Natural forest and woodland ecosystem processes are experiencing differing impacts and responses depending on the climate zone . In Australia, an overall increase in the forest fire danger index, associated with warming and drying trends , has been observed particularly for southern and eastern Australia in recent decades . The 2019-2020 mega wildfires of south eastern Australia burnt between 5.8 and 8.1 million hectares of mainly temperate broadleaf forest and woodland, but with substantial areas of rainforest also impacted, and were unprecedented in their geographic location, spatial extent and forest types burnt . The human influence on these events is evident  . The fires had significant consequences for wildlife   and flow-on impacts for aquatic fauna . In southern Australia, deeply rooted native tree species can access soil and groundwater resources during drought, providing a level of natural resilience . However, the Northern Jarrah forests of south western Australia have experienced tree mortality and dieback from long-term precipitation decline and acute heatwave-compounded drought . While there is limited information on observed impacts for New Zealand, increased mast seeding events in beech forest ecosystems that stimulate invasive population irruptions have been recorded .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report