question: who translated the play neel darpan into english

answers: Michael Madhusudan Dutta

answers: Reverend J.Long

title: Nil Darpan

text: as Neel Darpan or Nil Darpan). It included all the relevant documents and comments of the Indian and British Newspapers. It was published in 1903 by Messers A. N. ANDINI and Co., Calcutta. Mr. Kumud Bihari Bose compiled it under the title: "The Trial of the Rev. James Long and the Drama of Nil Durpan" with "Indigo Planters and all about them" as a sub title. The play, Nil Durpan, dealt with the upheaval between the Indigo planters and Indian Rioters in different parts of Bengal, Bihar and U.P. This conflict gave rise to the rift and division between the

title: Nil Darpan

text: Nil Darpan Nil Darpan (Bengali: নীল দর্পন, "The Indigo mirror") is a Bengali play written by Dinabandhu Mitra in 1858–1859. The play was published from Dhaka in 1860, under a pseudonym of the author. The play was essential to "Nil vidroha", better known as the Indigo revolt of February–March 1859 in Bengal, when farmers refused to sow indigo in their fields to protest against exploitative farming under the British Raj It was also essential to the development of theatre in Bengal and influenced Girish Chandra Ghosh, who, in 1872, would establish The National Theatre in Calcutta (Kolkata) where the first

title: James Long (Anglican priest)

text: the Paris Exposition of 1867 . In 1861, at the height of the Indigo revolt by the ryots in Bengal, Long received a copy of the Bengali play "Nil Darpan" (also transcribed as "Neel Darpan" or "Nil Durpan") from its author Dinabandhu Mitra, who had been one of Long's students at the CMS school on Amherst Street. The play, published anonymously the previous year in Dacca, was sympathetic to the abject condition of the ryots or labourers on indigo plantations and critical of the British land-holding class who kept the ryots in slave-like conditions. Long brought it to the notice

title: Hindi theatre

text: most noted for his politically charged plays like, "Andher nagari" (City of Darkness) written in 1881, a clear satire on the British Raj, as it implied that a society which tolerates a lawless state is doomed to fail, and "Neel Darpan" (Indigo Mirror) on plight of indigo-plantation worker under the British Raj, which used the Dramatic Performances Act of 1876 to the ban many such subversive plays. Eventually Bharatendu became director of "Hindi Natak Samaj" (Hindu National Theatre) in Banaras. After Bhartendu whose productions were largely funded by himself or at times by Maharaja of Kashi, Hindi theatre went through

title: Narendra Mohan (poet)

text: 4. Literary Diary ‘Sath Sath Mera Saya’ translated into Marathi by Dr. Mangala Vaishanav (2003). 5. The play ‘Kahe Kabir Suno Bhai Sadho’ translated into Marathi by Dr. Mangala Vaishnav (2005). 6. The play ‘Manch Andhere Mein’ translated into Marathi by Dr. Mangala Vaishnav (2011). 7. The Play ‘ Mr. Jinnah’ translated into: a. Kannada by Dr. Tejasvi Kattimani, Periyar Prakashan, Dharwad, Karnataka (2006). b. Marathi by Dr. Mangala Vaishnav, Pratiman Prakashan, Pune (2006). c. Urdu by Dr. Sahina Tabassum, Classic Publication, Lahore (2007). d. Panjabi by Tarsem, Chetna Prakashan, Ludhiana (2008). e. Gujarati by Dr. Bharti Vyas (under Publication).

title: Nil Darpan

text: as the writing medium. The characters in the drama are the villagers and the indigo planters who got the money and the law in their hand. The legacy of black humor in the play is well shared by contemporary dramatists like Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Girish Chandra Ghosh and Ardhendu Sekhar Mustafi. It was also important in development of the "Chalit Bhasa", or colloquial dialect, which is free of the Sanskrit influenced Sadhu bhasa. The proceedings of the trial of Reverend Mr. James Long first appeared in the second Edition (India) of the English version of the play, Nil Durpan (transcribed

title: Shantata! Court Chalu Aahe

text: Friedrich Dürrenmatt. The play has since been translated into 16 languages in India and abroad. The BBC showed its English version, filmed by Satyadev Dubey. Actor-director, Om Shivpuri, directed the Hindi translation of the play as "Khamosh! Adaalat Jaari Hai". The play had his wife Sudha Shivpuri in the lead role and is regarded as a key milestone in the history of Indian Theatre. A group of teachers plan to stage a play in a village. When a cast-member does not show up, a local stagehand is asked to replace him. An improvised, free-flowing 'rehearsal' is arranged and a mock

title: Nil Darpan

text: the European women in the Nil Durpan the question of shame was brought up through the episode of a woman riding on horseback with Magistrate of Zillah through the village)as well as injuring the reputation of every European in the country by calling Planter or Civilian or Soldier.The fictitious characters named Mr. Wood and Mr. Rose in the play represent the indigo planters. This also became a reason for attacking Long. Nil Darpan Nil Darpan (Bengali: নীল দর্পন, "The Indigo mirror") is a Bengali play written by Dinabandhu Mitra in 1858–1859. The play was published from Dhaka in 1860, under

title: Dramatic Performances Act

text: scene of "Nil Darpan"—the scene where Torap, an Indian ryot, holds down the European Mr. Rouge who assaults the helpless woman Kshetramoni—British soldiers among the audience, enraged, rushed onto the stage and began behaving violently, which led to the breaking up of the play. The following year, Edward, Prince of Wales visited Calcutta. Soon after his visit, the Great National Theatre presented the play "Gajadananda o Jubaraj" (or "Gajadananda and the Crown Prince"), which sought to target Jagadananda Mukherjee, a well-known citizen of Calcutta, Junior Government pleader and member of the Bengal Legislative Council. This man had invited the Prince

title: Abhinay Banker

text: Directed by Aditi Desai, daughter of the theatre artiste late Jaswant Thakar, the play has been performed at the Bharat Rang Mahotsav at National School of Drama (NSD) Delhi. It has been additionally announced as the best play at Transmedia awards 2013. The play "Koi Pan Ek Phool Nu Naam Bolo To" (Name any one flower) (2014) is a psychological murder mystery. It had been at first written with the aid of Gujarati writer Madhu Rye nearly five decades ago. In 1969, Kailash Pandya, who became the first head of the drama department of Darpana Academy of Performing Arts, directed

title: Nil Darpan

title: Hindi theatre

text: dramatist Kalidas, and is considered the first Modern Hindi play. Mohan Rakesh went on to write two more plays, "Aadhe Adhure" (Halfway House) and "Leheron Ke Raj Hans" (Great Swans of the Waves) and left one, "Paon Taley Ki Zameen" (Ground beneath the Feet) unfinished by the time of his death in 1972, but he had shifted the landscape of Hindi theatre. Today, his rise as a prominent playwright in the 1960s is seen as the coming of age of Modern Indian playwriting in Hindi, just as Vijay Tendulkar did it in Marathi, Badal Sircar in Bengali, and Girish Karnad

title: Raj Bisaria

text: co-operation of the then existing theatre groups to realize his plans to establish a bilingual theatre in Lucknow. But his effort failed to elicit any response from them. He even brought the production rights of Mohan Rakesh’s well known play, "Adhe-Adhure", which he could not stage for want of a suitable cast. In his bid to switch over to Hindi drama, he invited Delhi groups to produce, under TAW’s auspices, plays in Hindi with a view to making local groups conscious of the potentialities and challenges of Hindi Theatre. TAW’s first Hindi play was "Baqi Itihas", a translation of Badal

title: Shyamanand Jalan

text: credited for not only reviving Hindi theatre in Kolkata, but also by performing plays by Bengali playwrights like Badal Sircar's "Paagla Ghoda" and "Evam Indrajit" in Hindi, bridging the gap between North Indian and Bengali theatre. He brought Kalidasa`s Sanskrit play "Abhijñānaśākuntalam" as "Sakuntala" to stage in 1980 with lyrical dance movements of Odissi, and G. P. Deshpande`s politically charged Marathi-play "Uddhwasta Dharmashala" (A Man in Dark Times) in 1982. He translated plays by Henrik Ibsen like "Janta ka Shatru" (An Enemy of the People) in 1959, Brecht, "Raja Lear" from Shakespeare's "King Lear", and Moliere's "The Bourgeois Gentleman" and

title: Dramatic Performances Act

text: two letters was none other than Girish Chandra Ghose himself. Faced with such pointed criticism, an appeal was made to the sponsors to uphold the dignity of the "National Theatre" and to replace the western concerts that were fashionable in Calcutta at this tine with more indigenous theatre. The second performance of "Nil Darpan" was held on 21 December. Many other plays were also staged at around this time by the National Theatre. Towards the end of March 1875, some members of the National Theatre (that had now become the "Great National Theatre") went on tour. In Lucknow, during a

title: Sujan Mukhopadhyay

text: 25 years. Sujan Mukhopadhyay Sujan Mukhopadhyay (also known as Neel Mukherjee) is a Bengali film, television and theatre actor. In 2012 he made his directorial debut with the film "Ghete Gho". He is an active Member of the renounced Theatre Group Chetana. On 22 February 2016 his directorial debut, in the field of Theatre, "Ghashiram Kotwal",which is an adaptation on Marathi play, was premiered. In 2018 he directed Don: Taake Bhalo Laage an adaptation of Dale Wasserman's Don Quixote which was translated into Bengali by Arun Mukhopadhyay many years back. This play marked the re-entry of Suman Mukhopadhyay as an

title: Dramatic Performances Act

text: upon to turn in about fifty manuscripts, which included the plays "Nil Darpan" and "Nabanna". In 1953, Malayalam playwright and film director Thoppil Bhasi’s play "Ningalenne Communistakki" i.e. "You Made Me a Communist" was banned by the Thiruvananthapuram District Magistrate according to the provisions of the Dramatic Performances Act.The government alleged that the play contained provocative material which might prove harmful to the integrity of the state and encourage people to rise in revolt against the government. This play charts the life of a middle-aged man as he journeys from the cloisters of a conservative upper-class Hindu family to communism.

