question: what is the name of season 6 of american horror story

answers: Roanoke

answers: American Horror Story: Roanoke

title: American Horror Story

text: American Horror Story American Horror Story (sometimes abbreviated as AHS) is an American anthology horror television series created by Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk. Each season is conceived as a self-contained miniseries, following a different set of characters and settings, and a storyline with its own "beginning, middle, and end." Some plot elements of each season are loosely inspired by true events. The only actors to be present in all iterations are Evan Peters and Sarah Paulson with Lily Rabe and Frances Conroy appearing in all but one of the seasons each. The first season, retroactively subtitled "", takes place

title: American Horror Story

text: premiering in January 2018. A third season is in development. American Horror Story American Horror Story (sometimes abbreviated as AHS) is an American anthology horror television series created by Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk. Each season is conceived as a self-contained miniseries, following a different set of characters and settings, and a storyline with its own "beginning, middle, and end." Some plot elements of each season are loosely inspired by true events. The only actors to be present in all iterations are Evan Peters and Sarah Paulson with Lily Rabe and Frances Conroy appearing in all but one of the

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: American Horror Story: Murder House American Horror Story: Murder House (originally titled as American Horror Story) is the first season of the FX television series "American Horror Story". It aired between October 5, and December 21, 2011. The season was produced by 20th Century Fox Television, and the executive producers were Dante Di Loreto and series creators Brad Falchuk and Ryan Murphy. It centers on the Harmon family: , and their daughter , who move from Boston to Los Angeles after Vivien has a miscarriage and Ben has an affair. They move into a restored mansion, unaware that the house

title: American Horror Story

text: on December 21, 2011. The second season premiered on October 17, 2012, and concluded on January 23, 2013. The third season premiered on October 9, 2013, and concluded on January 29, 2014. The fourth season premiered on October 8, 2014, and concluded on January 21, 2015. The fifth season premiered on October 7, 2015, and concluded on January 13, 2016. The sixth season premiered on September 14, 2016, and concluded on November 16, 2016. The seventh season premiered on September 5, 2017, and concluded on November 14, 2017. The eighth season premiered on September 12, 2018 and concluded on November

title: American Horror Story: Roanoke

text: the season was possibly subtitled "The Mist", as a Rotten Tomatoes page and "TV Guide" magazine had printed; which was later proven untrue. There is a direct connection to "Freak Show" with an exploration of the Mott family origin. In a late September issue of "Entertainment Weekly", Falchuk and Murphy revealed there would be a major twist coming to the series in "Chapter 6". Murphy said of the matter, "You'll see starting in episode 6, the show has a huge turn and the thing that you think you're watching is not what you're watching, It's a hat on a hat

title: American Horror Story: Hotel

text: American Horror Story: Hotel American Horror Story: Hotel is the fifth season of the FX horror anthology television series "American Horror Story". It premiered on October 7, 2015, and concluded January 13, 2016. The series was renewed in October 2014, with the subtitle "Hotel" being announced in February 2015. Returning cast from previous seasons of the series include: Kathy Bates, Sarah Paulson, Evan Peters, Wes Bentley, Matt Bomer, Chloë Sevigny, Denis O'Hare, Angela Bassett, Mare Winningham, Christine Estabrook, Finn Wittrock, Lily Rabe, Anthony Ruivivar, John Carroll Lynch, Matt Ross, and Gabourey Sidibe, along with new cast members Lady Gaga and

title: American Horror Story

text: The title sequence for all seasons of the show use a variation of the Willow typeface that very closely resembles a style for which Scottish designer Charles Rennie Mackintosh was known. As part of the promotion for the series, FX launched a "House Call" campaign, in which viewers at home could sign up and come face-to-face with a character from the series. Prior to the series premiere, FX released several clues to shine light on the series. They were offered on the show's official YouTube channel. Ten clues were released. In September 2011, FX launched a website which allows visitors

title: American Horror Story: Cult

text: American Horror Story: Cult American Horror Story: Cult is the seventh season of the FX horror anthology television series "American Horror Story". It premiered on September 5, 2017, and concluded on November 14, 2017. The series was renewed on October 4, 2016. The subtitle "Cult" was announced on July 20, 2017. This season takes place in the fictional suburb of Brookfield Heights, Michigan, during the year 2017, and centers on a cult terrorizing the residents in the aftermath of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Returning cast members from previous seasons include Sarah Paulson, Evan Peters, Cheyenne Jackson, John Carroll Lynch,

title: American Horror Story: Roanoke

text: ["Hotel"], not smaller. But just not opulent. More rogue and more dark." In October 2015, when questioned about clues and hints alluding to the sixth season (as has been the status quo since the first season of the series) in "Hotel", Murphy revealed he had yet to definitively decide on a theme, "This is an interesting year in that the idea that we’re dealing with I've mentioned in several seasons. It's been there before. We've actually talked about it a lot on the show. I might do that for season 7 but I'm leaning towards that for season 6." In

title: American Horror Story: Apocalypse

text: the eighth season would be set 18 months in the future and would feature an "" and "Coven" tone. In July 2018, it was announced at the San Diego Comic-Con that the title of the season would be "Apocalypse". In April 2018, it was revealed that series veteran Sarah Paulson and Evan Peters would make their directorial debut in an episode of the season. It was later revealed that Paulson would direct the sixth episode. Peters, in the end, did not direct an episode. As with previous seasons, several teasers were released. On September 4, 2018, a short trailer was

title: American Horror Story: Cult

text: its seventh season, the series has been nominated for 22 awards, 3 of them were won. American Horror Story: Cult American Horror Story: Cult is the seventh season of the FX horror anthology television series "American Horror Story". It premiered on September 5, 2017, and concluded on November 14, 2017. The series was renewed on October 4, 2016. The subtitle "Cult" was announced on July 20, 2017. This season takes place in the fictional suburb of Brookfield Heights, Michigan, during the year 2017, and centers on a cult terrorizing the residents in the aftermath of the 2016 U.S. presidential election.

title: American Horror Story: Roanoke

text: Jackson, and Evan Peters confirmed their involvement with the sixth season. O'Hare stated he would return in some capacity in a May 2016 interview. "Us Weekly" has reported the returns of Bentley, Bates, and Wittrock. In an early August 2016 interview with "Glamour", series veteran Sarah Paulson announced her return for the sixth year. She said of the show, "I just think I have the greatest job on the planet because my TV show ["American Horror Story"] is going into its sixth season and I'm playing an entirely different character, like nothing I've ever played." She plays the featured re-enactor

title: American Horror Story: Freak Show

text: American Horror Story: Freak Show American Horror Story: Freak Show is the fourth season of the FX horror anthology television series "American Horror Story". It premiered on October 8, 2014 and concluded on January 21, 2015. The season is mainly set in 1952 Jupiter, Florida, telling the story of one of the last remaining freak shows in the United States, and their struggle for survival. Returning cast members from the of the series include: Sarah Paulson, Evan Peters, Frances Conroy, Denis O'Hare, Emma Roberts, Angela Bassett, Kathy Bates, Jessica Lange, Grace Gummer, Gabourey Sidibe, Danny Huston, Jamie Brewer, and Mare

title: American Horror Story: Coven

text: American Horror Story: Coven American Horror Story: Coven is the third season of the FX horror anthology television series "American Horror Story". It premiered on October 9, 2013, and concluded on January 29, 2014. The season takes place in 2013, in New Orleans, and follows a Coven of Salem witches as they fight for survival. It also features flashbacks to the 1830s, 1910s, 1960s, 1970s and 1990s. Returning cast members from the previous seasons of the series include: Sarah Paulson, Taissa Farmiga, Frances Conroy, Evan Peters, Lily Rabe, Denis O’Hare, Jessica Lange, Jamie Brewer, Alexandra Breckenridge, and Robin Bartlett, along

title: American Horror Story: Roanoke

text: American Horror Story: Roanoke is the sixth season of the FX horror anthology television series American Horror Story.  It premiered on September 14, 2016, marking the first time the series has debuted outside of October, and concluded on November 16, 2016.

title: American Horror Story

text: in the aftermath of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. The eighth season, subtitled "", takes place in California during the years 2018-2021 and features the return of the witches from "Coven" as they battle the Antichrist from "Murder House" and attempt to prevent the apocalypse. The series is broadcast on the cable television channel FX in the United States. On January 12, 2017, the series was renewed for a ninth season, with a two-season renewal alongside "Apocalypse". On August 3, 2018, the series was greenlit for a tenth season. Although reception to individual seasons has varied, "American Horror Story" largely

title: American Horror Story: Apocalypse

text: American Horror Story: Apocalypse American Horror Story: Apocalypse is the eighth season of the FX horror anthology television series "American Horror Story". It premiered on September 12, 2018, and concluded on November 14, 2018. It has been described as a crossover between the and seasons of the series. The season was announced on January 12, 2017. Returning cast members from previous seasons include Sarah Paulson, Kathy Bates, Evan Peters, Adina Porter, Emma Roberts, Cheyenne Jackson, Billy Eichner, Leslie Grossman, Billie Lourd, Jessica Lange, Taissa Farmiga, Gabourey Sidibe, Lily Rabe, Frances Conroy, Stevie Nicks, Connie Britton, Dylan McDermott, Erika Ervin, Wayne

title: American Horror Story: Cult

text: On August 21, 2017, the opening title sequence of the season was revealed, following its absence in the previous season. That same month, Murphy confirmed that, contrary to the past seasons, "Cult" would not feature supernatural elements. During the Winter 2017 TCA Press Tour, series mainstays Sarah Paulson and Evan Peters were reported to be starring as the leads in the season. In March 2017, "Billy on the Street" host Billy Eichner was announced to be cast in the series, playing a role in the life of Paulson's character. His character is slated for appearing in "six or seven" episodes.

