question: who became the it company ceo in 2016

answers: Abid Ali Neemuchwala

title: Trace3

text: capitalists and technology entrepreneurs, to raise awareness of IT developments affecting businesses. In August 2014, the company hired a new CEO, Tyler Beecher, and Drumwright became Executive Chairman. In 2016, the company reported 2015 sales of $500M and 350 employees. That same year, the company reported growth in its Internet of Things (IoT) services. In December, the company launched a cybersecurity division. In June 2017, the company reported a strategic investment from Miami, Florida-based investment firm H.I.G. Capital. Financial terms were not disclosed. In August, the company announced it was merging with Grand Rapids, Michigan-based IT company Data Strategy, another

title: Jeroen Tas

text: cloud platform. Before that, Tas led the Philips Healthcare Informatics Solutions and Services Business Group. Tas is a native of the Netherlands. He earned a master's degree in computer science and business administration from the Free University of Amsterdam. In 1998, Tas and Jerry Rao co- founded BFL Software, an IT company, that later merged with Indian IT services company MphasiS in 2000. MphasiS rose to be one of the top 10 IT/BPO companies in India. Tas also served as President, COO and vice-chairman of the board for MphasiS. In 2006, Electronic Data Systems (EDS) acquired MphasiS, and it is

title: Yuval Ben-Itzhak

text: Yuval Ben-Itzhak Yuval Ben-Itzhak is an executive and entrepreneur. He received a number of honors and public recognition for his work as a Chief Technology Officer throughout his career. Ben-Itzhak has been selected as the 25 most influencing CTO by Infoworld, 40 Innovative IT People To Watch by Computerworld, and 2017 Chief Technology Officer of the Year by GeekTime. He was the Chief Technology Officer at AVG and was part of the leadership team that took AVG through its initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange in 2012. He was the Chief Technology Officer at Outbrain until 2017,

title: Kirill Tatarinov

text: eight years following the acquisition and became the company's chief technology officer. Tatarinov joined Microsoft in 2002 to lead the company's Management and Solutions Division. That same year, "Computerworld" named him one of the business world’s Premier 100 IT Leaders. In 2007, he became the executive vice president of Microsoft Business Solutions. In that position, he oversaw Microsoft Dynamics Customer relationship management and Enterprise resource planning software. Under his leadership, the Microsoft Dynamics business doubled in revenue. He also led the division's transition to the cloud. Tatarinov left Microsoft in October 2015 as part of a management overhaul. In January

title: Anjan Lahiri

text: Anjan Lahiri Anjan Lahiri is the CEO of Birlasoft, the global IT services company of the CK Birla Group. Lahiri is an alumnus of the Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, where he earned a Bachelor of Technology degree in electrical and electronics engineering. Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, is part of the CK Birla Group. He also holds an MBA from the University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. He began his career with Wipro Infotech in 1987 as part of the sales team and then moved on to start Cambridge Technology Partners’ internet services consulting practice in the US. In 1999,

title: CA Technologies

text: the company acquired eight companies to support its cloud computing strategy: 3Tera, Nimsoft, NetQoS, Oblicore, Cassatt, 4Base Technology, Arcot Systems, and Hyperformix. In 2011, CA acquired ITKO for $330 million. Two years later, it acquired app deployment and management company Nolio for approximately $40 million, as well as Layer7. On January 7, 2013, CA Technologies announced that Michael P. Gregoire would be a member of the board and new chief executive officer. In June 2014, CA Technologies moved its headquarters, without an announcement, from Islandia in Suffolk County, to 520 Madison Avenue in New York City. In 2015, the company

title: WorldWide Access

text: and in Chicago at the home of Greg Gulik. The Vernon Hills office primarily handled customer service, sales, and new customer signup while the Chicago office was primarily responsible for technical support. Computing Engineers incorporated in 1993, with David Vrona and Greg Gulik as chief officers: Vrona was the President, while Gulik was Vice-President and head of IT operations. Additionally, Kathleen Vrona headed the sales and marketing efforts. The company's first Customer Service Manager was Michael Rubin, who was followed by Sean Ware. By 1995, the company had approximately 10 employees and by 1997, it had about 25. After the

title: Yuval Ben-Itzhak

text: and now is the Chief Executive Officer at Socialbakers. Yuval Ben-Itzhak Yuval Ben-Itzhak is an executive and entrepreneur. He received a number of honors and public recognition for his work as a Chief Technology Officer throughout his career. Ben-Itzhak has been selected as the 25 most influencing CTO by Infoworld, 40 Innovative IT People To Watch by Computerworld, and 2017 Chief Technology Officer of the Year by GeekTime. He was the Chief Technology Officer at AVG and was part of the leadership team that took AVG through its initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange in 2012. He

title: NerdWallet

text: former LinkedIn VP Dan Yoo replaced co-founder Gibson, as chief operating officer. Flo Thinh joined as VP of Talent and the company drew 30 million users to its website. By 2015 the company had 200 employees and added Vikram Pandit and James D. Robinson III to its board of advisors. That year it raised $64 million in its first round of funding at an estimated valuation of $500 million and acquired a $36 million revolving loan. By May 2015 the company had developed business relationships with eight banks and a dozen insurance companies. Co-founder Chen reported that the company was

title: Cloudreach

text: 2018, Aaron Painter was named the new CEO of Cloudreach, replacing Co-Founder Pontus Noren who became Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors. The management change comes after Cloudreach was acquired by private equity firm Blackstone in 2017. In August 2018, Cloudreach acquired Relus Cloud, an Atlanta based data and analytics specialist. With the acquisition of Relus Cloud, Cloudreach now employs more than 700 people. The acquisition is Cloudreach's third since investment firm Blackstone bought a majority stake in the company last year. Cloudreach Cloudreach is an international cloud computing consultancy that specialises in the planning, implementation and operational support

title: Company85

text: of the Year. In 2012 they were named Small IT Supplier of the Year in the Organisational Excellence category at the UK IT Awards organised by British Computer Society and Computing (magazine) (it had been a medallist the previous year). It was a finalist in the same category in 2014 and also a finalist as UK Services Company of the Year and UK IT Employer of the Year. Company85 staff were also shortlisted for multiple awards in the 2013 and 2014 UK IT Awards. Company85 was also shortlisted as 2013 Information Security Consultancy of the Year at the SC Europe

title: Company85

text: Alan Priddy. Since then, the challenge has been rebranded to the Global Challenge . Company85 were also one of the Bronze Sponsors for the White Hat Rally 2012. Company85 Company85 is an independent IT consultancy specialising in IT transformation, service management, workspace, cloud integration, data management, and security and privacy. It was formed in 2010 following a management buyout from Symantec. Company85 is based in the City of London, UK. Company85 was originally established as Company-i, a professional IT services firm based in the City of London, United Kingdom. In 2006 Company-i was acquired by Symantec and became the UK

title: NTT Data

text: U.S. headquarters in Plano, acquired Optimal Solutions Integration, a provider of SAP services headquartered in Irving, Texas. In 2015, the company acquired Carlisle & Gallagher, Inc., a Charlotte-based consulting firm. Also that year, the company acquired iPay88 - Online Payment Gateway for Asia Countries, Malaysia which specialize in online payment services and payment solutions for merchants with multiple financial institutions as business partners in Malaysia. In 2016, the company acquired the Dell IT Services unit (mainly the former Perot Systems) of Dell Inc for $3 billion. Also in 2016, the company acquired Nefos, a Salesforce consulting partner in Germany, Austria

title: HyTrust

text: also mentions McAfee, Trend Micro, CA Technologies, RSA, and VCE. HyTrust was founded by the company's president, Eric Chiu, vice president Renata Budko, vice president Boris Strongin, and engineer Boris Belov. Before Hytrust, both Chiu and Budko worked for Cemaphore Systems – a company specialising in disaster recovery for Microsoft Exchange. HyTrust's CEO and chairman is John De Santis – formerly vice president of Cloud Services at VMware, and chairman and CEO of TriCipher, a software security infrastructure company. In November 2013, HyTrust acquired HighCloud Security, a cloud encryption and management software provider. This acquisition added encryption and key management

title: Maykor

text: leaders in IT services by the Russian business magazine "Kommersant-Dengi", as well as by Russian rating agencies RAEX and RIA Rating. Maykor MAYKOR is a Russian company and provider of IT and business process outsourcing services. It was founded in 2010 and headquartered in Moscow. The company's main business areas include support services for: IT infrastructure; business applications; telecom, retail, banking, oil and gas, and transportation and logistics equipment; facility management; as well as business process outsourcing. The company has 83 branches and more than 400 service units in Russia. Employee headcount as of 2015: more than 5,200 The company

title: Joyent

text: the company in May 2012, and Hoffman took over as interim chief executive until the appointment of Henry Wasik in November 2012. Hoffman stepped down from his position as the company's chief technical officer in September 2013 and took a new position at Ericsson the next month. Bryan Cantrill was appointed CTO in his place in April 2014, with Mark Cavage assuming Cantrill's former VP Engineering role. The company has a history of acquisitions and divestments. In 2009, Joyent acquired Reasonably Smart, a cloud startup company with products based on JavaScript and Git. In 2009, it sold off both Strongspace

title: TechnologyOne

text: released its half year results, he would step down as CEO and that the COO, Edward Chung, would take over. Di Marco remained as executive chairman. At the company’s full year results on 21 November 2017, the company’s cloud business turned a profit for the first time, posting a $2.5 million profit for the year to September, and signing 112 new cloud customers. TechnologyOne currently has approximately 1,200 customers and invested $49.9 million in Research & Investment in the financial year ending September 2017. TechnologyOne TechnologyOne Limited is an Australian enterprise software company. TechnologyOne was founded in 1987 in Brisbane,

title: Ben Uretsky

text: Ben Uretsky Ben Uretsky is the cofounder and former chief executive officer (CEO) of DigitalOcean, a cloud infrastructure provider. In 2003 Uretsky founded his first company ServerStack, a managed hosting provider, with his brother Moisey Uretsky. The company was a precursor to DigitalOcean. Prior to starting ServerStack, Uretsky worked for another managed hosting company called Like Whoa. In 2011, Uretsky founded DigitalOcean with his brother and another cofounder, Mitch Wainer. In 2012, Uretsky and the other cofounders graduated from the Techstars incubator program in Boulder, Colorado. They launched the first version of DigitalOcean’s product the same year. In June 2018,

title: T-Systems

text: outside. Since December 2007 Reinhard Clemens has been the CEO. Before that, he had been president of EDS (now HP Enterprise Services) Germany since 2003. Since January 2018 Adel Al-Saleh is the CEO of T-Systems. In June 2018, T Systems announced is will cut 10,000 jobs in 3 years, including 6,000 in Germany, with the hope of returning the company to profitability. T-Systems was founded in 2000, when Deutsche Telekom acquired a 50.1% stake of debis Systemhaus, one of the largest IT services companies in Germany at the time. Most of Deutsche Telekom's existing service and IT businesses were then

title: Wipro

text: At the end of December 31, 2015, its employee strength was 170,664. Abid Ali Neemuchwala was appointed as Wipro's CEO after T. K. stepped down in early 2016.

