IPCC's first assessment of L&D in 2018 found residual risks to rise with further global warming leading to soft and hard adaptation limits in some natural and human systems  . Sections 8.4.5.6, 16.4 and 17.2 corroborate these findings concluding that, depending on mitigation and adaptation pathways, residual risks in key systems in many regions will create potential for negative impacts beyond adaptation limits . The assessment in 2018 also noted that there is 'not one definition of L&D'. This ambiguity has persisted, and a policy space for L&D has not clearly been delimited . There is, however, coalescence in dialogue among academia, civil society and policy around a distinct set of themes as identified by stakeholder surveys as well as literature, methods and evidence reviews : risk management, limits to adaptation, existential risk, finance and support, including liability, compensation and litigation . Various advisory groups have been set up with participation of policy and experts from research, civil society and practice to help inform the implementation of WIM workplans .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report