question: what process causes the continents to drift apart how

answers: Continental drift

title: Earth

text: helped prevent the atmosphere from being stripped away by the solar wind. A crust formed when the molten outer layer of Earth cooled to form a solid. The two models that explain land mass propose either a steady growth to the present-day forms or, more likely, a rapid growth early in Earth history followed by a long-term steady continental area. Continents formed by plate tectonics, a process ultimately driven by the continuous loss of heat from Earth's interior. Over the period of hundreds of millions of years, the supercontinents have assembled and broken apart. Roughly (Mya), one of the earliest

title: Continent

text: a period of 2.0–1.8 billion years ago and broke up about 1.5–1.3 billion years ago. The supercontinent Rodinia is thought to have formed about 1 billion years ago and to have embodied most or all of Earth's continents, and broken up into eight continents around 600 million years ago. The eight continents later re-assembled into another supercontinent called Pangaea; Pangaea broke up into Laurasia (which became North America and Eurasia) and Gondwana (which became the remaining continents). The following table lists the seven continents with their highest and lowest points on land, sorted in decreasing highest points. † The lowest

title: Geological history of Earth

text: crust when water began accumulating in the atmosphere. The Moon formed soon afterwards, possibly as a result of the impact of a planetoid with the Earth. Outgassing and volcanic activity produced the primordial atmosphere. Condensing water vapor, augmented by ice delivered from comets, produced the oceans. As the surface continually reshaped itself over hundreds of millions of years, continents formed and broke apart. They migrated across the surface, occasionally combining to form a supercontinent. Roughly , the earliest-known supercontinent Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia, , then finally Pangaea, which broke apart . The

title: Nature

text: or all of which came from ice delivered by comets, produced the oceans and other water sources. The highly energetic chemistry is believed to have produced a self-replicating molecule around 4 billion years ago. Continents formed, then broke up and reformed as the surface of Earth reshaped over hundreds of millions of years, occasionally combining to make a supercontinent. Roughly 750 million years ago, the earliest known supercontinent Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia which broke apart about 540 million years ago, then finally Pangaea, which broke apart about 180 million years ago. During

title: Earth science

text: is known as plate tectonics. Plate tectonics might be thought of as the process by which the Earth is resurfaced. As the result of seafloor spreading, new crust and lithosphere is created by the flow of magma from the mantle to the near surface, through fissures, where it cools and solidifies. Through subduction, oceanic crust and lithosphere returns to the convecting mantle. Areas of the crust where new crust is created are called "divergent boundaries", those where it is brought back into the Earth are "convergent boundaries" and those where plates slide past each other, but no new lithospheric material

title: Geochemistry

text: differentiation occurs at mid-ocean ridges through partial melting, with more refractory materials remaining at the base of the lithosphere while the remainder rises to form basalt. After an oceanic plate descends into the mantle, convection eventually mixes the two parts together. Erosion differentiates granite, separating it into clay on the ocean floor, sandstone on the edge of the continent, and dissolved minerals in ocean waters. Metamorphism and anatexis (partial melting of crustal rocks) can mix these elements together again. In the ocean, biological organisms can cause chemical differentiation, while dissolution of the organisms and their wastes can mix the materials

title: Geological history of Earth

text: heat around the world and keeping global temperatures high. But when Australia split from the southern continent around 45 Ma, the warm equatorial currents were deflected away from Antarctica, and an isolated cold water channel developed between the two continents. The Antarctic region cooled down, and the ocean surrounding Antarctica began to freeze, sending cold water and ice floes north, reinforcing the cooling. The present pattern of ice ages began about . The northern supercontinent of Laurasia began to break up, as Europe, Greenland and North America drifted apart. In western North America, mountain building started in the Eocene, and

title: Paleocontinent

text: not very dense so neither continent would sink or sub duct. This causes the formation of Fold and Thrust belts, similar to the Himalayas today. Rodinia lasted for 250 mya and then began to come apart between 850 and 800 mya. The continent began to break part at a single point but then fractured and ripped open in three different directions. Two of the three rifts that were created were successful and the third failed. The breaking up Rodinia caused the formation of Gondwana or Gondwanaland and Laurentia. Rodinia’s breakup created many shallow coastal shelves that were not there before.

title: Rise of the Continents

text: Rise of the Continents Rise of the Continents is a British documentary television series that premiered on BBC Two on 9 Jun 2013. The four-part series is presented by geologist Iain Stewart. The series hypothesizes how 250 million years in the future, all of the continents will collide together once more, forming a new Pangea, with Eurasia right at its heart. Using clues like Africa's spectacular landmarks, mineral wealth and wildlife, Iain Stewart shows how the continent of Africa was formed from the wreckage of a long lost supercontinent. It features, among other things, creation of Victoria Falls, diamond mines

title: Geological history of Earth

text: by equatorial seas (they joined during the Neogene); the components of the former southern supercontinent Gondwana continued to split apart, with Africa, South America, Antarctica and Australia pulling away from each other. Africa was heading north toward Europe, slowly closing the Tethys Ocean, and India began its migration to Asia that would lead to a tectonic collision and the formation of the Himalayas. During the Eocene ( - ), the continents continued to drift toward their present positions. At the beginning of the period, Australia and Antarctica remained connected, and warm equatorial currents mixed with colder Antarctic waters, distributing the

title: Future of Earth

text: of the Paleomap Project. In their scenario, 50 million years from now the Mediterranean sea may vanish and the collision between Europe and Africa will create a long mountain range extending to the current location of the Persian Gulf. Australia will merge with Indonesia, and Baja California will slide northward along the coast. New subduction zones may appear off the eastern coast of North and South America, and mountain chains will form along those coastlines. To the south, the migration of Antarctica to the north will cause all of its ice sheets to melt. This, along with the melting of

title: Land

text: the molten outer layer of the planet Earth cooled to form a solid mass as the accumulated water vapor began to act in the atmosphere. Once land became capable of supporting life, biodiversity evolved over hundreds of million years, expanding continually except when punctuated by mass extinctions. The two models that explain land mass propose either a steady growth to the present-day forms or, more likely, a rapid growth early in Earth history followed by a long-term steady continental area. Continents formed by plate tectonics, a process ultimately driven by the continuous loss of heat from the Earth's interior. On

title: Earth

text: known supercontinents, Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia , then finally Pangaea, which also broke apart . The present pattern of ice ages began about and then intensified during the Pleistocene about . High-latitude regions have since undergone repeated cycles of glaciation and thaw, repeating about every . The last continental glaciation ended ago. Chemical reactions led to the first self-replicating molecules about four billion years ago. A half billion years later, the last common ancestor of all current life arose. The evolution of photosynthesis allowed the Sun's energy to be harvested directly by

title: Paleocontinent

text: into one giant continent there was a giant ocean to match. Pangea broke apart after 70 million years. The supercontinent was torn apart through fragmentation, which is where parts of the main landmass would break off in stages. There were two main events that led to the dispersal of Pangea. The first was a passive rifting event that occurred in the Triassic period. This rifting event caused the Atlantic Ocean to form. The other event was an active rifting event. This happened in the Lower Jurassic and caused the opening of the Indian Ocean.This breakup took 17 million years to

title: Future of Earth

text: to collide with Asia. In an extroversion model, the closure of the Pacific Ocean would be complete in about 350 million years. This marks the completion of the current supercontinent cycle, wherein the continents split apart and then rejoin each other about every 400–500 million years. Once the supercontinent is built, plate tectonics may enter a period of inactivity as the rate of subduction drops by an order of magnitude. This period of stability could cause an increase in the mantle temperature at the rate of every 100 million years, which is the minimum lifetime of past supercontinents. As a

title: Future of Earth

text: the Greenland ice sheets, will raise the average ocean level by . The inland flooding of the continents will result in climate changes. As this scenario continues, by 100 million years from the present the continental spreading will have reached its maximum extent and the continents will then begin to coalesce. In 250 million years, North America will collide with Africa while South America will wrap around the southern tip of Africa. The result will be the formation of a new supercontinent (sometimes called Pangaea Ultima), with the Pacific Ocean stretching across half the planet. The continent of Antarctica will

title: Continental drift

text: "continental creep". In a later paper he proposed that this occurred by their being dragged towards the equator by tidal forces during the hypothesized capture of the moon in the Cretaceous, resulting in "general crustal creep" toward the equator. Although his proposed mechanism was wrong, he was the first to realize the insight that one of the effects of continental motion would be the formation of mountains, and attributed the formation of the Himalayas to the collision between the Indian subcontinent with Asia. Wegener said that of all those theories, Taylor's, although not fully developed, had the most similarities to

title: Ice age

text: process is very slow—at a rate of about 1 cm/year near the center of rebound area today. During glaciation, water was taken from the oceans to form the ice at high latitudes, thus global sea level dropped by about 110 meters, exposing the continental shelves and forming land-bridges between land-masses for animals to migrate. During deglaciation, the melted ice-water returned to the oceans, causing sea level to rise. This process can cause sudden shifts in coastlines and hydration systems resulting in newly submerged lands, emerging lands, collapsed ice dams resulting in salination of lakes, new ice dams creating vast areas

title: Continental drift

text: polarity and the adjoining stripes reversed polarity. The best explanation was the "conveyor belt" or Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis. New magma from deep within the Earth rises easily through these weak zones and eventually erupts along the crest of the ridges to create new oceanic crust. The new crust is magnetized by the earth's magnetic field, which undergoes occasional reversals. Formation of new crust then displaces the magnetized crust apart, akin to a conveyor belt — hence the name. Without workable alternatives to explain the stripes, geophysicists were forced to conclude that Holmes had been right: ocean rifts were sites of perpetual

title: Land

text: time scales lasting hundreds of millions of years, the supercontinents have formed and broken apart three times. Roughly (million years ago), one of the earliest known supercontinents, Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia, 600–, then finally Pangaea, which also broke apart . "Land mass" refers to the total surface area of the land of a geographical region or country (which may include discontinuous pieces of land such as islands). It is written as two words to distinguish it from the usage "landmass", the contiguous area of land surrounded by ocean. Earth's total land mass

