title: 97/858/CE: Decisão da Commissão de 3 de Dezembro de 1997 respeitante a um pedido de derrogação introduzido pelo Reino Unido por força do n° 2, alínea c), do artigo 8º da Directiva 70/156/CEE do Conselho relativa à aproximação das legislações dos Estados-membros respeitantes à recepção dos veículos a motor e seus reboques (Apenas faz fé o texto em língua inglesa)

eurovoc_concepts:
Ireland
United Kingdom
commercial vehicle
motor vehicle
signalling device
technical standard

formats: html pdfa1b print


title: Κανονισμός (ΕΚ) αριθ. 2408/97 της Επιτροπής της 3ης Δεκεμβρίου 1997 για τροποποίηση του κανονισμού (ΕΟΚ) αριθ. 1609/88 όσον αφορά την ημερομηνία εισόδου σε απόθεμα του βουτύρου που πωλείται βάσει των κανονισμών (ΕΟΚ) αριθ. 3143/85 και (ΕΟΚ) αριθ. 570/88

eurovoc_concepts:
butter
intervention stock
sale


title: Εσωτερικός κανονισμός του Συμβουλίου.

eurovoc_concepts:
Council of the European Union
institutional activity
rules of procedure


title: 97/844/EC: Commission Decision of 3 December 1997 concerning a request for exemption submitted by Germany pursuant to Article 8 (2) (c) of Council Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers (Only the German text is authentic)

eurovoc_concepts:
Germany
approximation of laws
commercial vehicle
derogation from EU law
motor vehicle
signalling device


title: 97/849/CE: Decisione della Commissione del 3 dicembre 1997 riguardante una domanda di deroga presentata dall'Italia ai sensi dell'articolo 8, paragrafo 2, lettera c) della direttiva 70/156/CEE del Consiglio concernente il ravvicinamento delle legislazioni degli Stati membri relative all'omologazione dei veicoli a motore e dei loro rimorchi (Il testo in lingua italiana è il solo facente fede)

eurovoc_concepts:
Italy
approximation of laws
commercial vehicle
derogation from EU law
motor vehicle
natural gas


title: 98/60/EF: Kommissionens beslutning af 3. december 1997 om EF-tilskud til udryddelse af klassisk svinepest i Tyskland 1997 (Kun den tyske udgave er autentisk)

eurovoc_concepts:
EU aid
EU financing
Germany
animal plague
slaughter of animals
swine

formats: html pdf print

text: 21. 1. 98 DA De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende L 16/37 KOMMISSIONENS BESLUTNING af 3. december 1997 om EF-tilskud til udryddelse af klassisk svinepest i Tyskland 1997 (Kun den tyske udgave er autentisk) (98/60/EF) KOMMISSIONEN FOR DE EUROPÆISKE FÆLLESSKABER HAR — Der vil kunne udbetales yderligere rater, såfremt betingel- serne i artikel 3, stk. 2, i beslutning 90/424/EØF er opfyldt til Kommissionens fulde tilfredshed. under henvisning til traktaten om oprettelse af Det Euro- pæiske Fællesskab, under henvisning til Rådets beslutning 90/424/EØF af 26. juni 1990 om visse udgifter på veterinærområdet (1), senest ændret ved beslutning 94/370/EF (2), særlig arti- kel 3, stk. 3, og ud fra følgende betragtninger: Der er forekommet udbrud af klassisk svinepest i Tysk- land i 1997; denne sygdoms forekomst er en alvorlig fare for svinebestandene i EF, og for at hjælpe med at udrydde sygdommen så hurtig som muligt kan EF yde kompensation for tabene; da tilstedeværelsen af klassisk svinepest blev officielt bekræftet, gav de nationale myndigheder meddelelse om, at de havde truffet passende foranstaltninger, der også omfattede de foranstaltninger, der er anført i artikel 3, stk. 2, i beslutning 90/424/EØF; i perioden indtil Kommissionen har afsluttet sin kontrol af dels EF-bestemmelsernes overholdelse, dels opfyldelsen af betingelserne for at opnå EF-tilskud, bør der kunne udbetales en første rate på 5 mio. ECU; de i denne beslutning fastsatte foranstaltninger er i over- ensstemmelse med udtalelse fra Den Stående Veterinær- komité — VEDTAGET FØLGENDE BESLUTNING: Artikel 2 Første rate af EF-tilskuddet udbetales mod forelæg- 1. gelse af dokumentation. 2. Den i stk. 1 nævnte dokumentation skal omfatte: a) en epidemiologisk rapport vedrørende hver svinebe- drift, hvor der er blevet slagtet svin. Rapporten skal indeholde oplysninger om følgende: i) kontaminede bedrifter: — beliggenhed og adresse — dato for mistanke om sygdom og dato for bekræftelse — antal slagtede og destruerede svin samt datoen herfor — slagte- og destrueringsmetode — antallet og arten af de indsamlede prøver, der blev undersøgt på det tidspunkt, hvor der var mistanke om sygdommen; undersøgelsesresul- taterne — antallet og arten af de indsamlede prøver, der blev undersøgt på det tidspunkt, hvor den smittede svinebedrift tømmes; undersøgelses- resultaterne — formodet smittekilde på basis af en afsluttet epidemiologisk undersøgelse Artikel 1 ii) kontaktbedrifter: Tyskland kan få udbetalt en første rate på 5 mio. ECU af EF-tilskuddet i forbindelse med udbrud af klassisk svine- pest på tysk område. (1) EFT L 224 af 18. 8. 1990, s. 19. (2) EFT L 168 af 2. 7. 1994, s. 31. — som er anført i punkt i), første, tredje, fjerde og sjette led — den kontaminerede bedrift (udbrud) med hvilken der er optaget eller bekræftet kontakt; kontaktens art L 16/38 DA De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 21. 1. 98 b) en finansieringsrapport indeholdende en oversigt over begunstigede, deres adresse, antal slagtede dyr, slagte- dato og udbetalt beløb. Artikel 4 Denne beslutning er rettet til Forbundsrepublikken Tysk- land. Artikel 3 Udfærdiget i Bruxelles, den 3. december 1997. Tyskland skal fremlægge den i artikel 2 omhandlede dokumentation senest seks måneder efter meddelelsen af denne beslutning. På Kommissionens vegne Franz FISCHLER Medlem af Kommissionen


title: 97/849/EG: Kommissionens beslut av den 3 december 1997 om begäran om undantag inlämnad av Italien i enlighet med artikel 8.2 c i rådets direktiv 70/156/EEG om tillnärmning av medlemsstaternas lagstiftning om typgodkännande av motorfordon och släpvagnar till dessa fordon (Endast den italienska texten är giltig)


title: Kommissionens forordning (EF) Nr. 2406/97 af 3. december 1997 om ændring af forordning (EF) nr. 1141/97 om gennemførelsesbestemmelser til Rådets forordning (EF) nr. 820/97 for så vidt angår mærkning af oksekød og oksekødsprodukter

eurovoc_concepts:
beef
cattle
health control
labelling
marketing standard
meat product


title: 98/59/EF: Kommissionens beslutning af 3. december 1997 om EF-tilskud til udryddelse af klassisk svinepest i Tyskland i 1996 (Kun den tyske udgave er autentisk)

text: 21. 1. 98 DA De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende L 16/35 KOMMISSIONENS BESLUTNING af 3. december 1997 om EF-tilskud til udryddelse af klassisk svinepest i Tyskland i 1996 (Kun den tyske udgave er autentisk) (98/59/EF) KOMMISSIONEN FOR DE EUROPÆISKE FÆLLESSKABER HAR — — 50 % af Tysklands udgifter til rengøring og desinfek- tion af bedrifter og materialer under henvisning til traktaten om oprettelse af Det Euro- pæiske Fællesskab, — 50 % af Tysklands udgifter til kompensation til ejerne for destruktion af kontamineret foder og af kontami- nerede materialer. under henvisning til Rådets beslutning 90/424/EØF af 26. juni 1990 om visse udgifter på veterinærområdet (1), senest ændret ved beslutning 94/370/EF (2), særlig arti- kel 3, stk. 3, og ud fra følgende betragtninger: Der er forekommet udbrud af klassisk svinepest i Tysk- land i 1996; denne sygdoms forekomst er en alvorlig fare for svinebestandene i EF, og for at hjælpe med at udrydde sygdommen så hurtigt som muligt kan EF yde kompensation for tabene; da tilstedeværelsen af klassisk svinepest blev officielt bekræftet, traf de nationale myndigheder passende foran- staltninger, der også omfattede de foranstaltninger, der er anført i artikel 3, stk. 2, i beslutning 90/424/EØF; Tyskland gav meddelelse om disse foranstaltninger; betingelserne for EF-tilskud er opfyldt; de i denne beslutning fastsatte foranstaltninger er i over- ensstemmelse med udtalelse fra Den Stående Veterinær- komité — VEDTAGET FØLGENDE BESLUTNING: Artikel 1 Tyskland kan få udbetalt et EF-tilskud i forbindelse med udbrud af klassisk svinepest i 1996. EF-tilskuddet andra- ger: — 50 % af Tysklands udgifter til kompensation til ejerne for nedslagning og destruktion af henholdsvis svin og svineprodukter (1) EFT L 224 af 18. 8. 1990, s. 19. (2) EFT L 168 af 2. 7. 1994, s. 31. Artikel 2 1. EF-tilskuddet udbetales mod forelæggelse af doku- mentation og på betingelse af, at Fællesskabets veterinær- lovgivning er blevet overholdt. 2. Den i stk. 1 nævnte dokumentation skal omfatte: a) en epidemiologisk rapport vedrørende hver svinebe- drift, hvor der er blevet slagtet svin. Rapporten skal indeholde oplysninger om følgende: i) kontaminerede bedrifter: — beliggenhed og adresse — dato for mistanke om sygdom og dato for bekræftelse — antal slagtede og destruerede svin samt datoen herfor — slagte- og destrueringsmetode — antallet og arten af de indsamlede prøver, der blev undersøgt på det tidspunkt, hvor der var mistanke om sygdommen; undersøgelsesresul- taterne — antallet og arten af de indsamlede prøver, der blev undersøgt på det tidspunkt, hvor den smittede svinebedrift tømmes; undersøgelsesre- sultaterne — formodet smittekilde på basis af en afsluttet epidemiologisk undersøgelse ii) kontaktbedrifter: — som er anført i punkt i), første, tredje, fjerde og sjette led — den kontaminerede bedrift (udbrud) med hvil- ken der er optaget eller bekræftet kontakt; kontaktens art L 16/36 DA De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 21. 1. 98 b) en finansieringsrapport indeholdende en oversigt over begunstigede, deres adresse, antal slagtede dyr, slagte- dato og udbetalt beløb. Artikel 4 Denne beslutning er rettet til Forbundsrepublikken Tysk- land. Artikel 3 Udfærdiget i Bruxelles, den 3. december 1997. Tyskland skal fremlægge den i artikel 2 omhandlede dokumentation senest seks måneder efter meddelelsen af denne beslutning. På Kommissionens vegne Franz FISCHLER Medlem af Kommissionen


