question: when does the 14th season of grey's anatomy come out

answers: September 28, 2017

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 15)

text: Grey's Anatomy (season 15) The fifteenth season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" was ordered on April 20, 2018, by American Broadcasting Company (ABC). The season premiered on September 27, 2018 with a special 2-hour premiere. The episode count for the season will be 24 episodes. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Krista Vernoff and William Harper. This season is the first not to feature both Jessica Capshaw as Dr. Arizona Robbins and Sarah Drew as Dr. April Kepner since their introductions in

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: who watched the episodes live. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Grey's Anatomy (season 13) The thirteenth season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" premiered on September 22, 2016, in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and consisted of 24 episodes. The season was ordered on March 3, 2016, along with ABC's other shows. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being William Harper and Stacy McKee. This season was the first not to feature Sara Ramirez as Dr. Callie Torres since her introduction in the second

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: Grey's Anatomy (season 13) The thirteenth season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" premiered on September 22, 2016, in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and consisted of 24 episodes. The season was ordered on March 3, 2016, along with ABC's other shows. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being William Harper and Stacy McKee. This season was the first not to feature Sara Ramirez as Dr. Callie Torres since her introduction in the second season, following her departure at the

title: Grey's Anatomy

text: The cast has undergone major changes through the series' run, with many members leaving and being replaced by others. In its fifteenth season, the show has a large ensemble of eleven actors, including four characters from the original cast (Meredith Grey, Alex Karev, Miranda Bailey, and Richard Webber). "Grey's Anatomy" was renewed for a fifteenth season, which premiered on September 27, 2018. The series' success catapulted such long-running cast members as Pompeo, Dempsey, and Oh to worldwide recognition; they were among the top five highest-earning television actors in 2013. While the show's ratings have fallen over the course of its

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 12)

text: a Life", meaning he will not return for the twelfth season as previously thought. ABC put out a statement claiming Dempsey wanted to pursue other interests. On May 2, 2014, the rest of the six original cast mates, Justin Chambers, Chandra Wilson and James Pickens Jr., excluding Sandra Oh, renewed their contracts for another two seasons (11 and 12) as Drs. Alex Karev, Miranda Bailey, and Richard Webber, respectively. Sara Ramirez also renewed her contract for another two seasons as Dr. Callie Torres, which will run out after the twelfth season. However, it was later announced on May 20, 2016

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 15)

text: new love interest. On December 13, 2018, it was announced that Jennifer Grey had been cast in a mysterious role for a multi episode mid-season arc. The number in the "No. overall" column refers to the episode's number within the overall series, whereas the number in the "No. in season" column refers to the episode's number within this particular season. "U.S. viewers in millions" refers to the number of Americans in millions who watched the episodes live. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Grey's Anatomy (season 15) The fifteenth season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" was ordered on April 20, 2018, by

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: Away with Murder", which was the same last year. The remaining 15 episodes will air after the winter break beginning airing on January 26, 2017. In an interview with "TV Guide", Kelly McCreary said that the 13th season would be focusing heavily on the characters that have been on the show since the first season; Dr. Meredith Grey, Dr. Alex Karev, Dr. Miranda Bailey and Dr. Richard Webber. McCreary went more into the storyline as she commented that "After such a long period of time and so many new people coming in and out, they remain the foundational characters of

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: Room Where It Happens". It was reported that Tessa Ferrer would be reprising her role as Dr. Leah Murphy in a recurring role for the 13th season. On October 17, 2016 ABC confirmed that Marika Dominczyk had been cast in a guest stint as Eliza Minnick. On January 31, 2017, it was announced that Jerrika Hinton would be departing the series regular cast this season. "Grey's Anatomy" was renewed for a 13th season by ABC on March 3, 2016. "TVLine" announced that the 13th season will begin airing on September 22, 2016. Production began on May 25, 2016, when Rhimes

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 12)

text: Grey's Anatomy (season 12) The twelfth season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" was ordered on May 7, 2015, by ABC. It premiered on September 24, 2015, in the United States on ABC. The twelfth season includes the show's 250th episode, Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, which is the fifth episode in the season. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Stacy McKee and William Harper. The season commenced airing with the episode "Sledgehammer" and concluded with "Family Affair". This season was the first

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: announced on Twitter that the writers were in full swing mapping the 13th season. Production began on July 21, 2016, with prepping for the season officially starting on July 28, 2016. The table read for the premiere was on July 22, 2016. Filming for the season began on August 1, 2016, with Shonda Rhimes tweeting that the crew were filming the 270th episode of the series, the season premiere. A promotional poster for the season was released on August 2, 2016, portraying Dr. Meredith Grey in Seattle, for which the series is located. The poster started speculation of its meaning

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 15)

text: recurring role for Season 15, being revealed that he would play the role of a new orthopedic surgeon at the hospital. On August 13, 2018, it was announced that Jeff Perry would be returning as Thatcher Grey, Meredith's father, for the first time since his last appearance in the seventh season. On September 6, 2018, it was announced that Alex Landi had been cast in a recurring role as Dr. Nico Kim, who will be the first gay male surgeon to appear on the show. On October 10, 2018, it was announced that Josh Radnor had been cast as Meredith's

title: Grey's Anatomy

text: May 19, 2016. The thirteenth season to aired from 2016 to 2017. On February 21, 2007, "The Wall Street Journal" reported that ABC was pursuing a spin-off medical drama television series for "Grey's Anatomy" featuring Walsh's character, Addison Montgomery. Subsequent reports confirmed the decision, stating that an expanded two-hour broadcast of "Grey's Anatomy" would serve as a backdoor pilot for the proposed spin-off. The cast of "Grey's Anatomy" was reportedly unhappy about the decision, as all hoped the spin-off would have been given to them. Pompeo commented that she felt, as the star, she should have been consulted, and Heigl

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: Dr. Callie Torres. On June 28, 2015, before the twelfth season had begun airing, it was announced that Jessica Capshaw, whose contract expired after season 11, had renewed her contract for another three seasons as Dr. Arizona Robbins. That meant that her character would be staying on the show through season 13 and season 14. Kevin McKidd had previously said that he was in negotiations to renew his contract after the twelfth season on January 9, 2016. After the season finale, McKidd confirmed that he would be back for the 13th season. Justin Chambers announced on March 11, 2016 that

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 14)

text: in the ninth season, following her departure at the conclusion of the previous season. The season marks the last appearance of Martin Henderson, Jason George, Jessica Capshaw, and Sarah Drew as series regulars, as well as the first appearance of Jaina Lee Ortiz as Andy Herrera, the lead character of "Grey's Anatomy"'s second spin-off series, "Station 19". On April 20, 2018, ABC officially renewed "Grey's Anatomy" for a network primetime drama record-tying fifteenth season. The season follows the story of surgical residents, fellows, and attendings as they experience the difficulties of the competitive careers they have chosen. It is set

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 14)

text: The fourteenth season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy was ordered on February 10, 2017, by American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and premiered on September 28, 2017 with a special two-hour premiere.  The season will consist of 24 episodes, with the season's seventh episode marking the 300th episode for the series overall. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 11)

text: instead of the 12 and 12, there will be eight episodes in the fall which will end with a winter finale on November 20, 2014 like the rest of ABC's primetime lineup "TGIT" "Scandal" and "How To Get Away with Murder". The remaining 16 episodes will air after the winter break, beginning on January 29, 2015. Not even a week after the Season 10 finale episode aired, the "Grey's Anatomy" team of writers began collaborating on ideas for Season 11 storylines. Shonda Rhimes tweeted that they were hard at work in the writing room, but would have the month of

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 10)

text: Grey's Anatomy (season 10) The tenth season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" premiered on September 26, 2013, with a two-hour special episode in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and it concluded with a "Farewell to Cristina" finale episode "Fear (of the Unknown)" on May 15, 2014. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of "Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Tenth Season – Live For

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: conclusion of the previous season. On February 10, 2017, ABC renewed "Grey's Anatomy" for a fourteenth season. The season follows the story of surgical residents, fellows, and attendings as they experience the difficulties of the competitive careers they have chosen. It is set in the surgical wing of the fictional Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital, located in Seattle, Washington. The season picks up right where it left off at Owen and Amelia's wedding. After Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) had found a drunk Jo Wilson (Camilla Luddington) with Andrew DeLuca (Giacomo Gianniotti) in a compromising situation during the previous season's finale, he

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 8)

text: Grey's Anatomy (season 8) The eighth season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, commenced airing on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 22, 2011, with a special two-hour episode and ended on May 17, 2012 with the eighth season having a total of 24 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company, and overseen by showrunner Shonda Rhimes. This season follows the story-line of Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) and Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) as they try to save their marriage and adopt Zola after Meredith tampered

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 7)

text: Grey's Anatomy (season 7) The seventh season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing on September 23, 2010 on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and concluded on May 19, 2011 ending the season with a total of 22 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season follows the aftermath of season six shooting, in which Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) and Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) are shot, and a total of 11 people died. Cristina Yang

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 10)

text: options picked up for Season 11, meaning that Season 10 would be their last season as regulars on the show. On January 23, 2014, it was announced that Ellen Pompeo and Patrick Dempsey had renewed their contracts for another two seasons, as Meredith Grey and Derek Shepherd respectively, meaning their characters will be staying on the medical drama for seasons 11 and 12. On May 2, 2014, it was announced that the rest of the six original castmates, Justin Chambers, Chandra Wilson, and James Pickens Jr., excluding Sandra Oh, had renewed their contracts for another two seasons (11 and 12).

