title: Consumption (economics)

text: Consumption is a major concept from economics. Consumers spend all their income. Some of this income is spent on buying the products and services they need - this is called consumption. John Maynard Keynes talked about consumer spending and a consumption function which expresses how households spend their income. Different schools of economics define this consumption function differently, but they agree on the basic mechanism how consumption works.


title: Geert Wilders

text: He began working as an assistant (helper) for Frits Bolkestein in 1990. In September 2004, he left People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD in Dutch, the language spoken in the Netherlands). After that he made his own party named Groep Wilders. Later he changed the name to Partij voor de Vrijheid (Party for Freedom or PVV).


title: Gendarmerie

text: The term gendarme comes from the old medieval French "Gens d'armes". In English, it can be translated as men-at-arms. In Italy, they are called "carabinieri". In first use, a troop of horsemen equipped with a carbine.


title: Geert Wilders

text: Fitna is a short movie made by Wilders. It was released on the Internet on 27 March 2008. Wilders' goal was to show people what he thinks about Islamization, using this movie.


title: Gendarmerie

text: Like the police, it has a role in road safety and surveillance of military places. The gendarmerie also provides mountain rescue capability. In conflict zones, the gendarmerie's function is the restoration of law and order as a provost unit. In addition to the police, the gendarmerie has military equipments such as armored transport.


title: Gendarmerie

text: The use of military units for civilian police is common to many eras and cultures. Belgium and Austria had gendarmeries (Royal Guard), but they merged with civilian police. Many former French colonies, particularly in Africa, have kept gendarmeries. The common symbol of the gendarmerie is the inflamed grenade. This symbol was used first by the French gendarmerie.


title: Protractor

text: The protractor is a tool used to measure angles. It usually has marks with labels of the degrees. Protractors are usually half circles or full circles.


title: Conglomerate (geology)

text: A conglomerate is a rock consisting of individual clasts within a finer-grained matrix that have become cemented together.


title: Nellore

text: Nellore is a city in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located in the banks of Penna River. It is the fourth most populous city in Andhra Pradesh. The city is well known for agriculture and aquaculture.It is the headquarters of the Nellore district. The total population of the city is 600,869.Density is 4000/km.


title: Douglas Fairbanks

text: Douglas Fairbanks was a silent movie actor. He was born on May 23, 1883. He is best known for "The Thief of Bagdad", "Robin Hood", and "The Mark of Zorro". He was a "swashbuckler" in the movies. A swashbuckler is an athletic, romantic hero. He married Mary Pickford in 1920. They lived in a Hollywood home called Pickfair. He was called "The King of Hollywood". His movie career went south when the "talkies" came along. Fairbanks was also a screenwriter, a director, and a producer. He was a founding member of both United Artists and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. He hosted the first Oscars Ceremony in 1929. He died on December 12, 1939. His son, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. was also an actor.


title: Carla Gugino

text: Carla Gugino (born August 29, 1971) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in "Spy Kids", "Sin City", "Watchmen", "Son in Law", and in "Night at the Museum".


title: Conglomerate (geology)

text: Conglomerates are sedimentary rocks consisting of rounded fragments and are thus differentiated from breccias, which consist of angular clasts. Both conglomerates and breccias have clasts larger than sand (>2 mm).


title: Nellore

text: The name is said to be taken from Purana that depicts, a linga under the Nelli tree(Amla or Indian gooseberry). From then the place is called as Nelli-ooru then the name emerged as Nellore. It is said that the city existed since the Mauryan dynasty.


title: Nellore

text: The main economy of the city is based on agriculture and aquaculture. The main productive is Shrimp culturing.The Nellore city is located near the coastal region of Bay of Bengal.


title: Edom

text: Edom is a name given to Esau, the brother of Jacob, in the Hebrew Bible. It also means the nation that came from him. The nation's name in Assyrian was Udumi. In Syriac it was '. In Greek, it was ' (Idoumaía). In Latin, it was ' or '.


title: Nauplion

text: Nauplion is a Greek city. It is in the Argolida's prefecture, in the east of Peloponnese peninsula. Near Nauplio is the historical city of Argos. Nauplio was the first capital of Greece. Nauplio is a coastal city. It has three castles. The most famous are the Palamidi castle, and Bourtzi castle which is on the islet in front of the port. The population of Nauplion is 13,124 inhabitants.


title: Hyoid

text: The hyoid is a horseshoe-shaped bone in the front of the neck. between the chin and the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple). At rest, it lies at the level of the mandible in the front and the third cervical vertebra behind.


title: Elizabeth Warren

text: Elizabeth Ann Warren (née Herring; born June 22, 1949) is an American politician and Senior United States Senator of Massachusetts since January 3, 2013. She is a Democrat and a bankruptcy law expert. She was also an assistant to President Barack Obama. She supports student loan forgiveness, banking regulation, and consumer protection regulations.


title: Horsehead nebula

text: The nebula is part of the much larger Orion complex. The nebula is located just to the south of the star Alnitak. Alniak is the farthest east on Orion's Belt. It is part of the much larger Orion Molecular Cloud Complex.


title: Cloaca

text: The cloaca is a common rear opening in land vertebrates. Through this opening, the animals expel urine and faeces, and carry out reproduction.


title: Isoprene

text: Isoprene is a common organic compound produced by living things. Its full chemical name is 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and its formula is CH=C(CH)−CH=CH. Isoprene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. It is produced by many plants and animals (including humans). Its polymers are the main component of natural rubber.


title: Rodrigues

text: Rodrigues (French: "Île Rodrigues"; Creole: "Rodrig") is an island in the Indian Ocean. It belongs to the Mascarene Islands and is part of the Republic of Mauritius.


title: Edom

text: The Edomite people were a Semitic-speaking tribal people. They lived in the Negev Desert and the Arabah valley. The Arabah valley is now the south of Dead Sea and next to the Jordan. The area has much red sandstone. This may have made the name "Edom". The nation of Edom is known to have existed back to the 8th or 9th century BC. The Bible dates it back several centuries further. Recent archaeological proof may show an Edomite nation as long ago as the 11th century BC. However, people are not completely sure. Others argue that the 8th or 9th century dates are right. The nation stopped being a settled state after the Jewish-Roman Wars.


title: Nauplion

text: Nauplion was the second capital of Greece. In 1834 the king Otto carried the capital to Athens. Nauplion was one of the first cities which were liberated during Greek War of Independence.


title: Hyoid

text: Unlike other bones, the hyoid is not directly connected to other bones. It is connected only to muscles and ligaments. The hyoid aids in tongue movement and swallowing. The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of the mouth and the tongue above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind.


title: Elizabeth Warren

text: Warren was an unsuccessful candidate for the 2020 Democratic nomination. Warren was seen as a possible running mate pick for Joe Biden's campaign.


title: Horsehead nebula

text: The nebula was first recorded in 1888 by Scottish astronomer Williamina Fleming. It was recorded on photographic plate B2312 taken at the Harvard College Observatory. The Horsehead Nebula is about 1500 light years from Earth. It is one of the most known nebulae because of its shape when seen from Earth.


title: Cloaca

text: The cloaca is a primitive or 'basal' feature of tetrapods. All amphibia, all sauropsids (reptiles and birds) and even monotreme mammals have a cloaca.


title: Isoprene

text: Isoprene is produced and emitted by many species of trees (major producers are oaks, poplars, eucalyptus, and some legumes). Yearly production of isoprene emissions by vegetation is around 600 million metric tons, half from tropical broadleaf trees (that is, flowering plants) and the rest mainly from shrubs.


title: Rodrigues

text: Its size is 108 km². About 42,000 people were living on this island in 2014. Main town is Port Mathurin.


title: Nauplion

text: Nauplion has many sites of interest. The most interest sites are its three castle. Its old neighborhoods are also very beautiful places for visit. In Nauplion there are many old beautiful buildings from previous century.


title: Hyoid

text: Due to its position, the hyoid bone does not fracture easily. In a suspected case of murder, a fractured hyoid strongly indicates throttling or strangulation However, this is not the case in children and adolescents, because their hyoid bone is still flexible as ossification is yet to be completed.


title: Elizabeth Warren

text: Before she was a senator, Warren taught bankruptcy law at Harvard Law School. She interviewed hundreds of people who were going through bankruptcy or struggling to avoid bankruptcy. She gained a thorough understanding of the causes of bankruptcy and financial difficulties that families face in the United States. She wrote several books about these struggles, and about the institutions that make money by making it hard for people to escape from these difficulties.


title: Horsehead nebula

text: The dark cloud of dust and gas is a region in the Orion nebula where star formation is taking place. The nebula contains over 100 known organic and inorganic gases. It also consists of large and complex organic molecules.


title: Cloaca

text: A different method is used by therian mammals, such as marsupials and placentals. They have an anus for defecation, and another opening for urine and sexual reproduction.


title: Isoprene

text: This is about the same as methane emissions. It accounts for about one-third of all hydrocarbons released into the atmosphere. In deciduous forests, isoprene makes up about 80% of hydrocarbon emissions. Microscopic and macroscopic algae also produce isoprene, but much less than trees.


title: Elizabeth Warren

text: She and her daughter Amelia Warren Tyagi are the co-authors of a book called The Two-Income Trap. Warren has also written several other books, including A Fighting Chance and This Fight is Our Fight.


title: Horsehead nebula

text: The red or pinkish glow comes from hydrogen gas behind the nebula. Magnetic fields channel the gases leaving the nebula into streams that show as streaks in the background glow. A glowing strip of hydrogen gas marks the edge of the massive cloud. Thee densities of stars are different on either side.


title: Isoprene

text: Isoprene emission may help trees use to combat stress. In particular, isoprene does protect against moderate heat stress (around 40 °C). It may also protect plants against large fluctuations in leaf temperature. Isoprene is built into cell membranes and helps membranes keep stable.


title: Elizabeth Warren

text: In 2011, she was an advisor for the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, a government agency that protects consumers from unfair practices of banks, payday lenders, student loan providers, credit card companies, collection agencies, for-profit colleges and universities, and the collection departments of health maintenance organizations (HMOs).


title: Horsehead nebula

text: The darkness of the Horsehead is caused by thick dust blocking the light of stars behind it. The lower part of the Horsehead's neck casts a shadow to the left. Bright spots in the Horsehead Nebula's base are young stars just in the process of forming.


title: Elizabeth Warren

text: Warren announced her plans to run for President in the 2020 election in December 2018. In February 2019, she announced her candidacy for president. Warren ended her campaign on March 5, 2020 after failing to win any primaries and falling to third place in Massachusetts' primary. After Joe Biden won the nomination, she became one of the final four finalists for his running mate pick.


