question: state the process that divides one nucleus into two genetically identical nuclei

answers: mitosis

title: Nuclear equivalence

text: Nuclear equivalence According to the principle of nuclear equivalence, the nuclei of essentially all differentiated adult cells of an individual are genetically (though not necessarily metabolically) identical to one another and to the nucleus of the zygote from which they descended. This means that virtually all somatic cells in an adult have the same genes. However, different cells express different subsets of these genes. The evidence for nuclear equivalence comes from cases in which differentiated cells or their nuclei have been found to retain the potential of directing the development of the entire organism. Such cells or nuclei are said

title: Nuclear equivalence

text: to exhibit totipotency. Nuclear equivalence According to the principle of nuclear equivalence, the nuclei of essentially all differentiated adult cells of an individual are genetically (though not necessarily metabolically) identical to one another and to the nucleus of the zygote from which they descended. This means that virtually all somatic cells in an adult have the same genes. However, different cells express different subsets of these genes. The evidence for nuclear equivalence comes from cases in which differentiated cells or their nuclei have been found to retain the potential of directing the development of the entire organism. Such cells or

title: Chilodonella uncinata

text: located on one side of the dividing somatic nucleus are distributed to one daughter cell, and the somatic chromosomes on the other side of the nucleus are distributed to the other daughter cell. This amitotic process causes the two daughter cells to potentially have identical germ-line nucleus but a different somatic nucleus in regards to the copy numbers of the chromosomes. As the somatic nucleus is the nucleus that is transcriptionally active, this somatic copy number mutation derived by the amitotic process could have fitness consequences for the individual cell. "Childonella uncinata" is easily cultured in the laboratory, has a

title: In Re Roslin Institute (Edinburgh)

text: breakthrough in scientific discovery. Known as somatic cell nuclear transfer, this process involves removing the nucleus of a regular body cell and implanting that nucleus into an egg cell that has had its cell nucleus removed. A nucleus is the organelle that holds a cell's genetic material (its DNA). Campbell and Wilmut found that if the donor, somatic cell is arrested in the stage of the cell cycle where it is dormant and non-replicating (the quiescent phase) prior to nuclear transfer, the resulting fused cell will develop into an embryo. The resulting cloned animal is an exact genetic replica of

title: Cell nucleus

text: and mediate the replication of DNA during the cell cycle. The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes. The nuclear envelope allows the nucleus to control its contents, and separate them from the rest of the cytoplasm where necessary. This is important for controlling processes on either side of the nuclear membrane. In most cases where a cytoplasmic process needs to be restricted, a key participant is removed

title: Nuclear dimorphism

text: Nuclear dimorphism Nuclear dimorphism is a term referred to the special characteristic of having two different kinds of nuclei in a cell. This feature is observed in protozoan ciliates and some foraminifera. Ciliates contain two nucleus types: a macronucleus that is primarily used to control metabolism, and a micronucleus which performs reproductive functions and generates the macronucleus. Nuclear dimorphism is subject to complex epigenetic controls. The micronucleus is globally repressed during the vegetative state, and serves as the diploid germline nucleus, whereas all known vegetative gene expression happens in the macronucleus, which is a polyploid somatic nucleus. The ciliated protozoan

title: Nuclear organization

text: of nucleic acids, with two bound and opposing nucleic acids referred to as DNA base pairs. In order for DNA to pack inside the tiny cell nucleus, each strand is wrapped around histones, forming nucleosome structures. These nucleosome pack together to form chromosomes. Depending on the eukaryote, there are multiple independent chromosomes of varying sizes within each nucleus - for example, humans have 46 while giraffes have 30. Within regions of the chromosome, the order of the DNA base pairs makes up specific elements for gene expression and DNA replication. Some of the more common elements include protein coding genes

title: Coprinopsis cinerea

text: mushroom cap. Meiosis is a specialized cell division process, occurring in diploid cells, in which a single round of DNA replication occurs, and is followed by two divisions to produce four haploid daughter nuclei. During meiosis homologous chromosomes pair with each other and undergo a DNA repair process in which DNA damage is removed and genetic information is recombined. Burns et al. studied the expression of genes involved in the 15-hour meiotic process encompassing time points prior to the haploid nuclear fusion that forms the diploid zygote to the final formation of the four haploid products. They compared expression of

title: Ascomycota

text: parallel, creating two pairs of genetically different nuclei. One daughter nucleus migrates close to the hook, while the other daughter nucleus locates to the basal part of the hypha. The formation of two parallel cross-walls then divides the hypha into three sections: one at the hook with one nucleus, one at the basal of the original hypha that contains one nucleus, and one that separates the U-shaped part, which contains the other two nuclei. Fusion of the nuclei (karyogamy) takes place in the U-shaped cells in the hymenium, and results in the formation of a diploid zygote. The zygote grows

title: Cell nucleus

text: aging in its sufferers. The exact mechanism by which the associated biochemical changes give rise to the aged phenotype is not well understood. The cell nucleus contains the majority of the cell's genetic material in the form of multiple linear DNA molecules organized into structures called chromosomes. Each human cell contains roughly two meters of DNA. During most of the cell cycle these are organized in a DNA-protein complex known as chromatin, and during cell division the chromatin can be seen to form the well-defined chromosomes familiar from a karyotype. A small fraction of the cell's genes are located instead

title: Cell nucleus

text: Cell nucleus In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin or , meaning "kernel" or "seed") is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells, have no nuclei, and a few others including osteoclasts have many. Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in a complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome and are structured in such a

title: Karyogamy

text: egg's nucleus. The two pronuclei migrate toward each other and then fuse to form a diploid cell. Karyogamy Karyogamy is the final step in the process of fusing together two haploid eukaryotic cells, and refers specifically to the fusion of the two nuclei. Before karyogamy, each haploid cell has one complete copy of the organism's genome. In order for karyogamy to occur, the cell membrane and cytoplasm of each cell must fuse with the other in a process known as plasmogamy. Once within the joined cell membrane, the nuclei are referred to as pronuclei. Once the cell membranes, cytoplasm, and

title: Radioactive decay

text: decaying nucleus is called the "parent radionuclide" (or "parent radioisotope"), and the process produces at least one "daughter nuclide". Except for gamma decay or internal conversion from a nuclear excited state, the decay is a nuclear transmutation resulting in a daughter containing a different number of protons or neutrons (or both). When the number of protons changes, an atom of a different chemical element is created. The first decay processes to be discovered were alpha decay, beta decay, and gamma decay. Alpha decay occurs when the nucleus ejects an alpha particle (helium nucleus). This is the most common process of

title: Alpha thalassemia abnormal morphogenesis

text: to grow, mature, divide, or die. The nucleus contains DNA otherwise known as Deoxyribonucleic acid, a long spiral shaped molecule that stores the genes that determine hair color, eye color, whether or not the person is right or left handed, and many more traits. DNA, along with other genes and the information they contain, is passed down from parents to their children during reproduction. Each cell has many DNA molecules, but because cells are very small and DNA molecules are long, the DNA is packaged very tightly in each cell. These packages of DNA are called chromosomes, and each cell

title: Cell nucleus

text: It appears as a dense, roughly spherical or irregular organelle. The composition by dry weight of the nucleus is approximately: DNA 9%, RNA 1%, Histone Protein 11%, Residual Protein 14%, Acidic Proteins 65%. In some types of white blood cells specifically most granulocytes the nucleus is lobated and can be present as a bi-lobed, tri-lobed or multi-lobed organelle. The nuclear envelope, otherwise known as nuclear membrane, consists of two cellular membranes, an inner and an outer membrane, arranged parallel to one another and separated by 10 to 50 nanometres (nm). The nuclear envelope completely encloses the nucleus and separates the

title: 1q21.1 copy number variations

text: mental retardation and various physical anomalies. Meiosis is the process of dividing cells in humans. In meiosis, the chromosome pairs splits and a representative of each pair goes to one daughter cell. In this way the number of chromosomes will be halved in each cell, while all the parts on the chromosome (genes) remain, after being randomized. Which information of the parent cell ends up in the daughter cell is purely decided by chance. Besides this random process, there is a second random process. In this second random process the DNA will be scrambled in a way that pieces are

title: History of botany

text: Sachs had shown the continuity protoplasm between cell walls. From 1870 to 1880 it became clear that cell nuclei are never formed anew but always derived from the substance of another nucleus. In 1882 Flemming observed the longitudinal splitting of chromosomes in the dividing nucleus and concluded that each daughter nucleus received half of each of the chromosomes of the mother nucleus: then by the early 20th century it was found that the number of chromosomes in a given species is constant. With genetic continuity confirmed and the finding by Eduard Strasburger that the nuclei of reproductive cells (in pollen

title: Neurospora crassa

text: fuse with each other to form a diploid nucleus (see Figure). This nucleus is the only diploid nucleus in the entire life cycle of "N. crassa". The diploid nucleus has 14 chromosomes formed from the two fused haploid nuclei that had 7 chromosomes each. Formation of the diploid nucleus is immediately followed by meiosis. The two sequential divisions of meiosis lead to four haploid nuclei, two of the "A" mating type and two of the "a" mating type. One further mitotic division leads to four "A" and four "a" nucleus in each ascus. Meiosis is an essential part of the

title: Chromosome segregation

text: the chromosomes initially present is now composed of two copies called chromatids. These chromosomes (paired chromatids) then pair with the homologous chromosome (also paired chromatids) present in the same nucleus (see prophase I in the meiosis diagram). The process of alignment of paired homologous chromosomes is called synapsis (see Synapsis). During synapsis, genetic recombination usually occurs. Some of the recombination events occur by crossing over (involving physical exchange between two chromatids), but most recombination events involve information exchange but not physical exchange between two chromatids (see Synthesis-dependent strand annealing (SDSA)). Following recombination, chromosome segregation occurs as indicated by the stages

title: Mitosis

text: In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is preceded by the S stage of interphase (during which the DNA is replicated) and is often accompanied or followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components.  Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other.

