Many of the observed responses to climate change aim to reduce exposure of people to climate-related hazards, such as flood defences, sea walls and embankments , rather than aiming specifically to address structural vulnerability to climate change, which means the root causes of vulnerability . Evidence suggests that responses to the impacts of climate change should consider the physical climate event, and also historical and institutional root causes that make people or systems vulnerable. However, addressing structural vulnerability must be balanced with the political context and the range of options available to people, communities or countries . Political frameworks need to consider both types of responses, to revive democratic debate and citizenship . In addition to reducing poverty and vulnerability, planned climate change responses must also be intersectoral, in order
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report