TS.D.5.5 Adaptation options that promote intensification of production have been widely adopted in agriculture for climate change adaptation, but with potential negative effects . Agricultural intensification addresses short-term food security and livelihood goals but has trade-offs in equity, biodiversity and ecosystem services . Irrigation is widely used and effective for yield stability, but with several negative outcomes, including water demand , groundwater depletion , alteration of local to regional climates , increasing soil salinity , widening inequalities and loss of rural smallholder livelihoods with weak governance . Conventional breeding assisted by genomics introduces
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report