The WEF nexus is an approach that recognises that water, energy and food are linked in a complex web of relationships in the hydrological, biological, social, and technological realms . For instance, agricultural production requires significant energy inputs due to intensive groundwater pumping . Similarly, hydropower production often has trade-offs with irrigation, affecting food production, carbon emission and forest protection . New technologies, such as desalination plants for urban water supply against future climate change and drought, are also very energy-intensive  . Quantifying the complex interdependencies among food, energy and water is critical to achieving the SDGs and reducing trade-offs . A key benefit of the nexus approach is to leverage the interconnection of WEF and achieve the most efficiency in the overall systems. Hence, this approach allows for widening the set of salient stakeholders and, therefore, solution possibilities that may otherwise not be possible in single- domain efforts and helps connect these stakeholders to achieve synergistic goals .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report