title: Xunlei

text: Delivery Network. Xunlei Ltd. announced that its board of directors has appointed Mr. Lei Chen, who is a former Tencent cloud computing unit leader, as its Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Director of the Board on June 29, 2017. Mr. Sean Zou, founder of the Company, resigned as Chief Executive Officer and continues to serve as the Chairman of the Board, with specific focus on Xunlei's growth strategy and initiatives related to products and technological innovation in cloud computing including AI, as well as strategic investments. The Xunlei download manager, generally called Xunlei, is the flagship product of

title: Sanjay Govil

text: Sanjay Govil Sanjay Govil is an Indian-American business executive. he is chairman of the board for Infinite Computer Solutions, an IT service company he founded in 1999. He is a previous winner of the Entrepreneur of the Year Award given by Ernst & Young and a fellow at the Wharton School of Business. In addition to his work at Infinite, Govil is active in training young entrepreneurs. Govil attended Auburn University where he earned a Bachelor of Engineering. After graduating from Auburn, Govil began working for IBM. During his time at IBM, he earned a Master of Engineering from Syracuse

title: Karl-Heinz Streibich

text: Three years later he joined ITT Industries as Product Marketing Manager then moved to ITT-SEL AG now Alcatel-Lucent as Managing Director of the PC business. He joined Daimler Benz AG in 1989 where he served several IT related executive positions before serving as Deputy Chairman and Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Debis Systemhaus facilitating the merger with T-Systems between 2000-2002. He is a member of the Supervisory Board (Aufsichtsrat) at Deutsche Telekom AG, Dürr AG, Deutsche Messe AG and holds several honorary positions including Member of the Presidency of the German IT Association BITKOM, Co-Chairman of the Platform “Digital administration

title: Company85

text: Company85 Company85 is an independent IT consultancy specialising in IT transformation, service management, workspace, cloud integration, data management, and security and privacy. It was formed in 2010 following a management buyout from Symantec. Company85 is based in the City of London, UK. Company85 was originally established as Company-i, a professional IT services firm based in the City of London, United Kingdom. In 2006 Company-i was acquired by Symantec and became the UK and EMEA consulting arm of Symantec Global Services. The acquisition was driven by Symantec’s wish to deepen its risk management services capability. Following Symantec’s decision in 2010 to

title: Amit Bohensky

text: Global in early 2007, and in January of that year Bohensky became Matrix Global's CEO and chief technology officer for Bulgaria and Macedonia. He held those positions until January 2009. A month after leaving Matrix Global he became CEO of the large Israeli IT company Consist Systems and Technologies, where he stayed until January 2012. In July 2008 Bohensky founded Focal-Info, a software company focused on web data extraction and analytics. He stepped away from the company in December 2011, and the following month it was announced that Focal-Info had been bought by the public company Verint for an undisclosed

title: Karen Richardson

text: and scientific consulting company she joined in 2013, and Ayasdi, a Palo Alto company developing a machine learning and artificial intelligence platform to be used in financial services, health care, national security and other data-intensive industries. Richardson was named among the "100 most influential women in tech" by a technology industry website in 2015. Richardson was a board member of VirtuOz until January 2013, when the company was purchased by Nuance Communications; she was on the advisory board of Proofpoint Inc., a provider of email security and compliance products that went public in April 2012; and was chairwoman of the

title: Cognizant

text: takeover attempts. Kumar Mahadeva resigned as the CEO in 2003, and was replaced by Lakshmi Narayanan. Gradually, the company's services portfolio expanded across the IT services landscape and into business process outsourcing (BPO) and business consulting. Lakshmi Narayanan was succeeded by the Kenya-born Francisco D'Souza in 2006. Cognizant experienced a period of fast growth during the 2000s, as reflected by its appearance in "Fortune" magazine's "100 Fastest-Growing Companies" list for ten consecutive years from 2003 to 2012. In September 2014, Cognizant struck its biggest deal, acquiring healthcare IT services provider TriZetto Corp for $2.7 billion. Cognizant Shares, rose nearly 3

title: Anjan Lahiri

text: business leaders. He is married and has two daughters. His father was an officer, in the Indian Army's Gorkha regiment. Anjan Lahiri Anjan Lahiri is the CEO of Birlasoft, the global IT services company of the CK Birla Group. Lahiri is an alumnus of the Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, where he earned a Bachelor of Technology degree in electrical and electronics engineering. Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, is part of the CK Birla Group. He also holds an MBA from the University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. He began his career with Wipro Infotech in 1987 as part of the

title: Iteris

text: in 2015, and was added to the Russell 2000 Index on June 26, 2017. In mid 2017, the company reported revenue of $96 million for the previous fiscal year. Joe Bergera has served as the company's chief executive officer (CEO) since 2015. Former CEOs include Jack Johnson, who served until 2007, and Abbas Mohaddes, who served from 2007–2015. Kevin Daly served as interim CEO between Mohaddes and Bergera, and maintained his longtime board position following the latter's hiring. Iteris provides consulting services and produces sensors and other devices that record and predict traffic and weather conditions, in conjunction with proprietary

title: Bob Muglia

text: the company's new CEO. Several other Juniper executives also left around this time. Bob Muglia is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Snowflake Computing, a cloud-based data-warehousing startup. He joined the company in June 2014, a couple years after it was founded in 2012. Snowflake Computing came out of stealth mode that October. Bob Muglia Bob Muglia (born 1959) is an American business executive and research and development specialist. He is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Snowflake Computing, a data warehousing startup. Muglia is known for managing divisions at Microsoft that supported the Microsoft Office Suite, Windows Server and

title: Wipro


question: who headed the 7th central pay commission of india

answers: Justice A.K Mathur

title: Pay Commission

text: setting up a committee "forthwith appoint a committee of one or more persons to look into the matter" relating the salary of officers in the lower judiciary. On 19 November 2015, the 7th Central Pay Commission recommended 23.55% hike in pay and allowances which will be implemented from 1 January 2016. The full report is available on the website of Ministry of Finance, Government of India The Union Cabinet approves 7th Pay panel recommendations on 29 June 2016. The recommendations will be effected from 1 January 2016 with arrears to be paid in the financial year 2016-17 itself unlike previously,

title: Sixth Central Pay Commission

text: Sixth Central Pay Commission The Sixth Central Pay Commission was convened by the Union Cabinet of India on 5 October 2006. The Pay Commission was headed by B. N. Srikrishna. The other members of the Commission were Ravindra Dholakia, J. S. Mathur, and Member-Secretary Sushama Nath. The Sixth Central Pay Commission submitted its report to the Finance Minister, P. Chidambaram on 24 March 2008. On 29 August 2008, the government announced its decision to implement the report on "structure of emoluments, allowances, conditions of service and retirement benefits of Central Government employees including ... the Defence Forces", "subject to some

text: 7th Central Pay Commission (CPC) and Defence Forces The 7th Central Pay Commission (7CPC), constituted in February 2014 to review the principles and structure of emoluments of all central government civilian employees including defence forces in India, submitted its report on 19 November 2015. 7CPC's recommendations affects the organization, rank structure, pay, allowances and pension, of 13,86,171 armed forces personnel. Following the submission of the 7CPC report, the Chiefs of Staff of the Armed m submission to the Government contended that the recommendations of 7th CPC are anomalous, discriminatory, and at variance with historical parities. The anomalies identified by the

title: Sixth Central Pay Commission

text: date of posting of the Indian Administrative Service officer in that particular grade".<ref name="http://persmin.gov.in/DOPT/Acts"></ref><ref name="AV, 17/8"></ref> Sixth Central Pay Commission The Sixth Central Pay Commission was convened by the Union Cabinet of India on 5 October 2006. The Pay Commission was headed by B. N. Srikrishna. The other members of the Commission were Ravindra Dholakia, J. S. Mathur, and Member-Secretary Sushama Nath. The Sixth Central Pay Commission submitted its report to the Finance Minister, P. Chidambaram on 24 March 2008. On 29 August 2008, the government announced its decision to implement the report on "structure of emoluments, allowances, conditions of

title: Pay Commission

text: will be heading the Seventh Pay Commission, announcement of which was done on 4 February 2014. On 29 June 2016, Government accepted the recommendation of 7th Pay Commission Report with meager increase in salary of 14% after six month of intense evaluation and successive discussion. In May 2014, a group of retired government officials, challenged the inclusion of a senior IAS officer in the three member 7th Pay Commission, in the Delhi High Court. They alleged that this would lead an inherent bias in the commission's recommendations towards IAS officers. On 9 November 2017, the government raised the maximum amount

text: Arup Raha, Chairman Chief of Staff Committee (CoSC), in an official statement released by the MOD, said, "The 7th Pay Commission anomalies in respect of the Armed Forces were discussed with the Hon'ble Raksha Mantri in detail by the Service Chiefs and the members of the Armed Forces Pay Commission Cell. The Hon'ble Raksha Mantri is seized of all the issues and has assured to resolve them at the earliest. The Services are satisfied with the response." A large contingent of veterans led by Lt Gen S S Brar (retd), march to the office of Punjab Governor V P Singh

text: Mudit Mittal, Indian Railway Accounts Service; Samir Kumar Sinha, IAS officer of Bihar cadre and Rajiv Mishra, 'Advisor' and 'economist'. D.K. Rai, Indian Defence Account Service (IDSA), 2000 batch, was responsible for processing armed forces pay and allowances, including reviewing the submissions from the armed forces headquarters. Rai, according to Mr Mathur was "great help" in "determining the pay structure for the defence forces", because of his "insight into the financial intricacies of the pay structure of the defense service". The mandate of 1st Central Pay Commission (nine members) and the 2nd Central Pay Commission (six members) was to examine