title: Mohan Rakesh

text: 1962-63. His noted novels are "Andhere Band Kamare" ("Closed Dark Rooms") and "Na Aane Wala Kal" (The Tomorrow That Never Comes). His plays "Ashadh Ka Ek Din" ("One Day in Aashad") (1958), played a major role in reviving Hindi theatre in the 1960s and "Adhe Adhure" (The Incomplete Ones or Halfway House) (1969) are highly regarded. His debut play "Ashadh Ka Ek Din" was first performed by Kolkata-based Hindi theatre group "Anamika", under director Shyamanand Jalan (1960) and subsequently by Ebrahim Alkazi at National School of Drama Delhi in 1962, which established Mohan Rakesh as the first modern Hindi playwright.

title: Hasmukh Baradi

text: in 1980 as "Kala Kambal". He also wrote "Raino Darpanrai," an adaptation of "Raino Parvat", as well as "Baradina Be Natako" (1984), "Janardan Joseph" (1985), "Pachhi Shebaji Bolia", "Jashumati Kankuvati", "Eklu Aakash ane Bija Natako", "Tame Aanathi Ramtata" and "Akhu Aikhu Farithi". In addition, Baradi translated "Uncle Vanya" by Anton Chekhov into Gujarati as "Vanya Mama" (1983). In 1983, Baradi wrote "Natak Sarikho Nadar Hunnar" (1983), a work of theater criticism. He also wrote "Gujarati Theaterno Itihas", a literary history of Gujarati theater, which was translated into English by Vinod Meghani as "The History of Gujarati Theater" in 2004. Baradi

title: Nil Darpan

title: Darpana Academy of Performing Arts

text: The Drama Section, under acting duo Kailash Pandya and Damini Mehta, is responsible for more than 100 productions of a wide variety. Darpana attracted young writers and staged their first scripts, making them an integral part of production efforts. Some of the names can be mentioned as Madhu Rye, Labhshankar Thakar, Shrikant Shah, Subhash Shah, Chinu Modi, and Hasmukh Baradi. It also conducted theatre-training courses for over two decades. Its research wing, Janvak, published monographs like Goverdhan Panchal's on Bhavai. Darpana has also built an experimental thrust auditorium, Natrani, reminiscent of Greek amphitheatres, on the banks of the river Sabarmati.

title: Theatre of India

text: originally written play 'Sadho Dekho Jag Baudana' was published by InkLit Publication. He has also written famous plays like 'Aao Natak Natak Khelen', 'Khwahishen', 'Jee Humen To Natak Karna Hai', 'Suicide', 'Hey Ram', 'Teri Meri Kahani Hai', 'Karnav' and others, which has been performed by different groups and directors in various theatre centres of the country. He has adopted famous Keniyan playwright Ngugi Wa Thiong's play 'The Black Hermit' as 'Jayen To Jayen Kahan'. The adaptation was first performed by NSD Graduate Randhir Kumar in 2005 in Patna. Later he reproduced the play in 2010 with SEHAR in Delhi. He

title: M. S. Sathyu

text: an elderly Pakistani man who is reunited with his childhood pre-partition friend from India, Baldev (Vishwa Mohan Badola). Mr. Sathyu is one of the patrons of Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA). His Play 'Dara Shikoh' is considered a modern classic which was staged by Impresario Asia in Delhi in 2003-4. In the words of noted critic Ramesh Chand Charlie the Stage Play 'Dara Shikoh' is a turning point of traditional theatrical sensibilities. Use of Wali Deccani's period poetry provides this Play with a very rare artistic and historical context. Dazzling use of Kathak choreography by Rani Khanum and her Troupe,

title: Nil Darpan

text: different classes of the society and between the different sections of the Government as well. James Long believed that the British mercantile community and even the Government unjustly and oppressively treated the Indigo cultivators. His view concurred with Dinabandhu Mitra who expressed his sentiments in a play entitled Nil Darpan (the original Bengali play was written by him) and published anonymously from Dhaka in 1860. Mitra sent Long a copy of the play as early as 1861. Long brought it to the notice of W. S Seton-Karr, Secretary to the Governor of Bengal and ex-President of the Indigo Commission. Seton-Karr,

title: Sujan Mukhopadhyay

text: Sujan Mukhopadhyay Sujan Mukhopadhyay (also known as Neel Mukherjee) is a Bengali film, television and theatre actor. In 2012 he made his directorial debut with the film "Ghete Gho". He is an active Member of the renounced Theatre Group Chetana. On 22 February 2016 his directorial debut, in the field of Theatre, "Ghashiram Kotwal",which is an adaptation on Marathi play, was premiered. In 2018 he directed Don: Taake Bhalo Laage an adaptation of Dale Wasserman's Don Quixote which was translated into Bengali by Arun Mukhopadhyay many years back. This play marked the re-entry of Suman Mukhopadhyay as an actor after

title: Odakalu Bimba

text: success with her novel written in English. Her doppelgänger later questions her about her choice to write in English rather than in her own language and the betrayal of her own language. The play earned itself positive reviews which subsequently resulted in a new production of it in English which was directed by Alyque Padamsee and featured Shabana Azmi playing the lead role of "Manjula Sharma", a Hindi writer who is unsuccessful. The play won the awards for "Best Playwright" and "Best Director" while Nag won the "Best Actress" award for her role at the "Mahindra Excellence in Theatre Awards"

title: Dramatic Performances Act

text: not be restricted to Calcutta, but should venture beyond Calcutta to such places as Krishnanagore, Berhampore, Jessore and other such areas where the issues addressed in the play would be more relevant. However, the staging of "Nil Darpan" with its blatant demonization of the white-skinned indigo planters, earned the displeasure of the "Englishman" which, in its 20 December 1872 issue condemned the play for having had damaging effects on the dignity and prestige of the British government and ordered that the performance of the play be immediately stopped. It wrote: On the other hand, the new public theatre in Calcutta

title: Habib Tanvir

text: by the Chicago Actors Ensemble, where he wrote his only English language play, "The Broken Bridge". In 2002, he directed "Zahareeli Hawa", a translation of "Bhopal" by the Canadian-Indian playwright Rahul Varma, based on the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. During his illustrious career he brought works from all genres to stage, from ancient Sanskrit works by Shudraka, Bhasa, Vishakhadatta and Bhavabhuti; to European classics by Shakespeare, Molière and Goldoni; modern masters Brecht, Garcia, Lorca, Gorky, and Oscar Wilde; Tagore, Asghar Wajahat, Shankar Shesh, Safdar Hashmi, Rahul Varma, stories by Premchand, Stefan Zweig and Vijaydan Detha, apart from an array of Chhattisgarhi

title: Hindi theatre

text: expression, On the other hand, there were younger playwrights like Surendra Verma, with his "Surya Ki Antim Kiran Se Surya Ki Pahli Kiran Tak" (From Sunset to Sunrise, 1972), "Draupadi" and "Athwan sarga" (Eighth Chapter, 1976), rapidly experimented with forms and formats, and writers who ventured into playwrighting to produce important works, like Bhisham Sahni who has been associated with both IPTA and Progressive Writers Association, most noted for his partition-novel "Tamas" wrote, "Hanush" (1977), "Madhavi" (1982) and "Muavze" (1993). Over the years the repertoire of Hindi plays has expanded to include translated and adapted works of successful playwrights from

title: Theatre of India

text: Darpan (1858–59, first commercial production in 1872, by Girish Chandra Ghosh at the national theatre in Calcutta) a Bengali play by Dinabandhu Mitra garnered both accolades and controversy for depicting the horror and tragedy of indigo cultivation in rural Bengal, and played a major role in the indigo revolt. Rabindranath Tagore was a pioneering modern playwright who wrote plays noted for their exploration and questioning of nationalism, identity, spiritualism and material greed. His plays are written in Bengali and include "Chitra" ("Chitrangada", 1892), "The King of the Dark Chamber" ("Raja", 1910), "The Post Office" ("Dakghar", 1913), and "Red Oleander" ("Raktakarabi",

title: Nil Darpan

long_answer: James Long believed that the British mercantile community and even the Government unjustly and oppressively treated the Indigo cultivators. His view concurred with Dinabandhu Mitra who expressed his sentiments in a play entitled Nil Darpan (the original Bengali play was written by him) and published anonymously from Dhaka in 1860. Mitra sent Long a copy of the play as early as 1861. Long brought it to the notice of W. S Seton-Karr, Secretary to the Governor of Bengal and ex-President of the Indigo Commission. Seton-Karr, sensing its importance, mentioned Nil Durpan in conversation with the Lieutenant Governor, Grant.Grant expressed a wish to see a translation of it and print a few copies to be circulated privately amongst friends. After the discussion, Seton-Karr asked Long to arrange for a translation of the play in English. Michael Madhusudan Dutta translated it under the supervision of Long. Long as the editor cut out some coarse passages and wrote a short prefatory note for the play. When the translation was complete, Seton-Karr ordered printing of five hundred copies in lieu of Grant's wish of a few copies. Then Long sent the translated manuscripts to Clement Henry Manuel, the proprietor of the Calcutta Printing and Publishing Press to print five hundred copies and the cost came to around Rs.300. It was published in April or May 1861. Unknown to the Lieutenant Governor, Long began sending out the copies in official Government envelopes that had the heading: "on her Majesty's Service". The translation revealed the nature of the oppression against the indigo planters. It naturally offended the establishment of the play so much that a razing propaganda was started by the Anglo-Indian Press against the publisher and the translator. One of the leading newspapers named The Englishmen and some indigo planters instituted a libel suit against Long and the printer- C. H. Manuel. The words mentioned in Long's Introduction to the play stated that what was presented in it was "plain but true". This was subsequently used by the planters in their prosecution of Long for publishing defamatory statements.


