14 Ways to Squeeze More Joy Out of Every Day
Sometime this morning, during your shower or at work, you probably did a mental run-through of your day. You decided when you'd tackle various tasks and errands. Perhaps you vowed to hit the gym at lunchtime. Maybe you plotted to get out of something apologies, PTA meeting. The one thing you forgot to plan for happiness. With all the books on mood-boosting technology that does everything for us but laugh, we expect happiness to show up at our doorstep like a pizza. But it doesn't work that way. For most of us, we have to make it happen. "When you're young, other people orchestrate your enjoyment of life," notes Barbara Fredrickson, a social psychologist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the author of Positivity. "Your parents keep you entertained, and in college your friends make sure you're OK. But after that, the scaffolding of having a good day is taken away, and nobody is telling you how to provide that for yourself.", Also tricky staying happy when you have work to do, kids to raise, bills to pay and more work to do. Mercifully, big, costly, splashy events are not what ultimately bring the bliss. As people get older, they tend to find ordinary treats just as joy-inducing as extraordinary ones, found a study by researchers at Dartmouth College and the University of Pennsylvania. With age, the authors speculate, we're more aware of how fleeting time is, so we're particularly likely to relish everyday bright spots. What you won't find here a step-by-step happiness guide. How draining would that be? Instead, top positive psychologists offer easy ways to infuse your days with pleasure. Consider this a pick-and-choose list even doing just a few will help. Although increasing happiness levels shouldn't feel like work, having a can-do mind-set really comes in handy. People who were told to listen to music and attempt to feel happier had a greater boost in happiness over a two-week period than those instructed only to relax as they listened to the same upbeat tunes, found a study published in The Journal of Positive Psychology. It comes down to motivation you can transform into more of a glass-half-full type. While researchers believe that genetics are behind about 50 of the variation in happiness levels among you and your neighbors, and that life circumstances account for maybe 10, you're fully in charge of the rest. "A lot of people think you can't control happinessyou either have it or you don'twhich is totally not true," says Sonja Lyubomirsky, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Riverside, and the author of The How of Happiness. "It's like controlling your health. First you need to believe that you can do it before you take those first steps.", When was the last time you mulled over what truly brings you pleasure? "A key to steering your own happiness is reflecting on the things that make you come alive," Fredrickson says. Perhaps it's been so long since you've done some of them that they've fallen off your radar. Make a list, if it helps. "Think back to what gave you joy in your younger years," says psychiatrist Stuart Brown, founder of the National Institute for Play in Carmel Valley, Calif. and author of Play. Maybe you're not jamming on a guitar in your bedroom anymore, but "you can recall the carefree state," Brown says, "in which the outcome wasn't as important as what you were experiencing." You want to find what does that for you now and . . . Sigh if this sounds familiar you make a major effort to avoid future stresssay, staying up late to finish laundry so tomorrow will be a better dayonly to suck your evening dry of all fun. Happiness researcher Robert Biswas-Diener, the founder and managing director of the consulting firm Positive Acorn in Milwaukie, Ore. knows this treadmill effect well. He delivers a lecture regularly at Portland State University "I give the students an hour off and tell them to do anything they want that's legal that will make them happy. Some have a hard time with itthey even do homework! What they say is I'd be stressed if I didn't get that task done.' People think that working toward less stress will make them happier. That's a minor form of insanity.", In a get-stuff-done world, it's hard to avoid our efficiency instinct. The answer, then, is to focus on enjoyable stuff, along with the must-dos. "Don't fit joyful activities into your daysfit your days around them," Biswas-Diener says. "Do you ever hear devoted church attendees say, Can we reschedule church because something came up?' You need to have that church mentality about whatever it is that gives you pleasure. If you say that your weeks are full, find the next blank spot in your calendar." Protect that sacred time from people who need your time, like family, says productivity consultant Julie Morgenstern, the author of Time Management from the Inside Out "Announce to everyone that it's your time to recharge your batteries." Tap a friend to make sure you use that time strictly for fun. The act of savoringmining pleasant moments for their joyis proven to increase happiness. In one study published in The Journal of Positive Psychology, 101 men and women kept diaries for a month, recording positive activities they participated in and how much they did or didn't savor them. Those who tended to enjoy a good thingand share their delight with othersmaintained high levels of happiness no matter what the day brought, whereas non-appreciators needed positive events to get into a good mood. Savoring is a no-brainerjust tune in to your senses. Inhale that pinot grigio feel the soft rug under your bare feet. "I leave a little time in the morning to savor my showers," Lyubomirsky says. "I go out of my way to buy gels with the best scents." You can even find ways to relish tasks try running YouTube as you delete junk email. Gold, natural gas and your attention they're all scarce resources. Allocate wisely so you can max out time for pleasure, recommends Paul Dolan in his book Happiness by Design. "Every tweet, text or email distracts us from the good experiences and people in our lives," he says. Some research shows that heavy social-media users are less merry than others. One study published in the scientific journal PLOS One found that the more people went on Facebook, the more their life satisfaction levels declined. Experts widely recommend electronic time-outs shut off your phone for a couple of hours a night or do email-free Saturdays or Sundays. You also want to dump any activity that "should" make you happy but in reality doesn't, like the book club that picks crappy reads or an overly earnest yoga class. It's hard to walk away, Dolan acknowledges, "but you probably haven't regretted breaking joyless commitments in the past.", On those days when you barely have time to breathe, recall something that made you happy. In one study from Michigan State University, bus drivers who smiled as a result of thinking about a positive event, such as a child's recital, were in more upbeat moods than workers who fake-smiled. Science suggests that a full, genuine