title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: The couple took part in a religious ceremony on 9 November 1966, at the Roman Catholic Church of St Charles in Monaco, to make the marriage "legal" for the church.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: After their wedding in 1948, Anne and Michael lived in Hertfordshire for four years. They became market gardeners and farmed poultry. In 1956 they moved to Versoix on Lake Geneva, and raised five daughters there. In 1992 Anne and Michael visited Romania for three days; it was Anne's first visit to the country. From 1993 to 1997, Michael was refused entry to Romania by the Romanian government. Anne visited the country a number of times representing her husband. After 1997, there were no restrictions on Anne and Michael's entry into Romania. Elisabeta Palace was made available for them to use, and they recovered some properties from the state, including Săvârşin Castle and Peleş Castle.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: In June 2008, Anne and Michael celebrated their 60th Wedding Anniversary, with three days of events in Romania. Events included a concert by the George Enescu Philharmonic Orchestra at the Romanian Athenaeum, an official reception at Athenee Palace in Bucharest, and book launch at the National Museum of Romanian History.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: Anne died on 1 August 2016 in a hospital in Morges, Switzerland, at the age of 92. The family refused a posthumous military medal. Romania's President Klaus Iohannis said "Her Majesty Queen Ana of Romania will remain forever in memory and in our hearts as one of the most important symbols of wisdom, dignity and, especially, as a model of moral conduct." The government made 13 August 2016 a national day of mourning. The Romanian flag was flown at half-mast on all buildings. Television and radio broadcasts were told to make their programs suitable for the memory of Anne of Romania. The funeral was held at the Curtea de Argeș Cathedral. The government of Moldova also held a national day of mourning on 13 August in memory of Queen Anne, asking for everyone to observe a moment of silence at 10 am on that day.


title: Doggystyle

text: Doggystyle is a gangsta rap album by Snoop Dogg (then known as Snoop Doggy Dogg). The album was recorded not long after "The Chronic" (1992). "Doggystyle" was praised by critics for lyrical "realism".


title: Doggystyle

text: This album was released on November 23, 1993. It premiered at #1 on the "Billboard" 200 albums chart. The lyrics created some controversy.


title: Sola scriptura

text: Sola scriptura (Latin for "by scripture alone") means "The Bible only". Protestants believe that they should only read the Bible to find out what God wants. They do this instead of listening to the Pope or the Roman Catholic Church.


title: Sola scriptura

text: "Sola scriptura" was a principle of the Protestant Reformation of the reformer Martin Luther and is a principle of Protestants today (see Five solas).


title: Glamis Castle

text: Glamis Castle is one of the most famous castles in the United Kingdom. It is near the village of Glamis, in Angus, Scotland. It is the home of the Earl and Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne. Glamis Castle was the childhood home of Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, best known as the Queen Mother. Her daughter, Princess Margaret, was born there. A picture of the castle is featured on the Royal Bank of Scotland ten pound note.


title: Glamis Castle

text: Glamis Castle is set in the wide valley of Strathmore, near Forfar, the capital of Angus. It is between the Sidlaw Hills to the south and the Grampian Mountains to the north, about 12 miles (20 kilometres) from the North Sea.


title: Glamis Castle

text: The estate (the castle's land) covers more than 14,000 acres (57 km²). There are gardens and walking trails, as well as a farm which produces beef and a plantation (planted forest) which produces timber. There are two streams run through the estate. Near one stream, called the Glamis Burn is an "arboretum" (a tree garden) which has trees from all over the world, many of them rare and several hundred years old. Birds and other small wildlife can often be seen in the grounds.


title: Chapter house

text: A Chapter house or chapterhouse is a special building or room attached to a cathedral or large church. It is where the cathedral chapter meetings are held. Chapter houses were also built in mediaeval monasteries.


title: Chapter house

text: In a cathedral, the chapter is always chaired by the Dean, whose job it is to run (manage) the cathedral. Members of the chapter will include Canons, who may include top lay officials as well as priests. It is a management group for the cathedral.


title: Chapter house

text: The side of the cloister with the chapter house was usually the first to be constructed; it would have been started shortly after the church’s frame was put up.


title: Chapter house

text: When part of a monastery, the chapter house is usually on the eastern wing of the cloister. It is a large space, to hold all the monks of the monastery. It is built in the same style as the churches of that day. In some Romanesque or Gothic monasteries, the entrance to the chapter house is a miniature version of the entrance to a cathedral.


title: Chapter house

text: The community of monks would meet in the chapter house with the Abbot to 'hold chapter'. This meant to read aloud from the rule book and Bible, and to discuss matters concerning the monastery and its monks. The meetings generally took place in the morning, after mass; the monks would sit along the length of the walls in strict age-order. At the end of the meeting the monks would publicly confess their sins or denounce others' (anonymously).


title: Long division

text: Long division is a method of dividing two numbers, using repeated multiplications and subtractions in a tableau. Because it is easy to do, it is usually taught in schools. There are other methods which are faster, or easier to program with a computer, but they are more difficult to understand and perform manually. If we have a large or complicated division problem, we can use long division to break it down into a series of easier calculations. Long division can also be done on polynomials as well.


title: Long division

text: As with most division problems we have three numbers: the dividend, our first number; the divisor, the second number we divide it by; and the quotient, which is the result. Long division is a kind of algorithm, which means it helps us to find the solution to a problem by following a set of clearly-defined steps:


title: Long division

text: Let's assume we want to divide 780 by 4. To do so with long division, we need to split 780 into digits -- 7 and 8 and 0 -- and then divide each one by 4, carrying any remainders to the next step.


title: Long division

text: 4 / 12 = 0 R 0 -- we cannot perform this division as 4<12, so we have to carry our dividend like a remainder.


title: Long division

text: Let's follow the same process for numbers that give an answer with a decimal because they don't have common factors: 123 / 8


title: Long division

text: 1 / 8 = 0 R 0 -- we cannot perform this division as 1<8, so we have to carry our dividend like a remainder.


title: Long division

text: 43 / 8 = 5 R 3 -- we have reached the end with a remainder, which we have to add to our final answer.


title: Saliva (band)

text: Saliva is an American rock band from Memphis. They were signed to Island Records. The band was formed in 1996 and released their first album in 1997.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: The Downtown Line (DTL), will be the fifth Mass Rapid Transport line in Singapore, the third to be completely underground, and with 3-car trains, the second medium capacity line. Currently in various stages of construction, it will open up in phases, such as Stage 1 in 2013, Stage 2 in 2015 and Stage 3 in 2017. The line is colored blue on the MRT Rail map.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: The downtown line starts in Bukit Panjang, where it then passes through the Creative cluster and school belt of Bukit Timah. Along the way, it passes through many food enclaves, such as at Newton. It then passes through the downtown core and financial district before heading east, towards Bedok and Tampenies and the Singapore Expo.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 1 of the Downtown Line was originally planned as the Downtown Extension of the Circle Line since 2005. It was planned to have 6 stations from Bugis and end at Chinatown. It opened on 22 December 2013. The section usually parallels Circle Line from Bayfront to Promenade.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 2 was originally planned as the Bukit Timah Line, and was to terminate at Nicoll Highway, but plans were changed after the Nicoll highway collapse, which deemed the original station unfit for use. It was merged with the Downtown Line in 2005. It opened on 27 December 2015.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 3 was originally planned as the Eastern Region Line, and was meant to relieve congestion on the East West Line. The northern part of the line from Expo to Chinatown was replaced by Downtown Line Stage 3 and opened on 21 October 2017.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 3e is a two station extension that would link the Downtown Line and the Thomson Line at Sungei Bedok. It would be completed around 2024.


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: Michael Gary Scott is a fictional character on NBC's "The Office" played by Steve Carell. He is based on David Brent from the British version of the program.


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: Michael is the main character of the series being the Regional Manager of the Scranton branch of a paper distribution company Dunder Mifflin Inc. from seasons 1 through 7.


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: He leaves Dunder Mifflin temporarily to form the Michael Scott Paper Company with Pam and Ryan toward the end of the 5th season and shares a co-managerial position with Jim Halpert during a 6th season arc from "The Meeting" to "The Manager and the Salesman".


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: In the end of the 7th season, he proposes to HR representative Holly Flax and moves to Colorado to take care of her aging parents, leaving the manager position to Deangelo Vickers in "Goodbye, Michael", to Andy Bernard in season 8 after Vickers becomes brain dead, and to Dwight Schrute in season 9.


title: Browser

text: A browser is a name given to any animal, usually a herbivorous mammal, which eats leaves and shrubs rather than grass. It is contrasted with grazers, which eat grass.


title: States' rights

text: States' rights is a doctrine found in the United States Constitution in which certain rights are reserved for state governments and may not be interfered with by the federal government. They are also protected by the Tenth Amendment as part of the Bill of Rights. The discussion over states' rights is the oldest constitutional debate in the United States. In one form or another it still goes on today.


title: Riotsville, USA

text: Riotsville, USA (stylized as "RIOTSVILLE, USA") is an American documentary movie. It was completed in 2022. The movie is about "the militarization of the police and the reaction of a nation to the uprisings of the late '60s, creating a counter-narrative to a critical moment in the country's history." It begins showing the "civil unrest in places like Watts and Harlem and how the U.S. military began training for an increased presence in the inner cities." Then it shows "the construction of fake towns, dubbed 'Riotsville,' that the Army and military police used to perform riot control exercises..."


title: States' rights

text: States' rights, meaning the sovereignty and independence of individual US states, was guaranteed in the Articles of Confederation, the precursor to the US Constitution. It stated that the individual states "hereby severally enter into a firm league of friendship with each other, for their common defense, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare". The articles created a weak central government with most of the power being kept by the individual states. Within a short time, it was realized that a stronger central government and a constitution was needed.


title: Riotsville, USA

text: The movie was produced using archival footage from the government and the media. It was directed by Sierra Pettengill. The producers were Jamila Wignot and Sara Archambault. The executive producers were Charlotte Cook and Laura Poitras. It is narrated by Charlene Modeste. The narration was written by Tobi Haslett. The movie was supported by a 2020 grant from the International Documentary Association. Magnolia Pictures scheduled its streaming and limited theatrical release for September 16, 2022.


