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Read user comments about the side effects, benefits, and effectiveness of Forfivo XL Oral.

Overall User Ratings

2 Total User Reviews

User Reviews

1-2 of 2
Condition: Major Depressive Disorder
8/24/2014 4:23:56 PM

Reviewer: adbdnc, 55-64 Female on Treatment for 1 to 6 months (Patient)

Current Rating: 3

Ease of Use

Current Rating: 5

Current Rating: 2

Had been on Wellbutrin Xl 300mg & Sr 150mg for yrs.Was feeling more depressed. Dr put me on Forfivo xl 2 mths or so. All I want to do is sleep. My dreams at night are so real, my husband says I talk then say who I'm talking to, I respond. Have had times in dreams, was asked by a friend to get a coke for them. I started getting out of bed, till my feet touched the floor, realized I was drea ... Show Full Comment

Condition: Major Depressive Disorder
10/14/2012 5:36:33 PM

Reviewer: 25-34 Female on Treatment for less than 1 month (Patient)

Current Rating: 5

Ease of Use

Current Rating: 5

Current Rating: 5

My doctor had me on Wellbutrin 300 mg and I was still having a tough time. She put me on Forfivo which is 450 mg and it was just what the doctor ordered. Pun intended. I can function now!

1-2 of 2

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Volume 56—1976

{Page 110}

Khan Zafar Iqbal, Larry W. Fish, and Kenneth E. Starling

School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma

Advantages of the use of mixtures compared to pure fluids as working fluids in geothermal binary cycles are discussed with attention to effective use of the geothermal resource and cost effectiveness, not merely thermal efficiency. Calculations are presented to support the argument that mixtures can be tailored to effectively match the characteristics of the resource geothermal fluid better than virtually any pure fluid choice for the working fluid.

Top of Page Conclusions References Table of Contents Home

The United States government is currently sponsoring a large research program in geothermal power generation, including major projects involving binary cycles. However, to date, little effort has been put into optimally choosing working fluid mixtures and operating conditions for geothermal binary cycles. In a recent proposal, "Resource Utilization Efficiency Improvement of Geothermal Binary Cycles - Phase I", (K. E. Starling, principal investigator) submitted to the Energy Research and Development Administration by the University of Oklahoma in February, 1975, the use of mixtures rather than pure fluids as working fluids in geothermal binary cycles is recommended. The major objective of the present paper is to elucidate some of the advantages of mixtures over pure fluids as working fluids in geothermal binary cycles.

The Geothermal Binary Cycle

By definition, in a geothermal binary cycle, the working fluid in the power production cycle (e.g. Rankine-type cycle) receives energy by heat transfer with the geothermal fluid. In the typical geothermal binary cycle, the geothermal fluid from a production well is used in heat exchange to increase the temperature of the pure working fluid in the high-pressure liquid phase from near the lowest temperature in the cycle to the highest temperature in the cycle, where the working fluid is a gas. The geothermal fluid may then be utilized further or returned to the geothermal reservoir via a reinjection well as shown in Figure 1. The high-pressure, high-temperature working fluid (gas phase) is then expanded through a turbine for power generation. Commonly, the turbine drives a generator to produce electric power. After expansion, the pure working fluid is near the lowest pressure in the cycle and usually is a superheated vapor, generally at a temperature above its dew point temperature. The low-pressure vapor is then cooled and condensed to liquid at nearly constant pressure by heat exchange with cooling water. The working fluid, which is now in the liquid state at the lowest temperature and pressure in the cycle, is then compressed to the highest pressure (for heat exchange with the geothermal fluid), thus completing the cycle undergone by the working fluid.

Pure Working Fluids

The temperatures and pressures shown on

{Page 111}

the schematic diagram of the geothermal binary cycle in Figure 1 are for the case of a geothermal brine at 400 F, cooling water at 80 F, and use of isobutane as the working fluid in essentially the process proposed by Anderson (1). Calculations were made for this binary cycle using turbine and pump efficiencies of 85% (based on adiabatic reversible expansion and compression), adiabatic operation of heat exchangers capable of 500 psia pressure and a 20 F rise in the cooling water temperature and a 10 F minimum approach temperature. In addition, the pressure drop of the working fluid in the heat exchangers and the pumping requirements for brine reinjection were ignored. For these conditions, the cycle undergone by the isobutane is shown in Figure 2 on a temperature-entropy diagram. The calculations were made using self-consistent thermodynamic data for isobutane (2), with the numerical results shown in Table 1.

