question: who were the major countries involved in the cold war

answers: the Soviet Union

answers: the United States

title: Eastern Bloc

text: the People's Republic of Azerbaijan and Republic of Mahabad (1946), as well as the Marxist-Leninist states straddling the Second and Third Worlds before the end of the Cold War: the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (from 1967), the People's Republic of the Congo (from 1969), the People's Republic of Benin, the People's Republic of Angola and People's Republic of Mozambique from 1975, the People's Revolutionary Government of Grenada from 1979 to 1983, the Derg/People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1974, and the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 until the Ogaden War in 1977. Many states were also accused by the

title: Cold War

text: Greek Civil War) and creating the NATO alliance. The Berlin Blockade (1948–49) was the first major crisis of the Cold War. With the victory of the Communist side in the Chinese Civil War and the outbreak of the Korean War (1950–53), the conflict expanded. The USSR and the USA competed for influence in Latin America and the decolonizing states of Africa and Asia. The Soviets suppressed the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The expansion and escalation sparked more crises, such as the Suez Crisis (1956), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, and the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, which was perhaps the

title: Musa Gasimli

text: the concept that that the US and other Western countries were guilty for the Cold War dominated”. Now the “cold war” has ended. The main guilty party of this war, the Soviet empire, collapsed and the West was victorious. The issue of Azerbaijan became one of the most controversial in the field of international relations and was the first seed into the cold war after the former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill’s speech in Fulton in March 1945 (page 24-25). This was a new concept in Azerbaijani and world history that was first introduced by Musa Gasimli. Later, other Azerbaijani

title: Jamil Hasanli

text: USA, Turkey, Iran and other countries. Two of his monographs were published in the Harvard Cold War Studies Book Series (At the dawn of the Cold War: : The Soviet -American Crisis over Iranian Azerbaijan, 1941-1946. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2006; Stalin and the Turkish Crisis of the Cold War, 1945-1953. Lexington Books, 2011). His books The Khrushchev Thaw and National Question in Azerbaijan, 1954-1959 (Moscow, 2009), Foreign Policy of Azerbaijan in the Soviet Period, 1920-1939 (Baku, 2012 and Moscow, 2013) and Ali Mardan bey Topchibashov: Life for the Idea, 1863-1934 (Baku, 2013 and Moscow, 2014) raw heavily upon information

title: History of Russia

text: major Allies had won the war and was supposed to serve as the basis for postwar reconstruction and security. However, the conflict between Soviet and U.S. national interests, known as the Cold War, came to dominate the international stage in the postwar period. The Cold War emerged from a conflict between Stalin and U.S. President Harry Truman over the future of Eastern Europe during the Potsdam Conference in the summer of 1945. Russia had suffered three devastating Western onslaughts in the previous 150 years during the Napoleonic Wars, the First World War, and the Second World War, and Stalin's goal

title: Cold War (1953–1962)

text: World as being a more staunch opponent of colonialism than many independent nations in Africa and Asia. Khrushchev broadened Moscow's policy by establishing new relations with India and other key non-aligned, non-communist states throughout the Third World. Many countries in the emerging Non-Aligned Movement developed a close relation with Moscow. Meanwhile, the Eisenhower administration adjusted U.S. policy to the impact of decolonization. This shifted the focus of 1947–1949 away from war-torn Europe. By the early 1950s, the NATO alliance had already integrated Western Europe into the system of mutual defense pacts, providing safeguards against subversion or neutrality in the bloc.

title: Cold War

text: on to be one of the leading participants in Operation "Condor", an international campaign of political assassination and state terrorism organized by right-wing military dictatorships in the Southern Cone of South America that was covertly supported by the US government. The Middle East remained a source of contention. Egypt, which received the bulk of its arms and economic assistance from the USSR, was a troublesome client, with a reluctant Soviet Union feeling obliged to assist in both the 1967 Six-Day War (with advisers and technicians) and the War of Attrition (with pilots and aircraft) against pro-Western Israel. Despite the beginning

title: Effie Pedaliu

text: PhD in International History, London School of Economics. Pedaliu helped in the organisation and declassification of important documents held by the Greek Foreign Ministry which throw new light on the origins of the Cold War. These were compiled and published in the three volume "Greece at the Cutting Edge of a New World" series: "The Cold War", "The Truman Doctrine", "The Marshall Plan', published in Documents of the Greek Foreign Ministry, 1943–51, Vols. 1–3, Kastaniotis, Athens, March 2002. Pedaliu has commented on CNN on many occasions on issues pertaining to Greece, Italy, the Balkans, and the EU. She has also

title: Tanks in the Cold War

text: M1 Abrams, the Challenger and by any other contemporary Western main battle tank during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Tanks in the Cold War During the Cold War (1945–1990), the two opposing forces in Europe were the Warsaw Pact countries on the one side, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries on the other side. The Warsaw Pact was seen by the West as having an aggressive force outnumbering the NATO forces. Soviet domination of the Warsaw Pact led to effective standardization on a few tank designs. In comparison, NATO adopted a defensive posture. The major contributing nations, France,

title: Cold War International History Project

text: Cold War International History Project The Cold War International History Project is part of the History and Public Policy Program at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. The Project was founded in 1991 with the support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and is located in Washington D.C.. As part of its mission, the Project supports full and prompt release of historical materials by governments on all sides of the Cold War, seeking to integrate new sources, materials and perspectives from the former "Communist bloc" with the historiography of the Cold War. In particular, it disseminates

text: Brazil, 1964–1985: The Military Regimes of Latin America in the Cold War Brazil, 1964-1985: The Military Regimes of Latin America in the Cold War is a book by historians Herbert S. Klein and Francisco Vidal Luna published by Yale University Press in 2017. The book starts off with looking at Latin America as a whole, and how the region was being converted to a dictatorship one country at a time. They also focus on looking at what the different countries' dictatorships were doing differently from one another in regards to oppression and laws being put into effect. The next section

title: Cold War (1953–1962)

text: the Americans were forced to operate covertly, so as not to embarrass their allies, the Eastern Bloc nations made loud threats against the "imperialists" and worked to portray themselves as the defenders of the Third World. Nasser was later lauded around the globe, but especially in the Arab world. Thus, the Suez stalemate was a turning point heralding an ever-growing rift between the Atlantic Cold War allies, which were becoming far less of a united monolith than they were in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War. Italy, France, Spain, West Germany, Norway, Canada, and Britain developed a Common

title: United States

text: Soviet Union jockeyed for power during what became known as the Cold War, driven by an ideological divide between capitalism and communism and, according to the school of geopolitics, a divide between the maritime Atlantic and the continental Eurasian camps. They dominated the military affairs of Europe, with the U.S. and its NATO allies on one side and the USSR and its Warsaw Pact allies on the other. The U.S. developed a policy of containment towards the expansion of communist influence. While the U.S. and Soviet Union engaged in proxy wars and developed powerful nuclear arsenals, the two countries avoided

title: Tanks in the Cold War

text: Tanks in the Cold War During the Cold War (1945–1990), the two opposing forces in Europe were the Warsaw Pact countries on the one side, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries on the other side. The Warsaw Pact was seen by the West as having an aggressive force outnumbering the NATO forces. Soviet domination of the Warsaw Pact led to effective standardization on a few tank designs. In comparison, NATO adopted a defensive posture. The major contributing nations, France, Germany, the USA, and the UK developed their own tank designs, with little in common, while the smaller nations

title: Arab Cold War

text: Arab Cold War The Arab Cold War ( "al-Harb al-`Arabbiyah al-bārdah") was a series of conflicts in the Arab world between the new republics led by Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and espousing Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, and Pan-Arabism and the more traditionalist kingdoms, led by King Faisal of Saudi Arabia. The period of conflict began following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the rise to power of Nasser, and lasted until 1970, when he died, although others think it lasted until the final end of the Cold War in 1991. Despite its beginnings during the global Cold War and

title: Cold War Conflicts

text: Cold War Conflicts Cold War Conflicts is a real-time strategy game developed by Russian studios Fireglow Games and Red Ice software, set in the historical period of the Cold War era from 1950 to 1973. In four campaigns you take control of the military forces of eight different nations (United States, Israel, Egypt, North Korea, Great Britain, Syria, USSR and China). Some of the campaigns are non-linear which means that success or failure in some missions results in a different starting point and strength of military forces in the following mission. The game is designed to present an accurate account

title: Ted Hopf

text: the Marshall D. Shulman Award, presented by the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, for the best book of 2003 on the international politics of the former Soviet Union and Central Europe. In April 2012, "Reconstructing the Cold War: The Early Years, 1945–1958", was published by Oxford University Press. Ted Hopf Ted Hopf (born 1959) is an American academic and a leading figure in constructivism in international relations theory. He is currently a Professor of Political Science at the National University of Singapore (NUS). Hopf earned a bachelor of arts from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and

title: Cold War (1953–1962)

text: leading communist powers was irreparably shattered. Although the Warsaw Pact nations backed China's October 1962 peace offer, urging Nehru to accept it, Albania's and Romania's offer to deliver MiG fighter planes to India sent and Sino-Albanian and Sino-Romanian relations into crisis. This also turned China against other Eastern European communist states. By the end of 1963, the Eastern Bloc and China were engaging in open polemics against each other, initiating a period of open hostility between the former allies that lasted for the remainder of the Cold War era. In the ensuing years from World War II in the United

title: Origins of the Cold War

text: conflict between the two superpowers was inevitable or could have been avoided. Discussion of these questions has centered in large part on the works of William Appleman Williams, Walter LaFeber, and John Lewis Gaddis. Officials in the Truman administration placed responsibility for postwar tensions on the Soviets, claiming that Stalin had violated promises made at Yalta, pursued a policy of expansionism in Eastern Europe, and conspired to spread communism throughout the world. Historians associated with the "Wisconsin School" of diplomatic history such as Williams, however, placed responsibility for the breakdown of postwar peace mostly on the U.S., citing a range

