KENKAN WƆ Albanian Amharic Arabic Armenian (West) Chitonga Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English French German Hindi Hungarian Italian Japanese Kannada Korean Latvian Lithuanian Luganda Malagasy Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Punjabi Romanian Russian Samoan Silozi Slovak Slovenian Spanish Sranantongo Swedish Twi Ukrainian Vietnamese Waray-Waray Yoruba\n1, 2. (a) Dɛn na ɛmaa Antiochus IV yɛɛ nea Roma kae no? (b) Bere bɛn na Siria bɛhyɛɛ Roma ase?\nSIRIA hempɔn Antiochus IV ko fa Misraim na osi ne ho hene. Misraim hene Ptolemy VI srɛ Roma ma wɔsoma Ɔhemmɔfo Caius Popilius Laenas kɔ Misraim. Ɔde akohyɛn pii ne ahyɛde a efi Roma Mmarahyɛ Baguafo hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ Antiochus IV nnyae Misraim sodi na omfi ɔman no mu nkɔ na ɛkɔe. Siria hene ne Roma hemmɔfo no hyiae wɔ Eleusis, Alexandria borɔn bi so. Antiochus IV srɛe sɛ wɔmma no bere ma ɔne n’afotufo nkotu agyina, nanso Laenas twaa kɔntɔnkrɔn faa ɔhene no ho ka kyerɛɛ no sɛ ommua asɛm no ansa na wafi mu. Antiochus IV a wɔabrɛ no ase no yɛɛ nea Romafo no kae no na ɔsan kɔɔ Siria wɔ 168 A.Y.B. mu. Enti, Siria hene a ɔwɔ atifi fam ne Misraim hene a ɔwɔ anafo fam no ntam ntawntawdi no baa awiei.\n2 Esiane sɛ na Roma di akonten wɔ Mediterranea Supɔw no so nsɛm mu nti, ɛkɔɔ so de ahyɛde maa Siria. Enti, ɛwom sɛ Seleucus ahene abusua mu ahene foforo dii Siria so bere a Antiochus IV wui wɔ 163 A.Y.B. mu akyi de, nanso wɔanni tumi sɛ “[atifi, NW] fam hene.” (Daniel 11:15) Awiei koraa no, Siria bɛhyɛɛ Roma ase wɔ 64 A.Y.B. mu.\n3. Bere bɛn na Roma dii Misraim so, na wɔ ɔkwan bɛn so?\n3 Misraim Ptolemy ahene abusua no kɔ so di tumi sɛ “[anafo, NW] fam hene” mfe 130 ne kakra wɔ Antiochus IV wu akyi. (Daniel 11:14) Romafo hene Octavian di Ptolemy ahene abusua no mu hemmaa a otwa to —Cleopatra VII—ne ne Romani dɔfo Mark Antony asraafo a wɔaka abom no so nkonim wɔ ɔko a esii Actium no mu wɔ 31 A.Y.B. mu. Bere a Cleopatra kum ne ho wɔ afe a edi hɔ no mu akyi no, Misraim nso bɛhyɛɛ Roma ase na ankɔ so anni tumi sɛ anafo fam hene. Ebeduu afe 30 A.Y.B. mu no, na Roma di Siria ne Misraim nyinaa so tumi. Afei de, so ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan sɛ ahenni afoforo bedi tumi sɛ atifi fam hene ne anafo fam hene?\nƆHENE FOFORO SOMA “ƆTOWGYEFO PEMPENSIFO”\n4. Dɛn nti na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan sɛ ɔhene foforo bedi tumi sɛ atifi fam hene?\n4 Yesu Kristo ka kyerɛɛ n’asuafo wɔ 33 Y.B. fefɛw bere mu sɛ: “Sɛ muhu akyide a ɛbɔ ɔman a odiyifo Daniel kae no sɛ egyina kronkronbea hɔ no a, . . . ɛno na wɔn a wɔwɔ Yudea nguan nkɔ mmepɔw so.” (Mateo 24:15, 16) Yesu faa asɛm a ɛwɔ Daniel 11:31 de bɔɔ n’akyidifo kɔkɔ wɔ ‘akyide a ɛbɔ ɔman’ a ɛbɛba daakye no ho. Wɔde atifi fam hene no ho nkɔmhyɛ yi mae bɛyɛ mfe 195 wɔ Antiochus IV, Siria hene a otwa to a odii saa tumi no wu akyi. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ na ɔhene foforo bɛba sɛ atifi fam hene. Ɛbɛyɛ hena?\n5. Hena na ɔsɔree sɛ atifi fam hene a ɔfaa dibea a na Antiochus IV kura bere bi no?\n5 Yehowa Nyankopɔn bɔfo hyɛɛ nkɔm sɛ: “Na obi bɛsɔre asi [Antiochus IV ananmu] a ɔbɛma ɔtowgyefo pempensifo bi abɛfa ahemman [a ɛwɔ anuonyam no, NW] akɔ, na nna kakra bi mu wɔbɛsɛe no, nanso ɛnyɛ abufuw anaa ɔsa mu.” (Daniel 11:20) Ɛbɛdaa adi sɛ nea ‘ɔsɔree’ wɔ saa kwan yi so ne Roma hempɔn a odi kan, Octavian, a na wɔfrɛ no Kaesare Augusto no.—Hwɛ “Wodii Obiako Ni, Wobuu Ɔfoforo no Animtiaa” a ɛwɔ kratafa 248 no.\n6. (a) Bere bɛn na wɔmaa “ɔtowgyefo pempensifo” bi kɔfaa ‘ahenni a ɛwɔ anuonyam’ no mu, na ɔkwan bɛn so na na eyi ho hia? (b) Dɛn nti na yebetumi aka sɛ Augusto anwu wɔ “abufuw anaa ɔsa mu”? (d) Nsakrae bɛn na ɛbae wɔ onii ko a na ɔyɛ atifi fam hene no fam?