Ocean and coastal NbS can contribute to global mitigation efforts, especially with ocean renewable energy and restoration and preservation of carbon ecosystems . Technological, economic and financing barriers presently hamper development of renewable ocean energy . Such development could help small nations reliant on imported fuel meet their climate-mitigation goals and decrease risk from global fuel- supply dynamics , but progress is limited by lack of investment  or equipment . Wave-energy installations, possibly co-located with wind turbines , are promising for both low- to middle-income nations and areas with significant island or remote coastal geographies . Wave-energy capture may also diminish storm- induced coastal erosion . Tidal energy is a relatively new technology  with limiting siting requirements . Ocean renewable-energy expansion faces other technological obstacles including lack of implementable or scalable energy-capture devices, access to offshore sites, competing coastal uses, potential
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report