title: Nuclear umbrella

text: of defense of Western Europe from possible Soviet invasion. Most non-Communist European states joined the alliance, although some (Ireland, Switzerland, Austria, Sweden, Finland) instead maintained an official policy of neutrality. Sweden and Switzerland considered developing their own nuclear weapons but abandoned the idea. NATO involved others of the five official nuclear weapons states. The United Kingdom and Canada participated in the initial American development of the atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) during World War II, but were afterwards excluded from nuclear weapons secrets by act of the US Congress. Britain launched an independent nuclear weapons program; after Britain successfully developed thermonuclear

title: Cold War Conflicts

text: mediocre graphics and lack of tutorials to help new players. Cold War Conflicts Cold War Conflicts is a real-time strategy game developed by Russian studios Fireglow Games and Red Ice software, set in the historical period of the Cold War era from 1950 to 1973. In four campaigns you take control of the military forces of eight different nations (United States, Israel, Egypt, North Korea, Great Britain, Syria, USSR and China). Some of the campaigns are non-linear which means that success or failure in some missions results in a different starting point and strength of military forces in the following

title: Cold War (1979–1985)

text: USSR and is regarded by many historians to be the closest the world came to nuclear war since the Cuban missile crisis in 1962. This period of the Cold War would continue through U.S. President Reagan's first term (1981–1985), through the death of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev in 1982, the brief interim period of Soviet leadership consisting of Yuri Andropov (1982–1984) and Konstantin Chernenko (1984–1985). This phase in the Cold War concluded in 1985 with the ascension of reform-minded Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev who brought a commitment to reduce tensions between the East and the West and bring about major

title: Historiography of the Cold War

text: in Eastern Europe in the postwar period was responsible for starting of the Cold War. Apart from this, he also argued that Franklin D. Roosevelt's policies towards Stalin and his "surrender" to Stalin's demands in the Yalta Conference paved the way for Soviet aggression and destabilized balance of power in Europe in Soviet favor. The interpretation has been described as the "official" United States version of Cold War history. Although it lost its dominance as a mode of historical thought in academic discussions in 1960s, it continues to be influential. United States involvement in Vietnam in the 1960s disillusioned New

title: European Youth Campaign

text: this time. The EYC was the doctoral thesis of Christina Norwig, who reports that "More than 15 European countries were involved in the EYC, each in a different way and with changing intensity. Germany, France and Italy were without a doubt the more active countries, but also the Benelux countries played their part... Many active personalities thought that the countries in Eastern Europe could still be converted to Democracy and that they belonged certainly to Europe. But the Cold War played in fact an important role in the European integration process, also on a local level... The international Youth Festival

title: Cold War (1953–1962)

text: before a scheduled East-West Summit in Paris, the incident caused a collapse in the talks and a marked deterioration in relations. As the Cold War became an accepted element of the international system, the battlegrounds of the earlier period began to stabilize. A "de facto" buffer zone between the two camps was set up in Central Europe. In the south, Yugoslavia became heavily allied to the other European communist states. Meanwhile, Austria had become neutral. Following large numbers of East Germans traveling west through the only "loophole" left in the Eastern Bloc emigration restrictions, the Berlin sector border, the East

title: Cold War International History Project

text: new information and perspectives from previously inaccessible sources from the former Communist world on the history of the Cold War. It also seeks to transcend barriers of language, geography, and regional specialization to create new links among scholars interested in Cold War history. The Project also promotes publications pertaining to findings, views, and activities related to the Cold War; houses the Virtual Archive, the largest collection of translated, archival documents from the former communist bloc, and hosts international scholarly meetings, conferences, and seminars. The Project is funded by grants from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Henry

title: Shen Zhihua

text: articles and eight monographs, edited five books, and was the chief editor of pioneering documentary collections on Soviet foreign policy and the Korean War. Andrew Nathan of Columbia University said Shen is "highly regarded" in China for "nuanced histories of key episodes in the Cold War," which form "a solid contribution to the field of Cold War international history" and that his work belongs to "a wave of independent Chinese scholarship that demystifies China's role in the conflict by showing the country to be a self-interested state like any other." In March 2017, Shen gave a lecture suggesting that China's

title: Hegemony

text: a global hegemonic power. After the Second World War, the United Nations was established and the five strongest global powers (China, France, the UK, the US, and the USSR) were given permanent seats on the U.N. Security Council, the organization's most powerful decision making body. Following the war, the US and the USSR were the two strongest global powers and this created a bi-polar power dynamic in international affairs, commonly referred to as the Cold War. The hegemonic conflict was ideological, between communism and capitalism, as well as geopolitical, between the Warsaw Pact countries (1955–1991) and NATO/SEATO/CENTO countries (1949–present). During

title: Sphere of influence

text: it turned out that the Soviets and the Western Allies had very different ideas concerning the administration and future development of the liberated regions and of Germany itself. During the Cold War the Baltic states, Central Europe, some countries in Eastern Europe, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, North Korea, and, until the Sino-Soviet split and Tito-Stalin split, the People's Republic of China and the People's Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, among other countries at various times, were said to lie under the Soviet sphere of influence. Western Europe, Oceania, Japan, and South Korea, among other places, were often said to lie under the

title: Cold War

title: Cold War

long_answer: The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others). Historians do not fully agree on the dates, but a common timeframe is the period between 1947, the year the Truman Doctrine, a U.S. foreign policy pledging to aid nations threatened by Soviet expansionism, was announced, and either 1989, when communism fell in Eastern Europe, or 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed. The term "cold" is used because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two sides, but they each supported major regional wars known as proxy wars.

short_answers:
the Soviet Union
the United States


question: what is the main use of the eiffel tower in modern times

answers: visited paid monument

answers: paid monument

title: Eiffel Tower in popular culture

text: a symbol of the real or threatened destruction of the city, or the world. In others, the tower is used as an embodiment of Paris, the symbol of the city, to set the scene for a film or other work centered on the city. In yet others, as a symbol of the city in a more peripheral way. Other uses, to establish the tower simply as a well known visual element. Eiffel Tower in popular culture The Eiffel Tower has appeared frequently in works of fiction because of its iconic nature. Movie critic Roger Ebert has noted in his online

title: Eiffel Tower

text: Parisian window always includes the tower. In reality, since zoning restrictions limit the height of most buildings in Paris to seven storeys, only a small number of tall buildings have a clear view of the tower. Maintenance of the tower includes applying 60 tons of paint every seven years to prevent it from rusting. The tower has been completely repainted at least 19 times since it was built. Lead paint was still being used as recently as 2001 when the practice was stopped out of concern for the environment. The nearest Paris Métro station is Bir-Hakeim and the nearest RER

title: Eiffel Tower in popular culture

text: Eiffel Tower in popular culture The Eiffel Tower has appeared frequently in works of fiction because of its iconic nature. Movie critic Roger Ebert has noted in his online column that no matter where in Paris a film scene is set the Eiffel Tower will be visible in the background. In some cases the tower is the key plot element or a significant plot element. In a notable subtype, the action of all or part of the work centers around the real or threatened destruction of the tower. In another notable sub-type, the tower and its destruction is used as

title: Eiffel Tower

text: men led by Lucien Sarniguet, who had lowered the Tricolour on 13 June 1940 when Paris fell to the Germans. A fire started in the television transmitter on 3 January 1956, damaging the top of the tower. Repairs took a year, and in 1957, the present radio aerial was added to the top. In 1964, the Eiffel Tower was officially declared to be a historical monument by the Minister of Cultural Affairs, André Malraux. A year later, an additional lift system was installed in the north pillar. According to interviews, in 1967, Montreal Mayor Jean Drapeau negotiated a secret agreement

title: Eiffel Tower

text: football tournament in Paris in June. The apartment has a kitchen, two bedrooms, a lounge, and views of Paris landmarks including the Seine, the Sacre Coeur, and the Arc de Triomphe. The arrangement of the lifts has been changed several times during the tower's history. Given the elasticity of the cables and the time taken to align the cars with the landings, each lift, in normal service, takes an average of 8 minutes and 50 seconds to do the round trip, spending an average of 1 minute and 15 seconds at each level. The average journey time between levels is

title: Eiffel Tower

text: be used to restrict the publication of tourist photographs of the tower at night, as well as hindering non-profit and semi-commercial publication of images of the illuminated tower. French doctrine and jurisprudence allows pictures incorporating a copyrighted work as long as their presence is incidental or accessory to the subject being represented, a reasoning akin to the "de minimis" rule. Therefore, SETE may be unable to claim copyright on photographs of Paris which happen to include the lit tower. The Eiffel Tower was the world's tallest structure when completed in 1889, a distinction it retained until 1929 when the Chrysler

title: Eiffel Tower

text: Building in New York City was topped out. The tower has lost its standing both as the world's tallest structure and the world's tallest lattice tower but retains its status as the tallest freestanding (non-guyed) structure in France. Notes Bibliography Eiffel Tower The Eiffel Tower ( ; ) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. Constructed from 1887–1889 as the entrance to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for

title: Eiffel Tower

text: signs for Citroën adorned three of the tower's sides, making it the tallest advertising space in the world at the time. In April 1935, the tower was used to make experimental low-resolution television transmissions, using a shortwave transmitter of 200 watts power. On 17 November, an improved 180-line transmitter was installed. On two separate but related occasions in 1925, the con artist Victor Lustig "sold" the tower for scrap metal. A year later, in February 1926, pilot Leon Collet was killed trying to fly under the tower. His aircraft became entangled in an aerial belonging to a wireless station. A

title: Eiffel Tower

text: added a further 5.3 m (17.4 ft), giving the current height of 324 m (1,063 ft). Analogue television signals from the Eiffel Tower ceased on 8 March 2011. The tower and its image have long been in the public domain. In June 1990 a French court ruled that a special lighting display on the tower in 1989 to mark the tower's 100th anniversary was an "original visual creation" protected by copyright. The Court of Cassation, France's judicial court of last resort, upheld the ruling in March 1992. The (SETE) now considers any illumination of the tower to be a separate

