title: Hellenistic art

text: Archeological discoveries at the cemetery of Pagasae (close to modern Volos), at the edge of the Pagasetic Gulf, or again at Vergina (1987), in the former kingdom of Macedonia, have brought to light some original works. For example, the tomb said to be that of Philip II has provided a great frieze representing a royal lion hunt, remarkable by its composition, the arrangement of the figures in space and its realistic representation of nature.


title: Hellenistic art

text: The Hellenistic period is equally the time of development of the mosaic, particularly with the works of Sosos of Pergamon, active in the 2nd century BC and the only mosaic artist cited by Pliny (XXXVI, 184). His taste for


title: Hellenistic art

text: trompe l'oeil (optical illusion) and the effects of the medium are found in several works attributed to him such as the "Unswept Floor" in the Vatican museum, representing the leftovers of a repast (fish bones, bones, empty shells, etc.) and the "Dove Basin" at the Capitoline Museum, known by means of a reproduction discovered in Hadrian's Villa. In it one sees four doves perched on the edge of a basin filled with water. One of them is watering herself while the others seem to be resting, which creates effects of reflections and shadow perfectly studied by the artist.


title: Hellenistic art

text: The Hellenistic period is that of the decline of painting on vases. The most common vases are black and uniform, with a shiny appearance approaching that of varnish, decorated with simple motifs of flowers or festoons. It is also the period when vases in relief appeared, doubtless in imitation of vases made of precious metals: wreaths in relief were applied to the body of the vase, or again the one shown here received veins or gadroons. One finds also more complex relief, based on animals or legendary creatures. The shapes of the vases are also inspired by the tradition of metal: thus with the lagynos (pictured here), a wine jar typical of the period.


title: Hellenistic art

text: In parallel there subsisted a tradition of polychromatic figurative painting: the artists sought a greater variety of tints than in the past. However, these newer colours are more delicate and do not support heat. The painting occurred therefore after firing, contrary to the traditional practice. The fragility of the pigments preventing frequent use of these vases, they were reserved for use in funerals.


title: Hellenistic art

text: The most representative copies of this style come from Centuripe in Sicily, where a workshop was active until the 3rd century B.C. These vases are characterized by a base painted pink. The figures, often female, are represented in coloured clothing: blue-violet chiton, yellow himation, white veil. The style is reminiscent of Pompei and is situated much more on the side of the grand contemporary paintings than on the heritage of the red-figure pottery.


title: Hellenistic art

text: Progress in bronze casting made it possible for the Greeks to create large works, such as the Colossus of Rhodes, with a height of 32 meters. Many of the large bronze statues were lost - with the majority being melted to recover the material. Because of this, only the smaller objects still exist. Fortunately, during Hellenistic Greece, the raw materials were plentiful following eastern conquests.


title: Hellenistic art

text: The work on metal vases took on a new fullness: the artists competed among themselves with great virtuosity. At Panagyurishte (now in Bulgaria), skilfully sculpted gold vases have been found: on an amphora, two rearing centaurs form the handles. In Derveni, not far from Salonica, a tomb has provided a great krater with bronze volutes dating from approximately 320 BC and weighing 40 kilograms (Derveni krater).


title: Hellenistic art

text: It is decorated with a 32-centimetre-tall frieze of figures in relief representing Dionysus surrounded by Ariadne and her procession of satyrs and maenads.


title: Hellenistic art

text: The neck is decorated with ornamental motifs while four satyrs in high relief are casually seated on the shoulders of the vase. The evolution is similar for the art of jewellery. The jewellers of the time excelled at handling details and filigrees: thus, the funeral wreaths present very realistic leaves of trees or stalks of wheat. In this period the insetting of precious stones flourished.


title: Hellenistic art

text: The figurines were equally fashionable. They represented divinities as well as subjects from contemporary life. Thus emerged the theme of the "negro", particularly in Ptolemaic Egypt: these statuettes of Black adolescents were successful up to the Roman period. Sometimes, they were reduced to echoing a form from the great sculptures: thus one finds numerous copies in miniature of the Tyche (good luck) of Antioch, of which the original dates to the beginning of the 3rd century BC.


title: Hellenistic art

text: Previously reserved for religious use, in Hellenistic Greece the Greek terracotta figurine was more frequently used for funerary, and even decorative, purposes. The refinement of molding techniques made it possible to create true miniature statues, with a high level of detail.


title: Hellenistic art

text: In Tanagra, in Boeotia, the figurines, full of lively colours, most often represent elegant women in scenes full of charm. At Smyrna, in Asia Minor, two major styles occurred side-by-side: first of all, copies of masterpieces of great sculpture, such as Farnese Hercules in gilt terra cotta. In a completely different genre, there are the "grotesques", which contrast violently with the canons of "Greek beauty": the "koroplathos" (figurine maker) fashions deformed bodies in tortuous poses — hunchbacks, epileptics, hydrocephalics, obese women, etc. One could therefore wonder whether these were medical models, the town of Smyrna being reputed for its medical school. Or they could simply be caricatures, designed to provoke laughter. The "grotesques" are equally common at Tarsus and also at Alexandria.


title: Hellenistic art

text: It was in the Hellenistic period that the Greeks, who until then only knew molded glass, discovered the technique of glass blowing, thus permitting new forms. The art of glass developed especially in Italy. Molded glass continued, notably in the creation of intaglio jewelry.


title: Hellenistic art

text: The art of engraving on gems hardly advanced at all, limiting itself to mass-produced items that lacked originality. As compensation, the cameo made its appearance. It concerns cutting in relief on a stone composed of several colored layers, allowing the object to be presented in relief through the effects of color. After that it is mounted on a pendant or as a ring. The Hellenistic period produced some masterpieces like the Gonzaga cameo , now preserved at the Hermitage Museum.


title: Ace Frehley

text: Paul Daniel "Ace" Frehley (born April 27, 1951) is an American guitarist best known as one of the first members of the rock band Kiss. He was the lead guitar player in the band. When the band started wearing costumes and face paint onstage Frehley chose paint that made him look like he was from outer space. Frehley played with the group from 1973 until 1982.


title: Ace Frehley

text: When he left Kiss he started making his own music as a solo musician. In 1996 he went back to playing with Kiss. His second time playing with Kiss stopped in 2002 when he left the band at the end of their world tour.


title: Rob Brydon

text: Robert Brydon Jones (born 3 May 1965), better known as Rob Brydon, is a Welsh actor, comedian, radio and television presenter, singer and impressionist. He has acted in "Supernova", "Gavin & Stacey", "Marion and Geoff", "The Keith Barret Show" and "Little Britain". Since 2009, he has hosted the BBC One comedy panel show "Would I Lie to You?".


title: Rob Brydon

text: Brydon was born in Baglan, Glamorgan, Wales. He was married to Martina Jones until 2000. They had three children, daughters Katie and Amy, and son Harry. Since 2006, he has been married to Claire Holland. They have two sons, Tom and George. He is a fan of Swansea City Association Football Club.


title: Princess Jasmine

text: Jasmine was born in Agrabah, in the royal Palace. She lived surrounded by all kinds of luxuries and comforts, and she had as her only friend the tiger Rajah. She lost her mother early in life (when not mentioned) and, hence, was educated by her father, the Sultan. She was happy until the day that the Sultan tried to force her to marry before her 16th birthday.


title: Cedar Point

text: Cedar Point is an amusement park in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. It opened in 1870. It is the second-oldest operating amusement park in the United States.


title: Chevrolet Equinox

text: Chevrolet Equinox is a mid-sized crossover CUV sold by Chevrolet. It was introduced for the 2005 model year. It is General Motors' third unibody crossover SUV. The first two were the Pontiac Aztek and Buick Rendezvous. The Equinox is built on an extended version of GM's Theta platform, it is the second vehicle to use this platform the Vue was the first. The Equinox replaces the S10 Blazer and Tracker. From 2005-2009 a rebadged model was sold under Pontiac as the Pontiac Torrent. The Torrent replaced the Aztek. The Equinox was redesigned in 2010 giving it a more contemporary look. Chevrolet announced that in 2016 the Equinox would be redesigned as a compact crossover, this will allow the automaker to introduce a new midsize crossover with third row seating. This decision was made because of competition from other automakers who offer midsize CUVs with a third row.


title: Princess Jasmine

text: Unhappy about being forced to marry, Jasmine fled the palace. In the streets, she finds out that Aladdin is arrested for stealing. Later, Jafar takes the control of the city of Agrabah, reducing Jasmine to the position of a slave. Aladdin arrives and defeats Jafar. Jasmine realizes that she loves Aladdin and the two decide to marry. She has since married and has become queen.


title: Gujari language

text: Gojri, also known as 'Gujari' is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Gurjars, or Gujjars of Northern Pakistan and the Republic of India. It is classified as a form or dialect of Rajasthani by the linguists.


title: Gujari language

text: The language is mainly spoken in the Punjab provinces of Hindustan and Pakistan and also in Jammu & Kashmir, it is most closely related to Marwari and Gujarati.


title: The Cramps

text: The Cramps were an American punk rock band, formed in 1976 and active until 2009. The band split after the death of lead singer Lux Interior. They were part of the early CBGB punk rock movement that had emerged in New York. The Cramps are widely recognized as one of the prime innovators of psychobilly, and they inspired many of the early gothic rock bands.


title: Blue Man Group

text: The Blue Man Group is a performing arts group. It was formed in 1987 in New York City. The members paint themselves in blue, wear black clothes and wear caps that make their heads look bald. The band plays rock music and is very entertaining and humorous. Families of all ages can enjoy their performances. Also, they have appeared in several commercials.


title: Marie Osmond

text: Olive Marie Osmond, known simply as Marie Osmond (born October 13, 1959) is an American singer, actress, and doll designer. She was born in Ogden, Utah. She is the sister of Donny Osmond. Marie was not a part of her family's singing group The Osmonds. She had some success as a solo country artist in the 1970s and 1980s. She also hosted several talk shows with her brother Donny.


title: Anne Buydens

text: Anne Buydens (born Hannelore Marx, 23 April 1919 – 29 April 2021) was a German-born Belgian-American actress, philanthropist, and producer. She was a member of the International Best Dressed List, beginning in 1970.