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 1)

text: on April 26, 2006, almost three months after its original release in the United States, whereas its release date in Region 4 was October 11, 2006. The UK set contained the original fourteen episodes, being released as a three-disc boxset. The season has not been released on Blu-ray disc in any region. The DVD box set is currently no. 899 in Movies and TV on Amazon.com and no. 3452 in Film and TV on Amazon.co.uk. Grey's Anatomy (season 1) The first season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting

title: Grey's Anatomy

text: on September 2, 2014 with new several bonus features and deleted scenes. The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Tenth Season – Live For The Moments on September 2, 2014. In view of the departure of the character of Cristina Yang in the season finale, the DVD set featured an extended episode "Do You Know?" and a special feature from Sandra Oh titled "An Immeasurable Gift". The eleventh released on DVD as a six-disc box set on August 18, 2015 with interviews with new series regular Caterina Scorsone

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 9)

text: on August 27, 2013 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. The season follows the characters dealing with the aftermath of the season eight plane crash that claimed the life of Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) and upon rescue Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), who dies after sustaining injuries from the crash. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) finds his surgical career in doubt after badly damaging his hand but Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) ultimately manages to save his hand. The show's protagonist Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) deals with the loss of her half-sister Lexie and later discovers that she is pregnant. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh)

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: after previously renewing them at the end of the tenth season of "Grey's Anatomy". Ellen Pompeo and Patrick Dempsey renewed their contracts for another two seasons (seasons 11 and 12) on January 23, 2014, but Dempsey later left the series at the end of the eleventh season. The rest of the six original cast mates, Justin Chambers, Chandra Wilson and James Pickens Jr., excluding Sandra Oh, renewed their contracts on May 26, 2014, as Drs. Alex Karev, Miranda Bailey, and Richard Webber, respectively, for the eleventh and twelfth season. Sara Ramirez also renewed her contract for another two seasons as

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 11)

text: Grey's Anatomy (season 11) The eleventh season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Stacy McKee and William Harper. The season commenced airing with the episode "I Must Have Lost it on the Wind" and concluded with the season finale "You're My Home" airing on May 14, 2015. The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 13)

text: he had renewed his contract and will be playing Dr. Alex Karev in the 13th season. "The Hollywood Reporter" reported on May 4, 2016, that the original cast were all negotiating new contracts. After the finale, Pompeo said that she would be returning in the next season, which was officially confirmed by "Deadline" on June 1, 2016. Series-veteran Sara Ramirez announced after the finale that she would not be returning for season 13 as Dr. Callie Torres, after the character left for New York to be with her girlfriend Dr. Penny Blake. Thus, this will be the first season since

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 9)

text: reported in January 2013. It was announced by "E! Online" on March 29, "One Tree Hill" alumni Hilarie Burton will be cast in a recurring role as a specialist in an investigation going on in the hospital. Her character is to arrive on the 22nd episode of the season. However, this later turned out to be untrue as Hilarie Burton ended up portraying a specialist doctor named Lauren Boswell. "Grey's Anatomy" was renewed by ABC on May 10, 2012. In June 2012, ABC set the premiere date of "Grey's Anatomy" to September 27, 2012, and it would remain in the

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 12)

text: 2016, that Wilmer Valderrama was cast as Kyle Diaz, a recurring role which he will play in a multi-episode arc. On May 7, 2015, ABC renewed "Grey's Anatomy" for a twelfth season for the 2015-16 television season. ABC president Paul Lee confirmed that the twelfth season would not be the final season, as he said "I would like to see it run for many, many years to come. It is powerful, vibrant brand with incredibly passionate audiences" Debbie Allen was promoted to executive producer for the twelfth season, and directed multiple episodes for the season while still recurring on camera

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 11)

text: 2014 that Gaius Charles and Tessa Ferrer did not receive a contract renewal for the eleventh season, and left at the end of the tenth season. Jerrika Hinton and Camilla Luddington however, returned as residents for the eleventh season. On January 23, 2014 it was reported that Ellen Pompeo and Patrick Dempsey had renewed their contracts for another two seasons, as Drs. Meredith Grey and Derek Shepherd, respectively, meaning their characters would be staying on the medical drama for seasons 11 and 12. On May 2, 2014, the rest of the six original cast mates, Justin Chambers, Chandra Wilson and

title: Grey's Anatomy (season 14)


question: when was the first hunger games book published

answers: September 14, 2008

answers: 2008

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: and has sold over 17.5 million copies. The novel is the first in "The Hunger Games" trilogy; it is followed by sequels "Catching Fire" (2009) and "Mockingjay" (2010). In March 2012, during the time of "The Hunger Games" film's release, Scholastic reported 26 million "Hunger Games" trilogy books in print, including movie tie-in books. "The Hunger Games" (and its sequels) have sold exceptionally well in ebook format. Suzanne Collins is the first children's or young adult author to sell over one million Amazon Kindle ebooks, making her the sixth author to join the "Kindle Million Club". In March 2012, Amazon

title: Suzanne Collins

text: "Hunger Games" books were printed in North America alone. "The Hunger Games" was on "The New York Times" Best Seller list for more than 60 weeks in a row. Lions Gate Entertainment acquired worldwide distribution rights to a film adaptation of "The Hunger Games", produced by Nina Jacobson's Color Force production company. Collins adapted the novel for film herself. Directed by Gary Ross, filming began in late spring 2011, with Jennifer Lawrence portraying main character Katniss Everdeen. Josh Hutcherson played Peeta Mellark and Liam Hemsworth played Gale Hawthorne. The subsequent two novels were adapted into films as well, with the

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: had sold 800,000 copies by February 2010. Since its release, "The Hunger Games" has been translated into 26 languages, and publishing rights have been sold in 38 territories. The novel is the first in "The Hunger Games" trilogy, followed by "Catching Fire" (2009) and "Mockingjay" (2010). A film adaptation, directed by Gary Ross and co-written and co-produced by Collins herself, was released in 2012. Collins has said that the inspiration for "The Hunger Games" came from channel surfing on television. On one channel she observed people competing on a reality show and on another she saw footage of the invasion

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: Twenty-year-old actress Jennifer Lawrence was chosen to play Katniss Everdeen. Though Lawrence was four years older than the character when filming began, Collins felt the role demanded "a certain maturity and power" and said she would rather the actress be older than younger. She added that Lawrence was the "only one who truly captured the character I wrote in the book" and that she had "every essential quality necessary to play Katniss." Lawrence, a fan of the books, took three days to accept the role, initially intimidated by the size of the production. Josh Hutcherson and Liam Hemsworth were later

title: The Hunger Games

text: By the time the film adaptation of "The Hunger Games" was released in 2012, the publisher had reported over 26 million "Hunger Games" trilogy books in print, including movie tie-in books. "The Hunger Games" universe is a dystopia set in Panem, a country consisting of the wealthy Capitol and 12 districts in varying states of poverty. Every year, children from the districts are selected to participate in a compulsory televised battle royale death match called The Hunger Games. The novels were all well received. In August 2012, the series ranked second, exceeded only by the "Harry Potter" series in NPR's

title: The Hunger Games

text: in the finale are inconsistent with her established character. Lionsgate Entertainment acquired worldwide distribution rights to a film adaptation of "The Hunger Games", produced by Nina Jacobson's Color Force production company. Collins adapted the novel for film herself, along with director Gary Ross. The cast included Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss, Josh Hutcherson as Peeta, and Liam Hemsworth as Gale. The first film began production in Spring 2011, and was released in March 2012. For "", Ross was replaced as director by Francis Lawrence; the film was released in November 2013. Lawrence then directed "Mockingjay", parts 1 and 2, released in

title: The Hunger Pains

text: number 9 on the New York Times Bestseller List. The Hunger Pains The Hunger Pains is a 2012 New York Times bestselling novel by "The Harvard Lampoon" and a parody of Suzanne Collins's "The Hunger Games". It was first published on February 7, 2012 through Touchstone Books, and a cinematic book trailer was released in March of the same year. On the morning of Super Fun Day, Kantkiss Neverclean and her hunting partner Carol Handsomestein hunt a cow from beyond the fence before they participate in the selection ceremony. In District 12 this is the "nose game", in which whoever

title: The Hunger Games

text: poll of the top 100 teen novels, which asked voters to choose their favorite young adult books. On August 17, 2012, Amazon announced "The Hunger Games" trilogy as its top seller, surpassing the record previously held by the "Harry Potter" series. , the trilogy has sold more than 65 million copies in the U.S. alone (more than 28 million copies of "The Hunger Games", more than 19 million copies of "Catching Fire", and more than 18 million copies of "Mockingjay"). "The Hunger Games" trilogy has been sold into 56 territories in 51 languages to date. "The Hunger Games" trilogy takes

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: of $88,000,000 – one of its largest ever – for the film. Collins' agent Jason Dravis remarked that "they [Lionsgate] had everyone but the valet call us" to help secure the franchise. Intending the film to have a PG-13 rating, Collins adapted the novel for film herself, in collaboration with screenwriter Billy Ray and director Gary Ross. The screenplay remains extremely faithful to the original novel, with Ross saying he "felt the only way to make the film really successful was to be totally subjective" in its presentation of events, echoing Collins' use of first person present in the novel.

