question: word that means separation of church and state

answers: separationism

title: Separation of church and state

text: Separation of church and state The separation of church and state is a philosophic and jurisprudential concept for defining political distance in the relationship between religious organizations and the nation state. Conceptually, the term refers to the creation of a secular state (with or without legally explicit church–state separation) and to disestablishment, the changing of an existing, formal relationship between the church and the state. In a society, the degree of political separation between the church and the civil state is determined by the legal structures and prevalent legal views that define the proper relationship between organized religion and the

title: Separation of church and state

text: of the phrase, "wall of separation between church and state", as written in Thomas Jefferson's letter to the Danbury Baptist Association in 1802. In that letter, referencing the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Jefferson writes: Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between Man & his God, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legitimate powers of government reach actions only, & not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should 'make no law respecting

text: Americans United for Separation of Church and State Americans United for Separation of Church and State (Americans United or AU for short) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that advocates separation of church and state. The separation of church and state is a legal doctrine set forth in the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, which states "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof." Americans United describes itself as officially non-sectarian and non-partisan. According to "The Praeger Handbook of Religion and Education in the United States" "It

text: Separation of church and state in the United States "Separation of church and state" is paraphrased from Thomas Jefferson and used by others in expressing an understanding of the intent and function of the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution which reads: ""Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof..."" The phrase "separation between church & state" is generally traced to a by Thomas Jefferson, addressed to the Danbury Baptist Association in Connecticut, and published in a Massachusetts newspaper. Jefferson wrote, Some argue

title: Separation of church and state

text: Alexis de Tocqueville, another French observer tended to make the same distinction, "In the U.S., from the beginning, politics and religion were in accord, and they have not ceased to be so since." Separation of church and state The separation of church and state is a philosophic and jurisprudential concept for defining political distance in the relationship between religious organizations and the nation state. Conceptually, the term refers to the creation of a secular state (with or without legally explicit church–state separation) and to disestablishment, the changing of an existing, formal relationship between the church and the state. In a

text: definition for the word "religion". Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's "Letter to the Danbury Baptists" to state that "Congress was deprived of all legislative power over mere opinion, but was left free to reach actions which were in violation of social duties or subversive of good order." Considering this, the court ruled that outlawing polygamy was constitutional. Jefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong

text: was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch of the federal government, in an 1802 letter to the Danbury Baptists (a religious minority concerned about the dominant position of the Congregationalist church in Connecticut): Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between man and his god, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legitimate powers of government reach actions only, and not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which

text: religious fundamentalism on the Christian right. and describes himself as a member of the Christian left. Americans United for Separation of Church and State Americans United for Separation of Church and State (Americans United or AU for short) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that advocates separation of church and state. The separation of church and state is a legal doctrine set forth in the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, which states "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof." Americans United describes itself as officially non-sectarian

text: thing that we have in writing in the United States where a group of citizens attests on paper and over their signature the right of the people to follow their own conscience with regard to God - and the inability of government, or the illegality of government, to interfere with that." Given the wide diversity of opinion on Christian theological matters in the newly independent American States, the Constitutional Convention believed a government sanctioned (established) religion would disrupt rather than bind the newly formed union together. George Washington wrote a letter in 1790 to the country's first Jewish congregation, the

text: In contrast to separationism, the Supreme Court of the United States in Zorach v. Clauson upheld accommodationism, holding that the nation's "institutions presuppose a Supreme Being" and that government recognition of God does not constitute the establishment of a state church as the Constitution's authors intended to prohibit.  As such, the Court has not always interpreted the constitutional principle as absolute, and the proper extent of separation between government and religion in the U.S. remains an ongoing subject of impassioned debate.

title: Freedom of religion in the United States

text: wrote that the First Amendment erected a "wall of separation between church and state" likely borrowing the language from Roger Williams, founder of the First Baptist Church in America and the Colony of Rhode Island, who used the phrase in his 1644 book, "The Bloody Tenent of Persecution". James Madison, often regarded as the "Father of the Bill of Rights", also often wrote of the "perfect separation", "line of separation", "strongly guarded as is the separation between religion and government in the Constitution of the United States", and "total separation of the church from the state". Controversy rages in the

text: States. His 1967 article analyzes the inaugural speech of John F. Kennedy: "Considering the separation of church and state, how is a president justified in using the word 'God' at all? The answer is that the separation of church and state has not denied the political realm a religious dimension." Robert S. Wood has argued that the United States is a model for the world in terms of how a separation of church and state—no state-run or state-established church—is good for both the church and the state, allowing a variety of religions to flourish. Speaking at the Toronto-based Center for

text: declared that their "legislature" should "make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof," thus building a "wall of separation" between church and State. Adhering to this expression of the supreme will of the nation in behalf of the rights of conscience, I shall see with sincere satisfaction the progress of those sentiments which tend to restore to man all his natural rights, convinced he has no natural right in opposition to his social duties. Jefferson's letter was in reply to a letter from the Danbury Baptist Association dated October 7, 1801. In an 1808

text: faiths, even perhaps eclipsing the opposition of Roman Catholics. Critics of the modern concept of the "separation of church and state" argue that it is untethered to anything in the text of the constitution and is contrary to the conception of the phrase as the Founding Fathers understood it. Philip Hamburger, Columbia Law school professor and prominent critic of the modern understanding of the concept, maintains that the modern concept, which deviates from the constitutional establishment clause jurisprudence, is rooted in American anti-Catholicism and Nativism. Briefs before the Supreme Court, including by the U.S. government, have argued that some state

title: Separation of church and state

text: law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof." However, the phrase "separation of church and state" itself does not appear in the United States Constitution. The phrase of Jefferson (see above) was quoted by the United States Supreme Court first in 1878, and then in a series of cases starting in 1947. The Supreme Court did not consider the question of how this applied to the states until 1947; when they did, in "Everson v. Board of Education", the court incorporated the establishment clause, determining that it applied to the states and that a law enabling

title: Separation of church and state

text: 18th century, the ideas of Locke and Bayle, in particular the separation of Church and State, became more common, promoted by the philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment. Montesquieu already wrote in 1721 about religious tolerance and a degree of separation between religion and government. Voltaire defended some level of separation but ultimately subordinated the Church to the needs of the State while Denis Diderot, for instance, was a partisan of a strict separation of Church and State, saying ""the distance between the throne and the altar can never be too great"". In English, the exact term is an offshoot

text: by governmental officials as a part of a governmental program to further religious beliefs. For this reason, petitioners argue, the State's use of the Regents' prayer in its public school system breaches the constitutional wall of separation between Church and State. We agree with that contention, since we think that the constitutional prohibition against laws respecting an establishment of religion must at least mean that, in this country, it is no part of the business of government to compose official prayers for any group of the American people to recite as a part of a religious program carried on by

text: to support a religion against one's will, and religious liberty encompasses all religions. In sum, citizens are free to embrace or reject a faith, any support for religion - financial or physical - must be voluntary, and all religions are equal in the eyes of the law with no special preference or favoritism. The First Congress' deliberations show that its understanding of the separation of church and state differed sharply from that of their contemporaries in Europe. As the 19th-century historian Philip Schaff observed: The American separation of church and state rests upon respect for the church; the [European anticlerical]

text: at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state-sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending of church and state together can be pleasing to him?" He also observed that when "church and state are separate, the effects are happy, and they do not at all interfere with each other: but where they have been confounded together, no tongue nor pen can fully describe the mischiefs that have ensued." Thomas Jefferson's influential Virginia Statute for

text: Religious Freedom was enacted in 1786, five years before the Bill of Rights. Most Anglican ministers, and many Anglicans, were Loyalists. The Anglican establishment, where it had existed, largely ceased to function during the American Revolution, though the new States did not formally abolish and replace it until some years after the Revolution. The phrase "[A] hedge or "wall of separation" between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book "The Bloody Tenent of Persecution". The phrase

text: U.S. 145 (1878). In that case, the court examined the history of religious liberty in the US, determining that while the constitution guarantees religious freedom, "The word 'religion' is not defined in the Constitution. We must go elsewhere, therefore, to ascertain its meaning, and nowhere more appropriately, we think, than to the history of the times in the midst of which the provision was adopted." The court found that the leaders in advocating and formulating the constitutional guarantee of religious liberty were James Madison and Thomas Jefferson. Quoting the "separation" paragraph from Jefferson's letter to the Danbury Baptists, the court

title: Separation of church and state

text: an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,' thus building a wall of separation between Church and State. Jefferson was describing to the Baptists that the United States Bill of Rights prevents the establishment of a national church, and in so doing they did not have to fear government interference in their right to expressions of religious conscience. The Bill of Rights, adopted in 1791 as ten amendments to the Constitution of the United States, was one of the earliest political expressions of religious freedom. Others were the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, also authored by Jefferson and

title: Separation of church and state

text: letter, referencing the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Jefferson writes: Another early user of the term was James Madison, the principal drafter of the United States Bill of Rights. In a 1789 debate in the House of Representatives regarding the draft of the First Amendment, the following was said: Madison contended "Because if Religion be exempt from the authority of the Society at large, still less can it be subject to that of the Legislative Body." Several years later he wrote of "total separation of the church from the state." "Strongly guarded as is the separation between Religion

title: Separation of church and state

text: & Govt in the Constitution of the United States", Madison wrote, and he declared, "practical distinction between Religion and Civil Government is essential to the purity of both, and as guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States." In a letter to Edward Livingston Madison further expanded, We are teaching the world the great truth that Govts. do better without Kings & Nobles than with them. The merit will be doubled by the other lesson that Religion flourishes in greater purity, without than with the aid of Govt. This attitude is further reflected in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom,

