In the Brazilian Amazon, deforestation to clear agricultural land comprises the principal cause of tree mortality, reducing forest cover by an average of 13,900 km2 yr1 from 1988 to 2020 . In addition, in a set of 310 Amazon field plots, an annual average temperature increase of 1.2°C from 1950 to 2018  contributed to tree mortality of ~40% from 1983 to 2011 . In another set of plots, mortality among newly recruited trees of mesic genera increased and drought-tolerant genera became more abundant from 1985 to 2015 . In other plots, tree mortality did not show a statistically significant change from 1965 to 2016, but rose abruptly in severe drought years, mainly during warm phases of the ENSO . Nearly half the area of the Amazon has experienced extremely dry conditions during ENSO warm phases; this can cause extensive wildfire . Wildfires can increase tree mortality rates by >600% above rates in non-burned areas, with the higher mortality persisting for up to a decade after a fire . Climate change has contributed to tree mortality in the Amazon rainforest .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report