title: Cranberry juice

text: Cranberry juice is the liquid juice from cranberries. Cranberry juice sold in stores usually has sugar and water added. Some has other fruit juices.


title: Beefalo

text: The beefalo is a fertile hybrid of domestic cattle ("Bos taurus"), usually a male in managed breeding programs, and the American bison ("Bison bison"), usually a female in managed breeding programs. The breed was created to combine the characteristics of both animals for beef production.


title: Marie Osmond

text: Marie was born in Ogden, Utah. She is one of nine children and the only daughter. She was four years old when she first performed on television in the 1960s.


title: Anne Buydens

text: Both Kirk Douglas and Buydens were behind the establishment of "Harry's Haven", an Alzheimer's disease unit at the Motion Picture & Television Fund Home in Woodland Hills. It is named after Kirk Douglas's father. The couple was known for their effort to rebuild playgrounds in the Los Angeles Unified School District.


title: Cranberry juice

text: The terms "cranberry juice cocktail" and "cranberry juice blend" mean products have between 25% and 49% cranberry juice. The rest comes from different fruit juice concentrate (usually peach, grape or raspberry), also having added sugar to improve taste. Low-calorie cranberry juice products contain artificial sweeteners. Cranberry juice is tart due to its mixed content of polyphenols. Those include flavonoids, phenolic acids and anthocyanins.


title: Beefalo

text: Beefalo are primarily cattle in genetics and appearance, with the breed association defining a full Beefalo as one with three-eighths (37.5%) bison genetics, while animals with higher percentages of bison genetics are called "bison hybrids".


title: Marie Osmond

text: Marie has released a total of 9 albums of mostly country and pop music. Her 1973 release of Paper Roses became a number 1 hit and started her successful career. Her latest work released in 2015 is titled Music is Medicine.


title: Anne Buydens

text: Buydens died at her home in Beverly Hills, California on 29 April 2021, one week after her 102nd birthday.


title: Cranberry juice

text: Although many people believe that cranberry juice helps prevent urinary tract infections, it has no such proven effect. This was determined by the Cochrane review during completed clinical research. The scientific panel of the European Food Safety Authority said a cause-and-effect relationship could not be established between cranberry juice and urinary tract infections.


title: Beefalo

text: Accidental crosses were noticed as long ago as 1749 in the Southern states of North America, during British colonization. Cattle and bison were first intentionally crossbred during the mid-19th century.


title: Marie Osmond

text: She stared in 2 Broadway musicals. In 1994 she played the lead in The King and I and in 1997 she played the lead in The Sound of Music.


title: Cranberry juice

text: Cranberry juice is 86% water, 26% carbohydrates, and less than 1% fat or protein. A cup of regular (fortified) cranberry juice (248 grams or 8 ounces) has 107 calories. It has vitamin C as an ingredient to preserve freshness. Other micronutrients may be added during manufacturing. Other than vitamin C and folate having more than 10% of the Daily Value, a typical serving of cranberry juice has no micronutrients in significant content.


title: Beefalo

text: The first deliberate attempts to cross breed bison with cattle was made by Colonel Samuel Bedson, warden of Stoney Mountain Penitentiary, Winnipeg, in 1880. Bedson bought eight bison from a captive herd of James McKay and inter-bred them with Durham cattle. The hybrids raised by Bedson were described by naturalist Ernest Thompson Seton:


title: Marie Osmond

text: She was co-host of the Donny and Marie show that was very popular from 1975 until 1978. Marie acted in several made for TV movies, variety shows, situation comedy's and voiced animated characters during her career.


title: Cranberry juice

text: One half cup of cranberry juice has 60 calories, 20% of the Daily Value for vitamin C. That counts as one-half of a fruit serving toward the United States MyPlate daily nutrition guide.


title: Beefalo

text: After seeing thousands of cattle die in a Kansas blizzard in 1886, Charles "Buffalo" Jones, a co-founder of Garden City, Kansas, also worked to cross bison and cattle at a ranch near the future Grand Canyon National Park, with the hope the animals could survive the harsh winters. He called the result "cattalo" in 1888. Mossom Martin Boyd of Bobcaygeon, Ontario first started the practice in Canada, publishing about some of his outcomes in the Journal of Heredity. After his death in 1914, the Canadian government continued experiments in crossbreeding up to 1964, with little success. For example, in 1936 the Canadian government had successfully cross-bred only 30 cattalos.


title: Marie Osmond

text: Marie has written 3 books. In 2007 she came in third place on the 5th season of the US version of Dancing with the Stars. From 2008 through 2019 she performed with her brother, Donny, in a musical show at the Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada.


title: Cranberry juice

text: Cranberry juice is an acidic drink with a pH of about 2.6. Some cranberry juice products have large amounts of sugar used in manufacturing. This makes the drink taste better. Drinking cranberry juice may increase the risk of hyperglycemia and reduced control of blood glucose in people with diabetes or glucose intolerance.


title: Beefalo

text: It was found early on that crossing a male bison with a domestic cow would produce few offspring, but that crossing a domestic bull with a bison cow apparently solved the problem. The female offspring proved fertile, but rarely so for the males. Although the cattalo performed well, the mating problems meant the breeder had to maintain a herd of wild and difficult-to-handle bison cows.


title: Marie Osmond

text: Marie is the co-founder of the non-profit organization Children's Miracle Network. It was started in 1983 and the money raised promotes children's hospitals in North America.


title: Beefalo

text: In 1965, Jim Burnett of Montana produced a hybrid bull that was fertile. Soon after, Cory Skowronek of California formed the World Beefalo Association and began marketing the hybrids as a new breed. The new name, Beefalo, was meant to separate this hybrid from the problems associated with the old cattalo hybrids. The breed was eventually set at being genetically at least five-eighths "Bos taurus" and at most three-eighths "Bison bison".


title: Marie Osmond

text: Marie is married to Stephen Craig and lives in Las Vegas, Nevada. She also owns a home in Ogden, Utah and one in Los Angeles, California. She has 8 children. She is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.


title: Beefalo

text: A United States Department of Agriculture study found Beefalo meat, like bison meat, is lower in fat and cholesterol than regular beef cattle.


title: Beefalo

text: In 1983, the three main Beefalo registration groups reorganized under the American Beefalo World Registry. Until November 2008, there were two Beefalo associations, the American Beefalo World Registry and American Beefalo International. These organizations jointly formed the American Beefalo Association, Inc., which currently operates as the registering body for Beefalo in the United States.


title: Beefalo

text: Most current bison herds are genetically polluted or partly crossbred with cattle. There are only four genetically unmixed American bison herds left, and only two that are also free of brucellosis: the Wind Cave bison herd that roams Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota; and the Henry Mountains herd in the Henry Mountains of Utah. A herd on Catalina Island, California is not genetically pure or self-sustaining.


title: Beefalo

text: Dr. Dirk Van Vuren, formerly of the University of Kansas, however, points out that "The bison today that carry cattle DNA look exactly like bison, function exactly like bison and in fact are bison. For conservation groups, the interest is that they are not totally pure."


title: Beefalo

text: The term "cattalo" is defined by United States law as a cross of bison and cattle which have a bison appearance. In Canada, however, the term is used for hybrids of all degrees and appearance.


title: Beefalo

text: In some American states, cattalo are regulated as "exotic animals", along with pure bison and deer. However, in most states, bison and hybrids which are raised solely for livestock (meat and sale) purposes similar to cattle, are considered domestic animals like cattle, and do not require special permits.


title: Tim Horton

text: Miles Gilbert "Tim" Horton (January 12, 1930 – February 21, 1974) was a Canadian professional hockey defenceman from Cochrane, Ontario. He played 24 seasons in the National Hockey League for the Toronto Maple Leafs, the New York Rangers, the Pittsburgh Penguins, and Buffalo Sabres. He was also a businessman and the co-founder of Tim Hortons, now Canada's largest restaurant chain. He died in an car crash at St. Catharines, Ontario in 1974 at the age of 44.


title: Salivary gland neoplasm

text: Salivary gland cancer is a cancer that forms in tissues of a salivary gland. The salivary glands can be called major and minor. The major salivary glands consist of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. The minor glands include small mucus-secreting glands located throughout the palate, nasal and oral cavity. Salivary gland cancer is rare, with 2% of head and neck tumors forming in the salivary glands, the majority in the parotid.


title: Flint water crisis

text: The Flint water crisis is a drinking water contamination crisis in Flint, Michigan which began in April 2014. When the city changed its water source from treated Detroit Water and Sewerage Department water to the Flint River, it created a serious public health danger.


title: Melendi

text: Ramón Melendi Espinosa (born 21 January 1979 in Oviedo, Asturias) is a Spanish pop and rumba singer. He studied in the school, Leopoldo Alas "Clarín" with the Formula 1 pilot Fernando Alonso. He wrote a song for him called "Magic Alonso".


title: Tim Horton

text: As well as over 2700 shops in Canada, Buffalo, New York has over 80 Tim Hortons Doughnut Shops, and they can be found in Detroit, Michigan; Columbus, Ohio; and other American cities, mainly in the Northeast and the Great Lakes region. There are now over 400 shops in the United States.


title: Flint water crisis

text: In Flint, between 6,000 and 12,000 children have been exposed to drinking water with high levels of lead. They may experience serious health problems. The water change is also a possible cause of an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease that has killed 10 people in the county.


title: Melendi

text: In 2003, Melendi made his first album "Sin noticias de Holanda" which had 12 songs. In December of the same year, he wrote two new songs, "Asturias" and "Moratalá", which were very successful. In 2004, one of his songs, "Con la luna llena", was chosen as the official song of a Spanish bicycling event called "La vuelta ciclista España". One year later, he made his second single album "Que el cielo espere sentao". He sold more than 200,000 copies of it. Some years later he made three more albums.


title: Tim Horton

text: Early on the morning of February 21, 1974, Horton was driving on the Queen Elizabeth Way from Toronto to his home in Buffalo after the Buffalo Sabres had played in Toronto the night before, in his sports car. He lost control and hit a concrete culvert. The crash turned the vehicle over and Horton, who was not wearing a seat belt, was thrown out of the car. Horton was dead on arrival at the local hospital. A police officer following Horton said that he had been going over 160 km/h (100 mph).


