Nature-based solutions   provides an example of how innovative ideas can expand the climate solution space . A commonly used definition of NbS is that of The World Conservation Union , which defines it as 'actions to protect, sustainably manage, and restore natural or modified ecosystems, that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits' . In the context of IPCC, it focuses on NbS which deliver climate change adaptation or mitigation benefits. NbS generally benefits biodiversity and supports its role in both climate mitigation and adaptation. While the carbon-sequestering mitigation role of increasing forest and tree cover has dominated much of the earlier discussions, the role of NbS in promoting adaptation of natural ecosystems and human societies to climate change is being increasingly emphasised. The details of different categories of ecosystem services in the ocean or on land, including biodiversity, food provision, other provisioning services , and regulating and cultural services are described in Chapters 2 and 3.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report