Nature-based solutions for adaptation of ocean and coastal ecosystems can achieve multiple benefits when well designed and implemented , but their effectiveness declines without ambitious and urgent mitigation . Nature-based solutions, such as ecosystem-based management, climate-smart conservation approaches  and coastal habitat restoration, can be cost-effective and generate social, economic and cultural co- benefits while contributing to the conservation of marine biodiversity and reducing cumulative anthropogenic drivers . The effectiveness of nature-based solutions declines with warming; conservation and restoration alone will be insufficient to protect coral reefs beyond 2030  and to protect mangroves beyond the 2040s . The multidimensionality of climate-change impacts and their interactions with other anthropogenic stressors calls for integrated approaches that identify trade-offs and synergies across sectors and scales in space and time to build resilience of ocean and coastal ecosystems and the services they deliver . 
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report