title: Chromatid

text: Chromatid A chromatid (Greek "khrōmat-" 'color' + "-id") is one copy of a newly copied chromosome which is still joined to the original chromosome by a single centromere. Before replication, one chromosome is composed of one DNA molecule. Following replication, each chromosome is composed of two DNA molecules; in other words, DNA replication itself increases the amount of DNA but does "not" increase the number of chromosomes. The two identical copies—each forming one half of the replicated chromosome—are called chromatids. During the later stages of cell division these chromatids separate longitudinally to become individual chromosomes. Chromatid pairs are normally genetically

title: Chromosome segregation

text: DNA replication. Thus the two chromatids comprising each chromosome separate into different nuclei, so that each nucleus gets a single set of chromatids (now called chromosomes) and each nucleus becomes included in a haploid gamete (see stages following prophase II in the meiosis diagram). This segregation process is also facilitated by cohesin. Failure of proper segregation during prophase II can also lead to aneuploid gametes. Aneuploid gametes can undergo fertilization to form aneuploid zygotes and hence to serious adverse consequences for progeny. Meiotic chromosomal crossover (CO) recombination facilitates the proper segregation of homologous chromosomes. This is because, at the end

title: Meiosis

text: known as "diplonema", from Greek words meaning "two threads", the synaptonemal complex degrades and homologous chromosomes separate from one another a little. The chromosomes themselves uncoil a bit, allowing some transcription of DNA. However, the homologous chromosomes of each bivalent remain tightly bound at chiasmata, the regions where crossing-over occurred. The chiasmata remain on the chromosomes until they are severed at the transition to anaphase I. In human fetal oogenesis, all developing oocytes develop to this stage and are arrested in prophase I before birth. This suspended state is referred to as the "dictyotene stage" or dictyate. It lasts until

title: Karyogamy

text: Karyogamy Karyogamy is the final step in the process of fusing together two haploid eukaryotic cells, and refers specifically to the fusion of the two nuclei. Before karyogamy, each haploid cell has one complete copy of the organism's genome. In order for karyogamy to occur, the cell membrane and cytoplasm of each cell must fuse with the other in a process known as plasmogamy. Once within the joined cell membrane, the nuclei are referred to as pronuclei. Once the cell membranes, cytoplasm, and pronuclei fuse together, the resulting single cell is diploid, containing two copies of the genome. This diploid

title: Cell nucleus

text: of differentiation from an erythroblast to a reticulocyte, which is the immediate precursor of the mature erythrocyte. The presence of mutagens may induce the release of some immature "micronucleated" erythrocytes into the bloodstream. Anucleated cells can also arise from flawed cell division in which one daughter lacks a nucleus and the other has two nuclei. In flowering plants, this condition occurs in sieve tube elements. Multinucleated cells contain multiple nuclei. Most acantharean species of protozoa and some fungi in mycorrhizae have naturally multinucleated cells. Other examples include the intestinal parasites in the genus "Giardia", which have two nuclei per cell.

title: Nuclear DNA

text: Nuclear DNA Nuclear DNA (nDNA), or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid, is the DNA contained within each cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. Nuclear DNA encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA coding for the rest. Nuclear DNA adheres to Mendelian inheritance, with information coming from two parents, one male and one female, rather than matrilineally (through the mother) as in mitochondrial DNA. Nuclear DNA is a nucleic acid, a polymeric biomolecule or biopolymer, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms. Its structure is a double helix, with two strands wound around each other.

title: Cell fusion

text: occurs with nuclear fusion, but in the absence of nuclear fusion, the cell would be described as a binucleated heterokaryon. A heterokaryon is the melding of two or more cells into one and it may reproduce itself for several generations. If two of the same type of cells fuse, but their nuclei do not fuse, then the resulting cell is called a syncytium. Heterotypic cell fusion occurs between cells of different types, making it the exact opposite of homotypic cell fusion. The result of this fusion is also a synkaryon produced by the merging of the nuclei, and a binucleated

title: Nuclear transfer

text: of the nucleus. Nuclear transfer Nuclear transfer is a form of cloning. The steps involve removing the DNA from an oocyte (unfertilised egg), and injecting the nucleus which contains the DNA to be cloned. In rare instances, the newly constructed cell will divide normally, replicating the new DNA while remaining in a pluripotent state. If the cloned cells are placed in the uterus of a female mammal, a cloned organism develops to term in rare instances. This is how Dolly the Sheep and many other species were cloned. Cows are commonly cloned to select those that have the best milk

title: Cohesin

text: of organelles. At the same time, during S phase all cells must duplicate their DNA very precisely, a process termed DNA replication. Once DNA replication has finished, in eukaryotes the DNA molecule is compacted and condensed, to form the mitotic chromosomes, each one constituted by two sister chromatids, which stay held together by the establishment of cohesion between them; each chromatid is a complete DNA molecule, attached via microtubules to one of the two centrosomes of the dividing cell, located at opposed poles of the cell. To avoid premature sister chromatid separation, the APC/C is maintained in an inactive state

title: Micronucleus

text: Micronucleus Micronucleus is the name given to the small nucleus that forms whenever a chromosome or a fragment of a chromosome is not incorporated into one of the daughter nuclei during cell division. It usually is a sign of genotoxic events and chromosomal instability. Micronuclei are commonly seen in cancerous cells and may indicate genomic damage events that can increase the risk of developmental or degenerative diseases. Micronuclei form during anaphase from lagging acentric chromosome or chromatid fragments caused by incorrectly repaired or unrepaired DNA breaks or by nondisjunction of chromosomes. This incorrect segregation of chromosomes may result from hypomethylation

title: Mitosis


question: who is the originator of the plan-do-check-act model of performance improvement

answers: W. Edwards Deming

title: W. Edwards Deming

text: is a common myth to credit Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) to Deming. Deming referred to the PDCA cycle as a "corruption." Deming worked from the Shewhart cycle and over time eventually developed the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle, which has the idea of deductive and inductive learning built into the learning and improvement cycle. Deming finally published the PDSA cycle in 1993, in "The New Economics" on p. 132. Deming has added to the myth that he taught the Japanese the PDSA cycle with this quote on p. 247, "The PDSA Cycle originated in my teaching in Japan in 1950. It appeared in the

title: Performance improvement

text: Performance improvement Performance improvement is measuring the output of a particular business process or procedure, then modifying the process or procedure to increase the output, increase efficiency, or increase the effectiveness of the process or procedure. Performance improvement can be applied to either individual performance such as an athlete or organizational performance such as a racing team or a commercial business. In organizational development, performance improvement is organizational change in which the managers and governing body of an organization put into place and manage a program which measures the current level of performance of the organization and then generates ideas

title: Performance improvement

text: for modifying organizational behavior and infrastructure which are put into place to achieve higher output. The primary goals of organizational improvement are to increase organizational effectiveness and efficiency to improve the ability of the organization to deliver goods and or services. A third area sometimes targeted for improvement is organizational efficacy, which involves the process of setting organizational goals and objectives. Performance improvement at the operational or individual employee level usually involves processes such as statistical quality control. At the organizational level, performance improvement usually involves softer forms of measurement such as customer satisfaction surveys which are used to obtain

title: Elwood Holton

text: co-editor of Improving Learning Transfer Systems in Organizations (Jossey- Bass, 2003); co-author of Approaches to Training and Development (Perseus Publishing, 2003); co-author of Human Resource Development: Foundations of Theory and Practice (Berrett-Koehler, 2001); co-author of How to Succeed in Your First Job: Tips for New College Graduates, So You Are New Again: How to Succeed When You Change Jobs, and Helping Your New Employee Succeed: Tips for Managers of New College Graduates (Berrett-Koehler, 2001); co-author of The Adult Learner-5th ed. (Gulf Publishing,1998); co-author of Results: How to Assess Performance, Learning, and Perceptions in Organizations (Berrett- Koehler, 1999) that was the

title: PDCA

text: PDCA PDCA (plan–do–check–act or plan–do–check–adjust) is an iterative four-step management method used in business for the control and continuous improvement of processes and products. It is also known as the Deming circle/cycle/wheel, the Shewhart cycle, the control circle/cycle, or plan–do–study–act (PDSA). Another version of this PDCA cycle is OPDCA. The added "O" stands for "observation" or as some versions say: "Observe the current condition." This emphasis on observation and current condition has currency with the literature on lean manufacturing and the Toyota Production System. The PDCA cycle, with Ishikawa’s changes, can be traced back to S. Mizuno of the Tokyo

title: Team service management

text: of customer and finance to four by adding service results and regulatory results; and extends the two enabler domains of people and process to the five by adding technology, knowledge and suppliers. Personal performance and development plans (PDPs) to ensure that individual performance and Improvement are an integral part of the teams performance and improvement. TSM ensures that individual's performance and development plans are linked to the team's balanced scorecard. So individuals are allocated their share of responsibility for achieving the team's result and enabler objectives, and are allocated their share of ownership of the team's Improvement Initiatives. Deming’s Plan–do–check–act

title: Competency-based performance management

text: feedback. The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology has published guidelines for the effective development and implementation of multi-source feedback. The following implementation stages are suggested for mid to large organizations implementing competencies within Performance Management on a corporate-wide basis Competency-based performance management Performance management is about achieving results in a manner that is consistent with organizational expectations. Integrating competencies within the performance management process supports the provision of feedback to employees not only on "what" they have accomplished (i.e., performance goals), but also "how" the work was performed, using competencies for providing feedback. Assessing competencies as a part of

title: Performance management

text: In organizational development (OD), "performance" can be thought of as Actual Results vs Desired Results. Any discrepancy, where Actual is less than Desired, could constitute the performance improvement zone. Performance management and improvement can be thought of as a cycle: A performance problem is any gap between Desired Results and Actual Results. Performance improvement is any effort targeted at closing the gap between Actual Results and Desired Results. Other organizational development definitions are slightly different. The U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) indicates that Performance Management consists of a system or process whereby: Many people equate performance management with performance