title: Tsuyoshi Kitazawa

text: Kitazawa was born in Machida on August 10, 1968. After graduating from Shutoku High School, he joined Japan Soccer League club Honda in 1987. He was the top scorer of the league in the 1990/91 season. He moved to Yomiuri (later "Verdy Kawasaki", "Tokyo Verdy") in 1991. The club won the league champions in 1991/92 and 1991 JSL Cup. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and the club joined new league, J1 League. Kitazawa, together with his teammates Kazuyoshi Miura, Ruy Ramos, Nobuhiro Takeda, Tetsuji Hashiratani and Bismarck made in the early 1990s the golden era of Verdy who won the J1 League championship (1993 and 1994) and J.League Cup (1992, 1993, and 1994). He finished his playing career as a Verdy player in 2002.


title: Tiësto

text: Tijs Michiel Verwest, also called Tiësto, is a Dutch musician. He was born on January 17, 1969 in the Netherlands.


title: Koios

text: Coeus is the Titan of intelligence in Greek mythology. With his sister Phoebe his children are Leto, and Asteria.


title: Johann Pachelbel

text: Johann Pachelbel (born in Nuremberg, baptized 1 September, 1653; died in Nürnberg, buried 9 March, 1706) was a German composer and organist. He is very famous for his organ music. He also wrote other keyboard music and music for the Protestant church. His "Canon in D" has become a very popular piece of music and is very often played today at church weddings and other events.


title: Purchasing power

text: Purchasing power is a relation between labor and money. Some people have money. Adam Smith says that the purchasing power is the amount of money needed to labour (goods or services) from other people.


title: Cucurbitales

text: The Cucurbitales is an order of flowering plants, included in the rosid group of dicotyledons. This order mostly belongs to tropical areas, with limited presence in subtropic and temperate regions. The order includes various shrubs and trees, together with many herbs and climbing plants.


title: Teide National Park

text: Teide National Park is the most visited National Park in Spain and also one of the most visited National Parks in the world.


title: Cyborg

text: A cyborg (short for "cybernetic organism") is a theoretical or fictional being with both organic and manufactured parts.


title: Tsuyoshi Kitazawa

text: Kitazawa was capped 58 times and scored 3 goals for the Japan national team between 1991 and 1999. He made his international debut on June 2, 1991 in a friendly against Thailand, under national manager Kenzo Yokoyama. He was a member of the Japan team for the 1992 Asian Cup that Japan won. He took part in Japan's unsuccessful campaign to qualify for the 1994 World Cup. He was a member of the Asian final qualification stage that was held centrally in Doha and played two games. He was on the bench when the Iraqi's injury-time equaliser dashed Japan's qualification hope in the last qualifier, in the match that the Japanese fans now remember as the "Agony of Doha" (). Kitazawa was short-listed for the 1998 World Cup, but national manager Takeshi Okada dropped him along with Kazuyoshi Miura and Daisuke Ichikawa at the final training camp in Nyon, Switzerland.


title: Johann Pachelbel

text: He was brought up in Nürnberg and had his first music lessons there. In 1669 he went to study at the university of Altdorf, but after a year he had to leave because his father could not afford to keep him. About a year later he went to study at the Gymnasium Poeticum in Regensburg. The directors of that school must have realized that he was an extremely talented musician, because they made an extra scholarship for him and allowed him to have special music lessons outside the school.


title: Cucurbitales

text: One of major characteristics of the Cucurbitales is the presence of unisexual flowers, with thick pointed petals (whenever present). The pollination is usually performed by insects, but wind pollination, where flowers use the wind to move pollen from one flower to the next, is also present (in Coriariaceae and Datiscaceae).


title: Teide National Park

text: Located in Tenerife (Canary Islands), it is centered around 3718m Mount Teide, the highest mountain of Spain and the islands of the Atlantic (it is the third largest volcano in the world from its base). It was declared a National Park on 22 January 1954, making it one of the oldest national parks in Spain.


title: Cyborg

text: The term was coined in 1960. D.S. Halacy's "Cyborg: evolution of the superman" in 1965 spoke of a "new frontier" that was "not merely space, but more profoundly the relationship between 'inner space' to 'outer space' – a bridge...between mind and matter".


title: Tsuyoshi Kitazawa

text: Kitazawa represented Japan national futsal team in the 1989 Futsal World Championship hosted by the Netherlands.


title: Johann Pachelbel

text: In 1673 he went to Vienna where he was deputy organist at St Stephen’s Church. He heard a lot more music there, especially the music of the catholic composers of South Germany and Italy. After a short while at Eisenach he got the job of organist at the Predigerkirche in Erfurt.


title: Cucurbitales

text: The order consists of roughly 2600 species in eight families. The largest families are Begoniaceae (begonia family) with 1400 species and Cucurbitaceae (gourd family) with 825 species.


title: Teide National Park

text: The park has an area of 18,990 hectares and was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO on 28 June 2007. Since the end of 2007, it has also been one of the 12 Treasures of Spain. Midway up the mountain are the telescopes of the Observatorio del Teide. Territorially, it belongs to the municipality of La Orotava.


title: Cyborg

text: The term cyborg is not the same thing as bionic. It is often applied to an organism that has restored or enhanced abilities, done by some artificial part, by or technology that relies on some sort of feedback.


title: Johann Pachelbel

text: In 1681 he married, but his wife and their baby boy died in the plague. In 1684 he married again and the couple had five sons and two daughters. Pachelbel taught Johann Christoph Bach who later taught Johann Sebastian Bach.


title: Cucurbitales

text: The large families of Cucurbitales include several economically important plants. Specifically, the Cucurbitaceae are responsible for some food species, such as squash, pumpkin (both from "Cucurbita"), watermelon ("Citrullus vulgaris"), melon and cucumber (both "Cucumis"). The Begoniaceae are known for their horticultural species, of which there are over 130.


title: Cyborg

text: While cyborgs are commonly thought of as mammals, they might also conceivably be any kind of organism and the term "cybernetic organism" has been applied loosely to all sorts of things. The term can also apply to micro-organisms which are modified to perform at higher levels than their unmodified counterparts. It is thought that cyborg technology may form a part of humanity's future.


title: Johann Pachelbel

text: Pachelbel became a very famous organist. He stayed in Erfurt until 1690. After another five years he became organist at St Sebald, Nürnberg where he stayed for the rest of his life.


title: Johann Pachelbel

text: Pachelbel is best known for his organ music. He wrote many organ pieces based on chorales while he was in Erfurt. In Nürnberg he wrote many pieces called "Magnificat" fugues. These were preludes which were played before the singers sang the Magnificat. His organ music also includes toccatas, ricercares, fantasias and ciacconas. He wrote many suites for harpsichord and chamber music and vocal music.


title: Defensive wall

text: A defensive wall is a fortification used to defend a city from potential aggressors. In ancient to modern times, they were used to enclose settlements. Generally, these are referred to as city walls or town walls, although there were also walls, such as the Great Wall of China, Hadrian's Wall, and the metaphorical Atlantic Wall, which extended far beyond the borders of a city and were used to enclose regions or mark territorial boundaries. Beyond their defensive value many walls also had important symbolic functions — representing the status and independence of the communities they embraced.


title: Minato, Tokyo

text: Minato is on Toyko Bay. It borders Shinagawa on the south. Meguro is southwest of the ward. Shibuya is on the ward's western border. Shinjuku, Chiyoda and Chūō are on the norther border.


title: Hagerstown, Maryland

text: Hagerstown () is a city in northwestern Maryland, United States. It is the county seat of Washington County, and one of the largest cities in a region known as Western Maryland. The population of Hagerstown city according to 2008 estimates by the United States Census Bureau is 39,728, and the total 2000 Urbanized Area population is 120,326 (~80,000 in MD).


title: Gianni Rivera

text: Giovanni "Gianni" Rivera (; born 18 August 1943) is an Italian politician and former footballer who played as a midfielder. During his career as a footballer he was mostly used as an attacking midfielder.


title: Rudaki

text: Abu Abdullah Jafar ibn Mohammad ibn Hakim ibn Abdurrahman ibn Adam Rudaki Samarghandi (859 - c. 941) () or Rudaki was a Persian poet. He was born in Panjakent, Tajikistan and lived in Samarghand. Rudaki translated the old Indian fable book Panchatantra into Persian verse. His poems are collected in diwan.


title: Mario Andretti

text: Mario Gabriele Andretti (born February 28, 1940) is a retired racecar driver. He won the 1969 Indianapolis 500, the 1978 Formula One championship and won the 1967 Daytona 500. He is called the most successful American racecar driver.


title: Hattie McDaniel

text: Hattie McDaniel (June 10, 1895 – October 26, 1952) was an American actress and singer. She was born in Wichita, Kansas. She made her movie debut in the 1932 movie, The Golden West. McDaniel is probably best known for her role as "Mammy" in the 1939 movie, Gone with the Wind where she won a Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress making her the first African-American to win a Academy Award.


title: Telemundo

text: Telemundo is an American Spanish language television channel. The channel reaches 58 percent of Hispanic and Latino Americans. On average the channel gets a total of 1,035,000 viewers during prime time hours, Monday through Friday.


title: Google AdSense

text: Google AdSense is a program that is run by Google. It lets publishers that are part of Google Display Network show Internet advertisements that are targeted to the site content and the audience. The advertisements can have words, images, videos, or other media. The advertisements are hosted, sorted, and maintained by Google.


title: Diophantine equation

text: A Diophantine equation is an equation that only takes integer coefficients, and that can be written as formula_1, where "f" is a polynomial. Diophantine analysis is a branch of mathematical analysis, concerned with such equations. Typical questions include:


title: René Coty

text: Jules Gustave René Coty (; 20 March 188222 November 1962) was President of France from 1954 to 1959. He was the second and last president of the Fourth French Republic.


title: Hagerstown, Maryland

text: Hagerstown anchors the Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, which lies just northwest of the Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV Combined Statistical Area in the Great Appalachian Valley. The population of the metropolitan area in 2000 was 222,771 and the 2008 estimate is 263,753 (U.S. Rank 169). It is the fastest growing metro area in the State of Maryland and among the fastest growing in the United States.


title: Diophantine equation

text: Very often such problems were unresolved for centuries. With time, mathematicians came to understand their depth (in some cases), rather than treat them as puzzles. The equation is named after Diophantus of Alexandria, a mathematician, who described them first. The restriction on integer coefficients makes sense, when one is concerned about finding Divisors, or in the case of modular arithmetic. In everyday life, many equations solve problems where only whole numbers make sense: A product is composed of many parts, but only whole pieces can be produced.