title: American Horror Story: Cult

text: revealed on July 20. He also teased that the opening sequence of the series would return in this season, following its absence in "". On July 20, 2017, it was announced at the San Diego Comic-Con that the title of the season would be "Cult". Murphy also revealed it would be set in Michigan, and confirmed it would consist of a total of 11 episodes, premiering on September 5, 2017. For the first time, the series did not air on Wednesdays but rather on Tuesdays. On August 3, 2017, online posters revealed the names of multiple characters of the season.

title: American Horror Story

text: 14, 2018. Seasons 5-7 premiered on the same day and same time with the American broadcasts on FX in Canada, though the first season followed a slightly different schedule as that network launched on October 31, 2011. The series is aired in India on STAR World Premiere HD shortly after its U.S. airing. Along with it, it airs on FX India on standard definition. The of "American Horror Story, Murder House" received generally positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 73% of 38 critics gave the first season a positive review. The site's consensus stated: "Convoluted yet

title: American Horror Story: Asylum

text: American Horror Story: Asylum American Horror Story: Asylum is the second season of the American FX horror television series "American Horror Story," created by Brad Falchuk and Ryan Murphy. It originally aired from October 17, 2012 to January 23, 2013. The premise of the second season marked a departure from that of the series's , featuring all new characters and a new location, thus marking "American Horror Story" as an anthology series at the time. The season begins in 1964 at the fictional mental institution, Briarcliff Manor, following the stories of the staff and inmates who occupy it, and intercuts

title: American Horror Story

text: joined the fifth season's cast along with series newcomer Cheyenne Jackson during PaleyFest 2015. Chloë Sevigny and Wes Bentley were promoted as main cast members, after they appear as recurring special guests in "Asylum" and "Freak Show" respectively. Murphy later announced the returns of Kathy Bates, Sarah Paulson, Evan Peters and Angela Bassett. In June 2015, it was announced Denis O'Hare would also return for the fifth season. In August 2015, Murphy announced the character roles for the cast: Gaga's Elizabeth Johnson also known as "The Countess", a fashionista vampire who owns the Hotel Cortez; Jackson's Will Drake, a desperate

title: Chapter 8 (American Horror Story)

text: of 6.3/10. Tom Philips of the "New York Observer" wrote that the episode's "reliance on heavy gross-outs and strong character beats lead to what has to kindly be called a mixed bag". In contrast, Emily L. Stephens of "The A.V. Club" was more positive, writing, "The grimness of "Chapter 8" is leavened by flickers of tenderness, some of it from unexpected quarters." Chapter 8 (American Horror Story) "Chapter 8" is the eighth episode of the of the anthology television series "American Horror Story". It aired on November 2, 2016, on the cable network FX. The episode was written by Todd

title: American Horror Story: Freak Show

text: finale "Curtain Call". American Horror Story: Freak Show American Horror Story: Freak Show is the fourth season of the FX horror anthology television series "American Horror Story". It premiered on October 8, 2014 and concluded on January 21, 2015. The season is mainly set in 1952 Jupiter, Florida, telling the story of one of the last remaining freak shows in the United States, and their struggle for survival. Returning cast members from the of the series include: Sarah Paulson, Evan Peters, Frances Conroy, Denis O'Hare, Emma Roberts, Angela Bassett, Kathy Bates, Jessica Lange, Grace Gummer, Gabourey Sidibe, Danny Huston, Jamie

title: American Horror Story: Hotel

text: stories of the Countess and the Hotel Cortez. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On October 13, 2014, FX renewed the series for a fifth season for an October 2015 premiere. Network president John Landgraf stated that the season would necessitate a "huge reinvention" for the series. The season's subtitle was confirmed as "Hotel" in February 2015. The theme and Gaga's involvement were hinted in the as an image of a top hat, an arcane clue alluding to the 1935 screwball musical comedy film "Top Hat", which is set in a hotel and features a song called "Cheek to Cheek", also the title of Gaga's

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: the title sequence for the AMC series "The Walking Dead" and the 1995 film "Se7en". The theme music was composed by sound designer Cesar Davila-Irizarry and musician Charlie Clouser. The sequence is set in the Harmons' basement and includes images of postmortem young children, unborn (or aborted) babies in jars, skulls, a Christening dress, a nurse's uniform, and a figure holding a pair of bloody hedge clippers. Murphy described the sequence as a mini-mystery and stated, "By the time you see the ninth episode of this season, every image in that title sequence will be explained". "American Horror Story: Murder

title: American Horror Story: Roanoke

text: January 2016, FX president John Landgraf revealed that the season will be "principally set in the present", with a dual timeline in "echoes of the past". He also confirmed a fall 2016 premiere. At the 2016 PaleyFest, Murphy divulged that the two previous ideas [the writers] had been considering had been merged into season six, saying it will involve children and operatic themes. The season will consist of 10 episodes, the least in a given cycle, in the show's history; with the finale scheduled to air November 16, 2016. On September 1, 2016, it was reported by "Entertainment Weekly" that

title: American Horror Story: Hotel

text: ["American Horror Story"] have always managed to be unsettling, but season five's creepy credits might top the list." "American Horror Story: Hotel" initially received mixed reviews from critics, but, as the season progressed, the reviews became more positive. The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the season a 63% approval rating (average episode score of 75%) with an average rating of 6.38/10 based on 43 reviews. The site's consensus reads, "Favoring garish style over effective storytelling, the fifth American Horror Story strands a talented cast at Ryan Murphy's Hotel." On Metacritic, the season was given a score of 60 out of

title: American Horror Story: Cult

text: Bates will not appear in "Cult", after four seasons of regular appearances. Murphy also revealed via his Instagram account that "" character Twisty the Clown would return in the seventh season, indicating that John Carroll Lynch would reprise his role. In February 2017, it was announced the season would begin principal photography in June 2017. By the next month, filming was moved to May 2017. On May 24, 2017, writer and producer John J. Gray confirmed the show started filming. On October 7, 2017, it was confirmed that the sixth episode of the season would be edited as a direct

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: a Drama Series, and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie. The first season follows the Harmon family: Ben (Dylan McDermott), Vivien (Connie Britton) and Violet (Taissa Farmiga), who move from Boston to Los Angeles to start a new life in a Victorian mansion, after Vivien has a miscarriage and Ben has an affair with Hayden McClaine (Kate Mara), one of his students. On arrival, they learn from Marcy (Christine Estabrook), the real estate agent, that the previous owners of their new mansion, a couple named Chad and Patrick (Zachary Quinto and Teddy

title: American Horror Story: Roanoke

short_answers:
American Horror Story: Roanoke
Roanoke


question: who created the very first adhesive postage stamp and what year

answers: Sir Rowland Hill

answers: 1837

title: Postage stamps and postal history of the United States

text: With the exceptions of George Washington and Benjamin Franklin, Lincoln appears on US Postage more than any other famous American. The first self-adhesive stamp was a 10 cent stamp from the Christmas issue of 1974. It was not considered successful, and the surviving stamps, though not rare, are all gradually becoming discolored due to the adhesive used. Self-adhesives were not issued again until 1989, gradually becoming so popular that , only a handful of types are offered with the traditional gum (now affectionately called "manual stamps" by postal employees). The increasing frequency of postal rate increases from the 1970s on,

title: James Chalmers (inventor)

text: James Chalmers (inventor) James Chalmers (2 February 1782, Arbroath – 26 August 1853, Dundee) was a Scotsman (buried on 1 September 1853 in plot 526 Dundee Howff) who it was claimed, by his son, was the inventor of the adhesive postage stamps. He trained as a weaver, before he moved to Dundee in 1809 on the recommendation of his brother. He established himself as a bookseller, printer and newspaper publisher on Castle Street. He is known to have been the publisher of "The Caledonian" as early as 1822. Later he served as a Burgh Councillor and became Convener of the

title: Revenue stamps of the United Kingdom

text: the centuries since then, and they are still in use today. The first adhesive revenue stamps were chocolate duty stamps issued in the 1740s, but no examples of these have survived today. The oldest known adhesive stamps of which examples still exist were issued in the 1780s for duties on hats, gloves and perfume. British revenue stamps therefore predate the first postage stamp, the Penny Black, was issued in 1840. Surface printed revenues which had designs similar to postage stamps were first issued in 1853, and in 1855 embossed adhesive stamps began to be issued. A wide range of revenue

title: James Chalmers (inventor)

text: to evince his father's share in the work of postal reform and as inventor of the adhesive postage stamp. His book "Robert Wallace MP and James Chalmers, the Scottish Postal Reformers" was published in 1890. Patrick Chalmers daughter, Leah Chalmers, wrote a book "How the adhesive postage stamp was born" which was published in 1939. In 1971 a further book was published about James Chalmers "James Chalmers Inventor of the adhesive postage stamp". The co-author William J Smith was a director of David Winter & Sons Ltd (successor to the James Chalmers printing company). Charles Chalmers had succeeded his father

title: Adhesive

text: in German and Swiss factories. In 1876, the first US patent (number 183,024) was issued to the Ross brothers for the production of casein glue. The first US postage stamps used starch-based adhesives when issued in 1847. The first US patent (number 61,991) on dextrin (a starch derivative) adhesive was issued in 1867. Natural rubber was first used as material for adhesives starting in 1830. In 1862, a British patent (number 3288) was issued for the plating of metal with brass by electrodeposition to obtain a stronger bond to rubber. The development of the automobile and the need for rubber

title: Rowland Hill

text: envelopes are a mainstay of the direct mail industry. In May 1840 the World's first adhesive postage stamps were distributed. With an elegant engraving of the young Queen Victoria (whose 21st birthday was celebrated that month), the Penny Black was an instant success. Refinements, such as perforations to ease the separating of the stamps, were instituted with later issues. Rowland Hill continued at the Post Office until the Conservative Party won the 1841 General Election. Sir Robert Peel returned to office on 30 August 1841 and served until 29 June 1846. Amid rancorous controversy, Hill was dismissed in July 1842.

