The intersection of health and multi-sectoral DRR and manage- ment, generally described as health emergency and disaster risk management , encompasses multi-sectoral approaches from epidemic preparedness and response including the capacities for implementing the International Health Regulations , health systems strengthening and health systems resilience . Health-EDRM costs to governments are notably lower than the cost of inaction . Additional per capita costs in low-income countries have been estimated to range from USD 4.33  and USD 4.16 , and in upper middle-income countries to an additional USD 1.35 in capital costs and USD 1.41 in extra annual recurrent costs . Adopting a health-EDRM approach supports the systematic integration of health and multi-sectoral EDRM to ensure a holistic approach to health risks and assists in the alignment of action in health security, climate change and sustainable development .
IPCC
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
IPCC Report