text: gave his nod to The 7th Pay Commission’s suggestion of increasing the monthly salary of Chief Justice of India (CJI) to Rs 2.80 lakh per month from the present Rs 1 lakh per month, besides recommending a salary hike of the judges of the Supreme Court and the 24 High Courts The 7CPC was constituted against the background of the protracted public protest by ex-servicemen, including by senior officers, that started following the 6th CPC in 2008. These protest highlighted the perceived neglect of the armed forces on matters affecting their pay, pension status, levels, especially in comparison with police

text: an NGO representing personnel below officer rank (PBOR) moves petition in the Delhi High Court alleging that PBOR were discriminated against by the Seventh Pay Commission (7CPC). The plea seeks same rate of military service pay (MSP) for PBORs as awarded to officers; equal disability pension for all armed forces personnel irrespective of their rank; service up to 60 years service; and time bound promotions for PBORs; three Assured Career Progressions; and participation in policy formulation on pay and allowances. 7th Central Pay Commission (CPC) and Defence Forces The 7th Central Pay Commission (7CPC), constituted in February 2014 to review

text: hired 16 consultants to advice it on its work. The consultants are not named in the report, and their contribution are not documented. The secretariat was composed of members of Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Postal service, Indian Railway Accounts Service, Indian Post and Telegraph Accounts and Finance Service. Senior officials involved in the preparation of the report were: Jayant Sinha, Indian Audit and Accounts Service (IA&AS), 1990 batch, (who on completion of his tenure in the 7th CPC was posted in the Department of Defence, Ministry of Defence); Ms Yashashri Shukla, Indian Post and Telegraph Accounts and Finance Service',

text: the one implemented for the armed forces, called slab based system, issued a press release informing that the representation of the Service Headquarters seeking a disability pension scheme at par with the civilians, has been referred to "the Anomaly Committee of 7th CPC for consideration". 18 October 2016 Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar authorizes G.Mohan Kumar, IAS, Defence Secretary to issue of memo (No A/24577/CAO/CP Cell) tabulating rank equivalence between armed forces officers and select officers of the Armed Forces Headquarter Civil Service, a Group B service responsible for house keeping and secretarial functions in armed forces headquarters, and inter-service organizations.

text: that "India cannot afford a demoralized defence service with a belligerent China and mischievous Pakistan being next door neighbours", he said. Justice PB Bajanthri, Punjab and Haryana High Court, Chandigarh, in response to a petition by Lt Colonel Preetpal Singh Grewal, a serving officer, issued notice to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) to include representatives from the defence forces in the panel set up by the government on 12 September 2016 to examine anomalies in the 7CPC recommendations implemented by the government. The high court ordered that the anomalies committee shall take into account the views on anomalies affecting defence

title: Ashok Kumar Mathur

text: 22 December 1999 as Chief Justice. Mathur became a judge of the Supreme Court in 2004 and retired from service on 7 August 2008 from their. After the retirement he was appointed as the Chairman of 7th Central Pay Commission (CPC) and Defence Forces and head of the who had also headed the Armed Forces Tribunal. Ashok Kumar Mathur Ashok Kumar Mathur (born 7 August 1943) was the Chief justice of Calcutta High Court, Justice of the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed as the Chairman of 7th Pay commission. Mathur completed his in M.A. degree in English from

text: they should make it. If IAS or pay commission has a reason for this why are they not putting it out in public domain?"; [e] 46 anomalies from 6th Pay Commission and 36 from 7th Pay Commission remain unresolved and there is no legitimate answer given on why their requests are being turned down". Ministry of Defence (MOD) promulgates gazette notification on recommendations of 7CPC affecting armed forces notifies Implementation orders for 7CPC. Chiefs of Staff Committee (CoSC) meets and decides to withhold the implementation of 7CPC till 'anomalies' are resolved. A major anomaly is the lowering of level (rank),

text: Jyoti at India Gate to mark Vijay Diwas (India), with the General Dalbir Singh, Chief of army Staff (COAS) Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha, Chief of Air Staff, and Admiral R.K. Dhowan, Chief of naval Staff, tells reporters "We are analyzing them (7th Pay Commission)" and that "by next week we will be able to see what can be done." General Dalbir Singh, Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha, and Admiral Robin Dhowan, send a joint memorandum to Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar. The memorandum highlights "several glaring inaccuracies and anomalies" in the 7CPC recommendations. Eight "critical issues and persisting core anomalies",

title: Pay Commission

text: Government issued instructions implementing 7CPC's "general recommendations on pay without any material alteration" including separate "Pay Matrices" (for civilians) and the armed forces. Pay Commission The first pay commission was established on January, 1946 and it submitted its report in May, 1947 to the interim government of India. It was under the chairmanship of Srinivasa Varadachariar. The mandate of 1st (nine members) was to examining and recommending emolument structure of Civilian employees. Post War Pay Committee for the armed Forces Armed forces emoluments structure was determined not by the 1st Central Pay Commission(CPC) but by a Departmental Committee which had

text: are identified by armed forces headquarters. The anomalies, they say, will exacerbate disparities between the armed forces and the police and affect morale. To address these anomalies they recommend that these be examined by non partisan expert body or a parliamentary committee. Prime Minister Narendra Modi approves "Constitution of an Empowered Committee of Secretaries" under chairmanship of cabinet secretary to process the recommendations of the 7th Central Pay Commission with ”regard to all relevant factors, in an expeditious detailed and holistic fashion”. Finance Ministry issues instruction on the composition and work of the 7thCPC Empowered Committee. The ‘Empowered Committee of

text: 7CPC, includes the following two cases: "(a) where the Official Side and the Staff Side are of the opinion that any recommendation is in contravention of the principle or the policy enunciated by the Seventh Central Pay Commission itself without the Commission assigning any reason; and (b) where the maximum of the Level in the Pay Matrix corresponding to the applicable Grade Pay in the Pay Band under the pre-revised structure, as notified vide CCS (RP) Rules 2016, is less than the amount an employee is entitled to be fixed at, as per the formula for fixation of pay contained

text: . 18 former chiefs of the armed forces, including General VP Malik, write to Narendra Modi the Prime Minister, conveying their disquiet on the impact of the recommendations of the 7CPC on the Indian Armed Forces, according to a statement by General VP Malik in a TV interview broadcast by NDTV. The Prime Minister, Malik said, has taken the retired chiefs for granted. Manohar, Parrikar, Defence Minister, tells "India Today", that "I do not think they (7CPC recommendations) will remain. I do not consider them as finalities(sic). I have flagged them and will flag them properly at the right level".

title: Pay Commission

text: Badnore and submit a memorandum, addressed to the President of India. The memorandum says "The community of veterans across the country fully endorses the stand taken by the Chiefs of Army, Navy and Air Force with regard to the recommendations of the seventh Central Pay Commission" Capt Amarinder Singh joins the veterans march with Congress party members, including Ambika Soni, Asha Kumari and Harish Chaudhary. Later, Amrinder told reporters that the present situation was caused by "bias of the bureaucrats against the armed forces and the blind eye turned by the political parties running the government". "The brazen and blatant

text: in the armed Forces is not a separate pay commission but the "non-resolution of anomalies or ex parte resolution of anomalies" Armed forces headquarters submit a joint services memorandum (JSM) to the 7CPC. The commission forwards the JSM to Ministry of Defence, Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare, Controller General of Defence Accounts, Ministry of Home Affairs, Department of Personnel and Training, and others, "to draw .. upon the views of the key stakeholders within the government with regard to issues posed by the Defence Services". Manohar Parrikar, Defence Minister, on the advice of Defence Secretary R.K. Mathur, (25 May 2013 24-

text: Ashok Lavasa,IAS, Finance Secretary, Chairman; [b] Rajiv Mehrishi, IAS, Home Secretary; [c] G.Mohan Kumar, IAS, Defence Secretary; [d] CK Mishra, IAS 1983, Bihar cadre, Secretary Health and Family Welfare; [e] B P Sharma, IAS 1981, Bihar cadre, Secretary, Personnel & Training; [f] Boyapati Venkat Sudhakar, Secretary, Department of Posts [g] A.K.Mittal, IRES, Chairman Railway Board. The armed forces are excluded from the anomalies committee, which has become cause of litigation. In response to a petition by Lt Colonel Preetpal Singh Grewal, a serving officer, the Punjab and Haryana High Court, Chandigarh, issued notice to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) to

text: armed forces are about use of different principles, policy, and formula by the 7CPC for determining armed forces pay, allowances, level, rank equivalence, pension, and status in comparison with the civil services, including defence civilians, police and intelligence services. These anomalies they have argued affect morale, command and control, and cohesion. On 5 September 2016 the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government implemented the recommendations of the 7CPC including those affecting the armed forces with minor modifications. I On 7 September 2016, the Chiefs of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, wrote to Narendra Modi, the

text: A K Mathur, the chairperson of 7CPC, submits 7CPC report.; Lt-Gen Harwant Singh, former Deputy Chief of Army Staff, in an article in the "Hindustan Times" says the 7CPC report is "misleading, and factually inaccurate" and that it represents 'perennial bias and prejudice' of bureaucrats in the MOD. He adds: "the sad state of soldiers seems to be of no one's concern: least of all the military's top brass". Prime Minister Narendra Modi, address Combined Commanders' Conference on board INS Vikramaditya. Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar says "analysing armed forces demands" Manohar Parrikar, Defence Minister, after laying wreath at Amar Jawan

text: The memo is signed by V Anandarajan, Chief administrative Officer (CAO), Ministry Of Defence (MOD), under G.Mohan Kumar, IAS, Defence Secretary. Anandarajan, Joint Secretary, is an officer belonging to the Indian Revenue Service, income tax branch, of 1988 batch, on deputation with MOD. The memo is addressed to Staff Duties (SD) Directorate, Army headquarters, and equivalent directorates in the Air-force and Navy among others. In its last paragraph, the memo says it has the approval of the Raksha Mantri (Defence Minister Mohan Parrikar). Major generals, in the memo, are equated with AFHQ CS officers with 16 years service as officers

