text: It is believed the church had about 10,000 members in 2009. These live in the sister cities of Hildale, Utah and Colorado City, Arizona; as well as Eldorado, Texas; Westcliffe, Colorado; Mancos, Colorado; Creston and Bountiful, British Columbia; and Pringle, South Dakota.


title: Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

text: The church has been in the news because its leader, Warren Steed Jeffs was arrested in southern Nevada in August 2006. Jeffs was arrested because he was accused of rape and molestation. At the time, Jeffs was on the FBI's Ten Most-Wanted list.


text: Beginning April 4, 2008, over a four-day period, troopers and child welfare officials searched the church's ranch. They took 416 children into the temporary custody of the State of Texas. Originally officials from the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services took 18 girls into temporary custody of the state. They acted because of a phone call from the ranch- it looks like a 16-year-old girl called the police to report she had been raped. She also said she had been married at age 15 to a 49-year-old man, Dale Evans Barlow. On the following day, Judge Barbara Walther of the 51st District Court issued an order authorizing officials to remove all children, including boys, 17 years old and under out of the compound. The children were being held by the Child Protective Services 45 miles away, north of the ranch. 133 women also voluntarily left the ranch with the children. The 16-year-old girl who alerted the authorities could not be located at the time of the raid. It looks like the call was made by a woman in her thirties, who gave a false identity. This woman is known by local police, as she has done similar things before. The woman was arrested for making the call (that triggered the raid) in April.


title: Chicano

text: A Chicano is a person who has a mixed ancestry and/or citizenship of the United States and usually Mexico. Often, Chicano and Mexican-American are used to mean the same thing. People from Central or South America and United States could also be called Chicano. Chicana is the female version of Chicano. Chicanos often speak in Spanglish.


title: Chicano

text: Chicanos have made contributions to many fields, spanning arts, culture, sports, technology, and politics.


title: Principle of double effect

text: The principle of double effect or doctrine of double effect is an idea in philosophy. It says that it can be morally good to do something that has a bad effect so long as it also has a larger good effect. Here, "double effect" means "second effect" or "side effect." In plain English, the principle of double effect means, "It is acceptable for actions to have bad side effects so long as the good effect is much larger."


title: Principle of double effect

text: Historians think Thomas Aquinas was the first person to write about the principle of double effect but they are not sure. Thomas Aquinas lived in the 1200s. He wrote about killing in self-defense. Philosophers from before Thomas Aquinas, for example Augustine of Hippo, said it was never acceptable to kill another person, not even in self-defense. Thomas Aquinas said it was so long as the person did not kill their attacker on purpose and so long as the person does not fight harder than they need to. Here, the first effect is saving one's own life. The double effect (side effect) is killing the attacker. He wrote this in "Summa Theologica".


title: Principle of double effect

text: In the principle of double effect, it is okay to "foresee" a bad effect but not to "intend" it. This means a person who knows their action will cause something bad might still be acting within the principle of double effect, but a person who wants the bad effect definitely is not.


title: Principle of double effect

text: The principle of double effect is part of Roman Catholic philosophy. Medical doctors can also use it when deciding how to treat patients, especially patients who are in pain and want to die.


title: Principle of double effect

text: The principle of double effect is not the same as "the ends justify the means." In the principle of double effect, the goal is to make something good happen, and something bad happens too. The good and bad thing both come from the same action. In the ends justify the means, the person does something bad to make a good thing happen. The good thing comes from the bad action.


title: Principle of double effect

text: Some philosophers say that foreseeing a bad effect (knowing it will happen) and intending a bad effect (wanting and meaning it to happen) are not different enough for the principle of double effect to be real. Philosophers have used the trolley problem to study the principle of double effect.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: The 2023 UEFA Champions League Final will be the final match of the 2022–23 UEFA Champions League. It will be played at the Atatürk Olympic Stadium in Istanbul, Turkey on 10 June 2023.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: The final was originally scheduled to be played at Wembley Stadium in London, England. However, the Allianz Arena in Munich was assigned the 2023 final. This is due to the postponement and relocation of the 2020 final because of the COVID-19 pandemic, When the 2021 final, which had been scheduled at Istanbul, also had to be relocated due to COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey, the 2023 final was given to Istanbul instead. Munich will now host the 2025 final.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: The winners will earn the right to play against the winners of the 2022–23 UEFA Europa League in the 2023 UEFA Super Cup.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: This will be the second UEFA Champions League final played at the Atatürk Olympic Stadium; the first was held in 2005.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: An open bidding process was launched on 22 February 2019 by UEFA to select the 2022 and 2023 UEFA Champions League final venues. Associations had until 22 March 2019 to express interest, and bid information had to be submitted by 1 July 2019.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: While the bidding associations have not been confirmed by UEFA, the German Football Association was reported to have bid with the Allianz Arena in Munich, should they not be awarded the 2021 final.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: The Allianz Arena was selected by the UEFA Executive Committee during their meeting in Ljubljana, Slovenia on 24 September 2019. The hosts for the 2021 and 2023 UEFA Champions League finals were also appointed at here.


title: 2023 UEFA Champions League Final

text: The "home" team (for administrative purposes) will be determined by an additional draw held after the quarter-final and semi-final draws.


title: Aziz Mian

text: Aziz Mian Qawwal () (April 17, 1942 – December 6, 2000) was a Pakistani singer, most famous for his performing of Qawwalis. Aziz Mian was born as Abdul Aziz () in Delhi, British India. The exclamation "Mian", which he often used in his qawwalis, became part of his stage name. He began to introduce himself as Aziz Mian Mairthi. The word "Mairthi" refers to Meerut, a city in northern India, from which he migrated to Pakistan in 1947.


title: Obstacle course

text: An obstacle course is a series of obstacles a person, vehicle or team must navigate. This is usually while being timed. Obstacle courses can include running, climbing, jumping, crawling, swimming, and balanceing with the aim of testing speed and endurance. Sometimes a course involves mental tests. In an off-road obstacle course, the driver is presented with a variety of different terrain to get over, around or through.


title: Aziz Mian

text: At the age of ten, he began learning the art of Qawwali under the tutelage of Ustad Abdul Wahid Khan. He received sixteen years of training at the Data Ganj Baksh School of Lahore, and obtained a degree in Urdu literature from the University of Punjab, Lahore.


title: Obstacle course

text: The military/Army obstacle course is used (mostly in recruit training). The purpose is to familiarize recruits with the kind of military tactics they will use in combat. It is also for physical fitness, building teamwork, and evaluating problem solving skills. Typical courses involve obstacles the participants must climb over, crawl under, balance, hang, jump, etc. Puddles of muddy water, ropes, nets, and "no touch" restrictions are often used to make the course more difficult.


title: Obstacle course

text: Off-road obstacle courses may be set up with a variety of different challenging situations. More common obstacles are hills, rockcrawling gates, log crawls, and mud pits. Some include underground tunnels, balance beams and water slides. Others are for the purposes of teaching high-speed driving on unimproved roads. Features include different kinds of turns, changes in elevation, navigating high speed straightaways and maneuvering vehicles through tight S-turns (so called because from above they resemble a letter "s").


title: Papal supremacy

text: In the Roman Catholic Church, the pope is seen as the highest clergy and as the head of the church. In short, anything the pope says in his function of head of the church is valid for the whole church. The pope has full, supreme, and universal power over the whole Church, a power which he can always exercise unhindered: that, in brief, "the Pope enjoys, by divine institution, supreme, full, immediate, and universal power in the care of souls." This means that the situation of the pope is similar to that of an absolute monarch or the leader of a Fascist state.


title: Mildred J. Hill

text: Mildred Jane Hill (June 27, 1859 – June 5, 1916) was an American songwriter and musicologist. She was known for composing "Good Morning to All", later used as the melody for "Happy Birthday to You". Born in Louisville, Kentucky, she died in Chicago at the age of 56.


title: Group Sounds

text: Group Sounds (グループ・サウンズ, "Gurūpu saunzu") or GS is a group of people who perform and sing, centered on electric instruments such as electric guitars and electric basses. It is said that it was influenced by rock groups such as The Ventures, The Beatles, and The Rolling Stones in Europe and the United States, and it became popular in Japan from 1960 to 1971.


title: Group Sounds

text: Generally speaking, "Group Sounds" refers to rock groups that were active mainly in jazz and go-go cafes in the late 1960s. This genre has some common because many groups have organized lead vocals, electric guitars, electric bass, & drums.


title: Group Sounds

text: Exceptionally, there was a group of vocalists such as the early The Happenings Four, a guitarless GS, and the early Sharp Hawks, a chorus GS with a professional electric band in the background. In May 1965, while the popularity of British rock bands such as The Beatles spread to Japan, Shōchi Tanabe and The Spiders released "Furi Furi", which is considered to be the first Group Sounds record. In March 1966, Jackey Yoshikawa & His Blue Comets announced their first album "Blue Eyes".


title: Group Sounds

text: This year after the Beatles' performance in Japan in June 30, the groups began to sing while playing musical instruments such as electric guitars will debut one after another in Japan. In response to this, the youth entertainment magazine "Weekly Meisei", began to collectively call these groups and music "Group Sounds" or "GS", and the name became widespread. There are several theories. There is a theory that Takeshi Terauchi said that in 1965 when asked about the genre of Blue Jeans at that time, "It's a group sound" and "But it's a singular form, so Group Sounds is better".


title: Group Sounds

text: Blue Jeans were influenced by The Ventures. Those who were active as professional bands before the Beatles' performance in Japan, such as Blue Jeans, Blue Comets and The Spiders, and those who played blues rock like The Golden Cups and The Tempters, The are some bands title from amateurs, such as The Tigers and The Jaguars, were formed by students who were influenced by "The Beatles" and "Rolling Stones". In this way, even with GS, the musicality of each group varied considerably. The music industry at that time was still old, and entertainment professionals and record companies wanted to ask professional composers and lyricists to write music for GS upcoming songs.


title: Group Sounds

text: Therefore, the Tempters and The Golden Cups, who played mainly their favorite Western rock music at concerts and recitals, felt a backlash. Some groups, like The Golden Cups, adhered to the policy of never playing singles like "Long-Haired Girl" at live performances. Jackey Yoshikawa & His Blue Comets and The Spiders became popular groups in the early days of the GS boom, and The Tigers, The Tempters, and Ox became popular in the middle and late stages of the GS boom.


