Rivers already under stress from human activities such as urban development and farming on floodplains are prone to reduced resilience to future extreme events  . Thus, the potential for floods to become catastrophic for ecosystem services is exacerbated by LULCC . However, biota can recover rapidly from extreme flood events if river geomorphology is not greatly altered. If instream habitat is strongly affected, recovery, if it occurs, takes much longer, resulting in a decline of biodiversity  .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report