Nature-based solutions are showing promising results in achieving adaptation and mitigation outcomes across marine and coastal ecosystems , but NbS have different degrees of readiness in marine ecosystems . Habitat restoration and recovery are highly effective in specific settings and conditions . Restoring and conserving vegetated coastal habitats  represent robust NbS, especially in the tropics, and particularly when paired with restoration and conservation of terrestrial ecosystems  . Although most of the focus on NbS efficacy has been on coastal and shelf ecosystems , recent advances point to an emerging role of NbS beyond coastal waters in the form of area-based management tools in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction , because sustainable fisheries and aquaculture and climate- responsive MPAs have high potential to adapt .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report