title: Group Sounds

text: However, The Spiders, The Blue Comets, and The Golden Cups were also popular GS comparable to them. Since the 2000s, PYG, which debuted in 1971, has been re-evaluated. At the time of the 1960s, Japan was a society with a feudal side with strong fatherhood, and elements such as long hair and electric guitar were linked to badness and juvenile delinquency, and the wind from the general public was very strong. As a result, some high school students who went to see Group Sounds concerts were either suspended or dropped out to created their own band. In addition, junior high schools and high schools that prohibited going to concerts appeared one after another. At an outdoor concert at The Tigers' Nara Ayame Pond in November 1967, a fan fell and was seriously injured. Therefore, NHK cut the appearance part of The Tigers that had already been recorded in "Grand Show of Song", and after that, with the exception of Jackey Yoshikawa and his Blue Comets who had short hair, long-haired group sounds come and was banned due to poor rating.


title: Group Sounds

text: In May 1968, a concert admission ticket forgery by a high school girl fan of The Tigers also occurred. A series of girls who actually fainted due to the fainting performance that Ox performed on the stage, and this triggered the antipathy of PTA and educators. And to prevent accidents, theaters and local governments appeared that Group Sounds bands did not provide concert venues.In the special feature of "Record Collectors", record companies who want to appoint professional songwriters to the GS group who aimed to make their own performances by hiring songwriters such as Rei Nakanishi, Kunihiko Murai, Kyōhei Tsutsumi, Kunihiko Suzuki and other songwriters. Since they hired as composer, they couldn't do it even if the writers wanted to cover Western music rock.


title: Group Sounds

text: In the 1960s, there were several professional female GSs (belonging to the office), including Pinky Chicks, Chikako Matsuda, and Tokyo Pink Pearls. Only Pinky Chicks has released a record. Some female GS members were able to release disco records in the 70's. Later, a surf rock-style Golden Half also debuted their records. Their album, "Beyond the Sun", was a cover of Astro Notes. Emy Jackson was a solo singer who made her debut on Philips Records as an English=born citizen, but during the heyday of GS, Akiko Nakamura, Jun Mayuzumi, Michi Aoyama, Rumi Koyama, Aki Izumi and others also made their debut. Akiko Nakamura's "Nijiiro no Lake", Jun Mayuzumi's "Tenshi no Yuwaku" and "Koi no Hallelujah" were big hits in the music rating.


title: Group Sounds

text: Jun Mayuzumi's "Saturday Night, something happens" is a representative song of the female version of GS. In addition to the hit song, Ichiro Araki, a male singer and songwriter, released an ambitious work, "I'm in Rockland with you." It was the cult GS that came to the forefront in the 1990s, about 20 years after the GS was over. The Genova's "Saharin's Light Doesn't Extinguish" and The Voltage's "It's a Man's Man's World" are examples of cult GS works.


title: Group Sounds

text: The GS boom peaked around the summer of 1968, and more than 100 groups made their record debuts, but in the spring of 1969, major members withdrew from popular groups such as The Tigers, The Carnabeats, and OX, and again. Jackey Yoshikawa and his Blue Comets even recorded songs on a mood song line. Around 1970, the GS boom came to an end, and in 1971, most groups were disbanded or disappeared spontaneously. After that, among the people who served as lead vocals in the popular Group Sounds, there are many people who continue to be active on the entertainment such as solo singers, musicians, actors, and talents even after the group disbanded. In addition, there are some people who have served as other musical instrument parts, such as actors, composers, studio musicians, music producers, and entertainment agency managers, who are among the important figures in the entertainment world.


title: Group Sounds

text: From 1988 to 1990, a group called the Tigers Memorial Club Band was formed, and the hit songs of that time were released one after another. In addition, Kyosei Iwamoto, who was imitating Kenji Sawada, was impressed by them and formed a band with Katsumi Kahashi, Taro Morimoto, Shiro Kishibe and The Tigers Mania among members of The Tigers in 1993. "Victim of Romance" has been released. Meanwhile, The Wild Ones was reunited in 1981 and is still active to this day.


title: Group Sounds

text: In addition, Jackey Yoshikawa and his Blue Comets did not dissolve (still preferred Blue Comets as GS took the form of dissolution & reorganization in the fall of 1972) and continued activities while repeating member changes, and after the death of Daisuke Inoue in 2000, the heyday We are returning to the organization of the remaining four people. Both The Tigers and The Wild Ones belonged to Watanabe Productions during the heyday of GS.


title: Group Sounds

text: In 2002, Village Singers' "The Girl with Flaxen Hair" was covered by Hitomi Shimatani and became a smash hit. GS was treated for a long time as a so-called "old-fashioned melody" after the boom had passed. However, research by Susumu Kurosawa, a GS researcher from the mid-1980s, and re-verification by Haruo Chikada have been carried out, and it has attracted some attention. The Mops are also evaluated overseas as "psychedelic rock" and "garage rock". In Japan, re-edited albums by label, albums by genre, and CD recurrences with the same paper jacket specifications at the time of release were released one after another. Kyohei Tsutsumi provided the songs for C-C-B, which appeared in the mid-1980s. At about the same time, a phenomenon was seen in which a younger generation of GS fans played GS-style songs mainly at live houses in Tokyo. Representative bands at that time include The Phantom Gift and The Collectors. This movement was featured in some media, but it was a small phenomenon. After that, Dixied, Emons and others inherited GS.


title: Group Sounds

text: Even after the 21st century, GS-style rock bands and GS followers such as Kinoko Hotel, The Captains, and The Shallows have been born. Since 2010, bands such as The Juliannes was created by former Jackey Yoshikawa and Tsunaki Mihara of Blue Comets have been created.


title: Captain (United States O-3)

text: In the United States Army (USA), U.S. Marine Corps (USMC), and U.S. Air Force (USAF), captain is a company grade officer rank, with the pay grade of O-3.


title: Burt Baskin

text: Burt Baskin (December 17, 1913, Illinois – December 24, 1967, Studio City, Los Angeles) was the founder of Baskin-Robbins. He was the son of a Jewish American businessman who owned a clothing store. He attended the University of Illinois and graduated in 1935. After graduation, he joined his father’s clothing business. Later, he opened his own men’s clothing shop on the ground floor of historic Palmer House Hotel in Chicago. During World War II, he served in the US Navy and was assigned in the Southwest Pacific.


title: Captain (United States O-3)

text: It ranks above first lieutenant and below major. It is the same to the rank of lieutenant in the Navy/Coast Guard officer rank system.


title: Burt Baskin

text: He met Irv Robbins when he began dating Robbins' sister in 1941. He soon married into the family, became good friends with Robbins, and the two men decided to go into the ice cream business. At the suggestion of Robbins' father, however, they each opened separate stands, so that each man could better understand the responsibilities of running their own business. Baskin opened his Burton's ice cream stand in 1945, while Robbins opened a shop called Snowbird. They each had several stores by the time they merged in 1948, forming the company that was renamed Baskin-Robbins in 1953.


title: Burt Baskin

text: The company had 43 stores by the end of 1949, more than 100 by 1960 and about 500 when the ice cream empire was sold to United Fruit Company for an estimated $12 million in 1967. Robbins stayed involved with the company for 11 more years and retired in 1978. Twenty-five years later, Baskin-Robbins had become the world's largest chain of ice cream stores, with 5,500 outlets around the world.


title: Equilibrium market price

text: When price is lower than the equilibrium price, quantity demanded will be greater than quantity supplied. There will be a tendency for the price to increase.


title: Balabhaskar

text: Balabhaskar Chandran (10 July 1978 – 2 October 2018) was an Indian violinist, composer and record producer. He was born in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. He was best known for promoting fusion music in South India.


title: N. R. Madhava Menon

text: Neelakanta Ramakrishna Madhava Menon (4 May 1935 – 8 May 2019) was an Indian lawyer and educator. He has been called the main figure of modern legal education in India. He was founder and director of the National Law School of India University (NLSIU) and the National Judicial Academy. He also served as founder and vice-chancellor of the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences (NUJS). Menon was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour, by the government in 2003. He was born in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.


title: Decisecond

text: The decisecond (ds) is a unit of time. It is part of the International System of Units. A decisecond is 10 second. It is one tenth of a second. There are ten deciseconds in one second.


title: Equilibrium market price

text: When price is higher than the equilibrium price, quantity supplied will be greater than quantity demanded. There will be a tendency for the price to decrease.


title: Balabhaskar

text: He had composed the soundtrack for the Malayalam movie "Mangalya Pallakku", and was the youngest music composer to have worked in the industry. His compositions for the albums "Ninakaai" and "Aadyamai" are still among the most-sought-after romantic song collections.


title: Equilibrium market price

text: Equilibrium market price is attained when the quantity demanded equals quantity supplied. It is sometimes called market clearing price.


title: Balabhaskar

text: Balabhaskar died on 2 October 2018 of a heart attack caused by injuries from a car crash he suffered a week earlier, aged 40.


title: Bello FiGo

text: Paul Yeboah (born 4 August 1992), also known as Bello FiGo, is a Ghanaian-Italian YouTuber and singer. FiGo is known in Italy for his parody songs on topics like racism, sexism and politics.


title: Bello FiGo

text: Bello FiGo was born in Accra, Ghana. In 2004, he moved to Parma, Italy with his family. In 2010 he started to publish self-produced music videos on his YouTube channel. He first used the nicknames "Bello FiGo Gucci" and "Gucci Boy". After his videos became famous, he started using the name "Gucci". The fashion company Gucci sued FiGo for using their brand name.


title: Bello FiGo

text: FiGo makes his songs in an intentionally poor style called "trash rap". In his songs, he has mocked various political figures. In 2016, "Rolling Stone Italia" said he was "the most politicized artist in Italy". In 2016 and 2017, FiGo received death threats and some of his concerts were cancelled. He published his autobiographical book "Swag Negro" in 2018.


title: Bello FiGo

text: In 2019, Bello FiGo was sued by the University of Pisa because of a sex-song "Trombo a facoltà", that was recorded inside the classes of economics of the University, which declared that its staff didn't know anything about it and didn't give its authorization to record the video.


title: Bello FiGo

text: In February 2020, he released the song "Coronaovirus", a song about the coronavirus (COVID-19). In May 2020, he released his third album "Terra Transsese in estate".


