question: when did vat change from 17.5 to 20

answers: 4 January 2011

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: when Conservative Chancellor Norman Lamont increased it from 15% to 17.5%. The additional revenue was used to pay for a reduction in the hugely unpopular community charge. During the 1992 general election the Conservatives promised not to extend the scope of VAT but in March 1993, Lamont announced that domestic fuel and power, which had previously been zero-rated, would have VAT levied at 8% from April 1994 and the full 17.5% from April 1995. The planned introduction of VAT on domestic fuel and power went ahead in April 1994, but the increase from 8% to 17.5% in April 1995 was

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: to 5% on sanitary protection products (from 1 January 2001); children's car seats (from 1 April 2001); conversion and renovation of certain residential properties (from 12 May 2001); contraceptives (from 1 July 2006); and smoking cessation products (from 1 July 2007). In response to the late-2000s recession, Labour Chancellor Alistair Darling announced in November 2008 that the standard rate of VAT would be reduced from 17.5% to 15% with effect from 1 December 2008. In December 2009, Darling announced that the standard rate of VAT would return to 17.5% with effect from 1 January 2010. In the run up to

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: scuppered in December 1994, after the government lost the vote in parliament. In its 1997 general election manifesto, the Labour Party pledged to reduce VAT on domestic fuel and power to 5%. After gaining power, the new Labour Chancellor Gordon Brown announced in June 1997 that the lower rate of VAT on domestic fuel and power would be reduced from 8% to 5% with effect from 1 September 1997. In November 1997, Brown announced that the VAT on installation of energy saving materials would be reduced from 17.5% to 5% from 1 July 1998. Brown subsequently reduced VAT from 17.5%

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: On 25 March 2015 Cameron pledged in the House of Commons that VAT would not be increased. All businesses that provide "taxable" goods and services and whose taxable turnover exceeds the threshold must register for VAT. The threshold as of 2018 is £85,000, by far the highest VAT registration threshold in the world. Businesses may choose to register even if their turnover is less than that amount. All registered businesses must charge VAT on the full sale price of the goods or services that they provide unless exempted or outside the VAT system. The default VAT rate is the standard

title: Value-added tax

text: rate of VAT is 5%. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia VAT system was implemented in 1 January 2018 at 5% rate. VAT was introduced into the Indian taxation system from 1 April 2005. Of the then 28 Indian states, eight did not introduce VAT at first instance. There is uniform VAT rate of 5% and 14.5% all over India. The government of Tamil Nadu introduced an act by the name Tamil Nadu Value Added Tax Act 2006 which came into effect from the 1 January 2007. It was also known as the TN-VAT. Under the BJP government, a new national

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: applied to the wholesale price, initially at a rate of 33%. This was doubled in April 1942 to 66%, and further increased in April 1943 to a rate of 100%, before reverting in April 1946 to 33% again. Unlike VAT, Purchase Tax was applied at the point of manufacture and distribution, not at the point of sale. The rate of Purchase Tax at the start of 1973, when it gave way to VAT, was 25%. On 1 January 1973 the UK joined the European Economic Community and as a consequence Purchase Tax was replaced by Value Added Tax on 1

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the value-added tax (or value added tax, VAT) was introduced in 1973 and is the third-largest source of government revenue, after income tax and National Insurance. It is administered and collected by HM Revenue and Customs, primarily through the Value Added Tax Act 1994. VAT is levied on most goods and services provided by registered businesses in the UK and some goods and services imported from outside the European Union. There are complex regulations for goods and services imported from "within" the EU. The default VAT rate is the standard

title: Taxation in the United Kingdom

text: 12.5 percent. On 18 June 1979, the higher rate was scrapped and VAT set at a single rate of 15 percent. In 1991 this became 17.5 percent, though when domestic fuel and power was added to the scheme in 1994, it was charged at a new, lower rate of 8 percent. In September 1997 this lower rate was reduced to 5 percent and was extended to cover various energy-saving materials (from 1 July 1998), sanitary protection (from 1 January 2001), children's car seats (from 1 April 2001), conversion and renovation of certain residential properties (from 12 May 2001), contraceptives (from

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: and services: Standard VAT rates since 1979: VAT revenue since 1978/79 as a percentage of total government revenue: The UK government loses billions in revenue each year due to VAT avoidance, evasion and fraud. In 2006 the loss was estimated to be between £13bn and £18bn, equivalent to £1 for every £6 of VAT due. The bulk of the lost revenue, about £1 in every £8 of VAT due, is due to evasion. Evasion, which is illegal, occurs when registered businesses pay over to HMRC less than they should. This can be done by understating sales or overstating purchases. Evasion

title: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland

text: Union Value Added Tax system. It is collected by VAT-registered traders on almost all goods and services they supply. Each trader in the chain of supply, from manufacturer to retailer, charges VAT on his sales and pays it to Revenue, deducting from the payment the VAT paid on his purchases. A trader whose turnover exceeds the registration thresholds, or is likely to exceed them in the next 12 months, must register for VAT. The registration thresholds are as follows: A person below these limits may register voluntarily. It is often beneficial for persons who mainly trade with other businesses to

title: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland

text: suppliers. The flat rate addition is not paid away to the Revenue. Traders collecting VAT can deduct the VAT incurred on their purchases from their VAT liability, and where the VAT paid exceeds VAT received, can claim a refund. The VAT period is normally two calendar months (other filing periodicity, such as four-monthly, and semi-annual also apply in certain circumstances). A VAT return is made on the 19th day of the following the end of the period. However, if you submit the return on the website, i.e. ROS ("Revenue Online Service"), and also perform payment via ROS, then the due

title: Value-added tax

text: revenue from VAT was 15.47 billion yuan ($2.2 billion) which made up 33.9 percent of China's total tax revenue for the year. The standard rate of VAT in China is 16%. There is a reduced rate of 13% that applies to products such as books and types of oils. The European Union value added tax (EU VAT) covers consumption of goods and services and is mandatory for member states of the European Union. The EU VAT's key issue asks where the supply and consumption occurs thereby determining which member state will collect the VAT and which VAT rate will be

title: Ad valorem tax

text: increased to 12.5% on 1 July 1989 and 15% on 1 October 2010. A common VAT system is compulsory for the member states of the European Union. The EU VAT system is imposed by a series of European Union directives, the most important of which is the Sixth VAT Directive (Directive 77/388/EC). Nevertheless, some member states have negotiated variable rates (Madeira in Portugal) or VAT exemption for regions or territories. The regions below fall out of the scope of EU VAT: Under the EU system of VAT, where a person carrying on an economic activity supplies goods and services to

title: European Union value added tax

text: a retailer are subject to VAT at 0% rate, but milk drinks bought in a restaurant are subject to VAT at the standard 20% rate. Different rates of VAT apply in different EU member states. The lowest standard rate of VAT throughout the EU is 17%, although member states can apply reduced rates of VAT to certain goods and services. Certain goods and services are required to be exempt from VAT (for example, postal services, medical care, lending, insurance, betting), and certain other goods and services to be exempt from VAT but subject to the ability of an EU member

title: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland

text: register for VAT even when their turnover is below the relevant limits. VAT rates range from 0% on books, children's clothing and educational services and items, to 23% on the majority of goods. The 13.5% rate applies to many labour-intensive services as well as to restaurant meals, hot takeaway food, and bakery products. A 4.8% rate applies to supply of livestock and greyhounds. A 5.2% "flat rate addition" applies to the agricultural sector, although this is not strictly VAT – it is charged by farmers not registered for VAT to compensate them for VAT which they must pay to their

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: April 1973. The Conservative Chancellor Lord Barber set a single VAT rate (10%) on most goods and services. In July 1974, Labour Chancellor Denis Healey reduced the standard rate of VAT from 10% to 8% but introduced a new higher rate of 12.5% for petrol and some luxury goods. In November 1974, Healey doubled the higher rate of VAT to 25%. Healey reduced the higher rate back to 12.5% in April 1976. Conservative Chancellor Geoffrey Howe increased the standard rate of VAT from 8% to 15% and abolished the higher rate in June 1979. The rate remained unchanged until 1991,

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: the state-side. VAT is assessed as a more stable source of income than profit or turnover, since the profit and turnover drop in economical slowdowns or may drop with an ageing population. VAT, therefore is considered to stabilize treasuries in countries with weak economies. At the same time, as a consumption tax, VAT is considered to be more growth-friendly than income- or profit-taxation. Value-added tax in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the value-added tax (or value added tax, VAT) was introduced in 1973 and is the third-largest source of government revenue, after income tax and National Insurance. It

title: Value-added tax

text: sales tax is paid by the consumer at the point of sale. The difference from the point of view of the consumer is that the VAT is not visible at the point of sale. If an item is priced at €5, the individual pays €5. With sales tax, for an item priced $5, the consumer may pay $5.25 with the extra $0.25 sales tax visible to the consumer at the time of sales. This is one of the main differences between VAT and sales tax. It is claimed that VAT avoids the cascade effect of sales tax by taxing only

title: European Union value added tax

text: European Union value added tax The European Union value added tax (or EU VAT) is a value added tax on goods and services within the European Union (EU). The EU's institutions do not collect the tax, but EU member states are each required to adopt a value added tax that complies with the EU VAT code. Different rates of VAT apply in different EU member states, ranging from 17% in Luxembourg to 27% in Hungary. The total VAT collected by member states is used as part of the calculation to determine what each state contributes to the EU's budget. EU

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: VAT is levied on most goods and services provided by registered businesses in the UK and some goods and services imported from outside the European Union. There are complex regulations for goods and services imported from within the EU. The default VAT rate is the standard rate, 20% since 4 January 2011.  Some goods and services are subject to VAT at a reduced rate of 5% (such as domestic fuel) or 0% (such as most food and children's clothing). Others are exempt from VAT or outside the system altogether.

