Syriac Peshitta​—Ɛma Yɛhu Biribi Fa Tete Bible Nkyerɛase Ho\nASƐM A ƐDA SO Nnipa Bɛtetew Asase Apansam no Anaa?\nMmara a Onyankopɔn De Maa Israel No, Ɛma Wɔbuu Atɛntrenee?\nASETENAM NSƐM Manya Anigye Pii wɔ Onyankopɔn Som Mu\nKENKAN WƆ Afrikaans Albanian Amharic Arabic Armenian Aymara Bulgarian Catalan Cebuano Chichewa Chinese Mandarin (Simplified) Chinese Mandarin (Traditional) Chitonga Chitumbuka Cibemba Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Efik English Estonian Ewe Finnish French Ga Georgian German Greek Guarani Haitian Creole Hebrew Hiligaynon Hungarian Igbo Iloko Indonesian Italian Japanese Kazakh Kikaonde Kikongo Kikuyu Kiluba Kimbundu Kinyarwanda Kirghiz Kirundi Kongo Korean Lingala Lithuanian Luganda Luo Macedonian Malagasy Maltese Maya Nepali Norwegian Nyaneka Nzema Ossetian Otetela Papiamento (Aruba) Papiamento (Curaçao) Persian Polish Portuguese Quechua (Bolivia) Romanian Russian Sango Sepedi Serbian Serbian (Roman) Sesotho (Lesotho) Shona Silozi Sinhala Slovak Slovenian Spanish Sranantongo Swahili Swahili (Congo) Swedish Tagalog Tatar Thai Tigrinya Tshiluba Tsonga Tswana Turkish Twi Ukrainian Umbundu Vietnamese Xhosa Yoruba Zulu\nƆwɛn-Aban | September 2014\nSyriac Peshitta—Ɛma Yɛhu Biribi Fa Tete Bible Nkyerɛase Ho\nAfe 1892 mu no, ntaafo mmienu bi de yoma twaa nnankron kwan faa anhweatam so kɔɔ St. Catherine asɔfofie wɔ Bepɔw Sinai ase. Ntaafo no din de Agnes Smith Lewis ne Margaret Dunlop Gibson. Saa bere no, na ɛhɔ akwantu yɛ hu paa. Ɛnde dɛn na ɛkaa mmea mpanyimfo a na wɔrekɔ mfe 50 yi ma wɔtwaa saa kwan no? Wohu a, ɛbɛma woanya awerɛhyem sɛ Bible no yɛ nokware.\nAgnes Smith Lewis ne St. Catherine asɔfofie no\nBERE a Yesu rebɛkɔ soro no, ɔhyɛɛ n’asuafo no sɛ wɔnni ne ho adanse ‘wɔ Yerusalem ne Yudea ne Samaria nyinaa mfa nkɔ asase ano nohoa.’ (Asomafo Nnwuma 1:8) Asuafo no nso de ɔhyew ne akokoduru yɛɛ adwuma no. Nanso bere a wɔfii asɛnka adwuma no ase wɔ Yerusalem no, ankyɛ na wɔde ɔtaa baa wɔn so ma wɔkum Stefano. Yesu asuafo no pii guan kɔɔ Antiokia a ɛwɔ Siria. Ná ɛhɔ yɛ kurow kɛse wɔ Roma Ahemman no mu. Ná ɛwɔ Yerusalem atifi fam, na efi Yerusalem rekɔ hɔ bɛyɛ kilomita 550.—Asomafo Nnwuma 11:19.\nAsuafo no toaa so kaa Yesu ho “asɛmpa” no wɔ Antiokia, na ɛmaa wɔn a wɔnyɛ Yudafo no mu pii bɛyɛɛ Kristofo. (Asomafo Nnwuma 11:20, 21) Ɛwom, na nnipa dodow no ara ka Hela kasa wɔ Antiokia, nanso wonya fi kurow no mu a, kasa a na dodow no ara ka yɛ Syriac.