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Review: Dinosaurs

There is no shortage of dinosaur books for children, and this is reflected by Tom Holtz’s admonition on the inside flap that “the world doesn’t need another A-to-Z list of dinosaurs.” Typically, dinosaur books are organized by name, vague groupings of creatures, or by time period, rather than any evolutionary or biological theme. Many of these volumes have passable to excellent art, but are light on scientific content, and more informative books are generally inappropriate for children. What, then, does this new book offer over other popular dinosaur books?

The major strength of Dinosaurs is that Holtz has done an excellent job explaining dinosaur science as a process; that is, how paleontologists understand the biology of dinosaurs through inferences from the fossil record. There are four basic sections of the book: basic principles of dinosaur science; the relationships and major groups of dinosaurs; the evolution of Mesozoic faunas through time; and dinosaur paleobiology; and each is infused with explanations of how science is done. Complex topics are clearly explained in a way that both children and adults will understand. Particularly impressive is that Holtz spends an entire chapter explaining the principles of cladistics, the method by which scientists reconstruct the evolutionary relationships of organisms. Although cladistics is fundamental to modern organismal biology, few popular books (and perhaps no children’s books) tackle the subject in any detail, and Holtz should be applauded for taking the plunge. This explanation is also practical for the reader, because Holtz often refers to cladistics in other sections of the book when explaining the relationships of dinosaurs and how scientists make conclusions about dinosaur paleobiology.

Another advantage of this book over others is the inclusion of sidebars written by a variety of dinosaur experts. These short articles cover topics that are not directly discussed in the main text, including dinosaur growth, diseases, and feeding. Not only do these sidebars broaden the topics discussed in the book, but also they introduce a diversity of opinions and information that wouldn’t be possible with a single author. The quality of these contributions varies (some are more informative than others), but they are superb overall and put the book on a level above most other children’s dinosaur books.

Dinosaurs may not be the first book that I’d reach for to teach children about evolution, but it does an excellent job integrating the principles of evolution and natural selection into the discussion of dinosaur topics. Evolution is used to explain how we know the relationships of dinosaurs, provide hypotheses about dinosaur behavior, and explain why different growth strategies might be beneficial. Holtz’s introductory chapter on evolution is short, but it effectively communicates the basic principles of natural selection and concepts like the evolutionary tree of life.

This is one of the best popular dinosaur books I’ve read. Although focused for children, it will also be informative for students and adults. The book is packed with up-to-date and clearly explained information, and the author maintains a website for future updates ( Given the information content, clear explanations, full-color semi-glossy printing, and hardback binding, this book is an excellent value at the list price of $34.99.

About the Author(s):
Randall B Irmis
Museum of Paleontology
1101 Valley Life Sciences Building
University of California
Berkeley CA 94720-4780

Randall B Irmis is a PhD candidate in the Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley.

Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages
Randall B Irmis
This version might differ slightly from the print publication.
Thomas R Holtz Jr
illustrated by Luis V Rey
New York: Random House, 2007. 428 pages


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The Corporate Partner programs offers numerous ways for your organization to support the Aquarium while enjoying great benefits, visibility and much more!

Corporate Sponsorship

Corporate Sponsorships provide an exciting opportunity for your company to become involved with the Aquarium. As the only Boston-based cultural organization whose mission focuses primarily on the environment, the Aquarium offers one of the most targeted sponsorship programs of any cultural institution and includes a wide variety of sponsorship options. Whether your goal is strategic philanthropy or marketing and brand recognition, we can create a customized program that is aligned with the goals of your organization.

A benefit of corporate sponsorship is unsurpassed visibility and recognition with millions of visitors—Aquarium supporters and guests to Boston's waterfront every year. In addition, enjoy opportunities to support unique education experiences for disadvantaged youths, demonstrate your institution's commitment to the environment by funding core mission programs such as the Right Whale Research Project, gain permanent recognition at the Aquarium by backing a specific exhibit or program, target educated and high income demographics through strategic advertising partnerships and treat your employees, customers and clients to special events with discounted venue rentals at any of our spectacular waterfront venues.

To learn more about any of these programs please contact Katherine Copeland in Corporate Relations, at 617-742-6029 or

More Information

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International student enrollment reaches record high at the University of Nebraska
International student enrollment at the University of Nebraska has reached a record high of 3,018 for fall 2010, according to a report presented today to the Board of Regents.

This year’s figure is an 8.7 percent increase over fall 2009. NU’s international students come from 136 different countries, the most popular being China, India and Japan.

“The University of Nebraska’s success in attracting more international students to our campuses is excellent news for our students, our communities and for Nebraska,” NU President James B. Milliken said. “In today’s global economy, students need to interact with and learn from people from many different cultures in order to be competitive. A robust international community is one way we can enrich our students’ education – and our state.”

Besides adding diversity to the university and state, international students also have a significant economic impact on Nebraska. According to the Institute of International Education , international students in Nebraska spent more than $88 million in 2008-2009. Because nonresident tuition rates are higher than resident tuition rates, international students also generate additional tuition revenue that helps NU maintain its affordability.

Milliken pointed out that global engagement is one of the priorities of the University of Nebraska Foundation’s Campaign for Nebraska . Last fall, Milliken announced goals to double the number of international students at NU by 2019, and also to provide every undergraduate an opportunity to study abroad.

“The university also is actively exploring new opportunities for international student exchanges, faculty collaborations and research partnerships that could leverage our strengths in agriculture, water, energy, medicine, early childhood education and other areas,” Milliken said.

The university’s global strategy – along with growing success among students and faculty in research and global scholarship programs – is helping to build NU’s international stature, said Tom Farrell, associate vice president for international affairs. Farrell was hired in 2009 to lead NU’s global initiatives.

“Knowledge does not stop at Nebraska’s borders,” Farrell said. “In today’s increasingly interconnected world, we are in a unique position to work together to find solutions to global challenges such as hunger, poverty and disease. Solving these challenges will require putting the world’s best minds to work, and the University of Nebraska intends to play an important role.”

Milliken has been appointed to a new American Council on Education (ACE) Blue Ribbon Panel on Global Engagement, which meets for the first time Oct. 22. The panel includes 19 prominent education and international affairs leaders who are charged with setting a new global agenda for U.S. universities. Milliken also recently participated in the U.S.-Brazil Innovation Summit as a panelist to discuss NU’s global Water for Food Institute and leadership in energy research.

A 10-year history of international student enrollment at the University of Nebraska follows:
2001: 2,425
2002: 2,572
2003: 2,387
2004: 2,437
2005: 2,390
2006: 2,372
2007: 2,522
2008: 2,720
2009: 2,776
2010: 3,018

Contact: Melissa Lee
(402) 472-7127
(402) 580-3297 (cell)
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

University of Nebraska
3835 Holdrege Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583 | 402.472.2111 | Comments?
©2015 University of Nebraska Board of Regents


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Alpharetta resident dies after fall from upper deck at Atlanta Braves game
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FOOTBALL PREVIEW: Tough region battles facing area teams
by Greg Oshust
August 23, 2013 03:48 PM | 1844 views | 0 0 comments | 9 9 recommendations | email to a friend | print
Staff / Samantha M. Shal<br>
Jake Forte will try to help Westminster contend in Region 6AA.
Staff / Samantha M. Shal
Jake Forte will try to help Westminster contend in Region 6AA.
The area’s teams face their usual tough challenges as they look forward to region play in the 2013 season.

Riverwood has one of the biggest hurdles to overcome as it tries to contend for a state playoff berth in Region 7AAAAA.

The Raiders compete in Subregion B, which features state powerhouse Kell as well as a formidable Pope team which has made it to the postseason the last three years in a row.

Sprayberry and Osborne are the other teams in the Raiders’ subregion.

“The main challenge is not being able to sleep at night after reading that region schedule,” quipped Riverwood coach Robert Ingram. “We’re playing some big-time talent. Kell has been to the state playoffs. Pope is also a state playoff team — their coach does a great job and they’re so big and strong. Sprayberry, they’re very well coached and they have a lot of speed every year. It’s going to be tough from the beginning of that schedule to the end.”

North Springs will also navigate its way through the competitive gauntlet of 7AAAA as it begins its rebuilding process under new coach Steve Horton after three straight 0-10 seasons.

The Spartans play in a Subregion A that includes Creekview, Sequoyah, Northview, Forsyth Central and Cambridge.

North Atlanta has it especially tough in 6AAAAA, where the young and inexperienced Warriors will have to face the likes of state powerhouses M.L. King, Tucker, Stephenson and Southwest DeKalb.

Other teams in the region are Miller Grove, Mays, Arabia Mountain, Dunwoody, Lakeside and Clarkston.

“We’re in such a tough region,” North Atlanta coach Doug Britten said. “But I think once we get through [the region schedule] and our young kids step up to the challenge, they will be better on the field — no matter what the record shows.”

Marist will try to repeat as 6AAAA champions as last year’s Class AAAA state semifinalists will try to fight off the challenges of Chamblee, Columbia, Lithonia, Stone Mountain and Redan in Subregion A.

