Research on water diplomacy recommends broadening negotiations beyond a narrow focus on zero-sum issues, like rigid water allocations, to embrace a more diverse set of shared interests including the need for flexibility to respond to changing conditions. A process for ongoing inclusive engagement of a watershed's stakeholders in mutual social, policy and science learning is important. Such mutual learning can build trust and establish a common platform of credible information for co- creation of adaptation solutions. In addition, better understanding of the policy positions and constraints of others can help stakeholders to identify workable solutions to contentious water management issues . Cooperation between Mexico and the USA on mapping and assessment of transboundary aquifers is a product of such ongoing engagement . Other examples of the benefits of sustained engagement are provided by a set of co-management arrangements between state, federal and Indigenous authorities on water management for fishery restoration in the US Pacific Northwest  and Indigenous involvement in multi-level co-management of water resources in Canada's Northwest Territories .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report