\n6 Na “asase fɛfɛ”—Yudea a na ɛhyɛ Roma ase no—ka Augusto ‘ahemman a ɛwɔ anuonyam’ no ho. (Daniel 11:16) Wɔ 2 A.Y.B. mu no, Augusto somaa “ɔtowgyefo pempensifo” denam hyɛ a ɔhyɛe sɛ wɔnkyerɛw nnipa din anaasɛ wɔnkan wɔn na ebia ama watumi ahu nnipa no dodow na wagyina so agyigye tow de ebinom ayeyɛ asraafo no so. Mmara yi nti, Yosef ne Maria kɔɔ Betlehem sɛ wɔrekɔkyerɛw wɔn din, na ɛma wɔwoo Yesu wɔ saa beae a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm no. (Mika 5:2; Mateo 2:1-12) Wɔ August 14 Y.B. mu—“wɔ nna kakra bi mu,” anaasɛ bere tiaa bi akyi wɔ bere a Augusto hyɛɛ mmara sɛ wɔnkyerɛw nnipa din akyi no—owui a na wadi mfe 76, nanso ɛnyɛ obi na okum no wɔ “abufuw” anaa “ɔsa mu” na mmom ɔyaree. Nokwarem no, na onii ko a atifi fam hene no yɛ no asakra! Ebeduu saa bere no, na saa ɔhene yi abɛyɛ Roma Ahemman no a ogyina hɔ ma n’ahempɔn.\n‘ƆHOHORANI BI SƆRE’\n7, 8. (a) Hena na obesii Augusto ananmu sɛ atifi fam hene? (b) Dɛn nti na wɔnam amemenemfe so de “ahenni no mu anuonyam” maa nea odii Kaesare Augusto ade no?\n7 Bere a ɔbɔfo no retoa nkɔmhyɛ no so no, ɔkae sɛ: “Na obi a wobebu no animtiaa bɛsɔre asi [Augusto] ananmu, na wɔremfa ahenni no mu anuonyam mma no; na ɔbɛba ankasa wɔ ahotɔ bere mu na ɔde tɛkrɛmakyene bɛfa ahenni no. Na ɛdefa dɔm a ɛte sɛ nsuyiri ho no, ɔbɛma wɔabu afa wɔn so na wobebubu wɔn; sɛnea wobebubu apam kannifo no nso.”—Daniel 11:21, 22, NW.\n8 Na ‘nea wobebu no animtiaa’ no ne Kaesare Tiberio, a ɔyɛ Augusto yere a ɔto so abiɛsa Livia babarima no. (Hwɛ “Wodii Obiako Ni, Wobuu Ɔfoforo no Animtiaa” a ɛwɔ kratafa 248 no.) Na esiane abanoma yi subammɔne nti na Augusto tan no, na na ɔmpɛ sɛ ɔbɛyɛ Kaesare a odi hɔ. Wofi amemenemfe mu de “ahenni no mu anuonyam” maa no bere a afoforo a na wobetumi ayɛ adedifo nyinaa wuwui no akyi. Augusto faa Tiberio sɛ ne ba wɔ 4 Y.B. na ɔyɛɛ no nea obesi n’ananmu atra ahengua no so. Augusto wu akyi no, Tiberio a na wadi mfe 54—nea wobuu no animtiaa—no ‘sɔre’ dii tumi sɛ Roma hempɔn ne atifi fam hene.\n9. Ɔkwan bɛn so na Tiberio ‘de tɛkrɛmakyene faa ahenni no’?\n9 The New Encyclopædia Britannica ka sɛ: “Tiberio dɛfɛdɛfɛɛ Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no, na wamma wɔampaw no ɔhempɔn bɛyɛ ɔsram biako [wɔ Augusto wu akyi].” Ɔka kyerɛɛ Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no sɛ Augusto nkutoo na obetumi adi Roma Ahemman no so na ɔkae sɛ mmarahyɛ baguafo no nsan nyɛ no kwasafoman denam tumi a ɛte saa a wɔde bɛma nnipakuw bi sen sɛ wɔde bɛma onipa biako no so. Abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Will Durant kyerɛwee sɛ: “Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no annya akokoduru ammɔ nea ɔkae no angu, na wɔkotokotow wɔn ho wɔn ho kosii sɛ awiei koraa no ogyee tumi no.” Durant ka kaa ho sɛ: “Afanu no nyinaa yɛɛ wɔn fam de pɛpɛɛpɛ. Na Tiberio pɛ ahenni no, ɛnte saa a anka ɔbɛfa ɔkwan bi so apo; na Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no suro no na wɔmpɛ n’asɛm, nanso na wosuro sɛ wɔde kwasafoman bi a egyina tete adehye ne mpapahwekwa baguafo a wɔn ano nnu gua mu so besi hɔ.” Enti, Tiberio ‘de tɛkrɛmakyene faa ahenni no.’\n10. Ɔkwan bɛn so na ‘wobubuu dɔm a ɛte sɛ nsuyiri no’?\n10 “Ɛdefa dɔm a ɛte sɛ nsuyiri”—ahemman a atwa wɔn ho ahyia asraafodɔm—ho no, ɔbɔfo no kae sɛ: ‘Wobebu afa wɔn so na wɔabubu wɔn.’ Bere a Tiberio bɛyɛɛ atifi fam hene no, na ne wɔfase Germanicus Caesar ne Roma asraafo a wɔwɔ Rhine Asubɔnten ho no sahene. Wɔ 15 Y.B. mu no, Germanicus de n’asraafo no kɔko tiaa Germanfo dɔmmarima Arminius ma odii nkonim kakra. Nanso, nkonimdi kakra no ma wɔhweree nneɛma pii, enti Tiberio gyaee akodi no wɔ Germany wɔ ɛno akyi. Mmom no, ɔnam ɔmanko a ɔhyɛɛ ho nkuran so bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛma Germanfo mmusua ntam apaapae. Na Tiberio ani gye wɔne aman foforo ntam nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma wɔabɔ wɔn man no ho ban afi aman foforo ho no ho kɛse ma enti ɔbɔɔ n’ahye ho ban. Eyi yɛɛ yiye sɛnea ɛsɛ. Ɔnam saa kwan yi so siw “dɔm a ɛte sɛ nsuyiri” no ano na ‘wobubuu wɔn.’\n11. Ɔkwan bɛn so na ‘wobubuu apam kannifo no’?