title: Hagerstown, Maryland

text: Hagerstown is a center of transit and commerce. Interstates 81 and 70, CSX, Norfolk Southern, and the Winchester and Western railroads, and Hagerstown Regional Airport cross in the city. Hagerstown is also the chief commercial and industrial hub for a greater Tri-State Area that includes much of Western Maryland as well as great extents of South Central Pennsylvania and the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia. Hagerstown has often been referred to as and is nicknamed the "Hub City".


title: Diophantine equation

text: Some diophantine equations are very famous. These include the Pythagorean triple, Fermat's Last Theorem and Pell's equation. Hilbert's tenth problem was to find an algorithm to decide, whether a given Diophantine equation has an integer solution.


title: Royal Opera House

text: The Royal Opera House is a famous opera house in London. Sometimes it is called "Covent Garden" because it is in the area of London called Covent Garden. The Royal Opera House is the home of the Royal Opera and the Royal Ballet. There is an orchestra which plays there for all the operas and ballets.


title: Egon Krenz

text: Egon Rudi Ernst Krenz (born 19 March 1937 in Kolberg,Nazi Germany) was a former East German politician of the German Democratic Republic. He served in the East German Army, NVA (Nationale Volkes Armee), where he attained the rank of Unteroffizere (Corporal). He was a high-ranking member of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany. He was the successor to Erich Honecker as leader of East Germany from 18 October 1989 until 3 December 1989, for a few weeks. Later, he was sentenced to six and a half years in prison and released in 2003.


title: Dirham

text: Historically, the word "dirham" is comes from 'dirhem' which comes from the name of a Greek coin, the Drachm; the Byzantine Empire controlled the Levant and traded with Arabia, circulating the coin there in pre-Islamic times and afterward. It was this currency which was first used as an Arab word. Near the end of the 7th century, the coin became an Islamic currency. It had the name of the sovereign and a religious verse on it. The dirham was used by many Mediterranean countries, including Spain. It could be used as currency in Europe between the 10th and 12 centuries.


title: Dodge

text: Dodge is an American automobile, SUV and truck maker. They are based in Auburn Hills, Michigan. Dodge was created by brothers Horace and John Dodge in 1900. Dodge was sold to Chrysler in 1928. In 2010 Dodge announced it would spin-off the Ram division making it its own brand.


title: Zealot

text: The Zealots were a group of Jews who lived about the same time as Jesus. The wanted to defeat the Romans, who were the rulers of Palestine at that time. They used violence to meet their goals. One of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, named Simon, was a Zealot. The word "zealot" (not written with a capital letter) in modern English is used for any person who has a very strong idea about things and works hard to act upon their ideas. There are political and religious zealots but people can be "zealous" about other things also.


title: Jason Robards

text: Jason Nelson Robards, Jr. (July 26, 1922 – December 26, 2000) was an American actor. He has won two Academy Awards, a Tony Award, and a Emmy Award. Robards was born in Chicago, Illinois on July 26, 1922. He married to Eleanor Pittman from 1948 to 1958. He married Rachel Taylor from 1959 to 1961. He married Lauren Bacall from 1961 to 1969. He married Lois O'Connor from 1970 to 2000. He had six children. Robards died of lung cancer on December 26, 2000 in Bridgeport, Connecticut.


title: Mircea Eliade

text: Mircea Eliade (; – April 22, 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago.


title: Qarabağ FK

text: Qarabağ Futbol Klubu (usually just called Qarabağ) is a professional association football club from Baku, Azerbaijan. The club was originally from Agdam, but moved to Baku because of the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The club plays in the Azerbaijan Premier League.


title: Chatou

text: Chatou is a French commune. It is in the western suburbs of Paris, from the center. 30,330 people lived here in 2018.


title: Hammam

text: Hammam is a Turkish steam bath and also a public bath. This is common in the Middle East. Hammam is not used just to be clean. Hammam is also about spiritual purity or ablution.


title: Élisabeth Borne

text: Élisabeth Borne (born 18 April 1961) is a French politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) and is the Prime Minister of France since 2022. She was Minister of Labour, Employment and Integration in the government of Prime Minister Jean Castex from 2020 to 2022.


title: Surah Maryam

text: Surah Maryam (Arabic: سورة مريم) Surah 19 of the Quran, the religious book of Muslims; Its verse i.e. sentence number is 97 and ruku i.e. paragraph number is 8. Surah Maryam has been revealed in Makkah. This surah speaks first of the prayers of Zechariah , then of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the son of Jesus.


title: Royal Opera House

text: The building that is now the Royal Opera House is the third building in that place. The first theatre to be built there in 1732 was burnt down in 1808. The second theatre opened in 1809 but was burnt down in 1856. Today's building was built in 1858, although a lot of it was rebuilt between 1996 and 2000. The auditorium (the main part where the audience sits) is nearly the same, but all the backstage rooms are new: the dressing rooms, rehearsal rooms, office space etc. There is an extra small theatre called the Linbury Theatre which is used for smaller performances. Together with the new restaurant areas it has helped to get more young people to come.


title: Dirham

text: The Armenian dram is a currency whose name bears a similar origin. The dinar is a currency used in the Muslim world but originating with the Romans.


title: Mircea Eliade

text: His theory that "hierophanies" form the basis of religion, splitting the human experience of reality into sacred and profane space and time, has proved influential.


title: Qarabağ FK

text: Qarabağ was formed in 1951, and were the founding members of the Azerbaijan Premier League in 1992. A season later they won their first league championship, which made them the first non-Baku based club to win the Azerbaijan Premier League title.


title: Hammam

text: Bathhouses were found throughout the Mediterranean world. They were used to the mid-6th century in the early Byzantine Empire.


title: Élisabeth Borne

text: On May 16, 2022, Emmanuel Macron appointed her as the next Prime Minister of France, following Castex's resignation.


title: Surah Maryam

text: The name of this surah is taken from the phrase وَاذْكُرْفِيالْكِتَابِمَرْيَمَ in the sixteenth verse of this surah; That is, it is the surah that contains the word بِمَرْيَمَ.


title: Royal Opera House

text: The Royal Opera House seats 2,268 people. There are seats downstairs (the stalls), four tiers of boxes, a balcony and a gallery.


title: Mircea Eliade

text: The best known are the novels "Maitreyi" ("La Nuit Bengali" or "Bengal Nights"), "Noaptea de Sânziene" ("The Forbidden Forest"), "Isabel și apele diavolului" ("Isabel and the Devil's Waters") and "Romanul Adolescentului Miop" ("Novel of the Nearsighted Adolescent"), the novellas "Domnișoara Christina" ("Miss Christina") and "Tinerețe fără tinerețe" ("Youth Without Youth"), and the short stories "Secretul doctorului Honigberger" ("The Secret of Dr. Honigberger") and "La Țigănci" ("With the Gypsy Girls").


title: Qarabağ FK

text: The clubs plays at the Tofiq Bahramov Republican Stadium, which has a capacity of around 31,200. The Azerbaijan national football team also uses that stadium. They used to play at the Imarat Stadium, but it was destroyed by the Armenian military during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.


title: Royal Opera House

text: The conductor ("Musical Director") of the Royal Opera House Orchestra is Antonio Pappano who is a young British conductor.


title: Mircea Eliade

text: Eliade died in Chicago of complications from a stroke on April 22, 1986 at the age of 79. He is buried at Oak Woods Cemetery in Greater Grand Crossing, Chicago.


title: Qarabağ FK

text: The club won their first league title in 21 years in 2014. Qarabağ have won the Premier league four times and Azerbaijan Cup five times. In the same year, Qarabağ became the second Azerbaijani team to advance to the group stage of a European competition after they beat Twente in the play-off round of the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League.


title: Turandot

text: Turandot is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini, set to a libretto in Italian by Giuseppe Adami and Renato Simoni. When Puccini died he had not finished the opera. It was later finished by Franco Alfano. It was first performed at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan on 25 April 1926, conducted by Arturo Toscanini. This performance included only Puccini's music and not Alfano's additions. The first performance of the opera as completed by Alfano was conducted by Ettore Panizza.


title: Granma Province

text: Granma is one of the provinces of Cuba. Its capital is Bayamo. Other towns on it include Manzanillo (a port on the Gulf of Guacanayabo) and Pilón.


title: Attic

text: The attic is the highest part of a house, it is directly below the roof. It is sometimes used as storage. Some people have "loft conversions" (change the attic into a room people can use) so that they can sleep in it. Attics can be hard to reach, which is why many of them are not used. They can help keep the temperature of the house stable.


title: Plaid Cymru

text: Plaid Cymru (plaɪd ˈkəmri) is Welsh for The Party of Wales. It is often simply called Plaid. It is a political party in the United Kingdom which seeks for Wales to become an independent country and is considered as sitting between the centre-left and the left-wing of the political spectrum. They have 13 of 60 seats in the Welsh Parliament since the 2021 Senedd (Welsh Parliament) election, as well as 3 MPs in the UK parliament since the 2019 UK general election. The party's leader is Adam Price.


title: Thomas R. Marshall

text: Thomas Riley Marshall (March 14, 1854 – June 1, 1925) was an American politician. He was the 28th vice president of the United States. He served under Woodrow Wilson from 1913 to 1921.


title: Norrland

text: Norrland is the northernmost region of Sweden. The other two regions are Götaland and Svealand. Norrland includes the Swedish counties Gävleborg County, Västernorrland County, Jämtland County, Västerbotten County and Norrbotten County. By "Upper Norrland" people usually mean Norrbotten and Västerbotten counties.


title: X Window System

text: The X Window System is a set of protocols and programs. It is also known as X11, or simply X. It can manage windows, and other components of a graphical user interface (GUI) on a bitmap display. This way of doing graphics is most common in Unix-like operating systems.


title: Hallstatt culture

text: The Hallstatt culture is named after Hallstatt, a city in Austria in which the first artifacts were found. It lasted from about 1200 BC to about 275 BC.


title: Statius

text: Publius Papinius Statius ( 45 – 96 A.D.) was a Roman poet born in Naples, Italy. Published in 92 A.D., his major epic was called "Thebaid". It has the same theme as the Seven Against Thebes, a play by Aeschylus, the fight of seven city states against Thebes. He also wrote poems for different occasions. These poems are known as "Silvae" today. They show what the life at the court of Domitian was like. Even though he is not well-known today, he was better known during his time. He also appears in "The Divine Comedy".


title: Inner Hebrides

text: The Inner Hebrides is an archipelago off the west coast of Scotland, to the south east of the Outer Hebrides.


title: Helsinki Airport

text: Helsinki Airport (; , ) is the main international airport of Helsinki, the capital of Finland. Its surrounding metropolitan area, and the Uusimaa region. The airport is in the city of Vantaa, about west of Tikkurila, the administrative center of Vantaa and north of Helsinki city center. The airport is operated by state-owned Finavia.


