title: Göppingen

text: In late 1950, the 7th Army had been reformed in Stuttgart and United States Army began to be stationed at Cooke Barracks. The barracks were made bigger for the 28th Infantry Division headquarters. The 28th Infantry was renamed as the 9th Infantry Division (United States) in 1954 and was replaced by the 8th Infantry Division in 1956. They were then replaced by the 4th Armored Division in 1957, which was renamed as the 1st Armored Division in 1971 and moved to Hindenburg Kaserne in Ansbach in 1972. The 1st Infantry Division moved from Augsburg in 1972 until 1991. There was also two Family Housing-Blocks in Donzdorf at the Göppingen (district). In July 2017, they was hold the remembering cooke barracks festival, because the inhabitants in göppingen district loved and liked the US Army who was once stationed in Goppingen.


title: Magellanic Clouds

text: The LMC is about 160,000 light years away, while the SMC is about 200,000. The LMC is about 14,000 light years in diameter, and the SMC about 7,000. For comparison, the Milky Way is about 170,000-200,000 light years across.


title: Dr. Watson

text: In "The Hound of the Baskervilles", Watson shows that he has picked up some of Holmes's skills at getting information from people. He observes to the reader, "I have not lived for years with Sherlock Holmes for nothing".


title: Komodo National Park

text: Large and complex coral reefs are along the north-east coast of Komodo. The park has many animals that live in the ocean, including whale sharks, ocean sunfish, manta rays, eagle rays, pygmy seahorse, false pipefish, clown frogfish, nudibranchs, blue-ringed octopus, sponges, tunicates, and coral.


title: Göppingen

text: Cooke Barracks were given back to the German government in 1992. The barracks were again used to house refugees for some time, then returned to civilian use.


title: Magellanic Clouds

text: Scientists believe that the shape of Magellanic Clouds has been caused by tidal interaction with the Milky Way as they travel close to it. Streams of neutral hydrogen connect them to the Milky Way and to each other. Both Clouds look like they were once spiral in shape. Their gravity has affected the Milky Way as well, distorting the outer parts of the galaxy's disc shape.


title: Komodo National Park

text: The island of Padar and part of Rinca were made nature reserves in 1938. Komodo Island became a nature reserve in 1965. UNESCO also began to protect the island in 1977. The three islands were named a national park in 1980. The park was extended to include the nearby parts of the ocean and a part of Flores in 1984. In 1991 the national park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Since 1995, the national park authority has been supported by an American environmental organization called The Nature Conservancy (TNC).


title: Magellanic Clouds

text: They have a different structure and lower mass than our galaxy. There are two other big differences. First, they are gas-rich; they have more hydrogen and helium compared to the Milky Way. They are also more metal-poor than the Milky Way. The youngest stars in the LMC and SMC have less than half the amount of other elements. Both are noted for their nebulae and larger numbers of young stars. Like our own Galaxy their stars range from the very young to the very old, which shows the Clouds have a long history.


title: Komodo National Park

text: Komodo National Park has been selected as one of 28 finalists to become one of the New7Wonders of Nature.


title: Magellanic Clouds

text: A supernova, SN 1987A, in the Large Magellanic Cloud was the brightest object seen from Earth in over four centuries.


title: Komodo National Park

text: About 4,000 people live within the park. Scuba diving is popular because of the many different kinds of life living in the water. Ecotourism in the ocean is the main way to get money to support the park


title: Magellanic Clouds

text: In 2010, a French scientist said that the clouds may have been ejected from a collision that formed the Andromeda Galaxy six billion years ago. However most astronomers believe the Magellanic Clouds were made in the same process that formed our Milky Way Galaxy.


title: Komodo National Park

text: However, several fishermen died since the 1980s. People disagree about what happened to them. Park patrol and military said they needed to protect themselves. Fishermen living in the area say the park management killed the fishermen on purpose.


title: Magellanic Clouds

text: New research suggests that the SMC may in fact be split in two. A smaller part may hidden about 30,000 light years behind the SMC. This could have happened with the LMC splitting the SMC, and that the two sections are still moving apart. This smaller section is being called the Mini Magellanic Cloud.


title: Ken Kesey

text: Kenneth Elton Kesey (September 17, 1935 – November 10, 2001) was an American writer best known for his novel "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest". He was born in La Junta, Colorado and moved to Springfield, Oregon in 1946.


title: X-Men (movie)

text: X-Men is a 2000 superhero movie based upon the fictional characters the X-Men. The movie is about mutants who are the next evolutionary step of humanity. These mutants are feared and hated by most of humanity.


title: Pessac

text: Pessac is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.


title: Vault (architecture)

text: A Vault (French. "voute," Italian. "volta," German. "Gewölbe," Polish. "sklepienie", Spanish. "bóveda") is an architectural term for an arched form used to provide a space with a ceiling or roof.


title: Fort Smith, Arkansas

text: Fort Smith is a city in the US state of Arkansas. It is one of the two county seats of Sebastian County. The other county seat is Greenwood, Arkansas.


title: Fredrik Bajer

text: Fredrik Bajer (April 21, 1837 – January 22, 1922) was a Danish writer, teacher, and pacifist politician. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908.


title: County Kerry

text: County Kerry is one of the Counties of Ireland. It is part of the Gaeltacht. Dingle is a popular tourist town in the county, and other scenic parts have been included in the List of World Heritage Sites in Ireland.


title: Japanese macaque

text: The Japanese macaque ("Macaca fuscata"), also known as the snow monkey, is a monkey that lives in the high mountains of the island of Honshū in Japan. They live in below-zero temperatures, and they like to warm themselves and relax in hot springs.


title: San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí

text: San Luis Potosí, commonly called S.L.P or simply San Luis, is the capital and largest city of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. The city lies at an elevation of . It has a population of 735,886 inhabitants.


title: Lana Turner

text: Lana Turner (February 8, 1921 - June 29, 1995) was an American actress. She was born in Wallace, Idaho. She was first discovered and signed into movie contract by MGM when she was 16. She played mainly feature roles and was one of Hollywood's first scream queens. She would become very popular in the 1940s and 1950s. Turner appeared in the television series "Falcon Crest" during 1982 and 1983. The actress died from throat cancer in 1995 in Century City, Los Angeles.


title: Gangs of New York

text: Gangs of New York is a 2002 American epic historical crime movie that was directed by Martin Scorsese. It is set in the New York City. It was inspired by Herbert Asbury's 1927 nonfiction book "The Gangs of New York". The movie stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Daniel Day-Lewis, and Cameron Diaz.


title: Puppet theatre

text: Puppet theatre or puppetry is a form of theatre where the puppeteer manipulates the puppets. The puppeteer is usually hidden from the audience. The action of puppet show take place on the small self-made stage. The puppets can be marionette, finger puppets, sock puppets or glove puppets.


title: 1755 Lisbon earthquake

text: The 1755 Lisbon earthquake was a major earthquake that hit Portugal and the rest of the Iberian Peninsula on 1 November 1755. The earthquake caused serious damage to Lisbon. It killed an estimated 60,000 people in Lisbon alone. Violent shaking destroyed about 12,000 homes. Because November 1, when the quake struck, was All Saints' Day, many people were attending mass at the time of the quake. Churches collapsed and many people died.


title: History of Austria

text: The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the Early Stone Age to the present state.


title: X-Men (movie)

text: The movie was directed by Bryan Singer. It deals with the ideas of prejudice and discrimination in the United States. The screenplay was written by David Hayter. A sequel, "X2", was released in 2003 and a third movie, "", was released in 2006. A fourth film, "". A prequel trilogy has been made, the prequel series is currently formed by "", "" and "Dark Phoenix".


title: Pessac

text: Like in many suburban cities, the population and urbanisation has increased much since the origins of the town.


title: Fredrik Bajer

text: Bajer was born on April 21, 1837 in Vester Egede, Denmark. He fought in the 1864 war against Prussia and Austria where he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. He was discharged in 1865, and moved to Copenhagen where he became a teacher, translator and writer.


title: 1755 Lisbon earthquake

text: The earthquake caused a tsunami that produced waves about 20 feet (6 metres) high in Lisbon. Shocks from the earthquake were felt throughout Europe. The disaster became an important event in European history.


title: History of Austria

text: The name Ostarrîchi (Austria) has been in use since 996 AD. Then, it was a margravate of the Duchy of Bavaria. Afterwards, from 1156, it became an independent duchy (later archduchy) of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation ("Heiliges Römisches Reich" 962–1806).


title: X-Men (movie)

text: Professor Charles Xavier (the world's most powerful telepath) takes gifted children and teaches them to control their powers for good. He does this at Xavier's Academy for Gifted Youngsters, his school for mutants. This school is the home to the X-Men. The story is about the X-Men trying to stop Erik Lehnsherr (also known as Magneto), a mutant who blames humanity for the death of his family during the Holocaust. Magneto does not believe that humans and mutants can live together in peace. He builds a machine that turns humans into mutants.


title: Pessac

text: It is the place where wines called "Pessac Léognan" are produced. The commune contains several wine châteaux.


title: Fredrik Bajer

text: He entered the Danish Parliament in 1872 as a member of Folketinget and held a seat there for the following 23 years. As a member of parliament, he worked for the use of international arbitration to solve conflicts among nations, and it is due to Bajer's efforts that foreign relations became part of the work of the Danish Parliament and that Denmark participated in the Inter-Parliamentary Union from the beginning and earned a distinguished position among its members.


title: History of Austria

text: The House of Habsburg and House of Habsburg-Lorraine (Haus Österreich) dominated Austria from 1273 to 1918. In 1806, when Emperor Francis I of Austria dissolved the Holy Roman Empire, Austria became the Austrian Empire. It was also part of the German Confederation until the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. In 1867, Austria formed a dual monarchy with Hungary: the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867–1918). Austria was reduced to the German-speaking areas of the empire (its current frontiers), after its collapse in 1918. It adopted the name The Republic of German-Austria. However, union with Germany and the chosen country name were forbidden by the Allies at the Treaty of Versailles. This led to the creation of the First Austrian Republic (1919-1933).


title: X-Men (movie)

text: Filming took place from September 22, 1999 to March 3, 2000 in Toronto. Wolverine's claws required a full silicone cast of Hugh Jackman's arm, and 700 versions for Jackman and his stunt doubles.


title: Pessac

text: The quality of the wines of this area are noticed since at least the eighteenth century, for example by great eighteenth century philosopher Montesquieu.


title: Fredrik Bajer

text: He supported many peace organizations, both inside Denmark and Europe-wide. He helped guide the passage of a bill to reach arbitration agreements with Sweden and Norway.


