As in the Arctic, warming substantially exceeding the global average has already been observed in the northern parts of the temperate and boreal forest zone , and is projected to continue ). As a consequence, boreal tree species are expected to move northwards  into regions dominated by tundra, unless constrained by edaphic features, and temperate species are projected to grow in regions currently occupied by southern boreal forest . In both biomes, deciduous trees are simulated to grow increasingly in regions currently dominated by conifers . These simulation results have been supported by observational examples. In eastern Siberia, fire disturbance of larch-dominated forest was followed by recovery to birch-dominated forest . In
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report