title: Geological history of Earth

text: starts shortly after the breakup of a supercontinent called Pannotia and at the end of a global ice age. Throughout the early Paleozoic, the Earth's landmass was broken up into a substantial number of relatively small continents. Toward the end of the era the continents gathered together into a supercontinent called Pangaea, which included most of the Earth's land area. The Cambrian is a major division of the geologic timescale that begins about 541.0 ± 1.0 Ma. Cambrian continents are thought to have resulted from the breakup of a Neoproterozoic supercontinent called Pannotia. The waters of the Cambrian period appear

title: Front Range

text: earth was producing massive amounts of molten rock that would one day amalgamate, drift together and combine, to ultimately form the continents we live on today. In the Colorado region, this molten rock spewed and cooled, forming what we now know as the Precambrian Pikes Peak Granite. Over the next 500 million years, little is known about changes in the sedimentation (sediment deposition) after the granite was produced. However, at about 500 – 300 million years ago, the region began to sink and sediments began to deposit in the newly formed accommodation space. Eroded granite produced sand particles that began

title: Flood geology

text: geological forces it states that the shaping of the Earth has occurred by means of mostly slow-acting forces that can be seen in operation today. By applying these principles, geologists have determined that the Earth is approximately 4.54 billion years old. They study the lithosphere of the Earth to gain information on the history of the planet. Geologists divide Earth's history into eons, eras, periods, epochs, and faunal stages characterized by well-defined breaks in the fossil record (see Geologic time scale). In general, there is a lack of any evidence for any of the above effects proposed by flood geologists

title: Geological history of Earth

text: drift toward their present positions, moving from positions possibly as far as from their present locations to positions only 70 km from their current locations. South America became linked to North America through the Isthmus of Panama during the Pliocene, bringing a nearly complete end to South America's distinctive marsupial faunas. The formation of the Isthmus had major consequences on global temperatures, since warm equatorial ocean currents were cut off and an Atlantic cooling cycle began, with cold Arctic and Antarctic waters dropping temperatures in the now-isolated Atlantic Ocean. Africa's collision with Europe formed the Mediterranean Sea, cutting off the

title: Future of Earth

text: flux, whereby the oceanic crust moves under a continent. In the introversion model, the younger, interior, Atlantic ocean becomes preferentially subducted and the current migration of North and South America is reversed. In the extroversion model, the older, exterior, Pacific ocean remains preferentially subducted and North and South America migrate toward eastern Asia. As the understanding of geodynamics improves, these models will be subject to revision. In 2008, for example, a computer simulation was used to predict that a reorganization of the mantle convection will occur over the next 100 million years, causing a supercontinent composed of Africa, Eurasia, Australia,

title: Paleocontinent

text: those that were once the same now have evolved to their new climate. The constant movement of these landmasses greatly determines the distribution of organisms on the Earth's surface. This is evident with how similar fossils are found on completely separate continents. Also, as continents move, mountain building events (orogenies) occur, causing a shift in the global climate as new rock is exposed and then there is more exposed rock at higher elevations. This causes glacial ice expansion and an overall cooler global climate. Which effects the overall global climate trend of the Earth. The movement of the continents greatly

title: Continental drift

text: course of known geological time the continents and great oceans had, again and again, changed places with each other." He quotes Charles Lyell as saying, "Continents, therefore, although permanent for whole geological epochs, shift their positions entirely in the course of ages." and claims that the first to throw doubt on this was James Dwight Dana in 1849. In his "Manual of Geology" (1863), Dana wrote, "The continents and oceans had their general outline or form defined in earliest time. This has been proved with respect to North America from the position and distribution of the first beds of the

title: Plate tectonics

text: Columbia or Nuna formed during a period of and broke up about . The supercontinent Rodinia is thought to have formed about 1 billion years ago and to have embodied most or all of Earth's continents, and broken up into eight continents around . The eight continents later re-assembled into another supercontinent called Pangaea; Pangaea broke up into Laurasia (which became North America and Eurasia) and Gondwana (which became the remaining continents). The Himalayas, the world's tallest mountain range, are assumed to have been formed by the collision of two major plates. Before uplift, they were covered by the Tethys

title: Geological history of Earth

text: as the period progressed, drifted toward the South Pole. Early in the Ordovician the continents Laurentia, Siberia and Baltica were still independent continents (since the break-up of the supercontinent Pannotia earlier), but Baltica began to move toward Laurentia later in the period, causing the Iapetus Ocean to shrink between them. Also, Avalonia broke free from Gondwana and began to head north toward Laurentia. The Rheic Ocean was formed as a result of this. By the end of the period, Gondwana had neared or approached the pole and was largely glaciated. The Ordovician came to a close in a series of

title: Continental drift

text: Continental drift is the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other, thus appearing to "drift" across the ocean bed.  The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, but his theory was rejected by some for lack of a mechanism (though this was supplied later by Arthur Holmes). The idea of continental drift has been subsumed by the theory of plate tectonics, which explains how the continents move.

title: Continental drift


question: who invented the first computer game in 1962 and what was the name of the game

answers: Spacewar!

answers: Steve Russell

answers: Wayne Wiitanen

answers: Martin Graetz

title: Early history of video games

text: the device was invented, the earliest known written computer game was developed by Alan Turing and David Champernowne in 1948, a chess simulation called Turochamp, though it was never actually implemented on a computer as the code was too complicated to run on the machines of the time. Turing tested the code in a game in 1952 where he mimicked the operation of the code in a real chess game against an opponent, but was never able to run the program on a computer. The earliest known publicly demonstrated electronic game was created in 1950. "Bertie the Brain" was an

title: Bertie the Brain

text: developed for research computers such as Alan Turing and Dietrich Prinz's chess program for the Ferranti Mark 1 at the University of Manchester, "Bertie" was the first computer-based game to feature a visual display of any sort. "Bertie" is considered under some definitions in contention for the title of the first video game. While definitions vary, the prior cathode-ray tube amusement device was a purely analog electrical game, and while "Bertie" did not feature an electronic screen it did run on a computer. Another special-purpose computer-based game, "Nimrod", was built in 1951, while the software-based tic-tac-toe game "OXO" and a

title: Bertie the Brain

text: draughts program by Christopher Strachey were in 1952 the first computer games to display visuals on an electronic screen rather than light bulbs. Bertie the Brain Bertie the Brain was an early computer game, and one of the first games developed in the early history of video games. It was built in Toronto by Josef Kates for the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition. The four meter tall computer allowed exhibition attendees to play a game of tic-tac-toe against an artificial intelligence. The player entered a move on a lit keypad in the form of a three-by-three grid, and the game played

title: Nigel Roberts

text: Nigel Roberts Nigel Roberts FBCS FRSA is a British computer scientist. Educated at Wigan and Prescot Grammar Schools, his first degree is in Computer Science from Essex University. Whilst at Essex, he was one of the group of students who conceived and developed the world's first multi-user computer game (MUD). In 2008 he was awarded a First in Law from the OU and the College of Law (now known as the University of Law). His first job was with Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) as a software engineer, where (among other projects) he subsequently worked on the pioneering ALL-IN-1 email and

title: Bertie the Brain

text: Bertie the Brain Bertie the Brain was an early computer game, and one of the first games developed in the early history of video games. It was built in Toronto by Josef Kates for the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition. The four meter tall computer allowed exhibition attendees to play a game of tic-tac-toe against an artificial intelligence. The player entered a move on a lit keypad in the form of a three-by-three grid, and the game played out on a grid of lights overhead. The machine had an adjustable difficulty level. After two weeks on display by Rogers Majestic, the

title: Raymond Redheffer

text: Raymond Redheffer Raymond Moos Redheffer (April 17, 1921 – May 13, 2005) was an American mathematician. Some say that he was the creator of one of the first electronic games known, the knowledge game called Nim. He earned his PhD in 1948 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under the supervision of Norman Levinson, and taught as a Peirce Fellow at Harvard from 1948 to 1950 where his teaching skills were gratefully remembered 6 decades later by one of his students. He taught for 55 years at the University of California, Los Angeles. writing more than 200 research papers and

title: John Burgeson

text: twelve grandchildren, and three great grandchildren. John Burgeson John Burgeson (19 August 1931 – 12 September 2016) is a former IBM engineer who created the first computer baseball simulation game in 1961 on an IBM 1620 Computer in Akron, Ohio. A baseball fan and long-time member of SABR, Burgeson initially wrote the program on his own time for enjoyment, He shared the program with the company, and they included it as part of the software that shipped with the 1620, for which it was the only game. The game was run by placing a deck of punch cards into a

title: History of video games

text: in the industry. For the same reason, it is impossible to be certain who developed the first computer game or who originally modeled many of the games or play mechanics introduced during the decade, as there are likely several games from this period that were never publicized and are thus unknown today. The earliest known chess computer program was developed by Alan Turing and David Champernowne called "Turochamp", which was completed in 1950 but not actually implemented by them on a computer. The earliest known idea for a fully electronic game is a "Cathode-Ray Tube Amusement Device" in US patent

title: Early history of video games

text: computer or memory device or execute a program. It was patented by Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Estle Ray Mann in 1947. While the idea behind the game was potentially to use a television set as the display and thus sell the invention to consumers, as Goldsmith and Mann worked at television designer DuMont Laboratories, the patent, the first for an electronic game, was never used and the device never manufactured beyond the original handmade prototypes. This, along with the lack of electronic logic circuits, keeps the device from being considered the first video game. Around the same time as

title: John Burgeson

text: John Burgeson John Burgeson (19 August 1931 – 12 September 2016) is a former IBM engineer who created the first computer baseball simulation game in 1961 on an IBM 1620 Computer in Akron, Ohio. A baseball fan and long-time member of SABR, Burgeson initially wrote the program on his own time for enjoyment, He shared the program with the company, and they included it as part of the software that shipped with the 1620, for which it was the only game. The game was run by placing a deck of punch cards into a card reader, which in turn read

title: Allan Alcorn

text: Allan Alcorn Allan Alcorn (born January 1, 1948 in San Francisco) is an American pioneering engineer and computer scientist best known for creating "Pong", one of the first video games. Alcorn grew up in San Francisco, California, and attended the University of California, Berkeley, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences in 1971. He worked for the pioneering video company Ampex, where he met Ted Dabney and several other people that would end up being constants through the Atari, Inc., Apple, Cyan Engineering and Pizza Time Theater (now known as Chuck E. Cheese's) companies.

