title: Austin Powers (character)

text: Obituaries of Simon Dee (1935–2009), the radio and television presenter, claimed that the character of Austin Powers was inspired by Dee's "Sixties grooviness". Mike Myers has stated that the "Austin Powers" character was based on his own father.


title: Austin Powers (character)

text: Video Games: Austin Powers, Austin Powers Pinball, Austin Powers: Welcome to my Underground Lair, Austin Powers: Oh Behave!, and Austin Powers: Operation Trivia.


title: Austin Powers (character)

text: In 2010, Austin Powers was voted #23 in "Entertainment Weekly"'s list "The 100 greatest characters of the last 20 years."


title: Lou Adler

text: Lou Adler (born December 13, 1933) is a Grammy Award-winning American record producer, music executive, talent manager, songwriter, movie director, and movie producer. He produced the works of Carole King, The Mamas & the Papas and The Grass Roots. Adler was an executive producer of "The Rocky Horror Picture Show", the longest-running theatrical movie in history. He also discovered and produced comedy albums and movies for Cheech Marin and Tommy Chong.


title: 2017 New Zealand general election

text: The 2017 New Zealand general election took place on Saturday 23 September 2017 to elect the membership of the 52nd New Zealand Parliament along with the Prime Minister of New Zealand. The last parliament was elected on 20 September 2014 and officially ended on 22 August 2017.


title: 2017 New Zealand general election

text: Jacinda Ardern became New Zealand's third female Prime Minister, and Winston Peters again became Deputy Prime Minister, a role he had first held in 1996–98. This ended nine years under the National Party Government. Ardern became Prime Minister after the Labour Party agreed to create a coalition with Peters's New Zealand First party, thus making him Deputy Prime Minister. Their shared votes were larger than that of English, thus defeating him.


title: 2017 New Zealand general election

text: Voters elected 120 members to the House of Representatives under New Zealand's mixed-member proportional (MMP) voting system, a system in which 71 members were elected from single-member electorates and 49 members were elected from closed party lists.


title: 2017 New Zealand general election

text: Around 3.57 million people were registered to vote in the election, with 2.63 million (79.8%) turning out. Advance voting proved popular, with 1.24 million votes cast before election day, more than the previous two elections combined.


title: 2017 New Zealand general election

text: The centre-right National Party, led by Prime Minister Bill English, had governed since 2008 in a minority government. It was the first election for English as incumbent Prime Minister, having replaced John Key on 12 December 2016 and the first since 1975 where both major parties had leadership changes. The main opposition parties to the National government were Labour (the official opposition), led by Jacinda Ardern, the Green Party, and New Zealand First.


title: NKVD prisoner massacres

text: The NKVD prisoner massacres were a series of mass executions committed by the Soviet NKVD secret police against prisoners in Eastern Europe during World War II.


title: Parabolic trajectory

text: In astronomy, a parabolic trajectory (also known as parabolic orbit or parabolic escape trajectory) refers to an object (such as an asteroid) which follows a path similar to a parabola around another object. This motion follows Kepler's Laws. A parabolic trajectory occurs when the eccentricity of its orbit is equal to 1.


title: NKVD prisoner massacres

text: The victims were mainly from Poland, Ukraine, the Baltic states, Bessarabia and other parts of the Soviet Union. The Red Army was withdrawing ahead of the German invasion in 1941 ("see Operation Barbarossa"). The death toll came to 100,000 or more. There were nearly 9,000 in the Ukrainian SSR, to 20,000–30,000 in occupied eastern Poland, now western Ukraine, to all Tartar prisoners in Crimea among other places. Not all prisoner victims (150,000 of them in total) were murdered; some were transported into the interior, others were abandoned in prisons or managed to escape because the retreating Soviet executioners could not attend to all of them.


title: Parabolic trajectory

text: Other types of motion in astronomy include circular orbit, elliptical orbit, and hyperbolic trajectory.


title: Captain Sensible

text: Raymond Ian Burns (born 24 April 1954), better known by his stage name Captain Sensible, is an English singer, songwriter and guitarist. He co-founded the punk rock band The Damned, first playing bass before switching to guitar. He is best known for a UK number one hit with his cover of "Happy Talk" in 1982. He often wears a red beret and sunglasses.


title: Universal history

text: It looks for common patterns that one can find across all cultures. Universal historians use a thematic approach. That means they look at history from two viewpoints: On the one hand they look at processes of world history that have drawn people of the world together, on the other hand they want to find out how patterns of world history reveal the diversity of the human experience.


title: Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone

text: The Hawaii-Aleutian time zone subtracts ten hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-10) and nine hours during daylight saving time (UTC-9).


title: Asad Qaiser

text: Asad Qaiser (; born 15 November 1969) is a Pakistani politician. He is the current Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan, in office since August 2018. He has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan, since August 2018.


title: Universal history

text: The study of universal or global history is in some ways a product of the current period of accelerated globalization. This period has two tendencies: it integrates various cultures and it shows their differences when people of different cultures and civilizations have to live with each other.


title: Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone

text: This time zone is called Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time (HST) during standard time (Winter). It is called Hawaii-Aleutian Daylight Time (HDT) during daylight saving time (Summer).


title: Universal history

text: To discuss "the history of the world" in a unified framework is not that new. For example, it was a genre popular in the 19th century, and with Christian historians going back to at least the 4th century.


title: Kalika purana

text: The Kalika Purana is a Hindu script. It is one of the 18 uppurana. There are 98 lesson and 9000 sloka in this holy book. This is the only book written for Goddess Kali and her special form. It explains the kamrupa mountain, river and kamakhya temple. It also records how to worship Kali, Kamakhya and Durga. It is the main book of the Shakta branch in Hinduism. Probably this book was written in Kamrup (present Assam) or Bengal. This Purana is an important scripture. Most modern writers mention that it is a main script of shaktadharma. This Purana mentions the mythological story. It is the rare book where we find the term of Hindu.


title: Kalika purana

text: The oldest printed version of the Kalika Purana was printed in Mumbai in 1907 by Venkateswar Press. Later the first Bengali version of was printed by Kolkata Bangabasi Press in 1909.


title: Alvis Stormer

text: The Alvis Stormer, usually just called the Stormer, was a British armoured vehicle. It was in service with the British Army until mid-2009, when the Stormers were gradually retired.


title: Coins and postage stamps of Sealand

text: The Principality of Sealand, a micronation founded on a former World War II fort in the North Sea, has issued a number of coins and stamps for collectors.


title: Alvis Stormer

text: It was made by the British company Alvis Vickers. Alvis Vickers is now called BAE Systems Global Combat Systems.


title: Coins and postage stamps of Sealand

text: A rebel government, referring to itself as the "Sealand government in exile", seeking to occupy Sealand, issued a single commemorative coin in 1992.


title: Alvis Stormer

text: Stormer 30 is a changed Stormer chassis which gives a tracked reconnaissance vehicle. This type has a turret.


title: Alvis Stormer

text: The vehicle is still only a prototype. It is unknown when it will enter service. The vehicle will be able to be moved around by the C-130 Hercules used by the RAF aircraft as well as the CH-53, which is currently in service with NATO and other nations across the world.


title: Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives

text: The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 151 single-member areas called Divisions. They are also commonly known as electorates or seats.


text: The Divisions are divided among the states and territories of Australia as set out in the Australian Constitution and the "Electoral Act" It is based on population, with the following exceptions:


text: Within each state and territory, the boundaries of the divisions must be redrawn in a process known as "redistribution" at least once every seven years, or when the state's allocation of Divisions changes. Boundaries are drawn by Redistribution Committee. Population is based on the number of "enrolled voters" not the total number of residents.


text: Within a state or territory, the number of voters in each Division can not vary by more than 10% from the average across the state. The number of voters cannot vary by more than 3.5% from the average projected enrolment three-and-a-half years into the future.


text: The Divisions of the House of Representatives are unusual in the way they are named. Many of them are not named after geographical features or numbered, as in most other legislatures around the world. Most Divisions are named after important historical people, such as former politicians (often Prime Ministers), explorers, artists and engineers.


text: In some cases where a Division is named after a place, the connection to that place may have changed a lot. For example, the Division of Werriwa, was named after the Aboriginal word for Lake George near Canberra. However, Werriwa has not included Lake George for many years. The boundary of Werriwa is now 200km north of the lake.


text: The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) is in charge of creating, abolishing, or redistributing the boundaries of the Divisions. Some of the guidelines the AEC use when naming new Divisions are listed below:


title: Mail-order bride

text: Mail-order brides are women who list themselves in catalogs and are picked by males for marriage. The term "mail-order bride" dates back to the 19th century. These brides often come from one country and immigrate to another for marriage reasons.


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Survivor: Guatemala - The Mayan Empire (also known as "Survivor: Guatemala") was the eleventh season of the American reality show "Survivor", and was set inside of the ruins of the Maya civilization. The show was filmed in Yaxhá-Nakúm-Naranjo National Park near the more popular Tikal National Park, in northern Guatemala. The season started being shown on TV on September 15, 2005 on CBS. The finale (last episode) was on Sunday, December 11, 2005 on CBS. Danni Boatwright won this season. She won against Stephenie LaGrossa in a 6-1 vote.


title: Zellers

text: Zellers was US's largest chain of mass merchandise department stores. The headquarters were in Elmira, New York. They had a mascot named "Zeddy", which is a teddy bear.


title: Globi

text: Globi is a Swiss cartoon character. He is often called the Swiss Mickey Mouse. Globi is one of the most famous cartoon figures in the Swiss-German part of Switzerland. It was created in 1932 by the Globus department store chain for advertising. It is a blue human-like parrot with a black beret and trousers in black and red. It was so much liked by the children in Switzerland that it got published independently in 1944. There are a many Globi cartoon books and tapes in Switzerland today. Its appearance has changed several times since his development.


title: Flag of the President of the United States

text: The flag of the President of the United States consists of the presidential coat of arms on a dark blue background.


