question: which of the following helmiths feeds on blood

answers: Necator americanus

answers: Ancylostoma duodenale

title: Helminthiasis

text: Helminthiasis Helminthiasis, also known as worm infection, is any macroparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of the body is infected with parasitic worms, known as helminths. There are numerous species of these parasites, which are broadly classified into tapeworms, flukes, and roundworms. They often live in the gastrointestinal tract of their hosts, but they may also burrow into other organs, where they induce physiological damage. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis are the most important helminthiases, and are among the neglected tropical diseases. This group of helmianthiases have been targeted under the joint action of the world's

title: Helminthiasis

text: memory and fluency. Large parasite burdens, particularly severe hookworm infections, are also associated with absenteeism, under-enrollment, and attrition in school children. Of all the known helminth species, the most important helminths with respect to understanding their transmission pathways, their control, inactivation and enumeration in samples of human excreta from dried feces, faecal sludge, wastewater, and sewage sludge are: Helminthiases are classified as follows (the disease names end with "-sis" and the causative worms are in brackets): Helminths are transmitted to the final host in several ways. The most common infection is through ingestion of contaminated vegetables, drinking water, and raw

title: Illithid

text: 4 inches and 6 feet 2 inches. The most desirable of races for hosts are Humans, Drow, Elves, Githzerai, Githyanki , Grimlocks, Gnolls, Goblinoids, and Orcs. Upon being implanted (through the ear canal), the larva then grows and consumes the host's brain, absorbing the host's physical form entirely and becoming sapient itself, a physically mature (but mentally young) Illithid. This process is called "ceremorphosis". Illithids often experiment with non-humanoid hosts, but ceremorphosis involving other creatures usually fails, killing both host and larva. The transformation between the host (almost always a human or similar humanoid, such as an elf or dwarf)

title: Hematophagy

text: Hematophagy Hematophagy (sometimes spelled haematophagy or hematophagia) is the practice by certain animals of feeding on blood (from the Greek words αἷμα "haima" "blood" and φάγειν "phagein" "to eat"). Since blood is a fluid tissue rich in nutritious proteins and lipids that can be taken without great effort, hematophagy has evolved as a preferred form of feeding for many small animals, such as worms and arthropods. Some intestinal nematodes, such as Ancylostomids, feed on blood extracted from the capillaries of the gut, and about 75 percent of all species of leeches (e.g., "Hirudo medicinalis"), a free-living worm, are hematophagous. Some

title: Parasitic worm

text: Parasitic worm Parasitic worms, also known as helminths, are large macroparasites, which as adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. Many are intestinal worms that are soil-transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract. Other parasitic worms such as schistosomes reside in blood vessels. There is no taxonomy of parasitic worms since it is an umbrella term that includes many species of worm from different genera, having parasitism as a commonality. These include two classes of the flatworm (Platyhelminthes) phylum, namely cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes and blood flukes), many species of nematodes (roundworms), and the acanthocephalins known as thorny-headed

title: Helminthology

text: Helminthology Helminthology is the study of parasitic worms (helminths), while helminthiasis describes the medical condition of being infected with helminths. Helminthology studies the taxonomy of helminths and their effects on their hosts. The origin of the first compound of the word is the Greek "ἕλμινς" - helmins, meaning "worm". In the 18th and early 19th century there was wave of publications on helminthology; this period has been described as the science's "Golden Era". During that period the authors Félix Dujardin, William Blaxland Benham, Peter Simon Pallas, Marcus Elieser Bloch, Otto Friedrich Müller, Johann Goeze, Friedrich Zenker, Charles Wardell Stiles, Carl

title: Vandellia

text: dark bands extending from the dorsal fin and the anal fin and converging onto the caudal fin. "V. sanguinea" may grow to 5.3 centimetres (2.1 in) SL. "V. cirrhosa" grows up to SL. These species are hematophagous (blood-consuming) parasites, like all other members of the subfamily Vandelliinae. "V. cirrhosa" uses visual and chemo-sensory orientation to find potential hosts. It is active both during the daytime and nighttime while foraging. "V. cirrhosa" enters the gill chambers of larger fish to suck blood. It bites mostly at the ventral or dorsal aorta arteries, and the blood is pumped into its gut by

title: Helminthiasis

text: the body. Helminths excrete into the intestine toxic substances after they feed. These substances then enter the circulatory and lymphatic systems of the host body. Chronic immune responses to helminthiasis may lead to increased susceptibility to other infections such as tuberculosis, HIV, and malaria. There is conflicting information about whether deworming reduces HIV progression and viral load and increases CD4 counts in antiretroviral naive and experienced individuals, although the most recent Cochrane review found some evidence that this approach might have favorable effects. Chronic helminthiasis may cause severe morbidity. Helminthiasis has been found to result in poor birth outcome, poor

title: Parasitic worm

text: number of different helminth species is vast: it is estimated to be around one million species. The nematodes are the most diverse of all the helminths with the highest number of species. There may be as many as 300,000 species of parasites affecting vertebrates, and as many as 300 affecting humans alone. Characteristics that are common for all helminths include: Lifetime: Eggs: Larvae: The following table shows the principal morphological and reproductive distinctions for three helminth groups: Draft genomes for all categories of helminth have been sequenced in recent years and are available through the ParaSite sub-portal of WormBase. Parasitic

title: Helminthiasis

title: Helminthiasis

text: including sub-Saharan Africa, central and east Asia, and the Americas. Some types of helminthiases are classified as neglected tropical diseases. They include: The soil-transmitted helminths ("A. lumbricoides", "T. trichiura", "N. americanus", "A. duodenale)", schistosomes, and filarial worms collectively infect more than a quarter of the human population worldwide at any one time, far surpassing HIV and malaria together. Schistosomiasis is the second most prevalent parasitic disease of humans after malaria. In 2014–15, the WHO estimated that approximately 2 billion people were infected with soil-transmitted helminthiases, 249 million with schistosomiasis, 56 million people with food-borne trematodiasis, 120 million with lymphatic filariasis,

title: Parasitic worm

text: name of a type of helminth, and ascariasis is the name of the infection caused by that helminth. There is no real consensus on the taxonomy (or groupings) of the helminths, particularly with the nematodes. The term "helminth" contains a number of phyla, many of which are completely unrelated. However, for practical considerations the term is still used nowadays to describe four groups with superficial similarities, the phyla Annelida, Platyhelminths, Nematoda and Acanthocephala. There is in fact no helminth classification; it is an "artificial" term. The most important helminths in the sanitation field are the human parasites, which is why

title: Helminthology

text: Asmund Rudolphi, Otto Friedrich Bernhard von Linstow and Johann Gottfried Bremser started systematic scientific studies of the subject. The Japanese parasitologist Satyu Yamaguti was one of the most active helminthologists of the 20th century; he wrote the six-volume "Systema Helminthum". Helminthology Helminthology is the study of parasitic worms (helminths), while helminthiasis describes the medical condition of being infected with helminths. Helminthology studies the taxonomy of helminths and their effects on their hosts. The origin of the first compound of the word is the Greek "ἕλμινς" - helmins, meaning "worm". In the 18th and early 19th century there was wave of

title: Parasitic worm

text: worms. Some other parasitic worm species from the annelids (ringed worms), including the leeches are ectoparasites and so are not classified as helminths which are endoparasites. Parasitic worms live in and feed in living hosts. They receive nourishment and protection while disrupting their hosts' nutrient absorption. This can cause weakness and disease of the host. In their adult form, parasitic worms cannot multiply in humans. Helminths are able to survive in their mammalian hosts for many years due to their ability to manipulate the immune response by secreting immunomodulatory products. All parasitic worms produce eggs for reproduction. These eggs have

title: Helminthiasis

text: transmitted helminthiasis. The 1990–2013 Global Burden of Disease Study estimated 5,500 direct deaths from schistosomiasis, while more than 200,000 people were estimated in 2013 to die annually from causes related to schistosomiasis. Another 20 million have severe consequences from the disease. It is the most deadly of the neglected tropical diseases. Helminthiasis Helminthiasis, also known as worm infection, is any macroparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of the body is infected with parasitic worms, known as helminths. There are numerous species of these parasites, which are broadly classified into tapeworms, flukes, and roundworms. They often

title: Hepatozoon

text: blood films. When the invertebrate vector feeds on the blood of the infected vertebrate, the gamonts are taken up into the gut once more, where they undergo gametogenesis and the cycle begins once more. This simplified lifecycle is, of course, insufficient for species which infect vertebrate and invertebrate hosts which do not directly feed on one another, necessitating an even more complex cycle. For instance, "Hepatozoon sipedon" infects mosquitoes and snakes, but since snakes do not typically feed on mosquitoes, a third, intermediate host is required, in this case a frog. The frog ingests the infected mosquito, and the snake

title: Haematopinus suis

text: acts as an anticoagulant. Once penetrated, the blood is sucked up the food channel by a mechanism located in the louse's head. The blood enters the digestive tract, where enzymes hemolyse erythrocytes (the blood is essentially disintegrated to keep it in liquid form); the hemolysation may also serve to inhibit disease transmission (i.e. bacterial infection). Nymphal "H. suis" spend most of their time in and around the head region of the hog, specifically the ears. As they mature, they move to other areas on the host's body, primarily the abdominal region. Because it is a permanent parasite, the hog louse

title: Parasitic worm

text: having a parasitological infection, such as schistosomiasis. Parasitic worm Parasitic worms, also known as helminths, are large macroparasites, which as adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. Many are intestinal worms that are soil-transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract. Other parasitic worms such as schistosomes reside in blood vessels. There is no taxonomy of parasitic worms since it is an umbrella term that includes many species of worm from different genera, having parasitism as a commonality. These include two classes of the flatworm (Platyhelminthes) phylum, namely cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes and blood flukes), many species of nematodes

title: Hookworm infection

text: of the mucous membranes, fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath and in cases running a fatal course, dysentery, hemorrhages and edema. The worms suck blood and damage the mucosa. However, the blood loss in the stools is not visibly apparent. Blood tests in early infection often show a rise in numbers of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that is preferentially stimulated by worm infections in tissues (large numbers of eosinophils are also present in the local inflammatory response). Falling blood hemoglobin levels will be seen in cases of prolonged infection with anemia. In contrast to most intestinal helminthiases,

title: Leech

text: non-protusible pharynx which may or may not be armed with jaws. In the proboscisless leeches, the jaws of Arhynchobdellids are at the front of the mouth, and have three blades set at an angle to each other. In feeding these slice their way through the skin of the host, leaving a Y-shaped incision. Behind the blades is the mouth, located ventrally at the anterior end of the body. It leads successively into the pharynx, a short oesophagus, a crop (in some species), a stomach and a hindgut, which ends at an anus located just above the posterior sucker. The stomach

