Chmura D. J., Howe G. T., Anderson P D., St.Clair J. B. 2010. Przystosowanie drzew, lasow i lesnictwa do zmian klimatycznych. Sylwan 154 (9): 587-602. Ongoing climate change will likely expose trees and forests to new stresses and disturbances during this century. Trees naturally adapt to changes in climate, but their natural adaptive ability may be compromised by the rapid changes projected for this century. In the broad sense, adaptation to climate change also includes the purposeful adaptation of human systems, which includes forestry In this article, we briefly review the expected impacts of projected climate change on trees and forest ecosystems in Poland. We further provide a framework for designing adaptive strategies to sustain or enhance forest growth, health, and ecosystem services in new climates. Within this framework, we distinguish two related objectives: (1) adaptation of decision-making process in forest management and (2) adaptation of forest ecosystems. Each of these objectives may he achieved through strategies and options whose applicability is discussed in relation to major forest functions ecological and societal, commercial, and multiple-use. Knowledge gaps and research needs are also identified. We conclude that the recent emphasis on sustainable multi-functional forestry and the current ownership structure in Poland will facilitate adaptation of Polish forests to future climates. However, much remains to be learned about the impacts of climate change, especially at the ecosystem level. Cooperation between researchers and forest managers is critical for developing better management strategies for adapting forests to climate change.
Chmura, DJ; Howe, GT; Anderson, PD; St Clair, JB
Adaptation of trees, forests and forestry to climate change
Sylwan