title: Regulamento (CE) n.o 214/1999 do Conselho de 25 de Janeiro de 1999 que altera o Regulamento (CE) n.o 1901/98 relativo à proibição de voos de transportadoras jugoslavas entre a República Federativa da Jugoslávia e a Comunidade Europeia

eurovoc_concepts:
Yugoslavia
air space
air transport
carrier
international sanctions
trade restriction

text: L 23/6 PT Jornal Oficial das Comunidades Europeias 30. 1. 1999 I (Actos cuja publica(cid:135)(cid:209)o (cid:130) uma condi(cid:135)(cid:209)o da sua aplicabilidade) REGULAMENTO (CE) Nº 214/1999 DO CONSELHO de 25 de Janeiro de 1999 que altera o Regulamento (CE) nº 1901/98 relativo (cid:133) proibi(cid:135)(cid:209)o de voos de trans- portadoras jugoslavas entre a Rep(cid:156)blica Federativa da Jugosl(cid:145)via e a Comunidade Europeia O CONSELHO DA UNI(cid:212)O EUROPEIA, Tendo em conta o Tratado que institui a Comunidade Europeia, e, nomeadamente o seu artigo 228ºA, Tendo em conta a Posi(cid:135)(cid:209)o Comum 98/426/PESC, de 29 de Junho de 1998, definida pelo Conselho com base no artigo J. 2 Tratado da Uni(cid:209)o Europeia, sobre a proibi(cid:135)(cid:209)o de voos de transportadoras jugoslavas entre a Rep(cid:156)blica Federativa da Jugosl(cid:145)via e a Comunidade Europeia (1), Considerando que, desde a adop(cid:135)(cid:209)o do referido regula- mento, o Governo de Montenegro manifestou interesse em que fossem concedidas licen(cid:135)as para outros voos efec- tuados pela Montenegro Airlines entre Montenegro e a Comunidade tendo apresentado (cid:133) Comiss(cid:209)o elementos de prova concludente de que essas licen(cid:135)as n(cid:209)o beneficiar(cid:209)o, directa ou indirectamente, as autoridades da S(cid:130)rvia ou da Rep(cid:156)blica Federativa da Jugosl(cid:145)via, Tendo em conta a proposta da Comiss(cid:209)o, ADOPTOU O PRESENTE REGULAMENTO: Considerando que o Conselho adoptou o Regulamento (CE) nº 1901/98, de 7 de Setembro de 1998, relativo (cid:133) proibi(cid:135)(cid:209)o de voos de transportadoras jugoslavas entre a Rep(cid:156)blica Federativa da Jugosl(cid:145)via e a Comunidade Euro- peia (2); Considerando que, mais recentemente, nas conclus(cid:210)es de 26 de Outubro de 1998, o Conselho manifestou o desejo de evitar ou atenuar os efeitos negativos em Montenegro das san(cid:135)(cid:210)es impostas (cid:133) Rep(cid:156)blica Federativa da Jugosl(cid:145)via e/ou (cid:133) S(cid:130)rvia; Considerando que, por essa raz(cid:209)o e com base nas infor- ma(cid:135)(cid:210)es dispon(cid:146)veis, o Conselho decidiu conceder uma derroga(cid:135)(cid:209)o das san(cid:135)(cid:210)es previstas no Regulamento (CE) nº 1901/98 (cid:133) Montenegro Airlines no que respeita (cid:133)s licen(cid:135)as de voos charter entre Lipsia e Tivat; Considerando que, nas conclus(cid:210)es de 6 de Dezembro de 1998, o Conselho instruiu os seus organismos compe- tentes para, com base numa proposta da Comiss(cid:209)o, estu- darem as possibilidades de concess(cid:209)o (cid:133) Montenegro Airlines de derroga(cid:135)(cid:210)es em rela(cid:135)(cid:209)o (cid:133) proibi(cid:135)(cid:209)o de voos de transportadoras jugoslavas; (1) JO L 190 de 4. 7. 1998, p. 3. (2) JO L 248 de 8. 9. 1998, p. 1. Artigo 1º No artigo 3º do Regulamento (CE) nº 1901/98, a al(cid:146)nea b) do nº 1 passa a ter a seguinte redac(cid:135)(cid:209)o: «b) As licen(cid:135)as de voos charter individuais ou em s(cid:130)rie efectuados pela Montenegro Airlines entre Montenegro e a Comunidade Europeia, desde que o Governo de Montenegro apresente (cid:133) Comiss(cid:209)o a pedido desta (cid:156)ltima, provas concludentes de que nem as autoridades s(cid:130)rvias nem as autoridades federativas jugoslavas beneficiar(cid:209)o, directa ou indi- rectamente, dos resultantes das rendimentos licen(cid:135)as referidas na presente al(cid:146)nea. Se este requi- sito deixar de ser preenchido, a Comiss(cid:209)o publi- car(cid:145) a respectiva notifica(cid:135)(cid:209)o oficial no Jornal Oficial. ». Artigo 2º O presente regulamento entra em vigor na data da sua publica(cid:135)(cid:209)o no Jornal Oficial das Comunidades Euro- peias. 30. 1. 1999 PT Jornal Oficial das Comunidades Europeias L 23/7 O presente regulamento (cid:130) obrigat(cid:155)rio em todos os seus elementos e directamente aplic(cid:145)vel em todos os Estados-membros. Feito em Bruxelas, em 25 de Janeiro de 1999. Pelo Conselho O Presidente J. FISCHER


title: 1999/167/EC: Council Decision of 25 January 1999 adopting a specific programme for research, technological development and demonstration on quality of life and management of living resources (1998 to 2002)

eurovoc_concepts:
EU programme
management of resources
natural resources
quality of life
research programme
technological change

formats: html pdf print

text: 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/1 II (Acts whose publication is not obligatory) COUNCIL COUNCIL DECISION of 25 January 1999 adopting a specific programme for research, technological development and demonstration on quality of life and management of living resources (1998 to 2002) (1999/167/EC) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 130i(4) thereof, Having regard Commission (1), to the proposal from the Having regard to the opinion of Parliament (2), the European Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (3), of fifth framework programme (1) Whereas by Decision No 182/1999/EC (4), the European Parliament and the Council adopted the the European Community (hereinafter referred to as the fifth framework programme) for research, technological development and demonstration (hereinafter activities for the period 1998 to 20002 setting out the general outlines and scientific and technological objectives of the activities to be carried out in the field of quality of life and management of living resources; referred to as RTD) (2) Whereas Article 130i(3) of the Treaty stipulates shall be programmes that implemented programme specific framework through the (1) OJ C 260, 18. 8. 1998, p. 1. (2) Opinion delivered on 15 December 1998 (not yet published in the Official Journal). (3) OJ C 407, 28. 12. 1998, p. 123. (4) OJ L 26, 1. 2. 1999, p. 1. developed within each activity under the framework programme, and that each specific programme shall define the detailed rules for implementing it, fix its duration and provide for the means deemed necessary; (3) Whereas, research, technological development in accordance with Article 4(2) of Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of and demonstration (1994 to 1998) (5) and Article 4(2) of specific programmes implementing the fourth framework programme, the Commission has arranged for an external assessment to be conducted which it has transmitted to the European Parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions together with its conclusions and comments; the Council Decisions on the (4) Whereas, in accordance with Article 130j of the 1999/65/EC of Treaty, Council Decision 22 December 1998 concerning the rules for the participation of undertakings, research centres and universities and for the dissemination of research results for the implementation of the the European fifth framework programme of (hereinafter Community for participation referred to as rules to this and dissemination’) applies specific rules allow the these programme; whereas (1998 to 2002) (6) (cid:28)the (5) OJ L 126, 18. 5. 1994, p. 1. Decision as last amended by Decision No 2535/97/EC (OJ L 347, 18. 12. 1997, p. 1). (6) OJ L 26, 1. 2. 1999, p. 46. L 64/2 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 participation of the Joint Research Centre in the indirect specific covered programme; actions this by (5) Whereas, for the purpose of implementing this programme, in addition to cooperation covered by the Agreement on the European Economic Area or by an Association Agreement, it may be international engage appropriate cooperation activities, in particular on the basis of Article 130m of the Treaty, with third countries or international organisations; to in (6) Whereas implementation of this programme will also comprise activities and mechanisms aimed stimulating, disseminating and exploiting at in particular vis-a` -vis small and RTD results, medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and activities to stimulate the mobility and training of researchers; it that is and important user the scientific, (7) Whereas industrial should contribute substantially to the definition of activities to be undertaken and should be involved, as appropriate, in the implementation of this programme; communities (8) Whereas fifth research activities under framework programme should also be geared towards innovation in order to contribute, inter alia, to the objectives of the first action plan for innovation; the (9) Whereas special emphasis should be placed on encouraging the participation of SMEs; (10) Whereas the equal opportunities policy of the Community must be taken into account in the implementation of this programme; (11) Whereas efficient and transparent management contributes to a more effective and user-friendly programme; (12) Whereas administrative expenditure should be included in the Community budget in a transparent fashion; (13) Whereas the implementation of this programme should be monitored with a view to adapting it, where appropriate, to scientific and technological developments; whereas there should also be an assessment of progress with the programme by independent experts; in due course (14) Whereas the Scientific and Technical Research Committee has been consulted on the scientific and specific content programmes, technological the of HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION: Article 1 In accordance with Article 3(1) of the fifth framework programme, the specific programme on quality of life (hereinafter and management of referred to as the specific programme) is adopted for the period from 25 January 1999 to 31 December 2002. living resources Article 2 In accordance with Annex III to the fifth 1. framework programme, the amount deemed necessary for carrying out the specific programme is EUR 2 413 million, the Commission’s administrative expenditure. including a maximum of 6,5 % for An indicative breakdown of this amount is given in Annex I. 2. Of the amount in paragraph 1 — EUR 553 million is for the period 1998 to 1999, and — EUR 1 860 million is for the period 2000 to 2002. In the case referred to in Article 2(1)(c) of the fifth framework programme, the Council shall adapt the latter figure in accordance with Article 2(1)(c), second indent of the fifth framework programme. Pending a decision by the Council, this specific programme shall not be implemented beyond the provision of the first indent. The budgetary authority shall, 3. in compliance with the scientific and technological objectives and priorities the laid down in this Decision, appropriations for each financial year taking into account resources within the multiannual financial perspective. the availability of set Article 3 the The general outlines, and 1. for the technological objectives and the priorities specific programme are set out in Annex II. They are consistent with the principles and the three categories of selection criteria indicated in Annex I to the fifth framework programme. scientific 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/3 2. In accordance with these principles and criteria the selection criteria indicated in Article 10 of the rules for participation and dissemination shall be applied for the selection of the RTD activities to be carried out. In addition, any participation of industrial entities in industrially-orientated shared-cost actions should, as a general rule, be appropriate to the nature and purpose of the activity. All these criteria shall be complied with in the implementation of the programme, including the work programme referred to in Article 5(1), although they may be weighted differently. The rules for participation and dissemination 3. shall apply to the specific programme. 