title: Flint water crisis

text: On January 5, 2016, Michigan Governor Rick Snyder declared a state of emergency for Flint. President Barack Obama declared a federal state of emergency. He authorized additional help from the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Homeland Security almost two weeks later.


title: Alfa Romeo 146

text: The Alfa Romeo 146 is a car produced by Alfa Romeo. It replaced the Alfa Romeo 33 in 1995, and was replaced by the Alfa Romeo 147 in 2000.


title: Hugo Stiglitz

text: He was known for his roles in "Tintorera" and "La Noche de los mil gatos". He is known in the United States for his roles in "Under the Volcano". Quentin Tarantino named a character "Hugo Stiglitz" (played by actor Til Schweiger) in the movie "Inglourious Basterds" in his honor.


title: Hugo Stiglitz

text: In 2013, Stiglitz played Juan "Johnny" Bravo in Eugenio Derbez comedy movie "Instructions Not Included".


title: Forever (Chris Brown song)

text: "Forever" is a song by American R&B singer Chris Brown. It is taken from his second studio album, "Exclusive", on a special edition called "Exclusive: The Forever Edition". It was released as a single from the album on June 23, 2008, after "With You".


title: Forever (Chris Brown song)

text: The song reached number two on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in the US and number one on the Mainstream Top 40 (Pop Songs) radio chart.


title: Jamaal Bowman

text: Jamaal Bowman (born April 1, 1976) is an American educator and political activist. He is the Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 16th congressional district since 2021.


title: Jamaal Bowman

text: He was the Democratic nominee in the 2020 elections for the U.S. House, defeating incumbent Eliot Engel.


title: Jamaal Bowman

text: He is a former principal and founder of the Cornerstone Academy for Social Action, a public middle school in The Bronx.


title: Jamaal Bowman

text: His congressional campaign against Engel was compared to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's primary challenge against Joe Crowley. Bowman's campaign was supported by Ocasio-Cortez, Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, and the editorial board of "The New York Times". He defeated Engel in the primary.


title: First defenestration of Prague

text: The First defenestration of Prague happened on July 30, 1419. It marks the beginning of the Hussite wars. Jan Hus had been burnt at the stake, at the Council of Constance four years earlier. On July 30, Hussites stormed the Prague town hall, to free other Hussites who had been captured.


title: First defenestration of Prague

text: At the event, ten people were thrown out of the window: the mayor, two councillors, an aide of the judge, five elders, and a serf. Falling out of the window did not kill them. The crowd used blunt weapons to kill those that had fallen. One councillor died while he was being tortured. Jan Želivský had planned the uprising. In 1960, a statue was put in front of the town hall to commemorate Jan Želivský.


title: Blanquette de Limoux

text: According to a text at a local abbey, Livy praised the wines from Limoux, which were not sparkling wines at the time.


title: Blanquette de Limoux

text: Benedictine monks of the abbey of Saint Hilaire found out how to make sparkling wine from white wine.


title: Blanquette de Limoux

text: Dom Pérignon brought back the method of making sparkling wines to his abbey in Champagne, at the end of the 16th century.


title: Control variable

text: A control variable is something in an experiment that is kept the same. Having control variables means that the experiment will be a fair test.


title: Kaira

text: Kaira (; Altai: "Кайра", ) is the king of the gods and ruler of the universe in Turkic and Altai mythologies. He is the god of creation and the creator of everything.


title: Kaira

text: Kaira sits on the 17th floor of sky and determines the fate of the universe. He created the other gods. He existed before the creation of the universe. He planted a tree with nine boughes. This tree connects the sky and earth and nine human races are descended from the tree. His sons are "Ulgan", "Kyzaghan" and "Mergen".


title: Kaira

text: In ancient Turkic beliefs, Kaira is a white goose that flies over an endless water. Ak Ana (white mother) appears and tells him to create. Kaira is the biggest and the strongest of all the gods. So he creates the earth.


title: Myles Munroe

text: Myles Munroe, (20 April 1954 - 9 November 2014) was a Bahamian Evangelical Christian evangelist and ordained Pentecostal minister. He founded and led the Bahamas Faith Ministries International (BFMI) and Myles Munroe International (MMI). Munroe also wrote many books about his faith.


title: Myles Munroe

text: Munroe died with his wife, daughter, and 6 others in a private plane crash on 9 November 2014, aged 60.


title: Deputy

text: A deputy is a person who helps someone do their job when they are not there. "Deputy" is a rank or title. It usually refers to someone who is "second-in-command". For example: a "Deputy Master" is someone who will take over the responsibilities of the Master when the Master is not there. A "deputy conductor" will conduct an orchestra when the main (principal) conductor is not there. It is similar to an "assistant". Someone who is working as a deputy will deputize (stand in for someone else).


title: Kid Cosmic

text: Kid Cosmic also known as "The Super Mighty King Man, Untitled Nutri Ventures standalone series" is an American animated action-comedy adventure superhero streaming television series that aired on Netflix from February 2, 2021 to February 3, 2022 . as a 7th animated series of the "Powerpuffsploitation Saga," followed by upcoming reboot of "Dexter's Laboratory." that show was a unofficial spinoff of the 2016 PPG reboot series and a unrelated series called "Bob Boyle's Nutri Ventures." It was possible alleged that a pseudo-spinoff titled "Kid Cosmic" (a.k.a. "Nutri Ventures 2" or "The Super Mighty King Man") was produced in 2020, though the plot throughout mentions Theo or <nowiki>"</nowiki>Tam<nowiki>"</nowiki> King Man-Angelo gets shot by the aliens and the helicopters to destroys the saucers and explodes and runs away from the original second English dub show. Nutri Ventures was going originally aired in Cartoon Network Studios was rejected due the legal rights issues but it's similar named to "Adventure Time" but replaced by Lionsgate Television instead, the animated series is built as a stand-alone non-canon project despite casting Cathy Cavadini and Tara Strong also in Nutri Ventures, Elizabeth Daily going to voiced Lena before fired was turned down.


title: Deputy

text: Sometimes other terms are used such as "vice". A vice-president will take over the responsibilities of the president when he (or she) is not there or is ill.


title: Kid Cosmic

text: Additional voices include, Keith Ferguson, Kari Wahlgren, Cree Summer, Cathy Cavadini, Tara Strong, Elizabeth Daily, Jill Talley, Cheri Oteri, April Winchell, Laura Bailey, Travis Willingham, Toks Olangundoye, Jack McBrayer, Ike Amadi, Andy Bean, Kari Wahlgren, Jennifer Hale, Bobby Moynihan, Piotr Michael. also the deleted characters from "Nutri Ventures" in the flashback is were mention in the another show features Theo/Tam was voiced by Jeff Fischer originally Cam Clarke, Lena was voiced by Erika Lindbeck and Ben Giancarlo voiced by Brianne Siddall, all other various characters were silent this universe.


title: Joey Essex

text: Joey Don Essex (born 29 July 1990) is an English television personality and DJ for Sugar Hut, a nightclub in Brentwood, Essex. He rose to fame in 2011 after appearing in the ITV2 television series "The Only Way Is Essex". Essex and his sister Frankie left the show in 2013, although his cousin Chloe remains on it. In 2013, Essex took part in the first series of the celebrity diving show "Splash!" and the thirteenth series of "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!", where he finished in fourth place. In 2015, he won the Channel 4 reality series "The Jump".


title: Freehold (law)

text: In property law, a freehold (also called frank-tenement) is the ownership of real property. This includes land and everything that naturally comes with it, such as buildings, trees and natural resources. Freehold is different to a leasehold, in which the property is kept by the owner of the land after the lease has expired. Ownership of a freehold estate is indefinite amount of time.


title: 2020 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection

text: This article listed possible candidates for the Democratic nomination for Vice President of the United States in the 2020 election.


title: Joey Essex

text: Essex is at least an ex-social smoker. This picture was taken, and published on the Metro Website on 3rd November 2011.


text: Former Vice President Joe Biden, the presumptive nominee for President of the United States, will choose his running mate at some point before the 2020 Democratic National Convention.


text: Biden promised to select a woman, which make it the third time in United States history that the vice presidential nominee of a major party has been a woman, after Geraldine Ferraro (1984) and Sarah Palin (2008).


text: Vetting is the process of beginning to search and or hire a person for an important job. In this case, vetting is the process of Biden's campaign looking for a running mate. The Biden campaign was reported to have begun the vetting process of potential running mates in May 2020. In July 2020, Biden said that "I am not committed to naming any but the people I've named, and among them are four Black women".


text: At first, Biden hoped to announce his running mate the week of August 5, 2020, however his campaign has pushed the announcement date to before the DNC Convention would start, which would be August 16 or before. "The New York Times" reported on August 10, that an announcement of who Biden picked as his running mate will happen either August 11 or August 12.


text: His running mate vetting process has been criticized for Biden's campaign alleged "blatant disrespectful" treatment towards black women and sexism.


text: On June 26, 2020, CNN and "The Washington Post" reported that the following five individuals were the leading candidates for the nomination. On July 29, just a week before Biden's planned announcement, "The Hill" reported that Karen Bass, Harris, Rice, and Warren had emerged as the "top tier" of candidates. On August 2, CNN reported that Tammy Duckworth and Gretchen Whitmer were also still under consideration.


text: The following six individuals were originally cited to have begun undergoing vetting by the Biden campaign in May or June 2020, but it is uncertain whether they have moved on to further stages in subsequent months or not.


text: Following the George Floyd protests, Amy Klobuchar was criticized for her lack of prosecution of police misconduct during her tenure, including a case involving the officer accused of murdering Floyd. On June 18, she announced that she had removed herself from consideration and urged for Biden to select a woman of color.


text: The following individuals publicly confirmed that they had declined to be vetted by the Biden campaign.


title: Wet boxer contest

text: The wet boxer-short contest is a beauty contest between men in their underwear. It is a lot like a wet t-shirt contest that shows women. However, unlike a wet T-shirt contest the water used is warm instead of cold. The contests are often considered degrading for women due to sexism, however they are not for men and are instead considered comical.