question: under the federal unemployment tax act which party pays unemployment taxes

answers: Employers

answers: the employer

title: Federal Unemployment Tax Act

text: unemployment) and provides for a fund from which states may borrow, if necessary, to pay benefits. Until June 30, 2011, the Federal Unemployment Tax Act imposed a tax of 6.2%, which was composed of a permanent rate of 6.0% and a temporary rate of 0.2%, which was passed by Congress in 1976. The temporary rate was extended many times, but it expired on June 30, 2011. Consequently, for the years until 2010 and the first six months of 2011, the FUTA imposed a 6.2% tax (before credits) on the first $7,000 of gross earnings of each worker per year. Once

title: State unemployment tax act

text: State unemployment tax act Taxes under State Unemployment Tax Act (or SUTA) are those designed to finance the cost of state unemployment insurance benefits in the United States, which make up all of unemployment insurance expenditures in normal times, and the majority of unemployment insurance expenditures during downturns, with the remainder paid in part by the federal government for "emergency" benefit extensions. The tax is unique in two primary aspects. First, the tax is experience rated which means that tax rates are firm-specific and the rate a firm faces updates each year to reflect the cost of the benefits that

title: Social Security (United States)

text: to be earning "wages" for federal tax purposes), the self-employment tax, imposed by the Self-Employment Contributions Act of 1954, codified as Chapter 2 of Subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code, , is 15.3% of "net earnings from self-employment." In essence, a self-employed individual pays both the employee and employer share of the tax, although half of the self-employment tax (the "employer share") is deductible when calculating the individual's federal income tax. If an employee has overpaid payroll taxes by having more than one job or switching jobs during the year, the excess taxes will be refunded when the employee

title: Unemployment benefits

text: $56 per employee ((.062-.054) x $7,000) versus the FUTA maximum of $42. Within the above constraints, the individual states and territories raise their own contributions and run their own programs. The federal government sets broad guidelines for coverage and eligibility, but states vary in how they determine benefits and eligibility. Federal rules are drawn by the United States Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration. For most states, the maximum period for receiving benefits is 26 weeks. There is an extended benefit program (authorized through the Social Security Acts) that may be triggered by the state unemployment rate. Congress has

title: Republican Party (United States)

text: and Jobs Act of 2017. Modern Republicans advocate the theory of supply side economics, which holds that lower tax rates increase economic growth. Many Republicans oppose higher tax rates for higher earners, which they believe are unfairly targeted at those who create jobs and wealth. They believe private spending is more efficient than government spending. Republican lawmakers have also sought to limit funding for tax enforcement and tax collection. By 2018, the Internal Revenue Service, which Republicans had primarily starved of resources in the past decade, had lost considerable abilities to conduct audits and to engage in large-scale investigations of

title: Republican Party (United States)

text: tax evasion. Republicans believe individuals should take responsibility for their own circumstances. They also believe the private sector is more effective in helping the poor through charity than the government is through welfare programs and that social assistance programs often cause government dependency. 2016 and 2017 polls also found that an overwhelming majority of Republicans support protectionism and autarky and oppose free trade. Republicans believe corporations should be able to establish their own employment practices, including benefits and wages, with the free market deciding the price of work. Since the 1920s, Republicans have generally been opposed by labor union organizations

text: not beholden to the liberal wing of his party. The bill was opposed by some of the most conservative members of the Republican Party as well as by talk radio hosts such as Rush Limbaugh and some groups in the Tea Party movement. It was also opposed by several leading potential candidates for the Republican nomination in the 2012 presidential election, including Sarah Palin and Mitt Romney, typically on the grounds that it did not make the Bush tax cuts permanent and that it would overall increase the national deficit. The cut of the FICA payroll tax in the agreement

title: Constitution Party (United States)

text: supplemented by excise taxes. The party also takes the position that the "imposition [...] of Federal income, payroll, and estate taxes [...] is an unconstitutional Federal assumption of direct taxing authority". The Constitution Party in 2012 called for phasing out social security. The 2016 platform states: "Social Security is a form of individual welfare not authorized in the Constitution". The Constitution Party in 2012 favored a non-interventionist foreign policy. It advocates reduction and eventual elimination of the role the United States plays in multinational and international organizations such as the United Nations and favors withdrawal of the United States from

title: Unemployment benefits

text: maximum FUTA tax of $42.00 per employee, per year (.006 X $7,000 = $42.00). State law determines individual state unemployment insurance tax rates. In the United States, unemployment insurance tax rates use experience rating. Although the taxable wage base for each state/territory is at least $7,000 as mandated by FUTA, only four states or territories still remain at this minimum. These states/territories include Arizona, California, Florida, and Puerto Rico. Florida and Puerto Rico maintain tax rates similar to those of other states, but Arizona and California both have a higher maximum tax rate. Florida's minimum tax rate is 0.1% and

title: State unemployment tax act

text: employ. This provides a modest incentive for firms to reduce unskilled and part-time work in favor of skilled and full-time work. One interesting feature of the UI tax is that it targets firms that have recently had layoffs, potentially hitting distressed firms. Recent work shows that UI tax increases significantly reduce hiring and employment in affected firms, potentially eroding the macroeconomics stabilizing influence of the UI program. State unemployment tax act Taxes under State Unemployment Tax Act (or SUTA) are those designed to finance the cost of state unemployment insurance benefits in the United States, which make up all of

title: Unemployment benefits

text: a ten-year period. These moves are estimated to save the state over $450 million. The argument for taxation of social welfare benefits is that they result in a realized gain for a taxpayer. The argument against taxation is that the benefits are generally less than the federal poverty level. Unemployment compensation has been taxable by the federal government since 1987. Code Section 85 deemed unemployment compensation included in gross income. Federal taxes are not withheld from unemployment compensation at the time of payment unless requested by the recipient using Form W-4V. In 2003, Rep. Philip English introduced legislation to repeal

title: Libertarian Party (United States)

text: (adopted May 2008). The Libertarian Party believes government regulations in the form of minimum wage laws drive up the cost of employing additional workers. That is why Libertarians favor loosening minimum wage laws so that overall unemployment rate can be reduced and low-wage workers, unskilled workers, visa immigrants and those with limited education or job experience can find employment. The party supports ending the public school system. The party's official platform states that education is best provided by the free market, achieving greater quality, accountability and efficiency with more diversity of school choice. Seeing the education of children as a

title: Red–Green Alliance (Denmark)

text: be raised, and the insurance-based unemployment benefit period should be extended to a minimum of four years. At the same time, students should be given a greater state education grant. At minimum, all benefits should be raised to 13,500 kroner per month before taxes. The party advocates for foreign policy based on respect for human rights, which it believes has not been appropriately prioritised in the past. It also proposes greater support for developing countries through a doubling of foreign aid, and campaigns for Denmark's withdrawal from NATO and the European Union. The party operates on the fundamental belief that

title: Republican Party of Wisconsin

text: four of the five statewide offices and holds a majority in both the Wisconsin Senate and Wisconsin State Assembly. Republicans also hold one of the state's U.S. Senate seats and five of the state's 8 U.S. House of Representatives seats. Republican Party of Wisconsin The Republican Party of Wisconsin is the Wisconsin affiliate of the United States Republican Party (GOP). The state party chair is Brad Courtney. The state party is divided into 72 county parties for each of the state's counties, as well as organizations for the state's eight congressional districts. After the introduction in Congress of the Kansas–Nebraska

text: Canadian federal election, minor party positions The policy positions of minor political parties in Canadian federal elections are summarized here by election. Taxation: The 2005 federal budget originally implemented relatively modest tax cuts that have been criticized by both the right and left. Parties, major and minor, from the centre to the right demanded much greater tax relief. The Christian Heritage Party (CHP) urged more support for families raising children at home. Parties on the left, the Communist and Marxist–Leninist parties, urged higher taxes for corporations and higher-income Canadians. The Green Party is proposing to "shift" $3.5 billion of taxes

title: Red–Green Alliance (Denmark)

text: not see unemployment as being equal to laziness and seeks to abolish the Danish equivalent of workfare. The party is decisively anti-capitalist and has particularly distinguished itself as an opponent of transfer pricing, whereby multinational companies minimise the amount they pay in tax by attributing their profits to countries with lower tax rates. According to the party, the global economic crisis should be resolved through the stricter control of loans, the introduction of a Tobin tax, and the nationalisation of the banks and mortgage companies. It says the public sector must be expanded, the wages of the lowest-paid workers should

title: Unemployment benefits

text: the taxation of unemployment compensation, but the legislation did not advance past committee. Most states with income tax consider unemployment compensation to be taxable. Prior to 1987, unemployment compensation amounts were excluded from federal gross income. For the US Federal tax year of 2009, as a result of the signing of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 signed by Barack Obama on 17 February 2009 the first $2,400 worth of unemployment income received during the 'tax year' of 2009 will be exempted from being considered as taxable income on the Federal level, when American taxpayers file their 2009

title: Mon pays le Québec

text: In terms of national economics and taxation, the party advocates switching to a FairTax, which would remove all income taxes, payroll taxes, gift taxes, and estate taxes and replace them with a consumption tax and an import tariff. In the 2014 Quebec election, the party fielded six candidates. In total, the party received 521 votes, with party leader Claude Dupré receiving 193 votes in the riding of Berthier Mon pays le Québec Mon pays le Québec (English: "Quebec, My Country") is a political party in the Canadian province of Quebec. On the subject of immigration, the party created a multi-tiered

title: Unemployment in the United States

text: tax cuts are a form of stimulus (they increase the budget deficit) and therefore create jobs, much like spending. However, tax cuts as a rule have less impact per additional deficit dollar than spending, as a portion of tax cuts can be saved rather than spent. Since income taxes are primarily paid by higher income taxpayers (the top 1% pay roughly half of them) and these taxpayers tend to save a higher portion of any incremental dollars returned to them via tax cuts than lower income taxpayers, income tax cuts are a less effective form of stimulus than payroll tax

title: Federal Unemployment Tax Act

text: The Federal Unemployment Tax Act (or FUTA, I.R.C. ch. 23) is a United States federal law that imposes a federal employer tax used to help fund state workforce agencies. Employers report this tax by filing an annual Form 940 with the Internal Revenue Service. In some cases, the employer is required to pay the tax in installments during the tax year.

