question: who was elected president in mexico in 2000

answers: Vicente Fox

title: Eugenio Hernández Flores

text: Balboa and Susana Flores Fernández. He studied civil engineering at the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education. He is married to Adriana González de Hernández with whom he has four children. In his earliest professional life he worked in the construction industry, where he became President of the Chamber of the Mexican Construction Industry and President of the municipal Commission the Water and Sewer System. He was affiliated with Institutional Revolutionary Party in 1997. In 1999 during the presidential campaign of Francisco Labastida Ochoa, Eugenio Hernández was appointed as state’s campaign coordinator in Tamaulipas. The same year, he was

title: Luis Carlos Ugalde

text: Democracy in Latin America, and Mexican Politics. Today, Luis Carlos Ugalde is the Executive Director and founder of Integralia Consultants, a firm dedicated to research and consultancy in areas related to transparency, accountability, good governance, and political and legislative intelligence. Luis Carlos Ugalde Luis Carlos Ugalde Ramírez (born 1966 in Mexico City) is a Mexican scholar who served as president of the Federal Electoral Institute from 2003 to 2007. Luis Carlos Ugalde received a Ph.D. in Political Science (1999) and a Master's Degree in Political Science (1994) and Public Administration (1992), all from Columbia University. He also holds a B.A.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: September. On 5 December 2018, he attended George H. W. Bush's funeral. Carlos Salinas de Gortari Carlos Salinas de Gortari (; born 3 April 1948) is a Mexican economist and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as President of Mexico from 1988 to 1994. Earlier in his career he worked in the Budget Secretariat eventually becoming Secretary. He was the PRI presidential candidate in 1988, and was declared elected on 6 July 1988 after a controversial electoral process and accusations of electoral fraud. His presidency was characterized by a profundization of the neoliberal, free trade economic

title: Yeidckol Polevnsky

text: 2002 as first woman president. In 2005 she was nominated by the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) as the candidate for governor for the 2005 State of Mexico election. She lost to Enrique Peña Nieto of the PRI, who would later on become President of Mexico in 2012. In the 2006 general election she supported the presidential campaign of Andrés Manuel López Obrador and was elected to the Senate, representing the State of Mexico. In 2014, she resigned from the PRD and joined the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) and ran as a mayoral candidate for Naucalpan, State of Mexico

title: María de los Ángeles Moreno

text: María de los Ángeles Moreno María de los Angeles Moreno Uriegas (born January 15, 1945 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician who was the first woman in Mexico to be elected president of a political party. Moreno Uriegas is the daughter of Manuel Moreno and Amalia Uriegas Sánchez. She holds a bachelor's degree in economics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and pursued graduate studies at the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague, Netherlands. Moreno Uriegas is an active member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) since 1960. She served in the cabinet of President Carlos

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: Carlos Salinas de Gortari Carlos Salinas de Gortari (; born 3 April 1948) is a Mexican economist and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as President of Mexico from 1988 to 1994. Earlier in his career he worked in the Budget Secretariat eventually becoming Secretary. He was the PRI presidential candidate in 1988, and was declared elected on 6 July 1988 after a controversial electoral process and accusations of electoral fraud. His presidency was characterized by a profundization of the neoliberal, free trade economic policies initiated by his predecessor Miguel de la Madrid, mass privatizations of

title: José López Portillo

text: José López Portillo José Guillermo Abel López Portillo y Pacheco, RSerafO (; June 16, 1920 – February 17, 2004) was a Mexican lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 51st President of Mexico from 1976 to 1982. López Portillo was the only official candidate in the 1976 Presidential election, being the only President in recent Mexican history to win an election unopposed. López Portillo was the last of the so-called economic nationalist Mexican presidents. His tenure was marked by heavy investments in the national oil industry after the discovery of new oil reserves,

title: Juan Carlos Pérez Góngora

text: Góngora was the PRI candidate for the 2009 San Pedro Garza García municipal presidency election. Juan Carlos Pérez Góngora Juan Carlos Pérez Góngora (born 27 August 1960) is a Mexican lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served in the lower house of the Mexican Congress from 2003 to 2006. Pérez Góngora received a bachelor's degree in accounting from the Universidad Regiomontana (UR) and a master's degree in taxes from the Instituto de Especialización para Ejecutivos, AC (IEE). He also has pursued doctorate studies at the Universidad Regiomontana. He served as president of the Chamber of

title: Martha Hilda González Calderón

text: of the State of Mexico, while she served as a women's leader and municipal councilor in the local PRI and pursued her master's degree in Political Sociology from the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences in Paris. Two years after graduating with her master's in 1993, she received her doctorate degree in the same discipline from the Paris Dauphine University. She went on to teach French and political analysis. In the late 1990s, González Calderón's Mexican political career resumed. She became a deputy attorney for the Toluca Valley in 1999 and left that position to spend a year

title: Patricia Mercado

text: for competing in the primary election for the Social Democracy (in Spanish: "Democracia Social") nomination in the 2000 presidential elections against party leader Gilberto Rincón Gallardo and heading "México Posible", a defunct political party that failed to secure its registry in the 2003 federal election. While in campaign, she actively promoted abortion rights, gay marriage, the legalization of marijuana and unsuccessfully took several Catholic bishops to court for distributing political pamphlets against her party. She was the presidential candidate for Alternativa during the 2006 elections, obtaining 2.7% of the popular vote, which was enough to secure the party's national registration.

title: Mireille Roccatti

text: During her early career, she was a municipal judge, a criminal court judge and superior court magistrate in the State of Mexico, as well as the legal director for PEMEX. In 1993, she became the founding president of the Comisión de los Derechos Humanos (Human Rights Commission) for the State of Mexico, staying in the position until 1996. She was in the position for less than a year when dozens of inmates mutinied at an overcrowded state prison, which led to the deaths of sixteen inmates in 1993. She launched an investigation into the matter and send a strong report

title: Víctor González Torres

text: Víctor González Torres Víctor González Torres (born July 1, 1947 in Mexico City), is a Mexican businessman who ran as a write-in candidate in the 2006 Mexican presidential election. He is nicknamed "Dr. Simi" after the mascot of his national drugstore franchise, "Farmacias Similares". Despite not being an official candidate, he made a massive marketing campaign to enter the election. Many media outlets covered his campaign and his struggle with the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) for legitimacy, while others considered him a sort of "comic relief". He is the founder and director of an associated charitable body, The Group for

title: Roberto Madrazo

text: the PRI and by neutralizing political adversaries within the party. He is married to Isabel de la Parra Trillo. Madrazo sought the PRI's presidential candidacy in 2000 but lost to Francisco Labastida, a former governor of Sinaloa and former Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of President Ernesto Zedillo, whom Madrazo perceived as having chosen Labastida as his successor in the Mexican political tradition of the "dedazo" ("the finger", referring to hand-chosen presidential succession). The PRI had never lost a presidential election since its founding, and the party's structure made the president the arbiter of its internal affairs. Although

title: Ernesto Zedillo

text: Ernesto Zedillo Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León, GColIH (; born 27 December 1951) is a Mexican economist and politician. He was President of Mexico from 1 December 1994 to 30 November 2000, as the last of the uninterrupted 71-year line of Mexican presidents from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). During his presidency, he faced the worst economic crisis in Mexico's history, which started only weeks after he took office. He distanced himself from his predecessor Carlos Salinas de Gortari, blaming his policies for the crisis (although President Zedillo himself did not deviate from the neoliberal policies of his two predecessors),

title: Emilio Lozoya

text: Energy, Mines and State Owned Industry, a post in which he ended the administration. Emilio Lozoya Thalmann is the son of Jesús Lozoya Solís, a leading surgeon pediatrician, politician, General in the Mexican Army and an important businessman, and the father of Emilio Lozoya Austin, former CEO of Pemex. Emilio Lozoya Emilio Lozoya Thalmann (born 1948) is a Mexican economist and politician, member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party. He was Secretary of Energy during the government of Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Emilio Lozoya graduated in Economics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico and holds a Master of Business Administration

title: Emilio González Márquez

text: he was elected to serve in the LVII Legislature of the Mexican Congress. González presided over the PAN in the State of Jalisco from 1999 to 2002. In 2004 he was elected municipal president of Guadalajara; he left the position in 2005 seeking his party nomination for the governorship of Jalisco; he won his party's internal bid with 55.17% of the votes. Emilio González Márquez Emilio González Márquez (born November 12, 1960 in Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). He served as Governor of Jalisco. González was an active member of

title: Luis Carlos Ugalde

text: Luis Carlos Ugalde Luis Carlos Ugalde Ramírez (born 1966 in Mexico City) is a Mexican scholar who served as president of the Federal Electoral Institute from 2003 to 2007. Luis Carlos Ugalde received a Ph.D. in Political Science (1999) and a Master's Degree in Political Science (1994) and Public Administration (1992), all from Columbia University. He also holds a B.A. in Economics from Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) (1990). Dr. Ugalde has combined a solid career in academics and consulting with high-ranking positions within the Mexican government. Most notably, he served as president of Mexico´s Electoral Commission (Instituto Federal

title: Heriberto Félix Guerra

text: Heriberto Félix Guerra Jesus Heriberto Felix Guerra (Culiacan, Sinaloa, March 12 of 1962) is a Mexican economist and entrepreneur invited to the policy since 2004, a supporter of the National Action Party. He graduated in economics from the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey. He served as Secretary of Social Development of Mexico by appointment of then President Felipe Calderon Hinojosa since December 9 of 2009 to November 30 of 2012. Heriberto Felix was born in the city of Culiacan, Sinaloa state capital (northwestern Mexico). He is married to Lorraine Clouthier Carrillo (daughter of former presidential candidate of

title: Bernardo de la Garza

text: Bernardo de la Garza Bernardo de la Garza Herrera (born October 14, 1970 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician and former candidate for the Partido Verde Ecologista de México (PVEM, "Ecologist Green Party of Mexico") in the 2006 presidential election. He is married to Ana María de la Garza and has one son and one daughter. He graduated from the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies with a bachelor's degree in accountancy, received a master's degree in management from the University of California at Los Angeles and specialized in finance at the Autonomous Technology Institute of Mexico (ITAM).

