National policies on climate change, water protection, regulation and management laws are important focal areas of adaptation in the water sector . Notable in the jurisdiction field is the Glacier Protection Law in place in Argentina  and under construction in Chile . This first glacier law in the world represents a milestone for high-mountain conservation but is also criticised for hindering effective disaster risk adaptation measures and excluding local socioeconomic needs . Furthermore, the first Framework Law on Climate Change was implemented in Peru  and is under way in Colombia, Chile and Venezuela . Overarching regional institutions ) and most countries in CSA promote a move towards more integrative and sustainable management of water resources through new legislation and financing mechanisms. For instance, new water laws that include principles of integrated water resource management  have entered into force, for example, in Nicaragua , Peru , Ecuador  and Costa Rica , or are under way, such as in Colombia . However, current realities in all regions show major challenges in implementing IWRM mechanisms and policies, related but not limited to political and institutional instabilities, governance structures, fragmented service provision, lack of economies of scale and scope, corruption and social conflicts  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report