Conceivable methods for improving the pure-fluid geothermal binary cycle include the following schemes (for a plant of specified net power output). (a) Higher pressures can be used in the cycle, which increases the net cycle thermal efficiency (net energy output divided by energy input from geothermal fluid) and decreases geothermal fluid and cooling water requirements, but generally increases plant capital costs and operating problems. (b) Preheating of the high-pressure condensed working fluid with the low-pressure vapor-phase working fluid leaving the turbine can be used, thereby increasing cycle thermal efficiency and decreasing cooling water requirements but often yielding greater capital costs and virtually no more energy output per unit mass of resource geothermal fluid. (c) A higher-molecular-weight pure working fluid, such as isopentane, can be used, thereby yielding less superheat both at the turbine entrance and exit, while producing virtually no more energy output per unit mass of geothermal fluid. In fact, for hydro-

{Page 112}

carbons of molecular weight larger than butane, the additional problem of retrograde condensation and vaporization within the turbine may be encountered, which may lead to major turbine design problems. The trade-offs within the framework of the various designs options for pure fluids vary with the temperature of the resource geothermal fluid and a detailed study of these trade-offs is beyond the scope of this paper. However, the following points should be emphasized. Because the spectrum of resource geothermal fluid temperatures for economically feasible geothermal binary cycles using organic fluids ranges continuously from about 300 F up to 700 F, while pure fluid behavior changes discretely from fluid to fluid, it may be virtually impossible to match a pure working fluid to the resource. On the other hand, an essentially infinite spectrum of property behavior characteristics exists for mixtures and thus a mixture can in principle be found which matches the resource characteristics better than virtually any possible pure-fluid choice.

Use of Mixtures as Working Fluids

The advantages of using mixtures rather than pure compounds as working fluids in geothermal binary cycles can be explained in part with reference to the differences in pure fluids and mixture cycle design calculations summarized in Table 1 and cycle temperature-entropy diagrams, shown in Figures 2 and 3. The pure fluid cycle in Figure 2 is for isobutane, while the mixture cycle in Figure 3 is for a two-component mixture. The composition of this mixture is 56% isobutane and 44% isopentane, on a mole percentage basis. The temperature-pressure conditions for Table 1 and Figures 2 and 3 are for the case of a geothermal fluid at 400 F and cooling water at 80 F, with expansion of the working fluid from 500 psia to 80.4 and 40.5 psia, respectively. The turbine exit pressure of 80.4 psia is chosen for the isobutane cycle to insure complete condensation in the condenser at 110 F, thereby allowing a 10 F minimum approach temperature. The choice of 40.5 psia for the turbine outlet pressure results in a mixture condensing curve which is very nearly parallel to that of the cooling water, a situation which should minimize irreversibilities in the condenser. A disadvantageous result is that the effective log mean temperature difference (LMTD) for the mixture is only about 55% of that for the isobutane cycle. Hence, the mixture condenser would probably be larger than the isobutane condenser. The trade-off would have to be determined by optimization of the cycles based on equipment sizing and economics which is beyond the scope of this paper.

In Figures 2 and 3 the difference between the areas under the cycle heating and cooling curves for the working fluid represents the work obtained from the cycle per pound of geothermal fluid (before accounting for work required for pumping cooling water or geothermal fluid). The geothermal fluid is considered to have the properties of supercooled liquid water. Pertinent information from the calculations for both the isobutane and mixture cycles is summarized in Table 1. Predictions of enthalpies, entropies, densities, dew points, bubble points, and vapor-liquid equilibria for the working fluids were made using accurate correlation (2). Although the composition of the mixture used for this comparison is not optimized with respect to its warming curve at 500 psia, the composition chosen does offer distinct advantages over pure isobutane in a number of respects. The fact that the mixture and the isobutane leave the turbine with 138 F and 167 F super-

{Page 113}

heat, respectively, means that expansion from a higher inlet pressure would lead to greater turbine work yield per pound of geothermal fluid, corresponding roughly to the triangular-shaped areas below the cooling curves for the mixture and isobutane from the turbine exit to the respective dew points at 110 F. The condenser duty is greater and 14.5% more cooling water is required for the isobutane cycle than for the mixture cycle. The bubble-point temperature of the mixture at 500 psia is rather high, 300 F. To maintain a temperature difference between the geothermal fluid and the working fluid mixture of at least 10 F throughout the heat exchanger, the exit temperature required for the geothermal fluid is 196 F compared with 173 F for the isobutane cycle. Nevertheless, more work is obtained per pound of geothermal fluid in the mixture cycle than the isobutane cycle, because the thermal efficiency of the mixture cycle is 15.7% compared to 13.2% for the isobutane cycle. Because the geothermal fluid leaves the heat exchanger at 196 F in the mixture cycle, it could be used in heat exchange with a second working fluid mixture to obtain additional work. Thus, a cascade system of two or more binary cycles could be developed to increase the work obtainable per pound of geothermal fluid passing through the geothermal power plant.

