Q=13	C=7	SS=0	LS=1	PS=10	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=2	G0=93	G1=72	G2=31	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Wp/tzm/Leonardo Da Vinci - Wikimedia Incubator\nWp/tzm/Leonardo Da Vinci\n< Wp‎ | tzmWp > tzm > Leonardo Da Vinci\nLeonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (Taṭalyanit :leo 'nardo di, sɛr' pjɛ:ro da (v)'vintʃi] ; 14/15 abril 1452 - 2 mayyu 1519), ittyawssan s Leonardo da Vinci, ikka-t-nn iga yan ugtusnak awṭalyan iddren g tleslalit, iruran taynit ɣer kigan n yigran zun d unuɣ, taklut, "sculpture", tasedga, tussna, aẓawan, tusnakt, tajenyurit, tasekla, "anatomie", tusnakalt, tasnallunt, tasnemɣit, "paléontologie", d "cartographie". Ikka-t-nn Leonardo da ittiri ad yisin akkʷ mayd illan ɣef ugama, ad yisin man-imk s teswuri ku taɣawsa, ikka-t-nn awed iḥrec bahra g teɣri, "designing" d usgadda n kraygatt asekkin.\nDa ttannayen kigan n medden Leonardo mas iga yan seg yimeklawen akkʷ xaternin g umezruy, wiyyaḍ da t-ttannayen am umayaf-nnsen akkʷ. Tenna fell-as tanmezruyt n tẓuri Helen Gardner mas d jjin ur izri mayd t-irwasen, acku ikka-t-nn da iggar taynit-nnes s ugudi n tɣawsiwin am is ur ili anelli-nnes iwetta. Ar tizi-ad nit ta jju nessen amya ɣef man-imk tt-nn-tekka "caractère"-nnes.\nIlul-d ammas n Vinci, yat teɣremt imeẓẓin illan tama n Flurinsa, Ṭṭalyan. ittuselɣem ɣef ufus n "sculptor" d umekla Andrea del Verrocchio afad ad imɣur d anaẓur, izzri tudert-nnes s umata-nnes, da gi-s iswuri dar kra n yiristuqraṭiyen iṭalyanen bahra bɣernin. G yiseggʷasen-nnes imeggura, idder g yat tgemmi ifulkin nna as-ifka ugellid n Fṛansa.\nDa tettyawḥasabent snat g tugniwin-nnes ɣef tugniwin akkʷ dar mi illa waddur g umaḍal, ad tent-igan d Mona Lisa d The last supper (Imensi ameggaru), isker awed agudi n wunuɣen, yan bahra gi-sen ittyawssanen am Vitruvian Man (Argaz Awvitruv). G umata n tikkal, ikka-t-nn Leonardo da bedda iswingim g yisnulfuten imaynutnin, ilin bedda di-s kra n walugen g ittzemmam akkʷ unuɣen d tektiyin-nnes, amata g yisnulfuten-nnes ur ten jju sul ismed. Ad seg-sen naf kra n tektiyin zun d "hélicoptère", "tank", tamsiḍent, "parachute", aṛubu, atilifun, tiẓri n tneflit d "énergie solaire".\n1.4.1 Tamgudt d urba akked Anne Tagʷrramt d John Amseddam\nTudert-nnes[edit | edit source]\nTimẓi-nnes, 1452-1466[edit | edit source]\nUnuɣ akkʷ iqburen dar Leonardo ɣef uyenna ittwassnen, Asif n Arnu, 1473. Illa g usefser n Uffizi.