title: Gary Ross

text: Laura Hillenbrand. The film earned seven Academy Award nominations. Ross took on the high-profile project of co-adapting and directing the film adaptation of the first book in Suzanne Collins' "Hunger Games" trilogy. The film was released on March 23, 2012, and earned $672.8 million worldwide. Although the movie was financially and critically successful, Ross opted to not adapt or direct the sequels, citing the rushed production schedule as his main reason. Ross also wrote and produced the animated feature "The Tale of Despereaux", based on the Newbery Medal-winning children's book by Kate DiCamillo. His first book, "Bartholomew Biddle and the

title: Mockingjay

text: critics. The novel was adapted into two films. The was released on November 21, 2014, while the was released on November 20, 2015. Collins has said that the main inspiration for "The Hunger Games" trilogy came from the classical account of Theseus and the Minotaur. In Greek mythology, as a punishment for the killing of King Minos's son Androgeos, Athens was forced to sacrifice seven youths and seven maidens to Crete, who were then put in the Labyrinth and killed by the Minotaur. After a while, Theseus, the son of the Athenian king, decided to put an end to the

title: The Hunger Pains

text: The Hunger Pains The Hunger Pains is a 2012 New York Times bestselling novel by "The Harvard Lampoon" and a parody of Suzanne Collins's "The Hunger Games". It was first published on February 7, 2012 through Touchstone Books, and a cinematic book trailer was released in March of the same year. On the morning of Super Fun Day, Kantkiss Neverclean and her hunting partner Carol Handsomestein hunt a cow from beyond the fence before they participate in the selection ceremony. In District 12 this is the "nose game", in which whoever touches their fingers to their noses last becomes tributes.

title: The Hunger Games (film series)

text: confirmed that Francis Lawrence would direct the sequel instead, and on November 1, 2012, it was confirmed that he would return and direct the final two films in the series, based on the novel "Mockingjay". Suzanne Collins began adapting the first book to film after she finished writing "Mockingjay". Collins had experience in writing screenplays after writing "Clifford's Puppy Days" and other children's television shows. When Gary Ross was announced as director for the film in 2010, he began to work with Collins and veteran writer Billy Ray to bring the novel to life. After Francis Lawrence took over as

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: 2011, the book won the California Young Reader Medal. In the 2012 edition of Scholastic's "Parent and Child" magazine, "The Hunger Games" was listed as the 33rd-best book for children, with the award for "Most Exciting Ending". The novel is one of the top 5 best selling Kindle books of all time. However, the novel has also been controversial with parents; it ranked in fifth place on the American Library Association's list of frequently challenged books for 2010, with "unsuited to age group" and "violence" being among the reasons cited. Similarities of "The Hunger Games" to Koushun Takami's 1999 novel

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: The Hunger Games is a 2008 dystopian novel by the American writer Suzanne Collins.  It is written in the voice of 16-year-old Katniss Everdeen, who lives in the future, post-apocalyptic nation of Panem in North America. The Capitol, a highly advanced metropolis, exercises political control over the rest of the nation. The Hunger Games is an annual event in which one boy and one girl aged 12–18 from each of the twelve districts surrounding the Capitol are selected by lottery to compete in a televised battle to the death.

title: Ernie Lindsey

text: new direction for his work, frustrated by the slow sales of his previous novels. Observing the success of the "Hunger Games" franchise, he jokingly told his wife that he should write a novel with "game" in the title; this became the genesis of his novel "Sara's Game", the story of a woman whose husband and child disappear at the hands of a mysterious, taunting nemesis. "Sara's Game" became his most successful novel to date, appearing on the "USA Today" bestseller list and reaching #2 on the Amazon Kindle chart. In February 2013, the novel was offered as the Amazon "Daily

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: the 74th Hunger Games. Although she receives a hero's welcome, Katniss is warned by Haymitch that she has now become a target after defying the Capitol so publicly. Afterward, Peeta is heartbroken when he learns that her actions in the arena were part of a calculated ploy to gain sympathy from the audience. However, Katniss is unsure of her own feelings. In an interview with Collins, it was noted that the novel "tackles issues like severe poverty, starvation, oppression, and the effects of war among others." The novel deals with the struggle for self-preservation that the people of Panem face

title: The Hunger Games (film series)

text: Louis Phillips, Bryan Unkeless, and Aldric La'auli Porter. Color Force and Lionsgate collaborated on all four films. It was announced on November 1, 2012 that the studio had decided to split the final book, "Mockingjay" (2010), into two films: "" (2014) and "" (2015), much like "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1" (2010) and "2" (2011), and "" (2011) and "" (2012). Gary Ross directed the first film ("The Hunger Games"), and despite initially stating otherwise on April 10, 2012, Lionsgate announced that Ross would not return to direct the sequel. On April 19, 2012, it was

title: The Hunger Games (film series)

text: The Hunger Games (film series) The Hunger Games film series consists of four science fiction dystopian adventure films based on "The Hunger Games" trilogy of novels, by the American author Suzanne Collins. Distributed by Lionsgate and produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik, it stars Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen, Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark, Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne, Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy, Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket, Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman, and Donald Sutherland as President Snow. Gary Ross directed the first film, while Francis Lawrence directed the next three films. The first three films set

title: The Hunger Games (film)

text: users on Twitter posted racist tweets, criticizing the portrayals of Rue, Thresh and Cinna by African American actors. In a 2011 interview with "Entertainment Weekly", Collins stated that while she did not have any ethnic background in mind for lead characters Katniss and Gale because the book is written in "a time period where hundreds of years have passed" and there would be "a lot of ethnic mixing", she explains "there are some characters in the book who are more specifically described", and states that both Rue and Thresh are African American. Lyneka Little of "The Wall Street Journal" states

title: Mockingjay

text: bringing the initial print run up to 1.6 million. Scholastic Trade president Ellie Berger said that sales "have exceeded all expectations". The book has also been released in e-book format and topped sales in the week ending with August 29, 2010, beating out "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo", which had held the top spot since April. The other "Hunger Games" books have also made it in the top ten, with the first book at fifth and the second book taking eighth. , the book has sold over 9 million copies. To promote the release of "Mockingjay", many bookstores held

title: The Hunger Games (film)

text: actress be older than younger. She added that Lawrence was the "only one who truly captured the character I wrote in the book" and that she had "every essential quality necessary to play Katniss". Lawrence, a fan of the books, took three days to accept the role, initially intimidated by the size of the production. Contenders for the role of Peeta other than Hutcherson included Alexander Ludwig (who was later cast as Cato), Hunter Parrish, Lucas Till, and Evan Peters. Other actors considered for the role of Gale included David Henrie, Drew Roy, and Robbie Amell. In April 2011, John

title: The Hunger Games (film)

text: debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Top 200 chart, having sold 175,000 copies in its first week. It is one of just 16 soundtracks to grace the top slot in the history of the Top 200 and the first since "Michael Jackson's This Is It" to debut at #1. Lionsgate originally announced that Danny Elfman and T-Bone Burnett would score "The Hunger Games", with Burnett also acting as the film's executive music producer to produce songs for the soundtrack. Due to scheduling conflicts, Elfman was replaced by James Newton Howard. The score album was released on March 26, 2012.

title: The Hunger Games (film)

text: became the top-selling video of 2012. The entire Hunger Games series was released on 4K UHD Blu-Ray on November 8, 2016. On August 8, 2011, while still shooting the film, Lionsgate announced that a film adaptation of the second novel in "The Hunger Games" trilogy, "", was scheduled to be released on November 22, 2013. In November 2011, Lionsgate entered negotiations with screenwriter Simon Beaufoy to adapt the novel for screen, since the post-production schedule for "The Hunger Games" was too crowded for Ross and Collins to adapt the next film as originally planned. "The Hunger Games: Catching Fire" began

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: "Battle Royale" have been noted. Collins stated that she "had never heard of that book or that author until my book was turned in. At that point, it was mentioned to me, and I asked my editor if I should read it. He said: 'No, I don't want that world in your head. Just continue with what you're doing'." Susan Dominus of "The New York Times" reports that "the parallels are striking enough that Collins's work has been savaged on the blogosphere as a baldfaced ripoff" of "Battle Royale" but argued that "there are enough possible sources for the plot

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: also positive, stating that it "is a chilling, bloody and thoroughly horrifying book" and praising what it called the "hypnotic" quality of the violence. In Stephen King's review for "Entertainment Weekly", he compared it to "shoot-it-if-it-moves videogames in the lobby of the local eightplex; you know it's not real, but you keep plugging in quarters anyway." However, he stated that there were "displays of authorial laziness that kids will accept more readily than adults" and that the love triangle was standard for the genre. He gave the book a B grade. Elizabeth Bird of "School Library Journal" praised the novel,

title: The Hunger Games

text: the rebels. "Mockingjay", the third and final book in "The Hunger Games" series, was released on August 24, 2010. Most of the districts have rebelled against the Capitol, led by District 13 and its President Alma Coin. The Capitol lied about the district being destroyed in the Dark Days. After a Mexican standoff with the Capitol, the District 13 residents took to living underground and rebuilding their strength. The District 12 survivors find shelter with them. Katniss, after seeing first-hand the destruction wrought on her district, agrees to become the "Mockingjay", the symbol of the rebellion. She sets conditions, however.

