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Metal Hydrides for NiMH Battery Applications

By: Dhanesh Chandra,* Wen-Ming Chien and Anjali Talekar, Material Matters Volume 6 Article 2

University of Nevada, Reno, College of Engineering
Reno, NV 89557

Rechargeable solid-state batteries are becoming increasingly important due to wide-spread use in computers, portable electronics, and vehicular applications. The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV), a collaboration between the U.S. government and auto industry, was initiated in 1996 to promote the development of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) with significantly increased fuel economies. As shown in Figure 1, metal hydride and Li-ion batteries have high energy densities and are the most promising classes of modern rechargeable batteries.1 Li-ion batteries are very attractive for modern portable electronic devices, and nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries are a significant component of modern hybrid automobiles. Based on 1996 prices, the estimated cost of these materials was <$1/gH produced (Table 2).2-4 Although both NiMH and Li ion batteries are equally important for various applications, the cradle-to-gate (ctg) life Ectg/kg basis is somewhat higher than that of other batteries (Figure 2).5 This article is a summary of rare earth intermetallic compounds and their structures, properties, technologies, and applications, particularly with regard to rechargeable batteries.

Figure 1. Comparison of volumetric and gravimetric energy density of the important NiMH, lead-acid (PbA), Ni-Cd, Na/S, and Li–ion batteries1.

Figure 2. Average cradle-to-gate life (Ectg) per watt hour basis with one standard deviation for NiMH, lead-acid (PbA), Ni-Cd, Na/S, and Li–ion batteries.5

Metal hydrides have been widely investigated over the years, with significant interest developing in the 1960s. The majority of research activities prior to 1960 are reported in Metal Hydrides, a book by Mueller, Blackledge, and Libowitz.6 More recent work is covered in several good reviews by Schlapbach,7 Sandrock,8 Yvon,9 Fukai,10 Walker,11 and others. In general, metastable binary or higher-order alloys that reversibly absorb/desorb hydrogen are preferred in applications due to their metastable nature: pure elements tend to form comparably stable hydrides. The precursor alloys that are used for hydrides are broadly classified into six categories based on A-B component systems. Examples of simple binary systems, with no substitutions, are:

  1. AB (HfNi, FeTi)
  2. AB2 (Mn2Zn, TiFe2)
  3. A2B (Hf2Fe, Mg2Ni)
  4. A2B7 (Pr2Ni7, Ce2Co7)
  5. AB3 (NdCo3, GdFe3)
  6. AB5 (LaNi5, CeNi5)

The AB5-type, LaNi5H6.7 hydrides have high volumetric capacities (~130 kgH2/m3), low gravimetric capacities (~2 wt.% H2), and operate near room temperature. To help understand the development of these hydrides, the unsubstituted A-B hydrides will be discussed first in terms of hydrogen capacities. The following discussion will focus on the effect of one component substitution in the A-B systems. Finally, this article will address more practical hydrides, some of which are commercialized.

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Thermodynamics and Crystal Structures of NiMH Battery Materials

Metal hydrides were first used for storage of hydrogen in the solid state. The alloys used for metal hydrides in NiMH battery applications are mainly AB5- and AB2-type; other alloy structures may be under consideration but will not be addressed here. Table 1 describes some important properties of these model structure types.

Table 1. Intermetallic Compounds and their Hydrogen Storage Properties.12

The most important properties for battery applications are the hydrogen capacity, isotherm pressure, hysteresis, volumetric expansion/contraction, enthalpies, and hydriding/dehydriding temperatures. Additional properties are important for practical applications. These include the activation of alloys, decrepitation, kinetics, heat transfer, gaseous impurities in H2, cyclic ability, safety, metallurgical fabrication of the alloys in large scale, cost, and recycling.

Thermodynamic properties are obtained by measuring volumetric isotherms using a Sieverts apparatus; these are now commercially available. Typically, we obtain isotherms at a constant temperature, yielding the H/M ratio and wt.% H. As the alloy starts to absorb hydrogen, a solid solution region is observed, called the α-phase. As more hydrogen is absorbed, the α→β phase transition occurs, giving the hydride phase in the plateau region. A schematic of this is shown in Figure 3; the x- and y-axes represent the hydrogen/metal ratio and pressure, respectively. Next, we measure many isotherms at different temperatures and obtain mid-plateau pressures. One generally observes hysteresis in the isotherms between desorption/absorption. Plotting ln P vs. 1/T(K) yields the van′t Hoff plot, and the slope of the van′t Hoff line gives ΔH/R. The enthalpy of formation is given by (-ΔH/R). The desired properties of the hydrides are estimated by creating a window of operation, f(p,T). van′t Hoff plots for many of the important hydrides are shown in Figure 4; these will be discussed later in the following sections. The α→β phase transition for AB5 materials is described by the equations given below:

Here, M = metal or alloy (ex: LaNi5), which first forms a solid solution phase with hydrogen, MHy, designated as the α-phase. Then, this α-phase forms a hydride, MHx. In the case of LaNi5 (Aldrich Prod. No. 685933) , the LaNi5-H phase forms first and then the LaNi5H7 forms. There is only a solid solution region beyond a certain temperature (Tcritical). The most important metal hydrides include several rare earth materials, which are listed in Table 1.3, 4

Figure 3. (A) An isotherm showing a sloped plateau for hydrogen absorption and desorption isotherms. Hysteresis between absorption and desorption isotherms is also shown. (B) The effect of temperature on the isotherm plateau pressure and phase transitions regions from α → α + β → β are shown. (C) The van’t Hoff plot derived from the isotherms obtained at various temperatures; whose slope yields the enthalpy of hydriding.18

Figure 4. A compilation of the van’t Hoff plots of selected elemental, classical, and complex hydrides. The boxed area represents the desired temperature and pressure range of operation for vehicular applications.2, 12, 13, 14, 18

As will be discussed later, there are many substituted compounds that effect thermodynamic properties. Some simple examples of cycling effects from our work on substituted LaNi5 show significant disproportionation after 10,000 cycles (~1 h each) suggesting loss of hydriding properties (Figure 5). Simple Ni-site substitutions with small amounts of Sn improved cycle life significantly; even after 10,000 cycles there is no significant loss in hydrogen capacity in LaNi4.8Sn0.2 (Figure 6). Further details on thermal cycling and aging of substituted LaNi5 alloys can be found in Lambert et al.,15 Chandra et al.,16 and Percheron-Guegan et al.17 The knowledge of long-term cycling and thermal aging behavior of hydrides is essential to evaluate the hydrogen storage performance over a period of time. Thus, proper substitution of A or B in AB5 or AB2 can enhance cycle life, corrosion resistance properties, hysteresis, and electrochemical properties. Optimal stoichiometry battery alloys will be discussed in the following sections.

Figure 5. Isotherm of LaNi5.2 taken at 25 °C after intrinsic P-T cycling for 10 (activation), 1500, and 10,000 times, showing severe degradation of this hydride.15

Figure 6. Isotherms of LaNi0.8Sn0.2 taken at 25 °C, before and after P-T intrinsic cycling for 1500 and 10,000 times showing virtually no loss in hydrogen capacity in the case of LaNi0.8Sn0.2.15

Crystal Structures of Battery Materials

Important properties for the MH battery are durability/cycle life, hydrogen capacity, and charge/discharge efficiency. From this standpoint, rare earth AB5 and AB2 metal hydrides are most desirable for longrange use in plug-in-hybrid-electric vehicle (PHEV) and electric vehicle (EV) applications. These are referred to as NiMH batteries and operate around ambient temperature. For example, the Toyota™ Prius (II-V models) use sealed NiMH batteries, which are estimated to have a 150,000 mile battery life based on the manufacturer′s laboratory bench testing.19 With further developments in the cycle life and energy densities of NiMH batteries, the upcoming electric vehicles may use these reliable high energy density batteries. These types of hydrides are now called “Classical Hydrides,” but they have remarkable battery properties that are achieved by micro-alloying both A and B components, increasing the electrochemical and cycle life of the batteries.

Crystal Structure of AB5 and AB2 Hydride Materials

The crystal structures for the AB5 and AB2 compounds are listed in Table 2. The AB5 compounds are line intermetallic compounds. AB2 are intermetallic or intermediate compounds (with a small homogeneity range of compositions) and may not have the exact 1:2 stoichiometric composition.

Table 2. Selected classical hydrides with their hydrogen capacities and plateau pressures (Prices basis: mid-1996).3, 4, 8

Structure of AB5 Compounds

Many NiMH batteries are made out of AB5-type structure materials. The main base alloy materials are LaNi5 and MmNi5 (mischmetal-nickel alloy, Aldrich Prod. No. 685976 ), and the A and B components are invariably substituted in these materials to improve properties. The model compound, LaNi5, has a hexagonal crystal structure, Strukturbericht D2d (CaCu5-type, P6/mmm, a = 5.0228 Å, and c = 3.9826 Å). In the LaNi5 structure, there is one site for La (1a site) and two different sites for Ni. The first Ni-site (2c site) is surrounded by La atoms and the other Ni-site (3g site) is located in the middle layer of the hexagonal structure with only Ni atoms. In many cases there is excess Ni (e.g., LaNi5.2) and this varies the c/a ratio.20 The structures of both the intermetallic LaNi5 and the hydride are shown in Figure 7.20-22

Figure 7. Crystal structure LaNi5 20, 21 and LaNi5H7.22

The hydride is LaNi5H7, which is generally ordered and is a line compound. Latriuge reported the structure to be a hexagonal double cell with a space group P63mc, a = 5.409 Å, and c = 8.6 Å.21, 22 Joubert et al.,23 Thompson, Reilly and Hasting,24 and many other groups have also reported this structure.

