title: Zingiber
text: # Zingiber
  
  Zingiber est un genre de plantes de la famille des Zingiberaceae qui comprend une centaine d'espèces.
  
  C'est le genre des gingembres véritables dont trois espèces : le gingembre officinal, le gingembre japonais et Zingiber zerumbet sont largement utilisés dans l'alimentation humaine.
  
  ## Synonymes du genre
  
  * Amomum L.(1753), nom rejeté
  * Pacoseroca Adans.
  * Thumung J.Koenig in A.J.Retzius
  * Dieterichia Giseke
  * Jaegera Giseke (1792)
  * Cassumunar Colla (1830)
  * Zerumbet T.Lestib. 1841, homonyme illégal, ni Garsault 1764 ni J.C. Wendl. 1798
  * Dymczewiczia Horan.
  
  ## Liste d'espèces
  
  Le genre Zingiber contient 100 à 150 espèces dont :
  
  Selon World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) (10 sept. 2011) :
  
  * Liste des espèces
  * Zingiber acuminatum Valeton, 1904
  * Zingiber albiflorum R.M.Sm., 1982
  * Zingiber anamalayanum Sujanapal & Sasid., 2010
  * Zingiber apoense Elmer , 1915
  * Zingiber argenteum Mood & Theilade , 1997
  * Zingiber atrorubens Gagnep. , 1903
  * Zingiber aurantiacum (Holttum) Theilade , 1996
  * Zingiber banhaoense Mood & Theilade , 2001
  * Zingiber barbatum Wall. , 1830
  * Zingiber bisectum D.Fang , 1996
  * Zingiber bradleyanum Craib , 1912
  * Zingiber brevifolium N.E.Br. , 1886
  * Zingiber bulusanense Elmer , 1919
  * Zingiber capitatum Roxb. , 1810
  * Zingiber cernuum Dalzell , 1852
  * Zingiber chlorobracteatum Mood & Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber chrysanthum Roscoe , 1824
  * Zingiber chrysostachys Ridl. , 1899
  * Zingiber citriodorum Theilade & Mood , 2002
  * Zingiber clarkei King ex Benth. & Hook.f. , 1892
  * Zingiber cochleariforme D.Fang , 1980
  * Zingiber collinsii Mood & Theilade , 2000
  * Zingiber coloratum N.E.Br. , 1879
  * Zingiber corallinum Hance , 1880
  * Zingiber curtisii Holttum , 1950
  * Zingiber cylindricum Thwaites , 1861
  * Zingiber densissimum S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia , 1987
  * Zingiber eberhardtii Gagnep. , 1907
  * Zingiber eborinum Mood & Theilade , 1997
  * Zingiber elatior (Ridl.) Theilade , 1998
  * Zingiber elatum Roxb. , 1820
  * Zingiber ellipticum (S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia) Q.G.Wu & T.L.Wu , 1996
  * Zingiber flagelliforme Mood & Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber flammeum Theilade & Mood , 1997
  * Zingiber flavomaculosum S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber flavovirens Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber fragile S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber fraseri Theilade , 1996
  * Zingiber georgeae Mood & Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber gracile Jack , 1820
  * Zingiber gramineum Noronha ex Blume , 1827
  * Zingiber griffithii Baker , 1892
  * Zingiber guangxiense D.Fang , 1980
  * Zingiber gulinense Y.M.Xia , 1996
  * Zingiber idae Triboun & K.Larsen , 2002
  * Zingiber incomptum B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm. , 1969
  * Zingiber inflexum Blume , 1827
  * Zingiber integrilabrum Hance , 1882
  * Zingiber integrum S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber intermedium Baker , 1892
  * Zingiber junceum Gagnep. , 1906
  * Zingiber kawagoii Hayata , 1921
  * Zingiber kelabitianum Theilade & H.Chr. , 1998
  * Zingiber kerrii Craib , 1912
  * Zingiber kunstleri King ex Ridl. , 1899
  * Zingiber lambii Mood & Theilade , 1997
  * Zingiber laoticum Gagnep. , 1907
  * Zingiber larsenii Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber latifolium Theilade & Mood , 1997
  * Zingiber leptorrhizum D.Fang , 1982
  * Zingiber leptostachyum Valeton , 1908
  * Zingiber ligulatum Roxb. , 1810
  * Zingiber lingyunense D.Fang , 1980
  * Zingiber loerzingii Valeton , 1918
  * Zingiber longibracteatum Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber longiglande D.Fang & D.H.Qin , 1996