title: Hannibal Alkhas

text: Hannibal Alkhas (1930 – 2010) was a sculptor, painter and author. He was born in 1930 in Iran into an ethnic Assyrian and Christian family and spent his childhood and teenage years in Kermanshah, Ahwaz and Tehran. In 1951, Hannibal Alkhas moved to the United States in pursuit of his education and studied philosophy for three years at Loyola University of Chicago, Illinois.


title: The Elf on the Shelf

text: The Elf on the Shelf: A Christmas Tradition is a 2004 children's picture book. It was written by Carol Aebersold and her daughter Chanda Bell. The book was illustrated by Coë Steinwart. It tells a Christmas-themed story, written in rhyme. The story explains how Santa Claus knows who is naughty and who is nice. It describes elves visiting children between Thanksgiving and Christmas Eve, after which they return to the North Pole until the next holiday season.


title: Hannibal Alkhas

text: From 1953 to 1958 he attended the Art Institute of Chicago where he earned his Bachelor's and Masters of Fine Arts.


title: Hannibal Alkhas

text: In 1959, after the death of his father, the famous Assyrian writer Rabi Adai Alkhas, Hannibal Alkhas returned to Iran and began to teach painting, drawing, and art history at the Tehran School of Fine Arts for the next four years. During this time he established the successful "Gilgamesh gallery", the first modern art gallery in Iran where aspiring young artists were introduced.


title: Hannibal Alkhas

text: In 1963 he returned to the United States and taught a Monticello College in Illinois where he became the chairman of the art department.


title: Hannibal Alkhas

text: In 1969 Hannibal again returned to Iran and spent the next eleven (11) years teaching at Tehran University [6].


title: Hannibal Alkhas

text: Hannibal Alkhas has also created book illustrations, written poems and translated many poems to and from Assyrian. His works have been displayed in numerous exhibitions in Iran, Europe, Canada, Australia and the US.


title: Hannibal Alkhas

text: Hannibal Alkhas died on September 14, 2010 at the age of 80 in the United States. He was suffering from cancer.


title: Lalla Fatma N'Soumer

text: Lalla Fatma N'Soumer (born Fatima Sayed Ahmed Oomazian) and also known as Lalla Fatma (c.1830 – c.1863) was an important person in Algeria who fought in a resistance movement when France was invading Algeria.


title: Noomi Rapace

text: Noomi Rapace (; ; born 28 December 1979) is a Swedish actress. She became well known for her role as Lisbeth Salander in the Swedish movie versions of the "Millennium" series: "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo", "The Girl Who Played with Fire", and "The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest".


title: Noomi Rapace

text: She has also starred as Anna in "Daisy Diamond" (2007), Leena in "Beyond" (2010), Anna in "The Monitor" (2011), Madame Simza Heron in "" (2011), Dr. Elizabeth Shaw in "Prometheus" (2012), Beatrice in "Dead Man Down" (2013), Raisa Demidova in "Child 44" (2015), and the seven lead roles in "What Happened to Monday" (2017).


title: Louis Riel

text: Louis David Riel (22 October 1844 – 16 November 1885, (Loo-E Ree-L) in English) was a Canadian politician. He founded the province of Manitoba and was a leader of the Métis people of the Canadian prairies. He led two resistance movements against the Canadian government and its first Prime Minister, Sir John A. MacDonald.


title: Louis Riel

text: Riel tried to preserve Métis rights and culture. He is regarded by many as a Canadian folk hero today.


title: Louis Riel

text: Until recently, Riel was regarded as an outlaw. During a battle against the Canadian government his people took prisoners.


title: Louis Riel

text: One of these prisoners was a man named Thomas Scott. Scott would often be resistant and disrespectful of his captors. When Scott assaulted one of Riel's men, Riel had enough...


title: Louis Riel

text: He was put on trial to a jury containing several of Riel's most trusted men (including Elzéar Goulet, a Métis leader who supported Riel.) The court found Scott annoying, and he was sentenced to death for being mean, by a firing squad.


title: Louis Riel

text: The English speaking people of Ontario considered this murder and a war party called the Wolsely Expedition was sent to put his rebellion down. This, eventually led to his capture. Riel was hung in Regina due to his involvement in the resistance against the Canadian government.


title: Pendulum clock

text: A pendulum clock is a clock that uses a pendulum, a swinging weight, as its timekeeping element. It was invented in 1656 by Christiaan Huygens. From the year 1656 until the 1930s, the pendulum clock was the world's most accurate way of keeping time. This is what caused it to be used by a lot of people all over the place.


title: C. Rangarajan

text: C. Rangarajan or Chakravarthi Rangarajan (born 1932) is an Indian economist. He was the 19th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India. He is the former Chairman of the Prime Minister's Economic Advisory Council. He was a professor in Ahmedabad University. From 1997 to 2003, he was Governor of Andhra Pradesh.


title: Sony Pictures

text: Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc., formerly Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group, is an American company that makes and distributes movies. The company is owned by Sony Corporation. They also own Columbia Pictures, TriStar Pictures, Screen Gems Pictures, Affirm Films and other studios. The company makes movies and television programs. The movies are released under Columbia Pictures and the TV programs are released by its TV department Sony Pictures Television. The main operations of the company are in the United States. Sony Pictures also has many different divisions around the world. These places include Latin America, India and Japan. The company is now headquartered at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California.


title: Sony Pictures

text: Sony Corporation first got into the movie business after buying Columbia Pictures and TriStar Pictures in 1989. They renamed the company as "Sony Pictures" in 1991.


title: Sony Pictures

text: Sony Pictures eventually branched out. It created other divisions. The company even had a part of rival studio MGM at one point. It made several James Bond movies with them. The company was hacked in 2014 by people who seemed to be from North Korea. The U.S. government thinks this was for making "The Interview", a movie that made fun of North Korean leader Kim Jong-un.


title: Sony Pictures

text: Sony Pictures recovered after the hacking. They made a deal with Disney to share "Spider-Man" movies with Marvel Studios. They also stream movies and television programs on Netflix.


title: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

text: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (11 December 1918 – 3 August 2008) was a Russian writer. He was the winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in literature.


title: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

text: Solzhenitsyn was a novelist, dramatist, and historian. With his works, the Gulags, a network of Soviet labor camp (see forced labor), became well known. Due to this, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970, but also was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1974. In 1994, Solzhenitsyn went back to Russia. After he died (of heart failure) he received a state funeral. He was very significant for revealing what life was like in the Soviet days.


title: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

text: Much of Solzhenitsyn's work is autobiographical, based on things he saw and experienced in his own life. Solzhenitsyn was himself imprisoned in the Gulag for many years, and later was in a cancer ward (he recovered from the cancer).


title: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

text: After Khrushchev's Secret Speech in 1956 Solzhenitsyn was freed from exile and exonerated (cleared of all charges). The manuscript of "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich" was published in edited form in 1962, with the explicit approval of Nikita Khrushchev. Khrushchev defended it at the Praesidium of the Politburo hearing on whether to allow its publishing, and added: "There's a Stalinist in each of you; there's even a Stalinist in me. We must root out this evil".


title: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

text: Thus the lines between autobiography, reportage, fiction and political observations are tied up together, more so than with most writers.


title: Gilbert Gottfried

text: Gilbert Jeremy Gottfried (February 28, 1955 – April 12, 2022) was an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice artist, and comedian. He was the voice of Iago in the "Aladdin" animated franchise. He also voiced Digit in the PBS educational animated series "Cyberchase". He was originally the voice of the Aflac Duck, but he was dismissed on March 14, 2011 and he was replaced by Daniel McKeague on April 26, 2011.


title: Gilbert Gottfried

text: Gottfried was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York on February 28, 1955, the youngest of 3 children.


title: Gilbert Gottfried

text: On April 12, 2022, Gottfried died in Manhattan at the age of 67 of ventricular tachycardia caused by type II myotonic dystrophy.


title: Caroline Wozniacki

text: Caroline Wozniacki (born 11 July 1990) is a Danish professional tennis player. As of January 2018, she is the number 2 ranked female tennis player in the world. She used to be world number one. In her career, she has won one Grand Slam (2018 Australian Open) and 23 singles tournaments on the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. She also reached the finals of the 2009 and 2014 U.S. Open. She lost to Kim Clijsters and Serena Williams.


title: Caroline Wozniacki

text: Wozniacki was born in Odense to Polish Catholic immigrant parents. She was engaged to golfer Rory McIlroy until 2014.


title: Mika Häkkinen

text: Mika Pauli Häkkinen (born September 28, 1968 in Helsingin maalaiskunta) is a Finnish racing driver and two-time Formula One champion. He was Michael Schumacher's greatest rival in F1 from 1998–2000. Schumacher has said that Häkkinen is the rival he respected the most during his Formula One career.


title: World Heritage Committee

text: The World Heritage Committee is the group which decides on the places to be listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It makes sure that the agreements in World Heritage Convention are followed. It also decides how the money in the World Heritage Fund is spent. The committee has 21 members who are elected from the 188 countries that have agreed to the World Heritage Convention.


title: World Heritage Committee

text: According to the World Heritage Convention, committee members are elected for six years, however many of the representatives choose to be on the committee for only four years. This gives more countries a chance to take part. At the 15th General Assembly (2005) all the committee members agreed to serve for only four years.


title: World Heritage Committee

text: The World Heritage Committee meets many times a year to discuss the management of existing World Heritage Sites, and to look at possible new sites. A special meeting, known as the World Heritage Committee Session, takes place each year where sites are added (inscribed) to the World Heritage List.


title: World Heritage Committee

text: The annual session takes place in cities all over the world. With the exception of meetings held in Paris, where the UNESCO headquarter office is located, only countries who are members of the World Heritage Committee have the right to hold a Session. The cities are decided by the Committee.


title: Dickon Mitchell

text: Dickon Amiss Thomas Mitchell (born 8 October 1978) is a Grenadian politician and lawyer. He is the Prime Minister of Grenada since 24 June 2022. He is also the leader of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) since 2021. He led his party to victory in the 2022 general election.


title: Bharat Ek Khoj

text: Bharat Ek Khoj is a series of 53 episodes about the history of India. It is based on Discovery of India (1946), a book by Jawaharlal Nehru. It was directed, written and produced by Shyam Benegal in 1988 for Doordarshan. It stars Roshan Seth as Jawaharlal Nehru. Om Puri is the narrator. It was first aired on DD National. The episodes are about India's 5000-year history till independence in 1947. Its cast also includes Tom Alter, Naseerudin Shah, Irrfan Khan.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Layal Mounir Abboud (:; born on May 15, 1982) is a Lebanese pop-folk singer, sound-lyric poet, concert dancer, fit model, Muslim humanitarian and businesswoman.