title: Separation of church and state

text: to as either "national churches" or "state churches", although officially they do not hold such positions. The Lutheran Church does not consider itself a state church, and prefers to use the term "national church". The Finnish Freethinkers Association has criticized the official endorsement of the two churches by the Finnish state, and has campaigned for the separation of church and state. The French version of separation of church and state, called laïcité, is a product of French history and philosophy. It was formalized in a 1905 law providing for the separation of church and state, that is, the separation of

text: the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own faith and judgment; nor shall he ever be obliged to pay tithes, taxes, or any other rate, for the building or repairing any place of worship, or for the maintenance of any minister or ministry, contrary to what he believes to be right, or hath voluntarily engaged to do. No one religious society shall ever be established in this state, in preference to another; nor shall any person be denied the enjoyment of

text: conscience). It then provides: That there shall be "no establishment" of any one religious sect in this Province, in preference to another; and that "no Protestant inhabitant" of this Colony shall be denied the enjoyment of any civil right, merely on account of his religious principles; but that all persons, professing a belief in the faith of "any Protestant sect", who shall demean themselves peaceably under the government, as hereby established, shall be capable of being elected into any office of profit or trust, or being a member of either branch of the Legislature, and shall fully and freely enjoy

title: Religion and politics in the United States

text: political principle which advocates derive from the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, which reads, "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof". The phrase "separation of church and state", which does not appear in the Constitution itself, is generally traced to an 1802 letter by Thomas Jefferson to the Danbury Baptists, where Jefferson spoke of the combined effect of the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment. It has since been quoted in several opinions handed down by the United States Supreme Court. Robert N. Bellah

text: "Strongly guarded as is the separation between Religion & Govt in the Constitution of the United States," Madison wrote, and he declared, "practical distinction between Religion and Civil Government is essential to the purity of both, and as guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States." In a letter to Edward Livingston Madison further expanded, "We are teaching the world the great truth that Govts. do better without Kings & Nobles than with them. The merit will be doubled by the other lesson that Religion flourishes in greater purity, without than with the aid of Govt." Madison's original draft of

title: Laïcité

text: everyone who is not clergy. After the French Revolution this meaning changed and it came to mean keeping religion separate from the executive, judicial, and legislative branches of government. This includes prohibitions on having a state religion, as well as for the government to endorse any religious position, be it a religion or atheism. Although the term was current throughout the 19th century, France did not fully separate church and state until the passage of its 1905 law on the separation of the Churches and the State, prohibiting the state from recognizing or funding any religion. The notion of laïcité


question: why did ric flair go back to wcw

answers: February 1993

title: Ric Flair

text: Sting, recreating the second match of "Nitro" in 1995. Nevertheless, Flair has repeatedly stated in various interviews how happy he was when WCW finally closed down, although at the same time the fact that many people would lose their jobs saddened him. After an eight-month hiatus from wrestling, Flair made a return to the WWF in November 2001. Flair reappeared on "Raw" following the end of the "WCW/ECW Invasion" that culminated in a "Winner Take All" match at Survivor Series won by the WWF. Flair's new on-screen role was that of the co-owner of the WWF, with the explanation that

title: Ric Flair

text: retain the WCW World Heavyweight Championship. In the spring of 1991, Flair had a contract dispute with WCW president Jim Herd, who wanted him to take a substantial pay cut. Flair had resigned as head booker in February 1990 and Herd wanted to reduce Flair's role in the promotion even further, despite the fact that Flair was still a top draw. According to Flair, Herd also proposed changes in his appearance and ring name (i.e. by shaving his hair, wearing a diamond earring and going by the name Spartacus) in order to "change with the times". Flair disagreed with the

title: History of World Championship Wrestling

text: Lord Steven Regal to replace him alongside Austin. Of course, Anderson and Roma won the titles, and the Blonds, an immensely popular tag team with fans, were inexplicably broken up permanently. Clash of the Champions XXIV saw WCW's reputation take another hit. In 1993, Ric Flair returned to WCW from his WWF tenure, but was constrained by a no-compete clause from his WWF contract. In response, WCW gave him a talk show segment on its television shows called "A Flair for the Gold," in the mold of the old "Piper's Pit" segments from 1980s WWF programming starring "Rowdy" Roddy Piper.

title: History of World Championship Wrestling

text: Ric Flair for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship. The two had worked for the WWF at the same time from 1991 to 1992, and a feud was teased between them, but the big-money match originally planned for WrestleMania VIII was changed to Flair/Savage and Hogan/Sid. When WCW delivered the match, the event drew a high buyrate by WCW standards due to mainstream intrigue and hype. Despite being a critical and financial success, the glory would not last, as the Hogan/Flair feud would only result in one more match (at Halloween Havoc) and the hope for long-term effects on pay-per-view buyrates

title: Ric Flair

text: reconciled and were friends until Sammartino's passing in 2018. Ric Flair Richard Morgan Fliehr (born February 25, 1949), better known as Ric Flair, is an American professional wrestling manager and retired professional wrestler signed to WWE under its Legends program. Described by many sources as the greatest professional wrestler of all time and the best American performer of the 1980s, Flair had a career that spanned 40 years. He is noted for his tenures with Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, later WWE) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). Since the mid-1970s, he

title: WrestleWar (1989)

text: of confusion, which caused Steiner to deliver a Lariat, which he called "Steiner-Line", to Sullivan, allowing Gilbert to pin Sullivan with a Sunset Flip to retain the titles. After winning the NWA World Heavyweight Championship from Ricky Steamboat at WrestleWar, Ric Flair became a fan favorite as he showed respect to Steamboat after the match. Flair began a rivalry with Terry Funk because Funk attacked Flair for turning down Funk's challenge for a title shot. This resulted in a severe potentially career-ending injury for Flair. On July 1 edition of "World Championship Wrestling", Flair announced that he would not retire

title: History of World Championship Wrestling

text: Ric Flair vs. Sting match gained more viewers than WrestleMania; the epic match also made Sting a top player for WCW. By the end of 1988, Rhodes was booking cards seemingly at random, and planning at one point to have mid-card wrestler Rick Steiner defeat Ric Flair in a five-minute match at Starrcade for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. After Starrcade '88, Rhodes was fired by the promotion after an angle he booked on November 26, where Road Warrior Animal pulled a spike out of his shoulder pad and jammed it in Rhodes's eye busting it wide open, despite a

title: David Flair

text: discuss things inside the ring, Kevin Nash appeared on the Turnertron and told Ric that he has his son David in his locker room. Nash told Ric that his number one priority was to become the number one contender to the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, which was held by Scott Steiner. His number two priority was getting a rematch for Dustin Rhodes against Rick Steiner, who was WCW U.S. Champion at the time. Nash felt like Ric had wronged Rhodes, and he felt Rhodes could beat Steiner in a rematch. Out of concern for his son's safety, Ric granted all

title: Ric Flair

text: Ric Flair Richard Morgan Fliehr (born February 25, 1949), better known as Ric Flair, is an American professional wrestling manager and retired professional wrestler signed to WWE under its Legends program. Described by many sources as the greatest professional wrestler of all time and the best American performer of the 1980s, Flair had a career that spanned 40 years. He is noted for his tenures with Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, later WWE) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). Since the mid-1970s, he has used the moniker "The Nature Boy". A major

title: Ric Flair

title: Ric Flair

text: Horsemen, he is also a member of the NWA Hall of Fame, Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame, and Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame. Flair is officially recognized by WWE as a 16-time world champion (eight-time NWA World Heavyweight Champion, six-time WCW World Heavyweight Champion, and two-time WWF Champion), although the number of his world championship reigns varies by source, ranging from 16 to 25. He has claimed to be a 21-time champion. He was the first holder of the WCW World Heavyweight Championship and the WCW International World Heavyweight Championship (which he also held last). As the inaugural WCW

title: Ric Flair

title: Ric Flair

text: proposals and two weeks before The Great American Bash, Herd fired him and vacated the WCW World Heavyweight Championship. While Flair had left for the WWF, he was still recognized as the NWA World Heavyweight Champion until September 8, when the title was officially vacated. Flair signed with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in September 1991 and began appearing on television with the Big Gold Belt, calling himself "The Real World Champion". Led by his "financial adviser" Bobby Heenan and his "executive consultant" Mr. Perfect, Flair repeatedly issued challenges to WWF wrestlers like "Rowdy" Roddy Piper and Hulk Hogan, wrestling

title: History of World Championship Wrestling

text: Ottman to trip and stumble. By November 1993, WCW decided to once again base the promotion around Ric Flair. This was seen as more or less a necessity after prospective top babyface Sid Vicious was involved in an incident with Arn Anderson (which resulted in hospitalization of both men) while on tour in England eight weeks before Starrcade and was fired. Flair then placed his career on the line against Big Van Vader for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship. Flair won the title at Starrcade and was once again made booker. That did not stop WCW from suffering massive financial

title: Dave Sullivan (wrestler)

text: Jack left. Hulk Hogan made his WCW debut that summer, and Sullivan became his biggest fan. Kevin hated Hogan, and problems started brewing. Sullivan started teaming with Hogan and Sting against Ric Flair and his henchmen, and Kevin soon turned on Dave, which started a feud that went into 1995. After his feud with Kevin ended, Dave fell in love with Kimberly, the valet of Diamond Dallas Page. Page took offense to this and started a feud with Dave that lasted all summer. During this feud, Dave gave Kimberly presents, which infuriated Page even more. Sullivan eventually lost the feud

