question: who sang the song tell me something good

answers: Rufus and Chaka Khan

title: Tell Me Something Good

text: count as there is an off-count into the verse. The first note is on the "and of four." The record was produced by the band with Bob Monaco. Rufus won the Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo, Group or Chorus for the song at the 17th Annual Grammy Awards in 1975. On the title track of Funkadelic's 1975 album Let's Take It to the Stage, the band calls out, "Hey 'Sloofus,' tell me something good," and antagonizes the singer to "take it to the stage, sucker." The song pokes fun at the sudden surge in prevalence

title: Rags to Rufus

text: to sing it in the way he had written it. Khan recorded her Wonder-arranged vocal in one take and the rest of the band recorded their track the next day with Maiden providing the talk box effect on the song's chorus. "Tell Me Something Good" was one of the last songs the group recorded for the album and the album was released in the spring of 1974. On the strength of "Tell Me Something Good" and the Khan-written "You Got the Love" "Rags to Rufus" later sold over a million copies later going platinum. After this release, founding member Al

title: Something Good (album)

text: Something Good (album) Something Good is the debut full-length studio album by the singer songwriter Catherine Porter. Recorded at Battery Studios, Westside Studios & Fort Studios, all in London, the album is mostly composed by Catherine with producer Kevin Melpass, though it also includes several cover versions. It was Catherine's only full-length release before leaving Jive Records, unhappy with the direction they were trying to push her in. "Crazy" had been Catherine's entry into the 2000 competition in the United Kingdom - which she lost to Nikki French. "Talkin' To The Fish" is her 9/11 song, and tells the story

title: Tell Me Something Good

text: has recurring nightmares and thoughts of his parents. BET cable network aired and produced a phone-in game show named after the song (which was also the theme song).Julie Rogers hosted this show which was a short-lived, live call-in game show where home viewers have to answer one question of the day that was followed by panel of three celebrity judges ranking the best responses for a prize. It aired from 1988-89. Many venues in the NBA, NHL, MLB, and NFL play this song when a play is under review by referees or umpires. New York radio station WCBS-FM had a

title: Tell Me Something Good

text: "Tell Me Something Good" is a song by Rufus and Chaka Khan, written by Stevie Wonder and released in 1974.  The single was a hit in the United States, peaking at number three on the Billboard Hot 100 and spent one week at number one on the Cash Box Top 100. It was among the earliest hits to use the guitar talk box, by Tony Maiden.

title: Something Good (Richard Rodgers song)

text: Something Good (Richard Rodgers song) "Something Good" is a song written by Richard Rodgers for the film version of "The Sound of Music". It replaced the original song sung by Maria and Captain Georg von Trapp called "An Ordinary Couple". Since then the song has been used in the various reproduction of the play and most recently the 2013 television special, "The Sound of Music Live!". It was first recorded by Julie Andrews and playback singer Bill Lee (dubbing over the voice of actor Christopher Plummer) for the film's soundtrack and was covered by Carrie Underwood and Stephen Moyer on

title: Something Good (Richard Rodgers song)

text: why some people say they can’t sit through "Sound of Music," and that the song "is actually, well, bad." The song was also used by Elaine Stritch to close her one-woman, Tony Award-winning 2002 Broadway show, "Elaine Stritch at Liberty." Something Good (Richard Rodgers song) "Something Good" is a song written by Richard Rodgers for the film version of "The Sound of Music". It replaced the original song sung by Maria and Captain Georg von Trapp called "An Ordinary Couple". Since then the song has been used in the various reproduction of the play and most recently the 2013 television

title: The Next: Fame Is at Your Doorstep

text: Ne-Yo song, and he even got the girls in the audience screaming. Before the winner was announced, some bloopers were shown from the previous few weeks, and the seven contestants came back on stage together to sing Good Life. The mentors also showed off their talent by singing Tell Me Something Good. After the votes were counted, the winner of "The Next" was Michael Ray. Michael will be getting that record contract with Atlantic Records. Cricket Wireless is the main presenter of the music competition. "The Next" interacts with Cricket smartphones, using Muve Music and prepares them for the competition

text: UK. British recording artist Emma Bunton covered the song for her third studio album "Life in Mono". Something Tells Me (Something's Gonna Happen Tonight) '"Something Tells Me (Something's Gonna Happen Tonight)" is a song by English recording artist Cilla Black, released in 1971. Written by songwriters Roger Greenaway and Roger Cook, "Something Tells Me (Something's Gonna Happen Tonight)" was released on 5 November 1971 and became a major success for Black, reaching number 3 in both the UK and Ireland during the Christmas period of 1971. The single was produced by George Martin, who had previously produced her UK number

text: her. The video was directed by Elliott Lester. Tell Me Something I Don't Know (Selena Gomez song) "Tell Me Something I Don't Know" is the first song performed by Selena Gomez. The song was released as the lead single from "Another Cinderella Story" soundtrack on August 5, 2008. A Radio Disney version (which removes the Hurricane Katrina reference) was featured on "Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 11" and the cover version on "Kidz Bop 15". A remix version was featured in two Gomez's albums "Kiss & Tell" with her band The Scene and the compilation album "For You". The song peaked

text: Tell Me Something I Don't Know (Selena Gomez song) "Tell Me Something I Don't Know" is the first song performed by Selena Gomez. The song was released as the lead single from "Another Cinderella Story" soundtrack on August 5, 2008. A Radio Disney version (which removes the Hurricane Katrina reference) was featured on "Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 11" and the cover version on "Kidz Bop 15". A remix version was featured in two Gomez's albums "Kiss & Tell" with her band The Scene and the compilation album "For You". The song peaked at number 58 on the US "Billboard" Hot

title: Santa Tell Me

text: Ariana used the hashtag #10DaysTilSantaTellMe on Twitter to initiate the 10-day countdown of the song's release. She also performed the song for the first time on November 18, 2014 at the 2014 "A Very Grammy Christmas" concert in the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, CA. On November 18, Republic Records released the cover art of the song, which depicts a simple light pink background with "Santa Tell Me" written in the middle in golden script. On November 21, Republic Records also released a 15-second snippet of "Santa Tell Me" through their Instagram page; the preview contained part of the chorus.

title: Something Good (album)

text: of a doomed employee in the World Trade Center wishing anything to swap places with the hapless fish in the office tank, just to escape the knowledge of what was about to happen to them. One single was released from the album - She's So Cool. Neither the single or the album were promoted, and despite strong interest from BBC Radio 2, both failed to chart. <br> Something Good (album) Something Good is the debut full-length studio album by the singer songwriter Catherine Porter. Recorded at Battery Studios, Westside Studios & Fort Studios, all in London, the album is mostly

text: Tell Me, Tell Me! (Dorothy Little Happy song) ""Tell me tell me!!"" is a single by Japanese pop idol group Dorothy Little Happy. It is tenth official single by the group and the first song used in an Anime series. It was scheduled to be released on May 20, 2015 in three editions, two limited and one regular. "Tell me tell me!!" is used as the first ending song of the anime series "". Being the group's first single in 2015, the song was first hinted during the Dorothy Little Happy 5th Anniversary Year Live 2015 at the Zepp Blue

title: Rags to Rufus

text: Rags to Rufus Rags To Rufus is the gold-selling second studio album by funk band Rufus, released on the ABC Records label in 1974. It reached #4 on both the Pop and Black Albums charts. It is notable for the hit singles "Tell Me Something Good" (US Pop #3, US R&B #3), written by Stevie Wonder, and "You Got the Love" (US Pop #11, US R&B #1), written by lead vocalist Chaka Khan and Ray Parker, Jr.. In 1975 "Tell Me Something Good" earned the band its first Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with

title: Tell Me Something Good

text: of funk songs. Ray Romano's character sings a variation of the song while eating his wife's "braciole" in the "Everybody Loves Raymond" episode, "Debra Makes Something Good." On "Will & Grace", Karen tells Jack that this is the song to which she and Stan make love. She then walks in on her husband cheating on her with the same song playing. Closed captioning for that episode incorrectly credits the song to Sly and the Family Stone. In "That '70s Show", in the episode "Water Tower", Eric walks in on his parents having sex, and the song plays every time he

title: Santa Tell Me

text: special which aired on Christmas Day. Santa Tell Me "Santa Tell Me" is a song recorded by American singer Ariana Grande. It was written by Grande, Ilya Salmanzadeh and Savan Kotecha. The song was released worldwide on November 24, 2014, via iTunes, and was included in the Japanese exclusive reissue of Grande's EP "Christmas Kisses". Musically, "Santa Tell Me" is a Christmas song with R&B influences. Commercially, "Santa Tell Me" entered the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and later peaked at number 42 while also entering the record charts of several other nations, including Japan, South Korea, Australia and various European

text: Something Tells Me (Something's Gonna Happen Tonight) '"Something Tells Me (Something's Gonna Happen Tonight)" is a song by English recording artist Cilla Black, released in 1971. Written by songwriters Roger Greenaway and Roger Cook, "Something Tells Me (Something's Gonna Happen Tonight)" was released on 5 November 1971 and became a major success for Black, reaching number 3 in both the UK and Ireland during the Christmas period of 1971. The single was produced by George Martin, who had previously produced her UK number 1 single "You're My World". The song was originally written in the key of G major and

title: Tell Me Something Bad About Tulsa

text: number 11 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in July 2003. "Tell Me Something Bad About Tulsa" debuted at number 48 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of April 12, 2003. Tell Me Something Bad About Tulsa "Tell Me Something Bad About Tulsa" is a song written by Red Lane. It was first recorded by American country music artist Merle Haggard on his 1986 album, "Out Among the Stars". Haggard's son, Noel Haggard, covered the song on his 1997 debut album, "One Lifetime", and released it as his second single. It