title: Helminthiasis

text: a number of factors including: the site of the infestation within the body; the type of worm involved; the number of worms and their volume; the type of damage the infesting worms cause; and, the immunological response of the body. Where the burden of parasites in the body is light, there may be no symptoms. Certain worms may cause particular constellations of symptoms. For instance, taeniasis can lead to seizures due to neurocysticercosis. In extreme cases of intestinal infestation, the mass and volume of the worms may cause the outer layers of the intestinal wall, such as the muscular layer,

title: Parasitic worm

text: most people relate the term helminth to them, where they are classified as nemathelminthes (nematodes) and platyhelminthes, depending on whether they possess a round or flat-shaped body respectively. The latter are further divided into cestodes and trematodes depending on whether or not they have a segmented body. Ringworm (dermatophytosis) is actually caused by various fungi and not by a parasitic worm. Helminths are a group of organisms which share a similar form but are not necessarily related as part of evolution. Helminths include members of the following taxa: monogeneans, cestodes (tapeworms), nematodes (roundworms), trematodes (flukes), and acanthocephalins (thorny-headed worms). The

title: Helminthiasis

text: cognitive development, poor school and work performance, decreased productivity, poor socioeconomic development, and poverty. Helminthiasis may cause chronic illness through malnutrition including vitamin deficiencies, stunted growth, anemia, and protein-energy malnutrition. Worms compete directly with their hosts for nutrients, but the magnitude of this effect is likely minimal as the nutritional requirements of worms is relatively small. In pigs and humans, "Ascaris" has been linked to lactose intolerance and vitamin A, amino acid, and fat malabsorption. Impaired nutrient uptake may result from direct damage to the intestinal mucosal wall or from more subtle changes such as chemical imbalances and changes in

title: Hygiene hypothesis

text: pathogens known to cause disease in humans, helminths warrant special attention, because of their ability to modify the prevalence or severity of certain immune-related responses in human and mouse models. In fact recent research has shown that parasitic worms have served as a stronger selective pressure on select human genes encoding interleukins and interleukin receptors when compared to viral and bacterial pathogens. Helminths are thought to have been as old as the adaptive immune system, suggesting that they may have co-evolved, also implying that our immune system has been strongly focused on fighting off helminthic infections, insofar as to potentially

title: Leech

text: may be a simple tube, but the crop, when present, is an enlarged part of the midgut with a number of pairs of ceca that stores ingested blood. The leech secretes an anticoagulant, hirudin, in its saliva which prevents the blood from clotting before ingestion. A mature medicinal leech may feed only twice a year, taking months to digest a blood meal. The bodies of predatory leeches are similar, though instead of jaws many have a protrusible proboscis, which for most of the time they keep retracted into the mouth. Such leeches are often ambush predators that lie in wait

title: Helminthiasis

text: gut flora. Alternatively, the worms’ release of protease inhibitors to defend against the body's digestive processes may impair the breakdown of other nutrients. In addition, worm induced diarrhoea may shorten gut transit time, thus reducing absorption of nutrients. Malnutrition due to worms can give rise to anorexia. A study of 459 children in Zanzibar revealed spontaneous increases in appetite after deworming. Anorexia might be a result of the body's immune response and the stress of combating infection. Specifically, some of the cytokines released in the immune response to worm infestation have been linked to anorexia in animals. Helminths may cause

title: Earthworm

text: a worm is the digestive tract, which runs straight through from mouth to anus without coiling, and is flanked above and below by blood vessels (the dorsal blood vessel and the ventral blood vessel as well as a subneural blood vessel) and the ventral nerve cord, and is surrounded in each segment by a pair of pallial blood vessels that connect the dorsal to the subneural blood vessels. Many earthworms can eject coelomic fluid through pores in the back in response to stress; Australian "Didymogaster sylvaticus" (known as the "blue squirter earthworm") can squirt fluid as high as . The

title: Serpula

text: floating in the plasma, and not contained within red blood cells. The ratio of plasma hemoglobin to chlorocruorin is high in younger individuals, but this ratio reverses as the animal matures. Presumably this reflects a lower oxygen consumption in the adult worm, relative to the juveniles. Like other annelids, these worms possess well-developed nervous systems. The nervous system consists of a central brain in the upper part of the head, which is relatively large compared with that of other annelids. Extending from the brain is a large ventral nerve cord running the length of the body. There are many supporting

title: Soil-transmitted helminth

text: in school age children who harbour the highest intensity of worm infestation. Some of the significant morbidity attributed to intestinal helminthiasis are malnutrition, growth retardation, anaemia, vitamin A deficiency and impaired intellectual performance. Soil-transmitted helminth The soil-transmitted helminths (also called geohelminths) are a group of intestinal parasites belonging to the phylum Nematoda that are transmitted primarily through contaminated soil. They are so called because they have a direct life cycle which requires no intermediate hosts or vectors, and the parasitic infection occurs through faecal contamination of soil, foodstuffs and water supplies. The adult forms are essentially parasites of humans, causing

title: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis

text: producing fever, cough and dyspnoea during early stage of infection. Hookworm infections insinuate a skin reaction (dermatitis), increased white blood cells (eosinophils), a pulmonary reaction (pneumonitis), and skin rash (urticarial). Iron deficiency anaemia due to blood loss is a common symptom. STH is often associated with malnutrition in children as it worsens their nutritional status in multiple ways. The worms can induce intestinal bleeding, competition for nutrients (malabsorption of nutrients), frequent anaemia and diarrhoea. Soil-transmitted helminths can also cause loss of appetite. These nutritional "knock on" effects of STH can have a significant impact on the mental and physical development

title: Helminthiasis

long_answer: Helminths may cause iron-deficiency anemia. This is most severe in heavy hookworm infections, as Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale feed directly on the blood of their hosts. Although the daily consumption of an individual worm (0.02–0.07 ml and 0.14–0.26 ml respectively) is small, the collective consumption under heavy infection can be clinically significantly. Intestinal whipworm may also cause anemia. Anemia has also been associated with reduced stamina for physical labor, a decline in the ability to learn new information, and apathy, irritability, and fatigue. A study of the effect of deworming and iron supplementation in 47 students from the Democratic Republic of the Congo found that the intervention improved cognitive function. Another study found that in 159 Jamaican schoolchildren, deworming led to better auditory short-term memory and scanning and retrieval of long-term memory over a period of nine-weeks.

short_answers:
Ancylostoma duodenale
Necator americanus


question: when does the men's worlds curling start

answers: March 31

title: 2017 World Men's Curling Championship

text: of the sport to win the world junior title, the Olympic gold medal, and the world men's title, and Canada became the first country ever to be in simultaneous possession of Olympic and World championships in both men's and women's curling. The following nations qualified to participate in the 2017 World Men's Curling Championship: Year to date World Curling Tour order of merit ranking for each team prior to the event. "Final Round Robin Standings" All times listed in Mountain Daylight Time (UTC−6). "Saturday, April 1, 14:00" "Saturday, April 1, 19:00" "Sunday, April 2, 9:00" "Sunday, April 2, 14:00" "Sunday,

text: "Sunday, 18 February, 20:05" "Monday, 19 February, 14:05" "Tuesday, 20 February, 09:05" "Tuesday, 20 February, 20:05" "Wednesday, 21 February, 14:05" "Thursday, 22 February, 9:05" "Thursday, 22 February, 20:05" "Friday, 23 February, 15:35" "Saturday, 24 February, 15:35" The final standings are: Player percentages during round robin play are as follows: Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The men's curling tournament of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 14 and 24 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round

text: Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The men's curling tournament of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 14 and 24 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round robin qualified for the medal round. The teams are listed as follows: All draw times are listed in Seoul Time (UTC+9). "Wednesday, 14 February, 09:05" "Wednesday, 14 February, 20:05" "Thursday, 15 February, 14:05" "Friday, 16 February, 09:05" "Friday, 16 February, 20:05" "Saturday, 17 February, 14:05" "Sunday, 18 February, 09:05"

text: February, 09:00" "Friday, 14 February, 19:00" "Saturday, 15 February, 14:00" "Sunday, 16 February, 09:00" "Sunday, 16 February, 19:00" "Monday, 17 February, 14:00" "Tuesday, 18 February, 9:00" "Wednesday, 19 February, 19:00" "Friday, 21 February, 12:30" "Friday, 21 February, 17:30" Curling at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The men's curling tournament of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held at the Ice Cube Curling Center in Sochi, Russia on 10–21 February 2014. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round robin qualified for the medal round. The teams are

text: Curling at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The men's curling tournament of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held at the Ice Cube Curling Center in Sochi, Russia on 10–21 February 2014. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round robin qualified for the medal round. The teams are listed as follows: All draw times are listed in Moscow Time (UTC+4). "Monday, 10 February, 09:00" "Monday, 10 February, 19:00" "Tuesday, 11 February, 14:00" "Wednesday, 12 February, 09:00" "Wednesday, 12 February, 19:00" "Thursday, 13 February, 14:00" "Friday, 14

text: February 18, 2:00 PM" "Friday, February 19, 9:00 AM" "Friday, February 19, 7:00 PM" "Saturday, February 20, 2:00 PM" "Sunday, February 21, 9:00 AM" "Sunday, February 21, 7:00 PM" "Monday, February 22, 2:00 PM" "Tuesday, February 23, 9:00 AM" "Tuesday, February 23, 7:00 PM" "Thursday, February 25, 9:00 AM" "Friday, February 26, 9:00 AM" "Friday, February 26, 3:00 PM" Curling at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's curling tournament took place at the Vancouver Olympic/Paralympic Centre. The draws took place between 16 and 25 February 2010 and the final took place on 26 February 2010. All start

title: 2018–19 Curling World Cup

text: the current world champions, a team specifically invited, and the two highest remaining teams on the Curling World Cup ranking list will qualify for the Grand Final. Two separate teams from the same member association may qualify for the Grand Final. "Sunday, September 17, 12:00" "Sunday, September 17, 16:00" "Sunday, September 16, 08:30" "Sunday, December 9, 12:00" "Sunday, December 9, 16:00" "Sunday, December 9, 08:30" 2018–19 Curling World Cup The 2018–19 Curling World Cup will be the first edition of the Curling World Cup, held between men's, women's, and mixed doubles teams. It will take place in three legs and

title: Curling at the 2014 Winter Olympics

text: played every other team. The top four teams from the round robin advanced to the playoffs. The top four teams at the conclusion of the round robin advanced to the playoffs. "Thursday, 20 February, 12:30" "Thursday, 20 February, 17:30" Curling at the 2014 Winter Olympics The curling competition of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held at the Ice Cube Curling Center, nicknamed "the Ice Cube". It is the sixth time that curling was on the Olympic program. In both the men's and women's competitions, ten nations competed. These two events took place from 10 to 21 February 2014. The Canadian

title: 2018–19 Curling World Cup – First Leg

text: 14, 12:00" "Friday, September 14, 16:00" "Saturday, September 15, 08:30" "Saturday, September 15, 16:00" "Saturday, September 15, 19:30" "Sunday, September 17, 16:00" "After Draw 14" "Wednesday, September 12, 18:30" "Thursday, September 13, 08:30" "Thursday, September 13, 16:00" "Friday, September 14, 08:30" "Friday, September 14, 12:00" "Friday, September 14, 16:00" "Friday, September 14, 19:30" "Saturday, September 15, 12:00" "Saturday, September 15, 16:00" "Sunday, September 16, 08:30" 2018–19 Curling World Cup – First Leg The First Leg of the 2018–19 Curling World Cup took place from September 12 to 16, 2018 at the Suzhou Olympic Sports Center in Suzhou, China. Canada had

title: 2018 World Men's Curling Championship

text: The 2018 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as the 361˚ World Men's Curling Championship 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 31 to April 8, 2018 at Orleans Arena, on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States.