title: History of Austria

text: Following the First Republic, Austrofascism tried to keep Austria independent from the German Reich. Engelbert Dollfuss accepted that most Austrians were German and Austrian, but wanted Austria to remain independent from Germany. In 1938, Adolf Hitler annexed Austria to the German Reich with the Anschluss. A large majority of the Austrian people supported it. Ten years after the Second World War, Austria again became an independent republic as the Second Austrian Republic in 1955.


title: X-Men (movie)

text: Bryan Singer asked John Williams to compose the music for the movie, but Williams was too busy composing for "Saving Private Ryan".


title: Pessac

text: Pessac is one of the cities (Bordeaux, Pessac, Talence, Gradignan) where the University of Bordeaux stands, on one of the biggest campuses in Europe. The University of Bordeaux is divided into several universities, and Pessac welcomes:


title: X-Men (movie)

text: The movie was one of the biggest hits of 2000. It earned more than $296 million worldwide and was the 8th highest grossing movie in the United States that year.


title: Munich Airport

text: Munich Airport (IATAcode "MUC") is an airport 28 km north east of the city Munich, Germany. It is mainly used by Lufthansa and the Star-Alliance, which Lufthansa is in. In 2008, 34.53 million passengers used the airport. After Frankfurt am Main Munich is the second most important airport in Germany. It is the 8th largest in Europe.


title: Clint Dempsey

text: Clint Dempsey (born March 9, 1983) is an American footballer from Texas. He plays for Sounders F.C.and is number 2 and, has also played for Fulham F.C. and was number 8. He played for the New England Revolution in the United States before Fulham gave them money (a "transfer fee") to get him to play for them, but then was put on Sounders F.C. Dempsey is a good player who is well liked by many people in the United States and England for his hard work and desire to win.


title: Bay City, Michigan

text: The American city of Bay City is a small city in the state of Michigan, United States. In the 2000 census it had more than 35,000 people living in it.


title: Christine de Pizan

text: Christine de Pizan, sometimes known as "de Pisan", (Venice 1364 – about 1430) was an Italian French late mediaeval author. She spent most of her childhood and all of her adult life in Paris and then the abbey at Poissy. She wrote only in her adopted language, Middle French. She challenged the male-dominated realm of the arts. She is known as Europe’s first professional woman writer.


title: Pelagic zone

text: The pelagic zone is the open sea or ocean that is not near the coast. The name comes from the Greek πέλαγος ("pélagos"), which might be translated as "open sea".


title: Andy Dick

text: Andrew Dick (born December 21, 1965) is an American actor and comedian. He has also acted in movies and television. He caused many scandals and stirred a lot of controversies.


title: Armin van Buuren

text: Armin van Buuren (born 25 December 1976) is a disc jockey from the Netherlands. He is the number one ranked DJ. He has won DJ Magazine's Top 100 DJs fan poll a record of 5 times. He won it 4 years in a row (2007-2010) and again in 2012. Since 2001, Van Buuren has hosted a weekly radio show called "A State of Trance". The program says about 25 million people in 26 countries listen to it each week. This fact would make it one of the most listened-to radio programs in the world.


title: Gethsemane

text: Gethsemane is a garden at the foot of the Mount of Olives. It is most famous for being the place where Jesus and his disciples are said to have prayed the night before Jesus' crucifixion.


title: Encamp

text: Encamp is one of the seven parishes of Andorra. It is in the east central part of the country. Encamp is also the name of the main town of the parish.


title: Jeju Island

text: Jejudo (also known as Jeju Island) is the largest island off the coast of the Korean Peninsula. It is the main island of Jeju Province of South Korea. The island lies in the Korea Strait, southwest of South Jeolla Province. The island contains the natural World Heritage Site Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes. The highest point in South Korea is the Island's dormant volcano, Hallasan, which stands above sea level. Jejudo has a temperate climate. Even in winter, the temperature rarely falls below . The Island is a popular place for Korean newlyweds to honeymoon.


title: Knights Hospitaller

text: The Knights Hospitaller were a group of military knights fighting in Jerusalem. They are the group that became the Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and, eventually, St. John Ambulance.


title: Albany, Georgia

text: Albany is a largest town, in and the county seat of Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, in the southwestern part of the state. The population was 77,434 at the 2010 U.S. Census, making it the eighth-largest town in Georgia.


title: Shinya Yamanaka

text: Shinya Yamanaka (born 4 September 1962 in Osaka) is a Japanese physician. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2012 with John Gurdon. He won the Wolf Prize in Medicine in 2011 with Rudolf Jaenisch; and the Millennium Technology Prize in 2012 together with Linus Torvalds.


title: Schiedam

text: Schiedam is a municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. In 2019, 77,999 people lived there.


title: Balto-Finnic languages

text: The Balto-Finnic, or often simply Finnic, languages are a branch of Uralic languages. They are spoken in Northeastern Europe around the Baltic Sea, mainly in Finland, Estonia, and Northwestern Russia. The main two languages in the branch are Estonian and Finnish.


title: French Fourth Republic

text: The French Fourth Republic () was the republican government of France between 1946 and 1958, governed by the fourth republican constitution.


title: Munich Airport

text: Munich Airport was opened in 1992. Before that the airport was in Riem. Building was started in 1980.


title: Clint Dempsey

text: Clint also has taken an interest in rapping. Known as Deuce, he has produced compilations with Big Hawk and XO. He also once defeated Peter Crouch in a freestyle battle.


title: Bay City, Michigan

text: Although small, Bay City is one of the largest port cities on Lake Huron, one of the North American Great Lakes. It is part of a triangle of small cities in Central Michigan. The other two cities are Saginaw, Michigan, and Midland, Michigan.


title: Christine de Pizan

text: She wrote both poetry and prose works. There were biographies and books of practical advice for women. She wrote 41 works in her 30-year career from 1399–1429. She married in 1380 at the age of 15, and was widowed 10 years later.


title: Pelagic zone

text: To make this clear, seas around continents have continental crust beneath them. They are shallow. Seas away from continents can be very deep, and do not have continental shelves beneath them.


title: Encamp

text: The Encamp parish is in the east central part of the country and borders with the Canillo parish to the north, with the Pyrénées-Orientales department (France) to the east, with Spain to the southeast, with the Escaldes-Engordany parish to the south, with the La Massana parish to the west and the Ordino parish to the northwest.


title: Jeju Island

text: Jeju Island is 73 km wide from east to west and 31 km wide from north to south. Most of Jeju Island is made out of volcanic rocks from the Holocene era.


title: Knights Hospitaller

text: The Hospitallers are a Catholic military order founded at Jerusalem in the 11th century. They later became the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Today their headquarters are in Rome. The order continues its humanitarian tasks in most parts of the modern world under several slightly different names.


title: Shinya Yamanaka

text: He researches into adult stem cells. He is director of Center for iPS Cell Research and Application and a professor at the Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences at Kyoto University. He is also a senior investigator at the UCSF-affiliated J. David Gladstone Institutes in San Francisco, California; and a professor of anatomy at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Yamanaka is also the current president of the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR).


title: French Fourth Republic

text: It was in many ways a revival of the Third Republic that was in place from 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War to 1940 during World War II, and suffered many of the same problems.


title: Munich Airport

text: Because Frankfurt am Main was so busy, Lufthansa began to use Munich for international flights. The Airport was named after "Franz-Josef Strauss", a politician who was very interested in aeroplanes. People in Munich usually just call it "München Flughafen" or "der Flughafen".


title: Bay City, Michigan

text: Bay City was the birthplace in 1958 of Madonna Ciccone, a well-known American singer. The Scottish Pop group Bay City Rollers are said to have gotten their name from the city as well.


title: Christine de Pizan

text: Her influence spread through all of Europe. It affected the social life of many Europeans because she gave confidence to women that they could rise beyond what men told them to do. Some scholars think this is misreading her intentions.


title: Pelagic zone

text: The last three zones are similar in character, and some marine biologists count them as a single zone or consider the latter two to be the one zone. Some define the hadopelagic as waters below 6000 meters, whether in a trench or not.


title: Encamp

text: The parish had a population, in 2015, of 12,212 inhabitants, for a population density of persons/km².


title: Jeju Island

text: First, the basalt lava erupted to make the Hallasan shield volcano about 2 million years ago. Hallasan was still active into recorded history, but it is not active now. Then this first layer of volcanic rock was covered up with sediment. Then there was another set of eruptions, which made most of the rock on the surface of Jeju Island today. In the third round of volcanic activity, Hallasan grew to its current, tall height, 1950 m.


title: Knights Hospitaller

text: Malta was ruled by the Order of Saint John as a vassal state of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1530 to 1798. The islands of Malta and Gozo, as well as the city of Tripoli in modern Libya, were given to the Order by Spanish Emperor Charles V in 1530. following the loss of Rhodes. The Ottoman Empire managed to capture Tripoli from the Order in 1551, but an attempt to take Malta in 1565 failed.


title: Shinya Yamanaka

text: In development, embryonic stem cells can turn into any tissue. Fibroblasts in the skin are one type of cell.


title: Munich Airport

text: In 2003 the second airport terminal was opened, for people travelling on Lufthansa and Star-Alliance only.


title: Knights Hospitaller

text: In 1565 Suleiman sent an invasion force of about 40,000 men to besiege the 700 knights and 8,000 soldiers. He wanted to get the island as a base. From there he might launch another assault on Europe. A long struggle ended with the Knights undefeated. This is known as the Great Siege of Malta. Resisting the Ottoman Empire was their great achievement.


title: Shinya Yamanaka

text: In 2006, Yamanaka and his team took adult mouse fibroblasts and turned them back into stem cells in tissue culture. The changed cells are known as 'induced pluripotent stem cells' (iPS cells). iPS cells are like embryonic stem cells from a blastocyst (the embryo a few days after fertilization).


title: Munich Airport

text: A third runway is planned, because there is much traffic on Munich Airport, but people who live near the airport do not want it.


title: Shinya Yamanaka

text: The procedure used transfection of some stem cell-associated genes into the adult fibroblasts. The transfected genes include the master transcriptional regulators. Transfection is typically done with viral vectors, such as retroviruses.


title: Munich Airport

text: You can use the Munich S-Bahn lines S1 and S8 to go to the city. They both cost €8,80 and take about forty minutes. Taxis to Munich cost €50 and can get stuck because of traffic congestion.


title: Shinya Yamanaka

text: The team could show that the iPS cells were pluripotent (capable of generating all cell lineages of the body). Soon they grew mice which included iPS cells. In 2007, he and his team generated iPS cells from "human" adult fibroblasts, again the first group to do so. The main medical application will be replacement of faulty or damaged tissues in humans. This is not available at present. An independent assessment of this field is available.