title: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1

text: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 is a 2014 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Francis Lawrence with a screenplay by Peter Craig and Danny Strong. It is the first of two films based on Suzanne Collins' novel " Mockingjay", the final book in "The Hunger Games" trilogy, and the third installment in "The Hunger Games" film series, produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik and distributed by Lionsgate. The film features an ensemble cast that includes Jennifer Lawrence, Josh Hutcherson, Liam Hemsworth, Woody Harrelson, Elizabeth Banks, Julianne Moore, Philip

title: The Hunger Games (novel)

text: with her doomed growing attraction to one of her fellow Tributes." The Tim O'Brien-designed cover features a gold "mockingjay" – a fictional bird in "The Hunger Games" born by crossbreeding female mockingbirds and genetically engineered male "jabberjays" – with an arrow engraved in a circle. This is a depiction of the pin worn by Katniss into the arena, given to her by the District 12 mayor's daughter, Madge Undersee. The image matches the description of the pin that is given in the novel, except for the arrow: "It's as if someone fashioned a small golden bird and then attached a

title: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay, Part 1 (soundtrack)

text: released worldwide through Republic Records on November 17, 2014. On December 3, 2014, the soundtrack was re-released digitally with "The Hanging Tree" by James Newton Howard featuring Jennifer Lawrence as the 15th song on the album. The song was originally released with the score. "Yellow Flicker Beat" and "The Hanging Tree" are the only songs on the album to be used in the film. Lorde revealed that the process of working on the soundtrack took approximately two to three months while she was touring. She made it a priority to listen to music meant for the record. Her record label

title: The Hunger Games (novel)


question: how much is the united states in debt to china

answers: $1.06 trillion

answers: 1,200.5

title: 2009 National People's Congress

text: $2 trillion of foreign exchange holdings in United States Treasury securities and other U.S. government debt and Wen remarked, "We have lent a huge amount of money to the U.S. Of course we are concerned about the safety of our assets. To be honest, I am definitely a little worried." Wen asked the U.S. to "maintain its good credit, to honor its promises and to guarantee the safety of China’s assets". In particular, Wen was confident that China's economy would continue to grow at a rate of 8% in 2009. Wen played down speculation that the 1.18 trillion Yuan of

title: China–United States relations

text: and the second largest foreign holder of US public debt and has been critical of US deficits and fiscal policy, advising for policies that maintain the purchasing value of the dollar although it had little few options other than to continue to buy United States Treasury bonds. China condemned the US monetary policy of quantitative easing, responding to S&P's downgrade of U.S. credit rating, and advised the United States not to continue with the accumulation of debt, concluding with the statement that America cannot continue to borrow to solve financial problems. Chinese dependency on the US dollar became prevalent after

title: National debt of the United States

text: economic analysts have expressed concerns on account of the People's Republic of China's "extensive" holdings of United States government debt, as part of their reserves. The National Defense Authorization Act of the fiscal year 2012 included a provision requiring the Secretary of Defense to conduct a "national security risk assessment of U.S. federal debt held by China." The Department issued its report in July 2012, stating that "attempting to use U.S. Treasury securities as a coercive tool would have limited effect and likely would do more harm to China than to the United States. As the threat is not credible

title: Jimmy Kimmel Live!

text: discuss the U.S. debt problem: "We owe the Chinese a lot of money, 1.3 trillion dollars." A boy immediately suggested to "kill everyone in China." This comment elicited some laughter from the audience and Kimmel laughed it off and commented, "That's an interesting idea." He later asked, "Should we allow the Chinese to live?" The boy stuck to his answer. The show has drawn fire from offended Asian Americans and Chinese citizens. An online poll showed that 90% of the respondents were angered, saddened or guarded about the show. Overseas Chinese communities and domestic Chinese citizens alike have rallied together

title: China–United States relations

text: the purchase of shares of the United States debt during the Great Recession. Due to this purchase, the two nations share a deeply rooted economic relationship. US depends on China for holding their debt and, in turn, China cannot sell their debt without decreasing the value of the US dollar in which the Chinese depend on for economic development. As result, the two countries depend on each other for further economic development. The economic connection between China and the United states is a powerful factor in reducing conflict between the two nations. Cooperation is essential between China and the US

title: United States federal budget

text: 2011 and an estimated $15.6 trillion for 2012 based on activity during the first two quarters. This means the total debt is roughly the size of GDP. Economists debate the level of debt relative to GDP that signals a "red line" or dangerous level, or if any such level exists. By comparison, China's budget deficit was 1.6% of its $10 trillion GDP in 2010, with a debt to GDP ratio of 16%. The CBO reported several types of risk factors related to rising debt levels in a July 2010 publication: However, since mid to late 2010, the U.S. Treasury has

title: National debt of the United States

text: and the effect would be limited even if carried out, it does not offer China deterrence options, whether in the diplomatic, military, or economic realms, and this would remain true both in peacetime and in scenarios of crisis or war." The 112th United States Congress introduced legislation commissioning an assessment of the implications of China's ownership of U.S. debt. The 2013 Report claimed that "[a] potentially serious short-term problem would emerge if China decided to "suddenly" reduce their liquid U.S. financial assets significantly" [emphasis in the original text], noting, also, that Federal Reserve System Chairman Ben Bernanke had, in 2007,

title: China–United States relations

text: is valued at $48 billion. The US trade deficit with mainland China exceeded $350 billion in 2006 and was the United States' largest bilateral trade deficit. Some of the factors that influence the U.S. trade deficit with mainland China include: Beginning in 2009, the US and China agreed to hold regular high-level talks about economic issues and other mutual concerns by establishing the Strategic Economic Dialogue, which meets biannually. Five meetings have been held, the most recent in December 2008. Economic nationalism seems to be rising in both countries, a point the leaders of the two delegations noted in their

title: China

text: estimated $1.6 trillion of US securities, and was also the largest foreign holder of US public debt, owning over $1.16 trillion in US Treasury bonds. China's undervalued exchange rate has caused friction with other major economies, and it has also been widely criticized for manufacturing large quantities of counterfeit goods. According to consulting firm McKinsey, total outstanding debt in China increased from $7.4 trillion in 2007 to $28.2 trillion in 2014, which reflects 228% of China's GDP. In 2017 the Institute of International Finance reported that China's debt had reached 304% of its GDP. China ranked 29th in the Global

title: National debt of the United States

text: stated that "because foreign holdings of U.S. Treasury securities represent only a small part of total U.S. credit market debt outstanding, U.S. credit markets should be able to absorb without great difficulty any shift of foreign allocations." A significant number of economists and analysts dismiss any and all concerns over foreign holdings of United States government debt denominated in U.S. dollars, including China's holdings. According to the Government Accountability Office (GAO), the United States is on a "fiscally unsustainable" path because of projected future increases in Medicare and Social Security spending. Debt levels may affect economic growth rates. In 2010,

title: National debt of China

text: National debt of China The national debt (or government debt) of the People's Republic of China is the total amount of money owed by the government and all state organizations and government branches of China. As of October 2018, it stands at approximately 36 trillion ( 5.2 trillion), equivalent to about 47.6% of GDP. Standard & Poor's Global Ratings has stated Chinese local governments may have an additional 40 trillion ($5.8 trillion) in off-balance sheet debt. The high debt level is a current economic issue facing China. The International Monetary Fund, the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis and other

title: National debt of China

text: sources, such as the Article IV Consultation Reports, state that, at the end of 2014, the "general government gross debt"-to-GDP ratio for China was 41.54 percent. With China's 2014 GDP being 10,356.508 billion, this makes the government debt of China approximately 4.3 trillion. The foreign debt of China, by June 2015, stood at around 1.68 trillion, according to data from the country's State Administration of Foreign Exchange as quoted by the State Council. The figure does not include Hong Kong, Macau or that of Taiwan. Chinese foreign debt denominated in the U.S. dollar was 80 percent of the total, euros

title: Andy Xie

text: that if China loses faith in the U.S. dollar, the dollar will collapse. Commenting on United States' exploding deficit, Xie said that "Any other country with America's problems would need the Paris Club of creditor nations to negotiate with its lenders on its monetary and fiscal policies to protect their interests". "America's policy is pushing China towards developing an alternative financial system. China is aware that it must become independent from the dollar at some point. Its recent decision to turn Shanghai into a financial centre by 2020 reflects China's anxiety over relying on the dollar system." On 3 August

title: China–United States relations

text: an answer to a question from a senator, that China is trying to influence U.S. elections. China–United States relations China–United States relations, also known as U.S.–Chinese relations, Chinese–U.S. relations, or Sino-American relations, refers to international relations between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America. The history of the relationship can be traced back to when the United States gained independence. The relationship between the two countries is quite strong and is even somewhat positive. However at the same time, the relationship is also complex. Both countries have an extremely extensive economic partnership, and a great amount

title: National debt of the United States

text: On November 7, 2016, debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76% of the previous 12 months of GDP. Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion, giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106% of the previous 12 months of GDP; $6.2 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest of which were Japan and China at about $1.09 trillion for Japan and $1.06 trillion for China as of December 2016.