text: Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 The Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 (), also known as the 2010 Tax Relief Act, was passed by the United States Congress on December 16, 2010, and signed into law by President Barack Obama on December 17, 2010. The Act centers on a temporary, two-year reprieve from the sunset provisions of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA) and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 (JGTRRA), together known as the "Bush tax cuts." Income taxes

text: Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act The Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act () is bill that would extend the length of unemployment benefits to cover another three months, until March 31, 2013. The three-month extension would cost $6.4 billion. The Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act was introduced in the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress. In response to the Great Recession in the United States, the federal government began extending the length of unemployment benefits. The federal government has been providing additional weeks of unemployment benefits for people since 2008. The most recent extension was provided by the

title: America First Party (2002)

text: of religion. The party believes that the 16th Amendment was never properly ratified and must be repealed. The income tax would then be replaced by half of federal revenue coming from excise taxes and tariffs, and the other half coming from usage fees and a national retail sales tax. (They oppose having both an income tax and a sales tax simultaneously.) The America First Party supports the right to keep and bear arms and Second Amendment believing it to be "largely responsible for [America's] independence and sovereignty". The America First Party is strongly against illegal immigration and wants the enforcement

title: Unemployment benefits

text: funded through the taxation system. There is no compulsory national unemployment insurance fund. Rather, benefits are funded in the annual Federal Budget by the National Treasury and are administrated and distributed throughout the nation by the government agency, Centrelink. Benefit rates are indexed to the Consumer Price Index and are adjusted twice a year according to inflation or deflation. There are two types of payment available to those experiencing unemployment. The first, called Youth Allowance, is paid to young people aged 16–20 (or 15, if deemed to meet the criteria for being considered 'independent' by Centrelink). Youth Allowance is also

title: Joe Donnelly

text: the same provision). In 2012 Donnelly also voted for H.R. 9, the Small Business Tax Cut Act, which would allow businesses with fewer than 500 employees to receive a tax deduction equal to 20% of their domestic business income. Donnelly was one of 276 members of Congress who voted for the Tax Relief and Unemployment Insurance Act of 2010, extending the 2001 and 2003 Bush-era tax cuts and a 13-month extension of unemployment benefits. In an interview, Donnelly said that he favored making the tax cuts permanent for middle-class Americans and temporarily extending the cuts for families making at least

title: Unemployment benefits

text: Unemployment benefits Unemployment benefits (depending on the jurisdiction also called unemployment insurance or unemployment compensation) are payments made by back authorized bodies to unemployed people. In the United States, benefits are funded by a compulsory governmental insurance system, not taxes on individual citizens. Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums may be small, covering only basic needs, or may compensate the lost time proportionally to the previous earned salary. Unemployment benefits are generally given only to those registering as unemployed, and often on conditions ensuring that they seek work and do not currently have a

title: Nonqualified deferred compensation

text: tax (FICA) and Federal Unemployment Tax Act tax (FUTA) at the later of (i) when the services are rendered or (ii) when the compensation is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture. Often, the employee already has income above the wage base ($127,200 in 2017) for purpose of the Old Age, Survivors, Disability Insurance (OASDI) portion of the FICA tax, and won't owe the OASDI portion of the tax. However, the deferred compensation will be still subject to the hospital insurance portion of the FICA tax (referred to as the "HI" portion, or "Medicare tax") because the hospital

title: Doug Ducey

text: a judge from the opposing political party to the Arizona Court of Appeals. In May 2018, Ducey signed into law a bill that requires individuals who collect unemployment benefits for more than four weeks to take any job that pays 20% more than the unemployment benefits. Unemployment benefits in Arizona are capped at $240 a week or one-half of what individuals earned before they were laid off. The new legislation means that people must take jobs paying $288 a week (approximately $15,000 a year) regardless of what they used to make. In 2018, Ducey announced his intention to run for

title: Unemployment in the United States

text: are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the

title: Oregon Republican Party

text: except Social Security should be taxed equally. The party supports only those regulations that support free enterprise and personal freedoms. The party supports the individual's right to keep and bear arms. The party supports voter identification at the polls, transparency in elections, the Electoral College, and severe and enforced penalties for election law violations. Republican nominees have won 25 of Oregon's 38 Presidential popular votes. Chairman: Bill Currier Vice Chairman: Chris Barreto Secretary: Beck Mitts Treasurer: John Lee National Committeeman: Solomon Yue, Jr. National Committeewoman: Marylin Shannon The Oregon Republican Party holds one of the state's five U.S. House seats

title: Federal Unemployment Tax Act

short_answers:
Employers
the employer


question: what is the oldest street in the philippines

answers: Cebu City

answers: Colon Street

title: Quezon City

text: Metro Manila College in Barangay Kaligayahan and has withstood typhoons for more than 200 years. Founded as a pueblo by Saint Pedro Bautista in 1590, San Francisco del Monte may be considered Quezon City's oldest district. The original land area of the old town of San Francisco del Monte was approximately and covered parts of what is currently known as Project 7 and 8 and Timog Avenue. It was later absorbed by Quezon City. It featured a hilly topography with lush vegetation and mineral springs, in the midst of which the old Santuario de San Pedro Bautista was built as

title: Pedro Gil Street

text: Pedro Gil Street Pedro Gil Street (formerly Herran Street) is an east-west inner city street and a tertiary national road in south-central Manila, Philippines. It is 3.6 kilometers (2.2 miles) long, and spans the entire length of Ermita, Malate, Paco and Santa Ana districts, as well as portions of San Andres. The street originates at the intersection with Calderon Street fronting the Santa Ana Church in Santa Ana district where it is divided by a median of greenery and sculptures known as Plaza Felipe Calderon. Heading west, it passes through the Santa Ana Market and an SM Savemore outlet before

title: Victorino Mapa Street

text: Victorino Mapa Street Victorino Mapa Street, also known by its short form V. Mapa Street, is the main north-south road in Santa Mesa district in the City of Manila, Philippines. The street, including its eastern extension, runs for 1.6 kilometers (1 mile) from the junction with Magsaysay Boulevard in the north to Pat Antonio Street in the southeast by the San Juan River that serves as the district's border with San Juan and Mandaluyong. It is home to Don Bosco School, Manila, Unciano Colleges and General Hospital, and several new condominiums and a few motels. A portion of the street

title: Mangubat Street

text: traces its existence back to the 16th century. Mangubat Street Mangubat Street is a historic street located in the old Poblacion in Lapu-Lapu City, Mactan Island, Philippines. during Spanish time, it was known as "Calle Mangubat". It is the street where the old municipal public market stands situated within barangay Poblacion. from GY Dela Serna Street it runs parallel and next to the old town Plaza ("before F. Martir Street was constructed the road that separates the old town Plaza and Calle Mangubat") to Calle LapuLapu (now renamed BM Dimataga Street) . named after Datu Mangubat the chieftain of Mactan

title: Escolta Street

text: Escolta Street Escolta Street is a historic east-west street located in the old downtown district of Binondo in Manila, Philippines. It runs parallel to the Pasig River, from Plaza Santa Cruz to Plaza Moraga and Quintin Paredes Street. The street is home to several fine examples of early skyscraper design in the Philippines. In Spanish, it is known as "calle de la Escolta". Its definition as a historic financial district includes Escolta and other surrounding streets of Binondo and Santa Cruz. One of the oldest streets in Manila, Escolta was created in 1594. Its name was derived from the Spanish

title: Pablo Ocampo Street

text: Benilde which houses the Museum of Contemporary Art and Design. In the San Andres and San Antonio, Makati areas east of Osmeña Highway, the street hosts the Rafael Palma Elementary School, Kingswood Towers, Savana Market, Shopwise Makati, and the Manila South Cemetery at its terminus. Pablo Ocampo Street Pablo Ocampo Street is an inner city main road in Manila, Philippines. It runs west-east for about 3.4 kilometers (2.1 miles) connecting the southern districts of Malate and San Andres southeast to Makati. Originally called Vito Cruz Street after Hermógenes Vito-Cruz, the 19th century mayor of Pineda (present-day Pasay), the street was

title: Mangubat Street

text: Mangubat Street Mangubat Street is a historic street located in the old Poblacion in Lapu-Lapu City, Mactan Island, Philippines. during Spanish time, it was known as "Calle Mangubat". It is the street where the old municipal public market stands situated within barangay Poblacion. from GY Dela Serna Street it runs parallel and next to the old town Plaza ("before F. Martir Street was constructed the road that separates the old town Plaza and Calle Mangubat") to Calle LapuLapu (now renamed BM Dimataga Street) . named after Datu Mangubat the chieftain of Mactan during the Spanish Reconquista of the island. It

title: Pureza Street

text: Street include Polytechnic University of the Philippines, AMA Computer College Manila and an office of the Philippine Statistics Authority. Pureza Street Pureza Street is a short street located in Santa Mesa district in Manila, Philippines. It is a notable road in a generally north-south orientation between the junction with Paltok Street and San Jose Street in Santa Mesa and the intersection with Anonas Street also in Santa Mesa. It is served by Pureza Station of the Manila LRT-2. The street was named after the Spanish-term for "Purity" as approved by then Municipal Board of Manila which was a response after

title: Pablo Ocampo Street

text: Pablo Ocampo Street Pablo Ocampo Street is an inner city main road in Manila, Philippines. It runs west-east for about 3.4 kilometers (2.1 miles) connecting the southern districts of Malate and San Andres southeast to Makati. Originally called Vito Cruz Street after Hermógenes Vito-Cruz, the 19th century mayor of Pineda (present-day Pasay), the street was renamed in 1989 in honor of the Filipino statesman and lawyer Pablo Ocampo. The Manila section runs from Roxas Boulevard near the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex heading east through the city's southern limits in Malate district. It crosses Harrison Avenue and Taft Avenue,

title: Del Pilar Street

text: Del Pilar Street Marcelo H. del Pilar Street, also known as M.H. del Pilar Street or simply Del Pilar Street, is a north-south road running for approximately connecting Ermita and Malate districts in Manila, Philippines. It is a two-lane street which carries traffic one-way southbound from Kalaw Avenue in Rizal Park to Quirino Avenue just across from the Ospital ng Maynila. It was formerly called Calle Real. The street marks the original shoreline of Manila Bay as it existed during the Spanish colonial period. It was then known as "Calle Real" (Spanish for "royal street") which served as the national

title: Pedro Gil Street

text: it narrows into a four-lane undivided road west of Suter Street. Continuing past old heritage houses and a few commercial establishments, Pedro Gil crosses into the northern portion of San Andres and Paco district where it is interrupted by the Paco railway station and busy Quirino Avenue. The downtown portion of Paco, as well as Ermita and Malate, lie across this intersection passing through the Paco Church, Robinsons Place Manila shopping mall, and universities such as University of the Philippines Manila and Saint Paul University Manila. The Ermita-Malate portion in which the street serves as boundary also contains several hotels

title: Binondo

text: Binondo Binondo is a district in Manila and is referred to as the city's Chinatown and is the world's oldest Chinatown. Its influence extends beyond to the places of Quiapo, Santa Cruz, San Nicolas. It is the oldest Chinatown in the world, established in 1594 by the Spaniards as a settlement near Intramuros but across the Pasig River for Catholic Chinese, it was positioned so that colonial rulers could keep a close eye on their migrant subjects. It was already a hub of Chinese commerce even before the Spanish colonial period. Binondo is the center of commerce and trade of