title: Early history of video games

text: rather than a machine specifically made for the game like "Bertie". Strachey's program inspired Arthur Samuel to develop his own checkers game in 1952 for the IBM 701; successive iterations developed rudimentary artificial intelligence by 1955 and a version was shown on television in 1956. Also in 1951, Dietrich Prinz wrote the first limited program of chess for the University of Manchester's general-purpose Ferranti Mark 1 computer, one of the first commercially available computers. The program was only capable of computing "mate-in-two" problems as it was not powerful enough to play a full game, and it had no video output.

title: Michael H. Albert

text: Mellon University. Albert has been at the University of Otago since 1998. Together with J.P. Grossman and Richard Nowakowski, Albert invented the game Clobber. Albert has also contributed to the Combinatorial Game Suite game analysis software, and is a coauthor of "Lessons in Play: An Introduction to Combinatorial Game Theory". Another significant topic of his research has been permutation patterns. Albert is a keen bridge player, and has won tournaments internationally. Michael H. Albert Michael Henry Albert (born September 20, 1962) is a mathematician and computer scientist, originally from Canada, and currently a professor and the head of the computer

title: Sandy Douglas

text: Sandy Douglas Alexander Shafto "Sandy" Douglas CBE (21 May 1921 – 29 April 2010) was a British professor of computer science, credited with creating the first graphical computer game OXO (also known as "Noughts and Crosses") a tic-tac-toe computer game in 1952 on the EDSAC computer at University of Cambridge. Douglas was born on 21 May 1921 in London. At age eight, his family moved to Cromwell Road, near what would become the London Air Terminal. A 74 bus ride for one old penny took me to Exhibition Road, from which I could go towards South Kensington station to my

title: John Horton Conway

text: John Horton Conway John Horton Conway FRS (born 26 December 1937) is an English mathematician active in the theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory and coding theory. He has also contributed to many branches of recreational mathematics, notably the invention of the cellular automaton called the Game of Life. Conway is currently Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at Princeton University in New Jersey. Conway was born in Liverpool, the son of Cyril Horton Conway and Agnes Boyce. He became interested in mathematics at a very early age; his mother has recalled that he could recite the

title: Josef Kates

text: the next four years in the development and manufacturing of radar and radio tubes. He then began work in 1948 at the University of Toronto Computation Centre, where he participated in the design and building of UTEC, the first pilot model of a computer built in Canada. Kates also built the first digital game playing machine, the 13-foot tall Bertie the Brain, which was exhibited at the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition. The game was a version of Tic Tac Toe, with adjustable difficulty levels. The game machine controlled the lighting of an overhead display to show the progress of the

title: Marienbad (video game)

text: by Department of Mathematical Apparatus programmer Bogdan Miś in 1960 for the computer, using a chess-sized grid. Michał Nowicki of Gram.pl asserted that Kluska's research, in contrast with the previous and more imprecise Polish video gaming text "Dawno temu w grach (Once upon a time in games)", allows Marienbad's claim as the first Polish computer or video game to be made with almost 100% certainty. An article by retailer Empik further asserts that "Marienbad"s simplicity and lack of video output means that the term "computer game" is a somewhat exaggerated term to describe it, much less "video game". Garda's paper

title: Culture of the United Kingdom

text: battleship the "Bismarck" in May 1941. In 1952, "OXO" (or "Noughts and Crosses"), created by computer scientist Alexander S. Douglas, is regarded as a contender for the first video game. In "OXO", the computer player could play perfect games of tic-tac-toe against a human opponent. In the 1960s, John Shepherd-Barron invented the cash machine (ATM) and James Goodfellow invented Personal identification number (PIN) technology, and on 27 June 1967, the first cash machine was established outside a branch of Barclays Bank in Enfield, north London. Dolly the sheep, the first mammal successfully cloned from an adult somatic cell (by scientists

title: History of video games

text: #2,455,992. The earliest known electronic computer games actually implemented were two custom built machines called "Bertie the Brain" and Nimrod, which played tic-tac-toe and the game of Nim, respectively. "Bertie the Brain", designed and built by Josef Kates at Rogers Majestic, was displayed at the Canadian National Exhibition in 1950, while Nimrod, conceived by John Bennett at Ferranti and built by Raymond Stuart-Williams, was displayed at the Festival of Britain and the Berlin Industrial Show in 1951. Neither game incorporated a cathode ray tube (CRT) display. Before these, automated games like the simple chess simulator El Ajedrecista (1914) and Nimrod's

title: Video game industry

text: the New York World's Fair, "Bertie the Brain", an arcade game of tic-tac-toe, built by Josef Kates for the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition, and Nimrod created by engineering firm Ferranti for the 1951 Festival of Britain, The development of cathode ray tube—the core technology behind televisions—created several of the first true video games. In 1947 Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann filed a patent for a "cathode ray tube amusement device". Their game, which uses a cathode ray tube hooked to an oscilloscope display, challenges players to fire a gun at target. Between the 1950s and 1960s, with

title: Ralph H. Baer

text: 2014, according to family and friends close to him. Baer is considered to have been the inventor of video games, specifically of the concept of the home video game console. In 1966, while an employee at Sanders Associates, Baer started to explore the possibility of playing games on television screens. He first got the idea while working at Loral in 1951, another electronics company, however, they wanted nothing to do with it at the time. In a 2007 interview, Baer said that he recognized that the price reduction of owning a television set at the time had opened a large

title: Antony Crowther

text: Antony Crowther Antony Crowther is a former designer, programmer, and musician of Commodore 64 games. During the 1980s he worked for Alligata, Gremlin Graphics and later his own company, Wizard Development. The first computer game he created was a version of the board game "Mastermind", which was written for the PET 4032. Following the acquisition of a VIC-20 Crowther began to learn machine code and wrote several games which he showed to software house Superior Systems. The company gave him a Commodore 64 on loan which he utilised to produce his first commercial title, "Lunar Lander". He gained high status

title: Simon (game)

text: taught computer science at Temple University and also wrote one of the first books on the theory of computer programming. "Simon" was launched in 1978 at Studio 54 in New York City and was an immediate success, becoming a pop culture symbol of the 1970s and 1980s. Ralph H. Baer and Howard J. Morrison were first introduced to Atari's game "Touch Me" at the Music Operators of America (MOA) trade show in 1976. Baer said of the product, "Nice gameplay. Terrible execution. Visually boring. Miserable, rasping sounds." The original prototype, built by Baer, included the Texas Instruments TMS 1000 microcontroller

title: Nolan Bushnell

text: In 2012 he founded an educational software company called Brainrush, that is using video game technology in educational software. Nolan is credited with Bushnell's Law, an aphorism about games "easy to learn and difficult to master" being rewarding. Bushnell enrolled at Utah State University in 1961 to study engineering and then later business. In 1964, he transferred to the University of Utah College of Engineering, where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. He was a member of the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity. He was one of many computer science students of the 1960s who played the historic

title: Georgy Adelson-Velsky

text: Along with Evgenii Landis, he invented the AVL tree in 1962. This was the first known balanced binary search tree data structure. Beginning in 1963, Adelson-Velsky headed the development of a computer chess program at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics in Moscow. His innovations included the first use of bitboards (a now-common method for representing game positions) in computer chess. The program defeated Kotok-McCarthy in the first chess match between computer programs, also in 1966, and it evolved into Kaissa, the first world computer chess champion. In August 1992, Adelson-Velsky moved to Israel, and he resided in Ashdod.

title: Pier Giorgio Perotto

text: machine, the Programma 101, the world’s very first personal computer. The 12222 Perotto, a main belt asteroid, discovered in 1982 at the Osservatorio San Vittore in Bologna, is named after him. The innovative computer, also known as Perottina, named after its inventor, was the first computer in history purposely designed to be on a desktop. It made possible to use a computer at home, office and places previously not reached by huge mainframes of the time. Programma 101 was officially launched at the 1964 New York World's Fair, attracting major interest from the public and the press. Volume production started

title: Ralph H. Baer

text: Ralph H. Baer Ralph Henry Baer (born Rudolf Heinrich Baer; March 8, 1922 – December 6, 2014) was a German-born American inventor, game developer, and engineer. Baer's family had fled Germany just before World War II and Baer served the American war effort, following which he gained an interest in electronics. Through several jobs in the electronics industry, he was working as an engineer at Sanders Associates, later acquired by BAE Systems, when he conceived of the idea of playing games on a television screen around 1966. With support of his employers, he worked through several prototypes until he arrived

title: Vladimir Arlazarov

text: program, despite playing on slower hardware. By 1971, Mikhail Donskoy joined with Arlazarov and Uskov to program its successor on an ICL System 4/70 at the Institute of Control Sciences, called Kaissa, which became the first World Computer Chess Champion in 1974 in Stockholm. Arlazarov is one of the inventors of the Method of Four Russians. Vladimir Arlazarov Vladimir L’vovich Arlazarov () is a Russian computer scientist born in Moscow. In 1965 at Alexander Kronrod’s laboratory at the Moscow Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Vladimir Arlazarov co-developed the ITEP Chess Program, together with Georgy Adelson-Velsky, Anatoly Uskov and

title: Nimrod (computing)

text: video games, as it was one of the first computer games to have any sort of visual display of the game. It appeared only four years after the 1947 invention of the cathode-ray tube amusement device, the earliest known interactive electronic game to use an electronic display, and one year after "Bertie the Brain", a computer similar to the Nimrod which played tic-tac-toe at the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition. The Nimrod's use of light bulbs rather than a screen with real-time visual graphics, however, much less moving graphics, does not meet some definitions of a video game. In the summer

title: Spacewar!

