Farmers have historically adapted to environmental changes, and such autonomous adaptation will continue. Higher CO2 levels have a fertilisation effect on plants that is considered to decrease crop production risks . Adaptation solutions to heat and drought risks include changes in sowing and harvest dates, increased irrigation, changes in crop varieties, the use of cover crops and mixed agricultural practices . Under high adaptation, the use of irrigation can substantially reduce risk by both reducing canopy temperature and drought impacts  . Some reductions of maize yields in SEU are still possible, but are balanced by gains in other crops and regions . At 3ºC GWL and beyond, the adaptive capacity is reduced . Crop production is a major consumer of water in agriculture , yet a potentially scarcer supply of water in some regions must be distributed across many needs , limiting availability to agriculture which is currently the main user of water in many regions of Europe  . Where the ability to irrigate is limited by water availability, other adaptation options are insufficient to mitigate crop losses in some sub-regions, particularly at 3ºC GWL and above, with an increase in risk from north to south and higher risk for late-season crops such as maize . Under these conditions, land abandonment is projected  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report