title: Jim Herd

text: sham because Flair still had the actual title belt (they had to resort to taping World Champion on one of Dusty Rhodes's old belts due to their new WCW World title belt not being ready in time and giving it to Luger after winning the match) and was never beaten for it, thus the "real world champion" angle the WWF created upon Flair's arrival had legitimacy and the NWA suffered tremendously. Many wrestling insiders look at this incident as the major reason why Vince McMahon took the WWF Championship title belt off of the soon-to-be departing Bret Hart at the

title: Dusty Rhodes (wrestler)

text: disqualifying Windham and awarding the match to Malenko. Bischoff then fired Rhodes. He left WCW in 2000 and went to Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) where he put over former ECW World Champion, "King of Old School" Steve Corino. Rhodes returned once more to WCW, re-igniting his feud with Ric Flair. After both WCW and ECW were bought by WWE (WWF), Rhodes went to compete in his own promotion, Turnbuckle Championship Wrestling with ex-WCW and ECW superstars in the Georgia, Florida and Tennessee. During this time he feuded with Terry Funk and Steve Corino in other territories. In 2002, Rhodes competed

title: Ric Flair

text: as a wrestler and part-time manager for Vader in 1995 (explained on-air by having Flair nag Hogan for months until Hogan and Savage both petitioned WCW management to let Flair come back). On April 29, 1995, Flair wrestled Antonio Inoki in front of 190,000 spectators in Pyongyang, North Korea at the May Day Stadium in a losing effort under a joint show between New Japan Pro Wrestling and World Championship Wrestling. The event was broadcast on August 4, 1995 on pay-per-view under the title of Collision in Korea. In the fall of 1995, Flair began a short feud with Arn

title: Double Tables

text: open challenges to the champions of both WWF and WCW and began criticizing Ric Flair on television, saying "Flair is dead" while claiming his new stable The Triple Threat was better than the Four Horsemen past and present. These statements got the attention of one of the original Horsemen, Tully Blanchard, who decided it was time to silence the new so-called "franchise" of professional wrestling. Cactus Jack was busy defending the throne of hardcore against the newest contender, the Sandman. Paul E. Dangerously's team of Sabu and The Tazmaniac had been chasing the ECW Tag Team Titles held by Public

title: Clash of the Champions

text: It was reported that Ric Flair, who lost the WCW World Title to Savage one day prior, threatened to quit WCW unless the finish to the main event (Hogan pinning Flair with the legdrop) was changed. At the event, Flair pinned Savage after use of a foreign object. Live reports claim 75% of the crowd left during the dark match that closed the show. August 15, 1996 in Denver, Colorado (Denver Coliseum) Ric Flair was the WCW United States Heavyweight Champion at the time, making the match champion vs. champion, but his title was not on the line. January 21,

title: The New Blood

text: best friend Chris Kanyon. Ric Flair's wrestling career was ended by Vince Russo and David Flair in a handicap match, with Flair's daughter Meghan throwing the towel in; Ric and son Reid had their heads shaved after the loss. Sting suffered major injuries (storyline) after being set on fire and tossed off the TurnerVision scaffolding by Vampiro. Hollywood Hulk Hogan suffered injuries (storyline) after being put through a table by Bill Goldberg. Hogan was later publicly fired from WCW by Vince Russo during an in-ring promo. Jim Duggan suffered internal bleeding (storyline) and was stretchered out of the ring following

title: The Great American Bash (1988)

text: As a result, Flair retained the title. Jim Crockett Promotions was suffering a downfall and was losing the competition against their main rivals, the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). In November 1988, the promotion was sold to media mogul Ted Turner and was replaced with a new promotion World Championship Wrestling (WCW). Ric Flair and Lex Luger continued their rivalry for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. Luger received a rematch for the title at Starrcade, when Flair defeated Luger again to retain the title. After defeating The Fantastics for the NWA United States Tag Team Championship at The Great American Bash,

title: History of World Championship Wrestling

text: the WCW World title to Lex Luger, as he had already promised to drop it to Sting, who himself had been injured earlier in the year. Flair was eventually replaced by Ole Anderson. Despite this influx of talent, WCW soon began working to gradually incorporate much of the glamour and showy gimmicks for which the WWF was better known. Virtually none of these stunts—such as the live cross-promotional appearance of RoboCop at Capital Combat in May 1990, the Chamber of Horrors gimmick, and the notorious Black Scorpion storyline—succeeded. In addition, house shows were also dropping to record lows after Ole

title: Ric Flair

text: draws. In June 1994 at "Clash of the Champions XXVII", Flair defeated Sting in a unification match, merging the WCW International World Heavyweight Championship with the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, and solidifying his heel turn. After becoming the unified and undisputed WCW champion, Flair feuded with Hulk Hogan upon Hogan's arrival in WCW in June 1994, losing the WCW World Heavyweight Championship to him in July at Bash at the Beach. Flair continued to feud with Hogan and finally lost to Hogan in a steel cage retirement match at Halloween Havoc. Flair took a few months off afterwards before returning

title: Ric Flair

text: Orlando, Florida, losing to Shawn Michaels. The match was lauded by fans and critics and was voted the 2008 "Pro Wrestling Illustrated" (PWI) Match of the Year. Flair's fight to keep his career going garnered him the 2008 "PWI" "Most Inspirational Wrestler of the Year" award. On the March 31, 2008 episode of "Raw", Flair delivered his farewell address. Afterward, Triple H brought out many current and retired superstars to thank Flair for all he has done, including Shawn Michaels, some of the Four Horsemen, Harley Race, and Chris Jericho, followed by The Undertaker and then Vince McMahon. Along with

title: The J-Tex Corporation

text: match in September after using a blackjack. He held the title for four months before losing to Arn Anderson in January 1990. Also at the 1989 Great American Bash, Ric Flair faced Terry Funk in the main event. After retaining his NWA title, Flair was attacked by Muta post-match. Sting came to Flair's rescue which, given their fierce rivalry the year prior, was an amazing surprise to fans. Sting and Flair feuded with Funk and Muta for the rest of the year in one of the NWA's most memorable battles, including a Thunderdome match called by Bruno Sammartino at Halloween

title: David Flair

text: to help Hogan win their WCW World Title match. He did not wrestle for a while but did appear in vignettes with Samantha (Torrie Wilson) while he was training at the WCW Power Plant. Flair started to wrestle a regular schedule in May 1999. He made up with his father who then had the Four Horsemen help Flair win matches. Ric, being the on-screen WCW President, stripped WCW United States Champion Scott Steiner of his title and awarded it to Flair. On July 11, Flair defeated Dean Malenko, with the help of Ric and Arn Anderson, to keep the title

title: Lex Luger

text: again began to challenge Ric Flair for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship after becoming No.1 contender by defeating The Great Muta on the June 14, 1991 of "Clash of the Champions". Luger's title match against Flair was set to be contested at The Great American Bash in a steel cage match with the added stipulation that, should Flair get disqualified he would lose the title. The match never occurred, however, as Flair began to have disagreements with Jim Herd, the head of WCW, over his future and salary. He eventually quit the company (being "stripped" of the title in the

title: The Four Horsemen (professional wrestling)

text: own ways. In May 1991, Sid left for the WWF. Flair was fired from WCW in early July and was in the WWF by August. Windham was part of a double turn at "The Great American Bash" shortly after Flair's firing, where he lost to Lex Luger in a match for the vacant WCW world championship (Windham became a face, Luger a heel). Anderson went on to form a tag team with Larry Zbyszko called The Enforcers and later became part of the Paul E. Dangerously-led Dangerous Alliance with Zbyszko, Rick Rude, Madusa, Bobby Eaton, and Steve Austin. Anderson and

title: Ric Flair

text: American Bash, but the two continued to feud through the summer and eventually Flair reformed The Four Horsemen, with the surprise addition of longtime rival Sting, to combat Funk's J-Tex Corporation. This led to an "I Quit" match at "" which Flair won. Flair then kicked Sting out of The Four Horsemen upon his challenge for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship, resulting in a revived feud between the two. On July 7, 1990, Flair dropped the title to Sting at The Great American Bash. After being unmasked as The Black Scorpion at Starrcade in 1990, Flair regained the title from

title: Ric Flair

long_answer: Flair triumphantly returned to WCW as a hero in February 1993, as a result of a "no-compete" clause he was unable to wrestle, so he hosted a short-lived talk show in WCW called A Flair for the Gold. Arn Anderson usually appeared at the bar on the show's set, and Flair's maid Fifi cleaned or bore gifts. Once he returned to action, Flair briefly held the NWA World Heavyweight Championship for a tenth time after defeating Barry Windham at Beach Blast before WCW finally left the NWA in September 1993. At Fall Brawl, Flair lost the title, now rebranded the WCW International World Heavyweight Championship, to "Ravishing Rick" Rude. At Starrcade in 1993, Flair defeated Vader to win the WCW World Heavyweight title for the second time. In the spring of 1994, Flair began a tweener turn and started another feud with longtime rival Ricky Steamboat and challenged Steamboat to a match at Spring Stampede which ended in a no contest from a double pin, causing the title to be held up. Flair then defeated Steamboat in a rematch to reclaim the held-up title on an episode of WCW Saturday Night. The WWE does not count this victory as a new title win. Flair then challenged Col. Robert Parker to wrestle one of his men at Slamboree, which turned out to be Barry Windham, whom Flair defeated, afterwards he quietly turned heel and took Sherri Martel as his manager. He would also wrestle Lord Steven Regal in a five-match series under Marquess of Queensberry Rules, which aired on WCW Worldwide between April 30 and May 28, in which Flair won the series, with 2 wins, 1 loss, and 2 draws.


question: who plays david in alvin and the chipmunks

answers: Jason Lee

title: Ross Bagdasarian Sr.

