Soil plays a vital role in ecosystem function, is the habitat of a large number of species and is a large carbon store which is currently a major source of GHG emissions; it is therefore a priority for climate change research . Major uncertainties remain in our understanding of soil functions. ESMs predict that soil respiration will increase with rising temperatures . However, there is evidence of acclimation post-increase  as the opposite response of decrease in respiration with warming . Long-term, large-scale field observations combined with a better conceptual understanding of the factors governing soil process responses to climate change are needed. A better understanding of plant-water relations is also necessary, including the response of plant transpiration to increased CO2, climate warming and changes in soil moisture and groundwater elevation.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report