text: Prime Minister, and Mohan Parrikar, the Defence Minister, conveying their concern about the "unresolved anomalies". They also write and inform their respective commands that they have been "constrained to request the government to hold implementation of 7th CPC award in abeyance in view of the anomalies which need to be resolved". On 14 September 2016 the headquarters of the three services, following assurances at the highest level that anomalies affecting armed forces pay, pension, allowances, rank parity, and status would be addressed, issued instructions to their commands to implement the government decision. On 30 January 2018, President Ram Nath Kovind

text: in the cabinet secretariat. There is no representation from the armed Forces in the empowered committee. Members of the Empowered Committee include: [1] Pradeep Kumar Sinha, Cabinet Secretary, Chairman; [2] Ashok Lavasa, IAS, Finance Secretary (Expenditure); [3] Rajiv Mehrishi, IAS, Ministry of Home (MHA); [4]G.Mohan Kumar, IAS, Defence Secretary, MOD; [5] CK Mishra, IAS (1983, Bihar cadre), Secretary, IAS, Secretary Health and Family Welfare;[6] B P Sharma, IAS (1981, Bihar cadre), Secretary, Personnel & Training; [7] Secretary Department of Pensions ; [8] Boyapati Venkat Sudhakar, Indian Postal Service, 1981 batch, Secretary, Department of Posts [9] A.K.Mittal, IRES, Chairman Railway Board

text: based" system recommended by 7CPC. MOD instructions on implementation of the recommendations of the 7CPC " relating to structure of emoluments, allowances and conditions of service of Armed Forces personnel" was issued on 5 September 2016. The basis for determining armed forces pay, level, status, pension, recommended by 7CPC is similar to 6CPC, except for terminological changes. The 7CPC recommended replacing 'grade pay and pay bands' of 6CPC, with two "Pay Matrices": one for the civil services, police, defence civilians, and another for the armed forces. The term 'levels', is analogous to grade pay, and rank. The matrix for the

title: Ashok Kumar Mathur

text: Ashok Kumar Mathur Ashok Kumar Mathur (born 7 August 1943) was the Chief justice of Calcutta High Court, Justice of the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed as the Chairman of 7th Pay commission. Mathur completed his in M.A. degree in English from Calcutta University in 1968 and passed his LL.B. in 1970. Mathur started his lawyer career in the Rajasthan High Court in 1967. Initially he worked as Government Advocate. He was elevated as Judge on 13 July 1985 of the Rajasthan High Court. He was transferred from Madhya Pradesh High Court to the Calcutta High Court on

title: Pay Commission

long_answer:
The Government of India has initiated the process to constitute the 7th Central Pay Commission along with finalisation of its Terms of Reference, the composition and the possible timeframe for submission of its Report.
On 25 September 2013 then Finance Minister P Chidambaram announced that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has approved the constitution of the 7th Pay Commission. Its recommendations are likely to be implemented with effect from 1 January 2016.
Justice A.K Mathur will be heading the Seventh Pay Commission, announcement of which was done on 4 February 2014. On 29 June 2016, Government accepted the recommendation of 7th Pay Commission Report with meager increase in salary of 14% after six month of intense evaluation and successive discussions. The Finance Minister of India claimed it historical increase of salaries due to little knowledge of Sixth Pay Commission.


question: when did john steinbeck write of mice and me

answers: 1937

title: John Steinbeck

text: called him a "Giant of American Letters". Despite ongoing attacks on his literary reputation, Steinbeck's works continue to sell well and he is widely taught in American and British schools as a bridge to more complex literature. Works such as "Of Mice and Men" are short and easy to read, and compassionately illustrate universal themes that are still relevant in the 21st century. Steinbeck grew up in California's Salinas Valley, a culturally diverse place with a rich migratory and immigrant history. This upbringing imparted a regionalistic flavor to his writing, giving many of his works a distinct sense of place.

title: John Steinbeck

text: 1976. Many of Steinbeck's works are required reading in American high schools. In the United Kingdom, "Of Mice and Men" is one of the key texts used by the examining body AQA for its English Literature GCSE. A study by the Center for the Learning and Teaching of Literature in the United States found that "Of Mice and Men" was one of the ten most frequently read books in public high schools. Contra-wise, Steinbeck's works have been frequently banned in the United States. "The Grapes of Wrath" was banned by school boards: in August 1939, Kern County Board of Supervisors

title: John Steinbeck

text: banned the book from the county's publicly funded schools and libraries. It was burned in Salinas on two different occasions. In 2003, a school board in Mississippi banned it on the grounds of profanity. According to the American Library Association Steinbeck was one of the ten most frequently banned authors from 1990 to 2004, with "Of Mice and Men" ranking sixth out of 100 such books in the United States. The award of the 1962 Nobel Prize for Literature to Steinbeck was controversial in the United States. The award citation lauded Steinbeck "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as

title: John Steinbeck

text: lasted until January 1941. Of the controversy, Steinbeck wrote, "The vilification of me out here from the large landowners and bankers is pretty bad. The latest is a rumor started by them that the Okies hate me and have threatened to kill me for lying about them. I'm frightened at the rolling might of this damned thing. It is completely out of hand; I mean a kind of hysteria about the book is growing that is not healthy." The film versions of "The Grapes of Wrath" and "Of Mice and Men" (by two different movie studios) were in production simultaneously,

title: Of Mice and Men

text: a script for a play. It is only 30,000 words in length. Steinbeck wanted to write a novel that could be played from its lines, or a play that could be read like a novel. Steinbeck originally titled it "Something That Happened" (referring to the events of the book as "something that happened" because nobody can be really blamed for the tragedy that unfolds in the story). However, he changed the title after reading Robert Burns's poem "To a Mouse." Burns's poem tells of the regret the narrator feels for having destroyed the home of a mouse while plowing his

title: Of Mice and Men

text: number 52 of the "nation's best loved novels" on the BBC's 2003 survey The Big Read. "Of Mice and Men" has been challenged (proposed for censorship) 54 times since it was published in 1936. However, scholars like Thomas Scarseth have fought to protect the book by citing its literary value. According to Scarseth "in true great literature the pain of Life is transmuted into the beauty of Art". The book was once studied in English Literature GCSE, but was dropped because it didn't originate from Britain. The first stage production was written by Steinbeck, produced by Sam H. Harris and

title: Of Mice and Men

text: field. Steinbeck wrote this book and "The Grapes of Wrath" in what is now Monte Sereno, California. An early draft of "Of Mice and Men" was eaten by Steinbeck's dog, named Max. Attaining the greatest positive response of any of his works up to that time, Steinbeck's novella was chosen as a Book of the Month Club selection before it was published. Praise for the work came from many notable critics, including Maxine Garrard ("Enquirer-Sun"), Christopher Morley, and Harry Thornton Moore ("New Republic"). "New York Times" critic Ralph Thompson described the novella as a "grand little book, for all its

title: John Steinbeck

text: These included "In Dubious Battle", "Of Mice and Men" and "The Grapes of Wrath". He also wrote an article series called "The Harvest Gypsies" for the "San Francisco News" about the plight of the migrant worker. "Of Mice and Men" was a drama about the dreams of two migrant agricultural laborers in California. It was critically acclaimed and Steinbeck's 1962 Nobel Prize citation called it a "little masterpiece". Its stage production was a hit, starring Wallace Ford as George and Broderick Crawford as George's companion, the mentally childlike, but physically powerful itinerant farmhand Lennie. Steinbeck refused to travel from his

title: Of Mice and Men

text: represent evil in that both oppress and abuse the migrants in different ways. Fate is felt most heavily as the characters' aspirations are destroyed when George is unable to protect Lennie (who is a real danger). Steinbeck presents this as "something that happened" or as his friend coined for him "non-teleological thinking" or "is thinking", which postulates a non-judgmental point of view. "Of Mice and Men" was Steinbeck's first attempt at writing in the form of novel-play termed a "play-novelette" by one critic. Structured in three acts of two chapters each, it is intended to be both a novella and

title: John Steinbeck

text: allowing Steinbeck to spend a full day on the set of "The Grapes of Wrath" and the next day on the set of "Of Mice and Men." In the 1930s and 1940s, Ed Ricketts strongly influenced Steinbeck's writing. Steinbeck frequently took small trips with Ricketts along the California coast to give himself time off from his writing and to collect biological specimens, which Ricketts sold for a living. Their joint book about a collecting expedition to the Gulf of California in 1940, which was part travelogue and part natural history, published just as the U.S. entered World War II, never

title: John Steinbeck

text: land. He spent his summers working on nearby ranches and later with migrant workers on Spreckels sugar beet farms. There he learned of the harsher aspects of the migrant life and the darker side of human nature, which supplied him with material expressed in such works as "Of Mice and Men". He explored his surroundings, walking across local forests, fields, and farms. While working at Spreckels Sugar Company, he sometimes worked in their laboratory, which gave him time to write. He had considerable mechanical aptitude and fondness for repairing things he owned. Steinbeck graduated from Salinas High School in 1919

title: Of Mice and Men (1939 film)

text: it disappeared for many years at a time until the 1980s and 1990s, when it slowly appeared in revival theater houses, video and cable and earned a following of fans (both audience members and film critics) who praised the movie for its brilliant interpretation of the Steinbeck novella. Two migrant field workers in California during the Great Depression, George Milton (Burgess Meredith), an intelligent and quick-witted man (despite his frequent claims of being "not that smart"), and Lennie Small (Lon Chaney Jr.), an ironically-named man of large stature and immense strength who, due to his mental disability, has a mind

title: John Steinbeck

text: home in California to attend any performance of the play during its New York run, telling director George S. Kaufman that the play as it existed in his own mind was "perfect" and that anything presented on stage would only be a disappointment. Steinbeck wrote two more stage plays ("The Moon Is Down" and "Burning Bright"). "Of Mice and Men" was also adapted as a 1939 Hollywood film, with Lon Chaney, Jr. as Lennie (he had filled the role in the Los Angeles stage production) and Burgess Meredith as George. Meredith and Steinbeck became close friends for the next two