4. The detailed rules for financial participation by the Community in the specific programme are those the fifth framework referred to in Article 4 of programme. indirect RTD actions The specific programme are defined in Annexes II and IV to the fifth framework programme. under the Specific rules for implementing the programme are set out in Annex III to this Decision. Article 4 In the light of the criteria referred to in Article 3, and the and priorities set out in Annex II, the Commission: technological objectives scientific and (a) shall monitor, with appropriate assistance from independent external experts, the implementation of the specific programme and, where appopriate, for adapting it, submit proposals to Council the fifth in accordance with Article 5(1) of framework programme; in Article 5(2) of (b) shall arrange for the external assessment provided fifth framework conducted concerning the in the fields covered by for programme activities carried out the specific programme. to be the (b) the indicative timetable for the implementation of the specific programme; (c) the coordination arrangements set out in Annex III and arrangements to secure the objectives, related to innovation and the participation of SMEs, of the fifth framework programme; the third activity of (d) where necessary, the selection criteria and the arrangements for applying them for each type of indirect RTD action. The work programme shall 2. take account of relevant interests, in particular the scientific, industrial and user communities. It shall serve as a basis for implementing the indirect RTD actions according to the procedures set out in the rules for participation and dissemination. The work programme shall be updated where 3. appropriate and be made available by the Commission to all in a user-friendly form, including in electronic form. interested parties Article 6 The Commission shall be responsible for the 1. implementation of this specific programme. The procedure laid down in Article 7 shall apply 2. for the adoption of the following measures: — the drawing-up and updating of the work programme referred to in Article 5(1), including regarding the content of calls for proposals, — approval of RTD actions proposed for funding, including participation by entities from third the countries, where the estimated amount of Community contribution under this programme is equal to or more than EUR 0,8 million, — the drawing-up of the terms of reference for the external assessment provided for in Article 5(2) of the fifth framework programme, Article 5 — any adjustment to the indicative breakdown of the amount as set out in Annex I. The Commission shall draw up a work 1. programme specifiying: Article 7 (a) in greater detail, the objectives and RTD priorities of Annex II; The Commission 1. a programme committee (hereinafter referred to as (cid:28)the assisted shall by be L 64/4 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 composed of committee’) the Member States and chaired by the representative of the Commission. representatives of has not acted, the proposed measures shall be adopted by the Commission. In the cases referred to in Article 6(2), the Commission shall submit the 2. representative of to the committee a draft of measures to be taken. The committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft measures referred to above within a time limit which the Chairman may lay down according to the urgency of the matter. The opinion shall be delivered by the majority laid down in Article 148(2) of the Treaty in the case of decisions which the Council is required to adopt on a proposal from the Commission. The votes of the representatives of the Member States within the committee shall be weighted in the manner set out in that Article. The Chairman shall not vote. 3 (a) The Commission shall adopt the measures envisaged if they are in accordance with the opinion of the committee. (b) If the measures envisaged are not in accordance with the opinion of the committee, or if no opinion is delivered, the Commission shall, without delay, submit to the Council a proposal to be taken. The relating to the measures Council shall act by a qualified majority. If, on expiry of a period of nine weeks from the referral of the matter to the Council, the Council of the The Commission shall regularly inform the 4. the overall committee implementation of the specific programme, and shall in particular provide it with information about the progress of all RTD actions this programme. funded under progress of Article 8 programme, the the Commission In accordance with Article 5(4) of fifth shall framework regularly inform the Council and the European Parliament the implementation of the programme, including on the participation of SMEs and the simplification of admininistrative procedures. progress overall the of of Article 9 This Decision is addressed to the Member States. Done at Brussels, 25 January 1999. For the Council The President J. FISCHER 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/5 ANNEX I INDICATIVE BREAKDOWN OF THE AMOUNT DEEMED NECESSARY Type of activity (million EUR) Amount (a) Key actions (i) Food, nutrition and health (ii) Control of infectious diseases (iii) The cell factory (iv) Environment and health (v) Sustainable forestry development of rural areas including mountain areas agriculture, fisheries and and integrated (vi) The ageing population and disabilities (b) Research and technological development activities of a generic nature (c) Support for research infrastructures 290 300 400 160 520 190 483 70 Total 2 413 L 64/6 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 ANNEX II THE GENERAL OUTLINES, THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL OBJECTIVES AND THE PRIORITIES INTRODUCTION Economic and political developments in Europe have globally resulted in greater prosperity, increased life expectancy and better working conditions. These improvements have, however, been accompanied by challenges such as higher healthcare costs, an ageing population, and environmental degradation and heightened ethical concerns. Increasingly, a gap is becoming evident between natural resources, whether from agriculture and fisheries, mining or the global environment, and human activities. Paradoxically, this has occurred at a time when there is an explosion in the knowledge base concerning the structure and working of all in the corresponding sectors, for example healthcare, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food, etc. living things, pointing towards new developments Europe has a strong tradition and an excellent record in research and application of life sciences and technologies. Furthermore, Europe provides a huge single market with a tradition of receptiveness for bio-based products. It has, therefore, the potential to address and solve major challenges such as a varied and safe food supply, affordable healthcare, better medicines, etc. The scientific basis on which living and natural materials are exploited for these ends is undergoing a dramatic change, in which the intimate and interactive workings of living beings are being revealed. With the progress of scientific knowledge in recent decades, one can now expect to probe more deeply the questions surrounding the production of food, the curing of diseases, and the sustainable management and use of biological resources. One can also anticipate clarifying their relationships with human behaviour and needs, industrial practices and consumer demands. The strategic objective of the programme is to link the ability to discover to the ability to produce, in order to address the needs of society and to meet the requirements of the consumer, leading to future wealth and job creation and improvements in the state of the environment. The strategy of this programme is to focus on specific areas where growing knowledge potentially contains technical answers to some of the pressing questions asked by the citizen which require to be tackled on a European scale. Fundamental ethical values must also be respected. The novelty of this approach is the willingness to couple the dynamics of massive knowledge production with few areas where there are expected to be desirable spin-offs, while pursuing the renewal of knowledge to reinforce European strengths in fields associated with further growth and quality of life. The proposed scientific and technological solutions should be seen as part of an integrated system approach, in which human beings are at the core of the issue of the quality of life and of the management of living resources. Six key actions have been identified in which European research should make a contribution, by way of innovative products, processes or services, to problem resolution. These key actions are targeted at socioeconomic needs and the Community’s policy objectives, for example in agriculture and fisheries, industry and consumers, and in the fields of health the programme where and environment. The gender dimension will be integrated throughout appropriate. They are supplemented with research and technological development activities of a generic nature as well as support to research infrastructures aiming at building up, in the longer term, the knowledge base in areas of strategic importance for the future. Meeting socioeconomic needs. On the demand side, research should be developed which promotes health, reconciles economic developments with environmental requirements, and improves the response to consumer needs. The exploitation of the results of the programme must take account of the socioeconomic dimension. On the supply side, there is huge potential for economic growth and job creation in this field, both in the traditional industries including primary production and in the nascent high technology industries. 