Water resources in mountains and dependent lowlands will continue to be strongly impacted by climate change throughout the 21st century . The difference in impacts will be particularly strong in regions that greatly depend on glacier and snowmelt and, in pronounced dry seasons , in regions including Central Asia, South Asia, tropical and subtropical western South America and southwestern North America . Glaciers are expected to continue to lose mass throughout the 21st century, with higher mass loss under high emission scenarios ). Many low- elevation and small glaciers around the world will lose most of their total mass at 1.5°C GWL   . For tropical and mid-latitude mountains, around half of the current ice mass can be preserved under low-emission scenarios, while between two-thirds and up to more than 90% will be lost under high emission scenarios compared to the 2000s   . Significant differences in impacts between the emission scenarios have also been assessed for declines in snow depth or mass at lower elevations ]. However, limitations in long-term climate, glaciological and hydrological monitoring data add uncertainty to the current understanding and adaptation support, for example, when peak water is reached in different mountain catchments . Furthermore, context-specific sociocultural and economic factors can magnify or moderate impacts related to hydrological change .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report