Many megacities plan to continue a protection strategy . This becomes increasingly costly, institutionally challenging and requires space, possibly facilitated through local relocation. There is high agree- ment that many C&S are locked-in to a self-reinforcing pathway: coastal defences have a long lifetime and attract people and assets that require further protection . Transitioning to alternative pathways may involve major transfer and sunk costs , but these may prove to be less costly in the long term. Because of considerable inertia in the built form of cities, such transitions have a greater chance of success and alignment with societal goals if embedded early into C&S planning and development process- es that enable transformational change and CRD .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report