title: Performance management

text: integrated approach to increase the effectiveness of companies by improving the performance of the people who work in them and by developing the capabilities of teams and individual contributors." A performance management system is often used by the managers in order to align the goals of the company to the goals of their employees, thereby ensuring productivity. It may be possible to get all employees to reconcile personal goals with organizational goals and increase productivity and profitability of an organization using this process. It can be applied by organizations or a single department or section inside an organization, as well

title: Roger Kaufman

text: apart. The core tenets of his work are reflected in the professional standards for certifying performance technologists, such as the emphasis on system thinking and planning and sound evaluation of outcomes. Over his 40 years of work Kaufman developed what he considers to be his essential work - the Mega Planning model, a framework for adding measurable value to society. In 2014, the International Society for Performance Improvement created an honorary award named the Roger Kaufman Award for Societal Impact honoring the work of individuals or groups who apply this systemic performance assessment and planning process with clear impact on

title: Marcus Peacock

text: of Engineers' projects and for this work, in 2006, was awarded the Army's Outstanding Civilian Service Medal. During his tenure Peacock overhauled EPA's performance management system. This included publishing a quarterly performance report to the public called the EPAStat Quarterly Report, the first 'Stat' program in the federal government. EPAStat copied performance management systems used by local governments, such as "CitiStat" in the City of Baltimore. These improvements led to EPA winning the President's Quality Award for Overall Management, "the highest award given to federal agencies for management excellence," in 2007 and 2008. It is the first time a federal

title: Thomas Gilbert (engineer)

text: his or her environment (P = B × E) and then defining the elements of the ABC model within each of these two domains. He called the resulting model the Performance Engineering Model, and used it to identify opportunities to systematically develop the managerially controllable systems and other factors in the work and school environments which support employee/student performance. These improvements sometimes resulted in dramatic increases in performance. Gilbert developed the behavior and environment registers of the model outlined above with the basic framework of the Skinnerian operant behavioral model. This framework = Discriminative Stimulus --> Response --> Reinforcing or

title: Performance improvement

text: qualitative information about performance from the viewpoint of customers. The United States Coast Guard has published the "Performance Improvement Guide (PIG)", which describes various processes and tools for performance management at the individual and organizational levels. Performance is a measure of the results achieved. Performance efficiency is the ratio between effort expended and results achieved. The difference between current performance and the theoretical performance limit is the performance improvement zone. Another way to think of performance improvement is to see it as improvement in four potential areas. First are the resource input requirements (e.g., reduced working capital, material, replacement or

title: Performance management

text: can be done to draw up a job description. The aim with this analysis is to determine the continuous critical objectives and performance standards for each job. Werner Erhard, Michael C. Jensen, and their colleagues have developed a new approach to improving performance in organizations. Their model stresses how the constraints imposed by one's own worldview can impede cognitive abilities that would otherwise be available. Their work delves into the source of performance, which is not accessible by mere linear cause-and-effect analysis. They assert that the level of performance that people achieve correlates with how work situations occur to them

title: Elwood Holton

text: main selection of the Executive Program Book Club; author of The Ultimate New Employee Survival Guide. (Petersons, 1998); co-editor of the HRD Research Handbook (Berrett-Koehler, 1997); editor of the case book Leading Change in Organizations (ASTD, 1997); and co-editor of Conducting Needs Assessment (ASTD, 1995). He is an author for over 200 publications including academic and professional articles in journals such as Advances in Developing Human Resources, Human Resource Development Quarterly, Human Resource Development International, Performance Improvement Quarterly, Human Resource Management Review, Human Resource Planning, Human Performance, International Journal of Training and Development, Journal of European Industrial Training, Public Personnel

title: Performance management

text: and that language (including what is said and unsaid in conversations) plays a major role in how situations occur to the performer. They assert that substantial gains in performance are more likely to be achieved by management understanding how employees perceive the world and then encouraging and implementing changes that make sense to employees' worldview. Managing employee or system performance and aligning their objectives facilitates the effective delivery of strategic and operational goals. Some proponents argue that there is a clear and immediate correlation between using performance management programs or software and improved business and organizational results. In the public

title: Fred Luthans

text: widely used over the years. Luthans’s initial research applied theories associated with positive reinforcement and behaviorism to improving employee performance. A meta-analysis mainly consisting of studies he and colleagues conducted indicated a strong relationship between his concept of "organizational behavior modification" (O.B.Mod.)and improved employee performance in both manufacturing and service organizations. In the 1980s, Luthans conducted observational, qualitative/mixed method research on what managers do in their day-to-day activities. His research showed the importance of playing the game (e.g., networking, politicking and interacting with outsiders) in order to get ahead in organizations. This research was summarized in the Luthans, Hodgetts &

title: Competency-based performance management

text: within the competency profile for the employee's role/job will necessarily be assessed within the cycle. In this case, the performance plan includes the performance goals/objectives for the review period as well as the complete set of competencies from the competency profile for the employee's role/job. The performance goals/objectives address "what" must be accomplished during the review period, and the competencies measure "how" the employee conducted him/herself to accomplish their work. The advantage of this method is that all competencies defined in the competency profile for the employee's role/job are evaluated. The disadvantage is that due the specific nature of the

title: Performance appraisal

text: within the organization creating a performance management policy. Primarily, management governs performance by influencing employee performance input (e.g. training programs) and by providing feedback via output (i.e. performance assessment and appraisal). "The ultimate objective of a performance management process is to align individual performance with organizational performance". A very common and central process of performance management systems is performance appraisal (PA). The PA process should be able to inform employees about the "organization's goals, priorities, and expectations and how well they are contributing to them". Performance appraisals (PAs) are conducted at least annually, and annual employee performance reviews appear to

title: PDCA

text: PDCA was made popular by W. Edwards Deming, who is considered by many to be the father of modern quality control; however, he always referred to it as the "Shewhart cycle".  Later in Deming's career, he modified PDCA to "Plan, Do, Study, Act" (PDSA) because he felt that "check" emphasized inspection over analysis. The PDSA cycle was used to create the model of know-how transfer process, and other models.

title: Competency-based performance management

text: performance goals/objectives, key competencies for the effective performance during the review cycle, but not included in the competency profile, will not be assessed. In both cases, feedback provided on the employee's competencies typically feeds into the development of a learning or action plan to address gaps in performance and development within or beyond the employee's current role/job. In multi-source, 360-degree and upward feedback, the behavioural indicators for the competencies needed within the target role/job are used as the standard for assessing the performance of the employee. In Multi-source / 360 feedback, different stakeholder groups provide ratings, including the employee, their

title: EFQM excellence model

text: users with a set of performance improvement tools in order for them to achieve and sustain business success. The model is regularly reviewed to incorporate new ideas, concepts and learning. The last revision was published in 2013. The EFQM model is used to obtain a complete view of the organizational performance and to understand the relations of cause and effects between what organisations do and the results they achieve. The model consists of three components: The model is used by about 30000 organisations across Europe. In recent years, more and more countries started implementing the Model, especially across Middle East

title: Health care quality

text: determine if they were up to par. During the first on-site inspections of 692 hospitals, only 13% met the minimum standard. In 1945, Joseph Juran and Edwards Deming established Quality Improvement (QI) as a formal approach to analyzing systematic efforts to improve performance. Specifically, Deming, a philosopher, placed emphasis on the macro level of organizational management and improvement via a systems approach. Juran, on the other hand, strategized quality planning, control, and improvement at the micro level. He encouraged questions, believing they deepened understanding of problems and led to increased effectiveness in planning and taking action. Together, their work influenced

text: education (K-12 and post secondary), non-profit and as independent consultants. With its roots in the 1960s, Human Performance Technology (HPT), sometimes known as Human Performance Improvement (HPI), grew primarily from behavioral psychology and Instructional Systems Design (ISD). Nowadays HPT also draws from many other disciplines such as Human Factors, quality improvement, process improvement, Instructional and Educational Technologies, Organization Development, motivation and reward research, training research to change performance and achieve worthy outcomes. (See ISPI, 2007.) HPT aims to overcome problems and address opportunities for improved outcomes at societal, organizational, process and individual levels. It uses systemic, rigorous analytical processes to

title: Balanced scorecard

text: Scorecard". These articles and the first book spread knowledge of the concept of balanced scorecard widely, and has led to Kaplan and Norton being seen as the creators of the concept. While the "corporate scorecard" terminology was coined by Art Schneiderman, the roots of performance management as an activity run deep in management literature and practice. Management historians such as Alfred Chandler suggest the origins of performance management can be seen in the emergence of the complex organisation – most notably during the 19th Century in the USA. More recent influences may include the pioneering work of General Electric on

title: Competency-based performance management

text: with feedback on "how" they performed their work (i.e., their demonstration of the competencies).competency Performance management programs are set up to provide feedback to employees on how effectively they are performing in their jobs. Such programs normally include a set of goals or objectives the employee must accomplish within the review period as well as the standards or criteria for determining whether the defined goals have been accomplished. Effective performance management include the following features: Integrating competencies in the performance management (PM) process in one of two ways: In this case, the manager and employee identify the key competencies required

title: Human performance technology

text: 2007). It stresses a rigorous analysis of requirements at the societal, organizational process and individual levels as appropriate to identify the causes for performance gaps, provide appropriate interventions to improve and sustain performance, and finally to evaluate the results against the requirements. The field of HPT, also referred to as Performance Improvement, emerged from the fields of educational technology and instructional technology in the 1950s and 1960s. In the post war period, application of the Instructional Systems Design (ISD) model was not consistently returning the desired improvements to organizational performance. This led the emergence of HPT as a separate field

title: Competency-based performance management

text: Competency-based performance management Performance management is about achieving results in a manner that is consistent with organizational expectations. Integrating competencies within the performance management process supports the provision of feedback to employees not only on "what" they have accomplished (i.e., performance goals), but also "how" the work was performed, using competencies for providing feedback. Assessing competencies as a part of performance management is an important means of assisting employees in understanding performance expectations and enhancing competencies. Multi-source feedback, while not an HR application per se, is a method that is often used in performance management to assess and provide employees

