or underestimate the impacts on biodiversity . The additional risk of the combined effects of climate change and other impacts  on species has been raised since the Third Assessment Report. The terrestrial hotspots projected to be most affected by global warming are, in general, those already being impacted by loss of habitat due to land use change  . This remains a trend in the recent literature, although most studies still address only one stressor . For example, Mantyka-Pringle et al.  show that when the interaction between projected climate change and habitat loss is taken into account, the extinction risk of birds and
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report