Urban areas have more than half of the global population and consume about 70% of the total food supply . The urban population is projected to grow further to about 70% of the global population by 2050 . Direct evidence supporting climate resilience of urban and peri-urban agriculture  is limited and contextual, but there is medium confidence of multi-functional benefits from UPA, depending on regions and types of UPA . UPA takes different forms of production, and can be broadly classified into four categories, depending on operating characteristics and capital inputs  . Controlled environments can protect crops, livestock and fish from extreme weather events or pest and disease outbreak . Innovative indoor farming such as vertical farming can be highly productive with minimal water and nutrient supply but can be capital intensive with high energy demand , and those with aquaponics can be water demanding . Currently, commodities are often limited to crops with short growing seasons such as leafy vegetables. Vertically grown crops are more expensive than field-grown produce and, thus, not accessible for low-income urban dwellers . Community and institutional unconditioned  farms and gardens are better positioned to provide increased access to healthy food to those who need it .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report