title: Chaka Khan

text: written her breakout hit "Tell Me Something Good". On September 27, 2011, the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame committee announced that Khan and her former band Rufus were jointly nominated for induction to the hall. It was the collective's first nomination 13 years after they were first eligible. The group were nominated partly due to Khan's own storied reputation, including her own solo career in conjunction with her years with Rufus. Recently, Khan rerecorded her song, "Super Life", under the title "Super Life: Fear Kills, Love Heals" with Eric Benet, Kelly Price, and Luke James in tribute to Trayvon

title: Somebody's Trying to Tell Me Something

text: Somebody's Trying to Tell Me Something "Somebody's Trying to Tell Me Something" is a song by Midnight Oil drawn from their 1982 studio effort "10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1". The song more or less disappeared after the tour for the album ensued. It was performed on May 18, 2017 at the Vic Theatre in Chicago, IL USA on The Great Circle tour, when the band played "10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1" in full. The song is noteworthy on vinyl versions for its use of the run-out groove. This was one

title: Something Good (alt-J song)

text: a total length of three minutes and forty-two seconds. The video was shot in Los Angeles, CA by Brewer, a directing duo by brothers Alex and Ben Brewer and has earned them the 2013 Young Director Award for "Non-European Music Video". Something Good (alt-J song) "Something Good" is a song by English indie rock quartet alt-J from their debut studio album "An Awesome Wave" (2012). The song was released on 28 September 2012 as the album's fourth single. The song was written by Joe Newman, Gus Unger-Hamilton, Gwilym Sainsbury, Thom Green and produced by Charlie Andrew. The song was featured

title: Something Good (Utah Saints song)

text: Something Good (Utah Saints song) "Something Good" is a song released by Utah Saints in 1992. It was first included as the lead song on a seven-track EP titled "Something Good", then later included on the "Utah Saints" album. "Something Good" contains a vocal sample from Kate Bush's "Cloudbusting" (originally appearing on her 1985 album "Hounds of Love" and was issued as a single in October 1985 and peaked at number 20 in the UK). Issued as a single, the track hit number four in the UK Singles Chart as well as number seven on the U.S. Hot Dance Club

title: Something Good (alt-J song)

text: Something Good (alt-J song) "Something Good" is a song by English indie rock quartet alt-J from their debut studio album "An Awesome Wave" (2012). The song was released on 28 September 2012 as the album's fourth single. The song was written by Joe Newman, Gus Unger-Hamilton, Gwilym Sainsbury, Thom Green and produced by Charlie Andrew. The song was featured in the 2013 version of BBC Two's "Tent" ident. It was also featured in the 2015 video game "Life Is Strange". A music video to accompany the release of "Something Good" was first released on YouTube on 18 September 2012 at

title: Somebody's Trying to Tell Me Something

text: of the few times in popular music overall, certainly in Australian music, that this was done. The final scream of "breaking me down" is held on the run-out groove, so it appears to go on forever. Since this could not be re-created on the CD, the vocal was held for about 40 seconds and faded out. It should also be noted that this use of run-out groove did not appear on all vinyl versions. Somebody's Trying to Tell Me Something "Somebody's Trying to Tell Me Something" is a song by Midnight Oil drawn from their 1982 studio effort "10, 9,

text: Tell Him (Barbra Streisand and Celine Dion song) "Tell Him" is a song by American singer Barbra Streisand and Canadian singer Celine Dion, recorded as a duet for their 1997 albums, "Higher Ground" and "Let's Talk About Love". It was written by Linda Thompson and its producers Walter Afanasieff and David Foster, and released as the lead single from both albums on November 3, 1997. The song received positive reviews from music critics and became a top ten hit in Europe and Australia, and was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 40th Annual

title: Tell Me You Love Me (album)

text: with the message "You know what? I'm good now, and sorry I'm not sorry that you may not be loving where your life is at the moment." The title track is a gospel-influenced song described as a "booming ballad" by Fuse's Jeff Benjamin. It is instrumentally complete with horns, percussive drums, handclaps and wah-wah guitar lines. Lovato explained to "Billboard" that "Tell Me You Love Me" is about "the vulnerability of coming out of a very serious relationship and having a tough time with it," and further commented that lines as "You ain't nobody 'til you got somebody," "calls out

title: Pink (singer)

text: Night Football", "Waiting All Day for Sunday Night", which is a take on "I Hate Myself for Loving You" by Joan Jett. She contributed a cover of Rufus's "Tell Me Something Good" to the soundtrack of the film "Happy Feet", and lent her name to PlayStation to promote the PSP, a special pink edition of which was released. Pink collaborated with several other artists in 2006 and 2007, when she opened for Justin Timberlake on the American leg of his FutureSex/LoveShow Tour. She sang on the Indigo Girls album "Despite Our Differences". She was featured on India.Arie's song "I Am

title: Stevie Wonder Presents: Syreeta

text: have a Billboard top ten single, "Breakin'... There's No Stopping Us", in the same one-year period. The song "Come And Get This Stuff" was originally intended for Rufus, but lead singer Chaka Khan refused to do the song. Instead, Stevie wrote "Tell Me Something Good" for them which appeared on their album "Rags to Rufus". Stevie Wonder Presents: Syreeta Stevie Wonder Presents: Syreeta is the second full-length release by Motown recording artist Syreeta Wright, issued on the Motown label, in June 1974. The album has a rating of 4.5 out of 5 on Allmusic Three artists who performed on this

text: Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison is a collaboration by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison, Georgie Fame, Mose Allison and Ben Sidran, released in 1996. It charted at #1 on the Top Jazz Albums chart. The entire recording for this album was done in a day and all of the performances were live first or second takes. Featuring the songs of Mose Allison, the performers were Allison himself, Georgie Fame, Ben Sidran, and Van Morrison, a longtime admirer of Allison's work. The horns were arranged by Pee Wee Ellis. Morrison

title: Tell Me Something Good


question: french film pioneer who introduced newsreel in 1910

answers: Charles Pathé

title: Pathé News

text: the company, now called Compagnie Générale des Éstablissements Pathé Frère Phonographes & Cinématographes, invented the cinema newsreel with "Pathé-Journal". French Pathé began its newsreel in 1908 and opened a newsreel office in Wardour Street, London in 1910. The newsreels were shown in the cinema and were silent until 1928. At first they ran for about four minutes, and were issued biweekly. Even though during the early days the camera shots were taken from a stationary position, the Pathé newsreels captured events such as Franz Reichelt's fatal parachute jump from the Eiffel Tower, and suffragette Emily Davison's fatal injury by a

title: Charles-Émile Reynaud

text: Charles-Émile Reynaud Charles-Émile Reynaud (8 December 1844 – 9 January 1918) was a French inventor, responsible for the praxinoscope (an animation device patented in 1877 that improved on the zoetrope) and the first projected animated films. His "Pantomimes Lumineuses" premiered on 28 October 1892 in Paris. His Théâtre Optique film system, patented in 1888, is also notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. The performances predated Auguste and Louis Lumière's first paid public screening of the cinematographe on 26 December 1895, often seen as the birth of cinema. Charles-Émile Reynaud was born on 8 December 1844

title: Pathé

text: with Méliès soured, and in 1913 Méliès went bankrupt, and his last film was never released by Pathé. Worldwide, the company emphasised research, investing in such experiments as hand-coloured film and the synchronisation of film and gramophone recordings. In 1908, Pathé invented the newsreel that was shown in theatres prior to the feature film. The news clips featured the Pathé logo of a crowing rooster at the beginning of each reel. In 1912, it introduced 28 mm non-flammable film and equipment under the brand name Pathescope. Pathé News produced cinema newsreels from 1910, up until the 1970s when production ceased

title: Charles Delacommune

text: Charles Delacommune Charles Eugène Edouard Delacommune (Paris, 26 February 1895 – Paris, 14 September 1950) was a French inventor and film producer known by his Synchro-Ciné machine of 1921, a pioneer technical dispositive for audiovisual synchronization, by mechanical procedures and still with the performers playing the music in live, in the same room of the cinema . In addition to continuing his inventive work with other devices, he established the film production company Synchro-ciné, producing documentaries using his machinery. Later, this company performed and distributed other kinds of films. Pertaining to a family always related to the techniques and the

title: Newsreel

text: Created in 1911 by Charles Pathé, this form of film was a staple of the typical North American, British, and Commonwealth countries (especially Canada, Australia, and New Zealand), and throughout European cinema programming schedule from the silent era until the 1960s when television news broadcasting completely supplanted its role.  The National Film and Sound Archive in Australia holds the Cinesound Movietone Australian Newsreel Collection, a comprehensive collection of 4,000 newsreel films and documentaries representing news stories covering all major events.