title: 97/840/EY: Komission päätös, tehty 3 päivänä joulukuuta 1997, Alankomaiden esittämästä moottoriajoneuvojen ja niiden perävaunujen tyyppihyväksyntää koskevan jäsenvaltioiden lainsäädännön lähentämisestä annetun neuvoston direktiivin 70/156/ETY 8 artiklan 2 kohdan c alakohdan mukaista poikkeusta koskevasta pyynnöstä (Ainoastaan hollanninkielinen teksti on todistusvoimainen)

eurovoc_concepts:
Netherlands
approximation of laws
commercial vehicle
derogation from EU law
motor vehicle
signalling device


title: 97/842/CE: Decisione della Commissione del 3 dicembre 1997 riguardante una domanda di deroga presentata dalla Germania ai sensi dell'articolo 8, paragrafo 2, lettera c) della direttiva 70/156/CEE del Consiglio concernente il ravvicinamento delle legislazioni degli Stati membri relative all'omologazione dei veicoli a motore e dei loro rimorchi (Il testo in lingua tedesca è il solo facente fede)


title: KOMISSION ASETUS (EY) N:o 2400/97, annettu 3 päivänä joulukuuta 1997, melassin edustavien hintojen ja sen tuonnissa sovellettavien lisätullien vahvistamisesta sokerialalla

eurovoc_concepts:
CCT duties
import
molasses
representative price


title: 97/852/CE: Decisão da Commissão de 3 de Dezembro de 1997 respeitante a um pedido de derrogação introduzido pelo Luxemburgo por força do n° 2, alínea c), do artigo 8º da Directiva 70/156/CEE do Conselho relativa à aproximação das legislações dos Estados-membros respeitantes à recepção dos veículos a motor e seus reboques (Apenas faz fé o texto em língua francesa)

eurovoc_concepts:
Luxembourg
approximation of laws
commercial vehicle
motor vehicle
signalling device
technical standard


title: Kommissionens förordning (EG) nr 2404/97 av den 3 december 1997 om ändring av förordning (EEG) nr 1793/93 om den avgörande faktorn för att använda jordbruksomräkningskurserna inom humlesektorn

eurovoc_concepts:
hops
production aid
representative rate


title: 97/851/ΕΚ: Απόφαση της Επιτροπής της 3ης Δεκεμβρίου 1997 σχετικά με αίτηση εξαίρεσης που υποβλήθηκε από το Λουξεμβούργο βάσει του άρθρου 8 παράγραφος 2 στοιχείο γ) της οδηγίας 70/156/ΕΟΚ του Συμβουλίου για την προσέγγιση των νομοθεσιών των κρατών μελών όσον αφορά την έγκριση τύπου των μηχανοκίνητων οχημάτων και των ρυμουλκουμένων τους (Το κείμενο στη γαλλική γλώσσα είναι το μόνο αυθεντικό)


title: 97/854/CE: Decisión de la Comisión de 3 de diciembre de 1997 sobre la solicitud de exención presentada por Bélgica en virtud de la letra c) del apartado 2 del artículo 8 de la Directiva 70/156/CEE del Consejo relativa a la aproximación de las legislaciones de los Estados miembros sobre la homologación de vehículos de motor y de sus remolques (Los textos en lenguas francesa y neerlandesa son los únicos auténticos)

eurovoc_concepts:
Belgium
approximation of laws
commercial vehicle
motor vehicle
signalling device
technical standard


title: 97/859/EG: Kommissionens beslut av den 3 december 1997 om begäran om undantag inlämnad av Förenade kungariket i enlighet med artikel 8.2 c i rådets direktiv 70/156/EEG om tillnärmning av medlemsstaternas lagstiftning om typgodkännande av motorfordon och släpvagnar till dessa fordon (Endast den engelska texten är giltig)


title: 97/835/EG: Beschikking van de Commissie van 3 december 1997 tot wijziging van de Beschikkingen 93/24/EEG en 93/244/EEG van de Commissie en betreffende aanvullende garanties ten aanzien van de ziekte van Ausjeszky voor varkens die bestemd zijn voor van deze ziekte vrije regio's in Duitsland (Voor de EER relevante tekst)

eurovoc_concepts:
EU Member State
animal disease
health control
regions of Germany
swine
veterinary inspection


title: REGOLAMENTO (CE) N. 2409/97 DELLA COMMISSIONE del 3 dicembre 1997 che modifica i prezzi rappresentativi e i dazi addizionali all'importazione per taluni prodotti del settore dello zucchero

eurovoc_concepts:
CCT duties
import
raw sugar
representative price
sugar product
white sugar


title: Regulamento interno do Conselho.


title: Kommissionens förordning (EG) nr 2407/97 av den 3 december 1997 om tillgängliggörande för Vietnam av tilläggskvantiteter av textilprodukter

eurovoc_concepts:
Vietnam
import licence
import policy
tariff quota
textile product


title: Extrait du "Panorama mensuel de l'industrie européenne 11/97" : Croissance industrielle plus rapide dans l'UE qu'au Japon ou aux États-Unis.

eurovoc_concepts:
EU Member State
Japan
United States
economic statistics
industrial development
industrial production


title: 97/859/EF: Kommissionens beslutning af 3. december 1997 om en dispensationsanmodning fra Det Forenede Kongerige i henhold til artikel 8, stk. 2, litra c, i Rådets direktiv 70/156/EØF om tilnærmelse af medlemsstaternes lovgivning om godkendelse af motordrevne køretøjer og påhængskøretøjer dertil (Kun den engelske udgave er autentisk)


title: 97/856/EG: Kommissionens beslut av den 3 december 1997 om begäran om undantag inlämnad av Italien i enlighet med artikel 8.2 c i rådets direktiv 70/156/EEG om tillnärmning av medlemsstaternas lagstiftning om typgodkännande av motorfordon och släpvagnar till dessa fordon (Endast den italienska texten är giltig)

eurovoc_concepts:
Italy
approximation of laws
commercial vehicle
motor vehicle
signalling device
technical standard


title: 97/856/EG: Beschikking van de Commissie van 3 december 1997 betreffende het door Italië ingediende verzoek om ontheffing uit hoofde van artikel 8, lid 2, onder c), van Richtlijn 70/156/EEG van de Raad inzake de onderlinge aanpassing van de wetgevingen van de lidstaten betreffende de goedkeuring van motorvoertuigen en aanhangwagens daarvan (Slechts de tekst in de Italiaanse taal is authentiek)


title: 97/847/CE: Decisione della Commissione del 3 dicembre 1997 riguardante la proroga di una deroga concessa alla Germania ai sensi dell'articolo 8, paragrafo 2, lettera c) della direttiva 70/156/CEE del Consiglio concernente il ravvicinamento delle legislazioni degli Stati membri relative all'omologazione dei veicoli a motore e dei loro rimorchi (Il testo in lingua tedesca è il solo facente fede)


title: 98/59/EC: Commission Decision of 3 December 1997 on financial contributions from the Community for the eradication of classical swine fever in Germany in 1996 (Only the German text is authentic)

text: 21. 1. 98 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 16/35 COMMISSION DECISION of 3 December 1997 on financial contributions from the Community for the eradication of classical swine fever in Germany in 1996 (Only the German text is authentic) (98/59/EC) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, — 50 % of the costs incurred by Germany for the cleaning and disinfection of holdings and equipment, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Council Decision 90/424/EEC of 26 June 1990 on expenditure in the veterinary field (1), as last amended by Decision 94/370/EC (2) and in particular Article 3 (3) thereof, Whereas outbreaks of classical swine fever occurred in Germany in 1996; whereas the appearance of this disease is a serious danger to the Community’s pigs and, in order to help eradicate the disease as rapidly as possible, the Community has the possibility of compensating for the losses suffered; Whereas, as soon as the presence of classical swine fever was officially confirmed the national authorities took appropriate measures which included the measures as listed in Article 3 (2) of Decision 90/424/EEC; whereas such measures were notified by Germany; — 50 % of the costs in compensating the owner for the destruction of contaminated contaminated equipment. incurred by Germany feedingstuffs and Article 2 1. The Community financial contribution shall be granted after the supporting documents have been submitted and under the condition that Community veterinary legislation has been respected. The documents referred to in paragraph 1 shall 2. include: (a) an epidemiological report covering each pig holding on which pigs have been slaughtered. The report shall contain information on the subjects given below: Whereas assistance have been met; the conditions for Community financial (i) infected holdings: — location and address, Whereas the measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Veterinary Committee, HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION: Article 1 Germany may obtain Community financial assistance for outbreaks of classical swine fever which occurred during 1996. The financial contribution from the Community shall be: — 50 % of the costs in compensating the owner for the slaughter, destruction of pigs and pig products as appropriate, incurred by Germany (1) OJ L 224, 18. 8. 1990, p. 19. (2) OJ L 168, 2. 7. 1994, p. 31. — date and suspicion of disease and date of confirmation, — number and date of pigs slaughtered and destroyed, — method of killing and destruction, — type and number of samples collected and examined at the time of suspicion of the disease. Results of examinations performed, — type and number of samples collected and examined at the time of depopulation of the infected pig holding. Results of examination performed; — source of basis of a investigation; infection as assumed on the epidemiological completed (ii) contact holdings: — as listed under (i), indents 1, 3, 4 and 6, — infected holding (outbreak) with which contact has been confirmed or assumed; nature of contact; L 16/36 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 21. 1. 98 (b) financial report including list of the beneficiaries and their location, number of animals slaughtered, date of slaughter and amount paid. Article 4 This Decision is addressed to the Federal Republic of Germany. Article 3 Done at Brussels, 3 December 1997. Germany shall the supporting documents referred to in Article 2 not later than six months after the notification of this Decision. forward For the Commission Franz FISCHLER Member of the Commission


title: 97/841/ΕΚ: Απόφαση της Επιτροπής της 3ης Δεκεμβρίου 1997 σχετικά με αίτηση εξαίρεσης που υπέβαλε η Γερμανία βάσει του άρθρου 8 παράγραφος 2 στοιχείο γ) της οδηγίας 70/156/ΕΟΚ του Συμβουλίου για την προσέγγιση των νομοθεσιών των κρατών μελών όσον αφορά την έγκριση τύπου μηχανοκίνητων οχημάτων και των ρυμουλκουμένων τους (Το κείμενο στη γερμανική γλώσσα είναι το μόνο αυθεντικό)