\n11 Nea ‘wobubuu’ no no nso ne “apam” a Yehowa Nyankopɔn ne Abraham yɛe sɛ wɔde behyira asase so mmusua nyinaa no “kannifo.” Na Yesu Kristo ne Abraham Aseni a wɔhyɛɛ ne ho bɔ wɔ saa apam no mu no. (Genesis 22:18; Galatifo 3:16) Wɔ Nisan 14, 33 Y.B. mu no, na Yesu gyina Pontio Pilato anim wɔ Roma amrado no ahemfie wɔ Yerusalem. Na Yudafo asɔfo no abɔ Yesu sobo sɛ ɔpɛ sɛ otu ɔhempɔn no ahenni gu. Nanso Yesu ka kyerɛɛ Pilato sɛ: “M’ahenni mfi wi yi ase. . . . M’ahenni mfi ha.” Nea ɛbɛyɛ na Roma amrado no annyaa Yesu a onni fɔ no, Yudafo no teɛɛm sɛ: “Sɛ wugyaa oyi a wonyɛ Kaesare adamfo; obiara a ɔyɛ ne ho hene no tia Kaesare.” Bere a wɔkae sɛ wonkum Yesu wiei no, wɔkae sɛ: “Yenni hene bi sɛ Kaesare.” Sɛnea mmara a ɛne “wɔapira ɔhene” no a Tiberio trɛw mu de ɔyaw biara a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔyaw Kaesare kaa ho kyerɛ no, Pilato de Yesu mae sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na ama ‘wɔabubu no’ anaasɛ wɔabɔ no asɛndua mu.—Yohane 18:36; 19:12-16; Marko 15:14-20.\nƆHENE TIRIMƆDENFO BI ‘BƆ NE PƆW’\n12. (a) Henanom na wɔne Tiberio yɛɛ apam no? (b) Ɔkwan bɛn so na Tiberio ‘nam ɔman ketewa bi so bɛyɛɛ den’?\n12 Bere a ɔbɔfo no retoa Tiberio ho nkɔmhyɛ no so no, ɔkae sɛ: “Esiane sɛ wɔne no yɛɛ apam nti, ɔbɛdaadaa wɔn, na ɔbɛsɔre aba na ɔnam ɔman ketewa bi so bɛyɛ den.” (Daniel 11:23, NW) Na Roma Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no ne Tiberio ayɛ amanyɔ mmara mu ‘apam,’ na na ɔde ne ho ato wɔn so. Nanso na ɔyɛ ɔdaadaafo, na ‘ɔnam ɔman ketewa bi so yɛɛ den’ ankasa. Na saa ɔman ketewa no ne Praetoria Awɛmfo a na wɔte bɛn Roma afasu no. Bɛn a na wɔbɛn Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no maa ehu kaa baguafo no na ɛboaa Tiberio ma osiw atua biara a na ɔmanfo no bɛtew atia ne tumidi no ano. Enti, Tiberio nam awɛmfo bɛyɛ 10,000 so kɔɔ so yɛɛ den.\n13. Ɔkwan bɛn so na Tiberio yɛɛ nea ɛkyɛn ne nenanom?\n13 Ɔbɔfo no ka kaa ho wɔ nkɔmhyɛ mu sɛ: “Obefi mpaase aba asase no so nea ɛhɔ yɛ fɔɔfɔɔ, na wabɛyɛ nea n’agyanom ne ne nenanom nyɛe da, ɔbɛpete afow ade ne asade ne ahode ama wɔn, na ɔbɛbɔ ne tirim pɔw, aban a ɛyɛ den no ho akodu bere bi.” (Daniel 11:24) Na Tiberio nnye afoforo nni koraa na ɔma wokunkum nnipa pii wɔ n’ahenni mu. Esiane Sejanus, Praetoria Awɛmfo panyin no nkɛntɛnso titiriw nti, wɔyɛɛ atirimɔdenne pii wɔ ɛrekɔ n’ahenni no awiei. Awiei koraa no, onyaa Sejanus ankasa ho adwemmɔne na ɔma wokum no. Esiane sɛ Tiberio de atirimɔden dii nnipa no so tumi nti, ɔyɛɛ nea ɛkyɛn ne nananom.\n14. (a) Ɔkwan bɛn so na Tiberio petee “afow ade ne asade” wɔ Roma ahemman mu nyinaa? (b) Bere a Tiberio wui no na wobu no dɛn?\n14 Nanso, Tiberio petee “afow ade ne asade ne ahode” wɔ amansin a na ɛhyɛ Roma ase nyinaa mu. Bere a owui no, na ne manfo nyinaa redi yiye. Na wonnye tow akɛse, na na otumi yi ayamye adi wɔ mmeae a wohyia ahokyere. Sɛ asraafo anaa abirɛmpɔn no hyɛ obi so anaa wɔyɛ nea ɛmfata wɔ nsɛm a wodi mu a, na wobetumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ ɔhempɔn no bɛtwe wɔn aso. Tumi a okuraa mu denneennen no maa ɔmanfo no kɔɔ so nyaa ahobammɔ, na nkitahodi a ɛyɛɛ papa boaa aguadi. Tiberio hwɛe ma wodii asɛntrenee wɔ Roma ne aman foforo so. Wɔyɛɛ mmara no yiye, na nsakrae a Augusto Kaesare yɛe a Tiberio toaa so no maa asetra ne abrabɔ ho mmara yɛɛ papa. Nanso, Tiberio ‘bɔɔ ne tirim pɔw,’ ma enti Romani abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Tacitus kaa ne ho asɛm sɛ nyaatwomni ne ɔdaadaafo a ne ho akokwaw. Bere a Tiberio wui wɔ March 37 Y.B. mu no, na wobu no sɛ ɔhene tirimɔdenfo.\n15. Roma kɔɔ so dɛn wɔ afeha a edi kan Y.B. awiei ne nea ɛto so abien Y.B. mfiase?\n15 Tiberio adedifo a wɔbɛyɛɛ atifi fam ahene no bi ne Gaius Caesar (Caligula), Claudius I, Nero, Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Nerva, Trajan, ne Hadrian. The New Encyclopædia Britannica ka sɛ: “Mpɛn pii na Augusto adedifo no toaa ne mansohwɛ ne n’adansi ho nhyehyɛe no so, nanso wɔamfa adwene foforo anyɛ wɔn nnwuma, nea wɔyɛɛ ara ne sɛ wodi akokurokosɛm.” Nhoma koro no ara san da no di sɛ: “Wɔ afeha a edi kan awiei no mu hɔ ne afeha a ɛto so 2 no mfiase no, na Roma wɔ anuonyam ne nnipa a wɔdɔɔso sen bere biara.” Ɛwom sɛ Roma hyiaa ɔhaw ahorow bi wɔ ahemman no ahye so wɔ saa bere yi mu de, nanso ɔne anafo fam hene no ntam ntawntawdi a edi kan a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm no amma kosii afeha a ɛto so abiɛsa Y.B.\nWƆKANYAN NO MA ƆKO TIA ANAFO FAM HENE NO\n16, 17. (a) Hena na obedii tumi sɛ atifi fam hene a wɔaka ne ho asɛm wɔ Daniel 11:25 no? (b) Hena na obedii tumi sɛ anafo fam hene, na ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi baa saa?