question: when does walking dead season 8 second half start

answers: October 22, 2017

answers: February 25, 2018

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: The Walking Dead (season 9) The ninth season of "The Walking Dead", an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC premiered on October 7, 2018, and will consist of 16 episodes, split into two parts, each consisting of eight episodes. The second part of the season is scheduled to premiere on February 10, 2019. Developed for television by Frank Darabont, the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Scott M. Gimple, Angela Kang, Greg Nicotero, Tom Luse, Denise Huth, and Gale Anne

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: 20, 2018. The ninth season premiered on October 7, 2018, and the episode was made available a day early via AMC Premiere, the network's on-demand service. Critical reception for the ninth season of "The Walking Dead" has been positive, with critics noting its improvement over the two previous seasons, but remain cautious if the series can maintain its improved quality for the entire season. On Rotten Tomatoes, the season holds a score of 93% with an average rating of 7.03 out of 10, based on 12 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads, "Nine seasons in, "The Walking Dead" feels more

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: run." Jeff Stone of IndieWire wrote a positive review based on the first three episodes and gave them an "A-" grade. He called the ninth season a "huge step up for the show" and that the episodes "are as strong as anything the show's done since the heyday of Season 4." The Walking Dead (season 9) The ninth season of "The Walking Dead", an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC premiered on October 7, 2018, and will consist of 16 episodes, split into two parts, each consisting of eight episodes. The second part of the season is scheduled to

title: The Walking Dead (season 8)

text: marked the first crossover between the two series. The cinema screening also included an extra half-hour of exclusive bonus content. The eighth season of "The Walking Dead" has received mixed reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the season holds a score of 66% with an average rating of 6.68 out of 10, based on 15 reviews, and an average episode score 72%. The site's critical consensus reads: ""The Walking Dead"s eighth season energizes its characters with some much-needed angst and action, though it's still occasionally choppy and lacking forward-moving plot progression." For the 44th Saturn Awards, the eight season of

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: Kang would take Gimple's role for "The Walking Dead". Filming for the ninth season began on April 30, 2018, with Greg Nicotero directing the first episode of the season. Michael Cudlitz, who played Abraham Ford, directed the seventh episode of the season. The ninth season features a redesigned opening credits sequence. The animated title sequence, which is graphic novel inspired, features familiar imagery such as Daryl's motorcycle and crossbow, and Michonne's katana. Kang spoke of the inspiration for the new sequence, "The feel of the season has elements of the Western genre. We're paying homage to some of the iconic

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4)

text: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) The fourth season of "Fear the Walking Dead", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 15, 2018, and comprises 16 episodes split into two eight-episode parts. The second half of the season premiered on August 12, 2018, and concluded on September 30, 2018. It is a companion series to "The Walking Dead", and the season premiere contained the first crossover between the two series. The season features new showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian B. Goldberg, and the series also moved to a new filming location, Austin, Texas. The season follows a

title: The Walking Dead (season 8)

text: was renewed by AMC for a 16-episode eighth season on October 16, 2016. Production began on April 25, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia. On July 12, 2017, production was shut down after stuntman John Bernecker was killed, after falling more than 20 feet onto a concrete floor. Production resumed on July 17. The season premiere, which also serves as the series' milestone 100th episode, was directed by executive producer Greg Nicotero. In November 2017, it was announced that Lennie James who portrays Morgan Jones, would be leaving "The Walking Dead" after the conclusion of this season, and he will join the

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4)

text: even more depressing." Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) The fourth season of "Fear the Walking Dead", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 15, 2018, and comprises 16 episodes split into two eight-episode parts. The second half of the season premiered on August 12, 2018, and concluded on September 30, 2018. It is a companion series to "The Walking Dead", and the season premiere contained the first crossover between the two series. The season features new showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian B. Goldberg, and the series also moved to a new filming location, Austin, Texas. The

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: alive than ever, with heightened tension and a refreshed pace that rejuvenates this long-running franchise." On Metacritic, the season has a score of 72 out of 100 based on 4 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Reviewing the season premiere, Sarah Moran of Screen Rant wrote the episode "feels like the fresh start the series so desperately needs, trading grim wartime for a more peaceful period of growth and reflection" and praised the changes made by new showrunner Angela Kang. Erik Kain of "Forbes" called the first episode "the best episode since season 6 and better than many in that season

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 2)

text: Fear the Walking Dead (season 2) The second season of "Fear the Walking Dead", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 10, 2016. The season is split into a seven-episode part and a eight-episode part, with the first seven concluding on May 22, 2016; the second half premiered on August 21, 2016, and concluded on October 2, 2016, consisting of fifteen episodes. The series is a companion series and prequel to "The Walking Dead", which is based on the comic book series of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The season follows

title: The Walking Dead (season 6)

text: I think a few minor remixes, but some direct stuff from the comic as well, as far as these characters go. I think there's a really cool aspect to the first half of the season that serves almost as a prequel to some direct comic stuff in the second half of the season. I think there's a way that Robert did some of the story that we're reaching that had a real past to it, where people are referring to some things in the past in the comic. And we're able to portray some of that backstory in some ways

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 3)

text: Fear the Walking Dead (season 3) The third season of "Fear the Walking Dead", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on June 4, 2017 and consisted of 16 episodes. The season is split into two eight-episode parts, with the first half concluding on July 9, 2017; the second half premiered on September 10, 2017 and concluded on October 15, 2017. The series is a companion series and prequel to "The Walking Dead", which is based on the comic book series of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The season follows a dysfunctional, blended

title: The Walking Dead (TV series)

text: For the eighth season, 67% of Rotten Tomatoes' 13 critic reviews rated it positively, with an average score of 6.68/10. The site's consensus states ""The Walking Dead"s eighth season energizes its characters with some much-needed angst and action, though it's still occasionally choppy and lacking forward-moving plot progression." For the ninth season, 94% of Rotten Tomatoes' 12 critic reviews were positive, with an average score of 7.01/10. The site's consensus states, "Nine seasons in, "The Walking Dead" feels more alive than ever, with heightened tension and a refreshed pace that rejuvenates this long-running franchise." Metacritic scored the ninth season 72/100

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: Paul "Jesus" Rovia, said the timejump is about a year and a half from the end of the eighth season, giving enough time for survivors to re-establish farming and livestock raising. A second timeskip occurs towards the end of episode 5, after a helicopter whisks a wounded Rick to safety. The next scene takes place six years later, when a now much older Judith saves a group of survivors from a ring of walkers. The teaser for the season was released on July 19, 2018, the first day of the 2018 San Diego Comic-Con. The trailer was released on July

title: The Walking Dead (season 8)

text: The eighth season of The Walking Dead, an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC, premiered on October 22, 2017, and concluded on April 15, 2018, consisting of 16 episodes.  Developed for television by Frank Darabont, the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Scott M. Gimple, Greg Nicotero, Tom Luse, and Gale Anne Hurd, with Gimple as showrunner for his fifth and final season. The eighth season has received positive reviews from critics.

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: Several other recurring roles were announced as well, played by Brett Butler, John Finn, Rhys Coiro, Dan Fogler, and Zach McGowan. On October 6, 2018, the day before the season premiere, the showrunners affirmed Bernthal's return as Shane, as well as Sonequa Martin-Green and Scott Wilson returning to reprise their roles as Sasha Williams and Hershel Greene, respectively, at the New York Comic Con. Wilson died later that day due to leukemia; however, according to Comic Book, Wilson had filmed his scenes previously to be broadcast during the first half of the season. The ninth season also features the departures

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: promoted to series regulars. In late May, it was reported that the ninth season would be the final season for Andrew Lincoln, who plays lead character Rick Grimes. Lincoln said that as he lives in England and shooting a season takes six months or more, he believed it was time to leave the series to be able to spend more time with his growing children. However, he has expressed desire to direct an episode in future seasons for the series, and will shadow a director during the ninth season. Following the broadcast of Lincoln's last episode, AMC announced their plans

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 2)

text: sail in its sophomore season with an intriguing backdrop that doesn't always disguise its deficiencies in comparison to its predecessor." On Metacritic, the season has a score of 54 out of 100, based on 12 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". The second season, featuring audio commentaries, deleted scenes, actor interviews and various behind-the-scene featurettes, was released on Blu-ray and DVD on December 13, 2016. Fear the Walking Dead (season 2) The second season of "Fear the Walking Dead", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 10, 2016. The season is split into a seven-episode part and

title: The Walking Dead (season 9)

text: Hurd, with Kang taking over the role of showrunner from Gimple. Eighteen months after the defeat of Negan (Jeffrey Dean Morgan) under an alliance of communities spearheaded by Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln), the season focuses on the united communities as they face obstacles and dangers both outside and inside their alliance, with the threat of the mysterious Whisperers looming. The ninth season is the final season for lead actor Andrew Lincoln, who has portrayed Rick Grimes since the series' first season. Lauren Cohan, who portrayed Maggie Greene since the second season, only appeared in the first five episodes of this

title: The Walking Dead (season 8)

text: cast of the spin-off series "Fear the Walking Dead". <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The first trailer for the season was released on July 21, 2017 at the San Diego Comic-Con. The second trailer was released on February 1, 2018 for the second part of the season. On March 15, 2018, it was announced that the season finale and the fourth season premiere of "Fear the Walking Dead" would be screened at AMC, Regal, and Cinemark theaters across the United States on April 15, the same day as the TV airing, for "Survival Sunday: "The Walking Dead" & "Fear the Walking Dead"". The episodes