\nIlul Leonardo g 15 abril 1452, g teɣremt tatuskanit n Vinci, g yiɣzer n wasif Arnu, yura jedd-is Antonio da Vinci ifruriten n tlalit-nnes acku ur ta tahlen imarawen-nnes akud-ann, iga iwwi-s n Ser Piero da Vinci, yan umsentam awflurintin bahra ibeɣren, d Caterina, yat tmazzalt nna ɣef ggudin iwenniten d teẓriyin, illa mayd fell-as ittinin mas tt-nn-tekka tga yat tesmegt d-ikkan beṛṛa n tmazirt-nnsen, zun d Ccinwa neɣ d Anẓul-Agmuḍan, yili daɣ mayd ittinin mas tt-nn-tekka ur tgi abla yat tmeẓluḍt ult tmazirt-nnsen nit. D Leonardo, Iɣʷi-t-nn sul dar-s baba-s ikellef si-s, tiwel daɣ yemma-s turu semmus wazzanen-yaḍnin. Isem-nnes ummid iga-t "Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci", isnumken "Leonardo, iwwi-s n mass Pier u Vinci".\nIzzri Leonardo semmus g yiseggʷasen-nnes imezwura aked yemma-s g yat tgemmi mm wurti, fad ilemma immuti s Vinci ad izdeɣ aked ibba-s d temɣart-nnes tis-snat Albiera, ilin di-sen ula id jedd-is d ɛemm-is Francesco. Ḍart mayd imeqqur Leonardo, ur bahra izemmim ɣef temẓi-nnes abla yan sin yikettayen ẓlinin, amezwaru llig t-nn-ikka iẓẓel yan wass beṛṛa ujguggel-nnes, yuyel nnig-as yan ugḍiḍ ixatren isli-t s rric-nnes g wudem-nnes. Akettay-nnes azalan wis-sin iga-t; llig t-nn-ikka ar issara yan udrar yaf-nn yan yifri, d meqqar t-nn-ikka iksuḍ ad yili kra n xxu g waguns, ur t-tujji tdewwayt-nnes ad nn ser-s ur ikcim ad gi-s isnubbec.\nTasawert n Verrocchio, 1466-1476[edit | edit source]\nG 1466, llig t-nn-tekka dar Leonardo 14 useggʷas, yiwi-t-nn baba-s ɣer Flurinsa, afad ad ig anelmad n unaẓur Verrocchio.\nTekka-tt-nn tga Flurinsa yan udɣar ismectagen ul n yan umeẓyan innurzen ad yaɣul d anaẓur, ddren gi-s yad kigan n inaẓuren ttyawssanin g temrawant n 1200 zun d Cimabue d Giotto, dinna ɣer ibeṛṛem yan iɣef-nnes qad nn gi-s yaf ifarsen iẓuranen ẓilnin ttyawssanin, ha takatidralit takeswatt s talqubbet-nnes tamaynut igan tabarawt, ha taglizt n ugʷrram John s tiggura-nnes n wureɣ sfiqqisnint, tili g tama-nnes yat teglizt-yaḍen mi ssutulen wattayen-nnes "sculptures" d-kkanin "sculpteurs" akkʷ ttyawssannin zun d aselmad n Leonardo s yiɣef-nnes.\nAnaẓur igan aleḥyan akud-ann iga-t wa d yufan kra n umassaɣ i tfelwin-nnes, yan lli rad tent dar-s yawi s tugt-nnsent. Tawja akkʷ ibeɣren g Flurinsa n uzemz-ann Medici ad tt-igan, nettni ad dar ikka ubergemmi akkʷ ifejjijen ammas n temdint-ann, d iɛezz dar-sen ad ssaɣen tifelwin, isefrisen d tɣawsiwin-yaḍnin ẓilnin, kkan-t-nn awed da bahra ttraran taynit s tsekla d tfelsuft, kigan d inaẓuren iɛerrimen akud-ann; kkan da ttnuruzen ad si-sen raren ayt Medici d yimeddukkal-nnsen taynit.\nTezri dar Verrocchio yat tsawert imeqquren ur isalan, g ikka Leonardo da ittelmad tiɣarasin n tẓuri, imk-ann ma ɣef t-nn fell-as ikka iga ccil ad ilmed unuɣ, taklut, "sculpture" d umsudem. Maca g wakud igan yan, ilmed daɣ kraygatt tasugert tunfiɛt illan, zun d takrura, tagemɣuzt, tagebbaṣt, tawuri n yilmawen, tamikanikt d tnesramt.