title: States' rights

text: States' rights were debated at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787. The question was the subject of debates between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists while the Constitution was being ratified.


title: Riotsville, USA

text: "Riotsville, USA" was presented in the "Next" category at the 2022 Sundance Film Festival. It was also show at the San Francisco International Film Festival in 2022.


title: States' rights

text: Fueled mainly by the issue of slavery, the question came up during the 1820s and the 1830s, when the United States was expanding westward. Southern states wanted the new territories to allow slavery. Northern states wanted the territory to be free of slavery. As the North's economy grew and the South's economy stalled, the two began moving farther apart on the issue. By the 1840s and 1850s, both had adopted extreme positions, which were based on the morality of slavery and economic self-interests. As long as both North and South had equal representation in the US Senate, neither side could dictate to the other. However, with each new state applying for statehood, the balance of power was threatened. In the 1850s, the issue of secession was raised again. The South made the argument was that when it agreed to join the United States in the late 1780s, it kept the power to cancel the agreement. South Carolina threatened to secede unless the Senate passed a constitutional amendment to give the South “the power she possessed of protecting herself before the equilibrium of the two sections was destroyed.”


title: Riotsville, USA

text: The movie had mixed but generally positive reviews. Shayna Warner says it "is an impressive weaving of all the moving parts, large and small, that come together to cement one point of view as acceptable." Susannah Gruder called it "a transfixing and troubling archival documentary. . . ." On the other hand, Warren Cantrell found the movie provocative but disorganized and not well focused.


title: States' rights

text: Several peaceful attempts were made to find a compromise. The Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, and the 1854 Kansas–Nebraska Act were aimed at reaching a compromises. However, only the Fugitive Slave Act clearly benefited the South. Northerners bitterly resented the law, which made citizens responsible for catching runaway slaves and returning them to their masters.


title: States' rights

text: While many people believe that the Civil War was about states' rights, not slavery, the Southern states were in favor of states' rights for themselves, not for all states. They did not favor states' rights for new states joining the Union on the question of slavery. They wanted the federal government to decide that all news states would allow slavery. That can be seen in the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and the 1850 Compromise. All oth themwere designed to force the Northern states to accept slavery in the territories.


title: States' rights

text: In December 1835, Representative James Hammond of South Carolina proposed the House of Representatives force a gag rule against any member who brought up anti-slavery petitions. It was referred to a committee, which decided the gag order should go into effect for anything regarding slavery. House Speaker James Polk of Tennessee referred the issue to a special committee. The committee chairman was Henry L. Pinckney of South Carolina, who decided that any issue regarding slavery should be tabled without discussion permanently. John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts objected but was outvoted. He fought against the gag rule for the next four Congresses. Each session, he brought up the issue until December 3, 1844, wen the gag rule was finally overturned.


title: States' rights

text: Bleeding Kansas was another case of Southerners fighting against states' rights. Most settlers came to Kansas from North. They were not interested in the conflict over slavery but wanted only to create farms and to live in peace. Kansas was on the border with Missouri, a slave state. Many Missourians were driven to believe that all settlers in Kansas were "negro thieves" and abolitionists. Missourians believed that they had to defend slavery, attacked Kansas communities across the border, and killed or drove out Kansas settlers who were against slavery. Abolutionists also came to Kansas to make sure that it would vote to become a free state. That turned Kansas into a battleground.


title: States' rights

text: Many in the North were in favor of states determining their own course, but when it came to slavery, there was a considerable anti-slavery political faction at work in the North. Many in New England had grown wealthy in the slave trade before it was banned, but that part of the North had become a center for abolitionist movements. Beginning in the 1830s, Northern churches and politicians became prominent in the movement. That contributed to the resentment felt by Southerners. Abolitionists took a hard line against slavery, wanted all slaves freed and to end racial segregation immeduately everywhere in the country. Other groups in the North, notably the Free Soil Party, the wanted to end slavery in the new western territories but for different reasons. They had no slaves themselves, but most were prejudiced against black people and believed the popular idea at the time that blacks were inferior. They wanted the new lands to be for whites only. Southern slaveholders saw no real difference between the two groups and but only that both were against slavery.


title: States' rights

text: During the American Civil War, the struggle over states' rights was between the individual Southern states and the federal government over who ultimately had the political power. Some historians argue slavery was the man cause of the war, and others say states' rights was the cause, but both issues were very closely connected. At issue was whether the federal government could regulate or even end slavery within the terrritories. There were other factors that divided the country between Southern slaveholding states and Northern industrial states. The South saw the institution of slavery as necessary to its economy and its way of life. Even Southern churches supported slavery when Northern churches saw the ownership of another person as an abomination.


title: States' rights

text: The Constitution did not even mention the word "slave". The framers of the Constitution, many of them slave owners, wanted to avoid the problem at the federal level. The only reference was to the three-fifths rule, which counted three-fifths of a state's slave population which gave a state extra representation, extra votes in the Electoral College, and an increase in its direct taxes. There, the text said not "slaves" but used the expression "all other persons" to mean the same thing.


title: States' rights

text: On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln gave his first inaugural address as part of his being sworn in as 16th President of the United States. The speech was addressed primarily to South ern states and was intended to lay out his intended policies and desires toward the South. There, seven states had formed the Confederate States of America. His speech was written in a spirit of friendship toward the seceded states.


title: States' rights

text: He touched on several points. Lincoln promised not to interfere with slavery in the states in which it already existed. He said that there would be no federal hostility for the time being towards the states that had seceded . He said, however, that the US government would “hold, occupy, and possess” its property and that it would also collect its taxes. He closed his speech with a warning:


title: States' rights

text: By 1863, two years into the war, Lincoln had changed the focus of the war to slavery and issued the Emancipation Proclamation. It made freeing the slaves a goal of the Civil War. It also weakened Confederate efforts to get help from the United Kingdom and France, which had thought about officially recognizing the Confederacy. As Union troops advanced into Confederate territory, they freed thousands of slaves per day. Manyof them did not wait for the troops but fled their owners to claim their freedom. Five slave states, called the the border states, had remained loyal to the Union and were not at war with the federal government. Thus, Lincoln did not have authority to free slaves in those states and so the Proclamation was not applied to those states. The Proclamation also did not apply to Tennessee and to areas within Virginia and Louisiana that Union forces already controlled.


title: States' rights

text: The Thirteenth Amendment, passed on December 6, 1865, abolished slavery in all of the United States and gave Congress the power to enforce it.


title: States' rights

text: The following Supreme Court decisions had to do with states' rights. Some of them were later overturned.


title: Pulsar

text: Pulsars are neutron stars which spin rapidly and produce huge electromagnetic radiation along a narrow beam. Neutron stars are very dense, and have short, regular spins. This produces a very precise interval between pulses that range from roughly milliseconds to seconds for an individual pulsar. The pulse can only be seen if the Earth is close enough to the direction of the beam. Similar to how you can only see a lighthouse when the beam is shining at your direction.


title: Pulsar

text: The pulses match the star's turns. The spinning causes a lighthouse effect, as the radiation is only seen at short intervals. Werner Becker of the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics recently said,


title: Pulsar

text: The first pulsar was discovered in 1967. It was discovered by Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish. They worked at the University of Cambridge. The observed emission had pulses separated by 1.33 seconds. The pulses all came from the same place in the sky. The source kept to sidereal time. At first, they did not understand why pulsars have a regular change in the strength of radiation. The word "pulsar" is short for "pulsating star".


title: Pulsar

text: This original pulsar, now called CP 1919, produces radio wavelengths, but pulsars have later been found to produce radiation in the X-ray and/or gamma ray wavelengths.


title: Pulsar

text: In 1974, Antony Hewish became the first astronomer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. Controversy occurred because he was awarded the prize while Bell was not. She had made the initial discovery while she was his Ph.D. student. Bell claims no bitterness upon this point, supporting the decision of the Nobel prize committee. "Some people call it the No-Bell prize because they feel so strongly that Jocelyn Bell Burnell should have shared in the award".


title: Pulsar

text: In 1974, Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. and Russell Hulse discovered for the first time a pulsar in a binary system. This pulsar orbits another neutron star with an orbital period of just eight hours. Einstein's theory of general relativity predicts that this system should emit strong gravitational radiation, causing the orbit to continually contract as it loses orbital energy. Observations of the pulsar soon confirmed this prediction, providing the first ever evidence of the existence of gravitational waves. As of 2010, observations of this pulsar continue to agree with general relativity. In 1993, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Taylor and Hulse for the discovery of this pulsar.


title: Pulsar

text: Although all three kinds of objects are neutron stars, the things that they can be seen to do and the physics that causes this are very different. But there are some things that are similar. For example, X-ray pulsars are probably old rotation-powered pulsars that have already lost most of their energy, and can only be seen again after their binary companions expanded and matter from them started falling onto the neutron star. The process of accretion (matter falling onto the neutron star) can in turn give enough angular momentum energy to the neutron star to change it into a rotation-powered :millisecond pulsar.


title: Pulsar

text: This stability allows millisecond pulsars to be used in establishing ephemeris time, or building pulsar clocks.


title: Pulsar

text: "Timing noise" is the name for rotational irregularities observed in all pulsars. This timing noise is observable as random wandering in the pulse frequency or phase. It is unknown whether timing noise is related to pulsar glitches.


title: Pulsar

text: The study of pulsars has resulted in many uses in physics and astronomy. Major examples include the proof of gravitational radiation as forecasted by general relativity and the first proof of exoplanets. In the 1980s, astronomers measured pulsar radiation to prove that the North American and European continents are drifting away from one another. This movement is evidence of plate tectonics.


title: Mangaka

text: Mangaka (漫画家?) is the Japanese word for a comic artist or cartoonist. Outside of Japan, manga usually means a Japanese comic book. Mangaka means the author of the manga, who is usually Japanese.


title: Mangaka

text: Some artists may study at an art college, manga school, or take on an apprenticeship with another mangaka. They then enter the world of manga as a professional artist. However, there are some artists that just start in manga. One way to do this is by applying to contests that magazines run. For example, Naoko Takeuchi, author of "Sailor Moon", won such a contest sponsored by Kodansha. Osamu Tezuka, creator of "Astro Boy", began his career without being an assistant.