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 1)

text: announced as series regulars, both in unknown roles. Production of the pilot episode began in early 2015 and ended on February 6, 2015. The pilot episode was filmed in Los Angeles; the remaining first-season episodes were filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Production on the remaining five first-season episodes began on May 11, 2015. Adam Davidson, who directed the pilot, also directed the series' second and third episodes. The first season features eight actors receiving main cast billing status: <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On Rotten Tomatoes, the season has a rating of 78%, based on 61 reviews, whose average rating is 6.76/10. The

title: The Walking Dead (season 5)

text: or Special ("Strangers"), Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series ("Conquer"), Outstanding Special Visual Effects in a Supporting Role ("Conquer"), and Outstanding Stunt Coordination for a Drama Series, Limited Series, or Movie (Monty Simons). Additionally, the season was also nominated for Outstanding Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series at the 21st and 22nd Screen Actors Guild Awards for both halves of the season, respectively. Live +7 ratings were not available, so Live +3 ratings have been used instead. The first half of the season premiered on Fox International Channels on October 13, 2014. Episodes air a day later

title: The Walking Dead (season 8)

text: multiple awards and won two, including Best Horror Television Series for the third consecutive year, at the 44th Saturn Awards. This season adapts material from issues #115–126 of the comic book series "All Out War Part I & II" and introduces notable comic book character Siddiq (Avi Nash). The season continues the story of Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) and his group of survivors in their fight against Negan (Jeffrey Dean Morgan) and the Saviors. Rick, along with Maggie (Lauren Cohan), leading The Hilltop, and King Ezekiel (Khary Payton), leader of The Kingdom, unite forces to start a rebellion against the

title: A New Beginning (The Walking Dead)

text: 50% from the season 8 premiere. A New Beginning (The Walking Dead) "A New Beginning" is the ninth season premiere of the post-apocalyptic horror television series "The Walking Dead", which aired on AMC on October 7, 2018. It was written by showrunner Angela Kang and directed by executive producer Greg Nicotero. This episode marks the final appearance of Xander Berkeley (Gregory), who first appeared in the sixth season episode "Knots Untie". The episode was dedicated to Scott Wilson, the actor who played Hershel Greene during seasons 2-4, who died the day before the episode's first broadcast. Eighteen months have passed

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4)

text: The episodes marked the first crossover between the two series. The cinema screening also included an extra half-hour of exclusive bonus content. On Rotten Tomatoes, the fourth season has an approval rating of 82% based on 6 reviews, with an average rating of 7.0/10. TVLine reevaluated the series for its fourth season, giving it a "B+" grade. Reviewer Charlie Mason wrote, "it's gone from being an adequate stopgap between seasons of "The Walking Dead" to a show that's as good or arguably even better than the one from which it was spun off." He also praised the addition of Jenna

title: The Walking Dead (season 6)

text: The Walking Dead (season 6) The sixth season of "The Walking Dead", an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC, premiered on October 11, 2015, and concluded on April 3, 2016, consisting of 16 episodes. Developed for television by Frank Darabont, the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Scott M. Gimple, Greg Nicotero, Tom Luse, and Gale Anne Hurd, with Gimple as showrunner for the third consecutive season. The sixth season received positive reviews by critics. It was nominated for multiple

title: The Walking Dead (season 7)

text: The Walking Dead (season 7) The seventh season of "The Walking Dead", an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC, premiered on October 23, 2016, and concluded on April 2, 2017, consisting of 16 episodes. Developed for television by Frank Darabont, the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Scott M. Gimple, Greg Nicotero, Tom Luse, and Gale Anne Hurd, with Gimple as showrunner for the fourth consecutive season. The seventh season received mixed reviews from critics. It was nominated for multiple

title: The Walking Dead (TV series)

text: took over the role of showrunner from Scott M. Gimple, who was promoted to chief content officer for "The Walking Dead" franchise. The season starts with a timeskip of about a year and a half from Season 8, which coincides with the comic's narrative after the "All Out War" arc. Season nine is the final season on the show for actors Andrew Lincoln and Lauren Cohan. Executive producer David Alpert said in 2014 that the original comics have given them enough ideas for Rick Grimes and company over the next seven years. "I happen to love working from source material,

title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 3)

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the season has a rating of 80%, based on 9 reviews, whose average rating is 7.45/10. The third season, featuring audio commentaries and deleted scenes, was released on Blu-ray and DVD on March 13, 2018. Fear the Walking Dead (season 3) The third season of "Fear the Walking Dead", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on June 4, 2017 and consisted of 16 episodes. The season is split into two eight-episode parts, with the first half concluding on July 9, 2017; the second half premiered on September 10, 2017 and concluded on October 15, 2017.

title: The Walking Dead (season 6)

text: half of the season focuses on the group, still having trouble assimilating in the Alexandria Safe-Zone, leading the community through a series of crises, including luring the threat of a massive herd of walkers away from a nearby quarry, an attack by dangerous scavengers known as the Wolves and the invasion of a gargantuan swarm of walkers inside Alexandria. The second half of the season focuses on the group's discovery of a new survivor community—The Hilltop—who they make allies with and becoming adversaries of a vast organization of hostile survivors known as the Saviors. The sixth season features eighteen series

title: The Walking Dead (season 8)


question: where did the ancestors of the domestic goat originate

answers: Iran

title: Mountain goat

text: 7.5 to 8 million years ago. Given that all major caprine lineages emerged in the Late Miocene and contain at least one but usually several species from the eastern Himalayan region, their most likely place of origin is between today's Tibet and Mongolia or nearby. The mountain goat's ancestors thus probably crossed the Bering Strait after they split from their relatives, presumably before the Wisconsinian glaciation. Unfortunately, no Pliocene mountain goats have been identified yet; the known fossil record is fairly recent, entirely from North America, and barely differs from the living animals. In the Pleistocene, the small prehistoric mountain

title: Goat

text: Goat The domestic goat or simply goat ("Capra aegagrus hircus") is a subspecies of "C. aegagrus" domesticated from the wild goat of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the animal family Bovidae and the goat—antelope subfamily Caprinae, meaning it is closely related to the sheep. There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat. Goats are one of the oldest domesticated species of animal, and have been used for milk, meat, fur, and skins across much of the world. Milk from goats is often turned into goat cheese. Female goats are referred to as "does" or

title: Bezoar ibex

text: the goats constitute relict populations of very early domestic animals that were taken to the Mediterranean islands during the prehistoric period and now live as feral populations. The bezoar ibex, if not the sole progenitor of the modern domestic goat, is at least its main progenitor. The archaeological evidence traces goat domestication as far back as 10,500 years Before Present, and DNA evidence suggests 10,000 years BP. The bezoar ibex is known particularly for the size of its horns; they possess the world's longest horns in relation to body weight. Bezoars average about 60 kg (140 pounds) and their horns

title: Goat

text: are common in Australia. However, in other circumstances where predator pressure is maintained, they may be accommodated into some balance in the local food web. Goat The domestic goat or simply goat ("Capra aegagrus hircus") is a subspecies of "C. aegagrus" domesticated from the wild goat of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the animal family Bovidae and the goat—antelope subfamily Caprinae, meaning it is closely related to the sheep. There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat. Goats are one of the oldest domesticated species of animal, and have been used for milk, meat,

title: Goat

text: from Proto-Indo-European "*ǵʰaidos" meaning "young goat" (cf. Latin "haedus" "kid"), itself perhaps from a root meaning "jump" (assuming that Old Church Slavonic "zajęcǐ" "hare", Sanskrit "jihīte" "he moves" are related). To refer to the male, Old English used "bucca" (giving modern "buck") until ousted by "hegote", "hegoote" in the late 12th century. "Nanny goat" (females) originated in the 18th century and "billy goat" (for males) in the 19th. Goats are among the earliest animals domesticated by humans. The most recent genetic analysis confirms the archaeological evidence that the wild Bezoar ibex of the Zagros Mountains is the likely original ancestor

title: British Primitive goat

text: The ancestral goats were common to the Celtic and Germanic peoples of Northern Europe. It survived through the Bronze and Iron Ages, as it was hardy and self-sufficient in foraging in a rough, nutritionally poor environment, required little intervention from humans, and was good at evading predators. The British population of this livestock crossed cultural lines again later, during successive settlement by the Anglo-Saxons and by the Vikings. During the Medieval period it was the herding goat of the manor, and the basis of the Cheddar cheese industry. Until the late 18th century, there were at least one million British

title: Capra (genus)

text: Capra (genus) Capra is a genus of mammals, the goats, composed of up to nine species, including the wild goat, the markhor, and several species known as ibex. The domestic goat ("Capra aegagrus hircus") is a domesticated subspecies of the wild goat ("Capra aegagrus"). Evidence of goat domestication dates back more than 8,500 years. Wild goats are animals of mountain habitats. They are very agile and hardy, able to climb on bare rock and survive on sparse vegetation. They can be distinguished from the genus "Ovis", which includes sheep, by the presence of scent glands close to the feet, in

title: Markhor

text: Safed Koh range (Districts of Kurram and Khyber). Certain authors have postulated that the markhor is the ancestor of some breeds of domestic goat. The Angora goat has been regarded by some as a direct descendant of the Central Asian markhor. Charles Darwin postulated that modern goats arose from crossbreeding markhor with wild goats. Evidence for markhors crossbreeding with domestic goats has been found. One study suggested that 35.7% of captive markhors in the analysis (ranging from three different zoos) had mitochondrial DNA from domestic goats. Other authors have put forth the possibility of markhor being the ancestor of some

title: Wild goat

text: Wild goat The wild goat ("Capra aegagrus") is a widespread species of goat, with a distribution ranging from Europe and Asia Minor to Central Asia and the Middle East. It has been listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1996. It is considered the ancestor of the domestic goat. In the wild, goats live in herds of up to 500 individuals; males are solitary. Female goats go through a period called estrus, when they are ready to reproduce. Collectively for males and females, this means they are in a period of the breeding cycle called rut, which is

