Different governance approaches, such as polycentric governance, adaptive governance, multi-level governance, collaborative governance or network governance, are increasingly utilised to understand the processes of transitioning towards CRD. The potential of polycentric governance approaches for promoting both climate mitigation and adaptation is well established . Polycentric governance deals with active steering of local, regional, national and international actors, and instigates learning from experience across multiple actors, levels of decision making and temporal scales . It is the source of power to achieve collective goals. Polycentric actors have the framing power, power by design and pragmatic power . Polycentric governance offers new opportunities for climate action through more opportunities for communication, trust-building, policy experimentation and learning . Adaptive governance is understood as various interactions between actors, networks, organisations and institutions towards achieving a desired state of social-ecological systems . It requires a structure of nested institutions, diversity at different levels, connected by formal and informal social networks .As Brunner and Lynch  observe, the emergence of community-based initiatives in addressing climate change marks the emergence of adaptive governance.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report