title: 97/856/EF: Kommissionens beslutning af 3. december 1997 om en dispensationsanmodning fra Italien i henhold til artikel 8, stk. 2, litra c, i Rådets direktiv 70/156/EØF om tilnærmelse af medlemsstaternes lovgivning om godkendelse af motordrevne køretøjer og påhængskøretøjer dertil (Kun den italienske udgave er autentisk)


title: 97/843/EG: Entscheidung der Kommission vom 3. Dezember 1997 über einen Antrag Deutschlands auf Ausnahmeregelung gemäß Artikel 8 Absatz 2 Buchstabe c) der Richtlinie 70/156/EWG des Rates zur Angleichung der Rechtsvorschriften der Mitgliedstaaten über die Betriebserlaubnis für Kraftfahrzeuge und Kraftfahrzeuganhänger (Nur der deutsche Text ist verbindlich)


title: Proposal for a Council Regulation (EC) amending Council Regulation (EC) No 1734/94 of 11 July 1994 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories

eurovoc_concepts:
EU financing
Palestine question
financial cooperation
occupied territory
technical cooperation

text: COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 03. 12. 1997 COM(97) 552 final 97/0316 (SYN) Proposal for a COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) amending Council Regulation (EC) No 1734/94 of 11 July 1994 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories (presented by the Commission) EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. In accordance with Article 2. 1 of Regulation 1734/94, the setting up and improvement of institutions necessary for the working of the public administration is crucial to the development process in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The Commission does not normally support the recurrent costs of such institutions, preferring to target grants from the Community budget for the purpose of development, to invest expenditures. There is therefore no explicit provision made in 1734/94 for recurrent cost-type support. However, under current circumstances, the functioning of the Palestinian Authority and indeed of other Palestinian public institutions is severely compromised by budgetary difficulties. This has required that the Community, along with other donors, support the budget of the Palestinian administration for a temporary period. The present Regulation would bring Regulation 1734/94 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories into line with this reality, thus providing a solid legal base for actions of recurrent cost support to the Palestinian administration, out of the Community budget. The line of action has been recommended to the Commission by the Court of Auditors, in its 1995 report on financial and technical support to the Middle East Peace Process. 2. The Council announced at the Donors Conference of October 1993, following the Declaration of Principles between Israel and the PLO, that the Commission and the EIB would commit 500 MECU to the development of the West Bank and Gaza Strip for the years 1994-98, and that half of this commitment would be fulfilled by loans from the EIB. To formalise this, the Council amended Regulation 1763/92 (which at the time was the Regulation governing EIB off-protocol lending in the Mediterranean), to allow such lending in the West Bank and Gaza Strip as well as the other Mediterranean partners. In its letter of 11th July to the Bank, the Commission also stated that by the end of 1996, the Commission and the Council would examine 'what measures, if any, might be required to allow the Bank to continue the interventions ^ foreseen in favour of the Territories up to the end of 1998'. (The Council formally adopted the renewal of EIB mandates on 14th April 1997 until 2000 - CD 97/256/EC) The 'Joint Commission/EIB report to the Council' on the 'situation of EIB lending' in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and on a possible 'extension of the EIB mandate' to finance projects in these areas, sets out the constraints to fulfilling the mandate given to the Bank by the Council in October 1993 (following the Declaration of Principles between Israel and the PLO), to lend 250 MECU out of the Bank's own resources by 1998. These constraints include: • the substantial foreign aid pledged for the West Bank and Gaza Strip being greater than the real absorptive capacity of the economy; • the availability of donor grants, which tend to crowd out loan finance; • a relative lack of project preparation capacity on the part of Palestinian institutions; • relatively limited private investment opportunities in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, even under normal conditions, • the precarious budgetary position of the Palestinian Authority; and • the reluctance of the Palestinian Authority to borrow at market rates, due to its limited debt-bearing capacity. In this report, the Bank and the Commission conclude that the EIB will be unable to fulfill the political mandate entrusted to it by the Council in October 1993, following the Declaration of Principles between Israel and the PLO, of lending 250 MECU in the West Bank and Gaza Strip by 1998 - unless the conditions applying to the fulfilment of that mandate are altered on the basis of the following elements: 3 • the extension of its mandate in the West Bank and Gaza Strip to 2000; • project-by-project examination of the possibility of blending grants - for feasibility studies, technical assistance and parallel financing - out of the resources available to the Community, with Bank lending; • project-by-project examination of the possibility of extending interest rate subsidies to loans made by the European Investment Bank to all public sector projects in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, not just environmental ones, to be financed out of the budgetary resources available to the Community. The latter two measures could make EIB loans more attractive to the Palestinian Authority. Although the Commission and the Bank are of the view that, 'in any event,. the Bank's commitment in GWB up to 1999 will fall short of the original mandate to lend up to 250 MECU', the Report states that were such actions as the above to be taken, the total of EIB lending plus the additional budgetary resources blended with them, could amount to a total which may be 'acceptable to the Palestinian Authority'. Only the latter of the three actions recommended in the Report and detailed above would require regulation. On 14 April 1997 the Council adopted new EIB lending mandates. As far as the Mediterranean region is concerned, the new mandate does indeed cover the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and extends until end January 2000. The Commission is already engaged in project-by-project examination of the possibility of blending grants - for feasibility studies, technical assistance and parallel financing - out of the resources available to the Community, with Bank lending, under Regulations 1488/96 and 1734/94. 4 However, legal provision would need to be made to extend the possibility of interest rate subsidies to projects other than environmental in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The minutes of the Council meeting of 11th July 1994 state: 'The Council and the Commission declare that the possibility of applying interest rate subsidies for all of the EIB's loans foreseen in favour of the Occupied Territories will be examined at the appropriate time'. The present legal basis for granting interest rate subsidies to EIB loans in the Mediterranean region is the MEDA Regulation (1488/96). However, under this Regulation the Commission may not extend interest rate subsidies financed by the budgetary resources of the Community to projects undertaken by the Bank unless these are in the environmental sector. The Commission is unwilling to propose amendment to Regulation 1488/96 (MEDA) to allow extension of interest rate subsidies to projects other than environmental. To allow exception to the general principle enshrined in MEDA that only environmental projects may be subject to interest rate subsidy, would, in the view of the Commission, set a dangerous precedent. Therefore the proposed amendment would therefore be made to 1734/94. At present this Regulation permits the Commission to commit Community aid in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, for investment projects, feasibility studies, technical assistance and training (Article 2. 2), in the following priority areas (Article 2. 1): infrastructure, production, urban and rural development, education, health, the environment, services, foreign trade, the setting-up and improvement of institutions necessary for the proper working of the public administration and the advancement of democracy and human rights. The Regulation at present specifies that Community financing for projects and operations covered by this Regulation will be in the form of grants. It is already stated at Article 3 that 'The aid referred to in this Regulation may be combined with the Bank financing from own resources. '. This amendment would enable the Commission to grant interest rate subsidy to Bank loans made to public sector projects in the areas set out in the Regulation and recalled above. 5" The procedures pertaining to the granting of interest rate subsidies to loans accorded by the Bank in the West Bank and Gaza Strip shall be those laid down under the Regulation 1488/96 (MEDA). These ensure that the Mediterranean Committee is duly consulted on the project on which it is proposed to grant an interest rate subsidy. The subsidy rate shall be 3%. To summarise, the purpose of the proposed amendment is to allow the possibility of applying interest rate subsidies to all public sector loans in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. FINANCIAL ANNEX Relevant articles of the Community budget B7-420 Description of action Amendment of Council Regulation 1734/94 to provide the legal base for recurrent cost support out of the Community budget for the Palestinian administration. Amendment of Council Regulation 1734/94 to provide the legal base for interest rate subsidy out of the budgetary resources available to the Community, to loans made out of EIB own resources for projects in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Financial implications None (the Decision will have no bearing on financial allocations already made to the budget Article concerned). G PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) amending Council Regulation (EC) No 1734/94 of 11 July 1994 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 13 Ow thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, Acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 189c of the Treaty, Whereas Council Regulation (EC) No. 1734/94 of 11th July 1994 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories, recognises that the setting up and improvement of institutions necessary for the working of the public administration is crucial to the development process in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Whereas temporary support is necessary for the recurrent cost of the Palestinian public sector, Whereas is necessary to amend Council Regulation 1734/94 to provide explicitly for such support, Whereas Article 3 of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1734/94 of 11 July 1994 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories extends the possibility of the combination of Community measures in the West Bank and Gaza Strip with Bank financing from own resources, 7 Whereas it is considered desirable that the possibility of interest rate subsidy is extended to projects in the West Bank and Gaza Strip in the priority areas laid down in Article 2( 1 ) of that Regulation, , Whereas it is necessary to amend Council Regulation 1734/94 to allow for such a possibility, HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION. Article 1 1. Article 2(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1734/94 of 11 July 1994 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories is replaced by the following: 'Community aid may be given for investment projects, feasibility studies, technical assistance and training, and for temporary support for the recurrent costs of the Palestinian public administration. ' 2. Article 2(3) is amended as follows: 'Community financing for projects and operations covered by this Regulation shall be in the form of grants or interest rate subsidies on lending by the Bank out of its own resources. The subsidy rate shall be 3%. ' Article 2 Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1734/94 of 11 July 1994 on financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories is replaced by the following: ' 1. Financing decisions on projects and operations to which grants are made under this Regulation shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 5. ^ '2. Financing decisions on overall allocations for technical cooperation, training and trade promotion shall be adopted in accordance with the procedures laid down in Article 5. 'The Commission shall keep the Committee referred to in Article 5 regularly informed of the use made of these overall allocations. '3. Decisions amending decisions adopted in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 5 shall be taken by the Commission where they do not entail any substantial amendments or additional commitments in excess of 20% of the original commitment. '4. Financing decisions on interest rate subsidies shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 12 of Council Regulation No 1488/96 of 23 July 1996. ' Article 3 This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, FINANCIAL STATEMENT Article B7-420 : Community operations connected with the Israel/PLO peace agreement Outturn 1996 Appropriations Appropriations % change authorised 1997 requested 1998 ECU '000 000 Commits Payments Commits Payments Commits Payments Commits Payments 1 52 2 3 4 5 6 7=5/3 8=6/4 49. 4 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 0 0 1. TITLE OF OPERATION See below 2. BUDGET HEADING INVOLVED See below 3. LEGAL BASIS Council Regulation (EC) 1734/94 of 11 July 1994 4. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION: 4. 