title: Tancredo Neves

text: Tancredo de Almeida Neves () (March 4, 1910 – April 21, 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and businessman.


title: Tancredo Neves

text: He was Minister of Justice and Interior Affairs from 1953 to 1954, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1962, Minister of Finance in 1962, and as Governor of Minas Gerais from 1983 to 1984.


title: Tancredo Neves

text: Neves was supposed to be inaugurated as the Brazilian president on 15 March 1985, however the day before he died of diverticulitis at a São Paulo hospital, aged 75. It was also reported Neves had stomach cancer, but his diagnosis was kept secret.


title: October 2022 Conservative Party leadership election

text: The Conservative Party leadership election in October 2022 determined Liz Truss's successor as Leader of the Conservative Party and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom following her resignation on October 20, 2022.


text: By the end of October 24, the two favorites were Penny Mordaunt and Rishi Sunak. After Mordaunt dropped out of the election, Sunak became the leader on the same day, at 2pm.


text: Eleven candidates put forward for the July 2022 party leadership election. Eight people were fully nominated by Conservative MPs: Kemi Badenoch, Suella Braverman, Jeremy Hunt, Penny Mordaunt, Rishi Sunak, Liz Truss, Tom Tugendhat and Nadhim Zahawi. After five rounds of voting, MPs chose Sunak and Truss to nominate party members to vote. Truss was elected by members on September 5 with 57.4 percent of the vote.


text: Truss appointed Kwasi Kwarteng as Chancellor of the Exchequer. In September 2022, he announced a small budget with tax cuts and spending increases. What followed was a sharp fall in the value of the pound. This drew widespread criticism. Truss and Kwarteng defended the budget for more than a week before they started announcing the repeal of the most controversial measures:


text: The removal of the 45% income tax rate for the top earners; and the removal of the planned corporate income tax freeze.


text: There were allegations of manhandling, bullying, physical intimidation at a vote on Labour's motion to ban fracking that night. On October 20, 2022, Liz Truss met with the Chairman of the 1922 Committee Sir Graham Brady and Chairman of the Conservative Party Sir Jake Berry before announcing her resignation.


text: On October 20 Truss wrote in her resignation letter that the election would be completed "within the next week." Sir Graham Brady instituted a fast procedure.


text: Deadline for nominations was 2:00pm, October 24, 2022. Candidates needed support from at least 100 members of Congress by the deadline.


text: The following Conservative MP declared her intention to stand for leadership but subsequently withdrew from the race:


text: Commentators suggested the following Conservative Party politicians as candidates, who declined to stand:


text: Penny Mordaunt dropped out of the election because she was unable to get the support of 100 MPs by the deadline of the election. This allowed Rishi Sunak to win the election unopposed, and became the Leader of the Conservative Party.


title: Zenobia

text: Zenobia (240 – c. 275 ) was a queen who ruled in the 3rd century over the Palmyrene Empire in what is today Syria. She led a famous revolt against the Roman Empire. She was the second wife of King Septimius Odaenathus. Zenobia became queen of Palmyra after Odaenathus' death in 267. By 269, Zenobia had expanded the empire, taking over Egypt from the Romans. Tenagino Probus, the Roman governor, committed suicide after his failed attempt to recapture the territory. In 272 Zenobia declared herself Empress. She ruled over Egypt until 274, when she was defeated and taken as a hostage to Rome by Emperor Aurelian.


title: Zenobia

text: Zenobia was Semitic. Many people think she was either Arab, Jewish or Aramean. She gave her son an Arabic name but her family spoke the Aramaic language, the language of the Arameans. She is known by other names, such as ' () in Arabic sources, "Zenobius" in Latin sources and ' () in Aramaic sources.


title: Aristeia

text: Aristeia describes a hero's moment of greatest glory, the moment when a hero kills the most people. It is a Greek word and comes from "aristos" which means "the best". It is used many times in Homer's epic poem. the "Iliad". Several heroes in the "Illiad" had moments of aristeia. These include Agamemnon, Diomedes, and Hector.


title: Aristeia

text: In Athens, Sparta, and other city-states of Ancient Greece, the aristeia was a prize awarded to soldiers who had been very brave in battle.


title: Aristeia

text: Lucan, a Roman poet who lived from 39 to 65 AD, wrote about moments of aristeia in his epic poem called "Bellum Civile". His poem was about the war between Julius Caesar and Pompey. Virgil also used aristeia in his epic poem, the "Aeneid".


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: The Sun Belt Conference (SBC) is a group of college sports teams that play each other on the NCAA Division I level. The conference was formed in 1976, and started playing football in 2001. All 14 full members (those playing most of their sports in the league) play football in the top-level Division I FBS. The conference's full members are scattered through the southern United States.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: At different times, the SBC has had "associate members" that play only a few sports, usually one, in the league. As of the 2022–23 school year, it has three associate members, all in men's soccer, a sport that the SBC resumed playing after a one-year absence.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Most associate members in league history no longer compete in the SBC. The first school to abandon single-sport membership was Utah State, which played Sun Belt football in 2003 and 2004 before joining the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) in 2005. The Aggies have been members of the Mountain West Conference since 2013.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Idaho and New Mexico State were involved in the league at two different times. New Mexico State first joined the Sun Belt as a full member in 2000, and brought its football team into the Sun Belt the next year. Also in 2001, Idaho joined only for football. Both left in 2005 to join the WAC. During the early 2010s, NCAA Division I went through a major phase of conference changes, with most leagues gaining or losing multiple members. The WAC was one of the most affected conferences, going through a nearly complete membership turnover that left Idaho and New Mexico State as the league's only football schools. In 2014, both placed their football programs in the Sun Belt. The conference announced in 2016 that its agreements for Idaho and New Mexico State to play football in the league would not be renewed when they ended after the 2017 season.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: NJIT (the New Jersey Institute of Technology) was another victim of this realignment; it was forced to become an independent (not in a conference) when its former league, the Great West Conference, collapsed. Its men's soccer team joined the Sun Belt in 2014, a year before the school found a home in the ASUN Conference. Although the ASUN sponsors men's soccer, NJIT kept that team in the Sun Belt until 2016, honoring its two-year contract to play in that league.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Another recent change involved Hartwick, which had long competed in Division I men's soccer despite otherwise being in NCAA Division III. In 2018, Hartwick aligned completely with Division III, moving its men's soccer team to its full-time home of the Empire 8.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: A more recent change came in 2021, when the Sun Belt shut down its men's soccer league after it dropped below the number of members needed to keep the automatic berth its champion received in the NCAA tournament. However, conference realignment would lead to the return of men's soccer after a single season.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Of the four schools that were announced as new members in 2021, three sponsor men's soccer—James Madison, Marshall, and Old Dominion. All were originally intended to join the SBC in 2023. With current members Coastal Carolina, Georgia Southern, and Georgia State also fielding men's soccer teams, the SBC announced it would reinstate men's soccer in 2023. However, the return of men's soccer would be moved forward to 2022 after the expansion plan changed. The revived SBC men's soccer league includes Kentucky, South Carolina, and West Virginia as single-sport members. SBC men's soccer will add another member in 2023 with the arrival of UCF, which will leave the American Athletic Conference (which runs a men's soccer league) for the Big 12 Conference (which does not). UCF's move will unite its men's soccer team with that of West Virginia, the only other current Big 12 member with a men's soccer team.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is where seafloor spreading takes place in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. It is part of a world-wide system of mid-ocean ridges. These ridges make up the longest mountain ranges in the world, all underwater except for short stretches like Iceland. On Iceland, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reaches the surface.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge includes a deep rift valley which runs along the middle of the ridge along almost its entire length. At the rift, the boundary between tectonic plates, magma from the mantle reaches the seafloor. New magma emerges onto the ocean floor near the ridge axis. The crystallized magma forms new crust of basalt and gabbro.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The ridge was discovered during the expedition of HMS "Challenger" in 1872. A team of scientists on board discovered a large rise in the middle of the Atlantic. They were planning the future location for a transatlantic telegraph cable. The existence of such a ridge was confirmed by sonar in 1925


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: In the 1950s, mapping of the Earth’s ocean floors showed the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to have valleys and ridges. Its central valley is seismologically active and the epicentre of many earthquakes. Ewing and Heezen discovered the ridge to be part of a 40,000-km-long essentially continuous system of mid-ocean ridges on the floors of all the Earth’s oceans. The discovery of this worldwide ridge system led to the theory of seafloor spreading and general acceptance of Wegener's theory of continental drift and expansion as plate tectonics.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The ridge started forming in at the end of the Triassic period, and was responsible for the separation of the Americas from Africa and Europe with the breakup of Pangaea.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The ridge sits atop a geologic feature known as the Mid-Atlantic Rise which is a progressive bulge that runs the length of the Atlantic Ocean, with the ridge resting on the highest point of this linear bulge. This bulge is thought to be caused by upward convective forces in the asthenosphere pushing up the oceanic crust and lithosphere.


title: King of Saudi Arabia

text: The King of Saudi Arabia is the head of state and head of government of Saudi Arabia. He serves as the head of the Saudi monarchy — House of Saud. The King is called the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (). The title, means Saudi Arabia's jurisdiction over the mosques of Masjid al Haram in Mecca and Masjid al-Nabawi in Medina, replaced His Majesty () in 1986.


title: King of Saudi Arabia

text: Their royal palace is the King’s Palace in Riyadh. Since 23 January 2015, the current king of Saudi Arabia is King Salman.


title: Polity

text: A polity is a group of people who are brought together by any form of political agreement and who consider themselves as forming an autonomous unit. The political agreement uniting the group may be of different types: it can be a written constitution or even the unwritten recognition and respect of a hierarchy within the group. Depending on the size of the polity, it can be organized by a government or other, simpler forms of hierarchy. It is important to realize that the term polity can be used to refer to big entities like states, empires, and kingdoms, but also to smaller units like chiefdoms. What counts in calling a given group "a polity" is not its size nor the form of government it has. To be called "a polity" a group must be an organized and autonomous group that has exclusive rights of use of a specific portion of land.


title: Galicia (Spain)

text: Galicia or Galiza is a nationality in Spain that became a Spanish autonomous community in 1978. It is in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. It shares borders with Portugal to the South and the communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east.


