Urban settlements are drivers of climate change, generating about 70% of global CO2-eq emissions  . This global impact feeds back to cities through the exposure of infrastructure, people and business to the impacts of climate-related hazards. Especially in the larger cities, this climate feedback is exacerbated by local choices in urban design, land use, building design and human behaviour  that shape local environmental conditions. Local and global conditions influence the nature of hazards in urban centres: urban form can add up to 2°℃ to warming, concretisation of open space can increase runoff and building height and orientation influences wind direction and strength .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report