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/7 Increasing European added-value. The major cross-border issues should be addressed selectively, such as health aspects of diseases (epidemiology, nutrition, food safety, ageing, including age-related disabilities and rare diseases), or transboundary resources management (terrestrial and aquatic living resources). Other areas such as drug abuse, biosafety or bioethics, involve the reinforcement of scientific bases in support of Community policies. Many of the activities to be addressed in the programme (e. g. genome research, neurosciences and technology assessment), due to their size and complexity, are only feasible if they are addressed at the European level. Improving European competitiveness. The programme will capitalise on specific scientific strengths in knowledge areas and in productive sectors with strong growth potential, such as the biotechnology and food industries. Thus, the heart of this programme, improving the quality of life, promoting life sciences and technologies and decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation, will contribute in the short and in the longer term to European competitiveness and employment. Europe must promote start-ups in particular in the areas of biotechnology and the agro-food industry which have recently shown a consistent growth rate. Promoting biosafety. The assessment of the behaviour and impact on human and animal health of recombinant organisms (e. g. transgenic plants, microorganisms, vaccines, etc. ) and of their fate in the environment, where relevant, is part of every key action. Respecting an ethical framework. Full respect of human rights and fundamental ethical principles will be ensured throughout all activities in the specific programme in accordance with Article 6 of the European Parliament and Council Decision on the fifth framework programme. These principles include animal welfare requirements in conformity with Community law. LINKS AND COMPLEMENTARITY WITH THE OTHER PROGRAMMES Coordination with other thematic programmes is based on promoting synergetic interactions and complementary activities and avoiding unnecessary duplication: — coordination with the specific programme on a user-friendly information society is based on the following principle: activities concerned with information society technologies as such (which include development, demonstration and take-up actions) will be concentrated in the user-friendly information society programme; activities concerned with the deployment, integration and adaptation of information society technologies in applications relating to the quality of life and the management of living resources will be conducted in this programme, — coordination with the programmes on competitive and sustainable growth and energy, environment and sustainable development is based on close interaction between the key action (cid:28)Food, nutrition and health’ of this programme and the key action (cid:28)Innovative products, processes and organisation’ of the programme on competitive and sustainable growth and the corresponding aspects of the programme on energy, environment and sustainable development. Similar interactions will be established between the key actions (cid:28)The cell factory’ and (cid:28)Sustainable agriculture, fisheries and forestry and integrated development of rural areas, including mountain areas’ with the relevant actions of the programmes on competitive and sustainable growth and energy, environment and sustainable development, — close coordination will be developed with the programme (cid:28)Confirming the international role of Community research’, in particular where collaboration with international initiatives could bring added-value to European RTD efforts, — full use will be made of the possibilities offered by COST and Eureka and by cooperation with international organisations to foster synergy between actions and projects in this programme and nationally funded research activities. In the case of cooperation with Eureka, projects corresponding to themes of common interest with the framework programme may be developed in the context of the key actions in conformity with the selection criteria and procedures of the framework programme, L 64/8 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 — specific activities aimed at facilitating the involvement of entities in third countries and maintaining links with specialists from third countries trained in Europe will be carried out, which will also contribute to the international dimension of the programme, — concerning innovation and the participation of SMEs, as new knowledge in the biosciences constantly drives innovation, research partnerships need to be flexible and inclusive. A competitive partnership requires a high level of interaction of biology, engineering, information management, standardisation, capital investment, intellectual property rights, etc. , which brings success only on a single-project basis. It will be imperative that measures to stimulate e. g. SMEs and financial partners accompany programme management for each individual action. An (cid:28)innovation unit’ will focus the promotion activities with a view to the deployment and use of the results of this programme; it will also help to ensure complementarity and an interface with the innovation activities implemented in the context of the programme on (cid:28)Innovation and participation of SMEs’, — improving the know-how, skills and qualifications of European researchers and the understanding of the socioeconomic impact of research in the fields covered by this programme is essential to ensure sufficient availability of appropriate expertise and to establish tangible and lasting impacts. Training and socioeconomic research will therefore form an integral part of this programme, complemented by appropriate links with the horizontal programme (cid:28)Improving the human research potential and the socioeconomic knowledge base’. Training activities in this programme will include support to fellowships, which will take the form of (cid:28)Marie Curie’ fellowships following the definitions and rules set out in the horizontal programme. (a) KEY ACTIONS (i) Food, nutrition and health O b j e c t i v e s a n d R T D p r i o r i t i e s The aim of this key action is to promote the development of knowledge, technologies and methods, including prenormative aspects, based on multidisciplinary approaches to produce a safe, healthy, balanced and varied food supply for consumers covering the whole food chain thereby promoting consumer protection and contributing to the fight against diseases related to food and the immense costs to health systems arising therefrom. The following scientific and technological objectives will be pursued: — development of safe and flexible and new and/or improved manufacturing processes and technologies. The aim is to improve the quality and consumer acceptability of food, while ensuring traceability of raw materials and final products. improved use of raw materials, production and processing and preservation RTD priorities: systems; development of fishery and aquaculture by-products and of poorly exploited species: quality and traceability of raw materials and food products in the food chain; minimal processing and process control; advanced food technologies and packaging systems; improvement of traditional technologies; quality monitoring and quality assurance, including the development of methods for measuring quality, functional and safe foods; use of food crops and of — development of tests to detect and processes to eliminate infectious and toxic agents throughout the food chain. Research will focus on the hazards of food contaminants, their exact origins and strategies for safer food production. RTD priorities: improved understanding and control of contamination conditions; rapid detection tests for pathogens, xenobiotics and hormones; new and safer methods of food production; new methodologies for accessing microbial, chemical and allergenic risks, 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/9 — research into the role of food in promoting and sustaining health with respect to diet and nutrition, toxicology, epidemiology, environmental interaction, consumer choice and public health. The aim is to reduce diet-related risk factors contributing to chronic disease and to develop new approaches for improved nutrition and more balanced diets. RTD priorities: the role and impact of food and diet on physiological functions, and physical and mental performance; the particular nutritional needs of defined population groups; links between diet and chronic disease and disorders including genetic factors involved; consumer attitudes and reactions with regard to food products, food-processing methods and labelling. (ii) Control of infectious diseases O b j e c t i v e s a n d R T D p r i o r i t i e s The overall goal of this key action is to combat established, emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases including zoonoses, linked to old, new or mutated agents in humans or animals. This would be achieved primarily by mixing complementary expertise in transdisciplinary projects, by linking these activities to national and international organisations, and by encouraging the interface between academic research, policy-makers, healthcare providers, including the interface between preclinical and clinical research, and the human and animal healthcare industry, pursuing the following scientific and technological objectives: — the development of improved or novel mono-component, multi-component and combined vaccines, especially against viral diseases, including the support of multicentre clinical trials. RTD priorities: vaccines against emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and other diseases related to infectious agents (e. g. some cancers) consistent with the relevant Community policy regarding the reduction and eventual replacement of animal testing; vaccines against animal pathogens; development of European networks for clinical and field trials of vaccines and drugs including, where necessary, better understanding of the immune system, — new and improved strategies to identify and control infectious diseases, directed at treatment and prevention and based on studies on pathogenesis, emergence of resistance and immunological control. RTD priorities: improved understanding of mechanisms of protection against infectious agents, of drug resistance and control of immunological responses; technologies for safer and more efficient vaccines and immunotherapy; including human behavoiur and new technologies such as xenotransplants influencing the spread of infectious diseases and development of new and resistant strains; development and validation of diagnostic tests; research to support the development of and early-warning system and response network for infectious diseases; improved methodologies for early and accurate detection of adverse reactions to drugs and vaccines, specific risk factors, — aspects connected with public-health, healthcare and care-delivery systems, notably management, prevention and surveillance, behavioural aspects and response to infectious diseases (including modelling of human diseases). RTD priorities: organisational and economic aspects of public health and healthcare systems; surveillance, monitoring and assessment methodologies in prevention and cure; methodologies for product safety surveillance in the market place. (iii) The cell factory O b j e c t i v e s a n d R T D p r i o r i t i e s This key action is aimed at helping the Community’s enterprises, either established or starting up, to exploit the advances made in life sciences and technology, particularly in the fields of health, environment, agriculture, agro-industries and high value-added products such as chemicals. It is aimed L 64/10 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 at the development of multidisciplinary technologies based on the exploitation of the properties of microorganisms, plants and animals, in particular at the tissue, cellular and sub-cellular levels. The objective is to understand the versatile functioning of cells and to develop bio-reactors, bio-molecules and bio-processes with high added-value capable of enhancing the quality of life and health. Being a prerequisite to the functioning of cells as minute factories, sufficient knowledge will have to be secured of their blueprint at the scale at which they operate, through underpinning contributions of structural biology, physiology, nanobiotechnology, genomics and proteomics, with the support of notably physicochemistry, bioinformatics and biochemical engineering. To ensure the safety of new biomolecules or bioprocesses, methods will be made available for monitoring their potential impact on human and animal health, and their contribution to improving standards of environmental care. This key action should also aim at using RTD to reinforce the prenormative research by