Knowledge has improved on limits to adaptation, including projected timeframes of limits for hard protection  and EbA  . There is also a better understanding that barriers and governance challenges vary by island and island groups  and result in them having different adaptive capacities . A major barrier to adaptation is limited information on the feasibility, outcomes and sustainability of adaptation responses in small islands. Moreover, limited time series data on monitoring and evaluation make evaluating the feasibility of adaptation responses difficult.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report