Transformation is often approached as a process of institutional transformation, akin to the process described in Section 6.4.2 . Transformation engages with critiques of adaptation or risk reduction as an individual responsibility . The idea is to use transformation to focus on coordinating collective efforts . The coordination of multiple actors is a condition to enable transformative institutions  and link adaptation action to development efforts . The role of communities and citizens in such an approach to transformation is ambiguous. Sometimes communities and citizens are presented as critical agents of transformation . Other times, however, they are simply situated within strong and durable networks that provide the institutional setting to build resilience . Despite the political nature of transformative approaches and the evidence that transformative approaches rely on protest and political activism, few authors recognise this strategy .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report