title: Tigranes the Great

text: He was involved in many battles during his reign. He had battles against the Parthian, Seleucid, and Roman empires.


title: Ludwigsburg

text: Together with Kornwestheim, Ludwigsburg forms a central center for the surrounding municipalities. Since 1 April 1956, Ludwigsburg is a large district town.


title: École Polytechnique

text: Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed in French and English languages. Students from a lot of nationalities participate to the different curricula at École Polytechnique.


title: Pope Anastasius I

text: Anastasius was born in Rome, but little is known about his early life. His father's name was Maximus.


title: Vinson Massif

text: Though the yearly snowfall on Vinson is low, high winds can cause base camp accumulations up to in a year. During the summer season, November through January, there are 24 hours of sunlight. The average temperature during these months is .


title: African golden cat

text: The head of an African golden cat has light spots around the eyes. In the 1960s, studies were done that showed that various colors of the African golden cat (red, brown, silver) were found in equal numbers in most areas of their habitats. Distinctive spots on the back of the cat are only found on cats in West Africa.


title: Linda B. Buck

text: She changed her name to Linda Brown Buck after getting married to Roger Brent. She studied psychology and microbiology at the University of Washington in Seattle, graduating in 1975. Buck received her Ph.D. in immunology from University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas in 1980. She researched more at Columbia after her studies in doctoral research . There, she met Richard Axel. They worked together from 1984 to 1991, when Buck left New York for a teaching job. They researched primarily on the genetic and cellular mechanisms relating to an organism’s sense of smell. When she left New York, Buck worked at Harvard until 2002. She then joined the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.


title: Báb

text: The Báb told everyone that another prophet who was stronger and even more powerful was coming soon. People who follow the Bahá'í religion believe the Báb was talking about Bahá'u'lláh, who started the Bahá'í religion.


title: Pope Anastasius I

text: He best known for being against the thinking and writings of Origen. In 400 he called a council to discuss them. The council agreed that Origen was not faithful to the Catholic Church.


title: African golden cat

text: Normally, the habitat of the African golden cat is in the tropical rainforests found along the equator in Africa.


title: Linda B. Buck

text: In 2004, Buck won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for her research on the sense of smell. She shared her Nobel Prize with Richard Axel. The two scientists made many new discoveries about Genetic and cellular Mechanisms responsible of the sense of smell in human beings and other organisms. In a series of experiments Buck (working independently from Axel) discovered how people separate different smells in their nose. She learned that people detect smells from odor in the air. Odors are released through many different substances. These molecules stimulate olfactory response cells in the nose. They send signals to the brain. Buck discovered that there are 350 smell receptors in the nose.


title: Báb

text: The Báb was born on October 20, 1819, in Shiraz, Iran. His father was a merchant, and many people in the town knew him. Very soon after the Báb was born, his father died. The Báb's uncle Ḥájí Mírzá Siyyid `Alí was also a merchant, and he raised the Báb.


title: Pope Anastasius I

text: After Anastasius, it became traditional for priests to stand and bow their head as they read from the gospels.


title: Báb

text: When the Báb became an adult, he started working as a merchant with his uncle. In 1842 he married a woman named Khadíjih-Bagum. Together they had one son, who they named Aḥmad. Aḥmad was very sick and died when as a baby. Someone who lived at the same time as the Báb said he was very calm and quiet; they said the Báb only spoke who he had too, and did not even answer questions. The Báb was always thinking and praying. People said he was handsome, and had a thin beard. He always dressed in clean clothes, and wore a green scarf and a black turban, or wrap of cloth on his head.


title: Báb

text: Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsa'i started a Shi'a Islam religious group in Persia in the 1790s. The member of the group, who were called Shaykhis, believes that god was sending a new messenger to earth very soon. They called the new messenger the Qá'im, or theMahdi. When Shaykh Ahmad died, Siyyid Kázim, who was from Rasht, Iran, became the new leader of the Shaykhis. Shaykh Ahmad lived was born in 1753 and he died in 1862. Siyyid Kázim was born in 1793 and he died in 1843.


title: Báb

text: When the Báb went on a pilgrimage to Karbala and the places near it, he may have listened to Siyyid Kázim teach. Nobody knows for sure if he did or did not, because there are very few documents or records from that time.


title: Báb

text: When Siyyid Kázim was dying, in December, he told all his followers—people who believe what he taught—that they should travel and try to find the new prophet from god. He called that prophet "The Lord of the Age", and told them that he would be discovered very soon. One of the people who believed Siyyid Kázim prayed and fasted, or stopped eating from dawn to dusk for forty days - his name was Mullá Ḥusayn. After that he travelled to Shiraz, and he met the Báb.


title: Báb

text: Mullá Ḥusayn got to Shiraz on May 23, 1844. A young man wearing a green turban greeted him after he had not been in Shiraz for very long. In Iran at that time, only people who were related to the prophet Muḥammad wore green turbans. Men who were related to the prophet Muḥammad were called Siyyids. The young man was the Báb, and he invited Mullá Ḥusayn to his home.


title: Báb

text: The Báb asked Mullá Ḥusayn why he was in Shiraz, and Mullá Ḥusayn told him that he was searching for the new prophet, or Promised One. The Báb asked Mullá Ḥusayn how he would know who the prophet way. Mullá Ḥusayn told him that the prophet would come from a famous and good family, and would know many things without having to learn them, also that he would have no problems with his body. Then the Báb said that all of those things were true about himself. ""Behold, all these signs are manifest in me."" The Báb was saying that he was the new prophet Mullá Ḥusayn had been looking for. This shocked, or startled Mullá Ḥusayn.


title: Báb

text: Mullá Ḥusayn had one more way to know who the new prophet was, and he had not told the Báb about. Siyyid Káẓim had told Mullá Ḥusayn that the new prophet would write a book explaining the Surih of Joseph. Siyyid Káẓim had also said that the new prophet would do this without anyone asking him to. After the Báb told Mullá Ḥusayn that he was the new prophet, he wrote a book about the Surih of Joseph. The Báb called that book the Qayyúmu'l-Asmá'


title: Báb

text: After spending the night talking to the Báb Mullá Husayn said this. (The words below might be hard to read.)


title: Báb

text: Mullá Ḥusayn was the Báb's first disciple. A student of a religious leader is called a disciple. In less than five months, seventeen more students of Siyyid Káẓim became disciples of the Báb. All of the new disciples started believing the Báb was a new manifestation, or prophet of god without anyone else's help. One of these new disciples was a woman. Her name was Zarrín Táj Baragháni, and she was a poet. Later she was given a new name,Ṭáhirih (the pure). Later people started calling the first eighteen disciples and the Báb the Letters of the Living. The Báb told the Letters of the Living that it was their job to tell people that he was the new prophet.


title: Báb

text: The Báb said that the Letters of the Living were special. In Shi'a Islam there are fourteen special people, called the "Infallibles". Shi'as believe the "Infallibles" are always right. Muhammad, the twelve Imáms, and Fatimah, are the "Infallibles" in Shi'a Islam. Just like the "Infallibles", one of the letters of the Living was a woman, and one was a prophet. Nineteen was a special number in Bábism. The Letters of the Living were very much like the Twelve Apostles of Christ.


title: Nitra

text: Nitra (Hungarian: "Nyitra" / "Nyitria" [archaic]; German: "Neutra" ()) is a city in western Slovakia (and the fifth largest urban settlement in Slovakia) situated at the foot of Zobor Mountain in the Nitra River valley.


title: Teresina

text: Teresina is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Piauí. It has about 900,000 habitants and an area of 1,680 km².


title: Province of Ancona

text: The province of Ancona () is a province in the Marche region of Central Italy. Its capital is the city of Ancona, and the province borders the Adriatic Sea. The city of Ancona is also the capital of Marche.


title: Scotia Sea

text: Normally stormy and cold, the Scotia Sea is the area of water between Tierra del Fuego, South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula. It is bordered on the west by Drake Passage. These island groups all sit on top of the Scotia Ridge. The Scotia Sea covers an area of about 900,000 km². About half of the sea stands above the continental shelf.


title: Tuzla

text: Tuzla is the third largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has about 110,000 people living there. The city has several different cultures living in it but is mostly inhabited by Muslim Bosniaks.


title: Jabalpur

text: Jabalpur or Jubbulpore is a city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is close to the Nerbudda river. Jabalpur is one of the largest cities in the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is located at a major road - rail junction and is also a military headquarters.


title: Nitra

text: Nitra is one of the oldest cities in Slovakia. It existed as a town since at least the early 9th century.


title: Province of Ancona

text: Ancona has an area of . The province is bordered to the northeast and east by the Adriatic Sea, to the northwest by the province of Pesaro and Urbino, to the west with Umbria (province of Perugia) and to the south with the province of Macerata.


title: Scotia Sea

text: The islands do have vegetation. They have been called Scotia Sea Islands tundra ecoregion. These include South Georgia, the volcanic South Sandwich Islands and the South Orkneys in the Scotia Sea as well as the remote South Shetland Islands near the Antarctic Peninsula and the small isolated volcano Bouvet Island. All these islands are in the cold seas below the Antarctic convergence. These areas have tundra vegetation of mosses, lichen and algae. Seabirds, penguins and seals feed in the surrounding waters.


title: Nitra

text: Nitra is a city with special history. People have lived there for at least 6000 years. It was an important center of the Celts (in the last few hundred years BC), and later the seat of the first known rulers of what is today Slovak territory, i.e. of :


title: Province of Ancona

text: There are 474,124 persons living in the province (1 January 2017), for a population density of inhabitants/km².


title: Scotia Sea

text: Seabirds include four species of albatross: Black-browed Albatross "(Diomedea melanophris)", Grey-headed Albatross "(Thalassarche chrysostoma)", Light-mantled Albatross "(Phoebetria palpebrata)", and Wandering Albatross "(Diomedea exulans)". There are only five species of bird that stay on land. These include two endemic species: a race of the Yellow-billed Pintail duck"(Anas georgica)" and South Georgia Pipit "(Anthus antarcticus)".


title: Province of Ancona

text: The largest "comune" is Fabriano, with and the smallest is Concamarise, with . Only two "comuni" have less than 1,000 inhabitants (2017)ː San Paolo di Jesi with 912 inhabitants, and Poggio San Marcello with 685 inhabitants.


title: Scotia Sea

text: Penguin species found here include large numbers of King Penguins, as well as Chinstrap Penguin, Macaroni Penguin, Gentoo penguin, Adelie Penguin, and Rockhopper Penguin "(Eudyptes chrysocome)".


title: Province of Ancona

text: The following table shows the 10 "comuni" with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.