text: Ross Bagdasarian Sr. Rostom "Ross" Sipan Bagdasarian (January 27, 1919 – January 16, 1972), better known by the stage name David Seville, was an American singer-songwriter and actor, best known for creating the novelty musical group The Chipmunks (now better known as "Alvin and the Chipmunks"). Initially a stage and film actor, he rose to prominence in 1958 with the songs "Witch Doctor" and "The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)", which both became "Billboard" number-one singles. He produced and directed "The Alvin Show", which aired on CBS in 1961–62. Rostom Sipan Bagdasarian was born in Fresno, California to Armenian

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: Also one episode of "The Alvin Show" from the 1960s was released. Alvin and the Chipmunks Alvin and the Chipmunks, originally David Seville and the Chipmunks or simply the Chipmunks, is an American animated music group created by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. for a novelty record in 1958. The group consists of three singing animated anthropomorphic chipmunks: Alvin, the mischievous troublemaker, who quickly became the star of the group; Simon, the tall, bespectacled intellectual; and Theodore, the chubby, impressionable sweetheart. The trio is managed by their human adoptive father, David (Dave) Seville. In reality, "David Seville" was Bagdasarian's stage name, and

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks in film

text: Alvin and the Chipmunks in film The fictional animated singing group Alvin and the Chipmunks created by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. have appeared in eight feature-length films since their debut. When David Seville goes off to Europe on a business trip, the Chipmunks, Alvin, Simon and Theodore, are left at home with their babysitter, Miss Beatrice Miller. While the three are playing an arcade game of "Around the World in Thirty Days" with the Chipettes, Alvin and Brittany argue over which would win an actual race around the world, since Brittany beat Alvin in the video game. Diamond smugglers Claudia and

title: David Seville

text: singing group and Bagdasarian's music producer "Dave". Bagdasarian would go on to create "The Alvin Show", based on the Alvin and the Chipmunks group, where he voiced the semi-fictional character David Seville, based largely on himself, with Alvin based on Ross's sometimes rebellious son Adam. Bagdasarian Sr. died in 1972, and his son (Adam's brother) Ross Bagdasarian Jr. took over ownership of Bagdasarian Productions. He reprised the David Seville character, first in a series of novelty albums beginning with 1980's "Chipmunk Punk". Bagdasarian Jr. subsequently assumed the role on the TV series "Alvin and the Chipmunks", which ran in original

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: Alvin and the Chipmunks Alvin and the Chipmunks, originally David Seville and the Chipmunks or simply the Chipmunks, is an American animated music group created by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. for a novelty record in 1958. The group consists of three singing animated anthropomorphic chipmunks: Alvin, the mischievous troublemaker, who quickly became the star of the group; Simon, the tall, bespectacled intellectual; and Theodore, the chubby, impressionable sweetheart. The trio is managed by their human adoptive father, David (Dave) Seville. In reality, "David Seville" was Bagdasarian's stage name, and the Chipmunks themselves are named after the executives of their original record

title: David Seville

text: association with Bagdasarian Productions, which owns the rights to all of the characters. David Seville David "Dave" Seville is a fictional character, the producer and manager of the fictional singing group "Alvin and the Chipmunks". The character was created by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. Bagdasarian had used the name "David Seville" as his stage name prior to the creation of the Chipmunks, while writing and recording novelty records in the 1950s. One of the records, recorded under the David Seville stage name, was "Witch Doctor", featuring a sped-up high-pitched vocal technique that Bagdasarian would later use in "The Chipmunk Song (Christmas

title: Alvin's Harmonica

text: Alvin's Harmonica "Alvin's Harmonica" is a song from the fictional musical group, Alvin and the Chipmunks, which also features additional vocals by Ross Bagdasarian, Sr. who plays David Seville in the song. The song was released as the second single from the group's debut album, "Let's All Sing with the Chipmunks" in 1958. Like "Witch Doctor" and "The Chipmunk Song", it was adapted as one of the musical segments featured in "The Alvin Show". In the song, Alvin is playing his harmonica, when David Seville orders Alvin to stop playing that instrument and sing with the Chipmunks. When Alvin does

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: first cousin who appeared in the second film. Toby is a slacker who loves to play video games and still lives with his grandmother and Dave's aunt, Jackie Seville, until he figures out what he wants to do with his life. Toby's immaturity keeps him from acting like an adult (although he seems to take on some responsibility in the middle of the film), and he has a crush on the Chipmunks' homeroom and music teacher, Julie Ortega (Erika Casanova), ever since he went to the same school as the Chipmunks. He is played by "Chuck" star Zachary Levi. Zoe

title: David Seville

text: David Seville David "Dave" Seville is a fictional character, the producer and manager of the fictional singing group "Alvin and the Chipmunks". The character was created by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. Bagdasarian had used the name "David Seville" as his stage name prior to the creation of the Chipmunks, while writing and recording novelty records in the 1950s. One of the records, recorded under the David Seville stage name, was "Witch Doctor", featuring a sped-up high-pitched vocal technique that Bagdasarian would later use in "The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)", which would introduce both Alvin and the Chipmunks as a

title: David Seville

text: Actor Jason Lee also portrays David Seville in a series of films about Alvin and the Chipmunks which uses a combination of live-action acting and computer animation.  While Ross Bagdasarian, Jr. does not do any voices for the film series, the films are all produced in association with Bagdasarian Productions, which owns the rights to all of the characters.

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: the musical trio and Chipmunks' adoptive father and confidant. While Dave struggles to remain calm and objective, Alvin often irritates him, causing Dave to yell "Alvin!", to which Alvin (sometimes) responds with "Okay!" Dave plays piano and the guitar. He has short black hair and brown eyes. In the original incarnations of the group (including the original recordings and "The Alvin Show") he is portrayed by Alvin and the Chipmunks creator Ross Bagdasarian Sr. In the 1983–1990 revival of the show, he is portrayed by Ross Bagdasarian Jr., the son of the original creator. For the series of films produced

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: an apology, during his client's album release, finally mending the ruined proposal of Dave's coworker. Back to Los Angeles, Dave adopts the boys, and is last seen yelling Alvin's name after he finds his home wrecked. Ian is played by comedian David Cross, and serves as the main antagonist in the first two films. He is Dave's friend-turned rival and former college roommate, and serves as the CEO of Jett Records in the first film. One day, the Chipmunks sneak off to his home to audition, whereupon he automatically signs them on to the label. He rockets them to the

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: hurt when he is criticized for his chubby physique. This also applies to Eleanor, but she is able to stand for herself and wishes that Theodore would do the same. Like his brothers, he was originally voiced by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. In the animated series and film, his voice was provided by Janice Karman, Ross Bagdasarian Jr.'s wife and the voice of all three Chipettes. Jesse McCartney voiced Theodore in the live-action/animated film series. Brittany is the lead singer and is the leader of the Chipettes and is the female counterpart of Alvin. She wears pink attire and has red

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel

text: and was released in theaters on December 23, 2009 by 20th Century Fox. The film grossed $443.1 million on a $70 million budget. During a benefit concert in Paris, France, David Seville is seriously injured from a backstage accident, when a cardboard cutout of Alvin sends him flying across the stage. Having to recuperate there, Dave asks his aunt, Jackie, to look after the Chipmunks, Alvin, Simon, and Theodore. Arrangements are also made for them to go to public school at West Eastman High School. After Jackie also has an accident, the Chipmunks are left in the care of Toby,

title: Little Alvin and the Mini-Munks

text: Little Alvin and the Mini-Munks Little Alvin and the Mini-Munks is a 2004 direct-to-video film based on the Chipmunks' 1983-1990 television series, "Alvin and the Chipmunks". It was written and created by Janice Karman, produced by Ross Bagdasarian, and directed by Jerry Rees. It was produced by Bagdasarian Productions, and was released on DVD in 2004 by Paramount Home Entertainment. It features puppetry used for the Chipmunks and the Chipettes. This is to date, the Chipmunks' last direct-to-video movie and the first live action/animated film starring Alvin and the Chipmunks. The movie opens with La-Lu, a friend of David Seville,

title: Chipmunk Punk

text: To The Movies". Chipmunk creator/producer Ross Bagdasarian Sr. (also known as David Seville), who also provided the voices for the characters, died of a heart attack in 1972, bringing all Chipmunk activity to an abrupt halt. Though this release followed a long dormancy record-wise, the characters had returned to public view via Saturday morning repeats of the cartoon series "The Alvin Show" on NBC in 1979. The album sparked a second run of the characters and led to another Saturday morning cartoon series, "Alvin and the Chipmunks", which began in 1983 and also aired on NBC. The album met mixed

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks in film

text: Alvin's been watching too many horror films at night. Alvin says that it is because their new neighbor, Lawrence Talbot, creeps him out and speculates that he is hiding something. Theodore is having trouble with Nathan, a bully, and will not go to the principal, who plans to retire due to Alvin's daily mishaps, for help; Alvin sticks up for him, however. La-Lu, a friend of David Seville, has put up a banner saying "Welcome Chipmunks" on the porch of her magic cottage. One of her friends, Gilda (a talking pessimistic cockatoo) believes that having children around is a bad

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: and film, he was voiced by Ross Bagdasarian Jr. Justin Long voiced Alvin in the live-action/animated film series. On July 30, 2002, Alvin was No. 44 on TV Guide's list of "Top 50 Best Cartoon Characters of All Time". His personality was based on one of Ross Jr.'s brothers, Adam Bagdasarian, who had a rebellious streak. Simon is the middle child and the tallest of the Chipmunks. In addition to having an IQ just north of Einstein, Simon possesses a dry sense of humor as well as keen wit. He wears glasses and blue attire, and has blue eyes (a