title: Mexican general election, 2000

text: The presidential elections were won by Vicente Fox of the Alliance for Change, who received 43.4% of the vote, the first time the opposition had won an election since the Mexican Revolution.  In the Congressional elections the Alliance for Change emerged as the largest faction in the Chamber of Deputies with 224 of the 500 seats, whilst the Institutional Revolutionary Party remained the largest faction in the Senate with 60 of the 128 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was between 63 and 64% in the elections.

title: President of Mexico

text: his brother, Raúl Salinas, freed after he was jailed in the early days of Zedillo's term, accused of drug trafficking and planning the assassination of José Francisco Ruiz Massieu. Carlos Salinas also wrote a book on neo-liberal Mexico, secured a position with the Dow Jones Company in the United States, and worked as a professor at several prestigious universities in that country. Felipe Calderón was given a contract to work as a professor for Harvard University in 2013, but he returned to Mexico in 2014. It was rumored that he would look after the then newly created Humanist Party; this

title: Arturo Montiel

text: the federal Ministry of the Interior. At the state level he was secretary of economic development and presided twice over the local branch of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). In 1999, during his gubernatorial campaign for the State of Mexico, he portrayed himself as a tough-on-crime candidate, using a series of radio spots in which he implied that criminals did not deserve human rights protection, saying "human rights are for humans, not for rats" ("rat" being common slang for "thief"). He won the election by simple majority and served from 1999 until 2005. On August 4, 2005, he was elected

title: Enrique Peña Nieto

text: Enrique Peña Nieto Enrique Peña Nieto (; born 20 July 1966), commonly referred to by his initials EPN, is a Mexican politician who served as the 57th President of Mexico, from 2012 to 2018. He previously served in the State of Mexico as Secretary of Administration (2000–2002), Representative (2003–2004), and State Governor (2005–2011). Born in Atlacomulco and raised in Toluca, Peña Nieto attended Panamerican University graduating with a B.A. in legal studies. He began his political career after attaining a M.B.A. from ITESM, by joining the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in 1984. After serving as a public notary in Mexico

title: Carlos Hank González

text: Carlos Hank González Carlos Hank González (1927–2001), nicknamed "El Profesor" ("The Professor"), was a Mexican politician and influential businessman. Originally a teacher, he was an entrepreneur who built political contacts along with a business empire, leading to various government and political positions at the state (State of Mexico) and national level. He was prevented from seeking the presidency due to laws requiring both parents to be Mexicans by birth; his father was German. He became a main powerbroker of then ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and was regarded as "the most powerful fixture in Mexican politics for 30 years because

title: Luis Carlos Ugalde

text: of Mexico to the United States of America, from 1997 to 2000. Ugalde showed political ambitions form an early stage and was linked to the long time ruling party of Mexico, the PRI, where he served as part of the idelogy commission, linked to Jesus Reyes Heroles. He was appointed president of the Federal Electoral Institute by Congress in October 2003. During the 2006 Presidential Election, Ugalde came under fire, as one of the candidates demanded a recount in the midst of a widely questioned election. The electoral authorities under Ugalde were accused of being complicit in electoral fraud. Eventually,

title: Enrique Martínez y Martínez

text: presidential election. He is married to María Guadalupe Morales and has two sons and a daughter: Enrique, Eduardo and Ana Sofía. Enrique Martínez y Martínez Enrique Martinez y Martinez (born 10 November 1948 in Saltillo) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Revolutionary Institutional Party. He has served as Mexico's Ambassador to Cuba since 2016. He previously served as Governor of Coahuila from 2 December 1999 to 1 December 2005. Martínez y Martínez received a bachelor's degree in economics from the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies. After graduation, he taught several courses in economics at the Autonomous University

title: Cecilia Soto González

text: Cecilia Soto González Cecilia Soto González (born January 24, 1950 in Hermosillo) is a Mexican politician, currently affiliated to the Party of the Democratic Revolution and serving as a federal deputy to the LXIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress. She was the presidential candidate of the Labor Party (PT) in 1994. Soto González was born in Hermosillo and began her political career in the Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution; she was a member of its National Executive Committee between 1985 and 1993. She was a local deputy to the LII Legislature of the Congress of Sonora, which met from

title: Luis Echeverría

text: Luis Echeverría Luis Echeverría Álvarez, (; born 17 January 1922) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 50th President of Mexico from 1970 to 1976. At , he is currently the oldest living former Mexican president. His presidency was characterized by his authoritarian manners, the 1971 Corpus Christi massacre against student protesters, the Dirty War against leftist sublevations in the country (while adopting a leftist-populist rhetoric himself), and the economic crisis that occurred in Mexico towards the end of his term. At the international stage, he attempted to become a leader of

title: José López Portillo

text: unpopular Mexican presidents in recent history. López Portillo was the last economic nationalist president to emerge from the ranks of the Institutional Revolutionary Party. Subsequent presidents have all been for free trade ("librecambismo"). López Portillo's first wife was Carmen Romano. However, López Portillo after his presidency divorced Carmen and married in 1995 his longtime partner, the Yugoslavian-born actress Sasha Montenegro. They had two children (Nabila and Alejandro) but later separated. He was the brother of late Mexican novelist Margarita López Portillo, who died on May 8, 2006, of natural causes. He died in Mexico City when he was 83 years

title: Tatiana Clouthier

text: Tatiana Clouthier Tatiana Clouthier (b. August 12, 1964, Culiacan, Sinaloa) is an educator, politician and writer who came to national attention in Mexico as the 2018 presidential campaign manager for Andrés Manuel López Obrador. Her work in social media for the campaign has been particularly recognized. Clouthier is one of eleven children born to Leticia Carrillo and politician Manuel Clouthier, the 1988 National Action Party presidential candidate who died in an automobile crash in 1989, when she was in her mid-20s. She is one of three children to go into politics. She stated that while she does not deny her

title: Mexican general election, 2000


question: who is known as the father of indian constitution

answers: Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar

title: Mahendra Pal Singh

text: Mahendra Pal Singh Mahendra Pal Singh (born 15 July 1940), popularly known as M.P. Singh, is a renowned constitutional law scholar of India. He is best known amongst students of Constitution of India for being the revising author of "V.N. Shukla's Constitution of India" a standard textbook for lawyers on Constitution of India. Internationally however, he is more famous amongst scholars of comparative constitutional law and comparative administrative law for his work, "German Administrative Law in Common Law Perspective". Professor Singh was born in an ordinary farmer's family in a village called Jitholi in the district of Meerut in Uttar

title: Mahendra Pal Singh

text: Their three children are Sandhya, Shailendra and Swati. Mahendra Pal Singh Mahendra Pal Singh (born 15 July 1940), popularly known as M.P. Singh, is a renowned constitutional law scholar of India. He is best known amongst students of Constitution of India for being the revising author of "V.N. Shukla's Constitution of India" a standard textbook for lawyers on Constitution of India. Internationally however, he is more famous amongst scholars of comparative constitutional law and comparative administrative law for his work, "German Administrative Law in Common Law Perspective". Professor Singh was born in an ordinary farmer's family in a village called

title: Rameshwar Prasad Sinha

text: Rameshwar Prasad Sinha Rameshwar Prasad Sinha (also transliterated as Rameshwar Prasad Singh) was an Indian statesman and a participant in the Indian independence movement. He was a Member of the Constituent Assembly of India which was elected to write the Constitution of India, and served as its first Parliament as an independent nation. He was also a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Bihar. He was known for his oratorical skills and his speeches to the masses, both in English and Hindi. He started practising law in 1915, but gave it up in 1921 to take part in Mahatma Gandhi's

title: Hans Raj Khanna

text: he explained, "if no provision were made for amendment of the Constitution, the people would have recourse to extra-constitutional methods like revolution". This judgement clarified and partially over-ruled the court's earlier verdict in Golak Nath by holding that Parliament could amend the Constitution, particularly the right to property. Justice Khanna is renowned for his courage and independence during the period that has been called the darkest hour of Indian democracy, during the Indian Emergency (1975-1977) of Indira Gandhi. The emergency was declared when Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha of the Allahabad High Court invalidated the election of Indira Gandhi to the Lok

title: Constitution Day (India)

text: of 2015 was the 125th birth anniversary of Ambedkar, who had chaired the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly and played a pivotal role in the drafting of the constitution. Previously this day was celebrated as Law Day. 26 November was chosen to spread the importance of the constitution and to spread thoughts and ideas of Ambedkar. Since 2015 was the 125th birth anniversary year of B. R. Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), who is known as the drafter of the Indian constitution, the government decided in May 2015 to celebrate this year "in a big way".

