2018). Many adaptations are specific to regions, countries or sectors, implemented on a regional to national scale . Adaptation likelihood , effectiveness and risk of maladaptation was assessed per major FAO production region for inland, brackish and marine aquaculture  production systems. Potential adaptation measures to reduce production loss can be built upon existing adaptation planning and guidelines, to reduce the risk of maladaptation including feedback loops . Large climate change adaptation strategies for the aquaculture sector exist, such as in the USA , Australia  and South Africa . Lower-income countries often lack financial, technical or institutional capacity for adaptation planning , but examples include Bangladesh and Myanmar , with programmes offering adaptation funding . Early participation of stakeholders in adaptive planning has promoted action and ownership of results , such as in India and the USA  Early outreach, education and knowledge gap assessments raise awareness, where utilisation of local knowledge and Indigenous knowledge and scientific involvement support informed adaptive planning and uptake for all stakeholders  , as perceptions of climate risk and capacity will vary . Supporting the active involvement of women helps address gender inequity and perceived risk, particularly for smallholder farmers  . However, regional and national political influences, financial and technical capacity, governance planning and policy development will ultimately support or hinder adaptation for aquaculture  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report