title: Layal Abboud

text: She wa born to a musical family in the Southern Lebanese Tyrian village of Kniseh. Abboud is a former ISF officer and studied English literature at Lebanese University. then, she stutied translation at Beirut Arab University and musical expression at the American University of Science and Technology. She appeared for the first time in the Studio El-Fan series debuts as a South Lebanese competitor from 2001 to 2002. Abboud's musical career got popular with the release of her first album "Fi Shouq" (: on longing) published in late 2007. She sings in different Arabic dialects. Abboud is a singer member in the Syndicate of Professional Artists in Lebanon.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Layal Abboud was born into a large Shia Muslim family on May 15, 1982 in the southern village of Kanisah in Lebanon's Tyre District. Abboud's father and mother, named Mounir and Maryam, had three brothers and six sisters between them. As a child, Abboud started singing and dancing and was a fan of Egyptian pop singer Amr Diab. Starting at age 14, she worked as a private tutor.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Abboud studied English literature at the Lebanese University and translation in Beirut Arab University. She graduated from university with a master's degree. She went on to study music at the Lebanese National Higher Conservatory of music for two years.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Abboud served as an officer for the Lebanese Police Force, where she worked security for two years in the Beirut–Rafic Hariri International Airport's Inspection Department.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Abboud went on to study music under Richard Najm. In 2006 She became a multi-instrumentalist skilled in the oud, organ and guitar. Abboud appeared on TV for the first time on the hit show "Studio El-Fan" as a 2001–02 competitor. Her first album, "Fi Shouq" (: "On Longing") was released in late 2007. In an interview with Egyptian media about her good favor to music, Abboud has stated, "Music is my life!"


title: Layal Abboud

text: Her inspirations (or creativity) include Ammar El Sherei, Baligh Hamdi and Sabah whom Abboud called the "ideal of my art career." In July 2014 Abboud also said that she is "very much drawn to French musicians, possibly because I’m a bit of a hopeless romantic."


title: Layal Abboud

text: In 2014 Abboud called Akel Fakih "the mastermind" behind the way she dresses in her professional, social, and daily life. In 2015 Akel Fakih said he works with Layal Abboud "in a very characteristic and upmarket way, going on to say that, "there is a chemistry that brings me together in fashion. She trusts my opinion and tastes, and this is one of the reasons why Layal chose me in her concerts." Abboud has explained details on her fashion team, saying, "Elie Samaan does my hair and makeup; my stylist is Serene Assaad, and my photographer is Hussein Salman."


title: Layal Abboud

text: Abboud is founder of Amman-based wedding planning company Loulou Secret. She also runs Layal Productions for her music.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Sometimes she is called a seduction (or charming) artist and femme fatale by critics like Al Akhbar. Abboud appeared on the program "Bala Teshfir" on the "Al Jadeed" network in 2015, and stated, "Being bold is not seduction". She believes there is a bias against her and said, "I am a normal artist and contemporary with fashion."


title: Layal Abboud

text: In 2016 counterfeit images were published attributed to Abboud's likeness. She appointed attorney Haitham Tarshishi to file a lawsuit against "all those involved in the forgery of a picture attributed to her through social media sites, accompanied by words beyond the limits of fitness." In August 2016, the Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation reported that a suspect had been arrested.


title: Layal Abboud

text: In April 2017 as a guest on the satirical program "La-hon Wa-bas" hosted by Hicham Haddad, Abboud condemned an issue of "Nadine Magazine" for its depiction of her chest and face shape with the words, "Bigger than this chest" emblazoned on its cover. She accused the magazine of trying to increase readership by dumbing down and oversimplifying its content.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Abboud cares about her physical health and elegance. In June 2017 she publicly confirmed that she had undergone rhinoplasty, but that the rest of her features were not the result of plastic surgery. She said, "The secret of my beauty is sport". She is a supporter for a public smoking ban for Lebanon, saying, "Smoking and non-smoking areas must be allocated". She has been had an interest in sport and horseback riding since childhood. Abboud has four horses. She keeps in the village of Tanbourit in Lebanon's Sidon District. Their names are Rim, Loulou, Khaybar (named after Khaibar-1 ) and Layal (named after her given name).


title: Layal Abboud

text: Abboud is a practicing Muslim. She fasts and abstains from performing during Ramadan, and holds the pre-dawn and post-sunset meals of suhur and Iftar with her family.


title: Layal Abboud

text: Abboud married and gave birth to her only son, Jad, in 2004. She eventually divorced her husband. She later described the marriage as "very formal," and added, "My early marriage was the result of a love story. I am a romantic and dreamy woman." In June, 2017 she said, "By respect among us, we divorced and I chose my career in art."


title: Kim Dae-jung

text: Kim Dae-jung (January 6, 1924 – August 18, 2009) was a South Korean president. In 2000, he got the Nobel Peace Prize. He is the first person from Korea to get a Nobel prize. A Roman Catholic since 1957, he has been called the "Nelson Mandela" of Asia Kim Dae Jung was the President (succeeding Kim Young-sam) from 1998 to 2003. He was born in Haui-do, South Jeolla Province, an island off the South Korean Coast in 1924.


title: Kim Dae-jung

text: Kim died on August 18, 2009 at a hospital in Seoul from cardiac arrest caused by multiple organ failure and pneumonia, aged 85.


title: Otto Rehhagel

text: Rehhagel is one of two people to have played in more than 1,000 Bundesliga matches as a player and coach (the other being Jupp Heynckes). In the Bundesliga, he holds the records for most wins (387), most draws (205) and most losses (228), with his team scoring more goals (1,473) and conceding goals (1,142) than any other team. From 1981 to 1995 he worked as manager for Werder Bremen, winning the Bundesliga twice with them and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1992. After a rather unfortunate intermezzo at Bayern Munich, he sensationally won the Bundesliga with promoted team 1. FC Kaiserslautern.


title: Otto Rehhagel

text: Born in Altenessen, Rehhagel began his career with local club TuS Helene Altenessen in 1948, then transferred to Rot-Weiss Essen (1960–63) and then played the Bundesliga at Hertha BSC (1963–65) until 1972 for Kaiserslautern. He played 201 games in the Bundesliga.


title: Government of Canada

text: The Government of Canada is a constitutional monarchy. It has a monarch, who currently is King Charles III. He appoints a Governor General to Canada to represent himself. The country is run by a democratically elected government, led by a Prime Minister. A Parliament is elected, usually every five years. From the parliament, a cabinet is organized with the prime minister as leader.


title: Bobby Rydell

text: Bobby Rydell (born Robert Louis Ridarelli; April 26, 1942 – April 5, 2022) was an American rock and roll singer, drummer and actor. In the early 1960s, he was called a teen idol. His most well-known songs include "Wild One" and "Volare" (cover). He appeared in the movie "Bye Bye Birdie" in 1963.


title: Gert Fröbe

text: Karl Gerhart "Gert" Fröbe (; 25 February 1913 – 5 September 1988) was a German actor. He is best known in English-speaking countries for his work as Auric Goldfinger in the James Bond movie "Goldfinger". He also played Baron Bomburst in "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang".


title: Teen Titans Go!

text: Teen Titans Go! is an American television show. It airs on Cartoon Network. It first aired on April 23, 2013. It is currently airing "its 8th season."


title: Teen Titans Go!

text: The production companies of the series are DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. Animation, with the animation outsourced to first and second seasons of United States at Digital eMation, AKOM and Rough Draft Korea in traditionaly animation and the third season onwards of Canada at Copernicus Studios and Bardel Entertainment in flash animation.


title: Chișinău

text: Chișinău (IPA /ki.ʃi.'nəu/), formerly known as Kishinev, is the capital city and industrial and commercial center of the Moldova. It is also largest city of Moldova. It is in the center of the country, on the river Bîc.


title: Chișinău

text: The city is in the middle of the central area of Moldova. It is divided into five administrative districts. These are:


title: Chișinău

text: Chișinău was founded in 1436 as a monastery town. The city was part of the Moldavian Principality, which, starting with the 16th century fell under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire. At the beginning of the 19th century it was a small village of 7,000 people. In 1812 it was occupied by Russia, who made it the centre of Bessarabia. By 1862, there were 92,000 people. By 1900, there were 125,787.


title: Chișinău

text: Following the Russian October Revolution the country declared independence from the fallen empire, before joining the Kingdom of Romania. With Moldova only autonomous in the new state, Chișinău lost its title as Capital and moved into the background.


title: Chișinău

text: Between 1918 and 1940 the center of the city undertook large renovation work. In 1927 a monument to the famous prince Stephen III of Moldavia, by the artist Alexandru Plămădeală was erected.


title: Chișinău

text: In the chaos of the Second World War Chișinău was nearly completely destroyed. This began with the Soviet occupation led by the Red Army from 28 June 1940. As the city began to recover from the takeover, a devastating earthquake occurred on 10 November 1940. The epicenter of the quake, which measured 7.3 on the Richter scale, was in eastern Romania and subsequently led to substantial destruction in the city.


title: Chișinău

text: After scarcely one year the assault of modern-day Moldova by the German army began. From July 1941 the city suffered from large-scale shooting and heavy bombardments by Nazi air raids. The Red Army resistance held until Chișinău finally fell on 17 July 1941.


title: Chișinău

text: Following the occupation the city suffered from the characteristic mass murder of predominantly Jewish inhabitants. As had been seen elsewhere in Europe, the dwindling followers of Judaism were transported on trucks to the outskirts of the city. There they were then shot in partially dug pits. The number of Jews murdered during the occupation of the city is estimated at 10,000 people.


title: Chișinău

text: As the War drew to a conclusion the former capital was pulled once more into heavy fighting as German troops retreated. After nearly six months of fighting Chișinău finally fell on 24 August 1944 to the Red Army. By this point the city had lost 70% of its buildings and constructions - the earthquake of 1940 and the air raids contributing to the largest part of this.


title: Chișinău

text: After the war the head of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin, claimed the area around Bessarabien, to be in his own nation's sphere of influence. With the war completed, Stalin reorangised the political landscape of Eastern Europe, giving nominal independence to Romania and incorporating Moldova into the USSR. Thus Chișinău was once more made capital of the now 'autonomous' republic.