title: Artemis program

text: The Artemis program is an international human space-flight program. The goal is to return humans to the Moon by the year 2025. It will involve the first woman and thirteenth man to land on the moon. It is led by the United States and planned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). It will be the first lunar landing since Apollo 17 in 1972, which was the final lunar mission of the Apollo program. The Artemis program began in December 2017. It was created by bringing together many programs that had been started since 2009 by the United States as it tries to return to the moon. As a result of Artemis, the United States hopes that there will always be humans on the moon. One day the program might take humans to Mars and other places in the Solar System. As well as NASA, the Artemis program work is done by companies and other international organisations like European Space Agency.


title: Peptide bond

text: A peptide bond is a special chemical bond that happens between two amino acids. In the reaction (called condensation), the two amino acids are combined into a "dipeptide".


title: The Hateful Eight

text: The Hateful Eight is a 2015 American western thriller movie written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. It is about eight violent people who, during a blizzard, meet in a inn and learn they may have reasons to fight each other.


title: Alpine marmot

text: The Alpine marmot is a species of marmot. It can be found in mountain regions of central and southern Europe. It is the third-largest rodent on the European continent. The Eurasian beaver and the Crested porcupine are both larger than it. Alpine marmots mature in their third year. For this reason, marmots live in family groups of up to twenty animals. Alpine marmots have been around since the ice age. Today, their range is limited to the higher mountain regions.


title: Homininae

text: Homininae is a subfamily of Hominidae, which includes humans, gorillas, and chimpanzees which are native to Africa.


title: Menthol

text: Menthol is an organic compound. It is derived from the oils of corn mint, peppermint, or other mints. It can also be made artificially. It is a waxy, crystalline substance. It is white in color. It is a solid at room temperature. It melts at a temperature that is a little bit higher than room temperature.


title: Socialist Republic of Romania

text: From 1947 to 1989, Romania was a socialist republic by Georgian-Soviet Leader Ioseb Besarionis dzе Jughashvili Joseph Stalin made Romania a Communist State after the execution of Ion Antonescu . From 1947 to 1965, it was called Romanian People's Republic ("Republica Populară Romînă", RPR). In 1965, Nicolae Ceaușescu came to power he who worked for Soviet Leader's Joseph Stalin,Georgy Malenkov,Lavrenty Beria,Khrushchev,Brezhnev,Andropov,Chernenko,and Gorbachev from 1947-1989 . He succeeded Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, who died of cancer that year. To reflect the change, the state was renamed to Socialist Republic of Romania. After the fall of the Berlin wall, in 1989, there was a revolution. Protesters wanted Ceaușescu to step down. During demostrations, Romanian Secret police, Securitate used weapons. Part of the regular armed forces joined the protests. Over 1000 people were killed in the fights that resulted. Ceaușescu was captured, and tried before a military tribunal. The tribunal sentenced him and his wife to death. Together with his wife, he was shot, on December 25, 1989. Ion Iliescu became the new president.


title: Turandot

text: The most famous song from the opera is the aria "Nessun dorma". This aria was sung by the three tenors Luciano Pavarotti, Placido Domingo and José Carreras, and used as the theme tune for the 1990 Soccer World Cup. This made Nessun dorma probably the best known of all opera arias.


title: Granma Province

text: The province was named after the yacht "Granma", used by Che Guevara and Fidel Castro to land in Cuba with 82 guerrillas in 1956. The American who sold them the secondhand yacht in Mexico apparently had named it after his grandmother and so the name of this vessel, with its non-standard spelling, became an icon for Cuban communism. Not every Cuban realizes that the name would translate as "abuela," although all can name the mothership of the revolution.


title: Attic

text: The word "attic" derived from the Attica region in Greece. It comes from the Attic style architecture.


title: Norrland

text: Even though 59% of Sweden's area is within Norrland, only 12% of its population live there. The biggest town of Norrland is Umeå.


title: X Window System

text: X provides the basic components to build GUI environments: drawing and moving windows on the screen and interacting with a mouse or a keyboard. X does not say what the user interface should look likedifferent client programs handle this. Different X11-based environments have radically different designs. X is not a part of the operating system; instead, it is built as an additional program on top of the operating system.


title: Hallstatt culture

text: There were different periods that are now told apart mainly by the kinds of brooches used. The brooches changed rather rapidly and permit a good estimate. Hallstatt culture sites have been found in the east of France, in Switzerland, in the south of Germany, in Austria, in Slovenia and Croatia, northwestern Hungary, southwestern Slovakia and southern Moravia.


title: Inner Hebrides

text: Together these two island chains form the Hebrides, which enjoy a mild oceanic climate because the Gulf Stream runs past them.


title: Helsinki Airport

text: The airport is the main hub for Finnair, the flag carrier of Finland, and its subsidiary Nordic Regional Airlines. It is also a hub for CityJet (on behalf of SAS) and an operating base for Jet Time, Norwegian Air Shuttle, SunClass Airlines and TUI fly Nordic.


title: The Hateful Eight

text: Bounty hunters Marquis Warren and John Ruth agree to travel together. Ruth has a prisoner, Daisy Domergue, who will die when he turns her in. Along the way, they agree to let former Confederate Chris Mannix travel with them, but they do not believe his story that he is the new sheriff. During a blizzard, they stop at an inn. There, they find several more people, including Confederate General Sandy Smithers, cowboy Joe Gage, and executioner Oswaldo Mobray. Bob, a worker, says the inn's owner is traveling. Warren and Ruth do not trust anyone and take all their guns. Warren, who fought for the Union Army, kills Smithers after saying that he also killed Smithers' son. Gage secretly poisons Ruth and his friend, O.B. Jackson. As Ruth dies, Domergue shoots and kills him with his own gun. Bob, Gage, and Mobray admit that they are part of Domergue's gang. Warren and Mannix agree to help each other, and they kill everyone but Domergue. Jody, Domergue's brother, comes out of hiding and seriously injures Warren. After Jody dies, Domergue says she will let Mannix go if he kills Warren. Mannix considers her offer but rejects it. Mannix and Warren kill her but they both die from blood loss.


title: Homininae

text: Most importantly, it also includes extinct human relatives such as Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and earlier species of the genus "Homo". It includes all those hominid species which arose after the split from the other great apes.


title: Menthol

text: Mentha arvensis is the main type of mint used to make natural menthol crystals. It is mainly grown in the Uttar Pradesh region in India.


title: Granma Province

text: The province is full of reminders of the Cuban Revolution, and the Cuban Wars of Independence. There are many plaques in the mountains that commemorate the struggle against Fulgencio Batista. The struggle took place in 1959.


title: Norrland

text: Norrland is famous for its landscape, and for phenomena such as the Midnight sun, Polar night and Aurora also called the Northern lights.


title: X Window System

text: Unlike display protocols from before, X was specifically designed to be used over network connections rather than on a display near the computer. X has network transparency: the machine where an application program (the "client" application) runs need not be the user's local machine (the display "server").


title: Hallstatt culture

text: In this time, the social structure developed into a hierarchy. That can be documented by various things that were added to graves, such as at Magdalenenberg. In the Bronze Age, people lived in big settlements. As iron became available, trade routes changed. A new upper class could establish itself. Unlike before, the upper class liked to live in big houses in the countryside to show their power.


title: Inner Hebrides

text: There are 36 inhabited islands and a further 43 uninhabited Inner Hebrides with an area greater than . The main commercial activities are tourism, crofting, fishing, and whisky distilling.


title: Menthol

text: Natural menthol is made by freezing peppermint oil and separating methanol from the frozen the peppermint oil by filtration.


title: Granma Province

text: It is believed there are many unmarked grave sites from the different wars. The sites of the various palenques, the fortified hamlets of escaped slaves can be found. These have been uncovered by archaeological digs. Most of these are not specially marked. Recently a hurricane destroyed the site of Castro's headquarters at La Plata.


title: X Window System

text: X was developed at MIT in 1984. The current protocol version, X11, appeared in September 1987. The X.Org Foundation leads the X project, with the current reference implementation, version 11 release 7.7 (6 June 2012), available as free software under the MIT License and similar permissive licenses.


title: Hallstatt culture

text: Funerary cults also changed, from cremation burials, to burials with sarcophagi. The new upper class used its wealth for import goods, mostly from the Mediterranean. People started settling there around the 2nd millennium BC.


title: Inner Hebrides

text: Combined, the islands have an area of approximately , and had a population of 18,257 people in 2001. The population density is therefore a little over 4 persons per km (11 persons per square mile).


title: Menthol

text: It is used as an antipruritic to reduce itching. It is used to relieve muscle cramps, sprains and headaches. It is used in some medicines to treat sunburns. It is used as a pesticide against tracheal mites. In organic chemistry, menthol is used as a chiral auxiliary in asymmetric synthesis.


title: Granma Province

text: There are numerous abandoned gold, silver, and manganese mine sites. This is the area where Raúl Castro holds his centre of power and it is said to be the site of secret garrisons.


title: Inner Hebrides

text: There are various important prehistoric structures, many of which pre-date the first written references to the islands by Roman and Greek authors.


title: Granma Province

text: Coffee is grown in the mountainous regions of the province, and during the coffee harvest, there may be road blocks, where soldiers ensure that the coffee is delivered to the government and not the black market.


title: Inner Hebrides

text: In the historic period the earliest known settlers were Picts to the north and Gaels in the south. The islands became part of the Kingdom of Mann and the Isles, the "Suðreyjar" kingdom of the Norse. The Norsemen ruled for over 400 years until sovereignty was transferred to Scotland by the Treaty of Perth in 1266.


title: Inner Hebrides

text: Control of the islands was then held by various clan chiefs, principal of which were the Clan MacLeod and Clan MacDonald. The Highland Clearances of the 19th century had a devastating effect on many communities and it is only in recent years that population levels have ceased to decline.


title: Inner Hebrides

text: Sea transport is crucial and ferry services operate between the islands and the mainland Britain. The Gaelic language and the Wee Free Church of Scotland remains strong in some areas. The landscapes have inspired a variety of artists, and there is a diversity of wildlife.


title: Stephen Crane

text: Stephen Townley Crane (November 1, 1871 - June 5, 1900) was an American writer. He was born on November 1, 1871 in Newark, New Jersey to Jonathan Townley Crane, a clergyman, and Mary Helen Peck Crane. He attended Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, but did not graduate. He moved to New York City in 1892 to write about the slum life of Manhattan. His major works include the novella "Maggie: A Girl of the Streets" (1893), the war novel "The Red Badge of Courage" (1895), and the short story "The Open Boat" (1897). After the success of "Badge", his literary reputation declined. His health was poor. In May 1899, he entered a sanitarium in Badenweiler, Germany. On June 5, 1900, he died of tuberculosis. He is buried in the Evergreen Cemetery in Hillside, New Jersey.