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom

text: A separate scheme, called The Flat Rate Scheme is also run by HMRC. This scheme allows a VAT registered business with a turnover of less than £150,000 per annum to pay a fixed percentage of its turnover to HMRC every 3 months. The scheme is designed to reduce red tape for small business and allow new companies to keep some of the VAT they charge to their customers. Businesses selling exempt good, supplies or services, such as banks, may not register for VAT or reclaim VAT that they have incurred on purchases. Businesses that sell a mixture of taxable and

title: Taxation in the United Kingdom

text: cakes—as was eventually decided—or (fully taxed) chocolate-covered biscuits. Until 2001, VAT was charged at the full rate on unused sanitary towels. It was introduced in 1973, in consequence of Britain's entry to the European Economic Community, at a standard rate of 10 percent. In July 1974, the standard rate became 8 percent and from October that year petrol was taxed at a new higher rate of 25 percent. In the budget of April 1975 the higher rate was extended to a wide range of "luxury" goods. In the budget of April 1976 the 25 percent higher rate was reduced to

title: Purchase Tax

text: by Value Added Tax (VAT), initially set at a rate of 10%, which was shortly afterwards reduced to 8%. Purchase Tax Purchase Tax was a tax levied between 1940 and 1973 on the wholesale value of luxury goods sold in the United Kingdom. Introduced on 21 October 1940, with the stated aim of reducing the wastage of raw materials during World War II, it was initially set at a rate of 33⅓%. The tax was subsequently set at differing rates dependent upon individual items' degree of "luxury" as determined by the government of the day. In connection with the accession

title: Value-added tax

text: for exempting few items from the tax. From July 1989 to September 2010, GST was levied at 12.5%, and prior to that at 10%. MOMS (, formerly "meromsætningsafgift"), (bokmål) or "meirverdiavgift" (nynorsk) (abbreviated "MVA"), (until the early 1970s labeled as OMS "OMSättningsskatt" only), (abbreviated "VSK"), (abbreviated "MVG") or Finnish: "arvonlisävero" (abbreviated "ALV") are the Nordic terms for VAT. Like other countries' sales and VAT taxes, it is an indirect tax. In Denmark, VAT is generally applied at one rate, and with few exceptions is not split into two or more rates as in other countries (e.g. Germany), where reduced rates

title: Value Added Tax in Bangladesh

text: rates of 2.25%, 5.5%, 7.5% & 9% as mentioned above are abolished. To increase the productivity of VAT, the Government has enacted the Value Added Tax and Supplementary Duty Act of 2012. This law will be in operation from 1 July 2017 with an automated administration. The much-talked about VAT and Supplementary Duty Act 2012, which envisages a uniform 15 percent VAT, from July 2017 postponed for next 2 years; until fiscal year 2019-20. In the face of opposition from businesses, lobby groups and fear of rise in living cost, policymakers preferred deferring the new VAT law and continuing with

title: European Union value added tax

text: to 0% VAT. The seller of exempt goods is not entitled to reclaim VAT on business purchases, whereas the seller of goods and services rated at 0% is entitled. An example would be a book manufacturer in Ireland, who purchases paper including VAT at the 23% rate, and sells books at the 0% rate; the manufacturer would be entitled to reclaim the VAT paid on the paper as the business is making taxable supplies. In countries like Sweden and Finland non-profit organisations such as sports clubs are exempt from all VAT, and have to pay full VAT for purchases without

title: Taxation in Israel

text: Value-added tax (VAT) in Israel, is applied to most goods and services, including imported goods and services. As of 1 October 2015, the standard was lowered to 17%, from 18%. Beforehand, it was raised to 18% from 17% on 2 June 2013, which it stood at after being raised from 16% on 1 September 2012. Certain items are zero-rated like exported goods and the provision of certain services to nonresidents. The value of imported goods, for VAT purposes, includes the customs duty, purchase tax and other levies. Multinational companies that provide services to Israel through the Internet, such as Google

title: Value-added tax

text: Goods and Services Tax was introduced under the One Hundred and First Amendment of the Constitution of India. Value Added Tax (VAT) was introduced into the Indonesian taxation system from 1 April 1985. General VAT rate is ten percent. Using indirect subtraction method with invoice to calculate value added tax payable. VAT was Collected by the Directorate General of Taxation, Ministry of Finance. Some goods and services are exempt from VAT like basic commodities vital to the general public, medical or health services, religion services, educational services and Services provided by the government in respect of carrying out general governmental

title: Tampon

text: tax (VAT) at a reduced rate of 5%, as opposed to the standard rate of 20% applied to the vast majority of products sold in the country. The relevant EU legislation was finally changed in 2016. In March 2016, Parliament created legislation to eliminate the tampon VAT. It was expected to go into effect by April 2018 but did not do so. On the 3rd October 2018, new EU VAT rules that will allow the UK to stop taxing sanitary products were approved by the European Parliament. In Canada, the federal government has removed the Goods and services tax (GST)

title: European Union value added tax

text: another member state, the VAT is normally payable in the state where the goods were purchased, regardless of any differences in VAT rates between the two states, and any tax payable on distance sales is collected by the seller. However, there a number of special provisions for particular goods and services. The aim of the EU VAT directive ("Council Directive 2006/112/EC of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax") is to harmonize VAT within the EU VAT area, and specifies that VAT rates must be within a certain range. It has several basic purposes: The VAT

title: Value-added tax in the United Kingdom


question: who is eliminated in big boss kannada 5

answers: Shruti

answers: Niveditha

answers: Diwakar

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2)

text: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2) Bigg Boss Kannada 2 (BBK2), ಬಿಗ್ ಬಾಸ್ ಕನ್ನಡ - ೨ is the second season of the Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. Asianet Suvarna channel acquired the broadcast rights from Endemol India. The show premiered on 29 June 2014 with Sudeep as the host. Among 4 finalists Akul Balaji emerged as the title winner with maximum votes and performance in house followed by Srujan Lokesh as runner-up, Deepika Kamaiah and Shwetha Chengappa as third and fourth respectively Aadhi Lokesh, son of late Mysore Lokesh, is famous for his villain roles in Kannada film industry.

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5)

text: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5) Bigg Boss Kannada 5 (BBK5) was the fifth season of the Kannada television series Bigg Boss Kannada, that premiered on 15 October 2017. Sudeep reprised his role as the host of the show. The finale of the season took place 28 January 2018, and rapper Chandan Shetty was declared the winner of the show and was awarded the prize money of 50 lakh. Sales representative Diwaker was voted the runner-up. Sudeep had signed a deal with the channel Colors Kannada to host the next five seasons starting from the previous season. During the grand finale

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: Bigg Boss Kannada Season 4. After 3 and half long months of fights, entertainment and laughter, the game show concluded with Pratham emerging victorious on the night of Grand Finale. Five contestants had reached the finale. Pratham, Keerthi, Rekah, Mohan and Malavika were the five finalists of this season. The final contest was between Kirik Keethi and Pratham. In the end Pratham managed to edge out Keerthi to win the prize money but Keerthi won Runner-up trophy along with Kiccha Sudeep personally gave 10 Lakhs to Keerthi for a speacial cause which planned by Keerthi for the development of Kannada

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: Pratham as the first contestant of Season 4 days before the premiere episode.known for kandhisthini and partibatanne he is always eating and sleeping which he is very proud off he left home at 15 years and he was not talking with his parents only in big boss he reconciled with his father and he won the title. An Indian actress, television personality and politician. Sheetal Shetty is a news anchor who presented news shows and discussions on TV9 and BTV News. She is also a part-time actress, notable for her acting in movies such as 'Ulidavaru Kandanthe' and 'Kendasampige'. Kavya

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2)

text: a Kannada telesoap actress who became a household name by her role of Kadambari in Kannada soap "Kadambari".She also hosted TV shows "Yaariguntu Yaarigilla" and "Kuniyonu Baara" on Zee Kannada. She also acted in ETV Kannada's serials "Arundhati" and "Sukanya". Guruprasad is a director of hit movies "Mata", "Eddelu Manjunatha" and "Director's Special". He was a judge for the dance reality show "Thaka Dhimi Tha Dancing Star" (2014).Presently he is hosting Life Super Guru in Zee Kannada. Guruprasad's stay in Bigg Boss has been controversial, marred by his inability to get along with the other contestants. Prakash is well known

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 3)

text: chi sow savithri telicasted on Zee TV Kannada. Sushma is a theatre and dance artist. Also Sushma Veer, is the daughter of singer and veteran actress B Jayashree. Bigg Boss Kannada (season 3) Bigg Boss Kannada 3 (BBK3), () is the third season of the Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. The show premiered on October 25, 2015 and the finale was aired on January 31, 2016 on Colors Kannada. Sudeep, the host of previous seasons remains as the host. He has signed a INR 18 crore deal with the channel Colors Kannada to host the next five seasons.