title: Scotia Sea

text: Seals include the Antarctic Fur Seal "(Arctocephalus gazella)" and Sub-Antarctic Fur Seal "(Arctocephalus tropicalis)" in large numbers, Leopard Seal "(Hydrurga leptonyx)", Weddell Seal "(Leptonychotes weddellii)", the huge Southern Elephant Seal "(Mirounga leonina)", and Crabeater Seal "(Lobodon carcinophagus)".


title: Scotia Sea

text: South Georgia, the South Sandwich Islands and Bouvet Island are protected as nature reserves. Bird Island, South Georgia is a site of special scientific interest.


title: Province of Trieste

text: The Province of Trieste (, ) is a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Trieste. It has an area of 212 km², and a total population of 242,235 (2001). It has a coastal length of 48.1 km. There are 6 communes in the province.


title: Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina

text: Tierra del Fuego (officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is a province of Argentina. It is entirely separated from mainland Argentina by the Strait of Magellan. It includes:


title: Flag of Vietnam

text: The flag of Vietnam, officially "red flag with a gold star" (cờ đỏ sao vàng), was designed in 1940. The background color is red and there is a yellow star. Red means revolution and victory while the yellow star means leadership of Communist Party of Vietnam. The star also means different grades of Vietnam.


title: Pope Leo II

text: Pope Leo II (611 – 28 June 683) was pope of the Catholic Church from 17 August 682 until he died in 28 June 683. He put an end to attempts by the Ravenna archbishops to get away from the control of the Bishop of Rome. He helped the deal for the Ravenna bishops by putting an end to the tax it had been usual for them to pay when they received the pallium. After Agatho died, Leo was elected pope. When Leo died, he was buried in his own monument. After a few years, his remains were moved to a tomb which contained the first four Pope Leos.


title: Krak de Chevaliers

text: Krak de Chevaliers () is a castle in Syria. The castle is on a hill and its position means that it can control the nearby valley and two Roman roads. The castle's builders were Crusaders. Between 1144 and 1271 the Knights Hospitaller used the castle. Because scholars have studied the castle and have restored the buildings, people say that Krak de Chevaliers is the best castle that the Crusaders built. The military design of the castle is complex and shows the last development of fortification by during existence of the Crusader states. It is one of the first "concentric castles" (castles with concentric layers of walls). Krak de Chevaliers was an important development in the design of castles, and many other castles' builders copied its design. No army in the Middle Ages ever took the castle by force. UNESCO has named the castle a World Heritage Site.


title: Krak de Chevaliers

text: Krak de Chevaliers stands on a hill which is high. The hill is at the southern end of the Jabal Ansāriyya mountains, in a position looking over the Homs Gap. Nearby roads carry a trade routes between Antioch and Beirut. The hill has been a fortified place since the 13th century BCE. In 1031 CE, Kurds started to live there in a small castle. In 1110, the Crusaders attacked it took control of the castle. After the Crusaders set up the County of Tripoli, the Knights Hospitaller took control of the castle in 1142. The Knights Hospitaller were the builders of the castle whose ruins remain. The newer castle stands on top of the older 11th-century castle. The oldest buildings there now were built after 1142, when the Knights Hospitaller started to use the place. The first part of the castle to be complete was the centre. At the centre was a building whose shape was an approximation of a triangle. Here are the great hall and kitchens, the chapel, and the granaries, and around these is a thick, strong, masonry wall with towers. When Saladin saw it after his army's victory at the Battle of Hattin, he decided not to attack it.


title: Krak de Chevaliers

text: At the end of the 12th century, the Knights Hospitaller built another defensive wall around the central castle, whereby they closed in of the hill. This wall was also very thick and strong. There are towers at positions along the wall. The first towers to be complete were square in shape, but the later ones were semi-circular. There were two gates with barbicans, one behind the other and joined together by a stone passage with a stone vault. Another postern gate was in the north wall, in a strong position. The Crusaders built many other buildings and made many improvements to the fortifications during this time. The castle was the Hospitallers' headquarters. The Crusaders built the castle's great hall () around 1200. The knights lived together in the great hall. Most of the buildings were complete by around 1220.


title: Krak de Chevaliers

text: After 1170, the castle's chapel was given new frescos. The frescos' painters did the work in a painting style that is like Byzantine art. The Byzantines' influence in the Crusader states was greatest between 1143 and 1169. The builders at Krak de Chevaliers did new work on the great hall building in the style of Gothic architecture.


title: Krak de Chevaliers

text: Krak de Chevaliers was one of several concentric castles that the Knights Hospitaller and the Knights Templar built in the 13th century to stop Muslim armies attacking the Crusader states. The new design was necessary for the repulsion of armies that used new designs of catapults and trebuchets. Krak de Chevaliers had space for large rooms and cisterns with stone vaults. In these rooms and cisterns, the Crusaders could keep enough food and water to eat and drink for many years. The military design meant that the castle was nearly safe from attack. The stores of supplies meant that people in the castle would be safe from a siege. The design of Krak de Chevaliers is one of the best examples of a "concentric castle", along with the castles built by Edward I of England.


title: Krak de Chevaliers

text: The Mamluk leader Baibars attacked Krak de Chevaliers in 1271. His army attacked with trebuchets and catapults. Baibars's army got inside the first wall, but they could not take control of the centre of the castle. Baibars wrote a false letter, which he sent to the Crusaders in the castle. They believed the letter had come from an ally of theirs. The letter said that the Crusaders should surrender. They did surrender, and the Mamluk army of Baibars took control of the castle. After this the Mamluks worked on the castle's buildings. Their builders repaired the buildings and fortifications, and they built a large new tower. The new tower was complete in 1285. (Baibars destroyed many other castles that he took from the Crusaders, but not Krak de Chevaliers.) Unlike many Crusader castles, Krak de Chevaliers continued to be a military position and a centre of government in its area. The castle started to be a town of its own. The frescos in the chapel were whitewashed.


title: Garry Marshall

text: Garry Marshall (November 13, 1934 – July 19, 2016) was an American writer, producer, director and actor.


title: Cuenca

text: Cuenca is a Spanish city, capital of the Cuenca province, in Castile-La Mancha. Around 50,000 are living there. It is famous for its monuments: The hanging houses, the Cathedral and other churches. It is located over the Jucar river, near the Serrania of Cuenca.


title: Georges Cuvier

text: Baron Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (23 August 1769–13 May 1832), usually called Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist.


title: Roman Herzog

text: Roman Herzog (5 April 1934 – 10 January 2017) was a German politician (CDU). He was President of Germany from 1994 to 1999.


title: Carl Wilhelm Scheele

text: Carl Wilhelm Scheele (December 9, 1742 - May 21, 1786) a German-Swedish pharmaceutical chemist, born in Stralsund, Western Pomerania, Germany (at the time under Swedish rule), was the discoverer of many chemical substances, most notably discovering oxygen before Joseph Priestley and chlorine before Humphry Davy.


title: Danny Boyle

text: Daniel Boyle (born 20 October 1956) is a British movie director and producer. He was born in Radcliffe, Lancashire into a working-class Irish Catholic family.


title: Luton

text: Luton is a large town in Bedfordshire, England. It is about north of London. It is on the M1 motorway and has mainline trains from King's Cross and St Pancras stations. It is an industrial town which has diversified from its original base as a manufacturer of hats and cars. It is also famous for its airport which serves flights across Europe. Its fine communications means it has many people who commute to work in London. It has a population of 213,052 (mid-2019 estimate).


title: Procellariiformes

text: Procellariiformes is an order of seabirds that comprises four families: the albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters, storm petrels, and diving petrels. They have a cosmopolitan distribution across the world's oceans, with the highest diversity being around New Zealand.


title: Ghazni Province

text: Ghazni () () is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the east of the country. Its capital is Ghazni City.


title: Aksaray

text: Aksaray is a city in northern Turkey. The city is in the Central Anatolia Region. In 2013, 273,999 people lived there.


title: Altenburg

text: Altenburg is a city in the German state of Thuringia. It is the capital of the district Altenburger Land. As of 2018, 32,074 people lived there.


title: Garry Marshall

text: Marshall wrote for comedians Joey Bishop and Phil Foster. Soon he moved on to writing for television series, including "The Dick Van Dyke Show" and "The Tonight Show". In 1970, he adapted the Neil Simon play and 1968 movie "The Odd Couple" into a popular television series starring Tony Randall and Jack Klugman.


title: Georges Cuvier

text: Cuvier was a very important figure in scientific circles in Paris during the early 19th century. He helped establish the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology by comparing living animals with fossils. He proved extinction was a fact. He was the most influential person believing in catastrophism in geology in the early 19th century. His most famous work is the "Règne animal distribué d'après son organisation" 1817; translated into English as "The Animal Kingdom".


title: Roman Herzog

text: He studied law in Munich, Bavaria and took the first stage law exam in 1957. In 1958, he gained the title Dr.jur. (doctor of laws) and worked in the University of Munich until 1964, where he passed his second law exam. He wrote "Die Wesensmerkmale der Staatsorganisation in rechtlicher und entwicklungsgeschichtlicher Sicht" ("Characteristics of State Organization from a Juristic and Developmental-Historical Viewpoint"), and was given the title of professor in 1964.


title: Danny Boyle

text: His movies include "Shallow Grave", "Trainspotting", "A Life Less Ordinary", "The Beach", "28 Days Later", "Millions", "28 Weeks Later", "Sunshine", "Slumdog Millionaire" and "127 Hours". Boyle was nominated for five BAFTA Awards and three Academy Awards. He directed the 2018 television series "Trust" based on the kidnapping of John Paul Getty III, the grandson of J. Paul Getty.


title: Luton

text: Luton was started in about the 6th century by the Saxons, based by the River Lea. It has a history of industry: making hats and Vauxhall cars for example.


title: Procellariiformes

text: Only a single egg is laid per nesting attempt, and usually only a single nesting attempt is made per year, although the larger albatrosses may only nest once every two years. Both parents participate in incubation and chick rearing. Incubation times are long compared to other birds, as are fledgling periods. Once a chick has fledged there is no further parental care.


title: Ghazni Province

text: The major ethnic groups in the province are Hazaras, Pashtuns and Tajiks. There are also some Burki, and Uzbeks. Ghazni is made up of 19 districts.


title: Garry Marshall

text: It was very successful. Marshall worked on "Happy Days", "Laverne and Shirley" (which co-starred his sister Penny), and "Mork and Mindy". Both of there were spin-offs from "Happy Days" and just as successful and well-known. He directed and acted in several movies including "Pretty Woman" and "Runaway Bride".