title: Chișinău

text: In the years 1947 to 1949 the architect Alexey Shchusev developed a plan with the aid of a team of architects for the gradual reconstruction of the city.


title: Chișinău

text: The beginning of the 1950s saw a rapid increase in the number of people, with which the Soviets responded by constructing large-scale housing and palaces in the style of Stalinist architecture. This process continued under Nikita Khrushchev, who called for construction under the slogan "good, cheaper and built faster". The new architectural style brought about dramatic change and generated the style that dominates today, with large blocks of flats arranged in considerable settlements.


title: Chișinău

text: The period of the most significant development of the city was from 1971, when the Council of Ministers of the USSR has adopted a decision "About the measures for further development of Kishinev city", that secured more than one billon rubles of investments from the state budget, until 1991, when Moldova gained independence.


title: Chișinău

text: Chișinău is governed by the City Council and the City Mayor, both elected once every four years. The current mayor is Dorin Chirtoacă. Ursu is the former vice-mayor, between August 1994 and April 2005 was Serafim Urechean. Under the Moldovan constitution, Urechean - elected to parliament in 2005 - was prevented from holding an additional post to that of an MP. The Democratic Moldova Bloc leader accepted his mandate and in April resigned from his former position. During his 11-year term, Urechean committed himself to the restoration of the church tower of the "Catedrala Naşterea Domnului", as well as improvements in public transport. From 1994, Chișinău saw the construction and launch of new trolley bus lines.


title: Chișinău

text: Chișinău is the most economically developed and industrialised city in Moldova. Chișinău is a major industrial and services centre; its main industries include consumer and electrical goods, building materials, machinery, plastics, rubber, and textiles. The main service fields are banking and shopping/commerce.


title: Chișinău

text: The city has thirty-six universities, and the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the city has become a relatively lively and well-provisioned capital, with a much higher standard of living than most rural areas.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: Liv and Maddie, also known as Liv and Maddie: Cali Style in its fourth season, is an Canadian teen sitcom. It was created by John D. Beck and Ron Hart. And Produced By Canada Based-Studio Nelvana It originally aired on Disney Channel from July 19, 2013 to March 24, 2017. The show stars Dove Cameron in a dual role as identical twin sisters. They have completely different personalities and are best friends. Liv is an actress. She has come back to her home after living in Hollywood for four years. She was the star of a popular television show called "Sing It Loud!". Maddie is a basketball prodigy. The show is about Liv having to get used to normal family life again after production on "Sing It Loud!" ended. It is also about the two sisters being best friends despite their different personalities and different interests. The show also stars Joey Bragg, Tenzing Norgay Trainor, Kali Rocha, and Benjamin King. The characters they play are Joey Rooney, Parker Rooney, Karen Rooney, and Pete Rooney. Joey and Parker are Liv and Maddie's younger brothers. Karen and Pete are their mother and father. In the last season of the show, Lauren Lindsey Donzis joined the cast. She played Liv and Maddie's younger cousin Ruby. Ruby becomes their "sorta-sister". Her character replaced Pete. Pete was not in any of the episodes of the fourth season.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: After finishing a four-year stint in Hollywood filming a popular television show called "Sing It Loud!", actress Liv Rooney returns to her birthplace of Stevens Point, Wisconsin to the open arms of her family, despite being offered more roles in other shows and movies. Liv decided to come home because she missed her family and wanted to see them again. She is happily reunited with her identical twin sister Maddie. Maddie is her best friend. Liv is a girly girl. She enjoys anytime someone mentions her former career. Maddie is a tomboy with a talent for basketball. She is the captain of her school's basketball team. The twins have two younger brothers. They are Joey and Parker. Joey is a typical awkward teen. He is one year younger than the twins. Parker is a clever tween. He has a mischievous personality. Parker is the youngest child of the Rooney family. Their father Pete is the coach for Maddie's basketball team. He eventually achieves his dream of becoming the coach of a college team in Beloit, Wisconsin. Their mother Karen is the school psychologist and later vice principal starting in the second season.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In the first three seasons, most events take place at either Ridgewood High, the high school that Liv, Maddie, Joey, and later Parker, due to being a child prodigy, all attend, or the Rooney residence. At the end of the third season, the Rooney house collapses due to a series of tunnels created by Parker and Maddie is accepted into a college in Los Angeles, California. This prompts the rest of the Rooneys, except Pete who remains in Wisconsin to continue his coaching job, to move to Malibu, California, to take up residence with Karen's younger sister Dena and her daughter Ruby, where the show's forth season takes place. In the last episode of the series, all the Rooneys part ways. Liv is invited to perform in a musical called "Double Duchess" on Broadway, Maddie is given a grant to build tiny houses for the homeless in New Orleans, Joey is invited to go on a comedy tour with Jim Breuer, and Parker is invited to go with his friend Val to a biodome in the salt flats of Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia to study life on Mars.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: A big part of the show are documentary-style cutaways where major characters and the supporting characters talk to the viewers to explain various things and their opinions on the situations in which they are featured in each episode. In the last episode, it is revealed that the cutaways are part of a reality series that airs in Luxembourg called "Bits and Pieces". This is a reference to the working title of "Liv and Maddie".


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In the spring of 2012, Oops Doughnuts Productions had shopped the script of a project called "Bits and Pieces". It was about a blended family similar to shows like "The Brady Bunch" and "Step by Step". The show followed Jodie Sullenger (Kali Rocha), mother of Alanna (Dove Cameron) and Sticky (Joey Bragg). Sullenger married Pete Fickman (Benjamin King), father of Crystal (Cozi Zuehlsdorff) and Brody (Tenzing Norgay Trainor). All six have to get used to life under the same roof. Eventually, Disney chose to change the concept of "Bits and Pieces" into one about a pair of twins. Now titled "Liv and Maddie", the show began production in April 2013.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: The show was produced under a joint venture between Beck & Hart Productions, Oops Doughnuts Productions, and It's a Laugh Productions. The show's creators, John D. Beck and Ron Hart, are a production-writing team. Their credits include "According to Jim", "Hey Arnold!", and "Shake It Up!". They also served as executive producers alongside Andy Fickman. Fickman was the only director who participated in all four seasons of the show. He directed 20 of the 21 episodes of the first season. He also directed four episodes of the second season, two of the third season, and four of the fourth season.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: On January 13, 2014, Disney Channel renewed "Liv and Maddie" for a 13-episode second season. The second season was later expanded to 24 episodes. The first season ended on July 27, 2014. The season season premiered on September 21, 2014. On April 3, 2015, the show was renewed for a third season by Disney Channel. The second season ended on August 23, 2015. The third season premiered on September 13, 2015. On December 21, 2015, Dove Cameron stated that Disney Channel was picking up "Liv and Maddie" for a fourth season. On June 19, 2016, series co-creator Ron Hart announced on Twitter that the fourth season would premiere in fall 2016. On July 1, 2016, Dove Cameron stated that they had filmed the series' final episode. On August 19, 2016, it was announced by the show's creators, John D. Beck and Ron Hart, that the last season would be called "Liv and Maddie: Cali Style". The third season ended on June 19, 2016. The fourth season premiered on September 23, 2016. The show ended on March 24, 2017.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: Casting took place during the spring of 2012; however, only a pilot episode was made. Instead of hiring a new cast, production chose to keep those whom they had already hired and make a completely new pilot. The story now focused on Dove Cameron playing dual roles with the same parents and brothers. Lead billing for Cozi Zuehlsdorff was later dropped to guest star. The family name of "Rooney" was picked because of Sullenger's enjoyment of the Pittsburgh Steelers, a team owned by the Rooney family.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: A full version of the "Liv and Maddie" theme song, "Better in Stereo", was recorded by Dove Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on October 15, 2013. A music video was made. The music video aired on Disney Channel on the night of October 29, 2013. The song was featured twice in the show. The first time was in the last episode of season three, "Californi-A-Rooney". The second time was an acoustic version sung by Cameron. This was at the very end of the last episode of the show, "End-A-Rooney".


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In the pilot episode, "Twin-A-Rooney", Liv shows Maddie a clip from the "Sing It Loud!" finale. In it, Liv's character, Stephanie Einstein, sings a cover of On Top of the World by Imagine Dragons. A full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on August 27, 2013.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Fa-La-La-A-Rooney", Liv performs the classic "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!" during the Steven's Point Holiday Spectacular. A full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was included on Holidays Unwrapped, a holiday album released by Walt Disney Records on October 15, 2013.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Song-A-Rooney", Liv performs "FroyoYOLO". It goes viral, but Liv hates it. In the same episode, Liv performs "Count Me In". A full version of "Count Me In" was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on June 3, 2014.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "New Year's Eve-A-Rooney", Liv performs "You, Me and the Beat". A full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on December 2, 2014.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Rate-A-Rooney", Liv uploads "What a Girl Is". Two versions were created, The first was the one shown in the show. The other, which included Christina Grimmie and Baby Kaely, was eventually recorded. Both versions are included in the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack. The second version was released on iTunes on March 5, 2015. The original version was released on March 17, 2015. On March 17, 2015, the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack was released. The soundtrack includes "Better in Stereo", "On Top of the World", "FroyoYOLO", "Count Me In", "You, Me and the Beat", and both versions of "What a Girl Is". The soundtrack also includes "Say Hey", "As Long As I Have You", and "True Love". There were two versions of "True Love": Ballad, which would be sung by Jordan Fisher, and a piano duet featuring Jordan Fisher and Dove Cameron. With the announcement of the soundtrack on March 5, 2015, the singles for those songs, except FroyoYOLO, were discontinued and are no longer available.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Prom-A-Rooney", Liv performs "True Love" at the school prom. Like she did with the other songs, Cameron recorded a full version of the song. It was released as part of the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack on March 17, 2015.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Band-A-Rooney", Liv's band, "The Dream", performs "Say Hey" at the Battle of the Bands. A full version was recorded by Cameron. It had the band member's actor doing the chorus. The song was released as part of the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack on March 17, 2015.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Video-A-Rooney", Liv's band performs "As Long As I Have You". Cameron recorded a full version. It was released as part of the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack on March 17, 2015. The song was the last song from the soundtrack that was played in the show.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "SPARF-A-Rooney", Andy Grammer performs "Honey, I'm Good". This is one of the few songs in "Liv and Maddie" that was not part of the soundtrack.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Sing It Louder!!-A-Rooney", Liv and Ruby perform "One Second Chance" on the set of "Sing It Louder!!" The song was recorded by Cameron and Lauren Lindsey Donzis. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on November 4, 2016.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Falcon-A-Rooney", "The Power of Two" is performed again by Liv and Ruby for "Sing It Louder!!". Like the previous song in season four, Dove Cameron and Lauren Lindsey Donzis recorded a full version of the song. It was released on January 20, 2017.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: In "Sing It Live!!-A-Rooney", Liv sings "My Destiny" for the special episode of "Sing It Louder!!". Again, a full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single on March 3, 2017.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: "Liv and Maddie" aired on Disney Channel in the United States and Family Channel in Canada. The pilot episode aired as a preview on July 19, 2013. It followed the premiere of the Disney Channel Original Movie "Teen Beach Movie". The first promo for the show was seen on June 28, 2013. It followed the premiere of "Disney's Mickey Mouse Shorts". The show officially premiered in the United States on September 15, 2013. It premiered in Canada on September 20, 2013. The show stopped airing in Canada on Family Channel on September 1, 2015. It started airing on Disney Channel on September 5, 2015. La Chaîne Disney in French Canada premiered the episode "Home Run-A-Rooney" on March 24, 2016. This was 17 days before the American and Canadian airing of the episode on April 10, 2016. In the UK and Ireland, the show aired as a preview on October 7, 2013. It later premiered on November 8, 2013. In Australia and New Zealand, the show premiered on October 11, 2013. The second season premiered on January 8, 2015. The third season premiered on December 2, 2015. The show premiered in Southeast Asia on January 10, 2014. In the Balkans, Greece, the Middle East, and Africa, the show premiered on March 8, 2014. The second season premiered on February 7, 2015. In India, the show premiered on October 30, 2017 on Disney International HD.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: Emily Ashby of Common Sense Media gave the show's quality a rating of three out of five stars. She described it as a "jovial family sitcom". She said it can be watched by children ages seven and above. Ashby said that the show has a "comical spin" on common family issues like sibling rivalry. She said that it is a "worry-free pick for kids." Neil Genzlinger of "The New York Times" compared the show to "The Patty Duke Show". She described it as "a gentle, moderately amusing comedy". She also said that Cameron does a good job playing both main characters. She said that "the premise gives the writers plenty of opportunities."