title: Spacewar!

long_answer: Spacewar! is a space combat video game developed in 1962 by Steve Russell, in collaboration with Martin Graetz and Wayne Wiitanen, and programmed by Russell with assistance from others including Bob Saunders and Steve Piner. It was written for the newly installed DEC PDP-1 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After its initial creation, Spacewar was expanded further by other students and employees of universities in the area, including Dan Edwards and Peter Samson. It was also spread to many of the few dozen, primarily academic, installations of the PDP-1 computer, making Spacewar the first known video game to be played at multiple computer installations.

short_answers:
Martin Graetz
Spacewar!
Steve Russell
Wayne Wiitanen


question: who sings somebody's watching me with michael jackson

answers: Jermaine Jackson

answers: Rockwell

title: Somebody's Watching Me (album)

text: track, "Somebody's Watching Me" and believed it was a song worthy of recording. When Motown staff producer Curtis Anthony Nolen took an interest in the song, he was hired as the producer on the project. While working on the song in the studio, Kennedy got the idea to get Michael Jackson to sing on the track. Without indicating his plans, Kennedy picked Jackson up and drove him into the studio. Once Jackson was in the studio, Kennedy asked him to record the chorus with him. Jackson agreed. Once the track was mixed, Singleton couldn't wait to play it for Berry

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song) "Who Is It" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on August 31, 1992, as the fifth single from Jackson's eighth studio album, "Dangerous" (1991). The song was written and composed by Jackson, and produced by Jackson and Bill Bottrell. The song's lyrics pertain to despair over being left by someone you love; some critics noted a comparison to the lyrics of the song to Jackson's single, "Billie Jean", from the album "Thriller". As part of the promotion for the song, two music videos were released

title: Someone's Watching Over Me

text: climax in front of the students, staff and parents. Musically, "Someone's Watching Over Me" is a moderately paced pop song, moving at a tempo of 78 beats per minute. Written in the key of C# Minor, the song has the sequence of C#m—F#m—B—B/A—Abm—Ab/C as its chord progression. Lyrically, the song speaks about "holding on no matter what happens in life, believing that someone's watching over". According to Paul Broucek, executive vice president of music for New Line Cinema, in November 2004, "Someone's Watching Over Me" was one of the studio's possible contenders for an Academy Award nomination for Best Original

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: the fifth single from "Dangerous" on August 31, 1992, by Jackson's record label, Epic Records. The lyrics of the song tell of a man who is left in despair when his lover suddenly leaves him. He learns that she was unfaithful to him and wants to know with whom she cheated. Several music critics compared "Who Is It" to Jackson's 1983 single "Billie Jean". Jon Pareles, a writer for "The New York Times", described "Who Is It" as an "imitation" of "Billie Jean". Chris Willman of the "Los Angeles Times" claimed that the track "recaptures some of the slinky, insinuating

title: Somebody's Watching Me

text: Due in part to the popularity of the music video, the song is sometimes used for Halloween celebrations, with cover versions found in various collections of Halloween music. DJ BoBo based his 1992 single "Somebody Dance with Me" on "Somebody's Watching Me" with new lyrics and rap. The DJ BoBo single reached No. 1 in Sweden and Switzerland, and the Top 5 in Austria, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands and Norway. In 2012, a remix of the hit was made by Remady titled "Somebody Dance With Me (Remady 2013 Mix)" by DJ BoBo featuring Manu-L. Released early in 2013, it charted

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: death in June 2009, his music experienced a surge in popularity. "Who Is It" re-entered the Switzerland music charts for the first time in over 17 years, hitting number 49 on July 12, 2009. Directed by David Fincher, the music video for "Who Is It" was released in 1993. It begins with Jackson in what seems to be a hotel, singing about his girlfriend. He is distressed because he found a silver card in with the name "Alex" on it. It implies that his girlfriend is cheating on him with someone else. As the story in the video unfolds, the

title: Scream (Michael Jackson album)

text: said songs, but he praised the inclusion of lesser-known tracks (including "Somebody's Watching Me"). It debuted at number 28 in France, selling 3,300 units. In the United States, it debuted with 14,000 units, including 11,000 from pure album sales, in its first week of release, charting at number 33 on the "Billboard" 200. Scream (Michael Jackson album) Scream is a compilation album by American singer Michael Jackson, released on September 29, 2017. The album compiles songs around a Halloween theme. A 17-second teaser was released on Michael Jackson's official Facebook page and YouTube Vevo page on September 6, 2017, just

title: Who's Lovin' You

text: Who's Lovin' You "Who's Lovin' You" is a Motown soul song, written in 1960 by William "Smokey" Robinson. The song has been recorded by many different artists including The Miracles, who recorded the 1960 original version, The Temptations, The Supremes, Terence Trent D'arby, Brenda and The Tabulations, John Farnham, Human Nature, En Vogue, Michael Bublé and Giorgia Todrani and Jessica Mauboy. The most famous version is attributed to The Jackson 5. Twelve-year-old singer Shaheen Jafargholi performed the song at Michael Jackson's public memorial service in July 2009. The song was written by Smokey Robinson for his group The Miracles, who

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: to her callgirl existence again. Her employer slaps her in the face and she is then seen being prepared for a new identity. This version did not initially air in the USA but was included on the video albums: "" and "Michael Jackson's Vision". Another version of the video features footage from past music videos and live performances. This is the version that first aired in the USA. Who Is It (Michael Jackson song) "Who Is It" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on August 31, 1992, as the fifth single

title: Whatzupwitu

text: over a blue sky, before Jackson appears and begins to sing along with him. The music video also features the Harlem Boys Choir singing and dancing around them. Video with making of this clip leaked on YouTube. Whatzupwitu "Whatzupwitu" (pronounced "what's up with you") is a 1993 R&B song by Eddie Murphy, featuring Michael Jackson. It is included as the sixth track on Murphy's third studio album "Love's Alright". Jackson decided to participate in the song and video since he thought the lyrics had a positive message. Allmusic editor Steven McDonald wrote that despite being a featured artist, Jackson "steals

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: song debuted on the United Kingdom music chart at number 12 on July 25, 1992, and the following week reached its peak position, number 10. It remained within the top 100 positions for seven consecutive weeks from July to September 1992. In France, the track peaked at number eight on August 29. "Who Is It" reached its lowest peak position at number 34 in Australia. In Austria, the track debuted at its peak position, number five; the song remained within the top 30 chart positions from August to October. "Who Is It" debuted in Switzerland on August 2, at number

title: Michael Jackson's This Is It

text: sings with Judith Hill, one of his backup singers, on his duet song "I Just Can't Stop Loving You" in which he sings at full strength, directing his partner as he goes. The filming for the "Thriller" vignette is then shown with Jackson and Ortega watching with 3D glasses. Jackson is then seen rehearsing "Thriller" with the vignette intertwined like that in "Smooth Criminal." Footage of the show's aerialists rehearsing to the instrumental of "Who Is It" is shown next. During the dance sequence, puppets are suspended in the audience aisles while Jackson emerges from a robotic spider originally seen

title: Someone's Watching Over Me

text: Someone's Watching Over Me "Someone's Watching Over Me" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff for her self-titled third studio album (2004). It was released by Hollywood Records as the second single. The song was written by Kara DioGuardi and John Shanks, who also produced the song. The song was written by DioGuardi and Shanks for the film "Raise Your Voice", in which Duff stars. In the movie, which is set at a performing arts summer school, Duff's character, Terri, writes the song with her fellow student Jay, played by Oliver James, and performs it at the film's

title: Someone's Watching Over Me

text: Broadband in mid January 2005. Someone's Watching Over Me "Someone's Watching Over Me" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff for her self-titled third studio album (2004). It was released by Hollywood Records as the second single. The song was written by Kara DioGuardi and John Shanks, who also produced the song. The song was written by DioGuardi and Shanks for the film "Raise Your Voice", in which Duff stars. In the movie, which is set at a performing arts summer school, Duff's character, Terri, writes the song with her fellow student Jay, played by Oliver James, and

title: With U

text: like Michael on the verses and then gets her voice obviously treated for the choruses, dipping into the feminine whirl that she's so famous for." Glenn Gamboa, writer for "Newsday", expressed a positive reaction, calling it "a nice quiet-storm ballad." Adversely, Angus Batey of Yahoo! Music wrote that Jackson "sounds disturbingly like her most famous sibling" and "seems oblivious" on the track. "With U" debuted at number seventy-four on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart the week ending December 30, 2006, peaking at number sixty-five. With U "With U" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson for her ninth

title: Another Part of Me

text: Another Part of Me "Another Part of Me" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson. Produced by Quincy Jones (and co-produced by Jackson), it was released as the sixth single on July 11, 1988 for the singer's seventh studio album, "Bad" (1987). The song was originally featured in Jackson's 1986 3D film "Captain EO". It is the sixth song on the album. The song also appeared as a dance attack and level song for the later revisions of "Michael Jackson's Moonwalker" video game (originally the first revision used excerpts of Thriller). As with earlier songs in his career

title: Michael Davidson (singer)

text: Michael Davidson (singer) Michael Davidson (born 1963 as Michael Jay Davidson in New Jersey) is a singer and songwriter. Michael Davidson contributed to the Madonna movie Who's That Girl with the track "Turn it up" in (1987) (produced by Stock Aitken Waterman and Phil Harding) for Sire Records, which became a huge dance hit in the worldwide charts. Unlike the movie, the soundtrack to Who's That Girl became a big international success spending many weeks in the Top Ten Album Chart in the United States, Europe and Asia. Released on July 21, 1987 the album sold almost 5 million copies

