Adaptation in ocean and coastal ecosystems continues to be informed primarily by theory, as there is still limited evidence about implemented solutions   and their success across regions, especially in low-income nations . Adapting to climate change depends on society's ability and willingness to anticipate the change, recognise its effects, plan to accommodate its consequences  and implement a coordinated portfolio of informed solutions. Here, the complete portfolio of adaptation solutions is assessed using the taxonomy of Abram et al. :  socio-institutional adaptation,  built infrastructure and technology, and  marine and coastal nature-based solutions  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report