Top of Page Conclusions References Table of Contents Home

The preliminary calculations for even the unoptimized mixture considered here demonstrate potential advantages in using mixtures as working fluids in binary cycles to increase turbine work and decrease condenser duty and cooling water requirements, and the potential for cascade systems of binary cycles in which the work obtained from the coupled cycles is maximized.

We wish to acknowledge the support of this work by the University of Oklahoma and the Energy Research and Development Administration, Contract No. E-(40-1)-4944, and the support of augmenting studies related to this work by the Electric Power Research Institute.

1.   J. H. ANDERSON, in: P. Kruger and C. Otte (eds.), Geothermal Energy, Stanford University Press, Stanford, 1973, pp. 163-75.

2.   K. E. STARLING, Fluid Thermodynamic Properties for Light Petroleum Systems, Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, 1973.

Top of Page Conclusions References Table of Contents Home

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Digital Bloggers

Glide App Review | How To Use Glide Beta App

Glide App Review | How To Use Glide Beta App

Glide App

Everyone loves video! I love video chats in Skype, Facebook, Oovoo, and Google + Hangout. The trouble with video chatting is the fact there is a long delay and it’s not a so cool experience if you got to wait for the person to pause while they are talking to get the full message. In this Glide App Review I am going to share with you my story of how it all started and show you how to download and use this app for personal conversation and in business.

How I discovered the Glide App

Late one night while I was chilling on my bed I was messing around inside the Google Playstore, you know the area on your Android that houses all the free and paid apps for your smartphone. Well, while waiting for Rich to come home from work he was texting me alot that night and I text him back asking him if he was in the car texting while driving.

Of course, he said, I am texting you because I miss you and want to see what your up to. Okay, so like I have a real problem with that as it’s really totally not safe to text and drive. I felt uneasy knowing he was texting me and driving at night tired from working in the field all day. This was my motivation as I had enough of this texting and really wanted to see his face and talk to him so I started searching under the keyword Video Chat in the Google Playstore.

The results that came up were 1. oovoo, 2. Tango, 3. Skype, 4. Camfrog Video Chat, 5. Video Chat by FriendCaller, 6. Paltalk Video Chat Free, 7. TK Video chat for Facebook, 8. Rounds Video Chat, and 9. Glide App -Video Texting. How interesting as I was scrolling down with my finger I dug up this holy grail of video texting and I didn’t realize how powerful it can be. I pressed the app and reviewed the reviews first of course before downloading it and then I watched the preview video commercial and that is what sold me!

This is definitely the app I was searching for so I can stay connected with the love of my life Rich Guzman and it’s completely safer than texting while driving. Now we see eachother every day while he is traveling and doing business at the same time I am making his day and he is making my day feel great. Suddenly, a friend of mine on Facebook asked what the heck is Glide Video Texting? and that is when I thought ooh! I could also share this app for fun with my online buddies, friends, and customers to stay in real-time connection with me like a walkie-talkie but with video. Soo Cool! to talk to a Facebook new or old connection that I haven’t talked or chatted with since 2008 and see their face and hear their voice as if I am right there in the room with them.  Awesome! way to establish and build relationships online.

You can download Glide to your smartphone to communicate with us here.

What is Glide App-Video Texting

(Demo on iPhone)                                                 (Demo on Android)

Founded and created by an Israeli communication company, Glide Talk. (Pretty neat name) This technology had the attention of two special and powerful men in the technology industry. The project raised up to $2 million dollars and thanks to the contribution of these two men who funded the project former ICQ and AOL Instant Messenger CEO, Orey Gilliam and Philippe Schwartz, founder and CEO of OoVoo instant messaging.
First of all, Glide App is an awesome free video messenger android app that will allow anyone who downloads it to send each other short video chat messages that can be seen live in real-time conversation or later on if you missed it. The Glide App has a special chime that lets the user know there is a message incoming as well. Even though Glide Video Texting is new it’s still patent pending with a few delays and bugs but it works great with Wifi and 4G areas.