title: 2013 World Men's Curling Championship

text: "Thursday, April 4, 14:00" "Thursday, April 4, 19:00" "Friday, April 5, 19:00" "Saturday, April 6, 11:00" "Saturday, April 6, 16:00" "Sunday, April 7, 11:00" "Sunday, April 7, 16:00" "Round robin only" "Round robin only" 2013 World Men's Curling Championship The 2013 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as the Ford World Men's Curling Championship 2013 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 30 to April 7 at the Save-On-Foods Memorial Centre in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. This marked the twenty-first time that Canada hosted the World Men's Championship, the fifth time that the province of British Columbia hosted the World Men's

text: Curling at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The men's curling tournament took place at the Vancouver Olympic/Paralympic Centre. The draws took place between 16 and 25 February 2010 and the final took place on 27 February 2010. The preliminary round was a round-robin tournament between all 10 teams; the top four qualified for the medal round. "Tuesday, February 16, 9:00 AM" "Tuesday, February 16, 7:00 PM" "Wednesday, February 17, 2:00 PM" "Thursday, February 18, 9:00 AM" "Thursday, February 18, 7:00 PM" "Friday, February 19, 2:00 PM" "Saturday, February 20, 9:00 AM" "Saturday, February 20, 7:00 PM" "Sunday, February

title: 2017 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials

text: "Sunday, November 12, 19:30" "Final Round Robin Standings" "Friday, November 10, 23:30" "Saturday, November 11, 07:30" "Saturday, November 11, 12:30" "Saturday, November 11, 13:30" "Saturday, November 11, 19:00" "Saturday, November 11, 19:00" "Sunday, November 12, 9:00" "Sunday, November 12, 14:00" The qualification process for the 2017 Olympic trials differed slightly from the process used at the 2013 trials. For both the men's and women's categories, a pool of twenty-one teams is designated as eligible to represent Canada at the 2018 Olympics, based on rankings from the Canadian Team Ranking System (CTRS). From the pool of twenty-one, seven teams were selected

title: Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics

text: on January 8, 2017. Canada qualified a men's team by earning enough points in the last two World Curling Championships. The Olympic team was decided at the 2017 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials. The Canadian team consists of Kevin Koe, Marc Kennedy, Brent Laing, Ben Hebert, and Scott Pfeifer. Canada has a bye in draws 4, 8 and 11. "Wednesday, 14 February, 09:05" "Wednesday, 14 February, 20:05" "Thursday, 15 February, 14:05" "Friday, 16 February, 20:05" "Saturday, 17 February, 14:05" "Sunday, 18 February, 09:05" "Monday, 19 February, 14:05" "Tuesday, 20 February, 09:05" "Wednesday, 21 February, 14:05" "Thursday, 22 February, 20:05" "Friday, 23

title: Curling World Cup

text: European Zone, the third in the Americas Zone, and a Grand Final in Beijing. In January 2018, the World Curling Federation announced the name of the tournament would be changed to the Curling World Cup, and consist of men's, women's, and mixed doubles events. On July 19, 2018, details about the Curling World Cup were announced, including the host cities, format, qualification rules, and logos for each leg of the event. Curling World Cup matches have eight ends, rather than the standard ten ends. Ties after eight ends will be decided by a shoot-out, with each team throwing a stone

text: "Monday, 19 February, 09:05" "Monday, 19 February, 20:05" "Tuesday, 20 February, 14:05" "Wednesday, 21 February, 09:05" "Wednesday, 21 February, 20:05" "Friday, 23 February, 20:05" "Saturday, 24 February, 20:05" "Sunday, 25 February, 9:05" The final standings are: Player percentages during round robin play are as follows: Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's curling tournament of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 14 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round robin qualified for the

title: 2016 World Men's Curling Championship

text: 2016 World Men's Curling Championship The 2016 World Men's Curling Championship was held from April 2 to 10 at St. Jakobshalle in Basel, Switzerland. The following nations are qualified to participate in the 2016 World Men's Curling Championship: "Final Round Robin Standings" All draw times are listed in Central European Summer Time (UTC+2). "Saturday, April 2, 14:00" "Saturday, April 2, 19:00" "Sunday, April 3, 9:00" "Sunday, April 3, 14:00" "Sunday, April 3, 19:00" "Monday, April 4, 9:00" "Monday, April 4, 14:00" "Monday, April 4, 19:00" "Tuesday, April 5, 9:00" "Tuesday, April 5, 14:00" "Tuesday, April 5, 19:00" "Wednesday, April 6,

title: 2013 World Men's Curling Championship

text: 2013 World Men's Curling Championship The 2013 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as the Ford World Men's Curling Championship 2013 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 30 to April 7 at the Save-On-Foods Memorial Centre in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. This marked the twenty-first time that Canada hosted the World Men's Championship, the fifth time that the province of British Columbia hosted the World Men's Championship, and the second time that Victoria hosted the World Men's Championship. Victoria previously hosted the championships in 2005. The event was also a qualifying event for the 2014 Winter Olympics, awarding points to

title: 2019 World Qualification Event

text: in the 2019 World Qualification Event: 2019 World Qualification Event The 2019 World Qualification Event will be held from January 18 to 23 at the Maniototo Curling International rink in Naseby, New Zealand. It will be jointly hosted by Australia and New Zealand, with the New Zealand women's team taking one host berth and the Australia men's team the other. The top two finishers in the men's and women's divisions will qualify for the 2019 World Men's Curling Championship and 2019 World Women's Curling Championship respectively. The following nations are qualified to participate in the 2019 World Qualification Event: The

text: 21, 2:00 PM" "Monday, February 22, 9:00 AM" "Monday, February 22, 7:00 PM" "Tuesday, February 23, 2:00 PM" "Wednesday, February 24, 2:00 PM" "Thursday, February 25, 2:00 PM" <nowiki>*</nowiki> - rock picked up debris "Saturday, February 27, 9:00 AM" <nowiki>*</nowiki> - rock picked up debris "Saturday, February 27, 3:00 PM" Curling at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The men's curling tournament took place at the Vancouver Olympic/Paralympic Centre. The draws took place between 16 and 25 February 2010 and the final took place on 27 February 2010. The preliminary round was a round-robin tournament between all 10 teams;

title: 2017 World Men's Curling Championship

text: April 2, 19:00" "Monday, April 3, 9:00" "Monday, April 3, 14:00" "Monday, April 3, 19:00" "Tuesday, April 4, 9:00" "Tuesday, April 4, 14:00" "Tuesday, April 4, 19:00" "Wednesday, April 5, 9:00" "Wednesday, April 5, 14:00" "Wednesday, April 5, 19:00" "Thursday, April 6, 9:00" "Thursday, April 6, 14:00" "Thursday, April 6, 19:00" "Friday, April 7, 19:00" "Saturday, April 8, 14:00" "Saturday, April 8, 19:00" "Sunday, April 9, 12:00" "Sunday, April 9, 18:00" "Round robin only" "Round Robin only" The awards and all-star team are as follows: All-Star Team Collie Campbell Memorial Award 2017 World Men's Curling Championship The 2017 World Men's

title: Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics

text: enough points in the last two World Mixed Doubles Curling Championships. The Olympic team was decided at the 2018 Canadian Mixed Doubles Curling Olympic Trials. Former Olympic gold medallists John Morris and Kaitlyn Lawes won the trials, and were the mixed doubles representative for Canada. "Thursday, February 8, 9:05" "Thursday, February 8, 20:04" "Friday, February 9, 8:35" "Friday, February 9, 13:35" "Saturday, February 10, 9:05" "Saturday, February 10, 20:04" "Sunday, February 11, 9:05" "Monday, February 12, 9:05" "Tuesday, February 13, 20:05" Based on placements at the 2017 World Figure Skating Championships in Helsinki, Finland, Canada qualified 17 athletes (8 male

title: 2018–19 Curling World Cup – First Leg

text: the World Curling Federation. Member associations may choose to send the same teams to all three legs or have different teams. The following countries qualified for each discipline: "After Draw 15" "Wednesday, September 12, 15:00" "Thursday, September 13, 08:30" "Thursday, September 13, 12:00" "Thursday, September 13, 16:00" "Thursday, September 13, 19:30" "Friday, September 15, 08:30" "Friday, September 15, 12:00" "Friday, September 15, 16:00" "Friday, September 15, 19:30" "Saturday, September 16, 08:30" "Saturday, September 16, 12:00" "Saturday, September 16, 19:30" "Sunday, September 17, 12:00" "After Draw 15" "Wednesday, September 12, 21:00" "Thursday, September 13, 12:00" "Thursday, September 13, 19:30" "Friday, September

title: United States at the 2018 Winter Olympics

text: nations. The United States women's curling team curls out of the Four Seasons Curling Club in Blaine, Minnesota. They were selected by winning the 2017 United States Olympic Curling Trials. The United States has a bye in draws 4, 7, and 11. "Wednesday, February 14, 14:05" "Thursday, February 15, 09:05" "Thursday, February 15, 20:05" "Saturday, February 17, 09:05" "Saturday, February 17, 20:05" "Monday, February 19, 09:05" "Monday, February 19, 20:05" "Tuesday, February 20, 14:05" "Wednesday, February 21, 20:05" Based on results from the 2016 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship and the 2017 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, the United States