title: Harendra Coomar Mookerjee

text: Harendra Coomar Mookerjee Harendra Coomar Mookerjee (1887–1956), also spelt as H.C. Mookherjee or H.C. Mukherjee or H.C. Mukerji or H.C. Mukerjee, was the Vice-President of the Constituent Assembly of India for drafting the Constitution of India before Partition of India, and the first Governor of West Bengal after India became a republic with partition into India and Pakistan. He was an educationalist, prominent Christian leader of Bengal, and was the chairman of the Minority rights committee and Provincial constitution committee of the Constituent Assembly—consisting of indirectly elected representatives to draft the Constitution of India, including for provinces of present Pakistan

title: Hans Raj Khanna

text: He also wrote an autobiography, "Neither Roses nor Thorns", (Lucknow, 1985). In the conclusion of his "Making of India's constitution", he writes: If the Indian constitution is our heritage bequeathed to us by our founding fathers, no less are we, the people of India, the trustees and custodians of the values which pulsate within its provisions! A constitution is not a parchment of paper, it is a way of life and has to be lived up to. Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty and in the final analysis, its only keepers are the people. Imbecility of men, history teaches

title: Constitution of India

text: Constitution of India The Constitution of India (IAST: ) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect. It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with a declaration in

title: Beohar Rammanohar Sinha

text: Beohar Rammanohar Sinha Beohar Rammanohar Sinha (15 June 1929 – 25 October 2007) was an Indian artist who is very well known for his illustrations in the original final manuscript of Constitution of India, including the complete Preamble-page, which was brought to fruition in 1949 as one of the most beautiful Constitution in the world in addition to being the most comprehensive one. He is also known as a cultural ambassador of India who disseminated Indian art in the Far East, and brought Oriental Art to India. His works are housed in numerous prestigious public and private collections throughout the

title: Constitution of India

text: Raj Khanna wrote: Constitution of India The Constitution of India (IAST: ) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect. It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with

title: Subhash C. Kashyap

text: Subhash C. Kashyap Subhash C. Kashyap (born 10 May 1929) is a former Secretary-General of 7th Lok Sabha, 8th Lok Sabha and 9th Lok Sabha and Lok Sabha Secretariat (Lower House of Parliament of India) from 1984 to 1990. He is well known Political Scientist, expert in Indian Constitution, Constitutional Law, Parliamentary Experts and distinguished scholar. He also headed an International Centre for Parliamentary Documentation,IPU at Geneva till 1983. He was Honorary Constitutional Advisor to the Government of India on Panchayati Raj Laws and Institutions. He is also Recipient of several prestigious awards for the Best Books in Constitution, Law

title: J. R. Mudholkar

text: – September 1960 and was acting Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court during August – September 1960. He was amongst the first Indian Supreme Court justices to proclaim the notion that later became known as the Basic Structure of the Indian Constitution. In his separate concurring judgment agreeing with the majority to dismiss the petition of Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan, Mudholkar averred, somewhat hesitatingly, that constitution had certain "basic features" that cannot be amended by Parliament through its amending powers under Article 368: "Before I part with this case I wish to make it clear that what

title: Jawaharlal Nehru

text: would be the normal constitutional procedure. Jawaharlal Nehru Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was a freedom fighter, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He is considered to be the architect of the modern Indian nation-state: a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. He was also

title: Hormasji Maneckji Seervai

text: changes to the Constitution of India. His most famous case, ""Keshavananda Bharati vs the State of Kerala" " 1973, perhaps is a case the full repercussions of which have not yet completely been understood but which stands as the defining and distinguishing part of democracy under the written constitution vs. the British model. The decision in this matter established that a legislature, elected for the legislative process, does not have the ability to amend the basic structure of the constitution. This in itself indicates a departure from the British Westminster democracy, where the unwritten constitution can be amended at will

title: Moturi Satyanarayana

text: its drafting was a major accomplishment. Moturi Satyanarayana Satyanarayana Moturi (2 February 1902 – 6 March 1995) was an Indian freedom fighter alongside Mohandas Gandhi until 1947 and then a member of the Constituent Assembly of India which drafted the Indian Constitution. He was a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha (the Upper House in the Indian government) until 1966. He was instrumental in making Hindi an official language in the Indian Constitution, while tolerating the other major Indian languages. He devoted his later life to helping spread Hindi in South India. Moturi was born in Dondapadu village in the

title: Kesavananda Bharati

text: Supreme Court of India that outlined the basic structure doctrine of the constitution. Indian national newspaper "The Hindu", in April 2013, on the occasion of the 40th anniversary, noted that this was the case which saved the Indian democracy and thanked Shri Kesavananda Bharati and jurist Nanabhoy Palkhivala for the same. He is the present head and guru of Sri Edneer Mutt which belongs to the parampara of Sri Thotakacharya, one of the first four disciples of Sri Adi Shankaracharya and follows Smartha Bhagawatha tradition of Advaitha Pantha which has more than 1200 years of history of religion, culture, art,

title: Granville Austin

text: was awarded a Padma Shri award, the fourth highest civilian honor of the Republic of India. National Translation Mission of the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India has selected "The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation" for translation into Indian languages. The book has already been published in Telugu, Marathi, Punjabi, Odia, Hindi and Malayalam languages. Granville Austin Granville Seward Austin (1927 – 6 July 2014) was an American historian of the Indian Constitution. Austin received most of his early education at Norwich, Vermont, USA. Austin graduated from Dartmouth College with a BA in American Literature.

title: Prasanna Kumar Patasani

text: High Court under Article 348 (2) of the Constitution of India. Dr. Prasanna PAtasani is termed as the principal leader leading Odia language to be declared as the Classical Language status in India since he argued that the History of Odia Language and Odia script in Pali too and is very much available in the caves of Khandagiri and Udaya Giri in Bhubaneswar which goes back to three thousand years. Prasanna Kumar Patasani Prasanna Kumar Patasani ()(born 27 April 1946) is a Lawyer, Philosopher, Poet, and Member of the 16th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Bhubaneswar constituency of

title: The Emergency (India)

text: brought about extensive changes to the letter and spirit of the Constitution, is one of the lasting legacies of the Emergency. In the conclusion of his "Making of India's Constitution", Justice Khanna writes: If the Indian constitution is our heritage bequeathed to us by our founding fathers, no less are we, the people of India, the trustees and custodians of the values which pulsate within its provisions! A constitution is not a parchment of paper, it is a way of life and has to be lived up to. Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty and in the final analysis,

title: B. R. Ambedkar

text: Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Baba Saheb, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist Movement and campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the rights of women and labour.  He was Independent India's first law minister, the principal architect of the Constitution of India and a founding father of the Republic of India.

title: Bal Gangadhar Tilak

text: Bal Gangadhar Tilak Bal Gangadhar Tilak (or Lokmanya Tilak, ; 23 July 1856 – 1 August 1920), born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, teacher, lawyer and an independence activist. He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities called him "The father of the Indian unrest." He was also conferred with the title of "Lokmanya", which means "accepted by the people (as their leader)". Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj ("self-rule") and a strong radical in Indian consciousness. He is known for his quote in Marathi: "Swarajya

title: Tej Bahadur Sapru

text: Tej Bahadur Sapru Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, KCSI, PC (8 December 1875 – 20 January 1949) was a prominent Indian freedom fighter, lawyer and politician. He was a key figure in India's struggle for independence, helping draft the Indian Constitution. He was the leader of the Liberal party in British-ruled India. Tej Bahadur Sapru was born in Aligarh in the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He was born in a Kashmiri Hindu family. He was educated at the Agra College. Sapru worked in the Allahabad High Court as a lawyer where Purushottam Das Tandon, a future nationalist leader, worked as

title: R. Venkataraman

text: R. Venkataraman Ramaswamy Venkataraman (, 4 December 191027 January 2009) was an Indian lawyer, Indian independence activist and politician who served as a Union Minister and as the eighth President of India. Venkataraman was born in Rajamadam village in Tanjore district, Madras Presidency. He studied law and practised in the Madras High Court and the Supreme Court of India. In his young age, he was an activist of the Indian independence movement and participated in the Quit India Movement. He was appointed as the member of the Constituent Assembly and the provisional cabinet. He was elected to the Lok Sabha

title: Kazi Syed Karimuddin

text: include Syed Mukassir Shah, former chairman of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council and Justice M.M. Qazi, former chairman of the Maharashtra Administrative Council and retired judge of the Bombay High Court Kazi Syed Karimuddin Kazi Syed Karimuddin MA, LLB (19 July 1899, in Yavatmal District, Maharashtra – 14 November 1977) was a member of the Constituent Assembly of India that framed the Indian Constitution. The son of Kazi Syed Nasiruddin and Dayanath Begum, he studied at the Aligarh Muslim University founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. A criminal lawyer "par excellence", he was a prominent member of the Congress party.