Practical battery materials are based on the AB5 model. In one of the optimum commercial alloys, the A-site of LaNi5 is substituted with mischmetal (Mm), which is a mixture of many elements ranging from atomic number 51 to 71. The B-site is substituted with Co-Al-Mn. Manufacturers of batteries have their variation of substitutions that are proprietary, but some promising alloys are listed in Table 2 (Nos. 1 through 8). The alloy MmNi3.5Co0.7Al0.8 (shown in Figure 4 and Table 2) appears to be appropriate for battery properties and has the highest raw materials cost normalized to reversible capacity. Due to cost and other considerations, Co is not very desirable but is alloyed in small quantities for corrosion resistance.

Structure of AB2 Compounds

Materials of the AB2-type are generally Laves phase structures (Strukturbericht C14 and C15). This is another class of NiMH batteries; some important materials are listed in Table 2 (Nos. 8 through 14). These materials also charge/discharge at near ambient temperatures like the AB5 hydrides. The C14 materials may have cubic, orthorhombic, or hexagonal structures. Figure 8 shows two types of common structures for C14 and C15 phases. An important example of C14 is ZrMn2, which has a hexagonal structure with Z = 4 (ZrMn2/formula unit) in the unit cell and is used for gas separation applications. The C15 structure of AB2 has Z = 8/formula unit in the unit cell, as seen in ZrV2-type materials; Yvon reported that H atoms occupy the A2B2 tetrahedral interstices.27 Examples of AB2 compounds include GdMn2, HfV2, CeNi2, and TiCr1.8.

Figure 8. (A) One of the structures of the C14 Laves phases25 and (B) one of the structures of the C15 Laves phases.26

In this AB2 case, the common elements for A are Ti, Zr, Hf, and other rare earths (excluding Lu). Common B-site elements are Cr, V, Fe, and Mn. Many substitutions may be made for A and B to improve battery performance. Daimler Benz developed TiZr0.02V0.43Fe0.09Cr0.05Mn01.5 (Table 2, No. 10, Aldrich Prod. No. 685941 ), a commercial alloy that has a reasonable price.28

The third class of materials that may have potential in NiMH batteries are AB hydrides. These generally have "CsCl"-type structures (Strukturbericht B2, space group Pm-3m). Libowitz29 first reported ZrNi hydrides that hydrided around 100 °C, and in 1974, Reilly30 developed an FeTi alloy (Table 2, No. 17) that formed FeTiH and FeTiH1.5 and exhibited two plateaus at 30 °C. Reilly31 also discovered TiFe0.7Mn0.2, which shows an H/M = 1 at 40 °C, and, Sandrock32 developed TiFe1-y Aly (y = 0.04 to 0.10), TiFe0.85Mn0.15, and TiFe0.8Ni0.2 (Table 2, Nos.17 and 18).32

Substitutions of A and B in AB5 and AB2 Compounds

The line compound hydrides are LaNi5, YNi5 (Aldrich Prod. No. 693928) , CeNi5, MmNi5, and others. The A and B components are generally substituted to yield the most desirable properties. For example, the isotherm properties are modified to give a desirable plateau pressure, in some cases nearly two orders of magnitude near operating temperature. The LaNi5 is a model compound that has a plateau pressure of 1.5 atm; NdNi5, CeNi5, and others also have high plateau pressures. A-site substitutions involve commercial mischmetal alloy mixtures (La, Pr, Ce, Nd). In this case hysteresis is increased but the hydrogen storage capacity is not reduced. Partial substitutions are also possible, in compounds such as Mm1-xCaNi5, which yield reduced plateau pressures as well as hysteresis. B-site substitutions of Ni with Pt, Cu, and others have not led to useful compounds. Partial substitution of the B-site, on the other hand, has led to many changes in thermodynamic properties. For battery applications, it is important that there is minimum volume change during hydriding/dehydriding; it was shown that addition of Co reduces volumetric change. Sakai reported that fully substituted MmNi5, used in battery electrode applications, has some Co content to improve electrode life.37 There are other patents and citations that have not been included in this review for brevity. The commercial B-substituted MmNi5 alloys containing Co, Al, and Mn exhibit plateau pressures below 1 bar and good corrosion resistance. It is suggested that the commercial electrode alloy composition is approximately MmNi3.5Co0.8Mn0.4Al0.3. This alloy has great commercial value for battery applications as well as other hydrogen storage alloys for fuel cell and other stationary hydrogen storage applications. Partial B-site substitutions with Sn, Mn, In, and Si have also yielded superior performing hydrides. The most interesting ones that produced the optimum hydriding properties are Al and Sn. The well-known LaNi4.5Al0.5 has been used for Tritum applications. An example of single B-element substitution is shown for LaNi5.2 and LaNi4.8Sn0.2 (Figures 5 and 6). It can be seen that thermal cycle life is profoundly affected by changes in alloying element. Bowman improved the properties of these alloys, which have been used for heat pumps in space applications.33 In addition, it was found that cycle life improvements are possible with these substitutions.34 Rare earths are also substituted in AB2 compounds; compounds such as MmMnAl, LaMnAl, TiZr0.02V0.43Fe0.09Cr0.05Mn01.5, and TiMn1.4V0.62 are equally important for our applications. Sandrock and Goodell also performed ambient pressure cycling on Fe0.85Mn0.15Ti0.5 and showed the effect of gas impurities upon cycling.35

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Electrochemical Reactions in NiMH Batteries

A schematic of a NiMH battery is shown in Figure 9, where the metal hydride is the negative electrode, NiO(OH)/Ni(OH)2 is the positive electrode, and KOH is the electrolyte. On the positive side, the Ni(OH)2 electrode oxidizes to NiO(OH) during charging and reduces back to Ni(OH)2 during discharging. At the negative electrode, the metal hydride reduces to the alloy during discharge. The charge-discharge redox equations are also shown in Figure 9. It should be noted that there is no precipitation mechanism in this type of battery, as seen in Ni/Cd and others; the charge/discharge mechanism proceeds via proton transfer between Ni hydroxide and the metal hydride.

Figure 9. Charge-discharge mechanism in a NiMH battery.36

Over the years, these AB5 compounds have been optimized for long cycle life, structural integrity, corrosion resistance, and low cost. It should be noted that substitution of AB5 or AB2 hydrides has a profound effect on the hydride properties, which have been optimized by battery manufacturers. The decrepitation of AB5 electrodes was improved by addition of Co, Mn, and Al to LaNi5 (Aldrich Prod. No. 685968) . Koriyama reported the electrochemical durability of the electrodes due to substitution of various elements in LaNi5 electrode, and these are listed in Table 3.36

Table 3. Effects of substitution of La in LaNi5-based alloy with other rare earths.37

Typically, Mm(Ni,Co,Mn,Al)5 powders or closely related compositions are used for batteries. The driving range for Mitsubishi® Libero EV has been established at 220 miles at 28 kwH battery storage energy based on 1999 report.3 The cycle life of NiMH batteries is generally >1,000 with (practical) specific charge of 70-80 Wh/kg, although the theoretical charges are in the range of 220 and 230 Wh/kg for AB5 and AB2, respectively.37 For the MmNi3.6Al0.4Co0.7Mn0.3 alloy, the discharge capacities of the alloy remain at 250 mAh/g with a nominal fading in capacity (to the extent of ~20 mAh/g) after prolonged cycling. Studies have also been performed on complex substituted alloys (from Sweden) of MmNi5 [(La0.58Ce0.29Nd0.08Pr0.05) (Ni3.6Co0.7Mn0.3Al0.4)] that showed improved activation and a high rate of discharge capacity by using sintered hydride electrodes.38 Another example of cycle life of LaNi4.7Al0.0.3 as compared to Mm0.95Ti0.05Co0.45Mn0.35Al0.15 is shown in Figure 10.39 Another example of electrochemical cycling of LaNi4.8Sn0.1+x showed that LaNi4.8Sn0.2 had better cyclic stability than the off-stoichiometric alloys such as LaNi4.8Sn0.1 and LaNi4.8Sn0.4 (Figure 11).

Figure 10. Discharge capacity of Mm0.95Ti0.05Co0.45Mn0.35Al0.35 and LaNi4.7iAl0.3.39

Figure 11. Discharge capacity of off-stoichiometric alloy, LaNi4.8iSn0.1+x.40

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Societal Impacts of the Use of NiMH Batteries

NiMH hydride batteries are used in hybrid automobile batteries, electric razors, toothbrushes, cameras, camcorders, mobile phones, pagers, medical instruments/equipment, and numerous other applications. Because Li-ion battery technology is developing at an accelerated rate, development of NiMH battery materials must continue in order for this technology to remain competitive. NiMH batteries, however, appear to have slightly better life cycles than Li-ion batteries (Figure 2) on a MJ/Wh basis. It should be noted that the 2010 Toyota™ Prius uses Sanyo® Electric Co. NiMH batteries.

Metal hydrides have several other applications besides battery technology. Among them is hydrogen storage for vehicular fuel cell and internal combustion (IC) engine applications. These have great environmental implications, as the hydrogen vehicles emit water rather than CO2. Many companies have made prototype hydrogen/fuel cell operated automobiles; Frank Lynch at HCI in Colorado developed metal tanks in the 1970s for the operation of Caterpillar® tractors using these hydrides. The main issue for practical modern automobiles is the development of reliable light-weight hydrides that are reversible and have approximately 10 wt.% H storage capacity. With additional development and optimization, it is hoped that some of the battery alloys listed in Table 2 may someday be used for this purpose.