title: Poisson's ratio

text: Poisson's ratio (letter "v") is a measure of the contraction that happens when an object is stretched. It is named after Siméon Denis Poisson. This contraction is perpendicular to the stretching force. It can also expand as the object is compressed in a perpendicular direction.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: King's College is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge, England. It is a very famous college because it is very old and it has a world-famous choir.


title: Sachet d'épices

text: A sachet d'épices is a small cheesecloth sack containing herbs and spices. It is used to add flavor to stocks, soups and sauces. It means "small bag of spices" in French.


title: The Emperor's New School

text: The Emperor's New School is an animated television series based on the Disney animated movie "The Emperor's New Groove". It focuses on Kuzco studying for school. It ran from 2006 to 2008 on Disney Channel.


title: Poisson's ratio

text: For example, if a block is being stretched as shown in the image to the right, the equation for the poisson's ratio will be:


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: The college was founded in 1441. Its full name is "The King's College of Our Lady and St. Nicholas in Cambridge". The students at the university usually just call it "King's".


title: Sachet d'épices

text: It is often simply called a "sachet". It is used like a "bouquet garni", but a sachet's ingredients are inside a cheesecloth while a "bouquet garni" is not. This means that spices such as whole peppercorns and dried herbs, which cannot be used in a "bouquet garni", can go in a sachet.


title: Poisson's ratio

text: Poisson's ratio ranges from 0.0-0.5 for common materials, though for materials with certain structures, can be as low as -1. A material with a Poisson's ratio close to 0 (like cork) can be stretched a lot in the axial direction without changing much at all in the transverse, where as pulling on a material with a high Poisson's ratio (like rubber) will cause it to become much more narrow. A material with a negative Poisson's ratio will expand in all directions as it is stretched.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: King's was founded in 1441 by King Henry VI. At first the college was going to be quite small, but by 1445 the college was going to be a magnificent building to show how important the king was. The king gave the college a lot of money for several feudal privileges.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: King Henry VI had admired what William of Wykeham had done when founding the twin colleges of New College, Oxford and Winchester College in 1379. He copied a lot of Wykeham's ideas when building King's and Eton College. These colleges still have the same tie as part of their uniform.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Originally, the college was just for boys from Eton College. It was not until 1865 that other people could study there. King's does not have any strong connection now with Eton, although there is still a scholarship for a student from Eton to study at King's.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Although building began in 1441, the project was interrupted by wars and it was not until 1544 that the inside was finished.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Henry VI is still remembered at the College: each year, on the Saturday after the end of Autumn Term (which in Cambridge is called the "Michaelmas term"), is Founder's Day. It begins with a service in the chapel: the "Founder's Eucharist". This is followed by a Founder's Breakfast with ale and finally a big dinner called "Founder's Feast" to which all members of College in their last year of studies are invited.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: The College Chapel is built in the style of late Gothic architecture. It was built over a period of a hundred years (1446–1531) in three stages. The Chapel has the world's largest fan vault, stained glass windows, and the painting ""The Adoration of the Magi"" by Rubens.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Many concerts and college events take place here. The world-famous Chapel choir consists of choral scholars (male students from the college) and choristers (boys educated at the nearby King's College School). The choir sings services on most days in term-time, and also performs concerts and makes recordings and broadcasts. Every Christmas it sings the service called Nine Lessons and Carols which is shown on BBC television as well as heard on the radio.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: The Chapel is so famous that it is seen as a symbol of Cambridge, and appears on the logo of the city council.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Nearly all subjects that can be studied at Cambridge can be studied at King's. There is a big library which includes some rare books and manuscripts.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Traditionally students have come from independent schools (so-called "public schools"), but today the college has gradually started to include many students from state schools.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: As with all Cambridge colleges King's has its own student unions both for undergraduates and for graduates.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: The student union has a long record of activism. In the 1980s a long strike against the college's investment in apartheid South Africa was organised.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: The Cellar Bar is a small room in the basement of the college, which is used for music. The main bar at King's is far older. The bar has been traditionally painted a socialist red, including a picture of a hammer and sickle. In 2004 it was redecorated, with the walls painted yellow and the overall décor lightened. A hammer and sickle survives in a frame on the wall. There is a lot of argument about this. King's also has a Coffee Shop next to the bar. A Vacation Bar, or "vac bar", also is sometimes open during the summer vacation, run by (and mainly for) the graduate students who stay in College throughout the year.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Most Cambridge colleges celebrate May Week with a May Ball (which actually falls in June), but since the early 1980s King's has instead held a June Event (a more informal version of a May Ball) which they call King's Affair. The reason they have a different event from other colleges is because many students who were not invited used to forced their way into the party (so-called "gatecrashing"). A ticket usually costs around £60 which is cheap compared to the May Ball tickets for other colleges which can cost up to £200.


title: King's College, Cambridge

text: Once someone has been admitted to the College, they become a member for life. For this reason, King's alumni (people who used to go there) are referred to as 'Non Resident Members'.


title: Vera Bergkamp

text: Vera Alida Bergkamp (born 1 June 1971) is a Dutch politician. She is a member of Democrats 66 (D66) and has been president of the House of Representatives since April 2021.


title: Vera Bergkamp

text: Bergkamp studied human resource management at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences and public administration and political science at the Free University Amsterdam.


title: Vera Bergkamp

text: She had several jobs in the field of organization and management, among other things as a human resource manager at the Social Insurance Bank. Besides, she was chairwoman of LGBT rights organization COC Netherlands.


title: Vera Bergkamp

text: On 20 September 2012, she was sworn in into the House of Representatives. As an MP she is engaged in long-term care, COVID-19, regulation of hemp cultivation, and family law, especially LGBT rights.


title: Vera Bergkamp

text: On 7 April 2021, she was elected president of the House of Representatives, defeating incumbent president Khadija Arib (Labour Party) and challenger Martin Bosma (Party for Freedom).


title: Vera Bergkamp

text: Vera Bergkamp is from paternal side of Moroccan origin and was born and is still living in Amsterdam. She is a lesbian and married to a woman; together they two daughters.


title: Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

text: Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig (born in Edinburgh, Scotland on 19 June 1861, died in London on 29 January 1928) was a British Army general in World War I.


title: Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

text: He was the senior commander of the British forces in France from 1915 until the end of the war. Most notably, he led them during the Battle of the Somme, the Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele), the Spring Offensive and the final Hundred Days Offensive.


title: Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

text: Historians have often argued over whether Haig was a good general. In the years after the war, he was popular. After his death, some historians and politicians wrote books criticising Haig. They argued he made mistakes that led to a lot of casualties among British troops, especially at the Somme and Passchendaele; he has been nicknamed 'Butcher Haig' or 'the Butcher of the Somme'. David Lloyd George, the Prime Minister during the later years of the war, also did not agree with Haig. One of the best known books criticising Haig was Alan Clark's book "The Donkeys" (1961). This is known as the 'lions led by donkeys' view: the idea that Britain had great soldiers but bad generals.


title: Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

text: All the same, some veterans, and academic historians have argued that Haig was a great general. For example, John Bourne notes that Haig helped the army use new weapons and technology. John Terraine argues that while the British Army lost a lot of men, this is not surprising given the size of the fighting, and other countries lost far more. Likewise, Gordon Corrigan argues that as a percentage of the population, Britain lost half as many people in the war as France and Germany.


title: Transistor–transistor logic

text: Transistor–Transistor Logic (TTL) is a class of digital circuits built from transistors and resistors. It is called "transistor–transistor logic" because the logic function (e.g., AND) and amplification is performed by transistors. Many integrated circuits have TTL technology. They are used in applications such as computers, industrial controls, test equipment and instrumentation, synthesizers, etc.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: Steven Peter Devereux Smith (born 2 June 1989) is an Australian international cricketer and former captain of the Australian national team.


title: The Gabba

text: The Brisbane Cricket Ground, commonly known as the Gabba, is a major sports stadium in Brisbane, the capital of Queensland, Australia. It has hosted many different sports including athletics, Australian rules football, baseball, concerts, cricket, cycling, rugby league, rugby union, soccer and pony and greyhound racing. From October to March, the stadium hosts cricket matches. The Queensland cricket team and the Brisbane Heat play home matches at the stadium. It is also the home ground of the Brisbane Lions during the Australian Football League (AFL) season.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: , Smith is the top-ranked Test batsman in the world, according to the ICC Player Rankings. On 30 December 2017 he reached a Test batting rating of 947, the second-highest of all time only behind Don Bradman's 961. He is regarded as one of the best batsmen in the world. He plays for New South Wales and Sydney Sixers in domestic cricket.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: Although he was initially selected for Australia as a right-arm leg spinner, Smith now plays primarily as a batsman. After a few tests in 2010 and 2011, he has been a regular player in the Australian team since 2013, and took over captaincy from Michael Clarke in late 2015. Since then he has primarily batted at number 4.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: Awards he has won include the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy (ICC Cricketer of the Year) in 2015; ICC Test Player of the Year in 2015, 2017; the Allan Border Medal for the best player in Australian Cricket in 2015, 2018; Australian Test Player of the Year: 2015, 2018 and Australian One Day International Player of the Year: 2015. He was named by "Wisden" as one of their Cricketers of the Year for 2015. In 2014, Martin Crowe described Smith as one of the young "Fab Four" of Test Cricket along with Joe Root, Kane Williamson and Virat Kohli.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: In March 2018, Smith was widely criticised for overseeing ball tampering in the third Test against South Africa. Following an investigation by Cricket Australia, Smith was banned from all international and domestic cricket for one year, and will not be considered for a leadership role for another year after that.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: Smith was born in Sydney to an Australian father, Peter, who has a degree in chemistry and works with pigments and waxes, and an English mother, Gillian.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: In March 2018, Smith was widely criticised for overseeing ball tampering in the third Test against South Africa.


title: Steve Smith (cricketer)

text: Following an investigation by Cricket Australia, Smith was banned from international cricket for 12 months, and will not be considered for a leadership role for 12 months after that.


title: Darya Dugina

text: Darya Aleksandrovna Dugina (; 15 December 1992 – 20 August 2022), also known as Daria Platonova (), was a Russian journalist and political activist. She was the daughter of Aleksandr Dugin, a far-right political philosopher. She was known for being a strong supporter of Vladimir Putin she shared.


