CSA is the second most urbanised region of the world, with 5 megacities and half of the urban population in 129 secondary cities , huge metropolitan areas concentrated on the coast and an increasing number of small cities by the sea . Besides the many climatic events threatening urban areas in the region , cities by the coast are also exposed to SLR . The main determinants of urban vulnerability assessed in the region are poor and unevenly distributed infrastructure, housing deficits and informality, poverty and the occupation of risk areas, including LECZs . Those features of urban systems increase the risks to health, ecosystems and its services, water, food and energy supplies . Impacts of climate events on urban water supply, drainage and sewer infrastructures are the most frequently reported in the region .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report