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  1. Tarascon, J.-M.; Armond, M. Nature 2001, 414, 359.
  2. Sandrock, G.; Thomas, G. IEA/DOE/SNL Hydride Database.
  3. Sandrock, G.; Thomas, G. Compilation of IEA/DOE/SNL databases Technical Report for International Energy Agency (IEA): 1997.
  4. Reilly, J.; Wiswall, R.H., Jr. Hydrogen Storage and Purification Technical Report for Brookhaven National Laboratory: 1972.
  5. Sullivan, J.L.; Gaines, L. A review of Battery Life-cycle Analyses: State of Knowledge and Critical Needs Technical Report for Center for Transportation Research, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory: 2010.
  6. Mueller, W.M.; Blackledge, J.P.; Libowitz, G.G. Metal Hydrides; Academic: New York, 1968.
  7. Schlapbach, L., Ed., Hydrogen in Intermetallic Compounds I: Electronic, Thermodynamic, and Crystal lographic Properties, Preparation; Springer: Berlin, 1988.
  8. Sandrock, G. J. Alloys Compd. 1999, 293-295, 877.
  9. Yvon, K. Chimia, 1998, 52, 613.
  10. Fukai, Y. The Metal-Hydrogen System; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993.
  11. Walker, G. Solid State Hydrogen Storage: Materials and Chemistry; Woodhead Publishing: Cambridge, England, 2008.
  12. Sandrock, G. and Thomas, G. Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 2001, 72, 153.
  13. Luo, W.; Ronnebro, E. J. Alloys Compd. 2005, 404-406, 392.
  14. Sandrock, G. Hydrogen Energy System: Production and Utilization of Hydrogen and Future Aspects. In Application of Hydrides; Yurum, Y., Ed.; Kluwer Academic: Dordrecht, 1995; p 135.
  15. Lambert, S.W.; Chandra, D.; Cathey, W.N.; Lynch, F.E.; Bowman, R.C., Jr. J. Alloys Compd. 1992, 187, 113.
  16. Chandra, D.; Bagchi, S.; Lambert, S.W.; Cathey, W.N.; Lynch, F.E.; Bowman, R.C., Jr. J. Alloys Compd. 1993, 199, 93.
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  18. Chandra, D.; Reilly, J.J.; Chellappa, R. JOM 2006, 58, 26.
  19. Toyota Motor Corp. Toyata Prius: Performance and Specificications. (accessed April 2011)
  20. Mizuno, M.; Araki, H.; Shirai, Y. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 2009, 109, 2758.
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  25. Barrett, C.S. Crystal Structures of Metals. In Metals Handbook, Vol. 8: Metallography, Structures, and Phase Diagrams, 8th ed.; Lyman, T., Ed.; American Society for Metals: Metals Park, Ohio, 1973.
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Learn the Rules of a Soccer Throw In

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Learn the rules of a legal throw-in in this video to avoid giving away simple fouls

This video is for any newcomer to the sport awnting to brush up on the rules before playing

Benjamin Tordjmann

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In this video, you will learn the rules of a throw-in.

Throw-ins are very common in football.

They allow a player to get a ball that has left the pitch back into play.

Whenever a player knocks the ball off the sidelines of a pitch, a member of the opposing team will perform the throw-in.

To perform the throw-in the player must position themselves at the point where the ball left the pitch.

Your performance must respect certain rules in order to be legal.

The three rules to follow when performing a throw-in are as follows: the position of your feet, the way you hold the ball in your hands and the throwing technique.

Position your feet outside the boundaries of the pitch and keep them on the ground.

Hold the ball firmly between your hands.

For a better grip, bring together your two thumbs, forming a W shape with your index fingers. Then place your other fingers on the ball.

Hold the ball and your hands behind your head by bending your elbows and throw the ball back over your head.

Let go of the ball once is it above your head.

To throw the ball further, take a run up! For more information, watch our video on long throw-ins.

You now know how to perform a throw-in.

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This video was created in partnership with

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Riding the Bear Creek section of the Rainbow Trail. Rider: Greg Heil. Photo: Marcel Slootheer

A rider was out on the popular Bear Creek section of the Rainbow Trail above Salida, Colorado when he came upon four men who “were dressed in military camouflage clothing and had large duffle bags, which appeared to be full, on their backs,” according to a report in The Mountain MailChris Naccarato, a Salida District Fire Management Officer for the US Forest Service, marked the location on his GPS unit during the encounter on August 28 and called it in.

On September 2, the grow location along the Rainbow Trail was confirmed by authorities, consisting of over 7 acres of federal land in the San Isabel National Forest. On Tuesday, October 3, a raid was conducted by a joint task force of four federal and county agencies. They arrested four immigrants living illegally in the US and confiscated 4,213 marijuana plants.

Bear Creek section of the Rainbow Trail. Photo: Greg Heil.

According to an article in the Denver Postthe grow operation was very sophisticated, complete with irrigation piping, pesticides, camping equipment, and other infrastructure. A gun was also confiscated at the site.

The men working the grow were set to make $200 per day for their labor once the harvest was complete, according to the affidavit referenced by The Mountain Mail.

This is by no means the first illegal marijuana grow operation to be busted in Colorado, or even in the immediate Salida area. In September, an illegal grow in nearby Bonanaza was raided to the tune of $5 million in confiscated marijuana. According to the Valley Courier1,200-1,500 plants were confiscated. In another incident in nearby Rye, a hiker found an illegal grow of 7,400 plants, totaling $7 million in marijuana.

While no other monetary information has been released yet regarding the Bear Creek grow, extrapolating from numbers from other articles a marijuana plant could be worth anywhere from $1,000 to $4,000. Even using the conservative $1,000 figure, the grow along the Bear Creek trail was worth at least $4.2 million.

Since mountain bikers travel through areas like this one that are far from the prying eyes of the general population, it’s wise to be aware of your surroundings and avoid dangerous situations. If you think you’ve stumbled upon an illegal marijuana grow while mountain biking (or otherwise), authorities advise you to leave the site just as you found it, and call 911.

# Comments

  • John Fisch

    We were told one of the key benefits of legalizing it would be the elimination of the black market and all the sketchy activities that go along with it.

  • triton189

    And I constantly read about people worried about bears and cougars. It’s “humans” you gotta keep an eye on.

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Just Wing It

They say that practice makes perfect, which is why you should never practice your speech before getting on that stage. Audiences don’t want to listen to someone who sounds totally prepared. They want a speaker who seems unprepared because there is a sense of danger and unpredictability. It’s a bit like being an action hero.

For your next presentation, DO NOT practice, just wing it instead – you’re more likely to screw up and your audience will love that.

Think Negatively

There is another school of thought that says thinking positively results in positive outcomes. But you don’t want that, your goal is to bomb. That is why it is imperative that you load your head with as many negative thoughts prior to your presentation as you can.

Here are some thoughts to get you started:

“I am going to bomb.”

“The audience is going to hate me.”

“I have no idea what I’m talking about.”

“I’ve failed at everything I’ve tried in the past and today will be no different!”

Stay Up the Night Before

Research has shown that staying up late the night before a presentation increases your stress levels. This is exactly what you want. Stress releases cortisol, one of the powerful “fight or flight” hormones which causes our hearts to race and blood pressure to rise.

The result?

An inability to focus, think clearly, or speak without stammering. This is exactly how you want to come across, like a zombie. People love zombies, that’s why “The Walking Dead” is so popular.

So, do your best to stay up as late as you can the night before to ensure you don’t get proper rest. If at all possible, pull an all-nighter and watch the magic happen.

Here are a couple of ways you can ensure you don’t get a proper night’s sleep:

Eat a heavy meal very lateResearch reveals that your body processes food differently at night than during daytime hours. When we eat late at night, our body is forced to stay awake to process all of those calories. This is what you want, so best to eat a whole pizza as late as you can. Oh, and why not add a 2-litre of soda so you’re properly caffeinated.

Stare at your smartphone or laptopThe Sleep Foundation has conducted research proving that the blue light emitted from our electronic devices impacts our brain’s ability to release the sleep hormones that make you tired. So, the night before your presentation, it’s a good idea to watch movies on your laptop or play Candy Crush on your phone all night.

Assume the Audience Hates You

Many presenters are told to look for friendly faces in the audience and focus on those. This is supposed to remind speakers that the audience is on their side and wants them to succeed. Of course, this trick ultimately helps speakers relax and feel confident. Which is EXACTLY what we don’t want.

If you want to really bomb, your best bet is to assume the audience hates you. Really hates you and is sitting on the edge of their collective seat, just waiting for you to screw up so they can have a good laugh at your expense. This will make you feel vulnerable and anxious so you have no choice but to completely tank your speech.

Rush Through the Whole Thing

Successful speakers are the ones aware of pacing. They know to take deep breaths throughout their speech to slow down the pace. They know how to use pauses effectively to keep their listeners engaged. Speaking slowly and clearly is a great way to ensure your audience receives your message.

But we don’t want that. We want you to bomb, so for this reason it would be in your best interest to speak as quickly as possible, never pausing, not even for one second. For added effect, stumble over your words as much as possible.