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: and she is also skilled in cooking, and like him, she is the drummer for the Chipettes. Eleanor often stands up to Brittany when she pushes Jeanette around, but she loves her big sister and is always willing to forgive. She seems to have affection for Theodore and they are the two most open about their relationship. Like him, Eleanor is sensitive about her weight and doesn't like to be insulted for it, but she often stands up for herself and wishes to help Theodore gain self-confidence. David "Dave" Seville is a quick-tempered yet kind and somewhat insecure songwriter for

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks in film

text: singing talent. Seeing the opportunity for success, both human and chipmunks make a pact for them to sing his songs. While that ambition proves a frustrating struggle with the difficult trio, the dream does come true after all. However, that success presents its own trials as their unscrupulous record executive, Ian Hawke (David Cross), plans to break up this family to exploit the boys. Can Dave and the Chipmunks discover what they really value amid the superficial glamour around them? Pop sensations Alvin (Justin Long), Simon (Matthew Gray Gubler) and Theodore (Jesse McCartney) end up in the care of Dave

title: The Chipmunk Adventure

text: The Chipmunk Adventure The Chipmunk Adventure is a 1987 American animated musical fantasy adventure comedy film featuring the characters from NBC's Saturday morning cartoon "Alvin and the Chipmunks". The film, directed by Janice Karman and written by Karman and Ross Bagdasarian, stars the voices of Karman, Bagdasarian, and Dody Goodman, and follows the Chipmunks and the Chipettes as they go on a hot air balloon race around the world that is the cover for a diamond smuggling ring. When their guardian Dave Seville goes to Europe on business, the Chipmunks—Alvin, Simon, and Theodore—are left home in Los Angeles with their

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks in film

text: idea. PC (a talking laid back frog with a surfer dude accent who believes he is one kiss away from being Prince Charming) says that his mom used to say "nothing warms up a home like children's laughter". Dave arrives with Alvin, Brittany, Simon, Jeanette, Theodore, and Eleanor. Dave needs the weekend to himself to write a new song, and La-Lu is happy to have five pre-schoolers and a baby stay with her and her friends. Sam and Lou, two gophers, report to the viewers at home about the feelings the characters are experiencing via going into their heads and

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks (film)

text: purchases it as a Christmas tree, the Chipmunks meet the struggling songwriter and composer, David Seville, who has had his latest song rejected by the company's chief executive, Ian Hawke, his former college roommate and best friend, who claims that there is "no sense in writing songs that no one is ever going to sing." Dave also once had a relationship with his next door neighbor, Claire Wilson. In the process of escaping the JETT building, the Chipmunks hop into a basket of muffins Dave stole from one of Ian's coworkers, and follow him home. Once there, Dave discovers the

title: Let's All Sing with The Chipmunks

text: Let's All Sing with The Chipmunks Let’s All Sing With the Chipmunks is the debut album of Alvin and the Chipmunks. It is an interactive children's novelty album. The songs on the record are a mixture between cover versions of children's songs in the public domain and customized original musical material. It contains the A-sides of the Chipmunks' first three singles: "The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)", "Alvin's Harmonica" and "Ragtime Cowboy Joe". The artist credit on the original release was listed as David Seville and the Chipmunks (changed to "Alvin, Simon and Theodore with David Seville" on the

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks (2015 TV series)

text: The Chipettes' new looks resembling the iMunk looks. The show serves as an update of the 1980s series utilizing the same theme song, voice actors Ross Bagdasarian, Jr. and Janice Karman, and format with each episode having a song. The series producers are Ross Bagdasarian, Jr., Janice Karman, Sandrine Nguyen, and Boris Hertzog from the American production company Bagdasarian Productions and French Companies OuiDo! Productions and Moonscoop. OuiDo! Productions and Moonscoop handles the animation and storyboards, with Bagdasarian Productions in charge of voices and music. PGS Entertainment acquired the rights for media outside the United States and France in August

title: Ross Bagdasarian Jr.

text: Ruby-Spears Productions' "Alvin and the Chipmunks" Saturday morning cartoon series debuted on NBC. Based on that series, a feature film, "The Chipmunk Adventure" was released in 1987. Bagdasarian voices Alvin, Simon, and Dave Seville, and Karman voices Theodore and The Chipettes (Brittany, Jeanette, and Eleanor). Bagdasarian and Karman hold tight creative and financial control over the "Chipmunk" franchise, reviewing each and every business contract in great detail. In the mid-90s, Bagdasarian bought the "Chipmunk" rights from brother Adam and a sister (a stay-at-home mother), to take complete control. Bagdasarian licensed the rights to the Chipmunk characters to Universal Pictures in

title: A Chipmunk Christmas

text: A Chipmunk Christmas A Chipmunk Christmas is an animated Christmas television special based on characters from "Alvin and the Chipmunks". Produced by Bagdasarian Productions in association with Chuck Jones Enterprises, it first aired on NBC December 14, 1981, nine years after the death of "Alvin and the Chipmunks" creator Ross Bagdasarian, Sr. (also known as David Seville). This was the first time that Alvin, Simon and David Seville were voiced by Ross Bagdasarian, Jr. and the first time that Theodore was voiced by Janice Karman. The special starts out with a doctor visiting the family of a sick boy named

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel

text: to see the Chipmunks again. Meanwhile, Ian is further exposed at the concert of Staples Center he set up for the girls when he attempts to imitate them, only for him to be taken away by security guards. After the contest, Dave allows the Chipettes to stay with them. In the mid-credits scene, Dr. Rubin has the jocks scrape the gum off from under the bleachers in the gymnasium as punishment for making Alvin late for the sing-off. In the post-credits scene, Ian is thrown into a dumpster. The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 20% of 83 critics have

title: Justin Long

text: He was also a regular on the NBC TV series "Ed" (2000–04), playing socially awkward Warren P. Cheswick. He voiced the character of Alvin in "Alvin and the Chipmunks", "", "", and "". He also played the main character in the comedy film "Accepted" (2006). Long made a guest appearance in the documentary, "" (2006). In 2007, he co-starred with Bruce Willis as a "white-hat hacker" in "Live Free or Die Hard" and had a role in the comedy "The Sasquatch Gang". Long is known for his depiction of a Mac in Apple's "Get a Mac" campaign. The campaign featured

title: Alvin and the Chipmunks

text: and has green eyes (brown in the CGI animated series). Theodore often holds the swing vote between his two brothers' choices of action: Simon appeals to Theodore's better nature while Alvin goes straight to bribery. He has a big appetite, constantly craving snacks and in one episode, Theodore tried to eat Alvin's hand because of his hunger. He plays the drums, the guitar, and other instruments. In vocal harmonies, his voice is typically the highest. He is fragile yet unpredictable and not very brave, but he will put on a brave face when his brothers are in trouble. At times,

title: David Seville


question: where was the first cell phone call made

answers: April 3, 1973

title: Martin Cooper (inventor)

text: portable cell phone." That public demonstration landed the DynaTAC on the July 1973 cover of "Popular Science" Magazine. As Cooper recalls from the experience: "I made numerous calls, including one where I crossed the street while talking to a New York radio reporter – probably one of the most dangerous things I have ever done in my life." That first cell phone began a fundamental technology and communications market shift to making phone calls to a person instead of to a place. Bell Labs had introduced the idea of cellular communications in 1947, but their first systems were limited to

title: Martin Cooper (inventor)

text: passers-by prior to walking into a scheduled press conference at the New York Hilton in midtown Manhattan. Standing on Sixth avenue near the Hilton, Cooper made the first handheld cellular phone call in public from the prototype DynaTAC. The call connected him to a base station Motorola had installed on the roof of the Burlington House (now the AllianceBernstein Building) and into the AT&T land-line telephone system. Reporters and onlookers watched as Cooper dialed the number of his chief competitor Dr. Joel S. Engel at ATT. "Joel, this is Marty. I'm calling you from a cell phone, a real handheld

title: 9-1-1

text: well with the phone systems in place at the time (which 999 would not). At the time, this announcement only affected the Bell System telephone companies; independent phone companies were not included in the emergency telephone plan. However, Bob Gallagher of the Alabama Telephone Company decided he wanted to implement it ahead of AT&T, and the company chose Haleyville, Alabama, as the location. On February 16, 1968, Alabama Speaker of the House Rankin Fite placed the first-ever 9-1-1 call from Haleyville City Hall, to Congressman Tom Bevill, at the city's police station. Bevill was accompanied by Gallagher and Alabama Public

title: Telephone call

text: Telephone call A telephone call is a connection over a telephone network between the called party and the calling party.081823314 The first telephone call was made on March 10, 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell. Bell demonstrated his ability to "talk with electricity" by transmitting a call to his assistant, Thomas Watson. The first words transmitted were "Mr Watson, come here. I want to see you." This event has been called Bell's "greatest success", as it demonstrated the first successful use of the telephone. Although it was his greatest success, he refused to have one in his own home because it

title: Bell Mobility

text: are generally the same as offered by the other two large carriers in Canada, Rogers Wireless and Telus Mobility. Due to the age of the technology as deployed by Bell, CDMA smartphones are no longer sold by Bell Mobility. The first cell phone conversation in Canada took place on the Bell network between Jean Drapeau and Art Eggleton, the mayors of Montreal and Toronto, on July 1, 1985. The first cell phone customer in Canada was Victor Surerus, a travelling funeral director out of Peterborough, Ontario who purchased a $2,700 CAD telephone set and took out a service subscription with

title: Motorola DynaTAC

text: the system called AMPS, while others designed cell phones for that and other cellular systems. Martin Cooper, a former general manager for the systems division at Motorola, led a team that produced the DynaTAC 8000x, the first commercially available cellular phone small enough to be easily carried, and made the first phone call from it. Martin Cooper was the first person to make an analog cellular mobile phone call on a prototype in 1973. The Motorola DynaTAC 8000x was very large compared to phones today. This first cell phone was very expensive when it was released in the USA in