\nUr d Leonardo i waḍu-nnes ka dinn ikkan g tsawert-ann, amunen gi-s agudi n yimeklawen-yaḍnin, yili akkʷ gi-sen mayd yaɣulen d "célèbre" imeqquren, zun d Ghirlandaio, Perugino d Botticelli. Inaẓuren-ad, ur bahra ugren Leonardo s yiseggʷasen. Da ittales Giorgio Vasari yat tenfust ilan azal ɣef tizi-ad g tudert n Leonardo, g t-nn-ikka Verrocchio ar ikellu yat tfelwit ixatren iqqnen s wudum (baptême) n umasiḥ, ifka-as i Leonardo tmehla n ad iklu yan g yineglusen illan ɣef uẓelmaḍ-nnes. Inna Vasari mas t-nn ikʷla Leonardo s yat tmamekt imk-ad ifulkin, isres-nn akkʷ Verrocchio ccita-nnes s yat tikkelt, d ur jju d nettan ad sul iklu kra g tudert-nnes. S yan uzzray ineɣden, rad ifrek yan i mas d Leonardo ayd ixedmen ula igezzumen-ann-nnes yaḍnin, zun d izṛan, amzaz aqehwi d ula "background-nnes". Da ttinin awed ɣef Leonardo mas d fell-as isnulfa Verrocchio akud-ann asefris-nnes awbrunẓ n David isker gi-s am tmudemt-nnes.\nG 1472 zun d imk-ann, llig t-nn dar-s tekka 20 useggʷas, ilkem-d Leonardo "Guild" n St Luke (Luke Agʷrram), yat tmaddast n yinaẓuren d yiḍukturen n tesnijjit, d meqqar as-d-isersel ibba-s yat tsawert igan tinnes i yiɣef-nnes, iɣama-nn Leonardo dar Verrocchio iddeɣ dar-s tɛezza twuri dinna.\nTawuri akkʷ iqburen dar Leonardo ɣef uyenna ittyawssanen iga-t unuɣ n wasif Arnu ittyawskaren s uɣanib, ittuzemmem s usakud n 5 ɣuct 1473, yili ɣil-a g usefser n Uffinzi.\nTudert-nnes tazzulant, 1476-1499[edit | edit source]\nBaḍaḍ n umajus, (1481) g usefser n Uffizi\nAdday ittara Vasari ɣef Leonardo, da issemras kra n yiwaliwen zun d "noble", amafkay, "gracieux" d ufalkay, da aɣ-ittini Vasari mas t-nn-ikka Leonardo g tiɛɛurma-nnes, iga yan urgaz iɣezzifen iɣudan, ikka-t-nn idus kigan igeḍḍer, da akkʷ issefraɣ tisaliwin n yisan s yifassen-nnes qqurnin. Iẓil bahra umesli-nnes da si-s "charmer" wanna as ka isellan, isiggel kraygatt yan tiddukkla-nnes akud-ann. Ikka-t-nn iga yan umeccimɣan dar ɛezzan imudar, ar issaɣ kra tikkal igḍaḍ afad ad ten ka isderfi.\nIkka-t-nn Leonardo iga yan unaẓur ilan yat tmefkit taxatart, isnulfa-d g 1482 yat "lyre" n uẓref (nnqert) ɣef talɣa n yiɣef n wayyis, tizi g t-nn-ikka yan unebbaḍ amaynu g temdint n Milan agafa n Ṭṭalyan, igan s yisem Ludovico il Moro, yan uduk isennuɣjufen inebbaḍen-yaḍnin. Yuzen Lorenzo n ayt Medici Leonardo s Milan am umesqad-nnes afad ad ifek i Ludovico Lyre-ann-nnes am yat trezzift seg dar-s. Yura Leonardo i uduk n Milan yat tebratt, g ittales kullu tiɣawsiwin-ann ḥrecnin unfiɛnin nna mi