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Applications had to be given on January 14, 2005. Around March 2005, 800 people were chosen for an interview by CBS. Out of these 800, 48 people were chosen to go in Los Angeles sometime around April 2005. From these 48, 16 were chosen to be in the game this season, which was filmed from June to August 2005. Stephenie LaGrossa and Bobby Jon Drinkard from "" also returned this season. LaGrossa also returned once again in "". Her place is unknown because the season has not been shown on TV yet.


title: Globi

text: Globi was created in 1932 by the Globus stores as a media vehicle for children. They wanted to address Globi to children. First, the figure was named "Kimbukku". Because the people of the canton of Bale named the Globus warehouse "Globi", they thought would be a better name than Kimbukku. The figure was well liked by the young customers from the beginning. First "Globi" appeared as a comic strip in the magazine "der Globi". In 1935, the first book "Globi the Childfriend" appeared. This book has sold over a million copies. It was only really successful in Switzerland. Until today, 79 illustrated classic books have been published. The Globi books were always successful, but in the 1970s they were criticized because of the racism, sexism and violence in books of the 1940s and 1950s. Today, Globi is seen as politically correct. It started to be interested in ecology and animal protection and became more of a role model. For example, in a newer volume, Globi goes with the small rhino named Najma to Africa. The readers learn about the problems of life in the savanna of Africa for rhinos. There was also a movie with Globi in the cinemas in 2005.


text: Attached to the order were illustrations of the seal and flag, and also a set of "specifications" for the flag, which defines more precise colors for the elements than does the blazon of the coat of arms:


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Host Jeff Probst says that temperatures seemed to be over with a lot of humidity. He talked about it during some of the challenges. Challenges like the walk through the jungle and "Mayan basketball" showed how tired all the players were. In Day 1, many of the Nakúm men were sick after the walk, and had a hard time getting better.


title: Globi

text: Because of the big success of Globi, the costs for the warehouse became too big. Because of this, Globi Publisher AG was founded in 1944. Since 1 January 2007, the Globi Publisher AG has been owned by Orell Füssli Publisher. The publisher is active in the Swiss market. In addition to books, they sell other Globi merchandise. These include dishes, cutlery, watches and alarm clocks, plush toys, drapery, lamps, card games and foods. There are also tourist attractions such as Globi hotel, a trail and a bus. In December 2008, a Globi winter park was built in Engelberg. In addition to Globi, other characters including Papa-Moll and Glöbeli exist. Yearly, over 80,000 Globi comic books, 40,000 educational Globi books, between 25,000 and 30,000 Papa-Moll books and 100,000 cassettes are sold.


text: It is illegal to reproduce or sell the flag of the President pursuant to Title 18 of the United States Code § 713(b). This is because it substantially reproduces the Seal of the President.


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: After the tribes were merged (combined), production put a small Immunity Idol in the Xhakúm tribe. Gary Hogeboom found it up in a tree, saving him from being voted off at that Tribal Council. Unlike later seasons, this Idol could only be used before the vote instead of after, and once it was used, it wouldn't be used anymore. However, it could be used until the Final Four.


title: Globi

text: Today Globi Publisher employs 4 permanent employee, 2 exponents, 3-4 graphic artists and bookkeepers and about 10-12 illustrators and writers.


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: The tribes were Yaxhá (blue buffs, living in a shelter in the jungle) and Nakúm (yellow buffs, living near the Mayan ruins). Both of these tribes were named after two old Mayan cities. When there were 10 people left, the tribes merged one tribe, which the players named "Xhakúm" (red buffs, at Nakúm's old camp), named by blending the names "Yaxhá" and "Nakúm".


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Tina Scheer, a player on "", was supposed to be on the show this season, but her son had been killed in a car accident and she backed out.


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: The players came on June 22 and began filming on June 27. Filming ended on August 4 and players returned home August 5. (Source from Survivor Fever )


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 1: The sixteen new players learned upon arriving in the Guatemalan jungle that Bobby Jon Drinkard and Stephenie LaGrossa from "" were returning. They were also told that their first reward challenge would be an walk to a campsite near some Mayan ruins. Nakúm won, and Yaxhá was told to find a new campsite. Yaxhá won the first Immunity Challenge, and because of his illness and injuries he got during the challenges, Jim was voted out of Nakúm (8-1).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 2: Before the Reward Challenge, Blake had cramps and hyperventilation. Nakúm won fishing gear as their reward, and later won Immunity as well. Morgan was voted out because her tribe thought she was weak and lazy (8-1).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 3: At the Reward Challenge, Nakúm won pillows, blankets and a tarp before going on to win their fourth challenge in a row, the Immunity Challenge. At Tribal Council, Brianna of Yaxhá was voted out because her tribe thought she was weak (7-1).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 4: At the Reward Challenge, the tribes were switched; Brooke, Cindy, Judd, Margaret, Lydia, Stephenie, Rafe and Jamie were the new Nakúm and Amy, Brian, Gary, Danni, Brandon, Blake and Bobby Jon were the new Yaxhá. After the new Yaxhá tribe won the Immunity Challenge, Judd make his original Nakúm teammates upset and helped to vote Brooke out (5-3).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 5: At the Reward Challenge, Yaxhá won chips, drinks and a crocodile-proof swimming cage. Nakúm won immunity and Blake was voted out for being selfish, (5-2).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 6: Nakúm won their second challenge in a row, and both tribes would be going Tribal Council. As part of their reward, Nakúm had an individual Immunity Challenge, which was won by Rafe. He was also able to watch part of the Yaxhá tribal council. Margaret, due to personality problems, was voted out of Nakúm (6-1), and Yaxhá voted out Brian (5-1), because they thought they could not trust him.


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 7: Yaxhá won the reward of a jungle canopy zipline ride, then invited Nakúm to camp for Danni's birthday. They swam together in the crocodile-proof cage. Nakúm won the Immunity Challenge, and with Amy still having an ankle injury that she got days ago, Yaxhá thought it was best to vote her out (4-1). After the vote, the four Yaxhá members left moved to the Nakúm camp for the tribal merge.


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 8: It was told that there was a Hidden Immunity Idol located near the camp of the new Xhakúm tribe (the old Nakúm camp). The tribes merged (combined) into one tribe and named the new tribe "Xhakúm". At the Challenge, Jeff said that it would be both for Reward and Immunity. However, only those who didn't think they needed immunity would go to the food reward while the others played for immunity. Gary ended up winning the individual immunity, saving himself because the old Nakúm members (Stephenie, Jamie, Judd, Rafe, Lydia and Cindy) wanted to vote off Gary. With Gary safe from being voted off, they thought about voting off Bobby Jon, but Stephenie told her allies to keep him in the game, allowing him to at least make the Jury. Instead, Brandon, likely the strongest player of the old Yaxhá members, was voted off (6-4).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 9: Gary found the Hidden Immunity Idol. Judd won reward (shared with Bobby Jon and Stephenie), and Jamie won immunity. Gary, whom Nakúm wanted gone, surprised the tribe with the Hidden Immunity Idol at Tribal Council. With Gary safe from the vote once again, Bobby Jon was voted out instead (6-2-1) and became the first member of the Jury. He lasted three days longer than he did on "".


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 10: At the very messy reward challenge, the team of Danni, Gary, Stephenie and Judd won a night away from camp and videos from home. After Rafe won Immunity, Jamie became worried about being voted out; they actually didn't want to vote him out that night, but him being too worried annoyed everyone else. They made his worst nightmare come true, voting him out (6-2).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 11: Cindy won the reward challenge, and took Rafe with her on a reward of a feast, waterfall pool and massage. Rafe won Immunity again, and at Tribal Council, the old Nakúm tribe finally got to vote off Gary (6-1).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 12: The final six's loved ones came to the camp after the Survivor Auction. Danni won an Immunity Challenge advantage, and Judd's wife, Cindy's twin sister and Stephenie's boyfriend were allowed to stay overnight at camp. As a result of her advantage, Danni won the Immunity Challenge. Safe with immunity, Danni also was able to turn the game around for herself by convincing Stephenie, Rafe and Lydia that Judd could not be trusted and was too much of a threat to keep around. In a (4-2) vote, Judd was sent packing, but not before he said some last words to the players left, quote "Bye, guys. Hope you get eaten by a freakin' crocodile. Scumbags."


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 13: After winning the Reward Challenge, Cindy was given the choice of keeping her newly won 2006 Pontiac Torrent or giving one to each of the other players left. Cindy chose to keep the car, a decision which made Rafe made. After Stephenie won Immunity, Rafe was able to get Cindy voted out (4-1).


title: Survivor: Guatemala

text: Episode 14: In the final four, Rafe won his fourth individual immunity, and Lydia was voted out for being liked by the jury (3-1). After a two-hour, 38 minute challenge, Danni won the last immunity challenge. She chose to vote out Rafe, because she thought she would have a better chance at winning the game against Stephenie. (1-0). At the live reunion and finale (last episode), Danni beat Stephenie in a (6-1) vote. Stephenie had lasted 9 days longer than she did on "".


The National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil is one of the National Film Awards presented every year by the Directorate of Film Festivals. This organisation was set up by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films. It was awarded along with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus). The National Film Awards was established in 1954. These awards are the most important film awards in India. These are awarded for the best films of the Indian cinema.


title: Loi Ejercito

text: Luisa Pimentel-Ejército (also Loi Ejercito Estrada or simply Loi Estrada; born Luisa Fernandez Pimentel on 2 June 1931), is the wife of Philippine President Joseph Ejercito Estrada. She was the twelfth First Spouse of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001.


title: Mojgan Azimi

text: Mojgan Azimi born on August 21, 1985 in Herat, Afghanistan. The Mojgan family immigrated to Iran after the Afghan civil war and settled in Mashhad. She completed her primary and secondary education in Iran and then emigrated to Germany with her family. Mojgan's family moves to Switzerland after a while, she is currently living in Switzerland.


title: National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil

text: Award includes 'Rajat Kamal' (Silver Lotus Award) and cash prize. Following are the award winners over the years:


title: Mojgan Azimi

text: Mojgan started her artistic activities at the age of 10 with oil painting. She later studied classical guitar and completed vocal lessons at the age of 18.


title: Mojgan Azimi

text: She has recorded "Ayah" and "twenty-five years" in Iran in 2018. The music video for "Ayah" is known as the first professional work of her, which has rich messages for support of women's, human rights and condemnation of customs and gender discrimination beliefs about them in Afghanistan.


title: Mojgan Azimi

text: She published "Hakeman" in the beginning of autumn 2018. The song won the first prize for best singer, best music and best songwriting at the 2018 San Francisco Roman Award Festival.


