title: Demografía de Jamaica
text: # Demografía de Jamaica
  
  Este artículo es sobre las características demográficas de la población de Jamaica, incluyendo la densidad de población, nivel de educación, la salud de la población, la situación económica, las afiliaciones religiosas y otros aspectos de la población.
  
  ## Población
  
  De acuerdo con la revisión de 2012 del World Population Prospects la población total era de 2.741.000 en 2010, frente a sólo 1.403.000 en 1950. El porcentaje de niños menores de 15 años en 2010 fue de 29%, el 63,1% era de entre 15 y 65 años de edad, mientras que el 7,8% era de 65 años o más.
  
  | | Población total (x 1000) | Proporción de 0–14 años (%) | Proporción de 15–64 años (%) | Proporción de 65+ años (%) |
  | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1950 | 1 403 | 36.0 | 60.1 | 3.9 |
  | 1955 | 1 542 | 37.1 | 58.8 | 4.1 |
  | 1960 | 1 629 | 41.7 | 54.0 | 4.3 |
  | 1965 | 1 760 | 43.4 | 51.2 | 5.4 |
  | 1970 | 1 869 | 47.0 | 47.5 | 5.6 |
  | 1975 | 2 012 | 45.2 | 49.0 | 5.8 |
  | 1980 | 2 132 | 40.3 | 53.0 | 6.7 |
  | 1985 | 2 297 | 37.3 | 55.8 | 6.9 |
  | 1990 | 2 365 | 35.2 | 57.6 | 7.3 |
  | 1995 | 2 462 | 33.9 | 58.8 | 7.2 |
  | 2000 | 2 582 | 32.7 | 59.9 | 7.5 |
  | 2005 | 2 682 | 31.1 | 61.2 | 7.7 |
  | 2010 | 2 741 | 29.0 | 63.1 | 7.8 |
  