\n16 Onyankopɔn bɔfo no toaa nkɔmhyɛ no so sɛ: “Na [atifi fam hene no de] dɔm kɛse bɛkanyan n’ahoɔden ne ne mmaninyɛ ahyɛ [anafo, NW] fam hene no, na [anafo, NW] fam hene no de dɔm a ɛyɛ den bebree pa betu sa, nanso [atifi fam hene rennyina], efisɛ wɔakɔ ne tiri so apam. Na wɔn a wɔne no to nsa didi na ɛbɛsɛe no, na wɔatwe ne dɔm akɔ, na nnipa bebree bɛtotɔ.”—Daniel 11:25, 26.\n17 Bɛyɛ mfe 300 wɔ bere a Octavian maa Misraim bɛhyɛɛ Roma ase akyi no, Roma Hempɔn Aurelian bɛyɛɛ atifi fam hene. Saa bere no na Ɔhemmaa Septimia Zenobia a ɔwɔ Roma mansin a ɛne Palmyra mu no na odi tumi sɛ anafo fam hene. * (Hwɛ “Zenobia—Palmyra Hemmaa Kofoni No,” a ɛwɔ kratafa 252 no.) Palmyra asraafo ko faa Misraim wɔ 269 Y.B. mu sɛ wɔrebɔ ho ban ama Roma. Zenobia pɛe sɛ ɔyɛ Palmyra kurow titiriw wɔ apuei fam na odi Roma apuei fam amansin no so. Esiane sɛ Zenobia botae no maa Aurelian koma tui nti, ‘ɔkanyan n’ahoɔden ne ne koma’ na ɔkɔtoaa Zenobia.\n18. Dɛn na efii ɔko a esii wɔ Ɔhempɔn Aurelian, atifi fam hene no, ne Ɔhemmaa Zenobia, anafo fam hene no, ntam no mu bae?\n18 Sɛ ahenni a Zenobia, anafo fam hene no, di so no, ɔde “dɔm a ɛyɛ den bebree pa” a asahene baanu, Zabdas ne Sabai, da wɔn ano ‘kanyan ne ho’ de tuu atifi fam hene no so sa. Nanso, Aurelian ko faa Misraim na afei ɔko kɔɔ Asia Kumaa ne Siria. Zenobia dii nkogu wɔ Emesa (seesei wɔfrɛ no Homs) na ɔsan n’akyi kɔɔ Palmyra. Bere a Aurelian betwaa saa kurow no ho hyiae no, Zenobia de akokoduru ko bɔɔ ho ban nanso ankosi hwee. Ɔne ne babarima guan sɛ wɔrekɔ Persia, nanso Romafo no kyeree wɔn wɔ Asubɔnten Eufrate ho. Palmyrafo de wɔn kurow no mae wɔ 272 Y.B. mu. Aurelian ankum Zenobia, ɔde no yɛɛ n’ahwɛde titiriw wɔ ne nkonimdi aperenten a otu faa Roma wɔ 274 Y.B. mu no mu. Ɔde ne nkwa nna a na aka no traa ase sɛ Romani bi yere.\n19. Ɔkwan bɛn so na Aurelian ‘tiri so a wɔpam’ no ma owui?\n19 Aurelian ankasa ‘annyina efisɛ wɔpam ne tiri so.’ Wɔ 275 Y.B. mu no, osiim sɛ ɔrekotu Persiafo so sa. Bere a ɔretwɛn wɔ Thrace ma wanya hokwan atwa nsuka no akɔ Asia Kumaa no, wɔn a ɔne wɔn ‘to nsa didi’ pam ne tiri so na ‘wɔsɛee no.’ Na ɔrebɛtwe ne kyerɛwfo Eros aso wɔ nneɛma bi a ankɔ yiye ho. Nanso Eros hyɛɛ da kyerɛkyerɛw mpanyimfo bi din sɛ ɔhene no nkum wɔn. Edin yi a mpanyimfo no hui no maa wɔpam Aurelian tiri so kum no.\n20. Ɔkwan bɛn so na ‘wobu faa’ atifi fam hene no “dɔm” so?\n20 Bere a Ɔhempɔn Aurelian wui no, atifi fam hene no adwuma amma awiei. Roma sodifo afoforo bedii tumi. Wɔ bere bi mu no, na wɔwɔ atɔe fam ɔhempɔn ne apuei fam de. Wɔ mmarima yi ase no, ‘wobu faa’ atifi fam hene no “dɔm” so anaasɛ ‘wɔbɔɔ wɔn hwetee,’ * na pii ‘totɔe,’ efisɛ Germanfo mmusua a wofi atifi fam no bɛtow hyɛɛ wɔn so. Gothfo twiw faa Roma ahye so wɔ afeha a ɛto so anan Y.B. mu. Wɔtow hyɛɛ wɔn so mpɛn pii. Wɔ 476 Y.B. mu no, Germanfo kannifo Odoacer tuu ɔhempɔn a otwa to a na odi hene wɔ Roma no fii ahengua no so. Ebeduu afeha a ɛto so asia mfiase no, na atɔe fam Roma Ahemman no agu, na na ahene a wɔyɛ Germanfo di tumi wɔ Britania, Gaul, Italia, Afrika Kusuu fam ne Spain. Apuei fam ahemman no traa hɔ koduu afeha a ɛto so 15 mu.\nAHEMMAN KƐSE BI MU PAAPAE\n21, 22. Nsakrae bɛn na Constantine yɛe wɔ afeha a ɛto so anan Y.B. mu?\n21 Yehowa bɔfo no kɔɔ so hyɛɛ atifi fam hene ne anafo fam hene no mmaninne foforo ho nkɔm a wanka Roma Ahemman a ɛtraa hɔ mfehaha pii no asehwe ho nsɛm a enhia. Nanso, nsɛm bi a esisii wɔ Roma Ahemman no mu a yebesusuw ho kakra bɛboa yɛn ma yɛahu wɔn a akyiri yi wobegyina hɔ sɛ ahene baanu a wodi asi no.\n22 Wɔ afeha a ɛto so anan no mu no, Roma Hempɔn Constantine maa Ɔman no gyee Kristosom a awae toom. Ɔma wɔyɛɛ asɔre nhyiam bi wɔ Nicaea, Asia Kumaa, wɔ 325 Y.B. mu, na n’ankasa yɛɛ oguamtrani. Akyiri yi Constantine yii ahemfie no fii Roma kɔɔ Byzantium anaa Constantinople, na ɔde saa kurow no yɛɛ n’ahenkurow foforo. Roma Ahemman no traa hɔ wɔ ɔhempɔn biako pɛ ahenni ase kosii sɛ Ɔhempɔn Theodosius I wui wɔ January 17, 395 Y.B. mu.