title: Chronologie des langages de programmation
text: # Chronologie des langages de programmation
  
  Cet article recense une chronologie non exhaustive des langages de programmation.
  
  ## Avant 1950
  
  Table de langages de programmation antérieurs aux années 1950 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - |
  | vers 1840 | Premier programme au monde | Ada Lovelace |
  | 1936 | Machine de Turing | Alan Turing |
  | 1945 | Plankalkül | Konrad Zuse |
  
  ## Années 1950
  
  Table de langages de programmation créés dans les années 1950 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 1951 | A-0 System | | Grace Hopper |
  | 1954 | Mark I Autocode | | Tony Brooker |
  | 1954 | FORTRAN | A-0 | John Backus |
  | 1954 | ARITH-MATIC | A-0 | Grace Hopper |
  | 1954 | MATH-MATIC | A-0 | Grace Hopper |
  | 1955 | FLOW-MATIC | A-0 | Grace Hopper |
  | 1956 | IPL | | Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon |
  | 1957 | COMTRAN | FLOW-MATIC | Bob Bemer |
  | 1957 | PAF | | Dimitri Starynkevitch (SEA, France) |
  | 1958 | FORTRAN II | FORTRAN | John Backus |
  | 1958 | ALGOL 58 | FORTRAN | |
  | 1959 | LISP | IPL | John McCarthy |
  
  ## Années 1960
  
  Table de langages de programmation créés dans les années 1960 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 1960 | COBOL | FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN | Le comité CODASYL |
  | 1960 | ALGOL 60 | ALGOL | |
  | 1960 | JOSS | ALGOL | |
  | 1962 | FORTRAN IV | FORTRAN II | |
  | 1962 | APL | | Kenneth Iverson |
  | 1962 | MAD | ALGOL58 | Arden, et. al. |
  | 1962 | Simula I | ALGOL60 | |
  | 1962 | SNOBOL | FORTRAN II | Griswold, et al. |
  | 1962 | SNOBOL3 | SNOBOL | Griswold, et al. |
  | 1963 | CPL | ALGOL60 | Barron, Strachey, et al. |
  | 1964 | COWSEL | CPL, LISP | Burstall, Popplestone |
  | 1964 | PL/I | ALGOL60 | IBM |
  | 1964 | BASIC | FORTRAN II, JOSS | John George Kemeny and Thomas Eugene Kurtz |
  | 1964 | TRAC | | Mooers (work started in 1959) |
  | 1965 | LISP 1.5 | Lisp | |
  | 1966 | FORTRAN 66 | FORTRAN II | |
  | 1966 | ISWIM | Lisp | Peter J. Landin |
  | 1966 | CORAL66 | ALGOL60 | Version temps réel de l'ALGOL60 |
  | 1967 | BCPL | CPL | Martin Richards |
  | 1967 | MUMPS | Fortran, Lisp | Massachusetts General Hospital |
  | 1967 | InterLisp | Lisp 1.5 | développé chez BBN (né BBN-Lisp) |
  | 1967 | Simula67 | Simula | |
  | 1967 | SNOBOL4 | SNOBOL3 | Griswold, et al. |
  | 1968 | ALGOL 68 | Algol60 | Wijngaarten, et al. |
  | 1968 | POP-1 | COWSEL | Burstall, Popplestone |
  | 1968 | Forth | | Chuck Moore (première publication, 1970) |
  | 1968 | LOGO | Lisp | Seymour Papert |
  | 1968 | REFAL | | Valentin Turchin |
  | 1969 | B | BCPL | Ken Thompson |
  