title: Hidalgo Street

text: Hidalgo Street Hidalgo Street (also "F.R. Hidalgo Street" or "R. Hidalgo Street") is a street located in Quiapo in the old downtown of Manila, Philippines. It runs east–west through the center of the district linking two of the district's most popular landmarks, Quiapo Church and San Sebastian Church. It is divided by Quezon Boulevard into two sections. The western section is a pedestrian zone that forms the southern boundary of Plaza Miranda running parallel to Carriedo Street. The eastern section is a two-lane street which leads to the San Sebastian Church. Formerly known during the Spanish colonial times as Calle

title: Abad Santos Avenue

text: Abad Santos Avenue José Abad Santos Avenue is a major north-south arterial road located in the district of Tondo in northern Manila, Philippines. It is a divided roadway with four lanes in each direction running through the eastern edge of Tondo from the intersection with Rizal Avenue near the Manila Chinese Cemetery at its north end to Recto Avenue near the Tutuban railway station and Binondo in the south. Abad Santos Avenue was originally built in the early 19th century under Spanish rule as a narrow residential street in the pueblo of Tondo called "Calle Manuguit". The street was believed

title: Hidalgo Street

text: Recoletos de Manila, one has to access Hidalgo Street. Hidalgo Street Hidalgo Street (also "F.R. Hidalgo Street" or "R. Hidalgo Street") is a street located in Quiapo in the old downtown of Manila, Philippines. It runs east–west through the center of the district linking two of the district's most popular landmarks, Quiapo Church and San Sebastian Church. It is divided by Quezon Boulevard into two sections. The western section is a pedestrian zone that forms the southern boundary of Plaza Miranda running parallel to Carriedo Street. The eastern section is a two-lane street which leads to the San Sebastian Church.

title: Pureza Street

text: Pureza Street Pureza Street is a short street located in Santa Mesa district in Manila, Philippines. It is a notable road in a generally north-south orientation between the junction with Paltok Street and San Jose Street in Santa Mesa and the intersection with Anonas Street also in Santa Mesa. It is served by Pureza Station of the Manila LRT-2. The street was named after the Spanish-term for "Purity" as approved by then Municipal Board of Manila which was a response after a year of the Era of Suppressed Nationalism from the suggestion of an American City Engineer named Clarence Hubbell.

title: Tayuman Street

text: Tayuman Street Tayuman Street is a four-lane east-west street in northern Manila, Philippines. It stretches 1.6 kilometers (1 mile) from the old San Lazaro Hippodrome in Santa Cruz to Barrio Pritil in Tondo district. The street is designated as part of Circumferential Road 2. Tayuman begins as a continuation of Consuelo Street at an intersection with Lacson Avenue in Santa Cruz district fronting SM City San Lazaro. It crosses Rizal Avenue, passing underneath the Tayuman LRT Station where it continues past the headquarters of the Department of Health into the residential areas of Santa Cruz and Tondo. The street ends

title: Adriatico Street

text: street was named in 1964 after Macario Adriatico, a Filipino parliamentarian and author of Manila's city charter. It was formerly known as Dakota Avenue, after the U.S. states of North and South Dakota. Adriatico Street Adriatico Street is a north-south road connecting Ermita and Malate districts in Manila, Philippines. Its northern terminus begins at Padre Faura Street in Ermita carrying southbound traffic all the way to Quirino Avenue in Malate. South of Quirino, the street becomes two way with a wide median running down the center from just past the Manila Zoo up to its southern terminus at Pablo Ocampo

title: Manila

text: shopping mecca of the Philippines where everything is sold at bargain price. There are almost 1 million shoppers in Divisoria according to the Manila Police District. Binondo, the oldest Chinatown in the world, is the city's center of commerce and trade for all types of businesses run by Filipino-Chinese merchants with a wide variety of Chinese and Filipino shops and restaurants. Quiapo is referred to as the "Old Downtown", where tiangges, markets, boutique shops, music and electronics stores are common. C.M. Recto Avenue is where lots of department stores are located. Robinsons Place Manila is the largest shopping mall in

title: Colon Street

text: Colon Street is a historical street in downtown Cebu City that is often called the oldest and the shortest national road in the Philippines.  It is named after Cristóbal Colón (Christopher Columbus). It traces its origins to the town plan by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the Spanish conquistador who arrived in the Philippines to establish a colony in 1565.

title: Del Pilar Street

text: road that linked Manila with the southern provinces. The old coastal highway ran from Ermita to Muntinlupa passing through Pasay (where it is now known as Harrison Avenue), Parañaque (now known as Elpidio Quirino Avenue), and Las Piñas (now known as Diego Cera Avenue and Alabang–Zapote Road). The current shoreline is about 180 meters west on Roxas Boulevard (formerly Dewey Boulevard) which was reclaimed in the early 1900s during the American colonial period. As with most other streets in Manila, it was renamed in 1921 after a Filipino writer and patriot, Marcelo Hilario del Pilar. Notable sites that are presently

title: Granada Street

text: Granada Street Granada Street, also known as Senator Jose O. Vera Street, is a road in Quezon City, Metro Manila, the Philippines. It runs from Nicanor Domingo Street as an extension of Gilmore Avenue to the border with San Juan City, where it terminates at Col. Bonny Serrano Avenue and becomes Ortigas Avenue. The land on which the street lies on used to be part of an estate owned by the family of Jose O. Vera, founder of Sampaguita Pictures and later Senator from 1946 to 1949. In the late 1950s, Mayor Norberto Amoranto convinced the Vera family to permit

title: Prehistory of Manila

text: supported by the first concrete evidence found by the National Museum (the first archaeological excavations done by the museum). The archaeological findings in the Santa Ana area gave a definitive data on the patterns of the way of life of the people about 12th century AD. Seventy eight graves had been uncovered in an ancient more along the old Lamayan road. The Kingdom of Namayan was the oldest kingdom among the three kingdoms present before the Spanish invaded the Philippines. The kingdom was located near Manila Bay, Pasig River, and Laguna de Bay. It capital is Sapa, what is now

title: Granada Street

text: this distinction since the 1970s. Modern-day dining establishments along the street include Gavino's Donuts, known for their Japanese-style donuts, and Mien-San, known for their Chinese-style steamed brisket and other dishes. Granada Street Granada Street, also known as Senator Jose O. Vera Street, is a road in Quezon City, Metro Manila, the Philippines. It runs from Nicanor Domingo Street as an extension of Gilmore Avenue to the border with San Juan City, where it terminates at Col. Bonny Serrano Avenue and becomes Ortigas Avenue. The land on which the street lies on used to be part of an estate owned by

title: Abad Santos Avenue

text: Street near the San Jose Manggagawa de Manuguit Church and the Manila Chinese Cemetery at Tondo's border with Santa Cruz district. It runs south across the mostly residential area of Manuguit crossing Solis Street and the Philippine National Railways line at Antipolo Street. The avenue then enters the Tayuman area and intersects with Yuseco Street (formerly "Calle Tayabas"), Tayuman Street ("Calle Morga") and Quiricada Street. South of Bambang Street ("Calle Trozo"), Abad Santos traverses the Tutuban area that is home to Seng Guan Temple, Chiang Kai Shek College, the Philippine Cultural College, as well as General Hizon Elementary School and

title: Elpidio Quirino Avenue

text: few hundred meters south, the road enters the village of Don Galo and crosses the Parañaque River into the old center ("poblacion") of Parañaque called La Huerta. It then curves slightly upon reaching the St. Andrew's Cathedral and straightens back as it heads south into the village of San Dionisio. The road intersects with Victor Medina Street near the Kabihasnan Entrance to the Manila-Cavite Expressway and ends just a few hundred meters south as it enters the village of Manuyo Uno in Las Piñas where it continues as Diego Cera Avenue. Elpidio Quirino Avenue marks the original shoreline of Manila

title: Lacson Avenue

text: Lacson Avenue Lacson Avenue is the principal northwest-southeast artery located in Sampaloc district in northern Manila, Philippines. It is a 6-8 lane median divided avenue that runs approximately 2.9 kilometers (1.8 miles) from Tayuman Street in Santa Cruz to Nagtahan Bridge in Santa Mesa. It is a component of Circumferential Road 2 of the Manila arterial road network and N140 of the Philippine highway network. The avenue was originally named Forbes Street or Governor Forbes Street, after William Cameron Forbes, governor-general of the Philippines, under whose administration the road was begun. It was extended south to meet "Calle Nagtahan" (Nagtahan

title: Tramo Street

text: Tramo Street Tramo Street is a major local road in Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines. It runs north-south from Pablo Ocampo Street in the border with Malate district to Andrews Avenue in Maricaban district. It is interrupted by Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) and the MRT Line 3 line which divides the road into two sections, the southern section running from EDSA to Andrews Avenue having been renamed to Aurora Boulevard. Tramo Street follows the abandoned line of the Manila Railroad Company (MRR, now Philippine National Railways) that stretched from Paco Station all the way to Cavite City. The Cavite

title: Paterio Aquino Avenue

text: Paterio Aquino Avenue Paterio Aquino Avenue is the main street in Malabon, northern Metro Manila, Philippines. It is a western extension of Samson Road from Caloocan beginning at the intersection with C-4 Road and terminating at F. Sevilla Boulevard at the Malabon City Hall roundabout. It is named for Paterio Aquino who served as municipal mayor of Malabon from 1946-1951 and 1956-1959. The street is sometimes called Letre Road, named for the old barrio in Malabon through which it passes. The section west of Tonsuya Bridge in barangays San Agustin and Tañong is alternatively named "Rizal Avenue Extension." This six-lane

title: Ramon Papa Street

text: Carnival in 1925. Ramon Papa Street Ramon Papa Street, also known as R. Papa Street, is a short street in Tondo, Manila, Philippines located in "barrio" Obrero close to the city's northern border with Caloocan. It runs east-west from Rizal Avenue by its namesake LRT station at the district's border with Santa Cruz to Cecilio Namie Street by its border with Maypajo, Caloocan. The street was constructed in the 1950s as part of the city's rebuilding and expansion plan after World War II. It is primarily a quiet residential street close to the main gates of the Manila Chinese Cemetery

title: Colon Street

short_answers:
Cebu City
Colon Street


question: the gulf stream the world's fastest ocean current flows along the western side of this water body

answers: Atlantic ocean

title: Gulf Stream

text: be stronger than those on the eastern boundary. As a consequence, the resulting Gulf Stream is a strong ocean current. It transports water at a rate of 30 million cubic meters per second (30 sverdrups) through the Florida Straits. As it passes south of Newfoundland, this rate increases to 150 million cubic metres per second. The volume of the Gulf Stream dwarfs all rivers that empty into the Atlantic combined, which barely total 0.6 million cubic metres per second. It is weaker, however, than the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Given the strength and proximity of the Gulf Stream, beaches along the

title: Gulf Stream

text: at its weakest for at least 1,600 years. The Gulf Stream is influential on the climate of the Florida peninsula. The portion off the Florida coast, referred to as the Florida current, maintains an average water temperature at or above during the winter. East winds moving over this warm water move warm air from over the Gulf Stream inland, helping to keep temperatures milder across the state than elsewhere across the Southeast during the winter. Also, the Gulf Stream's proximity to Nantucket, Massachusetts adds to its biodiversity, as it is the northern limit for southern varieties of plant life, and

text: Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index The Gulf Stream separates from the US coast near Cape Hatteras (35°N, 75°W) and then travels eastwards across the North Atlantic, becoming the North Atlantic current at about 55°W. In the region between 75°W and 55°W it is subject to meanders and is frequently accompanied by eddies. The northern edge of the current is marked by a sharp fall in temperature. This is also the case at much greater depths, so that the warm current is pressed up against a wall of cold water, called the ‘north wall’.

