Adaptive capacity with respect to climate and conflict remains low in Africa . For example, one study found that, relative to each country's optimal annual temperature, realised temperatures across sub-Saharan Africa increase the annual incidence of war by 29.3% on average . Another finds that rising temperatures due to climate change may lead to higher levels of violence in sub-Saharan Africa if political rights do not improve from current conditions . Available studies on adaptation in conflict-affected areas tend to have a narrow focus, particularly on agriculture-related adaptation in rural contexts and adaptation by low-income actors, with little known beyond these contexts . Literature on the gender dimension of climate adaptation in conflict-affected countries is also limited .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report