title: Pathé News

text: racehorse at the 1913 Epsom Derby. During the First World War, the cinema newsreels were called the "Pathé Animated Gazettes", and for the first time this provided newspapers with competition. After 1918, British Pathé started producing a series of cinemazines, in which the newsreels were much longer and more comprehensive. By 1930, British Pathé was covering news, entertainment, sport, culture and women’s issues through programmes including the "Pathétone Weekly", the "Pathé Pictorial", the "Gazette" and "Eve’s Film Review". In 1927, the company sold British Pathé (both the feature film and the newsreel divisions) to First National. (French Pathé News continued

title: Alexandre Promio

text: Alexandre Promio Jean "Alexandre" Louis Promio (9 July 1868 – 24 December 1926) was a French film photographer and director. He is mentioned as a pioneer in film and was the director for Sweden's first Newsreel. The newsreel was shown for King Oscar II:s arrival at the General Art and Industrial Exposition on 15 May 1897. Alexandre Promio came from an Italian family that moved to France and resided in Lyon. During his time as an assistant to an optician in Lyon, he witnessed the first presentation of the medium of moving pictures cinematograph. Promio was interested in the art

title: Birt Acres

text: first daylight loading home movie camera and projector, "Birtac", was the first travelling newsreel reporter in international film history and the first European film maker who had his films shown in the United States in public performances. He contributed much to the introduction and development of cinematography in all its aspects, from the construction of cameras, projectors, film viewers, coating- and slitting machines and the manufacture of highly sensitized 35 mm raw film stock, to mobile newsreel reporting and the public projections of moving pictures. With his partner Robert W. Paul, he was the first person to build and run

title: Raoul Grimoin-Sanson

text: Raoul Grimoin-Sanson Raoul Grimoin-Sanson (1860–1941) was an inventor in the field of early cinema. He was born in Elbeuf, as Raoul Grimoin; he added the surname Sanson later. He had an early interest in stage magic as well as photography. In the 1890s, Grimoin-Sanson began experiments in moving pictures, and desired to project films, like those from Thomas Edison's kinetoscope, on screen. In 1896, he invented a crude camera/projector combination called the Phototachygraphe. In 1897, he patented the Cinéorama, a panoramic film projection system involving ten synchronized projectors. The Cinéorama was demonstrated at the 1900 Exposition Universelle in Paris, but

title: Charles Pathé

text: he created the Pathé Gazette in France (called Pathé News in the U.S. set up in 1910 and in the U.K. (now British Pathé) in 1911), which was an internationally popular newsreel until 1956. . In 1912, Pathé appointed Alfred Machin to develop the first studio films at Sint-Jans-Molenbeek, Château Karreveld, Belgium. In 1914, Pathé Frères studios in the United States released the first episodes of "The Perils of Pauline", one of the earliest and best remembered screen serials. The company also began publishing the screen magazine "Pathé Pictorial". When Pathé Exchange was spun off from its French parent company

title: Edwin Coubray

text: producer Alexander Markey, who also sold his camera to his rivals, the Welsh brothers), and Rewi's Last Stand (1940). In 1929 he presented New Zealand's first newsreel, under the title "Coubraytone News." He built much of his own equipment, and his company was called "New Zealand Radio Films." Edwin Coubray Edwin "Ted" Coubray (19 October 1900 – 10 December 1997) was a New Zealand projectionist, film-maker and inventor. He was born in Eastern Bush, Southland, New Zealand, and died in Homebush, Sydney. He retired to Australia in 1973 after "Auckland Cinemas" for which he was working closed the Tudor Cinema,

title: Henri Langlois

text: Henri Langlois Henri Langlois (; 13 November 1914 – 13 January 1977) was a French film archivist and cinephile. A pioneer of film preservation, Langlois was an influential figure in the history of cinema. His film screenings in Paris in the 1950s are often credited with providing the ideas that led to the development of the auteur theory. Langlois was co-founder of the Cinémathèque Française with Georges Franju and Jean Mitry and also co-founder of the International Federation of Film Archives (FIAF) in 1938. Through close collaboration with the Cinémathèque's longtime Chief Archivist, Lotte Eisner, he worked to preserve films

title: Fox News (1919–1930)

text: Fox News (1919–1930) Fox News was the original newsreel established by movie mogul, William Fox. It was eventually replaced by Fox's pioneering sound newsreel, "Fox Movietone News", which began regular operations in December 1927. William Fox had great ambitions for his newsreel from the very beginning; he even managed to secure a letter from President Woodrow Wilson endorsing his newsreel. At its launch in 1919, Fox had already secured a network of cameramen spanning the globe. Although the newsreel began acquiring stories in August 1919, the newsreel did not begin a regular, twice-weekly release until October 1919. From the beginnings

title: Newsreel

text: The first official British news cinema that only showed newsreels was the "Daily Bioscope" that opened in London on May 23, 1909. In 1929, William Fox purchased a former Broadway theater called the Embassy (now a visitor center operated by the Times Square Alliance). He changed the format from a $2 show twice a day to a continuous 25-cent programme, establishing the first newsreel theater in the USA. The idea was such a success that Fox and his backers announced they would start a chain of newsreel theaters across the USA. The newsreels were often accompanied by cartoons or short

title: History of film

text: created a significant fire hazard. The Act specified a strict building code which required, amongst other things, that the projector be enclosed within a fire resisting enclosure. Regular newsreels were exhibited from 1910 and soon became a popular way for finding out the news the British Antarctic Expedition to the South Pole was filmed for the newsreels as were the suffragette demonstrations that were happening at the same time. F. Percy Smith was an early nature documentary pioneer working for Charles Urban and he pioneered the use of time lapse and micro cinematography in his 1910 documentary on the growth

title: Eugene Augustin Lauste

text: recording and reproducing simultaneously the movements or motions of persons or objects and the sounds produced by them," i.e., a strip of 35 mm celluloid film containing both image frames and a sound strip. In 1911 he exhibited a sound film in the United States, possibly the first-ever American showing of a movie using sound-on-film technology. Before he could market his system more widely, though, World War I intervened. From 1928 until his death, Lauste was a consultant for Bell Telephone Laboratories. With his wife, Melanie, he had a son, Emile, and two stepsons, Clement and Harry E. LeRoy. Eugene

title: Movietone News

text: Movietone News Movietone News is a newsreel that ran from 1928 to 1963 in the United States, and – as British Movietone News – from 1929 to 1979 in the United Kingdom. Movietone News evolved from an earlier newsreel established by Fox Films called Fox News which was founded in 1919. It produced silent newsreels. When Fox entered talkies with "Mother Knows Best", the name Fox Movietone was applied to Fox's sound productions. It is known in the U.S. as Fox Movietone News, produced cinema, sound newsreels from 1928 to 1963 in the U.S., from 1929 to 1979 in the

title: Charles-Émile Reynaud

text: for since 29 March 1917. The "Pantomimes Lumineuses" were painted directly onto the transparent strip and manipulated by hand to create a circa 15 min show of circa 500 images per title. Charles-Émile Reynaud Charles-Émile Reynaud (8 December 1844 – 9 January 1918) was a French inventor, responsible for the praxinoscope (an animation device patented in 1877 that improved on the zoetrope) and the first projected animated films. His "Pantomimes Lumineuses" premiered on 28 October 1892 in Paris. His Théâtre Optique film system, patented in 1888, is also notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. The

title: Newsreel

text: Newsreel A newsreel is a form of short documentary film, containing news stories and items of topical interest, that was prevalent between the 1910s and the late 1960s. Typically presented in a cinema, newsreels were a source of current affairs, information, and entertainment for millions of moviegoers. Newsreels were typically exhibited preceding a feature film, but there were also dedicated newsreel theaters in many major cities in the 1930s and '40s, and some large city cinemas also included a smaller theaterette where newsreels were screened continuously throughout the day. By the end of the 1960s television news broadcasts had supplanted

title: News cinema

text: News cinema A news cinema or newsreel theatre is a cinema specialising in short films, shown in a continuous manner. However, despite its name, a news cinema does not necessarily show only cinematographical news (newsreels). The first official news cinema, "The Daily Bioscope", opened in London on 23 May 1909. In the United States, however, the apparition of a dedicated news cinema came much later, the first being the "Embassy" on Broadway, New York City, which opened in 1925 as a first-run theater before Loew's Inc. converted it into a news theater on 2 November 1929. However, because of competition

title: Fox Film

text: The silent newsreel series continued until 1930. In 1926, a subsidiary, Fox Movietone Corporation, was created, tasked with producing newsreels using Fox's recently acquired sound-on-film technology. The first of these newsreels debuted on 21 January 1927. Four months later, the 25 May release of a sound recording of Charles Lindbergh's departure on his transatlantic flight was described by film historian Raymond Fielding as the "first sound news film of consequence". "Movietone News" was launched as a regular newsreel feature 3 December of that year. Production of the series continued after the merger with Twentieth Century Pictures, until 1963, and continued

title: Movietone News

text: Fox's first use of recording a news event was on May 20, 1927: Charles Lindbergh's take-off from Roosevelt Field for his historic solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean was filmed with sound and shown in a New York theater that same night, inspiring Fox to create Movietone News. A regular narrator of the newsreels was broadcaster/journalist Lowell Thomas. After Fox Films merged with 20th Century Pictures in 1935 to form 20th Century-Fox, the name of Fox Movietone News was shortened to Movietone News. In Australia, Movietone and Cinesound were competitors for newsreel coverage, but have now combined under the Movietone

title: Movie projector

text: to carry encoded sound to be added after film development. Film could also be pre-striped for direct sound recording in suitably equipped cameras for later projection. Film format introduced by Pathé Frères in 1922 as part of the Pathé Baby amateur film system. It was conceived initially as an inexpensive format to provide copies of commercially made films to home users. The format uses a single, central perforation (sprocket hole) between each pair of frames, as opposed to 8 mm film which has perforations along one edge, and most other film formats which have perforations on each side of the

title: Eugene Augustin Lauste

text: roof on May 4. Thanks to the Latham loop inside the camera, the entire fight could be continuously shot on a single reel of film. He held regular displays of the pictures that summer in a Coney Island tent. He joined the American Biograph Company in 1896 and remained there for four years before moving to Brixton, England. In 1904 he prepared his first sound-on-film model. On August 11, 1906 he (along with Australian Robert R. Haines and Briton John S. Pletts) applied for a British patent; their application was granted patent No. 18057 in 1907 for "a process for

title: Reconstructed newsreels by Georges Méliès

text: Reconstructed newsreels by Georges Méliès Between 1897 and 1902, the French filmmaker Georges Méliès (1861–1938) made numerous "actualités reconstituées" ("reconstructed newsreels" or "reconstructed actualities"). Unlike conventional actuality films, which presented real-life events or simple naturalistic scenes filmed in a documentary style, these reconstructed newsreels were dramatically staged reenactments of current events, employing miniature models and theatrical techniques. Méliès particularly focused on capturing the spectacular nature of the events he recreated. While little is known of the release dates for many of Méliès's films, it appears that the reconstructed newsreels were released soon after the events they portrayed, when the news

title: Entertainment

text: of interest for the public." In 1908, Pathé launched and distributed newsreels and by World War I, films were meeting an enormous need for mass entertainment. "In the first decade of the [20th] century cinematic programmes combined, at random, fictions and newsfilms." The Americans first "contrived a way of producing an illusion of motion through successive images," but "the French were able to transform a scientific principle into a commercially lucrative spectacle". Film therefore became a part of the entertainment industry from its early days. Increasingly sophisticated techniques have been used in the film medium to delight and entertain audiences.