making cell cultures available as models for medicine, pharmacology, toxicology and environmental monitoring as a substitute for animal testing. Emphasis would be put on the following scientific and technological objectives: — new and innovative health-related processes and products particularly from molecular engineering (for example diagnostics, antibiotics, anti-cancer agents, including plant produced therapeutics) Resarch will focus on bio-products relevant to preventing, detecting and treating human and animal diseases and improving the quality of life. RTD priorities: improved understanding of the cell, gene functions and gene-delivery methods applicable to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic substances and strategies; anti-cancer agents, antibiotics, antibodies and therapeutics, vaccines, novel in-vitro testing and screening methods as alternatives to animal testing; cells as production units and as diagnostic and detection tools, — energy-efficient bio-remediation and waste bio-treatment processes The objective is to prevent, detect, monitor, treat and remove pollution as well as to maximise the economic value of waste. RTD priorities: new bio-processes for preventing industrial pollution, treating, upgrading, and/or and biosensors; recycling bioaccumulable wastes biodegradation of recalcitrant chemicals by microbial catalysts alone or in combination with plant systems and/or chemical catalysts; biodiversity and ecological dynamics of natural and introduced populations, and industrial by-products; bioassays — new biological and biotechnological processes and products, new processing technologies using microorganisms, plants or animals for agrifood and agroindustry and high value-added chemical applications The focus is on high value biomolecules and bioprocesses leading to enhanced exploitation of renewable resources and to enhanced expression of desirable characteristics for microorganisms, plants and animals. These activities are targeted at sustainable and industrial exploitation socioeconomic, agronomic, ecological and/or consumer prospects and take into account perspectives. RTD priorities: exploiting the cellular and sub-cellular characteristics of improved microorganisms, plants and animals, including through approaches at genome level; development of methods and strategies for identifying recombinant organisms and their residues in the environment and assessing their potential impact on human and animal health or the environment; new biocatalysts; use of terrestrial and marine organisms as a source of new valuable products; identification and sustainable use of metabolic and genetic diversity. 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/11 (iv) Environment and health O b j e c t i v e s a n d R T D p r i o r i t i e s The aim of this key action is to achieve a better understanding of the interactions between the genetic, physiological, environmental and social factors involved in sustaining good health and so to help reduce the adverse impact on health of changes in the environment and the workplace and the immense costs to health systems arising therefrom. It covers in particular issues such as prevention and the effects on health of air pollution, heavy metals and toxic substances, noise, climatic changes and electromagnetic radiation, as well as the effects of pollution at the workplace. The following scientific and technological objectives will be pursued: — research into diseases and allergies related to or influenced by the environment and research into their treatment and prevention The focus is on health impairment caused directly by exposure to the environment and on ways of treatment and prevention, based on sound epidemiological data and an understanding of pathogenesis mechanisms. Research should also be conducted into the impact of environmental pollutants at the workplace. RTD priorities: analysis and quantification of the impact of environmental factors on human health; assessment of the relative importance of, and the interactions between, factors impinging on health; improved understanding of the interrelations between environmental and public-health indicators for better treatment and prevention; development of an integrated approach to risk assessment taking into account epidemiological, environmental and public-health aspects; bio-markers of environmental exposure and an eventual replacement of animal testing, — development of new methods of diagnosis, risk assessment and of processes to reduce causes and harmful environmental health effects The objective is to use a multidisciplinary approach for better understanding of the interactions between the social and physical environment, genetic factors and health and to improve the identification of vulnerable groups to environmental exposures and to identify preventive measures in order to reduce causes and environmental factors hazardous to health. RTD priorities: bio-markers (including bio-indicators) of environmental exposure, effect and/or susceptibility to environmental agents, including mixed exposures and cumulative effects; improvement of predictive toxicity testing and mechanism-based risk assessment consistent with improved the general objectives of reducing, refining and eventually replacing animal testing; methods and technologies long- and short-term exposure and effects assessment; epidemiological and biomedical studies on possible effects linked to non-ionising irradiation, particularly from cellular phones. for (v) Sustainable agriculture, fisheries and forestry, and integrated development of rural areas including mountain areas O b j e c t i v e s a n d R T D p r i o r i t i e s The aim is to develop knowledge and technologies for the production and exploitation of living including forests, covering the whole production chain, taking into account the highly resources, competitive international context and in the light of the need for adaptation to the evolution of the common agricultural and fisheries policies, while also providing the scientific basis for Community regulations and standards, and to promote the multifunctional role of forests and the sustainable management and utilisation of forest resources as an integral factor of rural development. The priority areas are as follows: — new and sustainable systems of production, agriculture, management of resources, product quality and employment as well as animal health and welfare, taking into account profitability, fisheries and aquaculture, the including breeding methods, and exploitation in sustainable L 64/12 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 RTD priorities: — for agriculture: sustainable farm production systems and methods and corresponding ex-ante and ex-post control and analysis; diversification of production and activities; support to Community policies on plant health (prevention and prediction of, protection against plant diseases and harmful organisms), animal health (prevention, control, eradication of major diseases and zoonoses) and animal welfare; identification and characterisation of the quality of agrofood products and agricultural farm-processed products and farm-processing technologies; definition of parameters, specifications, methods, forms of organisation and technologies for including relevant total quality; organic farming systems; plant and animal breeding, application-oriented genome research, and diversity of genetic resources, — for fisheries: support to integrated fishery management linking resource conservation, means of capture, interactions with ecosystems, market requirements and socioeconomic considerations; the quality of marine products and technologies; identification and characterisation of development of new concepts for the sustainable use of marine and aquatic living resources, — for aquaculture: sustainable production systems with the reduction of impact on ecosystems and diversification of cultivated species (both plant and animal); improvement of production techniques; genetic improvement; disease resistance and control, — integrated production and exploitation of biological materials for non-food uses This will cover integrated production and processing chains with the emphasis on end-use and market requirements. RTD priorities: industrial products from the green chemical, biopolymers and bioenergy integrated chains, — sustainable and multipurpose utilisation of forest resources; the integrated forestry-wood chain This encompasses sustainable management and multiple use of European forest resources, in harmony with the political, environmental and social needs, bringing economic growth and employment to rural and coastal areas. RTD priorities: support to policy issues; multifunctional and sustainable management of forests combining quality production and new and improved technologies with conservation and including protection of forests soils and protection against natural environmental protection, hazards recreational uses, (e. g. agro-sylvo-pastoral systems). Forests ecosystems biodiversity and genetic improvement. Strategies for sustainable management and multipurpose utilisation of forest resources; the forestry-wood chain; efficient, environment-friendly processes and recycling technologies; high value-added and diversified products accounting for market needs, and consumer requirements, fires); diversification (non-wood uses including forest — development of methods of control, surveillance and protection, including protection of land and prevention of soil erosion The aim is to support the sound implementation of the common agricultural and fisheries policies and related activities. This research may also be useful to the Community in the context of international trade negotiations and of dispute settlements in the framework of WTO, in the area of agriculture. RTD priorities: reliable, transparent and cost-effective methods of monitoring, assessment and control, — pre-legislative research designed to provide a scientific basis for Community legislation The aim is to provide support for Community regulations by prenormative research activities. 