title: Damita Jo (album)

text: was reported for Michael's forthcoming studio album shortly after the album's release, produced by Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins. Jackson was approached to record a cover of "Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours" with English boy band Blue, but could not proceed due to scheduling conflicts. A re-release intended to include six new tracks was reportedly planned. During a radio interview, entertainment producer Jonathan Murray was rumored to confirm additional details, saying a collaboration with Usher was initially planned after Jackson had met with him in London. Murray was also rumored to reveal some of the new tracks would be produced by Jermaine

title: Michael J. Parlett

text: You", featuring many UK session musicians and singers including Incognito's Joy Rose, UK singer Wayne Hernandez and George Michael's keyboardist Luke Smith. In 2012 he released his second solo project with Michael Jackson's drummer Ricky Lawson, Smooth Jazz superstar Chris Standring and many other prominent session musicians. The album is called 'Keep it Moving' The album was recorded at Talented Studios in Los Angeles. While residing in Los Angeles, he has mentored many college sound engineer interns, both at the community college and university levels. Relocating to the US in 2006, by the following year Michael performed alongside Peabo Bryson

title: This Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: "New York Post", who described the song as "an optimistic, R&B ballad with an upbeat, percolating rhythm that has all the bombast and power of the New Jack Swing period of the early '90s." James Montgomery, of MTV News, felt that the song was the "perfect MJ tune" and that Jackson "was a hell of a singer." He also stated that he felt that Jackson had a "wonderous voice," and the song "a prime showcase for Jackson's prodigious pipes." Montgomery went on to say that when he ignored the negative elements surrounding the song and focused, that he felt it

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: 40, and peaked at number 14 two weeks later. The song debuted at number 94 in the Netherlands, and the following week moved up 60 positions, eventually peaking at number 13. In Sweden, the track entered the country's music chart at its peak position, number 24 and, after four weeks, fell out of the top 50. In Norway, the track debuted at its peak position, number 10 on the 30th week of 1992; the song charted at its peak position for two weeks before falling off the chart. The song also peaked at number 16 in New Zealand. After Jackson's

title: Paul Laurence

text: go on to co-write with Ondrea Dawkins-Duverney the enchanting ballad "I'm Not Gonna Let You Go." Jackson was one of Moore's background singers. He also sang on demos of Laurence's songs. In 1985, Jackson had signed as a Hush artist and began recording his debut album. Laurence wrote a swaying ballad, "Rock Me Tonight (For Old Times Sake)," especially for Jackson and played keyboards and programmed drums on the track. Also on the date was bassist Timmy Allen, guitarist Mike "Dino" Campbell, and background vocalist Reggie King. Huggins got Jackson a record deal with Capitol Records, the same label Melba

title: Love Songs (Michael Jackson album)

text: mix of Michael's "Call on Me". Love Songs (Michael Jackson album) Love Songs is a compilation album by American recording artist Michael Jackson. It was released on January 15, 2002 by Motown Records as a part of "Motown's Love Songs" line. The album contains 14 love songs and ballads Michael Jackson recorded, either by himself or with The Jackson 5, during his Motown tenure. In this case there are many hits from Michael, such as "Got to Be There", and The Jackson 5 hits, such as "Who's Lovin' You". It also includes an unreleased version of The Jackson 5 hit,

title: Somebody (Aerosmith song)

text: Somebody (Aerosmith song) "Somebody" is the B-side to Aerosmith's first single, "Dream On", from their 1973 debut album, "Aerosmith". Written by lead singer Steven Tyler and his friend Steven Emspak and released in June 1973, its A-side peaked at number 59 nationally but hit big in the band's native Boston, where it was the number 1 single of the year on the less commercial top 40 station, WBZ-FM, number 5 for the year on highly rated Top 40 WRKO-AM, and number 16 on heritage Top 40 WMEX-AM. "Somebody" is driven by a basic blues guitar riff and Tyler's lyrics tell

title: Call on Me (Janet Jackson song)

text: Call on Me (Janet Jackson song) "Call on Me" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson with guest vocals from American rapper Nelly from Jackson's ninth studio album, "20 Y.O." (2006). It was written by Jermaine Dupri, Johnta Austin, James Phillips, Cornell Haynes Jr., James Harris III and Terry Lewis, and produced by Dupri, Phillips, Jam and Lewis, in addition to Jackson. "Call on Me" was released as the album's lead single in June 19, 2006, by Virgin Records. The song is a mid-tempo ballad which talks about calling on a person when a friend or somebody to listen

title: Brian K. Jackson

text: first notable signing was writer/producer, Fitzgerald Scott who soon after penned multiple songs for Keith Sweat, including the single, "Nobody". He was promoted to Creative Director in 1995. In that same year, Jackson crossed paths with producer Rodney Jerkins, made him an offer, and signed him to his first major publishing deal. Jackson watched the performance of a young 16-year-old singer named Alicia Cook (aka Lellow) at B. Smith's restaurant in Manhattan. Upon completing her performance, Jackson approached her and the following day he contacted her manager, Jeff Robinson, to discuss signing her to EMI as a writer. Several days

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: feel of 'Billie Jean.'" Jonathan Bernstein, a writer for "Spin", wrote that "Who Is It" was "close skin to "Billie Jean". Alan Light of "Rolling Stone" noted that unlike his previous efforts, it is about betrayal. "Who Is It" was commercially successful worldwide, generally peaking within the top 30 positions on national music charts. The song peaked at number 14 on the United States' "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, while peaking at number six on "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, as well as topping the "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Play. Internationally, "Who Is It" reached the top 20 in several countries. The

title: Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)

text: in 1992. The song was not performed by Jackson on any of his world concert tours. He did, however, perform a small segment of the song in his interview with Oprah Winfrey in early 1993. An instrumental portion of the song was supposed to be used during the "This Is It" comeback concerts in London, which were canceled due to Jackson's death. "Who Is It" was recorded by Michael Jackson in 1990 for his eighth studio album, "Dangerous", which was released the following year. Jackson wrote and composed the track, and produced it with Bill Bottrell. It was released as

title: Who's Lovin' You

text: b-side to The Jackson 5's first single, "I Want You Back", which went to #1 on both the pop and R&B charts. A shortened version was included on the first Jackson 5 LP, "Diana Ross Presents the Jackson 5". The original single version was twenty seconds longer, with fewer backing vocals and sparser instrumentation than the album version. The mono single mix was released on Michael's "Love Songs" compilation release in 2002. The Jackson 5 performed this on their first Ed Sullivan Show appearance. When the group performed the song during their concerts and live performances, Michael usually gave an

title: Somebody's Watching Me

text: "Somebody's Watching Me" is a song by American singer Rockwell from his debut studio album Somebody's Watching Me (1984). It was released as Rockwell's debut single and lead single from the album on January 14, 1984, by Motown. It features former Jackson 5 members Michael Jackson (vocals in the chorus) and Jermaine Jackson (additional backing vocals).

title: Somebody's Watching Me

short_answers:
Jermaine Jackson
Rockwell


question: who played the mom on what's eating gilbert grape

answers: Darlene Cates

title: Darlene Cates

text: gained an additional 149 pounds. Hedges offered her the role of a morbidly obese mother in the 1993 film "What's Eating Gilbert Grape", which she accepted. Television roles followed on the shows "Picket Fences" in 1994 and "Touched by an Angel" in 1996. She had a small role in the 2001 film "Wolf Girl". Producer J. Miles Dale flew a small crew and the film's stars from Romania to Texas to shoot their scenes with Cates. Her performance in "What's Eating Gilbert Grape", her first attempt at acting in any form, received critical acclaim and was lauded by her costars

title: Laura Harrington

text: Laura Harrington Laura Harrington (born April 29, 1958) is an American actress. Harrington is perhaps best known for her role as the main character's sister in the 1993 film "What's Eating Gilbert Grape". Her character was aged around 20 though the actress herself was 35 at the time. She has also had a prominent role in the 1986 film "Maximum Overdrive", written and directed by horror novelist Stephen King, in which she played the love interest to Emilio Estevez's character. She had a supporting role in the 1997 film "The Devil's Advocate", alongside Keanu Reeves and Al Pacino. Harrington has

title: What's Eating Gilbert Grape

text: his mother's death, as Gilbert and his brother Arnie wait by the side of a road for Becky, who arrives with her grandmother, and picks them up. "What's Eating Gilbert Grape" was shot in Texas, in various towns and cities; Austin and Pflugerville were primary locations, as well as Manor, where the water tower featured in the film was located. "Film Review" quoted actor Leonardo DiCaprio: The film had a limited release on December 17, 1993 and wide release on March 4, 1994. The wide release garnered $2,104,938 on its first weekend. Total domestic gross for the film was $10,032,765.

title: What's Eating Gilbert Grape

text: his sisters Amy (Laura Harrington) and Ellen (Mary Kate Schellhardt) do the rest. The relationship between the brothers is of both care and protection, as Gilbert continually enforces the "nobody touches Arnie" policy. A new FoodLand supermarket has opened, threatening the small Lamson's Grocery where Gilbert works. In addition, Gilbert is having an affair with a married woman, Betty Carver (Mary Steenburgen). The family is looking forward to Arnie's 18th birthday. A young woman named Becky (Juliette Lewis) and her grandmother are stuck in town when the International Harvester Travelall pulling their trailer breaks down. Gilbert's unusual life circumstances threaten

title: Laura Harrington

text: also appeared in television series including "Quantum Leap". She co-wrote the script for the film "The Moon and the Sun". Laura Harrington Laura Harrington (born April 29, 1958) is an American actress. Harrington is perhaps best known for her role as the main character's sister in the 1993 film "What's Eating Gilbert Grape". Her character was aged around 20 though the actress herself was 35 at the time. She has also had a prominent role in the 1986 film "Maximum Overdrive", written and directed by horror novelist Stephen King, in which she played the love interest to Emilio Estevez's character.