title: Eiffel Tower

text: In 1909, a permanent underground radio centre was built near the south pillar, which still exists today. On 20 November 1913, the Paris Observatory, using the Eiffel Tower as an aerial, exchanged wireless signals with the United States Naval Observatory, which used an aerial in Arlington, Virginia. The object of the transmissions was to measure the difference in longitude between Paris and Washington, D.C. Today, radio and digital television signals are transmitted from the Eiffel Tower. A television antenna was first installed on the tower in 1957, increasing its height by 18.7 m (61.4 ft). Work carried out in 2000

title: Eiffel Tower

text: was to be dismantled in 1909, when its ownership would revert to the City of Paris. The City had planned to tear it down (part of the original contest rules for designing a tower was that it should be easy to dismantle) but as the tower proved to be valuable for communication purposes, it was allowed to remain after the expiry of the permit. Eiffel made use of his apartment at the top of the tower to carry out meteorological observations, and also used the tower to perform experiments on the action of air resistance on falling bodies. For the

title: Eiffel Tower

text: Eiffel's safety precautions and the use of movable gangways, guardrails and screens. Equipping the tower with adequate and safe passenger lifts was a major concern of the government commission overseeing the Exposition. Although some visitors could be expected to climb to the first level, or even the second, lifts clearly had to be the main means of ascent. Constructing lifts to reach the first level was relatively straightforward: the legs were wide enough at the bottom and so nearly straight that they could contain a straight track, and a contract was given to the French company Roux, Combaluzier & Lepape

title: Eiffel Tower

text: The tower is tall, about the same height as an 81- building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by . Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest free-standing

title: Eiffel Tower

text: a seasonal ice rink on the first level. A glass floor was installed on the first level during the 2014 refurbishment. The puddled iron (wrought iron) of the Eiffel Tower weighs 7,300 tons, and the addition of lifts, shops and antennae have brought the total weight to approximately 10,100 tons. As a demonstration of the economy of design, if the 7,300 tons of metal in the structure were melted down, it would fill the square base, on each side, to a depth of only assuming the density of the metal to be 7.8 tons per cubic metre. Additionally, a cubic

title: Eiffel Tower

text: structure in France after the Millau Viaduct. The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second levels. The top level's upper platform is above the ground – the highest observation deck accessible to the public in the European Union. Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift to the first and second levels. The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the climb from the first level to the second. Although there is a staircase to the top level, it is usually accessible only by lift.

title: Eiffel Tower

text: the autumn of 1884 under the company name. On 30 March 1885, Eiffel presented his plans to the ; after discussing the technical problems and emphasising the practical uses of the tower, he finished his talk by saying the tower would symbolise, Little progress was made until 1886, when Jules Grévy was re-elected as president of France and Édouard Lockroy was appointed as minister for trade. A budget for the exposition was passed and, on 1 May, Lockroy announced an alteration to the terms of the open competition being held for a centrepiece to the exposition, which effectively made the

title: Tokyo Tower

text: as the Eiffel Tower is often used in popular culture to immediately locate a scene in Paris, France, the Tokyo Tower is often used in the same way for Tokyo. It is used in anime and manga such as "Doraemon", "Tokyo Magnitude 8.0", "Magic Knight Rayearth", "Please Save My Earth", "Cardcaptor Sakura", "Digimon", "Detective Conan", "Sailor Moon", and "Death Note". The tower is also frequently used in the Japanese "kaiju" (giant monster) film genre. It has been the location of numerous battles and visitations by Godzilla, Mothra, Gamera and King Kong ("King Kong Escapes") wherein it is frequently destroyed and

title: Gustave Eiffel

text: bought the rights to the patent on the design which Koechlin, Nougier, and Sauvestre had taken out. The design was exhibited at the Exhibition of Decorative Arts in the autumn of 1884, and on 30 March 1885 Eiffel read a paper on the project to the Société des Ingénieurs Civils. After discussing the technical problems and emphasising the practical uses of the tower, he finished his talk by saying that the tower would symbolise Little happened until the beginning of 1886, but with the re-election of Jules Grévy as President and his appointment of Edouard Lockroy as Minister for Trade

title: Eiffel Tower

text: The design of the Eiffel Tower is attributed to Maurice Koechlin and Émile Nouguier, two senior engineers working for the Compagnie des Établissements Eiffel. It was envisioned after discussion about a suitable centrepiece for the proposed 1889 Exposition Universelle, a world's fair to celebrate the centennial of the French Revolution. Eiffel openly acknowledged that inspiration for a tower came from the Latting Observatory built in New York City in 1853. In May 1884, working at home, Koechlin made a sketch of their idea, described by him as "a great pylon, consisting of four lattice girders standing apart at the base

title: Eiffel Tower (Paris, Texas)

text: one tenth the height of the 1,063-foot original. A shiny red cowboy hat was added to the top of the spindle in 1998. The tower has 27 thirty-watt LED lights which are programmed by color according to season (red and green at Christmas), and used by announcements by expectant couples revealing the sex of their babies, pink (for girls) or blue (for boys). Eiffel Tower (Paris, Texas) Texas's Eiffel Tower is a landmark in the city of Paris, Texas. The tower was constructed in 1993. It is a model of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. This replica was built

title: Eiffel Tower

text: York and then New Orleans. It was rebuilt on the edge of New Orleans' Garden District as a restaurant and later event hall. As one of the most iconic landmarks in the world, the Eiffel Tower has been the inspiration for the creation of many replicas and similar towers. An early example is Blackpool Tower in England. The mayor of Blackpool, Sir John Bickerstaffe, was so impressed on seeing the Eiffel Tower at the 1889 exposition that he commissioned a similar tower to be built in his town. It opened in 1894 and is 158.1 metres (518 ft) tall. Tokyo

title: Eiffel Tower

text: of the tower overwhelming them, and putting the aesthetic argument for the tower: "Do not the laws of natural forces always conform to the secret laws of harmony?" Some of the protesters changed their minds when the tower was built; others remained unconvinced. Guy de Maupassant supposedly ate lunch in the tower's restaurant every day because it was the one place in Paris where the tower was not visible. By 1918, it had become a symbol of Paris and of France after Guillaume Apollinaire wrote a nationalist poem in the shape of the tower (a calligram) to express his feelings

title: France

text: the iconic Eiffel Tower. In the 20th century, French-Swiss architect Le Corbusier designed several buildings in France. More recently, French architects have combined both modern and old architectural styles. The Louvre Pyramid is an example of modern architecture added to an older building. The most difficult buildings to integrate within French cities are skyscrapers, as they are visible from afar. For instance, in Paris, since 1977, new buildings had to be under 37 meters (121 feet). France's largest financial district is La Defense, where a significant number of skyscrapers are located. Other massive buildings that are a challenge to integrate

title: Gustave Eiffel

text: made to enable precise adjustments by placing hydraulic jacks in the footings for each of the girders making up the legs. The main structural work was completed at the end of March, and on the 31st Eiffel celebrated this by leading a group of government officials, accompanied by representatives of the press, to the top of the tower. Since the lifts were not yet in operation, the ascent was made by foot, and took over an hour, Eiffel frequently stopping to make explanations of various features. Most of the party chose to stop at the lower levels, but a few,

title: Eiffel Tower

text: 1 minute. The original hydraulic mechanism is on public display in a small museum at the base of the east and west legs. Because the mechanism requires frequent lubrication and maintenance, public access is often restricted. The rope mechanism of the north tower can be seen as visitors exit the lift. Gustave Eiffel engraved on the tower the names of 72 French scientists, engineers and mathematicians in recognition of their contributions to the building of the tower. Eiffel chose this "invocation of science" because of his concern over the artists' protest. At the beginning of the 20th century, the engravings

title: Eiffel Tower

text: to explain various features. Most of the party chose to stop at the lower levels, but a few, including the structural engineer, Émile Nouguier, the head of construction, Jean Compagnon, the President of the City Council, and reporters from "Le Figaro" and "Le Monde Illustré", completed the ascent. At 2:35 pm, Eiffel hoisted a large Tricolour to the accompaniment of a 25-gun salute fired at the first level. There was still work to be done, particularly on the lifts and facilities, and the tower was not opened to the public until nine days after the opening of the exposition on

title: Eiffel Tower

text: on the National Geographic Channel speculated that a full-size replica of the tower would cost approximately US$480 million to build. Ironically, if accurate, that means that the replica would cost more than ten times that of the original (with the original costing nearly 8 million in 1890 Francs; ~US$40 million in 2018 dollars). The tower has been used for making radio transmissions since the beginning of the 20th century. Until the 1950s, sets of aerial wires ran from the cupola to anchors on the Avenue de Suffren and Champ de Mars. These were connected to longwave transmitters in small bunkers.

title: Eiffel Tower

text: box surrounding the tower (324 m x 125 m x 125 m) would contain tons of air, weighing almost as much as the iron itself. Depending on the ambient temperature, the top of the tower may shift away from the sun by up to due to thermal expansion of the metal on the side facing the sun. When it was built, many were shocked by the tower's daring form. Eiffel was accused of trying to create something artistic with no regard to the principles of engineering. However, Eiffel and his team – experienced bridge builders – understood the importance of

title: Eiffel Tower

text: with Charles de Gaulle for the tower to be dismantled and temporarily relocated to Montreal to serve as a landmark and tourist attraction during Expo 67. The plan was allegedly vetoed by the company operating the tower out of fear that the French government could refuse permission for the tower to be restored in its original location. In 1982, the original lifts between the second and third levels were replaced after 97 years in service. These had been closed to the public between November and March because the water in the hydraulic drive tended to freeze. The new cars operate

title: Eiffel Tower

text: More than 250 million people have visited the tower since it was completed in 1889. In 2015, there were 6.91 million visitors. The tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world.  An average of 25,000 people ascend the tower every day which can result in long queues. Tickets can be purchased online to avoid the long queues.