title: Marcus Peacock

text: is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration and a senior member of the Institute of Industrial Engineers. Before working at EPA, Mr. Peacock was an Associate Director at the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB). While at OMB, Mr. Peacock created the Performance Assessment Rating Tool, or PART, which was used to rate the effectiveness of federal programs. The PART won Harvard University's Innovations in Government Award in 2005 and the American Society for Public Administration's Leadership Award in 2007. During this time, Mr. Peacock also helped develop a performance-based system for funding U.S. Army Corps

title: Human performance technology

text: quality of HPT practice: Human performance technology Human performance technology (HPT), also known as human performance improvement (HPI), or human performance assessment (HPA), is a field of study related to process improvement methodologies such as lean management, Six Sigma, lean Six Sigma, organization development, motivation, instructional technology, human factors, learning, performance support systems, knowledge management, and training. It is focused on improving performance at the societal, organizational, process, and individual performer levels. HPT "uses a wide range of interventions that are drawn from many other disciplines, including total quality management, process improvement, behavioral psychology, instructional systems design, organizational development, and

title: PDCA


question: where does stevia in the raw come from

answers: South America

answers: the plant species Stevia rebaudiana

title: Stevia

text: Stevia Stevia () is a sweetener and sugar substitute extracted from the leaves of the plant species "Stevia rebaudiana", native to Brazil and Paraguay. The active compounds are steviol glycosides (mainly stevioside and rebaudioside), which have 30 to 150 times the sweetness of sugar, are heat-stable, pH-stable, and not fermentable. The body does not metabolize the glycosides in stevia and therefore it contains 0 calories like some artificial sweeteners. Stevia's taste has a slower onset and longer duration than that of sugar, and some of its extracts may have a bitter or licorice-like aftertaste at high concentrations. The legal status

title: Truvia

text: of court. In 2014, Cargill settled a class-action lawsuit grounded in false and misleading advertising for $6.1 million. On July 4, 2011, the EU's Standing Committee on Food Chain and Animal Health recommended the approval of high purity stevia extracts for use as a food ingredient throughout the EU. Truvia Truvia (also shown as "truvía") is a brand of stevia-based sugar substitute developed jointly by The Coca-Cola Company and Cargill. It is distributed and marketed by Cargill as a tabletop sweetener as well as a food ingredient. Truvia is made of stevia leaf extract, erythritol, and natural flavors. Because it

title: Stevia

text: research. In 2006, research data compiled in the safety evaluation released by the World Health Organization found no adverse effects. In December 2008, the FDA gave a "no objection" approval for GRAS status to Truvia (developed by Cargill and the Coca-Cola Company) and PureVia (developed by PepsiCo and the Whole Earth Sweetener Company, a subsidiary of Merisant), both of which use rebaudioside A derived from the stevia plant. However, the FDA said that these products are not stevia, but a highly purified product. In 2015, the FDA still regarded stevia as "not an approved food additive", and stated that it

title: Stevia

text: "has not been affirmed as GRAS in the United States due to inadequate toxicological information". In June 2016, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection issued an order of detention for stevia products made in China based on information that the products were made using prison labor. As of 2017, high-purity stevia glycosides are considered safe and allowable as ingredients in food products sold in the United States. In the early 1970s, sweeteners such as cyclamate and saccharin were gradually decreased or removed from a variant formulation of Coca-Cola. Consequently, use of stevia as an alternative began in Japan, with the

title: Stevia rebaudiana

text: glycoside were published in 1955. "Stevia rebaudiana" plants which are found in the wild in semiarid habitats ranging from grassland to mountain terrain, do produce seeds, but only a small percentage of the seeds germinate. Planting cloned stevia is a more effective method of reproduction. "Stevia rebaudiana" has been grown on an experimental basis in Ontario, Canada since 1987 to determine the feasibility of commercial cultivation. Duke University researchers developed a strategic plan to assist farmers and exporters in Paraguay to compete in the global market for stevia. "Stevia rebaudiana" is cultivated and used to sweeten food in Asia including

title: Sugar substitute

text: rebaudioside A and erythritol (developed by Cargill and The Coca-Cola Company), as well as PureVia (developed by PepsiCo and the Whole Earth Sweetener Company, a subsidiary of Merisant), both of which use rebaudioside A derived from the stevia plant. In Australia, the brand Vitarium uses Natvia, a natural stevia sweetener, in a range of sugar-free children's milk mixes. The world's most commonly used artificial sweetener, sucralose is a chlorinated sugar that is about 600 times as sweet as sugar. It is produced from sucrose when three chlorine atoms replace three hydroxyl groups. It is used in beverages, frozen desserts, chewing

title: Stevia World

text: Locals quote it was initially used by their ancestors more than a millennium ago, both for its intense sweet taste and medicinal qualities. Consisting of more than 100 essential nutrients that have been discovered, the leaves can be 30 times sweeter than normal sugar, depending upon the type, geographic location and period of harvest. The type correlates to the amount and blend of glycosides within each stevia unit. "stevia as substitute to sugar"january 19,2016" [stevia as substitute to sugar.] "Stevia World Featured On Suvarna News" Published on 1 December 2015 [Stevia World Featured On Suvarna News.] "Stevia World Featured on

title: Truvia

text: Truvia Truvia (also shown as "truvía") is a brand of stevia-based sugar substitute developed jointly by The Coca-Cola Company and Cargill. It is distributed and marketed by Cargill as a tabletop sweetener as well as a food ingredient. Truvia is made of stevia leaf extract, erythritol, and natural flavors. Because it comes from the stevia plant, Cargill classifies Truvia as a natural sweetener in addition to being a non-nutritive sweetener, although Cargill has settled lawsuits alleging deceptive marketing of Truvia as "natural". Since its launch in 2008, Truvia natural sweetener has become the second best-selling sugar substitute in units in

title: Stevia

text: stevia plants are dried and subjected to a water extraction process. This crude extract contains about 50% rebaudioside A. The various glycosides are separated and purified via crystallization techniques, typically using ethanol or methanol as solvent. Stevia extracts and derivatives are produced industrially and marketed under different trade names. Glycosides are molecules that contain glucose residues bound to other non-sugar substances called aglycones (molecules with other sugars are polysaccharides). Preliminary experiments deduce that the tongue's taste receptors react to the glycosides and transduce the sweet taste sensation and the lingering bitter aftertaste by direct activation of sweet and bitter receptors.

title: Stevia

text: its sweet taste. During the 1990s, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) received two petitions requesting that stevia be classified as generally recognized as safe (GRAS), but the FDA "disagreed with [the] conclusions [detailed in the petitions]". Stevia remained banned for all uses until the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, after which the FDA revised its stance and permitted stevia to be used as a dietary supplement, although still not as a food additive. In 1999, prompted by early studies, the European Commission banned stevia's use in food products within the European Union pending further

title: Stevia

text: replacements for sugar might benefit people with diabetes, children, and those wishing to lower their intake of calories. Although both steviol and rebaudioside A have been found to be mutagenic in laboratory "in vitro" testing, these effects have not been demonstrated for the doses and routes of administration to which humans are exposed. Two 2010 review studies found no health concerns with stevia or its sweetening extracts. The WHO's Joint Experts Committee on Food Additives has approved, based on long-term studies, an acceptable daily intake of steviol glycoside of up to 4 mg/kg of body weight. In 2010, The European

title: PureVia

text: PureVia PureVia is a stevia-based low calorie sugar substitute developed jointly by Pepsico and Whole Earth Sweetener Company which is a wholly owned subsidiary of artificial sweetener manufacturing company Merisant. It is currently distributed and marketed by Whole Earth Sweetener Company as a tabletop sweetener and as a food ingredient. PureVia competes against Coca-Cola and Cargill's jointly developed Truvia brand of stevia-extract sweetener and Cumberland Packing Corporation's 'Stevia in the Raw' stevia-extract sweetener. PureVia is a blend of several different ingredients. It contains dextrose, cellulose powder, natural flavors as well as the stevia extract rebaudioside A. The Food and Drug

title: Food

text: the calories. Other types of sugar include raw sugar, which is known for its amber color, as it is unprocessed. As sugar is vital for energy and survival, the taste of sugar is pleasant. The stevia plant contains a compound known as steviol which, when extracted, has 300 times the sweetness of sugar while having minimal impact on blood sugar. Sourness is caused by the taste of acids, such as vinegar in alcoholic beverages. Sour foods include citrus, specifically lemons, limes, and to a lesser degree oranges. Sour is evolutionarily significant as it is a sign for a food that

title: Stevia

text: Food Safety Authority established an acceptable daily intake of 4 mg/kg/day of steviol, in the form of steviol glycosides. Meanwhile, the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center warns that "steviol at high dosages may have weak mutagenic activity," and a review "conducted for" the Center for Science in the Public Interest notes that there are no published carcinogenicity results for rebaudioside A (or stevioside). The plant may be grown legally in most countries, although some countries restrict its use as a sweetener. The legally allowed uses and maximum dosage of the extracts and derived products vary widely from country to country.

