There are interactions with land use, for example a decrease in forest cover can exacerbate the effects of rising temperatures . In contrast, Bhatta et al.  showed a downward shift of species assemblages in Langtang National Park, Nepal, most likely related to interactions with land use, especially reduced grazing. Where glaciers retreat, new areas become available for pioneer species to colonise and new communities to form . The risk of extreme events such as wildfire, drought, floods and landslips is increasing in a wide range of places as a result of climate change, and the evidence of the disturbance they cause to ecosystems has grown in recent decades . The impacts of such extreme events may be greater than those of incremental changes.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report