article: Umar
links: Uthman ibn Affan Prophet's Mosque Dhu al-Hijjah Hejaz Salat Caliphate Hafsa bint Umar Byzantine Empire Slavery Arabian Peninsula Uthman Sunni Islam Muslims Jews Christianity Jerusalem Medina Mecca Amir al-Mu'minin Islam Quraysh Persian people Judaism Sahaba Muhammad Islamic calendar Shia Islam Rashidun Caliphate Kaaba Sasanian Empire Abu Bakr