\n23. (a) Mpaapaemu bɛn na ɛbaa Roma Ahemman no mu wɔ Theodosius wu akyi? (b) Bere bɛn na Apuei fam Ahemman no baa awiei? (d) Ebeduu 1517 no, na hena na odi Misraim so?\n23 Theodosius wu akyi no, ne mmabarima kyɛɛ Roma Ahemman no mu fae. Wɔde atɔe fam de no maa Honorius, na Arcadius nyaa apuei fam de a n’ahenkurow ne Constantinople no. Na Britania, Gaul, Italia, Spain, ne Afrika Kusuu fam ka atɔe fam amansin no ho. Na Makedonia, Thrace, Asia Kumaa, Siria, ne Misraim ka apuei fam amansin no ho. Wɔ 642 Y.B. mu, Saracen (Arabfo) ko faa Misraim ahenkurow Alexandria, na Nkramofo akannifo dii Misraim so. Wɔ January 1449 mu no, Constantine XI bɛyɛɛ apuei fam ɔhempɔn a otwa to. Ottoman Turkeyfo a Sultan Mehmed II di wɔn so tumi ko faa Constantinople wɔ May 29, 1453 mu, na ɛmaa Apuei fam Roma Ahemman no gui. Wɔ 1517 mu no, Misraim bɛhyɛɛ Turkey ase. Nanso, bere bi akyi no, tete anafo fam hene no asase yi bɛhyɛɛ ahemman foforo a efi atɔe fam no ase.\n24, 25. (a) Sɛnea abakɔsɛm akyerɛwfo bi kyerɛ no, dɛn na efii Roma Ahemman Kronkron no ase? (b) Dɛn na awiei koraa no ɛbaa Roma Ahemman Kronkron no abodin a ɛne “ɔhempɔn” no so?\n24 Atɔe fam Roma Ahemman no mu na Roma Katolek sɔfopanyin, Pope Leo I a wagye din sɛ ɔno na ɔde popenom tumi sii hɔ wɔ afeha a ɛto so anum Y.B. mu no bae. Bere bi akyi no, pope no ankasa paw ne ho sɛ ɔde atɔe fam ɔhempɔn no besi ahengua so. Eyi sii Buronya da wɔ Roma wɔ 800 Y.B. mu bere a Pope Leo III de Frankfo hene Charles (Charlemagne) sii ahengua so sɛ ɔhempɔn wɔ Atɔe fam Roma Ahemman foforo no so no. Saa ahensi no ma wɔsan fii ahempɔn tumidi ase wɔ Roma, na sɛnea abakɔsɛm akyerɛwfo bi kyerɛ no, ɛno na efii Roma Ahemman Kronkron no ase. Efi saa bere no na Apuei fam Ahemman ne Roma Ahemman Kronkron a abien no nyinaa kyerɛ sɛ wɔyɛ Kristofo na ɛbae.\n25 Bere twaam no, Charlemagne adedifo daa wɔn ho adi sɛ wonnim tumidi. Bere bi mpo na wonni ɔhempɔn biara. Saa bere no na German Hene Otto I ako afa Italia atifi ne mfinimfini fam nsase dodow no ara. Osii ne ho Italia hene. Wɔ February 2, 962 Y.B. mu no, Pope John XII de Otto I sii ahengua so sɛ Roma Ahemman Kronkron no hempɔn. Na n’ahenkurow wɔ Germany, na na ahempɔn no ne ɔmanfo dodow no ara yɛ Germanfo. Mfe ahanum akyi no, Austria Hapsburg abusua no faa abodin “ɔhempɔn” no na wokuraa mu wɔ mfe a Roma Ahemman Kronkron no traa hɔ no dodow ara mu.\nWƆSAN HU AHENE BAANU NO PEFEE\n26. (a) Dɛn na yebetumi aka wɔ Roma Ahemman Kronkron no awiei ho? (b) Hena na ɔbɛyɛɛ atifi fam hene?\n26 Napoléon I sɛee Roma Ahemman Kronkron no bere a ɔpoe sɛ obegye atom sɛ edi tumi wɔ ne nkonimdi ahorow wɔ Germany wɔ afe 1805 mu no akyi. Esiane sɛ Ɔhempɔn Francis II antumi ammɔ ahemman no ho ban nti, ogyaee adedi sɛ Roma hempɔn wɔ August 6, 1806 mu, na okodii ne man so sɛ Austria hempɔn. Mfe 1,006 akyi no, Roma Ahemman Kronkron—a Roma Katolekfo pope Leo III ne Frankfo hene Charlemagne hyehyɛe—no baa awiei. Wɔ 1870 mu no, Roma bɛyɛɛ Italia ahemman a ɛnhyɛ Vatican ase no ahenkurow. Afe a edi hɔ no, German ahemman bi fii ase dii tumi bere a wɔde Wilhelm I yɛɛ ɛso kaesare anaa kaiser no. Enti, nnɛyi atifi fam hene—Germany—bedii tumi wɔ wiase no mu.\n27. (a) Ɛyɛɛ dɛn na Britania dii Misraim so? (b) Hena na obedii tumi sɛ anafo fam hene?\n27 Nanso na hena ne nnɛyi anafo fam hene no? Abakɔsɛm kyerɛ sɛ Britain bɛyɛɛ ahemman wɔ afeha a ɛto so 17 no mu. Esiane sɛ na Napoléon I pɛ sɛ osiw Britania aguadi akwan nti, ɔko faa Misraim wɔ 1798 mu. Wɔkoe, na Britania ne Ottoman nkabom no pam Fransefo no fii Misraim, a na wonim no sɛ anafo fam hene no wɔ ɔko no mfiase. Afeha a edi hɔ no mu no, nkɛntɛnso a na Britania wɔ wɔ Misraim so no mu trɛwee. Wɔ 1882 akyi no, na Misraim hyɛ Britania ase ankasa. Bere a Wiase Ko I fii ase wɔ 1914 mu no, na Misraim hyɛ Turkey ase na na amrado bi na odi so. Nanso, bere a Turkey kɔɔ Germany afã wɔ saa ɔko no mu no, Britania tuu amrado no ade so na Britania dii Misraim so tumi. Esiane sɛ Britania ne United States, Amerika, hyehyɛɛ abusuabɔ nkakrankakra nti, wɔbɛyɛɛ Anglo-Amerika Wiase Tumi. Wɔka boom bɛyɛɛ anafo fam hene.\n^ nky. 17 Esiane sɛ edin ‘atifi, fam hene’ ne ‘anafo fam hene’ yɛ abodin nti, ebetumi akyerɛ ahenni biara, a ɔhene, ɔhemmaa anaa aman akuw bi ka ho.