\nWƆKYERƐƐ ASƐMPA NO ASE KƆƆ SYRIAC MU\nAsomafo no akyi no, ankyɛ pii na Kristofo a wɔka Syriac kasa no bɛyɛɛ bebree. Ɛno maa ɛho bɛhiae sɛ wɔkyerɛ asɛmpa no ase kɔ Syriac kasa mu. Enti Kristofo Hela Kyerɛwnsɛm no, ɛbɛyɛ sɛ Syriac kasa na wɔdii kan kyerɛɛ bi ase kɔɔ mu, na ɛnyɛ Latin.\nEduu bɛyɛ afe 170 Y.B. no, na Siriani kyerɛwfo Tatian (ɔtenaa ase bɛyɛ afe 120-173 Y.B.) aka Nsɛmpa nnan no abom de ayɛ nhoma bi wɔ Hela anaa Syriac kasa mu. Nkurɔfo taa frɛ no Diatessaron, na ɛyɛ Hela asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ “ɛfi Nsɛmpa nnan no mu.” Akyiri yi, Siriani Ephraem (ɔtenaa ase bɛyɛ afe 310-373 Y.B.) kyerɛw nhoma bi de kyerɛkyerɛɛ Diatessaron no mu na ama obi kenkan a, wate ase. Ɛno ma yɛhu sɛ saa bere no, na Siriafo Kristofo pii kenkan Diatessaron no.\nDiatessaron no ho hia yɛn paa nnɛ. Dɛn ntia? Bɛyɛ mfe 200 ni, nhomanimfo bi gyee akyinnye sɛ Nsɛmpa no, asomafo no wu kɔe koraa ansa na wɔrekyerɛw no bɛyɛ afe 130 Y.B. kɔsi afe 170 Y.B. hɔ baabi, enti ɛrentumi nyɛ Yesu asetena ho nsɛm a edi mu. Diatessaron no, nkurɔfo hwɛɛ so kyerɛwee pii, na nnansa yi, wɔakɔhu tete de no bi a ɛma yɛhu sɛ asomafo no akyi no, ankyɛ na nnipa pii nyaa Mateo, Marko, Luka ne Yohane Nsɛmpa no bi. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ na Nsɛmpa no wɔ hɔ dedaadaw. Afei nso, bere a Tatian yɛɛ Diatessaron no, wamfa Apokrifa nsɛmpa no mu nsɛm amma mu te sɛ Nsɛmpa nnan no. Enti ɛma ɛda adi sɛ Apokrifa no, na nkurɔfo mmu no sɛ ɛka Bible ho.\nSyriac Peshitta a wɔyɛɛ no afe 464 Y.B. no; Bible nhoma nnum a ɛdi kan no na ɛwom. Akyɛ paa\nAsomafo no akyi bɛyɛ mfe 400 no, sɛ wokɔ Mesopotamia atifi fam a, na nnipa pii wɔ Bible a wɔakyerɛ ase kɔ Syriac kasa mu. Asomafo no akyi no, ankyɛ bebree na wɔyɛɛ saa nkyerɛase no, na na Bible nhoma no nyinaa wom, gye 2 Petro, 2 Yohane, 3 Yohane, Yuda, ne Adiyisɛm. Wɔfrɛ no Peshitta, kyerɛ sɛ, “emu da hɔ” anaa “ntease wom.” Peshitta no yɛ Bible nkyerɛase a akyɛ paa no baako, na ɛdi adanse nso sɛ nkurɔfo nsa kaa Bible no bi nyɛ nnɛ.\nWohwɛ Peshitta nsaano nkyerɛwee no baako so a, wobɛhu sɛ wɔakyerɛ bere a wɔde yɛe wɔ so. Yɛhwɛ sɛnea yɛbu mmere nnɛ no a, ɛyɛ bɛyɛ afe 459 Y.B. anaa 460 Y.B. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ Bible nsaano nkyerɛwee a yɛnim bere pɔtee a wɔde yɛe no, ɛno paa na akyɛ. Bɛyɛ afe 508 Y.B. no, wɔyɛɛ Peshitta no foforo de nhoma nnum a ayera no kaa ho. Saa nkyerɛase no, wɔfrɛ no Philoxenian Version.