Glide App Video Texting is currently available to use in connection to your Facebook, but the founders have announced recently that new updates are coming soon where it will be integrated on other most popular social networks. All the videos you record are saved and stored in a cloud based technology and you can always re-play them later to catch up on missed video calls. The Glide App has unlimited talk and unlimited text so unlike Twitter where you limited to 140 characters right…this doesn’t have that and you can send longer conversation text to your companion or friend.

How to Start A Chat on Glide App in Android

How to Start A Group Chat In Android

How to Refresh Your Page If It Get’s Stuck

How to Delete A Video Text Message

How to Leave A Conversation And Return To Home Screen

Pros to having Glide App Video Texting

Here are the pros to having this kind of app:

  • Safer to than texting and you can show yourself hanging out with the family or at a business meeting rather than text “Hey, I am at a meeting today!”
  • Faster than instant messaging with just a tap of your finger, send a instant video text message to your friend or client even if offline.
  • There is no need to wait for a green available light icon that tells you your contact is a online to talk like in Oovoo and Skype
  • Great conversation starter with old friends you haven’t spoken to in a long time.
  • You can create group chats of unlimited size.
  • No need to upload videos or download a video message.
  • Cloud technology so no need to take up data space.
  • Re-play saved videos anytime.
  • Now available for iPhone and Android users. 100% Free!

Cons to having Glide App Video Texting

Here is what I found to be the cons to this app:

  • Not compatible with all phones especially it doesn’t have iOS app’s function such as the flip of the camera.
  • Currently available for Facebook account users and syncs with all of your friends and contacts with your permission.
  • Must be in a Wifi area or 4G as the better the signal the best recordings.

My final conclusion with the Glide App Video Texting download is that I have been using this for over a month and I am totally addicted that now I use it for personal to stay in contact with friends and family as well as for business communication.  How do you like the Glide App so far?

Anastacia Hauldridge & Rich Guzman

If You’re Struggling To Generate Leads & Sign-Ups in Your MLM, Direct Sales or Affiliate Business… CLICK THE IMAGE BELOW TO WATCH MY FREE TRAINING. Thanks For Visiting & Please Come Back Again!

This entry was posted in Product review.

About Rich & Anastacia

Anastacia (Ace) Hauldridge and Rich Guzman are the "Internet Marketing Brainchild's" behind all the magic of, a blog focused on teaching people the foundation and skills of running a successful online business. Together they share their passion for helping aspiring entrepreneurs develop their marketing skills. They both share a common interest in beaches, fine dining, shopping, electronic trance music, romance and comedy. Together they live with their son in Massachusetts.


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Project 179 of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station - "A Study of the Agricultural Resources of Utah and their Utilization" - was set up in April 1936 as a state-wide project. The object of this project was to measure by areas the basic agricultural resources of the state and to translate the information collected into a program of more efficient use. The more specific objectives were: (1) classification of agricultural lands of Utah according to present and potential productivity and use; (2) determination of the net productive area of agricultural lands and water supply now available, or which may be developed; and (3) determination of the present use and methods of achieving utilization of land, water, and other resources as they relate to the welfare of the people of the state.

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64 Easy, Delicious Jamaican Christmas Recipes

new-gleaner-christmas-cookbook-2012A true Jamaican Christmas means food – lots of it and delicious too!

In a tradition that has endured though the ages, generations gather as family and friends, and the food is as hot a topic of discussion as the day’s current events or the latest family news.

These recipes in The Gleaner Christmas Cookbook 2012  are sure to please with easy to prepare, tasty Jamaican favourites and more.  When selecting ingredients, we encourage you to Eat Jamaican – local produce and local brands.

And remember, Jamaican coffee and tea are great with any meal.

For each recipe below, the link takes you straight to the page:

What’s your favourite Jamaican Christmas dish? We’d love to hear in the comments below.

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The Community of Disc Golfers and About All Things Disc Golf

Anyway today I took my son disc golfing today. He loves just being out in the stroller with me while I am throwing. Anyway I was throwing with another member of our local club and some casuals started playing behind us. They threw before we were done with a number of holes nearly hitting my son in the stroller and narrowly missing the other guy I was throwing with. If I am 400+ feet away and you know you cannot reach me by all means throw. But when you can obviously hit the people why?
Why the hell do you throw?