title: Galicia (Spain)

text: Galicia is a green country with Celtic features. Since re-gaining autonomy in 1978, Galicia has been governed by the Xunta de Galicia (government of Galicia). Galicia was strictly governed from 1990 until 2005, during the Manuel Fraga years. The Xunta de Galicia was then under a socialist president Emilio Perez Touriño, who had made Galicia more liberal than ever before, until 2009. From March 2009 Partido Popular (right-wing party) won power and the new president is Alberto Núñez Feijoo, who won a second term as President in 2012.


title: Galicia (Spain)

text: Galicia has one main language:"Galician" "galego". It has many similarities with Portuguese. Galego and Portuguese have the same origin. Spanish is also spoken in Galicia, but mainly as a second language.


title: Galicia (Spain)

text: Galicia is very famous for its fishing industry and seafood remains an important part of its cuisine. A very popular dish in Galicia is "polbo á feira", ("polbo" means octopus). There are many restaurants that serve seafood in Galicia.


title: Gladiator (movie)

text: Gladiator is a 2000 Anglo-American historical action movie. Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix) takes power and strips rank from Maximus (Russell Crowe), one of the favored generals of his predecessor and father, Emperor Marcus Aurelius, the great stoical philosopher. Maximus is then relegated to fighting to the death in the gladiator arenas.


title: Gladiator (movie)

text: It won five Academy Awards. "Gladiator" was directed by Ridley Scott and produced by Douglas Wick, David Franzoni and Branko Lustig.


title: Hulagu Khan

text: Hulagu Khan, also known as Hulagu, Hülegü or Hulegu (Хүлэгү, "Khülegü"; Chagatai/; Arabic:هولاكو; c. 1217 – 8 February 1265), was a Mongol ruler who conquered much of Southwest Asia.


title: Hulagu Khan

text: Son of Tolui and the Kerait princess Sorghaghtani Beki, he was a grandson of Genghis Khan, and the brother of Arik Boke, Mongke and Kublai Khan. He was also the step-father of Absh Khatun. Hulagu's army greatly expanded the southwestern portion of the Mongol Empire, founding the Ilkhanate of Persia. Under his leadership, the Mongols destroyed the two greatest centers of Islamic power, Baghdad in the year 1258, and Damascus, causing a shift of Islamic influence to the Mamluks in Cairo.


title: Hulagu Khan

text: Niccolò and Maffeo Polo reportedly travelled to the realm of Hulagu and stayed in the city of Bukhara, in modern day Uzbekistan, where the family lived and traded for three years from 1261 to 1264.


title: Swazi language

text: Swati (also known as Swazi) ( "SiSwati") is part of the Nguni group of Bantu languages. It is spoken by about 1.5 million people in Eswatini and South Africa. It is the official language of Eswatini and one of the eleven official languages in South Africa. It is taught in the schools of Eswatini, and in some South African schools. Swati is closely related to Phuthi, a language spoken in Lesotho, and to Zulu, Ndebele and Xhosa.


title: Swazi language

text: Swati has four main varietes: Shiselweni, Hhohho, Manzini and Shiselweni. They correspond with the four administrative regions of Eswatini.


title: Nationalization

text: Nationalization is when a business is owned and run by the government. If the government stops owning the business and it becomes controlled by citizens, this is called privatization.


title: Bank of England

text: The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom. It is the model on which most modern central banks have been based. It was set up to act as the government's banker, and is still the banker for the British Government. The Bank was privately owned from 1694. The Government took it over in 1946.


title: Bank of England

text: It is the second oldest central bank in the world (after the Swedish Riksbank), and the world's 8th oldest bank.


title: Bank of England

text: In 1998 it became an independent public organisation. Though wholly owned by the government, it has independence in setting monetary policy.


title: Bank of England

text: The Bank is one of eight banks authorised to issue banknotes in the United Kingdom. It has a monopoly on the issue of banknotes in England and Wales, and regulates the issue of banknotes by commercial banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland.


title: Bank of England

text: The Bank's Monetary Policy Committee manages money supply and interest rates. The Treasury has reserve powers to give orders to the committee "if they are required in the public interest and by extreme economic circumstances" but such orders must be endorsed by Parliament within 28 days.


title: Bank of England

text: The Bank's headquarters have been in London's main financial district, the City of London, on Threadneedle Street, since 1734. It is sometimes known as "The Old Lady of Threadneedle Street" or "The Old Lady".


title: Bank of England

text: Mark Carney assumed the post of Governor of the Bank of England on 1 July 2013. He succeeded Sir Mervyn King, who took over on 30 June 2003. Carney will serve an initial five-year term, and will seek UK citizenship. He is the first non-Briton to hold the post.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin (or GB) is a nerve gas, a deadly poison. It was developed as a chemical weapon for use in war by Nazi Germany.


title: Sarin

text: It is classified as a weapon of mass destruction in UN Resolution 687. Production and stockpiling of sarin was outlawed by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993, and it is classified as a Schedule 1 substance according to the convention. That means that is a very dangerous chemical that has no use outside of chemical warfare.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin can be lethal even at very low concentrations. Death comes in 1 to 10 minutes after breathing it in. It paralyses lung muscles. Antidotes, such as atropine, can save a person if given immediately.


title: Sarin

text: People who get a non-lethal dose, but do not get immediate treatment, may suffer permanent neurological damage.


title: Sarin

text: Like other nerve agents, sarin attacks the nervous system by stopping nerve endings in muscles from switching off. Death will usually occur as a result of asphyxia due to the inability to control the muscles involved in breathing function.


title: Sarin

text: In vertebrates, acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter used at the neuromuscular junction, where signals are transmitted between neurons from the central nervous system to muscle fibres.


title: Sarin

text: Normally, acetylcholine is released from the neuron to stimulate the muscle, after which it is degraded by acetylcholinesterase. This allows the muscle to relax. Inhibition of cholinesterase means the neurotransmitter continues to act on the muscle fibre. This stops breathing.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin was discovered in 1938 in Wuppertal-Elberfeld in Germany by scientists at IG Farben attempting to create stronger pesticides. it is the most toxic of the four G-Series nerve agents made by Germany. The name "sarin" comes from letters in the scientists' names: Gerhard Schrader, Otto Ambros, Gerhard Ritter, and Hans-Jürgen von der Linde.


title: Sarin

text: In mid-1939, the formula for the agent was passed to the chemical warfare section of the German Army Weapons Office, which ordered that it be brought into mass production for wartime use. It was not used in World War II.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin is a liquid. It has no color and no smell. However, sarin that is not pure can look brown and smell like burnt rubber. It is miscible in water, which means that it can dissolve in water. Sarin melts at −56 °C and boils at 158 °C.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin is very dangerous, whether someone touches it or breathes it in. The LD50 of sarin is 172 μg/kg. This means that a group of people were injected with 172μg of sarin per kilogram of body weight, 50% of the people in that group would die. This was determined when scientists injected mice with sarin. They then did calculations to determine the ratio of sarin per kilogram and get the LD50.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin is made by mixing different chemicals together. It is difficult and dangerous for the average person to make sarin or get many of the chemicals needed to make sarin.


title: Sarin

text: 1) Methylphosphonyl difluoride with isopropyl alcohol. Hydrofluoric acid is made as a byproduct of the reaction:


title: Sarin

text: 2) Methylphosphonyl difluoride and methylphosphonic dichloride. This is called the "Di-di" process. Hydrochloric acid is made as a byproduct:


title: Sarin

text: Both methods leave a lot of acid behind. This is a problem because acid will corrode the containers used to store sarin in.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin is hard to store because the bond between the phosphorus and the fluorine is easily broken. That's why it is stored as two separate chemicals that create sarin when they are mixed.


title: Sarin

text: Sarin decomposes at a high pH. First, it breaks down to isopropyl methylphosphonic acid (IMPA). Then it breaks down to methylphosphonic acid (MPA). IMPA can be detected to find out if sarin was used somewhere because it is a chemical not found in nature.


title: Ragtime

text: Its main characteristic trait is its syncopated, or 'ragged', rhythm. It began as dance music in the red-light districts of American cities such as St. Louis and New Orleans years before being published as popular sheet music for piano.


title: Ragtime

text: Ragtime was a modification of the march made popular by John Philip Sousa, with additional polyrhythms typical of African music. The ragtime composer Scott Joplin became famous through the publication in 1899 of the "Maple Leaf Rag" and a string of ragtime hits that followed. For at least 12 years after its publication, the "Maple Leaf Rag" heavily influenced subsequent ragtime composers with its melody lines, harmonic progressions or metric patterns.


title: Ragtime

text: Ragtime fell out of favor as jazz claimed the public's imagination after 1917, but there have been numerous revivals since. First, in the early 1940s many jazz bands began to include ragtime in their repertoire and put out ragtime recordings on 78 rpm records. A more significant revival occurred in the 1950s as a wider variety of ragtime styles of the past were made available on records, and new rags were composed, published, and recorded.


title: Ragtime

text: In 1971 Joshua Rifkin brought out a compilation of Scott Joplin's work which was nominated for a Grammy Award. In 1973, the motion picture "The Sting" brought ragtime to a wide audience with its soundtrack of Joplin tunes. Subsequently, the film's rendering of Joplin's 1902 rag "The Entertainer" was a Top 5 hit in 1974.


title: Ragtime

text: Ragtime (with Joplin's work in the forefront) has been cited as an American equivalent of minuets by Mozart, mazurkas by Chopin, or waltzes by Brahms. Ragtime influenced classical composers including Erik Satie, Claude Debussy and Igor Stravinsky. Ragtime was included in the dance styles of Vernon and Irene Castle, and influenced the English ballroom dances, the foxtrot and the quickstep.


title: University of Birmingham

text: The University of Birmingham (or Birmingham University) is a British red brick university in the city of Birmingham, England. It is based in the suburb of Edgbaston. It got its royal charter in 1900, and included the Birmingham Medical School (founded 1825) and Mason Science College (1875).


title: University of Birmingham

text: Birmingham was the first redbrick university to get university status. It is a member of the Russell Group of research universities and a founding member of Universitas 21. Birmingham is one of the 12 institutions in England with highest entry requirements.


