forest, tropical shrubland, tropical dry forest and tropical mountain system . Mangroves are not explicitly considered in the FAO classification. Tropical rainforest occurs largely in South America, Africa, and South and Southeast Asia, and is the most intact tropical forest biome . Significant portions of tropical moist forest, which abut tropical rainforest in many regions but experience a longer dry season, have been lost in most regions . Tropical moist forest typically grades into the highly threatened tropical dry forest ecological zone, of which only about a third exists under forest cover at present. Only about 44% of tropical mountain systems, which occur approximately above 1000 m above mean sea level, are presently under forest cover. While the FAO classification provides the potential tropical ecological zones , there are large differences in the extents of global tropical forest biomes which are still remaining as reported by different sources . These differences result from differences in biome definition, data source, the definition of 'forest', and the method used for classifying remotely sensed data. For example, the reported global area of tropical dry forests ranges from 105 to 645 Mha .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report