title: 2013 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials

text: The top two finishers of the men's and women's events qualified to participate in the Trials. On the men's side, the qualifiers were John Morris and Brad Jacobs, and on the women's side, the qualifiers were Renée Sonnenberg and Valerie Sweeting. The teams are listed as follows: "Final round robin standings" All draw times are listed in Central Standard Time (UTC−6). "Sunday, December 1, 6:30 pm" "Monday, December 2, 1:30 pm" "Tuesday, December 3, 8:30 am" "Tuesday, December 3, 6:30 pm" "Wednesday, December 4, 1:30 pm" "Thursday, December 5, 6:30 pm" "Friday, December 6, 8:30 am" "Saturday, December 7, 1:30

text: Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's curling tournament of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 14 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round robin qualified for the medal round. The teams are listed as follows: All draw times are listed in Seoul Time (UTC+9). "Wednesday, 14 February, 14:05" "Thursday, 15 February, 09:05" "Thursday, 15 February, 20:05" "Friday, 16 February, 14:05" "Saturday, 17 February, 09:05" "Saturday, 17 February, 20:05" "Sunday, 18 February, 14:05"

text: 8:00" "Sunday, December 10, 16:00" "Final Round Robin Standings" All draw times are listed in Central European Time (UTC+1). "Tuesday, December 5, 15:00" "Wednesday, December 6, 8:00" "Wednesday, December 6, 16:00" "Thursday, December 7, 9:00" "Thursday, December 7, 19:00" "Friday, December 8, 14:00" "Saturday, December 9, 9:00" "Saturday, December 9, 19:00" "Sunday, December 10, 12:00" Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Qualification event The Olympic qualifying event was held from 5-10 December 2017 in Plzeň, Czech Republic. The qualification event was open to any nations that earned qualification points at the 2016 or 2017 World Curling Championships or participated

text: 7:00 pm" "Sunday, November 12, 1:00 pm" "Sunday, November 12, 7:00 pm" "Monday, November 13, 11:00 am" "Monday, November 13, 7:00 pm" "Tuesday, November 14, 11:00 am" "Tuesday, November 14, 7:00 pm" "Wednesday, November 15, 11:00 am" "Wednesday, November 15, 7:00 pm" The final round was between the top two teams at the end of the round robin. The teams played a best-of-three series. "Thursday, November 16, 1:30 pm" "Friday, November 17, 1:00pm" "Saturday, November 18, 10:00am" 2017 United States Olympic Curling Trials The 2017 United States Olympic Curling Trials was held from November 11-18, 2017 at Baxter Arena in

text: Curling at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's curling tournament took place at the Vancouver Olympic/Paralympic Centre. The draws took place between 16 and 25 February 2010 and the final took place on 26 February 2010. All start times are in Pacific Standard Time (UTC-8). The preliminary round was a round-robin tournament between all 10 teams; the top four qualified for the medal round. Standings after the preliminary round. Top four qualified for the medal round. Results of the preliminary round. "Tuesday, February 16, 2:00 PM" "Wednesday, February 17, 9:00 AM" "Wednesday, February 17, 7:00 PM" "Thursday,

title: 2017 World Women's Curling Championship

text: "Saturday, March 25, 14:00" "Saturday, March 25, 19:00" "Sunday, March 26, 10:00" "Sunday, March 26, 15:00" "After Round Robin; minimum 5 games" 2017 World Women's Curling Championship The 2017 World Women's Curling Championship (branded as CPT World Women's Curling Championship 2017 for sponsorship reasons) was a curling event held between March 18–26 at the Capital Indoor Stadium in Beijing, China. The winning Rachel Homan rink from Canada was the first team to go through a women's world championship undefeated since the event began in 1979, winning 13 games through the round robin, playoffs and final. Runners-up Russia took their first

title: 2018 World Men's Curling Championship


question: who did cubs beat in 2016 world series

answers: the Indians

answers: Cleveland Indians

title: 2016 National League Championship Series

text: fly by Andrew Toles to make the score 8–4, but induced Justin Turner to ground out to end the game. The win put the Cubs on the brink of the World Series as the series moved back to Wrigley Field. Cubs pitchers Kyle Hendricks and Aroldis Chapman combined to allow only two hits and one walk, facing the minimum 27 batters, the first time this had occurred in postseason play since Don Larsen's perfect game in the 1956 World Series. The Cubs won the series four games to two and won the pennant for the first time since 1945, clinching

title: 2017 Chicago Cubs season

text: Looking to take a 2–0 lead in the series, the Cubs sent Jon Lester to the mound while the Nationals went with Gio González. Lester gave up a first inning home run to Anthony Rendon, but Willson Contreras quickly answered with a homer in the top of the second to tie the game at one. Anthony Rizzo gave the Cubs a 3–1 lead in the fourth when he homered to deep right with Kris Bryant at second. Lester cruised through the Nationals until the fifth inning with two outs and a runner on when he walked back-to-back batters to load

title: 2016 World Series

text: this game.'" The Cubs became the first team to come back from a 3–1 deficit to win the Series since the 1985 Kansas City Royals. They were also the first since the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates to do so while winning Games 6 and 7 on the road, and the second team since the 1979 Pirates to win Game 7 as the visiting team, with the 2014 San Francisco Giants also having achieved that feat in Kansas City; almost one year later, the 2017 Houston Astros did the same thing in Los Angeles. With the Game 7 victory, Joe Maddon is

text: an RBI double by Anthony Rizzo, but the Cubs left runners on base in the first, second, fourth, and fifth innings without another run. The Dodgers tied the game in the fourth following a Howie Kendrick double and steal of third. Adrian Gonzalez hit a ball to Rizzo, who could not field it cleanly, Kendrick scoring. The Dodgers lifted Maeda in the fourth inning. In the sixth, Javier Báez continued his strong post-season by singling. Addison Russell homered to center field to break the deadlock and put the Cubs up 3–1. After stranding two more runners in the seventh, the

title: 2015 National League Championship Series

text: losing team never had a lead during a game. It was also the first since 2007 to end in a sweep and the third best-of-seven NLCS to do so (the other being in 1995). The Mets would go on to lose to the Kansas City Royals in the World Series in five games. The Chicago Cubs finished the 2015 season with a 97–65 record, the third best record in the majors. With new manager Joe Maddon and the great play of pitcher Jake Arrieta and hitters Anthony Rizzo and Kris Bryant, the Cubs experienced their best season since 2008 when

title: Curse of the Billy Goat

text: with them. The Cubs ended the 2016 season with a () record. It was their first 100-win season since 1935 (, ), their best since 1910 (, ), and the sixth 100-win season in franchise history. The Cubs won the National League Championship Series (NLCS), their first pennant in 71 years, with a 5–0 shutout in Game 6 against the Los Angeles Dodgers at Wrigley Field on October 22, 2016, the "curse" was broken on the 46th anniversary of Billy Sianis's death. In 2016, the Cubs won the World Series for the first time since 1908, ending the historic 108-year

title: 2017 National League Division Series

text: the Nationals won to stave off elimination. With both teams' seasons on the line, the Cubs brought back Game 1 starter and winning pitcher Kyle Hendricks while the Nationals countered with Game 2 starter Gio González, who got a no decision. The Cubs struck first in the top of the first off of González with an RBI groundout by Anthony Rizzo, scoring Jon Jay. In the bottom of the second, Daniel Murphy led off the inning by hitting the first pitch from Hendricks into the stands to tie the game at 1–1. After two straight singles, Michael Taylor hit his

text: reached second: Andrew Toles (single, first inning), Josh Reddick (single, eighth inning), and Carlos Ruiz (walk, ninth inning) were all retired on double plays. Reddick reached on a fielding error in the second inning but was picked off at first by Hendricks. As a result, the Cubs faced the minimum numbers of batters (27) to complete a nine-inning Major League Baseball game, a rarity in a postseason contest (Don Larsen's perfect game in the 1956 World Series was the only other occurrence). The Dodgers' World Series drought reached 28 years with the loss. Dodgers starter Clayton Kershaw could not repeat

text: slam off Joe Blanton was followed by a Dexter Fowler homer on the next pitch to put the Cubs back in front 8–3. The Dodgers got a run off Héctor Rondón in the ninth when Joc Pederson singled with one out and scored on Andrew Toles's double, but Chase Utley lined into an inning-ending double play as Game 1 marked the Cubs' first victory in a National League Championship Series since Game 4 of 2003. They had previously lost seven straight NLCS games. Game 2 featured a matchup between two of the league's stingiest pitchers in 2016, in terms of

title: 2016 World Series

title: 2017 Chicago Cubs season

text: Justin Turner drove in a run to stretch the Dodger lead to 5–2. The Cubs managed nothing against the Dodger bullpen which relieved Kershaw after five innings as the Cubs fell behind in the series 1–0. In Game 2, the Cubs sent Jon Lester to the mound on short rest after pitching 3.2 innings in relief in Game 4 of the NLDS. Addison Russell homered off Rich Hill in the fifth to give the Cubs a 1–0 lead, but the Dodger tied it in the bottom half of the fifth on a Culberson double and a Justin Turner single. As

text: a pennant at home for the first time since 1932. Hendricks pitched 7⅓ shutout innings, allowing just two hits and walking none. After he allowed a single in the eighth, Chapman entered and forced a double play to end the eighth and a double play grounder to end the game, series, and the Cubs' 71-year pennant drought. Anthony Rizzo and Willson Contreras each hit home runs and Kris Bryant, Ben Zobrist, and Dexter Fowler each drove in a run as the Cubs jumped to a 5–0 lead in the fifth inning. Of the four Dodgers to reach first base, none

title: 2017 Chicago Cubs season

text: for the Nationals, but did not state who would start any other games. The Nationals later announced Gio González would start Game 2 while Max Scherzer would start Game 3. On October 8, Baker announced that Tanner Roark would start Game 4 for the Nationals. In Game 1 of the Division series, the Cubs faced the Nationals' Stephen Strasburg and were held hitless for five innings. Kyle Hendricks also shut out the Nationals, pitching seven shutout innings while allowing only two hits. In the sixth, Javier Báez reached on an error by Nationals' third basemen Anthony Rendon. Hendricks bunted him

title: 2016 World Series

text: Mike Napoli in the bottom of the eighth, Aroldis Chapman entered to finish the game for the Cubs. The win marked the Cubs' first World Series game victory since 1945 and tied up the series at one game all. The game marked Indians manager Terry Francona's first loss in ten World Series games. For Game 3, former Cubs player Billy Williams threw the ceremonial first pitch before the start of the game, and Bill Murray sang "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" during the seventh-inning stretch, to mark the Cubs' first World Series night game at home. Chicago pitcher

title: 2017 Chicago Cubs season

text: fell 5–0. The loss set the stage for a deciding Game 5 in Washington the next day with the series tied at two. As the teams returned to Washington for the deciding Game 5, the Cubs sent Game 1 starter Kyle Hendricks to the mound while the Nationals started Gio González. The Cubs started the scoring in the first as Jon Jay led off the game with a double and scored on an Anthony Rizzo groundout. The Cubs then loaded the bases with two outs in the first, but Jason Heyward grounded out to end the threat. In the second