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: two weeks (113 days) instead of the regular 98 days format of the show. The first 98 days of Season 4 was aired on Colors Kannada while the remaining 14 days were aired exclusively on Colors Super channel. The grand finale was aired on 28 and 29 January 2017 on Colors Kannada, Colors Kannada HD and Colors Super simultaneously. Among the five finalists, Pratham emerged as the winner with highest number public votes, followed by Kirik Keerthi as runner-up, Rekha, Malavika Avinash and Mohan Shankar as third, fourth and fifth respectively. Kirik Keerthi is known for his active stance in

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2)

text: Akul Balaji is a leading host of Kannada reality shows, "Thaka Dhimi Tha Dancing Star" (2014) being the most recent. Akul Balaji currently the winner of Bigg Boss Kannada Season 2.He also shot to fame for co-hosting the hit Kannada reality show "Pyate Hudgir Halli Lifu"[1] on Asianet Suvarna Channel, with Kannada Star Sudeep. Anita Bhat Prabhakar Mandya Anupama Bhat anchored morning show and "Kitchen Taare" on (Udaya TV) and was a contestant in "Thaka Dhimi Tha Dancing Star". Deepika Kamaiah is a Kannada actress notable for a leading role in the 2012 movie Chingari along with Darshan Thoogudeep. Harshika

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 3)

text: "Eradondla Mooru" and recently in "Luv U Alia". Huccha Venkat is an actor, director and producer. He was the first contestant to be ejected out of the house in the history of Bigg Boss Kannada for assaulting a housemate. Jayashree Ramaiah is a model and dancer by profession. Kruthika is a Kannada film and serial artist. She made her debut on silver screen with the Kannada film ‘Patre Loves Padma’ which was a box-office failure, in spite of having hit songs because of its bad plot and acting. She came into prominence with the lead role in daily soap opera

title: Bigg Boss Kannada

text: Bigg Boss Kannada Bigg Boss Kannada (or simply Bigg Boss and ಬಿಗ್ ಬಾಸ್ in Kannada) is the Kannada version of the reality TV show Bigg Boss which is broadcast in India on Viacom 18's Colors Kannada. The show is produced by Endemol, currently through Endemol Shine India who owns the global format of Big Brother. Kannada actor Sudeep was roped in to host the reality show in 2013 for the first season on ETV Kannada (now Colors Kannada). Sudeep continues to be the part of the show as of fourth season in 2016. The first season of the show became

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 6)

text: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 6) Bigg Boss Kannada 6 (BBK6) will be the sixth season of the Kannada television series Bigg Boss Kannada, which is scheduled to go on air from 21 October 2018 at 6p.m. Sudeep will reprise his role as the host of the show. The auditions for commoners was launched through the Voot platform in July 2018. The show will be telecasted every day on the Colors Super and Colors kannada HD channels at 8p.m. IST. Along with the usual celebrity contestants, the housemates of this season includes contestants selected the an online audition process. The total

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 6)

text: of eighteen housemates includes nine celebrities and nine commoners. (The following list of contestants is according to the contestants entering the house.) Bigg Boss Kannada (season 6) Bigg Boss Kannada 6 (BBK6) will be the sixth season of the Kannada television series Bigg Boss Kannada, which is scheduled to go on air from 21 October 2018 at 6p.m. Sudeep will reprise his role as the host of the show. The auditions for commoners was launched through the Voot platform in July 2018. The show will be telecasted every day on the Colors Super and Colors kannada HD channels at 8p.m.

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: from the first season. Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4) Bigg Boss Kannada 4 (BBK4) is the fourth season of the Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. The show's grand opening was on and it was aired on Colors Kannada at 6pm. Sudeep, remained as the host as he hosted previous seasons. He had signed a deal with the channel Colors Kannada to host the next five seasons starting from the previous season. The first promo for the show aired on the channel on . None of the contestants' details were revealed until the grand opening of the show. The

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 3)

text: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 3) Bigg Boss Kannada 3 (BBK3), () is the third season of the Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. The show premiered on October 25, 2015 and the finale was aired on January 31, 2016 on Colors Kannada. Sudeep, the host of previous seasons remains as the host. He has signed a INR 18 crore deal with the channel Colors Kannada to host the next five seasons. Among 5 finalists Shruthi emerged as the title winner with maximum votes and performance in house followed by Chandan Kumar as runner-up, Master Anand, Rahman Haseeb and Pooja

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4) Bigg Boss Kannada 4 (BBK4) is the fourth season of the Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. The show's grand opening was on and it was aired on Colors Kannada at 6pm. Sudeep, remained as the host as he hosted previous seasons. He had signed a deal with the channel Colors Kannada to host the next five seasons starting from the previous season. The first promo for the show aired on the channel on . None of the contestants' details were revealed until the grand opening of the show. The Bigg Boss house built

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5)

text: of Bigg Boss Kannada 4, it was announced that the next season will start with new contestants and a renovated Bigg Boss house built for the previous season in the Innovative Film City at Bidadi, Bangalore. This will be the first season to allow non-celebrities to the Bigg Boss house with online auditions taking place from July 2017. The application process of the auditions for non-celebrities was exclusively carried by mobile app called Voot. Nagendra Bhat was the reality writer for this season. The show was extended by one week (106 days) instead of 98 days. Among the five finalists

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: medium schools across the State. Pratham is a film director yet to debut in the Kannada film industry through his film 'Devravne Bidu Guru' which is an ongoing project with the Bigg Boss Kannada Season 2 winner Akul Balaji in the lead role. Pratham proclaims himself as 'Olle Huduga' (Good Boy) and 'Badavara Bandhu' (Friend of the Poor) on social media. It is said that he was not picked by the Bigg Boss team, instead he himself made it into their office and asked for a contestant slot on the show. The broadcaster broke the tradition and aired promos unveiling

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 3)

text: in over 50 films in multiple languages, including "Mungaaru Male". She was evicted from the show but kept in a secret room and returned later.. Pradeep alias Tsunami Kitty was the winner of reality show "Indian". He also won the first season of "Thaka Dhimi Tha Dancing Star". He is a vegetable vendor by profession and is based out of Heggada Devana Kote, a small town near Mysore city. Ravi Mooruru is a singer and music composer, who has mainly worked for television serials. He has performed numerous of live concerts with singers like Puttur Narasimha Nayak, Pravin Godkhindi, Sangeetha

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: protecting the Kannada language and Kannada culture. Keerthi Kumar has worked as a program producer and a reporter in Kannada news channels, as an RJ and is a social media activist. He has worked as a journalist for TV News channels under the name 'Keerthi Shankaraghatta' but his famous persona was 'Kirik Keerthi' on the social media through which he revolted against many anti-Kannada activities and organizations Kirik Keerthi sung a rap song called Namma Bengaluru along with Chandan Shetty and also Keerthi done a guest appeareance in Guruprasad's Eradane Sala movie. Bigg Boss Kannada Four Curtains came down on

title: Bigg Boss Kannada 5

text: Chandan Shetty emerged as the winner of this season on 28.January.2018 with Karthik being the runner up. Other finalists Niveditha, Diwakar, Shruti were eliminated

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: Shastri is a television presenter and a serial actress. She has hosted numerous TV shows and acted in the serial 'Shubha Vivaha' that aired on Zee Kannada. Bhuvan Ponnanna is a model and an alumnus of reality show 'Indian' that was broadcast on ETV Kannada. Sanjana is a model and a serial actress. She had a short stint in the serial 'Kulavadhu' aired on Colors Kannada. She became popular because of the triangular love story between her, Pratham and Bhuvan. Controversy star Chaitra is a famous singer who has sung various songs in Kannada films. Dodda Ganesh is a retired

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 4)

text: and comedian in Kannada. Sukrutha Wagle, is an Indian film actress, she is well noted for her role in the film "Bahuparak" and "Kiragoorina Gayyaligalu". Masthan is an actor, debuting with "Devayani", a movie of his own production, currently under development. Malashri is a Kannada film actress. Madhubala (Kaveri)is a serial actress who came for the promotion of her serial Bangari. Sharika (Bangari)is a serial child actress who came for the promotion of her serial Bangari. A unnamed guest appeared in Biggboss as a joker. Huccha Venkat is a contestant of Biggboss 3. Pooja Gandhi, is an actress. She is

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 1)

text: GEC. The launch episode had a rating of 4.7 TRP and the eviction episodes on Fridays reached 6.3 TRP. The week average was about 4.7 TRP. The SMS votes by the audience were claimed to be approximately 47,000 per contestant and touched a lakh during the finals. GCC Puraskar Media :- Bigg Boss Kannada (season 1) Bigg Boss Kannada 1 (BBK1), ಬಿಗ್ ಬಾಸ್ ಕನ್ನಡ - ೧ was the first high budget show Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. It was broadcast by the channel "ETV Kannada" in 2013. The show was hosted by Sudeep. A prize amount of 50,00,000

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 3)

text: has bagged more number of awards in her career. She is a house hold name. She had starred many women oriented movies. She was famous for her tear jerking roles. She has acted with all the leading stars of the 90's.She has not only acted in Kannada but also in Tamil and Malayalam. She is serving as the chief Secretary in BJP women's wing of Karnataka. She won the Bigg Boss 3 thereby fulfilling her daughter's dream. Mithra is a famous Kannada comedian.(Janesha in "Silli Lalli") Gowthami is a Kannada TV actress. She was acted in the name of serial

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 1)

text: activities in the house. Among the four finalists, Vijay Raghavendra emerged as the title winner with maximum votes, followed by Arun Sagar as runner-up. Nikita Thukral came third and Narendra Babu was fourth. Gurudas Shenoy was the Editor-in-chief for the house reality of this season. The episodes were broadcast by ETV Kannada channel at a time slot of 8 to 9 pm daily. After the Grand Finale, the channel continued to telecast "Autograph series" in which the contestants shared their experience in the house. Programmes As per Indiantelevision.com's news release, the show achieved the highest TRPs than any other Kannada

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2)

text: Santhosh Aryan is an actor who had played a lead role in movies like "Nooru Janumaku" (2010), "Abhiram" (2010) and "Ishta" (2014).actor He is currently anchoring pate hudugira halli lifu and he is a anchor of pyate hudgir halli life and Shakeela is a soft porn actress. She is also seen in comic roles in several South Indian films. Srujan Lokesh, son of late Lokesh and Girija Lokesh, is an actor and a popular host of TV programs "Maja With Sruja" (Suvarna TV), "Chota Champion" (Zee Kannada) ,"Maja Talkies" (Colors Kannada) and currently "Comedy Talkies" (Colors Kannada) Swetha Changappa is

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2)

text: Poonacha is a Kannada actress notable for roles in movies "Thamassu", "Jackie" and "Mangana Kaili Maanikya". Laya Kokila, elder brother of Sadhu Kokila, is cast as a comedian in the movies "Devarane" (2013) and "Rangappa Hogbitna". Mayur Patel is an actor since 2003. Some of his movies are "Mani" (2003), "Gunna" (2005), "Udees" (2005), "Muniya" (2009), "Hunja" (2010) and "Slum" (2013). He is son of Actor/Director Madan Patel.. Neethu Shetty is an actress from Mangalore who gained fame from hit movies like "Jokefalls", "Gaalipata" and "Manasaare." Rohith Patel is a RJ of FM show "No tension" on BIG FM 92.7.