title: Stevia

text: aqueous extract of the leaves yielding purified steviosides developed as sweeteners. The first commercial stevia sweetener in Japan was produced by the Japanese firm Morita Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. in 1971. The Japanese have been using stevia in food products and soft drinks, (including Coca Cola), and for table use. In 2006, Japan consumed more stevia than any other country, with stevia accounting for 40% of the sweetener market. In the mid-1980s, stevia became popular in U.S. natural foods and health food industries, as a noncaloric natural sweetener for teas and weight-loss blends. The makers of the synthetic sweetener NutraSweet

title: Stevia

text: (at the time Monsanto) asked the FDA to require testing of the herb. In 2007, the Coca-Cola Company announced plans to obtain approval for its stevia-derived sweetener, Rebiana, for use as a food additive within the United States by 2009, as well as plans to market Rebiana-sweetened products in 12 countries that allow stevia's use as a food additive. In May 2008, Coca Cola and Cargill announced the availability of Truvia, a consumer brand stevia sweetener containing erythritol and Rebiana, which the FDA permitted as a food additive in December 2008. Coca-Cola announced intentions to release stevia-sweetened beverages in late

title: Stevia

text: According to basic research, steviol glycosides and steviol interact with a protein channel called TRPM5, potentiating the signal from the sweet or bitter receptors, amplifying the taste of other sweet, bitter and umami tastants. The synergetic effect of the glycosides on the sweet receptor and TRPM5 explains the sweetness sensation. Some steviol glycosides (rebaudioside A) are perceived sweeter than others (stevioside). Steviol cannot be further digested in the digestive tract and is taken up into the bloodstream, metabolised by the liver to steviol glucuronide, and excreted in the urine. A 2011 review found that the use of stevia sweeteners as

title: Raw chocolate

text: Raw chocolate Raw chocolate is chocolate which is produced in a raw or minimally-processed form. It is made from unroasted (sun-dried) cacao beans and cold pressed cacao butter. A variety of crystalline and liquid sweeteners may be used, including: coconut sugar, coconut nectar, xylitol, agave nectar, maple syrup, and stevia. Cane sugar and other highly processed sugars are not used. Dairy products are not added to raw chocolate, therefore it is usually vegan. Soy is also usually avoided – soy lecithin is often used in processed chocolate. It is also naturally gluten-free.It represents a fast-growing segment of the chocolate industry.

title: Truvia

text: the U.S. behind Splenda, surpassing Equal and Sweet'n Low. Truvia competes with Stevia In The Raw, the #2 brand of stevia, owned by Cumberland Packaging who also makes Sweet 'n Low. Truvia tabletop sweetener is marketed to consumers as a packet sweetener for food and beverages. This makes it a direct competitor to existing packet sweeteners Splenda (sucralose), Equal (aspartame), Sweet'n Low (saccharin), and table sugar. It is available in the United States in 40-ct, 80-ct, 140-ct, and 240-ct single-serve packages. It is also available in the U.S. in a 9.8 oz "spoonable" container that is the equivalent of an

title: Stevia

text: Stevia (/ˈstiːviə, ˈstɛviə/) is a sweetener and sugar substitute extracted from the leaves of the plant species Stevia rebaudiana.

title: PureVia

text: Administration (FDA) determined in December 2008 that rebaudioside A is safe for inclusion as a food additive. PureVia is used as a sweetener in SoBe Lifewater which is manufactured by PepsiCo. It is also used in Trop50 and Gatorade G2. PureVia PureVia is a stevia-based low calorie sugar substitute developed jointly by Pepsico and Whole Earth Sweetener Company which is a wholly owned subsidiary of artificial sweetener manufacturing company Merisant. It is currently distributed and marketed by Whole Earth Sweetener Company as a tabletop sweetener and as a food ingredient. PureVia competes against Coca-Cola and Cargill's jointly developed Truvia brand

title: Truvia

text: with many types of sugars and carbohydrates. There are just some people who may have a limit to how much they can consume without having mild, brief symptoms. Cargill, the manufacturer of Truvia, has had litigation brought against it in two separate class-action lawsuits in 2013. The suits claimed that Cargill was deceptive in its marketing of Truvia as a "natural" sweetener, with the suit stating that stevia leaf extract and erythritol are "highly processed". While the FDA has been generally ambiguous about its opinion of the use of "natural" as a qualifier for food, Cargill decided to settle out

title: Stevia

text: December 2008. From 2013 onwards, Coca-Cola Life, containing stevia as a sweetener, was launched in various countries around the world. Shortly afterward, PepsiCo and Pure Circle announced PureVia, their brand of stevia-based sweetener, but withheld release of beverages sweetened with rebaudioside A until receipt of FDA confirmation. Since the FDA permitted Truvia and PureVia, both Coca Cola and PepsiCo have introduced products that contain their new sweeteners. As of 2006, China was the world's largest exporter of stevioside products. Rebaudioside A has the least bitterness of all the steviol glycosides in the "Stevia rebaudiana" plant. To produce rebaudioside A commercially,

title: Steviol glycoside

text: more recent evaluation found rebaudoside A to be about 240 times sweeter, and stevioside about 140 times. Rebaudioside A also had the least bitterness and aftertaste. The relative sweetness seems to vary with concentration: a mix of steviol glycosides in the natural proportions was found to be 150 times sweeter than sucrose when matching a 3% sucrose solution, but only 100 times sweeter when matching a 10% sucrose solution. In "Stevia rebaudiana", the biosynthesis of the glucosides occurs only in green tissues. Steviol is first produced in the plastids and in the endoplasmic reticulum is glucosylated and glycosylated in the

title: Truvia

text: 80-ct box. One packet of Truvia natural sweetener provides the same sweetness as two teaspoons of sugar. Truvia also makes a 75% reduced calorie sugar blend with stevia sweetener in both Cane Sugar and Brown Sugar varieties. Truvia ingredients include erythritol (a sugar alcohol), stevia leaf extract, and natural flavorings. In addition to the Truvia tabletop sweetener, Truvia is used as a food ingredient. The Truvia web site lists products that use Truvia as a sweetener, including flavors of vitamin water, Sprite Green, All Sport Naturally Zero, Blue Sky Free, Crystal Light Pure, Zevia soda, and some varieties of Odwalla

title: Steviol glycoside

text: Steviol glycoside Steviol glycosides are the chemical compounds responsible for the sweet taste of the leaves of the South American plant "Stevia rebaudiana" (Asteraceae) and the main ingredients (or precursors) of many sweeteners marketed under the generic name stevia and several trade names. They also occur in the related species "Stevia phlebophylla" (but in no other species of "Stevia") and in the plant "Rubus chingii" (Rosaceae). Steviol glycosides from "Stevia rebaudiana" have been reported to be between 30 and 320 times sweeter than sucrose, although there is some disagreement in the technical literature about these numbers. They are heat-stable, pH-stable,

title: Stevia rebaudiana

text: China (since 1984), Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia. It can also be found in Greece, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Israel. Stevia rebaudiana Stevia rebaudiana is a plant species in the genus "Stevia" of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), commonly known as candyleaf, sweetleaf, sweet leaf, or sugarleaf. Stevia is a tender perennial native to parts of Brazil and Paraguay that favors humid, wet environments, although the root does not tolerate standing water. Stevia is widely grown for its sweet leaves, which are the source of sweetener products known generically as stevia and sold

title: Stevia rebaudiana

text: leaves can be eaten fresh or put in teas and foods. "S. rebaudiana" has been used for more than 1500 years by the Guaraní people of Brazil and Paraguay, who called it "ka'a he'ê" ("sweet herb"), to sweeten the local yerba mate tea, as medicine, and as a "sweet treat". In 1899, botanist Moisés Santiago Bertoni first described the plant as growing in eastern Paraguay, and observed its sweet taste. In 1931, chemists M. Bridel and R. Lavielle isolated the glycosides stevioside and rebaudioside that give the leaves their sweet taste. The exact structure of the aglycone steviol and its

title: Stevia

text: called it "ka'a he'ê" ("sweet herb"). The leaves have been used traditionally for hundreds of years in both Brazil and Paraguay to sweeten local teas and medicines, and as a "sweet treat". The genus was named for Spanish botanist and physician Petrus Jacobus Stevus (Pedro Jaime Esteve 1500–1556), a professor of botany at the University of Valencia. In 1899, Swiss botanist Moisés Santiago Bertoni, while conducting research in eastern Paraguay, first described the plant and the sweet taste in detail. Only limited research was conducted on the topic until in 1931 two French chemists isolated the glycosides that give stevia

title: Sugar substitute

text: the daily limits for consuming high-intensity sweeteners, a measure called "Acceptable Daily Intake" (ADI). During their premarket review for all of the high-intensity sweeteners approved as food additives, FDA established an ADI defined as an amount in milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day (mg/kg bw/d), indicating that a high-intensity sweetener does not cause safety concerns if estimated daily intakes are lower than the ADI. FDA states: "An ADI is the amount of a substance that is considered safe to consume each day over the course of a person’s lifetime." For stevia (specifically, steviol glycosides), an ADI was not

title: Stevia


question: who said have you no sense of decency

answers: Joseph Nye Welch

title: Frank Kelly

text: time. That terrifies me. People with no sense or a very limited sense of humour I am very wary of too, because it's not a sign of great intelligence to be without a sense of humour. If you've no sense of irony you haven't a great decision making capacity because you must see the possibilities of the downside of any decision. Without perspective you can't have any wisdom, so it frightens me when I meet captains of industry or whatever who have virtually no sense of humour. That's the kind of person I find dismaying. From 1999 to 2001, Kelly

title: Army–McCarthy hearings

text: not drop this? We know he belonged to the Lawyer's Guild ... Let us not assassinate this lad further, Senator; you've done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir? At long last, have you left no sense of decency? Welch excluded himself from the remainder of the hearings with a parting shot to McCarthy: "Mr. McCarthy, I will not discuss this further with you... You have seen fit to bring [the Fisher/NLG affair] out, and if there is a God in heaven, it will do neither you nor your cause any good! I will not discuss it further... You,

title: Document (album)

text: further, Senator ... You've done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency?" "Strange" was originally recorded by post-punk band Wire on their debut album "Pink Flag". R.E.M.'s version of this song has slightly-altered lyrics—where the line "Joey's nervous" was changed to "Michael's nervous" in the first verse—and has a considerably faster tempo. R.E.M. expanded their instrumentation somewhat on the album, adding a dulcimer to "King of Birds" and a saxophone to "Fireplace". Steve Berlin was brought in to add his saxophone skills because of a prior relationship with producer

title: James D. St. Clair

text: At long last, have you left no sense of decency?" In 1955, St. Clair assisted with the defense of Wendell H. Furry, a Harvard physics professor who was charged with Contempt of Congress for refusing to testify before McCarthy and the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. In 1961, he was hired by Massachusetts Governor John A. Volpe to prepare removal proceedings against Boston police commissioner Leo J. Sullivan. The following year he handled the removal proceedings against state waterways director Rodolphe G. Bessette following Bessette's indictment for perjury and conspiracy. In 1967 he defended Frederick Wiseman when the Massachusetts government