  ## Années 1970
  
  Table de langages de programmation créés dans les années 1970 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 1970 | POP-2 | POP-1 | |
  | 1971 | Pascal | ALGOL60 | Niklaus Wirth, Jensen |
  | 1972 | Smalltalk Environment | Simula67 | Digitalk |
  | 1972 | C | B, BCPL | Dennis Ritchie |
  | 1972 | INTERCAL | | |
  | 1972 | Prolog | | Alain Colmerauer |
  | 1972 | SmallTalk 72 | | |
  | 1973 | COMAL | Pascal, BASIC | Børge Christensen, Benedict Løfstedt |
  | 1974 | GRASS | BASIC | Tom DeFanti |
  | 1974 | COBOL74 | COBOL | |
  | 1974 | SQL | SEQUEL | |
  | 1975 | Scheme | Lisp | Gerald Jay Sussman, Guy Lewis Steele |
  | 1975 | Altair BASIC | BASIC | Bill Gates, Paul Allen |
  | 1976 | RATFOR | C, FORTRAN | Kernighan |
  | 1977 | X11.1 ANSI Standard MUMPS | MUMPS | |
  | 1978 | FORTRAN 77 | FORTRAN 66 | |
  | 1978 | VisiCalc | | Dan Bricklin, Bob Frankston |
  | 1979 | REXX | PL/I | Mike Cowlishaw 20 mars |
  | 1979 | Awk | C, SNOBOL | Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger, Brian Kernighan |
  | 1979 | VULCAN DBase-II | | Ratliff |
  | 1979 | Green | Algol68 | Jean Ichbiah et al., DOD |
  
  ## Années 1980
  
  Table de langages de programmation créés dans les années 1980 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 1980 | « C with Classes » | C, Simula67 | Bjarne Stroustrup |
  | 1980 | ABAP/4 | COBOL | SAP |
  | 1980 | Smalltalk-80 | Simula67 | Digitalk |
  | 1983 | Ada | Pascal | DOD |
  | 1983 | C++ | C with Classes | Bjarne Stroustrup |
  | 1983 | Objective-C | Smalltalk-80 | Brad Cox et Tom Love |
  | 1983 | True BASIC | BASIC | John George Kemeny et Thomas Kurtz |
  | 1984 | SML (Standard Meta-Language) | ML | |
  | 1984 | Common Lisp | Inter, Mac, Zeta Lisp | Guy L. Steele et al. |
  | 1984 | Esterel | | Gerard Berry |
  | 1984 | Clipper | dBase | Nantucket |
  | 1984 | MATLAB | FORTRAN, C | The MathWorks |
  | 1985 | 1984 MUMPS | 1977MUMPS | |
  | 1985 | Paradox | dBase | Borland |
  | 1985 | PostScript | Interpress | John Warnock |
  | 1985 | Caml | ML | INRIA |
  | 1985 | Quick BASIC | BASIC | Microsoft |
  | 1986 | LabVIEW | | National Instruments |
  | 1986 | GFA BASIC | BASIC | GFA Systemtechnik GmbH |
  | 1986 | Eiffel | Simula67 | Bertrand Meyer |
  | 1986 | Informix-4GL | 4GL | Informix |
  | 1986 | Uniface | | Compuware |
  | 1987 | HyperTalk | | Apple |
  | 1987 | Self | | Sun Microsystems Inc. (Self a inspiré JavaScript et NewtonScript) |
  | 1987 | Perl | Awk | Larry Wall |
  | 1988 | dBaseIV | dBase-III | |
  | 1988 | Tcl | Awk, Lisp | John Ousterhout |
  | 1988 | Object REXX | REXX | Simon Nash |
  | 1988 | Octave | MATLAB | |
  | 1989 | Turbo-Pascal+OOP | Turbo Pascal | Borland |
  | 1989 | Standard C | C | ANSI X3.159-1989 (adopté par l'ISO in 1990) |
  | 1989 | OBERON | Pascal, Modula-II | Niklaus Wirth |
  | 1989 | VisSim | C, VisSim | Peter A. Darnell |
  