title: Georges Cuvier

text: Cuvier was a member of the elite Académie française and the French Academy of Sciences. He is remembered for strongly opposing the evolutionary theories of Lamarck and Geoffroy. Cuvier believed there was no evidence for the evolution of organic forms, but there was evidence for successive creations after catastrophic extinction events.


title: Roman Herzog

text: In Germany "professor" is a title meaning senior teacher, not a job name. Herzog taught at the University of Munich until 1966. From 1966 he taught state law and political science as a full professor at the Free University of Berlin (FUB). In 1969 he moved to the FUB in Speyer, and was the University President from 1971 to 1972.


title: Luton

text: Luton is a unitary authority, which means it is governed locally by its own council, Luton Borough Council. It is represented by two members of parliament.


title: Ghazni Province

text: Some Sikhs and Hindus also live in Ghazni province. During the Taliban regime they fled the country. With the current administration they have returned to Ghazni city.


title: Garry Marshall

text: Marshall also ran and works out of a local community theatre house in Los Angeles, The Falcon Theatre.


title: Georges Cuvier

text: Some of Cuvier's most influential followers were Louis Agassiz, and Richard Owen. His is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower.


title: Roman Herzog

text: In 1973 he entered politics, and became a member of the Bundesrat for Rhineland-Palatinate. He was minister for culture and sports in the Baden-Württemberg Land Government from 1978. In 1980 he was elected to the State Parliament ("Landtag"), and took over the state Ministry of the Interior.


title: Luton

text: Its football club is in the English football league and play at Kenilworth Road. Their nickname is 'The Hatters'. They are called this because of Luton's history of making straw hats.


title: Ghazni Province

text: Band E Sardeh Dam is located in Andar District near the border with Paktika Province. It creates a large water reservoir that is important to the irrigation of the Kahnjoor farming zone.


title: Garry Marshall

text: On the morning of July 19, 2016, Marshall, aged 81, died at a hospital in Burbank, California, due to complications of pneumonia after suffering a stroke.


title: Georges Cuvier

text: He was the elder brother of Frédéric Cuvier (1773–1838), also a naturalist. Cuvier died in Paris, of cholera.


title: Roman Herzog

text: Herzog was also always active in the Protestant Church. Since 1982 he had been a member of the synod (parliament) of the Protestant Church of Germany. He had been a member of the Evangelical Church in Germany since 1972.


title: Luton

text: Luton town has a large immigrant population, which consists mainly of people of Pakistani and Bengali origin.


title: Roman Herzog

text: In 1983 he became vice president of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany in Karlsruhe, and president over from 1987 to 1994, when he was elected President of Germany by the Bundesversammlung ("Federal Convention"). His term ended in 1999, when he was succeeded by Johannes Rau.


title: Roman Herzog

text: His wife, Christiane Herzog, died on 19 June 2000. He later married Alexandra Freifrau von Berlichingen in 2001.


title: Atropine

text: Atropine is a tropane alkaloid, that can be extracted from the deadly nightshade ("Atropa belladonna"), mandrake ("Mandragora officinarum") and certain other plants. It is mainly used as a drug. Atropine can be deadly. The substance derives its name from Atropos, one of the three Fates. In Greek mythology, the Fates chose how a person was to die. Atropine is a "core" medicine in the World Health Organization's "Essential Drugs List", which is a list of minimum medical needs for a basic health care system.


title: David Duchovny

text: David Duchovny (born August 7, 1960) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Fox Mulder on the television series, "The X-Files". On August 13, 2007, his series "Californication" began airing on the Showtime television network.


title: Emden

text: Emden is a town in the most northwest of Germany. It is the main town of the region of East Frisia, and also a port town of the North Sea. About 51,000 people were living in Emden in 2016.


title: Glenn Seaborg

text: Glenn Theodore Seaborg (April 19, 1912 – Feb. 25, 1999) was an American chemist. He was born in Ishpening, Michigan. He won the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Edwin M. McMillan.


title: Gex, Ain

text: Gex () is a commune in the Ain department. It is in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in east France. Gex is the capital of the "arrondissement" of Gex and of the historical region Pays de Gex.


title: Origen

text: Origen (or Origenes, also Origen(es) Adamantius) was an early Christian scholar. He lived in Alexandria in the 3rd century. He was born in the year 185 or 186, and proably died around the year 254. Today, he is regarded as one of the Church Fathers, but not as a Saint. This is probably because he had some ideas, which were declared to be false later on. These ideas included that the human soul existed before conception, and entered the human body before birth (generally known as pre-existence). Another idea was that of the souls entering a different human body after death. A third idea, called Apocatastasis, is that the reign of god would be restored when the world ends. These ideas were discussed by church fathers, but it was decided that they were false beliefs. The Ecumenical Council of Constantinople in 453 CE posthumously excommunicated Origen, and the 2nd Council of Constantinople in 553 CE declared "apocatastasis" as heresy. However, in recent years the idea has found some reconsideration especially among Restorationist Christian groups.


title: Charles Albert Gobat

text: Charles Albert Gobat (May 21, 1843 – March 16, 1914) was a Swiss lawyer, educational administrator, and politician. He jointly received the Nobel Peace Prize with Élie Ducommun in 1902 for their leadership of the Permanent International Peace Bureau.


title: Pope Anastasius III

text: Pope Anastasius III (; died June 913) was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 121st Pope from 911 until his death in 913.


title: Tétouan

text: Tétouan is one of the two major ports of Morocco on the Mediterranean Sea. It lies a few miles south of the Strait of Gibraltar, and about 60 km (40 mi) E.S.E. of Tangier.


title: Frank Capra

text: Frank Russell Capra (born Francesco Rosario Capra; May 18, 1897 – September 3, 1991) was a Sicilian-American movie director, movie producer and screenwriter. He won three Oscars from his six nominations as Best Director. His best known movies are "It Happened One Night" (1934), "You Can't Take It with You" (1938), "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington" (1939) and "It's a Wonderful Life" (1946).


title: Çorum

text: Çorum is a city in northern Turkey. The city is in the Karadeniz Region. In 2013, 270,864 people lived there.


title: Etching

text: Etching is done by drawing lines through a protective coating on a copper or zinc plate. The plate is then placed into acid. The acid cuts into the unprotected parts of the surface to create a design in the metal.


title: Port Blair

text: Port Blair () is the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India in the Bay of Bengal. It is also the local administrative sub-division ("tehsil") of the islands, the headquarters for the district of South Andaman, and is the territory's only notified town. It houses the headquarters of the Andaman and Nicobar Police and the Andaman and Nicobar Command, the first integrated tri-command of the armed forces of India.


title: Virgin Islands

text: The Virgin Islands are part of the Leeward Islands, which are the northern part of the Lesser Antilles. They are between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.


title: Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife

text: Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, also Province of Santa Cruz (), is a province of Spain, made up of the western part of the autonomous community of the Canary Islands. It has the islands of Tenerife, La Gomera, El Hierro, and La Palma. It occupies an area of .


title: Hero of the Soviet Union

text: The Hero of the Soviet Union was a medal awarded to members of the Soviet Union Red Army during World War II for men who drastically changed the outcome of a battle. 12,775 were awarded. Title of Hero of the Soviet Union was introduced by the Decree of the CEC of the USSR on 16 April 1934. After WW2 many other socialist countries established similar award. There were a lot of persons who was awarded more that one time.


title: Gustav I of Sweden

text: Gustav I of Sweden (born 14 May 1496, died 29 September 1560) was the King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560. During his reign, Sweden broke relationship with the Kalmar Union and the Roman Catholic Church.


title: Atropine

text: The second part of the Latin name ("belladonna", "pretty woman") comes from the fact that it can be used to temporarily disable the eye's adaptation to light. This will lead to "big" pupils, which were considered pretty in a woman of the Renaissance. Atropine can also be used to resuscitate patients that have gone into cardiac arrest. It can also be used as an antidote to certain poison gases and insecticides.


title: Glenn Seaborg

text: In 1980, he changed several thousand atoms of bismuth into gold at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. His experimental technique, using nuclear physics, was able to remove protons and neutrons from the bismuth atom. Seaborg's techique would have cost too much money to make of gold, but his work is the closest to the mythical Philosopher's Stone.


title: Gex, Ain

text: The climate of Gex, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.


title: Origen

text: His writings are included in the general collection of early Church Fathers. However, unlike many church fathers, Origen was never canonized by the Catholic Church, because some of his teachings (for example, that every man and woman, and even the devil and his demons, would ultimately be saved) directly contradicted the teachings and actions of the apostles.


title: Charles Albert Gobat

text: Gobat was born on May 21, 1843 at Tramelan, Switzerland. He was the son of a Protestant pastor. He was the nephew of Samuel Gobat, a missionary who became bishop of Jerusalem. He was educated at the University of Basel, University of Heidelberg, University of Bern, and University of Paris. He received his doctorate in law, "summa cum laude", from the University of Heidelberg in 1867.


title: Pope Anastasius III

text: Anastasius was elected pope in 911. He was pope during a period when Rome and the Papacy were in the power of the Theophylact family.


title: Etching

text: The printing is done by rolling an ink pad across the surface. The ink sinks into the intaglio (cut) surface, and rolls off the waxed surface off the plate. The metal plate is then pressed onto paper.


title: Port Blair

text: Port Blair also serves as the entry point for visiting the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Port Blair is connected with mainland India by both air and sea. It is a 2-hour flight from mainland India to Port Blair, but it takes 3–4 days by sea to reach Chennai, Kolkata or Vishakhapatnam. Air connectivity to Port Blair is available from Chennai, Kolkata, New Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Bhubaneshwar and Vishakhapatnam. All flights bound to Andaman and Nicobar Islands land at the Veer Savarkar International Airport. Sea connectivity is available from Chennai, Kolkata and Vishakhapatnam are embarked in Haddo Wharf Port. It is home to several museums and a major naval base INS Jarawa of the Indian Navy, along with sea and air bases of the Indian Coast Guard and the Indian Air Force. Port Blair is also famous for the historic Cellular Jail and other small islands like Carbyns Cove, Wandoor, Ross, Viper etc. which were once home to British colonists.


title: Virgin Islands

text: The eastern islands are the British Virgin Islands. The British Virgin Islands is an of the United Kingdom. It includes , , and .


title: Glenn Seaborg

text: Seaborg worked at the Manhattan Project during World War II. He studied the chemical properties of plutonium as a part of the secret war research.


