article: List of heads of state of Afghanistan
links: Panjshir resistance Taliban Kabul Kingdom of Afghanistan Reuters Fall of Kabul (2021) Mirwais Hotak Saur Revolution Mohammed Zahir Shah Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Amanullah Khan Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Hereditary monarchy Hafizullah Amin Burhanuddin Rabbani Khost Hamid Karzai Mohammed Nadir Shah Mullah Head of state Head of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Ahmad Shah Durrani Panjshir Valley Charles Edward Stuart Sibghatullah Mojaddedi Durrani Empire Abdur Rahman Khan Babrak Karmal Mahmud Shah Durrani Mohammad Najibullah Hibatullah Akhundzada Flag of Afghanistan Islamic State of Afghanistan Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) Spetsnaz Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan Amir al-Mu'minin Colonel Nur Muhammad Taraki British Raj Amrullah Saleh Ashraf Ghani Afghanistan Mohammed Omar Soviet Union Democratic Republic of Afghanistan