such approaches in order to respond to the climate-change challenge in a socially just manner . These non- conflicting aims are described as co-benefits as reiterated in the IPCC reports as a central concept that refers to 'the positive effects that a policy or measure aimed at one objective might have on other objectives, irrespective of the net effect on overall social welfare' . Better understanding of how social justice affects, and is affected by, efforts to build adaptive capacity will be crucial to avoiding unintended, and even perverse, outcomes. For example, on the Andaman coast of Thailand, responses to climate-change trends and events tended to be reactive rather than proactive, making already vulnerable people even more vulnerable and undermining their capacity to adapt in the future . Different forms of inequality, moreover, render some groups more vulnerable
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report