title: Gex, Ain

text: Gex is a subprefecture of the Ain department and the capital of the arrondissement of Gex in the same department. It is also the capital of the canton of Gex, formed by 7 "communes" (29,557 inhabitants)


title: Origen

text: Origen wrote about many branches of theology, including textual criticism, biblical exegesis and hermeneutics, philosophical theology, preaching, and spirituality. Some of his teachings, however, quickly became controversial. Notably, he frequently referred to his hypothesis of the pre-existence of souls. In the beginning all intelligent beings were united to God. In his writingas, Origen also considered the possibility, that in the end all beings, perhaps even the arch-fiend Satan, would be reconciled with God in what is called the apokatastasis ("restitution").


title: Charles Albert Gobat

text: In 1902, Gobat jointly received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 with Élie Ducommun for their leadership of the Permanent International Peace Bureau.


title: Port Blair

text: Port Blair has been selected as one of the cities to be developed as a smart city under the Smart Cities Mission.


title: Virgin Islands

text: The western Virgin Islands are the United States Virgin Islands. It includes St. Croix, , St. Thomas and Water Island. The Virgin Passage separates the U.S. Virgin Islands from the "" of and Culebra, which are part of Puerto Rico. The United States dollar is the official currency on both the British and U.S. Virgin Islands as well as the Spanish/Puerto Rican Virgin Islands.


title: Glenn Seaborg

text: He served as Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission and was a professor at the University of California, Berkeley.


title: Origen

text: Origen saw the Son of God as subordinate to God the Father. Even though this view of the Trinity was common at the time, it became controversial during the Arian controversy of the fourth century. A group who came to be known as Origenists, and who firmly believed in the preexistence of souls and the apokatastasis, were declared anathema in the 6th century. This condemnation is attributed to the Second Ecumenical Council of Constantinople (553), though it does not appear in the council's official documents.


title: Charles Albert Gobat

text: After the death of Élie Ducommun in 1906, Gobat took over the direction of the International Peace Bureau.


title: Port Blair

text: India census, Port Blair had a population of 100,608. Males constitute 52.92% (53,247) of the population and females 47.07% (47,361). Port Blair has an average literacy rate of 89.76%, higher than the national average that is 74.04%. In Port Blair, male literacy is 92.79%, and female literacy is 86.34%. 9.3% of the population is under the age of 6 years. The most common religion is Hinduism, followed by Christianity and Islam. Bengali is the most spoken language of the city, followed by Hindi and Tamil.


title: Glenn Seaborg

text: Seaborg was the principal or co-discoverer of ten elements: plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium and element 106, which was named seaborgium in his honor while he was still living. He also developed more than 100 atomic isotopes. Early in his career, Seaborg was a pioneer in nuclear medicine and developed many isotopes of elements that helped to diagnose and treat diseases. For example, he studied iodine-131, which is used in the treatment of thyroid disease. He developed the actinide concept which placed the actinide series beneath the lanthanide series on the periodic table. Seaborg also proposed the placement of super-heavy elements in the transactinide and superactinide series.


title: Charles Albert Gobat

text: Gobat died on March 16, 1914 in Bern, Switzerland from unknown causes, aged 70. He died while attending a meeting of the peace conference at Bern. He stood as if to speak but collapsed, dying about an hour later.


title: Sumatran rhinoceros

text: The Sumatran Rhinoceros ("Dicerorhinus sumatrensis") is a member of the family Rhinocerotidae and one of five extant rhinoceroses. It is the smallest rhinoceros, standing about 120–145 centimetres (3.9–4.8 ft) high at the shoulder, with a body length of 250 centimetres (98 in) and weight of 500–800 kilograms (1100–1760 lb).


title: Polygonaceae

text: Polygonaceae is a family of flowering plants are herbs, shrubs, or rarely trees comprising about 30 genera and 1,000 species. The leaves are simple, alternate or rarely opposite, and usually stipulate. Some well known members include buckwheat ("Fagopyrum"), sorrel ("Rumex"), rhubarb ("Rheum"), and knotweed ("Polygonum").


title: Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor

text: Rudolf II (July 18, 1552 - January 20, 1612) was King of Hungary (as Rudolf, 1572-1608), King of Bohemia (as Rudolf II, 1575-1608/1611), Archduke of Austria (as Rudolf V, 1576-1608), and Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf II, 1576-1612). He was a member of the Habsburg family.


title: Deportivo de La Coruña

text: Deportivo La Coruña is a football club which plays in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. Their current manager is Gaizka Garitano. Their current chairman is Tino Fernandez.


title: Ghaziabad

text: Ghaziabad is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is a part of the National Capital Region (NCR) and lies on the border of India's capital city New Delhi. According to the 2011 census, the city had 1,636,068 people living in it making it the 21st most populous city in India. Ghaziabad is a planned and industrial city. Ghaziabad was ranked as the second fastest growing city in the world by a City Mayors Foundation survey.


title: Pindar

text: Pindar (; , ; ; c. 518 – 438 BC) was an ancient Greek poet of Thebes. He was born in Boeotia, around 518 BC. He died in Argos, at age 80 in 438 BC. He is known for his odes in praise of athletes and their accomplishments but he wrote poems in many other forms as well.


title: Panjshir Province

text: Panjshir (, meaning "Five Lions", also spelled as Panjsher) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. Panjshir province is known for not being taken by the Soviets during their occupation in the 1980s. There has not been as much violence here as the rest of the country.


title: Anna Magnani

text: Anna Magnani (March 7, 1908 – September 26, 1973) was an Italian stage and movie actress. She received an Academy Award for the Best Actress for her role as a Sicilian widow in the movie "The Rose Tattoo". She played an outcast in the 1948 movie "The Miracle". She played Maddalena in the 1953 movie "The Golden Coach".


title: Basque Wikipedia

text: The Basque Wikipedia (Euskarazko Wikipedia or "Euskal Wikipedia" in Basque) is the Basque-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started in December 2001.


title: Alassane Ouattara

text: Alassane Ouattara (born 1 January 1942) is an Ivoirian politician. He became President of Côte d'Ivoire in 2011. He is an economist, Ouattara worked for the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He was the Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from November 1990 to December 1993.


title: Rubicon

text: The Rubicon is a river that flows into the Adriatic Sea south of Ravenna, Italy. In the time of Julius Caesar, a river with this name was the border between the Roman province Gallia Cisalpina, and Italy, which was not a province at the time. The exact river Caesar referred to is unknown; the river that is known as "Rubicone" today was selected and named by Benito Mussolini.


title: Klaus von Klitzing

text: Klaus von Klitzing (, born 28 June 1943) is a German physicist. He is known for his discovery of the integer quantum Hall effect. He was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics.


title: Sumatran rhinoceros

text: The Sumatran rhinoceros is a small, hairy rhinoceros which survives in limited numbers in pockets of Indonesian and Malaysian rain forests. Only three institutions showcase Sumatran rhinos, the Cincinnati Zoo, the Los Angeles Zoo, and the Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary in Borneo.


title: Carlos Fuentes

text: Carlos Fuentes (11 November 1928 – 15 May 2012) was a Mexican novelist, essayist, screenwriter, and diplomat.


title: Neubrandenburg

text: Neubrandenburg ( or shortened: "Bramborg") ("New Brandenburg", ) is a city in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It is in the southeastern part of the state, at the shore of a lake called the "Tollensesee".


title: Germaine Greer

text: Germaine Greer (born 29 January 1939) is an Australian writer, journalist and scholar of English literature. Many people think she is one of the most important feminists of the late 20th century. She has written books like "The Female Eunuch", "Sex and Destiny: The Politics of Human Fertility", "The Change: Women, Ageing and the Menopause" and "Shakespeare's Wife".


title: Claudia Schiffer

text: Claudia Schiffer (born 25 August 1970) is a German supermodel and actress. She was born in Rheinberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany. Schiffer is one of the world's most successful models. She has appeared on over 500 magazine covers.


title: Samuel P. Huntington

text: Samuel Phillips Huntington (April 18, 1927 – December 24, 2008) was an American political scientist, adviser and academic. He spent most of his career working at Harvard University, where he was director of Harvard's Center for International Affairs and the Albert J. Weatherhead III University Professor.


title: Lilac

text: Lilacs are plants in the genus Syringa, in the family Oleaceae. Lilacs are popular garden plants in many area. Syringas are another name for the Lilac, as well as the generic name. It is the state flower of Idaho.


title: Thomas Haden Church

text: Thomas Haden Church (born Thomas Richard McMillen; June 17, 1960) is an American actor, movie director and screenwriter. He first became known when co-starring in the 1990s sitcom "Wings". He is best known for his movie appearances including as his Academy Award-nominated role in "Sideways" (2004) and his role as the Sandman in "Spider-Man 3" (2007) and "" (2021). He also directed the independent movie "Rolling Kansas" (2003).


title: Boyko Borisov

text: Boyko Metodiev Borisov (born 13 June 1959) was the Prime minister of Bulgaria. He previously served as prime minister from 2009 to 2013. He was succeeded by Marin Raykov. Before he was prime minister, Borisov was mayor of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.


title: Mardin

text: Mardin is a city in southeastern Turkey. The city is in the Southeast Anatolia Region. In 2020, 139,254 people lived there.


title: Carlos Fuentes

text: Fuentes was born in Panama City, Panama. His father was a Mexican diplomat, and while Fuentes was growing up, the family moved to different countries in South America and then to the United States.


title: Neubrandenburg

text: Since March 2015 Silvio Witt is the mayor of Neubrandenburg. He is the succesor of Paul Krüger (CDU).


title: Germaine Greer

text: Greer was born in 1939 in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. She went to a convent school, and later went to the University of Melbourne. She got a degree in English and French language and literature. She moved to Sydney, and became a lecturer at the University of Sydney. She got a Master's degree there, and then moved to Cambridge, England. She gained a doctorate degree (PhD) at Newnham College, Cambridge.


title: Samuel P. Huntington

text: During the Presidency of Jimmy Carter, Huntington was the White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council.


title: Carlos Fuentes

text: He got a degree in law from the National Autonomous University of Mexico, but instead of being a lawyer, he chose to be a diplomat and writer. He published his first novel, called "La región más transparente" ("Where the Air Is Clear" in English) in 1958. From 1975 to 1977, Fuentes was Mexico's ambassador to France. He died in Mexico City, Mexico from a haemorrhage.


title: Germaine Greer

text: Greer's approach is different to that of some other feminists; she has defined her goal as 'women's liberation' instead of 'equality with men'. This is because she does not think women should want to be like men who also have problems in society.


title: Samuel P. Huntington

text: Huntington was best known for his 1993 theory, the "Clash of Civilizations", of a post-Cold War new world order. He argued that future wars would be fought not between countries, but between cultures. Many believed Hunting was responsible for helping to shape U.S. views on civilian-military relations, political development, and comparative government.


