Adaptation options to sea level rise in the Mediterranean include nature-based solutions, such as beach and shore nourishment, dune restoration, or ecosystem-based adaptation and restoration in low-lying coasts, lagoons, estuaries and deltas . Engineering plays a major role for coastal adaptation too, through breakwaters, seawalls, dykes, surge barriers and submerged breakwaters . Many engineering-based coastal adaptation imply large residual impacts on coastal ecosystems  . A sea surface height control dam at the Strait of Gibraltar has been proposed for mitigating sea level rise in the Mediterranean, but this would likely involve major impacts on ecosystems and fisheries .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report