van Vliet et al.  projected that even a 20% increase in efficiency of thermoelectric power plants might not be enough to offset the risks of water stress by mid-century . Therefore, thermoelectric power plants will need additional adaptation measures such as changes in cooling water sources and alternative cooling technologies . In China, many CFPPs in water- scarce North China have adopted air cooling technologies . In Europe, wet/dry cooling towers  and seawater cooling  have been the preferred options. Overall, freshwater withdrawals for adapted cooling systems under all scenarios are projected to decline by -3% to -63% by 2100 compared to the base year of 2000  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report