title: Eiffel Tower


question: sweet leavened bread prepared for easter in romania

answers: Kozunak

answers: Cozonac

title: Portuguese sweet bread

text: Portuguese sweet bread Portuguese sweet bread (Portuguese: "pão doce" "sweet bread" or "massa sovada" "kneaded dough") is a bread made with milk, sugar, eggs, yeast, flour and sometimes lemon peel to produce a subtly sweet lightly textured loaf or rolls. A slightly different recipe is made during Easter that is known as "folar" and often contains a hard-boiled egg. Portuguese sweet bread is traditionally made around Christmas, and the Easter version is made around Easter, but it is also available year-round. It is traditionally baked in a stone oven known as a "forno". The bread is usually served simply with

title: Easter bread

text: cylindrical, often baked in bundt-type pan. It frequently contains raisins, succade, or orangeat, and may be iced on top. It is much sweeter than "Paska". "Babka" usually is only made, like "Paska", to celebrate Easter Sunday and the rising of Christ. Romania and Moldova also have a traditional Easter bread called "Pasca" (The term "Pasca" is "Easter" in the Eastern Orthodox faith, similar to "Pâques" in French. It is derived from the Hebrew "pesah".). The Romanian "Pasca" bread is made with cheese (and may also include fruits, nuts, or chocolate for decoration). It is usually found alongside another traditional sweet

title: Paska (bread)

text: Paska (bread) Paska (Russian, Ukrainian: Пáска "Easter", Georgian: პასკა "Easter", ultimately from "Passover") is a Easter bread tradition and particularly spread in countries with predominant Eastern Orthodox religion or cultural connections to the ancient Byzantine Empire. Paska breads are a traditional element in the easter holidays of Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Armenia, Romania, Moldova, Georgia and parts of Bulgaria as well as the Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora. Due to its geographical closeness, it is also widespread in Slovakia. Meanwhile it is also eaten in countries with immigrant populations from Eastern Europe such as the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Easter is

title: Kulich

text: Kulich Kulich (, from Greek κόλλιξ - "kollix", Georgian პასკა - "Paska", ultimately meaning a roll or loaf of bread) is a Russian and Orthodox Easter bread that has its roots in the Byzantine Empire and is a traditional part of countries with Orthodox Christian population. It is eaten in countries like Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Romania, Georgia, Macedonia, Moldova and Serbia. Kulich is a variant of Ukrainian, Russian and Belarus paska Easter breads."￼￼" Traditionally after the Easter service, the kulich, which has been put into a basket and decorated with colorful flowers, is blessed by the priest. Blessed kulich is

title: Tsoureki

text: Tsoureki Tsoureki (), is a sweet holiday bread made with flour, milk, butter and sugar and commonly seasoned with orange zest, mastic resin or "mahlab". One variation commonly called "Easter bread" is made by Greek communities during Easter, not only in Greece, but also in other countries with Greek communities. It is also sometimes called Armenian Easter bread. It is eaten in Europe, Armenia, Turkey, and other Central Asian countries. The Greek word "tsoureki" is borrowed from Turkish "çörek". Some dictionaries claim that this is derived from the Old Turkish root "çevir-" 'turn'; There are different variations of the Greek

title: Russian cuisine

text: diameter. Kulich is a kind of Easter bread that is traditional in the Orthodox Christian faith and is eaten in countries like Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania, Georgia, Macedonia, Moldova and Serbia. Traditionally after the Easter service, the kulich, which has been put into a basket and decorated with colorful flowers, is blessed by the priest. Blessed kulich is eaten before breakfast each day. Any leftover kulich that is not blessed is eaten with Paskha for dessert. Kulich is baked in tall, cylindrical tins (like coffee or fruit juice tins). When cooled, kulich is decorated with white icing (which slightly

title: Cerejais (Alfândega da Fé)

text: of bread, mainly made out of flour, eggs and pork meat, baked for Easter; "Folar doce" - similar to the above but sweet and without meat. Traditionally, godchildren would keep their blessed olive or rosemary bouquet from Palm Sunday ("Domingo de Ramos") to offer it to their godmother on Easter Day, one week later. In exchange, the godmother would offer them a "Folar Doce", ensuring that enough units were baked to satisfy the demand; Note: the "folar da Pascoa" is an Easter dish of different regions across the country however wide variations exist in the way they are prepared. The

title: Ripacandida

text: a rarely practiced custom. The characteristic shape braided bread traditionally prepared for the Passover is called ""rucilatieggh"". Do not know the origin of the custom of the Easter bread, unique among other things, because neighboring countries does not exist. Prepared by the good housewife, was then baked in the houses, each house had its oven. "I rucilatieggh" were prepared from a dough of flour, oil, water, fennel seeds, eggs, salt and baking powder and then polished with egg yolk. The tradition continues in the bakery who prepare for Tuesday and Friday. Traditionally every house had Ripacandida the oven for baking

title: Paska (bread)

text: In Iran and the diaspora, Assyrians will eat a Paska cake on Easter, "Ida Gura". The tall cake is decorated with a cross on top to represent Calvary, the place of Jesus' crucifixion, and surrounded with colored eggs to symbolize the people who visited Jesus during his death and were at his cross. Pască is a traditional Romanian and Moldovan pastry. Pască is composed with eggs, sour cream, fresh cheese like urdă, raisins and sugar, and is especially made for Easter. The word "Pască" come from Latin, "Pascha", meaning "Easter". Paska (bread) Paska (Russian, Ukrainian: Пáска "Easter", Georgian: პასკა "Easter",

title: Paska (bread)

text: called in Russian and Ukranian languages "па́ска" ("páska"/"Paskha"). The word is connected to ancient Greek word "πάσκα" ("páska") and Georgian: "პასკა" ("Easter"), derived from the Orthodox believers in Byzantine Empire. The name is connected to the Jewish holiday of "Pesach." Paska is made with milk, butter, eggs, flour, and sugar, except in Romania, where the recipe most commonly includes sweet cream, cottage cheese, and/or sour cream along with eggs, sugar, raisins, and rum. An egg and water mixture is used as a glaze. The Christian faithful in many Eastern Christian countries eat this bread during Easter. Christian symbolism is associated

title: Tsoureki

text: dough is brushed with egg wash before baking, and sometimes flavored with "mahlep", mastic resin or orange zest. Other flavorings might include almond extract, cinnamon, sultanas or fennel seed. This bread is sometimes called "Armenian Easter bread". Traditional Armenian "cheoreg" omits the dyed Easter eggs and may be made in smaller sizes, dividing the dough into 10 or 12 portions rather than baking as one whole braided loaf. The Turkish language name for this bread is "paskalya çöreği" ("paskalya" is the Turkish word for Easter). Turkish recipes include egg in the dough, rather than pressed into the dough as decoration.

title: Sfințișori

text: Sfințișori Sfințișori ("Little saints") or mucenici moldovenești ("Moldavian martyrs"), are traditional pastries from Romania and Moldova made to commemorate on March 9 (or March 22, as per Julian calendar), the Christian feast of the 40 Martyrs of Sebaste, a traditional holiday in Romania and Moldova. In the historical region of Moldavia, Sfințișori were dough in large shapes of the figure 8, baked, then smeared with honey and walnuts. In the Muntenia and Dobruja regions of Romania, similar traditional pastries are named mucenici. The dough is smaller and boiled in water with sugar, cinnamon and crushed nuts, symbolizing the lake where

title: Bread in Europe

text: frozen dough offering cheaper products. Flatbread is still a very popular bread type. Broa de Avintes, also known as Boroa of Avintes, is a farmhouse bread of Avintes, a parish of Vila Nova de Gaia. It has a long tradition in Portugal and is widely consumed in northern part of the country. Folar is a traditional Portuguese bread served at Easter. The recipe varies from region to region and it may be sweet or salty. Portuguese sweet bread is a bread made with milk, sugar and/or honey, eggs, yeast, flour and sometimes lemon peel to produce a subtly sweet lightly

title: Easter bread

text: a part of a wide social context. It is the most important food in Sardinia, as well as all over Italy and the Mediterranean. "Bread is a nexus of economic, political, aesthetic, social, symbolic, and health concerns". Bread is symbolic for life. A peasant proverb mentions, "Chie hat pane mai non morit — one who has bread never dies". The Easter holiday is one where bread brings itself into the symbolic realm. Bread is significant for religious purposes. Luisa Fois described bread in her life after she was married and for the Easter holiday. The bread was made into a

title: Sfințișori

text: the Martyrs were cast. Sfințișori Sfințișori ("Little saints") or mucenici moldovenești ("Moldavian martyrs"), are traditional pastries from Romania and Moldova made to commemorate on March 9 (or March 22, as per Julian calendar), the Christian feast of the 40 Martyrs of Sebaste, a traditional holiday in Romania and Moldova. In the historical region of Moldavia, Sfințișori were dough in large shapes of the figure 8, baked, then smeared with honey and walnuts. In the Muntenia and Dobruja regions of Romania, similar traditional pastries are named mucenici. The dough is smaller and boiled in water with sugar, cinnamon and crushed nuts,

title: Campanile (cake)

text: has the same meaning). In southern Corsica, in the region around Sartène, it is produced an Easter cake akin to the Campanile and called "Caccaveddu". Its main ingredients are wheat flour, yeast, salt, egg, sugar, shortening ("sdruttu") or olive oil, "aquavita", raisins, boiled eggs and egg yolk. Raisins are soaked in "aquavita", then all the ingredients except the boiled eggs and the yolk are kneaded to form a dough. After leaving the dough to rise, this is shaped as a doughnut, and the boiled eggs, bounded with dough ribbons, are sunken in it. The egg yolk is brushed on the