title: Self-adhesive stamp

text: Avery Dennison, that soon became discolored due to the instability of the adhesive. It was another 15 years (1989) before another such stamp was issued by the USPS. Stamp collectors criticized the format, as the rubber base adhesive used tended to progressively yellow the stamps. They also found them difficult to remove from covers, and to save in mint condition, though self-adhesives of recent years have improved in these respects. The British Post Office first issued self-adhesive stamps on October 19, 1993, with the introduction of books of 20 First Class stamps, later a 2nd class stamp was introduced. In

title: Pre-adhesive mail

text: popularised until after the introduction of postage stamps. Pre-adhesive mail includes court and government letters and items from the general populace before official public mail services were introduced. The mail often bears distinctive town and other marks applied worldwide. In the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland pre-adhesive mail was the norm before the Penny Black and Two pence Blue stamps were issued for use by the General Post Office on 6 May 1840, and in other countries, to mail used prior to each country's postal administration adopted adhesive labels to indicate postage had been pre-paid. In the United

title: Self-adhesive stamp

text: Self-adhesive stamp A self-adhesive stamp is a postage stamp with a pressure-sensitive adhesive that does not require moistening in order to adhere to paper. They are usually issued on a removable backing paper. They were first issued by such tropical climates as Sierra Leone in February 1964 and Tonga in April 1969 in an attempt to avoid the tendency of traditional water-activated stamps to stick together in humid conditions. They also made die cutting into fanciful and unique shapes easier. The United States Postal Service's first foray into self-adhesive stamps was in 1974 with the 10-cent dove weathervane, produced by

title: Sri Lanka Post

text: whose inland territory had never been under the influence of the Dutch. The first adhesive stamps (the six-pence purple-brown stamps on blued paper) were issued on 1 April 1857, seventeen years after Britain had introduced the adhesive postage stamp to the world. The first stamps in local denominations of rupees and cents were issued on 1 February 1892. The General Post Office was housed in different places in Colombo. By 1895 it acquired its own building, opposite the Governor General's residence - the Queens's House on Queen's Street, currently the Janadhipath Mawatha (President's Street). During the disturbances in the country,

title: Sydney Selwyn

text: broadcasts he gave on the dangers of licking postage stamps (particularly in countries that used crude forms of "cow gum" made from bones that could contain a worrying variety of still active diseases) he was consulted by De La Rue and the Walsall Security Printing companies who were early pioneers of self-adhesive stamps. One of the resulting projects he became involved with was the development of a set of self adhesive stamps featuring historic post boxes for Gibraltar. He appeared a number of times as "a medical expert" on television. For example, in the 1970s he was interviewed by Frank

title: Perkins Bacon

text: Allen. The records were subsequently acquired by the Royal Philatelic Society London where Percy de Worms organised them for publication and display. Perkins Bacon Messrs. Perkins, Bacon & Co was a printer of books, bank notes and postage stamps, most notable for printing the Penny Black, the world's first adhesive postage stamps, in 1840. Jacob Perkins invented and sold "soft steel" plates for engraving that were hardened after being engraved. The plates were between one and three inches thick, and some weighed fifty pounds. He produced some currency in the USA, and with engraver Gideon Fairman produced the first books

title: Adhesive label

text: and postage stamp gum for a more detailed discussion. Label may be produced individually, or in sheets, which case they are usually separated by perforations or rouletting, see postage stamp separation. Adhesive label An adhesive label or sticky label is a small piece of paper designed to be affixed to another larger piece of paper or other object, typically by the action of a layer of adhesive on the back of the label. The most familiar type of label is the postage stamp, which was developed in the mid-19th century. In 1935 R. Stanton Avery invented a machine to make

title: Adhesive label

text: Adhesive label An adhesive label or sticky label is a small piece of paper designed to be affixed to another larger piece of paper or other object, typically by the action of a layer of adhesive on the back of the label. The most familiar type of label is the postage stamp, which was developed in the mid-19th century. In 1935 R. Stanton Avery invented a machine to make self-adhesive labels. The concept has since been extended into a variety of areas: Almost every imaginable type of paper and adhesive has been used at some point; see postage stamp paper

title: Penny Black

text: In 1837, British postal rates were high, complex and anomalous. To simplify matters, Sir Rowland Hill proposed an adhesive stamp to indicate pre-payment of postage.  At the time it was normal for the recipient to pay postage on delivery, charged by the sheet and on distance travelled. By contrast, the Penny Black allowed letters of up to ⁄2 ounce (14 grams) to be delivered at a flat rate of one penny, regardless of distance.

title: Postage stamp gum

text: postal envelope. The first use was by Sierra Leone in 1964, and the United States tried it later on a 1974 Christmas stamp; this was judged a failure and was not reintroduced until 1989 when it gradually became widespread. In the 1990s, the U.S. Post Office began transitioning from water-based stamps into the use of self-adhesive stamps. By 1995, only 20 percent of the thirty-five billion stamps the Post Office produced every year were self-adhesive, yet by 2013 almost all U. S. stamps issued had become self-adhesive. A 1965 British study of the transmission of bacteria and viruses on gummed

title: Postage stamps and postal history of Great Britain

text: if the fee was collected from the recipient. Fixed rates meant that it was practical to avoid handling money to send a letter by using an "adhesive label", and accordingly, on 6 May, the Penny Black became the world's first postage stamp in use. After more than 2,000 suggestions were submitted, Rowland Hill chose the method and printer, and worked by trial and error to achieve the required result. He decided to go with Perkins, Bacon & Petch, "a firm of bank-note printers, to carry out the work by the process of steal engraving, and the head of the Queen

title: Revenue stamps of the United Kingdom

text: by De La Rue, and their design resembles that of postage stamps, so many philatelists regard them as the first "true" adhesive revenue stamps. In 1855, a single stamp inscribed " was issued replacing the two separate issues. Inland Revenue stamps were introduced in 1860. Initially, the 1855 stamp was overprinted ", but sets of new stamps were issued later on that year. A number of Inland Revenue stamps were issued over the next two decades, both surface printed designs depicting Queen Victoria, as well as embossed adhesives with an underprint. The Customs and Inland Revenue Act of 1881 necessitated

text: Later that year, Daniel Webster rose in the U.S. Senate to recommend that the recent English postal reforms—standardized rates and the use of postage stamps—be adopted in America. It would be private enterprise, however, that brought stamps to the U. S. On February 1, 1842 a new carrier service called "City Despatch Post" began operations in New York City, introducing the first adhesive postage stamp ever produced in the western hemisphere, which it required its clients to use for all mail. This stamp was a 3¢ issue bearing a rather amateurish drawing of George Washington, printed from line engraved plates

title: Thomas Moore Musgrave

text: role, he was influential in the introduction of the Penny Black, the first postage stamp, and Mulready stationery. The first posting of a stamp in the world was from Bath post office on 2 May, four days prior to the official issue date. Only three blue (twopenny) Mulready envelopes marked 6 May 1840 are known to exist, one of which was from Musgrave and addressed to Isabella Tudor of Bath, and now resides in the Bath Postal Museum, which also has an exhibition about Musgrave. Musgrave died on 4 September. He left behind one daughter, Ann, aged 32 at the

text: Great Britain commemorative stamps 1980–89 Commemorative stamps, which are postage stamps issued to honor or commemorate a place, event or person, have been released by Great Britain since 1924. Several sets were released during the decade of the 1980s. Postage stamps were first used in Great Britain on 6 May 1840, with the introduction of the world's first Adhesive Postage Stamp the Penny Black. Up until 1924 all British stamps depicted only the portrait of the reigning Monarch, with the exception of the 'High Value' stamps, the so-called "Sea Horses" design, issued in 1913, which were twice the size of

title: Stamps family

text: of the family name occurred in 1191. In that year, the Pipe Rolls of the City of London listed a "John de Stampes." Sir Thomas Stampe appears in the Feet of Fines for Essex, 1424. One of the first Stamps in America was Thomas Stampe, who on May 15, 1635 left for Virginia from London aboard the "Plaine Joan" and quickly established himself in the New World. By August 1638, he controlled on the Nansamond River and of mostly swampland in James City County, where he operated a mill. Dr. Timothy Stamps (1728–1800) was a physician who studied in Germany

title: Revenue stamps of the United Kingdom

text: during the 19th and 20th centuries. The Colony of Jamaica might have used impressed duty stamps as early as 1804, while Mauritius was using inked impressions for revenue purposes in the 1820s. Early users of adhesive revenue stamps include Jamaica, which issued surface printed revenue stamps in 1855, and the Colony of Natal, which roughly at the same time issued embossed adhesives similar to those used in Britain. Some British revenue stamps were also overprinted for use in the colonies. Impressed duty stamps were overprinted for use in the protectorate of Cyprus. Embossed adhesives were overprinted for use in Barbados,

title: Self-adhesive stamp

text: later years other issues were produced in the self-adhesive format. Die cutting tools for the UK self adhesive stamps were manufactured by Arden Dies of Stockport, Cheshire using tools designed by Robert Clapham. Outside of the philatelic community, the stamps have been welcomed as more convenient; by 2002, virtually all new USPS stamps were issued as self-adhesives. More recent USPS self-adhesive stamps are not readily removable from the envelope or cover backing by traditional water soaking. Some collectors of used stamps have discovered that although not readily removable by water, the self-adhesives can be removed with Bestine (a hexane solvent),