title: John Steinbeck

text: become the enemies of the political status quo." In a 1942 letter to United States Attorney General Francis Biddle, John Steinbeck wrote: "Do you suppose you could ask Edgar's boys to stop stepping on my heels? They think I am an enemy alien. It is getting tiresome." The FBI denied that Steinbeck was under investigation. In 1936, Steinbeck published the first of what came to be known as his Dustbowl trilogy, which included "Of Mice and Men" and "The Grapes of Wrath". This first novel tells the story of a fruit pickers' strike in California which is both aided and

title: Of Mice and Men

text: directed by Reza Mirlohi was adapted from and dedicated to John Steinbeck and his story. In 1981 a TV movie version was made, starring Randy Quaid as Lennie, and Robert Blake as George, and directed by Reza Badiyi. Another theatrical film version was made in 1992, directed by Gary Sinise, who was nominated for the Palme d'Or at Cannes. Sinise also played George in the film, and the role of Lennie was played by John Malkovich. For this adaptation, both men reprised their roles from the 1980 Steppenwolf Theatre Company production. The 1992 Malayalam film "Soorya Manasam" directed by Viji

title: John Steinbeck

text: "The Pearl", "Of Mice and Men" is one of Steinbeck's best known works. It was made into a movie three times, in 1939 starring Burgess Meredith, Lon Chaney Jr., and Betty Field, in 1982 starring Randy Quaid, Robert Blake and Ted Neeley, and in 1992 starring Gary Sinise and John Malkovich. The "Grapes of Wrath" is set in the Great Depression and describes a family of sharecroppers, the Joads, who were driven from their land due to the dust storms of the Dust Bowl. The title is a reference to the Battle Hymn of the Republic. Some critics found it

title: Of Mice and Men (opera)

text: Of Mice and Men (opera) Of Mice and Men is an opera in three acts by the American composer Carlisle Floyd. The English libretto was written by Floyd and is based on the novella of the same name by John Steinbeck. The opera was composed in 1969. "Of Mice and Men" was first performed on January 22, 1970 by the Seattle Opera at the Moore Theatre. The opera has been performed frequently within the United States. The work had its New York debut at the New York City Opera in 1983. In 2004, Albany Records produced a recording of the

title: John Steinbeck

text: John Steinbeck John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. (; February 27, 1902 – December 20, 1968) was an American author. He won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception." He has been called "a giant of American letters," and many of his works are considered classics of Western literature. During his writing career, he authored 27 books, including 16 novels, six non-fiction books, and two collections of short stories. He is widely known for the comic novels "Tortilla Flat" (1935) and "Cannery Row" (1945), the multi-generation epic

title: Of Mice and Men (1992 film)

text: on a sample of 28 reviews, with an average score of 8/10. Of Mice and Men (1992 film) Of Mice and Men is a 1992 American period drama film based on John Steinbeck's 1936 novella of the same name. Directed and produced by Gary Sinise, the film features Sinise as George Milton, alongside John Malkovich as Lennie Small, with Casey Siemaszko as Curley, John Terry as Slim, Ray Walston as Candy, Joe Morton as Crooks, and Sherilyn Fenn as Curley's wife. Horton Foote adapted the story for film. Its plot centers on George and the intellectually disabled Lennie, two farm

title: Of Mice and Men

text: Of Mice and Men is a novella written by author John Steinbeck. Published in 1937, it tells the story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to place in California in search of new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States.

title: Of Mice and Men (1992 film)

text: Of Mice and Men (1992 film) Of Mice and Men is a 1992 American period drama film based on John Steinbeck's 1936 novella of the same name. Directed and produced by Gary Sinise, the film features Sinise as George Milton, alongside John Malkovich as Lennie Small, with Casey Siemaszko as Curley, John Terry as Slim, Ray Walston as Candy, Joe Morton as Crooks, and Sherilyn Fenn as Curley's wife. Horton Foote adapted the story for film. Its plot centers on George and the intellectually disabled Lennie, two farm workers who travel together and dream of one day owning their own

title: Great Depression

text: writing, as authors have sought to evaluate an era that caused both financial and emotional trauma. Perhaps the most noteworthy and famous novel written on the subject is "The Grapes of Wrath", published in 1939 and written by John Steinbeck, who was awarded both the Nobel Prize for literature and the Pulitzer Prize for the work. The novel focuses on a poor family of sharecroppers who are forced from their home as drought, economic hardship, and changes in the agricultural industry occur during the Great Depression. Steinbeck's "Of Mice and Men" is another important novella about a journey during the

title: Of Mice and Men (1939 film)

text: play's box-office-conscious order that she behave like a hoyden." The staff at "Variety" magazine also reviewed the film favorably, writing, "Under skillful directorial guidance of Lewis Milestone, the picture retains all of the forceful and poignant drama of John Steinbeck's original play and novel, in presenting the strange palship and eventual tragedy of the two California ranch itinerants. In transferring the story to the screen, the scripter Eugene Solow eliminated the strong language and forthright profanity. Despite this requirement for the Hays whitewash squad, Solow and Milestone retain all of the virility of the piece in its original form." The

title: Of Wee Sweetie Mice and Men

text: of humour and sense of the ridiculous that his fans will relish". "Kirkus Reviews" took a similar stance, stating that the novel is "more relaxed and less wildly funny than "Divorcing Jack" or "Cycle of Violence" — but then that's what you'd expect when the brutality is only a game". Of Wee Sweetie Mice and Men Of Wee Sweetie Mice and Men is the second novel of the "Dan Starkey" series by Northern Irish author, Colin Bateman, released on 25 April 1996 through Harper Collins. The name of the novel is a reference to the John Steinbeck novella Of Mice

title: Book censorship in the United States

text: reasons for censorship, as noted by the Office of Intellectual Freedom, are "offensive language, racism, unsuited to age group, violence". A case against the novella began in Normal, Illinois in 2004 when a group of parents and community members in the school district, proposed a set of books that could be read instead of Steinbeck's novel that addressed the same themes as "Of Mice and Men", but did not have the racial slurs that the group objected to. The group also suggested that the book should be removed from the permanent, required reading list for a sophomore English curriculum, however,

title: John Steinbeck

text: novel, and the critical outcry when he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962, Steinbeck published no more fiction in the next six years before his death. In 1962, Steinbeck won the Nobel Prize for literature for his "realistic and imaginative writing, combining as it does sympathetic humor and keen social perception." The selection was heavily criticized, and described as "one of the Academy's biggest mistakes" in one Swedish newspaper. The reaction of American literary critics was also harsh. The "New York Times" asked why the Nobel committee gave the award to an author whose "limited talent is,

title: John Steinbeck

text: National Steinbeck Center in Salinas. John Steinbeck John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. (; February 27, 1902 – December 20, 1968) was an American author. He won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception." He has been called "a giant of American letters," and many of his works are considered classics of Western literature. During his writing career, he authored 27 books, including 16 novels, six non-fiction books, and two collections of short stories. He is widely known for the comic novels "Tortilla Flat" (1935) and "Cannery

title: John Steinbeck

text: decades. Another film based on the novella was made in 1992 starring Gary Sinise as George and John Malkovich as Lennie. Steinbeck followed this wave of success with "The Grapes of Wrath" (1939), based on newspaper articles about migrant agricultural workers that he had written in San Francisco. It is commonly considered his greatest work. According to "The New York Times", it was the best-selling book of 1939 and 430,000 copies had been printed by February 1940. In that month, it won the National Book Award, favorite fiction book of 1939, voted by members of the American Booksellers Association. Later

title: American literature

text: (1902–1968) was born in Salinas, California, where he set many of his stories. His style was simple and evocative, winning him the favor of the readers but not of the critics. Steinbeck often wrote about poor, working-class people and their struggle to lead a decent and honest life. "The Grapes of Wrath", considered his masterpiece, is a strong, socially-oriented novel that tells the story of the Joads, a poor family from Oklahoma and their journey to California in search of a better life. Other popular novels include "Tortilla Flat", "Of Mice and Men", "Cannery Row", and "East of Eden". He

title: John Steinbeck

text: realist fully equal to his predecessors Sinclair Lewis and Ernest Hemingway." Although modest about his own talent as a writer, Steinbeck talked openly of his own admiration of certain writers. In 1953, he wrote that he considered cartoonist Al Capp, creator of the satirical "Li'l Abner", "possibly the best writer in the world today." At his own first Nobel Prize press conference he was asked his favorite authors and works and replied: "Hemingway's short stories and nearly everything Faulkner wrote." In September 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson awarded Steinbeck Presidential Medal of Freedom. In 1967, at the behest of "Newsday"

title: Of Mice and Men


question: what types of cells go through binary fission

answers: domains of Archaea and Bacteria

answers: prokaryotic

title: Fission (biology)

text: mutations). Unlike the process of mitosis used by eukaryotic cells, binary fission takes place without the formation of a spindle apparatus on the cell. In binary fission the parental identity is lost. The process of binary fission in bacteria involves the following steps. First, the cell's DNA is replicated. The replicated DNA copies then move to opposite poles of the cell in an energy-dependent process. The cell lengthens. Then, the equatorial plane of the cell constricts and separates the plasma membrane such that each new cell has exactly the same genetic material. More specifically, the following steps occur: Binary fission

title: Cell growth

text: are sometimes called the two "nuclear division" processes. Binary fission is similar to eukaryote cell reproduction that involves mitosis. Both lead to the production of two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parental cell. Meiosis is used for a special cell reproduction process of diploid organisms. It produces four special daughter cells (gametes) which have half the normal cellular amount of DNA. A male and a female gamete can then combine to produce a zygote, a cell which again has the normal amount of chromosomes. The rest of this article is a comparison of the main

title: Fission (biology)

text: factors including nutrient availability and available space, so binary fission occurs at much lower rates in bacterial cultures once they enter the stationary phase of growth. Some organelles in eukaryotic cells reproduce using binary fission. Mitochondrial fission occurs frequently within the cell, even when the cell is not actively undergoing mitosis, and is necessary to regulate the cell's metabolism. Binary fission in organisms can occur in four ways, irregular,longitudinal, transverse, oblique. Multiple fission at the cellular level occurs in many protists, e.g. sporozoans and algae. The nucleus of the parent cell divides several times by amitosis, producing several nuclei. The