title: Caprinae

text: as the Miocene, when members of the group resembled the modern serow in their general body form. The group did not reach its greatest diversity until the recent ice ages, when many of its members became specialised for marginal, often extreme, environments: mountains, deserts, and the subarctic region. The ancestors of the modern sheep and goats (both rather vague and ill-defined terms) are thought to have moved into mountainous regions – sheep becoming specialised occupants of the foothills and nearby plains, and relying on flight and flocking for defence against predators, and goats adapting to very steep terrain where predators

title: Irish goat

text: Irish goat The Irish goat breed from Ireland is used for the production of meat and milk. Although this breed is not native to Ireland, domesticated goats have long been kept for milk, meat, and skin. In many parts of the region, feral populations have become established as a result of escapes or deliberate releases from captivity. Populations have persisted in remote and rugged areas to which the animal is ideally adapted. These goats are nimble-footed on crags and precipitous cliffs. They have a range of colours, but the coat is usually a mixture of grey, black, and brown. Both

title: Irish goat

text: sexes have horns, larger in the male than in the female. Irish goat The Irish goat breed from Ireland is used for the production of meat and milk. Although this breed is not native to Ireland, domesticated goats have long been kept for milk, meat, and skin. In many parts of the region, feral populations have become established as a result of escapes or deliberate releases from captivity. Populations have persisted in remote and rugged areas to which the animal is ideally adapted. These goats are nimble-footed on crags and precipitous cliffs. They have a range of colours, but the

title: Anachronisms in the Book of Mormon

text: on the Eurasian continent. Domesticated goats are believed to have been introduced on the American continent upon the arrival of the Europeans in the 15th century, 1000 years after the conclusion of the Book of Mormon, and nearly 2000 years after they are last mentioned in the Book of Mormon. The mountain goat is indigenous to North America and has been hunted, and the fleece used for clothing. However it has never been domesticated, and is known for being aggressive towards humans. Matthew Roper, a FARMS writer, discussed the topic of goats in his article, "Deer as 'Goat' and Pre-Columbian

title: Archaeology and the Book of Mormon

text: and 400 AD). In two of the verses, "goats" are distinguished from "wild goats", indicating that there were at least two varieties, one of them possibly domesticated. Domesticated goats are known to have been introduced on the American continent by Europeans in the 15th century, 1000 years after the conclusion of the Book of Mormon, and nearly 2000 years after goats are last mentioned in the Book of Mormon. The aggressive mountain goat is indigenous to North America. There is no evidence that it was ever domesticated. Mormon apologists argue the following to deal with this anachronism: The Book of

title: History of the domestic sheep

text: The history of the domesticated sheep goes back to between 11000 and 9000 BC, and the domestication of the wild mouflon in ancient Mesopotamia. Sheep are among the first animals to have been domesticated by humans, and there is evidence of sheep farming in Iranian statuary dating to that time period. These sheep were primarily raised for meat, milk, and skins. Woolly sheep began to be developed around 6000 BC in Iran, and cultures such as the Persians relied on sheep's wool for trading.  They were then imported to Africa and Europe via trading.

title: Bovidae

text: thousand years ago, while cattle were domesticated about 7.5 thousand years ago. The domestication of bovids has contributed in shifting the dependence of human beings from hunting and gathering to agriculture. The Bovidae include three of the five domesticated mammals whose use has spread outside their original ranges, namely cattle, sheep, and goats; all are from Eurasia, and are now found across the world. The other two species are the horse and pig. Other large bovids that have been domesticated but which remain within the ranges of their wild ancestors are the water buffalo (from the Indian water buffalo), domestic

title: Wild goat

text: cause serious environmental problems. Wild goat The wild goat ("Capra aegagrus") is a widespread species of goat, with a distribution ranging from Europe and Asia Minor to Central Asia and the Middle East. It has been listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1996. It is considered the ancestor of the domestic goat. In the wild, goats live in herds of up to 500 individuals; males are solitary. Female goats go through a period called estrus, when they are ready to reproduce. Collectively for males and females, this means they are in a period of the breeding cycle

title: Domestication of animals

text: goats, pigs, and cows in the Fertile Crescent starting 11,700 YBP. A recent demographic and metrical study of cow and pig remains at Sha’ar Hagolan, Israel, demonstrated that both species were severely overhunted before domestication, suggesting that the intensive exploitation led to management strategies adopted throughout the region that ultimately led to the domestication of these populations following the prey pathway. This pattern of overhunting before domestication suggests that the prey pathway was as accidental and unintentional as the commensal pathway. The directed pathway was a more deliberate and directed process initiated by humans with the goal of domesticating a

title: Mountain goat

text: goat "Oreamnos harringtoni" lived in the southern Rocky Mountains. Ancient DNA studies suggest that this was the sister species of the living mountain goat, not its ancestor; consequently, the living species would also date back to the Pleistocene at least. The mountain goat is the only living species in the genus "Oreamnos". The name "Oreamnos" is derived from the Greek term "oros" (stem "ore-") "mountain" (or, alternatively, "oreas" "mountain nymph") and the word "amnos" "lamb". Both billy (male) and nanny (female) mountain goats have beards, short tails, and long black horns, in length, which contain yearly growth rings. They are

title: Kri-kri

text: Rather, it is a feral domestic goat, derived from the first stocks of goats domesticated in the Levant and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean around 8000-7500 BCE. Therefore, it represents a nearly ten-thousand-year-old "snapshot" of the first domestication of goats. In any case, the kri-kri is an emblem of Crete and has immense cultural significance there. Legally however, endangered species legislation would likely not apply (as this does not cover feral populations), but similar cases elsewhere have been covered under cultural heritage protection laws. Kri-kri The kri-kri ("Capra aegagrus cretica"), sometimes called the Cretan goat, Agrimi, or Cretan Ibex,

title: British Primitive goat

text: intervention. The British primitive goat encompasses what were previously considered four interbreeding landrace varieties: Their characteristics were similar enough to classify them together, though some sources have treated them separately, such as the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, which considers some of these strains extinct. The British primitive goat descends from goats introduced around 5,000 years ago, along with some sheep and cattle, to the British Isles by the first farmers in the Neolithic period, the era of Stonehenge. A small, all-weather animal, it provided these subsistence pastoralists some milk, and was invaluable for its meat, skin, hair and tallow.

title: Markhor

text: Egyptian goat breeds, due to their similar horns, though the lack of an anterior keel on the horns of the markhor belies any close relationship. The Changthangi domestic goat of Ladakh and Tibet may derive from the markhor. The Girgentana goat of Sicily is thought to have been bred from markhor, as is the Bilberry goat of Ireland. The Kashmiri feral herd of about 200 individuals on the Great Orme limestone headland of Wales are derived from a herd maintained at Windsor Great Park belonging to Queen Victoria. Fecal samples taken from markhor and domestic goats indicate that there is

title: Goat farming

text: Goat farming Goat farming is the raising and breeding of domestic goats ("Capra aegagrus hircus"). It is a branch of animal husbandry. Goats are raised principally for their meat, milk, fibre and skin. Goat farming can be very suited to production with other livestock such as sheep and cattle on low-quality grazing land. Goats efficiently convert sub-quality grazing matter that is less desirable for other livestock into quality lean meat. Furthermore, goats can be farmed with a relatively small area of pasture and limited resources. As with other herbivores, the number of animals that a goat farmer can raise and

title: Goat

text: to make spoons. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the top producers of goat milk in 2008 were India (4 million metric tons), Bangladesh (2.16 million metric tons) and the Sudan (1.47 million metric tons). Husbandry, or animal care and use, varies by region and culture. The particular housing used for goats depends not only on the intended use of the goat, but also on the region of the world where they are raised. Historically, domestic goats were generally kept in herds that wandered on hills or other grazing areas, often tended by goatherds who were frequently children

title: Myotragus

text: Myotragus Myotragus balearicus (Greek-derived Neo-Latin: μῦς and τράγος and Βαλεαρίδες "Balearian mouse-goat"), also known as the Balearic Islands cave goat, was a species of the subfamily Caprinae which lived on the islands of Majorca and Menorca until its extinction around 5,000 years ago. This animal was previously described as an 'odd goat,' but since the genetic analyses done at the University of Pompeu Fabra of Barcelona, it seems that "Myotragus" was more closely related to sheep than to goats. Its eyes were not directed towards the sides, as are those of nearly all the herbivorous mammals, but towards the front

title: Anachronisms in the Book of Mormon

text: goats, llamas, or other American species. According to the Book of Mormon, "cattle" could be found in ancient America. Without these, the Nephites could not have kept the Law of Moses, as directed. However, no species of bison is known to have been domesticated. "Goats" are mentioned three times in the Book of Mormon placing them among the Nephites and the Jaredites. In two of the verses, "goats" are distinguished from "wild goats" indicating that there were at least two varieties, one of them possibly domesticated. Domesticated goats are not native to the Americas, having been domesticated in pre-historic times

title: History of genetic engineering

text: evidence dating to about 12,000 BC. Other carnivores domesticated in prehistoric times include the cat, which cohabited with human 9,500 years ago. Archeological evidence suggests sheep, cattle, pigs and goats were domesticated between 9 000 BC and 8 000 BC in the Fertile Crescent. The first evidence of plant domestication comes from emmer and einkorn wheat found in pre-Pottery Neolithic A villages in Southwest Asia dated about 10,500 to 10,100 BC. The Fertile Crescent of Western Asia, Egypt, and India were sites of the earliest planned sowing and harvesting of plants that had previously been gathered in the wild. Independent