izḍar, zun d asnulfu n tmacinin n girra. Yara-as awed s uzegzel mas "issen i teklut ula nettat", ur t-nn akkʷ ikki g ugayyu-nnes akud-ann mas d taɣawsa-ad nit s rad bahra sul ittyawssan. Iɣama-nn Leonardo g Milan da iswuri dar uduk ger iseggʷasen n 1482 d 1499, ikka dar-s yan ugezzum g twuri-nnes iẓlin ɣas s "design" n "défilés" n tfugliwin d ikaṛnabalen, ttyafan dar-s awed g walugen-nnes kra n wunuɣen i tmelsa n tmezgunin, idsen yimsegdalen "incroyable" d kra n yisinaryuten nna mi yallfus ad ilin assaɣ d umezgun.\nLeonardo, zun d nettan zun d amata n yinaẓuren bahra ttyawssannin g uzemz-nnes, kkan-t-nn dar-s idsen yimazzalen g tsawert-nnes, swa inelmaden iɛerrimen swa imawasen meqqurnin, ikka-t-nn yan g yinelmaden-nnes iga s yisem Gian Giacomo Caprotti da Oren. Ikka-t-nn iga yan urba iɣudan iṭṭafen "curls" n wureɣ ɣezzifnin fulkinin. Ikka da di-s ittacka ad ig tamudemt n yineglusen dar yinaẓuren. Maca iga awed yan uxendallas iceqqan, "Salai" neɣ "Salaino" (isnumken "iblis imeẓẓin") ka ad as-ittini Leonardo.\nYura Leonardo g walug-nnes ɣef Salai, mas t-nn-ikka iga yan uṭemmaɛ d yan bu tkerkas ur ilin anaw, d mas t-nn-ikka da as bedda ittaker tiɣawsiwin-nnes g tgemmi, idder di-s ammas n uzedduɣ-nnes i 30 yiseggʷasen am unelmad d umazzal-nnes.\nAyyis Axatar[edit | edit source]\nAfares n Leonardo akkʷ ilan azal akud-ann g uzemz n uswuri dar Ludovico, iga-t asnulfu n yan usefris axatar ɣef talɣa n yan umnay issudan ayyis-nnes, ad si-s ssimɣuren s unebbaḍ-nnsen izwaren Francesco Sforza. Izwur-d Leonardo s wayyis, deffir mayd bahra isker tezrawin-nnss ɣef "anatomie" n wanaw-a g yimudar, issuneɣ-asen id "design"; isnulfa-d yan wayyis n tallaɣt ixatren mi iga s yisem "Gran Cavallo" (Ayyis Axatar), ikka-t-nn rad as sul ittuga ubrunẓ-nnes afad ad yaɣul ayyis awbrunẓ akkʷ ixatren g umezruy atrar. Maca ur as sul tettusmid twuri-nnes s temgeṛẓa. G 1494, ifka Ludovico abrunẓ-ann akkʷ dar-sen illan ad t-nn-ssurrin s "cannons" iddeɣ fell-asen d-ikcem userdas awfṛansis s uwettas n usdurriy. Ayyis n tallaɣt ixatren, ibidd ukan tizi-ann g rad d-urrin ifransisen s Milan g 1499 afad ad daɣ armen ad tt-sdurriyen, smersen-t tikkelt-ad i usleɣmu n tniyyact, xlun-t kullu.\nTamgudt n Isulilen[edit | edit source]\nIzzri Leonardo snat tseqqimin n teklut nna mi dar illa wazal g wakud g t-nn-ikka da iswuri dar Ludovico. Yat seg-sent; ad iklu yat tfelwit n uzatim (zzit) nna rad iddun s useɣres axatar n tegʷmat n usemmeḍren iɣusen (Confraternity of the immaculate conception), isker gi-s Leonardo snat tfelwin ifel-d yat aked yimhiwac n Milan, yiwi di-s ṭayya s Franṣa, tɣama-nn. Ad tettyafa ass-a g usalay n Louvre.