associated development to sea level rise is high, increasing risks, and is concentrated in and around coastal cities and settlements . High population growth and urbanisation in low-lying coastal zones will be the major driver of increasing exposure to sea level rise in the coming decades . By 2030, 108- 116 million people will be exposed to sea level rise in Africa , increasing to 190-245 million by 2060 . By 2050, more than a billion people located in low-lying fcities and settlements will be at risk from coast-specific climate hazards, influenced by coastal geomorphology, geographical location and adaptation action . 
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report