taronga Zoo

text: The zoo is divided into eight geographic regions of the world. The largest section is for Australian wildlife. It also has several aviaries, and an aquarium section for seals and penguins.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: It tells the story of a rich young American woman, Isabel Archer. She is exploited by the scheming Madame Merle and her friend Gilbert Osmond. Isabel weds Osmond and finds herself in a loveless marriage.


title: Pollinator

text: To be a pollinator, an insect has to move pollen from the male anther to the female stigma of a flower. The pollinator gets away with much of the pollen for its own use.


title: Empty string

text: Under concatenation, the empty string is the identity element of the free monoid on Σ. That is, for any string "s", "s"ε = ε"s" = s.


title: Continuum

text: The difference between a continuum, and something with very different changes that can be measured, is important for all continuum theories.


title: Law of the United States

text: At both the federal and state levels, the law of the United States is largely based on the common law system of English law. This was the system of law that was in force at the time of the Revolutionary War. However, American law has changed from its English ancestor both in terms of substance and procedure. American law also borrows ideas from civil law.


title: NXT Championship

text: Bo Dallas was the youngest champion, winning the title 2 days before his 23rd birthday. Samoa Joe was the oldest champion at 42 years old.


title: Taronga Zoo

text: The Taronga Zoo also helps endangered animals. In 2009, scientists brought some yellow-spotted tree frogs to the Taronga Zoo to breed. Then the last wild yellow-spotted tree frogs died. In 2018, the scientists took some of the frogs from the Taronga Zoo and put them in the wild.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: The book was a great success. It is thought one of James's finest works. The story has been adapted to a BBC television program and to a movie starring Nicole Kidman.


title: Pollinator

text: Although it is obvious that flowering plants are the plants which usually offer pollen, there is a pre-history of pollination in cycads.


title: Empty string

text: In many programming languages, the empty string is written with two double quotes: """". The empty string is also sometimes noted by the Greek letter λ.


title: NXT Championship

text: The current champion is Bron Breakker who is in his second reign. He won the championship by beating Dolph Ziggler on the April 4 edition of "Raw".


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: Isabel Archer, from Albany, New York, is invited by her mother's sister, Lydia Touchett, to visit Lydia's rich husband, Mr Touchett, at his house near London, following the death of Isabel's father. There, Isabel meets her uncle, her friendly sick cousin Ralph Touchett, and the Touchetts' neighbor, Lord Warburton.


title: Pollinator

text: Bees may not be the most numerous insects which take up the pollen. Hoverflies (Syrphidae) are very numerous visitors to flowers, and they may be more numerous than bees in many environments.


title: Empty string

text: In C, the empty string is represented by a character array with a null character in the zeroeth position. Note that all strings in C are terminated by a null character.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: Isabel later declines Warburton's sudden proposal of marriage. She also rejects Caspar Goodwood, the son and heir of a rich Boston mill owner. Although Isabel likes both Caspar and Lord Warbuton,she likes her independence, which prevents such a marriage, which she feels would sacrifice of her freedom.


title: Pollinator

text: The list of pollinators is long. Bees, wasps, ants, flies, mosquitoes, lepidoptera and beetles all have some pollinators who take nectar, and also some vertebrates: bats, birds, monkeys, lemurs, possums, rodents.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: The elder Touchett grows ill and, at the request of his son, Ralph, leaves a lot of money to Isabel upon his death. With her large fortune, Isabel travels to Europe and meets an American , Gilbert Osmond, in Florence. Although Isabel had previously rejected both Warburton and Goodwood, she accepts Osmond's proposal of marriage, unaware that it has been promoted by the accomplished but untrustworthy Madame Merle, another American expatriate, whom Isabel had met at the Touchetts' house.


title: Pollinator

text: Wild pollinators often visit many plant species, and plants are visited by many pollinator species. All these relations together form a network of interactions between plants and pollinators. Surprising similarities exist in the networks of interactions between plants and pollinators. This structure is similar in very different ecosystems on different continents, consisting of entirely different species.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: Isabel and Osmond live in Rome, but their marriage rapidly sours, owing to Osmond's egotism and lack of genuine affection for his wife. Isabel grows fond of Pansy, Osmond's presumed daughter by his first marriage, and wants to grant her wish to marry Edward Rosier, a young art collector.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: The snobbish Osmond would prefer that Pansy accept the proposal of Warburton, who had previously proposed to Isabel. Isabel suspects, however, that Warburton may just be faking interest in Pansy to get close to Isabel again, and the conflict creates even more problems within the unhappy marriage.


title: The Portrait of a Lady

text: Isabel then learns that Ralph is dying at his house in England and prepares to go to him for his final hours, but Osmond selfishly opposes this plan. Meanwhile, Isabel learns from her sister-in-law that Pansy is actually the daughter of Madame Merle, who had had an adulterous relationship with Osmond for several years.