In the past years, tree mortality continued to increase in many parts of the world. Large pulses of tree mortality were consistently linked to warmer and drier than average conditions for forests throughout the temperate and boreal biomes  . Long-term monitoring of tropical forests indicates that climate change has begun to increase tree mortality and alter regeneration . Climate- related die back has also been observed due to novel interactions between the life cycles of trees and pest species . A recent example of the impacts of climatic extremes is the European drought of 2018 , which led to a significant browning of the vegetation and resulted in widespread tree mortality  . This brought markets for conifer timber close to collapse in parts of Europe, posing considerable challenges for timber-based forestry and leading to cascading impacts on society . Overall, there is robust evidence and medium agreement that provisioning services of boreal and temperate forests are affected negatively by forest disturbances, while for cultural
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report