What would you do in this case? When they got close enough to use I told them not to throw on us again and they didn't but honestly wtf! I should never have had to say anything in the first place.

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I would ask them nicely the first time. then give them a what for if they continue.They should have more common sense, but its not so common anymore!
This sport, I believe is going thru a growth spurt, Lots of new casual players out and about...some just learning thier power curve.
Not enough seasoned players to go around....if it's feasible, print up the old school basic rules sheets, one page flyer....starts with ..."Be Earth Conscience....." yada yada ....and hand them out one day...if that don't work....throw back!! lol!! j/k
I think the common sense thing to do would have been to let them play through. If they threw on you several times, chances are they had to wait on you. I would be mad if I was behind someone playing slower than me and they didn't offer to let me play through. I wouldn't throw on them...especially if they had a stroller...as in your case. However, I think it could have been avoided if you had just let them play ahead of you.
common sense just really isnt all that common now is it. alot
of people are born without any "common sense" so i wouldnt
expect people i dont know to show it.next time let them play
thru and be done with it.
Key word on most of the posts. Is common sence. Problem is, it's not to common! I'm splitting hairs here, but I don't know of any casual player that throws 400' So you would think they would know about the rules? But you did the right thing. Inform them and just shake your head. I know the course in Golden Gate Park has a list of rules and common courtesy points at the first hole. That might help the people who have NO common sence.
Heck to give you an idea how ignant people are of this sport. We had to stop one family from using are basket as a BBQ. No lie, they had foil around the bottom and were dumping the coals into it!
Actually the course was close to being packed and there was a group in front of us that was slow. once we got passed them we only got thrown on once.
Of course you will probably call me a jerk but if someone almost hit my kid I would throw it right back or give it a big toss into the middle of a pond if near by. Nobody comes close to harming my kids and not pay.
I have to go with Chris and Cassidy here....you should never have to ask for someone not to throw in on you....that said I would have wanted to throw the darn thing back at them....but then you get in to fights and stuff and that is really not worth it...just let them pass...it is not about a learning curve...some people are just too stupid to care about what would happen...then there are those that get upset because the sport is growing so fast...the other day our club had its normal weekly round...we have had the round the same day at the same time for the past 4 years...this guy comes up drunk and is combative and says wtf...then says wouldn't you be PO if you played a whole round without anyone in front of you...I said no...my other flight members were like ummmm...they lied to the guy...I was like sorry man this is DG and you know it is going to be busy....so there are other things that will happen as the sport grows...we need to educate the different localities to these issues so that they can either continue to build new courses to alleviate congestion or we have to be pro-active and police the courses ourselves.
I had the same problem yesterday, except for the fact that this was 2 people who play in Tournaments. Within the first 4 holes I had already heard "Heads Up" and "Four" several times. I swear I think they were doing it on purpose. So what finally ended this was when I sent his disc flying across 4 lanes of traffic and over a house into the backyard across the street. Buttholes!!!! I would have just let them pass except for the fact that when we pulled into the parking lot they were both out of their cars , bags in hand just talking. Myself and the guy I was with warmed up for about 10 minutes and than proceeded to start our round. We weren't 200 ft. off the Tee pad when these 2 decided they would chuck them 400 ft. over us. While the entire time they could have started as we weren't hampering them from doing so. I think it just boils down to some people are truly Jerks! Needless to say I heard a few profanities and threats, so we just kept walking. Never did see them again after that? Guess it Peed their Cheerio's!!!
did they hit your son, is that what you said?.......I would do well to keep my emotions in check in that situation. I think they deserve a smack across the face.
i don't know the situation but,sometimes it's a cue to let them play through. if there was room in front of you,you can let them through and then when they are walking by ask them nicely not to throw at you.
It's an inevitability that, at some point, you'll stumble across the meatiest of meatheads out there. That's the way it goes. Whether they be casuals or course pros or picnickers or tandem bicyclists, every group has their idiots. Personally, I believe it stems from those people who just can't manage to see beyond themselves. Nowadays, it's all "me me me" with people. All people. I've been guilty of it myself. In fact, there isn't any one here who can say that they haven't been guilty of it at some juncture. ...But.... there's a difference between those of us who make an effort to be respectful and consider others, and those of us who consistently put ourselves first, and couldn't care less about those around us.