\nWƆAHU SYRIAC NSAANO NKYERƐWEE PII\nKristofo Hela Kyerɛwnsɛm a ɛwɔ Hela kasa mu no, nkurɔfo hwɛɛ so yɛɛ bi. Nea nkurɔfo yɛe no, bɛyɛ mfe 200 ni de, na dodow no ara yɛ nea wɔyɛe wɔ asomafo no akyi bɛboro mfe 400. Enti, Bible ho abenfo pii de wɔn ani kɔɔ nkyerɛase bi te sɛ Latin Vulgate ne Syriac Peshitta no so kɛse, efisɛ ɛno de, na akyɛ paa. Saa bere no, na ebinom gye di sɛ Peshitta no yɛ Syriac Bible nkyerɛase dedaw bi a wɔayɛ no foforo. Nanso sɛ Syriac Bible nkyerɛase dedaw bi mpo wɔ hɔ a, na obiara nnya nhui. Esiane sɛ wɔkyerɛɛ Bible ase kɔɔ Syriac kasa mu wɔ asomafo no wu akyi pɛɛ nti, sɛ wɔnya Syriac nkyerɛase bi a akyɛ paa a, ɛbɛma wɔahu biribi afa tete Bible nkyerɛase ho, na Bible ho abenfo nso bɛnya nneɛma pii afi mu. Enti ɛyɛ ampa sɛ na Syriac nkyerɛase dedaw bi wɔ baabi? Wɔhui anaa?\nSinaitic Syriac nsaano nkyerɛwee no. Nkyerɛwee dedaw a na ɛwɔ so no na ɛwɔ nifa so no; ɛyɛ Nsɛmpa no\nYiw! Wɔhuu Syriac nsaano nkyerɛwee a ɛsom bo mmienu. Nea wɔdii kan hui no, wɔyɛe wɔ asomafo no akyi bɛyɛ mfe 400. Wɔfrɛ no Curetonian Syriac, na wɔde too William Cureton. Saa bere no, na Cureton yɛ nea ɔhwɛ nsaano nkyerɛwee so wɔ British Museum no abadiakyiri, na ɔno na ɔkɔpuee so de too gua. Ná Curetonian Syriac no ka Syriac nsaano nkyerɛwee pii a British Museum no tɔ fii asɔfofie bi a ɛwɔ Nitria Anhweatam so wɔ Egypt afe 1842 mu no ho. Ɛsom bo paa, na sɛ wohwɛ mu a, wobɛhu sɛ Nsɛmpa nnan no, sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ no ni: Mateo, Marko, Yohane, ne Luka.\nNsaano nkyerɛwee a ɛto so mmienu a ɛda so wɔ hɔ bɛsi nnɛ ne nea wɔfrɛ no Sinaitic Syriac no. Ntaafo a yɛkaa wɔn ho asɛm mfiase no (Agnes ne Margaret) akwantu no na ɛmaa saa nsaano nkyerɛwee no bɛdaa adi. Agnes ankɔ sukuupɔn, nanso osuaa kasa nwɔtwe, na emu baako ne Syriac. Afe 1892 no, Agnes kɔpuee biribi so wɔ St. Catherine asɔfofie a ɛwɔ Egypt no.\nƆkɔɔ asɔfofie hɔ no, ɔhuu Syriac nsaano nkyerɛwee bi wɔ tokuru bi mu. Ɔkaa ho asɛm sɛ, na “ɛho nyɛ akɔnnɔ, efisɛ na ayɛ fĩ paa. Nkratafa no nso, na atetare so efisɛ na ada hɔ akyɛ.” Saa nsaano nkyerɛwee no, wohwɛ a, wobɛhu sɛ na nkyerɛwee bi wɔ so dedaw, ɛnna wɔapopa de Syriac kasa akyerɛw mmea ahotefo bi ho nsɛm wɔ so. Bere a Agnes hwɛɛ no yiye paa no, ɔhuu nsɛm a wɔapopa no bi. Afei nso ɔhuu “Mateo” “Marko” ne “Luka” wɔ atifi. Sɛɛ na ɛyɛ Nsɛmpa nnan no a wɔakyerɛ ase kɔ Syriac kasa mu no fã kɛse no ara! Seesei abenfo gye di sɛ wɔyɛɛ saa nsaano nkyerɛwee no wɔ asomafo no akyi bɛyɛ mfe 300.