title: Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer

text: Nandita Haksar, Rama Devi and M. Jagannadha Rao. Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer Dewan Bahadur Sir Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer (14 May 1883 – 3 October 1953) was an Indian lawyer and member of the Constituent Assembly of India, which was responsible for framing the Constitution of India. He also served as the Advocate General of Madras State from 1929 to 1944. Noted neuroscientist Vilayanur S. Ramachandran is the grandson of Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer. Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer was born in 1883 in the small village of Pudur in Madras State (present day Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh). His father, Ekamra Sastry, was a

title: T. R. Andhyarujina

text: the Court. He has also authored "Judicial Activism and Constitutional Democracy in India" (1992) and "Judges and Judicial Accountability" (2002). He wrote frequently on constitutional and public law in law journals and newspapers. www.flipkart.com/kesavananda-bharati-case-untold-story-struggle-supremacy-supreme-court-parliament-english/p/itmd5aaxxk2yh2tj T. R. Andhyarujina Tehmtan R. Andhyarujina (17 November 1933 – 28 March 2017) was an Indian lawyer and jurist. He was a designated senior advocate and practised at the Supreme Court of India. He was the Solicitor General of India from 1996 to 1998. Prior to that he was the Advocate-General of Maharashtra from 1993 to 1995. He specialized in the field of constitutional law, human

title: Mahendra Pal Singh

text: University of Lucknow under the guidance of the leading constitutional law expert, Professor V.N. Shukla, whose learned work on Indian Constitution he now revises. He later followed it up with another LL.M at the Columbia Law School, where he had the opportunity to study under one of the foremost authorities on administrative law and civil liberties, Professor Walter Gellhorn. He came back to India to read for his LL.D from the University of Lucknow. In 1970, Professor Singh joined the Faculty of Law, University of Delhi, where he was to remain as a Professor of Law until 2005. At the

title: Hormasji Maneckji Seervai

text: readers alike. Simplicity In many respects, Seervai, the man, was greater than Seervai, the lawyer, but the two characters were inextricably mixed, making him the most respected person in law and giving him that indefinable eminence over several lawyers of his day who were reputed to be clever and more astute than he was. Seervai is best known for his 1967 analysis, the "Constitutional Law of India – a Critical Commentary". This work contributed significantly to the "Kesavananda Bharati vs. The State of Kerala" case (1973) that led to the development of the "Basic structure doctrine", which inhibits politically motivated

title: Ranganath Misra

text: Ranganath Misra Ranganath Misra (25 November 1926 – 13 September 2012) was as the 21st Chief Justice of India, serving from 25 September 1990 to 24 November 1991. He was also the first chairman of the National Human Rights Commission of India. He also served as Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha from the Congress Party between 1998-2004. Ranganath Misra was born on 25 November 1926 in Banapur, Odisha into an Odia family. His father, Godavaris Mishra (sometimes spelt Godabarish Misra), was an Odia litterateur and congress politician who became education minister of Orissa state in 1941 while India was

title: Constitution Day (India)

text: Constitution Day (India) Constitution Day (National Law Day), also known as Samvidhan Divas, is celebrated in India on 26 November every year to commemorate the adoption of Constitution of India. On 26 November 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India, and it came into effect on 26 January 1950. The Government of India declared 26 November as Constitution Day on 19 November 2015 by a gazette notification. The Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi made the declaration on 11 October 2015 while laying the foundation stone of the B. R. Ambedkar memorial in Mumbai. The year

title: B. R. Ambedkar


question: when did the sims 4 toddlers come out

answers: January 2017

answers: January 12, 2017

answers: the January 2017 patch

title: The Sims 4

text: The Sims 4 The Sims 4 is the fourth major title in the life simulation video game series "The Sims". Developed by The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts, "The Sims 4" was originally announced on May 6, 2013, and was released in North America on September 2, 2014 for Microsoft Windows. A Mac compatible version of the game was made available for digital download on February 17, 2015. "The Sims 4" is the first PC game to top all-format charts in two years. The game has received mixed reviews since its release, with the majority of criticism directed

title: The Sims 4

text: towards its lack of content. Since its launch, it became the best selling PC game of 2014 and 2015. As of June 2018, "The Sims 4" has sold over 10 Million copies worldwide. To date EA has released six expansion packs. The most recent is , which was released on November 16, 2018. There have also been several "game packs" released, including "Parenthood" which allows the players to shape the characters' children and teenagers as they go through life, as well as free updates that include major changes such as the addition of a toddler life stage that was previously

title: The Sims

text: Studio. "The Sims 4" takes place in an alternative setting from the previous installment of the game. Later in 2014, further details on features and gameplay were announced. A release date of September 2, 2014 was announced at E3 2014. As of November 2018, six expansion packs, six game packs, and fourteen stuff packs have been released for the fourth generation of the series. Updates have added content that was previously absent due to time restraints, such as basements, ghosts, pools, and toddlers. New careers have also been added. The game has sold over 10 million copies worldwide since its

title: The Sims 4

text: e-mail to several fansites stating that there would be a big announcement on May 6, 2013, which many speculated would be "The Sims 4". On August 20, 2013, "The Sims 4" was revealed via gameplay demo and release trailer at Gamescom. Previews of the building and character creation systems debuted earlier in 2014. Additional game footage and the release date were revealed at the Electronic Entertainment Expo on June 9, 2014. Gameplay was unveiled during Gamescom 2013, held at the Koelnmesse in Cologne, Germany. Unveiled features focused on the improved Create-a-Sim with an all-new click-and-drag feature omitting the use of

title: The Sims 4

text: release date of the game, September 2, 2014, during a press conference at the Electronic Entertainment Expo on June 9, 2014. "The Sims 4" was released on September 2 for North America and September 4 for EU, Australia and Brazil. On June 28, 2014, a video was released showing the "originality" of each sim and their emotions. In January 2015, Maxis announced "", the first paid DLC for "The Sims 4". The DLC focuses on outdoor activities in the national park. Until mid-2017, there were no plans for a console release. However, versions of the game for the PlayStation 4

title: The Sims 2

text: single parents or same-gender couples. The baby will change into a toddler in 3 days, and 4 more days for the toddler to change into a child. After 8 days, the child grows into a teenager, and will live 15 days before changing into an adult. After 29 days, the Sim will become an elder. An elder will eventually die; the length of this final stage depends on the aspiration bar when they become an elder. Babies, toddlers, children, teens, and adults can be advanced to their next life stage at any time during the 24 Sim hours before they

title: The Sims 4

text: sliders and the addition of emotion-based gameplay. Select players called Yibsims who mostly manage fan sites and YouTube videos were invited to Sims Camp to see the game before the public and press, consequently the game received minimal coverage outside fansites. Maxis stated the game would run better on lower-end PCs than "The Sims 3", which was plagued with performance issues on low-end and high-end PCs. It was suspected that "The Sims 4" was scheduled to be released in early 2014, but it was later revealed it would in fact be released September 2, 2014. On May 14, 2014, producer

title: The Sims 4

text: back. Maxis contended that it was not possible to include every feature in the new game that had been added over time in the six years "The Sims 3" was in development, and that these could always be added at a later date, although they did not confirm exactly how this would be done, or whether it would be free or at a cost. Some have speculated that many new features would be released through paid expansion packs, but others speculated that some of the more "basic, core" content (i.e. pools, toddlers) may be released as free patch updates, similar

title: The Sims 2

text: a female Sim and a male Sim try for a baby. The mother will spend 3 Sim days (each day lasts 24 minutes though time can be sped-up) pregnant before giving birth to a baby. During Pregnancy, the belly does not expand gradually. Instead, every day, it "pops" to a bigger size. Players can name the new Sim upon birth. The baby's appearance and personality will be based on the genetics of its parents (though the baby's appearance is hidden until it becomes a toddler). Babies can also be adopted by calling the social worker on the phone, even by

title: The Sims 2

text: use of raster images, though it appears more lifelike. "The Sims 2" characters pass through seven life stages — babies, toddlers, children, teenagers, young adults (only with "University"), adults, and elders — with eventual death of old age, while babies in "The Sims" only become children before ceasing to continue aging. The aspiration system (described above) is also new to "The Sims 2". Sims can become pregnant and produce babies that take on genetic characteristics of their parents, such as eye color, hair color, facial structure, and personality traits as opposed to Sims, in which the baby would take on

title: The Sims 4

text: the hatred for Electronic Arts that greatly intensified after the release of the latest "SimCity" game, resulted in such a backlash. Tan gave "The Sims 4" a 3.5/5, calling it "woefully incomplete, despite being unexpectedly solid and entertaining in its current state". The Sims 4 The Sims 4 is the fourth major title in the life simulation video game series "The Sims". Developed by The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts, "The Sims 4" was originally announced on May 6, 2013, and was released in North America on September 2, 2014 for Microsoft Windows. A Mac compatible version of

title: The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs

text: The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs is an expansion pack for "The Sims 4", that was released on November 10, 2017. It features a new world called Brindleton Bay and will add cats and dogs into the game. It allows players to create their own veterinary practice and to pursue a veterinary career. It takes elements from "The Sims Unleashed", "" and "". "Electronic Arts" announced at Gamescom 2017 that players would be able to create cats and dogs with "The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs". For the first time in the companies' history,

title: The Sims 4: Get to Work

text: The Sims 4: Get to Work The Sims 4: Get to Work or Get to Work is the first expansion pack for the strategic life simulation computer game "The Sims 4". It was announced on February 4, 2015 and was released in North America on March 31, 2015. It includes four new active careers; Detective, Doctor, Scientist and retail business. The game also features a new neighborhood called Magnolia Promenade where you can go shopping. It takes elements from "" and "". Get to Work image color is Golden Orange. The expansion pack features songs re-recorded in the fictional Simlish

title: The Sims

text: Since the 9th expansion of "The Sims 3", "," which was released in March 2013, the "Sims" franchise has been back in development control of EA Maxis, including expansion packs and new developments, with The Sims Studio operating inside of the label. Eleven expansion packs and nine stuff packs were released for the third generation of the series. In addition, many items are available online for additional fees at "The Sims 3" Store. Electronic Arts announced "The Sims 4" on May 6, 2013. The announcement stated that the game was in development by EA Maxis, and within it, The Sims

title: The Sims 4

text: was developed by The Sims Studio standalone from the (at the time) diminished Maxis. "The Sims 4" is a single-player game, and does not require a constant Internet connection to play. Players will however need an Origin account and Internet access during the initial installation process for game activation. Ilan Eshkeri serves as the composer for the game's orchestral soundtrack, which was recorded at Abbey Road Studios and performed by the London Metropolitan Orchestra. On April 25, 2013, several screenshots from mock-up flash videos of the user interface were leaked online. On May 3, 2013, Electronic Arts sent out an