text: Great Britain commemorative stamps 1990–99 Commemorative stamps, postage stamps issued to honor or commemorate a place, event or person, have been released by Great Britain since 1924. Several sets were released during the decade of the 1990s. Postage stamps were first used in Great Britain on 6 May 1840, with the introduction of the world's first adhesive postage stamp, the Penny Black. Up until 1924, all British stamps depicted only the portrait of the reigning monarch, with the exception of the 'High Value' stamps, the so-called "Sea Horses" design issued in 1913, which were twice the size of normal stamps

title: First day of issue

text: when the letter was sent. It was later decided that an adhesive label should be used to prevent forgeries and miss-use of the postal service and the Penny Black stamp was born. The stamp was pre-paid and covered a letter up to 14 grams in weight. It was officially released for sale on the 6th May 1840 however, several post offices that received the stamps prior to the 6th released the stamps early. The City of Bath is known for releasing the stamps on the 2 May 1840. Here began the very first First Day Covers. Event covers, also known

title: Postal stationery

text: used cards. The US has never issued any letter cards. Before 1845 correspondence was not enclosed in an envelope. Letters were folded, sealed, addressed and postmarked on the outside. This continued even after adhesive postage stamps were introduced. The popularity of folded letters led postal authorities to introduce stamped letter sheets. These became available in the U.S. in 1861, but the first official postal stationery were the 1838 embossed letter sheets of New South Wales. These were followed by the Mulready stationery that was issued by Great Britain at the same time as the Penny Black in 1840. Since then,

title: Postage stamp separation

text: far easier to roulette the separations, than to actually puch out the holes for perforations. A few types of stamps have combined rouletting and perforation, for instance South Africa in 1942. The first self-adhesive stamp was issued by Sierra Leone in 1964, and by the 1990s these stamps came into wide use. These are inevitably diecut, meaning that the stamps themselves are cut entirely apart, held together only by the backing paper. At first the backing paper was itself solid, but in a repeat of history, is now slightly rouletted so as to facilitate tearing off blocks of stamps without

text: not already paid for by the sender. Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established. Stampless letters, paid for by the receiver, and private postal systems, were gradually phased out after the introduction of adhesive postage stamps, first issued by the U.S. government post office July 1, 1847, in the denominations of five and ten cents, with the use of stamps made mandatory in 1855. The issue and use of adhesive postage stamps continued during the 19th century primarily for first class

text: Great Britain commemorative stamps 1970–79 Commemorative stamps, postage stamps issued to honor or commemorate a place, event or person, have been released by Great Britain since 1970. Several sets were released during the decade of the 1970s. Postage Stamps were first used in Great Britain on 6 May 1840, with the introduction of the world's first Adhesive Postage Stamp known as the Penny Black. Until 1924, all British stamps depicted only the portrait of the reigning Monarch, with the exception of the 'High Value' stamps (also known as the "Sea Horses" design) issued in 1913, which were twice the size

title: Penny Black


question: do you cut cards to the left or right

answers: right

title: Cut (cards)

text: cut by taking the original bottom portion of the deck and placing it on top of the just-moved cards. Once the cut is complete, the dealer picks up the deck, straightens or "squares" it, and deals the cards. Rules of procedure or etiquette may vary concerning who makes the cut, the minimum or maximum number of cards which may be cut off the top, whether the dealer or the cutter restacks the cards, whether a cut card is employed, and whether a cut is mandatory. The practice of cutting is primarily a method of reducing the likelihood of someone cheating

title: Cut (cards)

text: such as taking only the top card, taking some cards from the bottom or taking every card bar the bottom one as a cut, is often acceptable according to rules. Other rules may specify that at least three cards must be taken or left in making a cut. Sometimes up to three cuts are allowed. A sensible minimum is about one-fifth of the deck. During informal card games, the dealer is typically not required to offer the cut, and even if offered, the designated player can decline the request. On the other hand, any player may specifically request to cut

title: Cut (cards)

text: moves to conceal the real result. Cutting cards is usually a prelude to a game, but it can be a game unto itself. Each player, in turn, removes a selection of cards from the top and reveals the bottom card to all the players, and then replaces the cards in the original position. Whoever has revealed the highest (or sometimes lowest) card is the winner. This is often used in an informal setting, much like flipping coins; it is also sometimes used to determine who will play first in a card game. The command to "cut the cards", followed by

title: Cut (cards)

text: someone literally chopping the deck in half with an axe, is a none-too-subtle gag that has been used many times in popular media, going back to at least the vaudeville days. Examples include Harpo Marx in "Horse Feathers", Curly Howard in "Ants in the Pantry", and Bugs Bunny in "Bugs Bunny Rides Again". Cut (cards) In many card games, to cut the cards (or to cut the deck) is a procedure used just prior to the cards being dealt to the players. A common procedure is that after the cards have been shuffled, the dealer sets the cards face-down on

title: Rules of cribbage

text: chooses four cards to retain, discarding the other one or two face-down to form the "crib" that will be used later by the dealer. At this point, each player's hand and the crib will contain exactly four cards. The player on the dealer's left cuts the undealt portion of the deck (leaving at least 4 cards), and the dealer reveals the top card of the bottom section, called the "starter" or the "cut", placing it on top of the deck face up. (It is illegal to peek at any other cards in the deck during this process.) If this card

title: Cut (cards)

text: those two consecutive cuts are equivalent to a cut the size of (7 + 4 = 11 (mod 10)) = 1. The deck will be in the order (2,3...,10,1). A false cut is a move used either in magic, or for cheating when playing card games. It appears to be a real cut, but leaves the deck in the same order as when it began. More sophisticated versions may make specific desired changes to the deck's order, while still appearing to be an innocuous normal cut. There are many ways to accomplish a false cut, involving misdirection or using complex

title: Monte Carlo (solitaire)

text: the deck are set aside for later as the reserve. Cards that make up a pair (such as two Kings or two Sixes) are removed when they are immediately next to each other horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. Once all pairs have been removed, the cards are consolidated, i.e. moving cards to the left as if towards the upper left corner to fill any gaps left behind by the discarded pairs. New cards are then laid out from the reserve to form a fresh layout of 25 cards. This removal of pairs, consolidation of cards, and addition of new cards continue

title: Cut (cards)

text: can be demonstrated that multiple top-to-bottom (non-Scarne's) cuts are equivalent to some single cut. In fact, knowing the size of the deck and the size of the cuts, the formula for the composite single cut is given as the sum of the sizes of the cuts modulo the size of the deck. For example, in a 10 card deck, if a 7 card cut and a 4 card cut are made, that is, 7 cards are moved from the top of the deck to the bottom and then the resulting top 4 cards are also moved to the bottom, then

title: Königrufen

text: in the middle of the table and deals another 6 cards to each player. The cutter is the player to the left of, or opposite, the dealer who cuts the shuffled deck into two packets, which are then reassembled by the dealer in reverse order. This gives the cards an additional shuffle and ensures the dealer does not cheat. The cutter is usually given the option of "knocking" instead of cutting. In this case, the talon is placed down first and then four stacks of twelve cards are counted out next to the talon. The players - starting at the

title: Cut (cards)

text: the cards before they are dealt. If a cut is requested by a player, it must be granted by the dealer. In formal player dealt settings, such as in a casino or during a tournament, an offer to cut the deck is mandatory and the designated player must perform the cut, generally by inserting a cut card (a plastic card about the size of a playing card, usually solid-colored) into the deck; the dealer then makes the actual cut at that point in the deck. When the dealer is not a player (i.e. a casino employee), the cut is mandatory

title: One-Handed Solitaire

text: a pocket or elsewhere if standing. If there are previously drawn cards in your hand, rearrange the hand so that four cards are visible. If there are not enough cards to do this, draw from the back so that four cards are visible. If the first and fourth card are the same number (or face card) discard all four cards. Again, if there are previously drawn cards in your hand, rearrange the hand so that four cards are visible. If there are not enough cards to do this, draw from the back so that four cards are visible. Repeat the

title: Go-Stop

text: cuts the deck. The remaining cards are placed face down on top of the cut portion of the deck in the center of the table to form a draw pile. Before the play begins, the players check for sets of two, three or four cards of the same month on the table. If there is a set, they pile it up on top of each other, usually leaving space on each of the top part of the cards. There are several ways to collect points in Go-Stop. When a player accumulates at least three (for three players) or seven (for

title: Cribbage

text: dealt, each player chooses four cards to retain, then discards the other one or two face-down to form the "crib" (also called the box), which will be used later by the dealer. At this point, each player's hand and the crib will contain exactly four cards. The player on the dealer's left cuts the deck and the dealer reveals the top card, called the "starter" or the "cut". If this card is a Jack, the dealer scores two points for "his heels". Starting with the player on the dealer's left, each player in turn lays one card face up on

title: Cut (cards)

text: by manipulating the order of cards to gain advantage. Even if the dealer (or the shuffler, if he is not the dealer) does not plan on cheating, cutting will prevent suspicions, thus many rules require it. Some players also consider the cut to be lucky. Parlett says the purpose of cutting is to prevent the bottom card from being known. The contiguous section may also be taken from the middle of the deck. This is called "Scarne's cut", though in some settings this is considered poor etiquette or against the rules. A cut involving a very small number of cards,

title: Cut (cards)