Don’t Make Eye Contact

When you make eye contact with your audience, it tends to make them more engaged and listen intently. As this is NOT your goal, you should look in one of three places: down at your notes, down at your feet, or at your PowerPoint slides.

Okay, obviously we are being quite sarcastic with these tips. Your goal should never be to bomb during your presentation. You should always look for ways to succeed during your speech. With that in mind, if you do the COMPLETE OPPOSITE of what we’ve just recommended you will be the kind of speaker who is prepared, confident, and engages their audience.

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Tuesday, December 12, 2017
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MP3 AUDIO: Patoranking x AliKiba – Katika

“Multi-award winning African Dancehall act from Nigeria; Patoranking teams up Tanzania’s King Kiba courtesy of the 5th Season of Coke Studio Africa. ‘Katika’ is a fine blend...

MP3 AUDIO: Alikiba Ft. Patoranking – Katika

Tanzanian star Alikiba has collaborated with Nigerian dancehall act Patoranking to convey this fresh out of the plastic new melody titled Katika. Created by Masterkraft! Download: Alikiba...


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Friday, August 29, 2008|10:30 PM - 1:30 AM

The Billy Hart Quartet

with Mark Turner & Ethan Iverson

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Billy Hart

Hart was born in Washington D.C. on November 29, 1940.His first steady gigs of note were with Shirley Horn and Buck Hill. In the 1960's he toured with ...

Artist profile
Mark Turner photo

Mark Turner

Tenor Sax

Born in Fairborn, Ohio, and raised in Southern California, Turner originally intended to become a commercial artist. In elementary school he played the clarinet, followed by the alto ...

Artist profile
Ethan Iverson photo

Ethan Iverson

Ethan Iverson (born February 11, 1973 in Menomonie, Wisconsin) is a pianist and composer best known for his work in the post-modern piano trio, The Bad Plus, with ...

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Ben Street

Ben Street is a New York-area jazz double-bassist. He has played with many great jazz artists, notably Kurt Rosenwinkel on the Album "Next Step," Ben Monder on the ...

Artist profile


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• Aspen HBSAG Test Kit

Aspen HBSAG Test Kit

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  • Includes: 40 Devices,1 package insert & 40 droppers
  • Blood test that measures Hepatitis B Surface Antigen levels.
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigen is the earliest indicator of the presence of a Hepatitis B infection
  • The HBsAg test is often used in STD screening as well as health screening for employment reasons
  • Typically
  • a negative HBsAg means that the person does not have Hepatitis B. There are rare windows of time in which the HBsAg antibodies will have disappeared while long-term IgG antibodies have not yet appeared.


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Top 5 PayPal Casinos of 2017

If you are looking for a mobile casino with easy deposits, fast payouts, and secure transactions, then choosing one that accepts PayPal is probably the right decision.

Casino players like PayPal because it enables you to make deposits and collect winnings without sharing your credit card information or banking details. Because of its popularity, many operators have added PayPal to their repertoire of payment options. We reviewed hundreds of PayPal casinos and listed the top 5 brands below. All of them shine with a fantastic welcome bonus, plenty of mobile slots, 24/7 customer support and fast transactions through PayPal.

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How does PayPal work on mobile

PayPal works great on both mobile and desktop, and you can use one account across all your devices. Although you can quickly sign up at, we recommend downloading the app from the App Store/Google Play store as this will make all future transactions at online casinos even quicker.

Setting up a personal account couldn't be easier, and you just have to follow the three simple steps below:

  1. Sign up with your email address and password
  2. Securely link your bank account, debit cards and credit cards
  3. Use the PayPal button at any mobile casino to deposit and withdraw money

PayPal is compatible with iOS (iPhone 3GS and later) devices, iPads and most newer Android smartphones and tablets. For a full list of compatible devices, please refer to PayPal's FAQ page.

Using PayPal in mobile casinos

Once you signed up, you can start using PayPal in your online casino of choice. What's even better is that the transaction process is the same across all casinos. To give you an example, we will run through the deposit and withdrawal process at Betway Casino, one of the best PayPal casinos on the market.

How to make a deposit to your Betway account

  1. Sign up at Betway or log in if you already created an account
  2. Open the sidebar navigation and click on the 'Deposit' icon
  3. Select PayPal from the list of payment methods
  4. Add a deposit amount, tick the box and hit 'Deposit'
  5. Click on 'Verify Payment' (For additional security, PayPal uses their servers for all transactions)
  6. Log into your 'PayPal' account and verify payment
  7. With PayPal's OneTouch enabled, you will skip the previous step and land straight on the confirmation page.

How to withdraw money from your Betway account

To withdraw money you follow the same process as described above but instead of clicking on the 'Deposit' icon you have to click on Withdraw. Please refer to the screenshot below to make sure you click on the right icon.

Play at Betway Today

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  • Claim £1000 Welcome Bonus
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PayPal Fees

PayPal doesn't charge a fee to open a PayPal account. However, just like any other payment processor, it does apply charges to certain transaction types. Please find a summary of all relevant fees below.

Making payments
There are no fees within the UK to purchase goods or services, e.g. deposit at an online casino.

Receiving money
PayPal does charge you for receiving money such as winnings from a mobile casino. The fee for each transaction is 3.4% plus 20p of the amount you receive.

Hint: It might be a good idea to keep your winnings in your account until you accumulated a larger amount to withdraw. This way you only have to pay the 20p charge once.

Internation payments
PayPal charges a fee for international payments. To avoid such charge, please ensure that when you sign up at a mobile casino, you choose the same default currency than your PayPal account. In the UK this would most likely be GBP.

Withdrawing money from your PayPal to your bank account
There is no cost to withdraw money from your PayPal account to your bank account.

PayPal Security

PayPal is all about security and is one of the most secure payment methods on the Internet. Here are four reasons why we recommend to sign up with a PayPal casino like Betway:

  1. Anonymity: PayPal lets you make and receive payments without exposing your bank details or credit card information to third-parties. Your sensitive data is always safe!
  2. Chargebacks: If you connected your debit or credit card to your PayPal account, you might find yourself in the situation where you have to request a chargeback. PayPal handles chargebacks extremely well and immediately puts a hold on the funds in the seller's account until the issue is resolved.
  3. 24/7 customer support: PayPal monitors every transaction, 24/7 to prevent against fraud and identity theft. They also employ a dedicated team of security specialists that help protect you from fraudulent transactions.
  4. Security: PayPal currently works in 202 countries and processes 25 currencies, and protects every (international) transaction with advanced encryption.

About PayPal

PayPal is an American online payment company that supports online money transfers in more than 200 countries. It was founded by Elon Musk (Tesla) and Peter Thiel (Investor in Facebook), among others, in December 1998. The company was acquired by eBay in July 2002 for $1.5 billion before spinning off back into a separate publicly traded company in 2014.


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Trustees ‘underestimate’ insurance needs

Trustees ‘underestimate’ insurance needs

SMSF trustees should pay more attention to their insurance needs, given the risk of death or permanent injury, according to Superannuation Australia.

Trustees have typically given limited regard to their insurance needs, with the Cooper Review finding approximately 13 per cent of SMSFs had insurance products as part of their investment strategy.

“The amendment to SIS regulation 4.09 has changed this and trustees should take this opportunity to really consider their insurance needs,” said Reece Agland, superannuation products and services manager at Superannuation Australia.

“Technically speaking, all trustees need to do to meet the new requirement is minute that they have considered their insurance needs, but if that is all they do they are missing the opportunity to protect the interest of members.”

Mr Agland cited the Cooper Review’s findings that 12,430 deaths of married people of working age occurred in 2008. An additional 235,000 workers with dependent children suffered serious injury or illness and 17,000 were unable to continue work due to those injuries or illness.

“We often underestimate the probability of death or permanent injury,” Mr Agland said. “We all want to believe that we will live a long, healthy life, but the facts suggest otherwise.

“The chance of death or permanent injury is real and it is time trustees took the situation seriously.”

Trustees ‘underestimate’ insurance needs
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April 24: Spoilers, Recaps and History | The Bold and the Beautiful – Bill and Brooke Engaged!

Monday, April 24, 2017 – Episode #7571

Brooke and Bill Engaged

Bill may have wanted to take Brooke on his desk the moment she returned his sword necklace to him, but Brooke was determined that their reunion would be something more special and invited Bill over that evening.

And what Bill found waiting for him were two of his favorite things.  Brooke and money. After dinner in Brooke’s kitchen, Brooke went to slip into something more comfortable and Bill found himself waiting – again.  But what’s a few minutes when he’d already told Brooke he’d wait forever for her.

What he found when he did make it into Brooke’s bedroom where a combination of two of his favorite things.  Brooke wearing a skimpy little number made up of money.  And a proposal.

MORE:  Bill and Brooke Engaged

After reconnecting, Bill tells Brooke that he just spent the night with her in his arms on top of a bed of cash – how much better could things get?

April 24 2017 B&B Spoilers

Katie pushes Quinn…

Meanwhile, over at Forrester Creations, Ridge and Quinn aren’t having nearly as much fun.  With Eric still clueless as to what has been going on behind his back between his son and wife, Katie is capitalizing on what she knows and everyone’s wish that Eric be kept in the dark.  For his own sake, of course.

Katie has “negotiated” her way into a job at Forrester Creations to keep an eye on Ridge and Quinn.  Not for a moment is she going to let them forget what she knows and that she is watching them.

So, it looks like Bill Spencer’s ex-wife is going to be working on PR and marketing at Forrester Creations and she tells Quinn it will turn out in her best interests.  Quinn will design her range of jewelry, she will do the PR and marketing and together they will celebrate the sanctity of Quinn’s marriage.

