The first two catalysing conditions described below address the costs of delaying action. Urgency increases the awareness of individuals and organisations of such costs, while windows of opportunity, including extreme events, are time-bound periods during which certain actions are possible, but after which they are more difficult or impossible. The other two conditions stimulate new forms or levels of action by promoting or directing step changes from one policy or management regime to another . Litigation over adaptation issues, for example, can open new lines of action or close off old ones, while catalysing agents advance action through a variety of means . As detailed below, these four catalysing conditions can operate together as well as separately to promote more prompt and extensive adaptations.
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report