title: The Sims 4

text: On February 2, they announced via the official The Sims Twitter feed that the Mac version of The Sims 4 would be released on February 17, 2015. Earlier in the development process, a fan-site interview with a producer had revealed Create-a-Style (CAS), a customization feature introduced in the previous "Sims" game, would not be added to "The Sims 4" in lieu of other features. The developers then announced through a series of tweets that the game would ship with a 'stripped-down' version of story-progression (a gameplay mechanic controlling neighborhood autonomy), and that basements, grocery stores, and school and work locations

title: The Sims 2

text: fulfilling motives). Pregnancy, toddlers, teens, and elders are new stages of life. Young adult is a unique age added with the "University" expansion. Teen Sims will become young adults once they are moved to a University, and will be adults once they leave campus, regardless of the reason. In "The Sims 2", Create a Family is entered by clicking the "Families" button in the lower left-hand corner of the neighborhood view, then clicking the large "Create New Family" button. Clicking the button labeled "Create A Sim" will expand a tab which has the "Create a Sim" and "Make a Child"

title: The Sims 3

text: option of giving freckles, beauty marks, and tattoos to their Sims. There are several skill-dependent abilities, such as more social interactions available from high charisma, special songs for guitar players, and appliance upgrades (self-cleaning, more TV channels, etc.) for high handiness. Sims can begin building skills as early as their toddler days. While skills do not show up in the meter right away, using skill building objects is rewarded once the toddler grows into a child. The basic skills include Logic, Cooking, Painting, Gardening, Writing, Guitar, Athletic, Handiness, Charisma and Fishing. New skills were later added in expansion packs. When

title: The Sims 3: Generations

text: The Sims 3: Generations The Sims 3: Generations is the fourth expansion pack for The Sims 3, which EA announced by press release and video trailer on April 5, 2011. The game was released on May 31, 2011. It contains elements of "The Sims 2: Family Fun Stuff", "", "The Sims 2: Teen Style Stuff", "", "", and "The Sims 2: Celebration! Stuff". It is the first major expansion pack that does not contain a game manual, instead containing a simple install guide with the serial code attached. All packs from this point on do not contain a manual. In

title: The Sims 4

text: Seven life stages are available including baby, toddler, child, teenager, young adult, adult and elder. The baby life stage is accessible only through the birth of a Sim and not available in Create A Sim. Toddlers were initially absent from the original game release, but were added in the January 2017 patch.

title: The Sims 3

text: sliders have been introduced. However, toddlers do not have the option to have their weight customized. The expansion pack also added sliders for breast size and muscle definition that are also included in the base game. Expanded skin tone options have also been added. Each skin tone can be further customized with a light to dark slider. The player is able to pick their Sim's shoes, a feature previously limited to console versions of The Sims and The Sims 2. There are a total of 22 hairstyles for female Sims and 17 hairstyles for male Sims with more available through

title: Maxis

text: an EA restructure saw The Sims Studio reintegrated with the revitalised EA Maxis label, and since the 9th expansion of "The Sims 3", "," which was released in early 2013, "The Sims" was back in development control of EA Maxis, including expansion packs and developments, with The Sims Studio operating inside EA Maxis. On May 6, 2013, it was announced that Maxis would be developing "The Sims 4". The game was released internationally in September 2014. "Spore" was released on September, 2008. Players create species starting at the single cell level, and develop them into sentient life. The goal is

title: The Sims 4

text: and Xbox One were officially confirmed for release on November 17, 2017. In June 2018, it was announced that "The Sims 4" will continue to produce new content through 2021. On September 26, 2018, plans were announced to add mouse and keyboard support to the console version of the game. In October 2018, according to an article published by "Gamespace", a live stream was held by Maxis Monthly announcing new features such as terrain manipulation and the Style Influencer career. It was also announced that "The Sims 4" will be upgraded from Python 3.3.5 to 3.7.0, which will result in

title: The Sims 3

text: The Sims 3 The Sims 3 is the third major title in the life simulation video game developed by The Sims Studio (Maxis) and published by Electronic Arts. It is the sequel to "The Sims 2". It was announced that it was in development for PlayStation 3 and Wii in November 2006, and later announced for OS X and Microsoft Windows. It was first released on June 2, 2009 simultaneously for OS X and Microsoft Windows – both versions on the same disc. Smartphone versions were also released on June 2, 2009. Console versions were released for PlayStation 3, Xbox

title: The Sims 4

text: the developer's focus on "The Sims 4"'s new core game engine technologies, and that the sacrifices the team had to make were a "hard pill to swallow": Franklin stated new features such as Sim emotions, advanced Sim animation, interaction and behaviours, as well as the new Create-a-Sim and build mode tools as a large part of the reason that detracted focus from features such as swimming pools and the toddler life stage. However, on October 1, 2014, Maxis confirmed that one of its missing features, swimming pools, along with other new updates and features, would be added into the game

title: The Sims 2: Pets

text: The Sims 2: Pets The Sims 2: Pets is the fourth expansion pack in "The Sims 2" series of games published by Electronic Arts. It was also sold as a stand-alone game for several consoles. "The Sims 2: Pets" was announced on July 26, 2006 and released on October 18, 2006 in North American and via download, as well as on October 20, 2006 to the rest of the world, except for Australia/New Zealand, where it was released on October 26, 2006. Aspyr released a port of the game for Mac OS X on November 7, 2006. It was released

title: The Sims 3

text: expansion packs, "", was released in October 2013. A sequel, "The Sims 4", was released in September 2014 for PC and in November 2017 for consoles. "The Sims 3" is built upon the same concept as its predecessors. Players control their own Sims' activities and relationships in a manner similar to real life. The game play is open-ended and does not have a defined goal. Challenges occur randomly based on aspects of each Sim's lifestyle, such as relationships, skills and job. Career opportunities such as working overtime or completing special tasks can yield a pay raise, cash bonus, or relationship

title: The Sims

text: and similar to the Wii's Mii avatars). The first game in the series was released in September 2007. It is also known for being the first "Sim" game released in Japan. "MySims SkyHeroes", the newest addition to the "MySims" line of games, was released in September 2010. "The Sims 3", "", and "" were released for the iPhone/iPod Touch. In addition, "The Sims 3" was also released for Android mobile systems and the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and Nintendo DS in October 2010, and the Wii in November 2010, and the Nintendo 3DS on March 25, 2011 in Europe. The

title: The Sims 4

text: non-existent. "The Sims 4" is a life simulation game, similar to its predecessors. Players create a Sim character and control their life to explore different personalities which change the way the game plays out. Sims can multitask such as talk while doing a task. Sims' moodlets also change the gameplay. For example, a Sim can do a task while being either angry or totally excited. Similar to previous "Sims" games, player-created challenges abound. One of the most prevalent is the Legacy Challenge, in which players create a single Sim and try to make its family line last for ten generations.

title: The Sims 4

text: 6 and up in Germany, "The Sims 4" is suitable for ages 6 and up in Germany as well. In Japan, "The Sims 4" is rated CERO C (ages 15 & up). Also, in South Korea, the game is rated for ages 15 & up. In many European countries, like Spain, UK, France, Poland, and the Czech Republic, the game is rated PEGI 12 (12 & up). Compilations of expansion packs, game packs and stuff packs without the core game have also been released. EA did not provide review copies of the game until September 1, meaning that critics were

title: The Sims 4

short_answers:
January 2017
the January 2017 patch


question: when does the world cup of hockey start

answers: 2020

title: World Cup of Hockey

text: the inaugural event. Eight years later, the second installment of the World Cup of Hockey took place in 2004, just prior to the 2004–05 NHL lockout. Canada won its first tournament championship, defeating the Czech Republic in the semifinals and Finland in the final match. On January 24, 2015, NHL commissioner Gary Bettman announced the 2016 World Cup of Hockey to be held in September 2016 at Air Canada Centre in Toronto. The 2016 edition featured a slightly modified format: alongside the Big Six countries, there were two all-star teams, consisting of Team Europe and an under-23 Team North America.

