Extreme climatic events pose serious disruptions to local livelihoods and asset bases, requiring people to reconstruct, transform and diversify livelihoods . Examples of livelihood shifts across Asia and Southeast Asia  include rural communities in coastal areas, urban settlements that are experiencing economic losses  from, for example, crop failure and reduced access to fish, which contribute to non-economic losses associated with involuntary migration  and the malnutrition of children . For Bangladesh, Chiba et al.  show a connection between mental stress and impacts to the fundamental capacity to sustain livelihoods, such as food and a place to live, due to severe damage to houses, homesteads, properties, livestock and crops, loss of family members and relatives, and anxiousness about securing employment and income in the future. In Bangladesh coastal communities experienced losses in livelihood assets due to Cyclones Sidr and Aila  and a significant number of cyclone victims were displaced from their homes by severe cyclones. People have had to change their occupations-both intra- and intersectorally-and are confronted by increased consumption and social costs. The study uncovered differences in impacts between occupations, such as farming and fishing; fishers changed their occupation post-disaster. The study also showed evidence that local people are learning to live with change and uncertainty by nurturing and combining various types of knowledge and social memory, generating diversified livelihood options and self-organising to enhance their resilience to future extreme weather events. In Bangladesh, Ahmed et al.  found cyclones, riverbank erosion, salinity intrusion and floods negatively impacted people's lives by reducing their livelihood options. Their study found that when there are limited adaptation strategies, many people turn to 'illegal livelihoods' included using fine mesh nets to collect shrimp fry in the rivers, as well as logging in the Sundarbans. These people include the poorest and vulnerable, and law enforcement only exacerbates their vulnerability. Escarcha et al. , studied impacts of typhoons, floods and droughts on crop production and effects on livelihoods of cash crop focused on rural villages in the Philippines. Their preliminary observations show a shift from crop to livestock production as a buffer activity to recover from crop losses. Farmers changed their farming activities as a multi-adaptive response driven by past experiences of climatic changes, farmers' social relations, household capacity and resources available.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report