title: University of Birmingham

text: The student population includes around 19,000 undergraduate and 9,000 postgraduate students, making the 11th largest in the UK. As of 2011 it is the seventh most popular English university by number of applications.


title: University of Birmingham

text: In 2010 Birmingham was ranked as the 10th most popular British university by graduate employers. The annual income of the institution for 2010-11 was £470.7 million, with an expenditure of £443.7 million. Birmingham has the ninth largest financial endowment of any British university at approximately £85 million in 2009.


title: University of Birmingham

text: Birmingham is ranked nationally between 10th and 23rd. Internationally it is 99th in the 2010 rankings, and 67th in the 2011 rankings. The "Sunday Times" composite ranking put the university 19th from 1998 to 2007. Birmingham was ranked 12th in the 2008 research assessment.


title: Roe

text: Roe is the ripe eggs of fish and certain marine animals, for example sea urchins, shrimp and scallop. It is a type of seafood. Roe is used in many different foods. It can be used cooked or raw.


title: Bell Labs

text: Bell Laboratories (or Bell Labs) is part of the French company Alcatel-Lucent which in turn is owned by Nokia. It is a research subsidiary of the company, and is based in Berkeley Heights, New Jersey, United States.


title: Stefan–Boltzmann law

text: In quantum physics, the Stefan-Boltzmann law (sometimes called Stefan's Law) states that the black-body radiation energy emitted by a given object is directly proportional to the temperature of the object raised to the fourth power. The equation for this law is:


title: Roe

text: Roe from the Hilsa fish is a delicacy in West Bengal and Bangladesh. The roe is usually deep-fried. Other ways of cooking it such as mashed roe where the roe crushed along with oil, onion & pepper, or curry of roe could also be found. In the state of Kerala, roe is deep fried in coconut oil and is a delicacy. Among the tribal populace, deeply-roasted roe in open fire (much like marshmallows) is a delicacy. In this region, the roe of rohu is also delicacy. It is eaten fried or put inside a fried pointed gourd to make "potoler dolma".


title: Bell Labs

text: AT&T created Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1925. It works on creating new things. Bell Labs in the 20th century did much scientific research. Work done there has won seven Nobel Prizes.


title: Stefan–Boltzmann law

text: where σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, which is equal to 5.670 373(21) x 10 W m K, and where R is the energy radiated per unit surface area and per unit time. "T" is temperature, which is measured in Kelvin scale. Although this law is accurate and helpful, it is only usable for the energy radiated by blackbodies.


title: Roe

text: In the Caspian provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran, several types of roe are used. Called Ashpal or Ashbal, roe can be eaten grilled, cured, salted, or mixed with other things. If salted or cured, it is eaten as a condiment. If used fresh, it is usually grilled, steamed, or mixed with eggs and fried to make a custard-like dish called "Ashpal Kuku".


title: Roe

text: Roe from Kutum (also known as Caspian White Fish or "Rutilus Frisii Kutum"), Roach (called "Kuli" in Gileki), Bream (called "Kulmeh" in Gileki), and Caspian Salmon are liked very much. Roe from Carp is less common and Barbel roe is also used at times.


title: Roe

text: Lumpfish ("stenbider") roe is used in Danish cuisine. It is served on top of halved or sliced hard-boiled eggs, on top of piles of shrimp, or with other fish or seafood. Another commonly eaten roe is that from the cod ("torsk").


title: Roe

text: Tarama is carp roe used to make taramosalata. Taramosolata is a Greek and Turkish food that is made of tarama mixed with lemon juice, bread crumbs, onions, and olive oil. Other food is dipped into it and eaten.


title: Roe

text: Smoked and salted cod roe paste is very popular in Sweden. The most famous brand is Kalles Kaviar. The paste is commonly served as sandwich topping.


title: Roe

text: Roe eaten in the United Kingdom is usually soft roe instead of hard roe. Herring roe is sold in many British supermarkets but it is not very popular. Battered cod roe can also be bought within many fish and chip shops, mainly around the London area.


title: Cree

text: The Cree ( in Cree language; in French) are one of the First Nations in North America. They are one of the largest groups.


title: Lakshmi Mittal

text: Lakshmi Niwas Mittal (; born 15 June 1950) is an Indian steel businessman. He is the chairman and CEO of ArcelorMittal.


title: Cree

text: In Canada, over 350,000 people are Cree or have Cree ancestors. Most Cree in Canada live in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and the Northwest Territories. About 27,000 of them live in Quebec.


title: Lakshmi Mittal

text: In 2005, "Forbes" ranked Mittal as the third-richest person in the world, making him the first Indian citizen to be ranked in the top ten in the publication's annual list of the world's richest people. In 2007, Mittal was considered to be the richest Asian person in Europe.


title: Cree

text: During their history in the United States, Cree people lived west of Lake Superior. Today, they live mostly in Montana, in the Rocky Boy Indian Reservation. Ojibwe (Chippewa) people also live in that reservation.


title: Restriction enzyme

text: A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that cuts DNA at particular places. It works at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as "restriction sites". To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each strand of the DNA double helix.


title: Restriction enzyme

text: These enzymes are found in bacteria and archaea and defend them against invading viruses, which are bacteriophages.


title: Restriction enzyme

text: Inside a prokaryote, the restriction enzymes selectively cut up "foreign" DNA in a process called "restriction". The host DNA is protected by another enzyme which protects the host DNA and blocks cleavage. Together, these two processes are the restriction modification system. It is the earliest and simplest immune system. They are also a kind of selfish, mobile genetic element.


title: Restriction enzyme

text: Over 3000 restriction enzymes have been studied in detail, and more than 600 of these are available commercially. These enzymes are routinely used for DNA modification in laboratories, and are a vital tool in molecular cloning.


title: Restriction enzyme

text: Restriction enzymes probably evolved from a common ancestor and became widespread by horizontal gene transfer. In addition, there is growing evidence that restriction endonucleases evolved as a selfish genetic element.


title: Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

text: Prince Carl Philip of Sweden (Carl Philip Edmund Bertil, born May 13, 1979), Duke of Värmland is a Swedish prince. He is the second child of three children and only son of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden.


title: Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

text: He was born Crown Prince of Sweden, because Sweden did not allow women to rule as Queen Regnant. On January 1, 1980 the Act of Succession was changed to introduce "fully cognate succession". Since then, Carl Philip has been second in the line of succession, after his elder sister, Crown Princess Victoria.


title: Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

text: However, because the UK still has male primogeniture (brothers inherit before sisters), Carl Philip is ahead of his elder sister in the line of succession to the British throne.


title: Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

text: Carl Philip was christened at The Royal Palace Church on August 31, 1979. His godparents are Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland, Prince Leopold of Bavaria, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, and Princess Birgitta of Sweden.


title: Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

text: He married Sofia Hellqvist on 13 June 2015. On 19 April 2016 their first child, Prince Alexander was born.


title: Analog-to-digital converter

text: An analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D or A to D) is an electronic integrated circuit that converts a continuous quantity to a discrete time digital number. An ADC may also provide an isolated measurement. The reverse operation is performed by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).


title: Analog-to-digital converter

text: Typically, an ADC is an electronic device that converts an input analog voltage or current to a digital number. The size of the number grows with an increase in the input voltage or current. However, some non-electronic or only partially electronic devices, such as rotary encoders, can also be considered ADCs.


title: Tax evasion

text: Tax evasion is criminal activity to evade taxes. It may be done by trusts, persons or organizations. The main way taxpayers evade taxes is by deliberately misrepresenting the actual state of their affairs to tax authorities to reduce their tax liability. This includes dishonest tax reporting, such as declaring less income or profit than the amounts which were actually earned. Tax evasion is an activity connected with the informal economy.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup Final

text: The 2014 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 13 July 2014 at the Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to determine the 2014 FIFA World Cup champion. Germany defeated Argentina 1–0 in extra time, with the only goal being scored by Mario Götze. The match was the third final between the two countries, a World Cup record, after their 1986 and 1990 matches, and billed as the world's best player (Lionel Messi) versus the world's best team (Germany).


title: French overseas collectivities

text: The Overseas collectivities (French: "collectivité d'outre-mer" or "COM"), are an administrative division of France. These territories include some former overseas territories and other French overseas holdings with a particular status. All of these were given the name "collectivités d'outre-mer" because of a constitutional reform on March 28, 2003.


title: Tricycle

text: A tricycle is a vehicle with three wheels. It can be also called a trike. Tricycles can have pedals, an electric motor or a petrol engine.


title: Tricycle

text: A child's tricycle is best known, but adult tricycles are becoming more common. The adult trikes will have a chain, gears and are recumbent (the feet are in front of the body). They come in two main styles: tadpole with two wheels up front and one in back and delta with two wheels in the back and one wheel in the front. Almost always the front wheel or wheels steer the bike, and power goes to the back wheel or wheels.


title: Tricycle

text: Some trikes are "fully faired" (covered in a shell to cut wind resistance). These are called velomobiles.


title: Tricycle

text: Motorcycles also come in three wheeled versions. Some people like them for better balance or more room.


title: Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb

text: Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb is an 2014 American comedy movie directed by Shawn Levy and written by Robert Ben Garant, David Guion, Michael Handelman and Thomas Lennon.


title: Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb

text: It is the sequel to the 2009 movie "". The movie stars Ben Stiller, Robin Williams, Rebel Wilson, Ben Kingsley, Dan Stevens, Owen Wilson, Skyler Gisondo, Steve Coogan and Ricky Gervais. The movie was released on December 19, 2014, by 20th Century Fox. It is the third and final installment of the trilogy.


title: Double bond

text: A double bond in chemistry is when two chemical elements are joined together in a chemical bond and share four bonding electrons instead of the usual two. The most common double bond is between two carbon atoms, and can be found in alkenes. There are many types of double bonds, such as in a carbonyl group with a carbon atom and an oxygen atom. Other common double bonds are found in azo compounds (N=N), imines (C=N) and sulfoxides (S=O). In skeletal formula the double bond is shown as two parallel lines (=) between the two joined atoms. When this formula is printed, the equals sign is used.


title: Double bond

text: Double bonds are stronger than single bonds and double bonds are also shorter. The bond order is two. Double bonds are also electron-rich, which makes them more reactive.