title: Asexual reproduction

text: of meiosis and the protective recombinational repair of DNA damage afforded as one function of meiosis. An important form of fission is binary fission, where the parent organism is replaced by two daughter organisms, because it literally divides in two. Only prokaryotes (the archaea and the bacteria) reproduce asexually through binary fission. Eukaryotes (such as protists and unicellular fungi) may reproduce in a functionally similar manner by mitosis; most of these are also capable of sexual reproduction. Multiple fission at the cellular level occurs in many protists, e.g. sporozoans and algae. The nucleus of the parent cell divides several times

title: Fission (biology)

text: is generally rapid though its speed varies between species. For "E. coli", cells typically divide about every 20 minutes at 37 °C. Because the new cells will, in turn, undergo binary fission on their own, the time binary fission requires is also the time the bacterial culture requires to double in the number of cells it contains. This time period can, therefore, be referred to as the doubling time. Some species other than "E. coli" may have faster or slower doubling times: some strains of "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" may have doubling times of nearly 100 hours. Bacterial growth is limited by

title: Fission (biology)

text: cytoplasm then separates, creating multiple daughter cells. Some parasitic, single-celled organisms undergo a multiple fission-like process to produce numerous daughter cells from a single parent cell. Isolates of the human parasite "Blastocystis hominis" were observed to begin such a process within 4 to 6 days. Cells of the fish parasite "Trypanoplasma borreli" have also been observed participating in both binary and multiple fission. In the apicomplexans, a phylum of parasitic protists, multiple fission, or schizogony, is manifested either as merogony, sporogony or gametogony. Merogony results in merozoites, which are multiple daughter cells, that originate within the same cell membrane, sporogony

title: Cell growth

text: features of the three types of cell reproduction that either involve binary fission, mitosis, or meiosis. The diagram below depicts the similarities and differences of these three types of cell reproduction. The DNA content of a cell is duplicated at the start of the cell reproduction process. Prior to DNA replication, the DNA content of a cell can be represented as the amount Z (the cell has Z chromosomes). After the DNA replication process, the amount of DNA in the cell is 2Z (multiplication: 2 x Z = 2Z). During Binary fission and mitosis the duplicated DNA content of the

title: Nuclear fission

text: of living cell division into two cells, which was then called binary fission. Just as the term nuclear "chain reaction" would later be borrowed from chemistry, so the term "fission" was borrowed from biology. On 22 December 1938, Hahn and Strassmann sent a manuscript to "Naturwissenschaften" reporting that they had discovered the element barium after bombarding uranium with neutrons. Simultaneously, they communicated these results to Meitner in Sweden. She and Frisch correctly interpreted the results as evidence of nuclear fission. Frisch confirmed this experimentally on 13 January 1939. For proving that the barium resulting from his bombardment of uranium with

title: Gene

text: Binary fission is extremely fast compared to the rates of cell division in eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cell division is a more complex process known as the cell cycle; DNA replication occurs during a phase of this cycle known as S phase, whereas the process of segregating chromosomes and splitting the cytoplasm occurs during M phase. The duplication and transmission of genetic material from one generation of cells to the next is the basis for molecular inheritance, and the link between the classical and molecular pictures of genes. Organisms inherit the characteristics of their parents because the cells of the offspring contain

title: Fission (biology)

text: results in sporozoites, and gametogony results in microgametes. Green algae can divide into more than two daughter cells. The exact number of daughter cells depends on the species of algae and is an effect of temperature and light. Most species of bacteria primarily undergo binary reproduction. Some species and groups of bacteria may undergo multiple fission as well, sometimes beginning or ending with the production of spores. The species "Metabacterium polyspora", a symbiont of guinea pigs, has been found to produce multiple endospores in each division. Some species of cyanobacteria have also been found to reproduce through multiple fission. Some

title: Nuclear fission

text: model is needed to mechanistically explain the route to the more energetically favorable outcome, in which one fission product is slightly smaller than the other. A theory of the fission based on shell model has been formulated by Maria Goeppert Mayer. The most common fission process is binary fission, and it produces the fission products noted above, at 95±15 and 135±15 u. However, the binary process happens merely because it is the most probable. In anywhere from 2 to 4 fissions per 1000 in a nuclear reactor, a process called ternary fission produces three positively charged fragments (plus neutrons) and

title: Cell growth

text: reproducing parental cell is separated into two equal halves that are destined to end up in the two daughter cells. The final part of the cell reproduction process is cell division, when daughter cells physically split apart from a parental cell. During meiosis, there are two cell division steps that together produce the four daughter cells. After the completion of binary fission or cell reproduction involving mitosis, each daughter cell has the same amount of DNA (Z) as what the parental cell had before it replicated its DNA. These two types of cell reproduction produced two daughter cells that have

title: Cell division

text: in the first division, and sister chromatids are separated in the second division. Both of these cell division cycles are used in the process of sexual reproduction at some point in their life cycle. Both are believed to be present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. Prokaryotes (bacteria) undergo a vegetative cell division known as binary fission, where their genetic material is segregated equally into two daughter cells. All cell divisions, regardless of organism, are preceded by a single round of DNA replication. For simple unicellular microorganisms such as the amoeba, one cell division is equivalent to reproduction – an

title: Mitochondrion

text: conditions. The hypothesis of mitochondrial binary fission has relied on the visualization by fluorescence microscopy and conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The resolution of fluorescence microscopy(~200 nm) is insufficient to distinguish structural details, such as double mitochondrial membrane in mitochondrial division or even to distinguish individual mitochondria when several are close together. Conventional TEM has also some technical limitations in verifying mitochondrial division. Cryo-electron tomography was recently used to visualize mitochondrial division in frozen hydrated intact cells. It revealed that mitochondria divide by budding. An individual's mitochondrial genes are not inherited by the same mechanism as nuclear genes. Typically, the

title: Robin Allshire

text: in the genetically tractable fission yeast. At the MRC HGU, Edinburgh (1990 - 2002), and subsequently at the Wellome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh (2002–present), he discovered that genes are silenced when placed within fission yeast centromeres and telomeres, and then utilised this gene silencing to gain fundamental insights into the processes of chromosome segregation, and heterochromatin and kinetochore CENP-A chromatin establishment and maintenance. He is particularly interested in the epigenetic mechanisms that allow the persistence of specialised chromatin domains through multiple cell divisions and meiosis. He has investigated how RNA interference (RNAi) mediates heterochromatin formation and

title: Blepharisma

text: string of beads). Like all ciliates, "Blepharisma" reproduce asexually, by binary fission, dividing transversally. Fission may occur spontaneously, as part of the vegetative cell cycle, or it may follow a sexual phenomenon called conjugation, a process through which genetic material is exchanged between cells. In conjugation, two organisms come into close contact, and a temporary cytoplasmic bridge forms between them. The micronuclei of each cell then undergo meiosis, and haploid micronuclei pass from one individual to the other. This permits the reshuffling of hereditary characteristics, as in other types of sexual reproduction. Conjugation is immediately followed by binary fission of

title: Nuclear fission

text: about 7 to 8 million electron volts (MeV) to initially overcome the nuclear force which holds the nucleus into a spherical or nearly spherical shape, and from there, deform it into a two-lobed ("peanut") shape in which the lobes are able to continue to separate from each other, pushed by their mutual positive charge, in the most common process of binary fission (two positively charged fission products + neutrons). Once the nuclear lobes have been pushed to a critical distance, beyond which the short range strong force can no longer hold them together, the process of their separation proceeds from

title: Susan Rae Wente

text: expression. Wente and her colleagues discuss the overall function of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). They discuss that NPCs are the only known means of exchange for materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm. They discuss the different types of nucleus to cytoplasm transport. They conclude that proper NPC development is essential for physiological functioning, which if damaged, could cause improper cell division. The article focuses largely on the issues surrounding the topic of NPC assembly and functioning. Wente and her colleagues provide the first evidence that the Ran GTPase cycle is essential in order to build the nuclear pore complex

title: Cell fusion

text: occurs with nuclear fusion, but in the absence of nuclear fusion, the cell would be described as a binucleated heterokaryon. A heterokaryon is the melding of two or more cells into one and it may reproduce itself for several generations. If two of the same type of cells fuse, but their nuclei do not fuse, then the resulting cell is called a syncytium. Heterotypic cell fusion occurs between cells of different types, making it the exact opposite of homotypic cell fusion. The result of this fusion is also a synkaryon produced by the merging of the nuclei, and a binucleated

title: Fission (biology)

text: Organisms in the domains of Archaea and Bacteria reproduce with binary fission. This form of asexual reproduction and cell division is also used by some organelles within eukaryotic organisms (e.g., mitochondria). Binary fission results in the reproduction of a living prokaryotic cell (or organelle) by dividing the cell into two parts, each with the potential to grow to the size of the original.

title: Cell fusion

text: the walls and cavities of the cells coalesce together. It was this observation that provided the first hint that cells fuse. It was not until 1960 that cell biologists deliberately fused cells for the first time. To fuse the cells, biologists combined isolated mouse cells, with the same kind of tissue, and induced fusion of their outer membrane using the Sendai virus (a respiratory virus in mice). Each of the fused hybrid cells contained a single nucleus with chromosomes from both fusion partners. Synkaryon became the name of this type of cell combined with a nucleus. In the late 1960s

title: Ternary fission

text: because of the extra energy present in the nuclear reaction system of thermal neutron-induced fission. Quaternary fission, at 1 per 10 million fissions, is also known (see below). The most common nuclear fission process is "binary fission." It produces two charged asymmetrical fission products with maximally probable charged product at 95±15 and 135±15 u atomic mass. However, in this conventional fission of large nuclei, the binary process happens merely because it is the most energetically probable. In anywhere from 2 to 4 fissions per 1000 in a nuclear reactor, the alternative ternary fission process produces three positively charged fragments (plus

title: Paul Nurse

text: cells with nuclei divide, they divide in phases called G1 (growth), S (synthesis), G2 (growth), and M (mitosis). Nurse, Hartwell and Hunt together discovered two proteins, cyclin and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK), that control the transition from one stage to another. These proteins are called checkpoints, because they check whether the cell has divided properly. If the cell doesn't divide correctly, other proteins will attempt to repair it, and if unsuccessful, they will destroy the cell. If a cell divides incorrectly and survives, it can cause cancer and other serious diseases. Working in fission yeast, Nurse identified the gene cdc2,