title: Point of Order (film)

text: hearings: Welch asks McCarthy, "Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency?" The film ends with a heated exchange between Symington and McCarthy that occurred when the hearings were about to adjourn for the day. Symington sharply questions the handling of McCarthy's secret files by his staff. McCarthy calls this a "smear" against the men on his staff; and, as Symington starts to leave, McCarthy accuses him of using "the same tactics that the Communist Party has used for too long." Symington returns to the microphone and says: "Apparently every time

title: Park51

text: ... Decency is; right and wrong is ... [M]any believe that their "rights" supersede all other considerations, like what is respectful, considerate, and decent. A mosque ... steps from Ground Zero in a building damaged in the attacks is ... astoundingly insensitive". C. Lee Hanson, whose son, daughter-in-law, and baby granddaughter were killed, felt that building a tribute to Islam so close to the World Trade Center site would be insensitive: "The pain never goes away. When I look over there and I see a mosque, it's going to hurt. Build it someplace else." Rosemary Cain, whose son was killed,

title: National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley

text: these factors, the NEA has wide discretion in considering this provision. Also, the Court stated that Finley carried the burden of demonstrating that there is a substantial risk that the application of the decency clause will lead to the suppression of speech. However, the Court found that the provision on its face was very clear in that the decency and respect provision is only a consideration; it is not a provision that compels the Chairperson to require decency and respect in every application. Because the very nature of the subject matter is open to different interpretations, the Court determined that

title: Charles Rodrigues

text: a wide outlet for his sense of humor. Art director Michael Gross had this to say about him: Y'know when I mentioned before that Liberals have no sense of humor? Actually, the only people who have less are the religious Right. Now, look at Charles Rodrigues. Almost nobody is as tasteless as Rodrigues can be. The man would deliver stuff that we would just cringe at. His first piece was the atrocious - and hilarious - "Hire the Handicapped"... In later years, I found out that he's a conservative, fairly religious, Portuguese artist who really thought we were awful people.

title: De (Chinese)

text: of emptiness. When it has no commerce with things, this is the height of limpidity. When it rebels against nothing, this is the height of purity. (15, tr. Watson 1968:168-9) The Yellow Emperor said, "Do-Nothing-Say‑Nothing — he's the one who is truly right. Wild-and-Witless appears to be so. But you and I in the end are nowhere near it. Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know. Therefore the sage practices the teaching that has no words. The Way cannot be brought to light; its virtue cannot be forced to come. But benevolence — you can

title: Public Honesty (Decency)

text: if the marriage be invalid, unless the invalidity be due to lack of lawful consent. In cases where the marriage is consummated, public decency gives way to affinity. Public Honesty (Decency) Public Honesty (Decency) is a diriment impediment to marriage, a prohibition that prevents a marriage bond from being formed. It arises from a valid betrothal between the male party to the contract and the blood relatives of the woman in the first degree (mother, daughter, sister), and conversely between the woman and the blood relatives of the man in the same degree (father, son, brother). Once existing, the impediment

title: Public Honesty (Decency)

text: Public Honesty (Decency) Public Honesty (Decency) is a diriment impediment to marriage, a prohibition that prevents a marriage bond from being formed. It arises from a valid betrothal between the male party to the contract and the blood relatives of the woman in the first degree (mother, daughter, sister), and conversely between the woman and the blood relatives of the man in the same degree (father, son, brother). Once existing, the impediment always remains, even though the betrothal is lawfully broken. Second, this impediment, for a stronger reason, arises from a marriage contract, where the marriage was not consummated, even

title: Joseph McCarthy

text: the National Lawyers Guild, a progressive lawyers association. In an impassioned defense of Fisher, Welch responded, "Until this moment, Senator, I think I never really gauged your cruelty or your recklessness ..." When McCarthy resumed his attack, Welch interrupted him: "Let us not assassinate this lad further, Senator. You've done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency?" When McCarthy once again persisted, Welch cut him off and demanded the chairman "call the next witness". At that point, the gallery erupted in applause and a recess was called. Even before

title: Matthew Parris

text: 4's "Great Lives" biography series, and has appeared on the comedy news programme "Have I Got News for You" and presented "After Dark". In 2007, Parris presented two light-hearted but caustic documentaries for Radio 4 on politicians' use of cliché and jargon, entitled "Not My Words, Mr Speaker". On 8 July 2011, on Radio 4's "Any Questions", at the height of the furore surrounding the alleged illegal and corrupt activities of "News of the World" journalists, Parris eulogised the newspaper and gave an enthusiastic appreciation of what he considered the virtues and positive achievements of Rupert Murdoch. In December 2017

title: Adrian Sanders

text: against the four Conservative members to support the report which said in part that Rupert Murdoch was "'not fit' to run an international company". In March 2015, Queen guitarist Brian May launched the "Common Decency" campaign, naming Sanders alongside six other candidates, saying: "We think you’re decent people, we think you represent your constituents and your conscience so we’re going to tell our people to try and cluster round and give you support." In the 2015 general election, Sanders lost his seat to the Conservative Party candidate Kevin Foster by a majority of 3,286. On 5 November 2015, Sanders was

title: Affairs of a Gentleman

text: of Decency. Affairs of a Gentleman Affairs of a Gentleman is a 1934 American Pre-Code drama film directed by Edwin L. Marin and written by Cyril Hume, Peter Ruric and Milton Krims. The film stars Paul Lukas, Leila Hyams, Patricia Ellis, Phillip Reed, Onslow Stevens and Dorothy Burgess. The film was released on May 1, 1934, by Universal Pictures. The gentleman of the title is Victor Gresham, a popular novelist. He has loved many women, and has been loved back by many of them. Several of these ladies have left the domestic security provided by their husbands in order to

title: Colin Watson (writer)

text: emerges from a process of polite, measured enquiry. Purbright's decency is at the heart of Watson's thesis: that civilised life depends on basic tolerance, decency and the honesty of its guardians. His commitment to total impartiality, his refusal to be deflected by special interests and social position and his scrupulous refusal to cut procedural corners all go to make up a quintessentially English hero. Miss Lucilla Edith Cavell Teatime is a ladylike conwoman whose occasional lapses into verbal vulgarity make her all the more endearing. She has a liking for whisky, a game of dominoes and all things tasteful. She

title: Clemence Dane

text: Dane, both of Coward. One is an oil painting and the other is a bronze bust. The gallery also contains a painting made of Dane by Frederic Yates. According to Arthur Marshall she was famous for her indecent, though entirely innocent, remarks. "The physical side of life had passed her by, together with the words, slang and otherwise, that accompany it. Time and again she settled for an unfortunate word or phrase. Inviting Noël Coward to lunch during the war, when food was difficult, she boomed encouragement down the telephone; 'Do come! I've got such a lovely cock.' ('I do

title: No Sense of Sin

text: No Sense of Sin No Sense of Sin is the debut studio album of English band The Lotus Eaters. It was released in 1984 by record label Arista. It contains their popular single, "The First Picture of You", released the previous year. "No Sense of Sin" reached number 96 in the UK Albums Chart. The album was re-issued in 2001 by Vinyl Japan and again in 2010 by Cherry Red Records. Michael Sutton, writing for "Trouser Press", called it "one of the most underrated albums of the '80s" and "a truly special record". The same reviewer also called it "a

title: Three Cups of Deceit

text: magazine's online version as a response to Krakauer's book. Darsney questioned the accuracy and fairness of both the Krakauer piece and the "60 Minutes" report. Darsney had been interviewed by Krakauer for "Three Cups of Deceit", and maintains that Krakauer either misquoted or misunderstood what he said. As a response to Krakauer's allegations, CAI produced a comprehensive list of projects completed over a period of years and projects CAI is currently working on. The list was released in December, 2011. Three Cups of Deceit Three Cups of Deceit: How Greg Mortenson, Humanitarian Hero, Lost His Way is a 2011 e-book

title: Joseph N. Welch

text: Joseph Nye Welch (October 22, 1890 – October 6, 1960) was an American lawyer who served as the chief counsel for the United States Army while it was under investigation for Communist activities by Senator Joseph McCarthy's Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, an investigation known as the Army–McCarthy hearings.  His confrontation with McCarthy during the hearings, in which he famously asked McCarthy "At long last, have you left no sense of decency?" is seen as a turning point in the history of McCarthyism.

title: Mary Tillotson

text: Phillips interviewed Mr. Bush at the White House and also asked about the Post story. Bush again refused to answer, explaining, "... you're perpetuating the sleaze by even asking the question, to say nothing of asking it in the Oval Office, and I don't think you ought to do that, and I'm not going to answer the question," The Times reported. An NBC camera crew who recorded the interview said Phillips had apologized to the president off-camera. Phillips explained to Bush that he had asked the question because bosses at NBC had ordered him to, according to the NBC crew.