title: China–United States relations

text: in order to uphold their economic status. The PRC's military budget is often mentioned as a threat by many, including the Blue Team. The PRC's investment in its military is growing rapidly. The United States, along with independent analysts, remains convinced that the PRC conceals the real extent of its military spending. According to the PRC government, China spent $45 billion on defense in 2007. In contrast, the United States had a $623-billion budget for the military in 2008, $123 billion more than the combined military budgets of all other countries in the world. Some very broad US estimates maintain

title: China–United States relations

text: bilateral deficit between China and the US. A series of estimates based on true domestic content can cut the overall deficit – which was $252bn in November 2010 – by half, if not more." In early 2012, a dispute over rare earth minerals was brought into the light between the two countries. President Obama made an announcement that the United States would be one of a few countries to file a dispute with China. Amongst the United States, Japan and other Western European countries would also be filing disputes as well. This is simply just one of few disputes between

title: National debt of the United States

text: held by the public was $15.8 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.8 trillion, for a total or "National Debt" of $21.6 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $9.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then

title: Economy of the United States

text: budget, total national debt will grow to nearly 100% of GDP, versus a level of approximately 80% in early 2009. The White House estimates that the government's tab for servicing the debt will exceed $700 billion a year in 2019, up from $202 billion in 2009. The U.S. Treasury statistics indicate that, at the end of 2006, non-US citizens and institutions held 44% of federal debt held by the public. , China, holding $1.26 trillion in treasury bonds, is the largest foreign financier of the U.S. public debt. The overall financial position of the United States as of 2014 includes

title: National debt of the United States

text: debt are up significantly since 2000, when China held just six percent of all foreign-held U.S. Treasury securities. This exposure to potential financial or political risk should foreign banks stop buying Treasury securities or start selling them heavily was addressed in a June 2008 report issued by the Bank of International Settlements, which stated: "Foreign investors in U.S. dollar assets have seen big losses measured in dollars, and still bigger ones measured in their own currency. While unlikely, indeed highly improbable for public sector investors, a sudden rush for the exits cannot be ruled out completely." On May 20, 2007,

title: Leila de Lima

text: where those countries were put by China in a debt trap after accepting Chinese loans, leading to China's economic control on those countries. In January 2018, de Lima hit Duterte when it was revealed that the debt of the country ballooned to 6.6 trillion and the debt-to-GDP ratio expanded into 36. 4%. She also criticized the government for 'bowing down' to China amidst the disputes in the West Philippine Sea and Philippine Rise. In February 1, 2018 senator de Lima topped Asian Correspondent's list of five prominent Southeast Asian leaders and human rights defenders who are facing charges for defying

title: Foreign trade of the United States

text: economists are concerned over whether the current account deficit is unsustainable. A complicating factor is that trading partners such as China, depend for much of their economy on exports, especially to America. There are many controversies about the current trade and external debt situation, and it is arguable whether anyone understands how these dynamics will play out in a historically unprecedented floating exchange rate system. While various aspects of the U.S. economic profile have precedents in the situations of other countries (notably government debt as a percentage of GDP), the sheer size of the U.S., and the integral role of

title: United States debt-ceiling crisis of 2011

text: the US government for "dangerously irresponsible" actions. International reaction to the US credit rating downgrade has been mixed. Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard urged calm over the downgrade, since only one of the three major credit rating agencies decided to lower its rating. On August 6, 2011, China, the largest foreign holder of United States debt, said that Washington needed to "cure its addiction to debts" and "live within its means". The official Xinhua News Agency was critical of the US government, questioned whether the US dollar should continue to be the global reserve currency, and called for international supervision

title: China–United States relations

text: that the PRC military spends between $85 billion and $125 billion. According to official figures, the PRC spent $123 million on defense per day in 2007. In comparison, the US spent $1.7 billion ($1,660 million) per day that year. The concerns over the Chinese military budget may come from US worries that the PRC is attempting to threaten its neighbors or challenge the United States. Concerns have been raised that China is developing a large naval base near the South China Sea and has diverted resources from the People's Liberation Army Ground Force to the People's Liberation Army Navy and

title: National debt of the United States

text: U.S. nuclear weapons from 1940 to 1998 was $5.5 trillion in 1996 Dollars. The total public debt at the end of fiscal year 1998 was $5,478,189,000,000 in 1998 Dollars or $5.3 trillion in 1996 Dollars. Sources: Eurostat, International Monetary Fund, "World Economic Outlook" (emerging market economies); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, "Economic Outlook" (advanced economies)IMF, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand Afghanistan, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, People's Republic of, Fiji, Georgia, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Korea, Republic of, Kyrgyz Republic, Lao P.D.R., Macao SAR,

title: U.S.–China Strategic and Economic Dialogue

text: deficit in half by 2013, and to stabilize or reduce the national debt as a share of the economy. To lay the foundation for future growth, including through greater U.S. exports, the United States will increase and improve investment in innovation, infrastructure, and education. …… The two countries reiterate their support for the G-20 Framework for Strong, Sustainable, and Balanced Growth, and reaffirm their commitments to improve the living standards of our citizens through strong economic and jobs growth, and use the full range of policies required to strengthen the global recovery and to reduce excessive external imbalances and maintain

title: China–United States relations

text: Obama administration to take a hard-line stance against China and compel them to raise the value of their currency, and legislation was introduced to the United States Congress calling on the President to impose tariffs on Chinese imports until China properly values its currency. Since 2014, the situation changed dramatically, as China stopped artificially deflating its currency, as the growth in the Chinese economy slowed and Chinese investors made more investments outside the country, leading to a drop in the yuan's value in relation to the dollar, as well as a decline in China's reserves. China is a major creditor

title: Ruchir Sharma

text: optimistic about its ability to sustain 8 percent growth indefinitely, the bears are too quick to forecast disaster. The greater likelihood is that China "is slowing to a rate that is ideal for the interests of the United States: fast enough to remain an important pillar of global economic growth, but not fast enough for China to remain a disruptive threat to American power. More recently, Sharma has focused on China’s "own debt bomb," writing that the money supply and private debts are growing dangerously fast. Sharma notes that, according to studies by the International Monetary Fund and the Bank

title: Chimerica

text: a member, to its own informal nascent empire in commodity-rich Africa." The accumulation of American debt, which has been estimated at over $800 billion, suggests the two nations are intrinsically linked; the economic symbiosis prevalent between the two suggests that separation would harm both countries and be disastrous for the global economy. Another way to measure this integration is the trade deficit. The US trade deficit with China was $295 billion in 2011, meaning the US imported that much more goods and services from China than it exported to China. The Economic Policy Institute estimated that from 2001–2011, 2.7 million

title: Foreign-exchange reserves of China

text: in scenarios of crisis or war.” The 112th United States Congress introduced legislation whose aim was the assessment of the implications of China’s ownership of U.S. debt. The subsequent Congressional Report of 2013 claimed that "[a] potentially serious short-term problem would emerge if China decided to "suddenly" reduce their liquid U.S. financial assets significantly" [emphasis in the original text], noting also that Federal Reserve System Chairman Ben Bernanke had, in 2007, stated that “because foreign holdings of U.S. Treasury securities represent only a small part of total U.S. credit market debt outstanding, U.S. credit markets should be able to absorb

title: National debt of the United States


question: what is the maximum data rate for the 802.11a standard select one

answers: 54 Mbit/s

title: IEEE 802.11

text: interference, but locally there may be fewer signals to interfere with, resulting in less interference and better throughput. The 802.11b standard has a maximum raw data rate of 11 Mbit/s, and uses the same media access method defined in the original standard. 802.11b products appeared on the market in early 2000, since 802.11b is a direct extension of the modulation technique defined in the original standard. The dramatic increase in throughput of 802.11b (compared to the original standard) along with simultaneous substantial price reductions led to the rapid acceptance of 802.11b as the definitive wireless LAN technology. Devices using 802.11b

title: IEEE 802.11

text: range communications. The peak transmission rate of 802.11ay is 20 Gbit/s. The main extensions include: channel bonding (2, 3 and 4), MIMO and higher modulation schemes. Across all variations of 802.11, maximum achievable throughputs are given either based on measurements under ideal conditions or in the layer-2 data rates. However, this does not apply to typical deployments in which data is being transferred between two endpoints, of which at least one is typically connected to a wired infrastructure and the other endpoint is connected to an infrastructure via a wireless link. This means that, typically, data frames pass an 802.11

title: IEEE 802.11n-2009

text: increasing data rate by utilizing more antennas in 20 MHz mode rather than by operating in the 40 MHz mode, as the 40 MHz mode requires a relatively free radio spectrum which is only available in rural areas away from cities. Thus, network engineers installing an 802.11n network should strive to select routers and wireless clients with the most antennas possible (one, two, three or four as specified by the 802.11n standard) and try to make sure that the network's bandwidth will be satisfactory even on the 20 MHz mode. Data rates up to 600 Mbit/s are achieved only with

title: IEEE 802.11ay

text: delayed until 2019. 802.11ay will not be a new type of WLAN in the IEEE 802.11 set, but will simply be an improvement on 802.11ad. Where 802.11ad uses a maximum of 2.16 GHz bandwidth, 802.11ay bonds four of those channels together for a maximum bandwidth of 8.64 GHz. MIMO is also added with a maximum of 4 streams. The link-rate per stream is 44Gbit/s, with four streams this goes up to 176Gbit/s. Higher order modulation is also added, probably up to 256-QAM. Applications could include replacement for Ethernet and other cables within offices or homes, and provide backhaul connectivity outside

title: IEEE 802.11b-1999

text: IEEE 802.11b-1999 IEEE 802.11b-1999 or 802.11b, is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 wireless networking specification that extends throughput up to 11 Mbit/s using the same 2.4GHz band. A related amendment was incorporated into the IEEE 802.11-2007 standard. 802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in their 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and 802.11ac versions to provide wireless connectivity in the home, office and some commercial establishments. 802.11b has a maximum raw data rate of 11 Mbit/s and uses the same CSMA/CA media access method defined in the original standard.