Challenging the War Eagles in Subregion B are Grady, Carver, Washington, Banneker, Therrell and South Atlanta.

“I think from our side of the region, Chamblee and Lithonia are the top teams,” Marist coach Alan Chadwick said. “Chamblee had a great year last year. Columbia was definitely very impressive last year. Lithonia has some quarterbacks and receivers back. On the other side of the region, Carver and Grady are still the top two teams over there.”

Defending AAA runner-up St. Pius X will once again face a stiff challenge in 6AAA from Blessed Trinity, Woodward and Cedar Grove, while Decatur is another contender for a state playoff spot. McNair, Towers and Cross Keys are the other teams in the region.

“We’ve got five pretty good teams,” St. Pius coach Paul Standard said. “One of them is not going to get in the playoffs and hopefully, it ain’t us. Do we have a chance to win the region? We do, but so do the other teams. We all have an equal chance to do that and it’s going to all depend on what kind of injuries do we have, what kind of depth can we establish as we go into the region schedule. We’re not in a very big region, but the teams that I feel like can go a long way are those teams right there [in the region].”

Lovett attempts to repeat as 6AA champions as it fights off challenges from archrival Westminster and Greater Atlanta Christian, with Wesleyan and Hapeville also competing in the five-team league.

Region 6AA features a couple of teams that made deep runs in the AA state playoffs last year, with Lovett — which went undefeated in region play at 4-0 — advancing to the quarterfinals and GAC to the semifinals.

“The region we’re playing in is as tough a region as there is in the state,” Lovett coach Mike Muschamp said. “Westminster is good team and [coach] Gerry Romberg has done a great job over there. Wesleyan is a good team. You are really talking about some well-established programs that are well coached and the kids play hard. So if you get through that region and you do well, you’re prepared for the playoffs.”

Romberg also expects a tough challenge in 6AA as his Westminster squad looks to challenge archrival and defending champion Lovett for the title.

“It’s an extremely competitive region,” he said. “First and foremost, there’s tremendous coaching in this region. Only four teams can make the playoffs and we have five teams who are capable of making the playoffs. So you don’t have much margin for error.”

Holy Innocents’ is expected once again to be in the thick of the race in 5A, along with defending champion Eagle’s Landing Christian and Landmark Christian.

It will be a tough challenge for the Golden Bears as they go up against an ELCA team that advanced to the Class A semifinals last year and a Landmark squad that made it to the quarterfinals.

“I feel like our region is one of the tougher ones around and, for us, I would say our schedule is as tough as anyone’s around,” Holy Innocents’ coach Ryan Livezey said. “Our first region game is against ELCA and our last one is against Landmark Christian and there is not many easy weeks in between.”

Pace and Mount Vernon Presbyterian will also battle for state playoff spots in 5A, along with Our Lady of Mercy and Strong Rock Christian.

Holy Spirit Prep will try to earn a third consecutive playoff spot in the Glory For Christ league, which features a mix of small Christian schools and teams comprised of home-schooled players.

The Cougars are joined in the West division by North Georgia, Freedom Academy, Grace Christian, Johnson Ferry and Crown, while the East division features defending GFC champion East Atlanta, runner-up Anderson, Augusta Prep, the Augusta Eagles, the Georgia Force and Skipstone Academy.

“The biggest challenge for us is that we’re playing so many of the teams on the Eastern half of the league, which has been pretty strong since its inception,” Holy Spirit Prep coach Andre Taylor said. “Those are going to be some challenging games for our kids.”
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In which Hank discusses why life is so terrifying, and why that's OK.

Oh, and also, we're playing Carnegie Hall:

So Charlie made this video
Which prompted these people to make these videos:
Michael Aranda

Which prompted me to make this video

And then the comments on that video made me want to make the video above.

This is especially weird because this is very similar to a video I made on HanksChannel, though spruced up for Vlogbrothers. But the real point I want to make is that making things is terrifying, and making our selves is the most terrifying creation of all, and we have to do it every single time we meet new people, which is why that's scary. But it's OK for it to be scary, because that's how you know something's worthwhile.

Also, the other point is...we're all scared. I proved it...

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Daft Punk’d

It was only a matter of time before Daft Punk scored the sequel to a 1982 sci-fi flick about computer hacking, video games, and futuristic robot suits. So the stars have aligned and Daft Punk is working on the Tron Legacy soundtrack, their first extended effort on new material since 2005’s Human After All.

In the past month, there has been a lot of blog noise and about six or so leaked tracks that apparently came from the French duo’s new project. Although Pitchfork and Spin have paid close attention to the tracks, I’m pretty certain that no one knows exactly which Daft Punk is the real Daft Punk (it could be anyone under those helmets). As a side note: I hope this Daft Punk-Tron alliance will do for Robot Helmets what Nelly did for Grillz.

In addition to the six leaked tracks, there is an official stream of meager bytes of Daft Punk’s score on the Tron website. While the leaked songs are reminiscent of Homework-era stylings –scathing synths and danceable bit crushing that make you want to go clubbing in space –the official samples are much more ominously instrumental and thus stylistically atypical. But in either case, the music stands on its own as nothing short of epic. Both Becca and I agreed that no matter what they release, “It’s fu*king Daft Punk!”

There has also been some ambiguity about whether or not the electronic duo will have a cameo in the movie. They just appeared in a Star Wars reenactment for an Adidas commercial this June, so maybe they are jarring their way into the world of sci fi film. But even if they don’t make an appearance in the movie, I have high hopes that they will ask Jeff Bridges to don his 1982 Tron costume and tour with them after the movie’s release.

Although vagueness and uncertainty are words consistently used in reference to the release of the soundtrack and the authenticity of the leaks, I am 100%  sure of one thing: Daft Punk can do no wrong. So rumors and buzz aside, Daft Punk was born (only a couple of years before the original Tron movie) to score this movie.

  1. Teaflax says:

    This was almost as awful as I was fearing. While this may not be quite as lazy and lame as most everything else they’ve done, as usual it manages to be stiff without getting any kind of locked groove going at all. This is probably going to make the movie unwatchable. I’d have preferred a band with actual musical ideas like Squarepusher, Orbital, FSOL, To Rococo Rot, Überzone or even The Crystal Method (overused though they may be on movie soundtracks).

  2. Update: Album will be released on November 22nd. Thanks for reading!

  3. Zach says:

    Never mind. I just saw Brian’s post.

  4. Livius says:

    ^What Brian said is what I heard a while ago.
    Someone told me they were “MP3 files” or something in the Tron world. Or it could have all been a dream…

    As for the track, I love it. Looking forward to more new Daft Punk.

  5. Brian says:

    Um, pretty sure there’s no question that the 6 tracks are real. They were from the official site. Or do you think Disney put up fakes by accident?
    I’d heard it’s a lock that they’re in the movie playing DJs in a club scene in the Tron world. Not sure if these are the actual costumes or not:


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Interview: Stan Sakai on 30 Years of USAGI YOJIMBO

Interview: Stan Sakai on 30 Years of USAGI YOJIMBO

This week sees the release of Usagi Yojimbo: Senso, a new mini from the samurai rabbit’s creator Stan Sakai. The book, whose title means “war” in Japanese, jumps 20 years ahead in the life of the feudal-era samurai Miyamoto Usagi, not only dropping him into the middle of alien invaders and new intrigues, but offering Sakai the chance to look at some of the characters in Usagi’s life and where they might be two decades down the line.

“It’s something that’s been brewing in the back of my mind for 15 years,” Sakai told me during a chat at San Diego Comic-Con. “Basically, it’s H.G. Wells’ War of the Worlds. What if the martians had sent a few scout ships to feudal Japan 200 years before Wells’ chronicle in War of the Worlds?

Senso is a departure for the usually meticulously detailed and realistic Usagi Yojimbo, which has been in off and on publication for 30 years now. His furry animal homage to the legendary samurai and historical figure Miyamoto Musashi got his start in a handful of anthology appearances, before drifting into more regular appearances at publishers like Fantagraphics, Mirage, and lately, Dark Horse, the book’s latest home.

Given the character’s anniversary, Dark Horse isn’t missing a chance to celebrate it, and has planned a September release of the first volume in an omnibus collection of Usagi, which collects the first three books of the Dark Horse trades (previous volumes have been collected at Fantagraphics).

That jump into the future in Senso allowed Sakai to play out some story elements to the some of the hypothetical conclusions that have been teased over the years. Sakai describes Usagi at this point as “much older, and more mature,” following through on some of the events in Usagi’s present including how he’ll deal with the son who doesn’t know Usagi is his father, and how things have changed in his relationship to Gen the rhino.

The writer and artist says that the book actually kicks off with the end of a great war, and Usagi finally siding with the Geishu clan before the whole things gets packed with Martian tripods and ninja vs. aliens action. “We’ve got samurai in full battle armor, we’ve got horses, and we’ve got the final battle when suddenly, Martians attack,” he teases.

Sakai says that it took him 10 years to find the time to start developing Senso, which makes actually stands to reason given how much meticulous planning goes into the book (at one point, he told me a particular arc involved over five years of research).

