Changed climates have increased water constraints of vegetation growth most notably in the Mediterranean  and West and Central Asia . Climate change and elevated CO2 have both increased and decreased vegetation sensitivity to rainfall throughout drylands, with the degree of variation shaped by region, land use and vegetation traits . Mineral nitrogen production in drylands may become increasingly decoupled from consumption by plants over prolonged dry periods, and more extreme hydrological events can drive multiple changes to nutrient cycling . Soil biocrusts , which contribute to dryland ecosystem function, including carbon uptake and soil stabilisation , are sensitive to warming and altered rainfall in a shift in biocrust communities of mosses and lichens in favour of early successional cyanobacteria-dominated biocrusts , which can increase surface albedo .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report