\nUr mzarayent tfelwin-a s yisem, da mmalant s sin-itsent amuɣli n Maryam Tamgudt aked bijju-nnes Ɛissa, ammas n yan udɣar ameḍlus igan kullu isulilen,َ mani g rad mmaggaren aked John Amseddam. Tella yat tenfust (nna ur illin g Injil, tili ɣas g taysi tawmasiḥt) ɣef man-imk s imlala Ɛissa bijju aked John g uɣaras ittawin s Misṛa. G tmuɣli-a, illa John ar ittẓalla; yall-d Ɛissa bijju afus-nnes ibarek-t. Tettyawssan tfelwit-ad n Leonardo s unezwi-ann-nnes ikerrmen nna aɣ-takka, asidd-nnes aɣrib ikkaten s yan usyafa ittawin tiysas, imula-nnes dranin d "background"-nnes immalan agelmam d yidurar ammas n taggut. Ur jjin akkʷ tettyawskar kra n tfelwit igan zun d nettat g kullu mayd izrin.\nImensi Ameggaru[edit | edit source]\nTafelwit tis-snat n Leonardo g Milan nna mi dar illa wazal, is akkʷ tettyawssan uggar n tiyyaḍ. Nettat ayd igan s yisem Imensi Ameggaru (the Last Supper), da temmala imensi akkʷ igguran dar Ɛisa s tamunt n yimeḥḍaren-nnes dat wammaẓ d menɣiwt-nnes. Ista Leonardo ad iklu imir-ann g ittini Ɛisa "rad iyi gi-wen iɣḍer kra n yan", da ittales Leonardo addad n ubhaḍ d unnuɣjef nna d-iɣʷin yineḍfaren-nnes s simraw, da t-ittales s uɣaras n yimuggan d wudmawen n medden ammas n tfelwit. Idsen ar sawalen, idsen bidden, idsen ar ttalen g yifassen-nnsen s tiwdi.\nIkka-t-nn uneggal Matteo Bandello da iẓerra Leonardo ammas n twuri-nnes. Yura fell-as mas da izzray mennaw n wussan; ar ka ikellu akkʷ mayd ila wass s war utci, ibidd daɣ ilemma kṛaḍ neɣ d kkuẓ n wussan-yaḍnin bla gi-sen iklu wala isker yat, kra n tikkal; ar ka dinn ittṣemmar mnid n tfelwin-nnes ar gi-sen ittqezzaz. Inna Vasari mas as-ɣʷlin idammen i umɣar n teɣzamt tamhawcant, itter-as ad isneɣmes Leonardo s mas as-d-iqqan ad iswurri s timmri. Inna Vasari mas t-nn-ikka Leonardo ittecṭen akkʷ, acku ur inni d yiɣef-nnes is rad nit izḍar ad isgadda udem n Ɛisa mezyan, inna-as i uduk mas yallfus is rad isker g wudem n umɣar n yimhiwac tamudemt-nnes i Judas ameɣdar.\nDeffir mayd tesmed twuri n tfelwit, nnan fell-as kullu willi tt-ẓranin s umata-nnsen mas d tawuri-nnes tamayuft akkʷ ayenna.\nMaca ur as yad issemres Leonardo i tfelwit-ann "fresco" as-d-yusan, isker-as "tempera" iggi n gissu (gesso), nna ur da ittusemrasen yad-lli i tfelwin n uɣrab. Imk-ann ma ɣef as-ittca tɣurdin-nnes txemmej kullu, terwi s yat tikkelt ḍart yat tmiḍi yiseggʷasen. Meqqar d-iḍer uklu n kra g idɣaren-nnes seg uɣrab, tekka-t-nn tfelwit-ann tettyawssan kigan, ancet-ann lli gi-s ittusiggzen-ittusneɣlen yuger kullu tifelwin tisegdanin n umaḍal.