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/13 RTD priorities: prenormative research to provide the scientific basis for regulations in the context of the common agricultural and fisheries policies, — new tools and models for the integrated and sustainable development of rural and other relevant areas This approach is based on optimisation of the specific potential of each area, including at regional level, the diversification of activities and land use and the involvement of the people concerned. the situation and changes under way, RTD priorities: analysis of the relationships between all the sectors involved and the factors influencing technological and socioeconomic changes; multifunctional land use and landscape management as related to important ecosystems and habitats taking also into account aspects relating to cultural heritage; diversification and job opportunities; development of (cid:28)integrated rural and fishery development’ concept, with the investigation of potentials and constraints, the elaboration of new models and tools, including for spatial planning and the improvement of the organisational capacity of local actors; support to follow-up and evaluation of rural and coastal development socioeconomic and programmes and policies with tools environmental benefit. to monitor, assess and forecast taking into account the (vi) The ageing population and disabilities O b j e c t i v e s a n d R T D p r i o r i t i e s This key action aims to help Europe meet the challenge of the growing ageing population through RTD to underpin the development of policies and interventions to extend the quality of life and independence of older people, and to reduce the need for long-term care and its consequential costs. It gives priority to multidisciplinary RTD relating to processes leading to healthy ageing, including demographic, social and economic aspects, and to interventions leading to the postponement and improved management of disability. It aims to generate competitive advantage for a wide range of health-related industries and sectors. Priority areas include: — RTD on illnesses, disabilities and health problems with high morbidity, which are age-related and where there is a real prospect of significant prevention, treatment or delay in onset RTD priorities: studies on age-related diseases and disorders in the older population (Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s diseases, etc. ); physiology and pathophysiology of ageing and disability; co-morbidity studies, — RTD into biological, psychological, social and economic determinants of healthy ageing and of the mechanisms leading to disability and the postponement of disability RTD priorities: cellular and molecular bases of ageing; genetic predisposition; immunology of ageing; basic biological and psychological mechanisms underlying age-related changes (including occupational and genetic effects); model studies and model diseases for specific ageing processes; biomarkers; endocrine, neurocrine and metabolic factors of ageing; psychological implications of ageing, — demographic and epidemiological RTD into ageing and disability trends to enable prediction of the size and nature of the ageing population as a basis for policy and planning RTD priorities: clinical trials; analysis and quantification of demographic, medical, sociological, lifestyle (including exercise, mobility and nutrition) and environmental factors; prevention; methodology linked to collection of specific data, — RTD into new approaches to delaying the onset of disability, to reducing the challenge to older people of their social and physical environment, including the design and development of products L 64/14 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 and services adapted to their needs (e. g. in housing, transport and leisure) and to supporting mental and physical functioning RTD priorities: methodology relating to quality of life, social integration and coping mechanisms; technologies contributing to less dependency; research on sensory degenerations; psychomotor, sensory and cognitive impairments; intervention assessment studies; assessment and quantification of needs and design/development of competitive and adapted products and services, rehabilitation and replacement therapies; — RTD into effective and efficient delivery of health and social care services to older people, including comparative research on the financing of long term care and pensions RTD priorities: healthcare outcome research for elderly and disabled, research into specific health services and social care services, as well as into healthcare services organisation; efficiency and quality of healthcare delivery for the elderly; impact of ageing on the evolution and financing of care systems, notably for long term care, and of pensions. (b) RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES OF A GENERIC NATURE These activities have a longer-term impact that may even preclude the possibility of satisfying some of the citizens’ expressed needs, for as long as fragmentary knowledge is not pooled together to a sufficient degree of completeness. There is, in the related disciplines, a time-dependent need for integration of the science base, which is why industry, services and policy-making in Europe must maintain or reinforce their response capacity in a rapidly changing world. Efficient interaction between research laboratories and industry will be promoted. Clustering of projects involving core centres and associated laboratories will be encouraged to create a critical mass, to promote interaction between basic and applied research and to ensure maximum transfer of knowledge to and from industry and undertakings. Support ranging from training of young scientists to fellowships for senior researchers will be developed. — Chronic and degenerative diseases (in particular cancer and diabetes), cardiovascular diseases and rare diseases Major challenges in biomedical research are the elucidation of the aetiology and pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases (e. g. genetic, environmental, lifestyle) of high (e. g. cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes) or low (e. g. rare diseases) morbidity. There is an urgent need to improve diagnosis, treatment, prevention and surveillance through epidemiology and applying advances in modern technology, requiring a multinational approach. The objective is to increase knowledge with regard to the genetic basis, epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of diseases by integrating basic and clinical research, and to apply modern technology to the treatment and control of major diseases, including rare (e. g. , Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) and orphan diseases (e. g. illnesses which are prevalent in industrialised or developing countries but are receiving less attention for research in industrialised countries). RTD priorities: contribution of molecular, genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors and their interactions to the aetiology, pathophysiology, progress and outcome of diseases, leading to new approaches to prevention, diagnosis and treatment, including the development of orphan drugs. large-scale studies/trials are required, and Evaluation of novel therapies where multinational, optimum use of databases, registries, reagents and sample banks, — Research into genomes and diseases of genetic origin The aim of this activity is to identify the physiological functions of genes and to improve the understanding of the meaning of sequence information. The new knowledge and technologies deriving from this generic action should promote the exploitation of genome information to the 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/15 benefit of European health, agriculture, industry and the environment. The organisation of collaboration in this area will underpin the development of expression systems to facilitate the study of genes of industrial and agronomic interest as well as the design of effective molecular and gene-based preventive and therapeutic strategies for human and animal disease. Efforts will be made to ensure that the gap between diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities does not widen. RTD priorities: this area will address the meaning of genome information and the improvement of the knowledge and understanding of including chronic and degenerative diseases. This will require structural studies; comparative analyses of genomes and proteomes; development of novel and user-friendly informatics approaches to enable acquisition of, access to and interpretation of genomic and functional data; development of novel expression systems, model organisms, mutant, transgenic and hybrid organisms with strict regard to ethical principles and the principles of biosafety; development and application of underpinning biochemistry, biophysical, statistical and computational approaches, the genetic basis of diseases, — Neurosciences This activity will provide new insights and a better understanding of the mechanisms governing the interrelationship of biological and psychological processes, to promote new diagnostic (e. g. imaging), preventive and therapeutic approaches to neurological and psychiatric disorders and to underpin opportunities for education, innovation in healthcare and computational industries. In this context, synergy and an appropriate flow of information will be strengthened with the human frontier science programme. the integration of diverse disciplines, RTD priorities: technologies and levels of biological organisation in the following areas: cell communication, mechanisms of learning and memory; mechanisms of brain development, disorder and repair, and their clinical, epidemiological and social implementations. Brain theory, computational neurosciences, and neuroinformatics; human behaviour, cognition and functional mapping of theoretical and integration of basic and clinical research in developing innovative experimental approaches; diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic strategies based on novel genetic, cellular, non-invasive, pharmacological and psychological approaches, Integration of the brain. — Public health and health services research Improvement of health systems: to improve the health of European citizens and the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of health-promotion and healthcare technologies and interventions, including evaluation of the effectiveness of non-conventional therapies, enhance health and safety at work, evaluate healthcare models, develop the evidence base for clinical practice and health policy, and study public health variations across Europe. improved methodologies RTD priorities: identification of new health determinants (including factors leading to inequalities in health) and aetiologic factors of disease through common methodologies and comparative research; socioeconomic and organisational determinants of prevention, care and health services; at the workplace and in the home exposure to biological, chemical and physical agents and to physical and mental stress. in epidemiology; Fighting drug-related problems: to prevent and, where appropriate, control drug-related health problems through establishing the psychological and socioeconomic factors involved in drug-taking and drug abuse, developing better understanding of the long-term health and social consequences of abuse, and developing more effective treatment strategies. RTD priorities: comparative and analytical research on biological and social causes, risk factors and effects of drug addiction and misuse; psychological and socioeconomic factors of drug abuse; long-term health effects of drug consumption; physical detection aspects, drug profiling and biological monitoring of drugs, L 64/16 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 — Research relating to the disabled The aim of this activity is to enhance the quality of life and independence of disabled people. RTD priorities: research aimed at contributing to improvement of their social and physical environment and the effective and efficient delivery of the health and social care services available to them, — Study of problems relating to medical ethics and bioethics in the context of respect for fundamental human values The objective is to identify the ethical, legal and social questions raised, not only by medical and biological research alone but also, more broadly, by scientific and technological developments to understand and to promote public discussion of issues of public concern, and to analyse the ethical dimension of legal and regulatory measures. RTD priorities: ethical aspects of life sciences research and its application to medical practice, food, animals, plants, and the environment (1), — Study of the socioeconomic aspects of life sciences and technologies within the perspective of sustainable development (the impact on society, economy and employment) Competitiveness and sustainable development will together be the source of the Union’s future wealth and employment opportunities, ensuring an enhanced quality of life for Europe’s citizens. Simultaneous pursuit of these objectives is only possible through an adequate recognition of the key interrelations between technologies, environment and society and integration of knowledge into sustainable development policies. Socioeconomic research is also needed to enhance the quality of the public debate, as illustrated by the interest shown in the applications of modern biotechnologies and its scientific bases and the need for transparent information. The regulatory process in life sciences and technologies and its (1) Research activities under this programme must comply with the international conventions and codes of conduct, and in particular the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association adopted by the World Medical Assembly. Account will also be taken of the declaration of the European Council of Amsterdam and the European Parliament’s resolution on the banning of human cloning (OJ C 115, 14. 