title: Invention of the telephone

text: Bell on January 30, 1877. The sounds were weak and could only be heard when the ear was close to the earphone/mouthpiece, but they were distinct. The first long distance telephone call was made on August 10, 1876, by Bell from the family homestead in Brantford, Ontario, to his assistant located in Paris, Ontario, some 10 miles (16 km) apart. Bell exhibited a working telephone at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia in June 1876, where it attracted the attention of Brazilian emperor Pedro II plus the physicist and engineer Sir William Thomson (who would later be ennobled as the 1st

title: Sintaluta

text: mayors such as Bill Troughton, Ken Krausharr, David Damm and current mayor, Keith Rathgeber. Another first for the town was when in 1945, Bell Telephone celebrated its 70th anniversary. There was a resident in town, whose name was John Miller. He was 91 years old at the time. He received a call from Paris, Ontario, that was sent by the mayor of the city. It was congratulating him on being the oldest person from Western Canada who heard the first message sent over the Bell Telephone when he was 21 years old. Sintaluta once was home to seven elevator companies,

title: 9-1-1

text: Service Commission director Eugene "Bull" Connor. The phone used to answer the first 9-1-1 call, a bright red model, is now in a museum in Haleyville, while a duplicate phone is still in use at the police station. AT&T made its first implementation in Huntington, Indiana, the hometown of J. Edward Roush, who sponsored the federal legislation to establish the nationwide system, on March 1, 1968. However, the spread of 9-1-1 implementation took many years. For example, although the City of Chicago, Illinois, had access to 9-1-1 service as early as 1976, the Illinois Commerce Commission did not authorize telephone

title: History of mobile phones

title: Ameritech Cellular

text: number) David Contorno, of Lemont, Illinois, has owned and used the same mobile telephone number since 2 August 1985. His first mobile phone was an Ameritech AC140 and his carrier has been Ameritech Mobile Communications ever since." Ameritech Cellular Ameritech Mobile Communications, LLC was the first company in the United States to provide cellular mobile phone service to the general public. Cell service became publicly available in Chicago on October 13, 1983. The company was a division of Ameritech which, as of January 1, 1984, was the holding company of Illinois Bell, Michigan Bell, Wisconsin Bell, Ohio Bell, and Indiana

title: 9-1-1

text: operator assistance. The first known use of a national emergency telephone number began in the United Kingdom in 1937-1938 using the number 999, which continues to this day. In the United States, the push for the development of a nationwide American emergency telephone number came in 1957 when the National Association of Fire Helicopter recommended that a single number be used for reporting fires. The first city in North America to use a central emergency number was the Canadian city of Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1959, which instituted the change at the urging of Stephen Juba, mayor of Winnipeg at the

title: First transcontinental telephone call

text: First transcontinental telephone call A telephone call, which for marketing purposes is claimed to be the first transcontinental telephone call, occurred on Jan. 25, 1915, a day timed to coincide with the Panama–Pacific International Exposition celebrations. However, the transcontinental telephone line was first completed on June 17, 1914, and successfully first voice tested in July 1914. A 1998 U.S. postage stamp commemorates the completion of the line in 1914. The original long distance telephone network actually started in 1885, in New York City. By 1892 this line reached Chicago. After introducing loading coils in 1899, the long distance line continued

title: Mobile Telephone Service

text: the number to be called, and would then place the call. This service originated with the Bell System, and was first used in St. Louis on June 17, 1946. The original equipment weighed , and there were initially only 3 channels for all the users in the metropolitan area, later more licenses were added bringing the total to 32 channels across 3 bands (See IMTS frequencies). This service was used at least into the 1980s in large portions of North America. On October 2, 1946, Motorola communications equipment carried the first calls on Illinois Bell Telephone Company's new car radiotelephone

title: Alexander Graham Bell

text: a private residence was installed in his palace in Petrópolis, his summer retreat forty miles from Rio de Janeiro. In January 1915, Bell made the first ceremonial transcontinental telephone call. Calling from the AT&T head office at 15 Dey Street in New York City, Bell was heard by Thomas Watson at 333 Grant Avenue in San Francisco. The "New York Times" reported: As is sometimes common in scientific discoveries, simultaneous developments can occur, as evidenced by a number of inventors who were at work on the telephone. Over a period of 18 years, the Bell Telephone Company faced 587 court

title: Douglas H. Ring

text: Douglas H. Ring Douglas H. Ring (March 28, 1907 in Montana – September 8, 2000 in Red Bank, New Jersey) was one of the Bell Labs engineers that invented the cell phone. The history of cellular phone technology began on December 11, 1947 with an internal memo written by Douglas H. Ring in which he proposed development of a cellular telephone system by AT&T. Although Martin Cooper of Motorola is considered the inventor of the first handheld cellular telephone and the first person to demonstrate to reporters a handheld cell phone call, Cooper's April 1973 call used cellular telephone technology

title: Emergency telephone number

text: February 16, 1968, the first-ever 9-1-1 call was placed by Alabama Speaker of the House Rankin Fite, from Haleyville City Hall, to U.S. Rep. Tom Bevill, at the city's police station. However, 911 systems were not in widespread use until the 1980s when the number 911 was adopted as the standard number across most of the country under the North American Numbering Plan. The implementation of 911 service in the USA was a gradual and haphazard process. Because telephone service boundaries did not always exactly match governmental and other jurisdictional boundaries, a user might dial 911, only to discover that

title: Douglas H. Ring

text: invented and developed by Bell Labs engineers. Douglas H. Ring Douglas H. Ring (March 28, 1907 in Montana – September 8, 2000 in Red Bank, New Jersey) was one of the Bell Labs engineers that invented the cell phone. The history of cellular phone technology began on December 11, 1947 with an internal memo written by Douglas H. Ring in which he proposed development of a cellular telephone system by AT&T. Although Martin Cooper of Motorola is considered the inventor of the first handheld cellular telephone and the first person to demonstrate to reporters a handheld cell phone call, Cooper's

title: Bell Homestead National Historic Site

text: the crude metal box. With only a telephone receiver Alexander Graham Bell could not respond directly to his father, and instead replied back by telegraph on a separate line to Brantford. Nevertheless Alexander Graham much later declared that this was the first one-way long distance call "of several miles", but noted it was "the first transmission at a distance, but it was not the first reciprocal conversation over a line. That was held in Boston on 9 October 1876." On a test call one week earlier on 3 August 1876, Alexander Graham's uncle, Professor David Charles Bell, spoke to him

title: Long-distance calling

text: showcased until early 1915, as a promotion for the upcoming Panama–Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco in the spring of the same year. On January 25, 1915, Alexander Graham Bell ceremonially sent the first transcontinental telephone call from 15 Dey Street in New York City, which was received by his former assistant Thomas A. Watson at 333 Grant Avenue in San Francisco. This process, nevertheless, involved five intermediary telephone operators and took 23 minutes to connect by manually "patching in" the route of the call. On November 10, 1951, the first direct dial long-distance telephone call in North America was

title: Thomas A. Watson

text: Thomas A. Watson Thomas A Augustus Watson (January 18, 1854 – December 13, 1934) was an assistant to Alexander Graham Bell, notably in the invention of the telephone in 1876. He is best known because, as the recipient of the first telephone call – although coming from just the next room – his name became the first words ever said over the phone. "Mr. Watson – Come here – I want to see you," Bell said when first using the new invention, according to Bell's laboratory notebook. There is some dispute about the actual words used, as Thomas Watson, in

title: Luke Johnson Phone Experiment

text: Luke Johnson Phone Experiment The Luke Johnson Phone Experiment was started by 27-year-old Arizona resident Luke Johnson. On September 18, 2006, Luke posted a self-made video on YouTube inviting the world to call him on his cell phone. The stated purpose of the experiment is to see how many people will call someone they have never met. Since the inception of the experiment, Luke has received calls from around the planet. As of April 19, 2007 he has 136,768 telephone calls. Owing to the popularity of his experiment, Luke has been featured on CNN, NPR, BBC News 24, The Rachael

title: Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91)

text: limited. To solve this problem, there could be many small areas called cells which share the same frequencies. When users moved from one area to another while calling, the call would have to be switched over automatically without losing the call. In this system, a small number of radio frequencies could accommodate a huge number of calls. The first mobile call was made from a car phone in St. Louis, Missouri on June 17, 1946, but the system was impractical from what is considered a portable handset today. The equipment weighed 80 lbs, and the AT&T service, basically a massive

title: Miko Rwayitare

text: Miko Rwayitare Miko Rwayitare (December 2, 1942 – September 25, 2007) was a Rwandan-born billionaire and the supposed father of mobile telecommunications in Africa. It is reported that he made the first cellular phone call on the African continent in 1986. He founded Telecel International, an African telecommunications company. Rwayitare was born in Rwanda and educated in Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) at the Collège Saint-Esprit and then Collège Notre-Dame in Bukavu and received an engineering degree in Germany at University of Karlsruhe in 1970. In 1996, he moved to Johannesburg, South Africa. He lived in one

title: Jajah

text: phones (landline or mobile). Calls were made without download or user-installed software, and in most cases at rates lower than those of traditional phone companies or even free of charge. The company’s competitors included Ribbit and IntelePeer. Jajah was founded in 2005 by Roman Scharf and Daniel Mattes. The first beta version of the Jajah Webphone, a proprietary peer-to-peer internet telephony (VoIP) softphone, was released in July 2005. Jajah Web version 1.0 (build 1708) released February 8, 2006. Jajah Web version 1.1 (build 1714) including conference calls was released September 12, 2006. On September 27, 2007, Jajah launches a solution

