Urbanisation in Africa is affected by climate conditions in rural agricultural areas . Urbanisation can increase when reduced moisture availability depresses farm incomes or pastoral livelihoods become unviable . The influence of rainfall on rural-urban migration increased since decolonisation, possibly due to more lenient legislation on internal mobility, with each 1% reduction in precipitation below a long-term average associated with a 0.45% increase in urbanisation . The rate of rural-urban migration is anticipated to increase  as a result of increasing vulnerability of agricultural livelihoods to climate change . Nevertheless, rural-urban migration is not a simple one-way process. Peri-urban and rural areas provide developmental feedback loops, helping create a 'regional agglomeration' effect, for instance, through growing food demand, family and social connections, and flows back to rural areas of goods and services and financial investments .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report