title: Murder of Faisal Abedin Deepan

text: Faisal Abedin Deepan (Bengali: ফয়সাল আরেফিন দীপন)(c. 1972 - 31 October 2015) was a Bangladeshi book publisher of the Jagriti Prokashoni publishing house. He was hacked to death inside his house in Dhaka, the Bangladeshi capital.


title: Marlin Fitzwater

text: Max Marlin Fitzwater (born November 24, 1942) is an American author and journalist. He is a Republican. He was the White House Press Secretary from 1987 to 1993. He served under U.S. Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.


title: Murder of Faisal Abedin Deepan

text: Deepan was a secular book publisher who printed writing that discussed topics like atheism and sexual orientation. He had received death threats from religious extremists. He published books by Bangladeshi-American writer and blogger Avijit Roy who was the four secular bloggers killed in Bangladesh the same year. Dipan's father said his company had published Avajit Roy's 2014 book, Biswasher Virus (The Virus of Faith).


title: Murder of Faisal Abedin Deepan

text: An hour earlier, another publisher and two writers were attacked, but they survived. A local al-Qaeda group said they were responsible for the attack. Ahmed Rahim Tutal, a secular publisher, was attacked in his office at the Shudhdhoswar publishing house.


title: Murder of Faisal Abedin Deepan

text: British politicians condemned the murder. British bishop Declan Lang, the chair of the international affairs department of the British bishops' conference, said that the Roman Catholic community in England and Wales should "speak out when people are imprisoned, tortured or killed on account of their atheism." Eric Adriaans, the National Executive Director of Centre For Inquiry Canada said that Canada should offer asylum to people targeted by religious extremists.


title: Murder of Faisal Abedin Deepan

text: The International Publishers Association honored Deepan at their annual conference and called on the United Nations to do more about freedom of expression in Bangladesh. Tutul sent a message to the conference, saying: "If Jagriti Faisal Abedin Deepan were alive today, he would play an important role in this conference. But because he published free-thinking books, Islamist fundamentalists killed him. I urge all my publisher friends to continue to publish the works of free thinkers. I believe this is the best reply to the fundamentalists. By increasing the number of people that free-thinking books can reach, we'll be able to weaken fundamentalism in Bangladesh." Tutal also called for freedom for Bangladeshi writer and publisher, Shamsuzzoha Manik. Manik was arrested under a Bangladeshi law that prohibits criticism of religion. Manik is 73 years old and published a titled "Islam Bitorko" ("Debate on Islam").


title: Sheetal Agashe

text: Sheetal Agashe is an Indian businesswoman. She began her career as an actress; her most notable role being that of an eponymous character in the sitcom from 1999 to 2003. In 2005, she joined Brihans Natural Products Ltd. as the company's managing director.


title: Erin Crocker

text: Erin Crocker (born March 23, 1981) is a former race car driver. She first raced in the World of Outlaws, and won five races, earning her the National Sprint Car Hall of Fame Outstanding Newcomer Award. In 2004, Crocker became a driver for Ford Motor Company's driver development program. In 2005, she joined Evernham Motorsports, and raced in the ARCA/REMAX Series, before joining NASCAR. At Dover International Speedway, Crocker cracked a rib, and had to sit out some races. In 2006, Crocker drove full time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series. One year later, Crocker became involved in a group of lawsuits between Ray Evernham and Jeremy Mayfield, who blamed the team's trouble on Evernham's relationship with a female driver. Crocker later told ESPN that her relationship with Evernham has hurt her racing career. Crocker and Evernham later married. In 2007, Crocker left Evernham Motorsports, and raced in two races for Morgan-Dollar Motorsports, before being replaced by A. J. Allmendinger and Scott Speed. She later became a broadcaster for SPEED.


title: Turan University

text: Turan University (, "Turan Ýnıversıteti"; Russian: Университет Туран), is a university in Almaty, Kazakhstan. It is the country’s first private university, founded in 1992.Turan University was registered in 1992 in Almaty.The system of specialist training at the university is conducted on 3 levels of education: basic higher education (Bachelor's programme, the Master's programme and Philosophiae doctor). Turan University offers 25 undergraduate majors,15 master specialties and 5 Philosophiae doctor specialties. The most popular fields are in three departments: economic, humanitarian and legal, Academy of Cinema and Television faculty. Education at the university of Turan is held in three languages: Kazakh, Russian, English.


title: Sheetal Agashe

text: Agashe was born in Pune, India, the daughter of Dnyaneshwar Agashe, and granddaughter of Chandrashekhar Agashe.


title: Turan University

text: The main goal of the Turan educational corporation is to create a unique environment for obtaining skills to prepare specialists. Turan University adopted a new academic policy towards innovation and entrepreneurship.


title: Sheetal Agashe

text: In April 2018, Agashe won Times of India's Pune Visionary award for her contribution to the Ayurvedic skincare industry as managing director of the company. In July, she won Pune's Most Powerful 2018-19 award by Femina, also for her position at the company.


title: Turan University

text: Admission to Turan University is carried out on the basis of state educational grants. The university also gives its own grants to students who had good marks from school.


title: Turan University

text: The university employs 361 full-time teachers. This includes 55 doctors of science, professors, 215 candidates of science and associate professors, 1 philosophiae doctor. In addition to them, the educational process provides more than 49 practitioners, scientists, teachers and on the basis of staffing and hourly wage. Rector of the university of Turan is Alshanov R.A. Chairman of the university of Turan is Seidumanov S.T.


title: Turan University

text: The university has its own campus with a total area of 35,000m². The main building is 7-storey tall and hosts the administration and the Economics, Humanities and Law faculties.There are 3 football pitches, 3 sports halls and a dormitory on campus.


title: Turan University

text: Educational Corporation "Turan" is a system that provides the principle of continuity and multi-stage education, and includes:


title: Turan University

text: Turan university has an active academic, scientific, sports life, where the initiators of creative ideas are the students themselves.


title: Turan University

text: Students who during the year showed the best results in studies and conducted active scientific work are awarded the honorary title of "Student of the Year". The most active students receive the nomination "The Activist of the Year”. Students can join these organizations to improve their skills of team work:


title: Turan University

text: On May 3, 2017 Turan University organized a training on journalism and press freedom for students from Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The World Press Freedom Day theme will be promoted among participants and Turan University partners. Organizers will train young reporters to cover general news, finance and business, governance, corruption, elections, women and gender equality, climate change and the environment, health, sport, and the culture of peace.


title: Dennis Day (Mouseketeer)

text: Dennis W. Day (July 12, 1942 — July 17, 2018) was an American actor, singer, dancer and theater director. He was best known as one of the original cast members of "The Mickey Mouse Club". After ending his career as a child actor, he went on to work as a theater director before relocating to Oregon in the 1980s.


title: Sanjeet Bedi

text: Sanjit Bedi (8 May 1977 – 23 June 2015) was an Indian television actor. He was known for playing the role of Dr. Omi Joshi in Indian television show "Sanjivani". He began his career as a model, before going into theatre and, eventually, into television. He died on 23 June 2015, after failing to emerge from a coma, induced by a brain ailment.


title: Dennis Day (Mouseketeer)

text: Day disappeared in July 2018 and was found dead several months later at his home in Phoenix, Oregon. A roommate was charged with his death in 2019.


title: Sanjeet Bedi

text: In addition to his role in "Sanjivani", he also starred in such programs as "Jaane Kya Baat Hui", "Kyaa Hoga Nimmo Kaa" and "Kasautii Zindagii Kay".


title: Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation

text: Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation "(RESF)" is a non-profit organization that manages and develops open source Rocky Linux operating system.


title: Melanie Hamrick

text: Melanie Hamrick is a choreographer and retired ballerina who worked at the American Ballet Theatre. She worked for the American Ballet Threatre for 15 years before retiring in 2019. She is also known as the partner of Mick Jagger. They have one child.


title: Murder of Shauna Howe

text: Shauna Melinda Howe (July 11, 1981 – October 27, 1992) was an 11-year-old girl from Oil City, Pennsylvania, who was murdered in October 1992. She was abducted and murdered after her kidnappers threw her off a bridge. In September 2006, her murderers were caught and charged with murder.


title: Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation

text: In order to ensure that all perspectives are heard, the organization is structured into teams, where each of the team lead(s) sits on the leadership team and serves as the RESF Board of Advisors.


title: Murder of Shauna Howe

text: After Shauna Howe was killed, the city council banned trick-or-treating for 15 years. It was unbanned in 2008, two years after her murderers were caught.


title: Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation

text: The general structure of the organization consists of a flat hierarchy of teams with a leadership team. Each team will have one or more of the following roles:


title: Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation

text: RESF is sponsored by many companies, such as CIQ, Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure, MontaVista and VMware.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: The Winter's Tale is a play by William Shakespeare, published in the First Folio, in 1623. It was grouped among the comedies, but some modern editors have relabelled the play as one of Shakespeare's late romances. Some critics, among them W. W. Lawrence, consider it to be one of Shakespeare's "problem plays", because the first three acts are filled with intense psychological drama, while the last two acts are comedic and supply a happy ending.


title: The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures

text: The Wild Thornberrys: Rambler is an Action-Adventure video game, developed by Know Wonder Inc. and published by Mattel Interactive. It was released only for the PlayStation in October 26, 2000. "The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures" is the only video game in the series was made for the PlayStation console.


title: Juma Xipaia

text: Juma Xipaia (or Xipaya) is an indigenous Brazilian Amazon activist and the first female Chief of the Middle Xingu region.  She was the first Xipaya (Xipaia) to speak at the headquarters of the United Nations.  She started speaking out and protesting the building of the Belo Monte Dam,  but after receiving many threats and even an attempt on her life she moved to Switzerland in 2018 for a year.  It was there in Switzerland where she spoke at the UN conference.  She is a mother, warrior, and activist who is fighting for the rights of the rainforest.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: Despite this, the play has been popular, and there are different adaptations of it to the stage. The first was done by David Garrick in his adaptation called "Florizel and Perdita"; first performed in 1754 and published in 1756. "The Winter's Tale" was revived again in the 19th century, when the third "pastoral" act was widely popular). In the second half of the 20th century "The Winter's Tale" was often performed as a whole. The text was usually taken from the First Folio.