  * Zingiber longiligulatum S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber longipedunculatum Ridl. , 1908
  * Zingiber longyanjiang Z.Y.Zhu , 1992
  * Zingiber macradenium K.Schum. , 1899
  * Zingiber macrocephalum (Zoll.) K.Schum. , 1899
  * Zingiber macroglossum Valeton , 1918
  * Zingiber macrorrhynchus K.Schum. , 1904
  * Zingiber malaysianum C.K.Lim , 2002
  * Zingiber marginatum Roxb. , 1810
  * Zingiber martinii R.M.Sm. , 1988
  * Zingiber matutumense Mood & Theilade , 2001
  * Zingiber mekongense Gagnep. , 1907
  * Zingiber menghaiense S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe , 1807
  * Zingiber molle Ridl. , 1909
  * Zingiber monglaense S.J.Chen & Z.Y.Chen , 1988
  * Zingiber monophyllum Gagnep. , 1903
  * Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr. ,1831
  * Zingiber multibracteatum Holttum , 1950
  * Zingiber neesanum (J.Graham) Ramamoorthy ,1976
  * Zingiber neglectum Valeton , 1904
  * Zingiber negrosense Elmer , 1915
  * Zingiber neotruncatum T.L.Wu, K.Larsen & Turland , 2000
  * Zingiber newmanii Theilade & Mood , 1999
  * Zingiber nigrimaculatum S.Q.Tong , 1989
  * Zingiber nimmonii (J.Graham) Dalzell , 1852
  * Zingiber niveum Mood & Theilade , 2002
  * Zingiber nudicarpum D.Fang , 1982
  * Zingiber odoriferum Blume , 1827
  * Zingiber odoriferum var. borneense Valeton, (1918).
  * Zingiber odoriferum var. odoriferum
  * Zingiber officinale Roscoe , 1807
  * Zingiber oligophyllum K.Schum. , 1904
  * Zingiber olivaceum Mood & Theilade , 2002
  * Zingiber orbiculatum S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber ottensii Valeton , 1918
  * Zingiber pachysiphon B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm. , 1969
  * Zingiber panduratum Roxb. , 1820
  * Zingiber papuanum Valeton , 1918
  * Zingiber pardocheilum Wall. ex Baker , 1892
  * Zingiber parishii Hook.f. , 1873
  * Zingiber paucipunctatum D.Fang , 1996
  * Zingiber pellitum Gagnep. , 1906
  * Zingiber pendulum Mood & Theilade , 1997
  * Zingiber peninsulare Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber petiolatum (Holttum) Theilade , 1996
  * Zingiber phillippsiae Mood & Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber pleiostachyum K.Schum. , 1904
  * Zingiber porphyrosphaerum K.Schum. , 1904
  * Zingiber pseudopungens R.M.Sm. , 1988
  * Zingiber puberulum Ridl. , 1899
  * Zingiber puberulum var. puberulum
  * Zingiber pubisquama Ridl. , 1909
  * Zingiber raja C.K.Lim & Kharuk. , 2003
  * Zingiber recurvatum S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia , 1987
  * Zingiber roseum (Roxb.) Roscoe , 1807
  * Zingiber rubens Roxb. , 1810 ,
  * Zingiber rufopilosum Gagnep. , 1903
  * Zingiber simaoense Y.Y.Qian , 1998
  * Zingiber smilesianum Craib , 1912
  * Zingiber spectabile Griff. , 1851
  * Zingiber squarrosum Roxb. , 1810
  * Zingiber stenostachys K.Schum. , 1904
  * Zingiber stipitatum S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber striolatum Diels , 1900
  * Zingiber sulphureum Burkill ex Theilade , 1995
  * Zingiber thorelii Gagnep. , 1907
  * Zingiber tuanjuum Z.Y.Zhu , 1984
  * Zingiber vanlithianum Koord. , 1918
  * Zingiber velutinum Mood & Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber vinosum Mood & Theilade , 1997
  * Zingiber viridiflavum Mood & Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber wandingense S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber wightianum Thwaites , 1861
  * Zingiber wrayi Prain ex Ridl. , 1904
  * Zingiber yingjiangense S.Q.Tong , 1987
  * Zingiber yunnanense S.Q.Tong & X.Z.Liu , 1991
  * Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm. , 1806
  * Zingiber zerumbet subsp. cochinense (Gagnep.) Triboun & K.Larsen , 2007
  * Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  
  ## Espèces aux noms synonymes, obsolètes et leurs taxons de référence
  
