An overarching enabling condition for achieving system transitions and transformations is the presence of enabling governance systems . Recent literature on the translation of governance into system transitions in practice suggests four key actions are important. The first is the critical reflection on so-called 'development solutions', alternatively framed by some as 'empty promises', that worsen climate risk, inequity, injustice and ultimately lead to unsustainable development . Examples include development aid , large-scale development projects such as biofuel production in Ethiopia  and urban growth management in Vietnam . The second is the recognition that while the power of different actors and institutions is often tied to access to resources and the ability to constrain the actions of others, other dimensions of power such as its ability to produce knowledge as well as its contingency on circumstances and relationships are also important in enabling energy transitions . Third, governance systems can help to develop productive interactions between formal government institutions, the private sector and civil society including the provision 'safe arenas' for social actors to deliberate and pursue transitional and transformational change  . Fourth, governance can address challenges such as climate change from a systems perspective and
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report