Sakai, who is third-generation Japanese-American, was drawn to some of the class and traditional structures that stretched all the way from the past into the last century of Japan. He talks about his father, who was stationed in Japan during World War II meeting his mother and how her father didn’t approve of a potential union – not because Sakai’s father was born in Hawaii, but because he might be perceived as lower caste. “My mom was samurai [class] in the 1940s, so they still had that class stigma. So for me, it’s part of my heritage. And I just find that period of Japanese history interesting.”

He was also a kid who grew up with the samurai movies of the 50s and 60s, with the works of filmmakers like Kurosawa or Inagaki’s Samurai Trilogy presenting a de-mythologized version of the samurai which nonetheless remained the heroic ideal, ultimately informing the occasionally scruffy but always noble Usagi. Sakai says that by contrast, today’s films are more cynical.

I asked what keeps him coming back to his character and Sakai says it’s precisely the fact that he owns Usagi that makes the ronin rabbit hard to put down. In deals with publishers, Sakai has insured that whatever he submits gets published and that the first time editors see the work, it’s finished. “I have the perfect relationship with all of my publishers in that they always leave me alone.”

Sakai says that this kind of creative freedom allows him to take the character and the book in unexpected directions. He describes his personal favorite issue, the final issue in a long-running storyline involving the Japanese tea ceremony, a story that might not get past an editor looking for a more traditional narrative structure: “It [had] no action, no violence or anything – it was just a relationship piece between two people – Usagi and Tomoe.”

However, his favorite arc would be Book 12, “Grasscutter,” the Eisner-winning story which follows Usagi as his path crosses with the titular legendary sword. “I took about five years to research that story, which follows the creation of the Japanese islands and the path of the Japanese sword Grasscutter through history.” That book not only racked up numerous awards, but has been used as an educational text in Japanese schools.

If you’re really looking to dive into the book, Sakai advises you to check out Book 2, which is a sort of origin story for Usagi, showing how he learns to use a sword and where some of the character’s motivations start to come together. In the meantime, the first issue of Senso is out this week and the first hardcover collection will be available in September from Dark Horse.


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Terry Collins’ Low Profile, Proven Track Record Is Perfect Fit for Sandy Alderson’s Mets

Terry Collins' Low Profile, Proven Track Record Is Perfect Fit for Sandy Alderson's Mets Terry Collins may not be the big name that many baseball fans envisioned as the next manager of the New York Mets — but he may just be the perfect man for the job.

Mets general manager Sandy Alderson brought innovation to the chain of command in baseball when he was in Oakland, and he will implement the same strict policy in New York.

In Alderson's system, the manager follows the orders and guidelines of the higher-ups, with little wiggle room for on-field decisions. The manager should not be responsible for the X's and O's — he should be in charge of managing the personalities in the dugout.

With Collins, the Mets now have a manager with a proven track record. After 13 years of managing and coaching in the minor leagues, Collins managed the Houston Astros from 1994 to 1996, posting a winning record each year. He also led the Anaheim Angels from 1997 to 1999 and, in total, has 444 wins and 434 losses as a big league skipper.

In New York, Collins will take orders from Alderson and the rest of the front office on how to approach every in-game situation. He'll make double-switches, bullpen moves and decisions on whether or not to bunt, but all of those moves will be under the guidelines of management — and all will be statistically based.

But the Mets didn't hire Collins just to be a drone. He will command respect from his players, just like any office manager would command respect from his employees. He'll take orders from corporate (Alderson), but the team's day-to-day operations are his responsibility.

If the Mets start slow in 2011 — which may happen, because even Alderson probably can't turn around the disaster he inherited in just one season — Collins likely will take heat from the New York media.

But he will learn to take it all in stride, because he's part of a bigger picture. And as long as he follows the Alderson methods, he'll be successful in Queens.

Is hiring Terry Collins as manager a good move for the Mets? Leave your thoughts below.

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Brandon Webb, John Lackey Among Pitchers Eyeing Successful Comebacks After Missing 2012 Season (Photos)

Brandon Webb, John LackeyEvery offseason, without fail, you’ll hear the phrase, “low risk, high reward,” get tossed around. Typically, the return on investment isn’t much, but with minimal consequences, some teams figure they might as well take a shot.

This year, when it comes to potential surprises, there are a few names being tossed around of pitchers who didn’t even step foot on a big league diamond in 2012. In some cases, like the case of Brandon Webb, who hasn’t pitched in the bigs since 2009, the reason is medical. In other instances, like when it comes to former Rays ace Scott Kazmir, the reasoning lies mostly in on-field production.

Oh yeah, then there is the crazy case of Ugueth Urbina, who was recently released from prison after spending almost six years behind bars. While the majors may never be in the cards for Oogie again, the 38-year-old admitted that he wants to return to baseball, so perhaps we’re in line for one of the wildest stories in recent memory.

So after seeing Webb line up for a return, Urbina express his desire to come back and Javier Vazquez, who sat out all of 2012, draw interest from major league teams, we began wondering. Which pitchers who didn’t pitch in 2012 could ultimately return to make an impact in 2013?

Click here to see the top 10 pitchers eyeing a successful major league comeback in 2013 >>

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Hugo Lloris’ Amazing Save Denies Sergio Aguero, Manchester City Goal (GIF)

Hugo LlorisManchester City’s drubbing of Tottenham Hotspur might have been worse were it not for Hugo Lloris’ heroics.

Tottenham goalkeeper Lloris made one of the best saves of the 2013-14 Premier League season Wednesday when he used his quick reflexes to prevent Sergio Aguero from scoring.

Aguero had already given Manchester City a 1-0 lead when he tried to double it with a flashing header from close range in the 21st minute, but Lloris was up to the task and made a “Save of the Season” contender.

Unfortunately for Tottenham and Lloris, Manchester City scored four second-half goals en route to a 5-1 victory at White Hart Lane.

Lloris, 27, has become one of the Premier League’s top goalkeepers since joining Tottenham from Lyon in 2012. Barring injury, the Frenchman will continue to backstop Tottenham’s chase for UEFA Champions League qualification before captaining his country’s national team at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

See Lloris’ reflex save below.

Lloris save vs. Aguero Manchester City

Have a question for Marcus Kwesi O’Mard? Send it to him via Twitter at @NESNsoccer or @mkomard, his Facebook page or NESN Soccer’s Facebook page or send it here.

GIF via Reddit

Photo via Facebook/Hugo Lloris

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Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > F > Charles-Emile Freppel

Charles-Emile Freppel

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Born at Ober-Ehnheim, Alsace, 1 June, 1827; died at Paris, 22 Dec., 1891. He was Bishop of Angers, France; and deputy from Finistère. He began his studies at a school in the little town; and at seventeen he had received his baccalaureate degree, and entered the seminary Strasburg, where he received the subdiaconate at the hands of Mgr. Roess in 1848, and was at once appointed to the chair of history. Subsequent to his ordination to the priesthood in 1849, he took a noteworthy part in the discussions of Bonnetty and Maret on the subject of traditionalism. He passed a brilliant examination which secured for him the degree of doctor at the Sorbonne, and after a competitive examination he was named chaplain of the church of Ste-Geneviève at Paris. Here he delivered a course of sermons on the "Divinity of Jesus Christ" which have since been published in book form. He conducted Advent and Lenten exercises at the Madeleine and St-Louis d' Antin, at Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, and St. Germain l' Auxerrois. His early discourses were published in 1869, in two volumes. Having been appointed to the chair of sacred eloquence at the Sorbonne, he conducted a series of scholarly studies on the Apostolic Fathers and the Christian apologists. They fill ten volumes (4th ed., Paris, 1885). In 1867 Napoleon III invited him to preach the Lenten sermons at the Tuileries, and these discourses have been published in a volume entitled "La Vie Chrétienne".

It was about this time that Renan's "Vie de Jésus" provoked such a storm of controversy. Mgr. Freppel published a reply to the work, his "Examen critique de la Vie de Jésus de M. Renan" (Paris, 1863), which was perhaps the best refutation of the theories expounded by the French free-thinker. Pius IX, who was then making preparations for the Council of the Vatican, summoned the Abbé Freppel to Rome to assist in the work of drawing up the schemata (drafts of decrees). The pope thus showed his appreciation of Freppel's learning and accomplishments, and appointed him to the Bishopric of Angers, rendered vacant by the death of Mgr. Angebault. He received the episcopal consecration at Rome, 18 April, 1870. Later there was shown a disposition to elevate him to the metropolitan See of Chambery; but he declined with the same modesty which in 1885, caused him to implore those, who, with M. Jules Ferry, desired his elevation to the dignity of the cardinalate, to discontinue their efforts on his behalf. Upon his return from Rome he proved himself, by his defense of his country, as good a patriot as at the council he had shown himself as able theologian.