What Katie seems to forget is that when Quinn is pushed into a corner, the crazy tends to come out…

Ridge Begs Brooke To Take Off Spencer’s Ring

Ridge isn’t having a great day either, when Brooke turns up at work wearing Bill’s engagement ring.  He begs her to take off that ring and give him another chance…

April 21 in Bold and the Beautiful History

MORE:  This week on The Bold and the Beautiful

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Ed Sheeran - Multiply (Summer Review)
9Overall Score

Happy summer holidays guys! Now that school’s out it’s time to explore as many festivals and concerts as you can in your free time as well as tracking down new artists and tracks to get into. With your newfound free time, you need to be sitting outside in the sun listening to some truly amazing, fresh hits.

Now, Ed Sheeran shot to fame in late 2011 with his debut album ‘+’ reaching number one in the UK, Australian, Scottish, New Zealand and Irish official charts. His album received mixed reviews by critics but the public loved it. After touring for over 2 years, he’s finally gone back into the studio to produce his follow up album ‘X’.

‘X’ definitely follows on nicely from the debut album, progressing well but still carrying the acoustic, folky feel. You can tell, in the last few years, that he’s matured.  Songs such as ‘Sing’ seem a very long way from the sober and sincere balladry of Small Bump or Lego House.

Collaborating with artists such as Pharrell Williams, Gary Lightboy and Rudimental shows a shift in style, though he stays true to himself and his fans adore him for it. He’s bold, and gently pushing the boundaries he originally set and into more adult material.

His ballads, though matured and new, are still striking and beautiful, tracks such as ‘One’ and ‘Tenerife sea’ really show this off well. His rapping has also now become a strong backbone to his songs, integrating his soft acoustic sound with the up-tempo rap shows his raw ability to turn from ordinary ideas and make them extraordinary. ‘The Man’ is definitely a brilliant example of his diversity in this album.


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THE family of an autistic child has organised a fun day to pay for their son’s life-changing treatment in America.

The event on Saturday, September 1, will be held at The Railwaymens’ Club on Sussex Road to raise funds for five-year-old Hugh Evans.

Hugh was diagnosed as having autistic spectrum disorder in February, 2004. Since then he has been undergoing treatment with the Son-Rise programme, which places a heavy emphasis on play therapy, and has made dramatic improvements.

Hugh’s mum Margaret Evans said: “It’s going to be a great afternoon. There will be a large bouncy castle, face painting, food and stalls, and Alan, the entertainer will be there.

“All donations at the door will go to Hugh’s Son-Rise programme in Options Institute, Massachusetts.”

Limited parking is available so families are advised to walk to the event.


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zuka lands with a big music bang

Musa Ndwandwe

Musa Ndwandwe

It's been a long slog from selling home-made buns in the township to occupying the summit of the pop charts at a top youth radio station.

As in the movies, the story of Andile Shezi, known to his growing legion of fans as Zuka, has a heart-warming punchline about it.

Punted by top radio DJs as the next big thing, 20-year-old Durbanite Zuka has entered with a bang. His current single, Sizipholele, has taken the airwaves by storm and sold more than 5000 copies even before its launch, planned for this Easter.

Ukhozi FM and TS Records kingpin Sbusiso Leope, aka DJ Sbu, has given his stamp of approval, vowing to support Zuka's career though he belongs to a rival stable. The single is a constant feature on Ukhozi's highly popular breakfast show.

"The first thing that strikes me about Zuka as an artist is that he treats his work with a lot of respect. When you look at him he's neat and presents a good image at all times," says Leope.

"Zuka also shows the kindof hunger that I have not seen ina long time in a budding musician."

Just like most of the new kwaito ambassadors of the ilk of Hauza, Lvolvo Derrango, Zakes Madida (of Mayonie Productions) and others, Zuka is armed with a music education.

Growing up in a poor household, Zuka sold home-baked buns to pay for music lessons and pocket money, earning the nickname Cookie in the process.

"I pestered the late Qunta Mbhele to give me piano lessons while I was still at high school and I paid him R50 an hour," says Zuka.

As an only child in a poor family, Zuka "decided" early in life that he was destined for the top.

After matriculating at Chatsworth's Risecliff, Zuka enrolled at Durban University of Technology for a jazz and popular music performance qualification. There he would meet groups such as Black Coffee.

Having started out training as a vocalist, he later took lessons and ended up majoring as a bass player. His break came last year when he studied sound engineering at Durban's United Rhythm Studios and a producer, Dust, chanced on his demo.

"Dust was also in the process of forming his own record label, Dustinity Records, and I became his first signing," said Zuka.

They soon realised that to do justice to the quality of the music, more resources would be needed.

"We teamed up in a joint venture with Vusi Leeuw's Huge entertainment and this first album was the result."

While Zuka has undoubtedly announced his presence in an unforgiving industry, he is not basking in the new-found fame.


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Jul 15, 2015 04:07pm

The Basics of Transcendental Meditation

Add to Spiritual Diary

Transcendental Meditation is a simple, natural, effortless procedure practiced 20 minutes twice each day while sitting comfortably with the eyes closed.Transcendental Meditation is not a religion, philosophy, or lifestyle. It’s the most widely practiced, most researched, and most effective method of self-development.
person doing meditation
The Transcendental Meditation technique allows your mind to settle inward beyond thought to experience the source of thought — pure awareness, also known as transcendentalconsciousness, or the unified field. This is the most silent and peaceful level of consciousness — your innermost Self. In this state of restful alertness, your brain functions with significantly greater coherence and your body gains deep rest as the mind is quiet and stops thinking.
The Transcendental- Meditation technique is based on the ancient Vedic tradition of enlightenment in India. This knowledge has been handed down by Vedic masters from generation to generation for thousands of years.

About 50 years ago, Maharishi — the representative in our age of the Vedic tradition — introduced Transcendental Meditation to the world, restoring the knowledge and experience of higher states of consciousness at this critical time for humanity. When we teach the Transcendental Meditation technique today, we maintain the same procedures used by teachers thousands of years ago for maximum effectiveness.
There are many forms of meditation, with many goals. Other practices most often involve some concentration or control of the mind and others involve contemplation—thinking about something. These practices keep the mind engaged in some way, for example, by focusing on an object or on something like your breath. Others keep us aware of thoughts, or images. These practices keep the mind active in some way on the surface thinking level. TM allows the mind to simply, naturally and effortlessly transcend thinking and to experience a deep state of restfully alert consciousness. The holistic benefits that have been found to result from the practice of the TM technique are the automatic result of this unique experience.

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S-Works Evade
Part No.

S-Works Evade

Part No.  117104
The S-Works Evade shares its roots with some illustrious company, namely, the fastest TT helmet in the world, the S-Works McLaren TT. When we set out to design it, we wanted to create a helmet that had all the aerodynamic benefits of a TT helmet, only without sacrificing fit or ventilation. The logical place to start was with the shape. If you place the Evade and S-Works TT helmet side by side, you’ll notice they bear a striking resemblance to one another. The Evade uses the same profile shape as the TT, which results in a drastic decrease in drag. How drastic? Compared to the S-Works Prevail, it saves you 46 seconds over 40km. Making an aerodynamic road helmet is one thing, but ensuring that the fit and comfort are up to par is something else entirely. After all, one of the main detractions with TT helmets is that they don’t vent particularly well. And when you’re spending five hours in the saddle, you need to be sure that you’re getting proper venting to keep you cool. The Evade checks all these boxes, though. And with strategically positioned air vents, the S-Works Evade actually draws air around your head and then channels it out the rear exhaust ports to make sure that you keep cool when temperatures rise around you. But what good is a helmet if it isn't comfortable? No matter how fast it is, we know that a helmet will collect dust if it's uncomfortable. Our Trifix web splitter fit system, combined with a five-step height adjustment and ultra-light Mindset micro-dial, ensures comfort by making the perfect fit intuitive, easily obtainable, and completely foolproof.
  • Advanced aerodynamics saves 46 seconds over 40km compared to standard road helmet.
  • Patented Aramid-Reinforced Skeleton provides internal EPS support to help manage impact energy.
  • Ultra-light Mindset micro-dial fit system with height adjustability for the perfect fit.
  • 4th Dimension Cooling System with deep internal channels, large vents, and aligned exhaust ports.
  • Thin, soft, and lightweight 4X DryLite webbing won’t stretch out with sweat or water.
  • Tri-Fix web splitter for improved comfort and ease of strap adjustments.
  • Instrap webbing system for ultra-light construction and security.


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Back to Back Issues Page
Language Games For Elementary Students
November 11, 2016

Language Development In Children

We usually talk about younger kids here but we have lots of resources for elementary age students.

Language development in children starts at birth and continues throughout school and beyond.

Why is language so important? Well, communication is embedded in EVERY aspect of life.

For example, academic learning, reading, writing, friendships, behavior development, and self-expression all depend on language abilities. If when we aren't talking, we are still communicating!

Language Development in Children

Speech Therapy Talk's Store!! Up & Running!!

Affordable & Effective Materials

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Have a safe, sweet, happy Halloween.

Stay in touch,

Back to Back Issues Page


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Unread 01-07-2013, 02:35 PM   #89
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Of course I never thought to keep track in alpha order...silly old Lynn

So Post 2 will have a running total of the points. The chatterbox for the week will be by random generator as to who chatted that week and I will post it on Sunday
I am so far the only one with a card...good too since I am such a goof and had to change the name

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Bodi in, Ingram out for Delhi

2012-03-19 14:06

Delhi - The Delhi Daredevils have picked Victoria all-rounder Glenn Maxwell and South Africa batsman Gulam Bodi in their squad for the upcoming IPL season, in place of Colin Ingram and Travis Birt.