title: Tsoureki

text: "tsoureki" holiday breads including a round Chrismas loaf with a cross decoration called "Christopsomo", a braided easter bread with whole dyed eggs pressed into the dough called "lampropsomo", and a loaf with a coin hidden inside for good luck called "vasilopita" that is baked for St. Basil's Day (New Year's Day). "Tsoureki" is a Greek holiday bread that is made by Greeks during Easter, not only in Greece, but also in other countries with Greek communities. It is made from a sweet yeast dough of flour, sugar, butter and milk, with dyed red Easter eggs pressed into the dough. The

title: Easter food

text: made with bread dough stuffed with various types of salami and cheese, also used the day after Easter for outdoor lunches. Typical of Easter lunches and dinners is the fellata, a banquet of salami and capocollo and salty ricotta. Typical dishes are also lamb or goat baked with potatoes and peas. Easter cake is the pastiera. In Russia, red eggs, kulich and paskha are Easter traditions. In Serbia, paretak are traditional Easter pastries. In Ukraine, there are several traditional Easter foods including paska (bread) and cheesecake desserts. Other Easter foods and food traditions include: 2.History of Easter, Traditions and Recipes

title: Canestru

text: baked golden brown and baked again in a warm oven (150° to 220°). Canestru Canestru (Corsican; pl. "canestri", from Latin "canistrum", meaning a circular basket) is a Corsican cake generally shaped as a circle, made of brioche dough. The cake is typical of the cuisine of Corsica and originates from the village of Petreto-Bicchisano in Corse-du-Sud. "Canestru" is a traditional Easter cake, and is typically consumed during the traditional Easter Monday picnic (). Its main ingredients are wheat flour, yeast, salt, eggs, shortening ("sdruttu"), white wine, pastis or anise seeds. The dough should rest two hours at room temperature before

title: Easter bread

text: different traditional Russian "Paska" Easter breads. "Kolach" is a traditional Czech bread made at Christmas in the shape of a ring. Usually, three rings are stack on top of each other to represent the Holy Trinity. Ukrainian Easter breads are also called "￼￼Paska￼￼,￼￼￼￼" where often a rich, white bread is served and decorated on the top with symbols, including crosses, flowers, braids, wheat, or other designs representing aspects of Orthodox and Eastern Catholic faith. "Babka" is also a Ukrainian, Polish and Belarusian bread also made at Easter. Rather than being broad and round, like "Paska", "babka" typically is tall and

title: Pogača

text: Pogača Pogača (Bosnian, Croatian, Slovenian, and Serbian), pogace (Romanian), pogácsa (Hungarian), pagáče (Slovak) or pogacha (, Macedonian and Bulgarian: , , ) is a type of bread baked in the ashes of the fireplace, and later on in the oven, similar to focaccia, with which it shares the name (via Byzantine ), found in the cuisines of the Carpathian Basin, the Balkans, and Turkey. It can be leavened or unleavened, but only experienced cooks can make good-quality unleavened pogača, while the pastry with yeast is easier to make. It is generally made from wheat flour, but barley and sometimes rye

title: Cacavellu

text: in warm oven. Cacavellu Cacavellu (Corsican; pl. "cacavelli"; also "caccavellu"; "caccaveddu" in "Suttanacciu" dialect; from Latin "cacabus" ("cooking pot") ) is a Corsican cake generally shaped as a crown, made of yeast dough. It is a typical dessert of the village of Vico. In the cuisine of Corsica exists also a yeast cake called too "caccaveddu", typical of the region around Sartène in southern Corsica: it is akin to the "Campanile" cake and like that is also traditionally prepared for Easter. Its main ingredients are wheat flour, yeast, salt, egg, sugar, shortening ("sdruttu"), "aquavita", brocciu, grated orange zest and olive

title: Lazarakia

text: Lazarakia Lazarákia ("Little Lazaruses") are small, sweet spice breads made in Greece and Cyprus by Orthodox Christians on Lazarus Saturday, the Saturday that begins Holy Week. They are eaten to celebrate the miracle of Jesus raising Lazarus from the dead. They are shaped like a man wrapped in a shroud, supposedly Saint Lazarus of Bethany, with cloves for eyes. They contain several sweet spices and are a fasting Lenten food, meaning that they do not contain any dairy products or eggs. For that reason, unlike the tsourekia, they are brushed with olive oil instead of egg or butter for a

title: Cougnou

text: Cougnou The cougnou or bread of Jesus is a bread baked during Christmas time and is typical of the southern Low Countries. It has various names according to the location: The bread of Jesus is a sweet bread formed like a baby Jesus. It is made with flour, eggs, milk, yeast, raisins and sugar. Usually, it is given to children on Christmas and St. Martin's Day and usually enjoyed with a cup of hot chocolate. This bread seems to have originated in ancient Hainaut but the bread of Jesus is now spread throughout the southern Low Countries. It is usually

title: Campanile (cake)

text: dough to make it golden, and the cake is baked in warm oven for 50 m. Campanile (cake) Campanile (Corsican; "u campanile", meaning "the bell tower", pl. "campanili") is a Corsican cake generally shaped as a crown, made of yeast dough. It is a typical dessert of the cuisine of Corsica and is a traditional Easter cake: the boiled eggs in the cake look like little bells inside the bell tower and represent the renewed fertility of the earth after the end of winter, remembering also the tradition to unleash the bells at Easter, after having tethered them at Good

title: Offal

text: then roasted over a coal fire. Another traditional Easter food is "magiritsa", a soup made with lamb offal and lettuce in a white sauce, eaten at midnight on Easter Sunday as an end to the lenten fast. "Tzigerosarmas" (from Turkish "ciğer sarması", meaning "liver wrap") and "gardoumba" are two varieties of "splinantero" and "kokoretsi" made in different sizes and with extra spices. In Turkey, Mumbar, beef or sheep tripe stuffed with rice, is a typical dish in Adana in southern Turkey. Paça soup is made from lamb or sheep feet, except in summer. If lamb or sheep head is added,

title: Easter traditions

text: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia, a basket of food is prepared, covered with a handmade cloth, and brought to the church to be blessed. A typical Easter basket includes bread, colored eggs, ham, horseradish, and a type of nut cake called "potica". In Hungary, Transylvania, Southern Slovakia, Kárpátalja, Northern Serbia - Vojvodina, and other territories with Hungarian-speaking communities, the day following Easter is called "Locsoló Hétfő", "Watering Monday". Men usually visit families with girls and women. Water, perfume or perfumed water is sprinkled on the women and girls of the house by the visiting men, who are given in

title: Folar

text: Folar Folar is a traditional Portuguese bread served at Easter. The recipe varies from region to region and it may be sweet or salty. It is traditional to offer folar to godfathers and priests at Easter, in imitation of the distribution of bread at the Last Supper. Folar is sometimes served with a boiled egg, that symbolically represents rebirth and the Resurrection. Folar de Chaves, popular in the north-eastern Portuguese regions of Chaves and Valpaços, is stuffed with pork, ham, salpicão and linguiça. There are also sweet folars like the folar from Olhão, that consists of seven layers with melted

title: Folklore of Romania

text: year through, and thus doing humans a great service. The Romanian holiday "Paştele Blajinilor" (Easter of Blajini) is a way to repay them for the benefits they bring. Since they live in isolation, they have no way of knowing when Easter comes. It is for this reason that Romanians eat dyed eggs and let the shells flow downstream, from there they believe they will get to the "Apa Sâmbetei", and from there to the Blajini. Blajini are invisible connectors between Inner and Hollow Earth. Blajin also means a dead child who did not receive the benediction of Holy Spirit. The

title: Cozonac

text: Cozonac (Romanian pronunciation: [kozoˈnak]) or Kozunak (Bulgarian: козунак, Bulgarian pronunciation:  [kozuˈnak]), from Greek: ϰοσώνα ('doll', i.e. "doll-shaped sweet bread"), is a traditional Bulgarian and Romanian sweet leavened bread, which is a type of Stollen. It is usually prepared for Easter in Bulgaria, and mostly for every major holiday (Christmas, Easter, New Year's Day, Pentecost) in Romania and Moldova.

title: Cozonac

short_answers: Cozonac Kozunak


question: what is the genus of a bald eagle

answers: Haliaeetus

title: Bald eagle

text: down and snatches from the water with its talons. It builds the largest nest of any North American bird and the largest tree nests ever recorded for any animal species, up to deep, wide, and in weight. Sexual maturity is attained at the age of four to five years. Bald eagles are not actually bald; the name derives from an older meaning of the word, "white headed". The adult is mainly brown with a white head and tail. The sexes are identical in plumage, but females are about 25 percent larger than males. The beak is large and hooked. The

title: Bald eagle

text: plumage of the immature is brown. The bald eagle is both the national bird and national animal of the United States of America. The bald eagle appears on its seal. In the late 20th century it was on the brink of extirpation in the contiguous United States. Populations have since recovered and the species was removed from the U.S. government's list of endangered species on July 12, 1995 and transferred to the list of threatened species. It was removed from the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife in the Lower 48 States on June 28, 2007. The plumage of an

title: Aquila (genus)

text: including "A. fasciata/spilogaster") share two deletions in the (nuclear) LDH gene, as well as similarities in mitochondrial cyt-B gene sequence, though one of these deletions is reverted in "A. chrysaetos". Numerous fossil taxa of eagles have been described. Many have been moved to other genera, but several appear to be correctly assigned to this genus: Whether ""Hieraaetus" edwardsi" (Middle -? Late Miocene of SW Europe) belongs into "Aquila" or the hawk-eagles (if the latter are indeed distinct) is unclear. Its initial name, ""Aquila" minuta" , is preoccupied by a junior synonym of the booted eagle, "A. minuta" . Not placed

title: Bald eagle

text: the mature bird is its black, yellow-tipped beak; the mature eagle has a fully yellow beak. The bald eagle has sometimes been considered the largest true raptor (accipitrid) in North America. The only larger species of raptor-like bird is the California condor ("Gymnogyps californianus"), a New World vulture which today is not generally considered a taxonomic ally of true accipitrids. However, the golden eagle, averaging and in wing chord length in its American race ("A. c. canadensis"), is merely lighter in mean body mass and exceeds the bald eagle in mean wing chord length by around . Additionally, the bald

