Mountain settlements and people are globally distributed and represent a significant proportion of the total global population that is exposed to the effects of climate change . Cities with one or several million inhabitants located in mountainous environments or at high elevations are predominantly found in Latin America , Asia  and Africa  . Mountain regions are also host to many settlements with fewer than 500,000 inhabitants . In many cases, particularly in developing countries, portions of the population also reside in informal and low- income settlements , where rates of poverty and inequality exacerbate people's vulnerability and exposure to climate- related hazards such as landslides  , environmental pollution or even pandemic diseases .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report