Risks to marine and coastal European ecosystems are very likely to intensify  in response to projected further warming. Since the capacity of natural systems for autonomous adaptation is limited  , pronounced changes in community composition and biodiversity patterns are projected by 2100 for TEUS and the eastern Mediterranean Sea  for >3ºC GWL , challenging conservation efforts . At 1.5°C GWL, particularly in winter, Mediterranean coastal fish communities are projected to lose ~10% of species, increasing to ~60% at 4℃ GWL , exacerbating regime shifts linked to overexploitation  . Warming at this level will threaten many species currently living in marine protected areas  in TEUS and NEUS . Increasing marine heatwaves , particularly in SEUS at 4°C GWL , elevate risks for species , coastal biodiversity, and ecosystem functions, goods and services ; however, MWH-related risk levels differ among biotas  and across European seas .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report