  ## Estadísticas vitales
  
  | | Población promedio (x 1000) | Nacidos vivos | Muertos | Cambio natural | Tasa bruta de natalidad (por 1000) | Tasa bruta de mortalidad (por 1000) | Cambio natural (por 1000) |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1900 | 750 | 26 800 | 16 200 | 10 600 | 35.7 | 21.6 | 14.1 |
  | 1901 | 756 | 32 100 | 17 200 | 14 900 | 42.5 | 22.8 | 19.7 |
  | 1902 | 760 | 29 900 | 15 000 | 14 900 | 39.3 | 19.8 | 19.5 |
  | 1903 | 770 | 30 900 | 19 100 | 11 800 | 40.1 | 24.8 | 15.3 |
  | 1904 | 780 | 28 500 | 19 400 | 9 100 | 36.5 | 24.9 | 11.6 |
  | 1905 | 790 | 31 100 | 17 500 | 13 600 | 39.4 | 22.2 | 17.2 |
  | 1906 | 790 | 30 700 | 21 200 | 9 500 | 38.9 | 26.8 | 12.1 |
  | 1907 | 800 | 28 800 | 23 400 | 5 400 | 36.0 | 29.2 | 6.8 |
  | 1908 | 810 | 31 300 | 18 700 | 12 600 | 38.7 | 23.1 | 15.6 |
  | 1909 | 820 | 32 300 | 18 600 | 13 700 | 39.4 | 22.7 | 16.7 |
  | 1910 | 820 | 31 600 | 18 900 | 12 700 | 38.5 | 23.1 | 15.4 |
  | 1911 | 831 | 32 500 | 18 500 | 14 000 | 39.1 | 22.3 | 16.8 |
  | 1912 | 830 | 32 500 | 21 100 | 11 400 | 39.2 | 25.4 | 13.8 |
  | 1913 | 840 | 30 200 | 18 600 | 11 600 | 36.0 | 22.1 | 13.9 |
  | 1914 | 840 | 33 400 | 18 400 | 15 000 | 39.8 | 21.9 | 17.9 |
  | 1915 | 840 | 29 800 | 18 600 | 11 200 | 35.5 | 22.1 | 13.4 |
  | 1916 | 840 | 28 700 | 19 400 | 9 300 | 34.2 | 23.1 | 11.1 |
  | 1917 | 850 | 29 900 | 23 600 | 6 300 | 35.2 | 27.8 | 7.4 |
  | 1918 | 850 | 30 100 | 29 100 | 1 000 | 35.4 | 34.2 | 1.2 |
  | 1919 | 850 | 29 700 | 19 500 | 10 200 | 34.9 | 22.9 | 12.0 |
  | 1920 | 860 | 36 200 | 22 500 | 13 700 | 42.1 | 26.2 | 15.9 |
  | 1921 | 858 | 29 900 | 24 300 | 5 600 | 34.9 | 28.3 | 6.6 |
  | 1922 | 870 | 32 500 | 20 000 | 12 500 | 37.4 | 23.0 | 14.4 |
  | 1923 | 890 | 34 400 | 20 500 | 13 900 | 38.7 | 23.0 | 15.7 |
  | 1924 | 910 | 33 700 | 19 900 | 13 800 | 37.0 | 21.9 | 15.1 |
  | 1925 | 930 | 32 500 | 20 100 | 12 400 | 34.9 | 21.6 | 13.3 |
  | 1926 | 950 | 36 500 | 19 500 | 17 000 | 38.4 | 20.5 | 17.9 |
  | 1927 | 960 | 33 300 | 20 300 | 13 000 | 34.7 | 21.1 | 13.6 |
  | 1928 | 980 | 35 100 | 19 300 | 15 800 | 35.8 | 19.7 | 16.1 |
  | 1929 | 1 000 | 34 200 | 18 400 | 15 800 | 34.2 | 18.4 | 15.8 |
  | 1930 | 1 020 | 38 300 | 17 600 | 20 700 | 37.5 | 17.3 | 20.2 |
  | 1931 | 1 030 | 36 400 | 19 500 | 16 900 | 35.3 | 18.9 | 16.4 |
  | 1932 | 1 047 | 34 200 | 18 200 | 16 000 | 32.7 | 17.4 | 15.3 |
  | 1933 | 1 067 | 35 600 | 21 000 | 14 600 | 33.4 | 19.7 | 13.7 |
  | 1934 | 1 081 | 34 247 | 18 731 | 15 516 | 31.7 | 17.3 | 14.4 |
  | 1935 | 1 096 | 37 379 | 19 706 | 17 673 | 34.1 | 18.0 | 16.1 |
  | 1936 | 1 111 | 36 561 | 19 629 | 16 932 | 32.9 | 17.7 | 15.2 |
  | 1937 | 1 123 | 35 352 | 17 481 | 17 871 | 31.5 | 15.6 | 15.9 |
  | 1938 | 1 142 | 37 970 | 19 124 | 18 846 | 33.3 | 16.8 | 16.5 |
  | 1939 | 1 162 | 37 474 | 17 536 | 19 938 | 32.3 | 15.1 | 17.2 |
  | 1940 | 1 183 | 36 462 | 18 243 | 18 219 | 30.8 | 15.4 | 15.4 |
  | 1941 | 1 205 | 37 829 | 17 317 | 20 512 | 31.4 | 14.4 | 17.0 |
  | 1942 | 1 227 | 40 165 | 17 545 | 22 620 | 32.7 | 14.3 | 18.4 |
  | 1943 | 1 248 | 39 371 | 17 558 | 21 813 | 31.5 | 14.1 | 17.4 |
  | 1944 | 1 260 | 41 772 | 18 976 | 22 796 | 33.2 | 15.1 | 18.1 |
  | 1945 | 1 266 | 37 954 | 18 874 | 19 080 | 30.0 | 14.9 | 15.1 |
  | 1946 | 1 292 | 39 918 | 17 272 | 22 646 | 30.9 | 13.4 | 17.5 |
  | 1947 | 1 321 | 43 267 | 18 770 | 24 497 | 32.8 | 14.2 | 18.5 |
  | 1948 | 1 345 | 41 463 | 17 869 | 23 594 | 30.8 | 13.3 | 17.5 |
  | 1949 | 1 365 | 44 377 | 16 859 | 27 518 | 32.5 | 12.4 | 20.2 |
  | 1950 | 1 403 | 46 459 | 16 677 | 29 782 | 33.1 | 11.9 | 21.2 |
  | 1951 | 1 437 | 48 561 | 17 250 | 31 311 | 34.0 | 12.1 | 21.9 |
  | 1952 | 1 468 | 48 902 | 16 695 | 32 207 | 33.6 | 11.5 | 22.1 |
  | 1953 | 1 496 | 51 131 | 15 442 | 35 689 | 34.4 | 10.4 | 24.0 |
  | 1954 | 1 521 | 53 630 | 16 302 | 37 328 | 36.5 | 11.1 | 25.4 |
