Research on gender and climate change demonstrates that an understanding of gendered relations is central to addressing the issue of climate change. This is because gender relations mediate experiences with climate change, whether in relation to water  , forests , agriculture  , marine systems   or urban environments  . Climate change has direct negative impacts on women's livelihoods due to their unequal control over and access to resources  and because they are often the ones with the least formal protection  . Women represent 43% of the agricultural labour force globally, but only 15% of agricultural landholders . Gendered and other social inequities also exist with non-land assets and financial services  often due to social norms, local institutions and inadequate social protection . Men may experience different adverse impacts due to gender roles and expectations . These impacts can lead to irreversible losses and damages from climate change across vulnerability hotspots .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report