title: Cuttle

text: reach 21 points before their opponent each player must attempt to use their turn most effectively. These are the standard mechanics as proposed in the earliest surviving ruleset. Several variations on these mechanics exist. When playing a card for points the player removes the card from their hand and places in front of them. Once a point card has been placed on the table it is considered in-play. Point cards which are in-play should be made distinctly separate from each player's layout and be visible to their opponent. Point cards which are removed from play in any way are placed

title: Dummy rummy

text: from the top of the deck. It is up to the player whose turn it is, to allow this or to take the card themselves. That player must also check if any others want it left of the one whose turn it is until no players want it that will go before them. Any player may cut in at any time between a meld and the next players draw up to two times. If he loses count none=11 cards; one=14 cards; and 2 cut ins=17 cards. There are two options: If the player has already played their meld set, he

title: Perlaggen

text: has drawn. After cutting, the cards are dealt to the left. Each player is dealt five cards, two in the first packet and three in the second. The dealer must check if and how many Perlaggs the cutter has captured; if he has taken one, he gets only one card the first time; if he has taken two, none at all; if he has lifted three, he gets none the first time and two the second time; if he has captured all four Perlaggs, he is dealt no cards in the first packet and one in the second. If the

title: Bisca (card game)

text: and ending with the dealer. The next card is then turned face up, and its suit becomes trumps (called ""trunfo""). It is then placed at the bottom of the deck, partially visible. The player who cut the deck begins by placing a card from the three received in the deal. The opponent then places one of his cards, which will determine whether he captures or forfeits the cards on the table, based on the following precedence: The player who won the round then plays the first card of the next round. After the play each player (with two cards left)

title: Biriba

text: such that turns are taken by alternating team members The Deal: 1. To determine the first dealer, the players take turns cutting the deck. The player to cut with the highest card (excluding Wild's and 2's) is the first dealer. 2. The dealer cuts from the bottom of the deck, attempting to cut from the bottom the exact number of cards that equals 11 cards per player, plus one card which is placed face up next to the draw deck. 3. The dealer hands those cards to the player on his/her left. That player then deals the first hand of

title: Self-working magic

text: and all 3 on the 1st. You have one deck. Take 4 cards from the top and put them on the bottom. You can tell the audience every step you are doing. Now, you can get 0 points to 3 points. I will go thru the deck, and you grab your cards if you see them. If you grab all 3 by the end, you get 3 points, if you grab 1, you get one point, and so on. Now, put the 1st card face up, the 2nd face down. They will find no cards. Say that is OK, we

title: Rivers, Roads & Rails

text: way so that all lines are closed, without any end left open, and the cards forming a square without a gap. A possible solution would include a square of 10 x 14 cards, which then would resemble the shape of the original cardboard box. Experienced players often vary the rules for making the game more challenging. One version provides for each player taking 35 cards (as long as 4 players are involved), displaying ten cards open in front of him/her and trying, when it is his/her turn, to place as many as possible. Afterwards he/she will refill his/her 10 cards

title: Khanhoo

text: the A ♥, 2 ♣ and the 3 ♦ may be used to form a Khanhoo, and only the 7 ♦, 8 ♣ and the 9 ♥, with their respective Courts, may be used to form a Royal Group. Players cut for the deal, the lowest card winning. Each player receives fifteen cards dealt one at a time or in batches of two or three. The player sitting left of the dealer receives one extra card and has the privilege of leading first. Where the number of players is 4 or 8, the player who cuts the highest card may,

title: Cribbage

text: the game. This can even happen during the deal, since the dealer scores if a Jack is cut as the starter. The players cut for first deal, and the person who cuts the lowest card deals. The dealer shuffles and deals five or six cards to each player, depending on the number of players. For two players, each is dealt six cards; for three or four players, each is dealt five cards. In the case of three players, a single card is dealt face down in the centre of the table to start the crib. Once the cards have been

title: Thunee

text: does not have that suit he may play any other card in his deck. A hand can only be “cut” if a player does not have suit of the first card. His partner may cut higher to assume the lead if he too does not have that suit. Should the player who “cut” the hand be caught by the opposing team having the suit of the first card, then the opposing team is allowed to open 4 points (“4 ball”). If a player cuts a hand and his partner does not want to assume the lead he is allowed to

title: One-Handed Solitaire

text: above process of discarding until the first and fourth card are neither the same suit nor number, upon which you draw one card from the back of the deck and place it after the fourth card, rearranging the drawn cards so that only four are visible. Continue in this fashion until the end of the deck is reached. If all cards are discarded, you win the game. The odds of winning are very low, approximately one in 140. An optional rule to increase the odds slightly allows cards that have previously been drawn to be redrawn after the deck has

title: Durak

text: an attack, then the player to defender's left has priority and so forth going clockwise. Some variants only allow cards to be added to the attack once the first defending card has been played. At any point during a round of attacks, if a defender is unwilling or unable to beat the most recent attack card, they may give up their defense and must pick up all the cards played during that round of attack (all face up cards on the table). In addition to the defender picking up all the face up cards on the table, the other players

title: Dummy rummy

text: cards in sequence, the cards do not have to be in the same suit, such as 2-3-4-5 of hearts. Aces can be high (J-Q-K-A) or low (A-2-3-4) but not both (K-A-2-3). Twos and jokers are wild and can be used to represent any desired card. The player to the left of the dealer begins, and the turn to play continues clockwise. A turn consists of drawing, melding and discarding. This is an optional rule. When a player sees a card he or she likes then they can ask to cut in and take the card along with three additional cards

title: Kratzen

text: option to 'drop out'. Each player pays an ante into the pot; the dealer pays double. The dealer shuffles and offer the pack to rearhand to cut. Rearhand cuts and shows the bottom card of the top packet. If it is the "Weli", a Sow or a Seven, the cutter looks at the bottom card of the lower packet. Play now proceeds as follows, depending on the cards revealed: The above process is repeated each time until a normal card is cut. The dealer then deals a packet of 2 cards, in clockwise order, to each player. The next card

title: Myths and Legends

text: players search their Castle Deck for one Gold card and place it into their Gold Reserve areas. A player may only choose a Normal Gold card at the beginning of the game. Then the players shuffle their decks and pass the deck to an opponent to cut. The starting player is chosen randomly. Each player draws eight cards from the top of their Castle Deck to get their starting hand. Beginning with the first player, if a player does not want his or her starting hand, they can perform a mulligan as many times as they want, every time drawing

title: Cut (cards)

long_answer: A common procedure is that after the cards have been shuffled, the dealer sets the cards face-down on the table near the player designated to make the cut, typically the player to the dealer's right. That player initiates a cut of the deck by taking a contiguous range of cards off the top of the deck and placing it face-down on the table closer to the dealer; the dealer completes the cut by taking the original bottom portion of the deck and placing it on top of the just-moved cards. Once the cut is complete, the dealer picks up the deck, straightens or "squares" it, and deals the cards.


question: who were the first settlers in san antonio

answers: Spanish

answers: Spanish explorers

answers: varying cultures of indigenous peoples

title: Spanish Texas

text: that time, only 300 Hispanic settlers lived in San Antonio, with 200 others dispersed throughout the rest of the colony. The new immigrants began farming and renamed the town San Fernando de Béxar, establishing the first municipal, and only civilian, government in Texas. Juan Leal Goraz, the oldest of the settlers, was appointed the first councilman. As the first settlers of the municipality, the Islanders and their descendants were designated hidalgos. The established settlers resented the Islanders for their new titles and exclusive privileges within the city government. The newcomers did not know how to handle horses, rendering them useless

title: Green DeWitt

text: Gonzales, provisional governor of Coahuila y Tejas, at the confluence of the San Marcos and Guadalupe rivers. The first settlers arrived in the summer of 1825. DeWitt visited the colony in October, but spent much of 1825 in Missouri recruiting settlers. DeWitt was accused of misappropriation of funds in San Antonio, Texas, by settler Peter Ellis Bean, but was exonerated on October 16, 1825. Sarah DeWitt, whose Brooke County, Virginia family was quite wealth, contributed to her husband's endeavors, selling off some of her property in Missouri to help finance his venture. In July 1826 Gonzales was raided by Native

title: History of San Antonio

text: by Payaya Indians to build the bridge that connected the Misión de San Antonio de Valero and Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, and the Acequia Madre de Valero. On May 1, 1718, according to a statement certified to be preserved, Don Martin de Alarcon gave possession to Fray Antonio de Olivares of the Misión de San Antonio de Valero, later known as "The Alamo", based officially the mission. On May 5, was founded the Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, on the west side of the San Antonio River, the source of the present city of San Antonio Texas. The event

text: Taylor was also the first African American to be elected mayor of San Antonio and only the second woman in the position. History of African Americans in San Antonio Many African Americans in Texas remained in slavery until after the U.S. Civil War ended. There was scarce Union Army activity in Texas, preventing them from joining the Northern lines. During the Reconstruction Era, newly emancipated African American slaves began moving from rural areas in Texas to San Antonio, establishing Freedmen’s Towns on the city’s East Side. Ellis Alley was one of the first African-American neighborhoods in San Antonio. The city

title: Antonio Rodríguez Medero

text: Antonio Rodríguez Medero Antonio Rodríguez Medero (1712 - April 10, 1760) was the mayor of San Antonio, Texas in 1741. He was one of the first settlers of San Antonio and, in addition, the one who laid the foundation for the creation of the first "heritage of water" (privates water galleries that pass from generation to generation and that was developed in the Canary Islands) in United States, as well as the architect of the construction of several canals to irrigate the lands of the Canarian settlers in San Antonio. These heritage of water would serve as a model for