title: Munich Airport

text: The cities near the airport are Erding and Freising. They can be reached by Bus (~3-4 €) or Taxi (~€18).


title: Munich Airport

text: The Munich Airport center (MAC) is between the two terminals but it is not so far. It has many shops and restaurants.


title: Munich Airport

text: Terminal 1 is used by the non-Star Alliance airlines. The halls or areas are numbered A-F. It was opened on 17th May 1992 20 million passengers can use it every year. At the moment the terminal is being renovated, giving more room for shops and other things. The first halls have already been finished.


title: Munich Airport

text: Terminal 2 is used by all Star Alliance flights. It was opened on 29th June 2003 and nearly 20-25 million passengers can use it every year. Many passengers like the terminal because connections are easy and fast. The time needed for a connection inside the terminal is only 25 minutes, the airport and Lufthansa say.


title: Munich Airport

text: The central area is a shopping-mall that is in between the two terminals; the older part which belongs to terminal 1 is an indoor area. The newer part which was built as the same time as the 2nd terminal is a big outside area.


title: Thunder Bay

text: Thunder Bay is the most populous city in Northwestern Ontario, in Canada. Its population was 107,909 as of the 2016 census. Before, it was two cities called Fort William and Port Arthur. Thunder Bay has the second largest population in Northern Ontario, behind Greater Sudbury.


title: Carmelites

text: The Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel or Carmelites (sometimes simply Carmel; ) is a Roman Catholic religious order. It was probably founded in the 12th century on Mount Carmel, from which the order receives its name. Saint Bertold has traditionally been associated with the founding of the order, but few clear records of early Carmelite history have survived. The order of Carmelite nuns was made official in 1452.


title: Reporters Without Borders

text: Reporters Without Borders (RWB) ( or RSF, or RSF, or ROG) is an international non-governmental organization. Its headquarters is located in Paris. The organization was founded in 1985.


title: James II of Scotland

text: James II (16 October 1430 - 3 August 1460) was King of Scotland from 1437 through 1460. He was born at Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh. He inherited the Scottish throne after the assassination of his father James I on February 21st 1437, only aged 6 and was crowned king of Scotland on March 25th 1437 at Holyrood Palace where he was born.


title: White Hart Lane

text: White Hart Lane was a football stadium in London, England. It was the home stadium of Tottenham Hotspur. But due to plans by the club to build a new stadium, White Hart Lane has been demolished to make room for the new 60000 seat venue.


title: Within Temptation

text: The album "Enter" is a mix of gothic rock, gothic metal and doom metal. The album The Dance is a mix of gothic metal and doom metal. The album Mother Earth is a mix of gothic rock, gothic metal, alternative rock, symphonic metal and folk metal.


title: Three Laws of Robotics

text: The Three Laws of Robotics are three rules which Isaac Asimov thought should be programmed into robots. The rules assume that robots will be human-type machines, able to walk about and do things. Asimov called these robots "positronic robots". The laws are presented in his 'Robot' series of short stories and novels.


title: Subtitle (captioning)

text: Subtitles are text-like versions of the dialog in movies. Subtitles are also used in television programmes and video games. The text is usually displayed at the bottom of the screen. Subtitles can also be a form of written translation of a dialog in an unfamiliar language, or a written text version of the spoken words in the same language, with or without added information to help watchers who are not able to hear or people who cannot understand the spoken dialogue.


title: Anthurium

text: Anthurium is a large plant genus of about one thousand species, belonging to the arum family (Araceae). Anthurium can also be called "Flamingo Flower" or "Boy Flower", both referring to the structure of the spathe and spadix.


title: Alexander Grothendieck

text: Alexander Grothendieck (Berlin, 28 March 1928 13 November 2014, Saint-Girons, Ariège) was a leading figure in the modern field of algebraic geometry.


title: Carbine

text: A carbine is a lighter, shorter type of rifle. The smaller size and lighter weight of carbines makes them easier to handle. They are often issued to high-mobility troops such as special-ops soldiers and paratroopers. Also they can be used by mounted or other non-infantry personnel who do not need full-sized rifles.


title: Zygmunt Bauman

text: Zygmunt Bauman (19 November 1925 – 9 January 2017) was a Polish-British sociologist and philosopher. He had been living in England since 1971.


title: Utica, New York

text: Utica () is a city in the Mohawk Valley and the county seat of Oneida County, New York, United States. Its population was 62,235 in the 2010 U.S. census.


title: Numa Pompilius

text: Numa Pompilius was the second King of Rome. He succeeded Romulus in the year 715 BC. Numa was of Sabine origin. He is credited with creating the most important religious and cultural institutions in Rome most prominently the Pontifex Maximus, Most modern historians consider Numa to be pure legend and regard his reign as myth.


title: Supercluster

text: Superclusters are large collections of smaller galaxy groups and galaxy clusters. They are one of the largest known structures in the cosmos.


title: Pyruvic acid

text: Pyruvic acid is the simplest of the keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, is an important part of several metabolic chemical reactions. Pyruvate is an important chemical compound in biochemistry.


title: Jelena Janković

text: Jelena Janković (born 28 February 1985 in Belgrade) is a professional tennis player from Serbia. She is a former world no.1 singles player. Janković reached 2008 US Open finals where she lost to Serena Williams in straight sets.


title: Spearmint

text: Spearmint is a type of mint. It is also called garden mint, common mint, lamb mint and mackerel mint. It is native to Europe and southern Asia. It is naturalized in northern and southern Africa, North America and South America. It is used as a flavouring in food and herbal teas.


title: Antonio Segni

text: Antonio Segni (; 2 February 1891 – 1 December 1972) was an Italian politician. He was the president of Italy from May 1962 to December 1964 and the prime minister two times between 1955 and 1960.


title: Kara Koyunlu

text: The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (, ) were a tribal alliance of Oghuz tribes. They ruled Azerbaijan, Armenia, eastern Anatolia, and northern Iraq from 1375 to 1468.  The Kara Koyunlus settled in the south of Lake Van. They became strong in Erzincan, Sivas and in the north-eastern lands of Eastern Anatolia in the 1370s. The Kara Koyunla fought against the Aq Qoyunlu, Jalairis, and Timurid.


title: Reporters Without Borders

text: John Cherian from India says that Dalai Lama, leader of the Tibetan people, has Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) ties. John Cherian says that Reporters Without Borders has supported Tibet and tells a rumor that also Reporters Without Borders has CIA ties. Someone says CIA gave money to RWB.


title: Three Laws of Robotics

text: Later, Asimov added the Zeroth Law: "A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm"; the rest of the laws are changed one by one so that there can be no reason for a robot to break the Zeroth Law. .


title: Anthurium

text: The species has neotropical distribution; mostly in wet tropical mountain forest of Central America and South America, but some in semi-arid environments.


title: Alexander Grothendieck

text: In 1970 Grothendieck left the Institut des hautes études scientifiques, where he had been appointed research professor (1958–1970) and where he did his greatest work. He turned to radical pacifism and opposed all forms of warfare and aggression. This is why he declined the Crafoord Prize in 1988.


title: Carbine

text: The U.S. M4 carbine is a classic example. Continuous-fire versions may also be described as submachine guns


title: Zygmunt Bauman

text: After World War II, he rose in the ranks of Poland's military and by the early 1950s he had become one of the youngest majors in the Polish army, but was driven out of Poland by a political purge in 1953 engineered by the Communist government of the Polish People's Republic.


title: Utica, New York

text: It is located on the Mohawk River at the foot of the Adirondack Mountains. Utica is about 90 miles (145 km) northwest of Albany and 45 miles (72 km) east of Syracuse. Utica and the nearby city of Rome anchor the Utica–Rome Metropolitan Statistical Area, which makes up all of Oneida and Herkimer counties.


title: Supercluster

text: Superclusters show that the galaxies in the universe are not evenly distributed. Most, perhaps all, are in groups and clusters. Groups have some dozens of galaxies, and clusters up to several thousand galaxies. Those groups and clusters plus more isolated galaxies form even larger collections called superclusters.


title: Pyruvic acid

text: Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis. One molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of pyruvate. These are then used to give more energy to living animals, plants and microorganisms. It is then changed back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) by a metabolic chemical reaction named gluconeogenesis, or to fatty acids through a similar reaction. It can also be used to make the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid by fermentation.


title: Antonio Segni

text: He was the first Sardinian ever to become head of state and government. He was also the second shortest-serving president in the history of the Republic and the first one to resign from office due to illness.


title: Kara Koyunlu

text: The Qara Qoyunlu dynasty was founded by Bayram Khoja.  His successor, Qara Muhammad, became related to Jalairi Sultan Ahmad in order to end problems with the Jalairi.  This led to the capture of the western part of Azerbaijan, including Tabriz. The Qara Qoyunlus become a great empire during the rule of Gara Yusif.  In a battle against the Timurids and Jalairis, Qara Yusif created a large state from Azerbaijan. This united Eastern Georgia, Arab Iraq and Ajam Iraq. Qara Iskander, the son of Qara Yusif, restored the rule of Kara Koyunlu in 1421. Sultan Shahrukh left Tabriz, he entered the city.  When Shah Rukh returned, all the lands he had captured were recaptured by Black Alexander.


title: Reporters Without Borders

text: Accusations have been made by Diana Barahona, who sends stories to Counterpunch website. She claims that RWB takes sides. They take sides especially when they publish news on Cuba. She says that on its press freedom index, Reporters Without Borders gives Cuba a lower ranking than countries like Colombia, Peru and Mexico where she claims reporters are routinely killed. She claims the U.S. State Department has donated to RWB. She claims that the organization has links with the International Republican Institute (IRI), which she claims is an arm of the Republican Party. She claims that IRI funding opposition leaders of Hugo Chávez and Jean-Bertrand Aristide in close connection with CIA. She claims RWB's trustworthiness is questionable.


title: Three Laws of Robotics

text: According to the "Oxford English Dictionary," the passage in Asimov's short story "Liar!" (1941) that mentions the First Law is the earliest recorded use of the word "robotics". Asimov was not aware of this at the time; he assumed the word already existed by analogy with "mechanics," "hydraulics," and other similar terms denoting branches of applied knowledge.


title: Zygmunt Bauman

text: He was the Professor Emeritus of Sociology at the University of Leeds. Bauman was one of the world's most eminent social theorists writing on issues as diverse as modernity and the Holocaust, postmodern consumerism and liquid modernity.