title: Anglo-Nubian goat

text: Anglo-Nubian goat The Anglo-Nubian is a British breed of domestic goat. It originated in nineteenth century from cross-breeding between native British goats and a mixed population of large lop-eared goats imported from India, the Middle East and North Africa. Its distinguishing characteristics include large, pendulous ears and a "Roman" nose. Due to their Middle-Eastern heritage, Anglo-Nubians can live in very hot climates and have a longer breeding season than other dairy goats. It has been exported to many parts of the world, and is found in more than sixty countries. In many of them it is known simply as the

title: Candiacervus

text: these species occupied a niche close to that of the wild goat of Crete today: barren rocks with thorny bushes, as shown by features of their osteology and goat-like body proportions. It deviated so much from mainland deer that it is impossible to indicate with certainty its ancestor. Suggested ancestors are "Pseudodama peloponnesiacus" and "Praemegaceros verticornis". The fauna of which "Candiacervus" is an element is called Biozone II, or the "Mus" Zone (after the common mouse). This fauna inhabited Crete between the late Middle and Late Pleistocene, which means between 0.3 and 0.01 million years ago. The typical fauna elements

title: British Primitive goat

text: primitives in Scotland and Northern England, and half a million in Ireland. It was the only variety of goat established in the British Isles up until that era. The native goat became less and less popular as agricultural practices shifted, because of their small size, coarse hair, and large horns. By the time of the 1870s resurgence in goat-keeping, foreign hornless breeds from India, the Middle East, and Switzerland began to dominate, with shorter, smoother coats, and greater milk production, forming the basis of the modern, standardised breeds of the British Isles. The primitive variety would have become extinct in

title: History of the domestic sheep


question: when does the implantation of the embryo occur

answers: around 9 days after ovulation

title: Fertilisation

text: Upon gastrulation, which occurs around 16 days after fertilisation, the implanted blastocyst develops three germ layers, the endoderm, the ectoderm and the mesoderm, and the genetic code of the father becomes fully involved in the development of the embryo; later twinning is impossible. Additionally, interspecies hybrids survive only until gastrulation and cannot further develop. However, some human developmental biology literature refers to the "conceptus" and such medical literature refers to the "products of conception" as the post-implantation embryo and its surrounding membranes. The term "conception" is not usually used in scientific literature because of its variable definition and connotation. Insects

title: Prenatal development

text: give rise to extra-embryonic structures, such as the placenta and the membranes. The embryo becomes embedded in the endometrium in a process called implantation. In most successful pregnancies, the embryo implants 8 to 10 days after ovulation. The embryo, the extra-embryonic membranes, and the placenta are collectively referred to as a conceptus, or the "products of conception". Rapid growth occurs and the embryo's main features begin to take form. This process is called differentiation, which produces the varied cell types (such as blood cells, kidney cells, and nerve cells). A spontaneous abortion, or miscarriage, in the first trimester of pregnancy

title: Implantation (human embryo)

text: The implantation window occurs around 6 days after the peak in luteinizing hormone levels. With some disparity between sources, it has been stated to occur from 7 days after ovulation until 9 days after ovulation, or days 6-10 postovulation. On average, it occurs during the 20th to the 23rd day after the last menstrual period. The implantation window is characterized by changes to the endometrium cells, which aid in the absorption of the uterine fluid. These changes are collectively known as the plasma membrane transformation and bring the blastocyst nearer to the endometrium and immobilize it. During this stage the

title: In vitro fertilisation

text: of embryo culture are until cleavage stage (day two to four after co-incubation) or the blastocyst stage (day five or six after co-incubation). Embryo culture until the blastocyst stage confers a significant increase in live birth rate per embryo transfer, but also confers a decreased number of embryos available for transfer and embryo cryopreservation, so the cumulative clinical pregnancy rates are increased with cleavage stage transfer. Transfer day two instead of day three after fertilisation has no differences in live birth rate. There are significantly higher odds of preterm birth (odds ratio 1.3) and congenital anomalies (odds ratio 1.3) among

title: Repeated implantation failure

text: Repeated implantation failure Repeated Implantation failure (RIF) is the failure of the embryo to implant onto the side of the uterus wall following IVF treatment. Regularly, this happens at 6-7 days after conception and involves the embedding of the growing embryo into the mothers uterus and a connection being formed . A successful implantation can be determined by using an ultrasound to view the sac which the baby grows in, inside the uterus. However, the exact definition of RIF is debated. Recently the most commonly accepted definition is when a women under 40 has gone through 3 unsuccessful cycles of

title: Human embryogenesis

text: of development; at the beginning of the ninth week the embryo is termed a fetus. Human embryology is the study of this development during the first eight weeks after fertilisation. The normal period of gestation (pregnancy) is nine months or 38 weeks. The germinal stage refers to the time from fertilization through the development of the early embryo until implantation is completed in the uterus. The germinal stage takes around 10 days. During this stage, the zygote begins to divide, in a process called cleavage. A blastocyst is then formed and implanted in the uterus. Embryogenesis continues with the next

title: Zygote

text: the zygote's chromosome number temporarily 4n diploid. After approximately 30 hours from the time of fertilization, fusion of the pronuclei and immediate mitotic division produce two 2n diploid daughter cells called blastomeres. Between the stages of fertilization and implantation, the developing human is a "preimplantation conceptus". There is some dispute about whether this conceptus should no longer be referred to as an embryo, but should now be referred to as an proembryo, which is terminology that traditionally has been used to refer to plant life. Some ethicist and legal scholars make the argument that it is incorrect to call the

title: Development of the human body

text: development of the early embryo until implantation is completed in the uterus. The germinal stage takes around 10 days. During this stage, the zygote begins to divide, in a process called cleavage. A blastocyst is then formed and implanted in the uterus. Embryogenesis continues with the next stage of gastrulation, when the three germ layers of the embryo form in a process called histogenesis, and the processes of neurulation and organogenesis follow. In comparison to the embryo, the fetus has more recognizable external features and a more complete set of developing organs. The entire process of embryogenesis involves coordinated spatial

title: Pregnancy

text: continues at a rapid rate and the cells then develop into what is known as a blastocyst. The blastocyst arrives at the uterus and attaches to the uterine wall, a process known as implantation. The development of the mass of cells that will become the infant is called embryogenesis during the first approximately ten weeks of gestation. During this time, cells begin to differentiate into the various body systems. The basic outlines of the organ, body, and nervous systems are established. By the end of the embryonic stage, the beginnings of features such as fingers, eyes, mouth, and ears become

title: Fertilisation

text: upon entering the uterus, implants in the endometrium, beginning pregnancy. Embryonic implantation not in the uterine wall results in an ectopic pregnancy that can kill the mother. In such animals as rabbits, coitus induces ovulation by stimulating the release of the pituitary hormone gonadotropin; this release greatly increases the likelihood of pregnancy. The term "conception" commonly refers to fertilisation, which is the successful fusion of gametes to form a new organism. Its use 'conception' by some to refer to implantation makes it a subject of semantic arguments about the beginning of pregnancy, typically in the context of the abortion debate.

title: Blastocyst

text: is implanted five to six days after the eggs have been fertilized. After five or six days it is much easier to determine which embryos will result in healthy live births. Knowing which embryos will succeed allows just one blastocyst to be implanted, cutting down dramatically on the health risk and expense of multiple births. Now that the nutrient requirements for embryonic and blastocyst development have been determined, it is much easier to give embryos the correct nutrients to sustain them into the blastocyst phase. Blastocyst implantation through "in vitro" fertilization is a painless procedure in which a catheter is

title: Pregnancy rate

text: years, 30% at 35 to 37 years, 22% at 38 to 40 years, and 12% at 41 to 42 years. Successful implantation of the zygote into the uterus is most likely 8 to 10 days after conception. If the zygote has not implanted by day 10, implantation becomes increasingly unlikely in subsequent days. Live birth rate is the percentage of all cycles that lead to live birth, and is the pregnancy rate adjusted for miscarriages and stillbirths. For instance, in 2007, Canadian clinics reported a live birth rate of 27% with in vitro fertilisation. There is a substantial connection between

title: Blastocyst

text: vivo" fertilization for fertilizing an egg with sperm and implanting that embryo into a female’s womb. For many years the embryo was inserted into the uterus two to three days after fertilization. However at this stage of development it is very difficult to predict which embryos will develop best, and several embryos were typically implanted. Several implanted embryos increased the likelihood of a developing fetus but also led to the development of multiple fetuses. This was a major problem and drawback for using embryos to IVF. A recent breakthrough for "in vitro" fertilization is the use of blastocysts. A blastocyst

title: Blastocyst

text: use of blastocysts in "in vitro" fertilization (IVF) involves culturing a fertilized egg for five days before implanting it into the uterus. It can be a more viable method of fertility treatment than traditional IVF. The inner cell mass of blastocysts is the source of embryonic stem cells. During human embryogenesis, approximately 5–6 days after fertilization, the cells of the morula begin to undergo cell differentiation, and the morula changes into the blastocyst. In the uterus the zona pellucida surrounding the blastocyst breaks down, allowing it to implant into the uterine wall approximately 6 days after fertilization. Implantation marks the

title: Implantation (human embryo)

text: In humans, implantation of a fertilized ovum is most likely to occur around 9 days after ovulation, however this can range between 6 and 12 days.

