In Africa, many communities already experience drought- and flood- related disasters  such as those that negatively impact livelihoods and assets in the Muzarabani district of Zimbabwe . In Muzarabani community has revived and developed new livelihood strategies to manage risks, including local informal safety nets, local farming practices and the traditional flood- proofing structures. Food security and agriculture productivity are examples of livelihood resources most at risk to climate hazards  . An illustration of such risks to cocoa farmers in Ghana includes increased incidences of crop pests and diseases, wilting of cocoa leaves, high mortality of cocoa seedlings which affected expansion and farm rehabilitation, and wilting of cherelles resulting in losses of crop yield. An illustration of livelihood shifts resulting from losses is of farmers shifting to cereals due to the unpredictable climatic patterns and the shortened duration of rainfall. Yet, insecurity with storage, supply chains and low returns from cereal production, coupled with land scarcity in the Western region, have resulted in a return to cocoa production .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report