According to the Cricinfo website, Bodi, 33, has played two ODIs and a Twenty20 for South Africa. He made his first-class debut in 1996/97 and since then has played 131 First Class matches in which he's averaged 32.40. He's also played 64 Twenty20s, averaging 29.29 with a highest score of 98 not out.

"Gulam was the best available replacement, given that we had to find someone within Birt's base price," Daredevils team mentor TA Sekar said.

"Just the other day, he made a belligerent 90 off 51 balls with seven fours and five sixes for the Highveld Lions against the Warriors in their MiWay Twenty20 Challenge match."

  • coolshoesouthafrica - 2012-03-21 16:23

    Cant say I am surprised with the runs Colin scored while on International duty, I was looking forward to another Warrior playing in the IPL

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Write & Earn

WWE News: Diamond Dallas Page reveals he wanted the late Dusty Rhodes to induct him into HOF

Diamond Dallas Page reveals who he wanted to induct him into the Hall Of Fame originally.

The man Diamond Dallas Page originally envisioned inducting him in is no longer with us to do so.

What’s the story?

Former World Championship Wrestling (WCW) Champion Diamond Dallas Page has finally found his way to the Hall Of Fame. DDP will be inducted as one of the premiere inductees in the 2017 class.

While he hasn’t announced who will be doing the honours of inducting him when the time comes, DDP admitted, in a recent interview with YouTuber Myles, that the man who he always thought would do it, Dusty Rhodes, is no longer with us.

In case you didn’t know...

Rhodes passed away in June of 2015 after losing his battle with stomach cancer. He was 69-years-old.

The heart of the matter

Here’s what Page had to say about wanting Rhodes to induct him into the Hall Of Fame (courtesy of Wrestling Inc.):

"I never dreamed that I'd be a Hall Of Famer man. It wasn't my mission in the beginning because I went from a manager, to a wrestler. You know, at 35 in a match, so to ever think that I would be in this spot - I'm super honored and humbled to be here. When it comes to doing that speech, it's gonna be bittersweet because the guy who would've inducted me would've been Dusty Rhodes. And without him being there it's gonna - You can even hear it in my voice right? When I think about it. You know it hits me hard. So I'm really looking forward to it though man. It's a dream come true."

What’s next?

Rhodes inducting Page into the Hall Of Fame would have been an epic and emotional moment, but certainly, the WWE will find a more than suitable replacement to do the honour.

Sportskeeda’s take

Page transformed the industry after his invention of DDP Yoga which has extended the careers of many Superstars today. Rhodes inducting him into the Hall Of Fame would’ve been great, but he’ll definitely be watching with a smile from above.

Send us news tips at fightclub@sportskeeda.com

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Waving Flag of Saudi Arabia - Snapback Cap

Waving Flag of Saudi Arabia

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Snapback Cap
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  • Retro-style baseball cap. Adjustable size with snapback strap
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Old school style, not only for hip-hop fans. This new retro design baseball cap is a perfect addition to your chilled baggy look as it’s both urban and sporty.
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Spring Clean and De-stress!

il y a 25 mois

While it may not be the start of springtime in your country, a nice spring clean might be just the thing you need for a little pick-me-up! I find that having a messy room can make me feel down or stressed, but I don't notice until I clean up. What's more, many people are mildly allergic to dustmites, so a dusty room can make you feel tired and lethargic. Here are my simple tips for cleaning your room, and your mood!

Clean, clean, clean!
Make sure your environment is clean and healthy so you can relax properly in it! I did this by tidying things off my floor, giving my room a good vaccum, and changing the sheets on my bed. You might also like to do some dusting, clean your windows, and organise any closets or cupboards you might have. This is such great motivation to get your entire life organized!

Once you've cleaned your room, reward yourself with some self-care and relaxation! I had a nice shower, washed my hair, moisturised, then relaxed with a delicious coconut and lime scented candle-heaven! You could relax in any way you like, but I recommend including a bath or shower, because getting yourself clean feels so great after cleaning other things. If you have bath bombs or scented soap, this might be the perfect time to use them!

How do you relax and reward yourself?


text:
1. Australia
  2. QLD
  3. Brisbane
  4. Brisbane North
  5. #79215

The Huntington Villa with WIFI

Townhouse, Brisbane North

Rated 4.5 out of 5 stars 15 reviews

Confirmation within 24hr

From $107 per night {{quote.pricing.message}} Total {{quote.pricing.price | format:'currency':'short'}} for

Min 1 - 4 nights stay

5 guests
2 bedrooms
3 beds
1 bathroom

With all the comforts of home, THE VILLA is a great place to spend your weekend or extended stay in Brisbane. This property is ideally located in a secure complex, with 2 swimming pools and a tennis court just a stones throw away from the front door. The living area is open plan with the kitchen overlooking a fully fenced courtyard as well as the living area. There is direct internal access from the garage into the home. The Estate is a medium sized complex that has an on-site manager to look after the pools, gardens and the common area.

Access to the best of Brisbane

This 2 bedroom, fully furnished, energy efficient, self catering villa has.air conditioning, fully equipped kitchen & a Swimming pool. Only 20m to Buses connecting to Brisbane City. Close to all grades Schools. Less than 2 minutes to shops, Doctors, Dentist, Pharmacy, Restaurants Asian, Indian, Thai, Pizza and Aussie. Easy access to highway - LESS THAN one hour drive to theme parks North -Australia Zoo, Underwater World and South - Dreamworld, Movie World, Wet & Wild, Sea World and more

This Low set homeno stairs gives easy access for families, and a great location to explore Southeast Queensland.

Within short driving distances to popular Sporting Clubs like Wantima Country Club, South Pine Sporting Complex, Albany Links golf course, Les Huges Sporting Complex, One Mile Country Club.

Brisbane's fantastic nightlife is the city's best-kept secret. Toward the city you'll find excellent restaurants, wine bars, night clubs, and the Treasury Casino which is open 24/7. Closer by, there's a wide selection of great pubs and clubs for the poker machine or Texas Hold'em enthusiast.

And a short drive to the newly opened Eatons Hill Hotel & Function centre- Queensland's largest and most exciting new hotel complex.The Eatons Hill Hotel sets a new benchmark in leisure and entertainment, providing a fresh destination for food, entertainment and fun.

The VILLA is ideally located within easy walking distance to the local Shopping Village, the Tavern great steaks & transport. Here you'll be centrally located, with particularly easy access to the Sunshine Coast & other sights Queensland has to offer. With the fabulously famous Gold Coast just a short drive South and The Magnificent Sunshine Coast an equal distance to the North. Being located in Brisbane allows easy access to all there is to see here in South East Queensland, including Stadbroke and Morton Islands, Noosa, and much more.

Please note that this villa is situated in a quiet residential area and in order to ensure that all our guests enjoy their stay we have a strict 'No Party and No Gathering Policy'. Persons violating this by-law will be made to vacate immediately. On booking guests will be asked to provide a valid credit card coupled with a VALID identification.

Features covered by Stayz Rental Assurance

Air conditioning, Dishwasher, Parking, Private pool, Washing machine, Wheelchair accessible

Air conditioning Dishwasher Heating Iron and board Kitchen Linens provided Microwave Non-Smoking Parking Private pool Tennis Towels provided Washing machine Wheelchair accessible
The Huntington Villa with WIFI is rated 4.5 out of 5 by 15.
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Rated 5 out of 5 by from Excellent property Wonderful area and felt right at home, easy layout, highly recommend staying at this location and Had a awesome time, thank you for allowing us to make memorable experience, will definitely book again Tee
Date published: 2017-01-03
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Excellent property Loved our stay at the villas, nice tidy , quiet place close to all amenities and very welcoming for families. Thank you jose and jay for making our stay enjoyable. If in the area again will most definetly book again
Date published: 2016-11-29
Rated 4 out of 5 by from Excellent value for money, great location Villa is clean, comfortable and very close to all amenities. Nice secure complex and the owners are responsive to any questions. Would recommend and would stay again.
Date published: 2016-10-25
Rated 5 out of 5 by from HIGHLY RECOMMENDED! ☆♡☆♡☆ Our accommodation here was very good! Fantastic location, short walk to major stores ,shopping centre, fast food and restaurants. Jay the owner was super to deal with and was highly responsive to all contact and a pleasure to deal with. Accommodation for the price was really amazing. Everything we needed all rolled up in one place! Will stay here again definitely. Highly recommended!☆☆☆☆☆
Date published: 2016-10-06
Rated 3 out of 5 by from Some things were not up to standard ie. Needs new comfortable beds. Crockery chipped and odd pieces. Saucepan with broken handle. Chopping board far too small Broken cord on bedroom blind and don't close well for privacy. Missing fan controller knob in bedroom. Great position and can't fault tidy and cleanliness. If these things are addressed it would be a great place to stay. The owners Jay very friendly.
Date published: 2016-06-22
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Stay before 10 Jan 2018 for 5% off

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Note: Pricing is subject to change, and a minimum stay period and other conditions may apply. You should confirm pricing with the property owner. Bookings paid through the Stayz online booking system incur a 2% Service Fee.

Prices listed based on 4 adults. Property has 3 beds and can sleep a maximum 5 people.