title: Bald eagle

text: pair with the white-tailed eagle of Eurasia. This species pair consists of a white-headed and a tan-headed species of roughly equal size; the white-tailed eagle also has overall somewhat paler brown body plumage. The two species fill the same ecological niche in their respective ranges. The pair diverged from other sea eagles at the beginning of the Early Miocene (c. 10 Ma BP) at the latest, but possibly as early as the Early/Middle Oligocene, 28 Ma BP, if the most ancient fossil record is correctly assigned to this genus. The bald eagle's natural range covers most of North America, including

title: Eagle

text: Eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, not all of which are closely related. Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just 14 species can be found—2 in North America, 9 in Central and South America, and 3 in Australia. Eagles are large, powerfully built birds of prey, with heavy heads and beaks. Even the smallest eagles, such as the booted eagle ("Aquila pennata"), which is comparable in size to a common buzzard ("Buteo buteo") or

title: Aquila (genus)

text: Aquila (genus) Aquila is the genus of true eagles. The genus name is Latin for "eagle", possibly derived from "aquilus", "dark in colour". It is often united with the buteos, sea eagles, and other more heavyset Accipitridae, but more recently they appear to be less distinct from the more slender accipitrine hawks than previously believed. Eagles are not a natural group, but denote essentially any bird of prey large enough to hunt sizeable (about 50 cm long or more overall) vertebrate prey. "Aquila" belongs to a close-knit group of "typical" eagles including genera "Hieraaetus", "Lophaetus", "Ictinaetus", "Clanga", and the extinct

title: Bald eagle

text: water with a circumference greater than , and lakes with an area greater than are optimal for breeding bald eagles. The bald eagle typically requires old-growth and mature stands of coniferous or hardwood trees for perching, roosting, and nesting. Tree species reportedly is less important to the eagle pair than the tree's height, composition and location. Perhaps of paramount importance for this species is an abundance of comparatively large trees surrounding the body of water. Selected trees must have good visibility, be over tall, an open structure, and proximity to prey. If nesting trees are in standing water such as

title: Bald eagle

text: adult bald eagle is evenly dark brown with a white head and tail. The tail is moderately long and slightly wedge-shaped. Males and females are identical in plumage coloration, but sexual dimorphism is evident in the species, in that females are 25% larger than males. The beak, feet and irises are bright yellow. The legs are feather-free, and the toes are short and powerful with large talons. The highly developed talon of the hind toe is used to pierce the vital areas of prey while it is held immobile by the front toes. The beak is large and hooked, with

title: Golden eagle

text: new genus "Aquila" by French ornithologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760. "Aquila" is Latin for "eagle", possibly derived from "aquilus", "dark in colour" and "chrysaetos" is Ancient Greek for the golden eagle from "khrusos", "gold" and "aetos", "eagle". The golden eagle is part of a broad group of raptors called “booted eagles” which are defined by the feature that all species have feathering over their tarsus, unlike many other accipitrids which have bare legs. Included in this group are all species described as “hawk eagles” including the genera "Spizaetus" and "Nisaetus", as well as assorted monotypical genera such as "Oroaetus",

title: Aquila (genus)

text: in "Aquila" anymore are: ""Aquila" danana" (Snake Creek Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Loup Fork, USA), occasionally placed in "Geranoaetus" or "Buteo", was a bird of prey of unclear relationships. For paleosubspecies of living "Aquila", see the species accounts. Aquila (genus) Aquila is the genus of true eagles. The genus name is Latin for "eagle", possibly derived from "aquilus", "dark in colour". It is often united with the buteos, sea eagles, and other more heavyset Accipitridae, but more recently they appear to be less distinct from the more slender accipitrine hawks than previously believed. Eagles are not a natural group, but

title: Eagle

text: new research into eagle taxonomy suggests that the important genera "Aquila" and "Hieraaetus" are not composed of nearest relatives, and it is likely that a reclassification of these genera will soon take place, with some species being moved to "Lophaetus" or "Ictinaetus". Family Accipitridae The modern English term for the bird is derived from by way of . The origin of is unknown, but it is believed to possibly derive from either (meaning dark-colored, swarthy, or blackish) as a reference to the plumage of eagles or from (meaning north wind). Old English used the term , related to Scandinavia's "ørn/örn".

title: Decorah Bald Eagles

text: their nests, mate and lay eggs, struggle with bad weather and predators, and protect and care for their young. The parents take turns incubating the eggs. Over 280 million people have observed the progress of the eagle family from eggs to fledgling birds. The Decorah Eagles are not given names in order to prevent viewers from regarding them as pets. According to the Raptor Resource Project, "traditional names can create an undue tendency to anthropomorphize. While the human emotion that may be attached to the eaglets is understandable, an alpha-numeric system for referencing them may help us distance ourselves to

title: Bald eagle

text: most of Canada, all of the continental United States, and northern Mexico. It is the only sea eagle endemic to North America. Occupying varied habitats from the bayous of Louisiana to the Sonoran Desert and the eastern deciduous forests of Quebec and New England, northern birds are migratory, while southern birds are resident, remaining on their breeding territory all year. At minimum population, in the 1950s, it was largely restricted to Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, northern and eastern Canada, and Florida. During the interval 1966-2015 bald eagle numbers increased substantially throughout its winter and breeding ranges, and as of 2018

title: Golden eagle

text: separate, close-knit clade, which attained some similar characteristics to the prior clade via convergent evolution. Genetically, the “spotted eagles” ("A. pomarina, hasata & clanga"), have been discovered to be more closely related to the long-crested eagle ("Lophaetus occipitalis") and the black eagle ("Ictinaetus malayensis"), and many generic reassignments have been advocated. The "Hieraaetus" genus, including the booted eagle ("H. pennatus"), little eagle ("H. morphnoides") and Ayres's hawk-eagle ("H. ayresii"), consists of much smaller species, that are in fact smallest birds called eagles outside of the unrelated "Spilornis" serpent-eagle genus. This genus has recently been eliminated by many authorities and is

title: Eagle

text: most often found "displayed", i.e. with their wings and legs extended. They can also occur "close", i.e. with their wings folded, or "rising", i.e. about to take flight. The heads, wings, and legs of eagles can also be found independently. Eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, not all of which are closely related. Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just 14 species can be found—2 in North America, 9 in Central and South America,

title: Bald eagle

text: the species nests in every continental state and province in the United States and Canada. The majority of bald eagles in Canada are found along the British Columbia coast while large populations are found in the forests of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario. Bald eagles also congregate in certain locations in winter. From November until February, one to two thousand birds winter in Squamish, British Columbia, about halfway between Vancouver and Whistler. The birds primarily gather along the Squamish and Cheakamus Rivers, attracted by the salmon spawning in the area. Similar congregations of wintering bald eagles at open lakes and

title: Bald eagle

text: out of branches, usually in large trees found near water. When breeding where there are no trees, the bald eagle will nest on the ground, as has been recorded largely in areas largely isolated from terrestrial predators, such as Amchitka Island in Alaska. In Sonora, Mexico, eagles have been observed nesting on top of Hecho catcuses ("Pachycereus pectinaboriginum"). Nests located on cliffs and rock pinnacles have been reported historically in California, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah, but currently are only verified to occur only in Alaska and Arizona. The eggs average about long, ranging from , and have a

title: Bald eagle

text: for consumption if it is able to carry it away successfully. Unlike some other eagle species, bald eagles rarely take on evasive or dangerous prey on their own. The species mainly target prey which is much smaller than themselves, with most live fish caught weighing and most waterbirds preyed weighing . They obtain much of their food as carrion or via a practice known as kleptoparasitism, by which they steal prey away from other predators. Due to their dietary habits, bald eagles are frequently viewed in a negative light by humans. Thanks to their superior foraging ability and experience, adults

title: Bald eagle

text: However, the two species are roughly equal in size, aggressiveness and physical strength and so competitions can go either way. Neither species is known to be dominant, and the outcome depends on the size and disposition of the individual eagles involved. Wintering bald and golden eagles in Utah both sometimes won conflicts, though in one recorded instance a single bald eagle successfully displaced two consecutive golden eagles from a kill. The bald eagle is thought to be much more numerous in North America than the golden eagle, with the bald species estimated to number at least 150,000 individuals, about twice

title: Spizaetus

text: Spizaetus Spizaetus is the typical hawk-eagle birds of prey genus found in the tropics of the Americas. It was however used to indicate a group of tropical eagles that included species occurring in southern and southeastern Asia and one representative of this genus in the rainforests of West Africa. The Old World species have been separated into the genus "Nisaetus". Several species have a prominent head crest. These are medium to large-sized raptors, most being between 55 and 75 cm (23–30 in) long, and tend to be long-tailed and slender. The American Ornithologists' Union merges "Spizastur" into "Spizaetus" since 2007.

