In the Mediterranean Sea , the increase in climate extremes and mass-mortality events reported in AR5 has continued  . Extreme- weather events  and MHWs have become more frequent  and are associated with mass mortality of benthic sessile species across the basin  . Since AR5, in the Persian Gulf and Red Sea, extreme temperatures, together with disease and predation, have continued to cause bleaching-induced mortality of corals, along with declines in the average coral-colony size  . Poleward migration and tropicalisation of species  has also continued in the Mediterranean, and these phenomena have also become an issue in the Black Sea  . Climate impacts on phytoplankton production and phenology show high spatial heterogeneity across the Mediterranean Sea  , with consequent effects on the diversity and abundance of zooplankton and fish species  . Changes in primary production and a decrease in river runoff have also altered the optimum habitats for small pelagic fish in the Mediterranean, from the local to the basin scale . Evidence of impacts from ocean acidification is increasing, with the rates of coral calcification showing major decline in the Red Sea  . In the Mediterranean Sea, evidence of acidification events have been reported at the local scale , with impacts on bivalves and coralligenous species  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report