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1. Australia
  2. QLD
  3. Cassowary Coast
  4. Mission Beach
  5. #73427

Mission Belle - Stunning Beachfront House

House, Mission Beach

Rated 5 out of 5 stars 14 reviews

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From $275 per night {{quote.pricing.message}} Total {{quote.pricing.price | format:'currency':'short'}} for

Min 2 - 5 nights stay

8 guests
3 bedrooms
4 beds
2 bathrooms

Superbly positioned on the best beach in North Queensland . Stylish beach house set at the edge of the turquoise waters of the Coral Sea. This fantastic 3 Bedroom comprising of 3 King size beds or 1 King size and 4 Singles plus seperate sleeping area with double pull down wall bed, 2 bathrooms is perfect for families or couples alike. Featuring privacy with a fusion of indoor and outdoor living, includes an alfresco entertainment area, over looking beach and Dunk Island.

Located just 20 meters from the Village Green and all it has to offer. With shops, cafes, galleries, local markets and restaurants, all at your doorstep. Absolute waterfront living, where you drift off to sleep with the soft sound of lapping waves. No need for a car here however has ample off street parking for car and boat. Mission Belle is a perfect tropical escape giving guests the choice of all the towns amenities or doing your own thing in a fully appointed stylish home away from home.

Comfortably accommodating up to 8people in an area offering a wide variety of activities to entertain everybody.

Bed Configuration

Master bedroom: 1 Kingsize bed no chance to split into 2 singles

2nd bedroom: 1 King size bed or 2 long singles

3rd bedroom: 2 long singles or one King size bed

Separate sleeping area with double pull down bed

Porta-cot no linen provided and High-chair available.

please notify shortOZstay at least one week prior arrival the bedding preference if different from default ones

Air Conditioning

All bedrooms with both split system and ceiling fans.

Living room and kitchen area with ceiling fans

2 Car Spaces

Superbly positioned on the best beach in North Queensland.

Features covered by Stayz Rental Assurance

Air conditioning, Dishwasher, Parking, Washing machine, Wheelchair accessible

Air conditioning Balcony Ceiling fan Child's high chair Children welcome Coffee maker Cot Dining Dishwasher Hair dryer Kitchen Lawn/Garden Linens provided Living room Microwave Non-Smoking Outdoor grill Parking Pets allowed Satellite/Cable Television Washing machine Wheelchair accessible
Mission Belle - Stunning Beachfront House is rated 4.9 out of 5 by 14.
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Rated 5 out of 5 by from Perfect holiday house What a perfect location at Mission Beach. The house was immaculately clean - crisp sheets, beautiful furniture, so comfortable and everything provided for a weekend getaway. Great bars and cafes within walking distance - and the uninterrupted view of Dunk Island - just stunning! We'll be back and I'll be recommending to friends and family!!
Date published: 2016-03-13
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Just loved it Beautiful house with plenty of space. It was clean and modern and had all the little Nic knacks that made it feel homely. The beach was straight outside the patio and the stinger net was a short walk. Just around the corner (and I mean just) was a small group of shops, cafes and pubs. We took our dogs and they had a ball, walking on the beach and swimming with us in the sea. The house had everything you would need but if we were to go again in summer we would probably take a small pedestal fan for the patio As there are no fans outside.
Date published: 2016-02-21
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Beach Bliss The best family getaway yet!! What made it truly incredible was being able to take the fur babies along. The home has everything you could possibly need. As soon as we entered the house on arrival we felt welcome and knew we'd made a great decision to holiday at Mission Belle. Relaxing, fresh and comfortable!! Mission Belle is ideally positioned right on Mission Beach and alongside the restaurant & shopping area. It's also only a 5minute drive to a LARGE Woolworths which stocks everything from potatoes to printer ink! We'll DEFINITELY be returning. Thank you.
Date published: 2016-02-12
Rated 4 out of 5 by from Lovely Beach House A very comfortable beach house in a handy location to restaurants, cafes, and shops. We loved the comfortable furniture in the house and on the front verandah. The views from the Master bedroom and living room are superb, although you are visible to people walking on the ulysses walkway in front of the house. The only disappointment for us was the noisy music coming from the Bars on Friday, Sat. & Sunday nights right behind the house and the proposed restaurant in the process of being built right next door to Mission Belle and which will shortly open from 7am til midnight 7 days a week. Unfortunately this will preclude us from staying there again.
Date published: 2015-07-22
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Stunning location, beautiful house Beautiful home in an amazing position, right on the beach, you can hear and see the waves from your bed....house is well equipped with everything you could want and wonderfully presented. Furnishings were extremely comfortable both inside and on deck. Wonderful place for both couples or families. Highly recommend it!
Date published: 2014-06-10
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({{averageRating | number:1}}) Rated 5 out of 5 stars
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text:
1. Australia
  2. SA
  3. Fleurieu Peninsula
  4. Normanville
  5. #58888

South Shores Villa 61

Resort, Normanville

Rated 4.5 out of 5 stars 20 reviews

Confirmation within 24hr

From $179 per night {{quote.pricing.message}} Total {{quote.pricing.price | format:'currency':'short'}} for

Min 2 - 3 nights stay

12 guests
4 bedrooms
8 beds
2 bathrooms

Villa 61 is positioned on the lagoon, in a fully gated, secluded community, South Shores providing a wonderful Holiday atmosphere in a resort like setting.

Villa 61 has WiFi.

It is a fully air conditioned 2 storey holiday home with open kitchen / living area, 3 bedrooms plus 4th bedroom / family room, 2.5 bathrooms, laundry, 2 outside deck areas and 2 undercover car parks all set up to provide all the comforts required to have a prefect holiday.

There are 2 solar heated pools and a private board walk to the beach for you to enjoy. You'll have full use of both swimming pools and lawn areas with BBQ and tables plus a basketball ring.

The north facing aspect of villa 61 on the lagoon ensure an all-day enjoyment of the stupendous view without the western sun in your eyes needing you to draw the blinds.

Open the bi fold doors and enjoy the sea breeze and lagoon view.

Have BBQ on the upper deck or just sit around and enjoy the truly relaxing atmosphere.

Villa 61 south shores can easily accommodate 3 families, sleeping up to 12 people. The bedding configuration has been arranged to allow for 2 bedrooms with queen bed and 2 family type rooms. One with a double sofa bed plus 2 sets of bunks and the other family room with 2 queen futons. Porta cot, and high chair available.

Family room containing 2 queen futons has a 42’ flat screen TV and ping pong table, an absolute success with the teenagers and provides hours of family fun.

The 3rd bunk bedroom has bi-fold door that open up onto a private deck overlooking the lagoon.

The kitchen is modern and well equipped you won’t want for anything.

Villa 61 has brand new modern furniture with a funky orange and green theme - Come and enjoy your stay

Features covered by Stayz Rental Assurance

Air conditioning, Dishwasher, Parking, Washing machine

Air conditioning Balcony Ceiling fan Child's high chair Clothes dryer Communal pool Deck/Patio Dishes and utensils Dishwasher DVD player Games Games room Heating Internet access Iron and board Kitchen Microwave Non-Smoking Outdoor grill Oven Parking Refrigerator Stereo Stove Television Toaster Washing machine
South Shores Villa 61 is rated 4.5 out of 5 by 20.
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Rated 3 out of 5 by from Nice place Nice place just a few things that wernt great including dirty dishes in the cupboards, only dregs of hand soap, no cleaning products or paper towel or tissues and the outside table was covered in bird poo and dead bugs so not very inviting.
Date published: 2017-04-11
Rated 4 out of 5 by from Great place to stay Great place to stay with a bunch of friends or family as it has heaps of beds and becomes great value for money! Clean and tidy with great amenities, had no trouble organising the stay and all went smoothly. Only thing i can suggest to improve is invest in some more ping pong paddles they were a bit worse for wear haha.
Date published: 2017-02-11
Rated 4 out of 5 by from Great property Had a great time, great ammenities and geat location
Date published: 2017-01-10
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Wow! This place is amazing! Thank you for letting us stay at Villa 61, what a beautiful place. It was huge, so much room for all of us to enjoy. The views were amazing and the Villa was too. We loved the open plan living and the doors that opened onto the balcony. The kids lived at the pool and beach and we loved going for a stroll through the town. We all had a very beautiful Christmas and Villa 61 will bring back special memories, thank you x
Date published: 2016-12-28
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Excellent for a number of people We had a really relaxed week and being able to sit outside for meals etc. Excellent setting with the water.
Date published: 2016-11-12
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Last minute deal

Stay before 27 Dec 2017 for 10% off

Special offer

Pay 2 nights and get 3rd night free in May, June, July, August, September, and October. Excludes longweek ends and school holidays.

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From To Sun to Thurs ($ p/n avg.) Fri & Sat night 7 night stay Min night stay Extra adult ($ p/n) Extra child ($ p/n)
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{{tariff.weekdayMinimumRate | format:'currency':'short'}} - {{tariff.weekendRate | format:'currency':'short'}} - {{tariff.weeklyRate | format:'currency':'short'}} - {{tariff.minNights}} {{tariff.extraAdultCost | format:'currency':'short'}} - {{tariff.extraChildCost | format:'currency':'short'}} -

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{{extra.name}} {{extra.valueInCents /100 | format:'currency':'short'}} p/n p/p p/np p/s Yes No

p/n = per night, p/s = per stay, p/p = per person, p/np = per night and person. Ask the owner to arrange optional extras

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Prices listed based on 8 adults. Property has 8 beds and can sleep a maximum 12 people.