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5)

text: later she admitted in the confession room that Acharya was not at fault and that she reacted at the "heat of the moment". The episodes were broadcast on Colors Super between 8:00 and 9:30 p.m. (IST) daily. The episodes and highlights were also released on the website and app Voot after the telecast. Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5) Bigg Boss Kannada 5 (BBK5) was the fifth season of the Kannada television series Bigg Boss Kannada, that premiered on 15 October 2017. Sudeep reprised his role as the host of the show. The finale of the season took place 28 January

title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 1)

text: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 1) Bigg Boss Kannada 1 (BBK1), ಬಿಗ್ ಬಾಸ್ ಕನ್ನಡ - ೧ was the first high budget show Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. It was broadcast by the channel "ETV Kannada" in 2013. The show was hosted by Sudeep. A prize amount of 50,00,000 was announced for the winner. The show lasted for 99 days starting from 24 March 2013 ("Grand Premiere") to 30 June 2013 ("Grand Finale"). A total of 15 contestants and 2 guests had entered the show. The Bigg Boss house, located in Lonavala, was fixed with 47 cameras to capture the

title: Kruttika Ravindra

text: Kruttika Ravindra Kruttika Ravindra, is a popular Kannada television and Kannada cinema actress who is best known for her acting in "Radha Kalyana" TV show which was telecast on Zee Kannada. She also appeared in the Kannada TV reality show "Bigg Boss Kannada 3", and aired on Colors Kannada Channel from 25 October 2015. She entered in the house on the first day of the show and was in the Bigg Boss house for 63 day. Kruttika was born to Havyaka Brahmin Parents in Sagar Taluk in Shivamogga district of Karnataka. Her father is late Sri. Ravindra and Mother Smt.

title: Bigg Boss Kannada 5

short_answers: Diwakar Niveditha Shruti


question: where does the sciatic nerve run in the foot

answers: on the posterior aspect

title: Sciatic nerve

text: behind (superficial to) the adductor magnus muscle, and is itself in front of (deep to) one head of the biceps femoris muscle. At the popliteal fossa, the nerve divides into its two branches: The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the human body. The sciatic nerve supplies sensation to the skin of the foot, as well as the entire lower leg (except for its inner side). Sensation to skin to the sole of the foot is provided by the tibial nerve, and the lower leg and upper surface of the foot via the common fibular nerve. The sciatic nerve

title: Sciatica

text: Sciatica Sciatica is a medical condition characterized by pain going down the leg from the lower back. This pain may go down the back, outside, or front of the leg. Onset is often sudden following activities like heavy lifting, though gradual onset may also occur. The pain is often described as shooting. Typically, symptoms are only on one side of the body. Certain causes, however, may result in pain on both sides. Lower back pain is sometimes present. Weakness or numbness may occur in various parts of the affected leg and foot. About 90% of sciatica is due to a

title: Sciatica

text: illness, or disease. Some use it to mean any pain starting in the lower back and going down the leg. Others use the term as a diagnosis (i.e. an indication of cause and effect) for nerve dysfunction caused by compression of one or more lumbar or sacral nerve roots from a spinal disc herniation. Pain typically occurs in the distribution of a dermatome and goes below the knee to the foot. It may be associated with neurological dysfunction, such as weakness and numbness. The pain is characteristically described as shooting or shock-like, quickly traveling along the course of the affected

title: Sciatica

text: sciatica at some point in time. Sciatica is most common during people's 40s and 50s and men are more frequently affected than women. Sciatica Sciatica is a medical condition characterized by pain going down the leg from the lower back. This pain may go down the back, outside, or front of the leg. Onset is often sudden following activities like heavy lifting, though gradual onset may also occur. The pain is often described as shooting. Typically, symptoms are only on one side of the body. Certain causes, however, may result in pain on both sides. Lower back pain is sometimes

title: Sciatica

text: nerve when the bearer sits down. Piriformis syndrome may be suspected as a cause of sciatica when the spinal nerve roots contributing to the sciatic nerve are normal and no herniation of a spinal disc is apparent. Sciatica may also occur during pregnancy, especially during later stages, as a result of the weight of the fetus pressing on the sciatic nerve during sitting or during leg spasms. While most cases do not directly harm the woman or the fetus, indirect harm may come from the numbing effect on the legs, which can cause loss of balance and falls. There is

title: Sciatic nerve

text: from spinal nerves L4 to S3. It contains fibers from both the anterior and posterior divisions of the lumbosacral plexus. The sciatic nerve is formed from the L4 to S3 segments of the sacral plexus, a collection of nerve fibres that emerge from the sacral part of the spinal cord. The fibres unite to form a single nerve in front of the piriformis muscle. The nerve passes beneath piriformis and through the greater sciatic foramen, exiting the pelvis. From here, it travels down the posterior thigh to the popliteal fossa. The nerve travels in the posterior compartment of the thigh

title: Sciatic nerve block

text: Sciatic nerve block A sciatic nerve block is a nerve block that uses local anesthetic to achieve analgesia in the leg. The block works by affecting the sciatic nerve and is used for surgeries at or below the knee. The sciatic nerve is located in the gluteus maximus muscle, where the block is performed. The sciatic nerve can be blocked at different locations. At the popliteal fossa, the sciatic nerve divides into its two branches: The tibial and the common peroneal nerve. If surgery is performed on the ankle, achilles tendon or foot a popliteal block can be performed, affecting

title: Sciatic nerve

text: also innervates muscles. In particular: Pain caused by a compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve by a problem in the lower back is called sciatica. Common causes of sciatica include the following lower back and hip conditions: spinal disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, lumbar spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and piriformis syndrome. Other acute causes of sciatica include coughing, muscular hypertension, and sneezing. Sciatic nerve injury occurs between 0.5% and 2.0% of the time during a hip replacement. Sciatic nerve palsy is a complication of total hip arthroplasty with an incidence of 0.2% to 2.8% of the time, or with an

title: Nerve plexus

text: nerves form the Sacral plexus. It is located on the posterior wall of pelvic cavity (pelvis minor). Nervi of the plexus innervate the perineal region, buttocks and the lower limb. The largest nerve of the human body, the sciatic nerve is the main branch, that give rami to the motor innervation of the muscles of the foot, the leg and the thigh. Common peroneal nerve and its branches innervate some part of the skin of the foot, the peroneal muscles of the leg and the dorsal muscles of the foot. Coccygeal plexus originate from S4, S5, Co1 spinal nerves. It

title: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction

text: is oftentimes superior to injection in the joint and seems to be a very underutilized diagnostic tool. In the early 1900s, dysfunction of the sacroiliac joint was a common diagnosis associated with low back and sciatic nerve pain. However, research by Danforth and Wilson in 1925 concluded that the sacroiliac joint could not cause sciatic nerve pain because the joint does not have a canal in which the nerves can be entrapped against the joint. The biomechanical relationship between the sacroiliac joint, the piriformis muscle (see “piriformis syndrome”), and the sciatic nerve had not yet been discovered. In 1934, the

title: Sciatic nerve block

text: the two branches of the sciatic nerve. It is done above the knee on the posterior leg where the sciatic nerve starts splitting into the common peroneal and tibial nerves. Sciatic nerve block A sciatic nerve block is a nerve block that uses local anesthetic to achieve analgesia in the leg. The block works by affecting the sciatic nerve and is used for surgeries at or below the knee. The sciatic nerve is located in the gluteus maximus muscle, where the block is performed. The sciatic nerve can be blocked at different locations. At the popliteal fossa, the sciatic nerve

title: Sciatica

text: typically diagnosed by physical examination, and the history of the symptoms. Generally if a person reports the typical radiating pain in one leg as well as one or more neurological indications of nerve root tension or neurological deficit, sciatica can be diagnosed. The most applied diagnostic test is the straight leg raise to produce Lasègue's sign, which is considered positive if pain in the distribution of the sciatic nerve is reproduced with passive flexion of the straight leg between 30 and 70 degrees. While this test is positive in about 90% of people with sciatica, approximately 75% of people with

title: Sciatica

text: include lumbar spinal stenosis, a condition in which the spinal canal, the space the spinal cord runs through, narrows and compresses the spinal cord, cauda equina, or sciatic nerve roots. This narrowing can be caused by bone spurs, spondylolisthesis, inflammation, or a herniated disc, which decreases available space for the spinal cord, thus pinching and irritating nerves from the spinal cord that become the sciatic nerve. Sciatic pain due to spinal stenosis is most commonly brought on by standing, walking, or sitting for extended periods of time. However, pain can arise with any position or activity in severe cases. The

title: Lumbar disc disease

text: material. Pain is in the distribution of the nerve compressed, usually down the back of the leg, side of the calf and inside of the foot (sciatica). Most commonly, the nerve root between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae or between the fifth lumbar vertebra and first sacral segment are impinged. In symptomatic cases the diagnosis should be confirmed by an MRI scan. However, in cases with slight symptoms, a faster and cheaper CT scan (although it is inferior to MRI scan) may be recommended. While a CT scan can show the bony structures in more detail, an MRI scan

title: Sciatica

text: no standard treatment for pregnancy-induced sciatica. Sciatica can also be caused by tumors impinging on the spinal cord or the nerve roots. Severe back pain extending to the hips and feet, loss of bladder or bowel control, or muscle weakness may result from spinal tumors or cauda equina syndrome. Trauma to the spine, such as from a car accident or hard fall onto the heel or buttocks, may also lead to sciatica. A relationship has been proposed with a latent "Propionibacterium acnes" infection in the intervertebral discs, but the role it plays is not yet clear. Sciatica is generally caused

title: Sciatica

text: spinal disc herniation pressing on one of the lumbar or sacral nerve roots. Spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, piriformis syndrome, pelvic tumors, and pregnancy are other possible causes of sciatica. The straight-leg-raising test is often helpful in diagnosis. The test is positive if, when the leg is raised while a person is lying on their back, pain shoots below the knee. In most cases medical imaging is not needed. However, imaging may be obtained if bowel or bladder function is affected, there is significant loss of feeling or weakness, symptoms are long standing, or there is a concern for tumor or infection.