  | 1955 | 1 542 | 55 767 | 15 328 | 40 439 | 37.5 | 10.3 | 27.2 |
  | 1956 | 1 560 | 58 177 | 14 670 | 43 507 | 38.5 | 9.7 | 28.8 |
  | 1957 | 1 576 | 60 445 | 14 129 | 46 316 | 39.4 | 9.2 | 30.2 |
  | 1958 | 1 592 | 63 517 | 14 813 | 48 704 | 40.6 | 9.5 | 31.1 |
  | 1959 | 1 609 | 63 874 | 16 549 | 47 325 | 39.9 | 10.3 | 29.6 |
  | 1960 | 1 629 | 68 413 | 14 321 | 54 092 | 42.5 | 8.9 | 33.6 |
  | 1961 | 1 652 | 66 128 | 14 193 | 51 935 | 40.5 | 8.7 | 31.8 |
  | 1962 | 1 679 | 64 913 | 14 167 | 50 746 | 39.1 | 8.5 | 30.6 |
  | 1963 | 1 707 | 66 189 | 15 159 | 51 030 | 39.0 | 8.9 | 30.1 |
  | 1964 | 1 735 | 68 359 | 13 267 | 55 092 | 39.3 | 7.6 | 31.7 |
  | 1965 | 1 760 | 69 768 | 14 084 | 55 684 | 39.6 | 8.0 | 31.6 |
  | 1966 | 1 783 | 71 364 | 14 288 | 57 076 | 40.0 | 8.0 | 32.0 |
  | 1967 | 1 804 | 67 438 | 13 295 | 54 143 | 37.4 | 7.4 | 30.0 |
  | 1968 | 1 824 | 65 402 | 14 557 | 50 845 | 35.9 | 8.0 | 27.9 |
  | 1969 | 1 845 | 64 668 | 14 094 | 50 574 | 35.1 | 7.6 | 27.4 |
  | 1970 | 1 869 | 64 375 | 14 352 | 50 023 | 34.4 | 7.7 | 26.8 |
  | 1971 | 1 896 | 66 277 | 14 078 | 52 199 | 34.9 | 7.4 | 27.5 |
  | 1972 | 1 925 | 66 219 | 13 970 | 52 249 | 34.3 | 7.2 | 27.1 |
  | 1973 | 1 955 | 61 857 | 14 157 | 47 700 | 31.6 | 7.2 | 24.3 |
  | 1974 | 1 984 | 61 506 | 14 374 | 47 132 | 30.9 | 7.2 | 23.7 |
  | 1975 | 2 012 | 61 462 | 14 004 | 47 458 | 30.3 | 6.9 | 23.4 |
  | 1976 | 2 037 | 60 658 | 14 671 | 45 987 | 29.6 | 7.2 | 22.4 |
  | 1977 | 2 059 | 60 423 | 14 245 | 46 178 | 29.1 | 6.9 | 22.3 |
  | 1978 | 2 081 | 58 189 | 12 148 | 46 041 | 27.9 | 5.8 | 22.1 |
  | 1979 | 2 105 | 59 126 | 13 297 | 45 829 | 28.0 | 6.3 | 21.7 |
  | 1980 | 2 132 | 58 589 | 12 706 | 45 883 | 27.5 | 6.0 | 21.5 |
  | 1981 | 2 165 | 59 435 | 13 315 | 46 120 | 27.5 | 6.2 | 21.3 |
  | 1982 | 2 200 | 61 477 | 12 698 | 48 779 | 27.9 | 5.8 | 22.2 |
  | 1983 | 2 237 | 61 417 | 12 588 | 48 829 | 27.4 | 5.6 | 21.8 |
  | 1984 | 2 270 | 57 533 | 13 405 | 44 128 | 25.2 | 5.9 | 19.4 |
  | 1985 | 2 297 | 56 210 | 13 918 | 42 292 | 24.3 | 6.0 | 18.3 |
  | 1986 | 2 317 | 54 067 | 13 341 | 40 726 | 23.1 | 5.7 | 17.4 |
  | 1987 | 2 332 | 52 270 | 12 352 | 39 918 | 22.2 | 5.3 | 17.0 |
  | 1988 | 2 342 | 53 623 | 12 167 | 41 456 | 22.7 | 5.2 | 17.6 |
  | 1989 | 2 353 | 59 104 | 14 315 | 44 789 | 24.7 | 6.0 | 18.7 |
  | 1990 | 2 365 | 59 606 | 12 174 | 47 432 | 25.2 | 5.1 | 20.1 |
  | 1991 | 2 381 | 59 879 | 13 319 | 46 560 | 25.2 | 5.6 | 19.6 |
  | 1992 | 2 399 | 56 276 | 13 225 | 43 051 | 23.5 | 5.5 | 17.9 |
  | 1993 | 2 419 | 58 627 | 13 927 | 44 700 | 24.2 | 5.8 | 18.5 |
  | 1994 | 2 440 | 57 404 | 13 503 | 43 901 | 23.5 | 5.5 | 18.0 |
  | 1995 | 2 462 | 57 607 | 12 776 | 44 831 | 23.4 | 5.2 | 18.2 |
  | 1996 | 2 485 | 57 370 | 14 854 | 42 516 | 23.1 | 6.0 | 17.1 |
  | 1997 | 2 509 | 59 385 | 15 967 | 43 418 | 23.7 | 6.4 | 17.3 |
  | 1998 | 2 534 | 56 937 | 16 150 | 40 787 | 22.5 | 6.4 | 16.1 |
  | 1999 | 2 559 | 56 911 | 17 550 | 39 361 | 22.2 | 6.9 | 15.4 |
  | 2000 | 2 582 | 54 035 | 16 400 | 37 635 | 20.9 | 6.4 | 14.6 |
  | 2001 | 2 605 | 49 291 | 16 615 | 32 676 | 18.9 | 6.4 | 12.5 |
  | 2002 | 2 627 | 47 464 | 16 728 | 30 736 | 18.1 | 6.4 | 11.7 |
  | 2003 | 2 647 | 45 559 | 17 267 | 28 292 | 17.2 | 6.5 | 10.7 |
  | 2004 | 2 666 | 44 843 | 16 332 | 28 511 | 16.8 | 6.1 | 10.7 |
  | 2005 | 2 682 | 46 370 | 17 413 | 28 957 | 17.3 | 6.5 | 10.8 |
  | 2006 | 2 696 | 43 243 | 18 960 | 24 283 | 16.0 | 7.0 | 9.0 |
  | 2007 | 2 708 | 43 385 | 20 550 | 22 835 | 16.0 | 7.6 | 8.4 |
  | 2008 | 2 719 | 43 112 | 19 966 | 23 146 | 15.9 | 7.3 | 8.5 |
  | 2009 | 2 730 | 42 782 | 18 555 | 24 227 | 15.7 | 6.8 | 8.9 |
  | 2010 | 2 741 | 40 508 | 21 503 | 19 005 | 14.8 | 7.8 | 6.9 |
  | 2011 | 2 755 | 39 673 | 16 926 | 22 747 | 14.4 | 6.1 | 8.3 |
  | 2012 | 2 769 | 39 348 | 16 998 | 22 350 | 14.2 | 6.1 | 8.1 |
  
