On land, increased global connectivity and mobility, unsustainable exploitation of wild areas and species and land conversion , together with climate change-driven range shifts of species and human migration , have modified the interfaces between people and natural systems . Climate-driven increase in temperature, the frequency and intensity of extreme events as well as changes in precipitation and relative humidity have provided opportunities for rearrangements of disease geography and seasonality, and emergence into new areas  . In particular, malaria has expanded into higher elevations in recent decades and, although attributing this to climate change remains challenging , evidence that the elevational distribution of malaria has tracked warmer temperatures is compelling for some regions . Models based on both empirical relationships between temperature and the Anopheles mosquito and Plasmodium parasite traits that drive transmission  and existing mosquito distributions  predict that warming will increase the risk of malaria in highland East Africa and Southern Africa, while decreasing the risk in some lowland areas of Africa, as temperatures exceed the thermal optimum and upper thermal limit for transmission .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report