Useful lessons can be drawn from experience to effectively incorporate IK, LK and CBA in adaptation strategies. A number of barriers to adaptation have also been recognised . Considering that IK and LK is increasingly threatened by colonisation, acculturation, dispossession of land rights, and environmental and social change, among others ; SR15Section 4.3.5 ] Seppälä  highlighted the importance of supporting community efforts to document, vitalise and protect it. It is essential to consider goals, identity and livelihood priorities of Indigenous Peoples and local communities, including those beyond natural resource management . Adaptation processes are more likely to be transformational when they are locally driven  . This requires adaptive institutional frameworks, capable of navigating the complex dynamic of socio-ecosystems   , SR15 Section 5.3.1 ]. It is important to consider power relations and priority differences to avoid causing social disruption and inequality. 'We need to keep asking: Who benefits? Who loses? Who is empowered? Who is disempowered?' .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report