warnings through mobile phones or mobilising relief through social media , are proving effective for disaster prepared- ness, relief and recovery. Community-based DRR is consistently rank- ed as most effective for its role in transforming DRR towards being more context relevant and inclusive. Ecosystem-based DRR  is also gaining prominence and includes strategies such as mangrove plantation and rejuvenation in vulnerable coastal areas. Nature-based solutions for flood protection and reducing drought incidence have emerged as an alternative to costlier 'hard' infrastructure . Some cities are also reporting adaptation to heat risk. For example, Ahmedabad  has pioneered preparedness for extreme temperatures and heatwaves by developing annual Heat Action Plans, building regula- tions to minimise trapping heat, advisories about managing heat stress and instituting a cool-roofs policy .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report