title: Hotel McAlpin

text: the McAlpin Hotel on how to make his Spaghetti Tetrazzini before embarking on one of her concert tours. In 1922, the McAlpin became one of the first hotels to link ship-to-shore radios into their phone system. The hotel would later be the first home of, and give the call letters to, radio station WMCA in 1925. In 1947, Jackie Robinson, a resident living on the 11th floor, received the phone call here from the Brooklyn Dodgers that would change America forever by being the first African American player in Major League Baseball. From 1969 to 1975 (excepting 1973), the hotel

title: Bell Homestead National Historic Site

text: the world's first true long distance call, placed between Brantford and Paris, Ontario on 10 August 1876. For that long distance call Alexander Graham Bell set up a telephone using telegraph lines at Robert White's Boot and Shoe Store at 90 Grand River Street North in Paris via its Dominion Telegraph Co. office on Colborne Street. The normal telegraph line between Paris and Brantford was not quite 13 km (8 miles) length, but the connection was extended a further 93 km (58 miles) to Toronto to allow the use of a battery in its telegraph office. When the line connections

text: was invented in 1973 by Nick Sheridon at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center. The first electronic paper, called Gyricon, consisted of polyethylene spheres between 75 and 106 micrometres across. 1973 Recombinant DNA 1973 Catalytic converter (three-way) 1973 Mobile phone A mobile phone, or cell phone, is a long-range, electronic device used for mobile voice or data communication over a network of specialized base stations known as cell sites. Early mobile FM radio telephones were in use for many years, but since the number of radio frequencies were very limited in any area, the number of phone calls were also very

title: First transcontinental telephone call

text: want you," into the telephone, which was heard by his assistant Dr. Watson in San Francisco, for a long distance call of . Dr. Watson replied, "It will take me five days to get there now!" The Alexander Graham Bell call officially initiated AT&T's transcontinental service. The phone call was merely symbolic. Dr. Watson was at 333 Grant Avenue in San Francisco to receive the call, placed by Bell from the Telephone Building at 15 Dey Street in New York City. President Woodrow Wilson and the mayors of both cities were also involved in the call. Later, President Woodrow Wilson

title: Brantford

text: unveiling of the Bell Memorial on 24 October 1917, Bell reminded the attendees that "Brantford is right in claiming the invention of the telephone here... [which was] conceived in Brantford in 1874 and born in Boston in 1875" and that "the first transmission to a distance was made between Brantford and Paris" (on 3 August 1876). As well, the second successful voice transmission (over a distance of 6 km) was also made in the area, on 4 August 1876, between the telegraph office in Brantford, Ontario and Bell's father's homestead over makeshift wires. Canada's first telephone factory, created by James

title: History of mobile phones

long_answer: Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kg (2.42 lb) and measured 23 cm long, 13 cm deep and 4.45 cm wide. The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.


question: where does the karate kid 2010 take place

answers: China

answers: Beijing

answers: Beijing, China

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: Justin Bieber, Travis Garland, Omarr Rambert, and others, and produced by The Messengers (Adam Messinger and Nasri Atweh). It is performed by Bieber and Jaden Smith. The music video was released on May 31, 2010. The film started with "Do You Remember" by Jay Sean. "Remember the Name" by Fort Minor was used in the trailer to promote the movie. Parts of the song, "Back in Black" by AC/DC and "Higher Ground" by the Red Hot Chili Peppers, were also used in the movie. The song "Hip Song" by Rain is used for promotion in the Asian countries and it

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: Dre's budding romance with Meiying. These kids have yet to hit puberty and already they're swooning for each other." The film was released on June 11, 2010 by Columbia Pictures to 3,663 theaters across the United States. "The Karate Kid" topped the box office on its opening day, grossing $18.8 million, and in its opening weekend, grossing $56 million in North America, beating "The A-Team", which grossed an estimated $9.6 million on the same opening day, and $26 million in its opening weekend. It closed on September 18, 2010, after 101 days of release, grossing $176.7 million in the US

title: The Karate Kid (franchise)

text: The Karate Kid (franchise) The Karate Kid is an American martial arts drama multi-media franchise, created by screenwriter Robert Mark Kamen. The franchise began in 1984 with "The Karate Kid", and was followed by three film sequels: "The Karate Kid Part II" (1986), "The Karate Kid Part III" (1989) and "The Next Karate Kid" (1994). "Cobra Kai", a television series that serves as a sequel to the films, was released in 2018. The success of the first two films spawned an animated television series that aired in 1989, while a remake film centered on kung fu was released in 2010,

title: The Karate Kid (video game)

text: thugs. The game begins with Daniel LaRusso fighting in the All Valley Karate Tournament (the location for the first "Karate Kid" film's climax). He will have to go through four fighters in order to advance to the next stage. The opponent's energy bar increases as the player progresses through them. The final fight is presumably with Johnny Lawrence from the movie. Daniel then starts the second level which is set in Okinawa (the primary setting for "The Karate Kid Part II"). There, he must dispatch random thugs who die in one hit while progressing to Chozen at the end of

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: and Canada along with an additional $182 million overseas for a worldwide total of $358 million, on a moderate budget of $40 million. People's Choice Awards 2011 2011 Kids' Choice Awards 2011 MTV Video Music Aid Japan 2011 MTV Movie Awards 32nd Young Artist Awards 2010 Teen Choice Awards Shortly after the films release, a sequel was in development with Jaden Smith, Jackie Chan and Taraji P. Henson reprising their roles as Dre Parker, Mr. Han and Sherry Parker respectively. Breck Eisner was initially set to direct, but in June 2014 the film had gained new writers and lost Eisner

title: The Next Karate Kid

text: The Next Karate Kid The Next Karate Kid (also known as The Karate Kid Part IV) is a 1994 American martial arts drama film starring Pat Morita and Hilary Swank. It is the fourth installment in "The Karate Kid" film series. It was directed by Christopher Cain, written by Mark W. Lee, and produced by Jerry Weintraub, with music by Bill Conti. It is the first film in the series not to feature Ralph Macchio in the lead role as Daniel LaRusso. It was released on September 9, 1994. Upon its release, "The Next Karate Kid" was a critical and

title: The Karate Kid Part III

text: The Karate Kid Part III The Karate Kid Part III is a 1989 American martial arts drama film and the second sequel to "The Karate Kid" (1984). The film stars Ralph Macchio, Pat Morita, Robyn Lively, and Thomas Ian Griffith in his film debut. As was the case with the first two films in the series, it was directed by John G. Avildsen and written by Robert Mark Kamen, with stunts choreographed by Pat E. Johnson and the music composed by Bill Conti. In the film, with the help of his best friend, Terry Silver, the returning John Kreese attempts

title: The Karate Kid Part II

text: must dodge the swinging ax as many times as possible. The Karate Kid Part II The Karate Kid Part II is a 1986 American martial arts drama film and the first sequel to "The Karate Kid" (1984). Ralph Macchio and Pat Morita reprise their respective roles as young karate student Daniel LaRusso and his mentor Mr. Miyagi. Like the original film, the sequel was a success, earning even more at the box office than its predecessor, although it received mixed reviews from critics. Shortly after the All-Valley Karate Tournament, sensei John Kreese becomes furious and attacks Johnny in the parking

title: The Karate Kid

text: re-opens the Cobra Kai dojo on his search for redemption. This puts him at odds with Daniel, who, though successful, is trying to find balance in his life without Mr. Miyagi. Josh Heald wrote the script with Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg while the latter duo directed most of the series, they also executive-produce alongside Macchio and Zabka. The series received an order of 10 episodes for the first season which debuted on YouTube Premium in May 2, 2018. The Karate Kid The Karate Kid is a 1984 American martial arts drama film produced by Jerry Weintraub, directed by John

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: appeared in the trailer. The music video was released on May 22, 2010. "Bang Bang" by K'naan featuring Adam Levine and "Say" by John Mayer are also featured in the movie. It also features Lady Gaga's "Poker Face", Flo Rida's "Low" and Gorillaz' "Dirty Harry" (being performed in Chinese). An abbreviated form of Frédéric Chopin's Nocturne No. 20 is featured, arranged for strings, in Meiying's violin audition scene, along with Sergei Rachmaninoff's piano transcription of "Flight of the Bumblebee" by Rimsky-Korsakov. The film premiered May 26 in Chicago, with appearances by Jackie Chan and Jaden Smith, and a brief surprise

title: Cobra Kai

text: Angeles such as Tarzana and Encino. Exterior locations include Golf N' Stuff in Norwalk and the South Seas Apartments in Reseda, both of which were originally featured in "The Karate Kid". In January 2018, the series was promoted at the annual Television Critics Association's winter press tour where YouTube's global head of original content Susanne Daniels described the show saying, "It is a half an hour format but I would call it a dramedy. I think it leans into the tone of the movies in that there are dramatic moments throughout. I think it’s very faithful really in some ways

title: The Karate Kid (TV series)

text: the karate tournament motif for an adventure/quest setting. A miniature shrine with magic powers had been taken from its resting place on Okinawa, and it was up to Miyagi and Daniel to recover it. Together with Okinawan girl Taki Tamurai (voiced by Janice Kawaye), the karatekas searched the globe and, naturally, encountered several opportunities to chop and kick their way out of trouble. The episodes typically followed a similar formula: Mr. Miyagi would obtain a lead on the shrine's location in some exotic corner of the world. Daniel and Taki would follow up on it, and in the process encounter