title: Liv and Maddie

text: Brand marketing promotion for "Liv and Maddie" still continues strongly. ACCO Brands, under the Day Dream brand, features a 2015 wall calendar and Disney D'Signed clothing line from selected retailers Target and Kohl's. Wooky Entertainment owns Style Me Up, a creative fashion brand for tween girls. This features "Liv and Maddie: Dreams Come True" and "Liv and Maddie: A Rising Star" sketchbooks. Footwear retailer Payless ShoeSource makes "Liv and Maddie"-themed character footwear based on the show.


title: Liv and Maddie

text: A novelization of the show, titled "Liv and Maddie: Sisters Forever", was published by Disney Press on January 6, 2015. The junior novel is based on the episodes "Twin-A-Rooney" and "Team-A-Rooney". It alternates between the view points of Liv, Maddie, Joey, and Parker. The junior novel features eight pages of photos from the show. It was adapted by Lexi Ryals. Another novelization of the show, titled "Liv and Maddie: Double Trouble", was published by Disney Press on August 4, 2015. It is based on the episodes "Sweet-16-A-Rooney" and "Dodge-A-Rooney". Like the first novel, "Double Trouble" features eight pages of photos from the show and was adapted by Lexi Ryals. Also like the first novel, "Double Trouble" alternates between the view points of Liv, Maddie, Joey, and Parker.


title: Aquitaine

text: Aquitaine (Occitan: "Aquitània"; ; ) is a part of southwestern France. It was once an administrative region but is now part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. With over 41,000 square kilometers, it is one of the largest regions of mainland France (the largest of all French regions is French Guiana, in South America).


title: Aquitaine

text: Its capital was Bordeaux, the largest city. The French name of the people living in the region is "Aquitain".


title: Aquitaine

text: The five departments in the region were Dordogne, Gironde, Landes, Lot-et-Garonne, and Pyrénées-Atlantiques.


title: Aquitaine

text: The Aquitaine region was the third largest region of Metropolitan France, after Midi-Pyrénées and Rhône-Alpes. Its area was . It bordered with three French regions: Poitou-Charentes to the north, Limousin to the northeast and Midi-Pyrénées to the east. To the south is Spain (Aragon and Navarre) and to the west the Atlantic Ocean. The coast along the Atlantic Ocean, part of the Bay of Biscay, is called the Côte d'Argent ("Silver Coast").


title: Aquitaine

text: Most of Aquitaine is in the Aquitanian basin, a relatively flat and geologically young landscape. High mountains are found only in the south of Aquitaine, in the Pyrenees mountain range. The Pic Palas (), at , is the highest point of Aquitaine; it is on the border with Spain.


title: Aquitaine

text: The main rivers of the region are the Garonne, that flows through the Gironde and Lot-et-Garonne departments; the Dordogne, that flows through the Dordogne and Gironde departments; the Lot, that flows through the Lot-et-Garonne department; the Dropt, that flows through the Dordogne, Gironde and Lot-et-Garonne departments; and the Adour, that flows through the Landes department.


title: Aquitaine

text: The climate is mild - except in the high mountains - all year round. On the Atlantic coast, the annual average temperature is above 15 °C, in Bordeaux is about 14 °C and on the border of Limousin is still 11 °C. Rainfall is relatively high and is higher in the south of the region.


title: Aquitaine

text: In the Middle Ages Aquitaine was at times a kingdom and a duchy. Various wars made it larger and smaller. Aquitane came into the control of England when Eleanor of Aquitaine married Henry II of England in 1152. It remained in English control until 1453 at the end of the Hundred Years' War.


title: Aquitaine

text: The Aquitaine region had a population, in 2012, of 3,285,970, for a population density of inhabitants/km.


title: Gaziantep

text: Gaziantep is a city in the southeast of Turkey. It has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate ("Csa" in the Koeppen climate classification). Gaziantep is well known for its dessert baklava. Gaziantep is the sixth biggest city in Turkey.


title: Nahuatl

text: The first people to speak Nahuatl were indigenous peoples in central Mexico. The Aztecs and the Toltecs spoke an early form of Nahuatl.


title: Nahuatl

text: Nahuatl has changed since the end of the Aztec Empire. Over time, many different dialects of Nahuatl have developed. Today, people who speak different Nahuatl dialects do not always understand each other.


title: Nahuatl

text: Today, most people who speak Nahuatl live in central Mexico. but A few live in other parts of Mexico or in the United States.


title: Nahuatl

text: Nahuatl is one of the official languages of Mexico. However, most people who speak Nahuatl now also speak Spanish.


title: Nahuatl

text: Many phrases that are unique to Mexican Spanish come from Nahuatl, according to John Lipski. The unique phrases are called "Mexicanisms." An example is "ándale, "which often means "let's go." Another example is the word "Bueno?" and is used by many Spanish-speakers when they answer the telephone.


title: Cebuano language

text: Cebuano (also referred to as Bisaya) is one of the main languages spoken in the Philippines. About 20,000,000 people speak this language. Cebuano is a member of the Visayan language family.


title: Cebuano language

text: While Tagalog has more speakers than any other language in the Philippines today, Cebuano was the most widely spoken language in the Philippines from the 1950s until the 1980s. Cebuano is by far the most widely spoken of the Visayan languages.


title: Cebuano language

text: It is the most spoken language by many people in the Central Visayas, western parts of the Eastern Visayas, some western parts of Palawan and most parts of Mindanao. Cebuano is one of the three main Visayan languages, along with Waray and Hiligaynon, which are more closely related to it.


title: Cebuano language

text: The name of the language comes from the Philippine island of Cebu, suffixed with the Spanish "-ano" (meaning nature, or a location). In other words, the language is more commonly called "Bisaya". However, this can cause confusion among non-native speakers, as there are many other languages called "Bisaya" even though they cannot be understood by people who speak what linguists call "Cebuano". In this sense, "Cebuano" applies to all speakers of the language who come from Cebu island, regardless of where they live now, as well as to the language they speak.


title: Cebuano language

text: Some people do not like the term "Cebuano". For example, many Cebuano speakers in Leyte, Bohol, and Northern Mindanao (Dipolog, Dapitan, Misamis Occidental, and Misamis Oriental, as well as in coastal areas of Butuan) say that their ancestors were Cebuano speakers who were native to their area, not immigrants or settlers from the Visayas. Also, they want to call themselves as Bisaya and their language "Binisaya" rather than "Cebuano".


title: Cebuano language

text: Cebuano has two numeral systems. The native system is mostly used for counting things, like animals or houses. The Spanish system is only used for money and time. It is also used for counting from 11 and up.


title: Namur (city)

text: Namur (, ) is a city in Belgium. It is both the capital of the province with the same name, as well as of Wallonia, one of the three administrative regions of Belgium. It is in the French-speaking part of Belgium.


title: Douglas Adams

text: Douglas Adams (11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001) was a British writer. He is most famous for his "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" series.


title: Douglas Adams

text: Adams was born in Cambridge. When he was a few months old he moved to East London and a few years later to Brentwood, Essex. He originally received attention when he wrote for the popular TV shows "Monty Python" and "Doctor Who" in the 1970s. In 1978 he wrote a science-fiction radio series called "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy". It was later turned into a novel. In the early 1980s, it became a television series and in 2005 it became a movie produced by Disney. Adams also wrote several sequels for radio and as novels. He was also known for his humorous detective novels starring Dirk Gently, and for his efforts to conserve endangered species. He was an atheist. In 2001, Adams died of a heart attack while he was working out at the gym in Montecito, California, United States.


title: Mineralogy

text: Mineralogy is the study of minerals. Minerals are things that make rocks. There are many different types of minerals. Some are hard, like diamonds. Some are soft, like talc. Some are metal, like gold or silver. Minerals are put into special groups of minerals made of similar chemicals, or that have similar structures inside. For example, the chemicals that make up some minerals line up in chains, while in other minerals, they make bow-tie shapes.