Here's where I think the solution lies. It's already been stated to no end that these people lack common sense. So, it only seems appropriate to assume that these people also wouldn't be aware of how rude and selfish they were being, what with their lack of common sense already being called into question. That is why they need to be told how they are acting, or more appropriately, how they are being percieved by those around them. It's not a fun job. I assume it would be much like having to tell an aquaintance about the booger protruding from their nose. Awkward for everybody. Yet still, if you don't tell them, they'll never know. No sense in being rude. Then you're no better than they are. Just kindly tell them about that unwritten code of conduct that should be expected of them and all disc golfers, and ask that they make more of an effort to follow it.

Sure, you'll have to occasionally deal with your stubborn, your pig-headed, your "hoilier than thou's", but at least they'll know that not everyone thinks they're so great, and perhaps that's the first step on their road to common sense.

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Engineers Seek To Design Space Probes Inspired By Insects

Nature's tricks could teach us a lot about other planets.

By Clive Thompson|Monday, October 24, 2005

NASA’s Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, dazzled the world with their journeys across the planet’s rusty landscape, but they have huge limitations: They can travel no more than about six miles during their entire life spans, and they are stuck on the surface. Mounting a serious search for water and signs of ancient life demands probes that can fan out over vast areas, both above and below ground, and poke into nooks and crannies. Several forward-looking NASA researchers say it is time to abandon the six-wheel-drive mind-set and design probes inspired by the original organic vehicles of exploration: bees, insects, and seeds.

MIT engineering professor Steven Dubowsky proposes creating a swarm of baseball-size probes that can be released by a mother ship several hundred feet above the Martian soil. They will then hop, bounce, and roll downhill to low ground, exploring gullies and penetrating open caves. If a probe gets stuck, a mechanical foot can pop out to bounce it off in a new direction. Because each probe will be cheap—Dubowsky estimates they can be mass-produced for $10 apiece—NASA could release 1,000 at a time and mimic the way trees scatter seeds: Only a tiny minority need to succeed.

“If you can get into the Martian caves, that’s where we’re most likely to find ice and life,” says Dubowsky, who has tested his concept by releasing prototype probes into caves on Earth. Such devices could also expand the range of manned missions: “Astronauts could carry them in backpacks and release them to explore deep ravines.”

John Manobianco, a director of advanced technology at Ensco, an engineering firm in Falls Church, Virginia, is working on a related concept in which swarms of probes waft down like dandelion seeds. He is designing featherweight, grapefruit-size hollow balls that can be dropped from a spacecraft or balloon, charting storms and other weather patterns as they descend. A related approach could prove useful on Earth as well. Manobianco has talked with Department of Defense officials about equipping similar, helium-filled devices with chemical sensors and minicameras to perform military surveillance.

NASA’s Tumbleweed concept spins another variant on the theme: 18-foot inflatable Kevlar balls that are so light they could be propelled across the ground solely by Martian winds. Smaller prototypes released at the South Pole and in Greenland traveled as far as 140 miles, about 40 times the distance each Mars rover has covered so far. When the Tumbleweeds encounter something that merits closer study, they can deflate to stop moving and deploy sensors. “We could even include generators inside that move when they roll, so you get power for the onboard instruments for free,” says Alberto Behar, a roboticist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

To cover still more terrain, engineers want to mimic birds, nature’s quintessential long-range travelers. One NASA-sponsored study sketches designs for probes crafted from sheets of electroactive polymer, which can change its shape to twist and flap like a thrush’s wings. On slow-rotating Venus, a solar-powered flapping machine could fly continuously for months in the cool upper atmosphere, above the planet’s sulfuric-acid clouds. “There’s even been speculation that the upper part of Venus is where you could find life,” says Anthony Colozza of NASA’s Glenn Research Center, who is working on the robots.

Probes like these are just drawing-board concepts. Six-wheeled robots are likely to remain the mainstay of space exploration for the next few missions. “Unseating the thinking that you can do anything with something other than rovers is probably the biggest challenge right now,” Manobianco says wryly. But NASA is considering airplanes and balloons for its post-2011 Mars missions as well as for other destinations ill suited to wheels. Landers on small bodies like comets and asteroids might require tethers, while a proposed voyage to seek life on Europa might include a submarine to swim through that moon’s putative ice-covered ocean.

Robert Frisbee is a senior engineer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and one of the agency’s top brainstormers. He likes to examine the plausibility of futuristic propulsion systems that could accelerate space travel and even take us to the stars.

