Ecosystem protection and restoration, ecosystem-based adaptation , and nature-based solutions  can lower climate risk to people and achieve multiple benefits including food and material provision, climate mitigation and social benefits . Table Box 18.5.3 presents some examples of ecosystem adaptation practices reported in WGIl sectoral and regional chapters and CCPs, as well as their co-benefits, potential for maladaptation and enabling conditions. Many of the strategies focus on integrated systems  as well as the fair use of resources. However, there is limited evidence of the extent to which adaptation is taking place and virtually no evaluation of the effectiveness of adaptation in the scientific literature . Enabling conditions for the successful implementation ecosystem-based practice include regional and community-based based approaches, multi-stakeholder and multi-level governance approaches, Integration of local knowledge and Indigenous knowledge, finance and social equity .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report