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: come easily, he never conveys the sense that he's desperate to be liked. 'The Karate Kid' winds up being so likable itself." Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" gave it a positive review, rating the film three and a half out of four stars, and calling it "a lovely and well-made film that stands on its own feet". Claudia Puig of "USA Today" and Owen Gleiberman of "Entertainment Weekly" each rated the film a 'B', stating "the chemistry between Jaden Smith and Jackie Chan grounds the movie, imbuing it with sincerity and poignance" and that the film is "fun and

title: The Karate Kid

text: The Karate Kid The Karate Kid is a 1984 American martial arts drama film produced by Jerry Weintraub, directed by John G. Avildsen, and written by Robert Mark Kamen. It stars Ralph Macchio, Pat Morita, and Elisabeth Shue, as well as William Zabka, who portrays the main protagonist. It is an underdog story in the mold of a previous success with "Rocky" (1976), which Avildsen also directed. The film features the Gōjū-ryū, Gōjū Kai style of karate. "The Karate Kid" was a commercial success upon release and garnered critical acclaim, earning Morita a nomination for the Academy Award for Best

title: The Karate Kid (TV series)

text: The Karate Kid (TV series) The Karate Kid is a 1989 animated series which debuted on NBC's Saturday morning lineup. It starred Joey Dedio, Robert Ito, and Janice Kawaye. It is based on the "Karate Kid" series of films, and was produced by DIC Animation City, Saban Entertainment and Columbia Pictures Television. The show was originally planned for daily syndication for fall 1988 with 65 episodes, before eventually settling on a 13-episode order for NBC Saturday mornings in 1989. The show retains apprentice Daniel LaRusso (voiced by Joey Dedio) and his mentor Mr. Miyagi (voiced by Robert Ito) but abandoned

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 65% based on 205 reviews, and the average rating is 6.2/10. The site's consensus reads: "It may not be as powerful as the 1984 edition, but the 2010 "Karate Kid" delivers a surprisingly satisfying update on the original." Metacritic, another review aggregator, rated the film 61/100 based on 37 reviews from mainstream critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Ann Hornaday described Jaden Smith as a revelation, and that he "proves that he's no mere beneficiary of dynastic largesse. Somber, self-contained and somehow believable as a kid for whom things don't

title: The Karate Kid Part II

text: scene. The opening scene takes place immediately following the finale of the first film to seamlessly tie the two together. It was originally planned as the ending for the first film, although it was not shot until after the second film's production began. Principal photography took place in Oahu, Hawaii, in the northeastern area of the island known as the "windward side". The local countryside in modern-day Okinawa had been drastically changed due to the presence of military bases, so other locations in both Japan and Hawaii were scouted as alternative filming locations. Filmmakers selected a property in Oahu that

title: Daniel LaRusso

text: Johnny loses the match after Daniel lands a crane kick to his face. Having gained respect for his nemesis, Johnny gives Daniel the trophy. In "The Karate Kid Part II", which mainly takes place six months after the first film, Daniel has separated from Ali. When Daniel learns that Mr. Miyagi is going to Okinawa to visit his dying father, he uses his college fund to fly with him. Upon their arrival, they meet Sato Toguchi, a wealthy businessman and Mr. Miyagi's former best friend. Daniel meets Kumiko, a teenager who aspire to move to Tokyo and pursue a career

title: The Karate Kid (franchise)

text: a clown in the party wipes off his makeup and reveals himself as Zabka. The Karate Kid (franchise) The Karate Kid is an American martial arts drama multi-media franchise, created by screenwriter Robert Mark Kamen. The franchise began in 1984 with "The Karate Kid", and was followed by three film sequels: "The Karate Kid Part II" (1986), "The Karate Kid Part III" (1989) and "The Next Karate Kid" (1994). "Cobra Kai", a television series that serves as a sequel to the films, was released in 2018. The success of the first two films spawned an animated television series that aired

title: The Karate Kid Part II

text: The Karate Kid Part II The Karate Kid Part II is a 1986 American martial arts drama film and the first sequel to "The Karate Kid" (1984). Ralph Macchio and Pat Morita reprise their respective roles as young karate student Daniel LaRusso and his mentor Mr. Miyagi. Like the original film, the sequel was a success, earning even more at the box office than its predecessor, although it received mixed reviews from critics. Shortly after the All-Valley Karate Tournament, sensei John Kreese becomes furious and attacks Johnny in the parking lot. Miyagi confronts Kreese and passively immobilizes him. Miyagi threatens

title: The Karate Kid

text: rating of 88% on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes based on 43 reviews, its consensus reads: "Utterly predictable and wholly of its time, but warm, sincere, and difficult to resist, due in large part to Pat Morita and Ralph Macchio's relaxed chemistry." On its release, Roger Ebert called the film one of the year's best, gave it four stars out of four, and described it as an "exciting, sweet-tempered, heart-warming story with one of the most interesting friendships in a long time." Janet Maslin of "The New York Times" also gave a positive review. Upon release of the 2010 remake, Dana

title: The Karate Kid (video game)

text: The Karate Kid (video game) The Karate Kid is a video game published by LJN and developed by the Japanese company Atlus Co., Ltd for the NES. The gameplay loosely follows plot elements from the first and second "Karate Kid" films. Later that year, a fighting game (like "International Karate") was released on the Amiga and Atari ST by Microdeal ("The Karate Kid Part 2: The Computer Game"). There are four levels in the game, and they play out as the movie goes. The object of each level is to defeat a variety of enemies ranging from Karate students to

title: The Karate Kid Part II

text: compact disc by Varèse Sarabande in a box set in 2007 and 2012. "The Karate Kid Part II" opened in 1,323 theaters across North America on June 20, 1986. In its opening weekend, the film ranked first in its domestic box office grossing $12,652,336 with an average of $9,563 per theater. The film earned $20,014,510 in its opening week and ended its run earning a total of $115,103,979 domestically. The film has a 42% rating out of 24 reviews on Rotten Tomatoes. Movie-gazette.com gave the film a positive review, stating the film was a "worthy follow-up to the first "Karate

title: The Karate Kid (TV series)

text: Movie Database, Hulu, and Minisodes are available on Crackle. As of May 2018, the show was no longer available on iTunes or streaming on Netflix. The Karate Kid (TV series) The Karate Kid is a 1989 animated series which debuted on NBC's Saturday morning lineup. It starred Joey Dedio, Robert Ito, and Janice Kawaye. It is based on the "Karate Kid" series of films, and was produced by DIC Animation City, Saban Entertainment and Columbia Pictures Television. The show was originally planned for daily syndication for fall 1988 with 65 episodes, before eventually settling on a 13-episode order for NBC

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: down with a leg-to-head lock, and angrily reminds him of his own rule: no mercy. Before Han attacks, Dre appears and discourages Han from attacking; the Fighting Dragons bow to Mr. Han, and the two leave. As a defeated and humiliated Li rises, Sherry and Meiying begin to depart. Then Sherry turns and punches Li in the jaw, presumably after discovering that he ordered his students to brutally attack her son. On November 10, 2008, "Variety" reported that work on a "Karate Kid" remake had begun. "Variety" stated that the new film, to be produced by Will Smith, "has been

title: The Karate Kid

text: Best Supporting Actor Academy Award for his performance as Mr. Miyagi. Morita reprised his role in three subsequent sequels. A short-lived animated series spin-off also called "The Karate Kid" aired on NBC in 1989. On August 4, 2017, it was announced that a new half-hour dramedy TV series was in development to continue the Karate Kid franchise. The series, titled "Cobra Kai", will reunite Ralph Macchio and William Zabka who reprise their roles as Daniel LaRusso and Johnny Lawrence respectively. The show was set 34 years after the original film, focusing on Johnny who is down on his luck and

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: him at school. During an attack, the maintenance man, Mr. Han, comes to Dre's aid. When Cheng and his friends try to interfere, Han defeats each of them in close combat, showing himself to be a kung fu master. Han helps heal Dre's injuries using fire cupping as he tells the boy that those students aren't bad but their teacher is. Intrigued, Dre asks if Mr. Han could teach him kung fu. Han refuses, but brings him to meet Cheng's teacher, Master Li, at the Fighting Dragon studio to make peace. Li, who teaches his students to show no mercy

title: Jackie Chan

text: of his province. In 2010 he starred with Jaden Smith in "The Karate Kid", a remake of the 1984 original. This was Chan's first dramatic American film. He plays Mr. Han, a kung fu master and maintenance man who teaches Jaden Smith's character kung fu so he can defend himself from school bullies. His role in "The Karate Kid" won Jackie Chan the Favorite Buttkicker award at the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards in 2011. In Chan's next movie, "Shaolin", he plays a supporting role as a cook of a temple instead of one of the major characters. His 100th movie,

title: Karate

text: karate and other Asian martial arts into mass popularity. "The Karate Kid" (1984) and its sequels "The Karate Kid, Part II" (1986), "The Karate Kid, Part III" (1989) and "The Next Karate Kid" (1994) are films relating the fictional story of an American adolescent's introduction into karate. "Karate Kommandos", an animated children's show, with Chuck Norris appearing to reveal the moral lessons contained in every episode. Many other film stars such as Bruce Lee, Chuck Norris, Jackie Chan, Sammo Hung, and Jet Li come from a range of other martial arts. Karate The Ryukyu Kingdom was annexed by Japan in

title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

long_answer: Dre Parker and his mother Sherry Parker move from Detroit to Beijing after Sherry gets a job transfer at her car factory. After a day in a park, Dre develops a crush on a young violinist, Meiying, who reciprocates his attention, but another boy Cheng, a rebellious kung fu prodigy whose family is close to Meiying's, attempts to keep them apart by violently attacking Dre, and later bullies him at school. During an attack, the maintenance man, Mr. Han comes to Dre's aid, and when Cheng and his friends try to interfere, Han defeats each of them in close combat, revealing himself as a kung fu master.