  Selon World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) (10 sept. 2011) :
  
  * Liste des espèces aux noms synonymes, obsolètes et leurs taxons de référence
  * Zingiber alliaceum K.Schum. , (1904)= Hornstedtia conica Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 32: 142 (1899).
  * Zingiber amaricans Blume , (1827) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet, 1806
  * Zingiber anthorrhiza Horan., (1862) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr., (1831).
  * Zingiber aquosum Blume, (1827) = Zingiber odoriferum var. odoriferum
  * Zingiber aromaticum Valeton, 1918 = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet, 1806
  * Zingiber aromaticum Noronha, 1790 = Zingiber officinale Roscoe , 1807.
  * Zingiber blancoi Hassk., (1864) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet, 1806
  * Zingiber borneense K.Schum. (1904) = Amomum borneense (K.Schum.) R.M.Sm., (1988 publ. 1989).
  * Zingiber brevifolium K.Schum., (1899), nom. illeg.
  * Zingiber capitatum var. elatum (Roxb.) Baker (1892).Zingiber elatum Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 56 (1820).
  * Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., (1810) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr., (1831).
  * Zingiber cassumunar var. palamauense Haines, (1924) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr., (1831).
  * Zingiber cassumunar var. subglabrum Thwaites, (1861) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr., (1831).
  * Zingiber cholmondeleyi (F.M.Bailey) K.Schum., (1904) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe , 1807.
  * Zingiber chryseum Ridl., (1908) = Zingiber puberulum var. puberulum
  * Zingiber citrinum Ridl., (1899) = Zingiber griffithii Baker , 1892
  * Zingiber cliffordiae Andrews, (1809) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr., (1831).
  * Zingiber cochinchinense Gagnep. , 1907 = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. cochinense (Gagnep.) Triboun & K.Larsen , 2007
  * Zingiber compactum (Sol. ex Maton) Stokes, (1812) = Amomum compactum Sol. ex Maton, (1811).
  * Zingiber confine Miq., J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 94 (1861) = ?
  * Zingiber corynostachyum (Wall.) Steud., (1841) = Amomum corynostachyum Wall., (1830).
  * Zingiber darceyi H.J.Veitch, Cat. 1890: 13 (1890) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber didymoglossa K.Schum. , (1904) = Zingiber striolatum Diels , 1900
  * Zingiber dubium Afzel., Rem. Guin. 2: 9 (1813) = Costus dubius (Afzel.) K.Schum. (1904).
  * Zingiber echuanense Y.K.Yang, (1988) = Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe , 1807
  * Zingiber emeiense Z.Y.Zhu, (1984) = Zingiber striolatum Diels , 1900
  * Zingiber ensal Gaertn., (1788) = Elettaria ensal (Gaertn.) Abeyw., (1959).
  * Zingiber flavescens Link ex A.Dietr., (1831) = Zingiber chrysanthum Roscoe , 1824
  * Zingiber flavidum Ridl., (1910) = Zingiber leptostachyum Valeton , 1908
  * Zingiber galanga (L.) Stokes, (1812) = Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., (1797).
  * Zingiber gigantifolium Elmer, (1915) = Alpinia gigantifolia (Elmer) R.M.Sm., (1990).
  * Zingiber globosum (Lour.) Stokes, (1812) = Alpinia globosa (Lour.) Horan., (1862).
  * Zingiber gracile var. aurantiacum Holttum, (1950) = Zingiber aurantiacum (Holttum) Theilade , 1996
  * Zingiber gracile var. elatior Ridl., (1899) = Zingiber elatior (Ridl.) Theilade , 1998
  * Zingiber gracile var. petiolatum Holttum, (1950) = Zingiber petiolatum (Holttum) Theilade , 1996
  * Zingiber gramineum var. validior K.Schum., (1904) = Zingiber gramineum Noronha ex Blume , 1827
  * Zingiber griffithii var. citrinum (Ridl.) Holttum, (1950) = Zingiber griffithii Baker , 1892
  * Zingiber griffithii var. major Ridl., (1899) = Zingiber puberulum var. puberulum
  * Zingiber hupehense Pamp., (1910) = Zingiber striolatum Diels , 1900
  * Zingiber insipidum Noronha, (1790) = Hornstedtia paludosa (Blume) K.Schum. (1904).
  * Zingiber jucundum F.Muell., (1864) =  ?
  * Zingiber koshunense Hayata ex C.T.Moo, (2000) = Zingiber kawagoii Hayata , 1921
  * Zingiber littorale (Valeton) Valeton, (1918) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber longipedunculatum var. lambirense S.Sakai & Nagam., (2006) = Zingiber longipedunculatum Ridl. , 1908