title: Antonio de Olivares

text: de Valero, later known as "The Alamo", based officially the mission. On May 5, was founded the Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, on the west side of the San Antonio River, the source of the present city of San Antonio Texas. The event was chaired by Martin de Alarcón, settling around 30 families in the surrounding area. On July 8, 1718 held at the new Mission San Antonio de Valero the first baptism, as reflected in the baptismal register of the mission. In 1719, Margil obtained permission from the Marqués de San Miguel de Aguayo to found a second mission

title: José Antonio de la Garza

text: José Antonio de la Garza José Antonio de la Garza (1776-1851?), was a Tejano who was the first landowner in San Antonio, Texas and the first man to create a coin in this state. Antonio de la Garza was elected mayor of San Antonio in 1813 and 1832. Antonio de la Garza was born in San Antonio de Béjar, Texas, on May 31, 1776. His parents were Leonardo de la Garza and Magdalena Martinez. His ancestors came from Nuevo Leon (modern Mexico). In 1813, he became the first elected mayor of San Antonio. In 1818, after acquiring permission from the

title: History of San Antonio

text: was chaired by Martin de Alarcón, settling around 30 families in the surrounding area. On July 8, 1718 held at the new Mission San Antonio de Valero the first baptism, as reflected in the baptismal register of the mission. On February 14, 1719, the Marquess of San Miguel de Aguayo made a report to the king of Spain proposing that 400 families be transported from the Canary Islands, Galicia, or Habana to populate the province of Texas. In June 1730, 25 families come to Cuba, and 10 families were sent to Veracruz. Under the leadership of Juan Leal Goraz, the

title: John William Smith (politician)

text: John William Smith (politician) John William Smith (November 4, 1792 – January 12, 1845) (born William John Smith in Virginia) was a Texas political figure, the first mayor of San Antonio under the Republic of Texas and the first mayor of San Antonio under the state of Texas. He supported and served Texas during the struggle for Texas Independence. Smith was born as the second son of John and Isabel Smith. He grew up in Ralls County, Missouri after moving from his birth state of Virginia, and received an expensive education. He married Harriet Stone in Hannibal, Missouri sometime between

title: Neighborhoods and districts of San Antonio

text: house has since been designated the Elizabeth Bowen Nelson House and is San Antonio Historic landmark #961. The tract was owned by the Bowens until H.J. Goode purchased the property around 1909. Knob Hill is primarily a residential neighborhood platted in February 1910 and is known for its overall architectural integrity. Its homes are reflective of the Classical Revival style interspersed with Folk Victorian, Bungalows, and Minimal Traditionals. It was at its prime in the early 20th century, as it was seen as an attractive and less expensive alternative to Laurel Heights and Tobin Hill. According to early real estate

text: Nelson Street to the south, and South Palmetto and New Braunfels Avenues to the west and east. The neighborhood is intersected by Virginia Boulevard. Knob Hill was part of the John Bowen tract purchased in 1853. The purchaser of the tract is believed to be the John Bowen, the first San Antonio postmaster and the owner of Bowen's Island (where the Tower Life Building is located downtown). The Victorian home located at 1003 South New Braunfels was built in 1897 and is immediately south of Knob Hill Addition was owned by Elizabeth Bowen Nelson, the daughter of John Bowen. The

title: History of San Antonio

text: Austin, began to settle in Texas in areas east and northeast of San Antonio. When Antonio López de Santa Anna, after being elected President of Mexico in 1833, rescinded the Mexican Constitution of 1824, violence ensued in many provinces of Mexico. In Texas the Anglo settlers joined many Hispanic Texans, who called themselves Tejanos, in demanding a return to the Constitution of 1824. In a series of battles the Anglo Texans, who called themselves Texians, supported by a significant number of Tejano allies, initially succeeded in forcing the Mexican military to retreat from Texas. Under the leadership of Ben Milam,

title: Architecture of Fredericksburg, Texas

text: Landmark in 1972, Marker number 10038. 312 W. San Antonio Street First Methodist Church of Fredericksburg was founded 1849 by the Rev. Eduard Schneider, with charter members: Melchior and Rosine Bauer, Johann and Margaretha Durst, Friedrich and Sophie Ellebracht, Ernst and Dorothea Houy, Ferdinand and Maria Kneese, Ludwig Kneese, Heinrich and Catharine Steihl, Jacob and Catharine Treibs, Fritz and Fredericka (Mary) Winkel. In 1855, during pastorate of the Rev. C. A. Grote, a 40 x native stone church was built. Designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1981, Marker number 10056. 113 San Antonio Street Evangelical Protestant Church of the

title: Gaspar Flores de Abrego

text: bequeathed his possessions on February 11, 1837. Gaspar Flores de Abrego José Gaspar Flores de Abrego (1781–1836) was a Tejano who served three terms as the mayor of San Antonio, Texas. He was also a land commissioner and associate of Austin's early colonists. José Gaspar María Flores de Abrego was born in San Antonio de Béjar as the son of Vicente Flores and Maria Antonia de las Fuentes Fernandes, descendants of Texas' first settlers, from the Canary Islands. He was the great-grandson of the first alguacil mayor of San Antonio, Vicente Álvarez Travieso (1731–1779). In 1827, he was acting land

title: History of San Antonio

text: The City of San Antonio is one of the oldest Spanish colonization of the European settlements in Texas and was, for decades, its largest city. Before Spanish colonization, the site was occupied for thousands of years by varying cultures of indigenous peoples.  The historic Payaya Indians were likely those who encountered the first Europeans.

title: Canarian Americans

text: and the settlers. An official inspection found that the water flow was plentiful enough to supply the missions and the villa. The tension between the missions and the settlers continued for some time, and later focused on land grant issues as well as irrigation. Fourteen years after the founding of San Antonio, the non-Isleño settlers complained that the stranglehold the Canarians had on local politics was tightening to the point of depriving them of water for their homes. In 1736, the first canal was dug to distribute the waters of the San Antonio River for irrigation. Antonio Rodríguez Medero and

text: History of African Americans in San Antonio Many African Americans in Texas remained in slavery until after the U.S. Civil War ended. There was scarce Union Army activity in Texas, preventing them from joining the Northern lines. During the Reconstruction Era, newly emancipated African American slaves began moving from rural areas in Texas to San Antonio, establishing Freedmen’s Towns on the city’s East Side. Ellis Alley was one of the first African-American neighborhoods in San Antonio. The city had a few (168) black slaves among its 3,436 people. Although slavery ended after the U.S. Civil War, by the mid-1870s racial

title: History of San Antonio

text: group marched overland to the Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, where they arrived on March 9, 1731. The group joined the military community that had existed since 1718, forming the first government of the city and taking as headquarters building Presidio of San Antonio de Béjar. In 1719, Margil obtained permission from the Marqués de San Miguel de Aguayo to found a second mission at San Antonio. However, Father Olivares he opposed it. Despite of it, the Zacatecan Franciscans founded Mission San José y San Miguel de Aguayo, next to the San Antonio River, on February 23, 1720. San Antonio

title: Juan Moya

text: lost most of their land in court battles. Moya's descendants still live in Goliad and in the surrounding counties. In 1974 the family organized the Moya Association of Texas with about 2,000 members from seven states. The association's role is to commemorate the memory of the Canarian settlers who were the first Texas colonists and cattle ranchers to settle in San Antonio. On September 10, 1982, Governor William P. Clements rewarded the family for retaining the Canarian culture, a unique aspect of Texas heritage. Juan Moya Juan Moya y Delgado (1806–1874) was a prominent Tejano landowner and Mexican army captain

title: San Pedro Springs Park

text: San Pedro Springs Park San Pedro Springs Park is located in the Bexar County city of San Antonio in the U.S. state of Texas. Surrounding the source of the springs, the 46-acre park is the oldest in the state of Texas. It is the location of a Payaya Indian village known as Yanaguana, and is the original site of the city of San Antonio. The park is alternately known as San Pedro Park. The park was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1965. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Bexar County, Texas on

title: Francisco Antonio Ruiz

text: during the Texas Revolution should be able to participate in making that decision. After the annexation was complete (late in 1845), Ruiz left San Antonio and lived for several years amongst the Indians. He later returned to the now-U.S. city of San Antonio. After his death on October 18, 1876, he was buried in the Ruiz-Herrera family cemetery in Bexar County. Francisco Antonio Ruiz Francisco Antonio Ruiz (c. 1804 – October 18, 1876) was the "alcalde" of San Antonio during the Texas Revolution and was responsible for identifying the bodies of those killed at the Battle of the Alamo. Ruiz

title: Tejano

text: of New Spain. Some of the first settlers were Isleños from the Canary Islands. Their families were among the first to reside at the Presidio San Antonio de Bexar in 1731 (modern-day San Antonio, Texas). Soon after, they established the first civil government at La Villa de San Fernando. Ranching was a major activity in the Bexar-Goliad area, which consisted of a belt of ranches that extended along the San Antonio River between Bexar (San Antonio area) and Goliad. The Nacogdoches settlement was located farther north and east. Tejanos from Nacogdoches traded with the French and Anglo residents of Louisiana,

title: San Antonio National Cemetery

text: in 1999. San Antonio National Cemetery San Antonio National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery in the city of San Antonio in Bexar County, Texas. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it encompasses , and as of the end of 2005, had 3,163 interments. San Antonio National Cemetery was a part of the city's cemetery, which was deeded to the federal government 1867. The first interments were Civil War Union soldiers reinterred from the city cemetery and outlying cemeteries, over 300 of which are unknown. San Antonio National Cemetery was listed in the National Register of