title: Mud volcano

text: A mud volcano or mud dome is a kind of volcano that is made by liquids and gases from the earth. There are many different ways that mud volcanoes can be made. Temperatures in a mud volcano are much cooler than that of a regular volcano. The biggest mud volcanoes are 10 kilometers in diameter and can be as tall as 700 meters. Most of the gases given off by mud volcanoes are methane. Other gases given off include carbon dioxide and methane. They usually spit out liquids with solids in the liquids. An example of this would be water with salt or acids in the water.


title: André Citroën

text: André-Gustave Citroën (; 5 February 1878 – 3 July 1935) was a French industrialist and freemason of Dutch and Polish Jewish origin. Citroen was the founder of the car company Citroën, and for his application of double helical gears.


title: Battle of Karbala

text: The Battle of Karbala took place on Muharram 10, in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar (October 10, 680 AD) in Karbala, in present-day Iraq. A small group of supporters and relatives of Muhammad's grandson, Husayn ibn Ali fought against a larger army serving Yazid I, the Umayyad caliph. The Umayyads won. The forces of Ali were the Shia. Shi'ites every year commemorate the battle of the Day of Ashura.


title: Harderwijk

text: Harderwijk (Dutch Low Saxon: "Harderwiek") is a municipality found in the Dutch province of Gelderland. As of 2021, about 49,000 are living there.


title: Mud volcano

text: A mud volcano is usually made by mud diapir that breaks out of the surface of the Earth or on the ocean bottom. Temperatures in mud volcanoes can be as low as the freezing point.


title: André Citroën

text: Citroën was born on 5 February 1878 in the city of Paris and died from stomach cancer on 3 July 1935 in Paris, aged 57. He had graduated the École Polytechnique.


title: Mud volcano

text: Mud volcanoes are often linked with places where petroleum gathers and around areas of tectonic subduction. They can also be linked with orogenic belts where hydrocarbon gases usually erupt. They are also often linked with lava volcanoes as well. However, instead of spitting out magma, mud volcanoes spit out gases like methane and carbon dioxide.


title: Mud volcano

text: Around 1,100 mud volcanoes have been found on land and in shallow water. People think that more than 10,000 mud volcanoes may exist on continental slopes and abyssal plains.


title: Mud volcano

text: There are many features of mud volcanoes. One of these features is the gryphon, which is a steep, short cone that gives off mud. Another feature is the mud cone, which is a tall cone that makes mud and small pieces of rock. The scoria cone is a cone that is made when deposits of mud are heated up and the salse, which are pools of water that leak gases out of them. Mud volcanoes have many other features, but most of these are notable.


title: Mud volcano

text: Most of the things that mud volcanoes spit out happen during volcanic eruptions. Other eruptions have been known to happen during the time when a volcano is dormant or sleeping.


title: Mud volcano

text: There are very few mud volcanoes in Europe, but quite a few are on the Taman Peninsula of Russia and the Kerch Peninsula in the southeastern part of Ukraine. In Italy, many mud volcanoes are near the Apennines and in Sicily. Also in Europe are the Berca Mud Volcanoes, near Berca in Buzău County, Romania. Many mud volcanoes are by the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. Movement from tectonic plates have made areas of mod volcanoes that spit out hydrocarbons and methane. Some of the tallest mud volcanoes are in Azerbaijan. Mud volcanoes are also in Iran and Pakistan in the Makran mountain range.


title: Mud volcano

text: China has a lot of mud volcanoes in the Xinjiang province. There are two active mud volcanoes in the southern part of Taiwan. The island of Baratang, which is part of the Great Andaman group of islands in the Andaman Islands, Indian Ocean also have a few active mud volcanoes.


title: Mud volcano

text: People think that 300 of the mud volcanoes out of the 700 mud volcanoes on Earth are in the eastern part of Azerbaijan and the Caspian Sea. In 2001, one mud volcano about 15 kilometers away from Baku was in the world news when it suddenly started spitting out flames 15 meters high.


title: Sarcoidosis

text: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder that can affect multiple organs. The lungs are affected most often. The cause is not known. Corticosteroids such as prednisone are often used to treat sarcoidosis. In some cases, the immuosuppressive drug methotrexate may be also used. Antimalarial drugs have also been used.


title: Goldenrod

text: Goldenrods are any of the about 150 species of weedy herbs that make up the genus Solidago. Handling the goldenrod many times can make some people have allergies. Because of this, some florists change their jobs. Parts of goldenrods are eaten by humans. They are also eaten by many species of Lepidoptera.


title: Base pair

text: In molecular biology, two nucleotides on opposite complementary DNA strands that are connected by hydrogen bonds are called a base pair (often abbreviated bp).


title: Ruslan Ponomariov

text: Ruslan Ponomariov (, born 11 October 1983) is a Ukrainian chess player and former FIDE world champion.


title: Melina Mercouri

text: Mercouri’s parents were Stamatis Mercouris and Irene Lappa. Her father was the governor of a section of Athens. She went to school at the Academy of the National Theatre, Athens from 1943 to 1946.


title: Barbadian dollar

text: The dollar has been the currency of Barbados since 1935. The present dollar has the ISO 4217 code "BBD". It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign "$". Sometimes it is written "Bds$" to be different from other currencies that are called dollar. It is divided into 100 cents.


title: Mycoplasma

text: They are gram-negative, and need sterols such as cholesterol for growth. Many common antibiotics such as penicillin that target cell walls do not affect mycoplasma. "Mycoplasma" are the smallest bacterial cells yet discovered. They are typically about 0.1  µm in diameter.


title: Pinus pinaster

text: Pinus pinaster, also known as the maritime pine, cluster pine, or pinaster pine, is a pine native to the Mediterranean region.


title: Marina Abramović

text: Marina Abramović (, ; born November 30, 1946) is a Yugoslav-born Serbian-American performance artist and art filmmaker. Her work are about body art, endurance art and feminist art, the relationship between performer and audience. Her career began in the 1970s. Abramović calls herself the "grandmother of performance art".


title: Natasha Henstridge

text: Natasha Henstridge (born August 15, 1974) is a Canadian model turned actress. She played Lisa Rayborn in "You Lucky Dog". She also played Dawn in "The Secret Circle", a TV series.


title: John IV of Portugal

text: John IV (, ; 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656), nicknamed John the Restorer (), was the King of Portugal whose reign, lasting from 1640 until his death, began the Portuguese restoration of independence from Habsburg Spanish rule. His accession established the House of Braganza on the Portuguese throne, and marked the end of the 60-year-old Iberian Union, by which Portugal and Spain shared the same monarch.


title: Sarcoidosis

text: Sarcoidosis may involve the brain. If it does, it is called neurosarcoidosis. In some cases, pulmonary fibrosis is a complication of sarcoidosis.


title: Ruslan Ponomariov

text: In 2002 he beat his fellow countryman Vassily Ivanchuk in the final of the FIDE World Championship 2002 by a score of 4½–2½. This made him FIDE world champion at the age of 18, the first teenager and youngest person to win this form of the title. However, he is not the youngest undisputed world champion because the traditional World Chess Championship was still held by Vladimir Kramnik.


title: Melina Mercouri

text: In 1939, Mercouri married Panayiotis Harokopus. They divorced in 1962. Mercouri remarried in 1966 to Jules Dassin.


title: Mycoplasma

text: Many species are parasitic, pathogenic or saprophytic, and can survive without oxygen. In humans, "M. genitalium" causes urethritis, and "M. pneumoniae" is a common cause of pneumonia. Some live as saprophytes but the majority are parasites of plants and animals. The parasitic nature is due to the inability of mycoplasmal bacteria to synthesise the required growth factor.


title: Pinus pinaster

text: The maritime pine is a large tree tree, that grows up to tall with an average trunk diameter of up to . The bark is orange-red and thick, but thinner in the upper parts of the tree.


title: Marina Abramović

text: Abramović was born in Belgrade, Serbia. She was known for having a relationship with artist Ulay. She lives in New York City.


title: John IV of Portugal

text: Before becoming king, he was John II, 8th Duke of Braganza. He was the grandson of Catherine, Duchess of Braganza, a claimant to the crown during the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580. On the eve of his death in 1656, the Portuguese Empire was at its territorial zenith, spanning the globe.


title: Ruslan Ponomariov

text: In the same year he finished second in the very strong Linares tournament, behind Garry Kasparov. His result in the strong 2003 Corus tournament at Wijk aan Zee was not as good – despite having the third highest rating, he finished only joint eleventh out of fourteen players with 6/13, and at Linares the same year he finished only fifth out of seven with 5½/12.


title: Melina Mercouri

text: Mercouri was an actor in many movies. Her first movie was "Stella" in 1955. She later acted in "Topkapi" (1964), and  "Never on Sunday" (1960). Her husband, Dassin, was the director of these movies. Mercouri also acted and sang in the musical "llya, Darling" (1967). She became very famous for her work in "Never on Sunday." Mercouri also was awarded an Academy Award nomination for best actress from that role. Later, she became the Greek Minister of Culture and Sciences. Her job was to educate about Greek history, art and sports. While in this job, Mercouri supported Greek arts, sports, and women's rights. She became part of the Greek Parliament in 1977. Mercouri was also an author. She wrote her autobiography: "I Was Born Greek".


title: Pinus pinaster

text: The maritime pine is monoecious with separate male an female flowers but on the same plant, in cones. The seeds are long, with a wing. Seeds are spread by the wind.


title: Ruslan Ponomariov

text: There were plans for him to play a fourteen-game match against Kasparov in Yalta in September 2003, the winner of which would go on to play the winner of a match between Kramnik and Péter Lékó as part of the so-called "Prague Agreement" to reunify the World Chess Championship (from 1993 until 2006 there were two world chess championships). However, this was called off after Ponomariov refused to sign his contract without reservation.


title: Melina Mercouri

text: Contemporary Authors Online. “Melina Mercouri.”Biography in Context. GALE, 2014. Biography in Context. May 4, 2018.


title: Pinus pinaster

text: The maritime pine is native to the southwest and southern Europe, North Africa in Morocco, and along the border between Algeria and Tunisia. It is mainly a pine of low, coastal plains, usually on sandy soils of sea shore dunes; however, in Morocco this species can grow in mountains to an elevation of near .


title: Ruslan Ponomariov

text: Ponomariov remained FIDE champion until Rustam Kasimdzhanov won the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004.


title: Melina Mercouri

text: Benson, Sonia G. "Melina Mercouri." Biography in Context. GALE, 2001. Gale Biography In Context. May 4, 2018.