title: What's Eating Gilbert Grape

text: The film received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film was given an 89% "Certified Fresh" score and an average rating of 7.3/10 based on 45 reviews. The site's consensus states that the film is "sentimental and somewhat predictable, but those are small complaints, given the tender atmosphere and moving performances at the heart of "What's Eating Gilbert Grape"." "The New York Times" film critic Janet Maslin praised DiCaprio's performance, writing "the film's real show-stopping turn comes from Mr. DiCaprio, who makes Arnie's many tics so startling and vivid that at first he is difficult to watch… The

title: Melissa Gilbert

text: Melissa Gilbert Melissa Ellen Gilbert (born May 8, 1964) is an American actress and television director. Gilbert began her career as a child actress in the late 1960s, appearing in numerous commercials and guest starring roles on television. From 1974 to 1984, she starred as Laura Ingalls Wilder, the second oldest daughter of Charles Ingalls (played by Michael Landon) on the NBC series "Little House on the Prairie". During the run of "Little House", Gilbert appeared in several popular television films, including "The Diary of Anne Frank" and "The Miracle Worker". As an adult, she continued her career mainly in

title: Sara Gilbert

text: announced that she and Adler had separated amicably. Following the breakup, Gilbert began a relationship with songwriter, music producer and former 4 Non Blondes frontwoman Linda Perry. Gilbert announced their engagement in April 2013, and the pair married on March 30, 2014. Gilbert gave birth to their son, Rhodes Emilio Gilbert Perry, on February 28, 2015. Sara Gilbert Sara Gilbert (born Sara Rebecca Abeles; January 29, 1975) is an American actress, best known for her role as Darlene Conner on the ABC sitcom "Roseanne" (1988–1997; 2018), for which she received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations. She is also co-host and

title: Leonardo DiCaprio filmography

text: Leonardo DiCaprio filmography Leonardo DiCaprio is an American actor and producer who started his career performing as a child on television. He appeared on the shows "The New Lassie" (1989) and "Santa Barbara" (1990) and also had long running roles in the comedy-drama "Parenthood" (1990) and the sitcom "Growing Pains" (1991), before making his film debut in the 1991 direct-to-video release "Critters 3". Two years later, he played Tobias Wolff opposite Robert De Niro in "This Boy's Life" (1993). He followed this with a supporting role in "What's Eating Gilbert Grape" (1993), which earned him a nomination for the Academy

title: Gracie Gilbert

text: Gracie Gilbert Gracie Gilbert (born 20 October 1992) is an Australian actress, best known for her role as Tammy Lane in the Fox8 teen drama series, "SLiDE", as Vicki in "Lockie Leonard", and as Annie in "Love Child". Gilbert grew up in Perth, Western Australia. She attended Mercedes College and the University of Western Australia, where she began a combined Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degree, majoring in English and Women's Studies. She has since trained in acting at the 16th Street Actors Studio in Melbourne, Ali Robert Screen Studio in Perth, and with Tom McSweeney. She currently

title: Melissa Gilbert

text: television films. Gilbert has also continued with guest starring roles on television and has done voice work for animation such as "" as Barbara Gordon / Batgirl. From 2009 to 2010, Gilbert appeared as Caroline "Ma" Ingalls in the touring production of "Little House on the Prairie, the Musical". In 2012, she was a contestant on season fourteen of the popular reality dance competition show "Dancing with the Stars" on ABC. Gilbert served as the President of the Screen Actors Guild from 2001 to 2005. In 2009, her autobiography "Prairie Tale: A Memoir", was released. In 2014, she wrote a

title: Nora Kirkpatrick

text: with a degree in Theatre, Film, and Television. After graduating, Kirkpatrick went to Africa to volunteer and teach in Nakuru, Kenya. Nora Kirkpatrick Nora Kirkpatrick (born December 6, 1984) is an American actress, writer and musician. She is probably best known for her role as Katherine, the stern president of Panhellenic, on the ABC Family TV series "Greek", or for her recurring role on the ninth season of "The Office" as Esther Bruegger, a neighboring farmer's daughter who becomes Dwight's girlfriend. Kirkpatrick starred in the 2015 film "Pink Grapefruit", which won the SXSW Grand Jury Award. She has played many

title: Gracie Gilbert

text: studies producing at the Australian Film, Television and Radio School. Gracie Gilbert Gracie Gilbert (born 20 October 1992) is an Australian actress, best known for her role as Tammy Lane in the Fox8 teen drama series, "SLiDE", as Vicki in "Lockie Leonard", and as Annie in "Love Child". Gilbert grew up in Perth, Western Australia. She attended Mercedes College and the University of Western Australia, where she began a combined Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degree, majoring in English and Women's Studies. She has since trained in acting at the 16th Street Actors Studio in Melbourne, Ali Robert

title: What's Eating Gilbert Grape

text: she has become to the family, and he forgives her. He introduces her to Becky—something he had been reluctant to do earlier. Following Arnie's 18th birthday party, Bonnie climbs the stairs to her bedroom for the first time since her husband's suicide. Arnie later tries to wake her but discovers that she has died. The children, not willing to let their mother become the joke of the town by having her corpse lifted from the house by crane, empty their family home of possessions and set it on fire. A year later, Gilbert describes what happened to his family after

title: Sara Gilbert

text: Harry Crane. Gilbert has four older half-siblings. Her two siblings on her mother's side, Melissa Gilbert and Jonathan Gilbert, were stars of "Little House on the Prairie". In 1984, Sara took the last name Gilbert for Paul Gilbert, her mother's first husband. Gilbert also has two siblings on her father's side, sister Patrice and brother Joseph. Gilbert graduated from Yale University in 1997 with honors, majoring in art with an emphasis on photography. Following appearances in television movies and a commercial for Kool-Aid, at 13 she landed the role of Darlene Conner, the sarcastic middle child, in "Roseanne". Gilbert was

title: Sara Gilbert

text: medical student Jane Figler on the long-running hospital drama "ER"; her appearances spanned seasons 11-13. Gilbert returned to prime time television in the fall of 2005 in the sitcom "Twins" on The WB network. The sitcom was canceled after one season, when the WB and UPN networks merged as The CW and dropped a number of shows. She also had a recurring role on the short-lived CBS sitcom "The Class" as Fern Velch. From 2007 to 2010, Gilbert appeared in episodes of the CBS TV series "The Big Bang Theory" as Leslie Winkle, a scientist friend of Leonard Hofstadter played

title: Melissa Gilbert

text: lower spine. The surgery was described as a complete success. In January 2015, Gilbert decided to have her breast implants removed for health reasons. Melissa Gilbert Melissa Ellen Gilbert (born May 8, 1964) is an American actress and television director. Gilbert began her career as a child actress in the late 1960s, appearing in numerous commercials and guest starring roles on television. From 1974 to 1984, she starred as Laura Ingalls Wilder, the second oldest daughter of Charles Ingalls (played by Michael Landon) on the NBC series "Little House on the Prairie". During the run of "Little House", Gilbert appeared

title: Cameron Finley

text: and Brink's Security. Finley acted in the films "What's Eating Gilbert Grape", "A Perfect World", "8 Seconds", and appeared as a guest on "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno" on three separate occasions. In 1997, after beating out more than 5,000 other boys in a nationwide search, Finley played the title character in the "Leave It to Beaver" film. He then appeared in "Hope Floats" as Travis, a sad child who dresses up as a dozen different characters ranging from Barney the Dinosaur to Charlie Chaplin. Finley also starred in the 2000 direct-to-video Disney movie "Perfect Game", in which he

title: Melissa Sue Anderson

text: in the television film "James at 15". She was nominated for a 1978 Primetime Emmy Award for Best Leading Actress in a Drama Series for her work on "Little House on the Prairie" and won the Emmy Award for her performance in "Which Mother Is Mine?", which aired as an "ABC Afterschool Special" in 1979. Also in 1979, she played the title role of Dana Lee Gilbert, a North Dakota transfer student to Los Angeles' San Fernando Valley in CBS's television film "Survival of Dana". In 1980, Anderson earned a 'TP de Oro' Award (considered to be Spain's most prestigious

title: What's Eating Gilbert Grape

text: word. Arnie also runs out and goes to Becky's, who takes care of him for the evening until he is picked up by his sisters. After some soul searching aided by Becky, Gilbert returns home during the birthday party to make amends to his family for running out and to be forgiven by Arnie which, with only the slightest hesitation, he is. He apologizes to his mother for his behavior and promises that he is not ashamed of her and that he will not let her be hurt any more. She admits to Gilbert her knowledge of what a burden

title: Juliette Lewis

text: for a Golden Globe Award, as well as an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Over the next few years, she appeared in Woody Allen's "Husbands and Wives", Peter Medak's "Romeo Is Bleeding", and opposite Brad Pitt in "Kalifornia". In 1993, she acted alongside Leonardo DiCaprio and Johnny Depp in the drama film "What's Eating Gilbert Grape". She played Mallory Knox in Oliver Stone's "Natural Born Killers". She played a rock singer in the film "Strange Days", doing her own singing on covers of two songs written by PJ Harvey. She received an Emmy nomination for her performance in "Hysterical

title: Sara Gilbert

text: Sara Gilbert Sara Gilbert (born Sara Rebecca Abeles; January 29, 1975) is an American actress, best known for her role as Darlene Conner on the ABC sitcom "Roseanne" (1988–1997; 2018), for which she received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations. She is also co-host and creator of the CBS daytime talk show "The Talk" and has had a recurring role as Leslie Winkle on CBS's "The Big Bang Theory". Gilbert was born Sara Rebecca Abeles in Santa Monica, California, the daughter of Barbara Cowan (née Crane) and Harold Abeles. Both her parents are Jewish. Her maternal grandfather is "The Honeymooners" creator

title: Paul Gilbert (actor)

