Coastal impacts of SLR can be avoided by preventing new development in exposed coastal locations . For existing developments, a range of near-term adaptation options exists, including:  engineered, sediment- or ecosystem-based protection;  accommodation and land-use planning, to reduce the vulnerability of people and infrastructure;  advance through, for example, land reclamation; and  retreat through planned relocation or displacements and migrations due to SLR . Only avoidance and relocation can remove coastal risks for the coming decades, while other measures only delay impacts for a time, have increasing residual risk or perpetuate risk and create ongoing legacy effects and virtually certain property and ecosystem losses  . Large-scale relocation has immense cultural, political, social and economic costs, and equity implications, which can be reduced by fast implementation of climate mitigation and adaptation policies . While relocation may currently appear socially unacceptable, economically inefficient or technically infeasible today , it becomes the only feasible option as protection costs become unaffordable and the limits to accommodation become obvious . Effective responses to rising sea level involve locally applicable combinations of decision analysis, land-use planning, public participation and conflict resolution approaches; together these can anticipate change and help to chart adaptation pathways, over time addressing the governance challenges due to rising sea level  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report