title: The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures

text: Involves the characters of the Nickelodeon cartoon The Wild Thornberrys with Action-adventure styled gameplay.


title: Juma Xipaia

text: Juma was born in 1991 west of the city of Altamira in Tucama.  She grew up in a small indigenous community on the Iriri river.   She currently has a husband and kids.  In 2006 she left her village to pursue education.  After she finished high school she went to law school.  She dropped out after less than two years because “law and justice are two very different things." She is now a medical student at the Federal University of Para.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: Polixenes, King of Bohemia, visits his old friend Leontes, King of Sicilia. Leontes wants Polixenes to stay longer, but at first Polixenes wants to go home. However, he is persuaded to stay for longer by Leontes's wife, Queen Hermione. Leontes starts to fear that Hermione and Polixenes are in love with each other. Leontes orders Lord Camillo to poison Polixenes, but Camillo decides to warn Polixenes instead and they run away together to Bohemia.


title: The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures

text: "The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures" was heavily designed by the "Know Wonder Inc." for Mattel only on the PlayStation onsole.


title: Juma Xipaia

text: Xipaya protested the $11 billion Belo Monte dam. She exposed corruption within the company. This led to many threats and a nearly successful attempt on her life. "These days I walk a few hundred meters form my house to the university and back, and I never walk alone" she says.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: Leontes is furious. He accuses his wife of betraying him and puts her in prison. He orders two lords, Cleomenes and Dion, to visit the Oracle, a wise person who is believed to know everything. When Hermione gives birth to a daughter, Leontes believes that Polixenes is the girl's father. He orders Lord Antigonus to take the baby away and abandon her. Hermione is put on trial, when Cleomenes and Dion return with the Oracle's reply. Leontes does not want to hear it, but they read it out. The Oracle says that Hermione and Polixenes were never in love with each other, that Camillo is an honest man, and that Leontes will have no heir until his lost daughter is found.


title: Juma Xipaia

text: In 2017 Brazil was the world's most dangerous country for enviornmental activists. 57 out of the 201 deaths world wide were in Brazil. Juma exposed corruption in the building of the Belo Monte Mega Dam. After this she received many threats from extortion to death.  For two years a white pickup truck followed her around. In the truck were two armed people that eventually made a life attempt that was nearly successful in killing her and her children.  The police did not help her.   After several more threats Juma moved to Switzerland for a year.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: News then comes in that Leontes's only son, Mamillus, has died. He fell ill after seeing his mother being accused by his father. Hermione then collapses. Leontes is then told that she has died. He is left in despair. He vows to make up for what he has done wrong and find his lost daughter. Meanwhile, Hermione appears to Antigonus in a dream and tells him to name the baby Perdita. He leaves the baby on the coast, with her name written down and some jewellery to show she comes from a noble family. He is then chased away by a bear (and probably killed). Perdita is later found by a shepherd.


title: Juma Xipaia

text: Juma tried to stop the building of the Belo Monte Dam but failed. She watched as her childhood village (Tucama ) change a lot. Their wooden houses were replaced by cement. Everyday new things were added like fridges and processed foods. Juma believes that this was the deliberate destruction of her culture, ethnocide.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: Sixteen years pass. Camillo lives with Polixenes but wants to return home to Sicilia. Polixenes believes his son, Prince Florizel, has fallen in love with a shepherd girl called Perdita. Polixenes and Camillo disguise themselves and go to the shepherd's feast to see if this is true. They watch Florizel get engaged with Perdita at the feast. Polixenes then removes his disguise and angrily tells his son never to see Perdita again. Camillo steps in and instead takes Florizel and Perdita to Sicilia, with the shepherd's family joining them.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: Back in Sicilia, Leontes is still mourning his family. Cleomenes and Dion want the king to marry again, but Leontes believes no woman would be as good as Hermione, and his servant Paulina agrees. Florizel arrives and tries to hide why he has come, but it gets revealed once Polixenes and Camillo also arrive. After all that has happened, everyone becomes friends again. Once Leontes learns that the shepherds raised Perdita, he decides to make them lords in his kingdom. Paulina then takes them to see a statue of Hermione that has just been finished. The statue comes to life, and Hermione is alive once more. Everyone celebrates the miracle.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: Like most of Shakespeare's plays, it was based off an existing story. It is mainly based off a 1588 play called "Pandosto" by Robert Greene. Shakespeare made less changes to the story than he would usually make. The main difference is that he changed it from a sad ending to a happy ending. Shakespeare made other, smaller changes. All the characters have different names, and Bohemia and Sicilia are swapped around.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: The play has five "acts" (parts). The first three acts have tense drama. A character called "Time" briefly appears to announce the sixteen-year time jump between the third and fourth acts. The last two acts are much lighter in tone. They are like the "pastoral" plays that were popular around Shakespeare's time, which were light plays that were set in the countryside. Although the play has a happy ending, some of the tragedy cannot be undone: Mamillus is still dead, and the bad things that happened in the past cannot be forgotten.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: It appears Shakespeare was not trying to make the play realistic. Many things in the play suggest it is set in Europe in Shakespeare's day, but the "Oracle of Delphos" sounds like the Oracle of Delphi in Ancient Greece. This was located in the mountains, not on an island like in the play. In the play, it is also said that Bohemia has a coastline and deserts. The real Bohemia was located where the Czech Republic is now located. It never had a coastline or deserts. Shakespeare might have chosen to make it unrealistic, in order to make the play feel more like a fantasy.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: The play also has a famous moment when Antigonus is chased away by a bear. In the stage directions, this is written as "Exit, pursued by a bear." It is not known whether Shakespeare used a real bear, or whether it was an actor dressed as a bear.


title: The Winter's Tale

text: It is not clear how Hermione returns at the end of the play. The play suggests it might be magic, but it also suggests that Hermione was alive all along.


title: Karl Landsteiner

text: Karl Landsteiner (June 14, 1868 - June 26, 1943) was an Austrian doctor. He won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of human blood types published on 14 November 1901. His blood type is O.


title: Western Wall

text: The Western Wall, Wailing Wall or Kotel (, ; ; ) is an ancient wall in the Old City of Jerusalem on the western side of the Temple Mount. According to Jewish tradition this wall is a remnant of the Second Temple in Jerusalem. It is the most holy site for Jews.


title: Louis Daguerre

text: Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre (18 November 1787 – 10 July 1851) was a French artist and physicist, recognized for his invention of the daguerreotype process of photography. He became known as one of the fathers of photography. Though he is most famous for his contributions to photography, he was also an accomplished painter and a developer of the diorama theater.


title: Arabian Desert

text: The Arabian Desert is a desert in western Asia. It is on most of the Arabian Peninsula. It covers . Most people are Arabs. The main language is Arabic, and the main religion is Sunni Islam.


title: Aziz Sancar

text: Aziz Sancar (born September 8, 1946) is a Turkish chemist. He received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Tomas Lindahl and Paul Modrich for mechanistic studies of DNA repair.


title: Arabian Desert

text: The countries in The Arabian Desert are Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, the UAE, Oman, and Yemen.


title: Arabian Desert

text: Animals that live here are gazelles, oryx, sand cats, and spiny-tailed lizards. Very few animals live in the Rub' al Khali in the middle of the desert.


title: Shinji Okazaki

text: Okazaki was born in Takarazuka on April 16, 1986. After graduating from Takigawa Daini High School, he joined J1 League club Shimizu S-Pulse in 2005. He played many matches from 2007. The club won the 2nd place in the 2005, 2010 Emperor's Cup and 2008 J.League Cup. In January 2011, he moved to German Bundesliga club Stuttgart and played in 3 seasons. In 2013, he moved to Mainz. He scored 27 goals in 2 seasons. In 2015, he moved to English Premier League club Leicester City. In first season, the club won the Premier League champions. He played for the club in 4 seasons. In July 2019, he signed with Spanish Segunda División club Málaga CF. However, Málaga canceled its contract, since the team was unable to register him as his wage demands exceeded its maximum budget spend as permitted by the league. In September 2019, he signed with Segunda División club Huesca. The club won the champions in 2019/20 season and was promoted to La Liga.


title: Steve Buscemi

text: Steven Vincent Buscemi (born December 13, 1957) is an American actor, director, producer, writer and former firefighter. He is best known for his roles as Mr. Pink in "Reservoir Dogs", Carl Showalter in "Fargo", and Seymour in "Ghost World". With a long career, he has worked in several movies and television shows like "The Sopranos" and "The Simpsons". He was married to Jo Andres from 1987 until her death in 2019. They have a son, Lucian Buscemi.


title: Shinji Okazaki

text: In August 2008, Okazaki was selected the Japan U-23 national team at 2008 Summer Olympics and played all 3 matches. On October 9, 2008, he debuted for the Japan national team against United Arab Emirates. After the debut, he played many matches as forward or offensive midfielder. He was selected the japan for 2010 World Cup. However he lost his position just before 2010 World Cup and he played as substitute in all 4 matches. After the 2010 World Cup, he became a regular player again under new Alberto Zaccheroni. In 2011, he participated 2011 Asian Cup. He played all 6 matches and scored 3 goals, and Japan won the champions. In 2013, he participated 2013 Confederations Cup. He played all 3 matches and scored 2 goal against Italy and Mexico. In 2014, he was selected the Japan for 2014 World Cup. He played all 3 matches and scored a goal against Colombia. His opportunity to play decreased from 2017. He also played at 2018 World Cup and 2019 Copa América. He played 119 games and scored 50 goals for Japan until 2019.


title: Cato the Elder

text: Marcus Porcius Cato (Latin: ) (234 BC, Tusculum–149 BC) was a Roman statesman, surnamed the Censor ("Censorius"), "Sapiens, Priscus", or the Elder ("Major"), to distinguish him from Cato the Younger (his great-grandson).


title: Artemisia Gentileschi

text: Artemisia Gentileschi (July 8, 1593 – c. 1656) was an Italian Baroque painter. Her best known painting is "Judith Beheading Holofernes". She was born in Rome. She was the first child of the Tuscan painter Orazio Gentileschi. She finished her first painting when she was 17. In 1611 she was raped by Agostino Tassi. Her father brought a lawsuit against him in 1612. Gentileschi married Pietro Antonio di Vicenzo Stiattesi that year.