In 1871, he accepted the candidature for one of the electoral divisions of Paris. He was defeated because of the ill will which the liberals had borne him since the council, at which, according to them, he had shown himself too ultramontane. In 1880, the electors of Finistere asked him to act as the representative, he was elected by a large majority to this position of trust. His first speech in the French Chamber was a vigorous protest against the expulsion of the Jesuits. For eleven years the bishop-deputy (eacute;vêque député) was the most attentively-heard orator in the Chamber, treating with equal authority the most diverse subjects, and such as would seem farthest removed from his ordinary studies. While he did not bring about the triumph of justice to the extent he desired, he defended it nobly though running violently counter to the prejudices of that assembly. He won even the esteem of his enemies, and M. Floquet was one day was able to re-echo the plaudits not only of the Chamber but of the whole of France. His "OEuvres polémiques" and his "Oratoires" have been collected in seventeen volumes (Paris, 1869-88). Almost all the great religious, political, and social questions which engaged men's minds at that time are here treated. Amongst his numerous other writings should be mentioned his work on the French Revolution (Paris, 1889), and "Bossuet et l'éloquence sacrée au XVII siècle", (Paris, 1894).

About this page

APA citation. Lalande, L. (1909). Charles-Emile Freppel. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

MLA citation. Lalande, Louis. "Charles-Emile Freppel." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. <>.

Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Joseph P. Thomas.

Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. September 1, 1909. Remy Lafort, Censor. Imprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.

Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. My email address is webmaster at Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads.

Copyright © 2012 by Kevin Knight. Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.


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Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > P > Praxeas

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An early anti-Montanist, is known to us only by Tertullian's book "Adversus Praxean". His name in the list of heresies appended to the "De Praescriptionibus" of that writer (an anonymous epitome of the lost "Syntagma" of Hippolytus) is a correction made by some ancient diorthotes for Noetus. Praxeas was an Asiatic, and was inflated with pride (says Tertullian) as a confessor of the Faith because he had been for a short time in prison. He was well received at Rome (c. 190-98) by the pope (Victor, or possibly Zephyrinus). The latter pope had decided to acknowledge the prophetic gifts of Montanus, Prisca, and Maximilla (if we may believe Tertullian). The intention had been sufficiently public to bring peace to the Churches of Asia and Phrygia — so much depended on the papal sanction; but Praxeas prevailed upon the pope to recall his letter. He came to Carthage before Tertullian had renounced the Catholic communion (c. 206-8). He taught Monarchian doctrine there, or at least doctrine which Tertullian regarded as Monarchian: "Patrem cruci fixit; Paraclitum fugavit" — "Having driven out the Paraclete [Montanus], he now crucified the Father". He was refuted, evidently by Tertullian himself, and gave an explanation or recantation in writing, which, when Tertullian wrote several years afterwards, was still in the hands of the authorities of the Carthaginian Church, the carnal", as he affects to call them. When Tertullian wrote he himself was no longer in the Church; Monarchianism had sprung up again, but he does not mention its leaders at Rome, and directs his whole argument against his old enemy Praxeas. But the arguments which he refutes are doubtless those of Epigonus and Cleomenes. There is little reason for thinking that Praxeas was a heresiarch, and less for identifying him with Noetus, or one of his disciples. He was very likely merely an adversary of the Montanists who used some quasi-Monarchian expressions when at Carthage, but afterwards them when he saw they might be misunderstood. On the identification by Hageman of Praxeas with Callistus, see MONARCHIANS.

About this page

APA citation. Chapman, J. (1911). Praxeas. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

MLA citation. Chapman, John. "Praxeas." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. <>.

Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Michael C. Tinkler.

Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. June 1, 1911. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.

Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. My email address is webmaster at Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads.

Copyright © 2012 by Kevin Knight. Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.


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Leggett, Guntharp to wed Sept. 4

Ed and Brenda Leggett of New Albany, Mississippi announce the engagement of their daughter, Haley Elizabeth Leggett to Richard Harvey Guntharp of Fulton, Mississippi, son of Rick and Brenda Guntharp of Fulton, Mississippi.

The bride-elect is the granddaughter of Lamar and Barbara Leggett of Greenwood, Mississippi and Louise Tullos of New Albany and the late Walter A.  (Grady) Tullos of Winona, Mississippi.

Haley is a 2007 graduate of New Albany High School.  She was a member of The Pride of New Albany Marching Band, Future Business Leaders of America and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes.  She attended Itawamba Community College.  She was a member of the Itawamba Community College Marching Band, Baptist Student Union and served as a resident assistant.  Haley is currently employed at McAlister’s Deli in New Albany, Mississippi.

The prospective groom is the grandson of Mr. and Mrs. Victor Guntharp of Fulton, Mississippi and Mrs. Charlotte Lovelady King of Oxford and the late Robert C. King.  Harvey is a 2005 graduate of Itawamba Agricultural High School.  He received his Eagle Scout.  He attended Itawamba Community College and received an Associate of Applied Science in Drafting and Design.  Harvey is currently employed as  Cad Tech at Cook Coggin Engineering, Inc. in Tupelo, Mississippi.

 The couple will exchange vows on September 4, 2010, at Hillcrest Baptist Church in New Albany, Mississippi at 3:00 pm.  A reception will follow at The Magnolia Civic Center in New Albany.  All friends and family are invited to attend.


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Posts categorized "Ableton Live" Feed

Mindmap - What's New in Ableton Live 9.2

Live 9.2 is in beta. I put together a mindmap of what’s new to go along with past mindmaps.

Here is an embedded version of the map.

Mind Maps

Art + Music + Technology Podcast 056: Brian Funk (AfroDJMac)

Photo Nov 30, 3 18 01 PM

Darwin Grosse's latest podcat is up - this time with my Brian Funk (aka AfroDJMac). Listen here

Brian is known for his prolific work to create amazing racks for Ableton Live. I collaborated with Brian on  the Ableton Rack #40: Zebra Attack and Ableton Rack #40: Zebra Attack II so I was super excited to introduce him to Darwin Grosse so we could all get a behind-the-scenses look into Brian's work.

My friend Mark Mosher doesn't get adamant too often, but when he does, I have to listen. He was adamant about getting into his friend AfroDJMac, and the work that he's been doing on Ableton Live packs. I jumped into my research (i.e., I took things for a quick drive then started digging deeper), and was really impressed with the work. Reached out to see if he'd be up for a quickie chat, and he jumped on the opportunity.

So you get this - my Thanksgiving gift to you. Great talk with a really insightful programmer, sound designer, songwriter and Ableton Certified Trainer.

I always like when someone opens a door for me to explore. Brian's ideas about vocal music (especially mixed with electronic music concepts) are really unique, and the way that he mixes music and teaching is also very interesting. Listen to his work here, and enjoy the discussion!

Ableton Push Impov: Vinyl Needle Drops in Drum Racks (Real-Time & Step Automation)

Working with the Elektron Octatrack has gotten back into sampling big time. Some of the things you can do with an Octatrack - like per step automation - can also be done with Ableton Push when working in "Note" mode in drum racks.

  1. One you turn on a note in the step sequencer, you can then hold the note down to acces all sort of parameters for devices. While holding the step...
  2. Adjust params to your liking. In this example I'm changing the pitch of each step in the step-sequencer.

You can of course record real-time automation by simply pressing the "Automation" button when in record or overdub mode.

Below is an example audio snippet I put on soundcloud of doing such that. I sampled audio from random needle drops on vinyl into clips and used them to build a custom drum rack.  I then improvised using Push to perform and sequence these clips including per step automation of various parameters.

Mark Mosher
Electronic Musician, Boulder, CO (meetup)

Manipulating a Percussive Soda Can Sample using Pad Pressure on Ableton Push #MadeWithLive

I recorded the sound of a pen striking a half-full soda can. I loaded this into Sampler and went to the MIDI panel and mapped "Aftertouch" (pad pressure) to "Loop Length" with a value of -100. Now pad pressure modulate the loop length.

Here is a video of this sound design work in progress -

Mark Mosher
Electronic Musician, Boulder, CO (meetup)

How to Send a MIDI Program Change to Absynth in Ableton Live

(Click Image to Enlarge)

Absynth’s “Program List” is a great way to organize your favorite presets for studio or performance work. You can also use it as a list of MIDI program changes. In this article I illustrate how this works with step-by-step instructions on how to to use MIDI program change in Ableton Live to change presets in Native Instruments Absynth.

  1. Click the Browser tab Absynth has a featured called “Program Lists”. To access this feature, click on the “Browser” tab.
  2. Click “Programs” if it’s not lit in green. This exposes the Program List. If the “On” button is lit, Absynth listens for MIDI program changes.
  3. Drag sounds you would like in your preset change list to the “Program List”
  4. Create some dummy clips (a clip with no notes) by double clicking in a clip slot for the device holding Absynth.
  5. In the “Notes” section of the device interface, use the bottom field to set the program number. In the example, the clip in focus is set to a value of “Pgm 3” which will select the third preset in the list. You can set a different progam number for each clip.

Of course this technique will work with any VST or hardware synth that can receive a MIDI patch change.

One use case for a live situation is to use a grid controller like a Launchpad or APC 40 to launch the dummy clips to quickly change patches. You could load up 8 of your favorite synths (or 8 instances of absynth), then use scene launches to tee up the patches per scene. For example, if you use used one scene per song in a live situation, you could launch the scene, then select each track (or set of tracks to arm and layer the synths as the song progressed. When you are ready for song 2, launch scene 2 and all the patches will be teed up.

