Terrestrial ecosystems currently remove more carbon from the atmosphere, 2.5-4.3 Gt yr-1, than they emit , and so are currently a net sink of -1.9 + 1.1 Gt y-1. Intact tropical rainforests, Arctic permafrost, peatlands and other healthy high-carbon ecosystems provide a vital global ecosystem service of preventing the release of stored carbon . Terrestrial ecosystems contain stocks of ~3500 GtC in vegetation, permafrost, and soils, three to five times the amount of carbon in unextracted fossil fuels  and >4 times the carbon currently in the atmosphere . Tropical forests and Arctic permafrost contain the highest ecosystem carbon stocks in aboveground vegetation and in soil, respectively, in the world (high
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report