Widespread and severe impacts on ecosystems and species are now evident across the region  . Climate impacts reflect both ongoing change and discrete extreme weather events , and the climatic change signal is emerging despite confounding influences . Fundamental shifts are observed in the structure and composition of some ecosystems and associated services . Impacts documented for species include global and local extinctions, severe regional population declines and phenotypic responses . In terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, land use impacts are interacting with climate, resulting in significant changes to ecosystem structure, composition and function , with some landscapes experiencing catastrophic impacts . Some of the observed changes may be irreversible where projected impacts on ecosystems and species persist . Of note is the global extinction of an endemic mammal species, the Bramble Cay melomys , from the loss of habitat attributable in part to sea level rise  and storm surges in the Torres Strait .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report