The advantage that instead of having to load a new set per song, or have a lot of instances of a synth, you simply use the same synths instances for each song and change the presets in play for each song.

Mark Mosher (meetup)

What’s New in Ableton Live 9.1.5

Ableton has released Live 9.1.5.. Here is a copy of the release notes.

9.1.5 Release Notes

Improvements and feature changes:
  • Minor improvement to ensure compatibility with Mac OS X’ Gatekeeper for the forthcoming OS X updates 10.9.5 and 10.10.
  • Improved the threshold for inverting text colour of clip names, chains, macros, etc., depending on the background color, for better readability.
  • The [live.thisdevice] Max for Live object would no longer send a bang message out its first outlet when adding/removing control surface scripts in the Live preferences.
  • Under certain conditions, the MIDI level indicator would not show any activity inside the routing chooser of a MIDI track.
  • The Send button on the APC40 MKII would not work when pressed for the first time.
  • The Launchpad's Mixer mode would stop working after using the Launchpad's Session Zoom feature in Live sets containing more that 8 tracks.
Changes for Push:
  • When using a low audio buffer size or high sample rate, Push's buttons would not be backlit after launching Live (Windows only).
  • When entering Scales mode on Push, the Selection and State Control buttons would not light up until one of them is pressed once.
  • Push's Duplicate button would not work anymore for clips, tracks and scenes if Clip workflow is selected.

Boulder Electronic Music Events: Thursday April 24 Ableton University Tour + Mixed Signals Concert Friday April 25 at 8pm

I wanted to turn you on to a few electronic-music events that I will be participating in this week in Boulder.

Boulder, CO
Date: April 24
School: University of Colorado, Boulder
Time: 11am (faculty meet), 2pm (break-out sessions - student only), (Public Event @ 6:30pm)
Presenter(s): Mark Mosher (Artist), Ben Samples (Artist), Dave Hillel (Ableton)
Venue: University of Colorado at Boulder, College of Music, Room# N1B46, 18th & Euclid, Boulder, CO 80309-0301
RSVP: No RSVP needed
More Info: Eventbrite

Ableton is proud to partner with University of Colorado at Boulder for the Ableton University Tour, a day and evening of student workshops and public presentations held at the University of Colorado campus in Boulder, CO. Students are invited to join Ableton representatives and Certified Trainers for an afternoon of break-out sessions exploring composition, sound design, production techniques and performance utilizing Ableton Live and Push. Day time activities will be followed by a free evening presentation open to the public, featuring performances, tips and tricks and unique approaches for music-making from artists and Ableton experts. Special guests for the Boulder event include Mark Mosher (Artist), Ben Samples (Artist) and Dave Hillel (Ableton).

I’ll be performing a concert set at the at the Dairy Center for the Arts next Friday April 25th at 8pm. In this concert I’ll be performing songs from my cinematic alien invasion album series including songs from my new album Fear Cannot Save Us which is now available on Bandcamp, iTunes, Amazon,and CDBaby. Joining me in this concert will be Wes Milholen (aka Antidata) on modular synthesizer systems,  and Victoria Lundy on Theremin.

westword-best-ofWhere: Dairy Center for the Arts (map | official site)
When: Friday April 25th at 8PM
Tickets: $12 in Advance (
on sale now) | $15 at the door
FB Page:

I’m helping to organize this show and we’re going to use a similar show format that was used for award winning Watt? Show (see this post on our Westword Magazine Best of Award). In this format each artist play a set. As with our Watt? show. We’ll also be back in the wonderful Performance Space at the dairy which has elevated show seating and comfy seats. There is a bar and snack bar in the lobby and you can bring your wine or beer into the theater. It’s just a great way to see a show of this sort.

We’ll kick the show off  with Wes Milholen (aka Antidata) performing a set that features original pieces on analog modular synthesizers. Next up will be Victoria Lundy will be playing a variety of classical and original ambient pieces on Theremin. There will be a brief intermission followed by my set with will also include “invader cam” which is an synchronized interactive visual performance.

Something new we’ll be adding in this show is that we’ll have visuals for all three performances. We’ll close the show with a collaborative piece we worked up at a recent rehearsal.

To give you a feel for what the show will be like, here is a soundcloud set with music from all the artists.

We rehearsed the flow and progression from modular, to theremin, my all digital set followed by a collaborative piece and worked really well so I hope you’ll join us for the show.

Get your advanced tickets here.

mark-mosher-fear-cannot-save-us-cover-final (550x550)Mark Mosher
Electronic Musician Boulder, CO
www.FearCannotSaveUs <<< New Cinematic Electronica Albums


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Just two weeks shy of his divorce from reality personality Camille Grammer, Frasier star Kelsey Grammer is a married man for the fourth time.

Grammer and his fiancee Kayte Walsh, 29, tied the knot in a ceremony at the Longacre Theatre in New York City just before 4PM on Friday afternoon. Grammer arrived in a black Mercedes dressed in a tuxedo with black pants and white shirt. He was flanked by a throng of eight security guards, who opened giant black and white umbrellas to protect him from the roving lenses of the paparazzi. Kayte, a British-born former flight attendant, wore a Peter Langner for Mark Ingram gown for the nups, which were followed by a reception dinner at Manhattan’s posh Plaza Hotel.

Kelsey and Kayte announced their engagement in December. His divorce from Real Housewives star Camille was finalized on Feb. 10.

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Page last updated at 11:02 GMT, Thursday, 26 February 2009

Downturn hits Philippine remittances

By Jill McGivering
BBC News, Manila

Job seeker searches for photograph at jobs fair, Manila, 23 Feb 09
Jobs at home in the Philippines and abroad are harder to find

In the Philippines, about eight million people - one in 10 adults - work abroad.

Millions of families depend on the money they send back.

But now a crisis is looming - as the economic downturn means thousands are losing their jobs overseas and being sent home.

Migrant workers are called "the new heroes" in the Philippines because of the contribution they make to the national economy.

The money they send home to their relatives is crucial, paying for food, shelter and education.

But now a growing number - already in the thousands - are being forced home because they have lost their jobs.

Rowena is typical. She is 28 and found work last year as a factory supervisor in Taiwan.

Jeepney, Manila, Feb 09
The Philippines is home, but has never offered enough work

She has already supported her brother through school. She also hoped to save enough to get married.

But in December, just seven months into a two-year contract, she and all her fellow Filipino workers were laid off.

"My plans are shattered and broken," she said. "I spent so much on placement fees before going to Taiwan and I've not earned back the expenses. Honestly I'm shocked."

Rowena is now staying in a hostel in Manila run by a Christian charity, "Scalabrini". Its 80 dormitory beds are all taken.

When I visited, many were out at government offices, filing applications to go abroad. Others played chess in the shade or badminton in the hot white-washed courtyard.

A Biblical text was painted in large black letters along one wall, reading: "I was a stranger and you welcomed me."

Families are now having a very difficult time... they're worried they'll have to stop sending the children to school
Brother Luis Andres Maya, Scalabrini hostel

Brother Luis Andres Maya, who runs the hostel, says he has noticed a sudden rise in recent months in the number of migrants being sent home without finishing their contracts.

"Many factories are closing and the first ones sent back are the Filipinos," he said. "Families are now having a very difficult time. They're worried they'll have to stop sending the children to school. They depend on the salaries sent from abroad."

High hopes

The competition to go overseas is increasingly fierce. Last year almost 1.4 million people went to work abroad, an increase of nearly a third on the previous year.

I visited the multi-storey offices of the Philippines Overseas Employment Agency, a government department which processes applications.

The corridors bustled with men and women of all ages. Many were attending the agency's daily seminars which advise would-be migrants about their rights in other countries and cover all sorts of crises, including death.

Celerina Avedilla, Manila Feb 09
Celerina Avedilla is one of the lucky ones with a new contract

I joined a group of more than 50 locals sitting in rows on plastic chairs in a white-walled classroom. The tutor urged them to be good ambassadors for their country and to send money home to their families.

Ludy Lhour Tria, 30, was one of them. The next day, she told me, she was flying out to London to work as a technician in the Royal London Hospital in Whitechapel.

It is her second overseas post and she admitted that working abroad involved a lot of personal sacrifice - emotional and physical.

But the money made it impossible not to go. In the UK, she said, she could earn 10 or 12 times as much as in the Philippines.

"I can support my nieces and nephews," she said, "and my parents who are old now and dependent on me."

Celerina Avedilla, 45, was about to leave for Spain, to work as a domestic helper.

It was hard, she said, leaving behind her husband and four children, one as young as 11. But the family had debts.

A few years overseas was the only way she could pay them off and then save to send her sons to college.

Oliver, sacked seaman, Manila, Feb 09
Those whose contracts are cut face huge problems back home

The hopes of these new migrants stand in stark contrast with the sadder stories told by those now being sent home.

Oliver, a gently-spoken man with a round face, told me he had spent most of his adult life working abroad, first in factories in Taiwan, then as an assistant cook on a Greek-owned merchant ship.