\n^ nky. 20 Hwɛ Daniel 11:26 ho asɛm a ɛwɔ New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References a Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., tintimii no mu.\n• Roma hempɔn bɛn na odii kan sɔree sɛ atifi fam hene, na bere bɛn na ɔsomaa “ɔtowgyefo pempensifo” bi?\n• Hena na obedii tumi sɛ atifi fam hene wɔ Augusto wu akyi, na ɔkwan bɛn so na ‘wobubuu apam no kannifo no’?\n• Dɛn na efii ɔko a esii wɔ Aurelian, atifi fam hene no ne Zenobia, anafo fam hene no ntam mu bae?\n• Dɛn na ɛbaa Roma Ahemman no so, na tumi bɛn na ebegyee ahene baanu no dibea wɔ afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei mu hɔ?\n[Adaka/Mfonini wɔ kratafa 248-251]\nWODII OBIAKO NI, WOBUU ƆFOFORO NO ANIMTIAA\nOBIAKO maa ɔman a na akodi ama emu apaapae danee wiase ahemman. Ɔfoforo no maa ɔman no ahode bu bɔɔ ho mpɛn aduonu wɔ mfe 23 mu. Wodii obiako ni bere a owui no, nanso wobuu ɔfoforo no animtiaa. Roma ahempɔn baanu yi dii tumi wɔ Yesu asetra ne ne som adwuma no mu. Wɔne henanom? Na dɛn nti na wodii obiako ni na wɔanni ɔfoforo no ni?\n“OBEHUU NTAYAA WƆ ROMA NA OGYAW NO ABOFUFU”\nBere a wokum Julius Caesar wɔ 44 A.Y.B. mu no, na ne nuabea banana Gaius Octavian adi mfe 18 pɛ. Esiane sɛ ­Julius Caesar faa aberantewa Octavian sɛ ne ba na ɔno titiriw na obedi n’ade nti, ɔkɔɔ Roma sɛ ɔrekogye n’awunyade. Ɛhɔ na ohyiaa ɔtamfo bi a ɔyɛ den​—Caesar wɛmfo panyin Mark Antony a na ɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ɔno titiriw na obedi ade no. Amammui mu atirisopam ne tumi ho apereperedi a ɛbae wɔ ɛno akyi no kɔɔ so mfe 13.\nƐyɛ bere a Octavian dii Misraim Hemmaa Cleopatra ne ne dɔfo Mark Antony dɔm a wɔaka abom no so nkonim (wɔ 31 A.Y.B. mu) no ansa na ɔbɛyɛɛ Roma Ahemman no so hene ankasa. Afe a edi hɔ no, Antony ne Cleopatra kum wɔn ho, na Octavian faa Misraim dii so. Esiane sɛ Roma nam eyi so yii Hela Ahemman no fã a etwa to no fii hɔ nti, ɛbɛyɛɛ wiase tumi.\nEsiane sɛ Octavian kaee sɛ Julius Ceasar kankabi tumidi no na ɛma wokum no nti, ɔhwɛɛ yiye na wanni saa mfomso koro no ara. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wansɔre antia pɛ a na Romafo no pɛ sɛ wonya kwasafoman no nti, ɔyɛɛ n’ahemman no te sɛ kwasafoman. Ɔpoo abodin “ɔhene” ne “katabaako” no. Afei nso, ɔkae sɛ ɔpɛ sɛ ɔde amansin no nyinaa so tumi ma Roma Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no na ama ɔde ne dibea ahorow no ato hɔ. Nhyehyɛe yi ma onyaa nea ɔhwehwɛ. Mmarahyɛ Baguafo a wɔn ani sɔe no hyɛɛ Octavian nkuran sɛ ɔnkɔ so nkura ne dibea ahorow no mu na onni amansin no bi so tumi.\nAfei nso, wɔ January 16, afe 27 A.Y.B. mu no, Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no de abodin “Augusto” maa Octavian, a ɛkyerɛ “Nea Ɔkorɔn, Ɔkronkronni.” Ɛnyɛ abodin no nko na ­Octavian gyei na mmom ɔde ne din too ɔsram biako so na ɔfaa da biako fii February mu na ama August mu nnafua ne July a wɔde Julius Caesar din too so no mu nna dodow no ayɛ pɛ. Enti Octavian bɛyɛɛ Roma hempɔn a odi kan, na ɛno akyi no wɔbɛfrɛɛ no Kaesare Augusto anaa “Nea wɔfrɛ no August.” Akyiri yi ɔfaa abodin “pontifex maximus” (ɔsɔfopanyin) no nso, na wɔ 2 A.Y.B. mu​—afe a wɔwoo Yesu​—no, Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no maa no abodin Pater Patriae, “Ne Man Agya.”\nWɔ saa afe no ara mu no, “mmara bi fii Kaesare Augusto nkyɛn bae sɛ wɔnkan wiasefo nyinaa nkyerɛw wɔn din . . . Na nnipa nyinaa kɔɔ wɔn kurom kɔkyerɛw wɔn din.” (Luka 2:​1-3) Mmara yi nti, wɔwoo Yesu wɔ Betlehem na ɛmaa Bible nkɔmhyɛ nyaa mmamu.​—Daniel 11:20; Mika 5:2.\nNokwaredi bi ne sikasɛm a na ɛyɛ papa daa adi wɔ Augusto aban no mu. Augusto yɛɛ nhyehyɛe pa a na wɔfa so de nkrataa mena na ɔpaapaee akwan yeyɛɛ atwene. Ɔsan hyehyɛɛ asraafo no, na ɔhyehyɛɛ po so asraafo a wɔwɔ hɔ daa ne ahempɔn awɛmfo kuw a wɔyɛ den a wɔfrɛ wɔn Praetoria Awɛmfo. (Filipifo 1:​13) Esiane mmoa a ɔde mae nti, nhoma akyerɛwfo te sɛ Virgil ne Horace nyaa nkɔanim, na adwumfo dii nea nnɛ wɔfrɛ no tetefo adwini a ɛyɛ fɛ. Augusto sisii adan a Julius Caesar ansi anwie no wiei, na osiesiee asɔredan ahorow pii. Pax Romana (“Roma Asomdwoe”) a ɔde sii hɔ no traa hɔ bɛboro mfe 200. Augusto wui wɔ August 19, afe 14 Y.B. mu bere a na wadi mfe 76, na wɔyɛɛ no onyame wɔ ɛno akyi.