There is high technological feasibility  of improving water use efficiency as well as of managing water resources at basin and field scales. These approaches include rainwater harvesting, drip irrigation, laser land levelling, drainage management and stubble retention . There is robust evidence  that such measures have socioeconomic co-benefits and improve adaptive capacities through improved water supply  and sustainable water demand management . There is medium evidence  of the option's economic feasibility due to water and energy cost savings enhanced by low-cost monitoring systems in some cases . Implementation costs vary widely, with land forming and irrigation infrastructure requiring substantial up-front investment, while mulches and cover crops are low-cost practices. Water management and use efficiency is currently constrained by governance and institutional factors such as inadequate institutional capacities to prepare for changing water availability, especially in the long term; unsustainable and unequal water use and sharing practices, particularly across boundaries; and fragmented and siloed resource management approaches .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report