title: In vitro fertilisation

text: the pre-embryos (8-cell stage), or preferably from a blastocyst. These cells are then evaluated for normality. Typically within one to two days, following completion of the evaluation, only the normal pre-embryos are transferred back to the woman's uterus. Alternatively, a blastocyst can be cryopreserved via vitrification and transferred at a later date to the uterus. In addition, PGS can significantly reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies because fewer embryos, ideally just one, are needed for implantation. Cryopreservation can be performed as oocyte cryopreservation before fertilisation, or as embryo cryopreservation after fertilisation. The Rand Consulting Group has estimated there to be

title: Proembryo

text: and implantation, and is known too as a proembryo although this is not term which has been adopted by the scientific community. A conceptus between fertilization and implantation is also frequently classified as an embryo. Even after implantation begins, a preembryo (and proembryo) may exist up until formation of the primitive streak. Implantation begins at about six days after fertilization, and lasts for about a week, during which time formation of the primitive streak occurs. Use of the terms preembryo and proembryo, in the context of human development, has drawn criticism from opponents of embryo research, and from scientists who

title: Embryo transfer

text: Embryo transfer can be performed after various durations of embryo culture, conferring different stages in embryogenesis. The main stages at which embryo transfer is performed are cleavage stage (day 2 to 4 after co-incubation) or the blastocyst stage (day 5 or 6 after co-incubation). Embryos who reach the day 3 cell stage can be tested for chromosomal or specific genetic defects prior to possible transfer by preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Transferring at the blastocyst stage confers a significant increase in live birth rate per transfer, but also confers a decreased number of embryos available for transfer and embryo cryopreservation, so

title: In vitro fertilisation

text: or where they are preserved by oocyte cryopreservation or embryo cryopreservation until a carrier is found for them. Typically the process of matching the embryo(s) with the prospective parents is conducted by the agency itself, at which time the clinic transfers ownership of the embryos to the prospective parents. In the United States, women seeking to be an embryo recipient undergo infectious disease screening required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and reproductive tests to determine the best placement location and cycle timing before the actual Embryo Transfer occurs. The amount of screening the embryo has already undergone

title: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

text: genetic diagnosis (PGD). In PGD, the egg is fertilized outside the women's body in a petri dish (IVF). On the 3rd day, when the embryo has developed from one cell to about 4 to 6 cells, one of those cells is removed from the embryo without harming the embryo. The embryo continues to grow until day 5 when it is either frozen or implanted into the mother. Meanwhile, the removed cell is analyzed to determine if the embryo has CAH. If the embryo is determined to have CAH, the parents may make a decision as to whether they wish to

title: Horse breeding

text: days of pregnancy, the conceptus is mobile, moving about in the uterus until about day 16 when "fixation" occurs. Shortly after fixation, the embryo proper (so called up to about 35 days) will become visible on trans-rectal ultrasound (about day 21) and a heartbeat should be visible by about day 23. After the formation of the endometrial cups and early placentation is initiated (35–40 days of gestation) the terminology changes, and the embryo is referred to as a fetus. True implantation – invasion into the endometrium of any sort – does not occur until about day 35 of pregnancy with

title: Development of the human body

text: and later fetus develops during gestation. Prenatal development starts with fertilization, the first stage in embryogenesis which continues in fetal development until birth. Fertilization occurs when the sperm successfully enters the ovum's membrane. The chromosomes of the sperm combine with those of the egg to form a single cell, called a zygote, and the germinal stage of embryogenesis commences. The germinal stage refers to the time from fertilization, through the development of the early embryo, up until implantation. The germinal stage is over at about 10 days of gestation. The zygote contains a full complement of genetic material and develops

title: Development of the human body

text: of the embryo that occurs during the early stages of development. In biological terms, human development entails growth from a one-celled zygote to an adult human being. Fertilisation occurs when the sperm cell successfully enters and fuses with an egg cell (ovum). The genetic material of the sperm and egg then combine to form a single cell called a zygote and the germinal stage of prenatal development commences. Embryogenesis covers the first eight weeks of development; at the beginning of the ninth week the embryo is termed a fetus. The germinal stage refers to the time from fertilization through the

title: Beginning of pregnancy controversy

text: and Gynecologists (ACOG) adopted Boving’s definition: "conception is the implantation of a fertilized ovum." The 1965 ACOG definition was imprecise because, by the time it implants, the embryo is called a blastocyst, so it was clarified in 1972 to "Conception is the implantation of the blastocyst." Some dictionaries continue to use the definition of conception as the formation of a viable zygote. Birth control methods usually prevent fertilization. This cannot be seen as abortifacient because, by any of the above definitions, pregnancy has not started. However, some methods might have a secondary effect of preventing implantation, thus allowing the proembryo

title: Prenatal development

text: of the egg by the sperm) and continues until the end of the 10th week of gestation (8th week by embryonic age). The period of two weeks from fertilization is also referred to as the germinal stage. The embryo spends the next few days traveling down the Fallopian tube. It starts out as a single cell zygote and then divides several times to form a ball of cells called a morula. Further cellular division is accompanied by the formation of a small cavity between the cells. This stage is called a blastocyst. Up to this point there is no growth

title: Embryonic diapause

text: Embryonic diapause Delayed implantation or embryonic diapause is a reproductive strategy used by approximately 100 different mammals in seven or eight different orders. In embryonic diapause, the embryo (blastocyst) does not immediately implant in the uterus after sexual reproduction has created the zygote, but is maintained in a state of dormancy. Little to no development takes place while the embryo remains unattached to the uterine wall. As a result, the normal gestation period is extended for a species-specific time. While much of the molecular regulation involved in activating dormant blastocysts has been characterized, little is still known about entry into

title: Pregnancy rate

text: zero in one cycle, where no oocytes become fertilized, is termed a "total fertilization failure". Repeated ICSI treatment may be useful or necessary in couples with total fertilization failure. Implantation rate is the percentage of embryos which successfully undergo implantation compared to the number of embryos transferred in a given period. In practice, it is generally calculated as the number of intrauterine gestational sacs observed by transvaginal ultrasonography divided by the number of transferred embryos. As an example, one center in the United States reported an implantation rate in IVF of 37% at a maternal age of less than 35

title: Implantation (human embryo)

text: of approximately 5 to 7 days, which corresponds well with the time of implantation. They only persist for 2 to 3 days. The development of them is enhanced by progesterone but inhibited by estrogens. Pinopodes endocytose uterine fluid and macromolecules in it. By doing so, the volume of the uterus decreases, taking the walls closer to the embryoblast floating in it. Thus, the period of active pinocytes might also limit the implantation window. Pinopodes continue to absorb fluid, and removes most of it during the early stages of implantation. Not only the lining of the uterus transforms, but in addition,

title: Embryo transfer

text: undeveloped in relation to the status of the present Luteinizing Hormone. In a stimulated or a cycle where a "frozen" embryo is transferred, the recipient woman could be given first estrogen preparations (about 2 weeks), then a combination of oestrogen and progesterone so that the lining becomes receptive for the embryo. The time of receptivity is the implantation window. A scientific review in 2013 came to the conclusion that it is not possible to identify one method of endometrium preparation in frozen embryo transfer as being more effective than another. Limited evidence also supports removal of cervical mucus before transfer.

title: Repeated implantation failure

text: that 2/3 of embryos produced will have unbalanced translocations within their DNA if fertilised by sperm with a balanced translocation too. Translocation mutations can occur at any point during fertilization or even the first meiotic division that the oocyte undergoes during foetal life. The female egg (oocyte) is surrounded by a layer of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. Once fertilisation has occurred, this layer will harden to prevent further sperm entering and maintain the shape of the fertilized egg (zygote) as it divides to form a blastocyst (Figure 2). Once the inner cell mass - the group of cells within

title: Implantation (human embryo)


question: where is the world cup being held 2018

answers: Russia

title: 2018 CONIFA World Football Cup

text: a stadium in each of two cities. The expansion from twelve to sixteen participants in 2018 saw a significant expansion in the number of venues used, with a total of ten selected in four separate towns and cities - of these, seven were located in Greater London itself, two were in the towns of Slough and Bracknell in Berkshire, and one in the borough of Thurrock in Essex. The process of qualification for the World Football Cup was originally laid out in a set of criteria published by CONIFA at its 2017 annual general meeting, which goes into the various

title: Sport in India

text: However, it is European football, such as the English Premier League, Spanish La Liga, and the UEFA Champions League, which are very popular among Indian football fans, especially in metropolitan cities. The 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup will be the 17th tournament of the FIFA U-17 World Cup. FIFA revealed on 5 December 2013 (as part of their Executive Committee meets in Salvador, Brazil), that India will be the host. This will be the first time India will host an international football competition at world level. To help increase interest in youth football in advance of the 2017 U-17 World

title: 2021 Women's Rugby World Cup

text: the end of 2020. 2021 Women's Rugby World Cup The 2021 Women’s Rugby World Cup is scheduled to be the ninth Women's Rugby World Cup to be held in New Zealand. This will be the first time ever held in the southern hemisphere. The eighth World Cup was played in 2017 in Dublin and Belfast setting record attendances and viewership numbers. In May 2018, it was announced that the format of the world cup would be changing for the 2021 World Cup with classification matches being replaced with quarter finals. The schedule for World Rugby to select a host country

title: Women's Hockey World Cup

text: World Cups have featured 12 nations. The World Cup will expand to 16 teams again in 2018, and the FIH will evaluate the possibility of increasing it to 24 in 2022. The 2018 tournament was held in London, England from 21 of July to 5 August, with Netherlands winning a second consecutive title and a record eighth title after beating Ireland 6–0 in the final. Argentina, Germany and the Netherlands are the only teams to have competed at each World Cup; 28 teams have competed in at least one World Cup. Women's Hockey World Cup The Women's Hockey World Cup