title: Double bond

text: The two pairs of electrons involved in the bond do not behave in exactly the same way. One pair of electrons forms a stronger "sigma"bond, noted by σ and drawn as a straight line between the nuclei of the bonding atoms. While the other pair form a pi bond, π, drawn as two cloud-like areas where the electrons exist, as "orbitals".


title: Retirement

text: Retirement is when people stop working. People may retire when they reach a certain age, or if they get sick or have an accident, or even for their own choice. Some people may semi-retire and keep some sort of job. People typically do this after working for so many years and growing tired of it.


title: Dom DeLuise

text: Dominick "Dom" DeLuise (August 1, 1933 May 4, 2009) was an American actor, voice actor, comedian, movie director, television producer, chef and author.


title: Dom DeLuise

text: He was the husband of actress Carol Arthur from 1965 until his death in 2009. He was the father of actor, director, pianist, and writer Peter DeLuise, actor David DeLuise, and actor Michael DeLuise. He starred in several movies directed by Mel Brooks. He was in a series of movies with career-long best friends Burt Reynolds. He was a voice actor in most of the animated movies by Don Bluth. DeLuise appeared in "The Dean Martin Show". He appeared in more than 100 movies.


title: Dom DeLuise

text: DeLuise was born on August 1, 1933 in Brooklyn, New York City. His parents were Italian Americans Vincenza "Jennie" (née DeStefano), a homemaker, and John DeLuise, a garbage collector. He was raised a Roman Catholic. He attended The High School of Performing Arts and Tufts University.


title: Dom DeLuise

text: In 1964, he married actress Carol Arthur; together they have three sons: Peter DeLuise (born 1966), David DeLuise (born 1971), and Michael DeLuise (born 1969).


title: Dom DeLuise

text: DeLuise lived in Santa Monica, California until his death there on May 4, 2009 He had renal failure due to diabetes and also had cancer. He died from kidney failure and complications of cancer. He was 75 years old. DeLuise is buried next to his parents in New York City.


title: Open city

text: In war, when enemy forces are close to capturing a city, the government or military forces in control of the city will sometimes call the city an open city. This means that they will not try to defend the city. The attacking armies will be expected to not to bomb or attack the city. This approach aims to prevent historic landmarks from being destroyed and civilians from being killed.


title: Open city

text: An open city is not defended and not fortified. It is open to occupation by opposing forces with no resistance by the defenders. Under International law an open city may not be bombed or subject to artillery attack.


title: Open city

text: Attacking forces do not always respect cities that call themselves an "open city." Defensive forces may use it as a political tactic as well. In some cases, the declaration of a city to be "open" is made by a side which is close to defeat. In other cases, the city could be defended but the defenders do not want the city to be destroyed.


title: Nikki Sixx

text: Nikki Sixx (Frank Ferrano Jr.), born December 11th, 1958 in San Jose, California. His father (Frank Ferrano), left him and his mother (Deana Richards) when he was the age of two.


title: Persistent organic pollutant

text: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds that are resistant to environmental degradation through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes.


title: Nikki Sixx

text: Sixx moved to his grandparents (Jerome Idaho) early on in his life, before being expelled from his school for selling drugs. Sixx attended seven schools in the span 11 years and his grandparents were fed up with his antics.


title: Persistent organic pollutant

text: For this reason, they persist in the environment for a long time. They can be transported over long distances and bioaccumulate in human and animal tissue. When going up a food chain, there will be larger amounts of these substances. For this reason, they have a large impact on human health and the environment.


title: Nikki Sixx

text: Sixx was sent back to live with his mother in Seattle, Washington. Soon enough he attempted to arrest his mother by borrowing a knife from his neighbor, and cutting above his forearm down to the bone. Sixx confessed to the cops that it was him and not Deana. At age 17, Sixx moved to Los Angeles. He changed his name to what he's known as now as "Nikki Sixx".


title: Persistent organic pollutant

text: Many POPs are currently or were in the past used as pesticides. Others are used in industrial processes and in the production goods such as solvents, polyvinyl chloride, and pharmaceuticals. There are a few natural sources of POPs; most POPs are created by humans in industrial processes, either intentionally or as byproducts.


title: Nikki Sixx

text: He auditioned for many bands as the bass player, before getting into the band London with Izzy Stradlin. He was only staying for two years before grouping together people to be in his new band, which now to be known as the popular Motley Crue. For several years he lived with members of Motley Crue (Tommy Lee, Vince Neil) in a small apartment by the Whiskey a Go Go, L.A.


title: Nikki Sixx

text: In 1987 after struggling with substance abuse, Sixx was legally dead for two minutes of a heroin overdose, luckily the paramedic was a Motley Crue fan, and shot him with adrenaline twice before Sixx woke up, only to shoot up once again a day later. When Sixx woke up with a puddle of blood in his palm, he went to rehab with Motley Crue.


title: Nikki Sixx

text: Nikki Sixx has had several spouses including Courtney Sixx (2014), Donna D'Errico (1996-2007), and Brandi Brandt (1989-1996). He has four children Storm Brieanne Sixx, Gunner Nicholas Sixx, Decker Nilsson Sixx, Frankie-Jean Sixx. Many people believe Sixx was only in the popular band Motley Crue. He was also affiliated with six(x ha g e t it) (Sixx:A.M., London, Brides of Destruction, Sister, and 58).


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: Dido and Aeneas (/ˈdaɪdoʊ/ "Dy-doh and eh-Nee-us") is a three-act English opera. The story and words were written by Nahum Tate. The music was written by Henry Purcell. The opera was probably written about 1684-1685. "Dido" is Purcell's only true opera. It was possibly modeled on John Blow's "Venus and Adonis". Blow's piece was written and staged about the same time. Marc-Antoine Charpentier's little French operas may also have served as models. French music was appreciated at the English court.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: The opera was intended for performance at the court. The death of Charles II may have caused it to be postponed however. The first performance occurred in a Chelsea girls' school run by Josias Priest (the dancing master at court) in 1689. Tragedy and comedy are deftly combined in "Dido". The lovers' scenes are tense with emotion. The witches' scenes are filled with comical cackling and mischief-making.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: The story of the opera is taken from Virgil's "Aeneid". It tells of the Trojan Aeneas' tragic love for Dido, the Queen of Carthage. The opera manuscript has been lost or destroyed. Research and performance rely on earliest printed copies. Some music is believed missing from these early copies. That music is composed afresh by modern composers in Purcell's style. Sometimes music Purcell composed about 1685 is inserted into the score to make up for the lack of the original music. "Dido and Aeneas" is Purcell's best known work.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: The words and story (the libretto) of "Dido and Aeneas" were written by Nahum Tate. The music was written by Henry Purcell. The date for the opera's composition is usually given as 1689. This has been called into question. The work is closer to the music Purcell composed in 1684-1685. The true date of composition probably falls in the middle-1680s rather than 1689. In the middle of the decade, Josias Priest's Chelsea boarding school for young ladies performed John Blow's "Venus and Adonis". This little opera was possibly the model for Purcell's work.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: The opera was probably intended for a performance at court. The death of Charles II in February 1685 may have been a reason to postpone the performance. There is no evidence that the opera was performed at court at this time. The opera was first performed in 1689 at Priest's Chelsea girls' school, rather than at court. The themes, the mythological subject, the plentiful dances, the pastoral setting, the formal concision are all indicative that it was intended for a noble audience rather than the common man. It is more likely these short forms of opera appealed to the English. They preferred song and spoken dialogue.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: "Dido" may have been modeled on the little French operas of Marc-Antoine Charpentier. It may have been modeled on John Blow's "Venus and Adonis", too. "Venus" was composed and staged about the same time as "Dido". The action is carried forward in "Dido" by arioso passages. Choruses and dances are used to frame the various scenes. The intensity of emotion in the scenes for the lovers is contrasted with the grotesqueness of the witches' scenes. Comedy and tragedy are carefully balanced in "Dido". This balance reveals Purcell's sense of drama.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: After 1705, the opera disappeared from the stage. Occasionally, there were concert performances. In 1895, the first staged version in modern times was performed by students of the Royal College of Music to mark the bicentenary of Purcell's death.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: The story of the opera is taken from the "Aeneid" by the Roman poet Virgil. Virgil was trying to create a national epic for the Romans in the way Homer did with "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" for the Greeks. Aeneas is the son of Venus and Anchises of Troy. He flees his home after it is sacked by the Greeks. Ahead of him lies a seven year journey to Italy. Fate has decreed he will found a new nation. Aeneas arrives in Carthage. Queen Dido is mourning her dead husband, a man to whom she swore eternal fidelity. She has fallen in love with Aeneas, and he with her.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: The original manuscript does not exist. Research depends upon the earliest printed copies. Some pieces are believed missing. Sometimes music Purcell composed in the middle 1680s is put into the score to balance the loss. Sometimes the missing music is composed completely afresh in Purcell's style.


title: Dido and Aeneas

text: The opera's tragic outcome is hinted at almost at once in the accompaniment to the Queen's Act 1 aria. The modulation in the ground bass from C minor to G minor on the words "I languish till my grief is known" anticipates the key of Dido's lament in Act 3. Purcell uses a ground bass at other moments: Dido's two arias (Acts 1 and 2) and in the aria "Oft she visits" in Act 2. This aria references Actaeon's tragic death by his own hounds. The word "ground" suggests that which will cover Dido after her death.


title: Titanosaur

text: Titanosaurs were a group of large sauropod dinosaurs. Together with the brachiosaurs and relatives they make up the larger clade Titanosauriformes.


title: Titanosaur

text: They were some of the heaviest creatures ever to walk the earth. Titanosaurs included "Saltasaurus", "Isisaurus", and "Paralititan". The group includes the largest land animals known to have existed, such as "Patagotitan" estimated at long with a weight of and the comparably sized "Argentinosaurus" and "Puertasaurus" from the same region, "Abdarainurus" and "Aegyptosaurus". The group's name is from the mythological Titans of Ancient Greece.


title: Titanosaur

text: The titanosaurs were the last great group of sauropods before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. They were the dominant herbivores of their time. The fossil evidence suggests they replaced the other sauropods, like the diplodocids and the brachiosaurids, which died out between the Upper Jurassic and the mid-Cretaceous.