title: Cato the Elder

text: He came of an ancient Plebeian family who all were noted for some military service but not for the discharge of the higher civil offices. He was bred, after the manner of his Latin forefathers, to agriculture, to which he devoted himself when not engaged in military service. But, having attracted the notice of Lucius Valerius Flaccus, he was brought to Rome, and successively held the offices of Cursus Honorum: Tribune (214 BC), Quaestor (204 BC), Aedile (199 BC), Praetor (198 BC), Consul (195 BC) together with his old patron, and finally Censor (184 BC).


title: Pika

text: A pika is a small mammal related to the hare and the rabbit (lagomorph). Pikas are also known as rock rabbits or coneys. Pikas have short limbs, a round body, an even coat of fur, round ears, and no external tail.


title: Taxi Driver

text: Taxi Driver is a 1976 American crime drama thriller movie directed by Martin Scorsese and written by Paul Schrader. It stars Robert De Niro, Jodie Foster, Cybill Shepherd, Harvey Keitel, Peter Boyle, Leonard Harris and Albert Brooks. Set in a decaying and morally bankrupt New York City following the Vietnam War, the film tells the story of Travis Bickle, a lonely taxi driver who descends into insanity as he plots to assassinate both the presidential candidate for whom the woman he is infatuated with works, and the pimp of an underage prostitute he befriends.


title: Pika

text: There are 37 different species of pika. Most pikas live in colder climates, on rocky mountain slopes. Pikas need cold temperatures to live, and can die if exposed to temperatures above . They live in Asia, North America and parts of Eastern Europe. They are active during the day or twilight. Pikas do not hibernate. Because they do not hibernate, during the summer they gather food for winter. They collect hay, which they pile up to dry. They sometimes steal hay from each other. This often results in disputes. Predators, like ferrets, and large birds often use these disputes to catch pikas.


title: Taxi Driver

text: A critical and commercial success upon release and nominated for four Academy Awards, including for Best Picture, Best Actor (for De Niro) and Best Supporting Actress (for Foster), "Taxi Driver" won the Palme d'Or at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival. The movie generated controversy at the time of its release for its depiction of violence and casting of a 12-year-old Foster in the role of a child prostitute.


title: Pika

text: Pikas in Eurasia often live in family groups and share duties of gathering food and keeping watch. Some species are territorial. Pikas in North America are asocial outside of breeding season.


title: Taxi Driver

text: In 2012, "Sight & Sound" named it the 31st-best movie ever in its decennial critics' poll, ranked with "The Godfather Part II", and the fifth-greatest movie of all time on its directors' poll. The film was considered significant by the US Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry in 1994.


title: Taxi Driver

text: John Hinckley saw the movie many times. He wanted to impress Foster. He tried to assassinate President Ronald Reagan by shooting him. Reagan survived the 1981 attack.


title: Photocopier

text: A photocopier (also called copier or copy machine) is a machine that copies words or pictures from one paper to another.


title: Lucasfilm

text: Lucasfilm is an American movie and television production company. It is based in the Letterman Digital Arts Center in San Francisco, California. It is best known for the "Star Wars" and "Indiana Jones" movie franchises. It does live action and animation. In 2013, Disney announced that they would buy Lucasfilm Limited for one billion dollars. Lucasfilm became a subsidiary of Disney.


title: Lucasfilm

text: Lucasfilm was created in 1971 by George Lucas (creator of the "Star Wars" Franchise). It had a Lucasfilm Animation division for animation products. Lucasfilm Ltd. had done services of products in Live Action movies and Animated television series and movies.


title: Mamma Mia!

text: Mamma Mia! is a 2008 American romantic musical comedy movie set in Greece. It is based on the musical stage play and on ABBA's 1975 chart topping song. It was distributed through Universal Pictures. It stars Amanda Seyfried as Sophie Sheridan, Meryl Streep as her mother, and Colin Firth, Stellan Skarsgard and Pierce Brosnan as Sophie's three possible fathers. "Mamma Mia!" was given mixed reviews, although it received almost $610 million worldwide, becoming the highest grossing musical motion picture in American history.


title: Great Soviet Encyclopedia

text: The Great Soviet Encyclopedia is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, submitted in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's information was partially added into the later "Great Russian Encyclopedia" in an updated and changed form. The GSE said to be "the first Marxist–Leninist general-purpose encyclopedia".


title: Great Soviet Encyclopedia

text: The idea of the "Great Soviet Encyclopedia came" in 1923 on the idea of Otto Schmidt, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In early 1924 Schmidt worked with a group which had Mikhail Pokrovsky, (rector of the Institute of Red Professors), Nikolai Meshcheryakov (Former head of the Glavit, the State Administration of Publishing Affairs), Valery Bryusov (poet), Veniamin Kagan (mathematician) and Konstantin Kuzminsky to draw up a proposal which was chosen in April 1924. Also involved was Anatoly Lunacharsky.


title: Great Soviet Encyclopedia

text: The third version was translated and submitted into English in 31 books between 1974 and 1983 by Macmillan Publishers. Each book was translated separately, making use of the index found at the front of each book to locate specific items; knowledge of Russian can be helpful to find the right book the first time. Not all versions were translated into English; these are indicated in the index. Articles from the English version are made available online by TheFreeDictionary.com.


title: Great Soviet Encyclopedia

text: The third version was translated into Greek and submitted in 34 books between 1977 and 1983 from Akadimos publishing company (owned by Giannis Giannikos), which has also translated various Soviet encyclopedias and literature. All articles that were related to Greece or Greek history, culture and society were expanded and hundreds of new ones were written especially for the Greek version. The encyclopedia contains, for example, both the Russian entry on Greece as well as a much larger one prepared by Greek contributors. Each article written especially in the Greek version is marked with the note "Greek version supplement" (or "Συμπλήρωμα ελληνικής έκδοσης" as written in the Greek translation).


title: Great Soviet Encyclopedia

text: Finally, a supplementary book covering the 1980s was submitted in 1989. It contains translated and original Greek articles which, sometimes, do not exist in the 34-book set. The articles of the Greek version are being gradually made digital now; the digital books can be found on "vivlio2ebook" blog, which is dedicated on digital various books in Greek language.


title: Great Soviet Encyclopedia

text: Publication of the "Great Soviet Encyclopedia" was suspended in 1990 and halted in 1991, but in 2002 it was reinstituted by decree of Vladimir Putin. In 2003 and 2004 a team of editors overhauled the old encyclopedia by updating facts, removing most examples of overt political bias, and changing its name to the "Great Russian Encyclopedia". Many outdated articles are being entirely rewritten. In 2004 the first book of the newly overhauled "Great Russian Encyclopedia" was submitted. The complete version of 35 books was released by 2017.


title: Great Soviet Encyclopedia

text: Publication of the "Great Russian Encyclopedia" is overseen by the Russian Academy of Sciences, and funded by the Government of the Russian Federation. The encyclopedia is now found in libraries and schools throughout the CIS. Additionally, the 1980s versions remain in widespread use, particularly as references in scientific and mathematical research.


title: Mitre

text: A mitre is a tall hat worn by leaders in some Christian churches. In the Roman Catholic church, it is worn by bishops, archbishops or cardinals (higher order). The front and back are the shape of a triangle. It is only worn when the bishop is dressed in his special religious clothes, but is used on a coat of arms to show that the owner is a bishop.


title: Frederick II of Denmark

text: Frederick II (1 July 1534 – 4 April 1588), was the king of Denmark-Norway and duke of Schleswig from 1559 until his death. He was the son of King Christian III of Denmark and Norway and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg. He is often seen as the typical Renaissance ruler of Denmark. As a person Frederick was described as hot-headed, proud, brave, and ambitious. He loved hunting, wine and feasts. At his death lots of people thought that he had drunk himself to death.


title: Uvula

text: The uvula is the punchbag-shaped object on the back of a throat, in the middle of the soft palate. Massaging the uvula causes the gag reflex which makes someone vomit.


title: Frederick II of Denmark

text: He built Kronborg castle in Elsinore again between 1574 and 1585. In 1567 he began Fredrikstad in Norway. This was a time of wealth and growth in Danish history.