title: Australia 2022 FIFA World Cup bid

text: Australia 2022 FIFA World Cup bid Australia submitted an unsuccessful bid for the 2022 FIFA World Cup. On 2 December 2010 FIFA announced that the event would be held in Qatar. Australia also lodged a bid for the 2018 World Cup, but withdrew the bid on 10 June 2010. The 2018 and 2022 World Cups will be the 21st and 22nd editions of the FIFA World Cup. The bidding procedure to host both the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup began in January 2009, and national associations had until 2 February 2009 to register their interest. The bid was presented

title: 2018 Deaf T20 World Cup

text: of the event. Teri Gram cricket ground in Gurugram was the only venue allocated to host the Deaf T20 World Cup. Star Sports, the Premier 24 hour Indian sport network was awarded the rights as the title sponsor for the Deaf T20 World Cup. 2018 Deaf T20 World Cup The 2018 Deaf T20 World Cup was the second Deaf Cricket World Cup tournament, and was held from 23-30 November 2018 for 8 days in India and all of the scheduled matches were held in the city of Gurugram. In the final, Sri Lanka defeated hosts and defending champions India by

title: FIFA World Cup hosts

text: geographically to host the World Cup. Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time a World Cup will be held in the Arab World and the second time in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. Also, the decision made it the smallest country geographically to host the World Cup. Bids: Under FIFA rules as of 2016, the 2026 Cup could not be in either Europe (UEFA) or Asia (AFC), leaving an African (CAF) bid, a North American (CONCACAF) bid, a South American (CONMEBOL) bid or an Oceanian (OFC) bid

title: 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids

text: 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids The bidding process for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups was the process by which the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) selected locations for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups. The process began officially in March 2009; eleven bids from thirteen countries were received, including one which was withdrawn and one that was rejected before FIFA's executive committee voted in November 2010. Two of the remaining nine bids applied only to the 2022 World Cup, while the rest were initially applications for both. Over the course of the bidding, all

title: Morocco at the FIFA World Cup

text: 2018.. Their best performance was in 1986, where they reached the round of 16. Morocco at the FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the men's national teams of the members of "Fédération Internationale de Football Association" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946, due to World War II. The tournament consists of two

title: 2019 Cricket World Cup

text: day. 2019 Cricket World Cup The 2019 Cricket World Cup (officially ICC Cricket World Cup 2019) is the 12th edition of the Cricket World Cup, scheduled to be hosted by England and Wales, from 30 May to 14 July 2019. The hosting rights were awarded in April 2006, after England and Wales withdrew from the bidding to host the 2015 ICC Cricket World Cup, which was held in Australia and New Zealand. The first match will be played at The Oval while the final will be played at Lord's. It is the fifth time that the Cricket World Cup will

title: Rugby League World Cup

text: defeating New Zealand in the final by a score of 34–2. The final attendance became the record international rugby league attendance at 74,468. Following the 2013 tournament, it was decided that the world cup would be scheduled to take place every four years, 2017 Rugby League World Cup taking place in Australia, New Zealand and for the first time in Papua New Guinea. While Australia would claim the title once again and for an eleventh time, the tournament was considered highly successful in terms of competitiveness. The tournament would see Tonga beat New Zealand in the group stages with a

title: 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids

text: and Qatari bid teams did try to trade votes, "but it didn't work". 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids The bidding process for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups was the process by which the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) selected locations for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups. The process began officially in March 2009; eleven bids from thirteen countries were received, including one which was withdrawn and one that was rejected before FIFA's executive committee voted in November 2010. Two of the remaining nine bids applied only to the 2022 World Cup, while the

title: 2017 Festival of World Cups

text: 2017 Festival of World Cups The 2017 Festival of World Cups was a series of rugby league World Cups that were held in Sydney, Australia during July 2017. As part of the festival, there was University World Cup and a Defence Force World Cup. A wheelchair rugby league World Cup was also held in France. The festival is part of the buildup to the 2017 Women's Rugby League World Cup and the men's 2017 Rugby League World Cup which was held in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea at the end of 2017. The Universities World Cup was won

title: 2021 Women's Rugby World Cup

text: 2021 Women's Rugby World Cup The 2021 Women’s Rugby World Cup is scheduled to be the ninth Women's Rugby World Cup to be held in New Zealand. This will be the first time ever held in the southern hemisphere. The eighth World Cup was played in 2017 in Dublin and Belfast setting record attendances and viewership numbers. In May 2018, it was announced that the format of the world cup would be changing for the 2021 World Cup with classification matches being replaced with quarter finals. The schedule for World Rugby to select a host country is: New Zealand will

title: 2018 FIFA World Cup

text: The 2018 FIFA World Cup will be the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010. This will be the first World Cup held in Europe since the 2006 tournament in Germany; all but one of the stadium venues are in European Russia, west of the Ural Mountains, to keep travel time manageable.

title: 2022 FIFA World Cup

text: area is Switzerland, host of the 1954 FIFA World Cup, which is more than three times as large as Qatar and only needed to host 16 teams instead of the current 32. On 12 April 2018, CONMEBOL requested that FIFA expand the 2022 FIFA World Cup from 32 to 48 teams, four years before the 2026 FIFA World Cup as initially planned. FIFA President Gianni Infantino expressed willingness to consider the request. However, the FIFA congress rejected the request shortly before the beginning of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Infantino said the global football governing body would not discuss the

title: 2018 World Cup of Golf

text: 2018 World Cup of Golf The 2018 World Cup of Golf (known as the 2018 ISPS Handa Melbourne World Cup of Golf for sponsorship reasons) is a golf tournament that was played from 22–25 November at Metropolitan Golf Club in South Oakleigh, Australia. It was the 59th World Cup. The format is 72-hole stroke play; the first and third days were four-ball (best ball), and the second and fourth days were foursomes (alternate shot) play. The Belgian pair of Thomas Pieters and Thomas Detry won with a score of 265, 23-under-par. Australia and Mexico tied for second place, three strokes

title: 2018 Homeless World Cup

text: 2018 Homeless World Cup The 2018 Homeless World Cup is the 16th edition of the Homeless World Cup, will take place in Mexico City’s iconic Zocalo, right at the heart of the Mexican capital, from November 13-18. More than 500 players representing 47 countries will travel to Mexico City to attend the inspiring week-long festival of football, in what is promised to be one of the most spectacular Homeless World Cup tournaments yet. This is the second time Mexico hosting the game after successfull 2012 edition. In the spirit of the 50th anniversary of the Mexico 1968 Summer Olympic Games,

title: 2022 FIFA World Cup

text: venue, Yekaterinburg). In addition the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament. The reigning World Cup champions are France. This will also mark the first World Cup not to be held in May, June, or July; the tournament is instead scheduled for late November until mid-December. It is to be played in a reduced timeframe of around 28 days, with the final being held on 18 December 2022, which is also Qatar National Day. Accusations of corruption have been made relating to how Qatar won the right

title: 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids

text: worlds. The bid launched an advertising campaign across the nation in November 2009. Some concerns with Qatar's bid deal with the extreme temperatures. The World Cup is always held in the European off-season in June and July and during this period the average daytime high in most of Qatar is in excess of 40 °C (104 °F), with the average daily low temperatures not dropping below 30 °C (86 °F). Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, the 2022 Qatar bid chairman, responded saying "the event has to be organised in June or July. We will have to take the

title: 2027 Rugby World Cup

text: 2023, the fact that three consecutive World Cups (2015, 2019, and 2023) will have occurred in the northern hemisphere makes the southern hemisphere countries — particularly Australia, South Africa, and Argentina — considered the favourites. The Buenos Aires government announced on 5 October 2016 that Argentina would bid for the 2027 Rugby World Cup, despite being 11 years out from the tournament. Despite never hosting the tournament before, World Rugby chairman Bill Beaumont pledged that he would back the right of countries such as Argentina to bid for the event. Argentina is the only country to reach the World Cup

title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: Cup cannot be held in Asia (AFC), as its members are excluded from the bidding following the selection of Qatar in 2022, and in North America (CONCACAF), where the 2026 edition in Canada, Mexico and the United States will be hosted. The joint bid by Argentina and Uruguay was announced on 29 July 2017. Before a match between Uruguay and Argentina in Montevideo four weeks later, Uruguay's Luis Suárez and Argentina's Lionel Messi – teammates at FC Barcelona – promoted the bid with commemorative shirts. On 31 August 2017, it was suggested Paraguay would join as a third host. CONMEBOL,

title: FIFA World Cup qualification

text: in 2010, despite playing in the qualifying matches. At Brazil 2014, 2010 champions Spain finished third in their group and failed to advance to the Round of 16, despite having qualified as first in their group. FIFA decides beforehand the number of spots awarded to each of the continental zones. For the 2018 World Cup, the following numbers were used: The number of berths allocated per continent is widely debated, with the main point of contention being the extent to which berths should be allocated to regions based on sheer population vs. talent. A historically weaker continent, Africa has called

title: 2026 FIFA World Cup bids

text: tournament in South Africa; the second Arab and Muslim-majority country, after the 2022 tournament in Qatar; and the first time in North Africa. Following rumors on each nation bidding individually, the three nations announced on 10 April 2017 a bid to host the World Cup jointly. Canada and Mexico would host 10 games each, while the United States would host the remaining 60 games, including all remaining matches from the quarterfinals onward. It will be the first FIFA World Cup held in three countries, the first men's World Cup held in Canada (the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup was held

title: 2018 FIFA World Cup

text: procedure to host the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup tournaments began in January 2009, and national associations had until 2 February 2009 to register their interest. Initially, nine countries placed bids for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, but Mexico later withdrew from proceedings, and Indonesia's bid was rejected by FIFA in February 2010 after the Indonesian government failed to submit a letter to support the bid. During the bidding process, the three remaining non-UEFA nations (Australia, Japan, and the United States) gradually withdrew from the 2018 bids, and the UEFA nations were thus ruled out of the 2022 bid.