title: Samuel P. Huntington

text: Huntington died on December 24, 2008 in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts from congestive heart failure complicated by diabetes, aged 81.


title: Tinamou

text: A tinamou is one of an family of birds called the Tinamidae. They are the only species within the family. There are 47 species of tinamou in Central and South America. They are one of the most ancient living groups of bird, and are related to the ratites. Generally ground dwelling, they are found in a range of habitats.


title: Pan (moon)

text: Pan is a moon of Saturn. It is the closest moon to the planet, orbiting 133,600 km above Saturn's cloud tops. It was discovered in 1990 by Mark Showalter. He discovered Pan when he was analysing the photos taken by Voyager 2. It orbits inside the Encke gap which it has made Saturn's A Ring.


title: Théodore Géricault

text: Théodore Géricault (September 26, 1791 – January 26, 1824) was an important French painter, known for "The Raft of the Medusa" and other paintings. He was one of the people who started the Romantic movement.


title: Greek Wikipedia

text: The Greek Wikipedia (also Hellenic Wikipedia, Elliniki Vikipedia, ) is the fifth language of the online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It started on December 1, 2002. By 15 December 2003, it had 1,000 articles. As of October 2009, it had reached over 45,000 articles.


title: Michel Houellebecq

text: His first book was a biographical essay on the horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. Houellebecq published his first novel, "Whatever", in 1994. His next novels "Atomised", published in 1998, and "Platform" followed in 2001 were also his best known works.


title: Talca

text: Talca was founded like "Villa San Agustín de Talca" by the Spanish José Antonio Manso de Velasco on 1881.


title: Pennsylvania German language

text: Pennsylvania German ("Deitsch"; also called Pennsylvania Dutch) is a dialect of German spoken in the United States and Canada. Most speakers of Pennsylvania German are members of the Amish or Mennonite communities. About 350,000 people speak the dialect.


title: Lars Onsager

text: Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968.


title: Rochester, Minnesota

text: Rochester is a city in southeast Minnesota. It is Minnesota's third largest city, with about 115,700 people as of 2017. The Mayo Clinic is there. It was named after Rochester, New York.


title: Alfonso Cuarón

text: Alfonso Cuarón Orozco (; born 28 November 1961) is a Mexican movie director, screenwriter, producer and editor. He is best known for his movies "A Little Princess" (1995), "Y tu mamá también" (2001), "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban" (2004), "Children of Men" (2006), "Gravity" (2013), which earned him an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award and "Roma".


title: Hymn to Liberty

text: The "Hymn to Liberty" () has been the national anthem of Greece since 1865 and Cyprus since 1966. It is based on a long poem written in 1823 by Dionysios Solomos. The words were later set to music by Nicolaos Mantzaros in 1865.


title: Ratko Mladić

text: Ratko Mladić (, ; born 12 March 1942) is a Bosnian Serb convicted war criminal and colonel-general. He led the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) during the Yugoslav Wars.


title: Tinamou

text: Of Gondwanan origin, tinamous are related to the ratites. Although the fossil record in South America is poor, the known tinamiform fossil record goes back 10 million years. Together with the ratites, they make up Palaeognathae ("old jaws"), while all other living birds are members of Neognathae ("new jaws"). Unlike the other palaeognaths, tinamous do have a keeled sternum. Like the other palaeognaths, they also have a distinctive palate (thin bony plate at top of mouth).


title: Théodore Géricault

text: Born in Rouen, France, Géricault was schooled in English sporting art by Carle Vernet and in classical figure composition by Pierre-Narcisse Guérin, who saw that he had talent.


title: Pennsylvania German language

text: The ancestors of Pennsylvania German speakers mostly come from the Palatinate area in Germany. Other immigrants came from Switzerland, Swabia, Baden, and/or Alsace. These immigrants mostly settled in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. The Pennsylvania German dialect was widely spoken in Pennsylvania until the 20th century. The Amish and Mennonite communities continued to speak the dialect.


title: Lars Onsager

text: Lars Onsager was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway. His father was a lawyer. After completing secondary school in Oslo, he attended the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) in Trondheim, graduating as a chemical engineer in 1925.


title: Rochester, Minnesota

text: On August 21, 1883, a strong tornado severely damaged much of the city. Almost 40 people were killed by the tornado.


title: Alfonso Cuarón

text: Cuarón is also close friends with fellow Mexican filmmakers Guillermo del Toro and Alejandro G. Iñárritu. The group is sometimes known as "The Three Amigos of Cinema".


title: Ratko Mladić

text: In 2017, he was found guilty of committing war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for leading the Siege of Sarajevo and the Srebrenica massacre.


title: Tinamou

text: Recent phylogenetic studies place tinamids as the sister group of Australasian/Oceanian ratites. Those are the (cassowaries, emus, and kiwi). South American ratites (rheas) and African ratites (ostriches) are also related, but more distantly. Tinamous themselves are monophyletic.


title: Théodore Géricault

text: His first big work, "The Charging Chasseur", shown at the Paris Salon in 1812, showed the influence of the style of Rubens and an interest in contemporary topics.


title: Pennsylvania German language

text: Pennsylvania German grammar is simpler than Standard German. The genitive case is lost, and adjective endings are simplified.


title: Lars Onsager

text: In 1925 he discovered that the Debye-Hückel theory of electrolytic solutions was wrong. This theory explained Brownian movement of ions in solution. In 1926 he published a correction to the theory. He traveled to Zürich, where Peter Debye was teaching, and told him his theory was wrong. Debye was so impressed by Onsager's work that he asked him to become his assistant. Onsager stayed at the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) until 1928.


title: Pennsylvania German language

text: The sounds œ, ø (ö) and y (ü) in Standard German are not present in Pennsylvania German. So the word "Köpfe" (heads) becomes "Kepp" in the dialect. Also, "Kühe" (cows) becomes "Kieh".


title: Lars Onsager

text: In 1928 Onsager went to the United States to teach at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. He was a genius in developing theories, he was not a very good chemistry teacher, and he was dismissed after one semester.


title: Lars Onsager

text: His next job was teaching statistical mechanics at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. Again he was found to be no good at teaching. He did make significant contributions to statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. The only student who could really understand his lectures on electrolyte systems was Raymond Fuoss. Fuoss eventually joined him at Yale University.


title: Lars Onsager

text: In 1933, during the Great Depression Brown's decided they could not afford to employ someone who could not teach and he was dismissed. .


title: Lars Onsager

text: His research at Brown was on the effects on diffusion of temperature gradients. He came up with a set of equations  in 1929 now called Onsager reciprocal relations. The importance of these equations in statistical mechanics was not realized for many years. However by 1968 they were considered important for Onsager to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In 1933, after leaving Browns, Onsager traveled to Austria to visit electrochemist Hans Falkenhagen. He met Falkenhagen's sister-in-law, Margrethe Arledter. They were married on September 7, 1933, and had three sons and a daughter.


title: Lars Onsager

text: His next job was at Yale University, where he remained for most of the rest of his life, retiring in 1972. At Yale, it was discovered that he had never received a Ph.D. The Norwegian Institute of Technology found that his his work in reciprocal relations was too incomplete to qualify as a doctoral dissertation. Yale said they would accept one of his published papers instead, but Onsager insisted on doing a new research project. His dissertation, called "Solutions of the Mathieu equation of period 4 pi and certain related functions", was too hard for the chemistry and physics faculty to understand. It was only after the mathematics department said they would give him the doctorate instead, that he was granted a Ph.D. in chemistry in 1935. He was appointed assistant professor in 1934, and associate professor in 1940. At Yale he produced brilliant theoretical research, but could not teach or explain ideas to students. He was also unable to direct the research of graduate students, except for the occasional outstanding one.


title: Lars Onsager

text: During the late 1930s, Onsager researched the dipole theory of dielectrics. He again improved on earlier work by Peter Debye. However, when he gave his paper to a journal that Debye edited in 1936, it was rejected. Debye would not accept Onsager's ideas until after World War II. During the 1940s, Onsager studied the statistical-mechanical theory of phase transitions in solids. He came up with a mathematical theory which was enthusiastically received. In a tour de force of mathematical physics, he obtained the exact solution for the two dimensional Ising model in zero field in 1944.


title: Lars Onsager

text: In 1935 he was awarded an honorary degree from the Norwegian Institute of Technology, later part of Norwegian University of Science and Technology.


title: Lars Onsager

text: In 1945, Onsager was naturalized as an American citizen. He  was awarded the title of "J. Willard Gibbs Professor of Theoretical Chemistry". Willard Gibbs worked on using mathematics to solve problems in physics and chemistry. Onsager continuing in the same areas Gibbs had pioneered.


title: Lars Onsager

text: In 1947, Onsager was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, and in 1950 he joined the ranks of Alpha Chi Sigma.


title: Lars Onsager

text: After World War II, Onsager researched new topics of interest. He came up with a theoretical explanation of the superfluid properties of liquid helium in 1949. Two years later the physicist Richard Feynman independently proposed the same theory. He also worked on the theories of liquid crystals and the electrical properties of ice. While on a Fulbright scholarship to the University of Cambridge, he worked on the magnetic properties of metals. He developed important ideas on the quantization of magnetic flux in metals. He was awarded the Lorentz Medal in 1958, Willard Gibbs Award in 1962, and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. He was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1975.


title: Lars Onsager

text: In 1972 Onsager retired from Yale. He became a member of the Center for Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, and was appointed Distinguished University Professor of Physics. At the University of Miami he guided and inspired postdoctoral students as his teaching skills had improved. He developed interests in semiconductor physics, biophysics and radiation chemistry. However, his death came before he could produce any breakthroughs comparable to those of his earlier years.


title: Lars Onsager

text: He died from an aneurysm while living in Coral Gables, Florida in 1976. Onsager was buried next to John Gamble Kirkwood at New Haven's Grove Street Cemetery. Onsager's tombstone simply said "Nobel Laureate". When Onsager's wife Gretel died in 1991 and was buried there, his children added an asterisk after "Nobel Laureate," and "*etc." in the lower right corner of the stone.


title: Lars Onsager

text: The Norwegian Institute of Technology established the Lars Onsager Lecture and The Lars Onsager Professorship in 1993 to award outstanding scientists in the scientific fields of  Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics. In 1997 his sons and daughter donated his scientific works and professional belongings to NTNU (before 1996 NTH) in Trondheim, Norway as his Alma Mater. These are now organized as "The Lars Onsager Archive" at the Gunnerus Library in Trondheim.