1 General objective The economic and social effects of a long occupation are to be seen in the territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The social and economic infrastructure is weak and ineffective, and the economic indices fall far below the levels reached by neighbouring countries. Before the West Bank and Gaza Strip can actually be properly integrated into the regional economy and particularly into the Euro-Mediterranean area, donors must aim towards the rehabilitation and institutional, social and economic development of the Palestinian people. •7 The general objective of this budget heading is therefore to finance basic social and economic infrastructure projects, with the emphasis on education. The Commission also considers it particularly important to secure the institutional development of the Palestine administration, in order to restore infrastructure and services to the inhabitants and raise their standard of living. Economic growth may also be promoted through the support provided under this same heading for the private sector. The Commission, among other donors, has already been asked to contribute over a temporary period to the operating costs of the Palestine administration, in order to maintain services for the Palestine people while the new administration is being set up. The Community's efforts are being carried out not only in the context of the Middle East peace process, but also in the context of the efforts of all the donors involved in developing the West Bank and Gaza Strip. These donors are all working in accordance with the priorities communicated to them by the Palestinian Authority. 4. 2 Period covered and arrangements for renewal or extension 5 years (1994-98) At the end of this period, account being taken of the advice given by the Commission's Technical Assistance Office (ECTAO) in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, a decision will be taken, if necessary, to continue the Community's financial aid. The Commission might seek to change the legal basis and present its proposal for an amount to the budgetary authority. 5. CLASSIFICATION OF EXPENDITURE OR REVENUE 5. 1 Non-compulsory expenditure 5. 2 Differentiated appropriations 5. 3 Type of revenue involved: none 6. TYPE OF EXPENDITURE OR REVENUE I - 100% grant - Grant for cofmancing with other sources in the public and or private sector: financing in parallel with the European Investment Bank could possibly be considered for certain projects, particularly infrastructure projects. - Interest subsidies - Other: none. - Should the operation prove an economic success, is there provision for all or part of the Community contribution to be reimbursed? No. - Will the proposed operation cause any change in the level of revenue? If so, what sort of change and what type of revenue is involved? No. - Redeployment: in cases where the Commission could set up revolving funds for certain projects. 7. FINANCIAL IMPACT 7. 1 Method of calculating total cost of operation for 1997 At the 1993 donors' conference the sum of ECU 250 million from the Community budget was announced for the five years 1994-98, i. e. about ECU 50 million a year from this budget heading, up to 1998 inclusive. The Palestinian people of the West Bank and Gaza Strip suffer from a shortage of social facilities, with an unacceptable level of basic infrastructure such as schools, medical services and other social support systems. There is therefore an unlimited call for expenditure on infrastructure and the establishment of government and public administration institutions. Out of its package of ECU 50 million, the Commission intends to commit some 15% in 1997 in order to make up the public-sector budget deficit, 65% for infrastructure projects, especially at municipal level and more especially in education, leaving another 10% for institutional support operations. The Commission will also commit some ECU 5 million for technical assistance, which includes not only operations involving the management and monitoring, including I financial monitoring, of projects, but also the preparation of its major infrastructure projects (e. g. feasibility studies). 7. 2 Itemised breakdown of cost CA/PA in ECU '000 000 Breakdown Budget 97 PDB98 CA public deficit C A infrastructure CA institutional support C A technical assistance EC TOTAL 7. 5 32. 5 5 5 50 7. 5 32. 5 5 5 50 % change 0 0 0 0 0 8. FRAUD PREVENTION MEASURES: RESULTS OF MEASURES TAKEN The Commission is aware of the fact that the Palestinian administration is relatively inexperienced, and that its financial monitoring rules and procedures were established only recently. The ECTAO technical assistants monitor the Commission projects, on the basis of advice from European consultants paid by means of commitments under this budget item (under the heading of technical assistance). In the case of Community contributions to operating costs, the Commission places the main emphasis on financial monitoring and audit. These measures do not in any way undermine the normal checks by the Commission and the Court of Auditors, it being laid down in all the financial agreements for Commission projects that the right of subsequent access by the Commission and the Court is guaranteed for all projects. 9. ELEMENTS OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS 9. 1. Specific quantifiable objectives, target population Ai - Specific quantifiable objectives, target population: The target population group is still the Palestinian people of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, which have some 2. 3 million inhabitants (a number likely to increase in the next few years with the return of many exiles to these territories), and especially the poorest among them. These people live mainly in the Gaza Strip (where almost three-quarters of the population are refugees, but also in the municipalities and rural regions of the West Bank, where the infrastructure is often rudimentary and in any event generally ineffective). The Commission's intervention strategy has been laid down in accordance with the priorities of the Palestinian Authority. Like all donors, the Commission depends on the priorities laid down by the Palestinian Authority, which always follows the advice of the World Bank in this matter. The Palestinian Authority is expected to make known a list of its priorities for 1997, and its long-term development strategy (at present in the course of preparation), at the next meeting of the Consultative Group chaired by the World Bank, expected to take place in autumn 1996. (It should nevertheless be borne in mind that the new Palestinian Authority, which is being set up on a permanent basis following the January 1996 elections, may still not have definitively determined its priorities by that date. ) In the light of the priorities established in this way, the Palestinian Authority presents to the Commission its requirements for the use of Community funds. In terms of investment, the Commission could bear the cost of providing infrastructure in the areas of health, education, and production, for example, but it is probable that in 1997 - provided this fits into the long-term development strategy of the Palestinian Authority and in its list of priorities - the emphasis will be placed on the one hand on primary, secondary and university education and on vocational training, and on the other on the development of urban and rural infrastructure (sanitation, sewerage, solid waste and energy). •1 v | The establishment of the Palestinian Authority's institutions, including its ministries, the municipalities, the Council and other central bodies, will also be given priority. The Commission will also provide the technical assistance required for implementing aid of this kind, and the cost of drawing up, managing and monitoring projects (from the financial and other aspects). It should also be said that the preparation of projects, and their implementation, takes place in accordance with the Commission's "Logical Framework Approach". This approach is aimed not only at the proper preparation of projects and the effectiveness of their implementation, but consequently also at the observance of the criterion of cost-effectiveness and sustainability as compared with the alternatives. The success of the Commission's objectives can be measured against the attainment of the Palestinian Authority's priorities and, more specifically, the projects which come under the specified development strategy. If account is also taken of the activities of other donors, the Commission will consider that its objectives have been attained in so far as basic social infrastructure has been established or replaced, where the (above-mentioned) services to the Palestinian population are improved, becoming more effective and better targeted, and where the Palestinian administration is better equipped to operate and plan its services. As regards a possible Community contribution for covering the public sector's budget deficit, the Commission will take account of the progress made by the Authority towards balancing the budget through efficient revenue collection and above all strict control of expenditure. During the entire implementation period, the Commission Representative in the West Bank and Gaza Strip will take charge of coordinating projects with other donors, through the "Local Aid Coordination Committees" set up by the donors and the Palestinian Authority, and with the support of the team of technical assistants in the field and possibly consultants funded by this budget heading. Consultations can reduce the danger - arising from the large number of donors - 1Ç \ of duplication of effort. Furthermore, these consultations can ensure that maximum benefit is derived from the activities of all concerned, especially if each donor sets his priorities in the sectors in which he is most experienced and best placed to ensure the most effective action possible. 9. 2. Grounds for the operation - Need for Community financial aid The Community assistance given to the Palestinian people forms part of the funds earmarked for the development of the Mediterranean area. This financial support policy involves strengthening the political, economic and social balance of the Mediterranean region and hence the southern frontiers of the European Union. The Palestinian population has undergone a lengthy process, during which the social and economic infrastructure has been declining, and there is a need to replace this infrastructure and to set up a viable, efficient Palestinian administration which can cope with rebuilding these territories. It would be impossible for the Palestinian people to fit into the regional economy or the Euro-Mediterranean area unless they achieved economic development more on a par with the economic levels already attained by neighbouring countries. There is no point in aiming at development of this kind until the basic infrastructure is in place and an efficient administration has been set up. Furthermore, given that the rehabilitation of the territories is the focus of an unprecedented international effort involving at least 40 donors, the European Union could hardly fail to join in this effort. - Choice of ways and means In the form of grants. - Main factors of uncertainty which could affect the specific results of the operation Even if the political situation is still precarious, the main risks stem from the Palestinian administration's relative lack of capacity and experience. In view of 1e \ the large volume of international financial aid, and the number of sectors and projects to which donors are required to contribute, the danger is that the inexperienced Palestinian Authority, despite the support of the Local Aid Coordination Committees, might be unable to programme this aid effectively and in a targeted manner. In order to minimise the dangers of poorly targeted aid, the Commission is taking care to ensure the closest possible coordination with other donors and of course with the Authority itself. 9. 3 Monitoring and evaluation of the operation - Performance indicators selected The Commission applies the Logical Framework Approach to all its projects. It ensures that these projects are monitored by consultants in all the major sectors, and that, where appropriate, they are also evaluated in order to determine whether it is worth continuing or extending an operation. - Details and frequency of planned évaluation operations In 1997, an overall evaluation of aid was undertaken, following the Council resolution of 1 June 1995. It takes in all the operations financed under heading B7-420 over the last ten years. It is due to be completed in June 1998. - Assessment of the results obtained The Commission is aiming not only to slow down the process of socio-economic deterioration, but also to improve the basic infrastructure and the establishment of government institutions, in order to raise the standard of living of the inhabitants of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and promote economic growth. It is still difficult, however, to measure the results obtained, given the inability of the Palestinian bodies to provide reliable statistics. This having been said, and given that the Commission is already entering the second stage of infrastructure operations in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, its operations in these areas will be carried out on the basis of evaluation of the •n operations completed, and the results of the evaluation will become a factor in the decision-making process. The European objective for the Mediterranean region is to integrate the countries around Europe in a Euro-Mediterranean area. Three objectives will be set for integration: peace, democracy, rule of law; sustainable economic and social development; sociocultural dialogue and civil society (objectives of MEDA heading B7-410). Although certain aspects of the Commission programme are aimed in these three directions, and although the territories concerned can receive some of the funds from heading B7-410, it is nevertheless necessary for the basic social infrastructure and the government institutions to be established. The Commission will use this separate heading to place the emphasis, particularly for the next few years, on the rehabilitation of West Jordan and Gaza Strip, so that these territories can truly become a part of the Euro-Mediterranean area. ) % ISSN 0254-1475 COM(97) 552 final DOCUMENTS EN 11 02 09 Catalogue number : CB-CO-97-611-EN-C ISBN 92-78-27517-4 Office for Official Publications of the European Communities L-2985 Luxembourg 4 2


title: 98/455/EC: Commission Decision of 3 December 1997 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 (Case No IV/M.942 - VEBA/Degussa) (notified under document number C(1997) 3833) (Only the German text is authentic) (Text with EEA relevance)

eurovoc_concepts:
chemical industry
competition law
economic concentration
merger control

