Most domestic livestock have comfort zones in the range 10-30℃, depending on species and breed . At higher temperatures, animals eat 3-5% less per additional degree of temperature, reducing their productivity and fertility. Heat stress suppresses the immune and endocrine system, enhancing susceptibility of the animal to disease . Recent stagnation in dairy production in West Africa and China may be associated with increased periods of high daily temperatures  . Increases in the productive capacity of domestic animals can compromise thermal acclimation and plasticity, creating further loss. Escalating demand for livestock products in low-to-middle-income countries  may necessitate considerable adaptation in the face of new thermal environments  . Heat effects on productivity have been summarised for pigs , sheep and goats , and cattle . The direct effects of higher
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report