\nAugusto hoahoaa ne ho sɛ “obehuu ntayaa wɔ Roma na ogyaw no abofufu.” Esiane sɛ na ɔmpɛ sɛ Roma bɛsan akɔ kan kwasafoman no mu akodi mmere no mu nti, ɔpɛe sɛ ɔtete ɔhempɔn a na odi hɔ no. Nanso na onni nnipa pii a ɔbɛpaw nea obedi n’ade afi mu. Na ne wɔfase, ne mmanananom baanu, n’ase, ne n’abanoma awuwu, ma aka n’abanoma Tiberio nkutoo a obedi n’ade.\n“NEA WOBEBU NO ANIMTIAA NO”\nAnnu ɔsram biako wɔ Augusto wu akyi na Roma Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no paw Tiberio a na wadi mfe 54 no sɛ ɔhempɔn. Tiberio dii hene kosii March 37 Y.B. mu. Enti, na ɔyɛ Roma ɔhempɔn wɔ bere a Yesu yɛɛ ne baguam som adwuma no mu.\nSɛ ɔhempɔn no, na Tiberio wɔ suban pa ne subammɔne. Suban pa a ɔdaa no adi no bi ne sɛ wampɛ sɛ ɔbɛsɛe sika wɔ afɛfɛde ho. Enti, ahemman no dii yiye na onyaa sika de boae wɔ asiane ne amanehunu mmere mu. Tiberio buu ne ho sɛ onipa kɛkɛ, na ɔpoo abodin a wɔde hyɛɛ no anuonyam no mu pii, na mpɛn pii no ɔde ɔsom a na wɔde ma ahempɔn no maa Augusto sen sɛ ɔde bɛma ne ho. Wamfa ne din anto ɔsram bi so sɛnea Kaesare Augusto ne Julius Caesar yɛe no, na wamma afoforo anhyɛ no anuonyam saa.\nNanso, Tiberio nnebɔne dɔɔso sen papa a ɔyɛe. Na onnye afoforo nni koraa, na na ɔyɛ nyaatwom wɔ ɔne afoforo ntam nsɛnnii mu, na okunkum nnipa wɔ n’ahenni mu​—ne nnamfo pii ka ho. Wɔ ɔman asetutu ho mmara akyi no, ɔtrɛw lèse-majesté mmara no mu de nsɛm a wɔka tiaa no kɛkɛ kaa ho. Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ mmara yi na Yudafo no de hyɛɛ Roma Amrado Pontio Pilato sɛ ɔmma wonkum Yesu no.​—Yohane 19:​12-​16.\nTiberio de Praetoria Awɛmfo traa baabi a ɛbɛn Roma denam atrae a wɔabɔ ho ban a osii wɔ kurow no afasu atifi fam no so. Wɔ a na Awɛmfo no wɔ hɔ no maa Roma Mmarahyɛ Baguafo a na wobetumi agye ne tumi afi ne nsam no suroe, na esiw basabasayɛ biara a na nnipa no betumi ayɛ no ano. Tiberio hyɛɛ nkurɔfo nkuran ma wɔbɛkekaa afoforo ho nsɛm kyerɛɛ no na ɔyɛɛ atirimɔdenne wɔ ɛrekɔ n’ahenni awiei no mu.\nBere a Tiberio wui no, na wobu no sɛ ɔhene tirimɔdenfo. Bere a owui no, Romafo dii ahurusi na Mmarahyɛ Baguafo no ampene so sɛ wɔbɛyɛ no onyame. Eyi ne nneɛma foforo nti, yehu sɛ nkɔmhyɛ a ese “nea wobebu no animtiaa” no bɛsɔre sɛ ‘atifi fam hene’ no nyaa mmamu wɔ Tiberio so.​—Daniel 11:​15, 21.\n• Ɛyɛɛ dɛn na Octavian bɛyɛɛ Roma hempɔn a odi kan?\n• Dɛn na yebetumi aka wɔ nea Augusto nniso tumi yɛe no ho?\n• Suban pa ne subammɔne bɛn na Tiberio daa no adi?\n• Ɔkwan bɛn so na “nea wobebu no animtiaa” no ho nkɔmhyɛ no nyaa mmamu wɔ Tiberio so?\n[Adaka/Mfonini wɔ kratafa 252-255]\nZENOBIA​—PALMYRA HEMMAA KOFONI NO\n“NA ƆYƐ tuntum . . . Na ne sẽ hoa te sɛ nhene fitaa, na n’aniwa akɛse tuntum no hyerɛn yiye nanso na n’ahoɔfɛ a ɛkyɛn so no mma wonhu eyi papa. Na ne menewam so, na ne kasa mu da hɔ. Na adesua ama sɛnea ɔte nsɛm ase sɛ mmarima no ayɛ kɛse. Na ɔte Latin, ne Hela, Siria, ne Misrifo kasa nso.” Saa na abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Edward Gibbon kamfo Zenobia​—Siria kurow Palmyra hemmaa kofoni no.\nNa Zenobia kunu ne Palmyra dehye Odaenathus a wɔmaa no dibea sɛ Roma temmufo panyin wɔ 258 Y.B. mu no, esiane sɛ otuu Persiafo so sa maa Roma Ahemman na odii nkonim nti. Mfe abien akyi no, Roma Ɔhempɔn Gallienus de abodin corrector totius Orientis (Apuei fam nyinaa amrado) maa Odaenathus. Persia Hene Shāpūr I so nkonim a odii nti na wɔyɛɛ eyi. Awiei koraa no Odaena­thus faa abodin “ahene mu hene” too ne ho so. Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ Zenobia akokoduru ne ne nyansa titiriw nti na Odaena­thus dii saa nkonim ahorow yi.\nZENOBIA PƐ SƐ ƆHYEHYƐ AHEMMAN\nWɔ 267 Y.B. mu, bere a na Odaenathus anya ne dibea a ɛsen biara no, wokum ɔne nea obedi n’ade no. Zenobia faa ne kunu dibea no, efisɛ na ne babarima sua dodo sɛ ɔbɛyɛ saa. Esiane sɛ na ne ho yɛ fɛ, ɔpɛ anuonyam, onim ɔmansohwɛ, na ɔtaa ne ne kunu kɔ ɔko, na ɔte kasa pii nti, otumi maa ne manfo buu no na wɔboaa no. Ná Zenobia pɛ adesua ma enti ɔde nhomanimfo twaa ne ho hyiae. Na n’afotufo no mu biako ne nyansapɛfo Cassius Longinus a na n’ano atew​—a wɔkyerɛ sɛ na ɔyɛ “nimdeɛ korabea no.” Nhoma kyerɛwfo Richard Stoneman ka wɔ nhoma Palmyra and Its Empire​—Zenobia’s Revolt Against Rome no mu sɛ: “Wɔ mfe anum a na edi Odenathus wu akyi mu no, . . . na Zenobia ama ne manfo bu no sɛ Apuei fam hemmaa.”