In North American cities, present-day adaptation responses extend beyond the traditional focus on infrastructure to include measures aimed to protect people, property and ecosystems . Barriers to adaptation include challenges related to the local physical and environmental setting, effects of colonialism and racism, socioeconomic attributes of the population, institutional frameworks and competing interests of city stakeholders . The current scale of adaptation is generally not commensurate with reducing risks from projected climatic hazards, although resources exist that provide guidance and examples of effective adaptation . Some remote Canadian communities have demonstrated strengths  that support resilience to climate change . In some US cities with political resistance to action on climate change, adaptation measures focused on addressing extreme events  have been able to make progress . Enhanced public awareness of the risks from extreme events associated with climate change is important for motivating adaptation  and developing a climate- change agenda .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report