Heavy reliance on aquifers and rainwater harvesting in small islands, particularly atolls, coupled with overcrowding, population growth and contamination increase the risk of waterborne disease . For example, seasonal rainfall in Kiribati is associated with waterborne disease . Future projections indicate increases in the number of days of heavy rainfall by 2050, suggesting future increases in risk in heavily populated areas . Damage to water and sanitation services can cause infectious disease outbreaks, such as the cholera outbreak that occurred in Haiti following TC Matthew .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report