The water sector shows a very high vulnerability   mainly due to weak water governance focused on market aspects   . Potable water and adequate sanitation are available in SWS; however, water availability in Chile is unevenly distributed in rural communities  . Spatial differences in water availability are enhanced by strong population growth, economic development, mining activities and the high dependence of agriculture on irrigation  . Droughts in SWS are a major threat to water security   as river streamflows are highly dependent on the interannual to decadal climate conditions, snow melting processes and rainfall events  and impacted by land uses and changes in irrigated agriculture  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report