title: 2015 National League Division Series

text: defeat the St. Louis Cardinals and win a postseason series for the first time ever in Wrigley Field. The game did not start well for the Cubs with the second batter, Stephen Piscotty, hitting a two-run home run. In the bottom of the second inning, with two on and two outs versus John Lackey, starting pitcher Jason Hammel drove in Starlin Castro with a sharp single to center and Addison Russell's replacement at shortstop, Javier Baez followed with a three-run home run to right. The Cardinals tied the score in the sixth on Tony Cruz's double with two on off

title: History of the Chicago Cubs

text: game, they disposed of the Cardinals in the NLDS in four games (3-1); however, they later lost to the New York Mets in the NLCS (Mets 4- Cubs 0). In 2016, the tide really turned in a positive direction for the Chicago Cubs. They won the NL Central Division crown with a record of 103-58 which was 17.5 games ahead of the second place Cardinals (86-76). The Cubs then defeated the San Francisco Giants in the NLDS (3-1) followed by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the NLCS (4-2) to win the NL pennant for the first time since 1945. In

text: had been blanked in back-to-back games since May 27–28, 2014. The Cubs hitting slump continued as the 2-3-4-5 hitters went 3–27 in the two shutouts. The win gave the Dodgers a 2–1 series lead. Looking to break their two-game scoring drought, the Cubs sent playoff veteran John Lackey to the mound while the Dodgers went with Julio Urías, the youngest pitcher to start a game in postseason history. The Cubs' struggles continued as Urías held them without a hit through three innings. In the bottom of the second, the Dodgers had a scoring chance denied as Adrian Gonzalez was thrown

title: Curse of the Billy Goat

text: Diamondbacks and Los Angeles Dodgers respectively. In 2015, the Cubs finished second in the National League Wild Card race and defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates in the Wild Card Game and the St. Louis Cardinals in the NLDS to advance to the NLCS against the New York Mets. However, the Cubs batted an NLCS record low of .164 and lost the series in a 4-game sweep. (The Cubs thus became the first team ever to get swept in a playoff series by a team they swept in their regular season series.) Sianis's goat was named Murphy. In the 2015 National League

title: 2017 Washington Nationals season

text: the scoring threat evaporated when slumping shortstop Trea Turner, hitless in the series, struck out to end the inning. In relief of González, Matt Albers, Sammy Solis, and Ryan Madson kept the Cubs from adding to their lead in the sixth, seventh, and eighth innings, giving up only a single and a walk and striking out a Cub, but against Lester, who pitched through the sixth inning and whose two-hit performance was the best postseason outing of his career, and Pedro Strop, who pitched the seventh for Chicago, the Nats managed only one base runner, when Strop hit catcher Matt

title: 2016 World Series

text: to score Bryant and give the Cubs an early 1–0 lead. Arrieta started well too, retiring the first two batters before walking back-to-back batters in the bottom of the first. However, Arrieta got a flyout to end the inning. The Cubs struck again in the third following a two-out walk by Rizzo and a single by Ben Zobrist. A single by Kyle Schwarber scored Rizzo from second and pushed the Cubs' lead to 2–0. Bauer was forced from the game in the fourth, and the Cubs struck again in the fifth. Rizzo walked again off Zach McAllister, and Zobrist tripled

title: 2016 World Series

text: the Boston Red Sox, in against the Athletics, in against the New York Yankees, in against the Tigers, in against the Yankees, and in against the Tigers. The Cubs qualified for the postseason by winning the National League Central, ending the regular season with the best record in the major leagues (103–58) for the first time since 1945; they also posted their highest winning percentage since 1935, and won their most games since 1910. The division title was their sixth since division play began in 1969, and their first since 2008. The Cubs entered the postseason as the overall #1

text: Cubs broke the game open in the eighth. Russell reached on an error and pinch hitter Willson Contreras singled. Also pinch-hitting, Albert Almora, Jr. bunted the runners over, Dexter Fowler following with a run-scoring infield single.. An infield single by Kris Bryant scored Contreras. A walk by Ben Zobrist loaded the bases for Baez, whose bases-clearing double put the Cubs up 8–1. The Dodgers scored a run in the bottom of the eighth off Pedro Strop on a double by Carlos Ruiz. Cub closer Aroldis Chapman pitched the ninth. He allowed a run-scoring single by Josh Reddick and a sacrifice

title: 2016 World Series

text: Former Indians pitcher Dennis Martínez threw out the ceremonial first pitch before the game. The Cubs scored three runs in the first inning, all with two outs, on a Kris Bryant home run and a two-run double by Addison Russell after two singles off Josh Tomlin. In the third inning, the Cubs loaded the bases on a walk and two singles off Tomlin, who was relieved by Dan Otero. Following the pitching change, Russell hit a grand slam to extend the Cubs lead to 7–0. Russell's grand slam was the first in a World Series game since Paul Konerko of

title: Joe Maddon

text: ever postseason clinch at Wrigley Field. The Cubs played the Mets in the NLCS, but lost in four games. After the season, Maddon won the National League Manager of the Year Award. Maddon's young Cubs team entered the 2016 season as the bookmakers' favorite to win the World Series. They started the season on a tear, taking over first place in the NL Central on April 11, a lead they never relinquished. By May 10, the Cubs had a record of 25-6 (0.806 win percentage) with a commanding 8.5 game lead in their division. The team would go on to

title: 2017 Chicago Cubs season

text: a three-run, game-winning home run to Turner to give the Dodgers the 4–1 win and a 2–0 lead in the series. As the series shifted to Wrigley Field with the Cubs in an 0–2 hole, Kyle Hendricks looked to keep the Cubs in the series. Kyle Schwarber homered in the first inning to give the Cubs a 1–0 lead, but solo home runs in the second and third innings gave the Dodgers the lead. Hendricks was lifted in the sixth with two runners on and trailing 3–1, but a walk to Dodger starting pitcher Yu Darvish by Carl Edwards Jr.

title: 2017 Chicago Cubs season

text: with the bases loaded moved the score to 4–1. The Dodgers added two more runs in the eighth on a wild pitch by Mike Montgomery and a sacrifice fly to increase the lead to 6–1. Albert Almora Jr. and Alex Avila singled and doubled in the ninth to put runners on second and third with no outs, but Dodger closer Kenley Jansen retired the next three batters to end the game. The loss moved the Cubs to brink of elimination, trailing in the series 3–0. Looking to stave off elimination, the Cubs sent Jake Arrieta to the mound against Dodger

title: 2017 Chicago Cubs season

text: starter Alex Wood who had not yet appeared in the postseason. The Cubs started the scoring in the second on a 491-foot home run by Willson Contreras and, in his first hit in the postseason, Javier Báez also homered to give the Cubs a 2–0 lead in the second inning. The Dodgers answered immediately as Cody Bellinger hit a solo shot in the top of the third to cut the lead in half. Báez homered again in the fifth to extend the lead to 3–1. Arrieta pitched well, allowing only one run in 6.2 innings of work and left with

text: inning, making it a 6–0 game. Matz held the Cubs hitless through three innings, but Chicago mounted its first rally in the bottom of the fourth, loading the bases with nobody out for Starlin Castro. Though Castro hit a bullet of a line drive, Wright made a leaping grab at third base to save an extra base hit and at least two runs. The Cubs would score their first run after an RBI groundout from Kyle Schwarber, but Javier Báez popped out in foul territory near the Cubs bullpen, stranding two runners and leaving the Cubs still down 6–1. In

title: Jim Hendry

text: 3B ever since Ron Santo was traded to the White Sox. Ramirez blossomed into a star with the Cubs, and Lofton provided the spark at the top of the lineup that the Cubs needed. The Cubs won the National League Central Division title in 2003, and beat Atlanta in the National League Division Series, their first postseason series victory since 1908. They then came within five outs from their first World Series appearance since 1945. They were up three games to one on the Florida Marlins in the NLCS and ended up losing the last three games, including the infamous

title: 2016 World Series

long_answer: The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908. Game 7, an 8–7 victory in extra innings, marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 (which, coincidentally, also featured the Indians). It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start. The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3-1 deficit to win a best-of-seven World Series, following the 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates, the 1958 New York Yankees, the 1968 Detroit Tigers, the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates, and the 1985 Kansas City Royals. This was the second time and the first since 1948 where the World Series score was even.


question: who owns the rights to rocky and bullwinkle

answers: Universal Pictures

text: DHX Studios Vancouver with writing and early production duties taking place in Los Angeles. On April 12, 2018, it was announced that Amazon Video had given a series order to the production and that the show would premiere on May 11, 2018. Executive producers were reported to include Scott Fellows and Tiffany Ward, daughter of the original series producer Jay Ward. On December 15, 2018, it was reported that the series would return with the second half of season one in January 2019. Alongside the series announcement, it was confirmed that voice cast would include Tara Strong, Brad Norman, Ben

title: Mr. Peabody & Sherman

text: Rocky and Bullwinkle Show". The short was directed by Gary Trousdale, who is known for co-directing Disney's "Beauty and the Beast", produced by Nolan Cascino, and written by Thomas Lennon and Robert Garant. June Foray was set to reprise her role as Rocket "Rocky" J. Squirrel, while Tom Kenny was set to voice Bullwinkle Moose. The short would have served as a test for a possible feature film based on the characters. "Almost Home", a short based on the DreamWorks Animation film "Home", played before the film instead. However, the new CGI "Rocky & Bullwinkle" short was instead released on

title: Rocky & Bullwinkle (2014 film)

text: Rocky & Bullwinkle (2014 film) Rocky & Bullwinkle is a 2014 American computer-animated direct-to-video short film based on the 1960s animated television series "The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show", produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox. The short was directed by Gary Trousdale, best known for co-directing Disney's "Beauty and the Beast", "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", and "", while Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon were the writers (They also provided the voices of Fearless Leader and the narrator for this short). June Foray reprises her role as Rocky, in her final reprisal of the role before

text: The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (TV series) The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle is an American animated web television series produced by DreamWorks Animation Television which is a reboot of the original "Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends". It debuted on May 11, 2018 on Amazon Video — being DreamWorks Animation Television's first series to air on a streaming service other than Netflix. Like its preceding spin-off "The Mr. Peabody & Sherman Show", animation was outsourced by DHX Media's 2D animation studio in Vancouver, Canada. In December 2018, it was announced that the series would return with new episodes in

title: Rocky & Bullwinkle (2014 film)