title: Mass communication

text: and Auguste Lumiere creating a portable camera that could process film and project images. The invention quickly gained notoriety when the Lumiere brothers debuted a series of 60 second clips screened outdoors to a Parisian audience. Despite the ever-growing popularity of moving images, the Lumiere Brothers did not seek to revolutionize the style of film, but stuck to documenting daily life in France. This set the grounds for future film revolutionaries, including George Melies, who sought to create narrative sequences in his films through the use of special effects. In the 1970s, television began to change to include more complicated

title: Movietone News

text: UK (for much of that time as British Movietone News), and from 1929 to 1975 in Australia. One of the earliest in the series featured "George Bernard Shaw Talks to Movietone News", released on June 25, 1928. One of the known early producers of these newsreels was Abraham Harrison also known as Harry, father of notable black and white photographer Dody Weston Thompson who also found a brief career in film making. An early conductor of the Movietone News orchestra was Harry Lauder II, nephew of entertainer Sir Harry Lauder, who was contracted by the company for eighteen months before

title: Eugène Py

text: which recording finished). He died in 1924 in San Martín, Buenos Aires. Eugène Py Eugène Py (19 May 1859 – 26 August 1924) was a major early French cameraman, cinematographer and film director and is widely considered the founding pioneer of the cinema of Argentina. Born in Carcassonne, Aude, Languedoc-Roussillon, France he moved to Buenos Aires in the late 1880s. He began working for the Belgian Henri Lepage and the Austrian Max Glücksmann at the 'Casa Lepage', a photographic supplies business in Buenos Aires. The three all saw the debut of the Lumière Cinématographe in Argentina, in Buenos Aires on

title: Louis de Rochemont

text: sold the footage to local theatres under the title "See Yourself as Others See You". The newsreels he created defined film news from 1935-51. The 20-minute films, which combined filmed news with interpretive interviews and dramatizations, appeared between featured films in theaters. When he moved from newsreels to feature films, de Rochemont chose to produce films based on real stories in actual locations, often with locals in the cast. After three spy films that helped define film noir, including "The House on 92nd Street" (1945), he produced a wide array of feature films such as the semi-documentary "Boomerang" (1947). He

title: Newsreel


question: who has won the eurovision song contest the most times

answers: Ireland's Johnny Logan

answers: Ireland

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: four runner-up entries. Norway holds the record for finishing in last place in the final the most times: eleven. Israel is the only non European country to win with 4 wins. The early years of the contest saw many wins for "traditional" Eurovision countries: France, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. However, the success of these countries has declined in recent decades; the Netherlands last won in 1975; France, in 1977; and Luxembourg, in 1983. Luxembourg last entered the contest in 1993. The first years of the 21st century produced numerous first-time winners, from both "new" and long-serving countries who had previously

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: but won the contest with the highest combined vote. The televote was won by Russia and the jury vote by Australia. In 2018, eventual winner Israel won the televote but only came in third with the jury vote (won by Austria). There have been a number of Eurovision artists and groups whose careers were directly launched into the spotlight following their win. Notable examples were ABBA, who won the contest for Sweden in 1974 with their song "Waterloo", and went on to become one of the most successful pop bands in history; the French Canadian singer Céline Dion, who won

title: Eurovision Young Musicians

text: won five times , , , , and respectively and has hosted the contest a record six times. The most recent edition of this competition took place in Edinburgh, Scotland on 23 August 2018 and was won by Ivan Bessonov, who played the piano for Russia. The Eurovision Young Musicians, inspired by the success of the BBC Young Musician of the Year, is a biennial competition organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) for European musicians that are 18 years old or younger. Some participating countries held national heats in order to select their representatives for the contest. The first

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: have to wait so long, winning with only their second entry in 2004. Also notably, although not the nation's first win, Conchita Wurst's win in 2014 broke a 48-year losing run for . The contest was won by in 2008. When won in 2017, they ended a 49-year run of entering without a win, beating 's previous record of 45 years. now holds this record, with 35 years without a win, achieving their highest score, Second, in 2018, and is the most successful country without a win, achieving two second places and two third places. In 2009, won the contest

title: List of Eurovision Song Contest winners

title: Junior Eurovision Song Contest

text: contest as of 2018. 39 countries have competed at least once. Listed are all the countries that have ever taken part in the competition alongside the year in which they made their debut: Overall, eleven countries have won the contest since the inaugural contest in . Seven have won the contest once: Armenia, Croatia, Italy, Poland, Spain, Ukraine, and the Netherlands. Three have won the contest twice: Belarus, Malta and Russia; while Georgia has won three times. Both Croatia and Italy achieved their wins on their debut participation in the contest. Below is a list of former-participants of the Junior

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: entered numerous times but without victories. Every year from 2001 to 2008 inclusive, a country won for its first time. Estonia was the first post-Soviet country to win the competition in 2001. In 2003, Turkey won for the first time. In 2005, won for the first time, 15 years after the last Southern European country won, i.e. in 1990; overall the South of Europe won the competition only six times (seven if Serbia is included). The 2006 winner was 's Lordi, earning Finland's first win after having entered the contest for 45 years. , on the other hand, did not

title: Eesti Laul

text: recent winner of the contest is Elina Nechayeva with her song "La forza". This list includes those who have acted as presenters of Eesti Laul. In 2009, there were two presenters for the first time. Since semi-finals inceptions various people were presented the shows. Eesti Laul Eesti Laul (English: 'Estonian Song' or 'The Song of Estonia') is an annual music competition organised by Estonian public broadcaster Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR). It determines the country's representative for the Eurovision Song Contest, and has been staged every year since 2009. The contest was introduced in 2009, replacing the former Eurolaul festival, used since

title: Eurovision Song Contest 2014

text: Monetta the fourth main singer to compete in three consecutive contests (and the only one of amongst them never to win in one of these occasions), following Lys Assia and Corry Brokken, who both competed in the , and contests, and Udo Jürgens, who competed in , and . Paula Seling and Ovi returned as a duo, having previously represented . The Tolmachevy Sisters, who represented Russia, previously participated in and won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006. Macedonian backing vocalist Tamara Todevska previously represented . Martina Majerle, who represented and provided backing vocals numerous times for Croatia (), Montenegro

title: Gyula Éliás

text: Varga, and McDc. Éliás has tried three times to represent his home country Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest: Firstly in 1996, with the song "Jó éjszakát", tying in last place (9th with four points). The eventual representative, Gjon Delhusa, was eliminated in the pre-qualifying round in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996. The second time was nearly twenty years later, with the new format of A Dal 2013. He attempted again with the song "Mindhalálig várni rád", and was eliminated in the heats. He tried for a third time in A Dal 2015, this time in English and in collaboration

title: Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010

text: radio DJ Daniël Dekker, singer and actress Tatjana Simić, singer George Baker, and three time Irish Eurovision winner Johnny Logan. Johnny Logan also performed his Eurovision Song Contest 1980 winning song "What's Another Year?". After the performances both Sieneke and Loekz had tied for first place, each receiving two votes from the four jury members - Sieneke by Daniël Dekker and George Baker and Loekz by Tatjana Simić and Johnny Logan, while the audience vote went to Vinzzent. In the case of a tie Kartner had to select the winner from the two participants. He first attempted to select the

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: total ever, with 417 points, becoming the first competitor to score 400 or more points, and would have set a new record of 20 maximum scores, beating Norway and Sweden, respectively. Since the introduction of the 50/50 voting system in 2009, the juries and the voters have disagreed on the winner on four occasions, in 2011, 2015, 2016, and 2018. 2011 winner Azerbaijan won only the televotes (jury votes were won by Italy) and 2015 winner Sweden won only the jury votes (televotes were won by Italy). In 2016, Ukraine did not win either the jury vote or the televote,

title: Rules of the Eurovision Song Contest

text: that Sandra Kim, who was 13 when she won for Belgium in 1986, will remain the youngest winner unless the age limit is lowered. No restriction on the nationality of the performers exists, which has resulted in countries being represented by artists who are not nationals of that country. One of the most well-known winning artists was Canadian Céline Dion who represented Switzerland in 1988. It should also be noted that the performer only needs to be 16 when the event takes place and not when they are selected, as proven when Lindsay Dracass was selected to represent the United

title: Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015

text: having finished last in the Eurovision final more than any other country and for having the most "nul points" (zero points) in the contest. The country has finished last eleven times and has failed to score a point during four contests. Since the introduction of a semi-final round to the format of the contest in 2004, Norway has, to this point, finished in the top ten five times. Wig Wam finished ninth with the song "In My Dreams" in 2005, Maria Haukaas Storeng was fifth in 2008 with "Hold On Be Strong", Alexander Rybak won in 2009, Margaret Berger was