title: Gulf Stream

text: also a significant potential source of renewable power generation. The Gulf Stream may be slowing down as a result of climate change. The Gulf Stream is typically 100 kilometres (62 mi) wide and 800 metres (2,600 ft) to 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) deep. The current velocity is fastest near the surface, with the maximum speed typically about 2.5 metres per second (9 kph; 5.6 mph). European discovery of the Gulf Stream dates to the 1512 expedition of Juan Ponce de León, after which it became widely used by Spanish ships sailing from the Caribbean to Spain. A summary of Ponce

title: Gulf Stream

text: East Coast of the United States may be more vulnerable to large sea-level anomalies, which significantly impact rates of coastal erosion. The Gulf Stream is typically wide and to deep. The current velocity is fastest near the surface, with the maximum speed typically about . As it travels north, the warm water transported by the Gulf Stream undergoes evaporative cooling. The cooling is wind-driven: Wind moving over the water causes evaporation, cooling the water and increasing its salinity and density. When sea ice forms, salts are left out of the ice, a process known as brine exclusion. These two processes

title: Gulf Stream

text: ridge's western periphery and the increased relative vorticity of northward moving water, transport is balanced by a narrow, accelerating poleward current, which flows along the western boundary of the ocean basin, outweighing the effects of friction with the western boundary current, known as the Labrador current. The conservation of potential vorticity also causes bends along the Gulf Stream, which occasionally break off due to a shift in the Gulf Stream's position, forming separate warm and cold eddies. This overall process, known as western intensification, causes currents on the western boundary of an ocean basin, such as the Gulf Stream, to

title: Florida Current

text: America and flows northward through the Yucatán Channel into the Gulf of Mexico. The water is heated in the Gulf and forced out through the Florida Straits, between the Florida Keys and Cuba and flows northward along the east coast of the United States. The Florida Current is often referred to imprecisely as the Gulf Stream. In fact, the Florida Current joins the Gulf Stream off the east coast of Florida. The Florida Current has an estimated mean transport of 30 Sv, varying seasonally and interannually by as much as 10 Sv. The volume transport increases as it flows farther

title: Gulf Stream

text: percent of such systems documented between 1951 and 2000 formed near this warm water current, with two annual peaks of activity occurring during the months of May and October. Cyclones within the ocean form under the Gulf Stream, extending as deep as beneath the ocean's surface. The theoretical maximum energy dissipation from the Gulf Stream by turbines is in the range of 20-60 GW. One suggestion, which could theoretically supply power comparable to several nuclear power plants, would deploy a field of underwater turbines placed 300 meters (980 ft) under the center of the core of the Gulf Stream. Ocean

title: Gulf Stream

text: chart is an illustration of the migration pattern of herring and not an ocean current. The Gulf Stream proper is a western-intensified current, driven largely by wind stress. The North Atlantic Drift, in contrast, is largely thermohaline circulation–driven. In 1958 the oceanographer Henry Stommel noted that "very little water from the Gulf of Mexico is actually in the Stream". By carrying warm water northeast across the Atlantic, it makes Western and especially Northern Europe warmer than it otherwise would be. A river of sea water, called the Atlantic North Equatorial Current, flows westward off the coast of Central Africa. When

title: Florida Current

text: km at 29°N to 145 km where it flows into the Gulf Stream at 73°W. Florida Current The Florida Current is a thermal ocean current that flows from the Straits of Florida around the Florida Peninsula and along the southeastern coast of the United States before joining the Gulf Stream Current near Cape Hatteras. Its contributing currents are the Loop Current and the Antilles Current. The current was discovered by Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León in 1513. The Florida Current results from the movement of water pushed from the Atlantic into the Caribbean Sea by the rotation of the

title: Gulf Stream, Florida

text: 1938. The school is open from Montessori 3s through to 8th grade. Gulf Stream is located at (26.490317, -80.061110). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and (9.64%) is water. As of the census of 2000, there were 716 people, 340 households, and 222 families residing in the town. The population density was 953.7 inhabitants per square mile (368.6/km²). There were 625 housing units at an average density of 832.5 per square mile (321.8/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 95.39% White (93.2% were Non-Hispanic White,) 0.98%

title: Loop Current

text: Loop Current A parent to the Florida Current, the Loop Current is a warm ocean current that flows northward between Cuba and the Yucatán Peninsula, moves north into the Gulf of Mexico, loops east and south before exiting to the east through the Florida Straits and joining the Gulf Stream. The Loop Current is an extension of the of the western boundary current of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. Serving as the dominant circulation feature in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico, the Loop Currents transports between 23 and 27 sverdrups and reaches maximum flow speeds of from 1.5 to 1.8

title: North Atlantic Current

text: in the south and 20 Sv as it crosses the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It reaches speeds of 2 knots near the North American coast. Directed by topography, the NAC meanders heavily, but in contrast to the meanders of the Gulf Stream, the NAC meanders remain stable without breaking off into eddies. The colder parts of the Gulf Stream turn northward near the "tail" of the Grand Banks at 50°W where the Azores Current branches off to flow south of the Azores. From there the NAC flows northeastward, east of the Flemish Cap (47°N, 45°W). Approaching the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, it then turns

text: positive relationship between winter nitrate concentrations in two lakes in SW Ireland and the latitudinal position of the Gulf Stream in the previous spring. The long-distance association with the position of the Gulf Stream has also been reported in a long-running series of observations of wild plants along a roadside in the English Cotswolds. Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index The Gulf Stream separates from the US coast near Cape Hatteras (35°N, 75°W) and then travels eastwards across the North Atlantic, becoming the North Atlantic current at about 55°W. In the region between 75°W

title: Gulf Stream

text: move in a northward direction and curve toward the eastern coast of the United States or stay on a north-westward track and enter the Gulf of Mexico. Such storms have the potential to create strong winds and extensive damage to the United States' Southeast Coastal Areas. Hurricane Sandy in 2012 was a recent example of a hurricane passing over the Gulf Stream and gaining strength. Strong extratropical cyclones have been shown to deepen significantly along a shallow frontal zone, forced by the Gulf Stream itself, during the cold season. Subtropical cyclones also tend to generate near the Gulf Stream. 75

title: Thermohaline circulation

text: Gulf Stream. It is part of the North Atlantic Gyre. Its presence has led to the development of strong cyclones of all types, both within the atmosphere and within the ocean. The Gulf Stream is also a significant potential source of renewable power generation. All these dense water masses sinking into the ocean basins displace the older deep water masses that were made less dense by ocean mixing. To maintain a balance, water must be rising elsewhere. However, because this thermohaline upwelling is so widespread and diffuse, its speeds are very slow even compared to the movement of the bottom

title: Thermohaline circulation

text: Stream to be a northward accelerating current off the east coast of North America. At about , it splits in two, with the northern stream crossing to northern Europe and the southern stream recirculating off West Africa. The Gulf Stream influences the climate of the east coast of North America from Florida to Newfoundland, and the west coast of Europe. Although there has been recent debate, there is consensus that the climate of Western Europe and Northern Europe is warmer than it would otherwise be due to the North Atlantic drift, one of the branches from the tail of the

title: Gulf Hammock (wetlands)

text: mounds rising up to above sea level. The land surface has a thin layer of topsoil over limestone and dolomite. Gulf Hammock is drained by more than 40 named streams. The Waccasassa River flows through the middle of the hammock. The Wekiva River (also known as Wekiva Creek) is a tributary of the Waccasassa River, passing through the community of Gulf Hammock. Other tributaries of the Waccasassa River include Otter Creek, which passes near the town of Otter Creek, and Cow Creek. Dry Creek is the largest stream that flows directly into the Gulf of Mexico. The hammock is also

title: Loop Current

text: that planktonic species likewise avoid the higher temperatures in these features. Loop Current A parent to the Florida Current, the Loop Current is a warm ocean current that flows northward between Cuba and the Yucatán Peninsula, moves north into the Gulf of Mexico, loops east and south before exiting to the east through the Florida Straits and joining the Gulf Stream. The Loop Current is an extension of the of the western boundary current of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. Serving as the dominant circulation feature in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico, the Loop Currents transports between 23 and 27

title: Gulf Stream

title: Gulf Stream

text: which is covered with ice and snow in winter. However, almost all of Norway's coast remains free of ice and snow throughout the year. Weather systems warmed by the Gulf Stream drift into Northern Europe, also warming the climate behind the Scandinavian mountains. The warm water and temperature contrast along the edge of the Gulf Stream often increase the intensity of cyclones, tropical or otherwise. Tropical cyclone generation normally requires water temperatures in excess of . Tropical cyclone formation is common over the Gulf Stream, especially in the month of July. Storms travel westward through the Caribbean and then either

title: Gulf Stream

text: recirculating off West Africa. The Gulf Stream influences the climate of the east coast of North America from Florida to Newfoundland, and the west coast of Europe. Although there has been recent debate, there is consensus that the climate of Western Europe and Northern Europe is warmer than it would otherwise be due to the North Atlantic drift which is the northeastern section of the Gulf Stream. It is part of the North Atlantic Gyre. Its presence has led to the development of strong cyclones of all types, both within the atmosphere and within the ocean. The Gulf Stream is

title: Ennore creek

text: the area. Both the rivers do not reach the sea directly but confluence in the brackish water bodies, mangroves situated at the fringes of the creek and the Buckingham Canal. The Kosasthalaiyar River drains into the Ennore backwaters reaching the sea through the creek. The littoral currents moving in a northerly direction for 9 months from February till October transport the sediments and deposit them few kilometres off shore and, in an area of emergence, these strands form strand plains. The mean wind speed in the region is about 4.7 m/s. The flux-level changes vary from 0.4 to 6 m/s/m.