text: Peabody & Sherman'. The short features the songs "Bad Romance" by Lady Gaga, and "If You Wanna Be Happy" by Jimmy Soul. Rocky & Bullwinkle (2014 film) Rocky & Bullwinkle is a 2014 American computer-animated direct-to-video short film based on the 1960s animated television series "The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show", produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox. The short was directed by Gary Trousdale, best known for co-directing Disney's "Beauty and the Beast", "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", and "", while Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon were the writers (They also provided the voices of Fearless

text: Diskin, Rachel Butera, Piotr Michael, and Daran Norris. Alongside the series announcement, the first official trailer was released. On April 27, 2018, four clips from the series were released. The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (TV series) The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle is an American animated web television series produced by DreamWorks Animation Television which is a reboot of the original "Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends". It debuted on May 11, 2018 on Amazon Video — being DreamWorks Animation Television's first series to air on a streaming service other than Netflix. Like its preceding spin-off "The Mr. Peabody &

text: Ward (the daughter of Jay). The cast will include Tara Strong as Rocky, Brad Norman as Bullwinkle, Ben Diskin as Boris, Rachel Butera as Natasha, Piotr Michael as Fearless Leader, and Daran Norris as the Narrator. Louis Chunovic. "The Rocky and Bullwinkle Book". Bantam, 1996. The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends is the blanket title for an American animated television series that originally aired from November 19, 1959, to June 27, 1964, on the ABC and NBC television networks. The current blanket title was imposed for home video releases over

text: package shows via 16 mm "Bullwinkle Show" prints and Bridgestone Multimedia released eight episodes as "Rocky and his Friends" using an old broadcast 16 mm print. The copyright status of these 98 episodes (along with some episodes of "Hoppity Hooper") is disputed. As of 2017, the copyright is generally recognized as valid, and attempts to post the gray market releases on video sites have historically been greeted with DMCA takedown notices. In 2002, Jay Ward Productions established a partnership with Classic Media called Bullwinkle Studios. From 2003 to 2005, the partnership produced DVDs of the first three seasons of the

title: The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (film)

text: cameo appearancess by performers including James Rebhorn, Randy Quaid, Paget Brewster, Janeane Garofalo, John Goodman, David Alan Grier, Don Novello, Jon Polito, Carl Reiner, Whoopi Goldberg, Max Grodenchik, Jonathan Winters and Billy Crystal. The film received mixed reviews from critics and was a box office bomb, grossing $35.1 million worldwide against its $76 million budget. Thirty-five years following their show's cancellation in 1964, Rocket J. "Rocky" Squirrel and Bullwinkle J. Moose have been living off the finances of their reruns on TV. Their home, Frostbite Falls, has been destroyed by deforestation, Rocky has lost his ability to fly and the

title: The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends (TV series)

text: and Bullwinkle Show (or The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle or The Adventures of Bullwinkle and Rocky) in syndication. Produced by Jay Ward Productions, the series is structured as a variety show, with the main feature being the serialized adventures of the two title characters, the anthropomorphic flying squirrel Rocky and moose Bullwinkle. The main adversaries in most of their adventures are the two Russian-like spies Boris Badenov and Natasha Fatale, both working for the dictator Fearless Leader. Supporting segments include Dudley Do-Right of the Mounties (a parody of old-time melodrama), Peabody's Improbable History (a dog named Mr. Peabody and

title: Rocky & Bullwinkle (2014 film)

text: her passing on July 27, 2017 (as well as her final role overall), while Tom Kenny voices Bullwinkle. It was released on October 14, 2014 on the Blu-ray 3D of "Mr. Peabody and Sherman" (which is also based on characters from "The Rocky & Bullwinkle Show"). Desperate to finally kill Rocky and Bullwinkle and have them as trophy heads for his rumpus room, Fearless Leader assigns his spies Boris Badenov and Natasha Fatale a new mission: to use a robotic female moose to seduce Bullwinkle, and inevitably destroy him (as well as Rocky in the process). Boris controls the robot's

text: "Mr Know It All" skit that, among other things, had Bullwinkle programming a VCR. Before the two presented their pitch, they soon found out Disney did not have the rights to the actual series, only to the video distribution of the old Bullwinkle show, and the concept was abandoned. The program debuted on home video with two compilation CED Videodiscs released by RCA during the format's rise in the early 1980s, featuring complete, uncut story arcs and accompanying alternating segments and bumpers. Volume 1 contained the complete story for "Wossamotta U", while volume 2 contained "Goof Gas Attack" and "The

text: Fairy Tales" (91), "Peabody's Improbable History" (91), and "Aesop and Son" (39) segments are syndicated as part of "Tennessee Tuxedo and His Tales", and 38 of the 39 "Dudley Do-Right" cartoons are syndicated as part of "Dudley Do Right "(sic)" and Friends". Syndicated versions of the shows distributed outside of the United States and Canada combine the various segments under the package title "Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends"; it is this version of the show that is represented on official DVD releases through DreamWorks Classics and the official online version sold at websites such as Amazon Video. The lead characters

text: two letters of the name and gave it to his moose. Ward wanted to produce the show in Los Angeles; however, Anderson lived in the San Francisco Bay Area and did not want to relocate. As a result, Ward hired Bill Scott as head writer and co-producer at Jay Ward Productions, and he wrote the "Rocky and Bullwinkle" features. Ward was joined by writers Chris Hayward and Allan Burns; the latter eventually became head writer for MTM Enterprises. In a 1982 interview, Scott said, "I got a call from Jay asking if I'd be interested in writing another series, an

text: January 2019. The series sees Rocky and Bullwinkle "thrust into harrowing situations but end up saving the day time and again. As Rocky and Bullwinkle’s innocent and silly ambitions to become rock stars or find lost treasure end up dovetailing with Fearless Leader’s sinister plans to take over the world, our heroes are set on a collision course with his notorious superspies Boris Badenov and Natasha Fatale." On December 10, 2017, it was reported that DreamWorks Animation Television was developing a revival of Jay Ward's "The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends". Animation was expected to be handled by

title: Rocky & Bullwinkle (2014 film)

text: next week he will read "the complete works of Mr. Fifty Cents". Back in story arc, Rocky arrives to crash the wedding on a cruise ship, but Bullwinkle and the robot moose have already been wedded and Bullwinkle dances with the robot to Jimmy Soul's If You Wanna Be Happy. Rocky then discovers it was Boris who lured Bullwinkle away with romantic gestures, and tries to stop him only for Natasha to intervene by challenging him to a duel. Boris eventually gets fed up with the act while getting hit with a bowling ball and evacuates leaving the robotic bride

text: The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends is the blanket title for an American animated television series that originally aired from November 19, 1959, to June 27, 1964, on the ABC and NBC television networks. The current blanket title was imposed for home video releases over 40 years after the series originally aired and was never used when the show was televised; television airings of the show were broadcast under the titles of Rocky and His Friends from 1959 to 1961, The Bullwinkle Show from 1961 to 1964, and The Rocky

title: Jet Fuel Formula

text: of a work of fiction. In one brief scene Capt. Peachfuzz is seen reading a Mr. Peabody comic book. Natasha and Bullwinkle each reckon the passage of time in terms of episodes. Rocky and Bullwinkle respond to comments made by the narrator, and Boris chides him for revealing plot details. The first episode ends with a teaser promoting the next episode with a now-familiar "double title" (Bullwinkle's Ride "or" Goodbye, Dollink). IMDB uses these "titles" to label individual episodes, but on the Rocky and Bullwinkle DVDs they are simply numbered 1 through 40, suggesting that the titles are to be

text: rest of the production staff, including writers and designers. However, no animators were hired. Ad executives at Dancer, Fitzgerald, & Sample, the advertising agency for General Mills, set up an animation studio in Mexico called Gamma Productions S.A. de C.V., originally known as Val-Mar Animation. This outsourcing of the animation for the series was considered financially attractive by primary sponsor General Mills, but caused endless production problems. In a 1982 interview by animation historian Jim Korkis, Bill Scott described some of the problems that arose during production of the series: We found out very quickly that we could not depend

title: Jay Ward Productions

text: Jay Ward Productions Jay Ward Productions, or simply Ward Productions, is an American animation studio based in Los Angeles County, California. It was founded in 1948 by American animator Jay Ward, and was most notable for the "Rocky and Bullwinkle" franchise. The Jay Ward Productions library and rights are managed by Bullwinkle Studios, a joint venture between Jay Ward Productions and DreamWorks Animation. The company was based on the Sunset Strip in West Hollywood, across Sunset Boulevard from the Chateau Marmont Hotel. Jay Ward Productions was an independent studio from 1948 to 1959. It was part of Dancer Fitzgerald Sample

text: on Mexican studios to produce anything of quality. They were turning out the work very quickly and there were all kinds of mistakes and flaws and boo-boos ... They would never check ... Mustaches popped on and off Boris, Bullwinkle's antlers would change, colors would change, costumes would disappear ... By the time we finally saw it, it was on the air. The show was broadcast for the first time on November 19, 1959, on the ABC television network under the title "Rocky and His Friends" twice a week, on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons, following "American Bandstand" at 5:30 p.m.

title: Mr. Peabody & Sherman

text: went through several release date changes. Originally scheduled for March 2014, DreamWorks Animation's high expectations moved the film to November 2013, replacing another DreamWorks Animation film, "Me and My Shadow". The last shift happened in February 2013, which pushed the film back to March 7, 2014, reportedly due to a "more advantageous release window", again replacing "Me and My Shadow". The film premiered a month earlier in the United Kingdom, on February 7, 2014. The film was planned to be theatrically accompanied with a DreamWorks Animation short film, "Rocky & Bullwinkle", based on the Rocky and Bullwinkle characters from "The

title: Jay Ward

text: a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7080 Hollywood Boulevard for his contribution to the television industry, paid for as part of the publicity for the live-action and animation film "The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle". In 2002, Jay Ward Productions established a partnership with Classic Media called Bullwinkle Studios; the partnership produced DVDs of the first five seasons of "Rocky & Bullwinkle & Friends" in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2010 and 2011 respectively, and then switched to releasing "best of" DVD collections of segments from the series. Eventually, the complete fourth and fifth seasons would be released. Until

text: of Rocky and Bullwinkle Season 1" is available in Cracker Barrel for VHS. Years after the Buena Vista releases ended, another series of "Rocky and Bullwinkle" VHS tapes were released, both separately and as a boxed set. These videos included "Upsidaisium", "The Last Angry Moose", "Metal-Munching Mice", "Much Mud", and "Rue Britannia". However, these were released through Goodtimes Video and were not authorized by Ward Productions. The copies used were from 16 mm "Bullwinkle Show" prints. Some other companies also released unauthorized editions of "Rocky and Bullwinkle", including Nostalgia Family Video which also released all 98 of "The Bullwinkle Show"