title: 2016 World Cup of Hockey

text: 2016 World Cup of Hockey The 2016 World Cup of Hockey (abbreviated WCH2016) was an international ice hockey tournament. It was the third installment of the National Hockey League (NHL)-sanctioned competition, 12 years after the second World Cup of Hockey in 2004. It was held from September 17 to September 29 at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario. Canada won the championship, defeating Team Europe in the best-of-three final. The teams were officially announced on September 10, 2015 by the International Ice Hockey Federation. The teams are: The national anthem for each team playing was played before the start

title: World Cup of Hockey

text: World Cup of Hockey The World Cup of Hockey is an international ice hockey tournament. Inaugurated in 1996, it is the successor to the Canada Cup, which ran from 1976 to 1991 and was the first international hockey championship to allow nations to field their top players. The World Cup has occurred thrice before on an irregular basis, with the United States winning in 1996 and Canada winning in 2004 and 2016. Following the 2016 tournament, plans exist for future tournaments to be held on a regular basis every four years. The World Cup of Hockey is organized by the

title: 2016 World Cup of Hockey

text: the tournament. 2016 World Cup of Hockey The 2016 World Cup of Hockey (abbreviated WCH2016) was an international ice hockey tournament. It was the third installment of the National Hockey League (NHL)-sanctioned competition, 12 years after the second World Cup of Hockey in 2004. It was held from September 17 to September 29 at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario. Canada won the championship, defeating Team Europe in the best-of-three final. The teams were officially announced on September 10, 2015 by the International Ice Hockey Federation. The teams are: The national anthem for each team playing was played before

title: World Cup of Hockey

text: National Hockey League (NHL) and the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA), unlike the annual World Ice Hockey Championships and quadrennial Olympic tournament, both run by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). World Cup games are played under NHL rules and not those of the IIHF, and the tournament occurs prior to the NHL pre-season, allowing all the NHL's players to be available, unlike the World Championships, which overlaps with the NHL's Stanley Cup playoffs. The World Cup of Hockey was preceded by the Canada Cup, which began in 1976 in a combined effort from Doug Fisher of Hockey Canada

title: World Cup of Hockey

text: and Alan Eagleson of the NHL Players' Association. Taking inspiration from soccer's FIFA World Cup, Eagleson proposed a new tournament that would bring together all the top hockey–playing nations. After successful negotiations with hockey officials from the Soviet Union in September 1974, Eagleson began arranging the Canada Cup tournament, which debuted in 1976. It was the first international ice hockey tournament that allowed hockey nations to field their top players, as the Winter Olympics was a strictly amateur competition and the annual World Championships clashed with the Stanley Cup playoffs. The tournaments, held every three to five years, took place

title: Hockey World Cup

text: Hockey World Cup The Men's Hockey World Cup is an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). The tournament was started in 1971. It is held every four years, bridging the four years between the Summer Olympics. There is also a Women's Hockey World Cup, which has been held since 1974 and was organised by the International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations (IFWHA) until 1981, when the governing bodies merged into the current International Hockey Federation in 1982. Pakistan is the most successful team, having won the tournament four times. The Netherlands and Australia have each

title: World Cup of Hockey

text: made from a composite alloy of copper and nickel as well as solid cast urethane plastic. The trophy was criticized by the sports community, noting the "Toronto Sun"'s headline "What is that?" World Cup of Hockey The World Cup of Hockey is an international ice hockey tournament. Inaugurated in 1996, it is the successor to the Canada Cup, which ran from 1976 to 1991 and was the first international hockey championship to allow nations to field their top players. The World Cup has occurred thrice before on an irregular basis, with the United States winning in 1996 and Canada winning

title: National Hockey League

text: the first Canadian members. As well as participating in the above international club competitions, the NHL and the National Hockey League Players' Association organizes the World Cup of Hockey. Unlike the Ice Hockey World Championships and the Olympic tournament, both run by the International Ice Hockey Federation, the World Cup of Hockey is played under NHL-rules and not those of the IIHF. The tournament takes place prior to the NHL pre-season. The event is planned to be a quadrennial event beginning in 2016. The NHL is considered one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America, along with

title: Ice hockey

text: precursors, the Soviet Union for Russia, and Czechoslovakia for the Czech Republic). In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the "Big Six" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953. The World Cup of Hockey is organized by the National Hockey League and the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA), unlike the annual World Ice Hockey Championships and quadrennial Olympic tournament, both run by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). World Cup games are played under NHL rules and not those of the IIHF, and

title: 2016 World Cup of Hockey

text: The following venues were used across North America and Europe in the pre-tournament schedule All games are Eastern Daylight Time (). Start date: September 8, 2016. Source: National Hockey League All games are Eastern Daylight Time (). All times are local, Eastern Daylight Time (). The final was played in a best-of-three format. List depicts skaters sorted by points, then goals. Only goaltenders who played greater than or equal to one-third of the team's minutes are included. In Canada, Rogers Communications held broadcast rights to the tournament; the tournament was aired by Sportsnet in English and TVA Sports in French.

title: Women's Hockey World Cup

text: World Cups have featured 12 nations. The World Cup will expand to 16 teams again in 2018, and the FIH will evaluate the possibility of increasing it to 24 in 2022. The 2018 tournament was held in London, England from 21 of July to 5 August, with Netherlands winning a second consecutive title and a record eighth title after beating Ireland 6–0 in the final. Argentina, Germany and the Netherlands are the only teams to have competed at each World Cup; 28 teams have competed in at least one World Cup. Women's Hockey World Cup The Women's Hockey World Cup

title: Hockey World Cup

text: Netherlands and Spain are the only teams to have competed at each World Cup; 24 teams have competed in at least one World Cup. Total number of teams which have participated in the World Cups through 2018 is 25, using FIH's view on successor teams Hockey World Cup The Men's Hockey World Cup is an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). The tournament was started in 1971. It is held every four years, bridging the four years between the Summer Olympics. There is also a Women's Hockey World Cup, which has been held since 1974

title: Indoor hockey

text: in summer and an indoor hockey season in winter. The first FIH sanctioned tournament matches of Indoor Hockey were played in 1972. The International Hockey Federation organise the Indoor Hockey World Cup start from year 2003. The first Indoor World Cup was held in Leipzig, Germany in 2003, where the home nation won both the men's and women's gold medals. Eurosport television ratings for the recent Indoor Hockey World Cup, held in Leipzig, Germany, have shown the event to garner large audiences. A total of 20 million viewers watched 13 hours broadcast on Eurosport, with ten matches aired live. Peak

title: Big Six (ice hockey)

text: Germany, was ever allowed to compete in the Canada Cup; this occurred in 1984. The World Cup of Hockey replaced the Canada Cup after the fall of the Soviet Union. It has been held three times so far, in 1996, 2004 and 2016, and will be held every four years thereafter. Eight teams compete at the World Cup: Germany and Slovakia played the first two editions, whereas Team Europe and Team North America played in 2016. Big Six (ice hockey) Out of the 207 IIHF World Championships medals awarded, only twenty-one have been won by teams outside the Big Six

title: Hockey World Cup

text: the first editor of "World Hockey" magazine. Their idea was approved on 26 October 1969, and adopted by the FIH Council at a meeting in Brussels on 12 April 1970. The FIH decided that the inaugural World Cup would be held in October 1971, in Pakistan. However, political issues would prevent that first competition from being played in Pakistan. The FIH had inadvertently scheduled the first World Cup to be played in Pakistan during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Furthermore, Pakistan and India had been at war with each other only six years earlier. When Pakistan invited India to compete in

title: Koninklijke Nederlandse Hockey Bond

text: organise a World Cup as early as 1938. Then, the FIH planned to host a World Cup in Amsterdam, as a substitute for the Olympic hockey tournament, which was cancelled because there was not enough accommodation in Helsinki, where the 1940 Olympics were to be held. The tournament would take place from 2 to 13 May, in the Olympic stadium in Amsterdam and the associations of, amongst others, British India (consecutive winner of the three previous Olympic tournaments), Afghanistan, Japan, Argentina, New Zealand and many European countries had declared to participate. The women's tournament would last from 8 to 12

title: Hockey Series

text: Hockey Series The Hockey Series is an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). The competition, also serves as a qualifier for the Hockey World Cup (men and women's) and Olympic Games. The first edition will be started in 2018. The Hockey Series is open to national teams that are not playing in the Hockey Pro League. The Hockey Series takes place in two rounds, the Open and the Finals. The nine highest ranked teams in the FIH World Rankings (as of 9 June 2017) skip the Open and advance directly to the Finals. All other

title: Hockey World Cup

text: nations, the smallest World Cup to date. The 1978 Cup featured fourteen nations. The 2002 Cup featured sixteen nations, the largest World Cup to date. The remaining 9 World Cups have featured 12 nations. The first three tournaments were held every two years. The 1978 cup was the only tournament held three years from the previous one. It was halfway between the Summer Olympics hockey competition and has continued that way. In other words, the tournament has been held every four years ever since. The Hockey World Cup trophy was designed by the Bashir Moojid and created by the Pakistani

title: World Cup of Hockey

text: For the 2020 edition, the all-star teams will be replaced by qualifying teams.  There are also plans for a spin-off event beginning in 2018, which would pit a European all-star team against a North American all-star team in a five or seven-game series. This event would also occur every four years, alternating biannually with the World Cup of Hockey. These moves are intended, primarily, to help expand the international prominence of the NHL.

title: 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup

text: 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup The 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup was the 14th edition of the Hockey World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national field hockey teams organized by the FIH. It was held from 28 November to 16 December 2018, at the Kalinga Stadium in Bhubaneswar, India. The inauguration ceremony which was held on 27 November 2018, witnessed the biggest ever drone flying show in India. Belgium won the tournament for the first time after defeating the Netherlands 3–2 in the final on a penalty shoot-out after a 0–0 draw. Defending champions Australia won the third

title: Hockey World Cup

text: won three titles, and Germany has won two titles. Belgium and India have both won the tournament once. The 2018 tournament was held in Bhubaneswar, India from 28 November to 16 December. Belgium defeated Netherlands in a penalty shoot-out 3–2 after the match ended in a 0–0 tie to win their first World Cup title. The World Cup expanded to 16 teams in 2018, and FIH will evaluate the possibility of increasing it to 24 in 2022. The Hockey World Cup was first conceived by Pakistan's Air Marshal Nur Khan. He proposed his idea to the FIH through Patrick Rowley,

title: 2014 Men's Hockey World Cup

text: European Summer Time ()" 2014 Men's Hockey World Cup The 2014 Men's Hockey World Cup was the 13th edition of the Hockey World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national field hockey teams organized by the FIH. It was held from 31 May to 15 June 2014 at the Kyocera Stadion in The Hague, Netherlands. simultaneously with the women's tournament. It was the third time that the Netherlands hosted the World Cup after 1973 and 1998. Defending champions Australia won the tournament for the third time after defeating the Netherlands 6–1 in the final. Argentina won the third place

