Other breeding approaches assisted by genomics have been making steady gains in introducing traits that adapt crops to climate change . DNA sequence information is used to identify markers of desirable traits that can be enriched in breeding programmes, as well as to quantify the genetic variability in species . However, breeding for smallholder farmers and the stresses caused by climate change are unlikely to be addressed by the private sector and will require more public investment and adjusting to the local social- ecological system . Modern biotechnology has not demonstrated the scale neutrality needed to serve smallholder-dominated agroecosystems, due to a combination of the kinds of traits and restrictions that come from the predominant intellectual property rights instruments used in their commercialisation, as well as the focus on a small number of major crop species  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report