title: Eurovision Song Contest 2014

text: the first time. The winner was Conchita Wurst with the song "Rise Like a Phoenix", written by Charley Mason, Joey Patulka, Ali Zuckowski, and Julian Maas for Austria. This was Austria's first win in the competition since 1966. Jokes made about Wurst had sparked controversy, whilst Russia were booed several times during the contest. and finished second and third respectively with the former achieving their best result since their victory in the Contest. finished fourth, which equals their best result to date, while finished fifth, achieving its best result since its fourth place in 1994. Of the "Big Five", only

title: Junior Eurovision Song Contest

text: on the day of the contest, and an original song lasting between 2 minutes 45 seconds and 3 minutes to compete against the other entries. Each entry represents the country served by the participating broadcaster. Viewers from the participating countries are invited to vote for their favourite performances by televote and a national jury from each participating country also vote. The overall winner of the contest is the entry that has received the most points after the scores from every country have been collected and totalled. The current winner is Roksana Węgiel of Poland, who won the 2018 contest in

title: Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest

text: for the final seven times, including for the last four years (2015–18). As of 2018, Iceland is the only Nordic country that has yet to win the Eurovision Song Contest. Iceland's best position at the contest is second place, which they have achieved twice: in 1999 when Selma represented Iceland with the song "All Out of Luck", and came second to Sweden's Charlotte Nilsson and in 2009 when Yohanna came second to Norway's Alexander Rybak with the ballad "Is It True?". In contrast Iceland's worst result is last place, which has been achieved twice to date: In 1989 when Daníel

title: OGAE Second Chance Contest

text: been represented at the contest at least once. These are listed here alongside the year in which they made their debut: Nine countries have won the contest over contest history. The most successful country in the contest has been , who have won the contest sixteen times in total, nearly half of the contests held. The Swedish band, Alcazar, who won in 2003 and again in 2005 is the only artist to win the contest more than once. Three contests took place in the 1980s, the first being in 1987 which was held in Huizen, the Netherlands, whilst the 1988

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: Sobral. However, his sister and the song's composer Luísa Sobral joined him for the winner's reprise. The most recent winner of the contest is Netta Barzilai who won the 2018 contest for Israel. In 1981, a concert television programme was held to commemorate the contest's twenty-fifth anniversary. The event, entitled Songs of Europe, took place in Mysen, Norway, featuring nearly all the winners of the contest, from 1956 to 1981. It was hosted by Rolf Kirkvaag and Titten Tei. In 2005, the EBU had agreed with the Danish broadcaster, DR, to produce a programme to celebrate the 50th anniversary of

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: with 387 points – Alexander Rybak held the winning title with his song "Fairytale". His outstanding performance meant he had the highest total in the history of the competition, becoming the first competitor to score 300 or more points, including 16 maximum scores. This feat was emulated in 2012, when Sweden won with 372 points, but with a new record of 18 maximum scores. In 2015, won the contest with 365 points, becoming the first country to ever reach 300 points or more twice while winning both times. placed second with 303 points, becoming the first country to score more

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest

text: the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The British public broadcaster, the BBC, broadcasts the event each year and organises the national selection for the entry. The UK has won the contest five times. The United Kingdom's five winners are Sandie Shaw with the song "Puppet on a String" (), Lulu with "Boom Bang-a-Bang" ( tied), Brotherhood of Man with "Save Your Kisses for Me" (), Bucks Fizz with "Making Your Mind Up" () and Katrina and the Waves with "Love, Shine a Light" (). The UK has also finished as runner-up on a record 15 occasions; with Pearl Carr & Teddy

text: Song Contest 59 times since making its debut as one of the seven countries competing in the very first contest in 1956. It has missed only four contests so far (1985, 1991, 1995 and 2002). The preselection process was often done through the "Nationaal Songfestival", with the winner qualifying to represent the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest. The Netherlands has won the contest four times. With four victories, the Netherlands ranks in the top 10 most successful Eurovision countries. The country's first two victories came in the 1950s, with Corry Brokken in 1957 and Teddy Scholten in 1959. The

text: 1984 winner from Sweden), the awards are named after the creator of the annual competition, Marcel Bezençon. The awards are divided into three categories: Press Award, Artistic Award, and Composer Award. Azerbaijan in the Eurovision Song Contest Azerbaijan has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 11 times since making its debut in 2008, after İctimai Televiziya (İTV) became an active member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). İTV had broadcast the Eurovision Song Contest in previous years, purchasing broadcasting rights from the EBU. Azerbaijan was the last country in the Caucasus to debut in the contest. Azerbaijan won the contest

title: Eurovision Song Contest 2015

text: voting poll and the Barbara Dex Awards are awards that were contested by the entries competing at the Eurovision Song Contest 2015, in addition to the main winner's trophy. The Marcel Bezençon Awards were first handed out during the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 in Tallinn, Estonia, honouring the best competing songs in the final. Founded by Christer Björkman (Sweden's representative in the 1992 Eurovision Song Contest and the current Head of Delegation for Sweden) and Richard Herrey (a member of the Herreys and the Eurovision Song Contest 1984 winner from Sweden), the awards are named after the creator of the

title: Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017

text: Polina Bogusevich, who represented with the song "Wings", marking the second time that Russia has won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest, and the first time since The Tolmachevy Twins in 2006, and the third overall victory for the country in any Eurovision-related events. The last victory in any Eurovision event for Russia was when Dima Bilan won the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 in Belgrade. and finished in second and third place, respectively. The EBU confirmed in February 2017 that the contest would be hosted by Georgia. This will be the first Eurovision event hosted by the country, despite them winning

title: Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015

text: points. This was the fourth time the nation received "nul points" at the Eurovision Song Contest. Prior to the 2015 contest, Austria had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest forty-seven times since its first entry in . The nation had won the contest on two occasions: in with the song "Merci, Chérie" performed by Udo Jürgens and in with the song "Rise Like a Phoenix" performed by Conchita Wurst. Following the introduction of semi-finals for the , Austria had featured in only three finals. Austria's least successful result has been last place, which they have achieved on eight occasions, most

title: Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest

text: taking part. As of 2018, Cyprus now holds the record for the most times competing in the Eurovision Song Contest without a single win with 35 entries into the contest. Most of the Cypriot entries have been sung in Greek or English; the exceptions are in 2000, in which the song "Nomiza" included both Greek and Italian, and in the 2007 contest, in which Evridiki performed "Comme Ci, Comme Ça" entirely in French. On 3 October 2013, the Cypriot broadcaster Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CyBC) withdrew from the contest. Reasons that were cited are public opinion regarding the 2012–13 Cypriot financial

title: Sally Ann Triplett

text: the competition twice, alongside Ronnie Carroll, Cliff Richard and Cheryl Baker of Bucks Fizz. Triplett is the only act to have won the UK heat for Eurovision at both attempts (Cliff Richard was nominated twice without having to compete for the opportunity). The song, however, proved to be a success in the UK Singles Chart when it reached #2, and Bardo went on to release two more singles, although no further success followed. In between her two Eurovision appearances, she was a regular in the BBC television programme "Crackerjack!". Triplett has also made many appearances on television. This include "Children

title: France in the Eurovision Song Contest

text: and Amina (1991), who lost out to Sweden's Carola in a tie-break. After reaching the top five in 24 contests in the 20th century, France has had less success in the 21st century, only making the top five twice, with Natasha St-Pier fourth in and Sandrine François fifth in . France finished last for the first time in , when Twin Twin received only two points. France have failed to reach the top 10 in 14 of the last 16 contests, the exceptions being Patricia Kaas, who was eighth in , and Amir, who was sixth in . Several French

title: Eurovision Song Contest

text: than 300 points without winning. In 2016, the scoring system was changed, which meant that it was much easier to achieve over 300 points – in fact, the winner – Jamala of , achieved 534 points, and all of top 9 scored 200 or more points, and 25 of the 26 positions got their highest points ever. This feat was then extended in 2017 when Salvador Sobral beat Ukraine's points record by 224 points, in addition to beating the same score by 81 points. However, had Portugal won under the previous voting system, it would still have had the highest

title: List of Eurovision Song Contest winners

long_answer: There have been 62 contests, with one winner each year except the tied 1969 contest, which had four. Twenty-seven different countries have won the contest. Switzerland won the first contest in 1956. The country with the highest number of wins is Ireland, with seven. The only person to have won more than once as performer is Ireland's Johnny Logan, who performed "What's Another Year" in 1980 and "Hold Me Now" in 1987. Logan is also one of only five songwriters to have written more than one winning entry ("Hold Me Now" 1987 and "Why Me?" 1992, performed by Linda Martin). This unique distinction makes Logan the only person to have three Eurovision victories to his/her credit, as either singer, songwriter or both. The other four songwriters with more than one winning entry to their credit are, Willy van Hemert (Netherlands, 1957 and 1959), Yves Dessca (Monaco, 1971 and Luxembourg, 1972), Rolf Løvland (Norway, 1985 and 1995) and Brendan Graham (Ireland, 1994 and 1996).

