Third, a large majority  of all adaptation responses documented since 2014 are about adapting to water-related hazards like droughts, floods and rainfall variability  . Water-related adaptation action features prominently in NDC pledges by a large majority of countries in both Global North and Global South . These adaptation responses and their current benefits and effectiveness in reducing water-related risks in the future are systematically assessed in this chapter . These adaptation measures aim to reduce impacts of water-related hazards through responses such as irrigation, water and soil moisture conservation, rainwater harvesting, changes in crops and cultivars, improved agronomic practices, among others . Only ~20% of all documented case studies on observed water-related adaptations measure outcomes , but the link between positive outcomes and climate risk reduction is unclear and remains challenging to assess  . On the other hand, most of the future projected water-related adaptations are more effective at lower GWLs  than at higher GWLs, showing the importance of mitigation for future adaptations to remain effective .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report