Depending on fiscal devolution levels within a country, public revenues may be collected and managed primarily at the national, state, metropolitan or local level. In federal countries, sub-national governments collect an average of 49.4% of public revenues, compared with only 20.7% in unitary countries . For example, sub-national revenues represent over a quarter of total public revenues in Belgium, Canada and Denmark, but less than 5% in Greece, Ireland and New Zealand . The share of the national revenue transferred to sub-national governments also varies significantly among countries: grants and subsidies account for over
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report