question: where does what in the sam hill come from

answers: simple bowdlerization

title: Samuel Hill

text: Maryhill, Washington. Sam Hill was born into a Quaker family in Deep River, North Carolina. His family was displaced by the American Civil War and Sam grew up after the war in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Hill graduated from Haverford College in 1878 (also his father's alma mater). At Haverford he studied Latin, Greek, French, and German as well as mathematics, science, English literature, logic, rhetoric, and political science. He attended Harvard University for a year to receive a second bachelor's degree in 1879. At Harvard he continued his Latin and history (""Colonial History of America"" under Henry Cabot Lodge) and studied

title: Sam Hill (rugby union)

text: Sam Hill (rugby union) Sam Hill (born 1 July 1993) is a rugby union player for Exeter Chiefs in the Aviva Premiership. He made his debut for the club against Wasps on 28 January 2012 and he plays as a centre. Hill attended Cheriton Bishop Primary School before moving on to Queen Elizabeths Community College in Crediton. Having played for Crediton RFC until the age of 15, Sam was honoured to gain selection for England under 16s and moved to Ivybridge College sixth form for two years. Hill spent the early years of his professional career dual-registered with Cornish Pirates

title: Samuel W Hill

text: the cuss words. Eventually, the phrase "What in Sam Hill?" spread beyond the Keweenaw Peninsula to become part of the American language. Samuel W. Hill married Susan A. Warren, July 16, 1851. Miss Warren was a pioneer school teacher in the Upper Peninsula, and established the first school in the Keweenaw region. The Hills were to make their home in Marshall, Michigan. Hill later served in the Michigan legislature, being twice elected. Samuel W Hill Samuel W. Hill, (November 6, 1815 – August 28, 1889) was an American surveyor, geologist and mining developer in Michigan's Copper Country. Samuel Worth Hill

title: Sam Hill House (Seattle)

text: Sam Hill House (Seattle) Sam Hill House is a historic, privately owned home located in Seattle, Washington's Capitol Hill neighborhood. The property forms part of the city-designated Harvard-Belmont Landmark District. The concrete building was constructed between 1909 and 1910 by railroad magnate Sam Hill in preparation for a planned visit to Seattle by a member of the Belgian royal family. Following Hill's 1931 death, the home remained vacant until its purchase in 1937 by Theodore and Guendolen Plestcheeff. Guendolen Plestcheeff, a notable local preservationist, remained resident at the property until her death in 1994. In 2016 the home went on

title: Samuel Hill

text: across the Columbia River was named the Sam Hill Memorial Bridge. Sam Hill was also a strong advocate of better roads for Japan, and of Japanese-American friendship, which earned him the Third Class Order of the Sacred Treasure in 1922. Sam Hill built two notable monuments and an art museum, and purchased the private Minneapolis Athenaeum and donated it to the city. The Stonehenge replica at Maryhill commemorates the dead of World War I. It was built by Hill as a reminder that in the present day people are still being sacrificed to the god of war. Hill began to

title: Samuel Hill

text: which was eventually demolished for the construction of the Bonneville Dam. Sam arranged a marriage of convenience for Mona Bell to his cousin Edgar Hill, again allowing his child to be raised as legitimate, and this time as a legal member of his natural father's family. Hill's biographer John E. Tuhy ("Sam Hill: The Prince of Castle Nowhere", 1983) occasionally questions aspects of Hill's own account of his life and doings or finds contradictions in anecdotes told at various times. He believes that Hill was at least somewhat manic-depressive and sees strong signs of a manic, or at least hypomanic,

title: Sam H. Hill

text: Sam H. Hill Samuel Houston Hill (November 20, 1898 – March 14, 1978) was an American football and basketball coach. Hill was the 14th head football coach for Fairmont College and the University of Wichita (now Wichita State University) located in Wichita, Kansas and he held that position for four seasons, from 1923 until 1924 and again from 1928 until 1929. Fairmount College became the Municipal University of Wichita in 1926. His overall coaching record at Fairmount & Wichita was 14 wins, 14 losses, and 5 ties. This ranks him ninth at Wichita State in terms of total wins and

title: Sam Hill (cyclist)

text: riding in unfavorable conditions, Sam admits that he rarely rides in the rain. In an interview with Steve Jones of Dirt Magazine featured in the film 'Earthed 5: The Law of Fives', when asked if it rained that hard in Australia and if he was used to riding in such conditions Sam replied "I don't even see a raindrop when I'm in Australia". Jones then asked "So you never ride in the rain?" Hill's reply was simply, "My bike gets muddy". Sam Hill came into this race the reigning world champion. With four riders left on the hill Sam Hill

title: Samuel Hill

text: Samuel Hill Samuel Hill (13 May 1857 – 26 February 1931), usually known as Sam Hill, was an American businessman, lawyer, railroad executive, and advocate of good roads. He substantially influenced the Pacific Northwest region's economic development in the early 20th century. His projects include the Peace Arch, a monument to 100 years of peace between the United States and Canada, on the border between Blaine, Washington, and Surrey, British Columbia, and the Maryhill Museum of Art. Although his promotion of paved modern roads is possibly his greatest legacy, he is now best remembered for building the Stonehenge replica in

title: Sam Hill House (Seattle)

text: sale for $15 million. Sam Hill House (Seattle) Sam Hill House is a historic, privately owned home located in Seattle, Washington's Capitol Hill neighborhood. The property forms part of the city-designated Harvard-Belmont Landmark District. The concrete building was constructed between 1909 and 1910 by railroad magnate Sam Hill in preparation for a planned visit to Seattle by a member of the Belgian royal family. Following Hill's 1931 death, the home remained vacant until its purchase in 1937 by Theodore and Guendolen Plestcheeff. Guendolen Plestcheeff, a notable local preservationist, remained resident at the property until her death in 1994. In 2016

title: Samuel Hill

text: a golf course and a large, simple restaurant at Semiahmoo, just north of the U.S.–Canada border and Hill's Peace Arch. The restaurant was basically an early fast food establishment. During Prohibition the restaurant benefited from being on the Canadian side of the border, where alcoholic beverages could be served legally. Sam Hill devoted much attention to advocating construction of modern roads in Washington and Oregon. In September 1899 Hill created the Washington State Good Roads Association which persuaded the Washington State Legislature to create the Washington State Department of Transportation in 1905. He also advocated the use of convict labor

title: Samuel Hill

text: designed his own monument. His original monument did not last, and has since been replaced. Samuel Hill Samuel Hill (13 May 1857 – 26 February 1931), usually known as Sam Hill, was an American businessman, lawyer, railroad executive, and advocate of good roads. He substantially influenced the Pacific Northwest region's economic development in the early 20th century. His projects include the Peace Arch, a monument to 100 years of peace between the United States and Canada, on the border between Blaine, Washington, and Surrey, British Columbia, and the Maryhill Museum of Art. Although his promotion of paved modern roads is

title: Khao Sam Muk

text: was lost at sea. Another legend tells that in the 18th century a poor Chinese girl named Sam Muk jumped to her death from the cliff after her parents objected to her marriage to her lover, becoming deified after her death. In some versions both the girl and her lover threw themselves from the escarpment. Sam Muk hill appears in somewhat stylized form in the provincial seal of Chonburi. Khao Sam Muk Khao Sam Muk (เขาสามมุข), is a 45 m high hill in Chonburi Province, Thailand. It is in Chonburi city on Bangkok Bay between Ang Sila and Bang Saen

title: Samuel Hill

text: that their children would be raised Catholic. Sam was a Quaker, but over the next decade or two he maintained excellent relations with various Catholic clergy – even some close friendships. Their marriage was never a love-match and by 1900 when Sam had decided to settle in Seattle, the marriage was coming apart. Mary left Sam in Seattle and moved back to the Minneapolis-St. Paul area with their children; she eventually moved to Washington, D.C.. Mary never returned to Seattle, but up to 1907 Sam continued to visit her in the Midwest or back East at least twice a year.

title: Sam Hill (cyclist)

text: Sam Hill (cyclist) Sam Hill (born 21 July 1985 in Viveash, Western Australia), is an Australian professional enduro mountain biker and former professional downhill racer. He was two time consecutive UCI World Downhill Champion during years 2006–2007 for Iron Horse racing team. He won the 2010 world championships in Mont Saint Anne, riding for the Monster Energy Specialized team on a Specialized Demo 8 II. He also won the 2007 and 2009 UCI Elite Men's Downhill World Cup (Overall). In December 2012 it was announced that Hill had signed for the Chain Reaction Cycles/Nukeproof team. As of 2016, Hill has

title: Sam Hill (rugby union)

text: to aid his player development. Hill has been a regular for England juniors going back to his try scoring debut against the Namibia invitational XV. Hill has also recently been selected to play for England Saxons gaining one cap prompting a call up to England's pre-tour training squad to New Zealand. Hill received his first call up to the senior England squad by new coach Eddie Jones on 13 January 2016 for the 2016 Six Nations Championship. Sam Hill (rugby union) Sam Hill (born 1 July 1993) is a rugby union player for Exeter Chiefs in the Aviva Premiership. He

title: Sam Hill (cyclist)

text: Kaprun, Austria. In 2003, aged just 18, Hill won both the Australian and Oceania Downhill Championships in the Elite category. He then went on to successfully defend his Junior World Champion title in Lugano, Switzerland. He starred in the 2010 mountain bike movie "Follow Me". Sam Hill is known for his skill in riding steep, technical courses as opposed to flatter courses that require pedaling. He has regularly won on one of the steeper, more technical tracks on the World Cup Circuit, Schladming. His famous run in Champery (2007) is also testament to his remarkably high skill level on technical

title: My Side of the Mountain (film)

text: there. Sam's immediate companion is Gus, his pet raccoon, which lives with him in the city. He gathers supplies at a local store, hops on a bus, and heads down the 401 with Gus to what he calls "the Laurentian Mountains of Quebec". In actuality he ends up in the picturesque town of Knowlton, Quebec, southeast of Montreal, in the Notre Dame Mountains Range of the northern Appalachian Mountains chain along the eastern coast of North America from northern Georgia. Here he finds the perfect mountain stream and pond location to build a home in an old dead tree. He

title: Samuel Hill

text: manager James J. Hill, who hired Sam to represent the railway. In 1888 Sam Hill married James Hill's eldest daughter Mary. For over a decade, Hill played an important role in his father-in-law's business endeavors, both at the Great Northern and as president of the Minneapolis Trust Company. However, around 1900 they had some type of falling out, the nature and degree of which is unclear; it is not even clear whether the falling out was over business matters, Sam and Mary's difficult marriage, or possible early symptoms of Sam's manic tendencies. In any event, the break was not a

title: Samanar Hills

text: which both Jain monks and nuns studied. The kings from the Pandyan Dynasty, who ruled Madurai, visited the academy. The Kannada students and senior monks from Shravanabelagola also stayed there. In the foothills, there is a Karuppanasamy temple and lotus pond. Some idols made by Jain monks are in Karuppanasamy temple. The caves in the hill have been damaged by illegal quarrying in the region. Samanar Hills Samanar Hills or Samanar Malai is a hill rock complex located in Keelakuyilkudi village, from Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. The hill has been declared as a protected monument by the Archaeological Survey of

title: Khao Sam Muk

text: Khao Sam Muk Khao Sam Muk (เขาสามมุข), is a 45 m high hill in Chonburi Province, Thailand. It is in Chonburi city on Bangkok Bay between Ang Sila and Bang Saen Beach. There is a Chinese shrine on the hilltop which affords views of the surrounding landscape, including Bang Saen Beach, and there is another shrine at the foot of the escarpment. Khao Sam Muk has symbolic significance in Chonburi. Local people believe that the spirit of that mountain protects fishers from harm. One legend tells that the wife of a fisherman waited on the hill for her husband who

title: Government Depot Site, Rooty Hill

text: William Freame wandered much in these parts collecting information from old residents. In 1931 in an article in a country newspaper on place names he wrote regarding the name: "Old hands assure me that the hill received its name from the roots and other debris left around its bare fields when the Eastern Creek was in flood, and this appears to be a very reasonable deduction." Mrs Hawkins description quoted later in the derivation does not appear reasonable. Captain J H Watson's version, he as a young man having been in India, and he derives the name from "ruti", the

title: Sam H. Hill

text: 14th at Wichita State in terms of winning percentage. Hill also served as the head football coach at Wesleyan University from 1925 to 1926, compiling a record of 5 wins and 10 losses at that institution. Sam H. Hill Samuel Houston Hill (November 20, 1898 – March 14, 1978) was an American football and basketball coach. Hill was the 14th head football coach for Fairmont College and the University of Wichita (now Wichita State University) located in Wichita, Kansas and he held that position for four seasons, from 1923 until 1924 and again from 1928 until 1929. Fairmount College became

title: Church Hill (Lexington, Virginia)

text: Church Hill (Lexington, Virginia) Church Hill, also known as Timber Ridge Plantation, is a historic plantation house located near Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia. It was built circa 1848, and is a two-story, three bay, rectangular brick Greek Revival style dwelling. It has a one-story, rear kitchen ell. The house features stuccoed Doric order pilasters at the corners and midpoints of the long sides. Timber Ridge Plantation was the birthplace of Sam Houston (1793-1863). On the property is a non-contributing log building which tradition claims was constructed from logs salvaged from the Sam Houston birthplace cabin. The cabin is believed to

title: Sam Hill (euphemism)

text: Sam Hill is an American English slang phrase, a euphemism or minced oath for "the devil" or "hell" personified (as in, "What in the Sam Hill is that?"). Etymologist Michael Quinion and others date the expression back to the late 1830s; they and others consider the expression to have been a simple bowdlerization, with, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, an unknown origin.

title: Samuel Hill

text: number of ventures in the Pacific Northwest. Sam Hill was an "inveterate globetrotter". He was fluent in German, French, and Italian, and learned at least a moderate amount of Russian. Hill made at least fifty separate trips to Europe in the course of his lifetime and visited Japan nine times between 1897 and 1922. All of Hill's extensive travels were during an era when transportation was limited to surface vehicles and vessels. In the early 20th century, Hill was the only American member of the Geographic Society of Germany. He continually gathered harbor depth soundings and information about ocean temperatures

title: Samuel Hill

text: build a mansion at Maryhill, but the project was not completed in his lifetime due to a combination of financial reversals and his frustration at the State of Washington's failure to build a road on the north bank of the Columbia or to otherwise make the area readily accessible. At the urging of his friend Loie Fuller, Sam decided re-purpose the building as an art museum. The museum was dedicated by Queen Marie of Romania in 1926, but did not open to the public until 1940, nine years after Hill's death. The Peace Arch, where today's Interstate 5 highway crosses

title: Samsun Amisos Hill Gondola

text: Samsun Amisos Hill Gondola The Samsun Amisos Hill Gondola () is a two-station aerial lift line of gondola type in Samsun serving the nearby hilltop Amisos. The long line was constructed in eight months by the Turkish company STM Sistem Teleferik from İzmir, which delivered also the technical equipment. The construction of the line completed in October 2005. Spanning over Atatürk Boulevard towards south, the gondola lift line connects Batıpark (literally: West Park) on the Black Sea shore, a large urban park on land reclaimed from the sea, with Amisos Hill (), an archaeological site. At Amisos Hill, tumuli called

title: Sam Hill Memorial Bridge

text: Sam Hill Memorial Bridge The Sam Hill Memorial Bridge, also known as the Biggs Rapids Bridge, is a steel truss bridge that carries U.S. Route 97 (US 97) across the Columbia River between Biggs Junction, Oregon in Sherman County and Maryhill, Washington in Klickitat County. It was named in honor of the early bridge proponent and builder of the nearby Maryhill Museum of Art, Sam Hill. The bridge was opened on November 1, 1962 after two years of construction. It was initially a toll bridge, but the tolls were removed in 1975. The bridge was closed during part of 2007-2008

title: Jerry Hill (politician)

text: 1991, he led a successful campaign for a seat on the San Mateo City Council. During Hill’s tenure on the San Mateo City Council he authored a City of San Mateo ordinance that regulated the sale of tobacco and restricted smoking in public places. While a member of the city council and as Mayor of San Mateo, Hill also served as a board member for San Mateo Transit District (SamTrans) and the Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Authority (Caltrain). Hill served a term as mayor in 1994 Elected to the San Mateo County Board of Supervisors in 1998, Hill worked with

title: Sam Hill (euphemism)


question: the vast interior rural area of australia is known as the

answers: The Outback

answers: Outback

title: Melaleuca interioris

text: Lyndley Craven and Brendan Lepschi in "Australian Systematic Botany" from a specimen collected north of Leinster in Western Australia. The specific epithet ("interioris") refers to the interior of Australia, where this species is found. This melaleuca occurs in the central parts of Western Australia, the central parts of South Australia, the southern half of the Northern Territory, far west of New South Wales and the far south-west corner of Queensland. It grows in shrubland in red sand on the edges of salt lakes, and near ephemeral creeks, claypans and floodplains. "Melaleuca interioris" is listed as "not threatened" by the Government

title: Australia

text: coastline. Eastern Australia is marked by the Great Dividing Range, which runs parallel to the coast of Queensland, New South Wales and much of Victoria. The name is not strictly accurate, because parts of the range consist of low hills, and the highlands are typically no more than in height. The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. These include the western plains of New South Wales, and the Einasleigh Uplands, Barkly Tableland, and Mulga Lands of inland Queensland. The northernmost

title: Rural health care in Australia

text: Rural health care in Australia Rural health care in Australia involves the delivery of health services by private, community and public hospitals in areas classified as rural and remote. Researchers note that the health of those living in rural areas is quantitatively and qualitatively different to those living in major metropolitan areas. These differences include often significant gaps in service delivery, accessibility and lower health outcomes. Rural areas and those who live in them are often understood as living in a spatially, economically, socially and culturally distinct group, although there are criticisms of this perspective. Despite the questions about the

title: National Rural Health Alliance

text: (Federal) Government Department of Health. The Alliance's work has remained independent of government and is controlled and managed by its member bodies, through its Council. Current members of Council at any given time are listed on the Alliance's website. The Alliance's interests and constituency are the communities of rural and remote Australia. Rural and remote areas are defined (arbitrarily) by the Alliance as all those places except the nine capital cities and the regional conurbations of Townsville, the Gold Coast, Newcastle, the Central Coast, Wollongong and Geelong. Australia has various formal classification systems of the geographic continuum from 'metropolitan' to

title: Rural City of Benalla

text: Rural City of Benalla The Rural City of Benalla is a local government area in the Hume region of Victoria, Australia, located in the north-east part of the state. It covers an area of and, at the 2016 Census had a population of almost 14,000. It includes the towns of Baddaginnie, Benalla, Devenish, Goorambat, Major Plains, Swanpool, Tatong, Thoona, Warrenbayne and Winton. It was formed in 2002 from the de-amalgamation of the Shire of Delatite into the current rural city and the Shire of Mansfield. The Rural City is governed and administered by the Benalla Rural City Council; its seat

title: Parish of Goorooyarroo

text: each called Goorooyarroo (NSW) and Mulligan's Flat / Goorooyarroo Nature Reserve (ACT), which were originally part of the parish. In Mulligans Flat Nature Reserve within the ACT, the Mulligan's Flat - Goorooyarroo Woodland Experiment is conducting research into remnant plant and animal life in the area, notably reintroduction of the eastern bettong (marsupial) and brown treecreeper (bird), and remnant yellow box ("Eucalyptus melliodora") and Blakely's red gum ("Eucalyptus blakelyi"). This study is led from the Fenner School of Environment and Society at the Australian National University, along with involvement from the CSIRO and ACT Government. Parish of Goorooyarroo Goorooyarroo Parish

title: Geography of Australia

text: Geography of Australia The geography of Australia encompasses a wide variety of biogeographic regions being the world's smallest continent but the sixth-largest country in the world. The population of Australia is concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts. The geography of the country is extremely diverse, ranging from the snow-capped mountains of the Australian Alps and Tasmania to large deserts, tropical and temperate forests. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and the French dependency of New Caledonia to the east, and New Zealand to the southeast. Australia is a

title: Rural health care in Australia

text: framing of rural and remote areas and health services as 'other' to the metropolitan norm or majority, the framing does "highlight a serious social and equity issue," particularly the gap in access and health outcomes for rural and remote populations. Rural and remote areas of Australia are classified according to a number of different schemes in relation to health care services and reporting. Rural areas are classified by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare as those extending from large rural centres (urban centre population 25,000-99,999) through to rural areas with an urban centre population of less than 10,000. Remote

title: Kimberley (Western Australia)

text: Kuri Bay to Wallal Downs. Significant sections of the coastline between Broome and Wyndham have no means of road access, and boat or helicopter are the only means. Due to the isolation a number of tourist operations on the coastline have been called "wilderness" locations. The rugged and varied sandstone landscape is home to a distinctive mixture of wildlife which has been thoroughly mapped and described by the Western Australian Department of Conservation and Land Management. There are similar habitats to the Kimberley across the border in the Northern Territory including the valleys of the Victoria and Daly Rivers but

title: Gippsland

text: areas of State forest that contribute towards conservation objectives. Gippsland Gippsland is an economic rural region of Victoria, Australia, located in the south-eastern part of that state. It covers an area of , and lies to the east of the eastern suburbs of Greater Melbourne, to the north of Bass Strait, to the west of the Tasman Sea, to the south of the Black-Allan Line that marks part of the Victorian/New South Wales border, and to the east and southeast of the Great Dividing Range that lies within the Hume region and the Victorian Alps. Gippsland is generally broken down

title: South Australia

text: South Australia South Australia (abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, and fifth largest by population. It has a total of 1.7 million people, and its population is the most highly centralised of any state in Australia, with more than 75 percent of South Australians living in the capital, Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the

title: Far West (New South Wales)

text: Far West (New South Wales) The Far West region of New South Wales, Australia refers generally to a fairly flat and low-lying area in the western part of the state, which is too dry to support wheat or other crops or intensive pastoral endeavours. It is west of the North West Slopes, Central West and the Riverina. It is an area with limited rainfall, and the only major rivers found in it are the Darling River and the Murray River (on its southern edge), which originate in the Great Dividing Range to the east. The region corresponds to the combination

title: Great Western Woodlands

text: Great Western Woodlands The Great Western Woodlands is the largest and healthiest temperate (Mediterranean climate) woodland remaining on Earth. Located in the southwest of Australia, the woodlands cover almost , a region larger in size than England and Wales. The boundary of the Great Western Woodlands runs from the Nullarbor Plain in the east to the Western Australian Wheatbelt in the west; from north of Esperance through to the inland mulga country and deserts that are found north of Kalgoorlie. The boundaries of this region were established by researchers from the Australian National University working with The Wilderness Society and

title: Pied honeyeater

text: interior and the eastern parts of South Australia. Birdlife Australia Atlas project data between 1998 and 2014 indicates that the pied honeyeater is found principally in a band below approximately 18 ° S which extends roughly from central Queensland, central NSW and central Victoria in the east and across to the Western Australian coastline (Birdlife Australia 2014). Widely considered as nomadic and categorized by Keast (1968) as a ‘desert nomad’, the pied honeyeater has more recently been found to be both sedentary–resident and irruptive (eds Higgins et al. 2001), turning up occasionally in numbers far outside its “normal” range in

title: Special Rural Properties, Western Australia

text: locally known as a "hobby farm" for people used to living in the city for a fraction of the cost of a real working farm. People who have these hobby farms are aften referred to "Tree Changers" characterized as being tired of living in the city and desiring to live a rural country life. Special Rural Properties are often close to the city or smaller townships throughout Western Australia. There are many places such as Beverley, Lower Chittering, Chittering, Leschenault and Woodridge that have Special Rural Properties as well as property developers that specialise in creating Special Rural Properties. Special

title: Bowraville, New South Wales

text: Keep Australia Beautiful - Tidy Towns. The Indigenous Gumbaynggirr and Ngaku people have inhabited the area for thousands of years, and today around 15% of the population are Indigenous Australians. The Gumbaynggirr lands cover an area of the Mid North Coast from the Nambucca River to as far north as the Clarence River (Grafton), west to Armidale and eastward to the Pacific coast. The area was mostly subtropical rainforest until the arrival of Europeans. The word Bowra comes from the Gumbaynggirr place name, "Bawrrung", which possibly means cabbage tree palm. Other definitions given have been 'bullrout fish', 'scrub turkey' or

title: Western Australia

text: Western Australia Western Australia (abbreviated as WA) is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, and the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of 2,529,875 square kilometres (976,790 sq mi), and the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. The state has about 2.6 million inhabitants around 11% of the national total of whom the vast majority (92%) live

title: East Gippsland

text: more typical of inland New South Wales and Victoria are found here. Errinundra National Park is much wetter - inaccessible from June to October in most years - and features some of the most ancient forests in Australia, a matter of controversy as employment in the remote areas east of the Snowy is mainly dependent upon timber milling. Croajingolong National Park between Marlo and Mallacoota features extensive coastal heathlands and tea tree scrub, as well as the only major area of warm temperate rainforest in Victoria. The 4,193 km² of privately owned land is mainly red gum plains, coastal plains,

title: Coopracambra National Park

text: Mount Kaye, with an elevation of , and Mount Denmarsh, with an elevation of . Combined with the adjoining South East Forests National Park located in New South Wales, the Coopracambra National Park forms one of the largest contiguous areas of high quality wilderness in south-eastern Australia that spans from in New South Wales to the town of Cann River in Victoria. Coopracambra National Park The Coopracambra National Park is a national park located in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. The national park is situated approximately east of Melbourne and south of Canberra, near the town of . The

title: Dryandra Woodland

text: Dryandra Woodland The Dryandra Woodland is a nature conservation area in Western Australia within the Shires of Cuballing, Williams and Wandering, about south-east of Perth and north-west of the town of Narrogin. It is a complex of 17 distinct blocks managed by the Western Australian Department of Parks and Wildlife and spread over approximately separated by areas of agricultural land. The area is considered to be one of the state's major conservation areas, and although it is far from pristine due to its history of logging operations, a number of species of threatened fauna are rebuilding populations through the removal

title: Golden Triangle (New South Wales)

text: Golden Triangle (New South Wales) The Golden Triangle of NSW is an informal locality situated in northwestern New South Wales, Australia. With a reputation for being prime agricultural land, particularly for cereal crops such as wheat and barley, where the term "Golden" is derived. The agricultural community generally regards this region as being East of the Newell Highway and taking area between the villages of North Star, Croppa Creek and Crooble. Other descriptions widen the area to between the better known towns of Boggabilla, Warialda and Moree, New South Wales. Less creditable is the description of being the region bounded

title: Flora of Australia

text: as land clearing for agriculture. The dominant vegetation type in Australia is the hummock grasslands that occur extensively in arid Western Australia, South Australia and the Northern Territory. It accounts for 23% of the native vegetation, the predominant species of which are from the genus "Triodia". "Zygochloa" also occurs in inland sandy areas like the Simpson Desert. A further 39% of native vegetation is covered by a combination of: Other groups with restricted areas of less than 70,000 square kilometres include tropical or temperate rainforest and vine thickets, tall or open eucalypt forests, Callitris and Casuarina forests, and woodlands and

title: Canowie Belt, South Australia

text: Canowie Belt, South Australia Canowie Belt is a rural locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, situated in the Regional Council of Goyder. It was established in August 2000, when boundaries were formalised for the "long established local name". The name is adapted from "Kanya-owie", an Aboriginal word for "rock waterhole", and was associated with the Canowie Station pastoral lease. A school at Canowie Belt opened as "Yongala Blocks" in 1904 and closed in 1967. The school had suffered early difficulties when it was found that the walls "cracked badly" after only ten weeks of usage. Canowie Belt

title: Central Australia

text: Central Australia Central Australia, also known as the Alice Springs Region, is one of the five regions in the Northern Territory of Australia. The term Central Australia is used to describe an area centred on Alice Springs. It is sometimes referred to as Centralia; likewise the people of the area are sometimes called Centralians. The region is located in the southern part of the Northern Territory spanning from the west on the Western Australian Border to the east on the Queensland border. The main town in Central Australia is Alice Springs; however, this area also includes all of the desert

title: Outback

text: The Outback is the vast, remote interior of Australia. The term "the Outback" is generally used to refer to locations that are comparatively more remote than those areas named "the bush" which, colloquially, can refer to any lands outside the main urban areas.

title: Willandra National Park

text: Willandra National Park The Willandra National Park is a protected national park that is located in the Far West region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The national park is situated approximately west of Sydney and comprises flat grassy plain bounded to the north by Willandra Creek, which is a tributary of the Lachlan River. The Willandra National Park was established in May 1972. It is relatively remote, being located about northwest of , and by road from . The surrounding district is used primarily for extensive grazing of sheep and cattle. Most roads in the area are unsealed

title: Wadbilliga National Park

text: Wadbilliga National Park Wadbilliga National Park is a national park that is located in high country spanning the Monaro and South Coast regions of south-eastern New South Wales, Australia. Wadbilliga National Park is located southwest of Sydney via Cobargo, and south east of Canberra. The nearest towns are Narooma and Cobargo in the east, and Cooma on the plateau in the west. Wadbilliga is a wilderness area, and much of its protected area is in a near pristine state. Featuring rugged gorges and gullies. Suited to overnight camping and wilderness walking (only for the most experienced and well prepared). Areas

title: Australia

text: Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the largest country in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. The population of / 1000000 round 0 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest city is Sydney. The country's other

title: Bush carpentry

text: chips and bits of bark, inserted under the lower side. The milk is covered by soiled sheets of old newspapers supported on sticks laid across the dishes. This protection is necessary, because the box bark in the roof has crumbled away and left fringed holes—also because the fowls roost up there. Sometimes the paper sags, and the cream may have to be scraped off an article on dairy farming.' In Australian parlance, 'the bush' includes not only all remote and rural areas, but ways of living there, especially the limitations and hardships endured. Even though remote areas in contemporary Australia

title: Western Australia

text: <br> Western Australia Western Australia (abbreviated as WA) is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, and the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of 2,529,875 square kilometres (976,790 sq mi), and the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. The state has about 2.6 million inhabitants around 11% of the national total of whom the vast majority (92%)

title: Outback

short_answers:
Outback
The Outback


question: where is the love meaning of the song

answers: lament on various worldwide problems

title: Where Is the Love?

text: Where Is the Love? "Where Is the Love?" is a song by American hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas. It was released in June 2003 as the lead single from their third album, "Elephunk". The song was written by will.i.am, apl.de.ap, Taboo, Justin Timberlake, Printz Board, Michael Fratantuno and George Pajon. The track features vocals from Timberlake, although he is not officially credited on the single release. It was the group's first song to feature singer Fergie as an official member. "Where Is the Love?" saw success on radio airplay charts, peaked at number eight on the US "Billboard"

title: Where Is the Love?

text: release, the song re-entered the official UK singles charts at 40, eventually peaking at 35. The music video for "Where Is the Love?" was shot in East Los Angeles and features The Black Eyed Peas and various other people, including various young children, asking the world where the love really is. In the video, will.i.am and Taboo act as a soul music road duo who use music to tell people what is wrong with the world, Fergie appears as a peacemaker who places stickers with question marks on them all over the place to ask people where the love is

text: The Meaning of Love (Michelle McManus song) "The Meaning of Love" is the second single from "Pop Idol" winner Michelle McManus, released on 26 January 2004. It did not match the success of her chart-topping debut single "All This Time", reaching number 16 in the UK and number 29 in Ireland. Soon after the single's commercial failure, BMG dropped McManus from the label. The music video premiered in the United Kingdom in January 2004. It shows a man and a woman arguing before making up. "Daily Record" critic John Dingwall called the song a "great ballad"; a colleague of his,

title: Where Is the Love?

text: in Japanese language and performed his cover version at his solo concert in 2006. At the Mnet Asian Music Awards (commonly abbreviated as MAMA) promotional held in Singapore in 2011, will.i.am apl.de.ap performed the song with friend and collaborator, K-pop vocalist and rapper CL of 2NE1 performing Taboo and Fergie's part. "The X Factor Israel" contestant Inbal Bibi sang the song at the live shows and received positive reviews. Ariana Grande joined the Black Eyed Peas for a cover of the song at Grande's 2017 One Love Manchester concert. Gwen Stefani performed the song at Hyundai Genesis G70 launch event

title: Nanga Punga Dost

text: you will get the real meaning of them". The song was released on 17 November 2014, along with other tracks in the album. The music video of the song was officially released on 18 November 2014, through the YouTube channel of T-Series. The music video of the song, was the third song released from the album, after the two singles, "Tharki Chokro" and "Love is Waste of Time". On 21 November 2014, the song debuted at position 81 in iTunes India Chart Top 100. It was ranked at position 20 on 20 December 2014, before jumping to its peak position,

title: Where Is the Love?

text: gameplay footage of the graphically explicit and controversial video game "Postal 2", in which a group of young children are playing the game. This suggests that violence in the media and entertainment industry affects the morals of children. Near the beginning of the video, posters of the video game "" are shown. British pop band Busted did a rock version of the song, which features on their live album, "". "The Voice UK" contestant Frances Wood sang the song at her audition and chose will.i.am to be her mentor. Japanese pop singer Sho Sakurai of Arashi re-wrote the rap lyrics

title: The Meaning of Love (album)

text: a Gold certification, indicating sales of over 200,000 copies in the region of the United Kingdom alone. The Meaning of Love (album) The Meaning of Love is the debut album by Scottish singer and "Pop Idol" winner Michelle McManus, issued by BMG. Released on 16 February 2004, it debuted at #3 on the UK Albums Chart and featured two singles: the #1 UK Singles Chart entry "All This Time", and the title track, which peaked at #16. Critics derided the record for its production values and songwriting quality; multiple reviewers also found McManus's singing voice to be unimpressive. The album

title: The Meaning of Love

text: by the original song, and afterwards has a new arrangement of music. The video for "The Meaning of Love" was the second video with Alan Wilder, although he did not contribute to the song. The director was Julien Temple. The video was not included on the "Some Great Videos" VHS compilation because it was not well-liked by the band. The single was not released in the United States, but the 12" "Fairly Odd Mix" of the song features on the B-side of the "See You" US 12" single. These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of

title: The Meaning of Love (album)

text: The Meaning of Love (album) The Meaning of Love is the debut album by Scottish singer and "Pop Idol" winner Michelle McManus, issued by BMG. Released on 16 February 2004, it debuted at #3 on the UK Albums Chart and featured two singles: the #1 UK Singles Chart entry "All This Time", and the title track, which peaked at #16. Critics derided the record for its production values and songwriting quality; multiple reviewers also found McManus's singing voice to be unimpressive. The album was deemed a commercial failure by Sony BMG, who dropped McManus from the label. The album has

title: The Meaning of Love

text: " The Meaning of Love ": 7": Mute/7Mute22 (UK) 12": Mute/12Mute22 (UK) CD: Mute/CDMute22 (UK) Notes The Meaning of Love "The Meaning of Love" is the fifth UK single by Depeche Mode released on 26 April 1982 and recorded at Blackwing Studios. The single version of "The Meaning of Love" is the same as the album version from "A Broken Frame". The "Fairly Odd Mix" features an unusual techno ditty after the second chorus. The B-side is "Oberkorn (It's a Small Town)", an atmospheric instrumental written by Martin Gore as an intro for the "A Broken Frame Tour", in the

title: The Meaning of Love

text: The Meaning of Love "The Meaning of Love" is the fifth UK single by Depeche Mode released on 26 April 1982 and recorded at Blackwing Studios. The single version of "The Meaning of Love" is the same as the album version from "A Broken Frame". The "Fairly Odd Mix" features an unusual techno ditty after the second chorus. The B-side is "Oberkorn (It's a Small Town)", an atmospheric instrumental written by Martin Gore as an intro for the "A Broken Frame Tour", in the town of Oberkorn, Luxembourg. A longer version called the "Development Mix" features an ambient intro followed

title: Love (DJ Trevi song)

text: what status, color of your skin, sexual orientation, or religion. DJ Trevi felt so strong about it, that he released a video. The video had a powerful message, that it was possible to love someone that was positive even though he was negative. The video went viral and people wanted a copy of the song that accompanied the video. DJ Trevi agreed to release the song and donate the profits to an HIV awareness program. The song had an impact in the gay community, with people expressing either hate or their love of the message. Although the song was released

title: Where Is Love? (album)

text: P. Gladstone said "With just a spare piano accompaniment, the vocalist tackles nine very well chosen ballads that are meant not only to entertain us but to advise us about the compositions of singer-songwriters like Bob Dorough, Dave Frishberg and Blossom Dearie. ... Her unhurried and moving delivery opens up the lyrical content of show tunes like the title song from Oliver or Leslie Bricusse's "When I Look In Your Eyes." Where Is Love? (album) Where Is Love? is an album by vocalist Irene Kral performing with pianist Alan Broadbent which was recorded in 1974 and originally released on the

title: Where Is the Love?

text: and police officials (Dallas Police Chief David O. Brown, Officer Miguel Salcedo) and more appear in the video. Credits adapted from the official press release. The Black Eyed Peas also released a bilingual Spanish/English version of "Where's the Love?", titled "Dónde Está El Amor?" crediting The Black Eyed Peas featuring El Mundo. The version was premiered on November 7, 2016, during Premios de la Radio. The music video premiered days later, featuring a roster of Latin stars including Gerardo Ortiz, Milkman, Pepe Aguilar, Becky G, Fey, Paulina Rubio, Luis Coronel and many others. Where Is the Love? "Where Is the

text: media drew comparisons of McManus' fortunes to "" rejects One True Voice. UK CD single 1. "The Meaning of Love" (Radio edit) UK Digital download 1. "The Meaning of Love" (album version) The Meaning of Love (Michelle McManus song) "The Meaning of Love" is the second single from "Pop Idol" winner Michelle McManus, released on 26 January 2004. It did not match the success of her chart-topping debut single "All This Time", reaching number 16 in the UK and number 29 in Ireland. Soon after the single's commercial failure, BMG dropped McManus from the label. The music video premiered in

text: or Group with Vocals. There have been numerous cover versions of this song: British soul singer Mica Paris and American singer-songwriter Will Downing released a cover of "Where Is the Love" in 1989 for Paris' debut album "So Good". "Where Is the Love" debuted at number twenty-eight on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at number nineteen in its second week before accumulating a total of eight weeks on the chart. CD single Vinyl "Where is the Love" was recorded by Australian singer songwriter Rick Price and New Zealand-born singer-songwriter Margaret Urlich. It was released on 29 November 1993 and peaked

title: What Is Love? (Twice song)

text: "Billboard" charts' World Digital Songs and "Billboard Japan" Hot 100, respectively. The song placed at number 29 at Billboard Japan Hot 100 year-end chart, and placed at number 14 in Top Streaming Songs. What Is Love? (Twice song) "What Is Love?" (stylized as "What is Love?") is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Twice, the lead single of their fifth extended play of the same name. The song was released on April 9, 2018 by JYP Entertainment and distributed by Iriver. "What Is Love?" was written and composed by Park Jin-young, who previously produced "Signal", and it was

title: Where Is the Love?

text: in the world, and apl.de.ap is a criminal who is arrested for using criminal offences to tell people the truth. Justin Timberlake does not appear in the video, although several different people are seen mouthing the chorus as he sings it. The video is similar to a 2002 British television advertisement for T-Mobile, in which a face of a young baby is presented in various forms around a large city, much like the question mark in this video. The Bon Jovi music video "Have a Nice Day" is also similar to both the advertisement and this video. The video features

text: at number 31 in Australia. It was included as a bonus track on Ulrich's 1994 album, "Live". In 1993, Price and Urlich were part of Export Music Australia (EMA) and Austrade's second Wizards of Oz promotion. They toured Japan together with the group Yothu Yindi. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1994, the song was nominated for ARIA Award for Best Adult Contemporary Album but lost to "The Journey" by Tommy Emmanuel. Where Is the Love (Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway song) "Where Is the Love" is a popular song written by Ralph MacDonald and William Salter, and recorded by

text: however, wrote: "Michelle's going to have to aim much higher... 'The Meaning of Love', while good, isn't great." AllMusic journalist Sharon Mawer described the track as "a charity sounding record without the All Saints rhythm [of 'All This Time'], without the multi-vocals, and without much of a tune either". "The Meaning of Love" debuted at #16 in the United Kingdom and number 29 in Ireland. The single did not chart as well as expected. It spent four weeks in the UK Top 75 and three weeks in the Irish Top 100. Considered a flop, with sales of only 8,000, the

title: (What Is) Love?

text: song. Lopez's vocals for the song were recorded and produced by Kuk Harrell, with recording assistance from Jim Annunziato and Josh Gudwin at Conway Studios in Hollywood, California. Annunziato and Eric Eylands handled audio engineering of "(What Is) Love?", while the song was later mixed by Mike "Handz" Donaldson at Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California. "(What Is) Love?" deals with the topic of "not knowing what love is". The song's co-writer Gordon stated that: "I felt like so many woman have that same story. No fathers, families, abusive boyfriends and husbands..no parental support, they feel alone .. I've

title: Where Is the Love?

text: Hot 100, and topped the charts in Australia, Ireland and the United Kingdom. It became the biggest-selling single of 2003 in the latter country. The band and Timberlake received two nominations, Record of the Year and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration, for "Where Is the Love?" at the 46th Grammy Awards. Following the commercial failures of their previous albums and singles, there was doubt over whether The Black Eyed Peas would continue to record together. A&R executive Ron Fair approached them and suggested a crossover to a more mainstream pop sound. will.i.am in particular resisted the idea for fear that they would

title: Suno Na Sangemarmar

text: the song, Munir stated: "There was a huge discussion about the word 'sangemarmar' in the song, but it fell beautifully into the film and became a hit". The music video of the song was released officially on 6 February 2014, through the YouTube channel of Multi Screen Media, and was released, labelled as the "Valentine song of the year". It was later released on other distributing label partners on 13 February 2014. The full song was released on 24 February 2014, along with other tracks from the album. The song was the first track released from the film. The song

text: Where Is the Love (Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway song) "Where Is the Love" is a popular song written by Ralph MacDonald and William Salter, and recorded by Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway. Released in 1972 from their album, "Roberta Flack & Donny Hathaway". It peaked at number five on the "Billboard" Hot 100 singles chart and spent a week each at number one on the "Billboard" Easy Listening chart (July 1972) and R&B chart (August 1972). "Billboard" ranked it as the No. 58 song for 1972. The song won a Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo

title: Where Is the Love?

text: The song was written by will.i.am, apl.de.ap, Taboo, Justin Timberlake, Ron Fair, Printz Board, George Pajon, Fiona Davies M. Fratantuno, and J. Curtis, and co-produced by will.i.am and Ron Fair. In this song, The Black Eyed Peas lament on various worldwide problems.  Many issues are discussed, which include but are not limited to terrorism, US government hypocrisy, racism, gang crime, pollution, war, and intolerance

title: Love (Jana Kramer song)

text: and concise, yet is sung "with passion and conviction". Its upbeat tone creates "a positivity lingering in the air long after the song is over", and will "encourage listeners to want to play it again". Love (Jana Kramer song) "Love" is a song recorded by American country music artist Jana Kramer from her second studio album, "Thirty One" (2015). The song was written by Catt Gravitt and Jimmy Robbins, and produced by Scott Hendricks. It was released on June 9, 2014 as the album's first single. The music video was directed by Ryan Lassan and premiered in June 2014. It

title: Love Song (Big Bang song)

text: Love Song (Big Bang song) "Love Song" is a single by South Korean group Big Bang. It was released on April 8, 2011 by YG Entertainment, as the lead single for their album "Big Bang Special Edition" (2011), a repackaged version of the extended play (EP) "Tonight" released earlier on February 23, 2011. The lyrics were written by G-Dragon, T.O.P and Teddy and the music was composed by G-Dragon, Teddy. Standing out from Big Bang's usual "heavily produced electronic dance tracks", "Love Song" is pop-rock ballad that was compared to Coldplay's early material. The single "utilizes building strings and overlapping

title: Epiphany (BTS song)

text: Additionally, Kim Bona and Park Jinsil from MU:E were the art directors. Musically, the song has been described as alternative rock, with blends soft acoustic guitar and wavy electric riffs. South China Morning Post, however, stated it is a "thought provoking ballad". "Epiphany" is 3:48 minutes long and in the key of F major, with a piano leading it. It is 136 beats per minute. Jin's vocal range in the song spans from the low notes of D to the high notes of C. "Rolling Stone India" stated, "The lyrics are a literal epiphany about the fact that to love

title: Love song

text: Love song A love song is a song about romantic love, falling in love, heartbreak after a breakup, and the feelings that these experiences bring. A comprehensive list of even the best known performers and composers of love songs would be a large order. Love songs can be found in a variety of different music genres. Love songs have been around for centuries and can be found in the histories and cultures of most societies, though their ubiquity is a modern phenomenon. A highly controversial and startling explanation of the genesis of love songs can be found in Denis de

title: Where Is the Love?

text: The Black Eyed Peas were worried about this, as getting some assistance from an established pop star like Timberlake had been the original point of this song. A compromise was reached eventually in which Jive gave clearance for the vocals of Timberlake to be released on the song, but he does not appear in the song's music video nor is he officially credited on the song as an artist. By 2008, the single had sold 954,000 digital copies. The song was written by will.i.am, apl.de.ap, Taboo, Justin Timberlake, Ron Fair, Printz Board, George Pajon, Fiona Davies M. Fratantuno, and J.

title: Where Is the Love?


question: what type of reaction occurs to form a dipeptide

answers: peptide bond

title: Dipeptide

text: Dipeptide A dipeptide is an organic compound derived from two amino acids. The amino acids can be the same or different. When different, two isomers of the dipeptide are possible, depending on the sequence. Similar descriptions apply to tripeptide (three amino acid residues, two peptide bonds), tetrapeptide, and so on; longer chains are called oligopeptide, polypeptide, protein. Dipeptides are produced by coupling amino acids. The amino group on one amino acid is rendered non-nucleophilic (P in eq) and the carboxylic acid group in the second amino acid is deactivated as its methyl ester. The two modified amino acids are then

title: 2,5-Diketopiperazine

text: dipeptides can be formed by coupling two amino acids together by the many methods of peptide synthesis or by using the Ugi reaction of an isonitrile, amino acid, aldehyde and amine, followed by deprotection. Dipeptides substituted with an amine at one terminus and an ester at the other 1 can spontaneously cyclize to form a 2,5-diketopiperazine at a range of pHs. However, careful selection of reaction conditions is required to limit racemization. This has been achieved in a general, efficient, and environmentally benign solution-phase synthesis of 2,5-diketopiperazines using microwave-assisted heating in water, which in contrast to other published methods is

title: Combinatorial chemistry

text: 9 dipeptides are formed. In a third and fourth cycles 27 tripeptides and 81 tetrapeptides would form, respectively. The "split-mix synthesis" has several outstanding features: In 1990 three groups described methods for preparing peptide libraries by biological methods and one year later Fodor et al. published a remarkable method for synthesis of peptide arrays on small glass slides. A "parallel synthesis" method was developed by Mario Geysen and his colleagues for preparation of peptide arrays. They synthesized 96 peptides on plastic rods (pins) coated at their ends with the solid support. The pins were immersed into the solution of reagents

title: Dipeptide

text: Dietary proteins are digested to dipeptides and amino acids, and the dipeptides are absorbed more rapidly than the amino acids, because their uptake involves a separate mechanism. Dipeptides activate G-cells found in the stomach to secrete gastrin. In this usage, "X dipeptide" is taken literally: One amino acid "X" is equipped with two minimal peptide bonds: The C terminus COOH becomes COCH, the N terminus NH becomes NHCH. For instance, alanine dipeptide is CHCONHCH(CH)CONHCH. Dipeptide A dipeptide is an organic compound derived from two amino acids. The amino acids can be the same or different. When different, two isomers of

title: Pseudoproline

text: sequences. Pseudoproline dipeptides have proven particularly effective in the synthesis of intractable peptides, long peptides/small proteins, and cyclic peptides, enabling in many cases the production of peptides that otherwise could not be made. These dipeptides are extremely easy to use: simply substitute a serine or threonine residue together with the preceding amino acid residue in the peptide sequence with the appropriate pseudoproline dipeptide (see the figure on your right). The native sequence is regenerated on cleavage and deprotection. In recent years, several peptides, such as T-20 (also called DP178), Eptifibatide, Ziconotide, Pramlintide, Exenatide, and Bivalirudin, have been approved by the

title: Diphenylketene

text: is also evident in the formation of three dimers: and oligomers produced therefrom. Ketenes (of the general formula RRC=C=O) have many parallels to isocyanates (of the general formula R-N=C=O) in their constitution as well as in their reactivity. Diphenyl ketene reacts with water in an addition reaction to form diphenylacetic acid, with ethanol to diphenyl acetic ethyl ester or with ammonia to the corresponding amide. Carboxylic acids produce mixed anhydrides of diphenylacetic acid, which can be used to activate protected amino acids for peptide linkage. The protected dipeptide Z-Leu-Phe-OEt (N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester) is thus obtained in 59% yield via the

title: Acetic formic anhydride

text: was in the synthesis of Quazodine (). Acetic formic anhydride Acetic formic anhydride is an organic compound with the chemical formula and a structural formula of -(C=O)-O-(C=O)H. It can be viewed as the mixed anhydride of acetic acid and formic acid. Acetic formic anhydride can be produced by reacting sodium formate with acetyl chloride in anhydrous diethyl ether between 23–27 °C. It can be prepared by aceticanhydride and formic acid at 0 oC Acetic formic anhydride is a formylation agent for amines, amino acids, and alcohols. It is also a starting material for other compounds such as formyl fluoride. An

title: Eschenmoser sulfide contraction

text: B", cocaine,"diplodialide A" and "isoretronecanol" An example of general synthetic utility is the synthesis of novel carbapenems Eschenmoser sulfide contraction The Eschenmoser sulfide contraction is an organic reaction first described by Albert Eschenmoser for the synthesis of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds from a thioester. The method requires a base and a tertiary phosphine. The method is of some relevance to organic chemistry and has been notably applied in the vitamin B total synthesis. A base abstracts the labile hydrogen atom in the thioester, a sulfide anion is formed through an episulfide intermediate which is removed by the phosphine. The Eschenmoser sulfide contraction

title: Acetic formic anhydride

text: Acetic formic anhydride Acetic formic anhydride is an organic compound with the chemical formula and a structural formula of -(C=O)-O-(C=O)H. It can be viewed as the mixed anhydride of acetic acid and formic acid. Acetic formic anhydride can be produced by reacting sodium formate with acetyl chloride in anhydrous diethyl ether between 23–27 °C. It can be prepared by aceticanhydride and formic acid at 0 oC Acetic formic anhydride is a formylation agent for amines, amino acids, and alcohols. It is also a starting material for other compounds such as formyl fluoride. An example of Acetic formic anhydride being used

title: Self-assembling peptide

text: specifically to the peptide and emits blue fluorescence when excited. The simplest peptide building blocks are dipeptides. Nanotubes formed from dipeptides are the widest amongst peptide nanotubes. An example of a dipeptide that has been studied is such a peptide is one from the diphenylalanine motif of the Alzheimer’s β-amyloid peptide. Dipeptides have also been shown to self assemble into hydrogels, another form of nanostructures, when connected to the protecting group, Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride. Experiments focusing on the dipeptide Fmoc-diphenylalaine have been conducted that have explored the mechanism in which Fmoc-diphenylalanine self assembles into hydrogels via π-π interlocked β-sheets. Phenylalanine has

title: Pseudoproline

text: dipeptides. These derivatives disrupt the interactions among chains that are usually the cause of poor coupling yields in aggregated sequences. A large arsenal of chemical tools is now available for the synthesis of almost all peptides up to 40 amino acid residues. However, several small-size peptides and many large peptides and/or proteins are still unavailable by classical methods. Recently, an efficient stepwise solid-phase synthesis of RANTES (24-91) was published. RANTES is a major HIV-suppressive factor produced by CD8+ T Cells. The serine protease CD26/dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (CD26/DPP IV) induces a NH2-terminal truncation from RANTES (1-91) to RANTES(24-91), which inhibits the infection

title: Koenigs–Knorr reaction

text: C2 that lends anchimeric assistance, resulting in the formation of a 1,2-trans stereochemical arrangement. Esters (e.g. acetyl, benzoyl, pivalyl) generally provide good anchimeric assistance, whereas ethers (e.g. benzyl, methyl etc.) do not, leading to mixtures of stereoisomers. In the first step of the mechanism, the glycosyl bromide reacts with silver carbonate upon elimination of silver bromide and the silver carbonate anion to the oxocarbenium ion. From this structure a dioxolaniumnium is formed, which is attacked by methanol via an SN mechanism at the carbonyl carbon atom. This attack leads to the inversion. After cleavage of a hydrogen atom, the glycoside

title: Formic anhydride

text: can be isolated by low-temperature, low-pressure distillation, but decomposes on heating above room temperature. It decomposes into formic acid and carbon monoxide. The decomposition of formic anhydride may be catalyzed by formic acid. Formic anhydride can be detected in the gas-phase reaction of ozone with ethylene. The molecule is planar in the gas phase. Formic anhydride Formic anhydride, also called methanoic anhydride, is an organic compound with the chemical formula and a structural formula of (H(C=O)−)O. It can be viewed as the anhydride of formic acid (HCOOH). Formic anhydride can be obtained by reaction of formyl fluoride with sodium formate

title: Leuckart reaction

text: Leuckart (1854–1899). He discovered that heating benzaldehyde with formamide does not produce benzylidenediformamide as anticipated, but benzylamine. In 1891, a colleague of Leuckart at the University of Göttingen, Otto Wallach, performed further reactions using alicyclic and terpenoid ketones as well as aldehydes, demonstrating the general application. Over the course of the past century, chemists have discovered several methods to improve the yield of the reaction and carry it out under less strenuous conditions. Pollard and Young summarized various ways in which amines can be formed: using either formamide or ammonium formate, or both, or adding formic acid to formamide. However,

title: Retosiban

text: these are formed by cyclising the corresponding linear dipeptide. In the short and highly stereoselective synthesis of Retosiban 8 the linear peptide 5 is formed by the four-component Ugi reaction of the carboxybenzyl (Cbz) protected R-indanylglycine 1, D-alloisoleucine methyl ester hydrochloride 2, 2-methyloxazole-4-carboxaldehyde 3 and 2-benzyloxyphenylisonitrile 4. Hydrogenation to remove the Cbz and benzyl protecting groups, enabled cyclization of the linear peptide 5 to occur to give the phenolic cyclic dipeptide 6. Hydrolysis of the phenolic amide, by reaction with carbonyl diimidazole (CDI), followed addition of aqueous hydrochloric acid gave the acid 7 which was converted to the amide Retosiban

title: Pseudoproline

text: choice strongly depends on the nature of the pseudoproline as welI as on the substituents at C2 of the cyclic system. Pseudoproline a powerful tool for improving the quality of synthetic peptides. Pseudoproline dipeptides have greatly increased the success rate for synthesizing both long and difficult peptides. Pseudoproline dipeptides can be introduced in the same manner as other amino acid derivatives. The routine use of pseudoproline (oxazolidine) dipeptides in the FMOC solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) of serine- and threonine-containing peptides leads to remarkable improvements in quality and yield of crude products and helps avoid unnecessary repeat synthesis of failed

title: Acyl halide

text: reactions with similar reagents; however, some specialty reactions are also available to produce these compounds. For example, chloroformylation, a specific type of Friedel-Crafts acylation which uses formaldehyde as a reagent, or by the direct chlorination of benzaldehyde derivatives. Acyl halides are rather reactive compounds often synthesized to be used as intermediates in the synthesis of other organic compounds. For example, an acyl halide can react with: In the above reactions, HX (hydrogen halide or hydrohalic acid) is also formed. For example, if the acyl halide is an acyl chloride, HCl (hydrogen chloride or hydrochloric acid) is also formed. A molecule

title: Leuckart reaction

text: Leuckart reaction The Leuckart reaction is the chemical reaction that converts aldehydes or ketones to amines by reductive amination in the presence of heat. The reaction, named after Rudolf Leuckart, proceeds via two mechanisms: one using ammonium formate and the other using formamide as the reducing agent. It requires high temperatures, usually between 120 and 130 °C, although under the presence of formamide, the temperature can be greater than 165 °C. The reaction works best using ammonium formate and the general reaction can be seen below. The Leuckart reaction is named in honor of its developer, the German chemist Rudolf

title: Diphenylphosphoryl azide

text: group to the carboxylic acid. It is now suggested that this reaction proceeds through the intermediate mixed anhydride, resulting from attack by the nucleophilic carboxylate anion on the phosphorus atom, with expulsion of the azide ion. The latter then attacks the carbonyl carbon atom, to give the acyl azide and loss of the diphenylphosphate anion, known to be a good leaving group. Finally, the acyl azide reacts in the normal manner to give the urethane. Studies show that DPPA reacts with amines giving the corresponding phosphoramidates; it therefore appears that formation of the amide similarly involves the intermediate anhydride, followed

title: Azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition

text: Azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition The azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition is a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between an azide and a terminal or internal alkyne to give a 1,2,3-triazole. Rolf Huisgen was the first to understand the scope of this organic reaction. American chemist Karl Barry Sharpless has referred to this cycloaddition as "the cream of the crop" of click chemistry and "the premier example of a click reaction." In the reaction above azide 2 reacts neatly with alkyne 1 to afford the triazole 3 as a mixture of 1,4-adduct and 1,5-adduct at 98 °C in 18 hours. The standard 1,3-cycloaddition between an azide 1,3-dipole

title: Glycylglycine

text: Using different concentrations of the glycylglycine improvement in protein solubility after cell lysis has been observed. Glycylglycine Glycylglycine is the dipeptide of glycine, making it the simplest peptide. The compound was first synthesized by Emil Fischer and Ernest Fourneau in 1901 by boiling 2,5-diketopiperazine (glycine anhydride) with hydrochloric acid. Shaking with alkali and other synthesis methods have been reported. Because of its low toxicity, it is useful as a buffer for biological systems with effective ranges between pH 2.5-3.8 and 7.5-8.9, however, it is only moderately stable for storage once dissolved. It is used in the synthesis of more complex

title: Diphenylphosphoryl azide

text: Diphenylphosphoryl azide Diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA) is an organic compound. It is widely used as a reagent in the synthesis of other organic compounds. DPPA undergoes pseudohalogen replacement of the azido group by treatment with nucleophilic reagents, such as ammonia and various amines. This compound is used as a reagent for the synthesis of peptides by virtue of its reactions with carboxylic acids leading to either the urethane or the amide. The formation of the urethane is particularly valuable since it works with carboxylic acids which fail to undergo the Schmidt reaction, and is believed to involve transfer of the azido

title: Formic anhydride

text: Formic anhydride Formic anhydride, also called methanoic anhydride, is an organic compound with the chemical formula and a structural formula of (H(C=O)−)O. It can be viewed as the anhydride of formic acid (HCOOH). Formic anhydride can be obtained by reaction of formyl fluoride with sodium formate in ether at −78 °C. It can also be produced by reacting formic acid with "N","N′"-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide ((−N=)C) in ether at −10 °C. It can also be obtained by disproportionation of acetic formic anhydride. Formic anhydride is a liquid with boiling point 24 °C at 20 mmHg. It is stable in diethyl ether solution. It

title: Formose reaction

text: of 3 with formaldehyde produces tetrulose (6), which undergoes another ketose-aldose isomerization to form aldotetrose 7 (either threose or erythrose). The retro-aldol reaction of 7 generates two molecules of 1, resulting in the net production of a molecule of 1 from two molecules of formaldehyde, catalyzed by 1 itself (autocatalysis). During this process, 3 can also react with 1 to form ribulose (4), which can isomerize to give rise to ribose (5), an important building block of ribonucleic acid. The aldose-ketose isomerization steps are promoted by chelation to calcium. However, these steps have been shown to proceed through a hydride

title: Dipeptide

text: A dipeptide is a sometimes ambiguous designation of two classes of organic compounds: Its molecules contain either two amino acids joined by a single peptide bond or one amino acid with two peptide bonds.

title: 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition

text: the metal ligands will influence the regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The stereoselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between carbonyl ylide dipoles and alkenyl dipolarophiles has also been closely examined. For alkynyl dipolarophiles, stereoselectivity is not an issue as relatively planar sp carbons are formed, while regioselectivity must be considered (see image of the Products of the 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction Between Carbonyl Ylide Dipoles and Alkenyl or Alkynyl Dipolarophiles). However, for alkenyl dipolarophiles, both regioselectivity and stereoselectivity must be considered as sp carbons are generated in the product species. 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between carbonyl ylide dipoles and alkenyl

title: Diphenylphosphoryl azide

text: by nucleophilic substitution by the amine. In the synthesis of NSAIDs, DPPA is able to rearrange a propanoyl group into an isopropanoic acid. DPPA is very toxic and a potential explosive like most other azide compounds. Diphenylphosphoryl azide Diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA) is an organic compound. It is widely used as a reagent in the synthesis of other organic compounds. DPPA undergoes pseudohalogen replacement of the azido group by treatment with nucleophilic reagents, such as ammonia and various amines. This compound is used as a reagent for the synthesis of peptides by virtue of its reactions with carboxylic acids leading to

title: Discovery and development of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors

text: "allo" stereoisomer. In animal studies, they found that both isomers had similar affinity for DPP-4, similar "in vivo" efficacy, similar pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles. Nevertheless, the "allo" isomer was 10-fold more toxic. The researchers found out that this difference in toxicity was due to the "allo" isomer's greater inhibition of DPP-8 and DPP-9 but not because of selective DPP-4 inhibition. More research also supported that DPP-4 inhibition would not cause compromised immune function. Once this link between affinity for DPP-8/DPP-9 and toxicity was discovered, Merck decided on identifying an inhibitor with more than a thousandfold affinity for DPP-4 over the

title: DIPAMP

text: DIPAMP DIPAMP is an organophosphorus compound that is used as a ligand in homogeneous catalysis. It is a white solid that dissolves in organic solvents. Work on this compound by W. S. Knowles was recognized with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. DIPAMP was the basis for of the first industrial scale asymmetric hydrogenation, the synthesis of the drug -DOPA. DIPAMP is a C-symmetric diphosphine. Each phosphorus centre, which is pyramidal, bears three different substituents - anisyl, phenyl, and the ethylene group. The ligand therefore exists as the enantiomeric ("R","R") and ("S","S") pair, as well as the achiral meso isomer. DIPAMP

title: Azomethine ylide

text: and results in a pyrrolidine. While dipolarophiles are typically α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, there have been many recent advances in developing new types of dipolarophiles. When the dipole and dipolarophile are part of the same molecule, an intramolecular cyclization reaction can lead to a polycyclic product of considerable complexity. If the dipolarophile is tethered to a carbon of the dipole, a fused bicycle is formed. If it is tethered to the nitrogen, a bridged structure results. The intramolecular nature of the reaction can also be useful in that regioselectivity is often constrained. Another advantage to intramolecular reactions is that the dipolarophile

title: Dipeptide


question: when did india win their first cricket match

answers: 1952

title: India national cricket team record by opponent

text: matches, and 216 matches were drawn with one being tied. India played their first ODI match against England in 1974, but registered their first win against East Africa in 1975. , India have played 939 ODI matches, winning 483 matches and losing 409; 7 matches were tied and 40 matches had no result. They also won the 1983 and 2011 Cricket World Cups, along with the 2002 and the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy. India played their first Twenty20 International (T20I) against South Africa in 2006, winning the match by six wickets, and won the inaugural ICC World Twenty20 in 2007.

title: India women's national cricket team

text: 2005, and losing to England by 9 runs in 2017. India has made the semi-finals on three other occasions, in 1997, 2000, and 2009. India has also made the semi-finals of the World Twenty20 on three occasions (2009, 2010, and 2018). The British brought cricket to India in the early 1700s, with the first cricket match played in 1721. The first Indian cricket club was established by the Parsi community in Bombay, in 1848; the club played their first match against the Europeans in 1877. The first official Indian cricket team was formed in 1911 and toured England, where they

title: History of cricket in India from 1918–19 to 1945

text: first winner was Bombay. Since then India has undergone many changes in its cricket history. The lists below give the leading first-class runscorers and wicket-takers in each domestic season. India's debut in Test cricket was in the 1932 English season when they played England at Lord's Cricket Ground. England won by 158 runs. The MCC tour was from October 1926 to February 1927. Captained by Arthur Gilligan, the team played 26 first-class matches in India and a further four first-class matches in Ceylon. Team members included Maurice Leyland, Andy Sandham, Bob Wyatt, Arthur Dolphin, George Geary, Ewart Astill and George

title: Cricket in India

text: beaten by Australia. In September 2007, India won the first ever Twenty20 World Cup held in South Africa, beating Pakistan by 5 runs in a thrilling final. India won the Cricket World Cup in 2011 under the captainship of Mahendra Singh Dhoni, the first time since 1983 – they beat Sri Lanka in the final held in Mumbai. India played its 500th Test match against New Zealand at Kanpur from 22 September 2016. India won this match by 197 runs. This test was played under the captaincy of Virat Kohli. International cricket in India generally does not follow a fixed

title: India women's national cricket team

text: played English county teams. The India team made their Test debut against England in 1932. Around the same time (1934), the first women's Test was played between England and Australia. However, women's cricket arrived in India much later; the Women's Cricket Association of India was formed in 1973. The Indian women's team played their first Test match in 1976, against the West Indies. India recorded its first-ever Test win in November 1978 against West Indies under Shantha Rangaswamy's captaincy at the Moin-ul-Haq Stadium in Patna. As part of the International Cricket Council's initiative to develop women's cricket, the Women's Cricket

title: History of the Indian cricket team

text: 1960s, starting with their first series win over England in 1961-62. During this time, India's strong record at home started to develop, in which the team won a series against New Zealand in 1965-66 and drew series against Pakistan, Australia and England. In 1967-68, India won their first series outside the subcontinent against New Zealand. Sunil Gavaskar made his debut for India in the West Indies in 1970-71 and immediately made an impact, scoring a total of 774 runs for the series and helping India to a 1-0 series win, their first ever win over the West Indies. Together with

title: Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association Stadium

text: played in this ground was the Pakistani cricket team, when they played a warm-up match against an India A side in 2005. The first One Day International (ODI) at this stadium was played between India and England on 27 January 2013. England won the match by 7 wickets. The first Test at this stadium was played between India and Australia from 25–29 March 2017. In November 2015, the HPCA stadium was selected as one of the six new Test match venues in India along with the Maharashtra Cricket Association Stadium, JSCA International Stadium Complex, Saurashtra Cricket Association Stadium, Holkar Stadium

title: Cricket in India

text: sports league in the world and the biggest cricket league in the world. The Indian cricket team is also accredited with the honour of winning all the ICC tournaments under M.S. Dhoni's captaincy, which is a world record. The first ever match of first-class cricket played in India was in 1864 which was Madras vs Calcutta. Not many records exist from the match, however, it is known that the Man of the match was Praveen Chauhan. He played for Calcutta, but he was from Panipat. Furthermore, the Best fielder was Ashwani Sharma. Just like Chauhan, he was from Panipat as

title: India national cricket team

text: against Pakistan. They continued their improvement throughout the early 1950s with a series win against New Zealand in 1956. However, they did not win again in the remainder of the decade and lost badly to strong Australian and English sides. On 24 August 1959, India lost by an innings in the Test to complete the only 5–0 whitewash ever inflicted by England. The next decade saw India's reputation develop as a team with a strong record at home. They won their first Test series against England at home in 1961–62 and also won a home series against New Zealand. They

title: India at the Cricket World Cup

text: all the other 8 teams in the tournament once, with the top 4 teams at the end of the Round-Robin stage progressing to the semifinals. It was also the first Cricket World Cup played with coloured jerseys and which had day-night matches. India's first match in the tournament was against England at Perth. Chasing 237, India never really got going despite a 63-run opening stand shared by Shastri (57 from 112 balls, 2 fours) and Srikkanth (39 from 50 balls, 7 fours) and a good knock from Tendulkar (35 from 44 balls, 5 fours). India crashed to 227 all out,

title: Cricket in India

text: home record against Australia in Test series after defeating them in 2001 and won the inaugural ICC World T20 in 2007. India was also the first Sub-continental team to win at the WACA in January 2008 against Australia. India's victory against the Australians in 2001 marked the beginning of a dream era for the team under the captainship of Sourav Ganguly, winning Test matches in Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka, West Indies and England. India also shared a joint victory with Sri Lanka in the ICC Championship, and went on to the finals in the 2003 Cricket World Cup only to be

