Riverine flood displacement can lead to increases or decreases in temporary or short-distance migration flows, depending on the local context  . Floods are a particularly important driver of displacement in river valleys and deltas in Asia and Africa, although large flood-related displacements have been recorded by the IDMC in all regions. In Africa, populations exposed to low flood risks, as compared with other regions, are observed to have a greater vulnerability to displacement due to limited economic resources and adaptive capacity . In areas where flooding is especially frequent, in situ adaptations may be more common, and out-migration may temporarily decline after a flood . Rates of indefinite or permanent migration tend not to change following riverine floods unless damage to homes and livelihood assets is especially severe and widespread, with household perceptions of short- and longer-term risks playing an important role .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report