Ensemble global model projections indicate future increases in primary production and total animal biomass towards 2100 under RCP2.6  and RCP8.5 , in the Arctic , highlighting opportunities for, and possibly conflicts over, new ecosystem services . For the Southern Ocean, no overall trends are apparent, but greater variability in both primary production and total animal biomass are projected under RCP2.6, with an ~5 and 15% increase in primary production and total animal biomass under RCP8.5, respectively . All projections presented exhibit high inter-model variability and hence uncertainty . Furthermore, regional models project significant distributional shifts and wide-ranging trends (i.e., relatively stable, increasing and
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report