Monitoring and evaluation  are essential for tracking adaptation progress and learning about adaptation success and maladaptation . M&E application has increased since AR5 at the local, project and national level, but is still at an early stage in most countries  and underutilised as a way to assess adaptation outcomes at longer time frames . About one-third of countries have undertaken steps to develop national adaptation M&E systems, but fewer than half of these are reporting on implementation . M&E, as well as tracking global progress on adaptation, are confronted with a number of challenges , such as a comparability in what counts as adaptation and limited availability of data across scales. The relative strength and weaknesses of different approaches and their applicability have not been systematically assessed, but the diversity of approaches being used could provide a more comprehensive assessment of global adaptation progress .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report