Natural systems in NES are also exposed to climate change. In terrestrial ecosystems, 913,000 km2 of NES' dry forest Caatinga vegetation  is exposed to predicted increases in dryness. Despite what has been previously suggested, the Caatinga has high biodiversity and endemism , which vulnerable to habitat reduction due to climate change and agricultural expansion . Fifty-two percent of the freshwater fish  are endemic  and are exposed to predicted reduction in river flow due to climate change . The coastal waters contain a separate marine ecoregion due to its uniqueness . The region is responsible for 99% of Brazilian shrimp production, which is exposed to SLR and increases in ocean temperature and acidification . Most coral reefs in the Southern Atlantic Ocean are along NES's coast , increasing its conservation and touristic value. The 685 km2 of coral reefs along NES's coast ) are exposed to increased sea temperatures.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report