title: Bald eagle

text: the national bird of the United States, is prominent in seals and logos, coinage, postage stamps, and other items relating to the U.S. federal government. The bald eagle is a sacred bird in some North American cultures, and its feathers, like those of the golden eagle, are central to many religious and spiritual customs among Native Americans. Eagles are considered spiritual messengers between gods and humans by some cultures. Many pow wow dancers use the eagle claw as part of their regalia as well. Eagle feathers are often used in traditional ceremonies, particularly in the construction of regalia worn and

title: Bald eagle

text: eagle's close cousins, the relatively longer-winged but shorter-tailed white-tailed eagle and the overall larger Steller's sea eagle ("H. pelagicus"), may, rarely, wander to coastal Alaska from Asia. The bald eagle has a body length of . Typical wingspan is between and mass is normally between . Females are about 25% larger than males, averaging as much as , and against the males' average weight of . The size of the bird varies by location and generally corresponds with Bergmann's rule, since the species increases in size further away from the Equator and the tropics. For example, eagles from South Carolina

title: White-tailed eagle

text: harriers, chanting-goshawks and buteonines. Notably excluded from their relations are most other species referred to as “eagles”, including booted eagles and snake and serpent eagles. The white-tailed eagle itself forms a species pair with the bald eagle. These diverged from other sea eagles at the beginning of the early Miocene (c. 10 mya) at the latest, possibly (if the most ancient fossil record is correctly assigned to this genus) as early as the early or middle Oligocene, about 28 mya. A recent genetic study of mitochondrial DNA is consistent with this idea. Greenlandic white-tailed eagles (proposed as "H. a. groenlandicus")

title: Golden eagle

text: are unlikely to be confused due to differences in size and form. The only species in the "Aquila" genus that exceeds the golden eagle in average wingspan and length is the wedge-tailed eagle of Australasia; however, the wedge-tailed eagle is a slightly less heavy bird. This species was first described by Linnaeus in his 1758 "Systema naturae" as "Falco chrysaetos". Since birds were grouped largely on superficial characteristics at that time, many species were grouped by Linnaeus into the genus "Falco". The type locality was given simply as "Europa"; it was later fixed to Sweden. It was moved to the

title: Booted eagle

text: Booted eagle "Aquila minuta"" redirects here. If based on Brehm (1831), it refers to this bird. The fossil bird described under the same name by Milne-Edwards (1871) is preliminarily known as ""Hieraaetus" edwardsi" but might belong in "Aquila"." The booted eagle ("Hieraaetus pennatus", also classified as "Aquila pennata") is a medium-sized mostly migratory bird of prey with a wide distribution in the Palearctic and southern Asia, wintering in the tropics of Africa and Asia, with a small, disjunct breeding population in south-western Africa. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family "Accipitridae". The booted is a small eagle, comparable to

title: Golden eagle

text: "Lophaetus", "Stephanoaetus", "Polemaetus", "Lophotriorchis" and "Ictinaetus". The "Aquila" genus is distributed across every continent but for South America and Antarctica. Up to 20 species have been classified in the genus, but more recently the taxonomic placement of some of the traditional species has been questioned. Traditionally, the "Aquila" eagles have been grouped superficially as largish, mainly brownish or dark-colored booted eagles that vary little in transition from their juvenile to their adult plumages. Genetic research has recently indicated the golden eagle is included in a clade with Verreaux's eagle in Africa as well as the Gurney's eagle ("A. gurneyi") and

title: Aquilinae

text: a wedge-tailed eagle in wingspan. Dwarfing these species, the booted eagle species Haast's eagle ("Harpagornis moorei") of New Zealand, was probably the most massive species ever known in the entire accipitrid family, with females averaging an estimated and perhaps weighing up to , but went extinct by the 16th century when human colonizers killed off their prey. Beyond their typically large size, Aquilinae species have few outward shared characteristics as they are a fairly diverse subfamily. Nonetheless, every species shares the feature of their legs being covered in feathers. Only two buteonine hawks share this feature beyond the Aquilinae, in

title: Bald eagle

text: Department of Fish and Wildlife counted occupied nests. Further population increases in Washington may be limited by the availability of late winter food, particularly salmon. The bald eagle was officially removed from the U.S. federal government's list of endangered species on July 12, 1995, by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, when it was reclassified from "Endangered" to "Threatened." On July 6, 1999, a proposal was initiated "To Remove the Bald Eagle in the Lower 48 States From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife." It was de-listed on June 28, 2007. It has also been assigned a risk level

title: Bald eagle

text: The bald eagle placed in the genus Haliaeetus (sea eagles) which gets both its common and specific scientific names from the distinctive appearance of the adult's head. Bald in the English name is derived from the word piebald, and refers to the white head and tail feathers and their contrast with the darker body. The scientific name is derived from Haliaeetus, New Latin for "sea eagle" (from the Ancient Greek haliaetos), and leucocephalus, Latinized Ancient Greek for "white head," from λευκος leukos ("white") and κεφαλη kephale ("head").

title: Bald eagle


question: who directed the best years of our lives

answers: William Wyler

title: William Wyler

text: problems of returning veterans in their adjustment back to civilian life. Arguably his most personal film, "Best Years" drew on Wyler's own experience returning home to his family after three years on the front. "The Best Years of Our Lives" won the Academy Award for Best Director (Wyler's second) and Academy Award for Best Picture, as well as seven other Academy Awards. In 1949 Wyler directed "The Heiress", which earned Olivia de Havilland her second Oscar and garnered additional Oscars for Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, and Best Music. The film is considered by some to be a highlight

title: The Best Years (film)

text: The Best Years (film) The Best Years is a 2014 film by Danny Patrick, starring Martin Kemp, Enn Reitel, Matt Healy, Marc Pickering, Jason Gerard and Danny Ogle. Peace is declared in Northern Ireland after thirty years of troubles. The criminal empires that have existed during the troubles can no longer operate and are being shut down. George is released from prison and returns to his old working-class neighbourhood to resume his life and steer clear of trouble which includes his best friend Emmet. Nadine has also come back to Derry after many years away; she is the estranged daughter

title: The Best Years of Our Lives

text: walking among aircraft ruins was filmed at the Ontario Army Air Field in Ontario, California. The former training facility had been converted into a scrap yard, housing nearly 2,000 former combat aircraft in various states of disassembly and reclamation. Upon its release, "The Best Years of Our Lives" received extremely positive reviews from critics. Shortly after its premiere at the Astor Theater, New York, Bosley Crowther, film critic for "The New York Times," hailed the film as a masterpiece. He wrote, Several decades later, film critic David Thomson offered tempered praise: "I would concede that "Best Years" is decent and

title: The Best Years of Our Lives

text: humane... acutely observed, despite being so meticulous a package. It would have taken uncommon genius and daring at that time to sneak a view of an untidy or unresolved America past Goldwyn or the public." "The Best Years of Our Lives" has a 98% "Fresh" rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 37 reviews. Chicago Sun Times film critic Roger Ebert put the film on his "Great Movies" list in 2007, calling it "...modern, lean, and honest." "The Best Years of Our Lives" was a massive commercial success, earning an estimated $11.5 million at the North American box office during its

title: The Best of Me (film)

text: The Best of Me (film) The Best of Me is a 2014 American romantic drama film directed by Michael Hoffman and written by Will Fetters and J. Mills Goodloe, based on Nicholas Sparks' 2011 novel of the same name. The film stars James Marsden and Michelle Monaghan with Luke Bracey and Liana Liberato. Alternating between scenes of their relationship in 1992 with their current lives separately, the film shows the story of Dawson and Amanda, who after 21 years without seeing each other are reunited after the death of a friend in common. Despite their attempts, they are still attracted

title: The Best Two Years

text: The Best Two Years The Best Two Years is a 2003 dramedy film written and directed by Scott S. Anderson. It is based on the stage play "The Best Two Years of My Life", also by Anderson. It portrays the experience of four LDS missionaries living in an apartment in the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands. The stage play had one setting, the apartment of the missionaries. The movie does expand upon the play's setting, with some filming taking place in the Netherlands, but much of the movie still takes place in the apartment. The writer, Scott Anderson, and

title: The Best Years of Our Lives

text: II, "The Best Years of Our Lives" began filming just over seven months after the war's end, starting on April 15, 1946 at a variety of locations, including the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden, Ontario International Airport in Ontario, California, Raleigh Studios in Hollywood, and the Samuel Goldwyn/Warner Hollywood Studios. In "The Best Years of Our Lives" cinematographer Gregg Toland used deep focus photography, in which objects both close to and distant from the camera are in sharp focus. For the passage of Fred Derry's reliving a combat mission while sitting in the remains of a former bomber,

title: It's a Wonderful Life

text: II lives, won most of the awards that year, including four of the five for which "It's a Wonderful Life" was nominated. (The award for "Best Sound Recording" was won by "The Jolson Story".) "The Best Years of Our Lives" was also an outstanding commercial success, ultimately becoming the highest-grossing film of the decade, in contrast to the more modest initial box office returns of "It's a Wonderful Life". "It's a Wonderful Life" received a Golden Globe Award: Capra won the "Best Motion Picture Director" award from the Golden Globes, and a "CEC Award" from the Cinema Writers Circle in

title: The Best Years of Our Lives

text: posttraumatic stress disorder and sought out Harold Russell, a non-actor to take on the exacting role of Homer Parrish. For "The Best Years of Our Lives", he asked the principal actors to purchase their own clothes, in order to connect with daily life and produce an authentic feeling. Other Wyler touches included constructing life-size sets, which went against the standard larger sets that were more suited to camera positions. The impact for the audience was immediate, as each scene played out in a realistic, natural way. Recounting the interrelated story of three veterans right after the end of World War

title: Best Years of Our Lives (song)

text: Best Years of Our Lives (song) "Best Years of Our Lives" is a song recorded by English band Modern Romance. It was released in October 1982 as a 7-inch single and 12-inch single by WEA. A Japanese and German edition was also released. The 7-inch single was available in two versions: A limited edition "Xmas Party Mix" remix of the song became available as a 7-inch single over Christmas 1982, which received substantial radio airplay in place of the original version over Christmas 1982. "Best Years of Our Lives" was the biggest selling single for Modern Romance. It was the

title: The Best Years of Our Lives

text: Best Years of Our Lives" received nine Academy Awards. Fredric March won his second Best Actor award (also having won in 1932 for "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde"). Despite his Oscar-nominated performance, Harold Russell was not a professional actor. As the Academy Board of Governors considered him a long shot to win, they gave him an honorary award "for bringing hope and courage to his fellow veterans through his appearance." When Russell in fact won Best Supporting Actor, there was an enthusiastic response. He is the only actor to have received two Academy Awards for the same performance. In 1992,

title: The Best Years

text: The Best Years The Best Years is a Canadian teen drama television series created by producer and writer of "", Aaron Martin. The first season aired on Global in Canada and on The N in the United States. The second season was shown in the United States on The N and in Canada on E!, CanWest's secondary network. The show revolves around Samantha Best (Charity Shea), who receives a scholarship to attend Charles University, a fictional Ivy League school in Boston, Massachusetts, despite bouncing between foster homes for ten years. The storyline follows Samantha Best, who grew up in foster

title: The Best Years (film)

text: of the resident crime boss Simon McKnight and also George's first love. When Emmet finds a bag of money belonging to a ruthless loyalist hit-man Giggles, George is compelled to help him one last time to return it. This step is too far and they are forced to enlist the help of a gang from the other side of the community. The Best Years (film) The Best Years is a 2014 film by Danny Patrick, starring Martin Kemp, Enn Reitel, Matt Healy, Marc Pickering, Jason Gerard and Danny Ogle. Peace is declared in Northern Ireland after thirty years of troubles.