title: The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends (video game)

text: that allows players to collect extra lives. The mini-games are "Peabody and Sherman", where players control Sherman and blow bubble gum bubbles to clog a dragon's mouth, and "Dudley Do-Right", where players ride a horse and avoid an ever-approaching train which is driven by Snidely Whiplash. The Game Boy version only has three levels, although generally with multiple sections. The first level, Frostbite Falls, has the player control Bullwinkle. The second, on the Moon, uses Rocky, and the final one, the Abominable Manor, uses Bullwinkle again. Before the final section, a bonus level that has Bullwinkle running to the end

text: run of the show. On October 30, 2012, Classic Media released a DVD called "The Complete Fractured Fairy Tales" which includes all 91 "Fractured Fairy Tales" segments. During the time the show was available on Hulu (it was offered as a free series before it went to a subscription-only model), the DVD version of the episodes were used instead of the syndication prints. On April 12, 2018, it was announced that a reboot of the series from DreamWorks Animation would premiere on Amazon Prime Video on May 11, 2018. The series will be executive produced by Scott Fellows and Tiffany

title: Mr. Peabody & Sherman

text: and Michael Corcoran (aka The Outfit), and new original songs by Jukebox the Ghost, JD McPherson, Wordsworth and Prince Paul, and Ra Ra Riot. Mr. Peabody & Sherman Mr. Peabody & Sherman is a 2014 American 3D computer-animated science fiction comedy film based on characters from the Peabody's Improbable History segments of the animated television series "The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show", produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox. The film was directed by Rob Minkoff from a script by Craig Wright, with Alex Schwartz and Denise Nolan Cascino serving as producers and Tiffany Ward, daughter of series

title: Jay Ward

text: for Media, in Beverly Hills, California, in conjunction with "The Jay Ward Legacy Exhibit". Following Ward's death, Alexander Anderson Jr., who had created the initial conceptions of the characters Dudley Do-Right, Bullwinkle and Rocky, but had not received public recognition, learned the characters had been copyrighted in Ward's name alone. He sued Ward's heirs to reclaim credit as a creator, and in 1993 or 1996 (sources differ), Anderson received a settlement and a court order acknowledging him as "the creator of the first version of the characters of Rocky, Bullwinkle, and Dudley". On June 21, 2000, Ward was recognized with

text: the project was canceled because of objections from the NFL. (Actual team owners were parodied and Boris was fixing the game.) Another revival attempt took place at Disney in the mid 1980s, back when they were distributing the show on VHS. Developed by Tad Stone and Michael Peraza, the revival was named "The Secret Adventures of Bullwinkle" and would have been a modern take on the old Bullwinkle show, with the return of characters like Mr. Peabody and Sherman and Dudley Do-Right and would have featured new segments like "Fractured Scary Tales", a parody of horror films, and a new

long_answer: The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show remained in syndicated reruns and was still available for local television stations through The Program Exchange as late as 2016; WBBZ-TV, for instance, aired the show in a strip to counterprogram 10 PM newscasts in the Buffalo, New York market during the summer 2013 season. The underlying rights are now owned by Universal Pictures, which holds the library of predecessor companies DreamWorks Animation and Classic Media, and who in turn with copyright holder Ward Productions forms the joint venture Bullwinkle Studios, which manages the Rocky and Bullwinkle properties; Universal's purchase of Classic Media coincided with The Program Exchange's shutdown.


question: who was the leader of the zulu in south africa who led the fight against the british

answers: Cetshwayo

answers: Cetshwayo kaMpande

title: Mbongeleni Zondi

text: Mbongeleni Zondi Inkosi (Zulu Chief/King) Mbongeleni Zondi (1969 – January 22, 2009) was a Zulu chief and great-grandson of Inkosi Bambatha kaMancinza, who led a Zulu rebellion against British rule in 1906. He was also a close ally of African National Congress President Jacob Zuma and a cultural patron of the ANC leadership in KwaZulu-Natal. At 7:00 AM on January 22, 2009, Zondi was shot to death along Stimela Avenue in Durban’s Umlazi township. At the time, he lived in Msinga in the Midlands, and was visiting his sister in Umlazi. Four men arrived in an SUV; two of them

title: Senzangakhona kaJama

text: Senzangakhona kaJama Senzangakhona kaJama (c. 1762 – 1816) was a chief of the Zulu clan, and primarily notable as the father of three Zulu kings who ruled during the period when the Zulus achieved prominence, led by his oldest son Shaka. His father was King Jama kaNdaba and his mother was Queen Mthaniya Sibiya. He succeeded on his father's death. During the chieftaincy of Senzangakhona, the Zulus were a small clan in the Mthethwa confederation which was ruled by Dingiswayo. Senzangakhona’s name is derived from the Zulu word meaning "he who acts with a good reason". Although the Zulus practised

title: Anthony Durnford

text: decision not to fortify the camp (which was in direct violation of his own standing pre-campaign orders). In the 1979 film "Zulu Dawn", which depicted the battle of Isandlwana, Durnford was portrayed by Burt Lancaster. Anthony Durnford Lieutenant-Colonel Anthony William Durnford (24 June 1830 – 22 January 1879) was an Irish career British Army officer of the Royal Engineers who served in the Anglo-Zulu War. Breveted colonel, Durnford is mainly known for his heroic presence at the defeat of the British Army by the Zulus at the Battle of Isandlwana. Durnford was born into a military family at Manorhamilton, County

title: Henry Cele

text: Henry Cele Henry Cele () (30 January 1949 – 2 November 2007) was a South African actor noted for his portrayal of the great Zulu Warrior King Shaka kaSenzangakhona in the South African television miniseries "Shaka Zulu." Henry Cele was born on 30 January 1949 in KwaMashu, Durban, South Africa. As a member of the Cele family he was referred to by his clan name Ndosi (Bavela KwaMthetwa), or Magaye. Cele, nicknamed "Black Cat" for his prowess as a goalkeeper, played for Aces United in the old South African Soccer League (SASL) in the 1960s. He also played for Zulu

title: Henry Francis Fynn

text: Shaka and the kingdom of the Zulu in South Africa. He was played by Robert Powell in the 1986 television drama "Shaka Zulu". Fynn's son, also Henry Francis attended St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown in 1858 and 1859. Francis Farewell, leader of the colonists "This article draws heavily on the article in the German-language Wikipedia, which was accessed in the version of 19 July 2011". Henry Francis Fynn Henry Francis Fynn (29 March 1803 in Grosvenor Square, London, England – 20 September 1861 in Durban, Natal, South Africa) was an English traveler and trader. His diary covers the period from 1824

title: Lindiwe Zulu

text: Lindiwe Zulu Lindiwe Daphney Zulu (born 21 April 1958) is South Africa's Minister of Small Business Development. She was the special advisor to the President on International Relations. She previously served as the head of communication for the PAN African women’s organisation in Angola in 1988. In 1989 she moved to Lusaka, Zambia where she held the position of head of communication in the ANC department of Religious Affairs. In 1990 she moved to Uganda where she was the head of communication and administrator in the ANC office. In 1991 she returned to South Africa and became the head of

title: Mbongeni Ngema

text: the heart of Zululand, with the wealth of his heritage, bringing vividly to life the historic panoply of the Zulu nation. "The Zulu" continues its triumphant tours of South Africa, filling theatres around the country, and is set to soon tour abroad. Ngema prides himself on being from the lineage of the warriors Mbandama and Sigcwelegcwele kaMhlekehleke of the Ngema clan who led the Ingoba Makhosi regiment, a pivotal regiment that defeated the British armies at the Battle of Isandlwana in the Anglo-Zulu war, on 22 January 1879. To add to the growing list of accolades, Ngema has recently been

title: Kleist Sykes

text: Zulu warriors. The Zulu mercenaries were under the leadership of Chief Mohosh of Inhambane, Mozambique. They were recruited from a village named Kwa Likunyi in Mozambique. Among the mercenaries was my grandfather, Sykes Mbuwane. This was just after the Berlin Conference of 1884 in which Africa was partitioned between imperial powers in Europe. This caused resistance and from 1888-89 the people of Tanganyika rose up in arms to defend their freedom. Germans had a military camp at Pangani, the small coastal town few miles from Tanga which in those days was an important town in the German administration. It was

title: Mangosuthu Buthelezi

text: Mangosuthu Buthelezi Mangosuthu Buthelezi (born 27 August 1928) is a South African politician and Zulu tribal leader who founded the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) in 1975 and was Chief Minister of the KwaZulu bantustan until 1994. He was Minister of Home Affairs of South Africa from 1994 to 2004. His praise name is Shenge. He was also previously called Gatsha. Throughout most of the apartheid era, Buthelezi was considered one of the foremost black leaders. He played a key role in creating a framework for a negotiated solution to South Africa's racial conflict, signing the landmark Mahlabatini Declaration of Faith

title: Anglo-Zulu War

title: Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo

text: or 45. He was succeeded by his son Solomon kaDinuzulu. A statue of Dinuzulu has been erected next to the statue of General Louis Botha, the first prime minister of the Transvaal colony, at the corner of Berea Road and Warwick Avenue in Durban. Beads from Dinuzulu's necklace—claimed to have been found by Robert Baden-Powell—were later presented to Scout leaders following Wood Badge leadership training. Today the Wood Badge beads are replicas of the original beads. Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo (1868 – 18 October 1913, commonly misspelled Dinizulu) was the king of the Zulu nation from 20 May 1884 until

title: Zulu royal family

text: Zulu royal family The Zulu royal family consists of the reigning monarch of the Zulus of South Africa, King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, his consorts, legitimate descendants, near relatives and male-line descendants of his great-great-grandfather, King Mpande who, as a half-brother of the Zulu "Pater Patriae", King Shaka, reigned from 1840 to 1872. Shaka's policies and conquests transformed a small clan into one of South Africa's most influential pre-colonial realms, extending over much of what is now KwaZulu-Natal. The Nguni-speaking clan of the southern Bantus, which evolved into the Zulu people, takes its name from the third of its recorded chiefs.