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Match Reports

Match Report : 19/09/2015

19 September 2015

Stevenage’s recent run of form came to an abrupt halt with a 3-2 defeat at Barnet this afternoon.

Twice ahead through Fraser Franks and Tom Hitchcock, Boro were looking comfortable but twice the Bees equalised before going ahead late on through sub Michael Gash.

Teddy Sheringham made two changes from the side that drew the previous weekend with Jerome Okimo coming in for the injured Connor Ogilvie (hamstring) and Steven Schumacher returning from injury to replace Jack Jebb, who dropped to the bench.

The first chance fell to Boro on six minutes after good early pressure from the visitors. An Okimo cross was flicked on by Lee and met by Chris Whelpdale, but his header was straight at debutant Max Crocombe.

A minute later a poor kick from the Oxford loanee – his third in a matter of minutes – saw Lee collect possession and try his luck from distance but his shot sailed wide.

Sam Togwell saw his delivery from a free-kick sail harmlessly wide before Boro broke the deadlock before the 10 minute mark from a corner won by Chris Whelpdale. Steve Schumacher drifted the ball in, Lee headed back across goal and Fraser Franks was there to head home to send the Boro fans wild at the opposite end.

Togwell again tried his luck from 25 yards with no success and it capped a good opening 20 minutes for Stevenage, who were happy to keep possession and press the Barnet backline, whilst frustrating the hosts’ attacking momentum.

With 25 minutes on the clock Boro temporarily found themselves down to nine men with Jerome Okimo receiving treatment for a facial wound and Dean Wells also off the field of play changing his boots. Jesse Joronen put the ball out to allow both to return, but Barnet kept possession and flooded forward, with the giant Finn having to be sharp to save down low from Curtis Weston.

It sparked the hosts into life for the next few minutes and Joronen was again there to mop up after Hughes tackled Hughes with an excellent last-ditch challenge inside the box, with former Boro man Bira Dembele then firing straight at Joronen on the half hour.

Soon Boro were back on the attack, with Lee flashing a cross right across the face of goal with Hitchcock instead waiting on the penalty spot for a cut-back.

10 minutes before the break Crocombe came out brilliantly to save at the feet of Whelpdale after the winger won possession on the flank, exchanged passes with Lee and burst into the box at speed.

Sam Togwell again blazed high and wide for a third time on 37 minutes and Boro pushed forward in the closing moments of the half, but had to settle for a one goal lead at the break.

A Barnet corner within a minute of the restart saw Whelpdale nearly head into his own net but it wasn’t long before Martin Allen’s men drew level.  This time Dembele was there to hold up in the box and N'Gala slotted home from close range.

However parity lasted less than 90 seconds as Boro promptly went back up the other end and restored their lead. In similar vein to the opening goal, Schumacher swung in a delivery, Lee flicked on and there was Hitchcock to head into the back of the net.

The game tooed and froed until just past the hour when Barnet again struck back. Akinde broke forward and held off Hughes, before spreading the ball out to McLean who steadied himself and fired low into the bottom corner for 2-2.

A minute later it should have been 3-2 when the ball fell for Akinde inside the box but the big striker blazed over.

The Bees were then mightily lucky to keep 11 men on the field when last man Elliott Johnson took Hitchcock out when clear on goal on the counter. Referee Adcock opted to show the defender just a yellow, much to the dismay of the travelling fans and Boro bench. Schumacher took aim from 30 yards but fired the resulting free-kick just over.

Dipo Akinyemi replaced a tiring Hitchcock for the final 18 minutes however however four minutes later Barnet took the lead for the first time in the game – and in rather simple fashion. Akinde again found space behind Wells and the big front man patiently waited just outside the box before slotting the ball across for Gash to tap home at the far post.

3-2 nearly became 4-2 moments later when a recycled Bees corner saw Gash cross for a thumping Dembele header, only for Joronen to produce the save of the game and tip over.

Sub Dean Parrett forced Crocombe into a low save from the edge of the area with seven minutes remaining and when six minutes of added time was signalled Boro pushed forward in earnest.

A Parrett free-kick caused chaos in a half-chance and then Akinyemi created a golden chance to equalise but fired wide after latching onto a Williams flick and rounding two defenders.

After a poor first half a revitalised Barnet, led well at the back by Man of the Match Dembele, will be delighted to earn all three points. Stevenage, meanwhile, are left to figure out how they lost that game and learn lessons quickly ahead of next weekend’s trip to Cambridge United.

Barnet: Crocombe, Hoyte, Johnson, Dembele, N’Gala, Yiadom, Weston, Togwell (Gash 56), Vilhete (Gambin 53), Akinde (Nelson 89), McLean

Subs not used: McKenzie-Lyle, Muggleton, Shomotun, Stevens

Stevenage: Joronen, Franks, Wells, Hughes, Okimo, Schumacher, Smith (Parrett 60), Whelpdale, Lee (Williams 80), Pett, Hitchcock (Akinyemi 72)

Subs not used: Day, McCombe, Jebb, Henry

Referee: James Adcock

Attendance: 2,480 (681 away)

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June 2014 marks 50 years of service to North Stradbroke Island!

Stradbroke Ferries Pty Ltd has been providing vehicle and passenger services to North Stradbroke Island since June 1964, when the Company’s founding Directors identified the need for a regular vehicle transport service to the island, and in particular to service the mining industry.

The company originally operated one vehicle ferry, the Myora from Redland Bay to Dunwich on Stradbroke Island, however in 1972 the operations moved to Cleveland after the company completed extensive work on the present facilities at Toondah Harbour.

In 1987 Stradbroke Ferries commenced their vehicle ferry operations to the Southern Moreton Bay Islands, which serviced the islands of Russell, Macleay, Karragarra and Lamb.

Tourism on Straddie first started to advance in the 1980s and the company identified the need to review its vessel configuration to ensure that it also catered for the growing tourism market. Just to name a few, this included the introduction of the Stradbroke Venture in 1987 along with the company’s first water taxi, the Spirit of Stradbroke. The Quandamooka commenced operations in 1994 and was upgraded in 1998 to provide on board café facilities for customers. In 2004 the Minjerribah joined the Cleveland fleet and this provided the company with the two largest vessels to operate in Moreton Bay.

In December 2011, Stradbroke Ferries was purchased by Transit Systems, a family owned Australian company. The company developed a single brand for the entire fleet operating to North Stradbroke Island, including the Big Red Cat and water taxi.

In November 2015, Stradbroke Ferries was purchased by SeaLink Travel Group, which is the largest marine tourism and transport company in Australia. The Moggill Ferry service, BITS (Bay Islands Transit) and Gladstone Ferries marine operation was also included in the acquisition of the Transit Systems marine business.

Today the company operates eight vehicle ferries and a 130 seat water taxi seven days a week, 365 days a year within Moreton Bay; this incorporates the five islands of North Stradbroke, Russell, Lamb, Macleay and Karragarra.


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by emermc Leaving Cert Art — 25/11/16 3

I'm selling my old art history notes I got an A1 in the LC last year. Notes include Renaissance, Impressionism, Pre Christian Ireland and Early Christian Ireland. I also have sample answers in all topics, a folder full of handouts, and a less stress more success book that I'll give as well because I've no use for it anymore lol. If you're interested email me vanstandenjade76@gmail.com

Hannahkt — 26/09/16
Are these still for sale?
chlojoanne — 04/10/16
how much are these still for sale
ecot0000 — 25/11/16
Are the art history notes still for sale?
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r_mead med term

chaapter 11 key terms

blephar/o eyelid
`-cusis hearing
dacryocyst/o lacrimal sac (tear sac)
irid/o iris ( colored part of the eye)
kerat/o hard
-metry to measure
ophthalm/o eye
-opia vision condition
ot/o ear
presby/o old age
pseud/o false
retin/o retina net
scler/o scera white of the eye
trop/o turn change
tympan/o ear drum
Created by: robby mead


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Special senses

Special Senses

belphar/o eyelid
-cusis hearing
dacryocyst/o tear sac
irid/o iris (colored portion of eye)
kerat/o cornea; hard, horny tissue
-metry process of measuring
ophthalm/o eye
-opia vision condition
ot/o ear
presby/o old age
pseud/o fasle
rethin/o retina
scler/o sclera (white of eye)
trop/o turn, reaction, change
tympan/o tympanic memebrane (ear drum); middle ear
Created by: labryae


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Sunset Art Gallery

Sunset Art Gallery has been in operation for 26 years focusing on the folkart of William Roach who specializes in woodcarving and paintings created on site in the studio across from the gallery. The gallery expanded to include and showcase 15 Cape Breton artists. Over the years Sunset Art Gallery has become well known for its unique  works and many “One of a Kind” pieces. In addition the gallery also carries a gift line in its gift shop which is all local crafts of Cape Breton.

While visiting the gallery, you can enjoy the many unique delicious treats and soak in the cozy atmosphere of the Frog Pond Café. Specializing in pastries and coffees. The only fresh bakery of its kind in the area. The gallery has been visited by many delegates, celebrities and has been a popular destination for tourists traveling Cape Breton for years.

Book - William D. Rach
Book featuring works by acclaimed folk artist William D. Roach.
Learn more and order your copy…
Hours of Operation:
Sunset Art Gallery
May 15th to October 20th – 9am to 5:30pm – 7 days a week

Frog Pond Café

  • May 28 to October, 7 days a week – 9am to 5:30 PM.