\nTudert-nnes tazzulant, 1499-1513[edit | edit source]\nG 1499, seḍren Ludovico il Moro. Immuti Leonardo seg Milan aked umazzal-nnes Salai d umeddakkel-nnes amusnak Luca Pacioli s Vinisya. Iswuri dinna Leonardo am yan umasgad d ujenyur aserdasan. Acku tga Vinisya yat temdint ibidden ɣef kigan n tegzirin, yurem Leonardo ad iswingim g itsent tɣarasin ma s fell-as ittegdal azzaɣen n iɣerruba. G 1500, yurri-d Leonardo ɣer Flurinsa s tamunt n yimazzalen d yinelmaden-nnes. Fkan-as imhiwac n teɣzamt "Holy Annunciation" yat taddart d yat tsawert imeqquren.\nTamgudt d urba akked tgʷrramt Anne d ugʷrram John Amseddam (c. 1499–1500)—Asefser Anamur, London\nTamgudt d urba akked Anne Tagʷrramt d John Amseddam[edit | edit source]\nIbda Leonardo tawuri ɣef yat tfelwit-yaḍen, ig-nn yan uɣawas g yiɣef-nnes issuneɣ-as yat tunuɣt imeqquren; immalan Mayram Tamgudt, tsekkus ɣef ufud n yemma-s Anne Tagʷrramt tusi di-s abijju-nnes Ɛisa, yili ɣef ufasi-nnes John Amseddam (Baptist). Inna Vasari mas tsebheḍ tunuɣt-ann tafalkayt akkʷ midden, ddan-d ad tt-annin irgazen d tmeṭṭutin, imeẓyanen wala wid meqqurnin s tigrummawin, ad tinid is d kra n umuggar axatar a s d-uckan. Da tettyafa ɣil-a tunuɣt-ad g Usefser Anamur, London. Meqqar d bahra teqbur tezzef, tili ammas n yat tmeṣriyt illasen, da ttekkan midden kraygatt ass asefser-nnes afad ad ka skubbren mind-nnes. Zun d nettat zun d mennawt g twuriwin n Leonardo, ur as jju ismed tafelwit-nnes.\nImenɣi n Anghiari[edit | edit source]\ntad tga tunɣilt i tfelwit n Leonardo igan s yisem" Imenɣi n Anghiari" nna tt-nn-ikkan ittuxlan, iga-as aɣrab addal g wattayen n 1560; yallfus is tga tunɣilt-ad aɣawas i tfelwit\nG 1502 d 1503, iswuri Leonardo dar Cesare Borgia, aristuqraṭ idusen iwwi-s n ubaba Alexander wis-sḍis. Ikka-t-nn Leonardo da di-s ittmuddu am yan umasgad d ujenyur aserdasan, da ttekkan mennaw yidɣaren ugens n Ṭṭalyan. Tigiriwin n 1503, yurri-d Leonardo s Flurinsa, ilkem-d "Guild" n Luke Agʷrram i tikkelt-yaḍen.\nTettufka-as yat tmeskirt bahra istawhemman seg dar useqqim (Signoria) n Flurinsa, ran-t ad asen-iklu yan seg sin "frescos"-ann xaternin nna rad ilin ammas n yiɣerban n tmeṣriyt akkʷ dar mi illa wazal g ubergemmi n useqqim-nna, ittukellaf Michelangelo s teklut n Imenɣi n Cascina, ikellef Leonardo s tin Imenɣi n Anghiari. Issenta Leonard g usenfar-nnes, isker tezrawin-nnes ɣef wudmawen n yirgazen rfanin d yiysan-nnsen mmaɣnin, issuneɣ-ten, ilin ukan sul unuɣen-a ar ɣil-ad g walugen-nnes. Maca s temgeṛẓa, rad daɣ ig uya yan "failure" seg dar Leonardo, acku llig nn-ikʷla tugna-ann g uɣrab, g udɣar n ad issemres "fresco", ismerkes-as ikʷlan-nnes aked uzatim (zzit), imk-ann ma ɣef as-ggammin ad zwun. Llig yurem ad ten-issreɣ s imikk n wafa, tefsi-as tfelwit kullu-tt. Issuneɣ Peter Paul yat tunɣilt i ugezzum-nnes anammas, awin-as-d ayt useqqim n teɣremt ḍart yat tizi ma rad as daɣ yalsen g uɣrab. Ur ikemmel Michelangelo tafelwit-nnes awed netta iddeɣ as-iɣra ubaba s Ruma.