title: IEEE 802.11

text: of being crowded, using the relatively unused 5 GHz band gives 802.11a a significant advantage. However, this high carrier frequency also brings a disadvantage: the effective overall range of 802.11a is less than that of 802.11b/g. In theory, 802.11a signals are absorbed more readily by walls and other solid objects in their path due to their smaller wavelength, and, as a result, cannot penetrate as far as those of 802.11b. In practice, 802.11b typically has a higher range at low speeds (802.11b will reduce speed to 5.5 Mbit/s or even 1 Mbit/s at low signal strengths). 802.11a also suffers from

title: Wi-Fi

text: 3 MB of data between the mountain-tops of El Águila and Platillon. The Swedish Space Agency transferred data , using 6 watt amplifiers to reach an overhead stratospheric balloon. Many newer consumer devices support the latest 802.11ac standard, which uses the 5 GHz band exclusively and is capable of multi-station WLAN throughput of at least 1 gigabit per second, and a single station throughput of at least 500 Mbit/s. In the first quarter of 2016, The Wi-Fi Alliance certifies devices compliant with the 802.11ac standard as "Wi-Fi CERTIFIED ac". This new standard uses several advanced signal processing techniques such as

title: IEEE 802.11ah

text: to predefined wake/doze periods, are still able to send data at high speed under some negotiated conditions and use sectored antennas. It uses the 802.11a/g specification that is down sampled to provide 26 channels, each of them able to provide 100 kbit/s throughput. It can cover a one-kilometer radius. It aims at providing connectivity to thousands of devices under an access point. The protocol supports machine to machine (M2M) markets, like smart metering. Data rates up to 347 Mbit/s are achieved only with the maximum of four spatial streams using one 16 MHz-wide channel. Various modulation schemes and coding rates

title: IEEE 802.11ay

text: for service providers. 802.11ay should not be confused with the similarly named 802.11ax that is also set to be released in 2019. Although they boast similar speeds, the 802.11ay standard is designed to reach farther and run at much higher frequencies. The lower frequency of 802.11ax prevents it from reaching these distances but enables it to penetrate walls, something that the 11ay standard struggles to do. Draft version 0.1 of 802.11ay was released in January 2017, followed by draft version 0.2 in March 2017. Draft version 1.0 was made available in November 2017, and draft 1.2 was available as of

title: Long-range Wi-Fi

text: in long-range Wi-Fi, special technologies are used to get the most out of a Wi-Fi connection. The 802.11-2007 standard adds 10 MHz and 5 MHz OFDM modes to the 802.11a standard, and extend the time of cyclic prefix protection from 0.8 µs to 3.2 µs, quadrupling the multipath distortion protection. Some commonly available 802.11a/g chipsets support the OFDM 'half-clocking' and 'quarter-clocking' that is in the 2007 standard, and 4.9 GHz and 5.0 GHz products are available with 10 MHz and 5 MHz channel bandwidths. It is likely that some 802.11n D.20 chipsets will also support 'half-clocking' for use in 10

title: Wi-Fi

text: signal. This greatly increases range and network speed without exceeding the legal power limits. IEEE802.11n can more than double the range. Range also varies with frequency band. Wi-Fi in the 2.4 GHz frequency block has slightly better range than Wi-Fi in the 5 GHz frequency block used by 802.11a (and optionally by 802.11n). Under optimal conditions, IEEE802.11ac can achieve communication rates of 1Gbit/s. With Wi-Fi signals line-of-sight usually works best, but Wi-Fi signals can be affected by absorption, reflection, and diffraction through and around structures. Due to the complex nature of radio propagation at typical Wi-Fi frequencies, particularly the effects

title: IEEE 802.11

text: g work well together occupied much of the lingering technical process; in an 802.11g network, however, activity of an 802.11b participant will reduce the data rate of the overall 802.11g network. Like 802.11b, 802.11g devices suffer interference from other products operating in the 2.4 GHz band, for example wireless keyboards. In 2003, task group TGma was authorized to "roll up" many of the amendments to the 1999 version of the 802.11 standard. REVma or 802.11ma, as it was called, created a single document that merged 8 amendments (802.11a, b, d, e, g, h, i, j) with the base standard. Upon

title: IEEE 802.11ay

text: IEEE 802.11ay IEEE 802.11ay is a proposed enhancement to the current technical standards for wireless networks. It is the follow-up of 802.11ad adding four times the bandwidth and adding MIMO up to 4 streams. It will be the second WiGig standard. 802.11ay is a type of WLAN in the IEEE 802.11 set of WLANs. It will have a frequency of 60 GHz, a transmission rate of 20–40 Gbit/s and an extended transmission distance of 300–500 meters. It is likely to have mechanisms for channel bonding and MU-MIMO technologies. It was originally expected to be released in 2017, but has been

title: IEEE 802.11n-2009

text: certification program established a set of features and a level of interoperability across vendors supporting those features, thus providing one definition of 'draft n' to ensure compatibility and interoperatability. The baseline certification covers both 20 MHz and 40 MHz wide channels, and up to two spatial streams, for maximum throughputs of 144.4 Mbit/s for 20 MHz and 300 Mbit/s for 40 MHz (with short guard interval). A number of vendors in both the consumer and enterprise spaces have built products that have achieved this certification. The following are milestones in the development of 802.11n: IEEE 802.11n-2009 IEEE 802.11n-2009, commonly shortened

title: IEEE 802.11

text: The 802.11a standard uses the same data link layer protocol and frame format as the original standard, but an OFDM based air interface (physical layer). It operates in the 5 GHz band with a maximum net data rate of 54 Mbit/s, plus error correction code, which yields realistic net achievable throughput in the mid-20 Mbit/s.

title: IEEE 802.11ax

text: just 37% higher than IEEE 802.11ac, the new amendment is expected to achieve a 4× increase to average user throughput due to more efficient spectrum utilization and improvements for dense deployments. IEEE 802.11ax is due to be publicly released sometime in 2019. Devices were presented at CES 2018 that showed a top speed of 11 Gbit/s. "Notes" The 802.11ax amendment will bring several key improvements over 802.11ac. 802.11ax addresses frequency bands between 1 GHz and 5 GHz. Therefore, unlike 802.11ac, 802.11ax will also operate in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz band. To meet the goal of supporting dense 802.11 deployments the

title: IEEE 802.11s

text: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and 802.11ac versions to provide wireless connectivity in the home, office and some commercial establishments. 802.11s extends the IEEE 802.11 MAC standard by defining an architecture and protocol that supports both broadcast/multicast and unicast delivery using "radio-aware metrics over self-configuring multi-hop topologies." 802.11s inherently depends on one of 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n or 802.11ac carrying the actual traffic. One or more routing protocols suitable to the actual network physical topology are required. 802.11s requires Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol, or HWMP, be supported as a default. However, other mesh, ad hoc (Associativity-Based Routing, Zone Routing Protocol, and

title: Wi-Fi

text: there can be only one 802.11n network on the 2.4 GHz band at a given location, without interference to/from other WLAN traffic. 802.11n can also be set to limit itself to 20 MHz bandwidth to prevent interference in dense community. The Wi-Fi protocols are in the IEEE 802 family which includes Ethernet, and are designed to interwork. Whereas Ethernet media are not usually shared, and have essentially negligible error rates, wireless communication media are subject to significant interference and have multiple users. Because of this, for Wi-Fi, the Logical Link Control (LLC) specified by IEEE 802.2 employs Wi-Fi's media access

title: IEEE 802.11b-1999

text: Due to the CSMA/CA protocol overhead, in practice the maximum 802.11b throughput that an application can achieve is about 5.9 Mbit/s using TCP and 7.1 Mbit/s using UDP. 802.11b products appeared on the market in mid-1999, since 802.11b is a direct extension of the DSSS (Direct-sequence spread spectrum) modulation technique defined in the original standard. The Apple iBook was the first mainstream computer sold with optional 802.11b networking. Technically, the 802.11b standard uses complementary code keying (CCK) as its modulation technique. The dramatic increase in throughput of 802.11b (compared to the original standard) along with simultaneous substantial price reductions led

title: IEEE 802.11ay

text: April 2018. IEEE 802.11ay IEEE 802.11ay is a proposed enhancement to the current technical standards for wireless networks. It is the follow-up of 802.11ad adding four times the bandwidth and adding MIMO up to 4 streams. It will be the second WiGig standard. 802.11ay is a type of WLAN in the IEEE 802.11 set of WLANs. It will have a frequency of 60 GHz, a transmission rate of 20–40 Gbit/s and an extended transmission distance of 300–500 meters. It is likely to have mechanisms for channel bonding and MU-MIMO technologies. It was originally expected to be released in 2017, but

title: IEEE 802.11ac

text: IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ac is a wireless networking standard in the 802.11 family (which is marketed under the brand name Wi-Fi), developed in the IEEE Standards Association, providing high-throughput wireless local area networks (WLANs) on the 5 GHz band. The standard was developed from 2008 (PAR approved 2008-09-26) through 2013 and published in December 2013 (ANSI approved 2013-12-11). The standard has been alternatively labelled as Wi-Fi 5 by Wi-Fi Alliance. The specification has multi-station throughput of at least 1 gigabit per second and single-link throughput of at least 500 megabits per second (500 Mbit/s). This is accomplished by extending the

