approach to both mitigation and adaptation. Following adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015, the UN SDGs  came into force in 2016, including SDG14 specifically dedicated to Life Below Water . In 2017, the first UN Ocean Conference was held , the UNFCCC adopted the Ocean Pathway to increase ocean-targeted multilateral climate action  and the UN Assembly declared 2021-2030 the Decade for Ocean Science for Sustainable Development . Next, 14 world leaders formed the High-Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy to produce the New Ocean Action Agenda, founded on 100% sustainable management of national ocean spaces by 2025 . All of these initiatives position oceans centrally within the climate-policy and biodiversity-conservation landscapes and seek to develop a coherent effort and common frameworks to achieve marine sustainability , new economic opportunities , more equitable outcomes  and decisive climate mitigation and adaptation , to achieve truly transformative change .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report