title: Asexual reproduction

text: binary fission (mitosis) as single-celled amoebae under favorable conditions. However, when conditions turn unfavorable, the cells aggregate and follow one of two different developmental pathways, depending on conditions. In the social pathway, they form a multi-cellular slug which then forms a fruiting body with asexually generated spores. In the sexual pathway, two cells fuse to form a giant cell that develops into a large cyst. When this macrocyst germinates, it releases hundreds of amoebic cells that are the product of meiotic recombination between the original two cells. The hyphae of the common mold ("Rhizopus") are capable of producing both mitotic

title: Microbial genetics

text: after about 200 fissions if the cells fail to undergo meiosis followed by either autogamy (self-fertilizaion) or conjugation (outcrossing) (see aging in "Paramecium"). DNA damage increases dramatically during successive clonal cell divisions and is a likely cause of clonal aging in "P. tetraurelia". When clonally aged "P. tetraurelia" are stimulated to undergo meiosis in association with either autogamy or conjugation, the progeny are rejuvenated, and are able to have many more mitotic binary fission divisions. During either of these processes the micronuclei of the cell(s) undergo meiosis, the old macronucleus disintegrates and a new macronucleus is formed by replication of

title: Binucleated cells

text: in binucleated cells have much higher rates of errors in chromosomal disjunction making it much more likely for cells to accumulate mutations. Binucleated cells Binucleated cells are cells that contain two nuclei. This type of cell is most commonly found in cancer cells and may arise from a variety of causes. Binucleation can be easily visualized through staining and microscopy. In general, binucleation has negative effects on cell viability and subsequent mitosis. They also occur physiologically in hepatocytes, chondrocytes and in fungi (dikaryon). Binucleated cells can be observed using microscopy. Cells must first be fixed to arrest them wherever they

title: Microbial genetics

text: inside their cells."Archaea replicate asexually in a process known as binary fission. The cell division cycle includes when chromosomes of daughter cells replicate. Because archea have a singular structure chromosome, the two daughter cells separate and cell divides. Archaea have motility include with flagella, which is a tail like structure. Archaeal chromosomes replicate from different origins of replication, producing two haploid daughter cells. " They share a common ancestor with bacteria, but are more closely related to eukaryotes in comparison to bacteria. Some Archaea are able to survive extreme environments, which leads to many applications in the field of genetics.

title: Schizosaccharomyces pombe

text: genome. Cell cycle regulation and division are crucial for growth and development of any cell. Fission yeast’s conserved genes has been heavily studied and the reason for many recent biomedical developments. Fission yeast is also a practical model system to observe cell division because fission yeast’s are cylindrically shaped single celled eukaryotes that divide and reproduce by medial fission. This can easily be seen using microscopy. Fission yeast also have an extremely short generation time, 2 to 4 hours, which also makes it an easy model system to observe and grow in the laboratory Fission yeast’s simplicity in genomic structure

title: Schizosaccharomyces pombe

text: happen until a new S (Synthetic) phase is launched. Fission yeast governs mitosis by mechanisms that are similar to those in multicellular animals. It normally proliferates in a haploid state. When starved, cells of opposite mating types (P and M) fuse to form a diploid zygote that immediately enters meiosis to generate four haploid spores. When conditions improve, these spores germinate to produce proliferating haploid cells. The general features of cytokinesis are shown here. The site of cell division is determined before anaphase. The anaphase spindle (in green on the figure) is then positioned so that the segregated chromosomes are

title: Schizosaccharomyces pombe

text: Wee1, preventing phosphorylation of Cdk1 and thereby leading to activation of CDK and mitotic entry. (This simplified diagram omits several other regulators of CDK activity.) Fission yeast switches mating type by a replication-coupled recombination event, which takes place during S phase of the cell cycle. Fission yeast uses intrinsic asymmetry of the DNA replication process to switch the mating type; it was the first system where the direction of replication was shown to be required for the change of the cell type. Studies of the mating-type switching system lead to a discovery and characterization of a site-specific replication termination site

title: Fission (biology)

short_answers:
domains of Archaea and Bacteria
prokaryotic


question: real name of daya in taarak mehta ka ooltah chashmah

answers: Disha Vakani

title: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

text: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah (English: Taarak Mehta's Inverted Spectacles) is one of the India's longest running sitcoms. It is produced by Neela Tele Films Private Limited. The show went on air on July 28, 2008. It airs from Monday to Friday on SAB TV. Reruns of the show started on Sony Pal from November 2, 2015. The show is based on the column "Duniya Ne Undha Chashma" written by real-life columnist and journalist/playwright Taarak Mehta for Gujarati weekly magazine "Chitralekha". Gokuldham Society is a residential society in Powder Galli, Goregaon, Mumbai with four wings:

title: Taarak Mehta

text: the stories in "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah". In 2008 SAB TV, a popular entertainment channel in India, started a sitcom "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah" that is based on his column, and soon it became the flagship show of the channel. Actor Shailesh Lodha portrays him in the show. Taarak Janubhai Mehta died at the age of 87 years on 1 March 2017 after prolonged illness. His family had donated his body for medical research. Taarak Mehta belonged to Nagar community. He lived in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, where he moved in 2000, with his second wife, Indu, of over 30

title: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

text: chart with 6961 tvt ratings. Polish Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Culture and National Heritage, Piotr Glinski visited the sets of Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah in February 2016. Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah (English: Taarak Mehta's Inverted Spectacles) is one of the India's longest running sitcoms. It is produced by Neela Tele Films Private Limited. The show went on air on July 28, 2008. It airs from Monday to Friday on SAB TV. Reruns of the show started on Sony Pal from November 2, 2015. The show is based on the column "Duniya

title: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

text: that a member of the society encounters, all the other members stand by them to extend every possible help. In an episode, the resolution of the problem that a character faces is usually followed by a moral message at the end by Taarak Mehta, which is meant for all the characters of the show as well as the viewers. The major part of the shooting is done in Mumbai. However, some parts of the show have also been shot in places such as Gujarat, New Delhi, Goa and in foreign locations such as London, Brussels, Paris and Hong Kong. To

title: Bhavya Gandhi

text: 2010 Hindi-spoken film "Striker". He was to debut in Gujarati cinema in 2017. He left "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah" to pursue a career as a film actor. According to "Indian Express" he state that the makers are ignoring his character in "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah." His Gujarati films debut was in "Pappa Tamne Nai Samjaay," released on 25 August 2017. It stars Manoj Joshi, Ketki Dave, and Johny Lever. He has an upcoming Gujarati drama film "Baap Kamaal Dikro Dhamaal" with Dharmesh Vyas, Ragi Jani and others, produced by Dharmessh Mehta Namanraj Productions. He is currently performing in

title: Shailesh Lodha

text: Shailesh Lodha Shailesh Lodha is an Indian actor, comedian and writer. He is known for playing the role of Taarak Mehta (a real life Gujarati columnist) in India's longest running sitcom serial "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah", since July 2008. Born to a government employee, Shyam Singh Lodha, in a middle class family, Lodha is married to a management author, Swati Lodha, and has a daughter - Swaara Lodha. Since his father was transferred to different places, Lodha travelled a lot. His mother loved reading and had a good vocabulary in Hindi. At the age of nine, Lodha was nicknamed

title: Neha Mehta

text: Neha Mehta Neha Mehta (born 9 June 1978) is an Indian television actress. She is best known for her role of Anjali Mehta in India's longest running sitcom TV serial "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah". Mehta was born in Bhavnagar, Gujarat. Mehta ancestrally belongs to Patan, Gujarat but was brought up in Vadodara and Ahmedabad. She comes from a family that has deep roots in Gujarati literature and she herself is a Gujarati speaker. Her father is a popular writer who inspired her to become an actress. She holds a degree in Masters in Performing arts (MPA), in Indian Classical

title: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

text: A Wing, B Wing, C Wing and D Wing. Although the society has 17 flats, the show revolves around the lives of eight families: There are also other recurring characters including Sundarlal (brother of Jethalal's wife Daya, from Ahmedabad, Gujarat) and his friends. Abdul, the shopkeeper of the provision store located outside the society entrance, reporter Rita Shrivastav from 'Kal Tak' a news channel, Inspector Chalu Pandey, Asit Kumarr Modi as himself, Jethalal's shop assistants - Natwarlal Prabhashankar Udhaiwala (Natu Kaka), his nephew Baagheshwar Dadu Udhaiwala (Baagha), who are often bent on doing the wrong job and Baagha's fiancee Bawri

title: Sonalika Joshi

text: actress. In 2008 she joined team of Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah. Joshi plays as Aatmaram Bhide's wife, Madhavi Bhide. Her husband is tuition teacher with moderate earning. To help in running the family she does small home business of 'pickle and papad'. Sonalika Joshi Sonalika Joshi (born 5 June 1969) is an Indian television actress. She is better known for her character of 'Madhavi Bhide' in India's longest running Sitcom TV serial Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah. Joshi was born on 5 June 1969, in a Hindu family. She has completed B.A. with History, Fashion Designing & Theatre. She

title: Shyam Pathak

text: studied and cleared the exam for the chartered accountancy course of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and does not have any interest in it. However, this was not something that interested him, and he subsequently joined the National School of Drama where he also met his wife, Reshami. He has been part of the comedy show Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah which airs on the SAB TV channel. He plays the role of Patrakar Popatlal, an ageing bachelor who works as a crime reporter for a newspaper called "Toofan Express". His constant efforts to find a bride for

title: Taarak Mehta

text: Taarak Mehta Taarak Janubhai Mehta was an Indian columnist, humorist, writer and playwright who is best known for the column "Duniya Ne Undha Chasma" ("દુનિયાને ઊંધા ચશ્મા") in the Gujarati language. He had translated and adapted several comedies into Gujarati, and had been well-known figure in the Gujarati theatre. The humorous weekly column first appeared in Chitralekha in March 1971 and ever since has been looking at contemporary issues from a different perspective. He had published 80 books, over the years, three books are based on the columns he wrote in Gujarati newspaper "Divya Bhaskar" while rest were compiled from