4. 1997), the European Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine of the Council of Europe; the opinions of the Group of Advisers on the Ethical Implications of Biotechnology (1991 to 1996) and the opinions of the European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies (as from 1998); the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights of UNESCO of 11 November 1997 and the resolutions of the WHO, as well as relevant EC legislation for example, Council Directives of 26 January 1965 and 20 May 1975 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to proprietary medicinal products (65/65/EEC and 75/319/EEC), Council Directive of 24 November 1986 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes (86/609/EEC). No research activity which modifies or is intended to modify the genetic heritage of human beings by alteration of germ cells or by acting at any other stage in embryonic development and which can make such alteration hereditary will be supported under the present framework programme. In the same way, no research activity understood in the sense of the term (cid:28)cloning’, with the aim of replacing a germ or embryo cell nucleus with that of the cell of any individual, a cell from an embryo or a cell coming from a later stage of development to the human embryo, will be supported. Concerning animal experimentation, the principles of replacement by alternative methods, reduction of the number of animals and the refinement of experiments must be applied to the extent possible. Animal suffering must be avoided or kept to a minimum and special attention must be paid to animal experimentation involving species that are the closest to human beings. Modification of the genetic heritage of animals and animal cloning will be envisaged within this programme only for objectives which are justified on ethical grounds and when carried out under conditions respecting animal welfare and genetic diversity. Participants in EC research projects must conform to national legislation and applicable codes of conduct and seek the approval of the relevant ethics committee prior to the start of the RTD activities. 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/17 impact on citizen’s confidence influences public opinion, which in turn has a strong impact on decision-makers. in the construction of strategies and models for sustainable The objectives are to assist implementation and development and to provide a sound scientific basis for the conception, evaluation of relevant policies, exploiting knowledge and technologies from the life sciences and technologies (including the creation of employment opportunities in the bio-industries), and to develop a better understanding of the links between science and policy; including the ways in which opinions on the benefits and risks of technological progress are formed and are reflected in the regulatory process. RTD priorities: technology evaluation and assessment, systematic provision of information to the public, education and opinion forming in the field of life sciences and technologies; analysis of social and economic driving forces and of new opportunities in the bioindustries; development of indicators and knowledge bases relevant to decision-making and regulation; analysis of the social and economic aspects of the links between life sciences and technologies and policies in the field of industry, agriculture, fisheries, food, environment, sustainable development, public health, etc. (c) SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES Objectives To broaden access, to make optimum use of and to improve the consistency of the existing European research fabric at Community level. To facilitate and to encourage transnational cooperation in the rational and cost-effective development of RTD facilities in response to emerging needs. the required efforts, In order to reinforce the European added-value and the optimisation of Community support will be directed towards: transnational coordination, integrated management of, specific aspects of operation of, access to and improvement of existing facilities; coordination and complementation of national or multinational initiatives to develop facilities needed at the European level; networking of communities of researchers and users through research projects and specific training activities centred on appropriate infrastructures, or cooperation of several partners, leading to an integrated service provider; increasing the compatibility of dispersed systems, aiming to provide rapid and effective integration of facilities and resources. Classes of infrastructures — Biological data and collections of biological material. Databases, information services and networks of biological expertise; major specialised instrumentation for the study of biological structures; collections of genetic materials, living and non-living specimens; breeding of animals to develop models of human diseases, — clinical research facilities, including pre-clinical research, identification of studies and clinical trials that should be done at the European level, — facilities for aquaculture and fishery research. L 64/18 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 12. 3. 1999 ANNEX III SPECIFIC RULES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PROGRAMME The specific programme will be implemented through the indirect RTD actions as provided for in Annexes II and IV to the fifth framework programme. In addition, the following rules specific to this programme will apply: 1. Accompanying measures The accompanying measures will comprise in particular: — studies in support of the specific programme, including the preparation of future activities, — the exchange of information, conferences, seminars, workshops and scientific and technical meetings, — recourse to external expertise, in particular for the purposes of the monitoring of the specific programme provided for in Article 5(1) of the fifth framework programme, the external assessment provided for in Article 5(2) of the fifth framework programme and the their implementation, indirect RTD actions and the monitoring of including access to scientific databases, evaluation of — dissemination, including scientific publications, activities for the exploitation of results and the transfer of technologies, encouragement of innovation financing and assistance with the protection of intellectual property, information and communication activities, — training schemes related to RTD activities covered by the specific programme other than Marie Curie fellowships, — support for schemes to provide information and assistance for research players, including SMEs, — recourse to external expertise in setting up and providing access to information, assistance and research and innovation promoting services and networks. 2. Coordination arrangements The Commission will endeavour to ensure complementarity between the indirect RTD actions under the programme, in particular by grouping them around a common objective, and to avoid duplication, while respecting the legitimate interests of proposers of indirect RTD actions. As far as possible, coordination will also be ensured between actions under the specific programme and those carried out in: — other specific programmes implementing the fifth framework programme, — the research and training programmes implementing Council Decision 1999/64/Euratom of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) for research and training activities (1998 to 2002) (1), — other European research frameworks including Eureka and COST, — other Community research-related instruments. (1) OJ L 26, 1. 2. 1999, p. 34. 12. 3. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 64/19 It will comprise: (i) the identification of common themes or priorities, resulting in particular in: — the exchange of information, — the carrying out of work decided on jointly, entailing in particular the joint initiation of one of the procedures referred to in Article 9 of the rules for participation and dissemination; (ii) the reassignment of proposals for indirect RTD actions between specific programmes or between a specific programme and a research and training programme


title: 1999/176/Euratom: Decisione del Consiglio del 25 gennaio 1999 che adotta un programma specifico di ricerca e insegnamento che sarà eseguito mediante azioni dirette dal Centro comune di ricerca per la Comunità europea dell'energia atomica (1998-2002)

eurovoc_concepts:
Joint Research Centre
nuclear fission
nuclear safety
research programme
teaching curriculum

text: L 64/154 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee 12. 3. 1999 DECISIONE DEL CONSIGLIO del 25 gennaio 1999 che adotta un programma specifico di ricerca e insegnamento che sara` eseguito mediante azioni dirette dal Centro comune di ricerca per la Comunita` europea dell’energia atomica (1998-2002) (1999/176/Euratom) IL CONSIGLIO DELL’UNIONE EUROPEA, visto il trattato che istituisce la Comunita` europea del- l’energia atomica, in particolare l’articolo 7, vista la proposta della Commissione (1), visto il parere del Parlamento europeo (2), visto il parere del Comitato economico e sociale (3), (1) considerando che con decisione 1999/64/Eura- tom (4), il Consiglio ha adottato il Quinto pro- gramma quadro di attivita` di ricerca e insegna- mento della Comunita` europea dell’energia ato- mica per il periodo 1998-2002 (in appresso denominato Quinto programma quadro) che sta- bilisce le linee generali e gli obiettivi scientifici e tecnologici delle attivita` che saranno eseguite dal Centro comune di ricerca (CCR) per la Comu- nita` europea dell’energia atomica; (2) considerando che l’articolo 3 del Quinto pro- gramma quadro prevede che esso sia attuato mediante programmi specifici adottati conforme- mente all’articolo 7 del trattato, uno dei quali concerne in particolare il CCR; (3) considerando che, conformemente all’articolo 4, paragrafo 2, della decisione n. 94/268/Euratom del Consiglio, del 26 aprile 1994, relativa al Quarto programma quadro delle attivita` di ricerca e di insegnamento della Comunita` euro- pea dell’energia atomica (1994/1998) (5) e all’ar- ticolo 7, paragrafo 3, delle decisioni del Con- (1) GU C 236 del 28. 7. 1998, pag. 20. (2) Parere espresso il 15 dicembre 1998 (non ancora pubbli- cato nella Gazzetta ufficiale). (3) GU C 407 del 28. 12. 1998, pag. 123. (4) GU L 26 dell’1. 2. 1999, pag. 34. (5) GU L 115 del 6. 5. 1994, pag. 31. Decisione modificata da ultimo dalla decisione 96/253/Euratom (GU L 86 del 4. 4. 