article: Abbasid Caliphate
links: Arab Cairo Hulagu Khan Christian Dirham Pakistan Mahdi Caliphate Egypt Sunni Islam Umayyad Empire Baghdad Islamic Golden Age Caliph Algeria Morocco Umayyad Caliphate Mongols Palestine Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah Amir al-Mu'minin Al-Andalus Classical Arabic Islam Libya Tunisia Muhammad Battle of Baghdad (1258) Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib Fatimid Caliphate Harran