title: IEEE 802.11

text: output power of the communicating devices. The same references apply to the attached graphs that show measurements of UDP throughput. Each represents an average (UDP) throughput (please note that the error bars are there, but barely visible due to the small variation) of 25 measurements. Each is with a specific packet size (small or large) and with a specific data rate (10 kbit/s – 100 Mbit/s). Markers for traffic profiles of common applications are included as well. These figures assume there are no packet errors, which if occurring will lower transmission rate further. 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n-2.4 utilize the spectrum,

title: IEEE 802.11v

text: IEEE 802.11v IEEE 802.11v is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to allow configuration of client devices while connected to wireless networks. It was published as 802.11v-2011 and later incorporated into 802.11-2012 802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in their 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac versions to provide wireless connectivity in the home, office and some commercial establishments. 802.11v is the Wireless Network Management standard for the IEEE 802.11 family of standards. 802.11v allows client devices to exchange information about the network topology, including information about

title: Wi-Fi

text: that are four apart interfere a negligible amount, much less than reusing channels. In Europe and Japan where channel 13 is available, using Channels 1, 5, 9, and 13 for 802.11g and 802.11n is recommended. 802.11a uses the 5 GHz U-NII band, which, for much of the world, offers at least 23 non-overlapping channels rather than the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band, where adjacent channels overlap. As the 802.11 specifications evolved to support higher throughput, the bandwidth requirements also increased to support them. 802.11n uses double the radio spectrum/bandwidth (40 MHz) compared to 802.11a or 802.11g (20 MHz).76 This means

title: IEEE 802.11n-2009

text: devices are 2 x 2 : 2; 2 x 3 : 2; and 3 x 2 : 2. All three configurations have the same maximum throughputs and features, and differ only in the amount of diversity the antenna systems provide. In addition, a fourth configuration, 3 x 3 : 3 is becoming common, which has a higher throughput, due to the additional data stream. Assuming equal operating parameters to an 802.11g network achieving 54 megabits per second (on a single 20 MHz channel with one antenna), an 802.11n network can achieve 72 megabits per second (on a single 20 MHz

title: IEEE 802.11n-2009

text: band has substantial capacity due to many non-overlapping radio channels and less radio interference as compared to the 2.4 GHz band. An 802.11n-only network may be impractical for many users because they need to support legacy equipment that still is 802.11b/g only. In a mixed-mode system, an optimal solution would be to use a dual-radio access point and place the 802.11b/g traffic on the 2.4 GHz radio and the 802.11n traffic on the 5 GHz radio. This setup assumes that all the 802.11n clients are 5 GHz capable, which is not a requirement of the standard. Quite a few Wi-Fi-capable

title: IEEE 802.11

text: regulated by country, constrained in part by how each country allocates radio spectrum to various services. At one extreme, Japan permits the use of all 14 channels for 802.11b, and for 802.11g/n-2.4. Other countries such as Spain initially allowed only channels 10 and 11, and France allowed only 10, 11, 12, and 13; however, they now allow channels 1 through 13. North America and some Central and South American countries allow only Since the spectral mask defines only power output restrictions up to ±11 MHz from the center frequency to be attenuated by −50 dBr, it is often assumed that

title: IEEE 802.11v

text: the RF environment, making each client network aware, facilitating overall improvement of the wireless network. After several years in development as a draft standard, 802.11v was ratified as a formal amendment to the 802.11 standard on 2 February 2011. IEEE 802.11v IEEE 802.11v is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to allow configuration of client devices while connected to wireless networks. It was published as 802.11v-2011 and later incorporated into 802.11-2012 802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in their 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac versions to

title: Wireless LAN

text: identical to the PHY of HiperLAN/2. In 2009 802.11n was added to 802.11. It operates in both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands at a maximum data transfer rate of 600 Mbit/s. Most newer routers are able to utilise both wireless bands, known as dualband. This allows data communications to avoid the crowded 2.4 GHz band, which is also shared with Bluetooth devices and microwave ovens. The 5 GHz band is also wider than the 2.4 GHz band, with more channels, which permits a greater number of devices to share the space. Not all channels are available in all

title: IEEE 802.11ad

text: IEEE 802.11ad IEEE 802.11ad is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 wireless networking standard, developed to provide an Multiple Gigabit Wireless System (MGWS) standard at 60 GHz frequency, and is a networking standard for WiGig network. Because it uses the V band of milimeter wave (mmWave) frequency, the range of IEEE 802.11ad communication would be rather limited (just a few meters and difficult to pass through obstacles/walls) compares to other conventional Wi-Fi systems. However, the high frequency allow it to use more bandwidth which in turn enable the transmission of data at high data rate up to multiple gigabit per

title: IEEE 802.11


question: a good that can be used in place of another good

answers: A substitute good

answers: substitute good

title: Positional good

text: the fact that they are consumed only by single individuals. The exclusion of others from positive amounts of consumption is impossible in the case of public goods. Instead, when some individuals consume positional goods, other individuals must be included in the consumption of related negative quantities. A pure positional good can be defined as a good of which a certain amount of positive consumption by one agent is matched by an equally negative amount of consumption by another agent. That is, in the case of positional goods, individuals' consumption levels have opposite signs. However, in the case of certain positional

title: Substitute good

text: can be used in exactly the same way. In that case the utility of a combination is an increasing function of the sum of the two amounts, and theoretically, in the case of a price difference, there would be no demand for the more expensive good. In microeconomics, two types of substitutes are being distinguished, gross substitutes and net substitutes. Good formula_1 is said to be gross substitute of good formula_2 if Goods X and Y are said to be net substitutes if where formula_5 is a utility function for the two goods. Substitutes differ with respect to their category

title: Substitute good

text: as compared to the demand for cereal generally. The fact that one good is substitutable for another has immediate economic consequences: insofar as one good can be substituted for another, the demands for the two kinds of good will be interrelated by the fact that customers can trade off one good for the other if it becomes advantageous to do so. An "increase" in price (ceteris paribus) will result in an "increase" in demand for its substitute goods. If two goods have a high substitutability, the change in demand will be much greater. Thus, economists can predict that a spike

title: Composite good

text: bundles that represent the optimal choice other than the first good. This final step clarifies the relation of the model to the real world where many goods can be stated in terms of money value. In John R. Hicks's classic "Value and Capital" (1939), a composite good was used to generalize mathematically from consumer demand equilibrium for an individual in the 2-good case to market equilibrium via supply and demand in the n-good case. Composite good In economics, a composite good is an abstraction that represents all but one of the goods in the relevant budget. Consumer demand theory shows

title: Grammar-oriented programming

text: of using one DSL for the entire programming activity, GOOD suggests the combination of defining domain-specific behavioral semantics in conjunction with the use of more traditional, general purpose programming languages. Grammar-oriented programming Grammar-oriented programming (GOP) and Grammar-oriented Object Design (GOOD) are good for designing and creating a domain-specific programming language (DSL) for a specific business domain. GOOD can be used to drive the execution of the application or it can be used to embed the declarative processing logic of a context-aware component (CAC) or context-aware service (CAS). GOOD is a method for creating and maintaining dynamically reconfigurable software architectures driven

title: Substitute good

text: result in a rightward movement along the demand curve of A and cause the demand curve for B to shift in. Examples of substitute goods include margarine and butter, tea and coffee, beer and wine. Substitute goods not only occur on the consumer side of the market but also the producer side. Substitutable producer goods would include: petroleum and natural gas (used for heating or electricity). The degree to which a good has a perfect substitute depends on how specifically the good is defined. Take for example, the demand for Rice Krispies cereal, which is a very narrowly defined good

title: Grammar-oriented programming

text: Grammar-oriented programming Grammar-oriented programming (GOP) and Grammar-oriented Object Design (GOOD) are good for designing and creating a domain-specific programming language (DSL) for a specific business domain. GOOD can be used to drive the execution of the application or it can be used to embed the declarative processing logic of a context-aware component (CAC) or context-aware service (CAS). GOOD is a method for creating and maintaining dynamically reconfigurable software architectures driven by business-process architectures. The business compiler was used to capture business processes within real-time workshops for various lines of business and create an executable simulation of the processes used. Instead

title: Used good

text: Used good A secondhand or used good is a piece of personal property that is being purchased by or otherwise transferred to a second or later end user. A "used" good can also simply mean it is no longer in the same condition as it was when transferred to the current owner. When the term "used" means that an item has expended its purpose (such as a used diaper), it is typically called garbage, instead. Used goods may be transferred informally between friends and family for free as hand-me-downs. They may be sold for a fraction of their original price

title: Composite good

text: Composite good In economics, a composite good is an abstraction that represents all but one of the goods in the relevant budget. Consumer demand theory shows how the composite may be treated as if it were only a single good as to properties hypothesized about demand. The composite good represents what is given up along consumer's budget constraint to consume more of the first good. Budget constraints are designed to show the maximum amount of a good, or combination of goods, that can be purchased by a consumer given a limited budget. In a single-good world, the cost of a

title: Substitute good

text: membership. Within-category substitutes are goods that are members of the same taxonomic category, goods sharing common attributes (e.g., chocolate, chairs, station wagons, etc.). Cross-category substitutes are goods that are members of different taxonomic categories but can satisfy the same goal. A person who cannot have the chocolate that she desires, for example, might instead buy ice cream to satisfy her goal to have a dessert. Goods that are completely substitutable with each other are called perfect substitutes. They may be characterized as goods having a linear utility function or a constant marginal rate of substitution. Writeable compact disks from different