title: Shutdown of thermohaline circulation

text: cold water chimney behaviour. In January 2010, the Gulf Stream briefly connected with the West Greenland Current after fluctuating for a few weeks due to an extreme negative phase of the Arctic oscillation, temporarily diverting it west of Greenland. Heat is transported from the equator polewards mostly by the atmosphere but also by ocean currents, with warm water near the surface and cold water at deeper levels. The best known segment of this circulation is the Gulf Stream, a wind-driven gyre, which transports warm water from the Caribbean northwards. A northwards branch of the Gulf Stream, the North Atlantic Drift,

text: reported a shorter delay). Hameed and Piontkovski have shown the index seems to be most sensitive to the Iceland Low. Taylor and Gangopadhyay have used a simple model developed by Behringer, Regier and Stommel to predict the latitude of the Gulf Stream on the basis of the NAO (see Fig. 1). This model has also been tested using data from a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. The latitude of the Gulf Stream is also affected by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Fig. 1 Latitude at which the Gulf Stream leaves the US coast as predicted by the Behringer,

title: Gulf Stream

text: the southern limit for northern plant species, Nantucket being warmer during winter than the mainland. The North Atlantic Current of the Gulf Stream, along with similar warm air currents, helps keep Ireland and the western coast of Great Britain a couple of degrees warmer than the east. However, the difference is most dramatic in the western coastal islands of Scotland. A noticeable effect of the Gulf Stream and the strong westerly winds (driven by the warm water of the Gulf Stream) on Europe occurs along the Norwegian coast. Northern parts of Norway lie close to the Arctic zone, most of

title: Brazil Current

text: side consists of the SEC which flows west and then splits with the north water becoming the North Brazil Current (NBC) The southern flowing waters become the Brazil Current which makes up the western boundary. It is a western boundary current like the Gulf Stream, and is indeed its southern counterpart; however, it is considerably shallower and weaker. It flows south from the equator to the west wind drift. It joins the Falkland Current (Malvinas Current) at the Argentine Sea (see Brazil–Falkland Confluence), making it a temperate sea. The Brazil-Falkland Confluence is where the Brazil Current begins to separate from

title: Gulf Coastal Plain

text: river receives an abundant load of silt from its tributaries, and takes up and lays down silt from its own bed and banks with every change of velocity. The swiftest current follows the outer side of every significant curve in the channel. Thus the concave bank on the side of the fastest part of the river is worn away. Any chance irregularity is exaggerated, and in time a series of large serpentines or meanders is developed, the most-symmetrical examples at present being those near Greenville, Mississippi. The growth of the meanders tends to give the river continually increasing length. This

title: Marine weather forecasting

text: along the western boundary of the ocean basin, outweighing the effects of friction with the western boundary current known as the Labrador current. The conservation of potential vorticity also causes bends along the Gulf Stream, which occasionally break off due to a shift in the Gulf Stream's position, forming separate warm and cold eddies. This overall process, known as western intensification, causes currents on the western boundary of an ocean basin, such as the Gulf Stream, to be stronger than those on the eastern boundary. Swells are often created by storms long distances away from the beach where they break,

title: Yucatán Channel

text: strongly on the western side of the channel while the Cuban Countercurrent flows in the opposite direction on the easterly side of the channel. Underneath the Yucatán Current there is a southward-flowing Yucatán Undercurrent which takes water away from the Gulf of Mexico. As the water flowing through the Yucatán Channel enter the Gulf of Mexico, it passes over the Campeche Bank, a shallow area of sea. Here there are coral reefs on the outer fringes of the Yucatán shelf about offshore. The main reef-building corals here are "Acropora cervicornis", "Acropora palmata" and "Montastraea annularis" and in the late 1990s

title: Gulf Stream

long_answer: The Gulf Stream, together with its northern extension the North Atlantic Drift, is a warm and swift Atlantic ocean current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and stretches to the tip of Florida, and follows the eastern coastlines of the United States and Newfoundland before crossing the Atlantic Ocean. The process of western intensification causes the Gulf Stream to be a northward accelerating current off the east coast of North America. At about 40°0′N 30°0′W / 40.000°N 30.000°W / 40.000; -30.000, it splits in two, with the northern stream, the North Atlantic Drift, crossing to Northern Europe and the southern stream, the Canary Current, recirculating off West Africa.


question: in florida it is illegal to sell alcohol before 1 pm on any sunday. this is an example of

answers: Blue laws

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: sale of alcohol is prohibited in most of Mississippi on Sundays. Also, liquor sales are prohibited in nearly half of the state's counties. The sale of alcohol is prohibited from 1:30 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. Saturday through Monday. Alcohol sales on Sunday are allowed from 9:00 a.m. to midnight subject to an additional liquor license fee. In 1677, the General Assembly of East New Jersey banned the "singing of vain songs or tunes" on Sabbath. One of the last remaining Sunday closing laws in the United States that covers selling electronics, clothing and furniture is found in Bergen County, New

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: prohibited by the Georgia General Assembly up until 2011. On April 28, 2011, Georgia Governor Nathan Deal signed legislation allowing local communities to vote on whether to allow alcohol sales on Sundays. Sales are still restricted on Sundays before 12:30 p.m. On November 8, 2011, voters in more than 100 Georgia cities and counties voted on a bill that would allow stores to sell alcohol on Sundays. It passed in Valdosta, Atlanta, Savannah and many other cities. Before this, cities and counties of sufficiently large populations such as most of Metro Atlanta already had Sunday alcohol sales at bars and

title: Alcohol laws of Indiana

text: Alcohol laws of Indiana Until 2018, Indiana was one of nearly a dozen U.S. states to ban all Sunday alcohol sales outside of bars and restaurants. That ban was repealed when Senate Bill 1 was signed by Gov. Eric Holcomb on February 28, 2018 . Effective March 4, 2018, convenience stores, grocers, and liquor stores may sell alcohol from 12:00 PM to 8:00 PM on Sundays . Effective July 4, 2010, beer sold in microbreweries may be sold on Sundays pursuant to Senate Bill 75. The sales must take place where the brewing is done. However, off-site sales may take

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: in 2017, the sale of alcohol in liquor stores was prohibited statewide on Sundays. As recently as the 2015 legislative session, proposals to allow Sunday liquor sales were defeated regularly. However, in 2015, Sunday growler purchases were made legal. On March 2, 2017, the state legislature passed a law allowing for Sunday Liquor Sales to begin on July 2, 2017. Governor Dayton signed the legislation as soon as it was passed. Liquor stores are not required to be open on Sundays, but those who choose to do so are restricted to the hours of 11 AM and 6 PM. The

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: serve alcoholic beverages. Alcohol sales are no longer prohibited on New Years Day. In 2010, a change in legislation allowed Indiana residents to purchase alcohol on Election Day. Christmas sales are still prohibited. In the state of Indiana, as of March 1, 2018, Sunday alcohol sales are allowed between noon and 8pm. Iowa Code 322.3 states that a licensed car dealership cannot either directly or through an agent, salesperson, or employee, engage in Iowa, or represent or advertise that the person is engaged or intends to engage in Iowa, in the business of buying or selling at retail new or

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: on Sundays until repealed on February 28, 2018, and many states ban selling cars on Sundays. Arizona previously limited alcohol sales hours on Sundays (2 a.m. to 10 a.m.; the other six days of the week alcohol could be purchased starting at 6 a.m.). This law was repealed in 2010. Arkansas has 75 counties, 39 of which are "dry", meaning the sale of any alcoholic beverage is prohibited entirely. (Some exceptions are made for private facilities). Private facilities must have licenses, which can be rigorous. Sale of alcoholic beverages on Christmas Day is entirely prohibited, even in private facilities. Alcohol

title: Drinking in public

text: consumed within of the off license where it was purchased. Some towns and cities have by-laws forbidding public drinking. The sale of alcohol in stores or off-license is illegal between the hours of 10:00 PM and 10:00 AM with the exception of Sunday morning, when the sale of alcohol is forbidden until 12:00 PM. The sale of alcohol in bars and pubs is prohibited after 3:00 AM and before 10:00 AM, with the exception of those with special licenses, which is rare. These bars are known locally as "early houses". The law prohibiting the sale of alcohol on Good Friday

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: it cannot sell liquor. Liquor cannot be sold at retail stores during any of the following times: Wholesalers can deliver liquor to retailers at any time except on Sunday or Christmas; however, local distributors can only deliver liquor to retailers between 5 a.m. and 9 p.m. on any day except Sunday, Christmas or any day where the retailer is prohibited from selling liquor. There are forms of hunting on Sunday that are illegal, such as deer, turkey, dove and duck, and other forms that are legal. The forms of Sunday hunting that are legal are hunting on licensed hunting preserves,

title: Sunday shopping

text: Beer and wine may be sold in grocery and convenience stores, but only afternoon on Sunday. The District of Columbia prohibits sales of alcohol by liquor stores on Sundays. Grocery stores and retailers selling alcohol to be consumed on their premises are not subject to this prohibition. Some states, including Indiana and Pennsylvania, also prohibit car dealerships from selling vehicles on Sunday. Sunday shopping is allowed in every country. Most shopping malls and supermarkets stay open every Sunday in Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Uruguay, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia etc. Sunday opening became widespread in most of South America by the early 1980s.

title: Alcohol laws of South Carolina

text: the retail sale of liquor statewide is permitted from 9 a.m. until 7 p.m. Monday–Saturday, and Sunday sales are banned by state law. However, counties and cities may hold referendums to allow Sunday sales of beer and wine only. Counties currently allowing Sunday beer and wine sales: Berkeley, Beaufort, Charleston, Dorchester, Georgetown, Horry, Newberry, Oconee, Richland (unincorporated areas only), and York. Lancaster and Lexington allow in cities with referendums. Cities and towns that have passed laws allowing Sunday beer and wine sales include Columbia, Spartanburg, Charleston, Greenville, Aiken, Rock Hill, Summerville, Santee, Daniel Island, Hardeeville and Tega Cay. While there

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: restaurants, with local ordinances to abide by, such as having a certain amount of food sales in order to be opened and serve alcohol. Exceptions were also made by the drink at festivals and large events. Horse racing is prohibited on Sundays unless authorized by the local municipality. Car dealerships are closed on Sundays. Carry-out alcohol sales were strictly prohibited on Sundays until 2011, when the state amended its laws to permit qualified breweries to sell local brews for carryout (generally growlers). In 2018, the law was changed to allow carry-out purchases on Sundays. Restaurants and taverns can generally still

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: Sundays. Hunting is prohibited on Sundays. Maine is also one of three states where it is illegal for almost all businesses to open on Thanksgiving, most notably the big department stores. Alcohol sales remain restricted but allowed between the hours of 1 a.m. and 7 a.m. Monday through Saturday and 1 a.m. and 9 a.m. on Sunday. In Maryland, "a new or used car dealer may not sell, barter, deliver, give away, show, or offer for sale a motor vehicle or certificate of title for a motor vehicle on Sunday", except in Howard County, Montgomery County, and Prince George's County.