title: Lars Onsager

text: The Lars Onsager Prize is a prize in theoretical statistical physics. It is awarded annually by the American Physical Society. It was established in 1993 by Drs. Russell and Marian Donnelly.


title: Polar circle

text: A polar circle is either the Arctic Circle or the Antarctic Circle. On Earth, the Arctic Circle is at a latitude of 66˚ 33' 38" N, and the Antarctic Circle is at a latitude of 66˚ 33' 38" S. Areas between each polar circle and its pole (North Pole, or South Pole) will each year have at least one 24 hour period when the sun is continuously above the horizon and at least one 24 hour period when the sun is continuously below the horizon.


title: Suceava County

text: Suceava () is a county (judeţ) of Romania in the historical regions Moldavia and Bukovina. The capital of Suceava County is Suceava.


title: Giessen

text: The German word "Giessen" means "to pour" in English, as "to pour a glass of water." The city is on the banks of the Lahn River, and it is surrounded by many lakes and streams.


title: Diglossia

text: Diglossia is when a group of people have two languages or dialects that they use. One is the common language they use every day, and the other is either a much older version from centuries before (for example, Arabic or Chinese) or a similar but clearly different modern-day version (for example, Norwegian with Bokmål and Nynorsk).


title: Płock

text: Płock is a city in Eastern Poland in the Masovia Voivodship. About 128,000 people live there and it is 88 km² big.


title: 1. FC Köln

text: 1. FC Köln is a football club that is from Cologne, Germany. The 1. FC KOLN was created in 1948. It was a connection of two football clubs in Cologne (Kölner BC 01 und SpVgg Sülz 07).


title: Vatican Library

text: The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See. Its official name is Vatican Apostolic Library ("Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana"). It was formally established in 1475. Its collections are very significant, it contains over 75,000 codices. There are over 150,000 manuscripts, and over 8,300 innucables. In total, there are over 2 million books and manuscripts. There is also a school for librarians, and a workshop to restore ancient tets and to create facsimile copies.


title: Johor Bahru

text: Johor Bahru (also spelled Johor Baharu, Johor Baru, or Johore Bahru; shortly as JB) is the capital city of Johor, Malaysia. Pasir Pelangi, the royal village, is located in Johor Bahru.


title: Eurovision Song Contest 2014

text: The 59 Eurovision Song Contest was held in Copenhagen, Denmark. The competition went to Denmark, after Emmelie de Forest won the Eurovision Song Contest 2013. The first semifinal took place on 6 May 2014, the second semifinal on 8 May 2014 and, the Grand final was held on 10 May 2014.


title: Takeshi Kitano

text: Takeshi Kitano ("北野 武 Kitano Takeshi"; born 18 January 1947), also known as Beat Takeshi, is a Japanese comedian, television personality, director, actor, author, and screenwriter. He was born in Tokyo, Japan.


title: Montbéliard

text: Montbéliard is a French commune. It is in the north of the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France, about from the border with Switzerland and is a subprefecture in the department. It is also the capital of the "arrrondissement" of Montbéliard.


The Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Portuguese: Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa; abbreviated as the CPLP), also known as the Lusophone Commonwealth ("Comunidade Lusófona"), is an international organization and political association of Portuguese-speaking nations across four continents.


title: Bormio

text: Bormio (, , ) is a town and "comune" with a population of about 4,100. It is located in the Province of Sondrio, Lombardy region of the Alps in Italy.


title: Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine

text: Clichy is a commune that is found in the Hauts-de-Seine department in France. In 2017, 61,070 people lived there.


title: Suceava County

text: The west side of the county has many mountains from the Eastern Carpathians group. These are the "Rodna Mountains", the "Rarău Mountains", the "Giumalău Mountains" and the three "Obcine". The county is lower in the east, with the lowest point in the Siret River valley.


title: Giessen

text: Universities in Gießen are the "University of Gießen" and the "University of Applied Sciences Gießen-Friedberg"


title: 1. FC Köln

text: In the present day, 1.FC Köln plays in the Bundesliga, the first teir of German football. The club's main rival is Borussia Mönchengladbach, though their Ultrá group WH96 does have friendly connections to The Unity of Borussia Dortmund.


title: Johor Bahru

text: The city in itself has a population of 1,334,188 as of 2010. The metropolitan area of Johor Bahru, also known as Iskandar Malaysia, has a population of 1,730,000.


title: Eurovision Song Contest 2014

text: Spain, France, and Denmark will vote in this semi-final. The top 10 countries will qualify to the final.


title: Takeshi Kitano

text: Kitano is known for his roles as "Outrage" (2010) as Otomo and as Chief Daisuke Aramaki "Ghost in the Shell" (2017). He directed "Violent Cop" (1989) and "Sonatine" (1993). He won a Golden Lion in 1998.


title: Montbéliard

text: Montbéliard is the second "commune" of the department by its population, after Besançon, prefecture of the department.


title: Suceava County

text: The county contains the Siret River and some of its tributaries. This means that they run into the Siret River. These tributaries are the Moldova River, the Suceava River and the Bistriţa River.


title: Eurovision Song Contest 2014

text: Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom will vote in this semi-final. The top 10 countries will qualify to the final.


title: Montbéliard

text: The city of Montbéliard is in the northeast of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, in the northern part of the Doubs department.


title: Montbéliard

text: The "commune" of Montbéliard has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .


title: Montbéliard

text: The Köppen climate classification type for Montbéliard is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype Cfb.


title: Montbéliard

text: The inhabitants of Montbéliard are known, in French, as "Montbéliardais" (women: "Montbéliardaises").


title: Montbéliard

text: Montbéliard is a subprefecture of the Doubs department, the capital of the "arrondissement" of Montbéliard and the administrative centre () of the canton Montbéliard formed by 4 "communes", including Montbéliard, with 30,173 inhabitants .


title: Ricardo Quaresma

text: Ricardo Quaresma (born 26 September 1983) is a Portuguese football player. He plays for Beşiktaş and the Portugal national team. He was born in Lisbon, the capital city of Portugal.


title: Greater Caucasus

text: Greater Caucasus (; ; , sometimes translated as "Caucasus Major", "Big Caucasus" or "Large Caucasus") is the major mountain range of the Caucasus Mountains.


title: Bench

text: A bench is a kind of chair, a place where people can sit. Benches are long and often found outside, and more than one person can sit on them. Benches are usually made of wood, metal, stone, and other synthetic things. Many benches have no back.


title: Jan Peter Balkenende

text: Jan Peter Balkenende (born 7 May 1956) is a Dutch politician. He was the Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 2002 until 2010. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal party.


title: Jean Marais

text: Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais (11 December 1913 – 8 November 1998), known as Jean Marais (), was a French actor and director. Marais had over 100 roles in film and on television. He was also known for writing, painting and sculpture.


title: Mantes-la-Jolie

text: Mantes-la-Jolie is a French commune. It is in the western suburbs of Paris 48.4 km (30.1 mi) from the center. About 42,365 people lived here in 2006.


title: Riau Islands

text: The Riau Islands is a province in Indonesia. Tanjung Pinang is its capital city. Its official language is Riau. In 2007, the population was around 1,392,900.


title: Havel

text: The Havel is a river in Germany. It flows through Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt.


title: Paavo Nurmi

text: Paavo Johannes Nurmi (13 June 1897 – 2 October 1973) was a Finnish middle- and long-distance runner. He was born in Turku. Nurmi set 22 official world records at distances between 1500 metres and 20 kilometres. He participated in the Olympic Games twelve times where he won nine gold and three silver medals.


title: TotalEnergies

text: In December 2022, the NGOs Friends of the Earth, Survie and four Ugandan NGOs sent the oil group Total to court and accused it of violating the law on the duty of vigilance of large French companies in terms of human rights and environment..


title: Mytishchi

text: Mytishchi () is a city in Moscow Oblast in Russia. It is the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District in Moscow Oblast.


title: Greater Caucasus

text: The range stretches for about from west-northwest to east-southeast, between the Taman Peninsula of the Black Sea to the Absheron Peninsula of the Caspian Sea: from the Western Caucasus near Sochi on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea and reaching nearly to Baku on the Caspian.


title: Jan Peter Balkenende

text: In other countries, he is perhaps most famous because he looks like Harry Potter. This makes him popular with young children, but many Dutch make jokes about it and call him "Jan Potter Balkenende" and other names like that.


title: Jean Marais

text: In the 1950s, Marais became a star of swashbuckling films. He performed his own stunts. After 1970 he mostly worked in plays.


title: Greater Caucasus

text: In the wetter Western Caucasus, the mountains are heavily forested (deciduous forest up to , coniferous forest up to and alpine meadows above the tree line). In the drier Eastern Caucasus, the mountains are mostly treeless.


title: Origanum

text: Origanum is a genus of herbs. They are native to the Mediterranean and Asia. well-known members include Oregano and Marjoram. Some of the species are used by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species.


title: Vincent Kompany

text: Vincent Kompany (born 10 April 1986) is a Belgian former football player and football manager of Championship club Burnley.


title: Yalova

text: Yalova is a Turkish city in the northwest, which was affected in the earthquake of 17 August 1999. The city is along the coast of the Marmara Sea. Yalova has a better quality of life from other Turkish cities. It has a population of 77,000.


title: Luise Rainer

text: Luise Rainer (January 12, 1910 – December 30, 2014) was a two-time Academy Award-winning German-born Austrian-American movie actress. She was the first person to win two Academy Awards in a row. The first was for her role as Anna Held in "The Great Ziegfeld", and the second was for her role as a Chinese farmer in "The Good Earth".


title: Sika deer

text: The sika deer ("Cervus nippon") is a member of the deer family Cervidae. It lives in East Asia. It is found in mixed deciduous forests to the north, and mixed subtropical deciduous and evergreen forests to the south.


title: Khalid of Saudi Arabia

text: Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ( ""; 13 February 1913 – 13 June 1982) was the King of Saudi Arabia from 1975 to 1982. He was the fourth ruler of the country.


title: The Mask

text: The Mask is a 1994 American fantasy comedy movie. In this movie, Jim Carrey plays Stanley. Cameron Diaz plays Tina.


title: Culiacán

text: Culiacán () is the capital of Sinaloa. With 675,773 people, it is the largest city in the state of Sinaloa. The municipality has a total area of .


title: Laura Chinchilla

text: Laura Chinchilla Miranda (born 28 March 1959) served as the President of Costa Rica from 2010 to 2014. She is Costa Rica's first female president. She is the sixth woman to be elected president of a Latin American country. She was one of Óscar Arias Sánchez's two vice presidents. She was his administration's Minister of Justice. She was the governing PLN candidate for President in the 2010 general election. She won with 46.76% of the vote.