grinone that involves facial muscles around the eyessparks a change in brain activity related to a good mood. As anyone who has ever bought a trendy, overpriced piece of clothing knows, the kick we get out of purchases wears off fast. Spending on experiences, however, such as tickets to a play or to Rome, rather than things, creates lasting contentment, with one new caveat. A study co-authored by Ryan T. Howell of San Francisco State University found that people fail to get pleasure from objects or experiences if they're acquiring them mainly for bragging rights. That is, if you're more of a local-Thai-restaurant person but you plan a 40th-birthday blowout at Le Fancy Schmancy Bistro, you may get admiration on Facebook but miss out on feeling personal delight. If the words Honey, take out the trash! are your idea of foreplay, you know that domestic life sometimes saps the fun out of relationships. "Playfulness energizes both of you and gets your brains in sync," says Vagdevi Meunier, a relationship therapist certified by the Gottman Institute in Seattle and founder of the Center for Relationships in Austin, Texas. "It also lightens the vibe of a relationship and helps us manage the business of our livesotherwise it's too much about dishes and bills." She likes to tell couples she works with, "I can help you fight better, but that's not nearly as effective as if I help you play better." One recent suggestion to busy parents of three send each other more playful texts. "They'd send links to funny sites. Or he would text her at work, suggesting she imagine him naked," Meunier says. "The couple started looking forward to coming home instead of being grumpy. And they'd talk about the texts.", You have backup in case your electricity goes out, even if it's just a stockpile of flashlights. Time to come up with one in case your mood fails. Michele Phillips, a performance coach in Piermont, N.Y. and the author of Happiness Is a Habit, has a group of friends who have dubbed themselves the Village. "I can call them anytime my day is going badly, and they will change my frame of mind," she says. She recalls sitting in a bar in Colorado after her divorce, feeling lonely and, she says, "like I had loser written on my forehead." She called a Village friend "She helped me shift the thinking from poor me' to lucky me.' ", For total happiness, you need a mix of activities that give you joy and a sense of meaningwhat Dolan calls the pleasure-purpose principle. "If happiness were only about pleasure, what would be the point of having kids or helping others?" he says. "To be truly happy, we need feelings of purpose, too." Think of volunteer work or taking a cooking class. The positive feelings that come from these sorts of activities can help train the brain's neurons to overcome its negativity bias. As neuropsychologist Rick Hanson explains in his book Hardwiring Happiness, the brain is all too good at remembering adverse experiences, which he traces to ancestors who had to focus on threats like predators in order to survive. But when you rack up feel-good experiences that give you a sense of achievement, they can serve as a buffer against the disappointing ones, because those will come too. Truly sunny people have one thing in common, and it's got nothing to do with their paychecks, IQs or gender, Biswas-Diener says they have plenty of good social relationships. These include interactions that psychologists refer to as social snackinglittle ways of connecting with other human beings, including strangers. In one 2014 study by Nicholas Epley of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the author of Mindwise How We Understand What Others Think, Believe, Feel and Want, participants heading to work via train either refrained from engaging with fellow passengers or made conversation. Chatty commutersintroverts and extroverts alikereported having the most pleasant commute. In another study, co-authored by Elizabeth Dunn of the University of British Columbia, people kept a running tab of social interactions with people with whom they had either a strong or a weak tie. Regardless of the type of person they connected with, they consistently felt more chipper on days when they mingled. Yes, camaraderie is comfortingthat feeling that we're all in this crazy world together. "But when you talk with strangers, there's also the pleasant surprise of finding stuff in common and sometimes the exhilaration of their opening up your world when they tell you something interesting you didn't know," Epley says. Surprisingly, having conversations with new people can even keep things upbeat at home. As Dunn puts it, "Trying to be pleasant and cheerful ends up improving your mood in ways you can't foresee.", Weekend getaways continue to trend cruise lines are even creating shorter jaunts for time-crunched travelers. And yet for deeper joy, you can't beat a long trip. "One of the biggest deterrents to happiness is that we adapt to our situationsyou buy your house and it has a beautiful view, but at some point you stop deriving pleasure from it," Howell says. When you take only a quick journey, the elation spike is brief. How high you go! How quickly you return to reality!, An extended vacationeven to somewhere familiar, like a beach town three hours away from homemay create more meaningful, lasting memories when compared with an exotic yet chaotic vacation overseas. And having a bank of them to tap into can add to happiness, research shows. So try to budget for a two-week trip. Even just planning gives you a boost one study from the Netherlands indicates that the bliss of a trip can start months before it begins, owing to the anticipation. You also get the added benefit of the vacation itselfand the memories you build while vacationing. Committing to a few do-good gestures a day can increase your general level of contentment. "I've found that when people are told to try to do three to five acts of kindness a week, they get happier," Lyubomirsky reports. "It does not have to be a grand gesture, given that women are already doing so much caregiving. At the store, let someone get in line ahead of you. Give a compliment. Smile at someone." Or simply do something thoughtful for your significant other, she says "We did a study in which we asked someone to choose a person in her life to make happier, like her husband, three times a week. It also made the giver significantly happier.", One enjoyable thing you should do every weekend make plans for the next one. "The anticipation powers you through the workweek," Morgenstern says. The tactic also helps you avoid making passive, meh plans, such as accepting the Saturday dinner invite from that couple you don't totally like just because you have nothing better on tap. Morgenstern has a formula for a blissful weekend PEPphysical, escape, people. In other words, a mix of physical activities that energize you, escapist activities that relax you, and time spent with people who inspire you. "It's a good framework for putting together weekends that leave you happy," she says. Not to mention entire happier weeks.