short_answers:
Ireland
Ireland's Johnny Logan


question: when did the revolution begin in the united states

answers: 1775

answers: 1765

text: The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution is a 1968 Pulitzer Prize-winning book of history by Bernard Bailyn. It is considered one of the most influential studies of the American Revolution published during the 20th century. The book grew out of Bailyn's introduction to the first volume of "Pamphlets of the American Revolution", a series of documents of the Revolutionary era which he edited for the John Harvard Library. In the process of reading hundreds of pamphlets published between 1750 and 1776, Bailyn detected a pattern of similarities in argument, language, and invocation

title: Before the Revolution (book)

text: Before the Revolution (book) Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts is a nonfiction book-length scholarly history written by Daniel K. Richter and published by Belknap Press (of Harvard University Press) in 2011. It covers the stages of North America's deep historical roots well before the American Revolution, theorizing that these stages shaped recent history and the present. The book is divided into six major sections: "Progenitors," "Conquistadors," "Traders," "Planters," "Imperialists," and "Atlanteans". Daniel K. Richter is a Professor of American History at the University of Pennsylvania and book author. He researches, teaches, and writes about colonial North America and Native

text: the same themes in their private writing as in public, and that their expressed fears of "slavery," "corruption," and a "conspiracy" against liberty were genuine. The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution is a 1968 Pulitzer Prize-winning book of history by Bernard Bailyn. It is considered one of the most influential studies of the American Revolution published during the 20th century. The book grew out of Bailyn's introduction to the first volume of "Pamphlets of the American Revolution", a series of documents of the Revolutionary era which he edited for the John Harvard

title: Americans in the United Kingdom

text: British Crown in the American Revolution. The Revolution began in the thirteen American colonies and United States in the late 1770s. The British promised freedom to any slave or rebel who fought the Americans on their behalf. African Americans made up over 20 percent of the American population at the time, which was the second largest ethnic group in British North America only after the English and as many as 30,000 slaves escaped to British lines. The largest regiment was the Black Pioneers who followed troops under Sir General Henry Clinton. Working as soldiers, labourers, pilots, cooks, and musicians, they

title: American Revolution

text: The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that took place between 1765 and 1783.  The American Patriots in the Thirteen Colonies won independence from Great Britain, becoming the United States of America. They defeated the British in the American Revolutionary War in alliance with France and others.

title: Before the Revolution (book)

text: American history before 1800. He served as acting chair for UPenn's History Department during 2013-2014. His PhD. is from Columbia University. Before the Revolution (book) Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts is a nonfiction book-length scholarly history written by Daniel K. Richter and published by Belknap Press (of Harvard University Press) in 2011. It covers the stages of North America's deep historical roots well before the American Revolution, theorizing that these stages shaped recent history and the present. The book is divided into six major sections: "Progenitors," "Conquistadors," "Traders," "Planters," "Imperialists," and "Atlanteans". Daniel K. Richter is a Professor of

title: Commemoration of the American Revolution

text: up to the creation of the United States of America as an independent republic. It was a central event in the memory of the American Revolution. The Bicentennial culminated on Sunday, July 4, 1976, with the 200th anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. A Canadian specialist on the Revolutionary era has evaluated the evidence, the accuracy and the historical themes employed by twelve Hollywood films featuring the American Revolution from 1939-2002. She covers the major characters, heroes and villains, Patriots and Loyalists, plots, and social and class themes. She compares cinematic understandings of the Revolution with the

title: Liberty!

text: Liberty! Liberty! The American Revolution is a six-hour documentary miniseries about the Revolutionary War, and the instigating factors, that brought about the United States' independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. It was first broadcast on the Public Broadcasting System in 1997. The series consists of six hour-long episodes. Each episode is introduced by Forrest Sawyer and narrated by Edward Herrmann. Period photographs and location filming are intercut with stage and screen actors in appropriate period costume reading as figures of the time, including Campbell Scott (Thomas Jefferson), Philip Bosco (Benjamin Franklin), Victor Garber (John Dickinson), Alex Jennings (King George

title: Age of Revolution

text: was the birth of the United States of America. The French Revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France from 1789 to 1799 that profoundly affected French and modern history, marking the decline of powerful monarchies and churches and the rise of democracy and nationalism. Popular resentment of the privileges enjoyed by the clergy and aristocracy grew amidst an economic crisis following two expensive wars and years of bad harvests, motivating demands for change. These were couched in terms of Enlightenment ideals and caused the convocation of the Estates-General in May 1789. The Haitian Revolution was

title: American Revolution

text: a British colonial model. But about 80% of the Loyalists stayed in the United States and became full, loyal citizens; some of the exiles later returned to the U.S. Interpretations vary concerning the effect of the Revolution. Contemporaries of the period referred to it as "the revolution", although the war is sometimes known as the "American War of Independence" outside the United States, particularly in the United Kingdom. Historians such as Bernard Bailyn, Gordon Wood, and Edmund Morgan view the American Revolution as a unique and radical event that produced deep changes and had a profound effect on world affairs,

title: Sons of the American Revolution

text: the American Revolutionary War or who contributed to establishing the independence of the United States. It is dedicated to perpetuating American ideals and traditions, and to protecting the Constitution of the United States; the official recognition of Constitution Day, Flag Day, and Bill of Rights Day were established through its efforts. It has members in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, Mexico, Spain, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The organization is distinct from the Sons of the Revolution, a separate descendants heritage organization founded on February 22, 1876 by businessman John Austin Stevens and members of The Society of the

title: American Revolution

text: determined King George's rule to be tyrannical and infringing the colonists' rights as Englishmen, and they declared the colonies free and independent states on July 2, 1776. The Patriot leadership professed the political philosophies of liberalism and republicanism to reject monarchy and aristocracy, and they proclaimed that all men are created equal. The Continental Army forced the redcoats out of Boston in March 1776, but that summer the British captured and held New York City and its strategic harbor for the duration of the war. The Royal Navy blockaded ports and captured other cities for brief periods, but they failed

title: The New Revolution (roller coaster)

text: The New Revolution (roller coaster) The New Revolution (formerly known as Revolution, Great American Revolution, and La Revolución) is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. Manufactured by Anton Schwarzkopf and designed by Werner Stengel, the roller coaster opened to the public on May 8, 1976. The New Revolution is the world's first modern roller coaster to feature a vertical loop and has been recognized for that accomplishment by American Coaster Enthusiasts (ACE), who awarded the roller coaster its Coaster Landmark status. The coaster was named after the American Revolution in celebration of the

title: The American Revolution (film)

text: The American Revolution (film) The American Revolution is an upcoming feature-length documentary film that chronicles progressive rock radio station WBCN-FM in Boston, during the years 1968 to 1974, through the original sights, sounds and stories, and examines the station's role in both covering and promoting the dramatic social, political and cultural changes that took place during that era. The film is being produced by the Peabody Award-winning Lichtenstein Creative Media. The film's use of crowdsourcing to collect archival material for its production and to raise the funds necessary to produce it has been called "A revolution in documentary filmmaking" by

title: American Revolution

text: a model for many other colonial peoples who realized that they too could break away and become self-governing nations with directly elected representative government. The Dutch Republic, also at war with Britain, was the next country to sign a treaty with the United States, on October 8, 1782. On April 3, 1783, Ambassador Extraordinary Gustaf Philip Creutz, representing King Gustav III of Sweden, and Benjamin Franklin, signed a Treaty of Amity and Commerce with the U.S. The American Revolution was the first wave of the Atlantic Revolutions: the French Revolution, the Haitian Revolution, and the Latin American wars of independence.

title: Age of Revolution

text: Age of Revolution The Age of Revolution is the period from approximately 1774 to 1849 in which a number of significant revolutionary movements occurred in many parts of Europe and the Americas. The period is noted for the change in government from absolutist monarchies to constitutionalist states and republics. The Age of Revolution includes the American Revolution, the French Revolution, the Irish Rebellion of 1798, the Haitian Revolution, the revolt of slaves in Latin America, the First Italian War of Independence, Sicilian revolution of 1848, and the 1848 revolutions in Italy; and the independence movements of Spanish and Portuguese colonies

title: Perez Zagorin

text: Humanities, the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, and the Royal Historical Society of Great Britain. His revised dissertation became his first major publication, "A History of Political Thought in the English Revolution". His second monograph, "The Court and the Country: the Beginning of the English Revolution" (1969), explored the origins of the English Revolution by examining the split in the English governing class. He then moved to consider the nature of early modern revolution itself, publishing a European-wide comparative survey of his results in two volumes, "Rebels and Rulers 1500-1600" (1982), a study of early modern European revolutions in

title: The Anatomy of Revolution

text: are not united. The group which dominates these first stages we call the moderates ... power passes by violent ... methods from Right to Left" (p. 253). According to Brinton, while "we must not expect our revolutions to be identical" (p. 226), three of the four (the English, French and Russian) began "in hope and moderation", reached "a crisis in a reign of terror", and ended "in something like dictatorship—Cromwell, Bonaparte, Stalin". The exception is the American Revolution, which "does not quite follow this pattern" (p. 24). The revolutions begin with problems in the pre-revolutionary regime. These include problems functioning—"government

title: Tax resistance in the United States

text: of British-manufactured goods and the encouragement of local production of replacement goods, and sanctions ranging from social boycott to violent attacks aimed at tax collectors and collaborators. The success of measures like these led John Adams to assert that the American Revolution had already been accomplished before the Revolutionary War began — that the war was less a revolution than a failed counterrevolution. After the success of the American Revolution, the independent United States government of the former colonies was confronted by its own tax resistance campaigns. Three were suppressed militarily by the fledgling United States government: Massachusetts farmers were

title: The American People (book)

text: conclusion on the crucible of revolution. Chapter Seven, Consolidating the Revolution: Includes the struggle of a peacetime agenda, sources of political conflict, the political tumult in the states, the movement toward a new national government, and a conclusion on completing the revolution. Chapter Eight, Creating a Nation: Includes the launching of the national republic, the republic in a threatening world, how the political crisis deepened, the restoration of American liberty, the building of an agrarian nation, foreign policy of the new nation, and a conclusion on the period of trial and transition. Chapter Nine, Society and Politics in the Early