title: Sciatica

text: nerves. Modifiable risk factors for sciatica include smoking, obesity, lower socioeconomic status, and occupation. Non-modifiable risk factors include increasing age, being male, and having a personal history of low back pain. Spinal disc herniation pressing on one of the lumbar or sacral nerve roots is the most frequent cause of sciatica, being present in about 90% of cases. Disc herniation most often occurs during heavy lifting. Sciatica caused by pressure from a disc herniation and swelling of surrounding tissue can spontaneously subside if the tear in the disc heals and the pulposus extrusion and inflammation cease. Other compressive spinal causes

title: Spinal nerve

text: nerve roots result in typical patterns of neurologic defects (muscle weakness, abnormal sensation, changes in reflexes) that allow localization of the responsible lesion. There are several procedures used in sacral nerve stimulation for the treatment of various related disorders. Sciatica is generally caused by the compression of lumbar nerves L4, or L5 or sacral nerves S1, S2, or S3, or by compression of the sciatic nerve itself. Spinal nerve A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body. In the human body there are 31 pairs of spinal

title: Spinal disc herniation

text: nerve, causing symptoms of sciatica. The femoral nerve can also be affected and cause the patient to experience a numb, tingling feeling throughout one or both legs and even feet or even a burning feeling in the hips and legs. A hernia in the lumbar region often compresses the nerve root exiting at the level below the disk. Thus, a herniation of the L4/5 disc compresses the L5 nerve root. Intradural disc herniation is a rare form of disc herniation with an incidence of 0.2-2.2%. Preoperative imaging can be helpful, but intraoperative findings are required to confirm. Diagnosis is made

title: Sciatic nerve

title: Acetabular fracture

text: these fractures easier. Tile's classification of acetabular fracture: Ideal x-ray visualization of an elementary fracture will depend on the fracture type: In all cases, CT scan can assist in identifying impacted bone pieces, which may be found within the joint, and MRI may be done to identify the extent of potential injury to the sciatic nerve. The broken bone pieces or the dislocated head of the femur may injure the sciatic nerve, causing paralysis of the foot; the patient may or may not recover sensation in the foot, depending on the extent of injury to the nerve. The posterior wall

title: Local anesthetic nerve block

text: slightly inferior to the inguinal ligament, and the nerve is under the fascia iliaca. The sciatic nerve block is done for surgeries at or below the knee. The nerve is located in the gluteus maximus muscle. The popliteal block is done for ankle, achilles tendon, and foot surgery. It is done above the knee on the posterior leg where the sciatic nerve starts splitting into the common peroneal and tibial nerves. The saphenous nerve block is often done in combination with the popliteal block for surgeries below the knee. The saphenous nerve is numbed at the medial part of the

title: Sciatica

text: pain is most commonly relieved by rest. Piriformis syndrome is a controversial condition that, depending on the analysis, varies from a "very rare" cause to contributing up to 8% of low back or buttock pain. In a small population of people, the sciatic nerve runs through the piriformis muscle rather than beneath it. When the piriformis shortens or spasms due to trauma or overuse, it is posited that this causes compression of the sciatic nerve. Piriformis syndrome has colloquially been referred to as "wallet sciatica" since a wallet carried in a rear hip pocket compresses the buttock muscles and sciatic

title: Sciatica

text: referred pain in the posterior thigh. Other causes of sciatica secondary to spinal nerve entrapment include the roughening, enlarging, or misalignment ("spondylolisthesis") of vertebrae, or disc degeneration that reduces the diameter of the lateral foramen through which nerve roots exit the spine. When sciatica is caused by compression of a dorsal nerve root, it is considered a lumbar radiculopathy or radiculitis when accompanied by an inflammatory response. Sciatica-like pain prominently focused in the buttocks can also be caused by compression of peripheral sections of the sciatic nerve usually from soft tissue tension in the piriformis or related muscles. Sciatica is

title: Sciatic nerve

text: sacral vertebrae, it may only work on the lumbar aspects of the sciatic nerves. Sciatic nerve injury may also occur from improperly performed injections into the buttock, and may result in sensory loss. Bernese periacetabular osteotomy resulted in major nerve deficits in the sciatic or femoral nerves in 2.1% of 1760 patients, of whom approximately half experienced complete recovery within a mean of 5.5 months. Sciatic nerve exploration can be done by endoscopy in a minimally invasive procedure to assess lesions of the nerve. Endoscopic treatment for sciatic nerve entrapment has been investigated in deep gluteal syndrome; "Patients were treated

title: Human leg

text: pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. In the posterior thigh it first gives off branches to the short head of the biceps femoris and then divides into the tibial (L4-S3) and common fibular nerves (L4-S2). The fibular nerve continues down on the medial side of biceps femoris, winds around the fibular neck and enters the front of the lower leg. There it divides into a deep and a superficial terminal branch. The superficial branch supplies the peroneus muscles and the deep branch enters the extensor compartment; both branches reaches into the dorsal foot. In the thigh, the tibial nerve gives

title: Piriformis muscle

text: the sciatic nerve also travels inferiorly to the piriformis. Piriformis muscle The piriformis () is a muscle in the gluteal region of the lower limbs. It is one of the six muscles in the lateral rotator group. It was first named by Adriaan van den Spiegel, a professor from the University of Padua in the 16th century. The piriformis muscle originates from the anterior (front) part of the sacrum, the part of the spine in the gluteal region, and from the superior margin of the greater sciatic notch (as well as the sacroiliac joint capsule and the sacrotuberous ligament). It

title: Inferior gluteal nerve

text: lumbosacral trunk, the first to third sacral ventral rami, and part of the fourth, the remainder of the last joining the coccygeal plexus. The sacral plexus is formed in the pelvis in front of the piriformis muscle. The sacral plexus is formed anterior to the piriformis muscle and gives rise to the sciatic nerve, the superior and inferior gluteal nerves, and the pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves. However, most of the sacral plexus nerves are scarcely recognizable, because they leave the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. From the pelvis, the anterior primary branches of the nerves entering the

title: Human leg

text: lumbar plexus. It supplies motor innervation to iliopsoas, pectineus, sartorius, and quadriceps; and sensory branches to the anterior thigh, medial lower leg, and posterior foot. The nerves of the sacral plexus pass behind the hip joint to innervate the posterior part of the thigh, most of the lower leg, and the foot. The superior (L4-S1) and inferior gluteal nerves (L5-S2) innervate the gluteus muscles and the tensor fasciae latae. The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S1-S3) contributes sensory branches to the skin on the posterior thigh. The sciatic nerve (L4-S3), the largest and longest nerve in the human body, leaves the

title: Posterior compartment of thigh

text: are innervated by the sciatic nerve, specifically by a main branch of it: the tibial nerve. (The short head of the biceps femoris is innervated by the common fibular nerve). The sciatic nerve runs along the longitudinal axis of the compartment, giving the cited terminal branches close to the superior angle of the popliteal fossa. The arteries that supply the posterior compartment of the thigh arise from the inferior gluteal and the perforating branches of the profunda femoris artery, a major collateral branch of the femoral artery and part of the anterior compartment of thigh. The femoral artery itself crosses

title: Sciatic nerve

long_answer: The sciatic nerve (/saɪˈætɪk/; also called ischiadic nerve, ischiatic nerve, "butt nerve") is a large nerve in humans and other animals. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body, going from the top of the leg to the foot on the posterior aspect. The sciatic nerve provides the connection to the nervous system for nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. It is derived from spinal nerves L4 to S3. It contains fibers from both the anterior and posterior divisions of the lumbosacral plexus.


question: what state courts can order a new trial

answers: appellate court

title: New trial

text: can occur if the verdict in the first trial was "guilty", or if there was no verdict. In other legal systems, the rules may be different. For example, in Canada, the Crown (prosecution) may seek leave to appeal an acquittal; if such an appeal is successful, a retrial may be ordered. New trial A new trial or retrial is a recurrence of a court case. Depending on the rules of the jurisdiction, a new trial may occur if: In some types of cases (for example, if the original trial court was not a court of record) or in some legal

title: State law (United States)

text: law, and so on. Most cases are litigated in state courts and involve claims and defenses under state laws. In a 2012 report, the National Center for State Courts' Court Statistics Project found that state trial courts received 103.5 million newly filed cases in 2010, which consisted of 57.8 million traffic cases, 20.4 million criminal cases, 19.0 million civil cases, 5.9 million domestic relations cases, and 1.9 million juvenile cases. In 2010, state appellate courts received 272,795 new cases. By way of comparison, all federal district courts in 2010 together received only about 282,000 new civil cases, 77,000 new criminal

title: Law of the United States

text: found that state trial courts received 103.5 million newly filed cases in 2010, which consisted of 56.3 million traffic cases, 20.4 million criminal cases, 19.0 million civil cases, 5.9 million domestic relations cases, and 1.9 million juvenile cases. In 2010, state appellate courts received 272,795 new cases. By way of comparison, all federal district courts in 2016 together received only about 274,552 new civil cases, 79,787 new criminal cases, and 833,515 bankruptcy cases, while federal appellate courts received 53,649 new cases. States have delegated lawmaking powers to thousands of agencies, townships, counties, cities, and special districts. And all the state

title: State court (United States)