title: Vincent Twomey

text: to "The Irish Times", Twomey wrote: Since I am on record as calling for the resignation of the bishops mentioned in the Murphy report (December 3, 2009), I should have expressly excluded Dr Martin Drennan." Twomey said that sectors of society have shown little decency or virtue over the last 20 years. Speaking about the criticism aimed at the church following the Murphy and Ryan reports, Twomey said the extent to which the church was responsible for this was a shame, but that such behaviour was a sign of our cowardice and lack of moral courage". He said moral theology

title: Summary of Decameron tales

text: which modern readers with their ideas of gender equality can appreciate. Fresco admonishes his niece not to look at herself in the glass, if it is, as she says, grievous to her to see nasty folk. Emilia narrates. Admonitions against the sin of vanity were common in the medieval era. Guido Cavalcanti by a quip neatly rebukes certain Florentine gentlemen who had taken him at a disadvantage. Elissa narrates. Friar Cipolla (Italian word meaning: "onion") promises to show certain country-folk a feather of the Angel Gabriel, in lieu of which he finds coals, which he avers to be of those

title: Sense and Senility

text: Sense and Senility "Sense and Senility" is the fourth episode of the third series of the BBC sitcom "Blackadder". It aired on 8 October 1987. Blackadder is ruefully preparing to attend the theatre with Prince George, who Blackadder says has no grasp of the concept of fiction; for example, at a performance of "Julius Caesar", the Prince shouted, "Look behind you, Mr. Caesar!" during the assassination scene. At the play, an anarchist (played by Ben Elton) makes an attempt on George's life. The Prince is shocked by Blackadder's revelation that he is unpopular and ignorant of the living conditions of

title: A Woman of Affairs

text: more immoral word than "decency", I'll gladly send an eighty-five cent Paramount ticket, to be used at your own risk. Outside of its purification, the movie is a good dramatization of the novel and for the first time I respected the performance of Greta Garbo. She shuffled through the long, melancholy and sometimes beautiful scenes with more grace and sincerity than I have ever before observed, and the fact that she rode down and practically eliminated John Gilbert's goggling is in itself grounds for recommendation. Another indifferent performer, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., suddenly snapped to life under the guidance of Director

title: Circle of Deceit

text: the flexibility of "Northern Exposure" star Turner, who was also one of the movie's producers. Circle of Deceit Circle of Deceit is a 1998 ABC-TV movie starring Janine Turner, Esai Morales and Joanna Cassidy. Having walked out on her cheating husband Jeff (Morales), Terry Silva (Turner) moves in with her best friend Donna Avedon (Tracy Griffith). This set-up proves most untenable when Terry finds out that Donna is Jeff's longtime mistress. Vowing to get revenge on both Jeff and Donna, Terry fakes her own death — intending to frame her husband and her faithless friend for murder. Yet another variation

title: Rodney Dangerfield

text: the other day and ordered a drink. The bartender says, ‘I can’t serve you.’ I said, ‘Why not? I'm over 21!’ He said, ‘You’re just too ugly.’ I said as always, ‘Boy I tell you, I get no respect around here’.” The “no respect” phrase would come to define his act in the years that followed. In 1969, Rodney Dangerfield teamed up with longtime friend Anthony Bevacqua to build the Dangerfield's comedy club in New York City, a venue he could now perform in on a regular basis without having to constantly travel. The club became a huge success, and

title: Samantha Power

text: stooping to anything... if you are poor and she is telling you some story about how Obama is going to take your job away, maybe it will be more effective. The amount of deceit she has put forward is really unattractive. Power apologized for the remarks on the night of the March 6 interview, saying that they "do not reflect my feelings about Sen. Clinton, whose leadership and public service I have long admired", and telling Irish TV reporter Michael Fisher: "Of course I regret them. I can't even believe they came out of my mouth...in every public appearance I've

title: No Sense of Sin

text: gorgeously crafted collection of melancholic guitar pop" writing for AllMusic. No Sense of Sin No Sense of Sin is the debut studio album of English band The Lotus Eaters. It was released in 1984 by record label Arista. It contains their popular single, "The First Picture of You", released the previous year. "No Sense of Sin" reached number 96 in the UK Albums Chart. The album was re-issued in 2001 by Vinyl Japan and again in 2010 by Cherry Red Records. Michael Sutton, writing for "Trouser Press", called it "one of the most underrated albums of the '80s" and "a

title: Meet the Ukippers

text: certain faith, they have usually got noses that have got a bit of a curve to them, married women - if they are orthodox Jews - wear wigs," and "there is absolutely no way I am a racist". Duncan further tried to deflect accusations of racism by saying that she felt "ok" when on a holiday in the Caribbean, where many African-Caribbean people live. Addressing the issue on the 22 February edition of BBC Radio 4's "Broadcasting House", Nigel Farage said that the party had been right to expel her: "Clearly she doesn't have any understanding of the deep offence

title: Joseph N. Welch


question: who sings the skye boat song on outlander

answers: Bear McCreary

answers: Raya Yarbrough

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: The Skye Boat Song "The Skye Boat Song" is a modern Scottish song which has entered into the folk canon in recent times. It can be played as a waltz, recalling the escape of Prince Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Charlie) from Uist to the Isle of Skye after his defeat at the Battle of Culloden in 1746. The text of the song gives an account of how Bonnie Prince Charlie, disguised as a serving maid, escaped in a small boat after the defeat of his Jacobite rising of 1745, with the aid of Flora MacDonald. The song draws on

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: Both versions were in the Australian hit parade in 1966. Esther & Abi Ofarim recorded the song in 1966 under the title "Bonnie Boat". Calum Kennedy included a version on "Songs of Scotland and Ireland" (Beltona 1971). Rod Stewart recorded two versions of the song with The Atlantic Crossing Drum & Pipe Band during the sessions for "Atlantic Crossing", between 1974 and 1975. They were given an official release on the deluxe re-release of the album in 2009. This song can be heard at the beginning of "Who Stole the Bagpipes," the second episode in season one of the early

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: though it is in most miscellanies like "The Fireside Book of Folk Songs." It is often sung as a lullaby, in a slow rocking 6/8 time. It was extremely popular in its day, and from its first recording by Tom Bryce on April 29, 1899, became a standard among Scottish folk and dance musicians. It was even more widely known from the 1960s onwards and has remained popular in mainstream music genres. It was performed to great acclaim and recorded by artist and social activist Paul Robeson in 1959 and 1960. Tom Jones recorded a version, which was arranged by

title: Karen Matheson

text: Karen Matheson Karen Matheson OBE (born 11 February 1963) is a Scottish folk singer who frequently sings in Gaelic. She is the lead singer of the group Capercaillie and was a member of Dan Ar Braz's group L'Héritage des Celtes, with whom she often sang lead vocals, either alone or with Elaine Morgan. She and Morgan sang together on the Breton language song "Diwanit Bugale", the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996. She made a cameo appearance in the 1995 movie "Rob Roy" singing the song "Ailein duinn". She grew up in the small village of Taynuilt in

title: Anna Arnott

text: on Tobar and Dualchais. The song "Seallaibh Curaigh Eoghainn (Look At Ewen's Coracle)" was included on a compilation of music from the Western Isles. She was a housewife, crofter and also had a shop in Linicro. She lived in Glasgow for many years, eventually returning to Skye. Anna Arnott Anna "Annie" Arnott (née Mackenzie) (1887-1978) was a Scottish singer who sang in Scottish Gaelic in the puirt à beul style. Arnott was born and raised in Linicro, near Uig on the Isle of Skye in Scotland. She learned many songs from her mother who was descended from the MacDonald bards.

title: Rachel Walker (singer)

text: studied Gaelic song under the tutelage of the renowned Gaelic singer Kenna Campbell. She is married to skipinnish piper Andrew Stevenson and has two children. Rachel Walker (singer) Rachel Walker (born 1976) is an English-born singer of Gaelic folk music, having performed and recorded as a solo artist as well as in bands, such as Skipinnish. Born in Salisbury, she moved to Wester Ross at age eight, and attended Kinlochewe Primary School and Gairloch High School, learning Gaelic song and traditional music. On leaving school Walker completed a course in classical music at Napier University and in 1996, she was

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: "Songs of the North" by Boulton and MacLeod, London, 1884, a book that went into at least fourteen editions. In later editions MacLeod's name was dropped and the ascription "Old Highland rowing measure arranged by Malcolm Lawson" was substituted. It was quickly taken up by other compilers, such as Laura Alexandrine Smith's "Music of the Waters" (published 1888). Lawson was the elder brother of artist Cecil Gordon Lawson. According to Andrew Kuntz, a collector of folk music lore, MacLeod was on a trip to the isle of Skye and was being rowed over Loch Coruisk (', the "Cauldron of Waters")

title: Christine Primrose

text: in the course Gaelic and Traditional Music (BA) and in short courses. Christine Primrose Christine Primrose (born 17 February 1950) is a Gaelic singer and music teacher. She was born in Carloway, Lewis, but she currently lives on the Isle of Skye. In interviews Primrose has stated that she has been singing since she was a small child, which is very typical in her family. She won a gold medal in sean-nós at the Royal National Mòd in 1974 and an award at the 1978 Pan Celtic Festival, and, as was not common at the time, she took a degree

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: Shadows". Singer Tori Amos covered the song as part of a song trilogy entitled "Etienne Trilogy" on her debut album "Y Kant Tori Read" (1988). Scottish singer, Barbara Dickson, recorded this song in 2006. James Galway and The Chieftains recorded an instrumental version (which was used as background music for a Johnnie Walker commercial) in February 1990 at Studios 301, Sydney, Australia, released on the album "Over the Sea to Skye - The Celtic Connection". There is also a version on The Corries "In Concert / Scottish Love Songs" album (Track 19). Stellan Skarsgård's character plays this song on the

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: Minchinton, at Royaumont in France. The recently published volume of Tippett’s "Selected Letters", edited by Thomas Schuttenhelm, includes a progress report on the "Four Songs" to the composer’s German publisher, dated 28 July 1957, in which he says that he proposes to replace "Over the Sea to Skye" because it is “too strictly held by a publisher here”. It was only rediscovered after Tippett’s death in the offices of his London publishers Schott’s; it was published at the end of 2002, and first performed the following July in Dublin. Marc Gunn recorded this song for the 2013 album "Scottish Songs

title: Ishbel MacAskill

text: Breton Island. In 1999 she featured as a guest artist on Transatlantic Sessions 2. In 2003 she represented Scotland at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival in Washington, D.C. and appeared at the World Festival of Island Cultures in South Korea. In May and June 2006, she toured Australia leading workshops and concerts in Gaelic song in part as the guest of the Australian Gaelic Singers leading a Gaelic Song Masterclass and two concerts in Sydney. She appeared on the "Transatlantic Sessions" television series, and also played the part of the shop assistant Nora in the popular 1990s Gaelic language soap opera

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: Lee Lawson and Harold Boulton, on his debut album "Along Came Jones" in 1965. The same album, released in the U.S. as "It's Not Unusual" (and carrying only 12 of the original 16 tracks), did not give attribution for the arrangement but did characterize the song as "Trad.—2:57." Fans of Rangers FC in Glasgow used to sing a version of the song in praise of Danish player Kai Johansen (played 1965–70). Among later renditions which became well known were Peter Nelson and The Castaways from New Zealand, who released a version in 1966, as did West Australian artist Glen Ingram.

