Range shifts are leading to northward and upwards expansions of warm-adapted taxa  . These shifts have altered species living in the boreal and alpine tundra  and are greening the high Arctic tundra with shrubs and trees . Plants display more stable distributions at low than at higher mountain altitudes . Microclimatic variability in some locations can buffer warming impacts  . Northward shifts of tree species distributions is documented in north-western Europe  but not consistently detected .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report