text: L 201/102 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 7. 98 II (Acts whose publication is not obligatory) COMMISSION COMMISSION DECISION of 3 December 1997 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 (Case No IV/M. 942 (cid:190) VEBA/Degussa) (notified under document number C(1997) 3833) (Only the German text is authentic) (Text with EEA relevance) (98/455/EC) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 of 21 December 1989 on the control of concentrations between undertakings (‘the Merger Regulation') (1), and in particular Article 8(2) thereof, Having regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in particular Article 57 thereof, Having regard to the Commission Decision of 2 September 1997 initiating proceedings, Having regard to the opinion of the Advisory Committee on Concentrations (2), Whereas: (1) On 2 July 1997 the Commission received noti- fication pursuant to Article 4 of the Merger Regula- tion of a planned transaction by which Veba AG (‘Veba') was to acquire control of Degussa AG (‘Degussa'). The notification failed to mention the fact that the Veba subsidiary H(cid:129)ls was doing busi- ness through a joint venture on one of the relevant markets, the market in fumed silica; and on 28 July 1997 the notification was declared incomplete. The notification was supplemented on 31 July 1997. By Decision of 22 July 1997 the Commission, pursuant to Article 7(2) and Article 18(2) of the Merger Regulation, ordered the suspension of the notified merger until such time as it had taken a final decision. By Decision of 2 September 1997 the Commission initiated proceedings under Article 6(1)(c) of the Merger Regulation. I. THE PARTIES Veba operates mainly in the following businesses: electricity, chemicals, oil, distribution, transport and services, and telecommunications. Its chem- icals interests are handled by its subsidiary H(cid:129)ls and by H(cid:129)ls subsidiaries R(cid:148)hm and Servo. (2) (3) (4) (1) OJ L 395, 30. 12. 1989, p. 1 (corrigendum: OJ L 257, 21. 9. 1990, p. 13). (2) OJ C 224, 17. 7. 1998. (5) Degussa operates in chemicals, health and nutri- tion, precious metals, and banking. (6) (7) (8) (9) 17. 7. 98 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 201/103 II. THE OPERATION IV. COMMUNITY DIMENSION Veba proposes to acquire all the shares in GFC Gesellschaft f(cid:129)r Chemiewerte mbH (‘GFC'). GFC owns 33 520 000 Degussa shares. Degussa has an equity capital of DEM 460 297 500. This is divided into 92 059 500 shares, which all have equal voting rights. Thus GFC holds 36,41 % of the equity in Degussa. (12) Veba and Degussa have a combined aggregate worldwide turnover of over ECU 5 billion (Veba: ECU 39,04 billion; Degussa: ECU 7,22 billion). Each of them has an aggregate Community-wide turnover of over ECU 250 million (Veba: ECU 32,15 billion; Degussa: ECU 3,59 billion). Degussa does not achieve more than two-thirds of its aggre- gate Community-wide turnover in any one Member State. The a Community dimension. concentration consequently has III. THE CONCENTRATION V. ASSESSMENT PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 2 OF THE MERGER REGULATION The plan notified constitutes a concentration within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) of the Merger Regulation, since Veba proposes to acquire sole control of Degussa. (13) In the last five years attendance at the general meeting of shareholders in Degussa has been below 68 % (1993: 67,38 %; 1994: 63,49 %; 1995: 67,95 %; 1996: 66,78 %; and 1997: 67,84 %). Possession of 36,41 % of the shares has conse- quently meant an assured majority at general meet- ings, and GFC has exercised control over Degussa. By taking over GFC, therefore, Veba will acquire a controlling interest in Degussa. A simple majority of the votes cast at the general meeting will enable Veba to appoint the sharehol- ders’ members of Degussa’s supervisory board. The supervisory board can appoint or dismiss the members of the board of management by simple majority. This ensures that the holder of a simple majority at the general meeting can control the conduct of Degussa’s business. (10) As a result of the concentration, Veba will become by far the biggest shareholder in Degussa; the next- largest shareholder has a stake of only 6,8 %, and the other shares are widely dispersed. Veba will be the only large industrial shareholder with a know- ledge of the markets and industries involved. The 6,8 % shareholder is an American family with no comparable market knowledge. The many other very small shareholders are in no position individ- ually to exercise any decisive influence over the conduct of Degussa’s business, and have not in the past made any effort to do so jointly. (11) Given the assured majority at general meetings and in the light of the other circumstances it may be assumed that Veba will acquire de facto control of Degussa. The business activities of Veba and Degussa overlap partially in the area of chemical products. A more detailed appraisal of the effects of the operation needs to be made in the area of methyl methacry- late, methacrylic acid, transparent plastics, acrylate- based PVC process additives, organosilanes, silicon tetrachloride, fumed silica, diamines/polyamines and reagents for the production of cationic starch. In all other areas and also in other business activ- ities there is no overlap, so that in the absence of other indications the operation will not lead to the strengthening of the existing market positions. A. The relevant product markets 1. Methyl methacrylate (14) Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is a monomer which is the base for a major proportion of the other prod- ucts of methacrylic chemistry. It is usually obtained by the ACH process from hydrocyanic acid, methanol and acetone. MMA is a liquid that has no direct use as an end product. As a rule it is processed further, being polymerised for example into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), a trans- parent plastic. According to information supplied by customers and producers, MMA cannot be replaced by other products. Accordingly, the Commission comes to the conclusion that MMA constitutes a separate product market. 2. Methacrylic acid (15) Methacrylic acid is likewise a basic monomer, and is closely related to MMA. It, too, is usually made by the ACH process, from the same raw materials but without the addition of methanol. Like MMA, methacrylic acid cannot be used as an end product, but is processed into other methacrylic products. One important use of methacrylic acid is in paint and varnish resins and dispersions, which in turn L 201/104 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 7. 98 are processed into paints and different kinds of varnish. Methacrylic acid and MMA confer different properties on the products into which they are processed, and are not interchangeable from the user’s point of view. This is confirmed by the parties and by competitors and customers. Accord- ingly, the Commission comes to the conclusion that methacrylic acid is a separate product market. for other applications. But transparent plastics as described above, which make for certain applications and them specially apt inapt the question whether each transparent plastic constitutes a sep- arate product market can be left open, because even on the assumption that the markets are separate no objections arise in competition law. (16) (17) (18) (19) 3. Transparent plastics Transparent plastics are mouldable transparent chemical products, which resemble glass in being transparent, but which are lighter, easier to work and as a rule less fragile than glass. Transparent plastics are used in a wide variety of applications, industry for noise advertising, motorway subcontracting, barriers, CD cases and other packaging. lamp coverings, motor example The main transparent plastics are polymethyl methacrylate or acrylic glass (PMMA), polycarbo- nate (PC), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (SANS), and polystyrene (PS). These plastics differ in prop- erties and price. PMMA, for example, is especially weatherproof and highly transparent, while poly- carbonate has high impact and heat resistance. Polystyrene is less transparent than PMMA and polycarbonate, but is also cheaper. PMMA is produced by polymerisation from MMA. The other transparent plastics are also produced by polymer- isation, but from other raw materials. it The parties are of the opinion that all transparent plastics form one product market. They point out that extensive substitution is possible in many applications (cid:190) either PMMA or polycarbonate can be used in lamps, for example. Any differences in properties can be reduced in the course of the production process or by the use of additives, and this can be offset In terms of durability, properties and price, they say, there are no essential differences between the various trans- parent plastics. in the price. The Commission’s enquiries have shown that while substitution is possible in certain uses the extent of substitution varies greatly from one application to another (see the Commission Decision of 28 July 1992 in Case No IV/M. 160 Elf Atochem/ Rohm & Haas). Competitors and customers have confirmed that transparent plastics are not inter- changeable in all applications. This is in particular the result of the different characteristics of different (20) On that assumption, only PMMA would be a rele- vant market. Veba/H(cid:129)ls and Degussa do both operate in the polycarbonate field, but their combined share of that market is no more than involved in polystyrene, 15 %. Only Veba is through H(cid:129)ls, which has a market share of less than 15 %, and neither of the parties is active in the SAN business. (21) (22) Transparent plastics are also sold onward, in the form of moulding powder or extruded or cast sheet. Moulding powder is a granulate which is processed and formed by heating and extrusion or by some other process. It is thus an intermediate product in the production of extruded sheet. Cast sheet, on the other hand, is cast direct at the polymerisation stage, without passing through the moulding powder stage. The parties are of the opinion that moulding powder and extruded or cast sheet constitute one market. They argue that extrusion or injection moulding do not involve any further substantial chemical change. Nor is there any difference in properties or price, for example, between extruded and cast sheet. They are fully interchangeable. (23) According to the Commission’s enquiries, sheet is considerably dearer than moulding powder, and the buying publics are different too. But the question whether there is one or several markets can be left open, as the conditions of competition are not fundamentally different for moulding powder and for sheet (see the Commission Decision of 28 July 1992 in Case No IV/M. 160 Elf Atochem/ Rohm & Haas). 4. Acrylate-based PVC process additives (24) These are products which make the processing of PVC possible. They take the form of powders; when PVC is being formed they ensure that it passes the extruder feed screw without damage to the equipment, and improve the surface structure of the end product. They are used in the processing of both rigid and plasticised PVC, especially in the 17. 7. 98 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 201/105 production of film, bottles and sections. The func- tions of acrylate-based PVC processing additives cannot be performed by other materials, and they constitute one product market. the initial product, silicon metal, and returned to the producers of silicon tetrachloride. This form of integration results in a closed circuit. Because of the danger it presents, the transport of silicon tetra- chloride is possible only to a limited extent. 5. Organosilanes (25) Organosilanes are essentially used as binders and cross-linking agents in a very wide variety of applications, such as glass cloths, adhesives and sealants, tyres, paints, varnishes and coatings for the preservation of structures. Three separate markets in organosilanes have to be distinguished. (30) (26) Organofunctional silanes are used as binders between inorganic materials such as glass, minerals and metals and organic polymers such as thermo- plastics, as surfactants for inorganic and organic materials, and as cross-linking agents for polymers. Organofunctional silanes are divided into those for ‘rubber' applications, such as tyre repairs, and those for ‘non-rubber' applications. Silanes for ‘rubber applications' and silanes for ‘non-rubber applica- tions' are produced in different installations and according to different procedures. The Commis- sion’s enquiries have confirmed that organofunc- tional silanes for rubber applications cannot be replaced by organofunctional for non- rubber applications. These are therefore separate markets. silanes (27) (28) (29) The third group of organosilanes is the alkyl silanes, which are used mainly for the preservation of structures on account of their water-repellent qualities. Alkylsilanes are produced in different installations to organofunctional silanes. Because of their special properties they too form a separate market. 