title: Mineralogy

text: Studying minerals can be useful for figuring out certain things about a rock. Sometimes the shape or size of the mineral can tell something about the rock as well. For example, minerals in igneous rocks can help figure out how long the rock took to cool down (turn from lava into a rock). Larger minerals mean the rock cooled slowly (probably underground). Smaller minerals mean the rock cooled down quickly (probably above ground, like from a volcano). The type of mineral in a rock can also tell what kind of a rock it is, or what has happened to the rock since it formed. Many rocks are named based on what kinds of minerals they have.


title: Mineralogy

text: Mineralogists (people who study minerals) study minerals in rocks with hand lenses (a magnifying glass), and in thin section (thin slices of rock) with microscopes. They record things about the minerals like how big they are, what shape they are, what color they are, and if the mineral changes colors when you turn it. Mineralogists also record what color minerals turn in a special light. These details can help mineralogists figure out what minerals they are looking at.


title: Mineralogy

text: Minerals can be used in a lot of different things, like mining, jewelry, farming, pottery, making metals, and more . Mineralogists can help find important minerals in the Earth using what they know and learn.


title: Sint Eustatius

text: Sint Eustatius, also known as Statia, or Saint Eustace, is one of the islands which make up the Caribbean Netherlands and formerly the Netherlands Antilles. It is in the northern, Leeward Islands portion of the West Indies, some distance southeast of the Virgin Islands. It forms part of the inner arc of the Leeward Island chain, lying immediately to the northwest of Saint Kitts and Nevis and to the southeast of Saba at . The regional capital is Oranjestad. It is named after the legendary Catholic Saint Eustace.


title: Main

text: The Main (pronounced in German like the English word "mine") is a river in Germany, 524 km in length, and one of the bigger tributaries of the Rhine river. Its average discharge at Frankfurt East Harbour is 190 cubic metres/second. It flows through the Bundesländer (states) of Bavaria, Hesse and 25 Kilometers along the border of Bavaria with Baden-Württemberg. The biggest city on the Main is Frankfurt, others are Bayreuth, Bamberg, Würzburg, Hanau and Offenbach. The mid Main valley is characterised by many vineyards. It is part of the region of Franken. Boats on the Main can use the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal to go to Eastern Europe.


title: Sint Eustatius

text: Sint Eustatius has a land area of 21 km² (8.1 sq. miles). At the 2001 Netherlands Antilles census, the population was 2,292 inhabitants, which means a population density of 109 inh. per km². In 2004, the population was estimated at 2,498 inhabitants.


title: Main

text: The name of the river has nothing to do with the English word "main", which means "most important", or the French word "main", which means "hand". The river was named "Mogin" by the ancient celts after their god Mogon. Later, the Romans called the river "Moenus" in their language. In the Middle Ages, this name became "Meyn" and later "Main".


title: Rupert Grint

text: Rupert Alexander Lloyd Grint (; born 24 August 1988) is an English actor. He is best known for his role as Ron Weasley, one of the three main characters in the "Harry Potter" series of movies. He was cast as Weasley at age eleven. Before that, Grint had acted only in school plays and his local theatre group. From 2001 to 2011, he starred in all eight "Harry Potter" movies.


title: Rupert Grint

text: Grint started to work outside of the "Harry Potter" franchise in 2002. He had a main role in "Thunderpants". In 2006, he was in "Driving Lessons", a dramedy movie. He was also in "Cherrybomb" in 2010. Grint was in the comedy "Wild Target" with Bill Nighy and Emily Blunt. His first movie project after the "Harry Potter" series was in the 2012 anti-war movie "Into the White." In 2013, his movie "CBGB" was released. That same year, he was cast in CBS's program "Super Clyde". His first work on stage was in "Mojo" in October 2013. It was at the Harold Pinter Theatre in London. In 2014, he was the voice of the character of Josh in "". From 2017 to 2018, he executive-produced and starred in the programme "Snatch", It was based on the movie of the same name. Since 2019, he has been in the Apple TV+ horror series "Servant".


title: Rupert Grint

text: Grint supports several charitable causes. Since 2011, he has been in a relationship with actress Georgia Groome. They have a daughter.


title: Orion nebula

text: The Orion nebula, or Messier 42, M42, or NGC 1976, is a diffuse nebula. It is visible to the naked eye in the night sky. It is exceptionally bright because it has O-type stars at its core. They are the hottest and brightest stars. The nebula is south of Orion's Belt in the constellation of Orion.


title: Orion nebula

text: M42 is 1,344 ± 20 light years away from us. It is the closest region of massive star formation to Earth. Big as it is, the Orion nebula is just part of an even larger star-forming area known as the Orion complex.


title: Orion nebula

text: The nebula is a huge stellar nursery. 700 stars are in the process of forming there. At its heart is a very young open cluster, known as the Trapezium because of the pattern formed by its main stars.


title: Orion nebula

text: Recent observations with the Hubble Space Telescope have shown protoplanetary disks inside the Orion Nebula. This is a major discovery. They are called "proplyds" for short. There are more than 150 of these in the nebula. They are thought to be to be systems in the earliest stages of planetary system formation. The sheer numbers have been used as evidence that the formation of star systems is fairly common in the universe.


title: Orion nebula

text: Stars form when clumps of hydrogen and other gases in an H II region contract under their own gravity. As the gas collapses, the central clump grows stronger and the gas heats to extreme temperatures by converting gravitational potential energy to thermal energy. If the temperature gets high enough, nuclear fusion will start, and form a protostar. The protostar is 'born' when it begins to emit enough energy to balance out its gravity and halt gravitational collapse.


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: In mathematics, a limit is an anticipated value of a function or sequence based on the points around it. As a function performs operations on different inputs, this can cause strange results with certain numbers, especially if we try to plot them on a Cartesian graph; limits are a way of explaining what happens in these cases.


title: Aldo Moro

text: Aldo Moro (September 23, 1916 – May 9, 1978) was an Italian politician who was the 38th Prime Minister of Italy from December 4, 1963 through June 24, 1968. He was also the Italian Minister of Justice, the Italian Minister of Education, and the Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs. His political career would last from 1963 from 1974. He was a Roman Catholic.


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: which reads "the limit of "f" of "x", as "x" approaches "c" equals "L"". An alternative notation is "formula_2 as formula_3", which reads "formula_4 tends to formula_5 as formula_6 tends to formula_7". Limit is shortened to "lim".


title: Aldo Moro

text: Moro was born on September 23, 1916 in Maglie, Apulia, Italy. He studied at the University of Bari and at Sapienza University of Rome. Moro was married and had 4 children.


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: Imagine we have a function that takes an input, formula_6, and then outputs formula_11 to formula_12. If we were to draw a graph using x and y as coordinates, the results would look like this:


title: Aldo Moro

text: He was kidnapped on March 16, 1978 by the Red Brigades (BR), a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization. On May 9, 1978, the Red Brigades said that Moro would go free so they sent him to a car. As he began to enter the car, he was shot and killed after 55 days of captivity, aged 61. In fact, Pope Paul VI "offered himself in exchange … for Aldo Moro …".


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: As we can see here, division by zero is undefined. But if we look closer, then we can see that we still have valid output—as long as we never reach zero:


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: This problem is unique to zero as the function still works on every value up to zero, even if we approach from the negative side. As input numbers get arbitrarily small, the output will simply get arbitrarily large, and if we draw this on a graph, the line will stretch upwards without bound before it touches 0 on either axis.


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: One way we describe this is "The limit of formula_13 as formula_6 approaches 0, from the right side, is formula_15", meaning that formula_13 can keep increasing beyond bounds, as long as "x" doesn't reach 0. Mathematically, this is written as: formula_17.


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: While a limit cannot be reached, it can be approached to get a more accurate output value. For example, the mathematical constant formula_18 (Euler's number) can be found by calculating formula_19, where formula_20 is an input:


title: Limit (mathematics)

text: While the equation will never be equal to formula_18, putting in a larger input will get us closer to it, and make our output more accurate. Mathematically, we can express this by saying that "The limit of formula_22 as formula_20 approaches formula_15 is formula_18", which is noted as formula_26.


title: Alexander Kerensky

text: Alexander Kerensky (4 May 1881 – 11 June 1970) was a major political leader before and during the Russian Revolution. Kerensky served as the Second Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin in the October Revolution. He spent the rest of his life in exile. He died in New York City in 1970 at the age of 89.


title: János Áder

text: János Áder (born 9 May 1959) is a Hungarian politician. He became the President of Hungary in May 2012. He left office in May 2022.


title: Diatom

text: Diatoms are tiny eukaryotic algae. They are a common type of phytoplankton. Most are single cells, but some form chains or simple colonies.


title: Diatom

text: Diatom cells have a unique cell wall made of silica (SiO). These walls (called "frustules") take many forms, some quite beautiful and ornate. They usually have two asymmetrical sides with a split between them (hence "diatom").


title: Diatom

text: They are one of two great groups of single-celled organisms in the sea. The other is the coccoliths. Since diatoms are made of silica, and coccoliths are made of calcium carbonate, they do not grow in the same places in the sea. This was first discovered by T.H. Huxley in his voyage on "HMS Rattlesnake", 18461850. Diatoms are also found in some soils and in some waterways on land.


title: Diatom

text: Living diatoms make about 20 to 50 percent of the oxygen produced on the planet each year. They take in over 6.7 billion metric tons of silicon each year from the waters in which they live.


title: Diatom

text: Diatom chloroplasts were probably derived from those of red algae. The fossil record of diatoms starts in strata of the Lower Jurassic, ~185 million years ago. Molecular clock evidence suggests an earlier date for their origin. The entire genomes of two species of diatom have been analysed. The analysis reveals that hundreds of genes in both species came from bacteria.


title: Diatom

text: Diatoms have some practical uses. Diatom communities are a popular tool for monitoring environmental conditions, past and present. They are commonly used in studies of water quality. They are also of interest to nanotechnology.


title: Nature reserve

text: A nature reserve (preserve or (national/nature) conserve) is a protected area. It protects wildlife, flora (plants) and fauna (animals). Reserves may also protect geological features or other special interests. A nature reserve is land that is kept for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research.


title: Nature reserve

text: Nature reserves can be created by government institutions. They can also be created by private landowners, such as charities and research institutions, regardless of nationality. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an organization that helps countries and others with conservation programs and management.


title: Birmingham City F.C.

text: The club play in the Championship, their current manager is Lee bowyer. Their home ground is St.Andrews


title: Scripture

text: Scripture means "writing" in Latin. The word is mostly used to refer to the Bible or books that are considered sacred to a certain religion, like the Qur'an or Hindu scripture.


