Advances in the attribution of extreme weather events have made it possible to determine the causal relationship between droughts, floods and climate change for some cities, particularly those with long hydro-meteorological records . Attribution analysis shows that urbanisation contributed to the increase in both frequencies of local and abrupt heavy rainfall events in the city, at a rate of 1.5 and 1.8 10 yr-1, respectively . A multi-method attribution showed that the likelihood of prolonged rainfall deficit in Cape Town  during 2015-2017 was made more likely by a factor of 3.3  due to anthropogenic climate change . These results show that climate change has impacted the return time of extreme droughts in the Western Cape, exceeding the capacity of the existing water supply system to cope  . In Baton Rouge , a rapid attribution study showed that the probability of an event such as the intense precipitation and flash flooding of August 2016 has increased by at least a factor of 1.4 due to radiative forcing  . In Houston , a study found that the combination of urbanisation and climate change nearly doubled peak discharge  during Hurricane Harvey , suggesting that land use change magnified the effects of climate change on catchment response to extreme precipitation events  . According to a multi-method approach, the 2014/2015 drought event in Sao Paulo  was more likely to have been driven by water use changes and population growth than climate change  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report