title: Pinus pinaster

text: The species is regarded as a highly invasive species. A large production of seeds that are spread by the wind and rapid growth rate all contribute to its ability to invade native habitats, which suffer a loss of species diversity. The maritime pine is reported to be an aggressive colonizer in Chile, Uruguay, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa


title: Melina Mercouri

text: Flint, Peter B. "Melina Mercouri, Actress and Politician, Is Dead." New York Times, 7 Mar. 1994. Student Resources In Context, May, 4 2018.


title: Pinus pinaster

text: The maritime pine is widely planted for timber in its native area. It is one of the most important trees in forestry in France, Spain and Portugal. The pine forest in Landes in southwest France is the largest man-made maritime pine forest in Europe. The resin is also a source of turpentine and rosin.


title: Pinus pinaster

text: As well as industrial uses, maritime pine is also a popular ornamental tree, planted in parks and gardens in areas with warm temperate climates.


title: Milo Ventimiglia

text: Milo Anthony Ventimiglia (born July 8, 1977) is an American actor. He is best known for playing the hero, Peter Petrelli, on the television series, "Heroes". He played Jess Mariano on the television series Gilmore Girls. He was born in Anaheim, California.


title: Tiago Mendes

text: Tiago Mendes (born 2 May 1981) is a Portuguese football player. He plays for Atlético Madrid and Portugal national team.


title: Fort Myers, Florida

text: Fort Myers is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the commercial center of Lee County, Florida.


title: Empress Michiko

text: Michiko Shōda was born at University of Tokyo Hospital in Tokyo. She is the eldest daughter of Hidesaburo Shōda and Fumiko Soejima, president and later honorary chairman of Nisshin Flour Milling Company.


title: Atonement (movie)

text: Atonement is a 2007 British romantic drama war movie. It is set in the 1930s and 1940s. It was directed by Joe Wright. It is based on 2001 novel Atonement by Ian McEwan. It stars James McAvoy as Robbie Turner and Keira Knightley as Cecilia Tallis. Her younger sister Briony Tallis is played by Saoirse Ronan at age 13, Romola Garai at age 18 and Vanessa Redgrave at age 77.


title: Alexander (2004 movie)

text: Alexander is a 2004 epic drama war movie about Alexander III of Macedon. It was directed by Oliver Stone.


title: La Bayamesa

text: "La Bayamesa" or "El Himno de Bayamo" ("The Bayamo Song") is a Cuban pre-revolutionary song which has been the national anthem of Cuba since 1902. First performed in 1868 during the Battle of Bayamo, author and freedom fighter Perucho Figueredo who battled in Bayamo, wrote the lyrics to this song and composed the music before being executed by the Spaniards. In 1898, Cuban conductor Antonio Rodriguez-Ferrer was the anthem's musical introductory note conductor.


title: Empress Michiko

text: When she married, she became Crown Princess Michiko. She became Empress Michiko in 1989 when her husband became Emperor.


title: Alexander (2004 movie)

text: The budget of this movie was about 155 million dollars. Its box office was about 167 million dollars.


title: Empress Michiko

text: In August 2019, it was revealed that she was diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer in July 2019. Empress Michiko had cancer surgery in September of the year.


title: Alexander (2004 movie)

text: The story is about Alexander III of Macedon and his battles against Great Persian Empire and his victories, in the beginning, movie shows early life of Alexander and what happened in his young ages and what his father King Philip II did. When Philip died Alexander was King of Macedon and decided to fight with Persian Empire and at last he conquered Persia. When he wanted conquer India in a battle he wounded and died.


title: Netscape Navigator

text: Netscape Navigator (or just Netscape) was a closed source web browser between 1994 to 1998. In 1999, they made it open source. It was first released in 1994. It was very popular during the 1990s until Internet Explorer gained more market share due to Microsoft bundling Internet Explorer with Windows 98. Netscape Communications Navigator Version 0.9B (Mosaic Netscape Navigator 0.9b) was released June 13, 1994 (at dejavu.org/1994win.htm).


title: Conurbation

text: A conurbation is an urban area that includes a number of cities, towns and villages which, through population growth and expansion, have physically merged to form one continuous built up area. It is a sort of agglomeration.


title: Cascada

text: Cascada is a German pop group. They are most famous for their songs "Everytime We Touch" in 2005, "What Hurts the Most" in 2007 and "Evacuate the Dancefloor" in 2009. Members of the group are the female singer Natalie Horler and the two Record Producers DJ Manian and Yanou.


title: Yann Tiersen

text: Yann Tiersen (born 23 June 1970) is a musician from France. He did the soundtrack songs from the movie "Amélie".


title: Nickel silver

text: Nickel silver, sometimes called German silver, is an alloy. It normally has copper, nickel, and zinc in it. Despite the name, it does not contain any real silver. It is common in utensils. It is also used in cymbals, keys, zippers, and musical instruments. Some coins use nickel silver. It is sometimes used to trick people into thinking it is silver. A German industrial chemist named E.A. Geitner discovered nickel silver in the early 19th century.


title: Hydrogen fluoride

text: Hydrogen fluoride is a chemical compound. It is a highly toxic colorless gas. Its chemical formula is HF. It dissolves in water to produce hydrofluoric acid, a strongly toxic corrosive acid. It is used to make fluorine. It is used as a catalyst. It is much more easily liquified (made into liquid) than any other hydrogen halide.


title: Nearctic

text: In ecology, an ecozone is a large land mass that contains many terrestrial ecoregions, each of which has unique plants and animals.


title: Alexander Calder

text: Alexander Calder (July, 22,1898 – November 11, 1976) was an American sculptor. He lived in Philadelphia, in the United States. He invented the mobile. Mobiles are a kind of sculpture where the pieces are moved by motors or the wind. Mobiles are a kind of kinetic sculpture. He also made sculptures that did not move that were called "stabiles."


title: ΜTorrent

text: μTorrent, or uTorrent is a BitTorrent client for Microsoft Windows and macOS, similar to BitTorrent. It also runs on Linux, but in a more scaled-down way as only the older, server versions work, and on Ubuntu and Debian. It allows users to share files over the Internet.


title: Joe Mantegna

text: Joseph Anthony "Joe" Mantegna (born November 13, 1947) is an American movie, stage, television, voice actor, producer, writer, and director. He did the voice of Fat Tony in "The Simpsons". He also played David Rossi in "Criminal Minds". He also played Ian "The Shark" in "Airheads". He played Grem in the Disney-Pixar animated movie "Cars 2". He has won a Tony Award.


title: Accelerometer

text: An accelerometer is a device used to measure proper acceleration, which is the acceleration it experiences in relation to freefall, and is the acceleration felt by people and objects. Accelerometers are commonly made up of piezoelectric, piezoresistive or capacitive components. Here are some examples of what accelerometers are used for:


title: Christa McAuliffe

text: Christa McAuliffe (September 2, 1948 – January 28, 1986) was an American teacher from Concord, New Hampshire. She was a member of the crew of Space Shuttle "Challenger", who were killed in the Space Shuttle "Challenger" disaster.


title: Cochineal

text: The cochineal ("Dactylopius" "coccus") is a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the natural dye carmine is made.


title: Edison, New Jersey

text: Edison, New Jersey is a township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. It is in the New York City metropolitan area. As of the 2010 United States Census, Edison had a total population of 99,967.


title: Victor Lindelöf

text: Victor Jörgen Nilsson Lindelöf (born July 17, 1994) is a Swedish football player. He plays as a defender for Manchester United and the Swedish national team. He plays mostly as a center-back, but has played as a right-back. Lindelöf started his footballing career in Sweden with Vasteras SK in 2010. He moved to Benfica in 2011, and to Manchester United in July 2017.


title: Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou

text: Luis Alberto Alejandro Aparicio Lacalle Pou (born 11 August 1973) is a Uruguayan lawyer and politician. Lacalle Pou is the 42nd and current President of Uruguay since March 2020. He ran as candidate for the National Party in the 2019 election.


title: Indian summer

text: Indian summer is a period of unusually warm and dry weather. It happens in autumn in the Northern Hemisphere. The United States National Weather Service describes Indian summer as weather conditions which are sunny and clear with higher than usual temperatures. That occurs between late September and the middle of November.


title: Nordhorn

text: Nordhorn is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the district seat of the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony's southwesternmost corner near the border with the Netherlands and the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia.


title: Samsung Galaxy S4

text: The Samsung Galaxy S4 is an Android phone made by Samsung Electronics as the fourth smartphone of the Samsung Galaxy S series and was first seen publicly on March 14, 2013, at Samsung Mobile Unpacked in New York City. It is the successor to the Galaxy S III, which maintains a similar design, but with upgraded hardware and an increased focus on software features that take advantage of its hardware functions—such as the ability to detect when a finger is over the screen, and expanded eye tracking functionality, it was released the previous year. A new version of the S4 became the first phone to support the coming LTE Advanced mobile network standard. The T-Mobile version of the Galaxy S4, was released the same month. The phone's successor, the Samsung Galaxy S5, was released the next year.


title: Cascada

text: They started writing songs for the album in late 2003, like, the title track (Everytime We Touch), Miracle and Bad Boy, they recorded a slow version of Everytime We Touch around the same time. Then, in 2004, the studio released Miracle and Bad Boy as singles and released the album in early 2005, the title track for the album released in 2005 (both original and slow versions), then they had a tour for the album from summer of 2005 to fall of 2006, They ended the tour in favor for their second album in 2007.


title: Yann Tiersen

text: His music usually includes a large variety of instruments; primarily the guitar, synthesizer or violin together with instruments like the melodica, xylophone, toy piano, harpsichord, accordion and typewriter.


title: Nearctic

text: Southern Mexico, southern Florida, Central America, and the Caribbean islands are part of the Neotropic ecozone, together with South America.


title: Joe Mantegna

text: Mantegna was born in Chicago, Illinois. He has been married to Arlene Vrhel since 1975 and they have two children.


title: Cochineal

text: The insect lives in tropical and subtropical South America, Mexico and Arizona. Its larvae eat cacti in the genus "Opuntia", feeding on plant moisture and nutrients. These insects are found on the pads of prickly pear cacti, then are brushed off and dried.


title: Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou

text: In the 1999 general elections, he was elected representative for Canelones, serving the 2000-2005 term. He was re elected in 2004 and again in 2009.


title: Indian summer

text: It is not known where the term came from. It may have come from regions inhabited by Native Americans (who used to be called Indians), or because the Native Americans first described it to Europeans. It also may have been based on the warm and hazy conditions in autumn when Native Americans hunted.


title: Nordhorn

text: The town is in southwesternmost Lower Saxony, near the border with the Netherlands and the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia, on the river Vechte. The nearest major city is Hengelo in the Netherlands, some southwest of Nordhorn. The nearest German cities are Münster, about to the southeast, and Osnabrück, about to the east.