\nSɛ nkurɔfo reka Bible nsaano nkyerɛwee a ɛho hia paa te sɛ Hela nsaano nkyerɛwee a wɔato din Codex Sinaiticus ne Codex Vaticanus no a, wɔkan Sinaitic Syriac no ka ho. Seesei nnipa pii gye di sɛ Curetonian ne Sinaitic nsaano nkyerɛwee no yɛ tete Syriac Nsɛmpa no nsaano nkyerɛwee a wɔyɛɛ no asomafo no akyi mfe 100 ne kakra a ɛda so wɔ hɔ nnɛ.\n“YƐN NYANKOPƆN ASƐM DE, EBETIM HƆ DAA”\nNsaano nkyerɛwee yi nyinaa bɛtumi aboa Bible asuafo nnɛ anaa? Ɛbɛtumi aboa paa! Nhwɛso bi ni: Bible ahorow bi mu no, nsɛm bi toa Marko 16:8 so a wɔfrɛ no awiei a ɛware. Wohwɛ Codex Alexandrinus a wɔde Hela kasa yɛe wɔ asomafo no akyi bɛyɛ mfe 400 no mu a, wobɛhu wom. Latin Vulgate ne nkyerɛase afoforo bi nso wɔ hɔ a, ɛwom. Nanso, nsaano nkyerɛwee mmienu bi a agye din de, Marko ti 16 no wie wɔ nkyekyɛm 8. Wɔyɛe wɔ asomafo no akyi bɛyɛ mfe 300, na wɔfrɛ no Codex Sinaiticus ne Codex Vaticanus. Wohwɛ Sinaitic Syriac no nso mu a, worenhu awiei a ɛware no wom. Ɛno foa so sɛ bere a Marko kyerɛw n’Asɛmpa no, ɔde sii ti 16, nkyekyɛm 8. Enti akyiri yi na ebinom de asɛm no awiei a ɛware no bɛhyɛɛ mu.\nNhwɛso foforo ni. Bɛyɛ mfe 200 ni no, sɛ wokenkan 1 Yohane 5:7 wɔ Bible dodow no ara mu a, wobɛhu Baasakoro ho asɛm bi a wɔde ahyɛ mu. Nanso wohwɛ Hela nsaano nkyerɛwee a akyɛ paa no mu a, worenhu saa nsɛm no wom. Peshitta no nso, enni mu. Enti ɛkyerɛ sɛ saa asɛm no, nkurɔfo na wɔde aka 1 Yohane 5:7 ho; ná enni Bible mu.\nƐda adi pefee sɛ Yehowa Nyankopɔn adi ne bɔhyɛ so akora n’Asɛm Kronkron no so. Wama yɛn awerɛhyem wom sɛ: “Wura momono awo, na nhwiren ahyew, nanso yɛn Nyankopɔn asɛm de, ebetim hɔ daa.” (Yesaia 40:8; 1 Petro 1:25) Peshitta no abɛyɛ bi; aboa ama nnipa anya Bible no mu nsɛm sɛnea na ɛte ankasa.\nDɛn ne Syriac?\nSyriac yɛ Aramaic kasa. Kasa a na wɔka no kɛse wɔ Persia Ahemman no mu no, Aramaic yɛ mu baako. Ná wɔka Syriac kasa no wɔ Mesopotamia atifi fam ne tete Antiokia mpɔtam. Kristosom hyɛɛ ase no, ankyɛ na nnipa bebree bɛyɛɛ gyidifo wɔ saa mmeae no. Nkurɔfo pii fii ase kyerɛw Syriac kasa wɔ asomafo no akyi mfe 100 rekɔ mfe 200\nBible Yɛ Nhoma a Efi Onyankopɔn Hɔ\nSɛ wowɔ ɔhaw bi a, sɛn na Bible betumi aboa wo? Dɛn nti na ɛsɛ sɛ wugye emu nkɔmhyɛ di?\nSeptember 2014 | Nnipa Bɛtetew Asase Apansam no Anaa?\nƆWƐN-ABAN September 2014 | Nnipa Bɛtetew Asase Apansam no Anaa?