capacity of 400,000 km2 of the forest ; nevertheless, there are considerable uncertainties regarding the effects of CO2 fertilisation in tropical forests and ecosystems  . Extreme drought events increase forest vulnerability to fire, directly affecting the biodiversity and the forest structure and its plant species distribution  . Production sectors are also exposed. SAM is pointed out as a region where agricultural production will be especially impacted by climate change, affecting the production of annual crops, fruits and livestock  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report