title: Homeless World Cup

text: Cape Town, Melbourne, Milan, Rio de Janeiro, Paris, Mexico City, Poznań, Santiago, Amsterdam and Glasgow. The international headquarters of the Homeless World Cup is in Edinburgh, Scotland. The fifteenth edition of the Homeless World Cup took place in Oslo, Norway in 2017. The 2016 champions are Mexico, who won in Glasgow. The Homeless World Cup organization operates through a network of more than 70 national partners around the world, supporting football programs and social enterprise development. Since 2015 the tournament has been played on synthetic turf fields from Act Global. Players must meet all of the following criteria: Also, must

title: 2023 Cricket World Cup

text: 2023 Cricket World Cup The 2023 Cricket World Cup (officially ICC Cricket World Cup 2023) will be the 13th edition of the Cricket World Cup, scheduled to be hosted by India, from 9 February to 26 March 2023. This will be the first time the competition is held completely in India (three previous editions were partially hosted there – 1987, 1996, and 2011). As with the previous edition, the tournament will feature ten teams. The main route to qualification will be the new ICC ODI League tournament, which replaces the ICC ODI Championship. For the World Cup, the top seven

title: 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids

text: fund its World Cup bid preparation. Rudd met with Sepp Blatter to discuss the Commonwealth Government's support of the bid in Zurich in July 2009. At the 2008 FIFA Congress, held in Sydney, FIFA president Sepp Blatter suggested that Australia concentrate on hosting the 2022 tournament, but Lowy responded by recommitting Australia to its 2018 bid. However, Australia ultimately withdrew from the bidding for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in favour of the 2022 FIFA World Cup on 10 June 2010, following comments from the chief of the Asian Football Confederation that the 2018 tournament should be held in Europe.

title: Yekaterinburg

text: the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Yekaterinburg is one of the 11 Russian cities that hosted the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played on the upgraded Central Stadium. For the World Cup 2018, from 7 October 2015 to 29 December 2017, the Central Stadium was upgraded to bring it into compliance with FIFA requirements for the World Cup. The architectural concept of the new stadium is built on a combination of historical walls and the built-in core of the modern arena. During the reconstruction of the sports facility, which is a monument of history and culture, the facades are

title: FIFA World Cup hosts

text: On 1 August 2018, it was reported that the FA was preparing a bid for England to host the World Cup in 2030. A decision is expected to be made in 2019, after the FA will conduct a feasibility work on a potential bid. The Scottish Football Association considered the potential British bid as a great opportunity to get funds to renovate and redevelop the Hampden Park in Glasgow, the Scotland national football team's home stadium. On 4 September 2018, it was announced that the Republic of Ireland is in talks exploring the possibility to join 2030 World Cup bid.

title: 2018 FIFA World Cup


question: rizal finished all the chapters of the novel noli me tangere in

answers: December 1886

answers: Spanish

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: ideals of the Age of Enlightenment. He was then a student of medicine in the Universidad Central de Madrid. In a reunion of Filipinos at the house of his friend Pedro A. Paterno in Madrid on 2 January 1884, Rizal proposed the writing of a novel about the Philippines written by a group of Filipinos. His proposal was unanimously approved by the Filipinos present at the time, among whom were Pedro, Maximino Viola and Antonio Paterno, Graciano López Jaena, Evaristo Aguirre, Eduardo de Lete, Julio Llorente and Valentin Ventura. However, this project did not materialize. The people who agreed to

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: It has also been noted by the Austro-Hungarian writer Ferdinand Blumentritt that "Noli Me Tángere" was a name used by ophthalmologists for cancer of the eyelids; that as an ophthalmologist himself Rizal was influenced by this fact is suggested in the novel's dedication, "To My Motherland". José Rizal, a Filipino nationalist and medical doctor, conceived the idea of writing a novel that would expose the ills of Philippine society after reading Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin". He preferred that the prospective novel express the way Filipino culture was perceived to be backward, anti-progress, anti-intellectual, and not conducive to the

title: Gaspar Vibal

text: Rizal's novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo", for his Filipiniana.net. Vibal discovered these at the Old Book Fair in Madrid, Spain on October, 2006. These were part of the late Adelina Gurrea Monasterio collection. Vibal stated that: "They are very expensive" - opting to be careful not to reveal the price, for it might put the prized items in danger. Vibal spent 25 years of his life to bring back the original "Noli" and "Fili" to Philippine shores. Vibal has a treasure collection of articles either written by, for, or about Dr. Jose Rizal, antiquated by dust and partly

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: and are performed in non-musical operas throughout the country. Rizal entitled this novel as such drawing inspiration from of the Bible, the technical name of a particularly painful type of cancer (back in his time, it is unknown what is the modern name of said disease). He proposed to probe all the cancers of Filipino society that everyone else felt too painful to touch. Early English translations of the novel used titles like An Eagle Flight (1900) and The Social Cancer (1912), disregarding the symbolism of the title, but the more recent translations were published using the original Latin title.

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: to pressure from the Church against the book. The persecution can be discerned from Rizal's letter to Leitmeritz: Rizal was exiled to Dapitan in Mindanao, then later arrested for "inciting rebellion" based largely on his writings. Rizal was executed by firing squad at the Luneta outside Manila's walls on December 30, 1896 at the age of thirty-five, at the park that now bears his name. Rizal depicted nationality by emphasizing the positive qualities of Filipinos: the devotion of a Filipina and her influence on a man's life, the deep sense of gratitude, and the solid common sense of the Filipinos

title: Rizal Law

text: Rizal Law Republic Act No. 1425, known as the Rizal Law, mandates all educational institutions in the Philippines to offer courses about José Rizal. The full name of the law is "An Act to Include in the Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and Universities Courses On the Life, Works and Writings of Jose Rizal, Particularly His Novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes". The measure was strongly... opposed by the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines due to the anti-clerical themes in "Noli Me Tángere" and "El

title: Makamisa

text: Makamisa Makamisa (English: After mass) is an unfinished novel written by Filipino patriot and writer José Rizal. The original manuscript was found by historian Ambeth Ocampo in 1987 while he was going through a 245-page collection of papers. This draft is written in pure, vernacular Lagueño Tagalog and has no written direct signature or date of inscription. The novel has only one chapter. It runs for only ten pages and is hand-written in the old orthographic ancillary glyphs. Although written in a different language, its style, characterization and setting mirror those of Rizal's two previous works, "Noli me tangere" and

title: Mga Ibong Mandaragit

text: of 1944, when the armed forces of the Japanese Empire were losing. The novel acts as a sequel to Jose Rizal's historic "Noli Me Tangere" and "El filibusterismo". The protagonist Mando Plaridel is tested by Tata Matyas, an old revolutionary, on his knowledge about Rizal and Rizal's novels. Similar to Rizal's novel, the main character examines the Philippines as an outsider while traveling in Europe. Hernandez's novel also tackles the lead character's search for Simoun's treasure, acting as a continuation of Rizal's "El Filibusterismo". The novel portrays the conditions of the citizenry at the onset of industrialization brought forth by

title: National Library of the Philippines

text: Rizal. Of the 733,000 volumes the library had in its collections prior to World War II, only 36,600 remained. However, luckily for library officials, a locked box containing the "crown jewels" of the National Library: the original copies of Rizal's "Noli Me Tangere", "El Filibusterismo" and "Mi último adiós", was left intact. Tiburcio Tumaneng, then the chief of the Filipiniana Division, described the event as a happy occasion. Word of the books' discovery by Tumaneng was relayed to Professor H. Otley Beyer, then chairman of the Committee on Salvage of Government Libraries, through officer-in-charge Luis Montilla. Having found a new

title: Leonor Rivera–Kipping

text: novel, "Noli Me Tangere". Rizal wanted to marry Rivera while he was still in the Philippines because of her uncomplaining fidelity, so they asked permission from his father one more time before his second departure. The meeting never happened. In 1888, Rizal stopped receiving letters from Rivera for a year, even as he kept sending letters to her. The reason for Rivera’s silence was the connivance between Rivera’s mother and an Englishman named Henry Charles Kipping, a railway engineer who fell in love with Rivera and was favoured by Rivera’s mother. Rivera met Kipping at the house of Doña Carmen

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: institutions given its negative portrayal of the Church, but this taboo has been largely superseded as religious schools conformed to the Rizal Law. Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin, commonly referred to the novel as Ibarra or Crisóstomo, is the novel's protagonist. The "mestizo" (mixed-race) son of Filipino businessman Don Rafael Ibarra, he studied in Europe for seven years. Ibarra is also María Clara's fiancé. María Clara de los Santos y Alba, commonly referred to as María Clara, is Ibarra's fiancée and the most beautiful and widely celebrated girl in San Diego. She was raised by Capitán Tiago de los Santos,

title: José Rizal

text: he ultimately approved of its goals which eventually led to Philippine independence. He is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines and has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes Committee. However, no law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. He was the author of the novels "Noli Me Tángere" and "El filibusterismo", and a number of poems and essays. José Rizal was born in 1861 to Francisco Rizal Mercado y Alejandro and Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos in

title: Ang Tundo Man May Langit Din

text: "Noli Me Tangere". Ang Tundo Man May Langit Din Ang Tundo Man May Langit Din ("Even Tondo possess some Heaven") is a 1986 Tagalog-language novel written by Filipino novelist Andres Cristobal Cruz. The 324-page novel was published by the Ateneo de Manila University Press. The novel involves love and romance occurring between individuals that are residing in a poverty-stricken area in Tondo, Manila in the Philippines. The social background of the individuals produces a "dramatizing effect" in presenting the Philippine experience laid out in contemporary context and setting, giving the novel a similarity in style and theme to Philippine national

title: Culture of the Philippines

text: poets, he is named as one of the greatest Filipino literary laureates for his contributions in Philippine literature. His greatest work, the "Florante at Laura" is considered as his greatest work and one of the masterpieces of Philippine literature. Balagtas wrote the epic during his imprisonment. José Rizal, the national hero of the country, wrote the novels "Noli Me Tángere" ("Touch Me Not") and "El Filibusterismo" ("The Filibustering", also known as "The Reign of Greed"). There have been proposals to revive all indigenous ethnic scripts or "suyat" in the Philippines, where the ethnic script of the ethnic majority of the

