In north Africa, livelihoods and economies are strongly dependent on agriculture. Pressure on water demand due to climate change and variability is threatening income, development processes and food security in the region  . Increased temperatures and droughts have enhanced the vulnerability of the irrigation sector , and the combined effect of these hazards negatively affects crop and animal production . For example, dairy farms in Tunisia are experiencing warmer temperatures above the thermoneutral zone of cows for more than 5 months each year, reducing production efficiency and resulting in significant economic losses .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report