Urban vulnerabilities and exposure to climate change are increasing  and are influenced by patterns of urban settlement and housing characteristics . About 70% of African cities are highly vulnerable to climate shocks of which small- and medium-sized towns and cities are more at risk . Flooding was perceived as the most prominent water risk in 75% of 36 sampled cities across African sub-regions, while drought-related water scarcity was indicated as very important/important in 66.7% of cities . Almost one-third of African cities with populations of 300,000 or more are located in areas of high exposure to at least one natural hazard, including floods  and droughts  using natural hazard data for the period 1970s to early 2000s . The coastal cities of east, west and north Africa are particularly vulnerable to the effects of rising sea levels . From 2000-2015, the proportion of people exposed to floods increased for most African countries, with Mozambique and multiple countries in West Africa estimated to have had the proportion of their populations exposed to flooding increase more than 50% .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report