title: Supercluster

text: Superclusters themselves form even larger structures, called "filaments", "complexes", "walls" or "sheets", like the Great Wall. These may span between several hundred million light-years to 10 billion light-years, and cover more than 5% of the observable universe. Superclusters suggest something about the initial condition of the universe when these superclusters were formed. The directions of the rotational axes of galaxies within superclusters may also tell us about the formation of galaxies early in the history of the Universe.


title: Pyruvic acid

text: Pyruvic acid gives energy to cells through the citric acid cycle, when oxygen is present (aerobic respiration), and also makes lactate when oxygen is lacking (fermentation).


title: Kara Koyunlu

text: According to the German Turkologist Gerhard Doerfere, it is very strange that the word "Turkmen" still confuses the Aq Qoyunlu and Qara Qoyunlu Turkmens.  The word Turkmen actually means "nomadic Oghuz. Aq Qoyunlu and Qara Qoyunlu" are Azerbaijanis


title: Three Laws of Robotics

text: The Three Laws form a theme in his "Robot" series and the other stories linked to it, as well as his Lucky Starr series of science fiction for children. Other authors working in Asimov's fictional universe have adopted them, and references (often parodic) appear in science fiction and other genres. Technologists in the field of artificial intelligence have speculated upon the role the Laws might have in the future.


title: Supercluster

text: Inside superclusters are large voids of space in which few galaxies exist. Superclusters are often subdivided into groups of clusters called "galaxy clouds".


title: Kara Koyunlu

text: researchers associate the Oghuz dialect of Kara-Qoyunlu with the Azerbaijani language.  For example, Faruk Shumer recorded that the Eastern Oghuz dialect of Qara-Qoyunlu is called the Azerbaijani language today, and Muhsin Behramnejad named Azerbaijani language a inherited from Qara-Qoyunlu Turkmen tribes.Sultan Kara-Koyunlu 1435-1467 Jahan shah is the generally recognized representative of Azerbaijani poetry.


title: First Lady

text: First Lady is an unofficial title used for the wife of a non-monarchical head of state or chief executive.


title: São Bernardo do Campo

text: São Bernardo do Campo () is a Brazilian city in the ABC Region, state of São Paulo. Its population in 2003 was 745,161. Its area is .


title: William Godwin

text: William Godwin (3 March 1756 – 7 April 1836) was an English journalist, political philosopher and novelist. He is considered one of the first exponents of utilitarianism, and one of the first modern proponents of philosophical anarchism. Godwin is famous for two books that he published within the space of a year: "An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice", an attack on political institutions, and "Things as They Are or The Adventures of Caleb Williams", which attacks aristocratic privilege, but also is virtually the first mystery novel. He was also married to Mary Wollstonecraft, with whom he had two children.


title: Chalkida

text: Chalkida (or Chalkis) is a Greek town. Its population is 55,264 inhabitants according to the 2001 census. Chalkida is located to the north of Athens, on Euboea island. It is at the point where the Euboea is nearest to mainland Greece. At this point is the Eyripous narrow, a sea narrow, where there is a tidal phenomenon.


title: Radio galaxy

text: Radio galaxies and their relatives, radio-loud quasars and blazars, are types of active galaxy that are very luminous at radio wavelengths. They have luminosities up to 10 W between 10 MHz and 100 GHz.


title: Cormac McCarthy

text: Cormac McCarthy (born Charles McCarthy; July 20, 1933) is an American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter.


title: Simon Wiesenthal

text: Simon Wiesenthal, KBE (31 December 190820 September 2005) was an Austrian Holocaust survivor. He became famous after World War II for his work as a Nazi hunter. Wiesenthal was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1985.


title: Galápagos penguin

text: The Galápagos penguins ("Spheniscus mendiculus") live on the Galápagos Islands. Because these islands are at the equator, the waters are warm not all penguins live in cold climates. They do not migrate.


title: Jeanine Áñez

text: Jeanine Áñez Chávez (born 13 August 1967) is a Bolivian lawyer. She was the 81st President of Bolivia from 11 November 2019 to 8 November 2020. She became president following the resignation of President Evo Morales. She was a Senator, representing Beni.


title: Sergei Bondarchuk

text: Sergei Fedorovich Bondarchuk (; ; Ukrainian: Сергі́й Фе́дорович Бондарчу́к, "Serhiy Fedorovych Bondarchuk"; 25 September 192020 October 1994) was a Soviet and Russian actor, movie director, and screenwriter. He is known for his historical dramas such as the 4-part movie version of Leo Tolstoy's "War and Peace" and the Napoleonic War epic "Waterloo".


title: Chaozhou

text: Chaozhou (), alternatively Teochew, is a prefecture-level city in eastern Guangdong province, China. In 2010, 2,669,844 people lived there.


title: 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup

text: 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 9th FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It took place in Brazil from 15 to 30 June. The host, Brazil won the tournament after defeating Spain. Italy got third place.


title: First Lady

text: Some countries have a title, official or unofficial, that is or can be translated as "first lady". The title is not normally used for the wife of a head of government who is not also head of state.


title: São Bernardo do Campo

text: São Bernardo do Campo is very known because of the automobiles industries that came in 1950s, like: Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, Daimler Chrysler and Ford.


title: Chalkida

text: During antiquity, Chalkida was an important town. Its people were Ionian, an ancient Greek race. Chalkida had founded many colonies. Most of them were in south Italy. The Latin alphabet is an evolution of the ancient Chalkidian alphabet. During the Middle Ages Chalkida was an unimportant city. During the Lombardian knights' rule, Chalkida was developed again. Today Chalkida is an industrial town.


title: Radio galaxy

text: The radio emission is due to the synchrotron process. The observed structure in radio emission is determined by the interaction between twin jets and the external medium, modified by the effects of relativistic beaming. Radio galaxies are almost exclusively large elliptical galaxies. "Radio-loud" active galaxies can be detected at large distances, making them valuable tools for observation. Recently, much work has been done on the effects of these objects on the intergalactic medium, particularly in galaxy groups and clusters.


title: Cormac McCarthy

text: McCarthy's fifth novel, "Blood Meridian" (1985), was on "Time" magazine's 2005 list of the 100 best English-language books published since 1923.


title: Galápagos penguin

text: Galapagos penguins have two bands of brown feathers on their faces and their beaks are thin and slender.


title: Jeanine Áñez

text: In the early hours of 13 March 2021, Áñez was arrested on charges of terrorism, sedition and conspiracy over her actions during the 2019 coup of Evo Morales. In June 2022, she was sentenced to ten years in prison for her role in the 2019 political crisis.


title: First Lady

text: First Gentleman is used where the head of state's spouse has been a man, such as the Philippines or Malta. While there has never been a male spouse of a U.S. President, "First Gentleman" is used in the United States for the husband of a governor.


title: Cormac McCarthy

text: For "All the Pretty Horses" (1992), he won both the U.S. National Book Award and National Book Critics Circle Award. His 2005 novel "No Country for Old Men" was made as a 2007 movie of the same name, which won four Academy Awards, including Best Picture.


title: First Lady

text: First Spouse, a rare version of the title, can be used in either case where the spouse of a head of state is male or female. This term is used to promote gender equality and gender neutrality.


title: Iocaste (moon)

text: Iocaste or ', is a non-spherical moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2000, and given the designation '.


title: James Tobin

text: James Tobin (March 5, 1918 – March 11, 2002) was an American economist. Outside academia, Tobin became widely known for his suggestion of a tax on foreign exchange transactions, now known as the "Tobin tax". This was designed to reduce speculation on currency markets, which he saw as unproductive. He also suggested that the money gained from the tax could be used to fund projects for the benefit of Third World countries, or to support the United Nations.


title: Eyes Wide Shut

text: Eyes Wide Shut is a 1999 drama movie directed by Stanley Kubrick. It stars Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise and is set in New York City. The movie was filmed at Mentmore Towers.


title: Roman Curia

text: The Roman Curia ( Curia Romanae) is usually called "The Curia". It is the cabinet of Vatican City and the Roman Catholic Church.


title: Frank Macfarlane Burnet

text: Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet (3 September 1899 - 31 August 1985) was an Australian virologist. In 1960, He was given a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work dealing with immunology.


title: Corpse Bride

text: Corpse Bride, also known as Tim Burton's Corpse Bride, is a 2005 stop-motion-animated fantasy movie directed by Tim Burton and Mike Johnson. It stars Johnny Depp, Helena Bonham Carter, Emily Watson, Albert Finney, Michael Gough, Richard E. Grant, Deep Roy, Paul Whitehouse, and Christopher Lee. It was released on September 23, 2005. Roger Ebert gave the movie three out of four stars. It is now aired on Spacetoon Plus. It was dedicated to co-producer Joe Ranft.


title: Rafael Pereira da Silva

text: Rafael Pereira da Silva (born 9 July 1990) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Manchester United.


title: Wolf–Rayet star

text: Wolf–Rayet stars (WR stars) are evolved, massive stars (over 20 solar masses initially). They are losing mass rapidly by means of a very strong stellar wind, with speeds up to 2000 km/s. While our own Sun loses about 10 solar masses every year, Wolf–Rayet stars typically lose 10 solar masses a year.


title: Cupressus sempervirens

text: Cupressus sempervirens, also known as the Mediterranean cypress (also known as Italian cypress, Tuscan cypress, Persian cypress, or pencil pine), is a species of cypress native to the eastern Mediterranean region.


title: Makarios III

text: Makarios III (), born Michail Christodolou Mouskos (; August 13, 1913 – August 3, 1977), was the archbishop and primate of the autocephalous Cypriot Orthodox Church (1950–1977). He was the first President of the Republic of Cyprus (1960–1974 and 1974–1977). In his three terms as President of Cyprus (1959-1977), he survived four assassination attempts.


title: Aberystwyth

text: Aberystwyth (Mouth of the River Ystwyth) is a historic market town, administrative centre and holiday resort. It is in the area of Ceredigion in West of Wales. Locals call the area 'Aber'.


title: Cyclostome

text: The cyclostomes (or cyclostomi) are the lamprey and hagfish. They are the only two living jawless fish, the Agnatha.


title: Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz

text: Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz ( "Muḥammad Wald ‘Abd al-‘Azīz"; born 20 December 1956) was the President of Mauritania from 2009 to 2019.


title: Summer Palace

text: The Summer Palace is a palace in Beijing, China. It is mainly dominated by Longevity Hill (60 meters high) and the Kunming Lake. It covers an expanse of 2.9 square kilometers, three quarters of which is water. The palace is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.


title: Carl Bildt

text: Nils Daniel Carl Bildt "(born 15 July 1949)" in Halmstad, Sweden, is a Swedish politician and diplomat who was Prime Minister of Sweden from 1991 to 1994.