\nG wattayen n 1503, ibda Leonardo ar ikellu tafelwit n yat tmeṭṭut ittyawssanen s Mona Lisa, tasefrist akkʷ nna mi dar illa waddur nger kullu tifelwin-yaḍnin. Mennaw yiseggʷasen ad gi-s izzri, tga yat tugna imeẓẓin ittwaklun s uzatim iggi n yan yifil n ukeccuḍ. Da temmala udem, tafegga tanafellant d yifassen n yat tmeṭṭut ilsan am ku ass. G tsefrisin, da yad-lli tlessa tameṭṭut timelsa d tzuzaf-nnes timayufnin. Tles ɣid Mona Lisa yat tqendurt iḍlan d yan waddal aseggan afella yiɣef-nnes. G umata n tikkal, da ittajja Leonardo g tfelwin-nnes kra n yizumal ma's yakka kra n tmula (indices) ɣef umdan nna gi-sen ittilin. Ayenn igan aɣrib g tugna-a d uyenna igan aɣbalu i yisem nna s tettyawssan iga-t uzmummeg-nnes : Mona Lisa Giaconda, da tesnamek Giaconda "tanna itteṣṣan", (tga Mona azegzel n Madonna isnumken "Lalla-nu".)\nTamentilt n maɣ allig bahra tettyawssan tfelwit-ad, iga-t iddeɣ tektur s yidrigen, da nn-ttaggʷan allen n Mona Lisa s yinigi-nnes, maca ur inni awed yan ad d-ildi ayenn issaran iɣef-nnes. Allen-nnes d ula imi-nnes, da ttumanen am is da zmummugen, tamsalt igan tamaynut g teklut n tsefrisin, acku da gi-s yad-lli ttumanen midden s umata-nnsen gan "sérieux". Iceqqa ad yakez yan tinfaliyin n wudem n Mona Lisa s usenɣed, acku mek yad ira yan ad iɣer isyafaten n wayya yakez-ten, iqqan-t-id ad nn-iluḥ asmaqqel-nnes s usga n tɣemriwin n wallen d yimawen-nnsen. Ixdem-tt Leonardo s yat tmamekt g tettumanen imula fessusnin g tseggiwin n wudem, ameggerḍ d yifassen-nnes, da tettusemma tamamekt-a "sfumato" (isnumken "aggu" s taṭalyanit). Ḍart mayd tt-ẓran kra n yinaẓuren-yaḍnin, nnan d yiguyya-nnsen mas d ur rad zḍaren i teklut n kra n tfelwit igan zun d nettat.\nTudert-nnes tazzulant, 1506-1516[edit | edit source]\nG 1506, yurri-d Leonardo s Milan aked yinelmaden-nnes, idder g tgemmi-nnes ammas n Porta Orientale. Aɣulen idsen g yinelmaden-nnes d imeklawen : Bernardino Luini, Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio d Marco D'Oggione. Isker D'Oggione mennawt tunɣilin i Imensi Ameggaru, isker Luini yat i Tamgudt n Isulilen, ikʷla Boltraffio d wiyyaḍ kigan n tugniwin n id Madonna d Ubijju, izḍar yan ad tent sul iẓer g yisefsar n tẓuri d ula tiglizin.\nRetrieved from "https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wp/tzm/Leonardo_Da_Vinci&oldid=4825655"\nThis page was last edited on 8 July 2020, at 01:19.