In December, the entire crew of 50, including the captain, were told to pack their bags. Oliver was less than three months into a new contract and is now unable to support his wife and nine-month old son.

"I don't know where to find money for milk and food for my wife," he told me. "It feels so bad."

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Page last updated at 23:09 GMT, Wednesday, 14 May 2008 00:09 UK

Koreans fight free trade deal

Beef farmer's Free Trade Agreement concerns

By Linda Duffin
BBC World Service business reporter, Seoul, South Korea

Korean protestors

The issue of beef imports has become a crucial symbol of opposition to a free trade deal that the Korean government has negotiated with the US.

Thousands of young people have been gathering every night in Korea's capital, Seoul, staging a candlelit vigil against the free trade deal.

They have been there nearly every night for the last week, occupying one of the capital's main squares.

They sit in the streets on neatly folded newspapers, filling every road leading up to the busy intersection, while slogans are being belted out on a public address system.

Police stand-off

The streets around the area have been packed with buses full of riot police.

So far, the police have been sitting it out just like the protesters.

There has been no violence, but the mood is angry and it has been having an effect on the government.

This week, South Korea had planned to resume quarantine inspections on more than 5,000 tonnes of US beef which have been languishing in storage at the country's ports since last October.

But now the government has announced it will delay the resumption of US beef imports, in the face of mounting public concern over the safety of the product.

"I think we need a week to 10 days," Korean Agriculture Minister Chung Woon-chun told parliament.

Top importer

Korea, once one of the top three importers of US beef, banned the product in 2003 after an outbreak in America of BSE, or mad cow disease.

South Korean President Lee Myung-bak (file image)
President Lee favours free trade and economic reform

The row rumbled on until last month, when South Korea's new president Lee Myung-bak made a state visit to the US and was told Congress would refuse to ratify a crucial Free Trade Agreement until beef imports were resumed.

He agreed, but the decision has led to a plunge in his popularity back home, where a US-linked mad cow scare is sweeping the country.

One locally-conducted opinion poll suggests that 78% of Koreans think US beef is unsafe.

Most of the protesters taking to the streets are students and in this techno-savvy nation, they are swapping information via the internet and mobile phone text messages.

The country is alive with rumours - that drugs and cosmetics and babies' nappies could contain BSE-infected products, or that that Koreans have a gene that makes them more susceptible to CJD, the human form of mad cow disease.

Caving into pressure

Government assurances that US beef is safe and that reports of its dangers are grossly distorted are falling on deaf ears.

Korean farmers protest at WTO in Hong Kong
Korean farmers have been protesting free trade deals around the world

Although there have been only three reported cases of BSE in the United States, public alarm here has reached such a peak that South Korean newspapers are reporting that food distributors, schools and restaurants plan to boycott US beef.

But there is more to this controversy than the health scare or the widespread public perception that President Lee caved in to US demands over the Free Trade Agreement.

Farmers under threat

Korean farmers say it threatens their livelihoods.

An employee prepares imported US beef at a shop in Seoul, 13 July, 2007
South Korea suspended most US beef imports after concerns about BSE

Two hours' drive south of Seoul is a beef farm run by Lee In-sai.

He started out when he left agricultural college 20 years ago with one cow.

Now he has built up a herd of 250 animals.

But he wonders how long he and his fellow farmers can keep going.

Standing beside his cows and their calves, a local breed called Hanwoo, he says:

"The Free Trade Agreement means we have more competition and to be competitive we've had to expand our farms. That means we've had to take out loans, expand the facilities, buy more cows - a very difficult situation.

"On top of that, grain prices have gone up and so have fuel prices. The government should raise the price of beef to compensate, but the price of beef has been going down, which makes things very hard for farmers.

"This is the sort of situation that drives farmers to suicide."

Economic benefits

South Korea has signed free trade agreements with the United States and Europe, but they have yet to be ratified.

And although the farming sector might suffer, the government believes the rest of the South Korean economy could reap big benefits.

It seems to have been taken by surprise by the strength of the public reaction.

A Hyundai Genesis
Korea wants to ensure it can continue to export its cars to the US

Hyun Jung-taik, president of the government's economic policy think-tank, the Korea Development Institute, says:

"There is a very irrational, emotional reaction on the part of the Korean general public. It is a pity, I think. We have to go through this ratification of the Free Trade Agreement soon and it is really very essential."

And the US farm lobby is equally keen to get the deal ratified.

The US Department of Agriculture says it is potentially the most significant trade agreement for the sector in 15 years.

The US government says US beef is safe and the deal is based on sound science.

American producers, meanwhile, accuse Korean farmers of protectionism.

Opposition politicians in South Korea continue to lobby for changes to the Korea-US Free Trade Agreement, and the Korean government has now promised to suspend US beef imports if there is any new outbreak of BSE in the United States.

But few people doubt the free trade deal will eventually be ratified by Korea, whose economy depends on exports.

Although the Bush administration says it is committed to implementing the deal this year, with a Presidential election imminent in the US, and a Democratic Congress, that is looking increasingly unlikely.

South Korea relaxes US beef ban
18 Apr 08 |  Business
South Korea's GNP wins majority
09 Apr 08 |  Asia-Pacific
US and S Korea agree trade deal
02 Apr 07 |  Business
Beef row imperils US-Korea trade
02 Feb 07 |  Business
Country profile: South Korea
11 Apr 08 |  Country profiles
Timeline: South Korea
11 Apr 08 |  Country profiles

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Last Updated: Thursday, 24 March, 2005, 14:22 GMT
Actor Crowe's band dissolves
Russell Crowe
Russell Crowe has been writing while taking a break from acting
Actor Russell Crowe has revealed his rock band 30 Odd Foot of Grunts has been disbanded.

The Australian posted a message on his website saying the band "seems to have dissolved/evolved".

He was disappointed but was now free to write songs about things going on in his own life and performing with a new line-up, he added.

30 Odd Foot of Grunts received a great deal of publicity because of Crowe but their music was critically panned.

Their 2002 album release suffered the ignominious fate of selling just 156 copies in its first week of release in the UK.

But it did not affect Crowe's superstar status, with his movie A Beautiful Mind winning an Oscar just months later.

It is without doubt the most satisfying record I've ever made, and I know when you hear it you will be seduced by its beauty
Russell Crowe
Crowe said that the indefinite postponement of the film Eucalyptus, in which he was to have starred opposite Nicole Kidman, had given him time to write lots of material.

He said his forthcoming album touched on varying subjects including "my beautiful wife, past relationships, my son, people I know, family tragedy".

"It is without doubt the most satisfying record I've ever made, and I know when you hear it you will be seduced by its beauty," said Crowe.

Quiet power

He added he was looking for someone to champion his music because his last record deal had not been a success.

Crowe will release a new co-written single, Raewyn, on 19 April through iTunes.

He said: "It is the only song I've ever written that has made both men and women cry, think, and call their parents, usually in that order.

"I have e-mails from Sting and Billy Bragg, two of my songwriting heroes that give testament to the quiet power of the song."

Musical Crowe falls flat
22 Mar 02 |  Entertainment
Actor Crowe was 'al-Qaeda target'
10 Mar 05 |  Entertainment
Crowe sorry over Bafta outburst
04 Mar 02 |  Entertainment
Russell Crowe: Heart-throb and hero
04 Apr 03 |  Entertainment
Crowe admits fight with bodyguard
29 Aug 04 |  Entertainment

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Last Updated: Friday, 4 November 2005, 09:59 GMT
Lennon's murder explored in film
Jared Leto
Leto will play John Lennon's killer Marc Chapman
Lindsay Lohan and Jared Leto are to star in an independent film set around the murder of John Lennon 25 years ago.

Chapter 27, which will be shot in New York in January, is being described as a "psychological study" of the former Beatle's killer Mark Chapman.

Lohan, last seen in Herbie: Fully Loaded, will take on a fictional role of a Lennon fan who befriends Chapman, played by Lord of War actor Leto.

The parts of Lennon and his wife Yoko Ono have not yet been cast.

Lennon was shot dead outside his Manhattan home in December 1980.

Chapman, who is still serving a prison sentence for the killing, had got the musician to autograph a copy of his newly released album Double Fantasy just hours earlier.

First film

Producers said Lennon himself would have a relatively small screen presence in Chapter 27.

Lohan's character was created to help film-makers explore the motivation behind the killing, they added.

The film is the first project from director Jarrett Schaeffer, who also wrote the script.

It is being co-produced by Toronto-based Peace Arch Entertainment and 21 Grams film-maker Robert Salerno's company Artina Films.

"It's a psychological study," said Peace Arch's John Flock.

"I wouldn't call it a sympathetic portrayal of him, but you do kind of get into Chapman's head."

The film's title is said to be a reference to the 26 chapters in the JD Salinger novel The Catcher in the Rye, which Chapman said was an inspiration for the murder.

31 Oct 05 |  Entertainment

05 Oct 05 |  Entertainment

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06 Oct 04 |  Entertainment

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Last Updated: Wednesday, 31 December, 2003, 15:08 GMT
Ireland passes population milestone

By James Helm
BBC Dublin correspondent

The population of the Irish Republic has reached four million, according to the results of the latest census published this month, the highest level in 130 years.