6. Silicon tetrachloride Silicon tetrachloride is a chemical used as a raw material for the production of fumed silica, fumed silica esters, fibre optic cables, synthetic silica glass and other products. Silicon tetrachloride and trichlorsilane, a raw material for organosilanes, are products of the hydrochlorination of silicon metal. The production and sale of silicon tetrachloride is closely linked to the next market stage. According to information supplied by the parties, silicon tetra- chloride is produced by downstream firms them- selves, or kept for further processing by the produ- cers who carried out the hydrochlorination of from which it results. When the silicon metal silicon tetrachloride is processed into fumed silica, large quantities of hydrochloric acid are obtained, which are then needed for the hydrochlorination of 7. Fumed silica Fumed silica is produced from silicon tetrachloride together with oxygen and hydrogen. The product is used as an additive in a variety of different prod- ucts. The main areas of use are elastomers (improvement of the mechanical properties of sili- cone rubber, for example in sealants), thermoset- ting materials (improving the properties of unsat- urated polyesters, epoxy resins and acrylates), and paints and varnishes. Fumed silica cannot be replaced in its function by other materials, and forms a separate product market. 8. Diamines/polyamines (31) According to information supplied by the parties, diamines/polyamines are used mainly as hardeners for epoxy resin systems. Epoxy resin systems are used in varnishes, steel and concrete coatings in building shipbuilding, are construction, produced on the basis of chemical substances. The parties, who have isophoron avail- able to them, produce isophoron diamines, while other chemical companies produce ethylene or aniline diamines for example. engineering adhesives. Diamines civil and various and (32) According to information supplied by the parties, all diamines/polyamines have the same basic func- tion, which is to act as a cross-linking agent in epoxy resin chains. Evidently the properties of particular diamines may differ somewhat. The parties state that diamines are almost always used in compounds, and that identical properties can be achieved by different diamine compounds. The compounds are made by customers, so that the customers possess wide-ranging know-how, and would certainly be in a position to switch to other diamine compounds rapidly and at no significant cost. In the parties’ opinion, therefore, diamines and polyamines form one product market. The Commission’s enquiries and information supplied by customers and competitors essentially confirm this assessment. (33) According to the Commission’s enquiries, isophoron diamines too are a part of the market for diamines and do not constitute a separate product market. Isophoron diamines make up 25 % of the L 201/106 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 7. 98 the properties of Some users have volume and 30 % of the value of the total market for diamines. stated that isophoron diamines cannot be substituted at will for all applications. According to those users, the the end diamines used affect product (epoxy resin systems), so that in existing products isophoron diamines can be replaced only after fresh testing. In some cases the composition of the end product is subject to official author- isation (in the case of products for use in building, for example), or to the agreement of the purchaser of the final product. The users argue that in these cases the substitution of isophoron diamines will take some time (up to two years) and will require some expenditure, as the development of a new compound and new testing are necessary. However, this is only valid for existing compounds, not for newly developed mixtures, as users have a free in the main choice of diamines. Already even, applications isophorondiamines can be replaced by other diamines at short notice. Only up to 20 % of the presently used isophoron diamines are limited in their substitutability. This reason is not sufficient for considering isophoron diamines as a separate market and therefore the Commission has come to the conclusion that diamines constitute one rele- vant product market. reagent' has to be converted into the finished reagent by means of a reaction with sodium hydroxide. Most producers offer only the pre- reagent, which unlike the finished reagent can be stored and transported without difficulty. For this reason the pre-reagent and finished reagent consti- tute separate product markets. B. Geographic markets (36) With the exception of silicon tetrachloride, all the product markets described above are at least EEA- wide. The Commission’s enquiries have found no evidence of smaller geographic markets. In the case of silicon tetrachloride, account has to be taken of the special features described in recital 29, namely the need for proximity between producer and customer. For fumed silica, the Commission is satisfied that the market is EEA-wide. As fumed silica is a voluminous material, transport costs are considerable (up to 8 %). Imports of fumed silica produced outside Europe are insignificant (less than 1 %). Hence all customers have stated that they only use European suppliers, a choice which is also influenced by the need to guarantee quality. A small but significant price increase would not cause customers to switch to non-European suppliers. 9. Reagents for the production of cationic starch (34) Untransformed starch from potatoes, maize and wheat is converted into cationic starch with the use of reagents. Cationic starch is used in the paper industry for the pulp and surface treatment of fine paper, wrapping paper and corrugated board. (37) (35) According to information supplied by the parties, starch reagents are produced in two stages. In the first place, a reagent is obtained which will not initiate the cationisation process by itself. This ‘pre- C. Assessment 1. MMA The bulk of MMA is produced for the producer’s own use. The non-captive market for MMA in the EEA is not very big. According to the Commis- sion’s enquiries, the market volume in the EEA in 1996 was about 85 000 to 90 000 tonnes. On the basis of sales figures supplied by the parties and their competitors, the breakdown of market shares is as follows (1): Veba/ R(cid:148)hm Degussa Veba and Degussa ICI Atochem Repsol BASF Imports Market share EEA 1996 by volume [5 to 10] % [10 to 15] % [15 to 25 % [30 to 50] % [15 to 20] % [10 to 20] % [5 to 10] % Ca. 5 % (1) In the published version of this Decision, some information has been omitted or replaced by ranges, pursuant to Article 17(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 concerning non-dis- closure of business secrets. 17. 7. 98 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 201/107 (38) The market leader in MMA is ICI, and there are other strong competitors alongside Veba/Degussa. Thus the concentration will not create a dominant position here. 2. Methacrylic acid (39) Methacrylic acid too is produced mainly for the producer’s own use. According to the Commission’s enquiries, the volume of the open market for methacrylic acid in the EEA is only about 20 000 tonnes. On the basis of sales figures supplied by the parties and their competitors, the breakdown of market shares is as follows: Veba/ R(cid:148)hm Degussa Veba and Degussa ICI Atochem BASF Imports Market share EEA 1996 by volume [5 to 10] % [10 to 15] % [15 to 25] % [40 to 60] % [10 to 15] % [10 to 20] % Ca. 4 % (40) The market leader in methacrylic acid is ICI, and there are strong competitors alongside Veba/Degussa. Thus the concentration will not create a dominant position here. 3. Transparent plastics (41) According to the information supplied by the parties, the Community market in trans- parent plastics as a whole amounts to about 330 000 tonnes, or ECU 1 billion. Veba/ R(cid:148)hm’s market share is about [15 to 25] % by volume and by value, and Degussa’s share is about [5 to 15] %, giving a combined share of some [20 to 35] %. The Commission’s enquiries have confirmed these figures. The major competitors are BASF (market share of about 15 to 25 %), Dow (about 10 to 15 %) and Elf Atochem (about 10 to 15 %). (42) If PMMA were to be considered as a separate market, the Community-wide market volume would be about 220 000 tonnes, or ECU 600 to 650 million. In this case, the market shares would be as follows: Veba/R(cid:148)hm Degussa Veba and Degussa AtoHaas ICI BASF Others Market share EEA 1996 [20 to 30] % [7 to 15] % [30 to 40] % [25 to 35] % [10 to 15] % [5 to 10] % 10-20 % (43) The concentration would make Veba/Degussa the market leader in PMMA in the Community. Along- side the parties there are several competitors which are comparable to Veba/Degussa as regards their backward integration and their financial strength. The present market leader, AtoHaas, also has a market share which is not much lower than that of the parties’. Furthermore, PMMA can be replaced by other transparent plastics in some uses at least, which also generates a measure of competitive pressure. Thus the concentration, even assuming an independent market for PMMA, would not create a dominant position here. (44) The concentration would not lead, either, to the creation of an oligopoly by Veba/Degussa and Ato/ Haas on the market for PMMA. The combined market share of Veba/Degussa and Ato/Haas would be above 55 %. However, the market is not very transparent. PMMA is produced and sold in the quality of different forms and qualities. According to the Commission’s enquiries, many customers have stated that the product and the service are as important as the price. The barriers to market entry are low. This is confirmed by the successful market entry of east European and East Asian producers in the last five years (in particular, Agrobiochem, Bulgaria and Chimei Corp. , Taiwan and Lucky, South Korea). For these reasons, the concentration is not expected to lead to a dominant oligopoly on the market for PMMA. 4. Acrylate-based PVC processing additives (45) The market in acrylate-based PVC processing addi- tives has a volume of only about 30 000 tonnes in the EEA as a whole, and a value of well below ECU 100 million. According to the Commission’s enquiries, the parties will have a joint market share L 201/108 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 7. 