text: the discretion to refuse to hear them). Cases in state courts begin in a trial court where lawsuits and criminal cases are filed and evidence is eventually presented if a case proceeds to a hearing or trial. Trials in these courts are often held only after extensive pre-trial procedures that in more than 90% of cases lead to a default judgment in a civil case, an agreed resolution settling the case or plea bargain resolving a criminal case, or pre-trial resolution of the case by a judge either on the merits or on procedural grounds. Territory outside of any state

title: Trial court

text: Court in New York. Not all cases are heard in trial courts of general jurisdiction. A trial court of limited jurisdiction is authorized to hear only specified types of cases. Trial courts of limited jurisdiction may be limited in subject-matter jurisdiction (such as juvenile, probate, and family courts in many U.S. states, or the United States Tax Court in the federal judiciary) or by other means, such as small claims courts in many states for civil cases with a low amount in controversy. Other trials do not take place in courts at all, but in quasi-judicial bodies or in administrative

title: Virginia Circuit Court

text: court, either party may move for a new trial based on any among a wide range of bases, particularly misconduct on the part of some party. Such a motion may also be premised on the discovery of new evidence, if the moving party can allege that its failure to present that evidence at the original trial was not due to a lack of diligence. A party may also seek a new trial if the damages returned are so high, or so low, as to "shock the conscience". In such a case, the judge may order a new trial as to

title: Cannabis trafficking penalties for juveniles

text: Criminal cases are usually tried at State level. If at the end of the trial the defendant is found guilty, he can appeal to the lower courts at Federal level. To decide whether to commence trial proceedings, the US Attorney must provide the Grand Jury with all evidence against the defendant, so they may decide whether the defendant is required to stand trial. Depending on the charges the Judge decides whether the defendant should be held in Jail until trial (cases can take up to 18 months before going to trial). Before a trial the defendant is often offered a

title: Jury trial

text: and custody modifications. Only eleven states allow juries in any aspect of divorce litigation (Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Nevada, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Wisconsin). Most of these limit the right to a jury to try issues regarding grounds or entitlement for divorce only. Texas provides jury trial rights most broadly, including even the right to a jury trial on questions regarding child custody. However, anyone who is charged with a criminal offense, breach of contract or federal offence has a Constitutional right to a trial by jury. "In the United States, a civil action is a

title: Trial court

text: Trial court A trial court or court of first instance is a court having original jurisdiction, in which trials take place. A trial court of general jurisdiction is authorized to hear some type of civil or criminal case that is not committed exclusively to another court. In the United States, the United States district courts are the trial courts of general jurisdiction of the federal judiciary; each U.S. state has a state court system establishing trial courts of general jurisdiction, such as the Florida Circuit Courts in Florida, the Superior Courts of California in California, and the New York Supreme

title: New Hampshire Superior Court

text: a trial court’s ruling to be heard by a separate court of appeals of which the trial court judge was not a member. New Hampshire Superior Court The New Hampshire Superior Court is the statewide court of general jurisdiction which provides jury trials in civil and criminal cases. There are 11 locations of the Superior Court, one for each county and two in Hillsborough County. The Superior Court has jurisdiction in the following matters: In Grafton, Rockingham and Sullivan Counties, the Family Division has jurisdiction over divorce, custody/support and domestic violence cases. The Superior Court has one Chief Justice of

title: Supreme Court of Indiana

text: of jurisdiction by the other lower courts of the state. When the Court accepts a case, it reviews the documentation of the trials in the lower court and sometimes allows oral arguments before making a decision. In some cases the justices will issue a decision without hearing arguments from either side and will base their decision solely on evidence submitted in the lower courts. The Court can order a new trial to take place in the local court, overturn the decision of lower courts and enforce its own decision, or uphold the decision of lower courts. The Court appoints three

title: Bell v. State

text: Bell v. State Bell v. the State of Georgia, 227 Ga. 800, 183 S.E.2d 357 (1971) is one of several cases in which the Supreme Court of Georgia set forth the standard by which an extraordinary motion for a new trial is to be judged. In order for a defendant to succeed when making such a motion after having discovered new evidence, the defendant must show The case stemmed from an appeal for a conviction centered on child hearsay testimony. This court decision and similar ones in the same and other U.S. states are designed to ensure the finality of

title: State court (United States)

text: trial court rules closely upon the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure with modifications to address types of cases that come up only in state practice (like traffic violations), and model their professional ethics rules closely upon models drafted by the American Bar Association with minor modifications. A minority of states, however, have idiosyncratic procedural rules, often based on the Field Code in place in many states before the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure were adopted. Importantly, neither California nor New York state follow federal models. Typically, state trial courts of limited jurisdiction have generally similar rules to state trial courts

title: Trial court

text: appellate courts do not have the authority to hear testimony or take evidence, but instead rule solely on matters of law. Trial court A trial court or court of first instance is a court having original jurisdiction, in which trials take place. A trial court of general jurisdiction is authorized to hear some type of civil or criminal case that is not committed exclusively to another court. In the United States, the United States district courts are the trial courts of general jurisdiction of the federal judiciary; each U.S. state has a state court system establishing trial courts of general

title: Hutaree

text: pleas in March 2012 to some NFA violations as part of a plea agreement. In February 2011, Judge Victoria A. Roberts set a new trial date of Sept. 13, 2011 after defense attorneys asked for more time to review the hundreds of pages of evidence prosecutors have provided them. Attorneys also cited the complexity of the case in asking for a delay. The case originally was to go to trial on February 28, 2011. Roberts first delayed the trial in December 2010 until April after attorneys made a similar request. Defense attorneys argued that statements made by Hutaree were constitutionally

title: State court (United States)

text: personal injury cases that do not involve workplace injuries (which are usually handled through a non-judicial workers compensation process). Many state court civil cases produce quick default judgments or pretrial settlements, but even considering only cases that actually go to trial, state courts are the dominant forum for civil cases. In Colorado, in 2002, there were 79 civil trials in federal court (41 jury and 38 non-jury), and 5950 civil trials in state court (300 jury and 5650 non-jury). Essentially all probate and divorce cases are also brought in state court, even if the parties involved live in different states.

title: State court (United States)

text: criminal prosecution for a felony or infamous misdemeanor. Two states (Louisiana and Oregon) do not require unanimous juries in non-capital criminal cases. Unlike non-criminal cases, criminal proceedings in state courts are primarily conducted orally, in person, in open court. In most, but not all states (California and New York are significant exceptions), the state supreme court or a related administrative body has the power to write the rules of procedure that govern the courts through a rule-making process. In a minority of the states, criminal and civil procedure are largely governed by state statutes. Most states model their general jurisdiction

title: State court (United States)

text: law, but federal courts only examine if the state courts applied those federal rights correctly on a direct appeal from the conviction to the U.S. Supreme Court, after state court direct appeals have been exhausted, or in a collateral attack on a conviction in a "habeas corpus" proceeding after all state court remedies (usually including a state court "habeas corpus" proceeding) have been exhausted. Some rights of criminal defendants that apply in federal court do not exist in state court. For example, in many states there is no constitutional right to be indicted by a grand jury before facing a

title: Timberlake v. State

text: for a new trial. In "Timberlake", the Court reiterated its earlier holdings in a long line of cases in which it had defined six criteria that a defendant must meet when requesting a retrial based on the discovery of new evidence: This list of six criteria has appeared, with almost identical wording, in a number of Georgia Supreme Court cases; "see", "e"."g"., 'Bell v. the State', 227 Ga. 800, 183 S.E.2d 357 (1971). In the case of "Davis v. the State", the defendant, who is under a sentence of death for a murder that he says that he did not

title: Appellate procedure in the United States

text: An appellate court is a court that hears cases on appeal from another court. Depending on the particular legal rules that apply to each circumstance, a party to a court case who is unhappy with the result might be able to challenge that result in an appellate court on specific grounds. These grounds typically could include errors of law, fact, procedure or due process. In different jurisdictions, appellate courts are also called appeals courts, courts of appeals, superior courts, or supreme courts.

title: Pro se legal representation in the United States

text: from the standard for determining whether such a defendant is competent to stand trial". A Senior Assistant State's Attorney explained that the new standard essentially allows judges to consider whether the defendants are competent enough to perform the skills needed to defend themselves, including composing questions for voir dire and witnesses. Some courts issue orders against self representation in civil cases. A court enjoined a former attorney from suing the new lover of her former attorney. The Superior Court of Bergen New Jersey also issued an order against "pro se" litigation based on a number of lawsuits that were dismissed

title: State of Illinois v. Alice Wynekoop

text: Frank Tyrrell, due to concern for a constant pain near the defendant's heart. Judge Joseph B. David responded by rescheduling for January 11 and asking for two days' notice if Wynekoop was not well enough for the trial to begin. If it needed to be delayed further, the trial would need to be transferred to another judge. As January 11 approached and Wynekoop's fitness for trial remained in question, Dougherty, stated, "'We're not going to allow them to bring the defendant before the jury on a cot or in a wheel chair, if we can help it." He would ask

title: State court (United States)

text: with a United States government party, and cases involving a diversity of citizenship between the parties). Often, a plaintiff can bring a matter either to state court or to federal court, because it arises under federal law, or involves a substantial monetary dispute (in excess of $75,000 as of October 26, 2007) arising under state law between parties that do not reside in the same state. If a plaintiff files suit in state court in such a case, the defendant can remove the case to federal court. There is no federal constitutional right to a trial by jury in a

title: New Hampshire Superior Court

text: New Hampshire Superior Court The New Hampshire Superior Court is the statewide court of general jurisdiction which provides jury trials in civil and criminal cases. There are 11 locations of the Superior Court, one for each county and two in Hillsborough County. The Superior Court has jurisdiction in the following matters: In Grafton, Rockingham and Sullivan Counties, the Family Division has jurisdiction over divorce, custody/support and domestic violence cases. The Superior Court has one Chief Justice of the Superior Court and up to 28 associate justices. Currently, 26 justices sitting in 11 locations in the 10 counties. All counties have

