Economic trade-offs appear to be more common across adaptation strategies, for example, reduced employment arising from land-use- change measures . There are also trade- offs between large-scale mitigation measures  and adaptation options that rely on ecosystem services  ; and conversely, some adaptation options  may negatively impact mitigation. Figure 13.36 summarises the synergies between adaptation and SDGs as identified by 167 European cities in 2019; particularly prominent are reported biodiversity and health benefits most often arising from societal  and structural  measures. Beyond the urban context, biodiversity co-benefits from agroecology are also recognised . Sustainable behaviour- change measures have been found to be particularly likely to lead to synergies with SDGs .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report