title: Giffen good

text: Giffen good In economics and consumer theory, a Giffen good is a product that people consume more of as the price rises and vice versa—violating the basic law of demand in microeconomics. For any other sort of good, as the price of the good rises, the substitution effect makes consumers purchase less of it, and more of substitute goods; for most goods, the income effect (due to the effective decline in available income due to more being spent on existing units of this good) reinforces this decline in demand for the good. But a Giffen good is so strongly an

title: Final good

text: Final good A consumer good or final good is any commodity that is produced or consumed by the consumer to satisfy current wants or needs. Consumer goods are ultimately consumed, rather than used in the production of another good. For example, a microwave oven or a bicycle that is sold to a consumer is a final good or consumer good, but the components that are sold to be used in those goods are intermediate goods. For example, textiles or transistors can be used to make some further goods. When used in measures of national income and output, the term "final

title: Giffen good

text: may have been Giffen for certain groups of consumers—in particular for poor consumers. Giffen good In economics and consumer theory, a Giffen good is a product that people consume more of as the price rises and vice versa—violating the basic law of demand in microeconomics. For any other sort of good, as the price of the good rises, the substitution effect makes consumers purchase less of it, and more of substitute goods; for most goods, the income effect (due to the effective decline in available income due to more being spent on existing units of this good) reinforces this decline

title: Substitute good

text: another farm instead. There are different degrees of substitutability. For example, a car and a bicycle may substitute to some extent: if the price of motor fuel increases considerably, one may expect that some people will switch to bicycles. In economics, one way that two or more goods can be classified is by examining the relationship of the demand schedules when the price of one good changes. This relationship between demand schedules leads to classification of goods as either substitutes or complements. Substitute goods are goods which, as a result of changed conditions, may replace each other in use (or

title: Substitute good

text: A substitute good is one good that can be used instead of another. In consumer theory, substitute goods or substitutes are products that a consumer perceives as similar or comparable, so that having more of one product makes them desire less of the other product.  Formally, X and Y are substitutes if, when the price of X rises, the demand for Y rises.

title: Composite good

text: single-good model (bringing it up to two) allows for "all" other opportunities to be accounted for. Since the composite is considered a single good only for purposes of the model, analysis can be made on a two-dimensional graph. Optimal choices represent the bundle of two goods; the first good and the composite. A final step can be taken in relating the composite good to a unit of account such as money by setting the price of the composite good to 1. Since the prices of all other goods are known, the composite good can be converted into any combination of

title: Substitute good

text: in the cost of a particular brand of detergent is likely to result in a large change in demand for other brands, whereas a change in the price of pencils will have a much smaller effect on the demand for other stationery, such as pens on legal documents or pencils on most high-school maths homework. It is important to note that when speaking about substitute goods one is referring to "two different kinds" of goods; so the "substitutability" of one good for another is always a matter of degree. One good is a perfect substitute for another only if it

title: Agglutination

text: good), doubleplusgood (very good), and ungood (bad). Words with comparative and superlative meanings are also simplified, so "better" becomes "gooder", and "best" becomes "goodest." As noted above, it is a typical feature of agglutinative languages that there is a one-to-one correspondence between suffixes and syntactic categories. For example, a noun may have separate markers for number, case, possessive or conjunctive usage etc. The order of these affixes is fixed , so we may view any given noun or verb as a stem followed by several inflectional "slots", i.e. positions in which inflectional suffixes may occur. It is often the case

title: Good Technology

text: offerings also include: Good Vault, offering enhanced data protection for Good for Enterprise, and using two-factor authentication; Good for OEMs/Carriers, which enables telecommunications companies to create integrated social messaging experiences for their customers; Good Secure Mobility Solution, which supports developing, securing, deploying, and managing workflows for mobile workers. Good Technology's reports and executives have been cited as experts in the adoption and use of mobile technology in the enterprise sector. In particular, its quarterly Mobility Index Report tracks data based on Good's customers device activations and, more recently, app activations. Good's client base includes those with high security needs, such

title: Queue area

text: the objectives of both the queuer and the organisation where the queue forms. Providing a substitute activity for the queuer can be an effective approach for reducing perceived waiting time. In a busy restaurant, a good substitute for a waiting customer would be a bar. At an outdoor attraction with long queues, a good substitute might be a side marquee selling merchandise or food. A good substitute will: Providing a well thought through substitute activity that complements the main product or service being queued for, can provide an organisation with a valuable customer service advantage. All of the above methods,

title: Normal good

text: Normal good In economics, a normal good is any good for which demand increases when income increases, i.e. with a positive income elasticity of demand. A good is normal when the income elasticity of demand is greater than or equal to zero. In mathematical terms, good "g" is normal if and only if: formula_1 In the above definition, "Q" represents the quantity of good "x" demanded and "Y" represents the income of the given consumer being modeled. Intuitively, a good is normal if a change in the consumer's income causes the same direction change in the consumer's demand for good

title: Positional good

text: is negative consumption. Therefore, the total marginal rate of substitution is the difference between the two individual marginal rates of substitution. Positional good Positional goods are goods valued only by how they are distributed among the population, not by how many goods there are in total. For example, getting a college degree is useful in the job market because it helps the new graduate, yet slightly worsens the situation for all others holding that degree as it increases competition from that graduate. That is, the total benefit from all instances of a positional good is zero-sum, neither increasing nor decreasing.

title: Ordinary good

text: still useful since it allows a simple representation of price and income changes. A normal good is always ordinary, while an ordinary good can be normal, inferior or sticky. Ordinary good An ordinary good is a microeconomic concept used in consumer theory. It is defined as a good which creates increased demand when the price for the good drops or conversely decreased demand if the price for the good increases, "ceteris paribus". It is the opposite of a Giffen good. Since the existence of Giffen goods outside the realm of economic theory is still contested, the pairing of Giffen goods

title: Good Technology

text: Suite, and also for the Good Mobile Alliance ISV Ecosystem, in which independent developers create and distribute apps of their own. In October 2013 Good announced the Good Dynamics Shared Service Framework as part of Good Dynamics, including services such as printing, file sharing, and email. The framework is also designed to make it easier for developers to reuse code and connect apps. Good also announced Direct Connect in fall 2013; this technology enables companies to control the way data flows through their networks, for instance with respect to corporate or national boundaries. The Good Collaboration Suite includes email, calendar,

title: Complementary good

text: a constant supply curve S of cars, the new increased quantity demanded will be at D2 with a new increased price P2. Other examples include automobiles and fuel, mobile phones and cellular service, printer and cartridge, among others. A perfect complement is a good that "has" to be consumed with another good. The indifference curve of a perfect complement will exhibit a right angle, as illustrated by the figure at the right. Such preferences are often represented by a Leontief utility function. Few goods in the real world will behave as perfect complements. One example is a left shoe and

title: Substitute good

text: they could not have than a cross-category substitute. Unable to acquire a desired Godiva chocolate, for instance, a majority reported that they would prefer to eat a store-brand chocolate (a within-category substitute) than a chocolate-chip granola bar (a cross-category substitute). This preference for within-category substitutes appears, however, to be misguided. Because within-category substitutes are more similar to the missing good, their inferiority to it is more noticeable. This creates a negative contrast effect, and leads within-category substitutes to be less satisfying substitutes than cross-category substitutes. Many markets for commonly used goods feature products which are perfectly substitutable yet are differently

title: Consumer choice

text: and I2 to I3. If these curves are plotted for many different prices of good Y, a demand curve for good Y can be constructed. The diagram below shows the demand curve for good Y as its price varies. Alternatively, if the price for good Y is fixed and the price for good X is varied, a demand curve for good X can be constructed. Another important item that can change is the money income of the consumer. The income effect is the phenomenon observed through changes in purchasing power. It reveals the change in quantity demanded brought by a

title: Demerit good

text: Demerit good In economics, a demerit good is "a good or service whose consumption is considered unhealthy, degrading, or otherwise socially undesirable due to the perceived negative effects on the consumers themselves". It is over-consumed if left to market forces. Examples of demerit goods include tobacco, alcoholic beverages, recreational drugs, gambling, junk food and prostitution. Because of the nature of these goods, governments often levy taxes on these goods (specifically, sin taxes), in some cases regulating or banning consumption or advertisement of these goods. There is an important conceptual distinction between a demerit good and a negative externality. A negative

title: Good guy clause

text: Good guy clause A good guy clause, typically found in rental agreements in New York City, is a provision that allows a tenant to be released from the liability of completing the agreed upon rental period, assuming the tenant vacates the rented space and leaves it in favorable condition. Many landlords would rent office space to small companies or start-ups. If those companies got into financial trouble, they would fail to make payments on the property but refuse to give up the space, forcing the property owners/landlords to go through the process of eviction. The use of a good guy

title: Positional good

text: of the owner. For this reason, there is a zero-sum game in the family consumptions. There is a party consuming a positive amount of positional good and at the same time there is a counterparty consuming a negative amount of such a good. However, the aristocratic family – owners of a tower – enjoyed the positive consumption of the positional good, namely it had a positive utility deriving from the positional good. On the contrary, the family – non-owners of a tower – suffered from the negative consumption of the positional good (the consumption of exposure to power of others),

title: Substitute good

short_answers:
A substitute good
substitute good