title: Giant otter

text: The giant otter or giant river otter ("Pteronura brasiliensis") is a type of otter. It is the longest type of mustelid. It can grow up to 1.7 metres (5.6 ft). The giant otter is diurnal. It is the noisiest type of otter. The giant otter is the largest type of otter in the world.


title: Henry Morgan

text: Sir Henry Morgan (24 January 1635 - 25 August 1688) was a Welsh privateer, plantation owner, and, later, Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica. From his base in Port Royal, Jamaica, he raided settlements and shipping on the Spanish Main, becoming wealthy as he did so.


title: Catharsis

text: Catharsis is a term in the Greek theatre meaning the purification of emotions through art. This was the effect of the tragedy as the main and earliest genre of the Greek theatre. It was originally used by Aristotle in the Poetics.


title: Iocaste (moon)

text: Iocaste orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 20,723,000 km in 609.427 days, at an inclination of 147° to the ecliptic (146° to Jupiter's equator) with an orbital eccentricity of 0.2874.


title: James Tobin

text: Tobin's academic work included pioneering contributions to the study of investment, monetary and fiscal policy and financial markets. He promoted and developed the ideas of Keynesian economics. He believed that governments should intervene in the economy in order to stabilise output and avoid recessions.


title: Roman Curia

text: Parts of The Curia look after the independent country of the Vatican. For example, The Curia includes the Vatican's courts.


title: Wolf–Rayet star

text: Wolf–Rayet stars are extremely hot, with surface temperatures in the range of 30,000 K to around 200,000 K that make them look blue in color. They are also highly luminous, from tens of thousands to several million times the bolometric luminosity of the Sun, although not exceptionally bright visually since most of their output is in far ultraviolet and even "soft" X-rays.


title: Aberystwyth

text: The people who live there mostly speak English, though many are also fluent in the Welsh language. It is a university town. The small town of over 13,000 grows by another 10,000 in term time when the students are there. The nearby suburb of Llanbadarn Fawr has another 3,400 people.


title: Cyclostome

text: Recent molecular data from rRNA, and from mtDNA, show that these living agnathans are monophyletic. There are about 100 species. Hagfish are vertebrates but do not have vertebrae. It is believed that they lost their vertebrae during their lifestyle adaptations.


title: Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz

text: Ould Abdel Aziz was a member of the military junta which ousted President Ould Taya in 2005. Following the 2008 coup, Abdel Aziz became President of the High Council of State as part of what was described as a political transition leading to a new election. He resigned from that post in April 2009 in order to stand as a candidate in the July 2009 presidential election, which he won. He was sworn in on 5 August 2009.


title: Summer Palace

text: Between 1750 and 1764 the Qing Emperor Qianlong created the Garden of Clear Ripples (Summer Palace), extending the area of the lake and carrying out other improvements based on the hill and its landscape. During the Second Opium War (1856-60) the garden and its buildings were destroyed by the allied forces. Between 1886 and 1895 it was reconstructed by Emperor Guangxu and renamed the Summer Palace, for use by Empress Dowager Cixi. It was damaged in 1900 by the international expeditionary force during the suppression of the Boxer Rising and 24 years later, it became a public park in 1924.


title: Carl Bildt

text: He was the leader of the Moderate Party from 1986 to 1999. He also served as Sweden's Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2014.


title: Iocaste (moon)

text: Iocaste belongs to the Ananke group, believed to be the remnants of a break-up of a captured asteroid.


title: Roman Curia

text: Other parts of The Curia do jobs that are important for the Catholic Church. For example, the "Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity" is in charge of meeting other churches.


title: Wolf–Rayet star

text: In astronomy, luminosity is not quite the same thing as brightness. Luminosity measures the total amount of energy emitted</u/l> by a star or other astronomical object in SI units of joules per second, which are watts. A watt is one unit of power, and just as a light bulb is measured in watts, so is the Sun, which has a total power output of 3.846×10 W. This number is the basic metric used in astronomy: it is known as 1 solar luminosity, the symbol for which is formula_1.


title: Cyclostome

text: The name "Cyclostomata" and "Cyclostomi" means "round mouths". Their mouths cannot close due to the lack of a jaw, so they have to constantly cycle water through the mouth.


title: Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz

text: On July 9, 2020, Mohamed Abdel Aziz was to respond to the convening of a Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry tasked with writing a "report". In the aftermath, the Mauritanian justice started to boil in a race against the clock for the construction of the High court of justice, only authorized to judge the president of the republic in the event of high treason.


title: Summer Palace

text: There are many buildings in the Summer Palace including The Cloud-Dispelling Hall, the Temple of Buddhist Virtue and the Sea of Wisdom Temple.


title: Wolf–Rayet star

text: Radiant power, however, is not the only way to conceptualize brightness, so other metrics are also used. The most common is apparent magnitude, which is the perceived brightness of an object from an observer on Earth at visible wavelengths. Other metrics are absolute magnitude, which is an object's intrinsic brightness at visible wavelengths, irrespective of distance. The measure of luminosity is "bolometric magnitude", the total power output across all wavelengths.


title: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

text: Gettysburg is a borough in and the county seat of Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States. There were about 7,490 people at the 2000 United States census (counting of the people).


title: C.A. San Lorenzo de Almagro

text: Club Atlético San Lorenzo de Almagro is a football club that plays in Argentina. The team plays in the Primera División, the top division of the Argentine football league system. San Lorenzo is also considered one of the "big five" (""Los 5 Grandes"") of Argentine football by Argentinian press, with Independiente, River Plate, Boca Juniors, and Racing Club. Its historical rival is Huracán.


title: Oloron-Sainte-Marie

text: Oloron-Sainte-Marie is a city and commune in southwestern France in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, of which it is a sub-prefecture.


title: Robert Rodriguez

text: Robert Anthony Rodriguez (born June 20 1968) is an American director, screenwriter, producer, cinematographer, editor and musician perhaps best known for making profitable, crowd-pleasing independent and studio movies with fairly low budgets and fast schedules by Hollywood standards. He shoots and produces many of his movies in Texas and Mexico.


title: Giancarlo Fisichella

text: Giancarlo Fisichella (born 14 January, 1973 in Rome) is an Italian driver and drives at present in Formula One with the Renault F1-Team.


title: Gilberto Silva

text: Gilberto Silva (born 7 October 1976) is a etired Brazilian football player. He last played for Atletico Mineiro


title: Praxiteles

text: Praxiteles was the most famous of the sculptors of the 4th century BC. He was the first to sculpt the nude female form in a life-size statue. While no sculpture by Praxiteles is extant, numerous copies of his works have survived. Several authors, including Pliny the Elder, wrote of his works. Coins engraved with silhouettes of his various famous statuary types from the period still exist. His works include "Hermes and the Infant Dionysus".


title: Archaic Greece

text: Archaic Greece is the period in Greek history after the Bronze Age collapse and before the Greco–Persian wars.


title: Emily Watson

text: Emily Margaret Watson (born 14 January 1967) is an English actress. She was born in Islington, London. She acted in "Breaking the Waves", "Hilary and Jackie", "Cradle will Rock" and "Angela's Ashes" and "Oranges and Sunshine". Her television roles include the title character in "Appropriate Adult", for which she won a BAFTA Award.


title: Frances Hodgson Burnett

text: Frances Eliza Hodgson Burnett (24 November 1849 – 29 October 1924) was a writer. She is famous for her children's books "Little Lord Fauntleroy", "A Little Princess", and "The Secret Garden".


title: Roald Hoffmann

text: Roald Hoffmann (born July 18, 1937) is a Polish-born American theoretical chemist of Jewish descent. He won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He currently teaches at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.


title: John Gurdon

text: Sir John Bertrand Gurdon (JBG) FRS (born 2 October 1933) is a British developmental biologist. He is best known for his pioneering research in nuclear transplantation, and cloning.


title: European Economic Area

text: The European Economic Area (EEA) was established because of the "Agreement on the European Economic Area", an international agreement which lets the extension of the European Union's single market to members of the European Free Trade Association.


title: Kenitra

text: Kenitra (, , , ; ) is a city in north western Morocco, it is formerly known as Port Lyautey from 1932 to 1956.


title: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

text: It is known mostly because it is near to where the Battle of Gettysburg was held. Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address at Gettysburg. It is seen as one of the most historic sites in American history. Dwight Eisenhower lived at Gettysburg in his later years.


title: C.A. San Lorenzo de Almagro

text: 1933, 1936 (Copa de Honor), 1946, 1959, 1968 Metropolitano, 1972 Metropolitano, 1972 Nacional, 1974 Nacional, 1995 Clausura, 2001 Clausura, 2007 Clausura, 2013 Inicial


title: Oloron-Sainte-Marie

text: In 1858, the "communes" of Saint-Marie-Legugnon and Oloron were combined to make the new "commune" of Oloron-Sainte-Marie.


title: John Gurdon

text: Nuclear transplantation means taking the nucleus out of cells in tissue culture and putting them into other cells whose nucleus has been removed. It is called somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this way, specialised cells can be "reprogrammed" to become like stem cells.


title: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

text: However, it is also known for the Lutheran Theological Seminary, founded in 1826, Gettysburg College (originally Pennsylvania College), which began operating in 1832, and


title: Oloron-Sainte-Marie

text: Oloron-Sainte-Marie is situated at the feet of the Pyrénées, to the south of Pau, from the Spanish border and from the Atlantic Ocean.


title: John Gurdon

text: Gurdon was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1971, and was knighted in 1995. In 2004, the Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Institute for Cell Biology and Cancer was renamed the Gurdon Institute in his honour. He has also received numerous awards, medals and honorary degrees. He has been awarded the 2009 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research award.


title: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

text: Many roads come from Gettysburg. It is at the junction of U.S. Route 15, U.S. Route 30 (the Lincoln Highway). Today it is a 2½ hour drive from Philadelphia. It is also a 3½ hour drive from Pittsburgh by the Pennsylvania Turnpike and U.S. Route 15. Gettysburg Regional Airport, a small general aviation airport, is west of Gettysburg. Gettysburg has weather that changes from around in the winter months to almost in the summer.


title: Oloron-Sainte-Marie

text: Through Oloron-Sainte-Marie flows the Gave d'Oloron formed by the confluence of two rivers: the Gave d'Aspe and the Gave d'Ossau that merge to form the Gave d'Oloron. The word gave is a name given to rivers on the mountains in regions of the western Pyrenees.


title: John Gurdon

text: In 2012 Gurdon was awarded, jointly with Shinya Yamanaka, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ""for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent"". "Pluripotent" cells are stem cells.