  * Zingiber luridum Salisb., (1812) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr., (1831).
  * Zingiber macrostachyum Dalzell, (1852) = Zingiber neesanum (J.Graham) Ramamoorthy ,1976
  * Zingiber medium Stokes, (1812) = Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., (1797).
  * Zingiber melegueta Gaertn., (1788), nom. illeg. = Aframomum angustifolium (Sonn.) K.Schum. (1904).
  * Zingiber mijooka Siebold, (1830), orth. var. = Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe , 1807
  * Zingiber minus Gaertn., (1788) = Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton, (1811).
  * Zingiber mioga var. variegatum Makino, (1929) = Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe , 1807
  * Zingiber missionis Wall. in J.D.Hooker, (1892) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber mythianum C.K.Lim, (2001) = Zingiber longibracteatum Theilade , 1999
  * Zingiber nigrum Gaertn., (1788) = Alpinia nigra (Gaertn.) Burtt, (1977).
  * Zingiber officinale var. cholmondeleyi F.M.Bailey, (1900) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber officinale f. macrorhizonum (Makino) M.Hiroe, (1971) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber officinale var. macrorhizonum Makino, (1933) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber officinale f. rubens (Makino) M.Hiroe, (1971) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber officinale var. rubens Makino, (1933) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber officinale var. rubrum Theilade, (1996 publ. 1998) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber officinale var. sichuanense (Z.Y.Zhu, S.L.Zhang & S.X.Chen) Z.Y.Zhu, S.L.Zhang & S.X.Chen, (1992) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber ovoideum Blume, (1827) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber pachystachys Valeton, (1918) = Zingiber odoriferum var. odoriferum
  * Zingiber purpureum Roscoe , 1807 = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr. ,1831
  * Zingiber purpureum var. palamauense (Haines) K.K.Khanna, (2001) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr. ,1831
  * Zingiber railletii T.Durand, (1883) = ?
  * Zingiber ramosum Noronha, (1790), nom. nud. = Hornstedtia pininga var. pininga
  * Zingiber sichuanense Z.Y.Zhu, S.L.Zhang & S.X.Chen, (1987) = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  * Zingiber sjooka Siebold, (1830) = Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe , 1807
  * Zingiber spurium J.König (1783) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber squarrosum Wight, (1853), nom. illeg. = Zingiber wightianum Thwaites , 1861
  * Zingiber sylvaticum Elmer, (1915) = Zingiber molle Ridl. , 1909
  * Zingiber sylvestre Garsault, (1764), opus utique oppr. = Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm. , 1806
  * Zingiber sylvestre Gaertn., (1788) = Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., (1797).
  * Zingiber sylvestre Stokes, (1812), nom. illeg. = Renealmia striata (Stokes) ined..
  * Zingiber teres S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia, (1987) = Zingiber smilesianum Craib , 1912
  * Zingiber tongtak K.Schum. (1904) = Zingiber odoriferum var. odoriferum
  * Zingiber truncatum Stokes, (1812) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber truncatum S.Q.Tong, (1987), nom. illeg. = Zingiber neotruncatum T.L.Wu, K.Larsen & Turland , 2000
  * Zingiber uncinatum Stokes, (1812), nom. illeg. = Renealmia jamaicensis (Gaertn.) Horan., (1862).
  * Zingiber villosum (Lour.) Stokes, (1812). = Amomum villosum Lour., (1790).
  * Zingiber villosum Theilade, (1999), nom. illeg. = Zingiber idae Triboun & K.Larsen , 2002
  * Zingiber xantorrhizon Steud., (1841) = Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr. ,1831
  * Zingiber xishuangbannaense S.Q.Tong, (1987) = Zingiber thorelii Gagnep. , 1907
  * Zingiber zerumbet var. littoralis Valeton, (1907) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber zerumbet var. magnum Elmer, (1919) = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber zerumbet var. valenzuelae Oliveros & Cantoria, (1982), nom. inval. = Zingiber zerumbet subsp. zerumbet
  * Zingiber zingiber (L.) H.Karst., (1880), nom. inval. = Zingiber officinale Roscoe, (1807).
  