title: San Antonio National Cemetery

text: San Antonio National Cemetery San Antonio National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery in the city of San Antonio in Bexar County, Texas. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it encompasses , and as of the end of 2005, had 3,163 interments. San Antonio National Cemetery was a part of the city's cemetery, which was deeded to the federal government 1867. The first interments were Civil War Union soldiers reinterred from the city cemetery and outlying cemeteries, over 300 of which are unknown. San Antonio National Cemetery was listed in the National Register of Historic Places

title: José Antonio de la Garza

text: July 20, 1824, he married María Josefa Menchaca and they had four children. One of his sons, Leonardo Garza, became a banker, business owner, and one of the wealthiest citizens of Bexar County in his time. Garza died on May 5, 1851 in San Antonio, according to the State of Texas Bulletin. In 1876 Garza County was named after the family of José Antonio de la Garza. José Antonio de la Garza José Antonio de la Garza (1776-1851?), was a Tejano who was the first landowner in San Antonio, Texas and the first man to create a coin in this

title: Antonio Rodríguez Medero

text: Rodriguez Medero married Josefa de Niz, daughter of the future mayor of San Antonio, Manuel de Niz, between 27 August and 15 November 1730, in Quaticlan, Mexico, before arriving in San Antonio. One of his sons was named Prudencio Rodriguez. According to a description that has come down to us, Antonio was of medium height, broad-shouldered, white, flat nose, gray eyes, brown hair and eyebrows, plump face pockmarked, and a hawthorn in the right cheek. Antonio Rodríguez Medero Antonio Rodríguez Medero (1712 - April 10, 1760) was the mayor of San Antonio, Texas in 1741. He was one of the

title: History of San Antonio

text: able to divert and control water from the San Antonio River, in order to grow crops and to supply water to the people in the area. This particular acequia was the beginning of a much wider acequia system. Acequia Madre de Valero ran from the area currently known as Brackenridge Park and southward to what is now Hemisfair Plaza and South Alamo Street. Part of it that is not viewable by the public runs beneath the Menger Hotel. The acequia was restored in 1968 and that year was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark. Fray Antonio de Olivares was aided

title: Rancho San Antonio de Padua

text: Rancho San Antonio were filed with the Public Land Commission. Six claims were filed - two of which were patented. A claim was filed by the Mesa heirs (Encarnación Mesa et al.) with the Land Commission in 1852, and the grant patented at in 1866. A claim was filed by William A. Dana, Henry F. Dana, and James W. Weeks et al. with the Land Commission in 1853, and the grant patented at in 1857. A claim for filed by Henry C. Curtis with the Land Commission in 1853 was rejected. A claim for filed by William A. Dana and

title: Anton Wulff House

text: the Wulff home. In honor of the property's original owner, an adjacent lot is named the Pedro Huizar Garden. Anton Friedrich Wulff (1822–1894) was a native of Hamburg, Germany, who immigrated to Texas in 1848. In 1852, he married San Antonio resident María Guadalupe Olivarri, whose ancestors were among the first Canary Islanders to arrive in the area in 1731. Wulff became a United States citizen in 1854. He clerked in retail stores briefly in San Antonio before opening his first dry-goods store in Fredericksburg. He expanded his business into Coke County, and into the border towns of Laredo and

title: History of San Antonio

text: it was the feast day of Saint Anthony of Padua, Italy, they named the place and river "San Antonio" in his honor. In 1709, the expedition headed by Pedro de Aguirre, together with Fray Antonio de Olivares and Fray Isidro de Espinosa was undertaken which consisted of exploration of the territory where the present city of San Antonio is located and extended to the Colorado River. The same year he traveled to Spain to convince the authorities to establish and maintain new missions on the bank of the San Antonio River at the present-day city of San Antonio. In 1716,

title: History of San Antonio

short_answers:
Spanish
varying cultures of indigenous peoples


question: who were the members of the traveling wilburys group

answers: Roy Orbison

answers: Jeff Lynne

answers: George Harrison

answers: Bob Dylan

answers: Tom Petty

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: together again for nine days in May, recording the basic tracks and vocals at Dave Stewart’s home studio in Los Angeles. Overdubs and mixing were carried out in England at Harrison’s home studio, FPSHOT (short for Friar Park Studio, Henley-on-Thames). Masquerading as the Wilbury brothers, the participants would be known as Nelson (Harrison), Otis (Lynne), Lucky (Dylan), Lefty (Orbison), and Charlie T. Jr. (Petty) Wilbury, with drummer Jim Keltner credited as Buster Sidebury. Harrison was no stranger to the use of alternate identities, as he had adopted them with "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" and with his plethora of

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: tour never came about. Petty said about the Wilburys touring: In the Rolling Stone Press book "The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll", the Traveling Wilburys are described as "the ultimate supergroup", with a line-up that represented four eras of rock music history and included "three indisputable gods" in Dylan, Harrison and Orbison. The editors also recognise the band as "the antithesis of a supergroup", however, due to the musicians' adoption of fraternal alter egos and the humour inherent in the project. AllMusic managing editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine has similarly written: "It's impossible to picture a supergroup with

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: a limited edition fine-bound book titled "The Traveling Wilburys". Compiled by Olivia Harrison, the book includes rare photographs, recording notes, handwritten lyrics, sketches, and first-hand commentary on the band's history, together with a foreword by Lynne. Petty, Lynne, Olivia Harrison, Barbara Orbison, Keltner and Idle were among those who attended the US launch at a Beverly Hills bookshop in March 2010. In an interview to publicise the book, Lynne expressed his sadness at the deaths of Harrison and Orbison, and reflected: "The Wilburys was such a wonderful band, such a marvellous thing to be part of. They were the best

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: you and talk to you like we would anybody else." Dylan replied: "Well, great. Believe it or not, I'm in awe of you guys, and it's the same for me." While most of the songs had a primary composer, all of the band members were creative equals. Petty later described Harrison as the Wilburys' "leader and manager", and credited him with being a bandleader and producer that had a natural instinct for bringing out the best in people and keeping a recording session productive. As the group's producers, Harrison and Lynne directed the sessions, with Harrison often auditioning each member

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: group. The friendship continued in Los Angeles later that year. There, Harrison struck up a musical rapport with Petty based on their shared love of 1950s rock 'n' roll, and Lynne began collaborating with Petty on what became the latter's debut solo album, "Full Moon Fever", and writing songs with Orbison, Lynne's longtime musical hero, for Orbison's comeback album, "Mystery Girl". According to Petty, Harrison's dream for the Wilburys was to handpick the participants and create "the perfect little band", but the criteria for inclusion were governed most by "who you could hang out with". The five musicians also bonded

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: pseudonyms as a session musician, including L'Angelo Misterioso, George O'Hara and Hari Georgeson. During the Beatles' first tour of Scotland, in 1960, he had used the pseudonym "Carl Harrison", in reference to one of his favourite musicians, Carl Perkins. With the Traveling Wilburys, this concept was taken a step further, since the participants' real names do not appear anywhere on the album, liner notes, or the songwriting credits. With Harrison having the greatest claim to the band, he signed them up to Warner Bros. Records, which distributed his solo recordings, and incorporated their own Wilbury Records label, in addition to

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: peaking at No. 21, and an even bigger hit in Australia (No. 3) and New Zealand (No. 4), though it stalled at No. 45 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. Most critics said the group's modest ambitions were fresh and relaxing. During 1989 and 1990 the album won many accolades, including a Grammy for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group. The album was also nominated for Album of the Year. In his book "The Encyclopedia of Popular Music", Colin Larkin describes the Traveling Wilburys as "the last of the great supergroups" and writes of the band's accidental origins:

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: Harrison presented the recording to Mo Ostin and Lenny Waronker of Warner Bros., the executives insisted that the song was too good to be used as a B-side. In Petty's recollection, Harrison and Lynne then decided to realise their idea of forming a Wilburys band, and first invited him to join before phoning Dylan, who also agreed to join. That night, Harrison, Lynne and Petty drove to Anaheim to see Orbison perform at the Celebrity Theatre and recruited him for the group shortly before he went on stage. In Petty's description, Orbison performed an "unbelievable show", during which "we'd punch

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: and mutual admiration among five established artists. Author Simon Leng recognises the venture as primarily a channel through which Harrison and Dylan could escape the restrictions of their serious media images, but also, in its guise as a "phantom band", a development by Harrison of the Rutles' satirical approach to the Beatles' legacy, in this case by "de-mythologizing" rock history. Inspired by the Traveling Wilburys' success and particularly its benefit to Petty and Orbison as artists, Lenny Waronker encouraged American guitarist Ry Cooder to form the band Little Village and record for Warner Bros. The group, comprising Cooder, Keltner, John

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: interests of maintaining the group identity. Over the months following the end of recording in the summer, contractual issues had been successfully negotiated between Warner's and the record companies representing Dylan, Petty, Lynne and Orbison. As was the case in 1971 when EMI prepared Harrison's multi-artist live album from the Concert for Bangladesh for release, Columbia, Dylan's label, presented the main stumbling block. In the album credits, the "Wilburys" joke was extended further, with the band members listed under various pseudonyms and pretending to be half-brothers – sons of a fictional Charles Truscott Wilbury, Sr. During promotion for the album,

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: the band released a second album, which they titled "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3", in 1990. The project's work received much anticipation given the diverse nature of the singer-songwriters. The band members adopted tongue-in-cheek pseudonyms as half-brothers from a fictional Wilbury family of travelling musicians. "Vol. 1" was a critical and commercial success, helping to revitalise Dylan and Petty's respective careers. In 1990, the album won the Grammy for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group. Although Harrison envisaged a series of Wilburys albums and a film about the band, produced through his company HandMade, the group's final release was

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: later said: "We'd become this unit, we were all good pals … We always knew we were going to do another one, and now it's just the four of us." Harrison was the most active in promoting the Wilburys, carrying out interviews well into 1989. He said he was "wait[ing] for all the other Wilburys to finish being solo artists" so that they could renew the collaboration. By contrast, according to author Clinton Heylin, Dylan appeared to give the band little attention as he focused on re-establishing himself as a live performer before recording his 1989 album "Oh Mercy". In

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: producing the sessions with Lynne that spring. Petty subsequently signed to Warner Bros. himself as a solo artist, and one of the company's subsidiaries, Reprise Records, released Lynne's solo album "Armchair Theatre" in 1990. According to statements by Harrison in the documentary "The True History of the Traveling Wilburys" (filmed in 1988 about the making of the album and re-released on the bonus DVD included in "The Traveling Wilburys Collection"), the whole band gave various contributions to all songs, although each song was mainly written by a single member; the joint songwriting credit came from the fact that giving individualized

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: credits looked egotistical. Lynne commented that the songwriting process was relaxed and enjoyable: We would arrive about twelve or one o'clock and have some coffee. Somebody would say, 'What about this?' and start on a riff. Then we'd all join in, and it'd turn into something. We'd finish around midnight and just sit for a bit while Roy would tell us fabulous stories about Sun Records or hanging out with Elvis. Then we'd come back the next day to work on another one. That's why the songs are so good and fresh—because they haven't been second-guessed and dissected and replaced.