  ## Années 1990
  
  Table de langages de programmation créés dans les années 1990 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 1990 | Haskell | Miranda | |
  | 1990 | 1990 MUMPS | 1984MUMPS | |
  | 1991 | Python | C | Guido van Rossum |
  | 1991 | Q | | |
  | 1991 | Visual Basic | QuickBASIC | Alan Cooper, Microsoft |
  | 1992 | SQL-2 | SQL-1 | |
  | 1992 | Borland Pascal | Turbo-Pascal OOP | |
  | 1993 | FALSE | Forth | Oortmerrsen |
  | 1993 | Brainfuck | FALSE | Urban Müller |
  | 1993 | Revolution | HyperTalk | |
  | 1993 | AppleScript | HyperCard | Apple |
  | 1993 | Ruby | Perl Smalltalk | |
  | 1993 | Lua | C++ (objet) | |
  | 1993 | WinDev WLangage | | PC Soft |
  | 1993 | Euphoria | BASIC, C, C++ | Robert Craig |
  | 1995 | Ada 95 | Ada 83 | ISO |
  | 1995 | Delphi(1) | Borland Pascal | Borland |
  | 1995 | Java | C++ | Sun Microsystems |
  | 1995 | Limbo | C, Pascal, Alef, CSP, Newsqueak | Rob Pike, Sean Doward et Phil Winterbottom |
  | 1995 | 1995 MUMPS | 1990MUMPS | |
  | 1995 | ANSI Common Lisp | Common Lisp 84 | |
  | 1995 | PHP | C, Shell Unix | Rasmus Lerdorf |
  | 1995 | JavaScript | Scheme, Self | Brendan Eich |
  | 1996 | NetRexx | REXX | Mike Cowlishaw |
  | 1996 | Objective Caml | Caml | INRIA |
  | 1997 | SML'97 | Standard ML, 84 | |
  | 1997 | ISLisp | Common Lisp, Scheme | |
  | 1997 | Pico | Scheme | Université libre de Bruxelles |
  | 1997 | Sysquake | MATLAB | Calerga |
  | 1998 | ANSI SmallTalk | SmallTalk 80 | |
  | 1998 | C++98 | C++ | ANSI/ISO Standard C++ |
  | 1998 | Erlang | Concurrent Prolog | Open Source Erlang par Ericsson |
  | 1999 | Gambas | Basic, Visual Basic | |
  
  ## Années 2000
  
  Table de langages de programmation créés dans les années 2000 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 2000 | Joy | Forth, Scheme, C | Manfred von Thun |
  | 2000 | D | C, C++ | Walter Bright, Digital Mars |
  | 2000 | C# | C, C++, COM, Java | Microsoft |
  | 2000 | Lisaac | Self, Eiffel, Smalltalk | Benoît Sonntag |
  | 2000 | Ferite | C, C++, Java, PHP, Python, Ruby, Scheme | Chris Ross |
  | 2001 | Kylix | DELPHI(5) | Borland |
  | 2001 | Anubis | | Alain Prouté |
  | 2002 | F# | OCaml, C♯, Haskell | Don Syme |
  | 2003 | S2 | Perl, C++ | |
  | 2003 | Nemerle | C#, ML, MetaHaskell | Université de Wrocław |
  | 2003 | Factor | Joy, Forth, Lisp, Self | Slava Pestov (en) |
  | 2003 | Scala | Java, Haskell, Erlang | Martin Odersky |
  | 2005 | Seed7 | | Thomas Mertes |
  | 2006 | Haxe | Ocaml | Nicolas Cannasse |
  | 2007 | Ada 2005 | Ada 95 | Ada Rapporteur Group |
  | 2007 | Clojure | Lisp, ML, Haskell, Erlang | Rich Hickey |
  | 2008 | Nim | Go, Rust, Python, C++, C#, Oberon, Lisp, Ada, Delphi, Modula-3 | Andreas Rumpf |
  | 2009 | Mytryl | Standard ML, SML/NJ | Cynbe Ru Taren |
  | 2009 | Go | C, Pascal, Modula, Oberon, Newsqueak, Limbo | Ken Thompson, Rob Pike, Robert Griesemer |
  
  ## Années 2010
  
  Table de langages de programmation créés dans la décennie 2010 :
  
  | Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 2010 | Fancy | Smalltalk, Ruby, Io, Erlang | Christopher Bertels |
  | 2010 | Rust | C, C++ | Graydon Hoare, Mozilla |
  | 2011 | Dart | Java, JavaScript, CoffeeScript, Go | Google |
  | 2011 | Kotlin | | JetBrains |
  | 2011 | Ceylon | Java | Red Hat |
  | 2012 | Julia | MATLAB, Python, R, Lisp | MIT |
  | 2012 | Elm | Haskell | Elm Software Foundation |
  | 2014 | Swift | Objective-C | Apple |
  | 2017 | ReasonML | OCAML, JavaScript | Facebook |
  | 2017 | Q# | C# | Microsoft |
  