title: Larry Auerbach

text: of Life" was part of the early careers of actors Frances Sternhagen, Paul Michael Glaser, Christopher Reeve, Roy Scheider, Bonnie Bedelia, Jessica Walter, Nancy Marchand, Ray Wise, Jonathan Frakes, Warren Beatty and Peter Falk. "Love of Life" ran for 28 years, with Auerbach at the helm for most of the episodes and still directing when the show ended in 1980 (at the time, it was the second-longest running show on television). The series concluded with Auerbach walking from empty set to empty set, turning off the lights, accompanied by Tony Bennett's song, "We'll Be Together Again". From there, Auerbach went

title: James Best

text: celebration of lifelong friend and fellow actor Norman Lloyd. Best said, "I had the honor to have been directed by Norman in a Hitchcock episode called "The Jar." Having worked with hundreds of directors in my career, I found very few that had Norman's qualities. He was most kind, gracious and patient with his actors. He is in all respects a complete gentleman in his personal life and I found it a genuine pleasure just to be in the presence of such a talented man. I am also doubly honored to consider him my friend. We are so blessed to

text: The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song) "The Best Years of Our Lives" is a song by the British rock band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, released in 1975 as the title track from the band's third studio album "The Best Years of Our Lives". In 1977, a live version of the song was released as a single from the album "". Following the split of the original Cockney Rebel line-up in July 1974, Harley assembled a new line-up later in the year and renamed the band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel. In November-December 1974,

title: Marjorie Best

text: on the Errol Flynn film "Adventures of Don Juan". She was nominated in 1956 for "Giant", in 1960 for "Sunrise at Campobello", and in 1965 for "The Greatest Story Ever Told", the same year she retired. Best died on June 14, 1997 in Toluca Lake, California of a heart ailment. Marjorie Best Marjorie Best (10 April 1903 – 14 June 1997) was an American Hollywood costume designer known for her period designs. Best was born in Jacksonville, Illinois and studied at the Chouinard Art Institute. She taught school briefly before going to work for the Western Costume Company in 1926.

title: Best Years of Our Lives (song)

text: first single to feature Michael J. Mullins as lead vocalist and peaked at number 4 on the UK chart in late 1982. The single can be found on Modern Romance's two hit albums, "Trick of the Light" (1983) and "Party Tonight" (1983). It also made an appearance on their farewell single, "Best Mix of Our Lives" (1985) with four other singles: "High Life (1983 song)", "Don't Stop That Crazy Rhythm", "Everybody Salsa", and "Ay Ay Ay Ay Moosey". It served as a 7-inch single [re-mix] on the B-side of "Best Mix of Our Lives" and as a 12-inch single [re-mix]

text: the same name. On the tour, the MonaLisa Twins were part of the backing band. For their version of "The Best Years of Our Lives", the MonaLisa Twins revealed: The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song) "The Best Years of Our Lives" is a song by the British rock band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, released in 1975 as the title track from the band's third studio album "The Best Years of Our Lives". In 1977, a live version of the song was released as a single from the album "". Following the split of

title: Samuel Goldwyn

text: Our Lives" (1946). Leading actors in several of Goldwyn films, especially those directed by Wyler, were also Oscar-nominated for their performances. Throughout the 1930s, he released all his films through United Artists, but beginning in 1941, and continuing almost through the end of his career, Goldwyn released his films through RKO Radio Pictures. In 1946, the year he was honored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences with the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, Goldwyn's drama, "The Best Years of Our Lives", starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Teresa Wright and Dana Andrews, won the Academy Award for Best

title: James Best

text: Hickory, North Carolina. An acting coach, Best taught drama and acting techniques for more than a quarter century in Los Angeles. He also served as artist-in-residence and taught drama at the University of Mississippi (Oxford) for two years prior to his stint on "The Dukes of Hazzard". In 2009, he completed his autobiography "Best In Hollywood: The Good, The Bad and The Beautiful". The book, published in 2009 through Bear Manor Media, premiered at the Mid Atlantic Nostalgia Convention in Aberdeen, Maryland. On November 9, 2014, Best and fellow actor Robert Fuller (along with their wives) attended the 100th birthday

title: Joseph M. Newman

text: was a major in the Signal Corps during World War II. While there he directed the short film "Diary of a Sergeant" (1945) starring Harold Russell which led to Russell's appearance in "The Best Years of Our Lives" (1946). After the war Newman returned to directing shorts at MGM: "The Luckiest Guy in the World" (1947) and "The Amazing Mr. Nordill" (1947). He went back to features with the low budget"Jungle Patrol" (1948) at Fox. He went on to direct "The Great Dan Patch" (1949), the film noir crime dramas "Abandoned" (1949), with Gale Storm, and "711 Ocean Drive", which

title: The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel album)

text: the original second line-up for the tour; Cregan, Elliott and Mackay. The band's bassist George Ford had died in 2007. The tour marked the first time the line-up had played together since 1976. On the tour, the band performed two sets at each show; one featuring a selection of tracks from Harley and the band's career, and the second featured "The Best Years of Our Lives" album in its entirety. Speaking to "Classic Rock" in March 2015, Harley commented: "The three guys are still my mates. The fun we had back then, when we toured and recorded together, holds fabulous

text: band's concerts. In 2014, EMI released a definitive edition of the album as a four CD + DVD box-set. On disc one, a previously unreleased acoustic demo of "The Best Years of Our Lives" was included. In an online diary entry, Harley said of the demo: Upon release, "Record & Popswap Mirror" reviewed "The Best Years of Our Lives" and said: "Each song has a distinct character, culminating in the personal message - the title track." In the liner notes of the 2014 definitive edition, Geoff Barton wrote how the song saw Harley "reprising the hard-bitten troubadour persona he adopted

title: 19th Academy Awards

text: 19th Academy Awards The 19th Academy Awards continued a trend through the late-1940s of the Oscar voters honoring films about contemporary social issues. "The Best Years of Our Lives" concerns the lives of three returning veterans from three branches of military service as they adjust to life on the home front after World War II. The Academy awarded Harold Russell—a World War II veteran who had lost both hands in the war and who, despite not being an actor, portrayed Homer Parrish in "The Best Years of Our Lives"—an Honorary Academy Award for "bringing hope and courage to his fellow

title: Kirk Browning

text: "Hallmark Hall of Fame" productions between 1951 and 1958; "Live from the Met" and "Great Performances" for PBS; and television adaptations of plays such as "June Moon", "Damn Yankees!", "A Touch of the Poet", "The Taming of the Shrew", "The Time of Your Life", "Tartuffe", "Fifth of July", "You Can't Take it with You", "The House of Blue Leaves", "Our Town", and "Death of a Salesman", which earned him a nomination for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing - Television Film. Browning won two Primetime Emmy Awards, one for directing a 1987 special with Plácido Domingo and

title: James Best

text: own acting school (students included Lindsay Wagner, Roger Miller, Glen Campbell, Quentin Tarantino, and Regis Philbin). He was also an animal rights advocate. Best died on April 6, 2015, in Hickory, North Carolina, from complications of pneumonia at the age of 88. Prior to his death, Best's former "Dukes of Hazzard" co-star and long-time friend, John Schneider, said; "I laughed and learned more from Jimmie in one hour, than from anyone else in a whole year." He also added that, when asked to cry for the camera, "(Best) would say, 'sure thing, which eye?' I'm forever thankful to have cut

text: the new band recorded "The Best Years of Our Lives" album at Abbey Road Studios and Air Studios in London. In 2014, Harley recalled of the song's recording: "We played it live in the studio, all sat round together. There were no overdubs, and we all wanted to get the feel of the song on record." When the band performed the song live at the Hammersmith Odeon on 14 April 1975, Harley announced the track as "the most serious song I've ever wrote in my life". Since then, the song has consistently been a popular inclusion at Harley and the

title: Middle School: The Worst Years of My Life (film)

text: Kearin, Tom Kenny, Mike Matzdorf, Michael Rapaport, and Jacob Vargas. On August 4, 2015, it was announced that Steve Carr would direct the film adaptation of James Patterson's 2011 novel "", with a script written by Chris Bowman and Hubbel Palmer. Griffin Gluck would play the lead role, Rafe Khatchadorian, a student at Hills Village Middle School. Leopoldo Gout and Bill Robinson were set to produce the film, along with CBS Films, which handles international sales, with Lionsgate handling distribution. On November 12, 2015, more cast were announced for the film, whose script was also written by Kara Holden; it

title: The Best Years of Our Lives

title: The Best Years of Our Lives

long_answer: The Best Years of Our Lives (aka Glory for Me and Home Again) is a 1946 American drama film directed by William Wyler and starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Dana Andrews, Teresa Wright, Virginia Mayo, and Harold Russell. The film is about three United States servicemen readjusting to civilian life after coming home from World War II. Samuel Goldwyn was inspired to produce a film about veterans after reading an August 7, 1944, article in Time about the difficulties experienced by men returning to civilian life. Goldwyn hired former war correspondent MacKinlay Kantor to write a screenplay. His work was first published as a novella, Glory for Me, which Kantor wrote in blank verse. Robert E. Sherwood then adapted the novella as a screenplay.