title: Darya Dugina

text: Dugina was also a supporter of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. She believed that the war crimes against Ukrainian civilians by the Russian army during the invasion were staged, resulting her assassination on August 20, 2022.


title: Darya Dugina

text: Dugina was assassinated on 20 August 2022, when her Toyota Land Cruiser car exploded on Mozhayskoye Shosse in the settlement of Bolshiye Vyazyomy outside Moscow around 9:45 p.m. local time. She was 29 years old.


title: Transhumanism

text: Transhumanism is a cultural movement that thinks that humans could benefit from technology (mostly the biological type) that improves the condition of life. It seeks to find a solution to aging, disease, and death (especially of the natural variety) by making use of such technology.


title: Orly Airport

text: Orly Airport is a large airport in France. It is in the outskirts of Paris. In 2017, it handled 32,042,475 passengers.


title: PlayStation Network

text: The PlayStation Network is where you can sign up for free to play games. At one time hackers shut down the network, but later PlayStation Network returned online.


title: C-pop

text: C-pop is short for Chinese popular music (). Most of today's C-pop artists are from Hong Kong, Taiwan and mainland China, as well as from other countries where Mandarin or Cantonese languages are used, such as Singapore and Malaysia. However, Taiwanese music has some origins from the Japanese enka so Taiwanese pop is sometimes said to be a different genre from C-Pop.


title: C-pop

text: Cantonese pop, or colloquially known as Cantopop, is a subgenre of C-pop, sung in Cantonese language. Most Hong Kong-born singers start off as Cantonese pop singers before starting a career as a Mandarin pop singer. Cantonese pop artists include:


title: C-pop

text: In the early 1990s, many major Cantonese pop stars (such as Alan Tam, Leslie Cheung, Samuel Hui, Priscilla Chan and Joseph Koo) decided to retire because of the protests in China in 1989. Cantonese pop needed new talent to fill the gaps left by these retired stars, this led to the beginning of "the Four Heavenly Kings" or "四大天王" ("lit." Four Great Kings of Heaven): Jacky Jeung, Andy Lau, Aaron Kwok and Leon Lai. They were dominating the media in all forms, from magazines, TV, cinema to music.


title: C-pop

text: Mandarin pop () is a subgenre of C-pop. Also known as Mandopop and Mandapop, Mandarin pop songs are performed in Mandarin. Most Cantonese pop stars also expand their music career into the Mandarin pop scene.


title: Vaquita

text: Vaquita ("Phocoena sinus") is a rare type of porpoise. It lives only in the Gulf of California. It is the world's smallest cetacean and most endangered marine mammal. The Vaquita is listed as Critically Endangered by the International Union of Conservation of Nature. Forty years ago, the Vaquita population was estimated to have 1000 living individuals. Current research has shown that from 1990 to now (2021), the population has dropped from close to 500 individuals down to 20 or less. The species is most under threat from illegal fishing activities that are taking place in the Gulf; ongoing bycatch in gillnets used to catch shrimp and to poach the endangered totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi). This species requires a 9-month maternal care period for newborns after birth. Without their mothers, newborns will not be able to survive. Therefore, the loss of a female mother vaquita results in an additional loss of their newborn.


title: Vaquita

text: Vaquita have a dark coloring around the eyes and mouth. The upper side of the body is medium to dark gray. The underside is off-white to light gray. It has a rather large fin on its back for its size.


title: Vaquita

text: The Vaquita is the smallest type of porpoise in the world, growing up to 5 feet long and weighing up to 120 pounds.


title: Vaquita

text: They live alone or in small groups, usually of about three, but sometimes they live in groups of up to ten.


title: Vaquita

text: Rodríguez-Félix. (2021). Viability of the vaquita, Phocoena sinus (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) population, threatened by poaching of Totoaba macdonaldi (Perciformes: Sciaenidae). Revista de Biología Tropical., 69(2), 588–600. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v69i2.45475</nowiki>


title: Kim Dotcom

text: Kim Dotcom (born Kim Schmitz; 21 January 1974), also known as Kimble and Kim Tim Jim Vestor, is a German-Finnish Internet entrepreneur and political activist. He lives in Queenstown, New Zealand. Dotcom is the founder of the former file hosting service Megaupload (2005–2012). In 2012, the United States Department of Justice seized Megaupload and pressed charges against Dotcom. The charges included criminal copyright infringement, money laundering, racketeering and wire fraud. His house was raided and New Zealand police arrested him. Dotcom posted bail, and is now going through long legal issues to stop himself from being extradited to the United States. He started another service, Mega, in 2013. He left Mega in 2015.


title: Kim Dotcom

text: Dotcom started and funded the New Zealand political party, the Internet Party in 2014. The party's registration was cancelled in 2018.


title: Kim Dotcom

text: Dotcom was born in Kiel, West Germany. His mother was Finnish, and his father was German. He changed his surname from "Schmitz" to "Dotcom" in 2005. He has been married twice, and has five children.


title: Best Buy

text: Best Buy is an American multinational consumer electronics retailer with its headquarters in Richfield, Minnesota. It is the largest consumer electronics retailer in the United States.


title: Battle of Puebla

text: The Battle of Puebla took place on 5 May 1862, near Puebla City in Mexico. It was part of  the "Second French intervention in Mexico". The Mexican Army won over the occupying French soldiers.


title: Battle of Puebla

text: The French eventually overran the Mexicans in other battles. However, the Mexican victory at Puebla against a much better equipped and larger French army gave a morale boost to the Mexican army. It  also slowed the French army's advance towards Mexico City.


title: Battle of Puebla

text: The 1858–60 Mexican civil war (known as the "Reform War") caused major distress in Mexico's economy. When he was elected president in 1861, Benito Juárez was forced to stop payments of interest on foreign debts for two years.


title: Battle of Puebla

text: At the end of October 1861 diplomats from Spain, France, and Britain met in London to form the Tripartite Alliance. The main purpose of this alliance was to launch an allied invasion of Mexico, to take control of Veracruz, its major port. The idea was to force the Mexican government to negotiate terms for repaying its debts and for reparations for harm to foreign citizens in Mexico. In December 1861, Spanish troops landed in Veracruz; British and French followed in early January.


title: Battle of Puebla

text: The allied forces occupied Veracruz and advanced to Orizaba. The Tripartite Alliance fell apart by early April 1862, when it became clear the French wanted to impose harsh demands on the Juarez government and provoke a war. The British and Spanish withdrew, leaving the French to march alone on Mexico City. Napoleon III wanted to set up a puppet Mexican regime.


title: Ukrainian Americans

text: A Ukrainian American is a citizen of the United States with ancestors from Ukraine. There have been Ukrainian people living in North America since the early 1600s. There are about one million Ukrainian Americans and many live in the North East and the West of the United States, in states like New York, Pennsylvania, California, New Jersey, Illinois and Washington.


title: Ukrainian Americans

text: The number of Ukrainians in the United States is 354,832. There are 408,504 people who identify as Ukrainian. Many of them were born in the United States. Only about 20% are actual immigrants. About a third of people of Ukrainian origin speak Ukrainian. Almost 143 thousand (15%) use it in everyday life.


title: Mohammed Burhanuddin

text: Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin () (Abul-Qaid Johar Mohammed Burhanuddin) (6 March 1915 – 17 January 2014) was an Indian Islamic religious leader. He is the 52nd Dai of the Dawoodi Bohras. The Dawoodi Bohras are a sub group within the Mustaali, Ismaili Shia branch of Islam.


title: Nasrollah Radesh

text: Radesh held his first sculpture exhibition at Aliha Gallery and second sculpture exhibition at Lilit Gallery called Sooratak, and expressed his interest in sculpture last few years, which he influenced his acting.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: Michael Howe (1787 – 21 October 1818) was a famous bushranger in Tasmania, Australia. He called himself the "Lieutenant Governor of the Woods". He kept a written record of his thoughts in a book he called "The Journal of Dreams".


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: Howe was born in Pontefract, Yorkshire, in 1787. He joined the merchant navy at Hull. After a short while he ran away and joined the Royal Navy. He deserted (left without permission) the navy after two years. He had his own small boat and carried coal. In 1811 Howe was arrested at York and charged with highway robbery. He was sentenced to seven years in Van Diemen's Land.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: Howe arrived in Hobart on October on the convict ship "Indefatigable". He was sent to work for John Ingle, who had once been the Supervisor of Convicts. He was now a farmer and merchant. Howe soon escaped and went into the bush. He joined up with a large group of escaped convicts who had become bushrangers (robbers). The gang of 28 was led by John Whitehead. It included two soldiers (who had deserted) and two aboriginal women.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: The bushrangers robbed a lot of houses and farms around New Norfolk. On April 25, 1815, the gang went to the house of a Mr.Carlisle. Carlisle and his friends went out to stop the gang from stealing a boat. Carlisle was shot dead, and his neighbour, Mr.O'Birne, was badly wounded. O'Birne died a few days later. The gang returned to New Norfolk in May 1815, to rob more houses. They met a group of soldiers and John Whitehead was shot and killed. To claim a reward for killing a bushranger, the body had to be identified. To stop people from claiming a reward for their capture, Howe and Whitehead had made a promise to each other. This would be to cut the head off whoever was killed first so no one would know who it was. As soon as Whitehead was shot, his head was cut off by Howe and hidden in the bush.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: After Whitehead's death, Howe became leader of the gang of bushrangers. He set up the gang as if they were on board a ship. Gang members could be punished if they broke the gang's rules. Punishment included having to cut and carry firewood, and even included being lashed (whipped). Howe would read to them from the Bible. He wrote letters to Governor Davey. In 1816 he signed the letters as "Lieutentant Governor of the Woods." In 1817 he began calling himself the "Governor of the Ranges." He was living with an aboriginal woman, called "Black Mary." Members of the gang were known to be James Garry, Peter Septon, George Jones, Richard Colier, John Chapman, Thomas Coyne, James Parker, Mathew Kegan, John Brown and Nenis Curry. The gang continued to rob people at Green Point, Coal River, and Bagdad.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: In 1817, Howe wrote to Governor William Sorell and offered to give himself up in return for a free pardon (not be put in gaol for any crimes). He offered to tell the government where all the gang members could be found. He was put into Hobart gaol while he was being questioned about the gang. He escaped while being taken for a walk through Hobart to get fresh air. He went back and rejoined the gang. Governor Lachlan Macquarie in Sydney stopped the pardon, and told Sorell to put more effort in to capture Howe. Sorell offered money, a free pardon and a return to England for anyone that captured Howe.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: The hunt for the bushrangers became more organized. John Chapman and a man called Elliot were shot dead by the soldiers in 1817. A gang member called Hillier cut Peter Septon's head off to claim a reward. He also tried to cut off Richard Colier's head. Both men were hurt in the struggle. Hillier was taken to Sydney where he was executed by hanging. Colier was executed in Hobart on March 26, 1818. In April, 1818, a group of convicts tried to steal a government boat. They were going to rescue Howe and take him to America. John Brown, James Parker, Thomas Coyne and Mathew Kegan gave themselves up to the military. They were all taken to Newcastle, New South Wales where they were given the lash (whipped) and sent to gaol.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: In September 1818, a group came from Sydney to join in the hunt for Howe. They wanted the reward. One member of the group was the famous aboriginal tracker, Mosquito. They nearly caught him. They did get his guns and his knapsack (a backpack). In the knapsack they found his ""Journal of Dreams"". It was a book made from kangaroo skin and Howe had written in it using kangaroo blood as ink. In it Howe wrote about his fear of being killed by the aborigines, his dreams of his sister, and lists of vegetables and flowers he would grow in a house in the forest. As he escaped, Howe thought Black Mary was slowing him down, so he tried to shoot her.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: On October 10, Howe was captured by two people he knew and trusted, Watts and Drewe. He managed to untie himself and stabbed Watts and shot Drewe dead. Watts died later from the injuries. On October 21, 1818, Black Mary led another two men, a convict, Thomas Worrall, and a soldier, William Pugh, to where Howe was hiding near the Shannon River. Worrall had been a sailor who had been sent to Van Diemen's Land for his part in the naval mutiny at the Nore (mouth of the Thames) in 1797. He wanted the reward so he could be free and return to England. All the men shot at each other, but after a fierce fight, Pugh and Worrall bashed Howe to death with their muskets (guns).