title: Abolhassan Banisadr

text: Seyyad Abolhassan Banisadr ( ; ; 22 March 1933 – 9 October 2021) was an Iranian politician, economist and human rights activist. He was the first President of Iran from 4 February 1980 after the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the abolition of the monarchy until his impeachment on 21 June 1981.


title: Gérard Philipe

text: Gérard Philipe (4 December 1922 – 25 November 1959) was a French actor who appeared in 34 movies between 1944 and 1959.


title: Hypoxia (medical)

text: Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a part of the body is lacking oxygen supply at the tissue level.


title: Castres, Tarn

text: Castres () is a commune in the region of Midi-Pyrénées, in southwestern France. It is the "sous-prefecture" (capital) of the "arrondissement" of the same name in the Tarn department.


title: Janet Gaynor

text: Janet Gaynor (born Laura Augusta Gainor; October 6, 1906 – September 14, 1984) was an American actress and painter. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1929, she was the first winner of the Academy Award for Best Actress for her roles in the movies "7th Heaven" (1927), "" (1927), and "Street Angel" (1928).


title: Anna Paquin

text: Anna Helene Paquin (born 24 July 1982) is a Canadian-New Zealand movie actress. She was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba to a French Canadian father and New Zealand mother. She won Academy Awards for "The Piano" at age 11 in 1994. She also performed in movies related to the "X-Men" franchise.


title: Oscar I of Sweden

text: Oscar I (born Joseph François Oscar Bernadotte 4 July 1799, dead 8 July 1859, was a Swedish monarch. He was the King of Sweden and Norway from 1844 until his death in 1859.


title: Stieg Larsson

text: Karl Stig-Erland "Stieg" Larsson (15 August 1954 – 9 November 2004) was a Swedish journalist and writer. He became best known after his death for his "Millennium" trilogy of crime novels. His books were published from 2005 to 2007. The series was made into three movies in Sweden and one in the United States. After his death in 2004, David Lagercrantz continued the series. As a journalist, Larsson's work covered socialist politics. He was an independent researcher of right-wing extremism.


title: Santi Carzola

text: Santiago Cazorla González (born 13 December 1984) is a Spanish professional footballer. He plays as a midfielder for Qatar Stars League club Al Sadd and the Spain national team.


title: Nevill Francis Mott

text: Sir Nevill Francis Mott (30 September 1905 – 8 August 1996) was a British physicist. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977 for his work on the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems. He shared it with Philip W. Anderson and J. H. Van Vleck.


title: Sika deer

text: Sika deer are native to Taiwan to Japan, but they have been introduced to many parks in Europe. In the UK, there are large populations in Ireland and Scotland and there are patchy populations scattered across England.


title: The Mask

text: This movie got positive reviews from the critics. It made over $351 million worldwide. It was released on July 29, 1994.


title: Laura Chinchilla

text: Chinchilla was born in Carmen Central, San José in 1959. Her father was Rafael Ángel Chinchilla Fallas. He was a former comptroller of Costa Rica. Her mother was Emilce Miranda Castillo. She married Mario Alberto Madrigal Díaz on 23 January 1982 and divorced on 22 May 1985. She had a son in 1996 with José María Rico Cueto, a Spanish lawyer who has a Canadian citizenship; Chinchilla married him on 26 March 2000. He died in April 2019, aged 84.


title: Gérard Philipe

text: Gérard Philipe was born in Cannes, France. He had Czech ancestry from his maternal grandmother. When Philipe was a teenager, he took acting lessons. He done this before going to Paris to study at the Conservatoire of Dramatic Art. When Philipe was 19, he made his stage debut at a theater in Nice. The following year, he performed in the Albert Camus play, "Caligula".


title: Hypoxia (medical)

text: Hypoxia may be classified as either "generalized", affecting the whole body, or "local", affecting a region of the body.


title: Castres, Tarn

text: Castres is (after Toulouse, Tarbes and Albi) the fourth largest industrial centre of the mainly rural Midi-Pyrénées "région" and the largest in that part of Languedoc between Toulouse and Montpellier.


title: Janet Gaynor

text: By 1927, Gaynor was one of Hollywood's leading ladies. Janet Gaynor has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6284 Hollywood Blvd.


title: Stieg Larsson

text: Larsson was born in Skelleftehamn. In the 1970s, he changed the spelling of his first name to "Stieg" as his friend, Stig Larsson, was already a well-known writer. His partner of thirty years was Eva Gabrielsson.


title: The Mask

text: In the film Tian Carlyle meets Stanley Ipkiss and falls in love but Tina has some one else. Stanley is furious with her but turns into somebody different. Tian tries to break up but there's no hope. Dorian Tyrell loves her so much he kisses her but Stanley doesn't give up he punches Dorian he kicks him. It terns out that Tian is loving a bad guy.Tian ends up with Stanley Ipkiss .


title: Laura Chinchilla

text: Chinchilla graduated from the University of Costa Rica. She received her master's degree in public policy from Georgetown University.


title: Gérard Philipe

text: Philipe made his movie debut in "Les Petites du Quai aux Fleurs" (1943). After a few other minor roles, he became famous in his performance in Claude Autant-Lara's "Devil in the Flesh" (1947). Philipe was popular among women because of his looks. He was also liked by his friends.


title: Castres, Tarn

text: Castres grew up round the Benedictine abbey of Saint Benoît. Castres became an important stop on the international pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela in Spain because its abbey-church, built in the 9th century, was keeping the relics of Saint Vincent, the renowned martyr of Spain. It was a place of some importance as early as the 12th century, and ranked as the second town of the Albigeois behind Albi.


title: Janet Gaynor

text: In September 1982, Gaynor and her husband were seriously injured in a car crash after a drunk driver crashed their car. She died two years after the crash on September 14, 1984 in Palm Springs, California from problems caused by her injuries at the age of 77. Gaynor is buried at Hollywood Forever Cemetery next to her second husband, Adrian.


title: Laura Chinchilla

text: Before politics, Chinchilla worked as a NGO consultant in Latin America and Africa. She specialized in judicial reform and public security. She served in the José María Figueres Olsen administration as vice-minister for public security (1994–1996) and minister of public security (1996–1998).


title: Gérard Philipe

text: In 1951, Philipe married Nicole Fourcade (1917-1990). She was an actress and writer. They had two children. Fourcade was given the name Anne Philipe. She had also wrote about Philipe in two books. The first called "Souvenirs" (1960) and a second biography titled "Le Temps d'un soupir" ("No Longer Than a Sign", 1963).


title: Castres, Tarn

text: Castres is in southern France, in the southwestern part of the Tarn department, to the north of the Montagne Noire, a mountain range in central southern France. Castres is crossed from north to south by the Agout river, a tributary of the Tarn.


title: Laura Chinchilla

text: Chinchilla was one of two vice-presidents elected under the second Arias administration (2006–2010). She resigned the vice-presidency in 2008 in order to prepare her run for the presidency in 2010. On 7 June 2009 she won the Partido Liberación Nacional (PLN) primary with a 15% margin over her nearest rival, and was thus endorsed as the party's presidential candidate.


title: Gérard Philipe

text: Philipe was recognized worldwide for his talent. At the time of his death, he was at his peak in his career. Philipe died of liver cancer while working on a movie project in Paris. It was several days before his 37th birthday. He was buried in the village cemetery in Ramatuelle, Var near the Mediterranean Sea.


title: Castres, Tarn

text: The climate of Castres, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.


title: Gérard Philipe

text: In 1995, the celebrate 100 years of the cinema, the French government issued a series of limited edition coins. One of which included a 100 franc coin with Philipe's picture. In France, Philipe is known as an important person in that country. In 1986, he was given a postage stamp with his picture on it. There is also a movie festival named after him. There are also a number of school's in France that were named after Philipe. In Germany, he is less respected as an actor. However, a cultural center is named after him in Berlin.


title: Castres, Tarn

text: The city of Castres has a population, in 2014, of 41,382; its population density is of inhabitants/km.


title: Castres, Tarn

text: Castres is a subprefecture of the Tarn department and the capital of the arrondissement of Castres in the same department. It is also the capital of three "Cantons":


title: Stans

text: Stans is the capital city of the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland. It has a population of 7,300 people. The area of Stans is 11 km².


title: Sieve of Eratosthenes

text: When the algorithm is finished all the numbers that are left not crossed out are all the prime numbers from 2 up to "n".


title: Trifolium pratense

text: Red Clover ("Trifolium pratense") is a species of plant. It is native to Europe, Africa, and Asia. It has been introduced to North America, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. It blooms from spring to early fall. It is found in fields, pastures, and near roadsides. Red Clover likes to grow in thick, dry soil.


title: Joe Hart

text: Charles Joseph "Joe" Hart (born 19 April 1987) is an English footballer. He was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England.<br>


title: Wolfgang Paul

text: Wolfgang Paul (; 10 August 1913 – 7 December 1993) was a German professor awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989.


title: Per mille

text: A per mille is a sign which means parts per thousand. Per mil should not be confused with parts per million (ppm).


title: Mengistu Haile Mariam

text: Mengistu Haile Mariam (born 21 May 1937) is an Ethiopian politician. He was an important officer in the Communist military junta that governed Ethiopia from 1974 to 1987. He was President of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1991.


title: Portofino

text: Portofino () is an Italian fishing village and holiday resort famous for its harbor. It is a popular place for pictures. Many celebrities go here. It is a "comune" in the Metropolitan City of Genoa on the Italian Riviera. The town is also known for its colorfully painted buildings that line the shore.


title: Kyriakos Mitsotakis

text: Kyriakos Mitsotakis (; born 4 March 1968) is a Greek politician. He became Prime Minister of Greece on 8 July 2019. Mitsotakis is the President of the New Democracy party.


title: Smolensk air disaster

text: The 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash occurred on 10 April 2010 when a Tupolev Tu-154M aircraft of the Polish Air Force crashed in the city of Smolensk, Russia, killing all 96 people on board. These included the President of Poland Lech Kaczyński and his wife Maria; the former President of Poland in exile Ryszard Kaczorowski, 18 members of the Polish parliament, and relatives of victims of the Katyn massacre.


title: Physalis

text: The Physalis is a genus of plants that is part of the nightshade family. There are between 75 and 90 species. All except one are native to the Americas.


title: Ústí nad Labem Region

text: Ústí nad Labem Region or Ústecký Region is an administrative unit ("kraj") of the Czech Republic. The capital city is Ústí nad Labem.


title: Stans

text: Stans was first noted in 1172. In 1798, it was attacked by French troops, followed the decision of Nidwalden not to adapt a new constitution. Children whose parents were killed by this event were gathered by the teacher Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi for his first school. The open-air assembly ("Landsgemeinde") was held in Stans each year until 1997.