title: Uvula

text: The uvula functions with the back of the throat, the palate, and air coming up from the lungs to create a number variety of different sounds. Consonants involving sound from the uvula are not found in most dialects of English, though they are found in many Semitic, Caucasian, and Turkic languages, as well as several languages of Western Europe such as German, French and a few Celtic languages, where it is used to make a sound called the uvular trill.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Battle of the Coral Sea was a battle fought from May 4, 1942 to May 8, 1942. It was a major naval battle in the Pacific Ocean during World War II. The battle was between the Japanese Navy and Allied naval and air forces from the United States and Australia. The battle was the first battle between aircraft carriers. It was also the first naval battle in which the warships of neither side actually saw the warships of the other side. Instead, each side sent planes to attack the ships of the other side.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Japanese forces made a plan to invade and occupy Port Moresby in New Guinea and Tulagi in the Solomon Islands. When the U.S. discovered this plan, it sent two Navy aircraft carrier groups and a combined Australian–American cruiser force.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On 3–4 May, Japanese forces invaded and occupied Tulagi. The Japanese aircraft carriers entered the Coral Sea to try to destroy the Allied naval forces.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On 7 May, the carrier forces from the two sides sent planes to attack the ships of the other side. The first day, the U.S. sank the Japanese light carrier "Shōhō", while the Japanese sank a U.S. destroyer. The next day, the Japanese carrier "Shōkaku" was badly damaged, and the U.S. carriers "Lexington" and the "Yorktown" were damaged. Since both sides suffered heavy losses in aircraft and carriers, the two fleets stopped the battle.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Japanese sank more ships than the U.S. However, the battle was considered a victory for the Allies because the Japanese forces were not able to capture the locations they were hoping to occupy. As well, the Japanese carriers "Shōkaku" and "Zuikaku" were not able to fight in the Battle of Midway, which helped the U.S. to win there. Japan's losses of carriers meant that they could not invade Port Moresby. Two months later, the Allies launched the Guadalcanal Campaign.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On 7 December 1941, using aircraft carriers, the Japanese attacked the U.S. Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The attack destroyed most of the U.S. Pacific Fleet's battleships. It also started a state of war between the two nations. The Japanese wanted to destroy American navy ships, capture land with natural resources, and obtain military bases to defend their empire.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At the same time that they were attacking Pearl Harbor, the Japanese attacked Malaya. This caused the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand to join the United States as Allies in the war against Japan (Australia had joined World War 2 in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland). The goals of the Japanese battles in the war were to remove British and Americans from the Netherlands Indies and the Philippines.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: In the first few months of 1942, Japanese forces attacked and captured the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, the Netherlands East Indies, Wake Island, New Britain, the Gilbert Islands, and Guam. They also destroyed a lot of Allied land, naval, and air forces. Japan planned to use these lands to defend its empire.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Shortly after the war began, Japan's Naval General Staff wanted to invade Northern Australia. The goal was to prevent Australia from being used as a base to threaten Japan's defenses in the South Pacific.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) said it did not have the forces or ships to invade Australia. Vice Admiral Shigeyoshi Inoue, commander of the IJN's 4th Fleet (also called the South Seas Force) had the idea of capturing Tulagi in the southeastern Solomon Islands and Port Moresby in New Guinea.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: This would put northern Australia within range of Japanese land-based aircraft. Japan decided to capture New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa. This would make it hard for the United States to supply Australia.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: In April 1942, the army and navy developed a plan called Operation "MO". The plan was to invade Port Moresby by 10 May. The plan also included capturing Tulagi on 2–3 May. This would give the navy a base for attacks against Allied territories and forces in the South Pacific.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: When "MO" was done, the navy planned to do Operation "RY". This was a plan to capture Nauru and Ocean Island for their phosphate deposits on 15 May.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Further attacks against Fiji, Samoa and New Caledonia were planned. There was a damaging air attack by Allied aircraft on Japanese naval forces invading the Lae-Salamaua area in New Guinea in March. Inoue requested carriers to provide airplanes. Inoue was worried about Allied bombers at air bases in Townsville and Cooktown, Australia.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, commander of Japan's Combined Fleet, was planning an attack for June. He wanted to try to destroy the U.S. Navy's carriers. None were damaged in the Pearl Harbor attack.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Unknown to the Japanese, the U.S. Navy had decoded Japanese secret codes. By March 1942, the U.S. was able to figure out up to 15% of the IJN's code. By the end of April the Americans were reading up to 85% of the messages in code.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: In March 1942, the U.S. first noticed the "MO" operation in messages. On 13 April, the British decoded an IJN message telling Inoue that the Fifth Carrier Division, consisting of the fleet carriers and , was being sent. The British sent the message to the Americans. They also said that Port Moresby would probably be attacked in the "MO" plan.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Admiral Chester Nimitz, the new commander of Allied forces in the Pacific, and his staff thought the Japanese were planning an attack in early May on Port Moresby. The Allies saw Port Moresby as an important base for attacking the Japanese. Nimitz's staff also thought that the Japanese might attack Allied bases in Samoa and at Suva.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Nimitz sent all four of the Pacific fleet's aircraft carriers to the Coral Sea. By 27 April, Japanese messages helped the allies to know most targets of the "MO" and "RY" plans.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On 29 April, Nimitz sent his four carriers and their supporting warships towards the Coral Sea. Task Force 17 consisted of the carrier , three cruisers and four destroyers. It was supported by two oilers and two destroyers.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Task Force 11 consisted of the carrier with two cruisers. TF 16 included the carriers and the USS Hornet, but they were too far away.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Nimitz put Fletcher in command of Allied naval forces in the South Pacific area until Halsey arrived Halsey was told to command all three task forces once TF 16 arrived in the Coral Sea area (Lundstrom, "Pearl Harbor to Midway", p. 167).


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Japanese thought that all but one of the U.S. Navy's carriers were in the central Pacific. The Japanese did not know the location of the other carrier, but they did not expect an American carrier response to "MO" until the attacks had begun.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: During late April, the Japanese submarines and searched the area where landings were planned. The submarines explored Rossel Island and the Deboyne Group area and the route to Port Moresby. They did not see any Allied ships and returned to Rabaul on 23 and 24 April.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Japanese Port Moresby Invasion Force, commanded by Rear Admiral Kōsō Abe, included 11 transport ships carrying about 5,000 soldiers from the IJA's South Seas Detachment plus 500 more troops.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: This included one light cruiser and six destroyers under the command of Rear Admiral Sadamichi Kajioka. Abe's ships departed Rabaul for the trip to Port Moresby on 4 May and were joined by Kajioka's force the next day. The ships, planned to arrive at Port Moresby by 10 May.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Allied forces at Port Moresby had 5,333 men, but only half of these were infantry and all had poor equipment and little training.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Leading the invasion of Tulagi was the Tulagi Invasion Force. It was commanded by Rear Admiral Kiyohide Shima. It consisted of two minelayers, two destroyers, six minesweepers, two subchasers, and a transport ship carrying about 400 troops. Supporting the Tulagi force was the light carrier , four heavy cruisers, and one destroyer, commanded by Rear Admiral Aritomo Gotō.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: There was a separate force commanded by Rear Admiral Kuninori Marumo. It consisted of two light cruisers, the seaplane tender , and three gunboats. Inoue directed "MO" from the cruiser . He arrived on 4 May.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Gotō's force left Truk on 28 April and stayed near New Georgia Island. Marumo's support group left New Ireland to establish a seaplane base on 2 May to support the Tulagi attack. Shima's invasion force left Rabaul on 30 April.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Carrier Strike Force with carriers "Zuikaku" and "Shōkaku", two heavy cruisers, and six destroyers left from Truk on 1 May. The strike force was commanded by Vice Admiral Takeo Takagi (flag on cruiser ). Rear Admiral Chūichi Hara, on "Zuikaku", commanded the carrier air forces.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Carrier Strike Force was to enter the Coral Sea south of Guadalcanal. Once in the Coral Sea, the carriers were to provide airplanes for the invasion forces, destroy Allied airplanes at Port Moresby, and destroy any Allied naval forces in the Coral Sea.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Takagi's carriers were to deliver nine Zero fighter aircraft to Rabaul. Bad weather during two attempts to make the delivery made the aircraft to return to the carriers. One of the Zeros crashed in the ocean.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: To find out if any Allied naval forces were coming, the Japanese sent submarines to wait southwest of Guadalcanal. Fletcher's forces got into the Coral Sea area before the submarines arrived and the Japanese did not see them. Another sub was sent to explore around Nouméa. It was attacked by "Yorktown" aircraft on 2 May.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On the morning of 1 May, Fletcher sent TF11 to refuel. TF 17 completed refueling the next day. Fletcher took TF 17 northwest towards the Louisiades and ordered TF 11 to meet TF 44 on 4 May. TF 44 was a joint Australia–U.S. warship force under MacArthur's command. It was led by Australian Rear Admiral John Crace. It was made up of the cruisers , , and .