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: Howe was buried by the river, but his head was taken back to Hobart where it was put on public display.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

text: Much of the information comes from a book by Governor Sorell's secretary, Thomas Wells. The book was called "Michael Howe, the Last and Worst of the Bushrangers of Van Diemen's Land" and printed in 1818 in Hobart. This was the first work of general literature printed in Australia.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Sergei Mikhailovich Eisenstein (; January 23, 1898 – February 11, 1948) was a Soviet Russian movie director and movie theorist. He was known mostly for his silent movies "Strike", "The Battleship Potemkin" and "". He was also known for his historical epics "Alexander Nevsky" and "Ivan the Terrible". His work had a major impact on early movie directors because of his creative use of and writings about montage.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein was born in Riga, Latvia but his family moved a lot in his early years. Eisenstein continued to move often during his life. Eisenstein's father Mikhail Osipovich Eisenstein was of German-Jewish and Swedish descent and his mother, Julia Ivanovna Konetskaya, was from a Russian Orthodox family. He was born into a middle-class family. His father was an architect and his mother was the daughter of a wealthy merchant. Julia left Riga the year of the 1905 Revolution. She brought Sergei with her to St. Petersburg. Sergei would return at times to see his father. His father would later move to join them around 1910. His mother soon divorced his father and moved to France away from the family.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: At the Petrograd Institute of Civil Engineering, Sergei studied architecture and engineering, the job of his father. At school with his fellow students however, Sergei would join the military to serve the revolution. His father did not support his joining the army. In 1918 Sergei joined the Red Army with his father, Mikhail, supporting the opposite side. This brought his father to Germany after defeat, and Sergei to Petrograd, Vologda, and Dvinsk. In 1920, Sergei was transferred to a command position in Minsk, after success providing propaganda for the October Revolution. At this time, Sergei studied Japanese. He learned some three hundred kanji characters which he cited as an influence on his pictorial development. This also allowed him to see Kabuki theatre. Because of his studies, he traveled to Japan.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: In 1920 Eisenstein moved to Moscow, and began his career in theatre working for Proletkult. His productions there were named "Gas Masks," "Listen Moscow," and "Wiseman". Eisenstein would then work as a designer for Vsevolod Meyerhold. In 1923 Eisenstein began his career as a theorist, by writing "The Montage of Attractions" for LEF. Eisenstein's first movie, "Glumov's Diary", was also made in that same year. Dziga Vertov hired at first as an "instructor" for the film The movie formed part of his theatre production "Wiseman".


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: "Strike" (1925) was Eisenstein's first full-length movie. "The Battleship Potemkin" (1925) was well liked by critics throughout the world. Because he was known throughout the world, Eisenstein was able to direct "" (also known as "Ten Days That Shook The World"). The movie was part of the tenth anniversary celebration of the October Revolution of 1917. He then directed "The General Line" (also known as "Old and New"). People in the outside world praised the movies. However, in the Soviet Union, Eisenstein's focus on structural issues such as camera angles, crowd movements and montage, was not liked by the much of the Soviet movie community.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: In the autumn of 1928, Eisenstein left the Soviet Union for a tour of Europe. He was joined by Grigori Aleksandrov and cinematographer Eduard Tisse. The trip was supposed to allow Eisenstein and others to learn about sound motion pictures. It would also show the famous Soviet artists to the capitalist West. For Eisenstein, however, it was also an opportunity to see landscapes and cultures outside those found within the Soviet Union. He spent the next two years touring and lecturing in Berlin, Zurich, London, and Paris. In 1929, in Switzerland, Eisenstein supervised an educational documentary about abortion directed by Edouard Tissé entitled "Frauennot - Frauenglück".


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: In late April 1930, Jesse L. Lasky, working for Paramount Pictures, offered Eisenstein the chance to make a movie in the United States. He accepted a short-term contract for $100,000 and arrived in Hollywood in May 1930. However, this agreement failed. Eisenstein's approach to filmmaking did not work with the style and way movies were made in American movie studios.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein proposed a biography of munitions invester Sir Basil Zaharoff and a movie version of "Arms and the Man" by George Bernard Shaw. He also made plans for a movie of "Sutter's Gold" by Jack London. But the studio's producers did not like the plan. Paramount then proposed a movie version of Theodore Dreiser's "An American Tragedy". This excited Eisenstein, who had read and liked the work, and had met Dreiser at one time in Moscow. Eisenstein completed a script by the start of October 1930. Paramount disliked it completely. They also found themselves intimidated by Major Frank Pease, president of the "Hollywood Technical Director's Institute". Pease, an anti-communist, started a public campaign against Eisenstein. On October 23, 1930, Paramount and Eisenstein declared their contract canceled. Eisenstein and his movie partners were given return tickets to Moscow, at Paramount's expense.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein was faced with returning home as a failure. The Soviet movie industry was solving the sound-movie issue without him and his movies. His methods and ideas were becoming increasingly attacked as 'ideological failures'. They were called examples of formalism. Many of his theoretical articles from this period, such as "Eisenstein on Disney", have been found decades later as important scholarly texts. These are used in movie schools around the world.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein spent a large amount of time with Charlie Chaplin. Chaplin recommended that Eisenstein meet American socialist author Upton Sinclair who Chaplin thought might help Eisenstein. Sinclair's works had been accepted by and were widely read in the Soviet Union, and were known to Eisenstein. The two liked each other's work. Between the end of October 1930, and Thanksgiving of that year, Sinclair had gotten an extension of Eisenstein's leave from the Soviet Union. He also received permission for Eisenstein to travel to Mexico to make a movie to be produced by Sinclair and his wife, Mary Craig Kimbrough Sinclair. They joined with three other investors to make the Mexican Film Trust.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: On November 24, Eisenstein signed a contract with the Trust. The deal was "upon the basis of Eisenstein's desire to be free to direct the making of a picture according to his own ideas of what a Mexican picture should be, and in full faith in Eisenstein's artistic integrity." The contract also said that the movie would be "non-political." The money first came from Mrs. Sinclair and would be "not less than Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars." The schedule for making the movie would be "a period of from three to four months,". The contract also said that "Eisenstein...agrees that all pictures made or directed by him in Mexico, all negative film and positive prints, and all story and ideas embodied in said Mexican picture, will be the property of Mrs. Sinclair..." An addition to the contract, dated December 1, allowed that the "Soviet Government may have the [finished] movie free for showing inside the U.S.S.R." Reportedly, it was verbally decided that the movie was expected to be an hour long.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: By December 4, 1930, Eisenstein was on his way to Mexico by train. He was joined by Alexandrov and Tisse. Later he came up with a short summary of the six-part movie which would come. This would be the final plan Eisenstein would settle on for his project. The title for the project, "¡Que viva México!", was decided on some time later. While in Mexico, Eisenstein mixed socially with Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera. Eisenstein liked these artists and Mexican culture in general. They inspired Eisenstein to call his movies, "moving frescoes."