title: Sons of the Revolution

text: include: Sons of the Revolution was founded on February 22, 1876, at New York City, primarily by leading members of The Society of the Cincinnati and the businessman John Austin Stevens. He disagreed with Society of the Cincinnati requirements limiting membership to the eldest male descendants based on the rules of primogeniture. Stevens held a preliminary meeting on December 18, 1875, at the New-York Historical Society at New York. At a second meeting held in January 1876, the first constitution was adopted and a flier which invited members was published. After a few years of little activity, an elaborate "turtle

title: Revolution (1985 film)

text: the American Revolutionary War after his young son Ned joins the Army as a drummer boy. Later, his son is captured by the British, and taken by the strict Sergeant Major Peasy to replace some dead British drummer boys. Dobb attempts to find him, and along the way, becomes convinced that he must help fight for the freedom of the Colonies, alongside the disgraced and idealistic aristocrat Daisy McConnahay. The film was produced by the British company Goldcrest, and was filmed largely in the old dock area of the English port town of King's Lynn, Norfolk. The main battles scenes

title: On Revolution

text: On Revolution On Revolution is a 1963 book by political theorist Hannah Arendt. Arendt presents a comparison of two of the main revolutions of the eighteenth century, the American and French Revolutions. In this book, Arendt goes against a common view of both Marxist and leftist views when she argues that France, while well studied and often emulated, was a disaster and that the largely ignored American Revolution was a success. The turning point in the French Revolution occurred when the leaders rejected their goals of freedom in order to focus on compassion for the masses. In America, on the

text: History of the Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution History of the Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution is a book by Mercy Otis Warren. Warren was a correspondent and adviser to many political leaders of the Revolutionary period, including Samuel Adams, John Hancock, Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, George Washington and especially John Adams, who became her literary mentor in the years leading to the Revolution. It was published in three volumes, totalling 1,317 pages. Her magnum opus, the book covers the whole Revolutionary period, from the Stamp Act to the events leading to the writing

title: Russia and the American Revolution

text: likely, in other European states. Moreover, it was impossible to speak out about changes to Russia's political structure, potential of revolution, or democratic freedoms during this period. One could "write more or less objectively about the right to freedom and independence of the American people, and its experience of victorious revolutionary struggle against England." Such revolutionary ideology inspired Russian authors Alexander Radishchev and Nikolay Novikov to write about American successes during the war, condemn slavery, and rebuke the decimation of Native Americans. As time passed, the American Revolution even inspired some members of the Decembrist Revolt in St. Petersburg as,

title: American Revolution

text: often connected to the Church of England; they included many established merchants with strong business connections throughout the Empire, as well as royal officials such as Thomas Hutchinson of Boston. There were 500 to 1,000 black loyalists, slaves who escaped to British lines and joined the British army. Most died of disease, but Britain took the survivors to Canada as free men. The revolution could divide families, such as William Franklin, son of Benjamin Franklin and royal governor of the Province of New Jersey who remained loyal to the Crown throughout the war. He and his father never spoke again.

title: American Revolution

text: the Rights of Man and the Citizen of 1789. The spirit of the Declaration of Independence led to laws ending slavery in all the Northern states and the Northwest Territory, with New Jersey the last in 1804. States such as New Jersey and New York adopted gradual emancipation, which kept some people as slaves for more than two decades longer. The democratic ideals of the Revolution inspired changes in the roles of women. The concept of republican motherhood was inspired by this period and reflects the importance of Republicanism as the dominant American ideology. It assumed that a successful republic

text: History of the United States (1776–1789) Between 1776 and 1789, the United States of America emerged as an independent country, creating and ratifying its new constitution and establishing its national government. In order to assert their traditional rights, American Patriots seized control of the colonies and launched a war for independence. The Americans declared independence on July 4, 1776, proclaiming "all men are created equal". Congress raised the Continental Army under the command of General George Washington, forged a military alliance with France and defeated the two main British invasion armies. Nationalists replaced the governing Articles of Confederation to strengthen

title: 51st state

text: of British America during the American Revolution. The colonies that had confederated to form the United States invaded Canada (at the time a term referring specifically to the modern-day provinces of Quebec and Ontario, which had only been in British hands since 1763) at least twice, neither time succeeding in taking control of the territory. The first invasion was during the Revolution, under the assumption that French-speaking Canadians' presumed hostility towards British colonial rule combined with the Franco-American alliance would make them natural allies to the American cause; the Continental Army successfully recruited two Canadian regiments for the invasion. That

title: Southern United States

text: embraced the American Revolution, providing such leaders as commander in chief George Washington, and the author of the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson. In 1780 and 1781, the British largely halted reconquest of the northern states, and concentrated on the south, where they were told there was a large Loyalist population ready to leap to arms once the royal forces arrived. The British took control of Savannah and Charleston, capturing a large American army in the process, and set up a network of bases inland. There were many more Loyalists in the South than in the North, but they were

title: American Revolution


question: through what process has the colorado river created the grand canyon in the usa

answers: erosion

title: Grand Canyon

text: the scenery. Nearly two billion years of Earth's geological history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut their channels through layer after layer of rock while the Colorado Plateau was uplifted. While some aspects about the history of incision of the canyon are debated by geologists, several recent studies support the hypothesis that the Colorado River established its course through the area about 5 to 6 million years ago. Since that time, the Colorado River has driven the down-cutting of the tributaries and retreat of the cliffs, simultaneously deepening and widening the canyon. For thousands of

title: Grand Canyon

text: The great depth of the Grand Canyon and especially the height of its strata (most of which formed below sea level) can be attributed to () of uplift of the Colorado Plateau, starting about 65 million years ago (during the Laramide Orogeny). This uplift has steepened the stream gradient of the Colorado River and its tributaries, which in turn has increased their speed and thus their ability to cut through rock (see the elevation summary of the Colorado River for present conditions). Weather conditions during the ice ages also increased the amount of water in the Colorado River drainage system.

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: the last ice age and subsequent human activity has greatly reduced the ability of the Colorado River to excavate the canyon. Dams in particular have upset patterns of sediment transport and deposition. Controlled floods from Glen Canyon Dam upstream have been conducted to see if they have a restorative effect. Earthquakes and mass wasting erosive events still affect the region. At about 2.5 and 1.8 billion years ago in Precambrian time, sand, mud, silt, and ash were laid down in a marine basin adjacent to an orogenic belt. From 1.8 to 1.6 billion years ago at least two island arcs

title: Mary C. Rabbitt

text: discoveries in the Colorado Plateau. She describes the depositional processes in the Grand Canyon as the Colorado River flows through the Grand Canyon, eroding the canyon walls and exposing layers of rock and fossil evidence recording a span of approximately two billion years. In "Minerals, Lands, and Geology for the Common Defense and General Welfare Volume 2", 1879-1904, Rabbit outlines how the development of public land, mapping policies, and the development of mineral resources in the United States shaped the maturation of the field of geology. According to Rabbit, the study of geology was first differentiated from the study of

title: Grand Canyon

text: The canyon is the result of erosion which exposes one of the most complete geologic columns on the planet.

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: Uinkaret volcanic field (in the western Grand Canyon) about 3 million years ago. Over 150 flows of basaltic lava dammed the Colorado River at least 13 times from 725,000 to 100,000 years ago. The dams typically formed in weeks, were long, high (thicker upstream and thinner downstream) and had volumes of . The longevity of the dams and their ability to hold Colorado River water in large lakes has been debated. In one hypothesis water from the Colorado River backed up behind the dams in large lakes that extended as far as Moab, Utah. Dams were overtopped in short time;

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: accelerate downcutting. Ice ages during the Pleistocene brought a cooler and wetter pluvial climate to the region starting 2 to 3 million years ago. The added precipitation increased runoff and the erosive ability of streams (especially from spring melt water and flash floods in summer). With a greatly increased flow volume the Colorado cut faster than ever before and started to quickly excavate the Grand Canyon 2 million years before present, almost reaching the modern depth by 1.2 million years ago. The resulting Grand Canyon of the Colorado River trends roughly east to west for between Lake Powell and Lake

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: years ago enabled a large river to cut its way northeast from the gulf. The new river captured the older drainage to form the ancestral Colorado River, which in turn started to form the Grand Canyon. Wetter climates brought upon by ice ages starting 2 million years ago greatly increased excavation of the Grand Canyon, which was nearly as deep as it is now, 1.2 million years ago. Volcanic activity deposited lava over the area 1.8 million to 500,000 years ago. At least 13 lava dams blocked the Colorado River, forming lakes that were up to deep. The end of

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: model dams would fail due to fluid flow through fractures in the dams and around dam abutments, through permeable river deposits and alluvium. Since the demise of these dams the Colorado River has carved a maximum of about into the rocks of the Colorado Plateau The end of the Pleistocene ice ages and the start of the Holocene began to change the area's climate from a cool, wet pluvial one to dryer semi-arid conditions similar to that of today. With less water to cut, the erosive ability of the Colorado was greatly reduced. Mass wasting processes thus began to become

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: relatively more important than they were before. Steeper cliffs and further widening the Grand Canyon and its tributary canyon system occurred. An average of two debris flows per year reach the Colorado River from tributary canyons to form or expand rapids. This type of mass wasting is the main way the smaller and steeper side canyons transport sediment but it also plays a major role in excavating the larger canyons. In 1963 Glen Canyon Dam and other dams farther upstream started to regulate the flow of the Colorado River through Grand Canyon. Pre-dam but still historic flows of the Colorado

title: Colorado River

text: as 2 billion years. The of the river that flow through the Grand Canyon are largely encompassed by Grand Canyon National Park and are known for their difficult whitewater, separated by pools that reach up to in depth. At the lower end of Grand Canyon, the Colorado widens into Lake Mead, the largest reservoir in the continental United States, formed by Hoover Dam on the border of Arizona and Nevada. Situated southeast of metropolitan Las Vegas, the dam is an integral component for management of the Colorado River, controlling floods and storing water for farms and cities in the lower

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: the Rocky Mountains in early Miocene time terminated in landlocked basins in Utah, Arizona and Nevada but there is no evidence for a major river. Around 18 million years ago, tensional forces started to thin and drop the region to the west, creating the Basin and Range Province. Basins (grabens) dropped down and mountain ranges (horsts) rose up between old and new north–south–trending faults. However, for reasons poorly understood, the beds of the Colorado Plateaus remained mostly horizontal through both events even as they were uplifted about in two pulses. The extreme western part of the canyon ends at one

title: Grand Canyon

text: Gorge in Nepal is much deeper). However, the Grand Canyon is known for its visually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape. Geologically, it is significant because of the thick sequence of ancient rocks that are well preserved and exposed in the walls of the canyon. These rock layers record much of the early geologic history of the North American continent. Uplift associated with mountain formation later moved these sediments thousands of feet upward and created the Colorado Plateau. The higher elevation has also resulted in greater precipitation in the Colorado River drainage area, but not enough to change

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: explained). The mountain ranges were reduced to hills, and in some places, the whole of the supergroup were removed entirely, exposing the basement rocks below. Any rocks that were deposited on top of the Grand Canyon Supergroup in the Precambrian were completely removed. This created a major unconformity that represents 460 million years of lost geologic history in the area. During the Paleozoic era, the western part of what would become North America was near the equator and on a passive margin. The Cambrian Explosion of life took place over about 15 million years in this part of the world.