1996, pag. 72). siglio relative ai programmi specifici che attuano le azioni dirette del Quarto programma quadro, la Commissione ha fatto eseguire una valuta- zione esterna che ha trasmesso, unitamente alle sue osservazioni e conclusioni, al Parlamento europeo, al Consiglio e al Comitato economico e sociale; (4) considerando che la decisione 1999/66/Euratom del Consiglio, del 22 dicembre 1998, relativa alle norme per la partecipazione delle imprese, dei centri di ricerca e delle universita` all’attua- zione del Quinto programma quadro della Comunita` europea dell’energia atomica (Eura- tom) (1998-2002) (6), consente la partecipazione del Centro comune di ricerca alle azioni indiret- te; (5) considerando che nell’attuazione del presente programma possono rendersi opportune attivita` di cooperazione internazionale basate in partico- lare sul capitolo X del trattato, con paesi terzi od organizzazioni internazionali; (6) considerando che l’attuazione del presente pro- gramma comprende altres(cid:236) azioni di incentivazio- ne, diffusione e valorizzazione dei risultati della ricerca, in particolare a favore delle piccole e medie imprese (PMI), nonche´ azioni di incentiva- zione della mobilita` e della formazione dei ricer- catori; (7) considerando che le azioni di ricerca in base al Quinto programma quadro dovrebbero altres(cid:236) essere orientate verso l’innovazione al fine di contribuire, tra l’altro, al conseguimento degli obiettivi del primo piano di azione per l’innova- zione; che il CCR dovrebbe attivamente perse- guire attivita` di innovazione e trasferimento tec- nologico; (8) considerando che la politica comunitaria di parita` di opportunita` va tenuta in conto nell’at- tuazione del programma; (6) GU L 26 dell’1. 2. 1999, pag. 56. 12. 3. 1999 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee L 64/155 (9) considerando che il Centro comune di ricerca (CCR) deve attuare le attivita` di ricerca e di inse- gnamento effettuate mediante azione diretta, in particolare i compiti conferiti alla Commissione dal trattato; che la Commissione deve svolgere i compiti che le incombono nel settore della fis- sione nucleare, avvalendosi della competenza tec- nica del CCR; che occorre conferire una partico- lare attenzione alla sicurezza del ciclo del combu- stibile nucleare e al suo impatto sugli esseri umani e sull’ambiente; (10) considerando che e` necessario controllare l’attua- zione del presente programma ai fini del suo eventuale adeguamento al progresso scientifico e tecnologico ed all’evoluzione dei suoi bisogni; che e` pertanto opportuno sottoporre in tempo utile lo stato di avanzamento del programma alla valutazione di esperti indipendenti; Una ripartizione indicativa di questo importo figura nell’allegato I. 2. Dell’importo di cui al paragrafo 1 — 71,8 milioni di euro sono destinati al periodo 1998-1999, e — 209,2 milioni di euro al periodo 2000-2002. Nel caso di cui all’articolo 2, paragrafo 1, lettera c), del Quinto programma quadro, il Consiglio adegua quest’ultima somma secondo le disposizioni dell’ar- ticolo 2, paragrafo 1, secondo trattino, del Quinto programma quadro. In attesa di una decisione del Consiglio, il programma specifico e` attuato nei limiti dell’importo previsto al primo trattino. (11) considerando che nell’attuazione del programma il Consiglio d’amministrazione del CCR sara` consultato dalla Commissione conformemente alle pertinenti disposizioni della decisione della Commissione che riorganizza il CCR; che le figurano nella decisione attuali disposizioni 96/282/Euratom della Commissione (1); L’autorita` di bilancio determina, in coerenza con 3. gli obiettivi scientifici e tecnologici e le priorita` stabi- lite dalla presente decisione, le somme relative a cia- scun esercizio tenendo conto della disponibilita` delle risorse indicate nel quadro delle prospettive finanziarie pluriennali. (12) considerando che il Comitato scientifico e tec- nico e il Consiglio di amministrazione del CCR sono stati consultati in merito al contenuto scientifico e tecnologico di questo programma specifico, HA ADOTTATO LA PRESENTE DECISIONE: Articolo 1 In applicazione dell’articolo 3, paragrafo 1, del Quinto programma quadro, e` adottato un programma speci- fico relativo alle azioni dirette di attivita` di ricerca e insegnamento che sara` eseguito dal CCR (in seguito denominato «programma specifico») per il periodo dal 25 gennaio 1999 fino al 31 dicembre 2002. Articolo 3 Le linee generali, gli obiettivi scientifici e tecnolo- 1. le priorita` del programma sono indicati e gici in conformita` dei nell’allegato II. Essi sono definiti principi e delle tre categorie di criteri di selezione sta- biliti nell’allegato I del Quinto programma quadro. Le modalita` dettagliate di partecipazione finan- 2. ziaria della Comunita` al programma specifico sono stabilite dall’articolo 4 del Quinto programma quadro. Le azioni dirette sono definite negli allegati II e III del Quinto programma quadro. Modalita` specifiche di realizzazione del programma sono stabilite dall’allegato III della presente decisione. Articolo 2 Articolo 4 1. L’importo ritenuto necessario per l’esecuzione delle azioni dirette da parte del CCR nell’ambito del presente programma ammonta a 281 milioni di euro. (1) GU L 107 del 30. 4. 1996, pag. 12. Sulla base di criteri di cui all’articolo 3, degli obiettivi scientifici indicati nell’allegato II, la Commissione: e delle priorita` tecnologici e a) verifica, con un’adeguata assistenza di esperti l’attuazione del programma indipendenti, esterni L 64/156 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee 12. 3. 1999 specifico e sottopone al Consiglio, ove opportuno, proposte di adeguamento ai sensi dell’articolo 5, paragrafo 1, del Quinto programma quadro; 3. La Commissione informa periodicamente il Con- siglio di amministrazione sull’attuazione del presente programma specifico. b) dispone la valutazione esterna prevista dall’ar- ticolo 5, paragrafo 2, del Quinto programma qua- dro per le azioni intraprese nella materia oggetto del programma specifico. Articolo 5 La Commissione stabilisce un programma di 1. lavoro che determina: a) pi(cid:156) dettagliatamente gli obiettivi e le priorita` dell’allegato II; b) il calendario indicativo della realizzazione del pro- gramma specifico. 2. Il programma di lavoro e`, se del caso, aggiornato e reso disponibile dalla Commissione a tutte le parti interessate in forma facilmente utilizzabile e su sup- porto informatico. Articolo 7 La Commissione pu(cid:242) chiedere al CCR di eseguire, sulla base del criterio del vantaggio reciproco, progetti con entita` giuridiche stabilite in paesi terzi qualora ci(cid:242) contribuisca efficacemente all’esecuzione delle azioni dirette. Articolo 8 Conformemente all’articolo 5, paragrafo 4, del Quinto programma quadro la Commissione informa periodi- camente il Consiglio e il Parlamento europeo in merito allo stato di attuazione del programma. Articolo 9 Articolo 6 Gli Stati membri sono destinatari della presente deci- sione. La Commissione e` responsabile dell’esecuzione 1. del presente programma, eseguito dal CCR. 2. Il Consiglio di amministrazione del CCR (in seguito denominato il «Consiglio di amministrazione») e` consultato dalla Commissione in questo compito, conformemente alle pertinenti disposizioni della deci- sione della Commissione che riorganizza il CCR. Fatto a Bruxelles, add(cid:236) 25 gennaio 1999. Per il Consiglio Il Presidente J. FISCHER 12. 3. 1999 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee L 64/157 ALLEGATO I RIPARTIZIONE INDICATIVA DELL’IMPORTO RITENUTO NECESSARIO Tipo di attivita` Sicurezza della fissione nucleare Controlli di sicurezza nucleari Smantellamento e gestione dei rifiuti (in milioni di euro) Importo 122 138 21 Totale 281 (1) (2) (1) Di cui circa il 6 % potra` essere assegnato alla ricerca esplorativa e fino al 2 % allo sfruttamento dei risultati del CCR stesso e al trasferimento tecnologico. (2) Questo totale comprende il contributo del bilancio del CCR necessario per la sua partecipazione alle azioni a compartecipazione finanziaria. L 64/158 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee 12. 3. 1999 ALLEGATO II LINEE GENERALI, OBIETTIVI SCIENTIFICI E TECNOLOGICI E PRIORITA` A. LA MISSIONE DEL CCR Il CCR ha il compito di fornire un sostegno scientifico e tecnico alla concezione, all’elaborazione, all’attuazione e al controllo delle politiche delle Comunita` ed in risposta alla loro domanda. Come ser- vizio della Commissione europea, il CCR funge da centro di riferimento per le questioni di carattere scientifico e tecnologico in seno alla Comunita`. Vicino agli ambienti in cui vengono formulate le politi- che, il CCR agisce nell’interesse comune degli Stati membri, senza essere legato ad interessi commer- ciali o nazionali. Il CCR svolge un’attivita` di ricerca specifica e ad alto livello, in stretta collaborazione con le imprese e con altri organismi, e costituisce per i responsabili politici un utile strumento per rispondere alle esi- genze dei singoli cittadini, migliorare l’interazione tra l’uomo e l’ambiente e promuovere lo sviluppo sostenibile. Nello svolgere il proprio compito il CCR cerchera` di coordinare le azioni di ricerca e insegnamento realizzate negli Stati membri. Nella propria attivita` , esso si avvale di una fitta rete di contatti con orga- nismi pubblici e privati nei vari Stati membri sviluppata, ad esempio, attraverso reti di ricerca, progetti comuni o scambio di personale. Si tratta di un aspetto di estrema importanza, dal momento che il CCR svolge un ruolo complementare rispetto alle azioni indirette previste dal Quinto programma qua- dro: mentre infatti le azioni indirette continueranno a rappresentare il principale strumento per svilup- pare e vagliare nuove idee, il ruolo del CCR e` di contribuire alla loro applicazione concreta seguendo gli orientamenti politici indicati. B. OBIETTIVO: MANTENERE UN ATTEGGIAMENTO DI VIGILANZA L’energia nucleare continua a fornire circa un terzo dell’elettricita` della Comunita` e bisogna restare vigilanti per continuare a garantire l’eccellente tradizione di sicurezza della Comunita` , ad agire contro la proliferazione e gestire in modo efficace il trattamento e il deposito a lungo termine dei rifiuti. Le nuove sfide riguardano l’invecchiamento del parco di reattori, l’ampliamento della Comunita` a paesi con culture diverse in materia di sicurezza e controlli di sicurezza sulle materie derivanti dal processo di disarmo. La Commissione, in forza del trattato, ha obblighi specifici in materia di energia nucleare ed ha sempre fatto affidamento sul CCR che fornisce un supporto tecnico al passo con gli sviluppi tecnologici e le nuove sfide. Il CCR ha pertanto l’obiettivo di: — sostenere la Commissione nell’adempimento dei suoi obblighi in forza del trattato; — rimanere vigilante in modo da mantenere l’eccellente tradizione comunitaria in materia di sicu- rezza; — prepararsi ad affrontare nuove sfide. I due criteri di selezione per le attivita` del CCR sono: — la pertinenza rispetto alle politiche della Comunita`. La comprensione dell’agenda politica permette al CCR di organizzare le sue ricerche in funzione delle scadenze e di contribuire all’elaborazione delle politiche nel momento in cui il suo sostegno e` maggiormente necessario; — la sussidiarieta`. Esistono due aspetti. In primo luogo, la ricerca deve svolgersi in un settore dove la partecipazione della Comunita` e` opportuna e, in secondo luogo, l’intervento del CCR deve essere la formula pi(cid:156) opportuna per questa partecipazione della Comunita`. Il CCR opera pertanto sol- 12. 3. 