title: Oloron-Sainte-Marie

text: Oloron-Sainte-Marie is a "sous-préfecture" in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department since 1800. It is also the capital of two "cantons":


title: John Gurdon

text: In 1958, Gurdon, then at the University of Oxford, successfully cloned a frog using intact nuclei from the somatic cells of a "Xenopus" tadpole. This was an important extension of work of Briggs and King in 1952 on transplanting nuclei from embryonic blastula cells.


title: John Gurdon

text: Gurdon’s experiments captured the attention of the scientific community and the tools and techniques he developed for nuclear transfer are still used today.


title: John Gurdon

text: At that time he could not conclusively show that the transplanted nuclei derived from a fully differentiated cell. This was finally shown in 1975 by a group working at the Basel Institute for Immunology in Switzerland. They transplanted a nucleus from an antibody-producing lymphocyte (proof that it was fully differentiated) into an enucleated egg and got living tadpoles.


title: John Gurdon

text: Gurdon’s experiments captured the attention of the scientific community and the tools and techniques he developed for nuclear transfer are still used today. The term 'clone' (from the ancient Greek word "κλών" klōn = “twig”) was already in use since the beginning of the 20th century in reference to plants. In 1963 the British biologist J.B.S. Haldane, in describing Gurdon’s results, became one of the first to use the word "clone" in reference to animals.


title: John Gurdon

text: Gurdon and colleagues also pioneered the use of "Xenopus" eggs to translate microinjected messenger RNA molecules. This technique has been widely used to identify the proteins encoded, and to study their function.


title: John Gurdon

text: Gurdon's recent research has focused on analysing intercellular signalling factors involved in cell differentiation, and on elucidating the mechanisms involved in reprogramming the nucleus in transplantation experiments, including demethylation of the transplanted DNA.


title: Tomasz Kuszczak

text: Tomasz Mirosław Kuszczak (born 20 March 1982) is a Polish football player. He plays for Manchester United and Poland national team.


title: DNA repair

text: In cells, normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as UV light and radiation damage DNA. There are as many as a million molecular lesions per cell per day. Many of these lesions cause structural damage to the DNA molecule and can alter or eliminate the cell's ability to transcribe the affected gene. Other lesions induce potentially harmful mutations in the cell's genome, which affect the survival of its daughter cells after it divides. The DNA repair process must be constantly active so it can respond rapidly to any damage in the DNA structure.


title: Pelagie Islands

text: The Pelagie Islands are three islands in the Mediterranean. They are Lampedusa, Linosa and Lampione. They are between Malta and Tunisia. They are part of the African continent but belong to Italy.


title: Doom

text: Doom is a first-person shooter video game made by id Software in 1993. It is one of the first games to use three-dimensional levels. The game is about killing demons and zombies in order to stop an invasion. "Doom" has traps, including crushing ceilings, radiation pools, and exploding barrels, that can kill the player. "Doom" was also the first game with multiplayer deathmatch. This means you can fight with other players instead of the demons and zombies. The game was made with a computer language called C using some new techniques created by John Carmack.


title: Little Miss Sunshine

text: Little Miss Sunshine is a 2006 American independent comedy-drama road movie that was shown at the Sundance Film Festival. It is about a family who drives 800 miles from Albuquerque, New Mexico through Arizona to Redondo Beach, California in a Volkswagen Type 2 van so that the daughter to compete in a beauty contest for children. On the way they have many problems, and learn to assist and help each other.


title: Lemma (mathematics)

text: In mathematics, a lemma is a "mini-proof"; a small hypothesis which is proved and then provides a part of a more important theorem.


title: Mikoyan

text: Mikoyan is a Russian company that designs fighter airplanes. The company was first formed in December 1939 as a design office called Mikoyan-Gurevich or MiG, this was because its designers were Artem Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich. Mikoyan will join other Russian airplane companies in a new company called United Aircraft Corporation.


title: Limburg an der Lahn

text: Limburg an der Lahn (Limburg on the Lahn river) is a German town and the capital of the "Kreis" Limburg-Weilburg in the west of Hesse.


title: David IV of Georgia

text: David IV, also known as David II or David III, or David the Builder (Georgian: დავით აღმაშენებელი, "Davit Aghmashenebeli") (1073 – January 24, 1125), from the House of Bagrationi, was King of Georgia from 1089 to 1125.


title: Carnegie Mellon University

text: Carnegie Mellon University is a research university. It is in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is known for research in computer science. It is ranked #1 in the United States for computer science.


title: György Ligeti

text: György Sándor Ligeti (28 May 1923 – 12 June 2006) was a composer from Hungary. He was an important composer of avant-garde music. His music influenced many other composers. Some of his most famous works are an opera called "Le Grand Macabre", a piece for orchestra called "Atmosphères", a piece for choirs called "Lux Aeterna", and a Requiem. Stanley Kubrick used parts of "Atmosphères", "Lux Aeterna", and the Requiem for the soundtrack of his movie "". Many other movies use pieces of Ligeti's music on their soundtracks.


title: Emblem of Italy

text: The emblem of the Italian Republic () was formally adopted by the newly formed Italian Republic on 5 May 1948. It is composed by a five-pointed star (white with thin red border), over a cogwheel, between olive tree (left) and oak branches, bounded by a red ribbon with the legend "".


title: Chandrasekhar limit

text: The Chandrasekhar limit is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. Building on work by others, the Indian physicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar worked on the calculation. He published series of papers between 1931 and 1935. The Chandrasekhar limit is about 1.4 times the mass of the Sun.


title: Lamberto Dini

text: Lamberto Dini (born 1 March 1931) is an Italian politician and economist. He was the 51st Prime Minister of Italy from 1995 to 1996 and Foreign Minister from 1996 to 2001.


title: Mercedes Sosa

text: Haydée Mercedes Sosa (9 July 1935 – 4 October 2009) was an Argentine singer. She was popular throughout Latin America and many countries outside the continent. Sosa became one of the important examples of nueva canción. She gave voice to songs written by both Brazilians and Cubans. She was best known as the "voice of the voiceless ones".


title: Childbed fever

text: Childbed fever is an bacterial infection of the female reproductive tract, which occurs after a woman has given birth or after a miscarriage. It is also known as postpartum infection, or puerperal fever. In the developed world, it affects about one to two percent of all births. It can develop into a life-threatening sepsis. Cesarean section is one of the risk factors. For this reason, all women undergoing a Cesarean section receive antibiotics.


title: Out of Africa (movie)

text: Out of Africa is a 1985 American epic romantic drama movie directed and produced by Sydney Pollack. It stars Meryl Streep and Robert Redford. The movie is based on the 1937 autobiographical book "Out of Africa" written by Isak Dinesen, about her life in Kenya.


title: DNA repair

text: The rate of DNA repair depends on many factors, including the cell type, the age of the cell, and the extracellular environment. A cell that has accumulated a lot of DNA damage, or one that no longer effectively repairs damage, can enter one of three states:


title: Pelagie Islands

text: Because of deforestation, the islands are very barren. In the past they lived on agriculture, but nowadays they live on fishing and tourism.


title: Doom

text: It has five sequels: "Doom 2" that came out in 1994, "Final Doom" that came out in 1996, "Doom 3" that came out in 2004, Doom (2016), and Doom Eternal.


title: Lemma (mathematics)

text: A good small thing can lead to many big things. Some powerful results in mathematics are known as lemmas, such as Bézout's lemma, Dehn's lemma, Euclid's lemma, Farkas' lemma, Fatou's lemma, Gauss's lemma, Greendlinger's lemma, Itō's lemma, Jordan's lemma, Nakayama's lemma, Poincaré's lemma, Riesz's lemma, Schur's lemma, Schwarz's lemma, Urysohn's lemma, Yoneda's lemma and Zorn's lemma. While these results originally seemed too simple to get independent interest, they have turned out to be important to the theories in which they occur.


title: Mikoyan

text: In 1939 Russia was part of the Soviet Union and was communist. In the Soviet communist system there were two types of airplane companies, companies that designed aircraft known as design offices or OKB, and companies that made airplanes called zavods. Artom Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich had been designers in another design office helping a designer called Nikolai Polikarpov. One airplane design that Artem Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich worked on at Polikarpov was called the I-200. When Nikolai Polikarpov lost the trust of the Soviet leader Stalin, Artem Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich were given the I-200 design to finish. This airplane was given a new name and was called the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1. As it was being made, ways to make the MiG-1 into a better airplane were found and airplanes with these changes became known as the MiG-3 and later the MiG-7. However even with changes the MiG fighter airplanes were not as good as the fighter airplanes designed by the design offices of Lavochkin or Yakovlev.


title: György Ligeti

text: Ligeti was born in Transylvania. His family were Hungarian Jews. His father and his brother died in the Holocaust. After World War II he studied music in Budapest at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music. He was a music teacher at the Franz Liszt Academy from 1950 to 1956. He also composed music at that time. Much of his music then was influenced by Hungarian folk music. He was also influenced by the music of Béla Bartók, another Hungarian composer.


title: Chandrasekhar limit

text: The Chandrasekhar limit is the mass above which electron degeneracy pressure in the star's core is not enough to balance the star's own gravitational self-attraction. Then, white dwarfs with masses over the limit would gravitationally collapse into a neutron star or black hole. However, white dwarfs usually explode before they undergo collapse. Those with masses under the limit remain stable as white dwarfs.


title: Mercedes Sosa

text: Sosa suffered from breathing problems in later years. Sosa went into hospital in Buenos Aires on September 18, 2009. She died from multiple organ failure on October 4, 2009. She was aged 74.


title: Out of Africa (movie)

text: The movie also stars Michael Kitchen as Berkeley Cole, Malick Bowens as Farah, Stephen Kinyanjui as the Chief, Michael Gough as Lord Delamere, Suzanna Hamilton as Felicity, and the model and actress Iman as Mariammo.


title: DNA repair

text: The rate of DNA repair depends on many factors, including the cell type, the age of the cell, and the extracellular environment. Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection.


title: Doom

text: "Doom" is split into three basic components, the engine, the Iwad file, and the optional Pwad file. The engine contains the code needed to run the game on a computer. The Iwad file contains the default levels, sounds, pictures, and other components. Pwad files contain custom levels. The source code to the "Doom" engine was released in 1997 and can be downloaded for free. The full 3-episode and 4-episode Iwad files have not been released for free and must still be purchased.