98 of about [15 to 30] % after the merger (Veba [0 to 10] %, Degussa ca. [15 to 25] %. The clear market leader is Rohm & Haas, with a market share of [55 to 70] %. The only other competitor with a market share of over 10 % is Kaneka (about [10 to 15] %. Thus the concentration would not confer a domi- nant position on the parties. In view of the fact that market structure would be changed very little, there is no reason to expect that the concentration would create or strengthen a dominant position held jointly by the parties and Rohm & Haas. 5. Organosilanes (46) (47) In organofunctional silanes, H(cid:129)ls operates only in the ‘non-rubber' branch, where it has a share of the EEA market of [40 to 50] %, while Degussa, with a market share of less than 1 %, does practically no business. In the ‘rubber' applications, Degussa is very strong. Until 1990, it had a patent on the sulphur-func- tional silanes used here, and still holds the market share of [>75] % that it had before. H(cid:129)ls does no business in this area. According to information supplied by the parties, which is confirmed by customers, the main competitor in rubber applica- tions is Witco/Osi, with a market share of about 18 %. Witco has been offering sulphur-functional silanes only since 1996. (48) As the parties operate on only one market each, the concentration would not lead to any addition of the shares. And, given the fact market customers are different, there is no need to fear a portfolio effect. that (49) On the market silanes, in alkyl the parties’ combined market share is less than 15 %. The clear market leader is Wacker, with a market share of about [50 to 60] %. Thus the concentration would not create a dominant position here. 6. Silicon tetrachloride (50) Degussa uses its entire output of silicon tetra- chloride in Antwerp as a raw material for fumed silica. Veba/H(cid:129)ls supplies mainly to Cabot H(cid:129)ls and Degussa in an integrated operation for the production of fumed silica. Other producers are Wacker, which processes it into fumed silica, and in an integrated fumed silica operation. Dow, the Because of is geographic market confined to the place of production, so that the concentration will not lead to any addition of market shares. transporting it, in silicon tetrachloride the difficulty of 7. Fumed Silica (51) (52) Fumed silica is generally produced in a closed circuit, in which the supplier of the raw material, silicon tetrachloride or trichlorsilane, recycles the hydrochloric acid resulting from the production of fumed silica. The supplier of the raw material needs the hydrochloric acid for the production of the raw material, that is to say in the hydrochlor- ination of silicon metal. This means that the fumed silica producer must either cooperate closely with another firm or integrate the upstream stage into his operation. In the EEA and throughout the world, the market in fumed silica is highly concentrated. There are three producers in Europe: Degussa, Cabot and Wacker. In the United States of America fumed silica is produced by Cabot and Degussa, in Japan by Tokuyama Soda and Nippon Aerosil, which is a Degussa and Mitsubishi joint venture. Other produ- cers, such as Oriana in Ukraine, are of no great importance. Sales of fumed silica in the EEA amount to about ECU 160 million. According to the Commission’s enquiries, Degussa has a market share of about [50 to 60] % in the Community, Wacker has [15 to 25] %, and Cabot [25 to 35] %. (53) Degussa has production facilities in Rheinfelden and Antwerp. Production of the raw material is integrated into the Antwerp operation, and, after the take-over by H(cid:129)ls, Degussa’s Rheinfelden operation will be integrated too. Wacker has production facilities in Burghausen and Kempten, and is likewise integrated with respect to the raw material. Cabot has a production plant in Barry, Wales, where the raw material is supplied by Dow Corning. (54) In Rheinfelden, Cabot produces fumed silica in a joint venture with H(cid:129)ls, Cabot H(cid:129)ls GmbH. The raw materials are supplied by H(cid:129)ls, and H(cid:129)ls takes the hydrochloric acid by-product from the joint venture. H(cid:129)ls also supplies a variety of services such as waste disposal, works protection and fire- fighting. Under the joint venture agreement Cabot and H(cid:129)ls have equal voting rights. The general meeting of shareholders takes decisions by unani- mous vote on real property, longer-term lease agreements, cooperation with other enterprises, agreements on industrial property rights, the budget, borrowing, and agreements on the supply or sale of the products produced by Cabot/H(cid:129)ls. H(cid:129)ls and Cabot each appoint a manager. The two managers are responsible for different areas. That to the manager appointed by H(cid:129)ls reports 17. 7. 98 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 201/109 (55) appointed by Cabot. Profits and losses of the joint venture are shared between Cabot and H(cid:129)ls. According to a supply contract between Cabot H(cid:129)ls and Cabot, Cabot/H(cid:129)ls is obliged to supply certain the minimum quantities to Cabot; entire production of Cabot/H(cid:129)ls is sold to Cabot. The purchase price is linked to Cabot’s average selling price for fumed silica. in practice, Veba, through its stake in the joint venture Cabot/ H(cid:129)ls, has an interest in one of the two production plants operated by Degussa’s biggest competitor in Europe, so that if Veba takes over Degussa the concentration will confer a dominant position on Veba/Degussa on the market in fumed silica. Degussa is the clear market leader in Europe with a market share of 50 to 60 %. As a result of the joint venture operated by Cabot and Veba there will be a structural link between them which would signifi- cantly weaken the position of Cabot as an indepen- dent competitor. As a result of the contractual rela- tions between Veba and Cabot/H(cid:129)ls, Veba/Degussa would always be informed about the pricing behav- iour of Cabot on the market for fumed silica and could adapt its pricing behaviour accordingly. The already existing level of transparency of the market resulting from the homogeneity of the product would therefore be considerably increased by the concentration. The fact through the Cabot-H(cid:129)ls joint venture profits transfer arrange- ment, will benefit directly from a higher price level for the fumed silica sold by Cabot would also obstruct price competition between Cabot and Veba/Degussa. The market position of the remaining competitor, Wacker, would no longer be sufficient to generate effective competitive pressure and to prevent Veba/Degussa from acting indepen- dently of customers and competitors on the market. Buyers of fumed silica have therefore for the most part been critical of the merger between Veba and Degussa, assuming that Veba is to main- tain its links in a joint venture with an important competitor. In addition, there are major barriers to the entry of new competitors onto the market, as the investment required to set up a new fumed silica plant is very heavy, and the specific process requires a supply of raw materials and an outlet for hydrochloric acid. No new competitor has entered the market in the last five years. that Veba, (57) (58) management rights to a neutral and independent trustee. The appointment of the trustee must be approved by the Commission. The trustee will be given an irrevocable mandate to dispose of Veba’s to a buyer shares by [. ] at which does not belong either to the Veba group or to the Degussa group, which has no holding in either Veba or Degussa, and with which there is no relevant cross-tenure of directorships. the latest The Commission takes the view that the promise of a legal separation between Veba and the joint venture Cabot H(cid:129)ls prevents the creation of a by Veba/Degussa. Cabot dominant continues to be an independent competitor with Veba/Degussa. This assessment is shared by the buyers who expressed criticism of the concentra- tion. position justify the conclusion that The fact that H(cid:129)ls will go on supplying Cabot with raw materials (silicon tetrachloride and trichlorsi- lane) and that Cabot will go on supplying H(cid:129)ls with hydrochloric acid resulting from the produc- tion does not the companies will not behave as competitors on the market. The mutual supply results from the closed loop situation which is specific to the production as it has been described by the parties. It will also be necessary in the future in order to allow Cabot to remain as an independent competitor on the market. Therefore, the Commission assumes that H(cid:129)ls will supply Cabot with raw materials in the future. The Commission has been informed of a supply agreement to be entered into which will maintain the continuing competitiveness of the plants. The fact that H(cid:129)ls has in the past supplied both the joint venture Cabot H(cid:129)ls and Degussa with raw materials has according to the Commis- sion’s enquiries not prevented Cabot and H(cid:129)ls from behaving independently on the market. Furthermore, Cabot is not unilaterally dependent on H(cid:129)ls, as H(cid:129)ls is at the same time dependent on supplies of hydrochloric acid by Cabot. Further- more, Cabot is supplied independently from H(cid:129)ls in its works in Barry. (59) To enable the Commission to verify that this undertaking is complied with, Veba should be required to report to the Commission at the begin- ning of every month on the steps it has taken to give effect to the undertaking. (56) In order to overcome the Commission’s concerns, Veba has given an undertaking to dispose of its stake in Cabot H(cid:129)ls GmbH by [. ] at the latest to a competitor which does not belong either to the Veba group or to the Degussa group, or in which Veba and/or Degussa have no interest, and with which there is no relevant interlocking of directorships. If there has been no such disposal by its voting and that date, Veba will transfer all 8. Diamines/polyamines (60) According to information supplied by the parties, the total volume of the market in diamines and polyamines in the Community is about 31 800 tonnes, or about ECU 116 million. The market shares break down roughly as follows: L 201/110 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 7. 98 Veba/H(cid:129)ls Degussa Veba and Degussa BASF Bayer Others Market share EEA 1996 [20 to 30] % [5 to 10] % [25 to 35] % [20 to 30] % [15 to 25] % 20 to 30 % (61) Therefore, the concentration will not create a dominant position in the market for diamines/polyamines. Alongside the strong competitors BASF and Bayer there are other smaller suppliers. There is no evidence to suggest a dominant oligopoly consisting of the parties, BASF and Bayer. Diamines are not homogeneous products; each of the leading producers offers its own range, using different chemical bases. Therefore the prices of different types of diamine differ, too. 9. Reagents for the production of cationic starch (62) This market is small: the market volume in the EEA, including captive use and finished reagents, is between 25 000 and 30 000 tonnes, and excluding captive use and finished reagents it is about 10 000 to 15 000 tonnes. The market shares break down roughly as follows: Veba/Servo Degussa Veba and Degussa CFZ Others Market share EEA 1996 [15 to 20] % [17 to 23] % [35 to 40] % [25 to 35] % [30 to 40] % (63) for There are other smaller suppliers of starch reagents too. Two producers, Raisio and Roquette, make the production of cationic starch reagents mainly or entirely for their own use. But is conceivable that increase or begin they might production for sales to outsiders if market condi- tions are attractive enough. Since 1995 the US company Dow has entered the market, with a market share that is still low, but rising. Thus the concentration would neither create a dominant position nor would it lead to oligopolistic dom- inance. it (64) In the case of finished reagents there is no addition of market shares, and consequently no strength- ening of Degussa’s market position, as H(cid:129)ls/Servo does not operate in this area. VI. CONCLUSION (65) competition would For these reasons, then, it can be concluded that, provided the undertaking given by Veba (see recital 56) is fulfilled, the concentration will not create or strengthen a dominant position as a result of which effective significantly impeded in the common market or in a substantial part of it. In order to enable the Commission to verify the fulfilment of the condition, Veba should be required to report to the Commission on compliance with the condition. The concentration should accordingly be declared compatible with the be common market pursuant to Article 2(2) of the Merger Regulation and pursuant to Article 57 of the EEA Agreement, HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION: Article 1 The concentration between Veba and Degussa is hereby declared compatible with the common market and with the EEA Agreement, subject to compliance with the condition set out in Article 2. Article 2 This decision is subject complies with the following undertakings: to the condition that Veba (a) Veba’s stake in Cabot H(cid:129)ls GmbH shall be sold by [. ] at the latest to a buyer which does not belong either to the Veba group or to the Degussa group, or in which Veba and/or Degussa have no interest, and with which there is no relevant cross- tenure of directorships. (b) If there has been no such disposal as referred to in point (a) by the date given there, Veba shall transfer all its voting and management rights to a neutral and independent trustee. The appointment of the trustee shall be approved by the Commission. 17. 7. 98 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 201/111 (c) The trustee shall be given an irrevocable mandate to dispose of Veba’s shares by [. ] at the latest to a buyer which does not belong either to the Veba group or to the Degussa group, which has no capital holding in either Veba or Degussa, and with which there is no relevant cross-tenure of directorships. Article 4 This Decision is addressed to: Veba AG Bennigsenplatz 1 D-40474 D(cid:129)sseldorf. Article 3 Done at Brussels, 3 December 1997. Veba is hereby instructed to report to the Commission at the beginning of every month on the steps taken to give effect to the undertaking described in Article 2. For the Commission Karel VAN MIERT Member of the Commission