1999 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee L 64/159 tanto nei casi in cui la sua identita` paneuropea unica fornisce un valore aggiunto. Nel settore nucleare, l’azione del CCR e` giustificata dagli aspetti transfrontalieri della sicurezza nucleare e dei controlli di sicurezza e dalle preoccupazioni dei cittadini su questi aspetti. C. IL PROGRAMMA DEL CCR Il programma specifico del CCR per il Quinto programma quadro e` concepito in modo da porre l’ac- cento sulle attivita` nei settori dove esse apportano un elevato valore aggiunto europeo oppure corri- spondono a compiti conferiti alla Commissione dal trattato Euratom. Queste attivita` mirano ad otti- mizzare, in un contesto europeo o addirittura internazionale, l’uso delle strutture specializzate del CCR e delle sue intrinseche competenze, specialmente nei campi nei quali il CCR ha acquisito un grado di eccellenza ed e` l’unico depositario delle conoscenze europee. Le attivita` sulla sicurezza della fissione si avvantaggeranno delle strutture uniche del CCR e si concen- treranno sui settori in cui il CCR e` considerato un centro di riferimento per la Comunita` , come gli atti- nidi ed altri campi che destano preoccupazione nell’opinione pubblica, quali gli incidenti gravi e la manipolazione dei rifiuti. Si approfondiranno i lavori sull’invecchiamento dei materiali dei reattori data la crescente importanza di questo aspetto per le autorita` preposte alla sicurezza e per l’industria. Sara` data una certa priorita` alle esigenze dei paesi candidati all’adesione. I lavori sul controllo delle materie nucleari continueranno allo stesso ritmo per rispondere alle esigenze presenti e future degli ispettori. Essi comprenderanno le tecniche di misurazione, analisi e controllo e la formazione degli ispettori. Saranno eseguiti alcuni studi previsionali per prevedere le implicazioni per i controlli di sicurezza delle modifiche proposte per il ciclo del combustibile e per determinare se le tecniche di telerilevamento possono essere utilizzate per individuare attivita` illecite. Infine, i rifiuti provenienti dalle attivita` nucleari dovranno essere opportunamente gestiti ed alcune strutture divenute obsolete saranno smantellate. Questo programma non va considerato una bozza del programma di lavoro per i prossimi quattro anni, bens(cid:236) uno schema generale che riflette gli attuali orientamenti e le priorita` a livello politico. Saranno apportate modifiche al programma del CCR in relazione ai progressi della scienza e della tec- nologia e ai cambiamenti negli orientamenti politici e nelle priorita` delle domande. 1. FISSIONE NUCLEARE 1. 1. Sicurezza della fissione nucleare Anche se la fissione nucleare e` considerata oggigiorno una tecnologia matura, la sicurezza degli impianti nucleari e la gestione del ciclo del combustibile, in particolare la gestione dei rifiuti, richie- dono sforzi continui in quanto sono fonte di preoccupazioni per i cittadini. Le autorita` pubbliche restano vigilanti e premono affinche´ vengano apportati continui miglioramenti e l’industria mantiene un forte interesse per le nuove tecnologie e altri miglioramenti. Il CCR sostiene questi sforzi che sono al centro della sua missione. Il CCR vanta strutture senza eguali ed una competenza tradizionale abbi- nata ad un’eccellenza scientifica, pur concentrandosi sulle attivita` dove il valore aggiunto apportato dal suo sostegno e` indiscusso. Le attivita` riguardano i temi qui di seguito elencati. — L’invecchiamento di materiali e componenti: determinazione della durata di vita residua dei reat- tori e dei loro componenti principali, miglioramento e qualificazione delle tecniche di ispezione durante il funzionamento mediante la valutazione dell’integrita` strutturale, lo sviluppo di metodo- logie e la qualificazione di tecniche di analisi non distruttive. — La sicurezza del ciclo del combustibile: la ricerca di base sugli attinidi e` un campo dove il CCR e` considerato il centro di eccellenza e nel quale esso produrra` conoscenze approfondite sulle pro- prieta` di questi elementi. Ci(cid:242) e` essenziale per la sicurezza e l’efficienza dell’intero ciclo del combu- stibile (proprieta` di base del nuovo combustibile e dei rifiuti, licensing ed operazioni industriali come ritrattamento, trattamento, deposito e smaltimento dei rifiuti e del combustibile esaurito), in particolare per studi particolareggiati dei fenomeni che si verificano durante l’irraggiamento del combustibile nucleare, nonche´ per l’ottimizzazione dei combustibili adatti a potenziare la sicurezza e l’efficienza (ad esempio tasso maggiore di irraggiamento, combustibili avanzati); studi sulla sepa- L 64/160 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee 12. 3. 1999 razione e sulla trasmutazione per abbassare la radiotossicita` dei rifiuti riducendo o addirittura eli- minando la presenza degli attinidi e di altri elementi radioattivi a lunga vita nel ciclo del combusti- bile e studi per mettere a punto tecniche adeguate di trattamento di questi materiali. — Studio dei combustibili irraggiati nell’ottica dello smaltimento diretto, in particolare la caratteriz- zazione dei combustibili irraggiati, l’esame del comportamento a lungo termine in condizioni di deposito e di smaltimento finale e la determinazione dei rischi legati alla loro radiotossicita`. — Lo studio di incidenti gravi, compresa la gestione in una rete europea e con il sostegno di partner internazionali, dell’impianto FARO — l’unico di questo tipo esistente al mondo — per consentire lo studio dei fenomeni che si producono all’interno ed all’esterno del contenitore, dopo la fusione del nocciolo, usando materiali reali e configurazioni rappresentative. Il CCR ospitera` nei suoi grandi impianti, in particolare FARO, gruppi di ricerca di organismi di ricerca degli Stati membri e contribuira` a progetti europei o internazionali. 1. 2. Controlli di sicurezza nucleari Il supporto scientifico e tecnico necessario per attuare i controlli di sicurezza nucleari, conformemente al capo VII del trattato e agli obblighi derivanti dal trattato di non proliferazione, nonche´ in attuazione del programma di sostegno della Commissione a favore dell’AIEA sono parte di un duplice processo: — rispondere alle sfide tecnologiche dei grandi impianti di ciclo del combustibile e — rispondere alle nuove sfide poste dalle grandi decisioni internazionali, nonche´ dall’adozione di tec- nologie nuove e pi(cid:156) efficienti. L’imparzialita` del CCR e` essenziale per sostenere azioni di lotta contro il traffico illecito di materie nucleari e i danni all’ambiente provocati da materie radioattive. Le attivita` del CCR in questo settore sono parte integrante di un processo a livello di cooperazione europea (cfr. rete Esarda — European Safeguards Research and Development Association) e di cooperazione internazionale con gli Stati Uni- ti, la Russia, il Giappone, il Brasile, l’Argentina e il Canada. Le attivita` del CCR si concentreranno sui settori qui di seguito elencati. — Lo sviluppo e il miglioramento delle tecniche di misura, di controllo e di analisi, con particolare riferimento all’automazione: prove distruttive e non distruttive e tecniche di analisi (compreso lo sviluppo di analisi ad alte prestazioni per rilevare tracce di materie radioattive nell’ambiente), tec- niche di sigillatura e di confinamento, controllo di qualita` ; queste attivita` riguardano in particolare i grandi impianti di ritrattamento e il ciclo del plutonio, compreso il combustibile MOX e com- prenderanno il controllo delle prestazioni in condizioni di funzionamento reale di apparecchiature industriali e lo studio della loro conformita` alle norme internazionali. — Lo sviluppo di tecnologie di informazione dedicate (tecniche di trattamento per l’analisi e il rileva- mento di anomalie tra le dichiarazioni e le verifiche, tecniche laser tridimensionali per il monito- raggio di zone molto sensibili); valutazione del telerilevamento come metodo per rilevare attivita` nucleari illecite: creazione dell’infrastruttura necessaria per lo svolgimento dei controlli. — La valutazione per quanto riguarda i controlli sui materiali fissili, di alcuni concetti innovativi nei settori dei reattori e del ciclo di combustibile; preparazione di un approccio adatto dal punto di vista dei controlli. — Lo sviluppo di tecniche di analisi adatte alla lotta contro il traffico illecito e i danni ambientali imputabili alle materie radioattive (ad esempio scarichi illeciti): ricerca sull’analisi delle proprieta` specifiche di materie fissili quali composizione isotopica, purezza e granulazione per valutare l’uso 12. 3. 1999 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee L 64/161 previsto, la data di fabbricazione, ecc. e sviluppo di una base di dati su queste caratteristiche; svi- luppo di analisi ultrasensibili per poter ricostruire l’itinerario dei materiali fino al luogo di confi- sca. — La formazione di ispettori ed operatori, soprattutto nelle nuove tecnologie. 2. SMANTELLAMENTO DI IMPIANTI DEL CCR E GESTIONE DEI RIFIUTI Il CCR intraprendera` e potenziera` i lavori sul declassamento e sullo smantellamento dei suoi impianti usati per attivita` nucleari in disuso da un certo tempo e divenuti obsoleti. I lavori comprenderanno il trattamento e la gestione, compreso lo smaltimento dei rifiuti. Questo aspetto e` di estrema importanza per tutelare l’ambiente e proteggere i lavoratori, nonche´ per ridurre eventualmente i costi operativi in quanto la necessita` di monitoraggio e sorveglianza diminuira` parallelamente alla riduzione e concentra- zione delle attivita` nucleari. — Elaborazione di un piano a lungo termine per garantire l’attuazione futura e permanente di queste attivita`. — Costruzione di un impianto per il trattamento dei rifiuti liquidi. — Avvio delle operazioni di disattivazione e smantellamento delle strutture obsolete e gestione dei rifiuti derivanti da queste attivita`. L 64/162 IT Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunita` europee 12. 3. 1999 ALLEGATO III MODALITA` DI REALIZZAZIONE DEL PROGRAMMA 1. La Commissione, previa consultazione del Consiglio di amministrazione del CCR, attua azioni dirette sulla base degli obiettivi scientifici e dei contenuti descritti nell’allegato II. Le attivita` rela- tive a tale azione sono eseguite negli istituti del Centro comune di ricerca (CCR). 2. Nello svolgere tali attivita` il CCR, ogniqualvolta opportuno e possibile, partecipera` alle reti for- mate da laboratori pubblici e privati negli Stati membri o consorzi di ricerca europea o provvedera` ad organizzarla. Sara` conferita un’attenzione particolare alla cooperazione con l’industria, soprat- tutto con le piccole e medie imprese. Gli organismi di ricerca stabiliti nei paesi terzi possono coo- perare ai progetti, conformemente alle pertinenti disposizioni dell’articolo 7 e, ove applicabile, degli accordi di cooperazione S&T tra la Comunita` e i paesi terzi interessati. Particolare attenzione sara` riservata alla cooperazione con laboratori ed istituti di ricerca nei paesi dell’Europa centrale e orientale e nell’ex Unione Sovietica. Le conoscenze ottenute attraverso l’attuazione dei progetti saranno diffuse dallo stesso CCR tenendo conto delle possibili limitazioni dovute alle clausole di confidenzialita`. 3. Le misure di accompagnamento comprendono: — l’organizzazione di visite agli istituti del CCR di titolari di borse, ricercatori ed esperti distac- cati, — il distaccamento di personale del CCR presso laboratori nazionali, laboratori industriali ed universita` , — il regolare scambio di informazioni, mediante inter alia l’organizzazione di seminari scientifici, workshop, colloqui e le pubblicazioni scientifiche, — la formazione specialistica privilegiando la multidisciplinarita` , — la valutazione scientifica e strategica indipendente dei risultati dei progetti e dei programmi