\nNa Zenobia ahemman no da Persia a na ɔne ne kunu abrɛ no ase no ne Roma a na ɛregu no ntam. Abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo J. M. Roberts ka tebea a na ɛwɔ Roma Ahemman no mu saa bere no ho asɛm sɛ: “Ná afeha a ɛto so abiɛsa . . . yɛ bere a ɛyɛ hu ma Roma wɔ n’ahye a ɛwɔ apuei ne atɔe fam nyinaa, bere a na ɔmanko foforo ne ahenni ho apereperedi afi ase wɔ kurow no ankasa mu no. Ahempɔn aduonu abien (a wɔn a wɔn ankasa yeyɛɛ wɔn ho ahempɔn nka ho) bedii tumi kɔe.” Nanso, na Siria hemmaa no yɛ ɔhempɔn a n’ase atim koraa wɔ n’ahemman mu. Stoneman ka sɛ: “Bere a na ɔreboa ma ahemman abien [Persia ne Roma] tumi ayɛ pɛ no, na obetumi ahyehyɛ ahemman a ɛto so abiɛsa a ebetumi adi abien no so.”\nZenobia nyaa hokwan trɛw n’ahenni mu wɔ 269 Y.B. mu, bere a obi a ɔsɔre tiaa Roma nniso bepuee Misraim no. Zenobia asraafo de ahoɔhare kɔɔ Misraim, kosiw atuatew no ano, na wɔko faa ɔman no. Bere a ɔyɛɛ ne ho Misraim hemmaa no, otwaa sika de ne din too so. Afei de, na n’ahenni no trɛw fi asubɔnten Nil ho kosi Eufrate ho. Ɛyɛ Zenobia asetra mu bere yi mu na obedii tumi sɛ “[anafo, NW] fam hene.”​—Daniel 11:​25, 26.\nZenobia maa n’ahenkurow Palmyra bɛyɛɛ den na osiesiei ma ɛbɛyɛɛ sɛ Roma ahemman no mu nkurow akɛse no biako. Wobu akontaa sɛ emu nnipa duu bɛboro 150,000. Na ɔmanfo adan akɛse, asɔredan ahorow, nturo, adum, ne nkaedum ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ ahyɛ Palmyra, kurow a na wɔkyerɛ sɛ n’afasu trɛw yɛ kilomita 21 no mu ma. Na Korintofo adum a ne sorokɔ bɛboro mita 15​—a ɛbɛyɛ 1,500​—sesa so wɔ ne kwan titiriw no ho. Na nnɔmmarima ne adefo ayamyefo nkaedum ne ahoni abu so wɔ kurow no mu. Wɔ 271 Y.B. mu no, Zenobia yɛɛ nkaedum maa ɔne ne kunu a wawu no.\nNa Owia Asɔredan yɛ Palmyra adan a ɛyɛ fɛ sen biara no mu biako, na akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ na ɛyɛ nyamesom mu ade titiriw wɔ kurow no mu. Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ na Zenobia som owia nyame bi. Nanso, na afeha a ɛto so abiɛsa mu Siria yɛ ɔman a nyamesom pii wom. Ná nnipa a wɔfrɛ wɔn ho Kristofo, Yudafo, ne owia ne ɔsram asomfo wɔ Zenobia ahemman no mu. Su bɛn na ɔdaa no adi wɔ nyamesom ahorow yi ho? Nhoma kyerɛwfo Stoneman ka sɛ: “Ɔhene nyansafo remmu n’ani ngu amammerɛ biara a ɛte sɛ nea eye ma ne manfo so. . . . Ná wɔwɔ anidaso sɛ wɔaboaboa anyame no ano aba Palmyra afã.” Enti, ɛda adi sɛ na Zenobia wɔ nyamesom ahorow ho koma.\nEsiane Zenobia nipasu soronko no nti, na nnipa pii pɛ n’asɛm. Nanso, nea ɛho hia sen biara ne ne dibea a ɛma ɔyɛɛ ahenni bi a wɔkaa ho asɛm siei wɔ Daniel nkɔmhyɛ mu ho mfonini no. Nanso n’ahenni anni ammoro mfe anum. Romafo Hempɔn Aurelian dii Zenobia so nkonim wɔ 272 Y.B. mu, ma enti ɔsɛee Palmyra pasaa. Oyii mmɔborohunu adi kyerɛɛ Zenobia. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɔwaree Roma mmarahyɛ baguani bi na ɔde ne nkwa a na aka no traa ase a wanni ade bio.\n• Wɔaka Zenobia nipasu ho asɛm dɛn?\n• Zenobia akokodurusɛm no bi ne dɛn?\n• Na su bɛn na Zenobia kura wɔ nyamesom ho?\nƆhemmaa Zenobia a ɔrekasa akyerɛ n’asraafo\n[Nsɛm a wɔahyehyɛ/Mfonini wɔ kratafa 246]\nAHENE A WƆN HO ASƐM WƆ DANIEL 11:20-26\nAtifi fam Hene Anafo fam Hene\nDaniel 11:20 Augusto\nDaniel 11:21-24 Tiberio\nDaniel 11:25, 26 Aurelian Ɔhemmaa Zenobia\nRoma Ahemman German Britania,\nno sɛe a wɔkaa Ahemman no Anglo-Amerika\nho asɛm siei Wiase Tumi\nno maabae wɔ ɛno akyi\nCharlemagne nkaedum ketewa bi\nBritania afeha a ɛto so 17 akohyɛn\n[Mfonini nkutoo na ɛwɔ kratafa 230]\n[Kratafa 233 mfonini]\n[Kratafa 234 mfonini]\n[Kratafa 235 mfonini]\nAugusto mmara nti, Yosef ne Maria kɔɔ Betlehem\n[Kratafa 237 mfonini]\nSɛnea wɔhyɛɛ nkɔm no, ‘wobubuu’ Yesu wɔ owu mu\n[Kratafa 245 mfonini ahorow]\n1. Charlemagne 2. Napoléon I 3. Wilhelm I 4. German asraafo, Wiase Ko I\nShare Share Nnipa Ko a Ahene Baanu no Yɛ Sakra\ndp ti 14 kr. 230-255