Historically, Africa has had a unique and sustainable architecture  characterised by area-specific, traditional earthen materials and associated Indigenous technology. Key examples include Tiébélé in Burkina Faso, Walata in Mauritania, Akan in Ghana, Ghadames in Libya, Old Towns of Djenné in Mali  and other diverse earthen architecture across sub-Saharan Africa. Adegun and Adedeji  indicate that earthen materials provide advantages in thermal conductivity, resistivity and diffusivity, indoor and outdoor temperature, as well as cooling and heating capacities. Moreover, earthen materials are recyclable and environmentally 'cleaner'  because of the absence or small quantity of cement in production, thus reducing carbon emissions. Despite these advantages, the expertise and socio- cultural ceremonies that accompany building and renewal of earthen architecture are disappearing fast . Further, earthen construction is being threatened by extreme climatic variability
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report