title: 97/849/EY: Komission päätös, tehty 3 päivänä joulukuuta 1997, Italian esittämästä moottoriajoneuvojen ja niiden perävaunujen tyyppihyväksyntää koskevan jäsenvaltioiden lainsäädännön lähentämisestä annetun neuvoston direktiivin 70/156/ETY 8 artiklan 2 kohdan c alakohdan mukaista poikkeusta koskevasta pyynnöstä (Ainoastaan italiankielinen teksti on todistusvoimainen)


title: 97/848/CE: Decisión de la Comisión de 3 de diciembre de 1997 sobre la solicitud de exención presentada por Alemania en virtud de la letra c) del apartado 2 del artículo 8 de la Directiva 70/156/CEE del Consejo relativa a la aproximación de las legislaciones de los Estados miembros sobre la homologación de vehículos de motor y de sus remolques (El texto en lengua alemana es el único auténtico)

eurovoc_concepts:
Germany
approximation of laws
commercial vehicle
derogation from EU law
glass
motor vehicle


eurovoc_concepts:
air quality
aircraft
common transport policy
environmental protection
oxide

text: C 108/14 FI Euroopan yhteisöjen virallinen lehti 7. 4. 98 Ehdotus neuvoston direktiiviksi siviilikäytössä olevien ääntä hitaammin lentävien suihkukoneiden typen oksidien päästöjen rajoittamisesta (98/C 108/04) KOM(97) 629 lopull. — 97/0349 (SYN) (Komission esittämä 22 päivänä tammikuuta 1998) EUROOPAN UNIONIN NEUVOSTO, joka ottaa huomioon Euroopan yhteisön perustamissopimuk- sen ja erityisesti sen 84 artiklan 2 kohdan, ottaa huomioon komission ehdotuksen, ottaa huomioon talous- ja sosiaalikomitean lausunnon, toimii yhdessä Euroopan parlamentin kanssa perustamis- sopimuksen 189 c artiklassa määrättyä menettelyä nou- dattaen, sekä katsoo, että neuvoston hyväksymässä komission tiedonannossa Eu- roopan ilma-alusteollisuus: ensimmäinen arviointi ja mah- dolliset yhteisön toimenpiteet (1) osoitetaan selvästi tarve ratkaista ympäristöongelmat, jotka rajoittavat ilmailuteol- lisuuden kasvua tulevaisuudessa, komission tiedonannossa Vihreä kirja liikenteen vaiku- tuksesta ympäristöön: yhteisön strategia ”kestävää liikku- vuutta” varten (2) korostetaan kasvavaa huolta typen oksidien (NOx) päästöistä suurissa korkeuksissa, ja komission tiedonannossa Yhteisen liikennepolitiikan ke- hittämisen tulevaisuus: maailmanlaajuinen lähestymistapa yhteisön kestävän kehityksen puitejärjestelmän rakenta- miseen (3) ilmaistaan selvästi tarve asettaa asteittain tiuk- kenevia standardeja eri liikennealojen kaasupäästöille, ja sen toimintaohjelmassa on erityisesti entistä tiukemmat NOx-päästöstandardit lentokoneille, päästöstandardien soveltaminen siviilikäytössä oleviin ääntä hitaampiin suihkukoneisiin vaikuttaa huomatta- vasti lentoliikennepalvelujen tarjoamiseen erityisesti sil- loin, kun näillä standardeilla rajoitetaan lentokonetyyp- pejä, joita lentoyhtiöt voivat käyttää, ja kannustetaan sijoittamaan uusimpiin ja vähiten saastuttaviin saatavilla oleviin lentokoneisiin, Euroopan yhteisöjen yhteisöjen ympäristöön ja kestävään kehitykseen liittyvää politiikkaa ja toimintaa koskevassa ohjelmassa ”kohti kestävää kehitystä” (4) osoitetaan sel- västi ilman pilaantumisongelman tärkeys ja erityisesti tarve toteuttaa toimia ilmakehän suojelemiseksi, ilma-alusten troposfäärin yläosassa aiheuttamat NOx- päästöt vaikuttavat otsonin muodostumiseen, ja ylem- mässä troposfäärissä oleva otsoni lisää osaltaan kasvihuo- neilmiötä; tutkimustyöllä pyritään edelleen ilmaisemaan määrällisesti ja kuvaamaan täsmällisemmin lentokoneiden NOx-päästöjen vaikutusta stratosfäärissä olevaan otsoniin ja ilmastoon, ilmaliikenteen on ennustettu kaksinkertaistuvan vuoteen 2010 mennessä, ja ilman tiukempaa valvontaa NOx- päästöt lisääntyvät vastaavasti, useimmissa nykyaikaisissa lentokoneiden moottoreissa voidaan jo nyt saavuttaa huomattavia NOx-päästöjen parannuksia, ennalta varautumisen periaate edellyttää, että lentokonei- den NOx-päästöjen vaikutuksia koskevia tieteellisiä lisä- tietoja odotettaessa näiden päästöjen lisääntymisnopeutta olisi vähennettävä ottamalla käyttöön standardeja, jotka ovat johdonmukaisia uusien teknologioiden suoritusky- vyn kanssa aiheuttamatta ylenmääräisiä kuluja, kansainvälinen siviili-ilmailujärjestö (ICAO) muutti mar- raskuussa 1993 siviililentokoneiden kaasupäästöihin so- joka sisältyy kansainvälisen vellettavaa standardiaan, siviili-ilmailun yleissopimuksen (toinen painos, heinäkuu 1993) liitteessä 16 olevaan II niteen III osan 2 lukuun, lisäämällä siihen 20 prosentin vähennyksen NOx-päästö- jen määrättyyn tasoon; tässä vähennyksessä ei oteta huo- mioon ennustettua liikenteen kasvua eikä teknisiä mah- dollisuuksia, ICAO:n ilmailun ympäristönsuojelukomitea joulukuussa 1995 pitämässään kolmannessa kokouksessa (CAEP/3) suositteli käytettävissä olevan tieteellisen ja teknisen tie- don perusteella NOx-päästöstandardin tiukentamista edelleen 16 prosentilla, jotta ympäristöä voitaisiin suo- jella riittävästi ilmailuliikenteen lisääntyessä, ja (1) KOM(92) 164 lopullinen, 29. 4. 1992. (2) KOM(92) 46 lopullinen, 20. 2. 1992. (3) KOM(92) 494 lopullinen, 2. 12. 1992. (4) EYVL C 138, 17. 5. 1993, s. 5. 7. 4. 98 FI Euroopan yhteisöjen virallinen lehti C 108/15 kansainvälisten toimien puuttuessa yhteisön on aiheellista ja perusteltua ottaa käyttöön toimenpiteitä NOx-päästö- jen vähentämiseksi yhdenmukaisesti CAEP/3:n suositus- ten kanssa, siinä määrin kuin nämä toimenpiteet eivät aiheuta tarpeettomia esteitä kansainväliselle kaupalle; tämän vuoksi yhteisössä olisi otettava käyttöön tiukem- mat päästöstandardit rekisteröintikiellolla, joka ei vaikuta kolmansiin maihin sijoittautuneisiin lentoyhtiöihin, ON ANTANUT TÄMÄN DIREKTIIVIN: 1 artikla Tämän direktiivin tarkoitus on antaa säännöt tiettyjen siviilikäytössä olevien ääntä hitaammin lentävien suihku- koneiden tulevan rekisteröinnin rajoittamiseksi jäsenval- tioissa typen oksidien (NOx) kokonaispäästöjen vähentä- miseksi. 2 artikla Jäsenvaltioiden on varmistettava, että siviilikäytössä ole- via ääntä hitaammin lentäviä suihkukoneita, joiden moot- torin tyypin tai ensimmäisen yksittäisen tuotantomallin valmistuspäivä on 31 päivän joulukuuta 1999 jälkeen tai joiden moottorin valmistuspäivä on 31 päivän joulukuuta 2007 jälkeen, ei kirjata niiden rekisteriin, elleivät mootto- rit ole sellaisia, että niiden NOx-päästöt eivät ylitä määri- teltyä säädettyä tasoa, joka on mitattu ja laskettu kan- sainvälisen siviili-ilmailun yleissopimuksen (toinen painos, heinäkuu 1993) liitteessä 16 olevan II niteen III osan 2 luvun menettelyjen mukaisesti. 3 artikla 4 artikla 1. Jäsenvaltioiden on annettava ja julkaistava tämän direktiivin noudattamisen edellyttämät säännökset ennen 30 päivää kesäkuuta 1999. Niiden on ilmoitettava tästä komissiolle viipymättä. Jäsenvaltioiden on sovellettava näitä säännöksiä 31 päivästä joulukuuta 1999. Näissä jäsenvaltioiden antamissa säännöksissä on viitat- tava tähän direktiiviin tai niitä virallisesti julkaistaessa niihin on liitettävä viittaus tähän direktiiviin. Jäsenvaltioi- den on säädettävä siitä, miten viittaukset tehdään. Jäsenvaltioiden on toimitettava tässä direktiivissä 2. tarkoitetuista kysymyksistä antamansa kansalliset sään- nökset kirjallisina komissiolle. 5 artikla Jäsenvaltioiden on säädettävä seuraamusjärjestelmästä, jota sovelletaan tämän direktiivin täytäntöönpanemiseksi annettujen kansallisten säännösten rikkomiseen, ja toteu- tettava seuraamusten täytäntöönpanon varmistamiseksi kaikki tarvittavat toimenpiteet. Säädettyjen seuraamusten on oltava tehokkaita, suhteutettuja ja varoittavia. Jäsen- valtioiden on ilmoitettava nämä säännökset komissiolle viimeistään 4 artiklassa tarkoitettuna päivänä ja kaikki niiden muutokset mahdollisimman pian. 6 artikla Tämä direktiivi tulee voimaan kahdentenakymmenentenä päivänä sen jälkeen, kun se on julkaistu Euroopan yhtei- söjen virallisessa lehdessä. Komissio antaa viimeistään neljän vuoden kuluttua tämän direktiivin täytäntöönpanosta neuvostolle kerto- muksen nykyisin käynnissä olevien tutkimusten tuloksista ja arviosta lentokoneiden NOx-päästöjen kehityksestä. 7 artikla Tämä direktiivi on osoitettu kaikille jäsenvaltioille. C 108/16 FI Euroopan yhteisöjen virallinen lehti 7. 4. 98 LIITE Kaavat 2 artiklassa tarkoitettujen säädettyjen tasojen määrittämiseksi 1. Moottorit, joiden suurin sallittu työntövoima on suurempi kuin 89,0 kN: Dp/F00 = 19 + 1,6 (cid:240) 00 2. Moottorit, joiden suurin sallittu työntövoima on suurempi kuin 26,7 kN mutta enintään 89,0 kN: Dp/F00 = 37,572 + 1,6 (cid:240) 00 − 0,2087 F00 Dp F00 (cid:240) 00 on minkä tahansa ilmaan päässeen kaasumaisen pilaantumista aiheuttavan aineen massa laskeutu- mis- ja lentoonlähtöjakson viitepäästöissä, on nimellisteho ja on vertailupainesuhde. Mainitut symbolit määritellään kansainvälisen siviili-ilmailun yleissopimuksen (toinen painos, heinäkuu 1993) liitteessä 16 olevan II niteen I kosan 1 luvussa


title: KOMMISSIONENS FORORDNING (EF) Nr. 2400/97 af 3. december 1997 om fastsættelse af de repræsentative priser og størrelsen af tillægsimporttolden for melasse i sektoren for sukker