title: Seismometer

text: A seismometer or seismograph is an instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those generated by earthquakes, nuclear explosions and other sources.


title: Seismometer

text: Records of seismic waves called seismograms allow us to map the interior of the Earth, and to find and measure the size of those different sources.


title: Seismometer

text: The word derives from the Greek word, "seismós", a shaking or quake, from the verb σείω, "seíō", to shake; and μέτρον, "métron", measure.


title: Seismometer

text: The technique of using a seismometer to build up a picture of the Earth's interior is called seismic tomography.


title: Alain Prost

text: Alain Prost is a French retired automobile racer and Formula One World Champion. He was born February 24, 1955 in Lorette, France. His nickname is "Professor".


title: Alain Prost

text: Prost is the one of the greatest Formula One drivers of all time. He won the championship four times: 1985, 1986, 1989 and 1993. Only Lewis Hamilton (7), Michael Schumacher (7) and Juan Manuel Fangio (5) have won more times than Prost.


title: Alain Prost

text: He started driving with McLaren in 1980. From 1981 until 1983, he was racing for Renault F1. Prost returned to McLaren in 1984 and raced for them until 1989. During this time he won his first three championships. Prost left McLaren to race for Scuderia Ferrari in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, Prost took a year off from racing. He returned to racing in 1993 with WilliamsF1. Prost retired from racing after winning his fourth title in that year.


title: Alain Prost

text: Prost raced in 202 Grand Prix races between 1980 and 1993. He held the record for most wins with 51 until 2001. He was in the pole position in 33 of those races and had the fastest lap time in 41 races.


title: Alain Prost

text: In his career, Prost beat nearly all his team-mates on total points, including five World Champions. Only in 1980 he lost by a point and in 1984 by half a point.


title: Kos

text: About 30,000 people live on Kos, 16,000 of them in the island capital Kos City in the west of the island.


title: Kos

text: There is an international airport near Antimachia in the middle of the island and a sea harbour in Kos City.


title: Kos

text: Kos Island's main industry is tourism. About 300,000 tourists take rooms on Kos every year and a lot of tourists take a one-day trip to Kos from neighboring islands or the Turkish coast. 17 km overseas lies Bodrum, Turkey.


title: Kos

text: Until the 4th century BC the capital of the island was in the west of it, near Kefalos. After an earthquake it moved to Kos City.


title: Kos

text: From 1912 to 1943 the Dodecanese islands belonged to Italy, from 1943 to 1945 to the Germans, and from 1945 to 1946 the British ruled them. Since 1946 they belong to Greece.


title: Kos

text: The most important tourist attraction is the Askelepsion, an old temple for the Greek god Askelapsios. It was built between the 5th and the 1st century BC.


title: Critically endangered species

text: A critically endangered species is a species of plant or animal, that has an extremely high risk of extinction in the future.


title: Gastroesophageal reflux disease

text: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic medical problem involving the part of the body which runs from the mouth to the stomach.


title: Gastroesophageal reflux disease

text: The problem exists when stomach contents move backwards towards the mouth. Food or liquid moves from the stomach into the tube between the mouth and the stomach. That tube is called the oesophagus.


title: Robert Browning

text: Robert Browning (7 May 1812 – 12 December 1889) was an English poet and playwright of Victorian era. He was born in Camberwell, London. He was married to the poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning. They both moved to Italy and lived in Florence. He had one son. Browning died in Venice, Italy. He was buried in Poets' Corner of Westminster Abbey.


title: Robert Browning

text: He wrote a poem called The Laboratory which was about a woman using poison to kill her lover's girlfriend.


title: Robert Browning

text: Browning's longest work was the poem "The Ring and the Book". It consists of more than twenty thousand lines. It is based on a true story. It tells about a real crime committed in Italy at the end of 17th century. Its main hero is Pompilia Comparini, a young woman stabbed to death by her husband, count Guido Franceschini.


title: Robert Browning

text: Poet's best work is probably the book "Men and Woman". It was published in 1855. It is a collection of monologues.


title: Robert Browning

text: Gilbert Keith Chesterton wrote a book about Robert Browning; it was called "Robert Browning" and was published by Macmillan & Co. in 1903.


title: Beauty and the Beast

text: Beauty and the Beast is a French folk story. It tells the story of a merchant who is lost in the woods. He finds the palace of a beast who wants to kill him, and makes a deal with the beast, to have his daughter in exchange. The daughter goes to live in the Beast's castle; the two fall in love; and the beast turns into a prince.


title: Prime Minister of Italy

text: The prime minister of Italy, officially President of the Council of Ministers, is the head of government of Italy.


title: Beauty and the Beast

text: The story has been published and revised in many versions, most notably Madame Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve's 1740 retelling and its revision in 1756 by Madame Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont.


title: Prime Minister of Italy

text: As of , there are eleven living former prime ministers. The most recent death of a former prime minister was that of Ciriaco De Mita (1988–1989), on 26 May 2022.


title: Beauty and the Beast

text: It was the inspiration for many other stories, as well as a 1980s TV series starring Linda Hamilton and Ron Pearlman. Several movies have been based on it, most famously Jean Cocteau's 1946 version and the 1991 animated version by Disney, which was nominated for the Best Picture Academy Award and inspired a long-running Broadway musical.


title: GABA

text: GABA is "gamma"-Aminobutyric acid (γ-Aminobutyric acid). It is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of mammals. It is an "inhibiting" neurotransmitter. Normally, when a neuron receives an impulse, it will make the signal stronger. In the case where there is an "inhibiting" neurotransmitter, the cell will no longer get the impulse, and the signal as a whole will be weakened.


title: GABA

text: GABA regulates how much neurons in the central nervous system will be stimulated in humans, and other mammals. It plays a role in regulating neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In humans, GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone. In insect species GABA acts only on excitatory nerve receptors.


title: GABA

text: Even though chemically it is an amino acid, GABA is rarely referred to as such in the scientific or medical communities. The term "amino acid," used without a qualifier, refers to the alpha amino acids, which GABA is not. GABA is also not incorporated into proteins.


title: Petanque

text: Petanque is a game played by many people, especially in France. It is played on a level surface which can be covered with gravel of varying sizes.Boules [metal balls] are thrown along this terrain. The game is played between two teams. Each team has three players [triples] with 2 boules each. At the start of the game, a small ball [coche or jack] is thrown. Each player stands in a circle and tries to throw a larger ball [boule] so that it lands close to the coche.The team having their boule or boules closest to the coche at the first end takes the points. Play continues until one team reaches 13.


title: Gaussian elimination

text: In mathematics, Gaussian elimination (also called row reduction) is a method used to solve systems of linear equations. It is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss, a famous German mathematician who wrote about this method, but did not invent it.


title: Gaussian elimination

text: To perform Gaussian elimination, the coefficients of the terms in the system of linear equations are used to create a type of matrix called an augmented matrix. Then, elementary row operations are used to simplify the matrix. The three types of row operations used are:


title: Gaussian elimination

text: The goal of Gaussian elimination is to get the matrix in "row-echelon form". If a matrix is in row-echelon form, that means that reading from left to right, each row will start with at least one more zero term than the row above it. Some definitions of Gaussian elimination say that the matrix result has to be in "reduced row-echelon form". That means that the matrix is in row-echelon form and the only non-zero term in each row is 1. Gaussian elimination that creates a reduced row-echelon matrix result is sometimes called Gauss-Jordan elimination.


title: Gaussian elimination

text: First, the system needs to be turned into an augmented matrix. In an augmented matrix, each linear equation becomes a row. On one side of the augmented matrix, the coefficients of each term in the linear equation become numbers in the matrix. On the other side of the augmented matrix are the constant terms each linear equation is equal to. For this system, the augmented matrix is:


title: Gaussian elimination

text: Then, row operations can be done on the augmented matrix to simplify it. The table below shows the row reduction process on the system of equations and on the augmented matrix.


title: Gaussian elimination

text: The matrix is now in reduced row-echelon form. Reading this matrix tells us that the solutions for this system of equations occur when x = 2, y = 3, and z = -1.


title: Argentinosaurus

text: Argentinosaurus was a titanosaurid sauropod dinosaur. It was an enormous, long-necked, long-tailed, quadrupedal, plant-eater from Argentina, South America during the Cretaceous period.


title: Argentinosaurus

text: "Argentinosaurus" meaning "Argentina lizard", was named by paleontologists Coria & José Bonaparte in 1993. It is known from fossilized back vertebrae, tibia, ribs and sacrum, found in Neuquén Province. It may be the largest dinosaur, but its remains are so incomplete that palaeontologists prefer to use "Saltasaurus" for their calculations. An accurate estimate was got for the much more complete sub-adult "Dreadnoughtus".


title: White Army

text: The White Army in the Russian Revolution was an alliance of various groups. It opposed the Red Army of Vladimir Lenin's Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War. Supporters included liberals, aristocrats, Cossacks, the Russian Orthodox Church, and some peasants. Eventually the allies of Russia sent ships and troops to help. The Red Army won, due to better organization.


title: Northern cardinal

text: The northern cardinal ("Cardinalis cardinalis") is a bird in the genus "Cardinalis"; it is also known as the redbird, common cardinal, red cardinal, or just cardinal. It can be found in southeastern Canada, through the eastern United States from Maine to Minnesota to Texas, New Mexico, Illinois southern Arizona, southern California, and south through Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala.


title: Northern cardinal

text: The northern cardinal is the state bird of seven U.S. states, more than any other species: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virginia. It was also a candidate to become the state bird of Delaware, but lost to the Delaware Blue Hen.


title: Range (biology)

text: Sometimes, when species are found in different regions at different times of year, terms such as summer range and winter range can be used. When discussing about animals, the species' natural range is often discussed.


title: Axa

text: AXA is a French multinational insurance firm headquartered in Paris. It is engaged in global insurance, investment management, and other financial services.


title: Museo Reina Sofía

text: The Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía (MNCARS, also called the Museo Reina Sofía, Queen Sofia Museum, El Reina Sofia, or simply The Sofia) is Spain's national museum of 20th century art. The museum was officially inaugurated on September 10, 1992 and is named for Queen Sofia of Spain. It is located in Madrid, near the Atocha train and metro stations, at the southern end of the so-called Golden Triangle of Art (located along the Paseo del Prado and also comprising the Museo del Prado and the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza).