question: what is the most common cause of right ventricular heart failure

answers: left-sided heart failure

answers: pulmonary heart disease

title: Pathophysiology of heart failure

text: is actually not well understood. Some theories invoke mechanisms that are mediated by neurohormonal activation. Mechanical effects may also contribute. As the left ventricle distends, the intraventricular septum bows into the right ventricle, decreasing the capacity of the right ventricle. Heart failure caused by systolic dysfunction is more readily recognized. It can be simplistically described as a failure of the pump function of the heart. It is characterized by a decreased ejection fraction (less than 45%). The strength of ventricular contraction is attenuated and inadequate for creating an adequate stroke volume, resulting in inadequate cardiac output. In general, this is

text: the individual has signs of overt right ventricular failure, there will be histological involvement of the left ventricle. Eventually, the left ventricle will also become involved, leading to bi-ventricular failure. Signs and symptoms of left ventricular failure may become evident, including congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and an increased incidence of thromboembolic events. The prevalence of ARVD is about 1/10,000 in the general population in the United States, although some studies have suggested that it may be as common as 1/1,000. Recently, 1/200 were found to be carriers of mutations that predispose to ARVC. Based on these findings and other

title: Heart failure

text: tend to progress to failure of both ventricles. For example, left ventricular failure allows pulmonary edema and pulmonary hypertension to occur, which increase stress on the right ventricle. Right ventricular failure is not as deleterious to the other side, but neither is it harmless. Heart failure may also occur in situations of "high output" (termed "high-output heart failure"), where the amount of blood pumped is more than typical and the heart is unable to keep up. This can occur in overload situations (blood or serum infusions), kidney diseases, chronic severe anemia, beriberi (vitamin B/thiamine deficiency), hyperthyroidism, cirrhosis, Paget's disease, multiple

title: Pathophysiology of heart failure

text: slows down AV conduction such as a calcium channel blocker or a beta-blocker) is, therefore, of key importance to preventing acute decompensation. Left ventricular diastolic function can be determined through echocardiography by measurement of various parameters such as the E/A ratio (early-to-atrial left ventricular filling ratio), the E (early left ventricular filling) deceleration time, and the isovolumic relaxation time. Pathophysiology of heart failure The main pathophysiology of heart failure is a reduction in the efficiency of the heart muscle, through damage or overloading. As such, it can be caused by a wide number of conditions, including myocardial infarction (in which

text: evidence, it is thought that in most patients, additional factors such as other genes, athletic lifestyle, exposure to certain viruses, etc. may be required for a patient to eventually develop signs and symptoms of ARVC. It accounts for up to 17% of all sudden cardiac deaths in the young. In Italy, the prevalence is 40/10,000, making it the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in the young population. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD), or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), is an inherited heart disease. ARVD is caused by genetic defects of the parts of heart

title: Pathophysiology of heart failure

text: caused by diastolic dysfunction is generally described as the backward failure of the ventricle to adequately relax and typically denotes a stiffer ventricular wall. The "stiffness" and contractility of the ventricular walls in diastole was first described by Pierre-Simon Laplace. This causes inadequate filling of the ventricle and therefore results in an inadequate stroke volume (SV). SV is a mathematical term amenable to manipulation of many variables. The failure of ventricular relaxation also results in elevated end-diastolic pressures, and the end result is identical to the case of systolic dysfunction (pulmonary edema in left heart failure, peripheral edema in right

text: atrio-ventricular valves open (mitral valve at left side and tricuspid valve at right side) and the blood passes from the atria into the ventricles. First, ventricles are filled by a pressure gradient but near the end, atria contract (atrial kick) and force more blood to pass into ventricles. Atrial contraction is responsible for around 20% of the total filling blood volume. (In atrial fibrillation, this additional 20% filling volume is lost and the patient may experience systolic heart failure symptoms). Complete left ventricular filling is essential to maintain maximum cardiac output. Left ventricular filling is dependent upon ventricular relaxation and

title: Ventricular tachycardia

text: right ventricle, or due to a reentry circuit within the ventricle. The most common cause of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is scarring of the heart muscle from a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack). This scar cannot conduct electrical activity, so there is a potential circuit "around" the scar that results in the tachycardia. This is similar to the re-entrant circuits that are the cause of atrial flutter and the re-entrant forms of supraventricular tachycardia. Other rarer congenital causes of monomorphic VT include right ventricular dysplasia, and right and left ventricular outflow tract VT. Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, on the other hand, is

title: Heart arrhythmia

text: the most common type of ventricular tachycardia in otherwise healthy individuals. This defect is due to an electrical node in the right ventricle just before the pulmonary artery. When the node is stimulated, the patient will go into ventricular tachycardia, which does not allow the heart to fill with blood before beating again. Long QT syndrome is another complex problem in the heart and has been labeled as an independent factor in mortality. There are multiple methods of treatment for these including cardiac ablations, medication treatment, or lifestyle changes to have less stress and exercise. Automaticity refers to a cardiac

title: Management of heart failure

text: They take blood from the left ventricle and pump it through the aorta. LVADs are becoming more common and are often used in patients waiting for heart transplants. The final option, if other measures have failed, is heart transplantation or (temporary or prolonged) implantation of an artificial heart. These remain the recommended surgical treatment options. However, the limited number of hearts available for transplantation in a growing group of candidates, has led to the development of alternative surgical approaches to heart failure. These commonly involve surgical left ventricular remodeling. The aim of the procedures is to reduce the ventricle diameter

title: Heart

text: cardiomyopathies. Heart failure is frequently associated with weakness of the heart muscle in the ventricles (systolic heart failure), but can also be seen in patients with heart muscle that is strong but stiff (diastolic heart failure). The condition may affect the left ventricle (causing predominantly breathlessness), the right ventricle (causing predominantly swelling of the legs and an elevated jugular venous pressure), or both ventricles. Patients with heart failure are at higher risk of developing dangerous heart rhythm disturbances or arrhythmias. Cardiomyopathies are diseases affecting the muscle of the heart. Some cause abnormal thickening of the heart muscle (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), some

title: Myocardial infarction complications

text: heart to the point where it cannot pump effectively. Rupture of the intraventricular septum (the muscle separating the left and right ventricles) causes a ventricular septal defect with shunting of blood through the defect from the left side of the heart to the right side of the heart, which can lead to right ventricular failure as well as pulmonary overcirculation. Rupture of the papillary muscle may also lead to acute mitral regurgitation and subsequent pulmonary edema and possibly even cardiogenic shock. Since the electrical characteristics of the infarcted tissue change (see pathophysiology section), arrhythmias are a frequent complication. The re-entry

title: Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy

text: junctional reciprocating tachycardia, atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia, and atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia. Atrial fibrillation is the most common and well-studied etiology of TIC. There are no specific diagnostic criteria for TIC, and it can be difficult to diagnose for a number of reasons. First, in patients presenting with both tachycardia and cardiomyopathy, it can be difficult to distinguish which is the causative agent. Additionally, it can occur in patients with or without underlying structural heart disease. Previously normal left ventricular ejection fraction or left ventricular systolic dysfunction out of proportion to a patient’s underlying cardiac disease can be important clues to

text: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD), or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), is an inherited heart disease. ARVD is caused by genetic defects of the parts of heart muscle (also called "myocardium" or "cardiac muscle") known as desmosomes, areas on the surface of heart muscle cells which link the cells together. The desmosomes are composed of several proteins, and many of those proteins can have harmful mutations. The disease is a type of nonischemic cardiomyopathy that involves primarily the right ventricle. It is characterized by hypokinetic areas involving the free wall of the right ventricle, with fibrofatty

text: is a long asymptomatic lead-time in individuals with ARVD. While this is a genetically transmitted disease, individuals in their teens may not have any characteristics of ARVD on screening tests. Many individuals have symptoms associated with ventricular tachycardia, such as palpitations, light-headedness, or syncope. Others may have symptoms and signs related to right ventricular failure, such as lower extremity edema, or liver congestion with elevated hepatic enzymes. ARVD is a progressive disease. Over time, the right ventricle becomes more involved, leading to right ventricular failure. The right ventricle will fail before there is left ventricular dysfunction. However, by the time

title: Heart failure

text: infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia, and thyroid disease. Heart failure is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination, with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical

title: Heart failure

text: reduce the risk of severe life-threatening arrhythmias. The AICD does not improve symptoms or reduce the incidence of malignant arrhythmias but does reduce mortality from those arrhythmias, often in conjunction with antiarrhythmic medications. In people with left ventricular ejection (LVEF) below 35%, the incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) or sudden cardiac death is high enough to warrant AICD placement. Its use is therefore recommended in AHA/ACC guidelines. Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for people with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV) which enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart's pumping

text: ventricular beats typically have a right axis deviation. Multiple morphologies of ventricular tachycardia may be present in the same individual, suggesting multiple arrhythmogenic foci or pathways. Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) tachycardia is the most common VT seen in individuals with ARVD. In this case, the EKG shows a left bundle branch block (LBBB) morphology with an inferior axis. The differential diagnosis for the ventricular tachycardia due to ARVD include: In order to make the diagnosis of ARVD, a number of clinical tests are employed, including the electrocardiogram (EKG), echocardiography, right ventricular angiography, cardiac MRI, and genetic testing. 90% of

title: Myocardial infarction complications

text: a state called heart failure. There are different types of heart failure; left- or right-sided (or bilateral) heart failure may occur depending on the affected part of the heart, and it is a low-output type of failure. If one of the heart valves is affected, this may cause dysfunction, such as mitral regurgitation in the case of left-sided coronary occlusion that disrupts the blood supply of the papillary muscles. The incidence of heart failure is particularly high in patients with diabetes and requires special management strategies. Myocardial rupture is most common three to five days after myocardial infarction, commonly of

title: Ventricle (heart)

text: initiated in the SA node of the atrium but initiation can also occur in the Purkinje fibres of the ventricles, giving rise to premature ventricular contractions, also called ventricular extra beats. When these beats become grouped the condition is known as ventricular tachycardia. Another form of arrhythmia is that of the ventricular escape beat. This can happen as a compensatory mechanism when there is a problem in the conduction system from the SA node. The most severe form of arrhythmia is ventricular fibrillation which is the most common cause of cardiac arrest and subsequent sudden death. Ventricle (heart) A ventricle

title: Ventricular assist device

text: assist both ventricles (BiVAD). The type of ventricular assistance device applied depends upon the type of underlying heart disease, and upon the pulmonary arterial-resistance, which determines the workload of the right ventricle. The left-ventricle assistance device (LVAD) is the most common device applied to a defective heart (as it is sufficient in most cases -the right side of the heart is then often already able to make use of the heavily increased blood flow-), but when the pulmonary arterial-resistance is high, then an (additional) right-ventricle assistance device (RVAD) might be necessary to resolve the problem of cardiac circulation. If both

title: Heart failure

text: left ventricular systolic dysfunction" and "systolic heart failure". HFrEFe is associated with an ejection fraction of less than 40%. 2) Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Synonyms no longer recommended include "diastolic heart failure" and "heart failure with normal ejection fraction". HFpEF occurs when the left ventricle contracts normally during systole, but the ventricle is stiff and does not relax normally during diastole, which impairs filling. Heart failure symptoms are traditionally and somewhat arbitrarily divided into "left" and "right" sided, recognizing that the left and right ventricles of the heart supply different portions of the circulation. However, heart failure

text: the left ventricle can lead to diastolic dysfunction. Other causes of left ventricular stiffening include: Causes of isolated right ventricular diastolic failure are uncommon. These causes include: Structural changes that occur with HFpEF are often radically different from those associated with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Many patients experience increased thickening of the ventricular wall in comparison to chamber size, termed concentric hypertrophy. This leads to increased left ventricular mass and is typically accompanied by a normal, or slightly reduced, end diastolic filling volume. Conversely, HFrEF is typically associated with eccentric hypertrophy, characterized by an increase in cardiac

title: Ventricular septal defect

text: the inter ventricular septum and is as follows: Type 1 is sub aortic Type 3 also known as inlet (or AV canal type). Type 4 also known as muscular (trabecular) Type: Gerbode also known as left ventricular to right atrial communication Most cases do not need treatment and heal at the first years of life. Treatment is either conservative or surgical. Smaller congenital VSDs often close on their own, as the heart grows, and in such cases may be treated conservatively. Some cases may necessitate surgical intervention, i.e. with the following indications: 1. Failure of congestive cardiac failure to respond

title: Heart failure

text: Right-sided heart failure is often caused by pulmonary heart disease (cor pulmonale), which is usually caused by difficulties of the pulmonary circulation, such as pulmonary hypertension or pulmonic stenosis.

title: Heart failure

text: Heart failure Heart failure (HF), also known as chronic heart failure (CHF), is when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. Signs and symptoms of heart failure commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature. Chest pain, including angina, does not typically occur due to heart failure. Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial

title: Cardiac arrest

text: that supply the heart muscle with its blood supply. Structural heart disease not related to CAD (i.e. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital coronary artery anomalies, myocarditis) account for 10% of all SCDs. Examples of these include: cardiomyopathy, cardiac rhythm disturbances, myocarditis, hypertensive heart disease, and congestive heart failure. Left ventricular hypertrophy is thought to be a leading cause of SCD in the adult population. This is most commonly the result of longstanding high blood pressure which has caused secondary damage to the wall of the main pumping chamber of the heart, the left ventricle. A 1999 review of SCDs in the United

title: Cardiac resynchronization therapy

text: from the axillary or cephalic veins. Right ventricular access is direct, while left ventricular access is conferred via the coronary sinus (CS). CRT defibrillators (CRT-D) also incorporate the additional function of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), to quickly terminate an abnormally fast, life-threatening heart rhythm. CRT and CRT-D have become increasingly important therapeutic options for patients with moderate and severe heart failure. The key indication for CRT is left bundle branch block (LBBB) of the heart, a cardiac abnormality leading to delayed left ventricular contraction. LBBB causes a QRS prolongation of >120 ms on the electrocardiogram, contributing to poor left ventricular

title: Heart failure

text: capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES), which are delivered by a pacemaker-like device. CCM is particularly suitable for the treatment of heart failure with normal QRS complex duration (120 ms or less) and has been demonstrated to improve the symptoms, quality of life and exercise tolerance. CCM is approved for use in Europe, but not currently in North America. About one third of people with LVEF below 35% have markedly altered conduction to the ventricles, resulting in dyssynchronous depolarization of the right and left ventricles. This is especially problematic

title: Cardiomyopathy

text: that cannot be eliminated by medication or mechanical cardioversion. The goal of treatment is often symptom relief, and some patients may eventually require a heart transplant. Cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy is a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle. Early on there may be few or no symptoms. Some people may have shortness of breath, feel tired, or have swelling of the legs due to heart failure. An irregular heart beat may occur as well as fainting. Those affected are at an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Types of cardiomyopathy include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular

title: Heart failure


question: why dry ether is used in woods reaction

answers: to form a higher alkane

title: Dry distillation

text: through the condenser and may be burned to provide heat. The wood gas is only usable as fuel and consists typically of 17% methane; 2% hydrogen; 23% carbon monoxide; 38% carbon dioxide; 2% oxygen and 18% nitrogen. It has a gas calorific value of about 10.8 MJoules per m (290 BTU/cu.ft.) i.e. about one third the value of natural gas. When deciduous tree woods are subjected to distillation, the products are methanol (wood alcohol) and charcoal. The distillation of pine wood causes Pine tar and pitch to drip away from the wood and leave behind charcoal. Birch tar from birch

title: Dry distillation

text: bark is a particularly fine tar, known as "Russian oil", suitable for leather protection. The by-products of wood tar are turpentine and charcoal. Tar kilns are dry distillation ovens, historically used in Scandinavia for producing tar from wood. They were built close to the forest, from limestone or from more primitive holes in the ground. The bottom is sloped into an outlet hole to allow the tar to pour out. The wood is split into dimensions of a finger, stacked densely, and finally covered tight with dirt and moss. If oxygen can enter, the wood might catch fire, and the

title: Azeotrope

text: the last bit of water so tenaciously that only a very powerful desiccant such as sodium metal added to the liquid phase can result in completely dry ether. Anhydrous calcium chloride is used as a desiccant for drying a wide variety of solvents since it is inexpensive and does not react with most nonaqueous solvents. Chloroform is an example of a solvent that can be effectively dried using calcium chloride. When a salt is dissolved in a solvent, it always has the effect of raising the boiling point of that solvent – that is it decreases the volatility of the

title: Ether

text: in the presence of air or oxygen, ethers tend to form explosive peroxides, such as diethyl ether peroxide. The reaction is accelerated by light, metal catalysts, and aldehydes. In addition to avoiding storage conditions likely to form peroxides, it is recommended, when an ether is used as a solvent, not to distill it to dryness, as any peroxides that may have formed, being less volatile than the original ether, will become concentrated in the last few drops of liquid. The presence of peroxide in old samples of ethers may be detected by shaking them with freshly prepared solution of a

title: Diethyl ether

text: the protonated (electrophilic) ethanol molecule, producing water, a hydrogen ion and diethyl ether. This reaction must be carried out at temperatures lower than 150 °C in order to ensure that an elimination product (ethylene) is not a product of the reaction. At higher temperatures, ethanol will dehydrate to form ethylene. The reaction to make diethyl ether is reversible, so eventually an equilibrium between reactants and products is achieved. Getting a good yield of ether requires that ether be distilled out of the reaction mixture before it reverts to ethanol, taking advantage of Le Chatelier's principle. Another reaction that can be

title: Dry distillation

text: oxygen) is present, the wood will catch fire and burn when it reaches a temperature of about 400–500°C and the fuel product is wood ash. If wood is heated away from air, first the moisture is driven off. Until this is complete, the wood temperature remains at about 100–110°C. When the wood is dry its temperature rises, and at about 270°C, it begins to spontaneously decompose. This is the well known exothermic reaction which takes place in charcoal burning. At this stage evolution of the by-products of wood carbonization starts. These substances are given off gradually as the temperature rises

title: Petroleum ether

text: ethers are extremely volatile, have very low flash points, and present a significant fire hazard. Fires should be fought with foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical or carbon tetrachloride. The naphtha mixtures that are distilled at a lower boiling temperature have a higher volatility and, generally speaking, a higher degree of toxicity than the higher boiling fractions. Exposure to petroleum ether occurs most commonly by either inhalation or through skin contact. Petroleum ether is metabolized by the liver with a biological half-life of 46–48 h. Inhalation overexposure causes primarily central nervous system (CNS) effects (headaches, dizzines, nausea, fatigue, and incoordination). In

title: Dry distillation

text: and at about 450°C the evolution is complete. The solid residue, charcoal, is mainly carbon (about 70%) and small amounts of tarry substances which can be driven off or decomposed completely only by raising the temperature to above about 600°C. In the common practice of charcoal burning using internal heating of the charged wood by burning a part of it, all the by-product vapors and gas escapes into the atmosphere as smoke. The by-products can be recovered by passing the off-gases through a series of water to yield so-called wood vinegar (pyroligneous acid) and the non-condensible wood gas passes on

title: Diphenyl ether

text: as a flame retardant in the manufacture of paints and reinforced plastics. Diphenyl ether Diphenyl ether is the organic compound with the formula (CH)O. It is a colorless solid. This, the simplest diaryl ether, enjoys a variety of niche applications. Diphenyl ether and many of its properties were first reported as early as 1901. It is synthesized by a modification of the Williamson ether synthesis, here the reaction of phenol and bromobenzene in the presence of base and a catalytic amount of copper: Involving similar reactions, diphenyl ether is a significant side product in the high-pressure hydrolysis of chlorobenzene in

title: Ether

text: with C–O–C linkages are not considered ethers: Esters (R–C(=O)–O–R′), hemiacetals (R–CH(–OH)–O–R′), carboxylic acid anhydrides (RC(=O)–O–C(=O)R′). Ether molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds with each other, resulting in relatively low boiling points compared to those of the analogous alcohols. The difference in the boiling points of the ethers and their isomeric alcohols becomes lower as the carbon chains become longer, as the van der Waals interactions of the extended carbon chain dominates over the presence of hydrogen bonding. Ethers are slightly polar. The C–O–C bond angle in the functional group is about 110°, and the C–O dipoles do not cancel out. Ethers

title: Diethyl ether

text: Diethyl ether Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound in the ether class with the formula , sometimes abbreviated as (see Pseudoelement symbols). It is a colorless, highly volatile flammable liquid. It is commonly used as a solvent in laboratories and as a starting fluid for some engines. It was formerly used as a general anesthetic, until non-flammable drugs were developed, such as halothane. It has been used as a recreational drug to cause intoxication. Most diethyl ether is produced as a byproduct of the vapor-phase hydration of ethylene to make ethanol. This process uses solid-supported phosphoric acid

title: Diisopropyl ether

text: e.g. phenols, ethanol, acetic acid. DIPE is used as an antiknock agent. Diisopropyl ether can form explosive peroxides upon standing in air for long periods. This reaction proceeds more easily than for ethyl ether, due to the secondary carbon next to the oxygen atom. Antioxidants can be used to prevent this process. The stored solvent should therefore be tested for the presence of peroxides more often (recommended once every 3 months for diisopropyl ether vs. once every 12 months for ethyl ether). Peroxides may be removed by shaking the ether with a solution of iron(II) sulfate. For safety reasons, methyl

title: Ether

text: Alcohols add to electrophilically activated alkenes. Acid catalysis is required for this reaction. Often, mercury trifluoroacetate (Hg(OCOCF)) is used as a catalyst for the reaction generating an ether with Markovnikov regiochemistry. Using similar reactions, tetrahydropyranyl ethers are used as protective groups for alcohols. Epoxides are typically prepared by oxidation of alkenes. The most important epoxide in terms of industrial scale is ethylene oxide, which is produced by oxidation of ethylene with oxygen. Other epoxides are produced by one of two routes: Ether Ethers are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group—an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl

title: Dry distillation

text: depend on the nature of the raw material and the conditions under which the dry distillation is done. Decomposition within a temperature range of 450 to about 600°C is called carbonization or low-temperature degassing. At temperatures above 900°C, the process is called coking or high-temperature degassing. If coal is gasified to make coal gas or carbonized to make coke then Coal tar is among the by-products. When wood is heated above 270°C it begins to carbonize. If air is absent, the final product (since there is no oxygen present to react with the wood) is charcoal. If air (which contains

title: Diethyl ether

text: used for the preparation of ethers is the Williamson ether synthesis, in which an alkoxide (produced by dissolving an alkali metal in the alcohol to be used) performs a nucleophilic substitution upon an alkyl halide. It is particularly important as a solvent in the production of cellulose plastics such as cellulose acetate. Diethyl ether has a high cetane number of 85–96 and is used as a starting fluid, in combination with petroleum distillates for gasoline and Diesel engines because of its high volatility and low flash point. Ether starting fluid is sold and used in countries with cold climates, as

title: Pyrolysis oil

text: to react with the wood, is charcoal. If air, which contains oxygen, is present, the wood will catch fire and burn when it reaches a temperature of about 400-500 °C and the fuel product is wood ash. If wood is heated away from air, first the moisture is driven off and until this is complete, the wood temperature remains at about 100-110 °C. When the wood is dry its temperature rises and at about 270 °C it begins to spontaneously decompose and, at the same time, heat is evolved. This is the well known exothermic reaction which takes place in

title: Ether

text: alkanes. Epoxides, ketals, and acetals are unrepresentative classes of ethers and are discussed in separate articles. Important reactions are listed below. Although ethers resist hydrolysis, their polar bonds are cloven by mineral acids such as hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly. Methyl ethers typically afford methyl halides: These reactions proceed via onium intermediates, i.e. [RO(H)CH]Br. Some ethers undergo rapid cleavage with boron tribromide (even aluminium chloride is used in some cases) to give the alkyl bromide. Depending on the substituents, some ethers can be cloven with a variety of reagents, e.g. strong base. When stored

title: Ether

text: two substituents followed by "ether". For example, ethyl methyl ether (CHOCH), diphenylether (CHOCH). As for other organic compounds, very common ethers acquired names before rules for nomenclature were formalized. Diethyl ether is simply called "ether", but was once called "sweet oil of vitriol". Methyl phenyl ether is anisole, because it was originally found in aniseed. The aromatic ethers include furans. Acetals (α-alkoxy ethers R–CH(–OR)–O–R) are another class of ethers with characteristic properties. Polyethers are compounds with more than one ether group. The crown ethers are examples of small polyethers. Some toxins produced by dinoflagellates such as brevetoxin and ciguatoxin are

title: Dry distillation

text: The method has been used to obtain liquid fuels from coal and wood. It can also be used to break down mineral salts such as sulfates () through thermolysis, in this case producing sulfur dioxide (SO) or sulfur trioxide (SO) gas which can be dissolved in water to obtain sulfuric acid. By this method sulfuric acid was first identified and artificially produced. When substances of vegetable origin, e.g. coal, oil shale, peat or wood, are heated in the absence of air (dry distillation), they decompose into gas, liquid products and coke/charcoal. The yield and chemical nature of the decomposition products

title: Ether

text: elevated temperatures (about 125 °C). The reaction is catalyzed by acids, usually sulfuric acid. The method is effective for generating symmetrical ethers, but not unsymmetrical ethers, since either OH can be protonated, which would give a mixture of products. Diethyl ether is produced from ethanol by this method. Cyclic ethers are readily generated by this approach. Elimination reactions compete with dehydration of the alcohol: The dehydration route often requires conditions incompatible with delicate molecules. Several milder methods exist to produce ethers. Nucleophilic displacement of alkyl halides by alkoxides This reaction is called the Williamson ether synthesis. It involves treatment of

title: Demethylation

text: the methyl group of an aryl methyl ether is to reflux the ether in acetic acid and concentrated hydrobromic or hydroiodic acid. Historically, natural products such as codeine ("O"-methylmorphine) have also been demethylated in poor to moderate yields by heating the ether in the presence of pyridinium chloride at 220 °C, a process that is sometimes called the "Prey ether cleavage". Boron tribromide, which can be used at room temperature or below, is a more specialized reagent for the demethylation of aryl methyl ethers. The mechanism of ether dealkylation proceeds via the initial reversible formation of a Lewis acid-base adduct

title: Diphenyl ether

text: Diphenyl ether Diphenyl ether is the organic compound with the formula (CH)O. It is a colorless solid. This, the simplest diaryl ether, enjoys a variety of niche applications. Diphenyl ether and many of its properties were first reported as early as 1901. It is synthesized by a modification of the Williamson ether synthesis, here the reaction of phenol and bromobenzene in the presence of base and a catalytic amount of copper: Involving similar reactions, diphenyl ether is a significant side product in the high-pressure hydrolysis of chlorobenzene in the production of phenol. Related compounds are prepared by Ullmann reactions. The

title: Creosote

text: a methyl ether of pyrocatechin, while creosol is a methyl ether of methyl-pyrocatechin, the next homolog of pyrocatechin. Methyl ethers differ from simple phenols in being less hydrophilic, caustic and poisonous. This allows meat to successfully be preserved without tissue denaturation, and allows creosote to be used as a medical ointment. Because wood-tar creosote is used for its guaiacol and creosol content, it is generally derived from beechwood rather than other woods, since it distills with a higher proportion of those chemicals to other phenolics. The creosote can be obtained by distilling the wood tar and treating the fraction heavier

title: Tar

text: wood causes tar and pitch to drip away from the wood and leave behind charcoal. Birch bark is used to make particularly fine tar, known as "Russian oil", suitable for leather protection. The by-products of wood tar are turpentine and charcoal. When deciduous tree woods are subjected to destructive distillation, the products are methanol (wood alcohol) and charcoal. Tar kilns (, , , ) are dry distillation ovens, historically used in Scandinavia for producing tar from wood. They were built close to the forest, from limestone or from more primitive holes in the ground. The bottom is sloped into an

title: Wurtz reaction

text: The Wurtz reaction, named after Charles-Adolphe Wurtz, is a coupling reaction in organic chemistry, organometallic chemistry and recently inorganic main group polymers, whereby two alkyl halides are reacted with sodium metal in dry ether solution to form a higher alkane:

title: Tert-Amyl methyl ether

text: organic synthesis as a more environmentally friendly alternative to some of the classic ether solvents. It is characterized by a high boiling point (86 °C) and a low freezing point (−80 °C), allowing a wide range of reaction temperatures. TAME can be used as a safe reaction medium (e.g. condensation reactions, coupling reactions, such as Grignard reactions and Suzuki reactions, as well as metal hydride reductions) and as an extraction solvent to replace dichloromethane, aromatics, and other ethers. In an animal toxicology study, inhalation of high concentrations of TAME (4000 ppm) caused central nervous system depression, leading to death in

title: Starting fluid

text: or propane as both propellant and starting fuel. Historically, Diethyl ether, with a small amount of oil, a trace amount of a stabilizer and a hydrocarbon propellant has been used to help start internal combustion engines because of its low autoignition temperature. Diethyl ether is distinct from petroleum ether (a crude oil distillate consisting mostly of pentane and other alkanes) which has also been used for starting engines. Starting fluid is sprayed into the engine intake near the air filter, or into the carburetor bore or a spark plug hole of an engine to get added fuel to the combustion

title: Diethyl ether

text: of vitriol" ("oleum dulce vitrioli")—the name reflects the fact that it is obtained by distilling a mixture of ethanol and sulfuric acid (then known as oil of vitriol)—and noted some of its medicinal properties. At about the same time, Paracelsus discovered ether's analgesic properties in chickens. The name "ether" was given to the substance in 1729 by August Sigmund Frobenius. Diethyl ether Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound in the ether class with the formula , sometimes abbreviated as (see Pseudoelement symbols). It is a colorless, highly volatile flammable liquid. It is commonly used as a solvent

title: Diethyl ether

text: aqueous solution, the diethyl ether layer is on top as it has a lower density than the water. It is also a common solvent for the Grignard reaction in addition to other reactions involving organometallic reagents. Due to its application in the manufacturing of illicit substances, it is listed in the Table II precursor under the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances as well as substances such as acetone, toluene and sulfuric acid. William T. G. Morton participated in a public demonstration of ether anesthesia on October 16, 1846 at the Ether Dome in

title: Ether

text: are more polar than alkenes but not as polar as alcohols, esters, or amides of comparable structure. The presence of two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atoms makes hydrogen bonding with water molecules possible. Cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane are miscible in water because of the more exposed oxygen atom for hydrogen bonding as compared to linear aliphatic ethers. Other properties are: Ethers are quite stable chemical compounds which do not react with bases, active metals, dilute acids, oxidising agents, and reducing agents. Generally, they are of low chemical reactivity, but they are more reactive than

title: Wurtz reaction


question: where was the new pete's dragon filmed

answers: New Zealand

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: the El Capitan Theatre on August 8, 2016 and was theatrically released by Walt Disney Pictures in the United States in 2D, Disney Digital 3-D, and RealD 3D formats on August 12, 2016. The film received positive reviews from critics and has grossed $144 million worldwide against a $65 million production budget. In 1977, Pete Healy, a five-year-old boy, is on a road trip with his parents when their car flips off the road following a near-collision with a deer. Pete’s mom and dad are killed, but Pete survives the accident and is chased into the forest by a pack

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: took place (). The animators of the film opted to make Elliott look more like an oriental, rather than occidental, dragon because oriental dragons are usually associated with good. The film is the first involving animation in which none of the Nine Old Men – Disney's original team of animators – were involved. One technique used in the movie involved compositing with a yellowscreen that was originally used in "Mary Poppins" and similar to today's greenscreen compositing, whereby up to three scenes might be overlaid together – for example, a live foreground, a live background, and an animated middle ground

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: Pete's Dragon (1977 film) Pete's Dragon is a 1977 American live-action/animated musical fantasy comedy film directed by Don Chaffey, produced by Jerome Courtland and Ron Miller, and written by Malcolm Marmorstein. It is based on an unpublished short story of the same name, written by Seton I. Miller and S.S. Field. It stars Sean Marshall, Helen Reddy, Jim Dale, Mickey Rooney, Red Buttons, Jeff Conaway, Shelley Winters, and Charlie Callas. It revolves around an orphaned boy raised by an abusive hillbilly family who is friends with a dragon named Elliott. In 1957, the project was initially conceived as a two-part

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: containing Elliott. Ken Anderson, who created Elliott, explained that he thought it would be appropriate to make him "a little paunchy" and not always particularly graceful when it comes to flying. Don Hahn, who was an assistant director to Don Bluth on "Pete's Dragon", gained some experience working with a combination of live-action and animation before later going on to work on "Who Framed Roger Rabbit". "Pete's Dragon" premiered on November 3, 1977 at the Radio City Music Hall for its intended roadshow theatrical release, in which the film ran 134 minutes. For its general release, it was edited down

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: to be written by David Lowery and Toby Halbrooks, and directed by Lowery. Disney intended to rework the core story as a dramatic story, rather than a musical. It set the new work in the Pacific Northwest of the early 1980s, rather than the Northern New England of the early 1900s in the 1977 film. The film was shot in live-action using Panavision Panaflex cameras. The dragon, Elliot, was entirely animated by Weta Digital in CGI, instead of the original hand-drawn animation. On September 19, 2014, Disney cast Oakes Fegley and Oona Laurence to star as Pete and Natalie. On

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: idea and lobbied for Elliott to be seen more in his visible form during the film. In retrospect, Marmorstein conceded that "We tried a completely invisible dragon, but it was no fun. It was lacking. It's a visual medium, and you're making a film for kids." He also named the dragon "Elliott" after actor Elliott Gould (who was a friend from his theater days), and named the town "Passamaquoddy" after the real Native American tribe in Maine. In October 1975, the songwriting duo of Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn were assigned to compose the musical score. The production was directed

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: Pete's Dragon (2016 film) Pete's Dragon is a 2016 American fantasy comedy-drama adventure film directed by David Lowery, written by Lowery and Toby Halbrooks, and produced by James Whitaker. The film is a live-action reimagining of Disney's 1977 live-action/animated musical film of the same name written by Malcolm Marmorstein. The film stars Bryce Dallas Howard, Oakes Fegley, Wes Bentley, Karl Urban, Oona Laurence, and Robert Redford. The film tells the story of an orphaned feral boy who befriends a dragon in the Pacific Northwest, and the ensuing repercussions of their discovery by the town's local residents. "Pete's Dragon" premiered at

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: October 2, Barrie M. Osborne was set to be the executive producer for the film. On October 16, Robert Redford was in early talks to play a local storyteller who remembers seeing a dragon in the woods. On November 20, Bryce Dallas Howard was in talks for the female lead role, a forest ranger who finds the boy and does not believe his stories about a dragon. On January 7, 2015, Wes Bentley joined the cast of the film. On January 9, Michael C. Hall was also added to the cast. On January 29, Karl Urban replaced Hall. Principal photography

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: by British filmmaker Don Chaffey, who had made two smaller films for Disney in the early 1960s between directing larger fantasy adventures ("Jason and the Argonauts", "One Million Years B.C.") for others. The lighthouse for the film was built on Point Buchon Trail located south of Los Osos, California, substituting for Maine. It was equipped with such a large beacon that Disney had to get special permission from the Coast Guard to operate it, since doing so during filming would have confused passing ships. Pacific Gas and Electric opened the Point Buchon Trail and allows hikers access to where filming

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: Blu-ray, DVD and digital download on November 29, 2016. The film topped the home video sales charts for the week ending on December 4, 2016. Pete's Dragon (2016 film) Pete's Dragon is a 2016 American fantasy comedy-drama adventure film directed by David Lowery, written by Lowery and Toby Halbrooks, and produced by James Whitaker. The film is a live-action reimagining of Disney's 1977 live-action/animated musical film of the same name written by Malcolm Marmorstein. The film stars Bryce Dallas Howard, Oakes Fegley, Wes Bentley, Karl Urban, Oona Laurence, and Robert Redford. The film tells the story of an orphaned feral

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: to 121 minutes. It was later re-released on March 9, 1984 where it was shortened from 121 minutes to 104 minutes. The film was released on VHS in early 1980. It was re-released on VHS on October 28, 1994 as a part of Masterpiece Collection. It was originally slated to be released in the Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection line-up on December 5, 2000, but it was pushed back to January 16, 2001. The DVD includes bonus features such as two animated shorts "Lighthouse Keeping" and "Man, Monsters and Mysteries", two vintage excerpts from the "Disney Family Album" episode on

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: episode for the "Disneyland" television series, but it was shelved. It was later revived as a musical film in 1975. The film was released on November 3, 1977 to mixed reviews from critics though some praised the animation. The film was a moderate success, grossing $18 million over a $10 million budget. The song "Candle on the Water" received an Academy Award nomination, but lost to "You Light Up My Life" from the film of the same name. Reddy's recording (with a different arrangement than the one her character sings in the film) was released as a single by Capitol

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: million) representing its largest takings. Moreover, it also opened in France ($1.8 million). It had just a 1% drop in attendance in the U.K. in its second weekend. It expanded to Germany the following weekend and continued its roll out in Australia, Mexico, Brazil and Korea throughout September, and finally Japan on December 23, 2016. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 88%, based on 217 reviews, with an average rating of 7.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, ""Pete's Dragon" continues Disney's current live-action winning streak with an update that gives the original a visual overhaul

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: judgment. After a very tearful hug, Elliot returns to the mountains and Pete returns to live with Grace and Jack as his new family. In the years that follow, Grace and Jack marry and adopt Pete as their son. Not only has Elliot slowly faded from the town's memory, but Gavin has learned to be more scrupulous and has moved on from the experience. Pete and his family eventually go on vacation, and see that Elliot is finally reunited with his fellow dragons. In March 2013, Walt Disney Pictures announced it would remake "Pete's Dragon", as a non-musical, dramatic film

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: performed by Australian singer Helen Reddy (who played Nora in the original film), was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song in 1977. "Pete's Dragon" grossed $76.2 million in North America and $67.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $143.7 million, against a budget of $65 million. In the United States and Canada, "Pete's Dragon" opened on August 12, 2016, across 3,702 theaters, of which 2,884 were in 3D, and 150 were premium large-format screens, as well as in 57 D-Box and 16 Dolby Cinema sites. It was projected to gross $20–25 million in its opening

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: of the "Chicago Tribune" gave the film two stars out of four and wrote that "we get the same tired Disney formula: a gooey-faced kid in a phony sound-stage world populated by old actors required to perform ancient vaudeville routines ... Compared to the great Disney animation classics, 'Pete's Dragon' is just TV fare on the wide screen." Gary Arnold of "The Washington Post" wrote that the film "was apparently meant to be a big, rousing musical comedy-fantasy, but it's staged and photographed without musical-comedy energy, flair or coordination ... Perhaps children can be counted on to enjoy Elliott's mugging

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: Production concluded on April 30, 2015. Academy Award-winning composer Howard Shore was originally chosen to write the music for the film. He was replaced during post-production by Daniel Hart, who had previously worked with director Lowery on other films, most notably "Ain't Them Bodies Saints" (2013). The soundtrack was released on August 12, 2016 by Walt Disney Records. Candle on the Water was the only original song to be featured on the 2016 soundtrack from the 1977 soundtrack. Though the song was not used in the film, it was re-recorded by Okkervil River for the 2016 soundtrack. The original version,

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: whose cement was stepped in by Elliott. Dinah Anne Rogers has an uncredited role as one of the townsfolk, as does Dennis Stewart, who plays a fisherman, and Debbie Fresh is also uncredited as a "Child/Dancer/Singer". In December 1957, Walt Disney Productions optioned the film rights to the short story titled "Pete's Dragon and the U.S.A. (Forever After)" that was written by Seton I. Miller and S.S. Field, in which Miller was hired to write the script. Impressed with his performance in "Old Yeller", Walt Disney had child actor Kevin Corcoran in mind to star in the project as a

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: of live-action and animation as "never before more effectively realized" and commented that the film suffered "whenever Elliott is off screen." John Skow of "Time" wrote the film was "likeable fantasy", but dismissed the musical numbers as "a good opportunity to line up for more popcorn." Charles Champlin of the "Los Angeles Times" wrote, "At 2 hours 7 minutes it is a trying span for small sitters. The animated excitements keep stopping for songs by Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn, but they are not showstoppers in the grand sense. Bland, perfunctory and too numerous is more like it." Gene Siskel

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: feature-length film. However, Disney considered the project to be more appropriate for his "Disneyland" anthology program, by which it was slated to be filmed as a two-part episode in the following year. In February 1958, "Variety" reported that filming was scheduled to begin in October. By the following spring, veteran screenwriter Noel Langley had completed his draft of the script. However, Disney was still unsure of how to approach the project, and the project was placed in turnaround. In 1968, writers Bill Raynor and Myles Wilder were hired to write the script, and completed their outline in October. They submitted

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: to warn the townsfolk. In a seaside cave, Pete scolds Elliott for causing trouble. Just as they make up, Lampie's daughter, Nora, appears saying due to the ongoing tides from the sea, it is unsafe for Pete to stay in there, then offers him food and shelter at the lighthouse, which he accepts. Pete tells Nora of the abuse he suffered at the hands of the Gogans, and as she offers to let him spend the night at the lighthouse, they strike up a friendship. He learns the story of her fiancé, Paul, whose ship was reported lost at sea

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: a cash grab. Glenn Kenny of "The New York Times" felt mixed about the film in his review saying, "It is slightly unfair to say that this reboot of "Pete's Dragon" is middling on a larger scale, but it's not entirely inaccurate either." Michael O'Sullivan of "The Washington Post" gave the film two out of four stars and wrote, "While "Pete's Dragon" does a fine job of evoking the delight one might feel at flying over hill and dale on the back of a mythological creature, it is less successful in rendering real human emotion." "Pete's Dragon" was released on

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: the year before. He promises to ask Elliott about Paul, and she accepts, believing Elliott to be his imaginary friend. The next morning, Dr. Terminus and his assistant, Hoagy, arrive and win over the gullible townspeople who are initially angered by their return. The day after, the local fishermen complain about the scarcity of fish and believe Pete is the cause. Nora tells them that the fishing grounds shift from time to time and Pete should be welcomed into town. She takes him to start school, where he is punished unfairly by the teacher, Miss Taylor, as a result of

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: of the animated Elliott; he also found the "Mary Poppinsish ending" to be "thoroughly unmotivated", because Pete's life before meeting Elliott is never fleshed out. In 2006, Elliott was ranked fifth on a top 10 list of movie dragons by Karl Heitmueller for MTV Movie News. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 50% based on 24 reviews, with an average rating of 4.8/10. The site's consensus states: "Boring and slow, this is a lesser Disney work, though the animation isn't without its charms." During its initial release, the film grossed $18 million

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: comforts Elliott by telling him if that anyone can help that kid, he can. He flies away as Pete and his new family wave good-bye to him. The film ends with Pete reminding him once again he is supposed to be invisible. Al Checco, Henry Slate, and Jack Collins appear in the film as local fishermen. Robert Easton plays a store proprietor, and Roger Price is seen as a man with a visor. Robert Foulk plays an old sea captain. Ben Wrigley is the egg vendor that Elliott accidentally knocks into the Mayor and Joe Ross plays the cement man

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: without overwhelming its sweet, soulful charm." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 71 out of 100, based on 42 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A". The movie was given three-and-a-half out of four stars in "The New York Post" by Kyle Smith who called it, "A cinematic enchantment" as well as, "one of the year’s best movies." Peter Travers of "Rolling Stone" gave the film 3 out of 4 stars and wrote, "Thanks to director David Lowery's humanizing magic, this tale of an orphan boy and a

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: weekend. The film did not have Thursday night previews, and made $7 million on its first day, Friday. In its opening weekend, it earned $21.5 million, finishing third at the box office, behind "Suicide Squad" and "Sausage Party". The opening was reminiscent of Disney's July release "The BFG", which also carried strong reviews into the weekend only to deliver $18.7 million in its first three days, and far from the $67–116 million debuts of other Disney live action-adaptations, such as "Cinderella", "Maleficent", "", "The Jungle Book" and "Alice in Wonderland". However, many box office critics did not worry about the

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

text: its second Friday (-55%), it fell just by 47.2% on its second weekend, grossing $11.3 million. On its third weekend, it fell just by 35%, grossing $7.3 million. The following weekend, "Pete's Dragon" declined only 14.7%, grossing $6.5 million and moved up to fourth place. Outside North America, "Pete's Dragon" received a scattered release pattern. The film was released day-and-date in conjucture with its U.S. premiere in 12 markets (roughly 30% of the overseas market), including the United Kingdom, Italy, and Russia. It earned a total of $5.3 million, with Russia ($1.5 million), Italy ($1.4 million) and the U.K. ($1.1

title: Pete's Dragon (1977 film)

text: Records, reaching #27 on the Adult Contemporary charts. The film also received a nomination for Original Song Score and Its Adaptation or Adaptation Score, losing to "A Little Night Music". In the early 1900s, Pete flees the Gogans, his abusive hillbilly foster family, with help from Elliott, a green fire-breathing dragon who can make himself invisible. Pete and Elliott visit Passamaquoddy, where the unseen Elliott's clumsiness causes Pete to be labeled a source of bad luck. Lampie, the lighthouse keeper, stumbles out of a tavern and encounters Pete. Elliott makes himself visible and a terrified Lampie runs into the saloon

title: Pete's Dragon (2016 film)

long_answer: Principal photography commenced in January 2015 in New Zealand, with Lowery directing. Rehearsals began early January 2015, while news reported the beginning of the shooting on January 26, 2015, set to last through April. Live-action filming locations included Bay of Plenty, Taupo and Wellington, while CGI was done at Stone Street Studios. On February 10, 2015, a press release confirmed that principal photography had commenced. Shooting took place in and around Wellington and Rotorua, before transferring to Tapanui, where the old Blue Mountain Lumber mill was used as the mill in the film, and the main street became Millhaven for two weeks. Production concluded on April 30, 2015.


question: is it marley and me or marley and i

answers: Marley & Me

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: and the sadness." Peter Bradshaw of "The Guardian" was unimpressed, awarding the film one out of five stars and commenting, "the relentless gooey yuckiness and fatuous stereotyping in this weepy feelbad comedy gave me the film critic's equivalent of a boiling hot nose," while Philip French of "The Observer" said, "the one redeeming feature is the presence as Wilson's editor of that great deadpan, put-on artist Alan Arkin, a comedian who can do a double-take without moving his head." Further criticism came from Colm Andrew of the Manx Independent who said that "Marley himself is surprisingly one-dimensional" and the ending

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: Metacritic, the film has a score of 53 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Todd McCarthy of "Variety" said the film is "as broad and obvious as it could be, but delivers on its own terms thanks to sparky chemistry between its sunny blond stars, Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston, and the unabashed emotion-milking of the final reel. Fox has a winner here, likely to be irresistible to almost everyone but cats ... Animated and emotionally accessible, Aniston comes off better here than in most of her feature films, and Wilson spars well with

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: it pays off . . . [It] isn't extraordinary cinema, but it relates to everyday people in the audience in a way that few movies do without being dull." Walter Addiego of the "San Francisco Chronicle" said, "this love letter to man's best friend will make dog fanciers roll over and do tricks. It's so warmhearted, you'll want to run out and hug the nearest big, sloppy mutt." The praise continued with Carrie Rickey of "The Philadelphia Inquirer" awarding the film three out of four stars and saying, ""Marley and Me" operates on the assumption that happiness is a warm

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: her, even if, in the film's weaker moments, he shows he's on less certain ground with earnest material than he is with straight-faced impertinence." Kirk Honeycutt of "The Hollywood Reporter" observed that "seldom does a studio release feature so little drama - and not much comedy either, other than when the dog clowns around . . . [W]hatever "Marley" wants to be about - the challenges of marriage or the balancing act between career and family - gets subsumed by pet tricks. Dog lovers won't care, and that basically is the audience for the film. From Fox's standpoint, it may

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: From a litter of newborn yellow Labrador retrievers they select Marley (named after reggae singer Bob Marley), who immediately proves to be incorrigible. They take him to Ms. Kornblut (Kathleen Turner), who firmly believes any dog can be trained, but when Marley refuses to obey commands, she blows her whistle and Marley runs towards her and tackles her, pinning her to the ground and humping her on her leg. That gets Marley too far and Ms. Kornblut expels him from her class. Editor Arnie Klein (Alan Arkin) offers John a twice-weekly column in which he can discuss the fun and

title: Rachel Marley

text: 1999 to 2000 Marley appeared alongside Lisa McCune, John Waters and Bert Newton. Marley contributed to the Australian cast recording, which was recorded live on 23 and 24 November 1999. Marley won the leading role of Annie, in the Australian production of "Annie", which premiered in December 2000. She told Jane Albert of "The Australian" that she was prepared to dye her blonde hair bright red for the role. Marley starred alongside Anthony Warlow. Marley performed the song, "Tomorrow" at Carols In The Domain in December 2000 after arriving by helicopter. In June 2002, for her performances in both "The

title: Rachel Marley

text: Sound of Music" and "Annie", Marley won the Young Entertainer of the Year category at the 13th Annual Ricky May Heart Awards. She played the nine-year-old Guido in a Lasalle College production of "Nine", and in 2010 she portrayed Olive Ostrovsky in "The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee". A highlight of which was Marley's performance of "The I Love You Song". In November 2010, Marley played three roles in "The Heidi Chronicles": Jill, Lisa and Denise. In 2010 she also appeared in "Blood Wedding", "Sweet Charity" (as Rosie) and "Siren". In February 2012 she starred as Martha Bessel in

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: as a reporter with "The Philadelphia Inquirer" with Jenny's blessing, and the family moves to a farm in rural Pennsylvania. John soon realizes that he is a better columnist than reporter and pitches the column idea to his editor. Life is idyllic until the aging Marley begins to show signs of arthritis and deafness. An attack of gastric dilatation volvulus almost kills him, but he recovers. When a second attack occurs, it becomes clear surgery will not help him, and Marley is euthanized with John at his side. The family pay their last respects to their beloved pet as they

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: tongue bath. And those who endorse this belief will enjoy this shaggy dog story . . . The anecdotal structure does not make for a gripping movie. For one thing, there's no conflict, unless you count the tension between a guy and his untrainable pooch. Yet "Marley" boasts animal magnetism . . . Mawkish? Sometimes. But often very funny and occasionally very moving." The film also had bad reviews though, with Betsy Sharkey of the "Los Angeles Times" calling it "an imperfect, messy and sometimes trying film that has moments of genuine sweetness and humor sprinkled in between the saccharine

title: Marley Love

text: Marley Love Marley Love is a fictional character from the NBC daytime soap opera "Another World". After "AW" was cancelled, the character crossed over to the CBS daytime soap opera "As the World Turns" for guest appearances between 2000 and 2003. Marley was born into the wealthy Love family and led a privileged life. Despite her upbringing, Marley was kind, modest, and shy. Neither did Marley know she had an identical twin sister Vicky and their biological parents were teenage sweethearts Michael Hudson and Donna Love. Vicky was given up for adoption while Marley grew up believing Donna's parents, Reginald

title: Rachel Marley

text: Rachel Marley Rachel Claire Marley (born 26 April 1990) is an Australian singer and actress. Her first major role was as Marta von Trapp in the 1999 Australian revival of "The Sound of Music". She won the leading role of Annie, in the local production of "Annie", which premiered in December 2000. In June 2002, Marley won the Young Entertainer of the Year category at the 13th Annual Ricky May Heart Awards for her performances in both "The Sound of Music" and "Annie". In February 2012 she starred as Martha in "Spring Awakening" in Singapore with the PangDemonium! production company.

title: Marley & Me

text: in first-person narrative, the book portrays Grogan and his family's life during the thirteen years that they lived with their dog Marley, and the relationships and lessons from this period. Marley, a yellow Labrador Retriever, is described as a high-strung, boisterous, and somewhat uncontrolled dog. He is strong, powerful, endlessly hungry, eager to be active, and often destructive of their property (but completely without malice). Marley routinely fails to "get the idea" of what humans expect of him; at one point, mental illness is suggested as a plausible explanation for his behavior. His acts and behaviors are forgiven, however, since

title: Marley (film)

text: he didn’t really belong to anyone. You’re in-between. You’re black and white; so you’re not even black.” Livingston also comments that Marley was harassed in school for being mixed race. On his race, Marley stated: "I don't have prejudice against meself. My father was a white and my mother was black. Them call me half-caste or whatever. Me don't deh pon nobody's side. Me don't deh pon the black man's side nor the white man's side. Me deh pon God's side, the one who create me and cause me to come from black and white." Marley’s journey to become a

title: Marley & Me

text: it is clear that he has a heart of gold and is merely living within his nature. Marley was filmed for a two-minute credited appearance in the 1996 movie "The Last Home Run". The strong contrast between the problems and tensions caused by his neuroses and behavior, and the undying devotion, love and trust shown towards the human family as they themselves have children and grow up to accept him for what he is, and their grief when he finally dies from gastric dilatation volvulus (a stomach torsion condition) in old age, form the backdrop for the biographical material of

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: a total of $51.7 million over the four-day weekend and placed #1 at the box office, a position it maintained for two weeks. The film ended its run having grossed $143,153,751 in the US and $99,563,362 in foreign markets for a total worldwide box office of $242,717,113. 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released the film on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on March 31, 2009. Viewers have the option of a single disc or a two-disc set called the "Bad Dog Edition". The film is in anamorphic widescreen format with audio tracks in English, French, and Spanish and subtitles in English

title: Marley Love

text: and asked her to move in. Jake was furious and moved out. Luckily, Jake came to his senses, reconciled with Vicky, and came around to forgiving Marley. Marley met lawyer Tyrone Montgomery and they began dating. Marley Love Marley Love is a fictional character from the NBC daytime soap opera "Another World". After "AW" was cancelled, the character crossed over to the CBS daytime soap opera "As the World Turns" for guest appearances between 2000 and 2003. Marley was born into the wealthy Love family and led a privileged life. Despite her upbringing, Marley was kind, modest, and shy. Neither

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: bury him beneath a tree in their front yard. Because the film covers 14 years in the life of the dog, 22 different yellow labradors played the part of Marley (as revealed in the special feature Finding Marley on the DVD). The film was shot on location in Florida's West Palm Beach, Fort Lauderdale, Hollywood, Miami, and Dolphin Stadium, in addition to Philadelphia and West Chester in Pennsylvania. The Irish honeymoon scenes were shot in and around Ballynahinch Castle, Connemara, County Galway, Ireland. The film's score was composed by Theodore Shapiro, who previously had worked with director Frankel on "The

title: Ziggy Marley

text: An indie rock act belonging to his longtime percussionist Angel Roché Jr. Ziggy co-wrote the song "Home" with them, it was released in 2014 on Avian Recording Company. The song can be heard on Season 3 of the WIGS (web channel) series Blue (web series) starring Julia Stiles. In 2016, he appeared in the TV series Hawaii Five-0 (season 6) Episode 16. Marley was featured in the song "Life Is A Honeymoon" with Florida Georgia Line, a popular single off of FGL's third studio album Dig Your Roots, which was released in August 2016. Ziggy Marley David Nesta "Ziggy" Marley

text: Is This Love (Bob Marley & The Wailers song) "Is This Love" is a song by Bob Marley and the Wailers, released on their 1978 album "Kaya". The song became one of the best-known Marley songs and was part of the "Legend" compilation. It peaked at number 9 in the UK charts upon its release in 1978. A live rendition of the song can be found on the "Babylon by Bus" live album from Paris in 1978. A music video was also produced, shot at the Keskidee Arts Centre in London; in the video, supermodel Naomi Campbell, then seven years

title: Wild and Free

text: Wild and Free Wild and Free is the fourth solo studio album of Jamaican singer, Ziggy Marley. The album was released on June 14, 2011. "Wild and Free" was produced by Don Was at Ocean Way Studios in Hollywood, California. In an interview with "Billboard", Marley stated that the first single will be "Forward to Love" inspired by his wife Orly Marley. Marley concluded by saying, "I don't think I'm going to get enough time this year to really explore this album live," Marley notes, "so I'm looking for next year for it to be really about this album. I'll

title: Elsie Marley

text: 1825. Ralph was cited as one of Cuthbert Sharp's informants in his notes on the song "Elsie Marley". Elsie Marley gave her name to a spirited and lively jig, as well as a humorous song to the same tune, about her life. The lyric is in the same metre as the verse on the sign of The Swan, which may well be deliberate. One verse of the song, not printed in Ritson's early version, but noted by Sharp some years later as being current in the neighbourhood, reads: <poem style="margin-left=2 em"> Elsie Marley wore a straw hat But now she's

title: Escape to Margaritaville

text: ("Cheeseburger in Paradise"). Chadd sees them eating the burgers and tells Tammy that he can't love her if she's fat, causing Tammy to punch him and call the wedding off. J.D. and Marley discuss about the time they slept together ten years ago, and admit that they have feelings for each other. Tully enters and tells Rachel that he loves her, to which Rachel isn't sure how to respond. Tully plays a song to remind her of their time together on the island ("Tin Cup Chalise"). She admits that she has feelings for Tully, but they are too different and

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: after their wedding, John and Jenny Grogan (Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston) escape the brutal Michigan winters and relocate to a cottage in South Florida, where they are hired as reporters for competing newspapers. At "The Palm Beach Post", Jenny immediately receives prominent front-page assignments, while at the "South Florida Sun-Sentinel", John finds himself writing obituaries and two-paragraph articles about mundane news like a fire at the local garbage dump. When John senses Jenny is contemplating motherhood, his friend and co-worker Sebastian Tunney (Eric Dane) suggests the couple adopt a dog to see if they're ready to raise a family.

title: Marley (surname)

text: However, in some cases the surname in Ireland may be an Anglicised form of the Irish-language "Ó Mearthaile" (another suggestion is "Ó Mearlaigh"; it is unlikely to be an Anglicised form of "Ó Murghaile"). Notable people with the surname include: Fictional characters: Marley (surname) Marley is an English-language surname with numerous etymological origins. In many cases, the surname is derived from any of several like-named placenames in England, such as those in Devon, Kent, Lancashire ("Mearley"), Sussex ("Marley Farm") and West Yorkshire. The placenames in Devon, Kent, and West Yorkshire are, in part, derived from the Old English element "leah",

title: Marley & Me (film)

text: Marley & Me is a 2008 American comedy-drama film about the titular dog, Marley. It was directed by David Frankel and the screenplay by Scott Frank and Don Roos is based on the memoir of the same name by John Grogan. The film stars Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston as Marley's owners. Marley & Me was released in the United States and Canada on December 25, 2008, and set a record for the largest Christmas Day box office ever with $14.75 million in ticket sales. The film was followed by a 2011 direct-to-video prequel, Marley & Me: The Puppy Years.

title: Marley (film)

text: was the overall message in his music: "I don’t really have any ambition, you know? I only have one thing I’d really like to see happen. I’d like to see mankind living together. Black, White, Chinese , everyone. That’s all." During the credits, it shows people from many countries singing the performing “Get Up, Stand Up” and “One Love”. Interviews conducted and featured include: Cedella Marley Booker, Rita Marley, Bunny Livingston, Ziggy Marley, Cindy Breakspeare, Aston Barrett, Constance Marley (half-sister), Peter Marley (second cousin), Chris Blackwell, Peter Tosh, Lee Jaffe, Donald Kinsey, Edward Seaga, Judy Mowatt and Junior Marvin. The

title: Marley's Ghost (band)

text: Marley's Ghost (band) Marley's Ghost is a band based in Northern California which has existed since the mid-1980s and has recorded 12 albums. While their music has a strong bluegrass emphasis, their musical style is diverse. "Paste" magazine has described them as "a decidedly unusual band, as capable of reanimating Appalachian folk songs as they are traditional Celtic fare, honky tonk and reggae." Wheetman, Wilcox and Phelan met in March 1986 in the San Fernando Valley during St. Patrick's Day shows. That winter, Wheetman went to Littlefield's studio to record a solo album, bringing Wilcox and Phelan. They ended up

title: Escape to Margaritaville

text: Stink, and I Don't Love Jesus"). Tully and Rachel prepare to go snorkeling and Marley notices something different about Tully. He then admits to her that he thinks he's in love with Rachel. After swearing that she wouldn't tell anyone, she tells some guests, and word spreads around the hotel. Tully and Rachel spend the rest of the week in bed and on the beach, causing Tully to miss work. Brick tries to help keep Tammy from giving into her urge to sleep with him. On her last night on the island, he suggests they do something to distract her

title: Marley Love

text: and Marley realized they should be together and began officially dating. They were happy for a time, but it became clear neither of them wanted anything too serious. Marley realized she and Dennis were not meant to be and broke up with him. Dennis subsequently left town. Marley continued to be the shoulder to cry on for her friends and family, particularly her sister. Marley eventually moved to San Francisco for a new life. She appeared for Vicky's wedding to Jake, where she gave them her blessing. She also came back for Michael's funeral. Marley returned to live in Bay

title: New Waves

text: Home" featuring Stephen Marley was released on March 24, 2017. The song was produced by Damizza and Dutch producers Avedon & Clifford Golio. The song's accompanying music video was released on May 8, 2017. The album's second single, titled "If Heaven Had a Cellphone" featuring American R&B singer Tank was released on June 9, 2017 accompanied by a music video. The track is a lyrical follow-up to the Bone Thugs-n-Harmony hit “Crossroads”. The album's third single, titled "Fantasy" featuring Jesse Rankins was released on June 16, 2017 accompanied by a music video. The music video for "Change the Story" featuring

title: Marley & Me (film)


question: where was a hologram for the king filmed

answers: Morocco

answers: Berlin and Düsseldorf in Germany

answers: Berlin

answers: Hurghada in Egypt

answers: Düsseldorf in Germany

answers: Egypt

answers: Germany

title: A Hologram for the King

text: A Hologram for the King A Hologram for the King is a 2012 American novel written by Dave Eggers. In October 2012, the novel was announced as a finalist for the National Book Award. It was adapted as a film of the same name, released in 2016 and starring Tom Hanks and Sarita Choudhury. The novel tells the story of a washed-up, desperate American salesman, Alan Clay, who travels to Saudi Arabia to secure the IT contract from the royal government for a massive new complex being built in the middle of the desert. Michiko Kakutani describes the novel as

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: was a box-office flop, becoming the lowest-grossing film to feature Tom Hanks in top billing since "Every Time We Say Goodbye" in 1986. Alan Clay (Tom Hanks) is a salesman for American tech company Relyand who is sent to sell a holographic teleconferencing system to the Saudi government by overseeing a presentation for the king. The only reason he was offered the job in Saudi Arabia was that he had once met a nephew of the king. Alan is haunted by his former job at bicycle manufacturer Schwinn where he was responsible for outsourcing production to China which led to

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: writing to Kit telling her that the deal did not happen but that he has taken a well-paid job in Saudi Arabia (implied to be selling office space and apartments in new developments) and that he has found a new positive force in his life (implied to be Zahra, with whom he has started a relationship). On June 12, 2013, Tom Tykwer was reported to be developing an adaptation of 2012 novel "A Hologram for the King", written by Dave Eggers. Tykwer wrote and directed the film, which stars Tom Hanks as the lead. The film was made by Playtone,

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: development he is repeatedly put off and confined to the tent outside the office building. So one day, he slips inside the building and meets Danish executive Hanne (Sidse Babett Knudsen). She is sympathetic to his plight but cannot help him get in contact with the king or Karim Al-Ahmed. But she offers him some alcohol, something which he has missed since arriving in Saudi Arabia. In the evening, Alan gets drunk using the alcohol obtained from Hanne, and tries to cut open a lump he had noticed earlier on his back. Waking the next day, covered with blood from

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: several hundred people losing their jobs and, in the long run, the financial ruin of the company. He is also depressed because of a messy and costly divorce which leaves him destitute and unable to financially support his daughter Kit (Tracey Fairaway). Oversleeping on the first day because of jet lag, he misses the shuttle bus to the development called the King's Metropolis of Economy and Trade (a fictionalized version of King Abdullah Economic City), where the sales presentation is to take place. Because of this he rents a car with a driver. The driver, Yousef (Alexander Black), immediately tells

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: the cut, he goes to a hospital where his doctor is Zahra (Sarita Choudhury). They have an immediate connection. She performs a biopsy and asks him to return in a few days for the result. After more days in the tent without progress in meeting the king or Karim Al-Ahmed, Alan is invited by Hanne to a party at the Danish consulate, where she tries to seduce him. Alan, however, rejects her advances. The next day, having discovered that air conditioning in the tent has broken down, Alan becomes upset. He once again slips into the office building of the

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: finishing 11th at the box office. With a total worldwide gross of $8,244,651 (U.S. domestic gross of $4,212,494), it is the lowest-grossing film to feature Tom Hanks in top billing since "Every Time We Say Goodbye" in 1986. A Hologram for the King (film) A Hologram for the King is a 2016 comedy-drama film directed, written and co-scored by Tom Tykwer, based on the 2012 novel of the same name written by Dave Eggers, and starring Tom Hanks as a washed-up corporate salesman, who goes to Saudi Arabia to propose a business deal. Sidse Babett Knudsen, Tom Skerritt and Sarita

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: he fears even more for his life because the husband of the woman that Yousef is interested in has threatened him. He decides to flee to his home town over the weekend to let things cool down and Alan decides to go with him. After returning from the weekend, Alan learns that his lump is dangerous and should be removed the next day. When returning to the development, Alan notices that the technical problems have indeed been taken care of and he is informed that the king will actually watch the presentation that day. The presentation seems to be a

title: A Hologram for the King

text: the novel as "an extraordinary work of timely and provocative themes, including the decline of American manufacturing, the sufferings of the middle class and the collapse of the global economy." A film adaptation by the same name was released in 2016. German filmmaker Tom Tykwer wrote and directed the film, starring Tom Hanks, Tom Skerritt and Sarita Choudhury. Playtone and X-Filme Creative Pool produced it. A Hologram for the King A Hologram for the King is a 2012 American novel written by Dave Eggers. In October 2012, the novel was announced as a finalist for the National Book Award. It

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: him that he is in contact with a woman and her wealthy husband is jealous, leading Yousef to fear for his life. After arriving at the development, Alan is informed that neither the king nor his direct contact, Karim Al-Ahmed (Khalid Laith), are there. He furthermore sees that his team is placed in a tent outside the office building where there is no working internet connection and no food. Over the following few days Alan repeatedly oversleeps and each time has to call on Yousef to drive him to the development, both becoming closer during the long drives. At the

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: confusion, perplexity, frustration and panic," praising Tom Hanks's ability to turn it into "an agreeably uncomfortable comedy," meriting a "Critic's Pick" designation. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 73% based on 139 reviews and an average rating of 6.2/10. The site's critical consensus reads, ""A Hologram for the King" amiably ambles through a narrative desert, saved by an oasis of a performance from the ever-dependable Tom Hanks." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 59 out of 100 based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". The film grossed $1.1 million in its opening weekend,

title: Sameera Aziz

text: making this film is to promote Saudi tourism and to present a modern and educated Saudi youth to show the world that the new generation of Saudis are confident, friendly and educated people, contrary to the idea that 'Saudis are the camel riders'. She responded harshly to the Hollywood film A Hologram for the King (film) for portraying her country Saudi Arabia as backward and uncivilized. Calling it ‘the fictional garbage of lies,’ she vowed to answer Tom Hanks by making her own Bollywood movie ‘REEM-The True Story’in several languages. “A Hologram for the King has actually raised my ire

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: development and finally meets Karim Al-Ahmed. Alan tells Karim about all his grievances: the tent with improper air conditioning, bad internet connection and missing food. Karim ensures him that he will take care of the problems but cannot give him a date for the presentation to the king. One day, he has a panic attack in the hotel and, mistaking it for a stroke, calls Zahra and Yousef. Yousef, arriving shortly after Zahra, notices how close they are and, after she leaves, chastises Alan for endangering her by making advances to her, something Alan vehemently denies. Yousef then confesses that

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: success. Afterwards, Alan again rejects Hanne's advances. The next day the operation is started by a doctor unknown to Alan but, at the last moment, Zahra takes over, to the delight of Alan. After the procedure, which is successful, Alan and Zahra exchange increasingly personal and intimate e-mails which culminate in a secret meeting between the two. They talk about their families, with Zahra explaining that she has children and is going through a messy divorce. They are driven to a beach house which belongs to Zahra where they go swimming and then have sex. The film ends with Alan

title: Kseniya Simonova

text: first performance of the four was in front of the Royal family and Princess Sirindhorn. After that Simonova was accepted by the Princess and received her appreciation and presents. In turn, Simonova presented Her Royal Highness two discs with the sand animation film «Long Live the King!» she shot in her studio together with Thai Ovation TV. The film "Long Live the King!" was viewed 1,5 million times on YouTube. Simonova had a set of performances in Tokyo having presented there her sand animation story “Life Always Wins” devoted to the tragedy of tsunami on March 11, 2011 in Japan,

title: The Scorpion King 3: Battle for Redemption

text: Europe. But because of the movie's limited budget, the director moved the movie to Thailand, where it's cheaper to shoot. They used CGI to add the sand around Horus's city, which is supposed to be in a desert. They had 400 extras for the battle scenes, but most of the fighting was done with the main cast plus just 12 stunt men, who played multiple roles in different costumes so they could be in all of the battles. The rest of the extras weren't trained to fight, so they stayed in the background, and careful observers can see that they

title: The Moon and the Sun

text: Hoblit to possibly direct. Following Sony breaking from the joint venture of Jim Henson Pictures in 1999, the film would be produced by The Jim Henson Company instead. In August 2013, it was announced that Sean McNamara would direct the film, and that casting included Pierce Brosnan as King Louis XIV, Fan Bingbing as the mermaid, and Bill Nighy as Pere de Chaise, a character created for the movie. Nighy pulled out of the film due to a scheduling conflict and was replaced by William Hurt weeks before filming. The film began production in April 23, 2014 at Victoria, Australia

title: David King (theatre producer)

text: traditions of circus acts from Russia, China and Eastern Europe. In March 2011, a TV documentary, "Dancing King: Man in the Mirror", was shown on the DMAX channel. The six part series from Mighty Fine Productions followed King for six months in America, England and Monte Carlo and showed him working on his latest production and auditioning cast members in London, New York and Monte Carlo. King was joined on the audition panel by TV actress Claire Sweeney and King's own daughter Sophie from popular girl band The Dolly Rockers. A clip from the show which included his family was

title: Jack the Giant Slayer

text: "". Later that month, Ewan McGregor joined the cast as the leader of the king's elite guard, who helps fight giants. In March 2011, Eleanor Tomlinson was cast opposite Nicholas Hoult as the princess and Ian McShane was cast to play her father, King Brahmwell. Two days later, New Line and Warner Bros. announced a release date of June 15, 2012. Principal photography began on April 12, 2011, in the British countryside. In May 2011, production moved to Somerset, England for two weeks with filming scheduled in Wells, Cheddar and secret locations in the county including scenes filmed at Wells

title: Canadian fifty-dollar note

text: King. A large clear window runs vertically on the right hand side of the face of the note. There is a second metallic hologram image of King on the top of the window, and a hologram image of the Centre Block of the Canadian Parliament buildings on the bottom of the window. A ribbon made of multiple number "50"s weaves between the duplicate King portrait and the Centre Block. The top left corner of the note's face has a metallic maple leaf surrounded by a transparent border. The reverse side depicts the Canadian Coast Guard Ship (CCGS) Amundsen, a research

title: Fairytale Forest

text: had illustrated a Norwegian fairy tale book in 1974, to create this old, somewhat confused creature, sitting in a hollow tree, predicting the future of his visitors. On a stone in front of the king, one can point at one of the twelve astrological signs at which the king will wake up and mumble some words. Together with Hugo of Villa Volta, the king is the most complex animatronic in Efteling. It was a collaboration of Ton van de Ven, TNO and Spitting Image. The animatronic can move 26 parts of its body, including eyebrows, eyes, jaws, back and wrists.

title: The King's Speech

text: much artificial smoke was used that fire alarms were triggered. On 26 November, a week's filming with Firth, Rush, and Jacobi began at Ely Cathedral, the location used for Westminster Abbey. The production had asked for permission to film in the Abbey but were denied due to the demands of tourism. Though Lincoln Cathedral is architecturally a closer match to the Abbey, they preferred Ely, a favoured filming location. Its size allowed them to build sets showing not just the coronation, but the preparations before it. Lancaster House, an opulent government-owned period house in London, was rented (at £20,000 per

title: Peter Kerley

text: the investigations during the king's illness in the days prior to the operation. His review of the X-rays led to the king returning to London from Balmoral and a bulletin stating "in view of the structural changes referred to in the last bulletin we have advised His Majesty to undergo an operation in the near future". In return, he received a 'New year's honour' in the London Gazette in 1952 which also resulted in Kerley's long term relationship with royalty and a later knighthood. Olivia MacNamee was one of the London School of Economics first female students when she met

title: Emotion Media Factory

text: equipped with more than 1,200 water jets to create a variety of water effects in time to music. In addition, a water screen is built into the feature, providing a 40-metre wide and 15-metre high projection area for video, light and laser projections. The project was completed for the opening show, marking the 60th anniversary of the king’s coronation. A special programme was devised and presented to the public. A musical fountain and multimedia show including video, lights and lasers were staged to music composed by the king himself. On 15 June 2006 the installation and show was personally inaugurated

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

text: Production was set to begin in first quarter of 2014. Principal photography commenced on March 6, 2014 in Morocco. Filming also took place in Hurghada in Egypt, as well as in Berlin and Düsseldorf in Germany.  Shooting wrapped in June 2014.

title: Chiang Mai Night Safari

text: image on the screen. The user can wear the 3D animal head such as tiger, lion and zebra. - The hologram is a 3D motion picture. It is used for something like a magic show. There are many screens in the room that can contain over 20 people. The magician can react with the 2D and 3D animations on the screen. Night Safari In this activity the visitor will travel by bus to visit two animal zones. The bus leaves at 18.50. The visitor will go to the Savanna Zone. First, the visitors will see animals such as giraffes, zebras

title: Holographic Studios

text: stickers. Directly below the gallery is the laser laboratory where holograms are created. Holographic Studios creates custom holograms, holographic portraits, offers classes, and operates tours. The studio was founded in 1979 in a brownstone that was originally a blacksmith's forge. The current building sits on land that was part of the Rose Hill estate of Revolutionary General Horatio Gates. Over the decades, the studio has filmed portrait holograms of Andy Warhol, President Bill Clinton, Isaac Asimov, NYC Mayor Ed Koch, Prime Minister Edward Heath, Pierre Cardin, Sally Jessy Raphael, John Kenneth Galbraith, Phyllis Diller, Billy Idol, The Smothers Brothers, Phil

title: HappyHolograms

text: him to participate in a television special to be watched by families together. Kyle agrees, but after Cosby leaves, he is revealed to be a hologram. Randy and Sharon Marsh go to the police to report about the hologram of Randy created by his ex-manager to replace his stage persona Lorde, but the police are skeptical. Meanwhile, a patrolman brings in the rogue Michael Jackson hologram, but despite the fact that the patrolman says he shot the hologram and used a chokehold on him, the hologram's light skin and features present a problem for the police, as they can only

title: King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis

text: elements he had stored over the years. A Filmed Record, Inc. released the DVD and "King" was once again available after 40 years of being a "lost" film. In 2012 A Filmed Record, Inc. (with the cooperation of the estate of Ely Landau producer of the original film) entered into an agreement with Kino Lorber giving them worldwide exclusive rights to distribute "King" and to make possible its being seen by the largest possible audience. Kino Lorber, Inc., in partnership with The Library of Congress and with the cooperation of the Museum of Modern Art, restored and remastered the original

title: Monarchy (band)

text: was broadcast into space from Cape Canaveral, Florida in June 2010, making them the first band ever to perform live into space. They have since performed at various London and UK venues including XOYO and HMV Forum, and festivals including The Big Chill, Popaganda in Sweden, Bestival, Eurosonic Festival in the Netherlands, MIDEM in Cannes, as well as Paris, Dijon, Rouen, Amsterdam, and across Europe. In 2011 they performed at Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Hay Festival and Melt! festival, amongst others. Monarchy played the Together Winter Music Festival in London at the Alexandra Palace on 26 November 2011.

title: A Hologram for the King (film)

short_answers:
Berlin
Berlin and Düsseldorf in Germany
Düsseldorf in Germany
Egypt
Germany
Hurghada in Egypt
Morocco