title: Titanosaur

text: Broadly, their skeleton was similar to earlier sauropods, but with a few key differences. The pelvis (hip area) was slimmer than some sauropods, but the pectoral (chest area) was much wider. This them a uniquely 'wide-gauged' stance: their front legs were wider apart, and usually longer than their hind legs. This can be seen very clearly in the "Argentinosaurus". As a result, the fossilised trackways of titanosaurs are broader than other sauropods. Their vertebrae (back bones) were solid (not hollowed-out). Their spinal column was more flexible, so they were probably more agile than their cousins and better at rearing up.


title: Titanosaur

text: The group was quite varied. Some of the smaller types did not have longer forelimbs ("Epachthosaurus"), and one Chinese find ("Xinghesaurus") had an extremely long neck. These differences must reflect adaptations to differences in their habitats and life-style, but at present there is little known about this. Many of these discoveries are quite recent.


title: Titanosaur

text: Titanosaurs were widespread. Their fossils have been found in all continents, even Antarctica. Four well preserved skeletons of a titanosaur species were found in Italy.


title: Titanosaur

text: They were especially numerous in the southern continents (then part of the supercontinent of Gondwana). Australia had titanosaurs around 96 million years ago: fossils have been discovered in Queensland of a creature around 25 meters long (82 feet). Remains have also been discovered in New Zealand.


title: Titanosaur

text: Titanosaurs hold the world record for the size of a land animal. One place in the Argentine had 150 bones from seven titanosaurs. The largest were from an animal 40 metres (~130 feet) long and 20 metres (35 feet) tall. It would have weighed about 77 tonnes. A local farm worker stumbled on the remains in the desert near La Flecha, about 250km (135 miles) west of Trelew, Patagonia. The BBC flew a team out to record the event.


title: Titanosaur

text: As a group, titanosaurs were high browsers, eating leaves and branches from tall trees. This is in contrast to other herbivores like the Ceratopsia and Ankylosauria, which were low browsers, eating lower vegetation like ferns and cycads . As a general rule, high browsers can eat lower-growing plants, but low browsers cannot eat from tall trees. Like the earlier sauropods (e.g. "Diplodocus") titanosaurs had peg-like teeth and no grinders. This means they used gastroliths to grind their food, and had a huge vat-like stomach.


title: Titanosaur

text: Fossilized dung found with late Cretaceous titanosaurids suggests a broad, unselective plant diet. Besides the plant remains that might have been expected, such as cycads and conifers, there were an unexpectedly wide range of monocotyledons, including palms and grasses (Poaceae), including ancestors of rice and bamboo. This has given rise to speculation that herbivorous dinosaurs and grasses co-evolved.


title: Titanosaur

text: A large titanosaurid nesting ground was discovered in Auca Mahuevo, in Patagonia, Argentina. Another colony is reported in Spain. Several hundred female saltasaurs dug holes with their back feet, laid eggs in clutches averaging around 25 eggs each, and buried the nests under dirt and vegetation. The small eggs, about 11–12 cm (4–5 in) in diameter, contained fossilised embryos, complete with skin impressions. The impressions showed that titanosaurs were covered in a mosaic armour of small bead-like scales. The huge number of individuals suggests herd behavior which would have given some protection against large predators such as "Abelisaurus".


title: Linda Thomas-Greenfield

text: Linda Thomas-Greenfield (born November 22, 1952) is an American diplomat. Thomas-Greenfield has been the 31st United States Ambassador to the United Nations since February 25, 2021. She was the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs in the United States Department of State's Bureau of African Affairs from 2013 to 2017.


title: Linda Thomas-Greenfield

text: In November 2020, President Joe Biden announced his plans to nominate Thomas-Greenfield as the next United States Ambassador to the United Nations. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 23, 2021 by a 78 to 20 vote.


title: Matt Bloom

text: Matthew Jason Bloom (born November 14, 1972) is an American former professional wrestler and professional football player. He is works for the WWE. Bloom is the head trainer at the WWE Performance Center in Orlando, Florida.


title: Mary-Jane Watson

text: Mary-Jane Watson is a fictional character from Marvel Comics. She was created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko. Mary-Jane Watson is a friend of Peter Parker and later becomes his girlfriend. Peter then decides to stop dating her since he is secretly the superhero Spider-Man and she'll be in danger if she's his girlfriend because of that. She later finds out that he is Spider-Man and they go back to dating. They eventually get married.


title: Matt Bloom

text: Bloom is best known for his work with WWE as Prince Albert, Albert and A-Train from 1999 to 2004, and as Lord Tensai and Tensai from 2012 to 2014. He also wrestled in Japan from 2005 to 2012 with All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and Pro Wrestling Noah (Noah) as . During his career, Bloom has held the GHC Tag Team Championship, IWGP Tag Team Championship and WWF Intercontinental Championship.


title: Mary-Jane Watson

text: Mary-Jane Watson is played by Kirsten Dunst in the 2002 Spider-Man movie. She and Peter Parker's best friend Harry Osborn are the only two students at their high school who are nice to Peter Parker. Mary-Jane dates Flash Thompson and doesn't like it when he bullies Peter Parker. When Peter gets bitten by a genetically engineered super-spider and no longer needs his glasses, Mary-Jane compliments him. Flash Thompson then attacks Peter Parker in front of a locker and Peter beats him up. Mary-Jane then breaks up with Flash. She then starts dating Harry Osborne. Harry's father Norman insults her and tells him all she really cares about is his money. Harry defends her. Mary-Jane, who overheard what was said calls Norman Osborne "a creep". Harry defends his father and Mary-Jane breaks up with him. Mary-Jane falls in love with Spider-Man after he rescues her. Harry later sees her talking to Peter and realizes that they are in love. Harry's father finds out and as the supervillain the Green Goblin kidnaps her to get to Peter who he knows is Spider-Man. Spider-Man rescues her by killing the Green Goblin. Mary-Jane later tells Peter she is in love with him and Peter says he will always be her friend but can never be anything else to her. In Spider-Man 2, she accidentally unmasks Spider-Man after he rescues her from Dr. Octopus. They then start dating. In Spider-Man 3, Mary-Jane breaks up with Peter after he starts being mean to people. In the end, Peter goes back to being a good guy and he and Mary-Jane get back together.


title: Enterprise Center

text: Enterprise Center is a sports arena in St. Louis, Missouri. The arena opened on October 8, 1994, and is the current home to the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). The arena was also home to Saint Louis University's men's basketball team from 1991 to 2008.


title: Enterprise Center

text: The arena was originally known as Kiel Center from 1994 to 2000 and Savvis Center from Aug 2000 to 2006. Scottrade acquired naming rights for the arena in September 2006.


title: Enterprise Center

text: The Scottrade Center has held many WWE events as well including: , Survivor Series in 1998, the special live tribute episode of WWF Raw is War that aired after the night of Owen Hart's death, No Mercy in 2001, Judgment Day in 2007, Elimination Chamber in 2010, Royal Rumble in 2012 and Extreme Rules in 2013.


title: Enterprise Center

text: The arena was initially expected to be renamed as the TD Ameritrade Center by the end of 2017, once the purchase of Scottrade by TD Ameritrade closed. However, TD Ameritrade decided not to put its name on the arena. The team later reached a new deal with Enterprise Holdings, a company based in the St. Louis suburb of Clayton, Missouri that owns the Enterprise, National, and Alamo car rental companies. The deal was announced on May 21, 2018, with the name officially changing to Enterprise Center on July 1 of that year.


title: Barry Humphries

text: John Barry Humphries (born 17 February 1934) is an Australian actor, artist, author, comedian, and satirist. His is probably best known for making up and playing the characters of Dame Edna Everage, a Melbourne housewife and "gigastar", and Sir Les Patterson, who is an really rude "Australian diplomat". He is also a movie producer and script writer, a star of London's West End musical theatre, an award-winning writer and a landscape painter. He has been on TV, in movie and on stage. He became popular in Australia in the 1950s, then Britain from the 1960s and finally in America in the 1990s. He has been called the most important comedian since Charlie Chaplin.


title: IZarc

text: IZArc is a file archiver for Microsoft Windows developed by Bulgarian programmer Ivan Zahariev. The program is freeware, but not open source. IZarc can open the most commonly used archive formats, like zip, rar, gzip, tar.gz, bzip2, and 7z, and others many less common formats (48 in total). IZarc has an integration in Windows Explorer and has an Virus Scan feature. IZarc can also do CD image conversions.


title: IZarc

text: IZArc (as of version 3.81) can support and open the following file formats: 7z, A, ACE, ARC, ARJ, B64, BH,


title: IZarc

text: BIN, BZ2, BZA, C2D, CAB, CDI, CPIO, DEB, ENC, GCA, GZ, GZA, HA, IMG, ISO, IZE, JAR, LHA, LIB, LZH, MBF, MDF,


title: IZarc

text: IZArc is also available as a portable application called IZArc2Go. It includes all features and functions of the permanently installed version, except explorer "shell-menu" and the ability to associate file types with it.


title: IZarc

text: It has been awarded by several well-known download sites, such as FileTransit, SnapFiles, SoftNews, Softpedia, WebAttack, because is a software user friendly and can open many formats.


title: Compilation

text: In music, a compilation is a record, usually an album, which contains songs from more than one source. For instance, it could contain songs from studio albums, live albums, EPs, and other places. The songs often have something in common, for instance a "Greatest Hits" compilation will contain the most popular songs by a band or musician.


title: Bright's disease

text: Bright's disease is a historical classification of kidney diseases that are now called acute or chronic nephritis. The main symptom is the presence of serum albumin (blood plasma protein) in the urine, and frequently accompanied by oedema and hypertension.


title: Pallas's cat

text: Pallas's cat ("Otocolobus manul") is also called the manul. It is a small wild cat with a very wide distribution in the grasslands and montane steppes of Central Asia.


title: Pallas's cat

text: It is affected by its habitat getting smaller by being destroyed, with fewer prey, and is also hunted by poachers. It is classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List.


title: Sint Maarten

text: Sint Maarten (or Saint Martin) is a country that is part of the Netherlands. It is on the southern half of the island of St. Martin in the Caribbean.