title: Sieve of Eratosthenes

text: As an optimization we can start the counting in step 3 from "p", and stop in step 2 when "p" is greater than "n".


title: Wolfgang Paul

text: Paul was born on August 10 of 1913 in the German city of Lorenzkirch, Saxony. When he was young, his family moved to Munich, where his father taught pharmaceutical chemistry at the University of Munich. In 1932, he began his studies of physics at the Superior School in Munich, and soon moved to the 1934 at the headquarters of Berlin, getting his doctorate in 1939.


title: Mengistu Haile Mariam

text: Mariam was a dictator. It is estimated that he was responsible for 500,000 to over 2,000,000 deaths. In May 1991 Mariam left the country for Zimbabwe. The Ethiopian Civil War ended when he left.


title: Kyriakos Mitsotakis

text: He is the son of former Prime Minister Konstantinos Mitsotakis. Mitsotakis has been a member of the Hellenic Parliament since 2004. He served as Minister of Administrative Reform from 2013 to 2015.


title: Smolensk air disaster

text: They were "en route" from Warsaw to attend an event marking the 70th anniversary of the massacre. The site is about west of Smolensk. The pilots attempted to land at Smolensk North Airport, a former military airbase, in thick fog that reduced visibility to about . The aircraft was too low as it approached the runway as a result of confusing instructions from the traffic controler. Striking trees in the fog, it rolled upside down, struck the ground, broke apart, and eventually came to rest short of the runway in a wooded area.


title: Physalis

text: The plants grow small orange fruit encased in a lantern-like husk that comes from the calyx. They are similar to the tomato. Since it has a mild, refreshing acidity similar to the tomato, it can be used in many of the same ways. Many "Physalis" species are called groundcherries.


title: Ústí nad Labem Region

text: The area along the German border has the Ore Mountains and Lužice Mountains. The Elbe River is the largest watercourse in the region. Other main rivers in the region include Ohře, Bílina, Ploučnice and Kamenice.


title: Sieve of Eratosthenes

text: This is allowed because for each number "k" that is smaller than "p", the number "kp" in step 3 will be already crossed out as part of the algorithm working for some previous prime that is smaller than "p" – the smallest such prime which divides "k" evenly.


title: Wolfgang Paul

text: In 1944, he began his teaching at the University of Göttingen and 1952 was hired at the University of Bonn as director of its Institute of Experimental Physics, a position he kept until his death.


title: Mengistu Haile Mariam

text: In 2010, Mengistu announced the publication of its memoirs. In early 2012, a manuscript of the memoir, titled Tiglachin ("Our Struggle" in Amharic), was leaked on the Internet. A few months later, the first volume leaked was published in the United States and in 2016, the second volume followed. This time it was published in Ethiopia. Mengistu accused the ERP remains of having published the first volume to sabotage its publication.


title: Wolfgang Paul

text: During WWII he investigated the separation of isotopes, which is necessary to produce material to make nuclear fission for use in nuclear weapons.


title: Wolfgang Paul

text: For this discovery, in 1989 he was awarded half of the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Hans G. Dehmelt.


title: Sidney Sheldon

text: Sidney Sheldon (February 11, 1917 - January 30, 2007) was an American screenwriter and novelist. He wrote the screenplays for twenty-three motion pictures including "Easter Parade" and "Annie Get Your Gun". He also created four long-running television series. He is also included in the "Guinness Book of Records" as, "The Most Translated Author".


title: Goby

text: The gobies are teleost fish of the family Gobiidae. This is one of the largest families of fish, with more than 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most are relatively small, less than 10 cm (4 in) in length.


title: Goethe University Frankfurt

text: The Goethe University Frankfurt (German: "Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main") opened in 1914. With 38.000 students it belongs to the five largest universities in Germany and has the biggest library of them. The university has more than 600 teaching and researching professors; 16 faculties offer 170 courses of study.


title: Suprematism

text: Suprematism is an abstract art movement started in Russia, 1915/1916. It focussed on basic geometric forms such as the square and circle. It is an example of geometric abstraction.


title: Saqqara

text: Saqqara (), or Sakkara, is a vast ancient burial ground in Egypt, in area. It was the necropolis for the Ancient Egyptian capital, Memphis. Saqqara has numerous pyramids, including the world famous Pyramid of Djoser. This is sometimes referred to as the Step Tomb due to its rectangular base, and its 'steps' (mastabas: the Arabic word for 'bench'). It is about south of Cairo.


title: Iron Man 3

text: Iron Man 3, (stylized as IRON MAN THREE on movie) is a 2013 American superhero movie featuring the Marvel Comics character Iron Man, directed by Shane Black, produced by Kevin Feige of Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.


title: Karl Friedrich Schinkel

text: Karl Friedrich Schinkel (13 March 1781 – 9 October 1841) was a Prussian architect, city planner, and painter. He also designed furniture and stage sets. Schinkel was one of the most importat architects of Germany and designed both neoclassical and neogothic buildings.


title: Benguela

text: Benguela (São Felipe de Benguela, formerly spelled "Benguella") is a city in western Angola. It is the capital of Benguela Province. Benguela is one of Angola's largest cities.


title: Berthe Morisot

text: Berthe Marie Pauline Morisot (; January 14, 1841 – March 2, 1895) was an Impressionist painter. She was born in Bourges, France, and died in Paris.


title: Chutney

text: Chutneys are a condiment used in South Asian cuisine. They can be made as a tomato relish, a ground peanut relish, yoghurt, curd, or mint dipping sauce. They contain spice and vegetable or fruit mix.


title: Charles Laughton

text: Charles Laughton (1 July 1899 – 15 December 1962) was an Anglo-American actor, screenwriter, producer, and director. He was born in Scarborough, North Riding of Yorkshire. He is known for playing Quasimodo in "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" and Captain Bligh in "Mutiny on the Bounty". He directed "The Night of the Hunter". He won the 1933 Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for "The Private Life of Henry VIII". Laughton was bisexual. He was married to actress Elsa Lanchester from 1929 until his death. The couple became American citizens in 1950. They had no children. Laughton died of kidney cancer in Hollywood, Los Angeles.


title: Triumvirate

text: The word is often used to mention a historical event or in talks of government. The word troika is Russian for triumvirate, and the term was used in the Soviet Union after V.I. Lenin died. Joseph Stalin, Lev Kamenev, and Grigory Zinoviev teamed up to gain power of the government. In the Soviet Union, troikas were usually considered to be three main people in the government: Party leader, head of state, and head of government.


title: David Alaba

text: David Olatukunbo Alaba (born 24 June 1992) is an Austrian defender who plays currently for Real Madrid and the Austria national football team.


title: Carl Wieman

text: In 1995, while at the University of Colorado Boulder, he and Eric Allin Cornell created the first true Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC). In 2001, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.


title: FIFA 100

text: The FIFA 100 is a list of 125 footballers chosen by Brazilian football legend Pelé. He made his choices based on who he thought were the best living footballers in the world. It was presented on 4 March 2004 at a ceremony in London.


title: Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

text: Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (; 24 October 1932 – 18 May 2007) was a French physicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1991.


title: Goby

text: Although few are important as food for humans, they are of great significance as prey species for commercially important fish like cod, haddock, sea bass, and flatfish.


title: Suprematism

text: Suprematism was founded by Kazimir Malevich. In his book "The Non-Objective World", published abroad as a Bauhaus Book in 1927, Malevich described the inspiration which brought about the powerful image of the black square on a white ground:


title: Saqqara

text: Djoser's pyramid is the oldest complete stone building complex known. It was built in the Third Dynasty. Another 16 Egyptian kings built pyramids at Saqqara: these pyramids are now in various states of preservation. High officials added private funeral monuments to this necropolis during the whole pharaonic period. It was an important complex for non-royal burials and cult ceremonies for more than 3,000 years, well into Ptolemaic and Roman times.


title: Iron Man 3

text: After the events of "The Avengers", Tony suffers from post traumatic stress disorder after the Battle of New York as he realized that there are bigger threats out there and he must protect Pepper, people and everyone he loves from being killed. However, he resists the trauma when the leader of the Ten Rings, the Mandarin, tries to kill him. Now stranded without any of his technology Stark must find a way to come back home and stop the Mandarin from destroying America.


title: Karl Friedrich Schinkel

text: Schinkel was born in Neuruppin, Brandenburg. When he was six, his father died in Neuruppin's disastrous fire. He became a student of architect Friedrich Gilly (1772–1800) (the two became close friends) and his father, David Gilly, in Berlin. He made a trip to Italy in 1805. Then he started to earn his living as a painter.He worked for the stage and created in 1816 a star-spangled backdrop for the appearance of the "Königin der Nacht" in Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera "The Magic Flute". When he saw Caspar David Friedrich's painting "Wanderer above the Sea of Fog" at the 1810 Berlin art exhibition he decided that he would never reach such mastery of painting and turned to architecture. After Napoleon's defeat, Schinkel worked at the Prussian Building Commission. In this position, he was not only responsible for reshaping the city of Berlin into a representative capital for Prussia, but also had to work projects in the expanded Prussian territories from the Rhineland in the west to Königsberg in the east.


title: Berthe Morisot

text: In the 1860s, she studied with Camille Corot. She exhibited at the 1865 Salon. Morisot met artist Édouard Manet in 1868. Manet painted her portrait several times. The two had great influence on one another's work. In 1874, she married his brother, Eugène.


title: Triumvirate

text: In Ancient Rome, Julius Caesar was a member of the first triumvirate with Pompey and Crassus. In 43 B.C.E. after he was dead, Marc Antony, Marcus Lepidus, and Octavian formed a second triumvirate to rule the Roman Empire.


title: FIFA 100

text: The number 100 represents the 100th anniversary of FIFA and not the number of players selected. The list has 123 male players and 2 female players. At the time the list was selected, 50 players were active and 75 were retired.


title: Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

text: In 1971, he became professor at the Collège de France, and participated in STRASACOL (a joint action of Strasbourg, Saclay and "Collège de France") on polymer physics.


title: Suprematism

text: He created a suprematist 'grammar' based on fundamental geometric forms; in particular, the square and the circle. In 1915, Malevich exhibited his early experiments in suprematist painting. The centerpiece of his show was the "Black Square", placed in what is called the "red/beautiful corner" in Russian Orthodox tradition, the place of the main icon in a house. "Black Square" was painted in 1915 and was a breakthrough in his career and in art in general. Malevich also painted "White on White" which marked a breakthrough from polychrome to monochrome suprematism.