Human adaptation comprises an array of measures  that modulate harm or exploit opportunities from climate change . Adaptation options that respond to key ocean and coastal risks  focus on individuals, livelihoods and economic sectors that benefit from ocean and coastal ecosystem services . AR5 concluded that local adaptation measures would not alone be enough to offset global effects of increased climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems, and that mitigation of emissions would also be necessary  . SROCC assessed that ecosystem-based adaptation, including MPAs   and adaptive management, are effective to reduce climate-change impacts , but that existing marine governance is insufficient to provide an effective adaptation response in the marine ecosystem  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report