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: The Traveling Wilburys (sometimes shortened to the Wilburys) were a British-American supergroup consisting of Bob Dylan, George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, and Tom Petty.  The band recorded two albums, the first in 1988 and the second in 1990, though Orbison died before the second was recorded.

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: home the following day, Harrison, Lynne, Orbison and Petty worked on a song that Harrison had started writing for the occasion, "Handle with Care". At first, Dylan's role was that of a host, maintaining a barbecue to feed the musicians; at Harrison's invitation, Dylan then joined them in writing lyrics for the song. The ensemble taped the track on Dylan's Ampex recording equipment, with all five sharing the vocals. "Handle with Care" was considered too good to be used as a B-side, so Harrison decided to form a band and record another nine songs for an album. The group got

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3

text: to 50's and 60's rock roots, drawing on blues, doo-wop, rockabilly and Buddy Holly. But their second album is faster, jokier, lighter and meaner than the first." "Rolling Stone" described the blending of the four participants' musical styles as "seemingly effortless", and said that the album showed they continued to enjoy their collaboration. In the years following "Vol. 3", there was speculation about further Wilbury releases. Since Harrison was viewed as the de facto leader of the group, his death in November 2001 ended the possibility of any future projects. When Harrison’s distribution deal with Warner Bros. expired in 1995,

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: in Los Angeles and completed on 28 February 1991. According to Jim Keltner, the decision on the group's future after "Vol. 3" lay with Harrison. Keltner said that from his conversations with Lynne, Petty and Dylan, they were all keen to reunite, whereas Harrison wavered in his enthusiasm. While Harrison was against the idea of touring, Petty recalled: "I kept getting down on my knees in front of George, saying, 'Please, it's so much money!" After his 1991 tour of Japan – his first series of concerts since 1974 – Harrison spoke of a possible Traveling Wilburys tour: The Wilburys

title: Heading for the Light

text: soaked to the skin with Jim Horn's saxophone playing". "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1" was released on 18 October 1988. Although the Wilburys were viewed as being mainly Harrison's project, all the participants were keen to maintain a collaborative identity. Rather than use his Dark Horse record label, they released the album on a new Warner's imprint, Wilbury Records. "Heading for the Light" was sequenced as the second track on side two of the LP and cassette, between "Congratulations", which was written mainly by Dylan, and "Margarita", a full group collaboration. In his commentary on the album, Orbison biographer Ellis Amburn

title: Handle with Care (song)

text: was too good to be used as "filler" on a European single. He recalled that they thought the song would be wasted since it would not benefit "Cloud Nine"s sales. In Petty's recollection, Harrison and Lynne then decided to realise their idea of forming the Traveling Wilburys,<ref name="Zimmer/BAM"> Available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).</ref> a band they had imagined during the sessions for "Cloud Nine". On Harrison's next visit to Los Angeles, from 8 May onwards, he, Lynne, Dylan, Orbison and Petty began recording the album "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1". The recordings were completed by Harrison and Lynne, the Wilburys'

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: It's so tempting to add stuff to a song when you've got unlimited time. However, the publishing credits on the "Collection" book are more revealing about the actual songwriters, as each of the credited publishers belongs to a single member: The separation was not repeated for the publishing credits of "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3", which show all songs as being published by all four publishers. Released on October 18, 1988, "Volume One" became a surprise commercial success, reaching No. 3 in the US and selling two million copies there within six months. The album also reached No. 16 in the

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: a stronger pedigree than that (all that's missing is a Rolling Stone), but in another sense it's hard to call the Wilburys a true supergroup, since they arrived nearly two decades after the all-star craze of the '70s peaked, and they never had the self-important air of nearly all the other supergroups. That, of course, was the key to their charm …"<ref name="Erlewine/AM"></ref> Speaking to music journalist Paul Zollo in 2004, Petty agreed that humour and self-effacement had been key factors in the Wilburys' success, adding: "We wanted to make something good in a world that seemed to get uglier

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: March 1990, Harrison, Lynne, Petty and Dylan reunited to work on a second Wilburys album, which they intentionally misnumbered "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3". It was preceded by a non-album single, a cover of "Nobody's Child", which the band recorded for Olivia Harrison's Romanian Angel Appeal charity project. The duration of the main album sessions was again dictated by Dylan's touring schedule and limited availability. Having asked Dylan to record a lead vocal for all the songs before his departure, Harrison was then loath to replace many of the parts, resulting in a greater prominence for Dylan as a lead singer.

title: Heading for the Light

text: for the light". The Traveling Wilburys recorded the basic track for "Heading for the Light" between 7 and 16 May 1988 at a makeshift studio in David A. Stewart's house in Los Angeles. Taped in the kitchen, the basic tracks for all the songs on the album typically featured the five band members on acoustic rhythm guitars, accompanied by an Oberheim DMX drum machine. Jim Keltner, who adopted the pseudonym "Buster Sidebury" in keeping with the five bandmates' Wilbury personas, then overdubbed drums on the recordings.<ref name="Hurwitz/Mix"></ref> As the group's producers, Harrison and Lynne completed the album during the second

title: George Harrison

text: its original purpose as a B-side and asked for a full album. The LP, "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1", was released in October 1988 and recorded under pseudonyms as half-brothers, supposed sons of Charles Truscott Wilbury, Sr. It reached number 16 in the UK and number 3 in the US, where it was certified triple platinum. Harrison's pseudonym on the album was "Nelson Wilbury"; he used the name "Spike Wilbury" for their second album. In 1989, Harrison and Starr appeared in the music video for Petty's song "I Won't Back Down". In October that year, Harrison assembled and released "Best of

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: people I could ever wish to work with. Every day was like, 'Wow!' ... it was fun from day one."<ref name="Heathcote/Express"></ref> Jim Keltner, the session drummer and percussionist, was not listed as a Wilbury on either album. However, he is seen in all of the group's music videos, and on the DVD released in 2007, he is given the nickname "Buster Sidebury". Overdubs to the bonus tracks "Maxine" and "Like a Ship" also credited as "Ayrton Wilbury", a pseudonym for Dhani Harrison. The name Ayrton was used in honour of F1 racer Ayrton Senna. Jim Horn played saxophone on both

title: George Harrison

text: Dark Horse 1976–1989", a compilation of his later solo work. The album included three new songs, including "Cheer Down", which Harrison had recently contributed to the "Lethal Weapon 2" film soundtrack. Following Orbison's death in December 1988, the Wilburys recorded as a four-piece. Their second album, issued in October 1990, was mischievously titled "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3". According to Lynne, "That was George's idea. He said, 'Let's confuse the buggers.'" It peaked at number 14 in the UK and number 11 in the US, where it was certified platinum. The Wilburys never performed live, and the group did not record

title: Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1

text: UK. With over 50 weeks on the US charts, "The Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1" was later certified triple-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. While Harrison and Petty had recent successes, Dylan, Orbison (who died of a sudden heart attack on December 6, 1988) and Lynne had not seen an album climb that high in several years. At the time, no Dylan album had ever achieved two million in sales. As one critic put it, it was "one of the great commercial coups of the decade". The single "Handle with Care" was a significant hit in the UK charts,

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: each other and go, 'He's in our band, too.' ... We were all so excited."<ref name="Zimmer/BAM"> Available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).</ref> The band members decided to create a full album together, "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1". Video footage of the creative process was later edited by Harrison into a promotional film for Warner Bros. staff, titled "Whatever Wilbury Wilbury". The album was recorded primarily over a ten-day period in May 1988, to allow for Dylan's limited availability as he prepared for the start of what became known as his Never Ending Tour and for Orbison's tour schedule. These sessions were

title: Traveling Wilburys

text: of Popular Music", Colin Larkin cites the Wilburys' contemporary skiffle as evidence of Lonnie Donegan's continued influence on popular music long after the early 1960s. In his book "Lonnie Donegan and the Birth of British Rock & Roll", Patrick Humphries describes the Wilburys as "a makeshift quintet whose roots were firmly and joyously planted in low-key, low-tech skiffle music". He credits the band with inspiring a brief revival of Donegan's "DIY skiffle", which included Knopfler's Notting Hillbillies. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the two Traveling Wilburys albums had limited availability and were out of print in most areas.

title: Traveling Wilburys

short_answers:
Bob Dylan
George Harrison
Jeff Lynne
Roy Orbison
Tom Petty