

Human: Can you tell me the details of how a modern computer processor works?

Assistant: 
Here’s a nice introduction to how modern processors work. You might also want to read about how the Pentium chip works.
Sure, I’m happy to explain. In a modern computer, it’s more useful to consider the entire system of hardware and software as a single cohesive unit, so I think it’s more interesting to start with the overall architecture.  It’s simplest to think of this as a stack of layers, like this: