The literature on limits to adaptation, which is covered in Section 16.4, has strongly evolved since AR5, including links to discussions on loss and damage in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change . While the Summary for Policymakers  of AR4 noted that there was no clear picture of the limits to adaptation, or the cost, AR5 Chapter 16  reported increasing insights emerging from the interactions between climate change and biophysical and socioeconomic constraints, and highlighted the fact that limits could be both hard and soft. It also noted that residual losses and damages will occur from climate change despite adaptation and mitigation action. However, AR5 Chapter 16 still found that the empirical evidence needed to identify limits to adaptation of specific sectors, regions, ecosystems or species that can be avoided with different greenhouse gas  mitigation pathways was lacking.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report