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: the motifs of Jacobitism although it was composed nearly a century and a half after the episode it describes. It is often supposed that it describes Charles's flight from the mainland, but this is unhistorical. The only time Charles was in Skye was when he left Benbecula in the Outer Hebrides to avoid the increasingly thorough Government searches. The lyrics were written by Sir Harold Boulton, 2nd Baronet, to an air collected in the 1870s by Anne Campbelle MacLeod (1855–1921), who became Lady Wilson by marriage to Sir James Wilson, KSCI (1853–1926), in 1888. The song was first published in

title: Fiona J. Mackenzie

text: Fiona J. Mackenzie Fiona J Mackenzie is a Gaelic singer from Dingwall in Scotland, and has toured and performed throughout Europe and North America. In 2005 she won the An Comunn Gàidhealach Gold Medal at the Royal National Mod in Stornoway. In 2004 Mackenzie was voted the BBC Scotland Traditional Music Personality of the Year at the Scottish Trad Music Awards. She was also nominated as Gaelic Singer of the Year in both 2005 and 2006. Mackenzie is a self-employed Gaelic Arts consultant and works throughout Scotland. Between 2002 and May 2009 she worked for the Highland Council as the

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: <poem>[Chorus:] Speed, bonnie boat, like a bird on the wing, Onward! the sailors cry; Carry the lad that's born to be King Over the sea to Skye. Loud the winds howl, loud the waves roar, Thunderclaps rend the air; Baffled, our foes stand by the shore, Follow they will not dare. [Chorus] Though the waves leap, soft shall ye sleep, Ocean's a royal bed. Rocked in the deep, Flora will keep Watch by your weary head. [Chorus] Many’s the lad, fought in that day Well the claymore did wield; When the night came, silently lay Dead on Cullodens field. [Chorus]

title: Anne Martin (Gaelic singer)

text: for the 2016 film shot by crofters from the Isle of Skye 'Grazing on the Edge'. Anne Martin was one of the original founders of the Ceol on the Croft festival, a two day music festival, which took place in Kilmuir on the Isle of Skye for two years running in 2014 and 2015. In 2017, Anne Martin collaborated with Jason Singh to create Ceumannan – Footsteps 2 as part of a project commissioned by Atlas Arts. The collaboration began on the Isle of Skye, where Jason Singh visited on invitation from Atlas Art. The pair were then funded by

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: cello in the 1992 film "Wind". Canadian Punk band, The Real McKenzies covered this song on their 1995 debut album "The Real McKenzies". Sir Michael Tippett originally included "Over the Sea to Skye" in his arrangements of "Four Songs from the British Isles" for unaccompanied four-part chorus in 1957, in response to a commission from North West German Radio, Bremen, for a festival of European folk song. But the amateur choir for which they were intended found the songs too difficult, and the first performance took place only in July 1958, given by the London Bach Group, conducted by John

title: Christine Primrose

text: Christine Primrose Christine Primrose (born 17 February 1950) is a Gaelic singer and music teacher. She was born in Carloway, Lewis, but she currently lives on the Isle of Skye. In interviews Primrose has stated that she has been singing since she was a small child, which is very typical in her family. She won a gold medal in sean-nós at the Royal National Mòd in 1974 and an award at the 1978 Pan Celtic Festival, and, as was not common at the time, she took a degree in traditional Gaelic music, and she has been performing all around the

title: Rachel Walker (singer)

text: Rachel Walker (singer) Rachel Walker (born 1976) is an English-born singer of Gaelic folk music, having performed and recorded as a solo artist as well as in bands, such as Skipinnish. Born in Salisbury, she moved to Wester Ross at age eight, and attended Kinlochewe Primary School and Gairloch High School, learning Gaelic song and traditional music. On leaving school Walker completed a course in classical music at Napier University and in 1996, she was accepted as one of the first students on the brand new Scottish music course at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama where she

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: Bear McCreary adapted the song as the opening titles of the 2014 TV series Outlander, sung by Raya Yarbrough, changing the text of Robert Louis Stevenson's poem Sing Me a Song of a Lad That Is Gone (1892) to fit the story.

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: 1980s British cartoon Dangermouse. Roger Whittaker's duet version with Des O'Connor, released in 1986, combined O'Connor's vocals with Whittaker's whistling version, a part of his repertoire since at least the mid-1970s. The track was recorded at London's Holland Park (now a high-end residential underground property) with session drummer Peter Boita along with all the high-profile studio session players of the day. The cellist Julian Lloyd Webber recorded an instrumental version of the song in 1986 on the album "Encore! / Travels With My Cello Volume 2". The Shadows played an instrumental version of the song on their 1987 album "Simply

title: Anne Martin (Gaelic singer)

text: Anne Martin (Gaelic singer) Anne Martin, also known as Anna Mhartainn (born 1963) is a Gaelic singer from the Isle of Skye whose performances explore and celebrate her cultural heritage through music. She has performed internationally in Ireland, Australia and India as well as in Scotland, her native country. Anne Martin was born in Linicro, Kilmuir on the Isle of Skye in 1963. Gaelic song was part of her life since early childhood, where traditional music played a significant role. Anne Martin is an international artist who has performed in Ireland, Australia, Canada and India. She also provided the soundtrack

title: Skye

text: were inspired by the island. Celtic fusion band the Peatbog Faeries are based on Skye. Jethro Tull singer Ian Anderson owned an estate at Strathaird on Skye at one time. Several Tull songs are written about Skye, including "Dun Ringil", "Broadford Bazaar", and "Acres Wild" (which contains the lines "Come with me to the Winged Isle, / Northern father's western child..." in reference to the island itself). The Isle of Skye Music Festival featured sets from The Fun Lovin' Criminals and Sparks, but collapsed in 2007. Electronic musician Mylo was born on Skye. The poet Sorley MacLean, a native of

title: Skye

text: Scotland and a smaller number of Roman Catholics many residents of Skye belong to the Free Church of Scotland, known for its strict observance of the Sabbath. Skye has a strong folk music tradition, although in recent years dance and rock music have been growing in popularity on the island. Gaelic folk rock band Runrig started in Skye and former singer Donnie Munro still works on the island. Runrig's second single and a concert staple is entitled "Skye", the lyrics being partly in English and partly in Gaelic and they have released other songs such as "Nightfall on Marsco" that

title: Runrig

text: rise and politics of Scotland's Gaelic community. 1980 saw the arrival of drummer Iain Bayne (from Scottish folk/rock band New Celeste) and keyboard player Richard Cherns. In 1982, Runrig re-recorded "Loch Lomond" as their first single. They signed to a small label called Simple Records in 1984, and two singles were released. The first was "Dance Called America". A longer version of the second single "Skye" appeared on the Alba Records compilation "A Feast Of Scottish Folk Music, Volume One" along with an early version of "Lifeline", both of which were previously unreleased on albums, and "Na H-Uain A's T-Earrach"

title: The Skye Boat Song

text: Give me the sun that shone! Give me the eyes, give me the soul, Give me the lad that's gone! [Chorus] Billow and breeze, islands and seas, Mountains of rain and sun, All that was good, all that was fair, All that was me is gone.</poem> There has also been a hymn adaptation of the tune, known as "Spirit of God Unseen as the Wind"; some of the lyrics vary. "The Skye Boat Song" has been parodied in song by Dawn French and Jennifer Saunders on their comedy series "French and Saunders". A modified version of "The Skye Boat Song"

title: Skye Edwards

text: This...A Tribute to John Martyn", released in 2011, Skye sings the track "Solid Air" from Martyn's 1973 album "Solid Air". She sang on "Uncovered QOTSA", by Olivier Libaux of the French group Nouvelle Vague; this is an album of Queens of the Stone Age songs covered by female singers. It was released 10 June 2013 digitally and on vinyl in limited edition. This album was released on 29 October 2012; produced by Steve Fitzmaurice (Depeche Mode, U2). Skye Edwards Skye Edwards (born Shirley Klaris Yonavieve Edwards; 27 May 1974), sometimes simply Skye, is a British singer-songwriter. Her career began in

title: Outlander (TV series)

text: Lad that is Gone", set to the tune of the Scottish folk song "The Skye Boat Song". For the first half of season two, the second verse of the opening theme is sung in French to reflect the season's French setting. "Outlander" premiered in the U.S. on August 9, 2014. Its first eight episodes aired through September, and the remaining eight episodes of season one resumed in April 2015. The first-season finale aired on May 30, 2015. "Outlander" debuted in Australia on SoHo on August 14, 2014, and began airing in Canada on Showcase on August 24, 2014. The series

title: Capercaillie (band)

text: (2003) up to "At the Heart of It All" (2013) feature more traditional arrangements and instruments, while still retaining a slight fusion feel, although not to the extremes of their albums of the 1990s. The opening track from their 2000 album "Nàdurra", "Skye Waulking Song", is used in the Edexcel Music GCSE Specification from 2009 onwards. The song is in the world music section, and is used as a representation of traditional folk music combined with rock music. Their 1992 EP, "A Prince Among Islands", was the first Scottish Gaelic-language record to have a single that reached the Top 40

title: Skye

text: the Isle of Raasay, which lies off the island's east coast, lived much of his life on Skye. The island has been immortalised in the traditional song "The Skye Boat Song" and is the notional setting for the novel "To the Lighthouse" by Virginia Woolf, although the Skye of the novel bears little relation to the real island. John Buchan's descriptions of Skye, as featured in his Richard Hannay novel "Mr Standfast", are more true to life. is a 2004 Italian language work of non-fiction by . The international bestseller, The Ice Twins, by S K Tremayne, published around the

title: The Skye Boat Song

short_answers:
Bear McCreary
Raya Yarbrough