developing national adaptation M&E systems, although less than half are yet reporting on implementation . Country- specific adaptation M&E systems vary considerably regarding their legal mandate, purpose, content, involved actors and types of reporting . In most cases, they focus primarily on monitoring implementation rather than assessing outcomes, although some are linked to national climate risk or vulnerability assessments  . At least 15 countries have published evaluations of national adaptation plans which help inform the development of successive adaptation plans or strategies . Nevertheless, there is only limited empirical evidence of the ability of M&E systems to facilitate action or increase the level of ambition of revised policies. More research is needed to determine the quality of national adaptation M&E systems and how well they support the policy cycle.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report