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- Transitioning from malaria control to elimination: the vital role of ACTs
Trends in Parasitology, Volume 29, Issue 2, 1 February 2013, Pages 60-64
Heiner Grueninger and Kamal Hamed
AbstractArtemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have been instrumental in reducing malaria burden. Many countries report geographical areas with reduced levels of endemic disease. As the transition is made from malaria control to elimination, new ways of using existing treatments are being considered. In this opinion paper, the requirements for the continued success of ACTs, their role in this transition, and possible new ways of using these drugs in an elimination setting are discussed. ACTs have an important role to play in maintaining the current success of control programs, and may also drive these successes forward into the widespread elimination of malaria.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (569 kb)
- Combating malaria in Africa
Trends in Parasitology, Volume 18, Issue 5, 1 May 2002, Pages 224-230
Jean-François Trape, Gilles Pison, André Spiegel, Catherine Enel and Christophe Rogier
AbstractThe spread of antimalarial drug resistance has major consequences for malaria control in tropical Africa. Here, the impact of chloroquine resistance on the burden of malaria is analyzed and its implications for the Roll Back Malaria initiative are examined. Malaria mortality has increased at least twofold during the past two decades. Combination therapy should be available for home treatment of young children. The potential toxicity of most antimalarials will require special surveillance programs. The main contribution to malaria control using methods to reduce the entomological inoculation rate is expected in areas with low or unstable transmission. Classic vector-control methods could potentially eliminate malaria in most urban areas and such programs deserve high priority.
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- Plasmodium vivax transmission: chances for control?
Trends in Parasitology, Volume 20, Issue 4, 1 April 2004, Pages 192-198
Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Takafumi Tsuboi, Gabriela E. Zollner, Jeeraphat Sirichaisinthop and Liwang Cui
AbstractPlasmodium vivax is a growing public health problem in many regions of the world as a result of re-emergence and increased transmission. This article reviews the unique biology related to P. vivax transmission and addresses potential problems associated with the control of this parasite, which depends on an in-depth knowledge of malaria transmission. The success of comprehensive control measures will require advanced laboratory and field research on this parasite, international awareness of the problem, and co-operation by members of the international malaria community to implement new knowledge and improve the management of transmission in each endemic area.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (162 kb)
Copyright © 2003 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
Trends in Parasitology, Volume 19, Issue 10, 452-460, 1 October 2003
Mass administrations of antimalarial drugs
1 International Vaccine Institute, Kwanak, PO Box 14, Seoul, 151-600, Korea
2 Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., London, UK, WC1E 7HT
Administration of antimalarial drugs to whole populations has been used as a malaria-control measure for more than 70 years. Drugs have been administered either directly as a full therapeutic course of treatment or indirectly through the fortification of salt. Mass drug administrations (MDAs) were generally unsuccessful in interrupting transmission but, in some cases, had a marked effect on parasite prevalence and on the incidence of clinical malaria. MDAs are likely to encourage the spread of drug-resistant parasites and so have only a limited role in malaria control. They could have a part to play in the management of epidemics and in the control of malaria in areas with a short transmission season. To reduce the risk of spreading drug resistance, MDAs should use more than one drug and, preferably include a drug, such as an artemisinin, which has a gametocidal effect.