Competition over use of major aquaculture feed crops  with terrestrial livestock , and fish use by terrestrial livestock, will also place pressure on fish and crop resources  . Increases in feed prices will affect fish and meat prices , and changes in agriculture will be needed to satisfy aquaculture demands . Aquaculture and livestock dietary components may also compromise crops and forage fish that provide essential nutrients for low-income households increasing nutritional insecurity, in regions of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America . Waste fish products can supplement fish meal and oil to reduce competition for feed, as well as reducing use of fish that could go to human consumption  . Use of algae, bacteria, yeast and insect diets could replace fishmeal for aquaculture , not affecting nutritional profiles , and fish could be reared on waste by-products of other food production systems . Complete fish oil substitutions with microalgae may be possible without compromising omega-3 contents, but energy usage in diet production should be considered Cottrell et al. . Substitutions of plant-based and alternative feeds may decrease food conversion efficiencies , affect omega-3 content of farmed seafood , be problematic for the fish themselves  and lead to reduced productivity .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report