Munday et al., 2013), along with intrinsic factors such as generation times and standing genetic variation . Accurately assessing the degree of acclimation and/or adaptation across space and time is difficult and constrains studying adaptive evolution in natural populations. There is a major gap in climate-change biology related to the study of evolutionary responses in complex and long-lived multicellular organisms. Insights on organismal acclimation, adaptation and evolution rely on studies of small, short-lived marine organisms, such as phytoplankton, which divide rapidly and contain high genetic variation in large populations. .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report