The nature of climate risk also involves risks from responses themselves . The risks of climate change responses include the possibility of responses not achieving their intended objectives or having trade-offs or adverse side effects for other societal objectives . In particular, human responses may create novel hazards and unexpected side effects and entail opportunity costs and path dependencies . Such feedback loops can unfold at local and global scales, including large- scale interactions among climate, ecological and human systems with human behaviour and decision making affecting such interactions. Response risks can originate from uncertainty in implementation, maladaptation, action effectiveness, technology development or adoption, or transitions in systems . Typical risks may be related to regulation, litigation, competition, sociopolitics or reputation. Interactions across responses can importantly involve co-benefits for other objectives, such as for human health and well-being which may be improved from both reduced air pollution  and enhanced adaptation to climate change. The nature of risk also entails residual impacts that will occur even with ambitious societal
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report