In the 1840s, Ireland's largely rural population, living under British rule, stood at around eight million. From then on, the country's demographic story is one of decline.

St Patrick's Day Dublin
Many Irish families are returning to Ireland
A catastrophic famine in Ireland followed, as did mass emigration, as citizens tried to escape the conditions at home.

From Ireland's shores, boatloads of families sailed to America, Australia and elsewhere, searching for a better life and building communities, many of which still retain very strong Irish links today.

As the Irish diaspora grew, so the population at home fell. By 1961, the population of the by now independent Republic of Ireland was down to its lowest level on record of 2.6 million .

Now, that trend has changed.

Economic migrants

Experts at University College Dublin say a number of factors are involved.

"There are large numbers of Irish people who would have gone abroad in the 1970s who are now coming back to raise their families," said Joe Brady, an urban geographer.

"There are people of Irish ethnic origin who are coming back... attracted by the kind of jobs, the high wage economy that it is.

"And then we are experiencing something which we never experienced before - we are getting large numbers of economic migrants, people who are coming from poorer countries."

Ireland's population has now grown by more than a third in the last 30 years. The country's economy experienced rapid growth in the 1990s, what was known as the Celtic Tiger phenomenon.

The latest census figures have been hailed as a milestone here, the growth - beyond four million - put down to the mix of returning Irish people plus new migrants from Africa, Asia or Eastern Europe.

However, commentators warn that there is no guarantee that Ireland's population growth will continue.

Country profile: Ireland
10 Sep 03  |  Country profiles

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Israel admits Tube advert map 'mistake'

The advert marked the West Bank and Gaza with only a faint line

Israel's tourist ministry has admitted to a "mistake" over adverts on the London Underground after complaints that they "wipe Palestine off the map".

The ads include a map which campaigners say shows the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip - as well as Syria's Golan Heights - as integral parts of Israel.

The ministry said that in general, maps should not be used on billboards.

But it denied a Transport for London statement that it had asked for the offending posters to be removed.

Transport for London said it has received about 600 complaints about the poster, while the Advertising Standards Authority said it had had 300.

Hugh Lanning of the London-based Palestine Solidarity Campaign said the adverts were a "disingenuous attempt to remove the Palestinians from the public mind, and create a false impression about what constitutes Israel".

The posters were "selling a lie" by suggesting tourists could visit Gaza when the Hamas-run strip is subject to a strict Israeli blockade under which even some doctors and humanitarian workers have been denied entry, PSC said.

The map shows Israel, the West Bank, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights in the same striking yellow colour; the faintest of white lines mark out the Palestinian territories - though not the Syrian one which Israel annexed in 1981.

Insufficient vetting

Israel occupied the three Arab territories, including East Jerusalem, during the 1967 war. It has since cemented its hold by settling hundreds of thousands of its citizens there.

Oren Drori, Head of Marketing Administration for the Israeli Ministry of Tourism, described the adverts as a "professional mistake" with no geopolitical intentions.

He said he did not think maps should be used on billboards to advertise tourism in any country and the adverts had not been sufficiently vetted.

"We are not tearing anything down," he said. But the ministry had decided to "fast-forward" to the next set of posters scheduled in the campaign, after learning that there was "a bit of a harsh response" to the map advert, he said.

No more map adverts would be posted, he said, and existing ones would be removed as they reached the end of their scheduled display times over the next two weeks, he said.

The Syrian Embassy in London, which had lodged its own protest, described the advert as "offensive".

US President Barack Obama is trying to kick-start talks to reach an negotiated agreement creating a state of Palestine in the West Bank and Gaza, although Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has not signed up to the idea.

The fate of the Golan Heights is key to any peace negotiations between Israel and Syria.

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World News America

BBC election bus video diary

As part of its election coverage, the BBC is sending a specially designed bus across the States, to cover the final weeks of presidential campaigning.

Travelling from Los Angeles to New York, the bus will cover over 4,000 kilometres and pass through 15 states.

The BBC's journalists on board, from radio, tv and online, aim to build up a detailed and unique picture of America ahead of the election.

World News America's online producer Jennifer Copestake is on the bus and is keeping a video diary of her trip.

September 21
Today we're in Dallas at the Gay Pride parade. It's a beautiful sunny day with lots of music and fabulous costumes. At least three churches including the world's largest gay and lesbian church, the Cathedral of Hope, marched in the parade. Behind barricades a handful of protesters were shouting bible verses and pamphleteering along the route. Harassment like this was just one of the reasons many people I spoke to said they feel uncomfortable living in America and would leave if the Republicans win the White House again. So watch out Canada! There may be at least a handful of Texan immigrants moving to the true north strong and free come November.

Following Gay Pride in Dallas

And while the number of Americans moving to Canada has reached record highs and may continue after the election, more Canadians are heading south to replace them. For now.

At the end of the parade I met these friendly guys who told me no matter how dire the economic situation gets they will not give up their Hummer.

Why have a Hummer?

September 20
We've left New Mexico and entered Texas. Our first stop is the largest wind energy farm in America in the town of Sweetwater. Energy is the economy here and I wasn't surprised to hear how much support there is for T Boone Pickens.

America's largest wind energy farm

September 18
We've arrived at the state fair in Albuquerque. When I met Governor Richardson yesterday he said he'd cut the cost to get into the fair from $7 to $6 to accommodate families who were struggling financially and staying away from the fair.

While the costs to get in were cut the cost of drinks and food more than made up for the savings. Drinks were selling for up to $4 and a piece of corn on the cob was $3.50.

Today is military appreciation day which began with a ceremonial tribute to New Mexicans who served America in war, including Navajo code talkers. The Rio Grande ROTC high school drill team gave an impressive display. I'm told their school consistently comes last in everything but the team won the national drill championships.

The Rio Grande ROTC high school drill team show off their skills at the state fair in Albuquerque.

Wandering down the fair's Avenue of the Generals the military theme was in full effect. The most exciting table was this one, where young and old (mainly very young) could hold on to military weapons which have been used in combat.

'Gonna shoot the bad guys!'

17 September
I'm in New Mexico, a key swing state in the election. Getting the Hispanic vote is crucial to winning this state, as almost half of the state's population is Hispanic. I sat down briefly with Governor Bill Richardson who told me his state would be influential in the election and staked his career on Obama winning.

Democratic Governor Bill Richardson has predicted an Obama win in New Mexico

15 September
Lehman Brothers went bankrupt today and AIG is in serious trouble. I'm in Phoenix today to get reaction from a few people about the latest economic crisis.

Phoenix residents react to 'Meltdown Monday'

12 September
I spent the afternoon walking through various casino floors on the strip. Stale cigarette smoke lingers in the air. Elderly men and women rhythmically inserting coin after coin into one armed bandits. There is something startlingly beautiful about the exterior of buildings in Las Vegas - their neon signs and flamboyancy standing out against the Spartan desert backdrop. But on the casino floor everywhere I look I'm reminded of America's failing economy. Debt and hope in equal measure.

In the Orleans hotel I met the only original member of the Temptations, Otis Williams and his manager, Shelly Berger.

They have seen many changes in America over decades of touring.

Otis Williams and the Temptations' manager on changes in Vegas

11 September
We're on our way to Vegas and have stopped here, in Baker, California. One big thermometer dominates the landscape. Run down motels and a strip of fast food restaurants make up the rest. Surrounded by a Navajo reserve the town can not expand any further than its one mile square. Its meagre population is dominated by Mexican immigrants, legal and illegal. The bus stopped for lunch at the Big Boy burger restaurant. I had a quick look around the town and some of the locals told me why the election hasn't captured the imagination of citizens here.

Views from Baker in California

10 September
Certainly one way to make a buck. Viewer discretion advised, it's painful.

Perry Hernandez, Venice beach glass walker

9 September
Tomorrow the BBC election bus sets off for a 38-day tour of America which will take us through 16 states. We will be living on this tour bus, which has also chauffeured Cher and rock band Linkin Park.

A look inside the BBC election bus

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BBC News World Edition
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Tuesday, 11 December, 2001, 17:09 GMT
Race reports at a glance
Rioting in Bradford
The summer's riots left hundreds of people injured
A series of reports into the racial violence which hit Burnley, Oldham and Bradford this summer have highlighted the divisions between different ethnic communities.

Click here for the Oldham report
Click here for the Burnley report
Click here for John Denham's report

Government-commissioned Cantle report:

Work on the main report for the Home Office began after the worst racial violence Britain had seen since the 1980s.

Chairman of the Community Cohesion Review Team, Ted Cantle, said there was a lot of anxiety about discussing the causes of the trouble openly among people his team spoke to in the three towns.

The key findings of the report include:

  • Different communities lived "parallel lives"
  • Fear grew from ignorance about other communities and was exploited by extremists
  • More than 67 recommendations made covering areas including housing, education, youth, leisure facilities and regeneration
  • Weak local leadership, national and local government and policing policies all criticised
  • Government policy of encouraging single-faith schools criticised for raising possibility of deeper divisions
  • A meaningful concept of citizenship should be found
  • Immigrants could take an oath of allegiance setting out a "clear primary loyalty to this nation"
  • Open and honest debate about multi-culturalism in Britain needed

Oldham Independent Review:

Click here to return to top

Racial violence broke out in Oldham with three days of running battles in May.