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: America by helping to build the American cordillera. The Kaibab Uplift, Monument Upwarp, the Uinta Mountains, San Rafael Swell, and the Rocky Mountains were uplifted, at least in part, by the Laramide orogeny. This major mountain-building event started near the end of the Mesozoic, around 75 million years ago, and continued into the Eocene period of the Cenozoic. It was caused by subduction off the western coast of North America. Major faults that trend north–south and cross the canyon area were reactivated by this uplift. Many of these faults are Precambrian in age and are still active today. Streams draining

title: Anza-Borrego Desert State Park

text: sediment eroded during the formation of the Grand Canyon spilled into the Salton Trough. Little by little, the ancestral Colorado River built a massive river delta across the sea way. Fossil hardwoods from the deltaic sands and associated coastal plain deposits suggest the region received three times as much rainfall as now. The Anza-Borrego region gradually changed from a predominately marine environment into a system of interrelated terrestrial habitats. North of the Colorado River Delta and intermittently fed by the river, a sequence of lakes and dry lakes has persisted for over three million years. At the same time, sediments

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: Mead. In that distance, the Colorado River drops and has excavated an estimated of sediment to form the canyon. This part of the river bisects the -high Kaibab Uplift and passes seven plateaus (the Kaibab, Kanab, and Shivwits plateaus bound the northern part of the canyon and the Coconino bounds the southern part). Each of these plateaus are bounded by north to south trending faults and monoclines created or reactivated during the Laramide orogeny. Streams flowing into the Colorado River have since exploited these faults to excavate their own tributary canyons, such as Bright Angel Canyon. Volcanic activity started in

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: geologic record found in the Grand Canyon. Uplift of the region started about 75 million years ago during the Laramide orogeny; a mountain-building event that is largely responsible for creating the Rocky Mountains to the east. In total, the Colorado Plateau was uplifted an estimated . The adjacent Basin and Range Province to the west started to form about 18 million years ago as the result of crustal stretching. A drainage system that flowed through what is today the eastern Grand Canyon emptied into the now lower Basin and Range province. Opening of the Gulf of California around 6 million

title: Grand Staircase

text: increased the ability of the Colorado River to cut its channel to make individual plateaus out of the Colorado Plateaus region. The major canyons of the region did not start to form until about five to six million years ago when the Gulf of California opened up and thus lowered the river's base level (its lowest point). In the 1880s, many large dinosaur skeletons were excavated from southern Utah in regions north of the Grand Staircase. Following these discoveries there was little interest in further exploration. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries there has been greatly renewed interests

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: through Grand Canyon ranged from per second with at least one late 19th century flood of per second. Discharge from Glen Canyon Dam exceeds per second only when there is danger of overtopping the dam or when the level of Lake Powell otherwise needs to be lowered. An interim conservation measure since 1991 has held maximum flows at per second even though the dam's power plant can handle per second more flow. Controlling river flow by use of dams has diminished the river's ability to scour rocks by substantially reducing the amount of sediment it carries. Dams on the Colorado

title: Plateau

text: in North America is the Colorado Plateau, which covers about in Colorado, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico. In northern Arizona and southern Utah the Colorado Plateau is bisected by the Colorado River and the Grand Canyon. How this came to be is that over 10 million years ago, a river was already there, though not necessarily on exactly the same course. Then, subterranean geological forces caused the land in that part of North America to gradually rise by about a centimeter per year for millions of years. An unusual balance occurred: the river that would become the Colorado River was

title: Colorado River

text: early explorers and settlers and since the early 20th century the principal point where Colorado River flows are measured for apportionment to the seven U.S. and two Mexican states in the basin. Downstream, the river enters Marble Canyon, the beginning of the Grand Canyon, passing under the Navajo Bridges on a now southward course. Below the confluence with the Little Colorado River, the river swings west into Granite Gorge, the most dramatic portion of the Grand Canyon, where the river cuts up to into the Colorado Plateau, exposing some of the oldest visible rocks on Earth, dating as long ago

title: Glen Canyon

text: dam in the Grand Canyon. American writer Edward Abbey also documented his experience exploring Glen Canyon from the Colorado River prior to the completion of Glen Canyon Dam in his 1968 memoir "Desert Solitaire", in the chapter titled "Down the River". Glen Canyon Glen Canyon is a natural canyon in the Vermilion Cliffs area of southeastern and south-central Utah and north-central Arizona in the United States. Like the Grand Canyon to the south, Glen Canyon is part of the immense system of canyons carved by the Colorado River and its tributaries. In 1963, a reservoir, Lake Powell, was created by

title: History of the Grand Canyon area

text: in the region from 1276 to 1299, forcing these agriculture-dependent cultures to move on. Many Ancestral Pueblo relocated to the Rio Grande and the Little Colorado River drainages, where their descendants, the Hopi and the 19 Pueblos of New Mexico, now live. For approximately one hundred years the canyon area was uninhabited by humans. Paiute from the east and Cerbat from the west were the first humans to reestablish settlements in and around the Grand Canyon. The Paiute settled the plateaus north of the Colorado River and the Cerbat built their communities south of the river, on the Coconino Plateau.

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: that extended from at least present-day Lake Superior to Glacier National Park in Montana to the Grand Canyon and the Uinta Mountains. The resulting Grand Canyon Supergroup of sedimentary units is composed of nine varied geologic formations that were laid down from 1.2 billion and 740 million years ago in this sea. Good exposures of the supergroup can be seen in eastern Grand Canyon in the Inner Gorge and from Desert View, Lipan Point and Moran point. The oldest section of the supergroup is the Unkar Group. It accumulated in a variety of fluvial, deltaic, tidal, nearshore marine, and offshore

title: Geology of the Zion and Kolob canyons area

text: Colorado Plateau and tilting of the Markagunt Plateau started 13 million years ago. This steepened the stream gradient of the ancestral Virgin River (Zion Canyon section of the park), and Taylor and La Verkin creeks (Kolob Canyons section of the park), causing them to flow and downcut faster into the underlying Markagunt Plateau. Downcutting continues to be especially rapid after heavy rainstorms and winter runoff when the water contains large amounts of suspended and abrasive sand grains. Uplift and downcutting are so fast that slot canyons (very narrow river-cut features with vertical walls), such as the Zion Narrows, formed. Explosive

title: Colorado

text: or by evaporation in its arid areas. The Colorado River flows through Glenwood Canyon, and then through an arid valley made up of desert from Rifle to Parachute, through the desert canyon of De Beque Canyon, and into the arid desert of Grand Valley, where the city of Grand Junction is located. Also prominent in or near the southern portion of the Western Slope are the Grand Mesa, which lies to the southeast of Grand Junction; the high San Juan Mountains, a rugged mountain range; and to the west of the San Juan Mountains, the Colorado Plateau, a high arid

title: Colorado River

text: its present height until about 5 million years ago, about when the Colorado River established its present course into the Gulf of California. The time scale and sequence over which the river's present course and the Grand Canyon were formed is uncertain. Before the Gulf of California was formed around 12 to 5 million years ago by faulting processes along the boundary of the North American and Pacific plates, the Colorado flowed west to an outlet on the Pacific Ocean – possibly Monterey Bay on the Central California coast, and may have played a role in the formation of the

title: Geology of the Grand Canyon area

text: Geology of the Grand Canyon area The geology of the Grand Canyon area includes one of the most complete and studied sequences of rock on Earth. The nearly 40 major sedimentary rock layers exposed in the Grand Canyon and in the Grand Canyon National Park area range in age from about 200 million to nearly 2 billion years old. Most were deposited in warm, shallow seas and near ancient, long-gone sea shores in western North America. Both marine and terrestrial sediments are represented, including lithified sand dunes from an extinct desert. There are at least 14 known unconformities in the

title: Glen Canyon Dam

text: California (Sea of Cortez) in Mexico. Prior to the completion of Glen Canyon Dam, about reached the delta each year, despite heavy water use in California and Arizona. Because Glen Canyon Dam made possible an increased utilization of water from the Colorado River system, not enough water is left to flow to the delta in a normal year, and about of ecologically productive wetlands have disappeared. In 2014 an intentional "pulse flow" was released into the delta to restore some of these wetlands; however the viability of such flows have been controversial, considering the already high demand for Colorado River

title: Grand Canyon