title: World Cup of Hockey

text: in North American venues prior to the start of the National Hockey League (NHL) regular season. Six teams competed in each edition. Of the five Canada Cup tournaments, four were won by Canada, while the Soviet Union won one in 1981. In 1996, the Canada Cup was officially replaced by the World Cup of Hockey. The Canada Cup trophy was retired. The tournament expanded to eight teams: as the national teams of Canada, United States, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia and Sweden, popularly dubbed as the Big Six, were joined by Germany and Slovakia. The United States defeated Canada to win

title: 1996 World Cup of Hockey

text: the game. Tony Amonte scored the game-winning goal. 1996 World Cup of Hockey The first World Cup of Hockey (WCH), or "1996 World Cup of Hockey", replaced the Canada Cup as one of the premier championships for professional ice hockey. The first edition of the Cup featured eight teams divided into two groups. The European Group, whose games were all played in Europe, included the Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, and Sweden. The North American Group played in North American cities and included Canada, Russia, Slovakia, and the United States. Some of the best players in the world were missing in

title: 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup

text: each group went into the crossover matches. From there on a single-elimination tournament was played. 16 umpires were appointed by the FIH for this tournament. The schedule was published on 27 February 2018. "All times are local (UTC+5:30)." The following awards were given at the conclusion of the tournament. 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup The 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup was the 14th edition of the Hockey World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national field hockey teams organized by the FIH. It was held from 28 November to 16 December 2018, at the Kalinga Stadium in Bhubaneswar, India.

title: 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup

text: 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup The 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup was the 14th edition of the Women's Hockey World Cup, a field hockey tournament. It was held from 21 July to 5 August 2018 at the Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre in London, England. Defending champions the Netherlands won the tournament for a record eighth time after defeating Ireland 6–0 in the final, who claimed their first ever World Cup medal. Spain won the third place match by defeating Australia 3–1 to claim their first ever World Cup medal as well. In March 2013, one month after the

title: Women's Hockey World Cup

text: Women's Hockey World Cup The Women's Hockey World Cup is the field hockey World Cup competition for women, whose format for qualification and final tournament is similar to the men's. It has been held since 1974. The tournament has been organized by the International Hockey Federation (FIH) since they merged with the International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations (IFWHA) in 1982. Since 1986, it has been held regularly once every four years, in the same year as the men's competition, which is mid cycle between Summer Olympic games. Of the fourteen tournaments held so far, only four teams have won

title: Hockey Series

text: will be drawn and play a two-legged tie to determine six qualified nations for the Olympic Games. Hockey Series The Hockey Series is an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). The competition, also serves as a qualifier for the Hockey World Cup (men and women's) and Olympic Games. The first edition will be started in 2018. The Hockey Series is open to national teams that are not playing in the Hockey Pro League. The Hockey Series takes place in two rounds, the Open and the Finals. The nine highest ranked teams in the FIH World

title: 2018–19 Men's Hockey Series

text: 2018–19 Men's Hockey Series The 2018–19 Men's Hockey Series will be the inaugural season of the Hockey Series, a field hockey championship for men's national teams. The tournament will start in June 2018 and finish in November 2019. The Hockey Series is open to national teams that are not playing in the Hockey Pro League. The Hockey Series takes place in two rounds, the Open and the Finals. The nine highest ranked teams in the FIH World Rankings (as of 9 June 2017) skip the Open and advance directly to the Finals. All other national teams play in the Hockey

title: World Cup of Hockey


question: who were the judges on dancing on ice 2014

answers: Jason Gardiner

answers: Ashley Roberts

answers: Robin Cousins

answers: Karen Barber

title: Dancing on Ice (series 5)

text: was the last series to feature Slater as a full-time judge, though he returned as a guest judge for two weeks in the ninth series in 2014. For this series only, a spin-off show aired on Friday evenings on ITV, called "Dancing on Ice: Friday". It was presented by Ben Shephard and Coleen Nolan. The series was won by former "Emmerdale" actress Hayley Tamaddon, with Daniel Whiston as the professional winner. "The Bill" actor Gary Lucy finished second, with "Hollyoaks" actor Kieron Richardson third. The contestants for the fifth series were: Green scores indicate the highest skating score of the

title: Dancing on Ice (series 4)

text: Judges' scores and public votes combined. Eliminated: Jeremy & Darya In the skate-off, Melinda and Michael were found to be in the bottom two with both the Judges' scores and public votes combined. Eliminated: Michael & Melanie In the skate-off, Ellery and Todd were found to be in the bottom two with both the Judges' scores and public votes combined. Eliminated: Todd and Susie In the skate-off, Ellery and Melinda were found to be in the bottom two with both the Judges' scores and public votes combined. Eliminated: Ellery & Frankie In the skate-off, Melinda and Jessica were found to

title: Dancing on Ice (series 4)

text: be in the bottom two with both the Judges' scores and public votes combined. Eliminated: Melinda & Fred In the skate-off, Roxanne and Zoe were found to be in the bottom two with both the judges' scores and public votes combined. Eliminated: Roxanne & Daniel In the skate-off, Jessica and Zöe were found to be in the bottom two with both the judges' scores and public votes combined. Judges' votes to save Eliminated: Zöe & Matt In the skate-off, Donal and Coleen were found to be in the bottom two with both the judges' scores and public votes combined. Judges'

title: Dancing on Ice

text: Willoughby or Christine Bleakley stood to speak to them and the couples. The ice rink measured 30 × 15m. For the 2018 revival series the show was relocated to a purpose-built studio at RAF Bovingdon. Dancing on Ice Dancing on Ice is a British television show presented by Phillip Schofield alongside Holly Willoughby from 2006 to 2011, and Christine Bleakley from 2012 to 2014. The show consists of celebrities and their professional partners figure skating in front of a panel of judges. The series, broadcast on ITV, started on 14 January 2006 and ended on 9 March 2014 after the

title: Dancing on Ice (series 9)

text: 7 due to him commentating the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia and was replaced by original judge Nicky Slater, while Barber acted as head judge. The competition was won by Ray Quinn with professional partner Maria Filippov. On 4 September 2017, it was announced on "This Morning" that "Dancing on Ice" would return after four years. The official all-star line-up was revealed on 11 December 2013, while the professional partners were revealed on 17 December 2013. This table only counts for dances scored on a traditional 40-point scale (the duel skate from week 5 and the doubled scored from

title: Dancing on Ice

text: Dancing on Ice Dancing on Ice is a British television show presented by Phillip Schofield alongside Holly Willoughby from 2006 to 2011, and Christine Bleakley from 2012 to 2014. The show consists of celebrities and their professional partners figure skating in front of a panel of judges. The series, broadcast on ITV, started on 14 January 2006 and ended on 9 March 2014 after the show's contract was not renewed by ITV. On 4 September 2017, it was announced that a revived series would air on ITV from 7 January 2018 with Schofield and Willoughby returning as hosts alongside a

title: Dancing on Ice (series 2)

text: Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Nicky, Natalia, Jason, Karen, Robin." Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Dancing on Ice (series 2) The second series of Dancing on Ice aired from 20 January to 17 March 2007 on ITV. It was presented by Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby, and judged by the "Ice Panel", consisting of Nicky Slater, Natalia Bestemianova (who replaced Karen Kresge), Jason

title: Daniel Whiston

text: her partner Matt Evers. Whiston won the eighth series of "Dancing on Ice" on 10 March 2013 and became a three-time champion with Olympic gymnast Beth Tweddle. Whiston returned for his ninth series of "Dancing on Ice" for its "All-Star" series in 2014 with Hayley Tamaddon whom he won the show with in 2010. They made it to the final on 9 March 2014 and finished as runners-up. When "Dancing On Ice" return in 2018 for its 10th series, Whiston competed with singer Cheryl Baker from Bucks Fizz. They were eliminated in week 5, in a skate off against Donna

title: Maria Filippov

text: Duncan James. They came third. In 2008 Filippov appeared on "Dancing on Ice" partnered by singer Gareth Gates. They were voted out in week nine (the semi-finals). In 2009 Filippov was partnered with "X Factor" runner-up Ray Quinn, and in week one they were at the top of the leaderboard with 23.5 (out of a possible 30) points. In week five of the competition the couple scored 26.5 points out of a possible 30. In week six of the competition Filippov and Quinn scored 30 points, the first highest score of the series and the earliest perfect score to be

title: Laurence Fournier Beaudry

text: the Mentor Toruń Cup. At the 2014 Danish Championships, they were the only competitors in ice dance. In their ISU Championship debut, they placed thirteenth at the 2014 European Championships, and concluded the season placing twenty-ninth at the 2014 World Championships in Saitama. The duo competed in three ISU Challenger Series events at the beginning of the season, placing fourth at the Volvo Open Cup, repeating as silver medalists at the Ice Challenge, and earning a bronze medal at the 2014 Autumn Classic. They were again the only competitors at the Danish Championships' ice dance event. At their second European

title: Nina Ulanova

text: 6 of ITV's "Dancing on Ice", partnered with Steven Arnold. They were voted off in episode 4. She took part in the 2011 Dancing on Ice Tour and partnered with professional skater Matt Evers. In 2012, she appeared on series 7 partnered with Matthew Wolfenden and won the series. Ulanova did not appear in series 8 due to her pregnancy. She was partnered with Kyran Bracken for the 2014 series of Dancing on Ice. "GP: Grand Prix" Nina Ulanova Nina Ulanova (; occasionally romanised French-style as Oulanova; born 31 May 1978) is a Russian ice dancer. With former partner Michail