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: After a long time away from the Soviet Union, Stalin sent a telegram saying he was worried that Eisenstein had become a deserter. Eisenstein blamed Mary Sinclair's younger brother, Hunter Kimbrough, for the film's problems. Kimbrough had been sent along to act as a line producer on the movie. Eisenstein hoped to pressure the Sinclairs to stop Stalin, so Eisenstein could finish the movie in his own way.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: The upset Sinclair shut down production. He ordered Kimbrough to return to the United States with the remaining movie footage. The three Soviets came as well to see what they could do with the movie already shot. For the unfinished filming of the "novel" of Soldadera, Eisenstein had gotten 500 soldiers, 10,000 guns, and 50 cannons from the Mexican Army. This was lost due to Sinclair's canceling of production.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: When Eisenstein arrived at the American border, a customs search of his trunk revealed sketches and drawings of Jesus along with other material of a pornographic nature. Eisenstein's re-entry visa had expired, and Sinclair's contacts in Washington were unable to secure him an additional extension. Eisenstein, Alexandrov and Tisse were, after a month's stay at the U.S.-Mexico border outside Laredo, Texas, allowed a 30-day "pass" to get from Texas to New York. From there, they would be allowed to leave for Moscow. Kimbrough returned to Los Angeles with the remaining movie.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein toured the American South, on his way to New York. In mid-1932, the Sinclairs were able to get the services of Sol Lesser. Lesser had just opened his own distribution office in New York, Principal Distributing Corp.. Lesser agreed to supervise post-production work on the miles of negative — at the Sinclairs' expense — and distribute any finished product. Two short movies and a short subject — "Thunder Over Mexico" based on the "Maguey" footage, "Eisenstein in Mexico", and "Death Day" respectively — were completed and released in the United States between the autumn of 1933 and early 1934.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein never saw any of the Sinclair-Lesser movies, nor a later effort by his first biographer, Marie Seton, called "Time In The Sun." He would publicly say that he had lost all interest in the project.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein's trip to the west made the Soviet movie business look at him with a suspicion that would never completely go away. He apparently spent some time in a mental hospital in Kislovodsk in July 1933. This was possibly a result of depression because he realized that he would never be allowed to edit the Mexican footage which was turned over by Sinclair to Hollywood editors.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: He was then given a teaching job with the movie school GIK (now Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography) where he had taught before. In 1933 and 1934 he was in charge of writing the education plan. Eisenstein married filmmaker and writer Pera Atasheva (1900–65) in 1934. They remained married until his death in 1948. There is some question about his sexuality.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: In 1935, he began another project, "Bezhin Meadow". It appears the movie had many of the same problems as "Que Viva Mexico". Eisenstein decided to movie two versions of the plot. One was for adult viewers and one was for children. He failed to set a clear shooting schedule. He also used a lot of film which meant a lot of costs and missed deadlines. The movie ran into problems because it was not fully supported by its American financers.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: The thing that may have saved Eisenstein's career at this point was that Stalin ended up saying that the "Bezhin Meadow" problems, along with several other problems facing the business, had less to do with Eisenstein's approach to filmmaking as with the executives who were supposed to have been watching him. In the end, this made Boris Shumyatsky, "executive producer" of Soviet movies since 1932 to blame. In early 1938, he was denounced, arrested, tried and convicted as a traitor, and shot. (The production executive at movie studio Mosfilm, where Meadow was being made, was also replaced, but without more executions).


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein was then able to impress Stalin again for "one more chance", and he chose, from two offerings, the job of a movie of "Alexander Nevsky," with music composed by Sergei Prokofiev. This time, however, he was also given a co-writer, Pyotr Pavlenko, to bring in a completed script. He had professional actors to play the roles. He also had an assistant director, Dmitri Vasilyev, to make the filming faster.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: The result was a movie critically received by both the Soviets and in the West. He won the Order of Lenin and the Stalin Prize. It was an obvious allegory and hard warning against the growing forces of Nazi Germany. This was started, completed, and put in theatres all within 1938. It was Eisenstein's first movie in nearly a decade. It also his first movie with sound.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: But, within months of its release, Stalin entered into his agreement with Hitler. "Nevsky" was quickly pulled from distribution. Eisenstein returned to teaching. He was assigned to direct Richard Wagner's "Die Walküre" at the Bolshoi Theatre. Eisenstein had to wait until Hitler's sent German troops across the Soviet border in a fatal first strike, to see "Nevsky" receive wide distribution and real international success.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: With the war coming to Moscow, Eisenstein was one of many filmmakers evacuated to Alma-Ata. There is where he first considered the idea of making a movie about Czar Ivan IV. Eisenstein wrote letters to Prokofiev from Alma-Ata. Prokofiev joined him there in 1942. Prokofiev composed the score for Eisenstein's movie. Eisenstein designed sets for an opera version of "War and Peace" that Prokofiev was creating.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein's movie, "Ivan The Terrible, Part I", showing Ivan IV of Russia as a national hero, was liked by Joseph Stalin (and it won a Stalin Prize). The sequel, "Ivan The Terrible, Part II", was not approved of by the government. All the film from the not-finished "" was taken away, and most of it was destroyed (though several filmed scenes still exist today).


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein's health was also failing. He had a heart attack during the making of this movie. He died soon after of another heart attack at the age of 50. He is buried at Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein was one of the first to use montage, a specific form of movie editing. He and Lev Kuleshov, two of the first movie theorists, said that montage was the basis of movies. His articles and books — especially "Film Form" and "The Film Sense" — explain the need for montage in detail.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: His writings and movies have continued to have a major impact on later filmmakers. Eisenstein believed that editing could be used for more than just explaining a scene or moment through a "linkage" of related images. Eisenstein felt the "collision" of shots could be used to control the feelings of the audience and create movie metaphors. He believed that an idea should be concluded from comparing two different shots. This is what made a collage or montage within movie. He developed what he called "methods of montage":


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: Eisenstein taught movie making during his career at GIK. He also wrote the lessons for the directors' course there. His classroom illustrations are reproduced in Vladimir Nizhniĭ's "Lessons with Eisenstein." Exercises and examples for students were based on literature such as Honoré de Balzac's "Le Père Goriot." Another situation students had to produce was the staging of the Haitian struggle for independence as depicted in Anatolii Vinogradov's "The Black Consul,". Eisenstein also taught the specifics of directing, photography, and editing. He encouraged his students' development of individuality, expressiveness, and creativity. Eisenstein's teaching, like his movies, were politically charged and contained quotes from Vladimir Lenin.


title: Sergei Eisenstein

text: In his first movies, Eisenstein did not use professional actors. His narratives did not focus on individual characters. Instead, they addressed broad social issues, especially class conflict. He used basic characters, and the roles were filled with untrained people from the matching classes. He avoided using stars. Eisenstein's vision of communism brought him into conflict with officials in the ruling system of Joseph Stalin. Like many Bolshevik artists, Eisenstein pictured a new society which would pay for artists totally. This would free them from bosses and budgets. It would leave them free to create. But budgets and producers were as important to the Soviet movie business as the rest of the world. The isolated, post-revolution, new nation did not have the resources to nationalize its movie business at first. When it did, limited resources — both monetary and equipment — required production controls as big as in the capitalist world.


title: Buster Keaton

text: Joseph Frank "Buster" Keaton VI (October 4, 1895 – February 1, 1966) was an American actor, comedian and filmmaker. He is most famous for his silent films which showed his skill at physical comedy.


title: Buster Keaton

text: The magazine "Entertainment Weekly" listed Keaton at number seven on their list of ""The Greatest Directors of All Time."" And in 1999 the American Film Institute placed Keaton at 21 on their list of ""The Greatest Male Actors of All Time.""


title: Buster Keaton

text: Famous movie critic Roger Ebert wrote that Keaton's ""extraordinary period from 1920 to 1929, he worked without interruption on a series of movies that make him, arguably, the greatest actor-director in the history of the movies.""


title: Buster Keaton

text: In a 2002 worldwide poll by ""Sight & Sound"" Keaton's 1927 movie titled ""The General"" was number 15 on their ""Best movies of All Time"" list. Three other Keaton movies were also added to the magazine's survey.


title: Limnology

text: Limnology is the study of waters that are not part of the oceans or seas. This includes rivers, lakes, swamps, streams, wetlands, water under the ground, and even bodies of water made by people. Scientists who study this are called "limnologists". Their work includes biology, chemistry, physics, geology, and hydrology.


title: Limnology

text: The "International Society of Limnology" promotes limnology to scientists throughout the world. There are many centres for such research throughout the world.


title: Limnology

text: Limnology helps to explain why some lakes have lots of plants and animals and some have very few. The Freshwater Biological Association which is based next to Windermere in England did a lot of the early work. Limnologists there worked out why deep lakes have cold water at the bottom in summer-time but not in Winter. The reason was that winds in Autumn mix the waters up.


title: American History X

text: American History X is a 1998 American crime drama movie directed by Tony Kaye. It was released on October 23, 1998 in North America and received positive reviews, with an 83% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 62/100 from Metacritic. Edward Norton was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor. The movie was named by Empire magazine as the 311th Greatest Movie of All Time. It is about a man who joins a neo-nazi gang, after his firefighter father is killed by black drug dealers in Venice, Los Angeles. While staying in prison for three years, his younger brother ends up facing the wrong path.


title: Gaizka Mendieta

text: Gaizka Mendieta (born 27 March 1974) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.


title: Blue cheese

text: Blue cheese is a type of cheese with a fungus called "Penicillium" added to it. The mold makes patches or veins of it look blue. The cheese can be made from cow's milk, sheep's milk, or goat's milk. Types of it include Roquefort cheese, Stilton cheese, and Gorgonzola cheese. These names should only be used for cheeses that are made in certain areas and are protected by the European Union.


title: 1931 China floods

text: The 1931 China floods or the 1931 Yellow River Floods were a series of floods that occurred in China in the year 1931. It is the most deadly natural disaster by death toll. About 1,000,000-3.7 million people were said to be dead in this series of floods.


title: 1931 China floods

text: In the period of 1928-30 China faced a severe drought. Due to some abnormal weather conditions heavy snowstorms and heavy rainfall occurred in parts of central China. The water levels increased in the rivers. The rain grew heavier in July and August in 1931. China faced nine cyclones in July 1931 alone.


title: 1931 China floods

text: Chinese sources say 1,000,000 died due to the overflow of the Yangtze River. Western sources say a death toll of 3.7 million-4 million people. In July alone, four weather stations along the Yangtze River reported rain totaling over for the month.


title: 1931 China floods

text: The Yangtze and Huai River floods soon reached Nanjing, the capital of China at the time. The city, located on an island in a massive flood zone, suffered catastrophic damage. Millions died of drowning while some died due to starvation, from waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhus. The high-water mark was reached on 19 August at Hankou town in Wuhan, with the water level exceeding above normal. On the evening of 25 August 1931, the water rushing through the Grand Canal washed away dikes near Gaoyou Lake. Some 200,000 people drowned in their sleep in the resulting deluge.


title: Oldham Athletic A.F.C.

text: Oldham Athletic Football Club is a football that plays in Football League One. The club plays its games at Boundary Park in Oldham, England.


title: Oldham Athletic A.F.C.

text: The club has never won any major trophies through their history, though have made several appearances in the late rounds of the FA Cup and Football League Cup.


title: Oldham Athletic A.F.C.

