Climate change can be expected to continue to contribute to the geographical spread of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis  and the spread of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme disease vector Ixodes ricinus in Europe . In Canada, vector surveillance of the black-legged tick I. scapularis identified strong temperature effects on the limits of their occurrence, on recent geographic spread, temporal coincidence in emergence of tick populations and acceleration of the speed of spread . In Europe, increasing temperatures over the 1950-2018 period significantly accelerated the life cycle of Ixodes ricinus and contributed to its spread . Under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, projections indicate a northward and eastward shift of the distribution of I. persulcatus and I. ricinus, vectors of Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis in northern Europe and Russia, with an overall large increase in distribution in the second half of the current century  and increases in intensity of tick-borne encephalitis transmission in central Europe .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report