Globally, 23% of croplands are irrigated, providing 34% of global calorie production. Of these lands, 68% experience blue water scarcity at the least one month yr-1 and 37% up to five months yr-1. Such agricultural water scarcity is experienced in mostly drought-prone areas in low- income countries . Approximately three quarters of the global harvested areas  experienced drought- induced yield losses between 1983 and 2009, and the cumulative production losses corresponded to USD 166 billion . Globally, droughts affected both harvested areas and yields, with a reported cereal production loss of 9-10% due to weather extremes between 1964 and 2007. Yield losses were greater by about 7% during recent droughts  due to greater damage-reducing harvested area-compared to losses from earlier droughts , with 8-11% greater losses in high-income countries than in low-income ones . Globally, between 1961 and 2006, it has been estimated that 25% yield loss occurred, with yield loss probability increasing by 22% for maize, 9% for rice and 22% for soybean under drought conditions . Mean climate and climate extremes are responsible for 20-49% of yield anomalies variance, with 18-45% of this variance attributable to droughts and heatwaves . Drought has been singled out as a major driver of yield reductions globally  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report