title: Cascada

text: Their second album, Perfect Day started to get worked on, right after the "Everytime We Touch" tour concluded in fall 2006. They released the album in 2007. They had a tour for the album in 2007-2008. Then in fall 2008, they started to work on their third album, Evacuate the Dancefloor. They released this album in 2009, had a tour in 2009-2010 and like every album, stops in favor for a new album.


title: Nearctic

text: The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) divides the Nearctic into four Bioregions, defined as "geographic clusters of ecoregions that may span several habitat types, but have strong biogeographic affinities, particularly at taxonomic levels higher than the species level (genus, family)."


title: Cochineal

text: The insect produces carminic acid, which deters predation by other insects. Carminic acid is extracted from the body and eggs, then mixed with aluminium or calcium salts to make carmine dye, also known as cochineal. Today, carmine is primarily used as a colorant in food and in lipstick.


title: Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou

text: On 30 March 2014, Lacalle Pou launched his bid for the presidential candidacy. He lost in the second round of the election to Tabaré Vázquez.


title: Nordhorn

text: The landscape in and around Nordhorn is marked by the Vechte, the Vechtesee (lake), through which the Vechte flows, and three canals: the "Süd-Nord-Kanal", the "Nordhorn-Almelo-Kanal" and the "Ems-Vechte-Kanal".


title: Cascada

text: In fall 2010, they started to work on their fourth and final studio album, Original Me. Then, they released it in 2011, had a tour in 2011-2012, but this time, it didn't stop because they're was gonna be a new album in 2013 (which there isn't), The reason is unknown. In 2012, they released two other albums (which are NOT studio albums). In 2013, they released an acoustic album. After that, they released other singles, which she was in from other people.


title: Nordhorn

text: Through various combinations the town's area has grown to 14 959 ha, only slightly smaller than the Principality of Liechtenstein.


title: Cascada

text: 2006: Truly, Madly, Deeply (31 January), A Neverending Dream (4 March), Ready For Love (16 September)<br>


title: Nordhorn

text: North of Nordhorn is the town and joint community ("Samtgemeinde") both called Neuenhaus, while the communities of Engden and Isterberg are in the south. The town's western limit is also part of Germany's border with the Netherlands.


title: Cascada

text: 2008: What Do You Want From Me (7 March), Because The Night (18 July), Faded (26 August), Perfect Day (5 October)<br>


title: Coelenterata

text: Coelenterata was the name for an animal phylum. It is not used now. It was broken down into two separate phyla: the Cnidaria (jellyfish) and the Ctenophora (comb jellies). This change was made on the evidence of molecular evolution. This makes use of protein amino acid sequences, and whole genome DNA analysis.


title: Second Triumvirate

text: The Second Triumvirate was an alliance between Octavian, Mark Antony and Lepidus. It was formed to punish the conspirators who assassinated Julius Caesar.


title: CAF Champions League

text: The CAF Champions League is a football competition between the best club teams in Africa. The teams are selected because of good performances in matches.


title: Oil lamp

text: An oil lamp is a lamp used for lighting by burning oil. Usually, it produces a flame by burning olive oil, or another vegetable oil, or whale oil during the 1700s and 1800s. They burned cleaner, with less smoke, than candles and other sources of light before electricity.


title: Power series

text: where "a" represents the coefficient of the nth term, "c" is a constant, and "x" varies around "c" (for this reason one sometimes speaks of the series as being "centered" at "c"). This series usually appears as the Taylor series of some known function; the Taylor series article contains many examples.


title: Lager

text: Lager (which is short for Lager beer) is a kind of beer. It is made from a kind of yeast. Fermentation will be a slow process. It usually has a clear color. That color comes from the beer being stored for some time. During that time, the yeast can settle at the bottom of the barrel. The yeast is removed before the beer is bottled or served.


title: Economic bubble

text: An economic bubble happens when a market goes through a very fast inflation of value. This increase is followed by a quick decrease in value, called a "crash" or a "bubble burst". Economic bubbles can be caused by many things, but many economists believe that economic bubbles are related to inflation. An economic bubble can cause an economic crisis due to a loss of investment both by companies and individuals, such as the Great Depression or the Economic crisis of 2007-2010.


title: Lebanon national football team

text: The Lebanon national football team is a team that plays association football for the country of Lebanon. They play most of their matches at the Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium. The stadium is in Beirut, the capital city. They have never qualified for the World Cup. However, they have participated twice at the Asian Cup (in 2000 and 2019).


title: Glauchau

text: Glauchau (Thurginian-Upper Saxon dialect: "Glauche") is a town in Saxony, Germany. It is near the river Mulde, north of Zwickau and west of Chemnitz by rail. It is part of the Zwickau district.


title: Soekarno–Hatta International Airport

text: Soekarno–Hatta International Airport () , abbreviated SHIA, is an airport in Indonesia. It is one of two airports in the Greater Jakarta area and serves international flights.


title: Bildungsroman

text: A Bildungsroman is a kind of novel. It is often called a "coming-of-age" story in English. The word comes from German. "Bildung" means "education", and "Roman", means "novel." This genre is about the psychological and moral growth of the main character from youth to adulthood. The ways the character changes are important.


title: Imperial Japanese Army

text: , also known as the IJA, was the army of Imperial Japan from 1868 to 1945. The army was under the command of Emperor Meiji from 1868-1912, Emperor Taishō from 1912-1926 and Emperor Hirohito from 1926-1945 .


title: Islamic Consultative Assembly

text: The National Consultative Assembly of Iran, also called The Iranian Parliament or People's House, is the national legislative body of Iran. The Parliament has 290 representatives. There were 272 seats since the 18 February 2000 election. The election took place on 2 March 2012. The new parliament will be opened on 27 May 2012.


title: Supervolcano

text: A supervolcano is a volcano that can make a volcanic eruption where the things being thrown out of the volcano have a volume bigger than , which is a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 8. If the definition is expanded, supervolcanoes also include volcanoes that have volcanic eruptions with a volume bigger than , which is a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 7. This is thousands of times bigger than most volcanic eruptions which happened a long time. Supervolcanoes can occur when magma in the Earth rises into the crust from a hotspot, but can not break through the crust. More and more pressure builds up in a large and growing magma pool until the crust can no longer take the pressure.


title: Alajuela

text: Alajuela is the second largest city in Costa Rica. It is the capital of Alajuela Province. It is the birthplace of Juan Santamaría (the national hero of Costa Rica). It is also the birthplace of Carlos Luis Fallas. Juan Santamaría International Airport of Costa Rica is south of Alajuela's downtown.


title: Diaeresis

text: The diaeresis (plural: diaereses) is also spelled diæresis or dieresis. It is a diacritical mark: two dots ( ¨ ) put over a letter, usually a vowel.


title: Raymond Carver

text: Raymond Clevie Carver, Jr. (May 25, 1938 – August 2, 1988) was an American short story writer and poet. Carver is considered a major American writer of the late 20th century. He also helped improve short story writing in the 1980s.


title: Plant anatomy

text: Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the study of the internal structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant morphology, which is the study of the external parts of plants. Plant anatomy is usually studied with a microscope.


title: Wood carving

text: Wood carving is a form of working wood by means of a cutting tool. A chisel or knife are usual tools: the chisel can be tapped with a wooden mallet. The result is a wooden figure, or the sculptural ornamentation of a wooden object. A 'wood carving' may also refer to the finished product.


title: Gloucester, Massachusetts

text: Gloucester is a city in northeast Massachusetts. It is on Cape Ann. At the 2010 U.S. census, 28,789 people lived there.


title: Hwang Kyo-ahn

text: Hwang Kyo-ahn (, Hanja: 黃敎安, RR: Hwang Gyo-an; born 15 April 1957) is a South Korean politician and lawyer. He was the 44th Prime Minister of South Korea from 18 June 2015 to 11 May 2017. He was the Justice Minister.


title: Second Triumvirate

text: The Triumvirate lasted from 43 BC to 33 BC. It ended the effort by Marcus Tullius Cicero to make the Senate once again the top body of the Republic. From then on Rome was ruled by an Emperor.


title: Oil lamp

text: The lamps were usually made of pottery or metal or glass. An old story in the 1001 Nights has Aladdin cleaning (rubbing the lamp) and making a Genie appear.


title: Power series

text: These power series appear primarily in analysis, but also appear in combinatorics (under the name of generating functions) and in electrical engineering (under the name of the Z-transform). The familiar decimal notation for integers can also be viewed as an example of a power series, but with the argument "x" fixed at 10. In number theory, the concept of p-adic numbers is also closely related to that of a power series.


title: Economic bubble

text: An economic bubble occurs due to the human psychology of an expectation of an unlimited demand for any particular commodity. The market moves up quickly as the investors see an increase in prices due to increase in demand. Prices may eventually fall when supply increases beyond the demand, resulting in the bursting of the bubble. Predicting when this will happen is difficult, hence it may surprise investors.


title: Imperial Japanese Army

text: The IJA was started after the Meiji Restoration in 1868, replacing the Samurai. It was abolished at the end of World War II in 1945.


title: Islamic Consultative Assembly

text: The first national assembly, the "Majlis", was formed in 1906, after the 1905-1906 revolution. The Majlis wrote a constitution for the Persian empire.


title: Supervolcano

text: Although there are not many Quaternary supervolcanoes, supervolcanic eruptions usually cover very big areas with lava and volcanic ash. They can also cause a long-lasting change to weather (such as the triggering of a small ice age), enough to possibly make species extinct.


title: Raymond Carver

text: Carver was born in Clatskanie, Oregon, a mill town on the Columbia River, and grew up in Yakima, Washington. His father was a skilled sawmill worker from Arkansas. He was a fisherman and a heavy drinker. Carver's mother sometimes worked as a waitress and as a clerk in a shop. He had one brother, James Franklin Carver, was born in 1943.


title: Wood carving

text: The making of sculpture in wood has a long history. Wood survives much less well than the other materials such as stone and bronze. It is vulnerable to decay, insect damage, and fire. Therefore, we do not know much about wood in the art history of older cultures. Outdoor wood sculptures do not last long in most parts of the world, so that we have little idea how the totem pole tradition developed.


title: Hwang Kyo-ahn

text: Hwang was the Acting President of South Korea after the impeachment and removal of President Park Geun-hye on 10 March 2017, until the election of Moon Jae-in on 9 May 2017.


title: Second Triumvirate

text: The Triumvirate army, led by Octavian and Mark Antony, defeated the Conspirators' army led by Cassius and Brutus. The war ended with the Battle of Philippi in Roman Macedonia in 42 BC. Cassius and Brutus committed suicide and the remainder of their army joined the Triumvirate forces.