title: Mikoyan

text: After World War II Mikoyan-Gurevich designed jet aircraft. In the Soviet system the airplane designs of the design offices would compete to see which was the best. When the best design had been found the design would be built by the airplane manufacturing company. Even though Mikoyan-Gurevich airplanes in World War II had not been as good as airplanes by Lavochkin or Yakovlev. Mikoyan-Gurevich jet aircraft won more of the competitions to be sent to the zavods and in the time of the Cold War Mikoyan-Gurevich, together with another design office called Sukhoi, became one of the two most important design offices of fighter planes in the Soviet Union.


title: György Ligeti

text: In 1956, the Soviet Union invaded Hungary. Ligeti decided to leave Hungary. He went to Vienna in Austria. He became a citizen of Austria but he also lived in Germany and in other countries. He composed his own music and he also taught other people how to compose music. He taught music composition in Stockholm, Sweden, at Stanford University in America, and at an important music school in Hamburg, Germany called the Hochschule für Musik und Theater. He retired from the Hamburg music school in 1989. Then he went back to live in Vienna. After 2000 his health was not good. Ligeti died in Vienna at the age of 83.


title: Out of Africa (movie)

text: The movie had mixed reviews from critics. However, "Out of Africa" won seven Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Director for Pollack.


title: DNA repair

text: Although different from each other, DNA damages and mutations are related because DNA damages often cause errors of DNA synthesis during replication or repair; these errors are a major source of mutation. DNA damages in frequently dividing cells, because they give rise to mutations, are a prominent cause of cancer. In contrast, DNA damages in infrequently dividing cells are likely a prominent cause of aging.


title: Doom

text: "Doom" is a shareware game of three episodes, each having eight standard levels and one secret level. The secret level in each episode is accessed by finding a secret exit in one of the normal levels. The episodes are "Knee-Deep In The Dead", "The Shores Of Hell" and "Inferno". In the shareware version the only episode that can be played is "Knee-Deep In The Dead". The expansion pack of "Doom" is "Ultimate Doom", which has the fourth episode, "Thy Flesh Consumed".


title: Mikoyan

text: In the Soviet system decisions were made to protect the government from its own soldiers. In many countries there is only one airforce, the Soviet Union had five airforces. Two of these airforces were the main users of Soviet fighter airplanes. One airforce was called "PVO Strany", this airforce was used to defend the cities and land of the Soviet Union. One airforce was called "Frontal Aviation", this airforce was used to defend the Soviet Union's ground soldiers against enemy fighter airplanes, and to attack enemy ground forces. Mikoyan-Gurevich became the main designer of aircraft for "Frontal Aviation".


title: György Ligeti

text: Ligeti was married two times. His first wife was Brigitte Löw. They were married in 1949. They were divorced in 1952. His second wife was Vera Spitz. He married her in 1952. She is a psychologist. Their son Lukas, born in 1965, is a composer.


title: DNA repair

text: The 2015 Nobel Prize for Chemistry went to three scientists who each discovered part of the DNA repair story.


title: Doom

text: In "Doom", the player can carry and use many different weapons. Each have their own special features and strengths. They are your Fists, the Pistol, Shotgun, Chaingun, Rocket Launcher, Plasma Gun, BFG-9000, and Chainsaw. The player gets new weapons by finding them in the level. Most weapons can be found in more than one level. Some weapons share ammo. For example, both the Pistol and Chaingun use bullets, and the Plasma Gun and BFG both use energy cells. The player must be careful not to waste ammo because if he or she does, there may be more than one weapon that cannot be used. The Fists and Chainsaw do not have ammo limits, so the player can use them as long as they want.


title: Doom

text: "Doom" was also made for the SNES, Sega 32X, PlayStation, Sega Saturn, 3DO, Atari Jaguar, and Game Boy Advance. It can also be downloaded online for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch.


title: Javier Solana

text: Francisco Javier Solana de Madariaga (born July 14, 1942 in Madrid) is a Spanish physicist, politician and diplomat.


title: Herse (moon)

text: Herse is a moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers led by Brett J. Gladman, "et al." in 2003 and called until 2009.


title: Hawthorne, California

text: Hawthorne is a city in Los Angeles County, California. Its population is 84,112. The area was first settled by the Shoshonian Indians during the 1500s.


title: Living fossil

text: Living fossil refers to life forms which have survived with little change for a long time, and which are still around today.


title: Moses Mabhida Stadium

text: The stadium co-hosted the 2010 FIFA World Cup. It is one of the 10 stadiums where World Cup matches were played. FIFA calls this stadium "Durban Stadium".


title: Maronite Church

text: Maronites (, transliterated: Mawārinah, , ) are members of one of the Syriac Eastern Catholic Churches, with a heritage reaching back to Maron in the early 5th century. The first Maronite patriarch, John Maron, was appointed in the late 7th century. Although reduced in numbers and estimated to have lost their status as a majority in Lebanon itself. Today, Maronites remain one of the principal religious groups in the country.


title: Jacques Anquetil

text: Jacques Anquetil (8 January 1934 – 18 November 1987), was a French road racing cyclist. He was the first cyclist to win the Tour de France five times, in 1957 and from 1961 to 1964. Anquetil was very good at riding time trials, and this helped him to win grand tours. He also won the Giro d'Italia in 1960 and 1964, and the Vuelta a España in 1963. This made him the first cyclist to win all three grand tours. In 1956 he rode 46.159 kilometres in one hour, making a new hour record.


title: Henry Fielding

text: Henry Fielding (22 April 1707 – 8 October 1754) was an English writer and magistrate. He was born in Sharpham, Somerset. He wrote many plays from 1728 until 1737. Then, he wrote many famous novels such as"Tom Jones", "Joseph Andrews", and "Amelia". He was friends with the writers Samuel Johnson and Christopher Smart and the politician William Pitt the Elder.


title: Vinca

text: Vinca (from Latin "vincire" "to bind, fetter") is a genus of five species in the family Apocynaceae, that grows in Europe, northwest Africa and southwest Asia. The common name, shared with the related genus "Catharanthus", is Periwinkle.


title: Tularemia

text: Tularemia (also called "Goblin Fever", "deer-fly fever", "Ohara fever" and "Francis disease") is a disease. Usually rodents get it. It is caused by a bacterium, "Francisella tularensis". There have been cases where the disease spread to humans. The disease can be treated with antibiotics.


title: John Henry Newman

text: John Henry Newman, (21 February 1801 – 11 August 1890) was an important person in Victorian Christianity in England. He was part of the Oxford Movement in Anglicanism which pushed for a more Catholic faith. He finally converted to the Roman Catholic Church in 1845. He was made a cardinal. He was beatified in 2010. He wrote many books, including an autobiography, and "The Dream of Gerontius".


title: Romanus IV

text: Romanos IV Diogenes also known as Romanus IV, was the Byzantine emperor from 1068 to 1071. He was a member of the Byzantine military aristocracy and became Emperor when he married the widowed empress Eudokia Makrembolitissa. He tried to stop the decline of his armies and to stop Turkish army from attacking the Byzantine Empire. In 1071 he was captured and his army defeated at the Battle of Manzikert. While he was still a prisoner, he was replaced as emperor. After his release he was quickly defeated and detained by members of the Doukas family. In 1072, he was blinded and sent to a monastery, where he died of his wounds.


title: Fort Bend County, Texas

text: Fort Bend County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 585,375 people lived there. The county seat is Richmond. The largest city in the county is Sugar Land.


title: 2012 Summer Paralympics

text: The 2012 Summer Paralympic Games, the fourteenth Summer Paralympic Games, took place in London, England, United Kingdom. 4,237 athletes from 164 countries were at the Games. People with these types of disabilities competed at the games: spinal injury, amputee, blindness, cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and Les Autres. It is the second sport event held in the United Kingdom after the 2012 Summer Olympics. Growing interest in Paralympic sport worldwide and Great Britain's success during the recent Summer Olympics made more people want tickets than ever before, breaking many sales records.


title: Oskar Kokoschka

text: Oskar Kokoschka (1 March 1886 – 22 February 1980) was an Austrian artist, poet and playwright. He is best known for his intense expressionistic portraits and landscapes.


title: Femme Fatale

text: Femme Fatale is the seventh studio album by American recording artist Britney Spears. It was released on March 25, 2011 by Jive Records.


title: Konstantinos Stephanopoulos

text: Konstantinos "Kostis" Stephanopoulos (, August 15, 1926 – November 20, 2016) was a Greek conservative politician. He served as President of Greece from 1995 to 2005. He was the longest serving president of the Third Hellenic Republic.


title: Hungarian Parliament Building

text: The Hungarian Parliament Building ( ) is the seat of the National Assembly of Hungary, it is a popular landmark of Hungary and a tourist destination in Budapest.


title: Pearl millet

text: Pearl millet is the most widely grown type of millet. It has been grown since prehistoric times. It was problably domesticated in the Sahel zone of West Africa. Evidence that has been found in what is now northern Mali, suggests that domestication of pearl millet happened there between 2500 and 2000 BC. It was then cultivated more widely. There is evidence that around 2000 BC; there was cultivated pearl millet on the Indian subcontinent. It probably reached the south of India around 1500 BC. Cultivation also spread in Africa. Today, it is widely grown in the northern parts of Nigeria. It is easy to grow, and adapted to harsh weather conditions such as drought, and floods. It was introduced to the United States in the 1850s, and to Brazil in the 1960s.


title: Corpus Juris Civilis

text: The Corpus Iuris Civilis (sometimes also called Corpus Juris Civilis) is a collection of laws regarding Roman civil law. It was first compiled in the 6th century, during the reign of Iustinan I. After the fall of the Roman empire it was mostly forgotten. It was re-discovered in the 11th century. During the Middle Ages it was an important source of civil law for most countries in Europe.


title: Javier Solana

text: He is the former Secretary General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and also the former European Union foreign policy chief.


title: Herse (moon)

text: Herse is about 2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 22,134,000 km in 672.716 days, at an inclination of 162° to the ecliptic (161° to Jupiter's equator), with an orbital eccentricity of 0.2379.


title: Hawthorne, California

text: Marilyn Monroe lived in Hawthorne until she was six. The Beach Boys members Brian Wilson, Carl Wilson, and Dennis Wilson grew up there. George Harrison's second wife, Olivia Harrison graduated from Hawthorne High School.


title: Living fossil

text: Living fossils are not identical to their ancestors, of course. But they lived in the same or similar environments, and their adaptations suggest that their life-style was the same, or very similar.


title: Maronite Church

text: Before the conquest by Arabian Muslims reached Lebanon, which resulted in the Arabization of both those who would become Islamized and those that would remain non-Islamized, the Lebanese people, including Maronites, spoke a dialect of Aramaic, but have been Arabic-speaking since at least the 15th century. Syriac however, still remains the liturgical language of the Maronite Church.


