Effective adaptation strategies include protecting source water and managing both water supply and demand. Source water protection  has proven effective in reducing contamination. Improved integrated  water resources management  and governance  and enhanced ecosystem management  lead to policies and regulations that reduce water insecurity and, when developed appropriately, reduce inequities . Supply  augmentation, including dams, storage and rainwater/fog harvesting, can increase the supply or reliability of water for drinking, sanitation and hygiene  . For example, rainwater harvesting in an Inuit community increased water for hygiene by 17%, reduced water retrieval efforts by 40% and improved psychological and financial health . However, climate change impacts will affect amounts of rainwater available. A recent study concluded that domestic water demand met through rainwater harvesting generally improves under climate change scenarios for select communities in Canada and Uganda, with the exception of drier summers in some areas of Canada . Further, it is important to recognise that many of these interventions require financial investments that make them inaccessible to the poorest . Demand for water can be decreased through reductions in water loss from the system   and water conservation measures  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report