title: Imperial Japanese Army

text: The army was involved in many Wars : Boshin War (1868-1869) Invasion Of Taiwan (1874) Shinpuren Rebellion (1876) Satsuma Rebellion (1877) First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895) Invasion Of Taiwan (1895) Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901) Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) World War 1 (1914-1918) Siberian Intervention (1918-1922) Japanese Invasion Of Manchuria (1931) Soviet-Japanese Border Conflict (1932-1939) Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) Battle of Khalkhin Gol (1939) World War 2 (1941-1945) .


title: Islamic Consultative Assembly

text: The first Majlis had 156 delegates. Tehran had 60 of the 156 seats. Major provinces like Azerbaijan had 12 delegates. Smaller provinces like Gilan and Tavala had 6 delegates each.


title: Supervolcano

text: The term "supervolcano" was first used in the BBC popular science television program "Horizon" in 2000 to mean eruptions of this type.


title: Raymond Carver

text: Carver studied at local schools in Amery, Wisconsin. In his spare time he read mostly novels by Mickey Spillane or publications such as Sports Afield and Outdoor Life and hunted and fished with friends and family. After graduating from Yakima High School in 1956, Carver worked with his father at a sawmill in California. In June 1957, aged 19, he married 16-year-old Maryann Burk. She had just graduated from a private Episcopal school for girls. Their daughter, Christine La Rae, was born in December 1957. When their second child, a boy named Vance Lindsay, was born the next year, Carver was 20. Carver supported his family by working as a janitor, sawmill laborer, delivery man, and library assistant. During their marriage, Maryann worked as a waitress, salesperson, administrative assistant, and high school English teacher.


title: Wood carving

text: Many of the most important sculptures of China and Japan are in wood, also most African sculpture and that of Oceania and other regions. Wood is light, so it is suitable for masks and other objects meant to be carried. It can take very fine detail, and is also much easier to work than stone.


title: Imperial Japanese Army

text: Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan prohibits the use of aggressive force as a means for settling international disputes.


title: Islamic Consultative Assembly

text: In 1941, Britain and Russia invaded Persia to put the Germans out. This happened during the 13th Majlis. Mohamed Reza Shah was the constitutional monarch from 1941-1953. From 1953 until the revolution of 1979, Shah was the absolute ruler. Elections for the 14th Majlis were in 1943. In 1950, a special assembly met to create a new upper house, or senate, with half of the members appointed by Shah. The assembly also gave Shah the power to dissolve the national assembly. The 21st Majlis was elected in September 1963.


title: Supervolcano

text: Volcanologists (who study with volcanoes) and geologists do not say "supervolcanoes" in their scientific work. This is because the word can mean many different geothermal conditions. Since 2003, however, the term has been used by professionals when showing things to the public. The term "megacaldera" is sometimes used for calderas which are quite similar to supervolcanoes, such as the Blake River Megacaldera Complex in the Abitibi greenstone belt of Ontario and Quebec, Canada.


title: Raymond Carver

text: Carver became interested in writing in California. He had moved there with his family because his mother-in-law had a home in Paradise. Carver attended a creative-writing course taught by the novelist John Gardner. Gardner became his mentor and had a major influence on Carver's life and career. Carver continued his studies first at Chico State University and then at Humboldt State College in Arcata, California, where he studied with Richard Cortez Day. Carver received his B.A. in 1963. During this period he was first published and served as editor for the university literary magazine called Toyon. Carver included some of his own writing under pen names. He later attended the Iowa Writers' Workshop, at the University of Iowa, for one year. Maryann graduated from San Jose State College in 1970 and taught English at Los Altos High School until 1977.


title: Wood carving

text: Some of the finest examples of early European wood carving are from the Middle Ages in Germany, Russia, Italy and France, where the typical themes of that era were used in Christian icons. In England many complete examples remain from the 16th and 17th century, when oak was often used. In general, really fine carving is done in fruitwood (wood of a fruit tree) because that is easy to work with. The famous woodcarver Grinling Gibbons used to work with lime wood. Complex pieces are often carved in separate sections which are later stuck together.


title: Islamic Consultative Assembly

text: After the revolution, Iran changed the name of the parliament from the National Assembly to the Islamic Assembly.


title: Supervolcano

text: VEI 8 eruptions are considered super-eruptions due to their large scale. The Earth's most recent supereruption is the Oruanui eruption, occurring 26,500 years ago.


title: Raymond Carver

text: In the mid-1960s Carver and his family lived in Sacramento. He worked as a night custodian at Mercy Hospital. He sat in on classes at what was then Sacramento State College including workshops with poet Dennis Schmitz. Carver and Schmitz soon became friends, and Carver's first book of poems, "Near Klamath", was later written and published with helpful advice from Schmitz.


title: Raymond Carver

text: With his appearance in the respected "Foley collection," the impending publication of "Near Klamath" by the English Club of Sacramento State College, and the death of his father, 1967 was a landmark year for Carver. That was also the year that he moved his family to Palo Alto, California, so that he could take a job as a textbook editor for Science Research Associates. He worked there until he was fired in 1970 for his inappropriate writing style. In the 1970s and 1980s as his writing career began to take off, Carver taught for several years at universities throughout the United States.


title: Raymond Carver

text: During his years of working different jobs, rearing children, and trying to write, Carver started to drink heavily. He said that he eventually more or less gave up writing and started drinking all of the time. In the fall semester of 1973, Carver was a teacher in the Iowa Writers' Workshop with John Cheever, but Carver said that they did less teaching than drinking and almost no writing. The next year, after leaving Iowa City, Cheever went to a treatment center to try to overcome his alcoholism, but Carver continued drinking for three years. After going in the hospital three times (between June 1976 and February or March 1977), Carver began his 'second life' and stopped drinking on June 2, 1977, with the help of Alcoholics Anonymous.


title: Raymond Carver

text: Carver met the poet Tess Gallagher at a writers' conference in Dallas, Texas in November, 1977. Beginning in January, 1979, Carver and Gallagher lived together in El Paso, Texas, in a borrowed cabin near Port Angeles, in western Washington state, and in Tucson, Arizona. In 1980, they moved to Syracuse. Gallagher was the coordinator of the creative writing program at Syracuse University. Carver was a professor in the English department. He and Gallagher bought a house in Syracuse, at 832 Maryland Avenue. Later, the house became so popular that the couple had to hang a sign outside that read "Writers At Work" so that people would leave them alone. In 1982, Carver and first wife, Maryann, were divorced. He married Gallagher in 1988 in Reno, Nevada. Six weeks later, on August 2, 1988, Carver died in Port Angeles, Washington, from lung cancer at the age of 50. In the same year, he was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters.


title: Raymond Carver

text: Carver's career was dedicated to short stories and poetry. He often wrote about blue-collar experiences. These were similar to his own life. In the same way, he often included themes of alcoholism and recovery from his life.


title: Raymond Carver

text: His first published story appeared in 1960, titled "The Furious Seasons." His first collection, "Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?", was published in 1976. The story with the same name had already appeared in the collection, "Best American Short Stories 1967".


title: Raymond Carver

text: Tess Gallagher published five Carver stories after he died in a book called "Call If You Need Me". One of the stories, "Kindling", won an O. Henry Award in 1999. Throughout his lifetime Carver won six O. Henry Awards: the winning stories were: "Are These Actual Miles" (originally titled "What is it?") (1972), "Put Yourself in My Shoes" (1974), "Are You A Doctor?" (1975), "A Small, Good Thing" (1983), and "Errand" (1988).


title: Raymond Carver

text: Carver believed he would have died of alcoholism at the age of 40 if he had not found a way to stop drinking. When he knew the cancer would kill him, he wrote a poem about that bonus of 10 years, called "Gravy."


title: Checkpoint Charlie

text: Checkpoint Charlie was one of three places where people could travel from the Western occupied sectors of Germany and Berlin to the Soviet occupied sectors.


title: Battle of Leyte Gulf

text: The Battle of Leyte Gulf, was the biggest naval battle in modern history. The battle was part of World War II, and happened in the seas near the Philippines island of Leyte. It took place from 23 October to 26 October 1944, between the Allies and the Empire of Japan. The Allies started the battle to cut the way between Japan and its colonies in South East Asia. Japan took its oil for fuel from that area. The Japanese gathered all the ships they had left to fight the Allied troops. However, they failed and lost many ships and aircraft.


title: Gaucho

text: Gaucho () or Gaúcho () is the term commonly used for people who live in the south regions of Brazil, mainly in Rio Grande do Sul. It can also be used for people from Uruguay, Argentina and Chile. They are similar to the North American cowboys, and, like them, gauchos of Argentina have become a symbol of freedom.


title: Boston Marathon

text: The Boston Marathon is a famous marathon which is run every April in Boston, Massachusetts on Patriot's Day. The distance of the race is 26.2 miles or 26 miles and 385 yards. To participate, runners need to qualify ahead of time by getting a certain time on another marathon first. This time is different depending on how old the runner is. (Every year, some runners who do not qualify are allowed in by raising money for charity).


title: Pangong Tso

text: Pangong Tso (or Pangong Lake; Tso: Ladakhi for lake) is a lake in the Himalayas situated at a height of about 4,250 m (13,900 ft). It is 134 km (83.3 mi) long and extends from Ladakh to Tibet. Two thirds of the length of this lake lies in Tibet. The lake is 5 km (3 mi) wide at its broadest point. In winter, the lake surface freezes completely despite being salt water.


title: Crypto.com Arena

text: Crypto.com Arena, originally known as Staples Center, is an indoor multi-purpose arena in downtown Los Angeles, California. It is home to three basketball teams—the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Clippers of the NBA and Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA—plus the Los Angeles Kings of the NHL in ice hockey. They have the Grammy Awards here every year. The building hosted World Wrestling Entertainment's pay-per-view WrestleMania 21 in 2005.


title: Manna

text: Manna, sometimes spelled mana, is the name of a food which, according to the Pentateuch of the Bible, the Israelites ate while they were traveling 40 years in the desert after leaving Egypt, which God provided because they had nothing to eat. Every morning they would gather the white flakes that covered the ground. It is said to have a sweet taste. When they got tired of manna, God gave them quail (bird).


title: Zombieland

text: Zombieland is a 2009 American adventure comedy horror movie that was produced by Gavin Polone and was the directorial debut for director Ruben Fleischer.


title: Training Day

text: Training Day is a 2001 American crime drama thriller movie. It stars Denzel Washington and Ethan Hawke. Washington won an Academy Award for his leading role as psychopathic LAPD detective Alonzo Harris. It was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was also remade as a tv series in 2017 starring Bill Paxton.