title: Henry Fielding

text: Fielding went to school at Eton College. In 1728, he left school to go to London and write plays. The License Act shut down the London theatre in 1737 and Fielding began to write novels. Then, he became a magistrate and created the Bow Street Runners, London's first police force.


title: Vinca

text: They are subshrubs or herbaceous, and have slender stems 1–2 m (3–6 feet) long but not growing more than 20–70 cm (8-30 inches) above ground; the stems frequently take root where they touch the ground, so the plant can spread widely


title: Tularemia

text: Cases of tularemia should be reported to the local health authority. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention think "F. tularensis" could possibly be a bioweapons agent. For this reason, it has been included in the biological warfare programs of the USA, USSR and Japan at various times. A former Soviet biological weapons scientist, Kenneth Alibek, has said that an outbreak of Tularemia among German soldiers shortly before the siege of Stalingrad was due to intentional release of F. tularensis by Soviet forces, but this claim is rejected by others who have studied the outbreak. In the USA, practical research into using Tularemia as a bioweapon took place at Camp Detrick in the 1950s. It was viewed as an attractive agent because:


title: John Henry Newman

text: At the age of 15, during his last year at school, Newman was converted, an incident of which he wrote in his "Apologia" that it was "more certain than that I have hands or feet".


title: Oskar Kokoschka

text: Kokoschka's first jobs were postcards and drawings for children. In his early career he did portraits of Viennese celebrities. He was in the Austrian army in World War I and was wounded. At the hospital, the doctors said he was mentally unstable. He traveled across Europe and painted the landscape.


title: Javier Solana

text: Solana was studying in both the United Kingdom and the United States before returning to Spain with Nicolás Cabrera, and becoming a professor of solid state physics in the Complutense University.


title: Herse (moon)

text: It is the closest member of the Carme group, made up of non-spherical retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23,000,000 and 24,000,000 km and at an inclination of about 165°.


title: Henry Fielding

text: In 1754, he became sick and he went to Lisbon, Portugal to be treated. He died in Lisbon and was buried in the English Cemetery.


title: Tularemia

text: By the late 1950s the US biological warfare program was focused mostly on tularemia as a biological agent. The Schu S4 strain was standardized as Agent UL for use in the M143 bursting spherical bomblet. It was a lethal biological with an anticipated fatality rate of 40 to 60 percent. The rate-of-action was around three days, with a duration-of-action of one to three weeks (treated) and two to three months (untreated) with frequent relapses. UL was streptomycin resistant. The aerobiological stability of UL was a major concern, being sensitive to sun light, and losing virulence over time after release.


title: Oskar Kokoschka

text: Kokoschka had an affair with Alma Mahler. She stopped the relationship. He continued to love her his entire life. One of his greatest works "The Bride of the Wind" ("The Tempest"), is a tribute to her. His poem "Allos Markar" was about this relationship.


title: Javier Solana

text: Having already joined the banned PSOE left-wing party in 1964, he became one of its leaders when it became legal in 1977. He became a Cabinet Minister, serving first as Minister for Culture and party spokesman, then Minister for Education, then Minister for Foreign Affairs, before being made NATO boss in December 1995, just as the Dayton agreement saw the IFOR NATO peacekeeping mission enter the former Yugoslavia. He was also involved in the Kosovo bombings, and the negotiations that led to an eventual peace.


title: Tularemia

text: The United States later changed the military symbol for UL to TT (wet-type) and ZZ (dry-type) in an effort to retain security on the identity of military biologicals. When the 425 strain was standardized as agent JT (an incapacitant rather than lethal agent), the Schu S4 strain's symbol was changed again to SR.


title: Oskar Kokoschka

text: Deemed a degenerate by the Nazis, Kokoschka left Austria in 1934 for Prague. In 1938, when the Czechs were coming for Wehrmacht, he fled to the United Kingdom. He stayed there during the war.


title: Tularemia

text: No vaccine is available to the general public. The best way to prevent tularemia infection is to wear rubber gloves when handling or skinning rodents or lagomorphs (as rabbits), avoid ingesting uncooked wild game and untreated water sources, and wearing long-sleeved clothes and using an insect repellent to prevent tick bites.


title: Oskar Kokoschka

text: Kokoschka became a British citizen in 1946. In 1978 he got back Austrian citizenship. He traveled to the United States in 1947. Then he moved to Switzerland. He lived there the rest of his life. He died in Montreux.


title: Tularemia

text: In summer 2000, an outbreak of tularemia in Martha's Vineyard resulted in one dead person. It brought the interest of the CDC as a potential investigative ground for aerosolized "Francisella tularensis". Over the following summers, Martha's Vineyard was identified as the only place in the world where documented cases of tularemia resulted from lawn mowing. The research may prove valuable in preventing bioterrorism.


title: Oskar Kokoschka

text: Kokoschka's literary works are as odd and interesting as his art. His memoir, "A Sea Ringed with Visions", is as wildly psychedelic as anything written by others under the influence of actual hallucinogens. His short play "Murderer, the Hope of Women" is often called the first Expressionist drama. His "Orpheus und Eurydike" (1918) became an opera by Ernst Krenek.


title: Tularemia

text: In 2004, three researchers at Boston University Medical Center were accidentally infected with "F. tularensis", after apparently failing to follow safety procedures.


title: Tularemia

text: In 2005, small amounts of "F. tularensis" were detected in the Mall area of Washington, DC the morning after an anti-war demonstration on September 24, 2005. Biohazard sensors were triggered at six locations surrounding the Mall. To this date, no cases of tularemia infection have been reported as a result.


title: Tularemia

text: In 2007, a lab of Boston University's Center for Advanced Biomedical Research, where "F. tularensis" were being kept for research, was evacuated after smoke set off alarms. An investigation has later determined that an electrical problem was the culprit, and no bacterial contamination was found.


title: Tularemia

text: In July 2007, an outbreak was reported in the Spanish autonomous region of Castile and León and traced to the plague of voles infesting the region.


title: European plaice

text: European plaice ("Pleuronectes platessa") is the name for a kind of fish. They are a commercially important flatfish. They live on the sandy bottoms of the European shelf. Its geographical range is from the Barents Sea to the Mediterranean. Plaice are characterised by their smooth, brown skin, red spots and bony ridge behind the eyes.


title: Folk metal

text: Folk metal is a type of heavy metal music that started in Europe in the 1990s. This music is a mixture of heavy metal and traditional folk music. Folk instruments are used a lot and sometimes traditional singing styles are also used.


title: S.P.A.L.

text: Società Polisportiva Ars et Labor, commonly known as S.P.A.L. (), is a professional football club from Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The club was founded in 1907 and plays in Serie B, the second tier of Italian football. They have played their home matches at Stadio Paolo Mazza since 1928.


title: Xinhua News Agency

text: Xinhua News Agency (English pronunciation: ), or New China News Agency, is the official state press agency of the People's Republic of China. Xinhua is the largest media organization in China. It is also the largest news agency based on by the number of worldwide correspondents. Xinhua is a part of the State Council. It is the highest ranking media outlet in the country. He Ping, President of Xinhua, is a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).


title: Marc-Antoine Charpentier

text: Marc-Antoine Charpentier (born near Paris, 1643; died Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, 24 February 1704) was a French composer. He lived in the period known as the Baroque period. His most famous music is his "Te Deum". This work begins with a prelude which today is extremely popular. It was the signature tune for the European Broadcasting Union where it was used to introduce programmes such as the Vienna New Year's Concert and the Eurovision Song Contest. It is often used as a voluntary for weddings.


title: Gurkha

text: Gurkhas (Gorkhas) are North Indian or Nepali citizens of Khas origin recruited into the British Army, and now also recruited into the modern Nepali and Indian Armies. They come from the mountains of India and are best known for their courage, honesty, and loyalty.


title: National Academy of Sciences

text: National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is United States corporation whose members serve as advisers to the nation on science. New members of the organization are elected annually by current members, based on their distinguished and continuing achievements in original research.


title: Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria

text: Pope Shenouda III (3 August 1923 – 17 March 2012) was the 117th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. His papacy lasted for forty years, four months, and four days from 14 November 1971 until his death on 17 March 2012.


title: Judith Resnik

text: Judith Arlene Resnik (April 5, 1949 – January 28, 1986) was an American engineer, pilot and NASA astronaut. She died when the Space Shuttle "Challenger" was destroyed during the launch of mission STS-51-L. She was also aboard Space Shuttle "Discovery" for its first mission, STS-41-D in 1984. She spent 145 hours in space. She was the first Jewish American in space and the first Jewish woman in space.


title: Lashkar Gah

text: Lashkar Gah () (), also called Bost, is a city in southern Afghanistan and the capital of Helmand Province. It is located in Lashkar Gah district, and is between the Helmand and Arghandab rivers. The city has a population of 201,546 as of 2006.


title: Abel

text: Abel is the brother of Cain who, according to the Bible, was murdered by his brother for misplaced jealousy and envy.


title: Premenstrual syndrome

text: Premenstrual syndrome is a collection of emotional symptoms and conditions, with or without conditions that are physical. To actually declare PMS, certain emotional symptoms are present, the most common of which include stress, anxiety, problems falling asleep (insomnia) and mood issues. The condition affects many females.


title: Weesp

text: Weesp is a former municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2021, about 20,400 people lived there.


title: Pâté

text: Pâté is a mixture of ground or pureed meat and fat. "Pâté" means "paste" in French. Pâté can be in the form of a meatloaf or a spread that can be put onto bread with a knife.


title: Post box

text: A post box, also known as pillar box, also known as a collection box, mailbox, letter box or drop box (American English) is a box where people can put mail for sending. The mail is collected by the agents of the postal service.


title: European plaice

text: In Danish cuisine they are one of the most commonly eaten fishes. Filleted, battered and pan-fried plaice is popular hot or cold as an open sandwich topping together with remoulade sauce and lemon slices. Battered plaice can also be served hot with french fries and remoulade sauce as a main dish; this fish and chips variant is commonly available as a children's special in Danish restaurants. Breaded frozen plaice, ready to be baked or fried at home, are readily available in supermarkets. Fresh plaice is also oven-baked.


title: Folk metal

text: The earliest example of folk metal was the English band Skyclad. Their first album "The Wayward Sons of Mother Earth" was made in 1990. In 1994 and 1995 more folk metal bands appeared in Europe and Israel. Some of these early bands were the Irish band Cruachan, the Israeli band Orphaned Land, and the German band Subway to Sally. Each band started to develop their own kind of folk metal. These styles became Celtic metal, Oriental metal and Medieval metal.