A and 285 million to vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids by mid-century under 1.7℃ global warming . Maire et al.  assessed the nutritional vulnerabilities of African countries to climate change and overfishing, and found that the four most vulnerable countries ranked on a scale from 0  to 100  were Mozambique , Madagascar , Tanzania  and Sierra Leone . Coral reef habitat in east Africa is projected to decrease, resulting in negative impacts on demersal fish stocks and invertebrates . Central, west and east Africa are projected to be at the greatest nutritional risk from sea temperature rise, leading to reduced catch in coastal waters . In north Africa, a rise in water temperatures is expected to impact the phenology and migratory patterns of large pelagic species  . Increased sea surface temperatures have been associated with increases in spring and summer upwelling intensity reducing the abundance and larval survival of small pelagic fishes and shellfish in west Africa . Ocean warming, acidification and hypoxia
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report