Temperature is the primary determinant for vine development. Recent warming trends have advanced flowering, maturity and harvest  , and wine-growing regions have expanded outside the normal temperature bounds of locally grown varieties  . Milder winters have affected harvest in ice-wine growing regions . Higher temperatures have mixed effects depending on site, but generally decrease grape quality . Warming increases sugar accumulation and decreases acidity . Secondary metabolites are negatively affected . Developmental phases are projected to proceed faster in response to warming  . However extreme high temperatures may have inhibitory effects on development .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report