title: Criminal procedure in California

text: have a special hearing, called a Marsden hearing, where the District Attorney is not allowed to be in the room. There, the Defendant can explain how the Public Defender is not being helpful and the judge can decide if the Defendant should be given a new attorney. A defendant may choose to act as their own attorney by making a Faretta motion. This should be done as early as possible because making such a motion close to the trial date gives cause for the judge to deny the motion. Jury selection is a lengthy process in which the District Attorney

title: State court (United States)

text: in the United States, such as the District of Columbia or American Samoa, often has a court system established under federal or territorial law which substitutes for a state court system and is distinct from the ordinary federal court system. State trial courts are usually located in a courthouse, which is often in the county seat. Even when state trial courts include more than one county in a judicial district, it isn't uncommon for the state trial court to hold regular sessions at each county seat in its jurisdiction and function from the point of view of litigants as if

title: State court (United States)

text: only about 2% of criminal trials took place in federal court. Most jury trials in the United States (roughly five out of six jury trials conducted in any U.S. Court) take place in criminal cases in state courts. State courts do not have jurisdiction over criminal cases arising on Indian reservations even if those reservations are located in their state. Less serious crimes on Indian reservations are prosecuted in tribal courts. A large share of violent crimes that are prosecuted in federal court arise on Indian reservations or federal property, where state courts lack jurisdiction, since tribal court jurisdiction is

title: Continuance

text: Court ruled that the case should be remanded for a new trial, opining that the trial court should have limited news access prior to the trial. Change of venue requests, choice of a new venue and where the new venue is sought because of local prejudice varies in different jurisdictions. General case law is discussed. Continuances are traditionally granted to allow the defendant additional time for procuring an absent witness, or other evidence necessary for the defense or the prosecution of the applicant's case. Several factors are considered in issuing a continuance on the ground that a witness or evidence

title: Scottsboro Boys

text: The Alabama Supreme Court granted 13-year-old Eugene Williams a new trial because he was a juvenile, which saved him from the immediate threat of the electric chair. The Court upheld the lower court's change of venue decision, upheld the testimony of Ruby Bates, and reviewed the testimony of the various witnesses. As to the "newly discovered evidence", the Court ruled: "There is no contention on the part of the defendants, that they had sexual intercourse with the alleged victim ... with her consent ... so the defendants would not be granted a new trial." As to representation, the Court found

title: Oklahoma Court on the Judiciary

text: provide for discovery procedures in advance of trial; make rules governing procedure; grant full immunity to compel testimony under oath or obtain evidence; and other unspecified powers. The court has the exclusive jurisdiction to restrict or control or review the orders of the Appellate Division of the Court on the Judiciary and only the Appellate Division has the jurisdiction to restrict, control or review the orders of the Trial Division. Upon the court's request, district courts and the state's high courts can aid in carrying out its procedure and mandates. The jurisdiction of the Trial Division of the court may


question: who has the most followers in the world on instagram

answers: Instagram's own account

answers: Instagram

title: Maine Mendoza

text: her title as the Social Media Queen. She has also been nicknamed as The Phenomenal Star. In October 2015, Mendoza's Twitter account became the third fastest growing profile, her followers increased to 1,094,813 in just a few months. Due to her popularity, her social media accounts were hacked twice. One of those hacks happened in November 2015 where her Twitter was taken by a group of hackers who identified themselves as Anonymous Philippines. They posted series of tweets promoting the Million Mask March. Despite hacking the account, they promised to return it to the rightful owner. In less than 24

title: Xiaohongshu

text: Bigbang Seungri (Joined Oct. 8th, 2018), Pony (2.17 million followers). Besides superstars, a great number of influencers/KOL are using RED as a way to share their life with followers, like Ritatawang (3.5 million followers) and Coco (1.2 million followers). In Xiaohongshu, ordinary young users and consumers have the opportunity to become key opinion leaders. Ritatawang (Username: Ritatawang) : As a student of Central Saint Martins of Art and Design in London, Ritatawang started to share her understanding of fashion in Xiaohongshu and gained millions of followers. After graduation, she gave up offers from top fashion brands. Instead, she returned to

title: K-pop

text: strongly relied on Twitter, on which they are able to post their moments and share with the world. BTS’ twitter reached 10 million followers on November 13, 2017, making them the first South Korean act to do so. In 2017, BTS is the most tweeted-about artist in the United States and across the globe as well. Along with BTS, there are celebrities who are well known in the U.S., such as Justin Bieber and Harry Styles. In the global top 10 list, other Kpop groups, such as SEVENTEEN and Monsta X, showed up as well. EXO, a South Korean boyband,

title: Propaganda through media

text: deal of followers of Hamid on Twitter were demanded to find the highest trending topics in the UK and popular account names they could jump on to get the largest possible reach. As @Abu_Laila wrote: "We need those who can supply us with the most active hashtags in the UK. And also the accounts of the most famous celebrities. I believe that the hashtag of Scotland's separation from Britain should be the first." Facebook has made huge impact on society by allowing thousands of people to communicate with their family and friends, and be able to keep up-to-date with the

title: Justin Bieber

text: surpassed Lady Gaga for having the most followed person on Twitter in January 2013. In early November 2013, Katy Perry surpassed him for having the most followers. As of 2017, Bieber was the second most followed user of Twitter, while his VEVO channel made him the third most subscribed user of YouTube until by 2018 where it became the second most subscribed user of YouTube. The music video for Bieber's song "Baby" is the second most disliked on YouTube, receiving over 9.93 million dislikes since its upload in 2010, being only surpassed by the 2018 YouTube Rewind in December 2018.

title: Beauty YouTuber

text: has contributed to the popularity and widespread production of videos in this format . As of August 2018, the most subscribed beauty YouTuber in the world was Mexico's Mariand Castrejon Castañeda, popularly known as Yuya. The following table lists the 10 most subscribed beauty and style YouTube channels, including country, language, and subscriber count, as of August 2018. In April 2017, "Forbes" magazine released its list of "Top Influencers" in social media for 2017. The following table lists the top 10 beauty "influencers," including country, as chosen by "Forbes". Combined, these ten YouTubers had over 46.5 million YouTube subscribers. The

title: Marialejandra Marrero

text: the "Best Influencer" category. She was nominated to the MTV Millennial Awards 2017 in the ""Styler del Año"" Category. Marialejandra Marrero María Alejandra Marrero (born March 21, 1991) better known as Mariale, is a Venezuelan Internet Personality residing in Los Angeles, California. She is better known for hosting and producing the YouTube channels "Mariale", "SinPatuque" and "Mar". With a combined following of more than 13,000,000 people just on YouTube. She is currently signed with CAA, one of the most important Talent Agencies in the World. In 2016 she received the Venezuelan “"Cacique de Oro"” award for best Venezuelan Influencer. In

title: K-pop

text: is announced to be the most followed celebrity that entered Twitter in 2017. According to Sin Chang Seob, the CEO of Twitter Korea, the usage of Twitter by Kpop artists has led to a massive increase on the number of South Korean and international users. Matters related to Kpop often attract the fandom to discuss actively. Another major way Twitter has helped spread K-pop is at different award ceremonies across the world. At the 2017 and 2018 Billboard Music Awards, BTS won the award for Top Social Media Artist, which fans were able to vote for with the Twitter hashtag

title: Matty Mo

text: such as Gucci and his "#selfiewall" in the Venice Beach neighborhood in Los Angeles was dubbed by Los Angeles Magazine as being "The Most Instagramable Wall in L.A." Before creating the group, "The Most Famous Artist," Mo attended Stanford University and had a career in advertising technology. In 2013, while he was the CEO of AlphaBoost, he was vacationing with Jesse Thomas in India when Thomas posted photos and video of Monahan drunk and nude to his personal and company social media accounts. The incident jeopardized Alphaboost acquisition talks that Mohanan was involved in. Mo launched his platform, "The Most

title: Rola (model)

text: 29, 2012. After three days, she gained over 190,000 followers. After two weeks, the number had risen to over 430,000, the largest number amongst Japanese models, followed by Tsubasa Masuwaka and Kyary Pamyu Pamyu. It reached over 670,000 by April 13, 2012, and 1,000,000 in October 2012. In June 2014, she became the fourth Japanese celebrity to exceed two million followers. , she has the third highest number of followers (over 3.43 million) for a Japanese celebrity, second amongst Japanese female celebrities. In 2013, Rola launched a brand of fragrances called "Vasilisa". She has two perfumes, and five body mists.

title: Yuya (YouTuber)

text: Yuya (YouTuber) Mariand Castrejón Castañeda (born March 13, 1993), better known as Yuya, is a Mexican beauty vlogger and YouTuber. Yuya is the 36th most-subscribed YouTube channel in the world. She is the most popular YouTuber in the style category, and the second-most popular YouTuber in Mexico. It was estimated that Yuya earned 41,000 USD per month in 2015. Yuya created her YouTube channel, called "lady16makeup," in 2009 after winning a YouTube make-up contest when she was 16 years old. In March 2016, she was one of seven female YouTube creators who joined the United Nations' Sustainable Development Action Campaign,

title: Lilly Goodman

text: of the most sought-after public personalities in social media, where currently has more than 7.29 million followers and exceeds 109.6 million views on her official YouTube channel. Many cities and countries have recognized Goodman as a distinguished visitor. She has also received numerous awards and nominations over the years which include the Latin Grammy for his most recent album, and Cassandra Awards (currently “Soberano”). The various categories contain Album of the Year, Song of the Year, Artist of the Year, Female Artist of the Year, Female Vocalist of the Year, Christian Album of the Year, and Contemporary Christian Music. Her

title: Yuya (YouTuber)

text: YouTuber. Yuya (YouTuber) Mariand Castrejón Castañeda (born March 13, 1993), better known as Yuya, is a Mexican beauty vlogger and YouTuber. Yuya is the 36th most-subscribed YouTube channel in the world. She is the most popular YouTuber in the style category, and the second-most popular YouTuber in Mexico. It was estimated that Yuya earned 41,000 USD per month in 2015. Yuya created her YouTube channel, called "lady16makeup," in 2009 after winning a YouTube make-up contest when she was 16 years old. In March 2016, she was one of seven female YouTube creators who joined the United Nations' Sustainable Development Action