title: Sint Maarten

text: The "Island area of St. Martin" () was part of the Netherlands Antilles, until the Antilles was dissolved in October 2010, when Sint Maarten became a "country" ("land") within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Government of the Netherlands is responsible for defence, foreign affairs and nationality law. Although part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the territory of Sint Maarten is not part of the European Union; however, its people are citizens of the European Union.


title: Bering Sea

text: The Bering Sea is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It has a deep water basin, which then rises through a narrow slope into the shallower water above the continental shelves.


title: Bering Sea

text: The Bering Sea is separated from the Gulf of Alaska by the Alaska Peninsula. It covers over two million square kilometers, bordered on the east and northeast by Alaska, on the west by Russia's Siberia and Kamchatka Peninsula, on the south by the Alaska Peninsula and the Aleutian Islands and on the far north by the Bering Strait. The Strait connects the Bering Sea to the Arctic Ocean's Chukchi Sea. Bristol Bay is the part of the Bering Sea which separates the Alaska Peninsula from mainland Alaska. The Bering Sea is named for Vitus Bering, a Danish navigator in Russian service, who in 1728 was the first European to systematically explore it.


title: Bering Sea

text: The Bering Sea ecosystem includes resources belonging to the United States and Russia, as well as international waters in the middle of the sea.


title: Bering Sea

text: Most scientists believe that during the most recent ice age, sea level was low enough to let humans and other animals move on foot from Asia to North America across what is now the Bering Strait. This is commonly called the "Bering land bridge" and is believed by some—though not all— to be the first point of entry of humans into the Americas.


title: Bering Sea

text: The Bering Sea has 16 submarine canyons including the largest submarine canyon in the world, Zhemchug Canyon.


title: Bering Sea

text: The Bering Sea is home to some of the world's most interesting wildlife. This sea supports many endangered whale species including bowhead whale, blue whale, fin whale, sei whale, humpback whale, sperm whale and the rarest in the world, the North Pacific right whale. Other marine mammals include walrus, Steller sea lion, northern fur seal, beluga, orca and polar bear.


title: Bering Sea

text: The Bering Sea is very important to the seabirds of the world. Over 30 species of seabirds and about 20 million individuals breed in the Bering Sea region. Seabird species include tufted puffins, the endangered short-tailed albatross, spectacled eider, and red-legged kittiwakes.


title: Bering Sea

text: Two Bering Sea species, the Steller's sea cow and spectacled cormorant, are extinct because of overexploitation by man. In addition, a small subspecies of Canada goose, the Bering Canada goose is extinct due to overhunting and the introduction of rats to their breeding islands.


title: Bering Sea

text: The Bering Sea supports many species of fish. At least 419 species of fish have been reported from the Bering Sea. Some species of fish support large and valuable commercial fisheries. Commercial fish species include six species of Pacific salmon; also Alaska pollock, red king crab, Pacific cod, Pacific halibut, yellowfin sole, Pacific ocean perch and sablefish.


title: African buffalo

text: The African buffalo ("Syncerus caffer"), is a bovine (cloven hoofed animal). It is also known as the Cape buffalo. They are not closely related to other bovines. Because of its aggressive behavior, it has not been domesticated like the domestic Asian water buffalo.


title: African buffalo

text: They can be up to 3.2 meters high, 6 meters long, and can weigh from 800-1200 kg. The males are bigger than the females. The African buffalo's power and size make it easy to defend itself. They have been known to kill hyenas, lions, and other wild predators, and sometimes even humans. The African buffalo is part of the African big five. The phrase "big five" was introduced by hunters. The big five are the hardest animals to hunt, and the African buffalo is considered the most dangerous.


title: Iranic languages

text: The Iranic languages refers to a family of languages, meaning they are related to one another and developed from a common source. They descend from a common ancestor which is identified as "Proto-Iranic".


title: Iranic languages

text: The Iranic languages are also commonly identified as the "Iranian languages". However, some scholars have argued that since the term "Iranian" is already in use for another meaning, the term "Iranic languages" should be used for the language family and it's speakers (the "Iranic peoples"), while the term "Iranian" should be used for anything about the country Iran.


title: Iranic languages

text: The Iranic languages, alongside the Indo-Aryan languages and Nuristani languages, make up the larger Indo-Iranic family of languages.


title: Iranic languages

text: Like many other language families and subfamilies, the Iranic languages are divided according to geographic origins. These include northern, southern, eastern and western.


title: Orne

text: The Orne (61) is a department in France. It is in the Normandy region. Its prefecture is Alençon and its sub-prefectures are Argentan and Mortagne-au-Perche. The department's name comes from the river Orne which flows through it.


title: Gotland

text: Gotland is an island on the east coast of Sweden. It has a total area of 2,994 square km. It is also the biggest Swedish island. Visby is the biggest city on Gotland.


title: Zhou Enlai

text: Zhou Enlai (; 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China. He served from October 1949 until his death in January 1976. Zhou served under Mao Zedong and was an important leader in the Communist Party of China.


title: Zhou Enlai

text: A skilled and able diplomat, Zhou served as the Chinese foreign minister from 1949 to 1958. He believed in getting along with Western countries after the Korean War. He participated in the 1954 Geneva Conference and helped organize Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. He helped make policies regarding the disagreements with the U.S., Taiwan, the Soviet Union (after 1960), India and Vietnam. Zhou is best known as the long-time top aide to Mao Zedong. His specialty was foreign policy. Mao and Zhou's different personalities made them an effective team, according to Henry Kissinger, the American diplomat who dealt with both men.


title: Flag of Poland

text: The flag of Poland is a rectangular, divided into two stripes: white above red. It was created in its modern form in 1921. The colors white and red were earlier declared the official national colors in 1831 by the Polish Parliament in 1831.


title: Guiyang

text: Guiyang () is the capital city of Guizhou province in central China. In 2010, 4,324,561 people lived there.


title: Flag of Poland

text: There is a second version which has a coat of arms in the upper (white) half. The use of this flag is legally restricted.


title: Flag of Poland

text: The exact color of the red was not clearly stated originally, and has changed through the years. In 1919 the official act did not clearly define the red. In 1921 the Polish Ministry of Military Affairs used crimson as the shade of red in publications. In 1928 the president of Poland said the red should be vermilion. That was used until 1980, when people needed to specify the red more scientifically.


title: Debbie Reynolds

text: Mary Frances Reynolds, better known as Debbie Reynolds (April 1, 1932 – December 28, 2016), was an American actress and singer. Reynolds was born in El Paso, Texas. She starred in many television programs and movies. She also had many songs and albums during her career.


title: Debbie Reynolds

text: On December 28, 2016, Reynolds died at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California from a cerebral hemorrhage with hypertension being a factor, aged 84. This was one day after her daughter Carrie Fisher died.


title: Tikrit

text: Tikrit sometimes known as Takrit or Tekrit, is a city in Iraq, located northwest of Baghdad and southeast of Mosul on the Tigris River. As of 2012, it has a population of 160,000.


title: Tikrit

text: At least 80% majority of the people are Sunni. Saddam Hussein, leader of Iraq through April 2003, was born there; he considered it his hometown. He was actually born in a village on the outskirts of Tikrit, however in a part of Tikrit municipality.


title: Thymus

text: The thymus is a specialized lymphoid organ of the immune system. The thymus is in front of the heart and behind the breastbone.


title: Beta particle

text: Beta particles are electrons or positrons emitted by some radioactive nuclei such as potassium-40 or carbon-14 (which becomes nitrogen-14). The beta particles emitted are a form of ionizing radiation sometimes called beta rays. Henri Becquerel and Ernest Rutherford discovered beta rays in the 1890s. Beta particles are made by beta decay. When scientists write it in an equation, they are use the Greek letter beta (β).


title: Thymus

text: In the thymus, T cells or T lymphocytes mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts specifically to foreign invaders.


title: Beta particle

text: There are two forms of beta decay, β and β, which make the electron and the positron. β is a single electron that has a negative charge of -1. Both beta decays also turn a neutron into a proton.


title: Thymus

text: The thymus is where T cells develop from hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells. In addition, this is where the T cells get tolerant to cells of the body.


title: Thymus

text: The thymus is largest and most active during the newborn and pre-adolescent periods. By the early teens, the thymus begins to slow down. However, it continues to make lymphocytes throughout adult life.


title: Electrochemistry

text: Electrochemistry is a kind of chemistry that studies chemical reactions that use or make electricity. Reactions like this happen at electrodes which are made from something that conducts electricity, and put in an electrolyte. An electrolyte is a solution that has ions in it.


title: Laura Bush

text: Laura Lane Bush (née Welch; born November 4, 1946) is an American teacher, librarian, memoirist, author who served as the First Lady of the United States from 2001 to 2009 as the wife of President George W. Bush. She also served as the First Lady of Texas from 1995 to 2000 when her husband was governor.


title: Electrochemistry

text: Electrochemistry was "invented" at the same time as the voltaic pile; the first kind of electric battery.


title: Laura Bush

text: Bush was born at Midland Memorial Hospital in Midland, Texas. She is the only child of Harold Bruce Welch and Jenna Louise Hawkins. Laura and George met and married in 1977. She is the mother of Barbara Pierce Bush and Jenna Bush Hager who were born in 1981. Before she became First Lady she worked as a librarian and a school teacher in Dallas and Austin, Texas.


title: Major

text: Major is a rank that is given for a mid-level command officer (higher than the rank of Captain and lower than the rank of Lieutenant Colonel). In Canada, it is shown by a thick bar followed by a thin bar and again by a thick bar. In Great Britain it is represented by a single crown. In the United States, it is shown by a gold oak leaf. The pay grade for the rank of major is O-4.


title: Hawaii (island)

text: The Island of Hawaiʻi is the largest U.S. Hawaiian Island, and it is the farthest south. It is also called the "Big Island." Its area is 4,038 sq. miles (10,458 km2). The widest part of the island is 93 miles (150 km) across.


title: Herpetology

text: Herpetology is the branch of zoology concerned with reptiles and amphibians. It is about cold-blooded animals like salamanders, frogs, toads, snakes, lizards, turtles, tuataras and crocodilians.