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: Originally written in Spanish, the book is more commonly published and read in the Philippines in either Tagalog or English.  Together with its sequel, El Filibusterismo, the reading of Noli is obligatory for high school students throughout the country.

title: José Rizal

text: been described by the Belgian-British zoologist George Albert Boulenger in 1885 as "Draco guentheri". There are three species named after Rizal: The cinematic depiction of Rizal's literary works won two film industry awards more than a century after his birth. In the 10th FAMAS Awards, he was honored in the Best Story category for Gerardo de León's adaptation of his book "Noli Me Tángere". The recognition was repeated the following year with his movie version of "El Filibusterismo", making him the only person to win back-to-back FAMAS Awards posthumously. Both novels were translated into opera by the composer-librettist Felipe Padilla

title: Germany–Philippines relations

text: novel "Noli Me Tangere" while living there, and published it with the assistance of professor Ferdinand Blumentritt; the house where Rizal lived in Berlin sports a commemorative plaque, and efforts are underway to purchase the building from its owner. A life-size statue of Jose Rizal stands in a fountain in a small park in Wilhelmsfeld, Heidelberg. Mass migration from the Philippines to Germany began in the late 1960s, with large numbers of Filipina nurses taking up employment in German hospitals; however, with the onset of the 1973 oil crisis, German recruitment of "gastarbeiter" largely came to a halt. Filipina nurses

title: Ferdinand Blumentritt

text: extensively about the Philippines, although he never visited the islands, corresponding with the then Filipino student and writer José Rizal, who later became national hero. Blumentritt's relationship with Rizal began as early as July 1886. Blumentritt became one of Rizal's closest confidants although they met only once. He translated a chapter of the latter's first book, "Noli Me Tangere", into German and wrote the preface to Rizal's second book, "El filibusterismo", although he was against its publication as he believed that it will lead to Rizal's death. These two novels are commentaries disguised as fiction which angered both the Catholic

title: José Rizal

text: on any day in the Philippines. Blumentritt was the grandson of the Imperial Treasurer at Vienna in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire and a staunch defender of the Catholic faith. This did not dissuade him from writing the preface of "El filibusterismo" after he had translated "Noli Me Tángere" into German. As Blumentritt had warned, these books resulted in Rizal's being prosecuted as the inciter of revolution. He was eventually tried by the military, convicted and executed. Teaching the natives where they stood brought about an adverse reaction, as the Philippine Revolution of 1896 took off virulently thereafter. As leader of

title: María Clara

text: María Clara María Clara, whose full name is María Clara de los Santos, is the "mestiza" heroine in "Noli Me Tángere", a novel by José Rizal, the national hero of the Republic of the Philippines. Her name and character has since become a byword in Filipino culture for the traditional, feminine ideal. María Clara is the childhood sweetheart and fiancée of "Noli Me Tángere"s main protagonist, Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin, the son of Don Rafael Ibarra. Although raised as the daughter of Captain Santiago "Kapitán Tiyago" de los Santos and his wife Doña Pía Alba, who are both native

title: Ang Tundo Man May Langit Din

text: Ang Tundo Man May Langit Din Ang Tundo Man May Langit Din ("Even Tondo possess some Heaven") is a 1986 Tagalog-language novel written by Filipino novelist Andres Cristobal Cruz. The 324-page novel was published by the Ateneo de Manila University Press. The novel involves love and romance occurring between individuals that are residing in a poverty-stricken area in Tondo, Manila in the Philippines. The social background of the individuals produces a "dramatizing effect" in presenting the Philippine experience laid out in contemporary context and setting, giving the novel a similarity in style and theme to Philippine national hero Jose Rizal's

title: Sa Aking Mga Kabata

text: a decade after his death, in a book authored by the poet Hermenigildo Cruz. Cruz claimed that he received the poem from another poet, Gabriel Beato Francisco, who in turn received it in 1884 from an alleged close friend of Rizal, Saturnino Raselis. José Rizal, however, has never mentioned anyone by the name of Saturnino Raselis. The poem may have actually been written by Cruz or Francisco. Pascual H. Poblete published a different account in his introduction to the 1909 translation "Noli Me Tangere; Novelang Wicang Castila Na Tinagalog Ni Pascual H. Poblete" (note old Tagalog spelling), he claims that

title: Ang Mestisa

text: Ang Mestisa Ang Mestisa (The Mestiza) is a well-known Tagalog-language novel written by Filipino novelist Engracio L. Valmonte in 1920. Published in two parts, the novel was divided into two books entitled Ang Mestisa Unang Bahagi (The Mestiza Part One) and Ang Mestisa Ikalawang Bahagi (The Mestiza Part Two). The novel was published in Manila, Philippines by the Imprenta Ilagan y Compañia in 1921. It was printed by the Imprenta Nacional during the American period in Philippine history. Later on, the novel was adapted as a zarzuela. The setting of the novel was the way of life in the high-levels

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: face before his relatives and became a wanderer from province to province. Like his uncle Balat he became a fugitive and his legend grew, but by degrees he became the gentler, more reserved, and more noble character first introduced in the novel. Filosofo Tacio, known by his Tagalized name "Pilosopo Tasyo". Tasyo was enrolled in a philosophy course and was a talented student, but his mother was a rich but superstitious matron. Like many Filipino Catholics under the sway of the friars, she believed that too much learning condemned souls to hell. She then made Tasyo choose between leaving college

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)

text: and his cousin, Isabel. In the later parts of the novel, she was revealed to be an illegitimate daughter of Father Dámaso, the former curate of the town, and Doña Pía Alba, Capitán Tiago's wife, who had died giving birth to María Clara. At the novel's end, a heartbroken yet resolved María Clara entered the "Beaterio de Santa Clara" (a nunnery) after learning the truth of her parentage and mistakenly believing her lover Crisóstomo to have been killed. In the epilogue, Rizal stated that it is unknown if María Clara is still living within the walls of the convent or

title: María Clara

text: for a multi-piece ensemble known as the María Clara gown, emulating the character's traits of being delicate, feminine, self-assured, and with a sense of identity. María Clara María Clara, whose full name is María Clara de los Santos, is the "mestiza" heroine in "Noli Me Tángere", a novel by José Rizal, the national hero of the Republic of the Philippines. Her name and character has since become a byword in Filipino culture for the traditional, feminine ideal. María Clara is the childhood sweetheart and fiancée of "Noli Me Tángere"s main protagonist, Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin, the son of Don

title: Rogelio Ordoñez

text: Mirasol, and "Limang Suwail" (1963), co-authored with Efren Abueg, Rogelio Sicat, Edgardo M. Reyes and Eduardo Bautista Reyes. In 1998. the University of the Philippines published in book form some of his selected writings "Saan Papunta ang mga Putok?". In 1997, his short-story, "Si Anto", was translated to English and anthologized in "Stories From Southeast Asia" (Malaysia) and considered as one of the best short-stories in Southeast Asia for the past 30 years, according to Muhammad Haji Salleh, editor of the said anthology. In 2004, the Polytechnic University of the Philippines published in book form his columns "Pluma at Papel"

title: José Rizal

text: August 5, 1887, Rivera and her family had moved back to Dagupan, Pangasinan. Rizal was forbidden by his father Francisco Mercado to see Rivera in order to avoid putting the Rivera family in danger because at the time Rizal was already labeled by the "criollo" elite as a "filibustero" or subversive because of his novel "Noli Me Tángere". Rizal wanted to marry Rivera while he was still in the Philippines because of Rivera's uncomplaining fidelity. Rizal asked permission from his father one more time before his second departure from the Philippines. The meeting never happened. In 1888, Rizal stopped receiving

title: France–Philippines relations

text: Revolution in 1889, José Rizal sought to organize a conference called the Association Internationale des Philippinistes which was to be launched with Ferdinand Blumentritt, the President and Edmond Plauchut, the Vice President. The French also permitted Rizal to live in exile in France where he wrote the books "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo". The revolutionaries of the Philippines sought France for support. In January 1897, the Philippine Commission in Hong Kong sent a petition to M. Henry Hannoteaux, Minister of Foreign Affairs, enumerating 50 points concerning the Philippine grievance against Spain and calling for France's assistance. In 1898, Emilio

title: Battle of Sambat

text: this is the eviction of the Rizal clan from Calamba town after their struggles with their Dominican tenants. José Rizal, national hero of the Philippines wrote about such issues in his 2 great novels, Noli me tangere, and El filibusterismo. The latter called for a revolution urgently. the call of revolt was answered by the Katipunan secret society. Established by Andres Bonifacio in Manila, within a few years, Katipunero chapters were opened in the surrounding provinces with the Katipunan chapter "Maluningning" established in Pagsanjan on December 12, 1894, by Severino Taiño. Members came over from Lumban, Paete, Pakil, Siniloan, Cavinti,

title: Noli Me Tángere (novel)