Adaptive migration and the implied assumption that people can or should simply move out of harm's way is not a substitute for investment in adaptive capacity-building  . Climate-related migration, and especially involuntary displacement, often occurs only after in situ adaptation options have been exhausted and/or where government actions are inadequate . The threshold at which household adaptation transitions from in situ measures to migration is highly context specific and reflects the degree of exposure to specific climate risks, mobility options and the socioeconomic circumstances of the household and local community . A consistent theme in the research literature reviewed for all sections of this chapter is that proactive investments in health, social and physical infrastructure, including those not aimed specifically at climate risks, build societal adaptive capacity and household resilience. In turn, expanding the range of adaptation options available to households increases the likelihood that, when migration does occur, it does so under conditions of high agency that lead to greater chances of success. In communities where climate-related migration and/or relocation is occurring or may occur, policymaking and planning benefits from understanding the cultural, social and economic needs of exposed populations and helps in the identification of responses and policies that build resilience 
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report