An independent review into the causes of the race riots was led by top civil servant David Ritchie.

The key findings of his report included:
Oldham firefighters
Firefighters in Oldham tackled burning cars

  • Years of "deep-rooted" segregation between communities identified
  • Local authorities failed to address causes of racial division
  • Threat of "more serious" trouble in future unless action taken
  • People should see themselves as 'Oldhamers'
  • Council should try to mix ethnic groups when letting properties
  • Mixed-race specialist schools should act as beacon schools
  • Faith schools should admit pupils of different faiths
  • Big public sector employers should have more representative workforces
  • Local health service needed improving
  • Police structure should be more community-focused
  • Religious leaders should speak to the town as a whole, not just their own faiths

Burnley Task Force Report:

Click here to return to top

The Burnley task force was formed after violent clashes between groups of whites, Asians and police in the town between 23 - 25 June.

The trouble began when cars and property were damaged after two gangs of white and Asian men were involved in a fight.

An Asian taxi driver was attacked with a hammer and racial abuse was hurled at Asian-owned businesses.

Asian men threw bricks threw the window of a pub which they thought was being used to prepare an attack on them and groups clashed with police.

Led by Lord Tony Clarke, the Task Force team found that:
Burnt cars in Burnley
Burnley clashes 'not race riots'

  • Civil disturbances were not "race riots"
  • A series of violent incidents were sparked by a war between Asian and white drug gangs
  • The clashes were deliberately exploited by organised white racists
  • 'Grinding poverty' further exacerbated the situation
  • Government must provide funding for regeneration tackling "the chronic problems associated with inner city deprivation"
  • Government must work with local police to tackle poor housing, unemployment, drug abuse and petty crime
  • Council must communicate effectively to white people its spending on projects for ethnic minorities
  • Greater integration of Asian people through community projects

Denham Report:

Click here to return to top

An inter-departmental group was set up by the Home Secretary after rioting in Bradford between 7 and 9 July.

Bradford tension spilled over
Smoke billows from a blockade in Bradford on 7 July
Led by Home Office minister John Denham it was asked to identify ways to reduce the threat of future disturbances and build stronger communities.

The group was told to look at issues specific to Burnley, Bradford and Oldham, but also to look at solutions to the problems faced by other British towns and cities.

Among its key findings and recommendations were:

  • Community cohesion must be a central aim of government, reflected in all policy making including regeneration
  • Dialogue and understanding to be promoted between different ethnic and religious groups
  • Debate about identity, shared values and citizenship needed
  • Local people to be involved in developing policies that meet their needs
  • Majority of those involved in disturbances were young men
  • Those involved were from both white and ethnic minority communities. Most were local
  • The trouble often occurred in areas which had experienced months of racial tension and attacks
  • The areas were also affected by high unemployment, lack of a strong cultural identity and disenfranchisement of young people
  • Far right groups had been active in many of the affected areas

Find out more about the violence in northern England during the summer of 2001

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Page last updated at 16:07 GMT, Monday, 24 January 2011
Paul Hobson's top tips for wildlife photography

Paul Hobson
Paul Hobson said you should visit a site several times to get the best shots

Paul Hobson is a professional wildlife photographer and is helping Sally Pepper with a couple of her nature films in her BBC East Midlands Today series, Sally Goes Wild.

In the first film, he seeks out mountain hare in the Peak District.

Later in the series he'll be training his camera on red grouse.

If you fancy having a go at taking your own wildlife pictures, or perhaps photographing the birds in your back garden, here are Paul's top tips for success.

Paul Hobson's Top Ten Wildlife Photography Tips

  • Learn as much as you can about the animal you are going to photograph. Research on the web, ask local wildlife groups and read books. It helps you to visualise and create exciting images.
  • Spend as much time in the field as possible. Watch and learn the habits of the animals you are photographing. It will help greatly later when you photograph them and will allow you to predict any behaviour and know where and when to find them.
  • Make sure you have any land-owner's permission if you need it. It is always a good idea to present them with a print when you have finished your project.
  • Make sure you are fully familiar with your camera and you know how to change the most used functions quickly. Wildlife moments can occur in the blink of an eye.
  • Before you start make sure the camera is set for instant photography, you have the right mode (such as aperture priority), the correct depth of field, the most appropriate ISO etc. Sometimes the action may start straight away and you don't want to miss it by having to fiddle around adjusting the camera.
  • Learn how to approach wildlife slowly and quietly. Don't march straight up to it, it is most likely to run off and you will fail to get any shots.
  • Check the weather forecast with Sally Pepper and the weather team! Don't be put off by bad weather, sometimes the most dramatic images occur in rain or mist.
  • Learn how to visualise an image before you go out and plan how to create that image. Look at as many other photographs as you can and try to blend in aspects you like into your work but do not simply copy other photographers' ideas.
  • Do not try to do everything in one go. Plan one image per session and work hard to get it. Leave a different image until another session. You will create much stronger images than simply firing at everything that moves and hoping to get some good shots.
  • Visit the same site frequently. The best images are often created on repeat visits and after many hours of work.

Sally Goes Wild
24 Jan 11 |  Nature & Outdoors
East Midlands weather forecast
25 Jan 11 |  Weather News

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Saturday, 7 December, 2002, 15:47 GMT
Leinster snatch win
Brian O'Driscoll helped set up Leinster's crucial try
Leinster's Brian O'Driscoll is tackled by Marc Raynaud
Montferrand 20-23 Leinster

Denis Hickie's last-gasp try earned Leinster a dramatic victory over Montferrand in Saturday's Heineken Cup game in France.

Gerald Merceron's five penalties had seemed likely to set up a victory for the home team.

However with a minute of normal time left, a Nathan Spooner break, after good work by Brian O'Driscoll, split the Montferrand defence and Irish wing Hickie finished off the move in the corner.

Brian O'Meara's superb conversion added to Leinster's lead and the Irish province held on to claim a tremendous victory.

Earlier in the second half, Gordon D'Arcy had been stretchered off the field following a heavy tackle after he had scored a try.

Our scrum was magnificent

Leinster coach Matt Williams

Leinster trailed for almost the entire game before replacement outside-half Spooner darted down the blindside and delivered a pass to give Hickie the space to score in the corner.

The home fans thought the pass was forward, but Welsh referee Paul Adams awarded the crucial five-pointer.

Leinster coach Matt Williams was delighted with the last-gasp victory.

"The boys showed great character and courage," he said.

"We weathered the storm in the first half after purposely going into the wind.

Leo Cullen is an Ireland international
Leo Cullen soars to win a line-out

"We got our lineout sorted in the second half, and our scrum was magnificent," added Williams.

Montferrand had all the possession and territory in the opening half-hour, but couldn't break Leinster`s defence.

The home side had to be content with regular penalty goals from Gerald Merceron, with Leinster keeping in touch through the boot of O'Meara in their infrequent forays into the opposition half.

In fact, they made only three serious attacks and all were rewarded with an O'Meara penalty goal.

Leinster were struggling with their kicking game, with fullback Girvan Dempsey's touch-finding radar not working properly.

By comparison, Merceron had the ball on a string and he was frustrated by his team-mates' inability to convert pressure into tries.

Merceron made sure Montferrand led 12-9 at the break, but it should have been by a bigger margin.

The French side attacked from the restart and were finally awarded in the 45th minute after a break from captain Olivier Magne.

Match details
Montferrand (12) 20
Tries: Chanal
Pens: Merceron (5)
Leinster (9) 23
Tries: D'Arcy, Hickie
Cons: O'Meara (2)
Pens: O'Meara (3)
Att: 10,000

The ball was sent wide and a clever flick from back-rower Marc Reynaud gave impressive winger Raphael Chanal time to bulldoze his way over the corner.

O'Meara missed simple shots at goal in the 50th and 64th minutes, but in between, winger Gordon D'Arcy a Leinster try.

Shane Horgan burst up the middle and linked with O'Meara, whose long pass gave D'Arcy the space to score.

Opponent David Bory seemed to knee D'Arcy in the back after the Irish international scored but was given only a talking to by referee Adams.

D'Arcy had to leave the field.

Merceron kept his side in front with a fifth penalty goal before Hickie's try had the crowd on its feet for all the wrong reasons.

Leinster: G Dempsey; D Hickie, B O'Driscoll, S Horgan, G D'Arcy, C Warner, B O'Meara; R Corrigan, capt, S Byrne, E Byrne, L Cullen, A McCullen, E Miller, K Gleeson, V Costello.

Montferrand: S Viars, J Marlu, J Ngauamo, R Chanal, D Bory, G Merceron, G Sudre, S Bozzi, R Cockerill, L Tsabadze, T Jacques, O Brouzet, A Audebert, O Magne (capt), M Raynaud.

Heineken Cup

Parker Pen Cup

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