title: History of cricket in India to 1918

text: In 1864, a Madras v. Calcutta match was arguably the start of first-class cricket in India. The British played the Indians to build relationships with the Indians and if the Indian elite had connections with the British, the British could have more control of India because of Cricket. The most important fixture in the 19th century was the Bombay Presidency Match which evolved, first, into the Bombay Triangular and then into the Bombay Quadrangular. The match was first played in 1877 and then intermittently for several seasons until finally being given first-class status in 1892-93. An English team led by

title: Brabourne Stadium

text: against India of 126. In recent years, a few of the teams visiting India have started their tour with a warm up match at the Brabourne. The match between Australia and Mumbai in 1997–98 was noted for Sachin Tendulkar's first double hundred in first-class cricket. Mumbai won the game setting the tone for the rest of the tour. In 2000, several Test level Indian players turned out for a Board Presidents XI in a three-day warm up game against the touring South Africans. The match is remembered for Sachin Tendulkar announcing his resignation from the post of Captain of the

title: India national cricket team

text: do not receive as much popular support or recognition as the men's team. The women's teams also have a less packed schedule compared to men's teams and play fewer matches. The Indian women's cricket team played its first Test match in 1976/7, when they drew with the West Indies in a six-match series. The Women's Cricket World Cup was held in India in 1978 and featured 4 teams. India lost both the matches they have played. Their next appearance in the Test and ODI circuit was against Australia in 1984, in which the Test series was tied but the ODI

title: India national cricket team

text: their names went on to be used for the Ranji Trophy and Duleep Trophy – two major first-class tournaments in India. In 1911, an Indian team went on their first official tour of the British Isles, but only played English county teams and not the England cricket team. India was invited to The Imperial Cricket Council in 1926, and made their debut as a Test playing nation in England in 1932, led by CK Nayudu, who was considered as the best Indian batsman at the time. The one-off Test match between the two sides was played at Lord's in London.

title: History of cricket in India to 1918

text: George Vernon in 1889–90 was the first foreign team to tour India but none of the matches that it played are considered first-class. First-class cricket definitely began in the 1892–93 season with two Europeans v Parsees matches, at Bombay (match drawn) and Poona (Parsees won by 3 wickets). In the same season, Lord Hawke captained an English team that played four first-class matches including a game against "All India" on 26–28 January 1893. The lists below give the leading first-class runscorers and wicket-takers in each domestic season. The first Indian ventures into international cricket were by the Parsees cricket team

title: Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)

text: cricket ODI match between India and its arch-rival Pakistan on April 2005. The first ODI played on this ground was between India and Australia on 1 April 1998. Kaloor stadium hosted the first match India played after Sachin Tendulkar's retirement. The pavilion was renamed as Sachin Tendulkar pavilion as an honour to him before this match between India and West Indies on 21 November 2013 which India won by 6 wickets. The stadium underwent a massive renovation including a modern turf, an aesthetic modern roofing and a four-lane road from the south side of the stadium. The first Indian Premier

title: English cricket team in India in 2005–06

text: 190/7 just after the lunch break. Hoggard took 5 wickets, and Monty Panesar dismissed Sachin Tendulkar to claim his maiden test wicket amid dramatic scenes. However, Mohammad Kaif and Anil Kumble fought back for India, putting on 128 for the eighth wicket. The day ended with Kaif being clean bowled by Panesar with a spectacular delivery that span out of the rough and just clipped the off stump. England wrapped up India’s first innings very early on day 4 for 323, and began their second innings in a positive way. Alastair Cook scored a century on debut, and Kevin Pietersen

title: Indian cricket team in England in 1971

text: off Prasanna. Captain Richard Gilliat scored his second 50 of the match, batting only 135 minutes for 71 with ten fours and a six. India won by five wickets for their fourth win in a row. It rained for 14 hours before the scheduled start of the match and there was no play on the first day. Minor Counties declared at tea on the second day at 203. India in turn declared on 252, Solkar's 44* with two sixes and five fours being a bright knock. The match ended in a tame draw. The wicket provided little help to spinners

title: Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi

text: included India's first ever Test match win overseas against New Zealand in 1968. India went on to win that series, making it India's first ever Test series win overseas. He lost the captaincy of the Indian cricket team for the tour to the West Indies in 1970-1, and did not play Tests from 1970 to 1972. He returned to the India side captained by Ajit Wadekar in 1973, for the Third Test against England, and captained India against West Indies in 1974-5, but was finally dropped as a player in 1975. Between 1957 and 1970 Mansoor, following his countrymen Ranjitsinhji

text: Virat Kohli. India won the inaugural ICC World Twenty20 in 2007. India was the first Sub-continental team to win a Test match at the WACA in January 2008 against Australia. Indian cricket team under the leadership of Mahendra Singh Dhoni and brilliant performances from Gautam Gambhir & Yuvraj Singh also went on to win the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 and became the first team in history to win the Cup at home. Limited overs tour only. Limited overs tour only. Limited overs tour only. History of cricket in India from 2000–01 This article describes the history of cricket in

title: India at the Cricket World Cup

text: at its peak, and Australia. World Cup debutants Zimbabwe were also in the group. The fact that the West Indies and Australia were in India's group only worsened India's prospects of putting a decent showing this time around. India's first match in the tournament was against the West Indies at Old Trafford in Manchester. The West Indians were expected to steamroll India, but India caused a massive upset, winning the game by 34 runs in a match spread over 2 days. Middle-order batsman Sharma withstood the West Indian pace attack to score a fine half-century (89 from 120 balls, 9

title: Nahar Singh Stadium

text: renovation of the stadium immediately. The first match, a Ranji Trophy game between Haryana and Services was played on 22 November 1982. In January 1987, a match between Pakistan under-25 versus Indian Board President's XI was played in this stadium. The first one-day international match was played between India and West Indies. The Indian team was led by Ravi Shastri and the West Indian side by Vivian Richards. West Indies won the match by 4 wickets even though India's Mohinder Amarnath scored an unbeaten century (100*). In November 1988, a match between New Zealand versus North Zone. This game was

title: India national cricket team

text: led India on its maiden New Zealand tour, which ended in India winning the Test series 3–1. In 1970–71, Ajit Wadekar took over the captaincy from Pataudi. Under Wadekar's captaincy, India registered its first Test series win in the West Indies and England. India played its first ODI in 1974, also under his captaincy. India won its first ODI under the captaincy of Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan in the 1975 Cricket World Cup, against East Africa. Between 1975–76 and 1978–79, Bishen Singh Bedi captained the team in 22 Tests and 4 ODIs, winning 6 Tests and one ODI. Sunil Gavaskar took over

title: India national cricket team

title: M. Chinnaswamy Stadium

text: and Gordon Greenidge. The West Indians led by Clive Lloyd crushed M. A. K. Pataudi's Indian team by a massive margin of 256 runs. India registered their first Test win on this ground against the touring English team led by Tony Greig in 1976–77. The first ODI match at this venue was played on 6 September 1982. India defeated Sri Lanka by six wickets in that match. Floodlights were first installed at this stadium for the 1996 Wills World Cup. The first match played here under lights was the quarter-final clash between arch-rivals India and Pakistan on 9 March 1996

title: Captain Roop Singh Stadium

text: Roop Singh Stadium is named after Sachin Tendulkar who made the history by becoming the first cricketer to score a double century in ODI. One Match of the 1996 Cricket World Cup was also played on this ground between India and West Indies. In May 1998, Kenya beat India by 69 runs in ODI for first time. As Kenya sailed confidently into the final of Coca-Cola Triangular Series. It was their fifth win at this level, and their second over a Test nation. Ravindu Shah notching his third fifty in only his fourth one-day international, dominated the first phase of

title: Pakistani cricket team in India in 1960–61

text: opener of the game", would the main "hurdle" for India. The Indian squad for the series was announced on 30 November 1960. Rajasthan's all-rounder Rusi Surti was the only new inclusion in the squad. Vijay Manjrekar and Subhash Gupte made their comeback to the squad after a year. It was reported that the Pakistan squad would be announced only an hour before commencement of the First Test. To their squad announced before the First test, Ijaz Butt, Shujauddin Butt, Mohammad Munaf and Intikhab Alam were added for the first-class game against Central Zone. Pakistan won the toss and elected to

title: Indian cricket team in England in 1990

text: Kumble making his international debut and Tendulkar making his 1st Test century at the age of 17, becoming the youngest Test centurion at the time. India were the second touring side to visit England in 1990, following New Zealand, who had lost their three-match Test series 1–0 and drawn the One Day series 1–1 during their tour. England's victory against New Zealand was their first series win at home since the 1985 Ashes and, except for a victory in a one-off match against Sri Lanka, their first home Test victory in 24 attempts. India's previous tour of England was in

title: Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy ACA–VDCA Cricket Stadium

text: his maiden one day international century (148) in 2005. After being given Test status, it hosted its first test match in November 2016, between India and England. India won the match by 246 runs. The Stadium hosted its first T20I in February 2016 between India and Sri Lanka, in Which Ravichandran Ashwin took 4 wickets for 8 runs in his 4 over spell bundling out Sri Lanka for 83. The stadium also hosted IPL matches and was the home ground of Deccan Chargers in 2012 and Sunrisers Hyderabad in 2015 along with Rising Pune Supergiants and Mumbai Indians together in

title: India national cricket team

long_answer: Although cricket was introduced to India by European merchant sailors in the 18th century, and the first cricket club was established in Calcutta [currently known as Kolkata] in 1792, India's national cricket team did not play its first Test match until 25 June 1932 at Lord's, becoming the sixth team to be granted Test cricket status. In its first fifty years of international cricket, India was one of the weaker teams, winning only 35 of the first 196 Test matches it played. From 1932 India had to wait until 1952, almost 20 years for its first Test victory. The team, however, gained strength in the 1970s with the emergence of players such as batsmen Sunil Gavaskar and Gundappa Viswanath, all-rounder Kapil Dev and the Indian spin quartet of Erapalli Prasanna, Srinivas Venkataraghavan, Bhagwat Chandrasekhar and Bishen Singh Bedi.