text: "The Spike Jones Show" in 1954. He played the role of murder victim Harrison Boring in the 1964 "Perry Mason" episode, "The Case of the Blonde Bonanza." Gilbert also appeared in other early television shows such as "The NBC Comedy Hour", "The Colgate Comedy Hour", and "Lux Video Theatre". In the 1960s Gilbert was seen on several network television series including "The Dick Van Dyke Show", "The Hollywood Palace", "Gomer Pyle U.S.M.C.", "Good Morning, World", "The Dean Martin Show" and "Rowan and Martin's Laugh In". Gilbert and his wife Barbara Crane adopted Melissa Gilbert who played Laura Ingalls Wilder and

title: Rebecca Balding

text: Rebecca Balding Rebecca Balding (born September 21, 1955) is an American actress who is probably best known for her appearances on "Soap" and "Charmed". Balding was born in Little Rock, Arkansas. She attended the University of Kansas. She had the role of Carol David, mother of Jodie Dallas' child, on "Soap", appearing in 19 episodes from 1978 through 1980. Balding played Corky Crandall in 1979 in the sitcom "Makin' It", as well as the original female reporter Carla Mardigian during the first three episodes of the inaugural 1977 season of the drama series "Lou Grant", starring Ed Asner, before that

title: Paul Gilbert (actor)

text: her brother Jonathan Gilbert who played Willie Oleson on the NBC TV series "Little House on the Prairie". Gilbert was believed to have died suddenly of a stroke on February 13, 1976. In her autobiography, his daughter, actress Melissa Gilbert wrote that, due to his suffering from constant pain from injuries incurred during WWII, he committed suicide. Actress and producer Sara Gilbert ("née" Sara Rebecca Abeles), the daughter of Paul's wife Barbara and her second husband, Harold Abeles, took the Gilbert surname in 1984 although she had no blood or legal ties to Paul Gilbert. Paul Gilbert (actor) Paul Gilbert

title: Melissa Gilbert

text: Gilbert (born Ed MacMahon, he changed his name to Paul Gilbert to get a Screen Actors Guild card) and his wife, dancer and actress Barbara Crane, the daughter of "The Honeymooners" creator Harry Crane. The couple later adopted a son, Jonathan, who co-starred on "Little House on the Prairie". Gilbert's adoptive parents divorced when she was 8 years old. Barbara Crane Gilbert then married Harold Abeles, and together they had biological daughter Sara Rebecca Abeles (the actress known professionally as Sara Gilbert) on January 29, 1975. On February 13, 1976, Paul Gilbert died. Although 11-year-old Melissa was told that he

title: Jessica Walter

text: Ava Marshall. Since then, she has worked most frequently in television and theater, though she did appear in some films including "The Flamingo Kid" (1984) and the film "PCU" (1994). In the 1990s, she voiced Fran Sinclair on the ABC comedy "Dinosaurs", and appeared on "Just Shoot Me!" as Eve Gallo, the mother of Maya and the ex-wife of magazine publisher Jack Gallo. From 2003 to 2006, she appeared in a regular role as the scheming alcoholic socialite matriarch Lucille Bluth on Fox's critically acclaimed comedy series "Arrested Development". In 2005, she received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress

title: Ana Gasteyer

text: also starred as Frisco Kate Fothergill in the City Centers Encores! production of "Girl Crazy," running from November 19 to November 22, 2009. She returned to "Saturday Night Live" for a special Mother's Day episode on May 8, 2010, and for another Mother's Day episode on May 11, 2012. Gasteyer appeared in season eight of "Curb Your Enthusiasm" as Larry David's girlfriend. From 2011 to 2014, Gasteyer co-starred as Sheila Shay on the ABC comedy series "Suburgatory," and as of March 2013, she was a spokeswoman for the Weight Watchers diet plan. In 2014, taking advantage of her training as

title: Nicole Sullivan

text: of her own Lifetime television series "Rita Rocks". From 2008 to 2013, she voiced Marlene in "The Penguins of Madagascar". Sullivan played Jules' (Courteney Cox) therapist, Lynn Mettler, on the comedy "Cougar Town". She portrayed Lyla in the Disney Channel original movie "Let It Shine" in 2012. In 2013, she starred in the short-lived Nickelodeon sitcom "Wendell and Vinnie" as Wilma Basset. Sullivan was born in Manhattan. She is the daughter of Edward C. Sullivan, a New York State assemblyman. She took dance classes at age 7 and performed in Off Broadway and Broadway productions with the First All-Children's Theatre.

title: Darlene Cates

text: Darlene Cates (born Rita Darlene Guthrie; December 13, 1947 – March 26, 2017) was an American actress.  She was best known for her role in the 1993 film What's Eating Gilbert Grape, in which she played the title character's housebound mother.

title: Darlene Cates


question: when does the second part of vikings season 4 start

answers: November 30, 2016

title: Vikings (2013 TV series)

text: episodes. In the UK, "Vikings" premiered on May 24, 2013, where it was exclusively available on the streaming video-on-demand service LoveFilm. The second season premiered on March 24, 2015. The third season began airing on February 20, 2015, on Amazon Video. In Australia, the series premiered on August 8, 2013, on SBS One. It was later moved to FX, which debuted the second season on February 4, 2015. Season three of Vikings began broadcasting in Australia on SBS One on March 19, 2015. Season four of Vikings began broadcasting in Australia on SBS One on February 24, 2016. The first

title: Vikings (season 4)

text: performed by Hilda Örvarsdóttir. The track was released as a single on October 20, 2017 together with a second version solely performed by Selvik. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 92% approval rating, with an average rating of 8.3/10 based on twelve reviews. Vikings (season 4) The fourth season of the historical drama television series "Vikings" premiered on February 18, 2016 on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of

title: Vikings (season 2)

text: on 11 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Vikings (season 2) The second season of the historical drama television series "Vikings" premiered on February 27, 2014 on History in Canada, and concluded on May 1, 2014, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The second season follows Ragnar's struggles with rival Vikings and his rise from Earl to King. The Vikings

title: Vikings (season 5)

text: Vikings (season 5) The fifth season of the historical drama television series "Vikings" premiered on November 29, 2017 on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The fifth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half premiered on November 28, 2018. The premise of the fifth season differs from the

title: Vikings (season 2)

text: production designers Tom Conroy for the first to sixth episodes, and Mark Geraghty for the seventh to tenth episodes, editors Aaron Marshall for the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth episodes, and Don Cassidy for the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth episodes, and cinematographer Pj Dillon. The musical score for the second season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with Einar Selvik, Steve Tavaglione and Brian Kilgore. The opening sequence is again accompanied by the song "If I Had a Heart" by Fever Ray. The soundtrack was released on June 13, 2014 by Sony Classical Records. Additional non-original

title: Vikings (season 3)

text: Vikings (season 3) The third season of the historical drama television series "Vikings" premiered on February 19, 2015 on History in Canada, and concluded on April 23, 2015, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The third season follows the development of Ragnar's family, and the Vikings as they become more entwined in English affairs, and also begin to raid

title: Vikings (season 5)

text: fourth, sixth, eighth and thirteenth episodes, Michele Conroy for the seventh, ninth and eleventh episodes, and Dan Briceno for the twelfth episode, and cinematographers Pj Dillon for the first and second episodes, Peter Robertson for the third, fourth, and seventh to thirteenth episodes, and Suzie Lavelle for the fifth and sixth episodes. At the same time that the series was renewed for a fifth season, it was announced that Irish actor Jonathan Rhys Meyers would be joining the cast, as Heahmund, a "warrior bishop". Vikings creator Michael Hirst, explained: "I was looking at the history books, and I came across

title: Vikings (season 2)

text: Vikings (season 2) The second season of the historical drama television series "Vikings" premiered on February 27, 2014 on History in Canada, and concluded on May 1, 2014, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The second season follows Ragnar's struggles with rival Vikings and his rise from Earl to King. The Vikings raid further into England, and for the

title: Vikings (2013 TV series)

text: the third season as a shaman. Michael Hirst announced plans for the fourth season before the third season had begun airing. The fourth season began production around the Dublin area in April 2015. Finnish actors Peter Franzén and Jasper Pääkkönen, as well as Canadian actress Dianne Doan joined the cast of the fourth season. Franzén played Norwegian King Harald Finehair, a potential rival to Ragnar. Pääkkönen was cast as Halfdan the Black, Finehair's brother. Doan portrays Yidu, a Chinese character who has a major role in the first half of the fourth season. Toronto Blue Jays player Josh Donaldson is

title: 2009 Minnesota Vikings season

text: show hosts and sports analysts were convinced that a red-hot Dallas team was going to end the Vikings' explosive season with Brett Favre. Tony Romo had been throwing more accurately than ever, and because the Vikings had a week off, even their own fans were feeling the pressure of facing a tough Dallas team. Entering the playoffs as the NFC's number 2 seed, the Vikings began their playoff run at home in the NFC Divisional Round against the number 3 Dallas Cowboys. Minnesota delivered the opening strike in the first quarter as quarterback Brett Favre found wide receiver Sidney Rice

title: Vikings (2013 TV series)

text: one of Oleg's successors, Vladimir the Great, Prince of Novgorod. Katheryn Winnick, who portrays Lagertha in the show, will direct one of the Season 6 episodes. "Vikings" premiered on March 3, 2013, in Canada and the United States. "Vikings" was renewed for a fourth season in March 2015 with an extended order of 20 episodes, which premiered on February 18, 2016. On March 17, 2016, History renewed "Vikings" for a fifth season of 20 episodes, which premiered on November 29, 2017. On September 12, 2017, ahead of its fifth-season premiere, the series was renewed for a sixth season of 20

title: 2010 Minnesota Vikings season

text: formula, the Vikings will play every team in the NFC East and AFC East, the teams from the NFC South and NFC West that finished the same place in their division as the Vikings last year (which were the division winners), as well as their usual NFC North division rivals. The schedule was announced on April 20, 2010: the season began with the Vikings taking on the New Orleans Saints in the NFL Kickoff Game on Thursday, September 9, while the bye week will come in Week 4. The season will culminate with road games against the Philadelphia Eagles and