title: TikTok

text: Some include #posechallenge, #filterswitch, #makeeverysecondcount, #wannalisten, #pillowchallenge, #furrywar, and more. This list contains the top 10 accounts that had the most followers on TikTok, which has previously merged with musical.ly. This list contains the top 10 accounts that had the most followers on Douyin, which is the Chinese version of TikTok and mostly used in China. TikTok TikTok, also known as Douyin () in China, is a social media app for creating and sharing videos as well as live broadcasting. Launched in September 2016 by ByteDance, it is a leading short video platform in Asia and has extended to other

title: Rachel Levin

text: most diverse artists on YouTube. While she is well known for her lifestyle, comedy, beauty, fashion and DIY videos, she has dealt with social issues in her videos such as bullying, self-image, and suicide.she was featured in an episode of Steve Harvey. Rachel Levin Rachel Claire Levin (alias RCLBeauty101; born February 24, 1995) is an American YouTuber and beauty guru, known for her YouTube channel RCLBeauty101. A native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Levin was noted as the number one social media influencer under 21 in the world on Zefr's. At times, RCLBeauty101 has been the fastest growing YouTube channel in the

title: Sonia Gil

text: most influential person in travel social media by travel blog Skift in May 2014. Sonia Gil was born in Venezuela, in a multilingual family, grew up in Caracas and Boca Raton, Florida, and attended Cornell University where she studied plant genetics. During the first few years of college, Gil worked on an Internet start-up. The portal loquesea.com was online from 1997 to 2002 and it was widely known as a very early social network for young people. The company "became the largest network of sites for youths in Latin America", and at some point had "19 sites running in 4

title: Zoella

text: 1 Teen Awards; the 2014 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award for "UK Favourite Vlogger"; and the 2014 Teen Choice Award for "Choice Web Star: Fashion/Beauty". Sugg was listed as one of "The Telegraph's" "40 best beauty bloggers" in September 2014, and "Queen of the Haul" by British Vogue in November. Hers was the fourth most popular channel in the UK in 2014. She was included in the 2015 "Debrett's 500", listing the most influential people in Britain, under the New Media category. In 2015 she was named as the "Most Inspirational Women of the Decade" in technology by "Grazia" and she

title: Lele Pons

text: for the creative things she already did. Speaking to "Teen Vogue", Pons said "I started with my friends, and I started becoming bad. At first it was just being really creative - it wasn't even funny stuff." Her follower base continued to grow, and Pons has said that it "got to the point where a lot of people depended on me to make them... just so they could get a laugh." She became the first "Viner" to reach one billion loops. Before the platform shut down in 2016, Pons had become the most-looped and most-followed Viner of all time. In

title: Amanda Oleander

text: of the proceeds going to the American Disaster Relief Fund. Oleander has currently garnered nearly 53 million "loves,” otherwise known as likes on the app, and close to 600,000 followers. Oleander is an internationally recognized artist. She goes back and forth between digital illustrations to using traditional mediums, including but not limited to painting, graphite sketches and marker/pen illustrations. Oleander credits Amedeo Modigliani, Shel Silverstein, Tim Burton and Pablo Picasso as her biggest influencers. In 2015, her artwork was featured by Cosmopolitan, and Oleander was named on their list of 'Internet's most fascinating'. Oleander became known for her “little eyes”

title: List of most-followed Instagram accounts

text: This list contains the top 25 accounts with the most followers on the social photo-sharing platform Instagram. As of December 2017, the most followed user is Instagram's own account, with over 230 million followers.  Selena Gomez is the most followed individual, with over 132 million followers. Eight accounts have exceeded 100 million followers on the site.

title: Shanira Blanco

text: in 2015. SOCIAL MEDIA Shanira Blanco is currently one of Puerto Rico's Top Influencers on Social Media. With around 500,000 followers on Facebook alone, Shanira has worked in social media campaigns with clients like Walgreens, Mastercard, Cointreau, Ford, Kleenex, Campbells, Prego, Yaucono Coffee, 20th Century Fox, Maybelline, Pizza Hut, Dreamworks, Lancome, Mirta de Perales, Casera Foods and many more. Shanira Blanco Shanira Blanco Colón (born August 1, 1981) is a Puerto Rican TV Presenter and Model, Social Media Influencer and former national director of Miss Mundo de Puerto Rico and Miss Earth Puerto Rico. Shanira Mariette Blanco Colón was born

title: Cherprang Areekul

text: the most followers and usually has the longest queues at handshake events. Many people consider her as the image of BNK48. When Northeastern Thailand suffered severe floods in August 2017, eight autographed portraits of her and other BNK48 members were auctioned off to raise money for the flood victims. Her photo alone fetched , and the auction gained a total of . She won the 39th place in the 2018 general election of AKB48, an annual polling event to find the 100 most popular 48 Group members to participate in an AKB48 single. On 20 September 2017, Thailand's national youth

title: Rachel Levin

text: Rachel Levin Rachel Claire Levin (alias RCLBeauty101; born February 24, 1995) is an American YouTuber and beauty guru, known for her YouTube channel RCLBeauty101. A native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Levin was noted as the number one social media influencer under 21 in the world on Zefr's. At times, RCLBeauty101 has been the fastest growing YouTube channel in the world. Levin has been featured on the front cover of magazines such as "Adweek". Fans of her channel are referred to as "Levinators". As a result of her large fan base, she has become a household name amongst the teenage demographic, according

title: Bianca Heinicke

text: of October 2018. The baby boy's name is unknown. Bianca Heinicke Bianca Claßen (born 6 February 1993, née Heinicke), better known by her YouTube channel name BibisBeautyPalace, is a German fashion and beauty YouTuber. As of August 2018 she has over 5.2 million subscribers on YouTube. Claßen began making YouTube videos in December 2012. Her videos focus on hair, makeup, fashion, travel, lifestyle and challenges In 2014, she won an award in the Beauty, Fashion, and Lifestyle category at the Play Awards. As of 2017, she had the fourth most popular YouTube channel in Germany. In May 2017, Claßen released

title: Zoella

text: also appears alongside many other YouTubers on the channel Daily Mix, which is managed by Gleam. Throughout her time on YouTube, Sugg has collaborated with other YouTubers, including: Louise Pentland, Tanya Burr, Alfie Deyes, Tyler Oakley, Miranda Sings, Troye Sivan, Grace Helbig, and many others. Sugg is influential through social media, being mentioned by "The Telegraph" as one of "Britain's most influential Tweeters" in 2013. , Sugg's main YouTube channel has over 12 million subscribers and over 1 billion video views, and is the 147th most subscribed channel on the website; her second channel "MoreZoella" has over 4.8 million subscribers

title: Lojain Omran

text: Hala", "Around the Gulf" and "World of Eve". "Forbes" included her at number 55 in their 2017 list of 100 Arabic celebrities, one of five Saudi people listed. She is reported to have 5.4 million followers on social media, and has been described as "one of the most influential media personalities in the Middle East", and as one of the five "most popular fashion and beauty influencers" affecting millennials in the UAE. Gulf Business listed her as number 87 in its Arab Power List 2018, describing her as "Influencer / TV Host". Lojain Omran Lojain Omran (born 1977) is a

title: Jimin (singer, born 1995)

text: idol in a survey conducted by "Gallup Korea". In the 2017 he came in at 7th and in the 2018 survey he ranked at number one. In 2018, Jimin was the ninth most tweeted about celebrity and the eighth most tweeted about musician in the world. He was picked as the seventeenth best boyband member ever by The Guardian. In the same year an English K-pop fan named Oli London spent £75,000 (about US$100,000) on cosmetic surgery to look like Jimin. London's transformation was documented in "Hooked on the Look", a television series about extreme plastic surgery. All song credits

title: Lupita Nyong'o

text: UK magazine "Dazed & Confused". In April of that year, she was named "The Most Beautiful Woman" by "People". and was named the new face of Lancôme, making her the first black woman to appear on the brand. Later that November, she was named "Woman of the Year" by "Glamour". Nyong'o was on the July 2014 cover of "Vogue", making her the second African woman and ninth black woman to cover the magazine. That same month she also appeared on the cover of July's issue of "Elle" (France). She appeared on the October 2015 issue of American "Vogue", making it

title: Ana Hickmann

text: Records" as "the model with the longest legs". She has been named as one of the most beautiful women in the world by GQ Italia in 2001. As a model, she has starred in advertisements and walked the runway for designers such as Giorgio Armani, Roberto Cavalli, Betsey Johnson, Kenzo, Hanae Mori, Alexandre Herchcovitch, Emanuel Ungaro, Lorenzo Riva, Leonard, Lolita Lempicka, Yves Saint Laurent, Yohji Yamamoto, Neiman Marcus, Schwarzkopf, Gai Mattiolo, La Perla, L'Oréal, Wella, Nivea, Valisere, Cia Marítima, Rosa Chá, Ellus, Cori, Vizzano, Equus Golden Lady, Adidas, Tic Tac, Volkswagen, LG, Sensodyne, Beauty Color, Rommanel, Marcyn, Recco, Britânia, among

title: Nah Cardoso

text: unique show. Brazilian blogger is super connected in fashion and she is inspired by Kylie Jenner. According to a survey of the site Purebreak Brazil, Nah Cardoso is it girl dearest of Brazil in a dispute with Maju Trinity. 73% of the votes went to Nah Cardoso. Nah Cardoso Natalia de Barros Cardoso (born 22 March 1993) is a Brazilian actress, blogger, and youtuber with more than 6 million followers on social networks, her blogs are a fashion reference for many young people. In 2016 she was named one of the celebrities on the Notorious Brazil's list. Natalia de Barros

short_answers:
Instagram
Instagram's own account