  ## Idiomas
  
  Inglés (oficial), patois jamaicano, Lengua de Signos jamaicano, Lengua de Signos Nacional de Jamaica, árabe levantino, portugués, español. También incluye el chino mandarín y Kromanti.
  
  ## Religión
  
  Protestantismo 39% (Iglesia de Dios 21.2%, Baptistas 5.3%, Adventistas del Séptimo Día 9%, Pentecostal 10.5%, Metodistas 2.7%, Iglesia Unida 2.7%, Anglicanismo 3.7%, Bethren 1,1%, Testigos de Jehová 1.6%, Hermanos Moravos 1.1%), Iglesia católica 10.4%, otros y ateos 46.9% (1995) (300 Judíos).
  
  ## CIA World Factbook
  
  Las siguientes estadísticas demográficas son de la CIA World Factbook.
  
  ### Población
  
  2.868.380 (2011 est.), 2.804.334 (julio de 2008 est.)
  
  ### Tasa de migración neta
  
  -4,99 Migrante(s)/1000 la población (2013 est.)
  
  ### Urbanización
  
      población urbana: 52% de la población total (2010)
      Tasa de urbanización: tasa anual de 0,6% de cambio (2010-15 est.)
  
  ### Tasa de mortalidad infantil
  
  población total: 13.98 muertes/1,000 nacidos vivos varones: 14.556 muertes/1,000 nacidos vivos mujeres: 13.38 muertes/1,000 nacidos vivos (2013 est.)
  
  ### Esperanza de vida al nacer
  
  población total: 73.44 años varones: 71.81 años mujeres: 75.15 años (2013 est.)
  
  ### Nacionalidad
  
  jamaiquino, -na jamaicano, -na
  
  ### Gastos en educación
  
  6,4% del PIB total (2010)
  
  ### Alfabetización
  
  definición: mayores de 15 años que ha asistido a la escuela población total: 87.9% varones: 84.1% mujeres: 91.6% (2003 est.)
  
  