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: can apply for permits to sell on and off-premise on Sunday if their municipality allows it. No sales on Christmas Day. Alcohol sales for consumption off-premises are not permitted between 3 a.m. and 8 a.m. on Sundays, while on-premises sales are not permitted between 4 a.m. and 8 a.m. on any day. Prior to 2006, off-premises alcohol sales were forbidden until noon on Sundays, and liquor/wine stores were required to be closed the entire day. Because grocery stores are not permitted to carry wine or liquor, the older law essentially meant that only beer and alcoholic malt beverages could be

title: Botellón

text: passed a law that prohibits stores to sell alcohol to the public after 10:00 p.m, hoping to persuade people to attend clubs or bars where alcohol must remain on site. However, the measure is a controversial one because people can still buy alcohol before the selling limit hour and consume it in public. Furthermore, the enforcement of the law is strongest in the most populated botellón areas and has caused some stores away from these enforcement areas to sell alcohol illegally after the limit hour, although they risk fines. In some provinces, laws were passed that prohibited the consumption on

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: and liquor sales are entirely prohibited on Sunday and Christmas Day. (Some exceptions for private facilities are made for Sundays). Washington, D.C. allows private retailers (Class A) to sell distilled spirits, but the District Council requires Class A retailers to be closed on Sundays (Class B retailers, such as grocery stores, may sell beer and wine on Sundays). However, in December 2012, the Council voted to repeal the Sunday restriction. The repeal took effect May 1, 2013. Several counties prohibit the sale of alcohol and sex toys on Sunday and during certain hours. Sunday retail alcohol sales in stores were

title: Alcohol laws of New York

text: Sundays, a remnant of a royal decree during the Colonial era, and between 3–6 a.m. any day. Changes to the law made in the last years of Governor George Pataki's administration loosened those restrictions, and now beer sales are only prohibited from 3–8 a.m. Sundays. Counties are free to adjust those hours in either direction, all the way to midnight and noon, and allow 24-hour beer sales on other days of the week. The law also changed for liquor stores. They may now open on Sundays. (although not before noon) They must still remain closed on Christmas, all day. A

title: Alcohol laws of Texas

text: midnight on all days except Sunday; Sunday sales are permitted between midnight and 1AM and between noon and midnight (excepting certain sales of beer with food). Wine sales are generally permitted at the same time as beer sales. Any retailer with a proper permit may sell beer and wine. Liquor sales are more stringently regulated. Liquor sales are prohibited 1) on Sundays, 2) on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year's Day (and when Christmas and New Year's fall on a Sunday, the prohibition is carried over to the following Monday), and 3) before 10AM and after 9PM on any

title: Alcohol laws of Oklahoma

text: sell packaged liquor (off-premises sales) on Sundays. With the passage of Senate Bill 211, counties can approve Sunday liquor sales through a special election. Sales also are prohibited on Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Wine and beer for consumption off-premises may not be sold between 2:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. People who have been convicted of a felony or any alcohol-related crime may not obtain a license to sell packaged alcohol. Senate bill 211 was passed to allow sales on sunday. https://legiscan.com/OK/bill/SB211/2017 Alcohol may not be sold for consumption on-premises or allowed to be

title: Alcohol laws of Maine

text: week. On New Year's Day, alcohol may be sold until 2 a.m. It may be consumed in establishments licensed for on-premises consumption until 1:15 a.m., with the exception of New Year's Day when it is 2:15 a.m. Alcohol sales were previously prohibited until 9 a.m. on Sundays. In 2013 an exception was made to allow sales starting at 6 a.m. when St. Patrick's Day falls on a Sunday. But in 2015 the legislature revised the law again to allow sales on any Sunday starting at 5 a.m., the same as every other day of the week. It is illegal to

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: Blue laws in the United States vary by state. Blue laws are laws designed to enforce religious standards. Many states prohibit selling alcoholic beverages for on- and off-premises sales in one form or another on Sundays at some restricted time. Blue laws may also prohibit retail activity on days such as Sunday.

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: for "off-premises consumption" by any retailer that can supply and has the proper licenses. A beer and wine seller may sell other non-alcohol items, and is not required to be closed for business during periods when beer and wine cannot be sold. Beer can be sold between 7 a.m. and midnight Monday–Saturday and on Sunday from midnight to 1 a.m. and again between noon and midnight. On-premises consumption permit holders may sell beer between 10 a.m. and noon but only with a food order. In certain large cities as defined within the Code, beer sales are automatically extended to 2

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: may sell beer and malt liquor, but not wine or hard liquor. In 2016, a bill was passed to relax the liquor laws. Updates include allowing grocery stores, convenience stores, hotels, and restaurants to sell take out wine, allowing mail order wine shipments, and allowing 24/7 alcohol sales at casinos. Special licenses are required for businesses to take advantage of these new opportunities. Also Sunday restrictions on the hours at the state owned "Fine wines and Good Spirits" stores were eliminated. Hunting is prohibited on Sundays, with the exception of foxes, crows and coyotes. Car dealerships are also closed on

title: Alcohol laws of New Jersey

text: am and after 10 pm any day of the week. This can be restricted further by local ordinance. Liquor stores may sell beer and wine during any hours that on-premises sales are allowed. New Jersey regulations for liquor stores and bars are extensive. Licensed establishments may not offer nudity. It is illegal to sell liquor below cost, charge a flat fee for unlimited drinks (except for private parties and on New Year's Eve), offer any promotion that is contingent on drinking a certain amount of alcohol, allow patrons to remain after closing time, or sell liquor at a drive-through window.

title: Blue laws in the United States

text: a.m. on any day of the week; in smaller cities and unincorporated portions of counties such sales can be allowed if authorized by the local governing body. Wine sales are subject to the same rules as beer sales, except sales are allowed until 2 a.m. on Sunday in all cases. Liquor must be sold at specialized stores only (referred to as "package stores" in the statute) and the store must be physically separate from any other business (such as an adjoining convenience store). A package store can sell other items, but the store must be closed at any time when

title: Sunday shopping

text: but it tends to be limited to supermarkets and retail businesses in large shopping malls. This is likely a result of the Basic Conditions of Employment Act, which requires that workers are paid 1.5 times the normal rate on a Sunday. In addition, provincial liquor licensing usually restricts the sale of alcohol on a Sunday. In Canada, each province and territory has its own legislation regarding employment standards and Sunday shopping. In 1982, the Supreme Court of Canada upheld the Lord's Day Act. However, at that time, only the Canadian Bill of Rights existed. That document only protected existing Canadian

title: Alcohol laws of Kansas

text: then, two counties and 23 cities had adopted laws permitting Sunday liquor sales. Effective November 15, 2005, the Legislature amended the Liquor Control Act to permit cities and counties to allow Sunday liquor sales. Sales are prohibited on Easter, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. Since June 2012, bars are able to offer happy-hour specials after more than 25 years of being able to reduce prices only if they’d done so for the entire day. Liquor stores are able to offer unlimited free samples of beer, wine and liquor. And the growing business of microdistilleries is freed to produce up to 50,000 gallons

title: Sunday shopping

text: be served in restaurants and bars on Sunday unless local (county or city) ordinances prohibit or restrict their doing so. For instance, in Georgia, most of the Metro Atlanta area counties serve alcohol at restaurants and bars, but the establishments must have a certain amount of food sales in order to be opened and serve alcohol on Sundays. Yet many of Georgia's rural counties and some outer metropolitan Atlanta counties, such as Barrow County, remain completely dry on Sundays. In those counties on Sundays, bars are closed, and restaurants are allowed to operate but are prohibited from serving alcohol. There

title: Alcohol laws of Pennsylvania

text: Good Spirits stores, contrary to popular belief, but only if accompanied by a parent or guardian. Monday through Saturday, a store may open as early as 9 am and close as late as 10 pm. On Sunday, many stores sell liquor from 11 am until 7 pm. Wineries are common throughout the Commonwealth, and often sell their wines at storefronts in shopping malls; persons under the age of 21 are permitted to enter these establishments. Wine was available for a short time in supermarket kiosks, but this practice has ended. Many supermarkets now operate restaurants at which they are permitted

title: Alcohol laws of Missouri

text: is not located within of a school or church, virtually any retail business (including a vague and undefined "general merchandise store") which obtains the proper licenses from the Division of Alcohol and Tobacco Control and local authorities may sell any type of alcohol. State law even forbids a local option and prohibits cities and counties from banning the off-premises sale of alcohol. Missouri does, however, limit the hours of retail alcohol sales to between 6:00 AM and 1:30 AM Monday through Saturday, and – for an additional license fee – between 9:00 am and 12:00 midnight on Sunday. Most municipalities,

title: Alcohol laws of Oklahoma

text: consumed in places licensed to sell alcohol between 2:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m. This crime is punishable by a fine of up to $500 and up to 6 months imprisonment. Licensed vendors may not advertise happy hours, serve more than two beverages at a time to a customer, give a discount to a person or group of persons, or permit the play of games that involve drinking. As of June 2018, all 77 counties allow liquor by the drink. The last 14 counties that only allowed private bottle clubs as well as beer taverns and restaurants permitted to sell only

title: Blue laws in the United States