By the Oct. 1 deadline, credit card companies and retailers will shift to "smart cards" using a new technology called EMV—which stands for Europay, MasterCard and Visa, the three companies that created the standard for processing payments.
Take context from the input text and decide on the accurate relationship between 'MasterCard' and 'credit card' from the options provided.
Options: manufacturer, product/material produced, operator, distribution format