title: Vikings (season 4)

text: first eight and last four episodes, and Owen McPolin for the ninth to sixteenth episodes. The musical score for the fourth season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with Einar Selvik. The opening sequence is again accompanied by the song "If I Had a Heart" by Fever Ray. Additional non-original music by Norwegian music group Wardruna is featured in the episodes "In the Uncertain Hour Before the Morning" and "Crossings". The featured tracks are "Bjarkan", "Laukr" and "Algir — Tognatale". The episode "All His Angels" also features an original song titled "Snake Pit Poetry", written by Einar Selvik and

title: Vikings (season 5)

text: Morgan O'Sullivan, Sheila Hockin, Sherry Marsh, Alan Gasmer, James Flynn, John Weber, and Michael Hirst are credited as executive producers. This season was produced by Keith Thompson for the first four episodes, and Liz Gill for the fifth to thirteenth episodes. Bill Goddard and Séamus McInerney act as co-producers. The production team for this season includes casting directors Frank and Nuala Moiselle, costume designer Susan O'Connor Cave, visual effects supervisor Dominic Remane, stunt action designer Richard Ryan, composer Trevor Morris, production designer Mark Geraghty, editors Aaron Marshall for the first, third, fifth and tenth episodes, Tad Seaborn for the second,

title: Vikings (season 3)

text: Aaron Marshall for the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth episodes, and Tad Seaborn for the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth episodes, and cinematographer Pj Dillon. The musical score for the third season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with Einar Selvik and Steve Tavaglione. The opening sequence is again accompanied by the song "If I Had a Heart" by Fever Ray. The soundtrack was released on May 15, 2015 by Sony Classical Records. Additional non-original music by Norwegian music group Wardruna is featured in the episodes "The Wanderer", "Paris", "To the Gates!" and "Breaking Point". The featured

title: Vikings (season 4)

text: in Francia, Bjorn's raid into the Mediterranean, and the Viking invasion of England. It concluded in its entirety on February 1, 2017. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> "Vikings" is an Irish-Canadian co-production presented by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The fourth season was developed and produced by Octagon Films for the first sixteen episodes, TM Productions for the last four episodes, and Take 5 Productions. Morgan O'Sullivan, Sheila Hockin, Sherry Marsh, Alan Gasmer, James Flynn, John Weber, and Michael Hirst are credited as executive producers. This season was produced by Keith Thompson for the first eight and for the last four episodes, and Sanne Wohlenberg for the ninth

title: Vikings (season 3)

text: track "Battle for the Hill of the Ash", which plays in the episode "Warrior's Fate", while the song "Howl" is featured in the episode "The Dead". The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating, with an average rating of 8/10 based on eleven reviews. On Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, it scored 81 out of 100, based on seven reviews, indicating "universal acclaim". Vikings (season 3) The third season of the historical drama television series "Vikings" premiered on February 19, 2015 on History in Canada, and concluded on April 23, 2015, consisting of ten episodes. The

title: Vikings (season 1)

text: season outing." Vikings (season 1) "Vikings" is a historical drama television series, written and created by Michael Hirst for the television channel History. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season premiered on March 3, 2013 in Canada and concluded on April 28, 2013, consisting of nine episodes. It begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793, and follows Ragnar's quest to become Earl, and his desire to raid England. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> An Irish-Canadian co-production presented by

title: Vikings (season 1)

text: Vikings (season 1) "Vikings" is a historical drama television series, written and created by Michael Hirst for the television channel History. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season premiered on March 3, 2013 in Canada and concluded on April 28, 2013, consisting of nine episodes. It begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793, and follows Ragnar's quest to become Earl, and his desire to raid England. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> An Irish-Canadian co-production presented by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, "Vikings"

title: 2016 Minnesota Vikings season

text: 5–0 or better more than once and on both occasions miss the playoffs. The team's new stadium, U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, opened at the start of the season, with a regular season debut victory on September 18 against division rival Green Bay on "NBC Sunday Night Football". It was built on the site of the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, the team's home from 1982 through 2013. The Vikings played at the outdoor TCF Bank Stadium at the University of Minnesota in 2014 and 2015. On August 30, starting quarterback Teddy Bridgewater suffered a season-ending ACL tear and dislocated knee

title: Vikings (2013 TV series)

text: Hirst, Morgan O'Sullivan, John Weber, Sherry Marsh, Alan Gasmer, James Flynn and Sheila Hockin are credited as executive producers. The first season's budget was reported as US$40 million. The series began filming in July 2012 at Ashford Studios which is a newly built facility in Ireland. This location was chosen for its scenery and tax advantages. On August 16, 2012, longship scenes were filmed at Luggala, as well as on the Poulaphouca Reservoir in the Wicklow Mountains. 70 percent of the first season was filmed outdoors. Some additional background shots were done in western Norway. Johan Renck, Ciarán Donnelly and

title: Vikings (2013 TV series)

text: sons, and their adventures in England, Scandinavia and the Mediterranean. On March 17, 2016, History renewed "Vikings" for a fifth season of 20 episodes, which premiered on November 29, 2017. On September 12, 2017, ahead of its fifth-season premiere, the series was renewed for a sixth season, which will consist of 20 episodes. The series is inspired by the tales of the Norsemen of early medieval Scandinavia. It broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, family and descendants, as notably laid down in the 13th-century sagas "Ragnars saga Loðbrókar" and "Ragnarssona þáttr", as

title: Vikings (season 1)

text: episodes, and Michele Conroy for the second, fourth, sixth and eighth episodes, and cinematographer John Bartley. Pj Dillon served as second unit director of photography. The musical score for the first season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with Steven Richard Davis, Steve Tavaglione, Brian Kilgore, Tina Guo and Mel Wesson. The opening sequence is accompanied by the song "If I Had a Heart" by Fever Ray. The soundtrack was released on June 21, 2013 by Sony Music Entertainment. Additional non-original music by Norwegian music group Wardruna is featured in the episodes "Trial" and "Sacrifice". The featured tracks—which were

title: Vikings (season 1)

text: not included in the soundtrack release—are "Fehu", "Ár var alda", "Heimta Thurs", "Dagr", "Laukr", and "Løyndomsriss". The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 81% approval rating with an average rating of 6.9/10 based on 27 reviews. The site's consensus reads, "Vikings makes up for its lack of historical accuracy with a heaping helping of violence, romance, and striking visuals". Metacritic assigned a score of 71 based on 20 reviews. IGN gave the first season of Vikings an overall score of 7.0 stating "While parts of the story felt rushed and sparsely told, Vikings still gave us a good first

title: Vikings (season 4)

text: to sixteenth episodes. Bill Goddard and Séamus McInerney act as co-producers. The production team for this season includes casting directors Frank and Nuala Moiselle, costume designer Joan Bergin, visual effects supervisor Dominic Remane, stunt action designers Franklin Henson and Richard Ryan, composer Trevor Morris, production designer Mark Geraghty, editors Aaron Marshall for the first, fourth, seventh, fifteenth and eighteenth episodes, Christopher Donaldson for the second, fifth and eighth episodes, Tad Seaborn for the third, sixth, ninth, eleventh, thirteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth episodes, and Don Cassidy for the tenth, twelfth, fourteenth, seventeenth and twentieth episodes, and cinematographers Pj Dillon for the

title: 2018 Minnesota Vikings season

text: season with a home game against the San Francisco 49ers, their first home game since the Minneapolis Miracle in the divisional round of the 2017–18 NFL playoffs. The game saw quarterback Kirk Cousins and defensive tackle Sheldon Richardson make their regular season debuts for the Vikings, as well as the return of second-year running back Dalvin Cook, who had torn his ACL early in the 2017 season. The two teams traded punts to start the game, before the Vikings put a drive together on their second possession, culminating with a 48-yard field goal by rookie kicker Daniel Carlson. The 49ers

title: 2010 Minnesota Vikings season

text: Tuesday night. Minnesota trailed in the first quarter as Eagles quarterback Michael Vick completed a 3-yard touchdown pass to tight end Clay Harbor. The Vikings answered in the second quarter with cornerback Antoine Winfield returning a fumble 45 yards for a touchdown. Minnesota took the lead in the third quarter with a 30-yard field goal from kicker Ryan Longwell, followed by a 9-yard touchdown run from rookie quarterback Joe Webb. Philadelphia struck back with Vick getting a 10-yard touchdown run which cut the lead to a field goal, but the Vikings came right back with a 1-yard touchdown run from

title: 2007 Minnesota Vikings season

text: team when he was hired by the Vikings. Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. The Vikings began their 2007 campaign at home against the Atlanta Falcons. In the first quarter, Minnesota scored first with defensive tackle Kevin Williams returning an interception 54 yards for a touchdown. It was the only score of the first half. In the third quarter, kicker Ryan Longwell kicked a 49-yard field goal. In the fourth quarter, the Falcons got their only score of the game, with Matt Prater kicking a 45-yard field goal. From there, the Vikings had the only offense with Tarvaris Jackson

title: 2008 Minnesota Vikings season

text: would clinch their 17th division title, and their first since 2000. Coming off their road rout of the Cardinals, the Vikings went home for a Week 16 battle with the Atlanta Falcons; a win would give the Vikings their first division title since 2000, and their first NFC North title. Minnesota trailed early in the first quarter as Falcons running back Michael Turner got a 1-yard touchdown run. The Vikings would respond with quarterback Tarvaris Jackson completing a 21-yard touchdown pass to tight end Visanthe Shiancoe. However, Atlanta would answer in the second quarter with quarterback Matt Ryan completing an

title: Vikings (season 4)

text: The fourth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half premiered on November 30, 2016.  The season follows the battles between Ragnar and Rollo in Francia, Bjorn's raid into the Mediterranean, and the Viking invasion of England. It concluded in its entirety on February 1, 2017.

title: Vikings (season 4)