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Early on 3 May, Shima's force arrived off Tulagi and the naval troops began to occupy the island. Tulagi was undefended. The small guard of Australian commandos and a Royal Australian Air Force group left before Shima's arrival. The Japanese forces built a seaplane and communications base.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 17:00 on 3 May, Fletcher was told that the Japanese Tulagi invasion force had been seen. TF 17 went towards Guadalcanal to launch air attacks against the Japanese forces at Tulagi.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On 4 May, from a position south of Guadalcanal (), 60 aircraft from TF 17 launched three attacks against Shima's forces off Tulagi. "Yorktown"s aircraft sank the destroyer "Kikuzuki" () and three of the minesweepers, damaged four other ships, and destroyed four seaplanes. The Americans lost one dive bomber and two fighters. Even though the Japanese forces were harmed by the carrier strikes, they kept building the seaplane base. They began flying from Tulagi by 6 May.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Takagi's Carrier Striking Force was north of Tulagi when it learned of Fletcher's strike on 4 May. Takagi sent planes to search for the American carriers, but the planes found nothing.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 08:16 on 5 May, TF 17 met up with TF 11 and TF 44 south of Guadalcanal. At the same time, four F4F Wildcat fighter aircraft from "Yorktown" shot down a Kawanishi Type 97 aircraft from the Yokohama Air Group.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: A message from Pearl Harbor told Fletcher that Japanese planned to land their troops at Port Moresby on 10 May and their carriers would be close to the invasion group. Fletcher planned to take his forces north towards the Louisiades.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On 6 May, Fletcher joined TF 11 and TF 44 into TF 17. He thought the Japanese carriers were still well to the north. American planes did not find the Japanese naval forces, because they were located beyond the planes' range.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 10:00, a Kawanishi flying boat from Tulagi saw TF 17 and sent a message to its headquarters. Takagi received the report at 10:50. At that time, Takagi's force was about north of Fletcher. Takagi's ships were still refueling, so he was not yet ready to battle. Takagi sent his two carriers with two destroyers under Hara's command to head towards TF 17 at so that they could attack the next day.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: American B-17 bombers based in Australia attacked the Port Moresby invasion forces, including Gotō's warships, several times on 6 May without success. MacArthur's headquarters told Fletcher about the locations of the Japanese invasion forces. MacArthur's planes saw a carrier ("Shōhō") about northwest of TF17.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 18:00, TF 17 completed fueling and Fletcher sent "Neosho" with a destroyer, , to wait further south. TF 17 then turned to head northwest towards Rossel Island. At 20:00 (), Hara met Takagi who completed refueling.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Late on 6 May or early on 7 May, "Kamikawa Maru" set up a seaplane base in the Deboyne Islands to help the invasion forces as they approached Port Moresby. The rest of Marumo's Cover Force waited near the D'Entrecasteaux Islands.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 06:25 on 7 May, TF 17 was south of Rossel Island (). At this time, Fletcher sent Crace's cruiser and destroyer force out. When Crace's warships left, this reduced the anti-aircraft defenses for Fletcher's carriers. Fletcher wanted to make sure the Japanese invasion forces could not sneak through to Port Moresby while he was fighting with the Japanese carriers.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Fletcher thought Takagi's carrier force was north of his location. Fletcher told "Yorktown" to send 10 SBD dive bombers to search that area. Takagi launched 12 Type 97 carrier bombers at 06:00 to search for TF 17. Hara thought that Fletcher's ships were to the south. Gotō's cruisers and launched four Kawanishi E7K2 Type 94 floatplanes to search for the Americans. Each side got its carrier attack aircraft ready to launch once the enemy was located.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 07:22 one of Takagi's carrier planes, from "Shōkaku" located American ships. At 07:45, the Japanese pilot located "one carrier, one cruiser, and three destroyers". Hara thought that he had found the American carriers. Hara launched all of his available aircraft. A total of 78 aircraft—18 Zero fighters, 36 Type 99 dive bombers, and 24 torpedo aircraft—began flying from "Shōkaku" and "Zuikaku" at 08:00.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 08:20, one aircraft found Fletcher's carriers. Takagi and Hara continued with the attack on the ships to their south. They also turned their carriers towards the northwest to get closer to the Americans. Takagi and Hara thought that the U.S. carrier forces might be operating in two groups.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 08:15, a "Yorktown" plane saw Gotō's force. He reported two carriers and four heavy cruisers" at , northwest of TF17. Fletcher thought he had found the Japanese main carrier force. He ordered all available carrier aircraft to attack. By 10:13, the American force of 93 aircraft – 18 F4F Wildcats, 53 SBD dive bombers, and 22 TBD Devastator torpedo bombers were flying. At 10:12, however, Fletcher received a report from three United States Army B-17s of an aircraft carrier, ten transports, and 16 warships.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Believing that this was the main Japanese carrier force, Fletcher directed the airplanes towards this target.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 09:15, Takagi's force sighted "Neosho" and "Sims". Takagi now realized the American carriers were between him and the invasion forces. Takagi ordered his aircraft to attack "Neosho" and "Sims". At 11:15, the 36 dive bombers attacked the two American ships.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Four dive bombers attacked "Sims" and the rest attacked "Neosho". The destroyer was hit by three bombs, broke in half, and sank, killing all but 14 of her 192-man crew. "Neosho" was hit by seven bombs. Heavily damaged and without power, "Neosho" was sinking. "Neosho" told Fletcher by radio that she was under attack.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The American aircraft sighted "Shōhō" at 10:40 and attacked. The Japanese carrier was protected by six Zeros and two Type 96 'Claude' fighters flying combat air patrol (CAP). Gotō's cruisers surrounded the carrier.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Attacking first, "Lexington"s air group hit "Shōhō" with two bombs and five torpedoes, causing severe damage. At 11:00, "Yorktown"s air group attacked the burning carrier with 11 more bombs and two torpedoes. Torn apart, "Shōhō" sank at 11:35 (). Gotō sent his warships to the north, but sent the destroyer to rescue survivors. Only 203 of the carrier's 834-man crew were rescued. Three American aircraft were lost in the attack. All of "Shōhō"s aircraft were lost. At 12:10, a pilot told TF 17 that the attack was successful.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The American aircraft returned and landed on their carriers by 13:38. By 14:20, the aircraft ready to launch against the Port Moresby Invasion Force or Gotō's cruisers. Fletcher was worried that he did not know where the other Japanese fleet carriers were. Allied forces thought that up to four Japanese carriers might be nearby. Fletcher turned TF17 southwest.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: When Inoue was told that "Shōhō" had been sunk, he ordered the invasion convoy to pull back to the north. He ordered Takagi to destroy the American carrier forces. As the invasion convoy pulled back, it was bombed by eight U.S. Army B-17s, but was not damaged. Gotō and Kajioka were told to place their ships south of Rossel Island for a night battle if the American ships got close enough.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 12:40, a seaplane saw Crace's force. At 13:15, an aircraft from Rabaul saw Crace's force. Takagi turned his carriers west at 13:30 and told Inoue at 15:00 that the US carriers were too far away to attack them that day.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Inoue's men sent attack aircraft from Rabaul towards Crace. The first group included 12 torpedo-armed Type 1 bombers and the second group was 19 Mitsubishi Type 96 aircraft armed with bombs. Both groups found and attacked Crace's ships at 14:30. Crace's ships were undamaged and shot down four Type 1s. A short time later, three U.S. Army B-17s bombed Crace by accident, but caused no damage.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Crace radioed Fletcher that he could not complete his mission without airplanes. Crace moved southward. Crace's ships were low on fuel.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Takagi's staff thought that the Allied ships would be close enough to attack before nightfall. Takagi and Hara decided to attack with aircraft, even though they would have to return after dark.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: To try to confirm the location of the American carriers, at 15:15 Hara eight torpedo bombers to look westward. The dive bombers returned from their attack on "Neosho" and landed. At 16:15 Hara launched 12 dive bombers and 15 torpedo planes with orders to try to find the American ships.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 17:47, TF 17 detected the Japanese forces on radar heading in their direction. The Americans sent 11 CAP Wildcats to attack the Japanese planes. The Wildcats shot down seven torpedo bombers and one dive bomber, and heavily damaged another torpedo bomber. Three Wildcats were lost.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Japanese leaders canceled the mission and returned to their carriers. The sun set at 18:30. Several of the Japanese dive bombers found the American carriers in the darkness and tried to land on them. Anti-aircraft fire from TF 17's destroyers sent them away. By 20:00, TF 17 and Takagi were about apart. Takagi turned on his ships' searchlights to help the 18 surviving aircraft get back.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 15:18 and 17:18 "Neosho" radioed TF 17 that she was sinking. Fletcher knew his only nearby fuel supply was gone.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: As nightfall ended aircraft flights for the day, Fletcher ordered TF 17 to head west. Crace also turned west. Inoue told Takagi to destroy the U.S. carriers the next day. He delayed the Port Moresby landings to 12 May. Takagi took his carriers north during the night to protect the invasion convoy. Gotō and Kajioka were unable to attack the Allied warships at night.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Both sides spent the night preparing their aircraft for the battle. In 1972, U.S. Vice Admiral H. S. Duckworth said Coral Sea was the most confused battle area in world history." Hara said he was so frustrated with the "poor luck" the Japanese had on 7 May that he felt like quitting the navy.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 06:15 on 8 May, Hara launched seven torpedo bombers to search the area south from the Japanese carriers. Three Kawanishi Type 97s from Tulagi and four Type 1 bombers from Rabaul also helped in the search. At 07:00, the carrier force turned to the southwest and was joined by two of Gotō's cruisers, and . The invasion convoy, Gotō, and Kajioka moved east of Woodlark Island.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 06:35, TF 17 launched 18 SBDs to search for Japanese ships. The skies over the American carriers were mostly clear.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 08:20, a "Lexington" SBD spotted the Japanese carriers and told TF 17. Two minutes later, a "Shōkaku" plane saw TF 17 and told Hara. The two forces were about away from each other. Both sides got ready to launch their aircraft.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 09:15, the Japanese carriers launched 18 fighters, 33 dive bombers, and 18 torpedo planes. The American carriers each launched a separate attack. "Yorktown"s group consisted of six fighters, 24 dive bombers, and nine torpedo planes. "Lexington"s group was made up of nine fighters, 15 dive bombers, and 12 torpedo planes. Both the American and Japanese carrier forces turned to head directly for each other.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: "Yorktown"s dive bombers reached the Japanese carriers at 10:32. At this time, "Shōkaku" and "Zuikaku" were about apart, with "Zuikaku" hidden under clouds. The two carriers were protected by 16 CAP Zero fighters. The "Yorktown" dive bombers attacked at 10:57 on "Shōkaku" and hit the carrier with two bombs, causing heavy damage to the carrier's flight and hangar decks. The "Yorktown" torpedo planes missed with all of their torpedoes. Two U.S. dive bombers and two CAP Zeros were shot down during the attack.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: "Lexington"s aircraft arrived and attacked at 11:30. Two dive bombers attacked "Shōkaku", hitting the carrier with one bomb, causing further damage. Two other dive bombers attacked "Zuikaku", missing with their bombs. The rest of "Lexington"s dive bombers were unable to find the Japanese carriers in the heavy clouds. "Lexington"s TBDs missed "Shōkaku" with all 11 of their torpedoes. The 13 CAP Zeros on patrol shot down three Wildcats.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: With her flight deck heavily damaged and 223 of her crew killed or wounded, "Shōkaku" was unable to launch any more planes. At 12:10, "Shōkaku" and two destroyers pulled back to the northeast.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At 10:55, "Lexington"s radar detected the Japanese aircraft and sent nine Wildcats to attack the planes. Six of the Wildcats were too low, and they missed the Japanese aircraft as they passed by overhead. Because of the heavy losses in aircraft the night before, the Japanese could not do a full torpedo attack on both carriers. The Japanese sent 14 torpedo planes to attack "Lexington" and four to attack "Yorktown". A Wildcat shot down one and 8 "Yorktown" SBDs destroyed three. Four SBDs were shot down by Zeros escorting the torpedo planes.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Japanese attack began at 11:13 as the carriers, stationed apart, fired with anti-aircraft guns. The four torpedo planes which attacked "Yorktown" all missed. The remaining torpedo planes hit "Lexington" with two Type 91 torpedoes. The first torpedo broke the aviation gasoline tanks. The second torpedo caused several of the boilers to stop working. Four of the Japanese torpedo planes were shot down by anti-aircraft fire.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The 33 Japanese dive bombers attacked after the torpedo attacks. The 19 "Shōkaku" dive bombers attacked "Lexington" while the remaining 14, attacked "Yorktown". Zeros protected the dive bombers from four "Lexington" CAP Wildcats. Takahashi's bombers damaged "Lexington" with two bomb hits, causing fires which were put out by 12:33. At 11:27, "Yorktown" was hit in the center of her flight deck by a single , semi-armor-piercing bomb which penetrated four decks before exploding, causing severe damage and killing or seriously wounding 66 men. Up to 12 near misses damaged "Yorktown"s hull below the waterline. Two of the dive bombers were shot down by a CAP Wildcat during the attack.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: As the Japanese aircraft completed their attacks and began to fly back, they were attacked by US planes.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The planes, with many damaged aircraft, landed on their carriers between 12:50 and 14:30. "Yorktown" and "Lexington" were both able to land planes. Forty-six of the original 69 aircraft from the Japanese force returned. Three more Zeros, four dive bombers, and five torpedo planes were damaged beyond repair and were pushed into the ocean.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: As TF 17 got its aircraft back, Fletcher thought about the situation. Fletcher knew both his carriers were hurt and that he had lost a lot of fighters. Fuel was also a problem due to the loss of "Neosho". At 14:22, Fitch told Fletcher that there were two undamaged Japanese carriers. Fletcher pulled TF17 out from the battle. Fletcher radioed MacArthur the position of the Japanese carriers and suggested that he attack them with bombers.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Around 14:30, Hara informed Takagi that only 24 Zeros, eight dive bombers, and four torpedo planes from the carriers were working. Takagi was worried about his ships' fuel levels; his cruisers were at 50% and some of his destroyers were as low as 20%. At 15:00 Takagi said he had sunk two American carriers – "Yorktown" and a "-class". Inoue called the invasion convoy to Rabaul, postponed "MO" to 3 July, and ordered his forces to gather northeast of the Solomons to begin the "RY" operation.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Aboard "Lexington", an explosion killed 25 men and started a large fire. Around 14:42, another large explosion occurred, starting a second fire. A third explosion occurred at 15:25. "Lexington"s crew began abandoning ship at 17:07. After the carrier's survivors were rescued, including Fitch and the carrier's captain, Frederick C. Sherman, at 19:15 the destroyer fired five torpedoes into the burning ship, which sank in 2,400 fathoms at 19:52 ().