title: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

text: celebrate "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah" completing 1,000 episodes on 6 November 2012, the director "decided to shoot the film on a different canvas as he does not want the audience to feel that they are watching yet another episode of the serial." In February 2015, Joshi, Vakani, and Lodha hosted the red carpet at the 60th Britannia Filmfare Awards to promote the "Clean India" campaign. In 2010, the show beat "Balika Vadhu" to become the most watched television programme in India. The show has constantly achieved high ratings throughout its run, irrespective of the Indian Premier League. In the

title: Bhavya Gandhi

text: Bhavya Gandhi Bhavya Gandhi is an Indian actor. He is known for his portrayal of Tipendra Gada in the popular Indian sitcom "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah," which airs on SAB TV. He left the sitcom in February 2017 and his role of Tipendra Gada was taken over by Raj Anadkat. Gandhi appeared as Tipendra Jethalal Gada, (commonly known as Tappu) son of Jethalal Gada and Daya Jethalal Gada, the lead characters of the Indian sitcom "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah". He played the role from 2008 to 2017. Gandhi also played the role of child lead Suryakant in the

title: Shailesh Lodha

text: "Baal Kavi". He had an office job, but he left it to follow his passion, i.e writing poems. While performing live for Wah! Wah! Kya Baat Hai! at St. Andrews College, Asit Kumarr Modi met Lodha for the first time and offered him the role of Taarak Mehta in "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah". Lodha has completed BSc and PG in marketing. Lodha first appeared on "Comedy Circus" as a contestant, and later in "Comedy ka Mahamukabla". Since 28 July 2008, he has appeared in the sitcom "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah" as real-life columnist Taarak Mehta. Along with being

title: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

text: first week of 2017, the show stood in fourth position with 6,004 TVT ratings. In the fourth week, the show entered the top five and stood in fifth position with 6,059 TVT ratings. In March 2017, the show remained within the top five shows urban rural metrics. In the 25th week of 2017, the show stood at the top spot with 6,092 TVT ratings. In the 26th week of 2017, the show stood at third spot with 6,049 TVT ratings. It is the longest running scripted show on Indian television.In the 1st week of 2018 the show topped the trp

title: Tapasya Nayak Srivastava

text: Tapasya Nayak Srivastava Tapasya Nayak is an Indian television actress. She has worked in many other popular serials of SAB TV such as Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashma, Chidiya Ghar and Pritam Pyare aur Woh. She is appeared in Gokuldham Society has been facing water issues for quite some time now in SAB TV’s Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah. She was seen playing the lead role Mary in Pritam Pyare Aur Woh. She works in popular epic serial Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat and playing the role of Ahankara’s mother Nihaarika. She has been very much appreciated wearing Saree on many TV

title: Daya Nayak

text: Daya Nayak Daya Nayak is a police officer from Maharashtra, India. He joined Mumbai Police in 1995, and rose to fame as an encounter-specialist in the late 1990s. As a member of the Detection Unit, he gunned down more than 80 gangsters of the Mumbai underworld. In 2006, he was temporarily suspended, based on allegations of criminal links and disproportionate income by a journalist with underworld links. The Anti-Corruption Bureau could not find any evidence against him, and he was reinstated by the Mumbai Police in 2012. He was transferred to Nagpur in January 2014, and suspended in July 2015

title: Shailesh Lodha

text: the point of view of a jilted lover. Shailesh Lodha Shailesh Lodha is an Indian actor, comedian and writer. He is known for playing the role of Taarak Mehta (a real life Gujarati columnist) in India's longest running sitcom serial "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah", since July 2008. Born to a government employee, Shyam Singh Lodha, in a middle class family, Lodha is married to a management author, Swati Lodha, and has a daughter - Swaara Lodha. Since his father was transferred to different places, Lodha travelled a lot. His mother loved reading and had a good vocabulary in Hindi.

title: Tapasya Nayak Srivastava

text: serial. Tapasya Nayak Srivastava Tapasya Nayak is an Indian television actress. She has worked in many other popular serials of SAB TV such as Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashma, Chidiya Ghar and Pritam Pyare aur Woh. She is appeared in Gokuldham Society has been facing water issues for quite some time now in SAB TV’s Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah. She was seen playing the lead role Mary in Pritam Pyare Aur Woh. She works in popular epic serial Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat and playing the role of Ahankara’s mother Nihaarika. She has been very much appreciated wearing Saree on many

title: Disha Vakani

text: Disha Vakani (born 17 August 1978) is an Indian film and television actress.  She made her career as a stage actress in Gujarati plays like Kamal Patel v/s Dhamal Patel and Lali Lila. She has appeared in supporting roles in films like Devdas (2002) and Jodha Akbar (2008). She plays lead role of Daya Jethalal Gada in SAB TV's comedy show Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah since 2008.

title: Nupur Mehta

text: the Goa police against Nupur and Ankita about stealing her bag on September 20, 2009. Nupur Mehta Nupur Mehta is an Indian actress.Also known as "tiara" during her modeling times also she was credited in abara ka dabra film also.She was a part of the credited cast in Hindi movie Jo Bole So Nihaal. Nupur has also starred in TV advertisements for Fanta and Pirelli, and been part of a Fiat calendar. She was on the cover of Sportswear International’s June 2001 issue. Last year, she featured on the cover of one of India’s first Mills & Boons versions written

title: Neha Mehta

text: Dance and Diploma in Vocal and drama. Mehta did Gujarati theatre for many years. She started her Indian television career in 2001 Zee TV channel serial called "Dollar Bahu". From 2002 to 2008 she played title role in STAR Plus TV serial "Bhabhi". It was India's fourth longest running TV serial. Since 28 July 2008, she is playing the role of Anjali Mehta in SAB TV's television series "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah" which is currently her longest television run. Anjali Mehta is the wife of the narrator and main character in the show, Taarak Mehta. Her character is a

title: Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

text: Dhondulal Kanpuria. The members of the society and other characters have a good psychological bond of love and sympathy for one another that makes them live like members of one family. They are often seen celebrating festivals and participating in events together. Although they are shown to live the lives of typical Indian families, the characters, more often than not Jethalal Gada, tend to find themselves in trouble, cropping up from routine activities that intensify in a comical manner. The quirks of the individual characters seek to enhance the humour quotient of the show. Whatever the nature of the problem

title: Shweta Sinha

text: She received the Colors Golden Petal award for best actor in a comic fiction role for "Sasural Simar Ka." Shweta Sinha Shweta Sinha is an Indian actress and model, popularly knows as "Pari" for her role in the TV serial "Sasural Simar Ka" on Colors TV which she has been a part of since more than six years. She plays the role of Pari Bharadwaj which is a grey comic character. She has also worked in many popular Indian TV shows like "Maniben.com" on SAB TV, T"aarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah" on SAB TV, "Mata Ki Chowki" on Sahara One,

title: Surbhi Chandna

text: Surbhi Chandna Surbhi Chandna () is an Indian television actress. She got her breakthrough in Zee TV's Qubool Hai as Haya. She played the role of Annika in Star Plus's "Ishqbaaaz" as well as the spin-off of Ishqbaaaz, "Dil Boley Oberoi". She is a trained Bharatanatyam dancer. At the beginning of her career, Chandna did several ad-shoots and TV commercials. Despite having no background in acting, she started taking up small roles. In 2009 she had a cameo role in SAB TV's popular show Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah as Sweety. In 2013 she appeared in Star Plus's show "Ek

title: Daya Nayak

text: 2." Daya Nayak Daya Nayak is a police officer from Maharashtra, India. He joined Mumbai Police in 1995, and rose to fame as an encounter-specialist in the late 1990s. As a member of the Detection Unit, he gunned down more than 80 gangsters of the Mumbai underworld. In 2006, he was temporarily suspended, based on allegations of criminal links and disproportionate income by a journalist with underworld links. The Anti-Corruption Bureau could not find any evidence against him, and he was reinstated by the Mumbai Police in 2012. He was transferred to Nagpur in January 2014, and suspended in July

title: Ghanashyam Nayak

text: 350 Gujarati films.He has given his voice for veteran Legend actor Kanhaiyalal in Hindi movie 'Ek Aur Sangram' and Bhojpuri film 'Bairi Sawan'. Ghanashyam Nayak Ghanashyam Nayak is an Indian film and television actor. He has appeared in a number of tele serials as well as films. He is currently playing the role of Natwarlal Prabhashankar Undhaiwala a.k.a. Nattu Kaka in "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah". By qualification he is tenth pass. Ghanshyam Nayak has acted in approx 200 Gujarati & Hindi Films and around 350 Hindi Television serials. He has also acted in more than 100 Gujarati Stage Plays.

title: Vijaya Mehta

text: Vijaya Mehta Vijaya Mehta (born 4 November 1934) is a noted Indian film and theatre director and also an actor in many films from the Parallel Cinema. She is a founder member of Mumbai-based theatre group, Rangayan with playwright Vijay Tendulkar, and actors Arvind Deshpande and Shreeram Lagoo. She is most known for her acclaimed role in film "Party" (1984) and for her directorial ventures, "Rao Saheb" (1986) and "Pestonjee" (1988). As the founder member of theatre group, "Rangayan", she became a leading figure in the experimental Marathi theatre of the 1960s. Vijaya Mehta was born Vijaya Jaywant in Baroda,

title: Nimisha Mehta

text: Nimisha Mehta Nimisha Mehta is a British actress, model and dancer, of Indian descent, working in the Hindi film industry. She made her Hindi film debut in' "Days of Tafree"(remake of Gujarati super hit film Chhello Divas) in 2016. She is also known for her work as Aisha in A.I.SHA My Virtual Girlfriend. Mehta was born on 6 January 1990 in Ahmedabad, Gujarat but her and family moved to London, UK when she was 2 years old. She has an older sister named Krupali Shah. Nimisha did her schooling in London and graduated in BA Hons LLB Law from University

title: Sonalika Joshi

text: Sonalika Joshi Sonalika Joshi (born 5 June 1969) is an Indian television actress. She is better known for her character of 'Madhavi Bhide' in India's longest running Sitcom TV serial Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah. Joshi was born on 5 June 1969, in a Hindu family. She has completed B.A. with History, Fashion Designing & Theatre. She is married to Sameer Joshi and has two daughters, Arya and Ananya Joshi. She currently lives in Mumbai with her family. Joshi has acted in theatre plays early in her life. Later on she did Marathi TV serials and TV commercials and successful

title: Disha Vakani