title: Dabulamanzi kaMpande

text: was Sanguza, one of Mpande's many wives. He took part in the Battle of Isandlwana, where he led the Undi Corps. He then led the Zulu force at the Battle of Rorke's Drift. Dabulamanzi had been specifically instructed by his brother not to attack the British outside Zulu territory, but ignored him. Dabulamanzi's tactics were ineffective, allowing the small British force to repel the Zulus. Dabulamanzi subsequently organised the Siege of Eshowe, a blockade at Fort Eshowe which isolated British troops for two months. When Lord Chelmsford arrived with a relief force, Dabulamanzi led the right wing of the Zulu

title: Dingiswayo

text: Dingiswayo Dingiswayo () (c.1780 – 1817) (born Godongwana) was a Mthethwa chief, well known for his mentorship over a young Zulu general, Shaka Zulu, who rose to become the greatest of the Zulu kings. His father was the Mthethwa chief Jobe, and Jobe was the son of Kayi, who may be seen as the founder of the Mthethwa kingdom. It was under Dingiswayo that the Mthethwa rose to prominence, mostly employing diplomacy and assimilation of nearby chiefdoms to strengthen his power base. Dingiswayo was born into the Mthethwa royal family, and was son of Jobe. According to Muzi Mthethwa (1995),

title: Josiah Tshangana Gumede

text: and the Reverend William August Illing, a German-trained Lutheran missionary who after 1869 renounced his Lutheran faith and became a convert of the Anglican Church. The Zulu Choir experienced blatant racial prejudice in England. He was a founding member of two important African organisations in colonial Natal, Funamalungelo and the Natal Native Congress, although he did not attend the inaugural meeting of the Natal Native Congress in June 1900. He was serving as head of the Sotho Scouts during the Anglo Boer War of 1899-1902. His testimony before the South African Native Affairs, the so-called Lagden Commission of 1904 revealed

title: Zulu royal family

text: KwaZulu Natal in conjunction with the province's "UNdunankulu weSizwe samaZulu". The dynasty is Christian and practices polygamy, agnates of the dynasty bearing the prefix "Prince/Princess" and the surname "Zulu", while holding the rank of "KaBhekuZulu", (i.e. "prince of the Blood"). The present head of the Zulu royal family is King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, the current monarch of the Zulu nation of South Africa. He was born on 14 July 1948, in Nongoma, KwaZulu-Natal. He became king on the death of his father, King Cyprian Bhekuzulu kaSolomon in 1968. As of 2004, Goodwill Zwelethini had six wives and 27 children: Zulu

title: Zulu royal family

text: whom have living descendants. In 1887 the British annexed Zululand, effectively mediatising the Zulu dynasty as paramount chiefs in the region. The Zulu people and dynasty retained their distinct cultural identity and a measure of independence under the governments of South Africa through the establishment of Zululand as a bantustan and the subsequent abolition of apartheid in the Republic. As paramount chief within the Republic of South Africa and pursuant to the preservation of African traditional leadership, the hereditary head of the Zulu dynasty retains kingly dignity, ethnic leadership, ritual authority and a civil list, reigning but not ruling in

title: South African Wars (1879–1915)

text: during the Bantu migrations. The Zulu tribe traditionally resided in the Natal province on the eastern side of South Africa. The Zulu were involved in two major wars. They fought against the British colonials in the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879. The Zulu were eventually overpowered by superior British technology. The Anglo-Zulu war resulted in the absorption of traditional Zululand into the British Cape Colony. The second conflict also involved Zulu and British colonials. Bambatha, a leader of the Zondi clan led a rebellion against British authority in the Natal province. The rebellion was suppressed by British colonial forces. The British

title: Marthinus Nikolaas Ras

text: on the way back to his farm at Bokfontein, he was ambushed and killed at Kaya's Put by an impi (African war party) of the Kgatla tribal chief Linchwe, an African tribe fighting on the side of the British. Marthinus Nikolaas Ras Marthinus Nikolaas Ras (18 January 1853 – 21 February 1900) was a South African farmer, soldier, and gun-maker who is considered the father of South African Artillery. He served in the First Boer War in the Potchefstroom commando under General Piet Cronjé. After witnessing the siege on the British fort at Potchefstroom by the Boers, he realized the

title: Solomon kaDinuzulu

text: became famous as a singer of traditional Zulu songs as well as for being the mother of Mangosuthu Buthelezi, leader of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP). He was succeeded by his son Cyprian Bhekuzulu kaSolomon. Solomon kaDinuzulu Solomon kaDinuzulu (1891–1933) was the king of the Zulu nation from 1913 until his death on 4 March 1933 at Kambi at the age of 41 or 42. He was born on the island of St. Helena during the exile there of his father, king Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo. In conjunction with the ANC he was a founder of the original Inkatha (or "Inkatha kaZulu"

title: Nathaniel Isaacs

text: wrote ""The differences between Maclean's and Isaacs' accounts [of Shaka's brutality] are so glaring that one is forced to ask which of the two is plain lying."" Nathaniel Isaacs Nathaniel Isaacs (1808–1872) was an English adventurer who played a part in the history of Natal, South Africa. He wrote a book spread over two volumes (whose accuracy is now disputed) called "Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa". This book subsequently became one of the principal sources quoted by writers of the history of Natal including Morris ("The Washing of the Spears: The Rise and Fall of the Zulu Nation"), Ritter

title: Legends of Africa

text: He is widely credited with transforming the Zulu tribe from a small clan into the beginnings of a nation that held sway over the large portion of Southern Africa that stretches between the Phongolo and Mzimkhulu rivers. His military prowess and destructiveness have been widely studied by modern scholarship. One "Encyclopædia Britannica" article (Macropaedia Article "Shaka" 1974 ed) asserts that he was something of a military genius for his reforms and innovations. Other writers take a more limited view of his achievements. Nevertheless, his statesmanship and vigour in assimilating some neighbours and ruling by proxy marks him as one of

title: Mageba kaGumede

text: Mageba kaGumede King Mageba kaGumede (c. 1667c. 1745) was an early leader of the Zulu people of South Africa. Mageba is said to have succeeded his twin brother Phunga as leader of the Zulu clan on Phunga's death in about 1727. (This succession between close brothers is reflected by references in Zulu praise poetry such as "Zulu ka Phunga no Mageba!" ("Zulus, children of Phunga and Mageba!")). Mageba had at least two sons: Ndaba, who succeeded him as king, and Mpangazitha. Mpangazitha married his cousin, and it is from this marriage that the Mbatha clan as well as the Mageza

title: Bhambatha

text: Bhambatha Bambata, or Bhambatha kaMancinza (c. 1865–1906?), also known as Mbata Bhambatha, was a Zulu chief of the amaZondi clan in the Colony of Natal and son of Mancinza. He is famous for his role in an armed rebellion in 1906 when the poll tax was raised from a tax per hut to per head (£1 tax on all native men older than 18 – infamously called ukhandampondo), increasing hardship during a severe economic depression. Bhambatha claims that he was told to lead an armed rebellion by the de facto Zulu King Dinizulu. Dinizulu disputed this account and no convincing

title: Lindiwe Zulu

text: was elected to the ANC national executive committee. In 2009 Ms Zulu was elected to Parliament as an MP to the National Assembly. She currently serves as the small business minister. Zulu was born on 21 April 1958 in the village of Nhlazatshe, Mpumalanga; however the village was razed to the ground during Apartheid. The village was forced to set up new homes in Madadeni, Newcastle which was in the Zululand Bantustan province. Zulu's parents moved their family to Swaziland as her mother is a Swazi from Gege. She was educated at St. Theresa’s and Mjingo schools before attending the

title: Langalibalele

text: clan. Shaka expanded the Zulu clan into a tribe, by attacking neighbouring clans and assimilating the survivors; his aggression caused the catastrophe of the "Mfecane". At the time of Langalibalele's birth, European settlements in Southern Africa were confined to Cape Colony and to Portuguese fortress of Lourenço Marques. In 1824 Fynn established a small British settlement at Port Natal (later to become Durban) but the British Government declined to take possession of the port. From 1834 onwards, the Voortrekkers (Dutch-speaking farmers) started to migrate from the Cape Colony in large numbers and in 1837 crossed the Drakensberg into KwaZulu-Natal where,

title: Zulu people

text: 2 million lived in the rest of South Africa. The Chief Minister of KwaZulu, from its creation in 1970 (as Zululand) was Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi. In 1994, KwaZulu was joined with the province of Natal, to form modern KwaZulu-Natal. "Inkatha YeSizwe" means "the crown of the nation". In 1975, Buthelezi revived the Inkatha YaKwaZulu, predecessor of the Inkatha Freedom Party. This organization was nominally a protest movement against apartheid, but held more conservative views than the ANC. For example, Inkatha was opposed to the armed struggle, and to sanctions against South Africa. Inkatha was initially on good terms with the

title: Ndlela kaSompisi

text: life (culture). In 2004 a monument to Ndlela kaSompisi was unveiled in KwaZulu Natal, attended by Jacob Zuma. Ndlela kaSompisi Ndlela kaSompisi (died February 1840) was a key general to Zulu Kings Shaka and Dingane. He rose to prominence as a highly effective warrior under Shaka. Dingane appointed him as his "inDuna", or chief advisor. He was also the principal commander of Dingane's armies. However, Ndlela's failure to defeat the Boers under Andries Pretorius and a rebellion against Dingane led to his execution. According to E. A. Ritter Ndlela was a "Ntuli cannibal recruit" to Shaka's army. His name means

title: George Morris Sutton

text: Press, 2006, , Pages 152-153 George Morris Sutton George Morris Sutton (8 July 1834 - 30 November 1913) was a South African politician and farmer. Born in Britain, he served as the Prime Minister of the British Colony of Natal from 18 August 1903 to 16 May 1905. Sutton was born on 8 July 1834 in Crowland, Lincolnshire to Joseph Sutton and Elizabeth Price (née Cherrington). In 1854 he emigrated to the United States, where in 1859 he married Harriett Burkitt, mother of his two sons. After living for some years in Chicago, Illinois, Sutton emigrated to the British Crown

title: Ndwandwe–Zulu War

text: become recognized as head of the Zulus after Senzangakhona died in 1816. The two chieftains were close friends, and their warriors fought together against common enemies, such as the Ndwandwe headed by King Zwide. After Dingiswayo was captured and executed by Zwide, the Mthethwa people placed themselves under Shaka and took the Zulu name. Shaka revolutionized traditional ways of fighting by introducing the assegai, a short stabbing spear, as a weapon and by organizing warriors into disciplined units that fought in close formation behind large cowhide shields. In the Battle of Gqokli Hill in 1817, his troops and tactics prevailed

title: Anglo-Zulu War

long_answer: Frere, on his own initiative, without the approval of the British government and with the intent of instigating a war with the Zulu, had presented an ultimatum on 11 December 1878, to the Zulu king Cetshwayo with which the Zulu king could not comply, including disbanding his army and abandoning key cultural traditions. Bartle Frere then sent Lord Chelmsford to invade Zululand after this ultimatum was not met. The war is notable for several particularly bloody battles, including an opening victory of the Zulu at the Battle of Isandlwana, followed by the defeat of a large Zulu army at Rorke's Drift by a small force of British troops. The war eventually resulted in a British victory and the end of the Zulu nation's dominance of the region.