title: Dancing on Ice

text: and Dean, the judges, presenters and competitors. Judge Nicky Slater also offered in-depth analysis of various performances using the latest video technology that the judges use to judge performances. The second spin-off show was originally called "Dancing on Ice Extra" and was presented by Andi Peters and Andrea McLean, both competitors in the first series. Midway through the first series Paul O'Grady left ITV to join Channel 4 meaning that ITV had no show to put on air at 5 pm. The format of "Dancing on Ice Defrosted" was modified so that it could be broadcast every weekday. Due to

title: Matt Evers

text: and European manufacturers at trade shows, in commercials and print media. Pair skating with Allebach: Evers has also appeared in all nine series of "Dancing on Ice" partnering Bonnie Langford (where they were placed 3rd place), Lisa Scott-Lee, Suzanne Shaw where they won the competition in 2008 beating Chris Fountain and Frankie Poultney in the final 2. In the final, both of their performances scored the perfect 30 out of 30 which was a Dancing on Ice first and judge Nicky Slater said 'they were his champions and they deserved to win on the night'. During previous weeks the couple

title: Dancing on Ice (series 1)

text: Christopher Dean as coaches. Kresge left after this series for unknown reasons. The 10 celebrities and professional ice skaters were: This table only counts for dances scored on a traditional 30-point scale. Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Judges' votes to save Dancing on Ice (series 1) The first series of Dancing on Ice aired from 14 January to 4 March 2006 on ITV. It was presented by Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby, and judged by the "Ice Panel", consisting of Nicky

title: Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie (season 1)

text: this order from left to right: Włodzimierz Szaranowicz, Dorota Rabczewska, Maria Zuchowicz and Igor Kryszyłowicz." Skate OFF "Individual judges scores in charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Włodzimierz Szaranowicz, Dorota Rabczewska, Maria Zuchowicz and Igor Kryszyłowicz." Skate OFF "Individual judges scores in charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Włodzimierz Szaranowicz, Dorota Rabczewska, Maria Zuchowicz and Igor Kryszyłowicz." Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie (season 1) The 1st season of Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie, the Polish edition of "Dancing on Ice", started on September 28, 2007 and

title: Dancing on Ice (series 7)

text: were not chosen faced the public vote, where one left the competition. Matthew and Nina emerged victorious at the end of the series on 25 March 2012, with Jorgie and Matt finishing as runners up and Chico and Jodeyne coming in third place. Green scores indicate the highest skating score of the week. "Red scores" indicate the lowest skating score of the week. "—" indicates the couple that did not skate that week This table only counts for dances scored on a traditional 30-point scale (the duel skate from week 4 and the doubled scores from week 9 are not

title: Dancing on Ice (series 5)

text: week. "Red scores" indicate the lowest skating score of the week. "—" indicates the couple that did not skate that week This table only counts for dances scored on a traditional 30 points scale. In the skate-off, Danniella and Emily were found to be in the bottom two with both the Judges' scores and public votes combined. In the skate-off, Danniella and Mikey were found to be in the bottom two with both the judges' scores and public votes combined. In the skate-off, Danny and Kieron were found to be in the bottom two with both the judges' scores and

title: Dancing on Ice (Greece)

text: are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." As a spin-off of the successful "Dancing with the Stars"

title: Piper Gilles

text: Skate Canada International and second at 2014 Trophée Éric Bompard. This result qualified them for the 2014–15 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final, where they placed fifth. At the 2015 Canadian Figure Skating Championships, they won the silver medal behind Kaitlyn Weaver and Andrew Poje. The ice dancers then capped off the season with a sixth-place finish at the 2015 World Figure Skating Championships. Gilles and Poirier opened their 2015-16 season with a win at the 2015 Ondrej Nepela Trophy. They won the bronze medal at the 2015 Skate America event and silver at the 2015 Trophée Éric Bompard, not

title: Dancing on Ice

text: Phillip Schofield and Christine Bleakley returned to co-present. Dean, Torvill and Karen Barber returned to mentor the celebrities. Robin Cousins, Jason Gardiner, Barber and Ashley Roberts returned for their respective ninth, eighth, seventh and second series on The Ice Panel.  Cousins was absent for weeks 6 and 7 due to commentating the 2014 Winter Olympics, so former judge Nicky Slater returned in his place and Barber was temporary head judge.

title: Alex Shibutani

text: their season by winning the gold medal at the 2014 Ondrej Nepela Trophy. They then won the silver medal at the 2014 Skate America. At the 2014 Ice Challenge, the Shibutanis won the gold medal. They then went on to compete at their second Grand Prix event, 2014 Cup of China, where they won the silver medal. Their results on the Grand Prix series qualified them for the 2014–15 Grand Prix Final, where they placed 4th. At the 2015 U.S. Championships, the duo won the silver medal behind Madison Chock and Evan Bates. They then went on to compete at

title: Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie (season 1)

text: Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie (season 1) The 1st season of Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie, the Polish edition of "Dancing on Ice", started on September 28, 2007 and ended on December 7, 2007. It was broadcast by TVP2. Tatiana Okupnik and Maciej Kurzajewski as the hosts, and the judges were: Dorota Rabczewska, Włodzimierz Szaranowicz, Maria Zuchowicz and Igor Kryszyłowicz. "Individual judges scores in charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Włodzimierz Szaranowicz, Dorota Rabczewska, Maria Zuchowicz and Igor Kryszyłowicz." "Individual judges scores in charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from

title: Dancing on Ice

text: its ninth series in 2014, leading to speculation that the whole show would be axed. On 24 June 2013 it was rumoured that "Dancing on Ice" may continue after they have left with new coaches, however, on 22 October 2013 it was confirmed that the show would end after its ninth series in 2014. On 4 September 2017, ITV confirmed that the show would return in 2018. Torvill and Dean will return to the show as head judges along with Schofield and Willoughby as presenters. On 19 October 2017, Ashley Banjo was confirmed as a judge. Later that month, Gardiner

title: Dancing on Ice

text: on "The Ice Panel" and was replaced by singer Emma Bunton. In addition to the main show, there was also a new spin-off show called "Dancing on Ice Friday" which gives viewers the insight to the training of the celebrities. It was presented by Ben Shephard and former contestant Coleen Nolan and broadcast from 8 pm to 8.30 pm on Friday evenings on ITV. Cousins did not appear as a judge for weeks 6 and 7 due to commentary commitments for the Winter Olympics, so Barber was temporary head judge during Cousins's absence. Michael Ball took his place on 14

title: Dancing on Ice (Greece)

text: are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Petros Kostopoulos, Elena Paparizou, Alexis Kostalas." "Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses)

title: Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie (season 2)

text: Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie (season 2) The 2nd season of Gwiazdy tańczą na lodzie, the Polish edition of "Dancing on Ice", started on March 7, 2008 and ended on May 23, 2008. It was broadcast by TVP2. Tatiana Okupnik and Maciej Kurzajewski as the hosts, and the judges were: Dorota Rabczewska, Włodzimierz Szaranowicz, Maria Zuchowicz and Igor Kryszyłowicz. "Individual judges scores in charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Włodzimierz Szaranowicz, Dorota Rabczewska, Igor Kryszyłowicz, Maria Zuchowicz." Skate OFF "Individual judges scores in charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order

title: Maia Shibutani

text: 2014 Ondrej Nepela Trophy. Combined with their gold medal at the 2014 Ice Challenge they were the top finishers in the 2014-2015 ISU Challenge Cup series. On the Grand Prix circuit, they won the silver medals at both of their events, 2014 Skate America and the 2014 Cup of China. Their results on the Grand Prix series qualified them for the 2014–15 Grand Prix Final in Barcelona, Spain, where they placed 4th. At the 2015 U.S. Championships, the duo won the silver medal. They then went on to compete at the 2015 Four Continents Championships where they finished second in

title: Sauli Koskinen

text: is the winner of the first season of Nelonen's "Dancing on Ice" TV show. On August 21, 2013 it was announced that Koskinen would participate in the Finnish version of "Dancing on Ice" where ten celebrities learn to ice skate with a professional partner. Koskinen was partnered with synchronized skater Nea Ojala. After the announcement of the celebrity contestants and star coaches, the teams had five weeks to prepare for the first live show. The competition started on September 28 and finale was held on November 30, 2013. Koskinen and Ojala won the competition. Koskinen was in a relationship with

title: Beth Tweddle

text: Tweddle won the eighth series of "Dancing on Ice" along with partner Daniel Whiston, who won the show for the third time. In 2014, she took part in the ninth and last series of "Dancing on Ice", the "All-Stars" series, with new skating partner Łukasz Różycki, making the final and coming third. In 2016, Tweddle participated in the third series of Channel 4 reality contest show "The Jump". However, on February 7, two weeks into the show, Tweddle suffered a back injury and was forced to withdraw from the competition. It was reported on 8 February 2016 that she had

title: Guillaume Cizeron

text: Alex Shibutani and 2014 World champions Anna Cappellini / Luca Lanotte. Beating Gilles/Poirier again, they took their second GP title at the 2014 Trophée Éric Bompard and qualified for their first Grand Prix Final. At the latter event, held in December 2014 in Barcelona, they placed fifth in the short dance, third in the free dance, and third overall behind Kaitlyn Weaver / Andrew Poje and Madison Chock / Evan Bates. In January 2015, Papadakis/Cizeron ranked first in both segments at the 2015 European Championships in Stockholm and took the gold medal by a margin of 8.45 points over the

title: Dancing on Ice

short_answers:
Ashley Roberts
Jason Gardiner
Karen Barber
Robin Cousins