text: The club was created as Pine Villa Football Club in 1895, but changed to the current name in 1899. Almost immediately, Oldham became a professional team before joining the Football League in 1907. After struggling between the First World War and the Second World War, they became more stable in 1969—when legendary manager Jimmy Frizzell took over. Under Frizzell, the club won 200 of their 544 competitive games and were promoted to higher levels twice.


title: Oldham Athletic A.F.C.

text: After leaving in the summer of 1982, Joe Royle took over as the club's manager during which time Oldham again had a successful period. Under Royle, the club won 225 games of 608—a slightly higher winning percentage than under Frizzell. In the early 1990s, under Royle, Oldham reached the semi-finals of the FA Cup and the final of the Football League Cup, losing every time. However, in the 1990–91 season, the club won the Football League Second Division and were promoted to the First Division for the first time in over 70 years. In the 1992–93 season, Oldham was a group of 24 teams that were the founding members of the Premier League—England's top division of football. After Royle's departure to Everton F.C., Oldham struggled and were relegated twice in four seasons.


title: Oldham Athletic A.F.C.

text: In the early 2000s, Oldham Athletic almost went bankrupt. Businessman Chris Moore decided to purchase the club, promising to return to the Premier League within five years. However, later that season, he left the club, which also left behind much debt and a weak team. However, another businessman purchased the club in 2004, saving them from liquidation. In the 2006–07, under current manager John Sheridan, Oldham almost were promoted to the Football Championship, but lost in the semi-final of the play-offs.


title: Marcia Wallace

text: Marcia Karen Wallace (November 1, 1942 – October 25, 2013) was an American actress and comedian. She usually performed in television sitcoms. She played receptionist Carol Kester in the 1970s sitcom "The Bob Newhart Show". She also performed the voice of Edna Krabappel in "The Simpsons", "The Powerpuff Girls".


title: Marcia Wallace

text: Wallace was born in Creston, Iowa on November 1 1942. She studied at Parsons College. Wallace was married to Dennis Hawley from 1986 until his death in 1992. They adopted one son, Michael Hawley. She battled breast cancer until her death. Wallace died on 25 October 2013 in Los Angeles, California from pneumonia, aged 70.


title: Leaf vegetable

text: Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, salad greens, pot herbs, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable. They come from many different plants, but are similar in many way. They have similar nutrition and cooking methods.


title: Leaf vegetable

text: Almost one thousand species of plants with edible leaves are known. Most leaf vegetables come from short-lived herbaceous plants, such as lettuce and spinach. Woody plants of some species also provide leaves that can be eaten.


title: Leaf vegetable

text: Leaf vegetables are low in calories and fat, and high in protein, dietary fiber, vitamin C, vitamin A, folate, manganese and vitamin K. Leaf vegetables are very high in vitamin K.


title: Leaf vegetable

text: If leaves are cooked for food, they may be called boiled greens. Leaf vegetables may be stir-fried, stewed, steamed, or eaten raw. Leaf vegetables cooked with pork is a traditional dish in soul food. They are also commonly eaten in a variety of South Asian dishes such as saag. Many green leafy vegetables, such as lettuce or spinach, can also be eaten raw, for example in sandwiches or salads.


title: Bajram Begaj

text: Bajram Begaj (born 20 March 1967) is an Albanian former military officer and politician. He is the 9th President of Albania since 24 July 2022.


title: Bajram Begaj

text: He is an independent, but was nominated to the presidency by the Socialist Party as the candidate to the fourth round of the 2022 presidential election. Begaj is the fifth president in the history of Albania to have a military background.


title: Northern Ireland Assembly

text: The Northern Ireland Legislative Assembly was set up after the Belfast Agreement to allow the people of Northern Ireland to run their own government and pass some laws. The United Kingdom parliament can still abolish the assembly, because Northern Ireland is not an independent country, but a part of the United Kingdom. The assembly comes together in the city of Belfast. Speaker is Alex Maskey.


title: Northern Ireland Assembly

text: The assembly is elected using a form of proportional representation voting. The seats of each party after the 2022 election is shown in this table:


title: Medicare (United States)

text: Medicare is a national health insurance program in the United States. It began in 1965 under the Social Security Administration (SSA) by Lyndon B. Johnson and now administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). It gives health care insurance for Americans aged 65 and older, people with End-Stage Renal Disease and also for some younger people with disability. Medicare consists of three parts:


title: Medicare (United States)

text: Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance): Covers inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing facility care, hospice, and some home health care.


title: Medicare (United States)

text: Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance): Covers doctor office visits and services, outpatient care, medical supplies, and preventative care and services.


title: Medicare (United States)

text: Medicare Part D (prescription drug coverage): Covers the cost of prescription drugs, flu shots, and vaccines.


title: Medicare (United States)

text: Medicare Advantage is part of the Medicare program offered to older people and disabled adults who qualify. Also referred to as Part C plans, Medicare Advantage (MA) plans are provided by private insurance companies instead of the federal government. They include the same Part A hospital and Part B medical coverage that Original Medicare provides but not hospice care. Most MA plans also include Part D prescription drug coverage. Anyone who joins an MA plan still has Medicare.


title: Medicare (United States)

text: The average monthly premium for a Medicare Advantage plan in 2021 is expected to drop 11% to about $21 from an average of $23.63 in 2020. Private companies receive a fixed amount each month for Medicare Advantage plan care. In turn, these companies can charge out-of-pocket costs to policyholders and are able to establish their own rules for service such as the need for referrals or provider networks for both non-urgent care and emergency services.


title: Medicare (United States)

text: Regional preferred provider organizations (PPOs) were established to provide rural beneficiaries greater access to Medicare Advantage plans and cover entire statewide or multi-state regions. Regional PPOs accounted for 5% of all Medicare Advantage enrollees in 2020. About 24 million people, or 36% of those receiving Medicare benefits, were enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan in 2020. That number is expected to climb to more than 26 million in 2021.


title: Medicare (United States)

text: Medicare Parts A and B include coverage for addiction treatment, including alcohol rehab. According to Medicare Interactive, a website that provides information on Medicare plans, Medicare Part A can help pay for hospitalization for substance abuse treatment, while Part B can help cover treatment for partial hospitalization or outpatient addiction treatment services.


title: Medicare (United States)

text: In addition, Medicare Part D provides coverage for medications used in treating alcohol addiction, such as naltrexone, as long as these drugs are considered medically necessary for the policyholder.


title: Pam Ferris

text: Pamela E. "Pam" Ferris (born 11 May 1948) is a British actress. She was born in Hanover to Welsh parents. She starred on television as Ma Larkin in "The Darling Buds of May", and as Laura Thyme in "Rosemary & Thyme".


title: Ben Schwartz

text: Benjamin Schwartz (born September 15, 1981) is an American actor, comedian, director, producer and writer. He portrayed the role of Jean-Ralphio Saperstein on the NBC sitcom "Parks and Recreation".


title: Pam Ferris

text: On movies, she is known for her roles as Miss Trunchbull in "Matilda" and as Aunt Marge in "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban".


title: Participant observation

text: Participant observation is a way of getting information about a group of people. A person doing participant observation will live with a group of people in their normal environment. They do this so they can learn about that groups way of life. One of the uses of participant observation is to understand the world from the point of view of a person from that group. This is done by watching the things they do every day. The product of participant observation is normally a piece of writing about what the researcher has seen. It is called ethnography. Participant observers can live with the group for months or many years. The longer the researcher is with the group, the better the information they learn will be.


title: Participant observation

text: In the first half of the 20th century, anthropologists Bronislaw Malinowski, Margaret Mead and Edward Evans-Prichard started using participant observation. It is now the main way research is done by cultural anthropologists.


title: Participant observation

text: In Covert participation observation, the researcher lives with a group but does not tell the group that they are studying them. The research is done in secret. This method is good because the people will not act differently than they normally do if they do not known they are being studied. One problem with covert participation observation is that it can be unethical. The subject cannot give the researcher their consent because they do not know they are being studied.


title: Participant observation

text: In overt participation observation, the researcher tells the group of people that they are being studied. A problem with this method is that people may change the way they act if they know they are being studied. Overt Participation Observation does not have the ethical problems of covert observation and lets the researcher watch the people lying about what they are doing.


title: Dentition

text: Dentition is the development of teeth and where the teeth are in the mouth. Almost all mammals have up to four different types of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. Animals that have different types of teeth are called "heterodont". If they do not, they are called "homodont".


title: Dentition

text: In mammals, the young have a set of primary teeth (milk teeth) that fall out after a few years. When they fall out, adult teeth grow in. Animals that have milk teeth and adult teeth are called diphyodont.


title: Dentition

text: Dentition is important in archaeology. Dentition is used to study human migration. Tooth enamel contains trace elements which show where they grew.


title: Cabaret (musical)

text: Cabaret is a musical. The book was written by Joe Masteroff. The lyrics were written by Fred Ebb. The music was written by John Kander. The musical was based on the 1939 novel, "Goodbye to Berlin" by Christopher Isherwood, and the 1951 play, "I Am a Camera" by John Van Druten. The musical won the 1967 Tony Award for Best Musical.


title: Cabaret (musical)

text: "Cabaret" premiered on 20 November 1966 at the Broadhurst Theatre on Broadway. It ran for 1,165 performances. It opened in the West End on 28 February 1968 at the Palace Theatre. It had 336 performances. A movie adaptation was released in 1972 starring Liza Minelli, Michael York, and Joel Grey.


title: Cabaret (musical)

text: The musical is set in Berlin during the Nazi rise to power, and follows the life and loves of cabaret singer, Sally Bowles. A subplot involves a romance between a German woman and a Jewish man.


title: Sriti Jha

text: Jha has worked on television shows including "Jyoti", "Jiya Jale", "Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava?", and "Balika Vadhu". She is currently playing a lead role of Pragya Abhishek Mehra in Zee TV's Kumkum Bhagya.


title: Pen y Fan

text: Pen y Fan () is the highest peak in South Wales, in the Brecon Beacons National Park. At above sea-level, it is also the highest British peak south of Cadair Idris in Snowdonia. The twin summits of Pen y Fan and Corn Du at were formerly referred to as Cadair Arthur or 'Arthur's Seat'.