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Two hundred and sixteen of the carrier's 2,951-man crew sunk with the ship, along with 36 aircraft. "Phelps" and the other warships left to rejoin "Yorktown", which departed at 16:01, and TF17 moved to the southwest. Later that evening, MacArthur informed Fletcher that eight of his B-17s had attacked the invasion convoy and that it was moving to the northwest.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: That evening, Crace sent "Hobart", which was low on fuel, and the destroyer , which was having engine trouble, to Townsville. Crace remained on patrol in the Coral Sea in case the Japanese invasion force tried to go towards Port Moresby.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The battle was the first naval battle in history in which the ships never saw or fired directly at each other. Instead, aircraft were used to attack each other.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: This was a carrier-versus-carrier battle. Neither commander had experience with this. The commanders had poor communications. This was hard, because the battle took place over a large area. The planes flew so fast that it meant there was not much time to make decisions.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Japanese had problems because Inoue was too far away at Rabaul to direct his naval forces. Fletcher was on a carrier, so it was easier for him to direct his forces. The Japanese admirals did not share information quickly.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The experienced Japanese carrier aircrews did better than those of the U.S. The Japanese aircrews did more damage with the same number of aircraft. The Japanese attack on the American carriers on 8 May was better organized than the U.S. attack on the Japanese carriers.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Japanese had much higher losses to their carrier aircrews. They lost ninety aircrew killed in the battle compared with thirty-five for the Americans. Japan's highly skilled carrier aircrews could not be replaced because the training programs could not produce enough new aircrew. There were not training programs to produce skilled pilots. Coral Sea was the start of Japan losing its experienced aircrews.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Americans did learn from their mistakes in the battle. They made improvements to their carrier fighting approach. The Americans improved their anti-aircraft defences. Radar gave the Americans an advantage in this battle.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Following the loss of "Lexington", improved methods for carrying airplane fuel and better ways of dealing with damage were developed by the Americans. Coordination between the Allied land-based air forces and the U.S. Navy was poor during this battle.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Japanese and U.S. carriers would fight again in the battles of Midway, the Eastern Solomons, and the Santa Cruz Islands in 1942, and the Philippine Sea in 1944. Each of these battles had an impact on what would happen in the Pacific War.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Both sides claimed victory after the battle. In terms of ships lost, the Japanese won a victory by sinking an American fleet carrier, an oiler, and a destroyer – . The Americans sunk a light carrier, a destroyer, and several smaller warships – . "Lexington" was one quarter of U.S. carrier strength in the Pacific. The Japanese public was told it was a victory.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Allies won because the sea invasion of Port Moresby was stopped. This meant that supply lines between the U.S. and Australia were protected. Although pulling "Yorktown" away from the Coral Sea was like giving the sea area to the Japanese, the Japanese stopped their invasion plans.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The battle was the first time that a Japanese invasion force was stopped. This improved the morale of the Allies. The Allies had been defeated by the Japanese during the first six months of the Pacific War.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Port Moresby was important to the Allies. The US Navy said that the damage it did to the Japanese was greater than what it really did.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The battle affected the planning of both sides. Without in New Guinea, the Allied advance would have been more difficult. For the Japanese, the battle was seen as a problem. The battle showed the Japanese that American were not that good in battle. The Japanese thought that future carrier attacks against the U.S. would be successful.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Yamamoto wanted to use these carriers to battle American carriers at Midway ("Shōhō" was supposed to support the Japanese invasion ground forces). The Japanese thought that they sank two carriers in the Coral Sea, but this still left at least two more U.S. Navy carriers, "Enterprise" and "Hornet", which could fight at Midway.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: American carriers had more planes than Japanese carriers. The US also had land-based aircraft at Midway. This meant that the Japanese did not have more planes at Midway. The Americans would have three carriers at Midway, because "Yorktown" could still sail, even with the damage from Coral Sea. The U.S. Navy was able to repair Yorktown at Pearl Harbor between 27 and 30 May so that she could fight in the battle.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: At Midway, 's aircraft were important in sinking two Japanese carriers. "Yorktown" also took a lot of the Japanese air attacks at Midway which would have been directed at the other American carriers.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Americans worked hard to get the maximum number of forces for Midway. The Japanese did not try to include "Zuikaku" in the operation. The Japanese did not try to put the "Shōkaku" aircrews with "Zuikaku"s air groups or provide "Zuikaku" with new aircraft. "Shōkaku" had a damaged flight deck which required three months of repair in Japan.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Historians H. P. Willmott, Jonathan Parshall, and Anthony Tully think Yamamoto made an error in deciding support the "MO". Since Yamamoto thought the big battle with the Americans would be at Midway, he should not have sent fleet carriers to less important battle like "MO". Japanese naval forces were weakened at both the Coral Sea and Midway battles, which allowed the Allies to defeat them.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Yamamoto did not notice another thing about the Coral Sea battle. The Americans put their carriers the right place and time to fight the Japanese. U.S. Navy carrier aircrews showed skill and tried to do major damage to the Japanese carrier forces. Japan lost four fleet carriers at Midway, which made Japan start to lose the Pacific War.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Australians and U.S. forces in Australia were disappointed with the Battle of the Coral Sea. They thought that the "MO" operation was going to lead to an invasion of the Australian mainland. In a meeting held in late May, the Australian Advisory War Council said the battle was disappointing since the Allies knew about the Japanese plans.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: General MacArthur told Australian Prime Minister John Curtin that Japanese forces could attack anywhere if supported by the IJN.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: Because of the losses in carriers at Midway, the Japanese were unable to invade Port Moresby from the sea. Japan tried to capture Port Moresby by land. Japan began its attack towards Port Moresby along the Kokoda Track on 21 July from Buna and Gona.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: By then, the Allies sent more troops to New Guinea. The added forces slowed and stopped the Japanese advance towards Port Moresby in September 1942. They also stopped the Japanese from capturing an Allied base at Milne Bay.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The Allies tried their to use their victories at Coral Sea and Midway to try to win the war against Japan. The Allies chose Tulagi and Guadalcanal as their first attacks.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The failure of the Japanese to take Port Moresby, and their defeat at Midway, meant Tulagi was not protected by other Japanese bases. Tulagi was four hours flying time from Rabaul, the nearest large Japanese base.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: On 7 August 1942, 11,000 U.S. Marines landed on Guadalcanal and 3,000 U.S. Marines landed on Tulagi and nearby islands. The Japanese troops on Tulagi and nearby islands killed in the Battle of Tulagi and Gavutu-Tanambogo. The U.S. Marines on Guadalcanal captured an airfield under construction by the Japanese.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: This started the Guadalcanal and Solomon Islands Campaigns. These resulted in a number of battles between Allied and Japanese forces over the next year. Along with the New Guinea campaign, this destroyed Japanese defences, caused huge losses for the Japanese military—especially the Navy. This helped the Allies to win the war against Japan.


title: Battle of the Coral Sea

text: The delay in the advance of Japanese forces also allowed the United States Marine Corps to land on Funafuti on October 2, 1942. The US built airfields from which USAAF B-24 "Liberator" bombers could fly. The atolls of Tuvalu were places the Allies could use to get ready for the Battle of Tarawa and the Battle of Makin that started on 20 November 1943.


title: Avianca

text: Avianca is the national and largest airline of Colombia. It is the second oldest airline in the world. It began flying in 1919. Avianca has grown to become one of the largest airlines in the Americas. It flies to 121 cities with over 140 airplanes. In 2009, TACA Airlines and Avianca were combined to create a single airline.


title: Dangerously in Love

text: Dangerously in Love is the debut studio album by American recording artist Beyoncé, released on June 20, 2003 by Columbia Records. During the recording of Destiny's Child's third studio album, "Survivor" (2001), the group announced that they would produce solo albums to be released. Recording sessions for the album took place from March 2002 to March 2003 at several studios, whilst Destiny's Child were on a break.


title: M*A*S*H (movie)

text: M*A*S*H is a 1970 American black comedy war movie directed by Robert Altman and written by Ring Lardner Jr.. It is based on Richard Hooker's 1968 novel "". The movie's score was composed by Johnny Mandel.


title: Giovanni Falcone

text: Giovanni Salvatore Augusto Falcone (Palermo, 18th May 1919 – Palermo, May 23rd 1919) , known as Giovanni Falcone, was an Italian magistrate that fought against the Italian Mafia with his colleague Paolo Borsellino. They both spent their early years in the same neighbourhood in Palermo. Many of their childhood friends grew up in the Mafia background, both men fought on the other side of the war against crime in Sicily as prosecuting magistrates. They were both killed in 1992, a few months apart. He was killed by Cosa Nostra in the Strage di Capaci (Massacre of Capaci) .In recognition of their tireless effort and sacrifice during the anti-mafia trials, they were both awarded the Italian "Medaglia d'oro al valor civile" (Gold medal for civil valour). They were also named as heroes of the last 60 years in the 13 November 2006 issue of "Time Magazine".


title: M*A*S*H (movie)

text: The movie is about a unit of medical personnel stationed at a Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH) during the Korean War. It stars Donald Sutherland, Tom Skerritt, and Elliott Gould, with Sally Kellerman, Robert Duvall, René Auberjonois, Gary Burghoff, Roger Bowen, Michael Murphy, and Fred Williamson.