Researchers develop edible 'peels' for variety of liquid, semi-solid foods
Imagine getting your yogurt from a little ball with an edible skin. Or your ice cream. How about your soda coming from a vending machine not in a recyclable can, but rather with a peel you can bite right into. It's closer to reality than you might think.
Editor's Note: This report is part of a collaboration between PRI's The World and NOVA.
A team of chefs, chemists and designers has come up with a way for you to eat a cocktail, to hold a mouthful of juice in your hands.
They’ve created a biodegradable shell that can enclose ice cream, mousses, cheeses and liquids. Take an orange, for example.
David Edwards, an inventor and engineer at Harvard University, slices one open.
“Now look at that,” he said, pointing to the pulp. “Obviously the orange is full of water and moisture. And then you’ve got the orange peel.”
The peel is a kind of durable, biodegradable packaging. Few people eat an orange peel, but it is edible. And, of course, we do eat the peels of other fruits, like peaches and apples.
The fact that these fruits come in their own built-in packaging is convenient. It means they do not have to be sold in boxes or bags.
This idea is the inspiration behind a company that Edwards has founded. He wants to change the way we package and eat food.
Making His Own Peel
This is where things start to get less familiar.
Edwards fetches a plate of what look like red rubber balls. He picks one up between his thumb and forefinger.
“I’m going to bite into it just to show you what’s going on here,” he said.
Edwards bites it in two and holds up the half still in his fingers. Greek yogurt sits inside. He squeezes the yogurt out.
The innovative part is what is on the outside. It is a protective, biodegradable skin — like an orange peel. And it’s edible.
“That skin keeps moisture inside, and it keeps germs and other things outside,” Edwards said.
He won’t reveal the exact recipe, but he says in this case the raw ingredients come from raspberries and algae.
And it is not just yogurt that Edwards is wrapping in this kind of edible peel. His vision is that one day you will go to the supermarket and, instead of buying cartons of juice and cans of soup, you will fill your cart up with balls of food and drink.
“I get home, and I hand (the food) to my son, and he hands it to his friend,” Edwards said. “And then the friend says, ‘But did you wash your hands?’ At that point, I clean it as I do fruit and vegetables today. I can run water over it, and it doesn’t dissolve, actually. And it can be cleaned, and then I can eat it.”
A Curious Display of Food
It may sound like something from Star Trek, but Edwards is already trying these products out on the public. His company recently organized a tasting at its test kitchen in Paris.
Just before the event, the company’s research and development manager, Heloise Vilaseca, was eager to hear what the taste testers would say.
“Would they like it?” she wondered. “Would they understand the product? Would they want to share it with friends?”
On this day, four volunteers had arrived to try the new foods. Maëva Tordo was one of them. She works in business innovation, and her eyes were wide with anticipation.
“I’m really, really curious about it because I always dreamed about being able to eat the cap of my yogurt,” she said. “So I can’t wait.”
Before long, the group was brought into a room where the food had been laid out. White spheres of frosty ice cream and brown orbs of mousse rested in shallow bowls. Yellow and green cheese marbles huddled on little plates. The gelatinous balls of yogurt were on display, as well.
The taste testers plucked them up with their fingers and popped them into their mouths like grapes. They seemed to be loving it, though someone did mention that the ice cream could be improved by making it smaller.
Perhaps the strangest things on the table were the beverages – colorful globes of liquid. Some contained orange juice. Others held a cocktail made with blue Curaçao, wrapped in a transparent spherical skin flecked with orange rind and placed in martini glasses.
Chris Tallec, a designer, poked a straw through the skin of his turquoise cocktail and slurped the liquid inside. Then he held up the skin and ate it.
“It’s really tasty because it has the flavor of the orange,” he said.
Tallec said he enjoyed this new way of eating.
“It’s playful. Also, it’s seducing — you know, you’re curious about it," he said.
Before the tasting ended, Maëva Tordo’s curiosity got the better of her. She reached for one more ball of yogurt, but the contents had warmed up to room temperature. So when she bit it in half to admire how it was created, the yogurt squirted out and splattered her hair.
“That’s what happens when you play too much with food,” she said, laughing.
The Future of Edible Packaging
The taste testers seemed to be sold on the concept, but is the general public really ready to buy edible balls of soda or coffee at the grocery store and from vending machines? Is it realistic to think we can bundle much of our food into this kind of packaging?
Edwards thinks so.
“Interest from leading multi-national food and beverage companies has been great,” he said.
Still, there is a lot to do before he licenses this technology to major food brands. He has patent applications in the pipeline, and he has to make sure the technology can scale easily from a small test kitchen to mass production.
As Edwards continues to refine this new kind of food, he is relying on the public to tell him what works and what doesn’t. In fact, he calls his company WikiCell Designs, because, as he sees it as a collaborative effort.
The next step in that collaboration will come soon when the world’s first Wiki Bar opens, in Paris.Consumers will be able to purchase these balls of yogurt, mousse, and juice, and offer feedback. Edwards says if all goes well, he plans to roll out his products in the United States next year.
"PRI's "The World" is a one-hour, weekday radio news magazine offering a mix of news, features, interviews, and music from around the globe. "The World" is a co-production of the BBC World Service, PRI and WGBH Boston. More about The World.