What do we need to get back to the moon and on to Mars?
If you’re just going to the moon, you can use chemical propulsion. For longer distances, the problem is that chemical fuels are so heavy. If we were exploring the United States of 200 years ago the way we explore space now, we’d have a mule and a wagon, but we would have to carry all the food and water for the mule with us! So we need to figure out how to make propellant along the way—like from water ice on the moon or on Mars. Then you don’t have to carry all the propellant you need to get back home.

Chemical rockets would take more than two years to go to Mars and back. What’s faster?
A nuclear-thermal rocket—a fission reactor that heats hydrogen to 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit—gives you an exhaust velocity twice as fast as the best chemical rocket. You could do a round-trip from Earth orbit to lunar orbit and back in 24 hours. For Mars it’s twice as fast as a chemical rocket: a round-trip in about one year. That’s short enough that you probably could get away with having everyone at zero g without any bad health effects.

Is there an even faster way to travel?
If we ever perfect nuclear fusion, a fusion rocket could do a round-trip to Mars in about three or four months. You could get to Jupiter in a year. All we have to do is make nuclear fusion work—and that, as they say, is left as an exercise for the students.

The Planetary Society recently tried launching a solar sail. Do sails make sense?
They don’t require any fuel, and they’re great for hauling cargo. Solar sails are a promising way of doing an interstellar precursor mission. If you had to do it using a regular rocket engine, you’d need an enormous amount of propellant. With a solar sail, you just fly very close to the sun, turn the sails face on toward the sun, and let the sunlight pressure blast you out of the solar system.

What about better ways of getting off the ground in the first place?
You could build a space elevator [a cable running from Earth’s surface 22,000 miles up]. The disadvantage is that it’s like building the entire interstate highway system before the first car could travel on it. But once it is built, the operating cost would be dollars per kilogram to put something into orbit. Today the cost is around $10,000 a kilogram. You could also have a spaceship on a maglev rail going up the side of a mountain at 45 degrees. When it gets going up to almost Mach 1, the vehicle cuts loose and rockets into orbit.

What are the really far-out propulsion ideas?
There’s the old Captain Kirk favorite: antimatter. A collision of matter and antimatter has an exhaust velocity of about a third the speed of light. Maybe we’ll have a breakthrough in physics that allows crazy stuff like wormholes and warp drives. Or maybe nature’s going to be a stinker and say, “No, you can’t do that—here’s why.”

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Diagonally Made Cloths

This page contains dishcloths made on the diagonal. Unless otherwise noted they are knitted.

More Diagonally made cloths can be found here.

8 inch Garter Stitch Bias Square-about 1/4 of the way down. Not designed for a dishcloth, but makes a very good easy one when made with cotton yarn.

Bunny Dishcloth

Corner to Corner Dishcloth-( C )

Diagonal Cloth With Scallop Edge-( C )

Diagonal Bee Dishcloth

Diagonal Bee Stitch Cloth

Diagonal Dishcloth of Summer-( C )

Diagonal Garter Stripe Cloth

Diagonal Owl

Diagonal Penguin Dishcloth

Diagonal Squirrel Dishcloth

Diagonal Stripes Dishcloth-( C )

Diamond Dishcloth-( C )

Eyeletless Diagonal Garter Cloth

Hills and Valleys

Multidirectional Diagonal Dishcloth

Not Your Ordinary Knitted Dishcloth

Penguin Dishcloth

Textured Dish Cloth Pattern-( C )

2 responses to “Diagonally Made Cloths

  1. Thanks for that first link. I’d never seen that blog before. When I get a free moment (hehe) I’ll enjoy perusing it to find something interesting to make. :-)

  2. Thanks for the concise list of dishcloth pattern links. I can’t believe that there is a website all about knitting dishcloths. That’s pretty cool.

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Junk DNA Not So Junky After All

Picture: Annso2505 (CC)

Surprise, surprise: we don’t know everything about the human genome just yet.

A five-year project called ENCODE, for “Encyclopedia of DNA Elements,” found that about 80 percent of the human genome is biologically active, influencing how nearby genes are expressed and in which types of cells. It’s not junk DNA, which was previously thought — instead, these non-coding regions of DNA could have major bearing on diseases and genetic mutations, researchers say.

The project will rewrite the textbooks, turning the architectural blueprint of the human genome into a control schematic and instruction manual that explains how genes turn on and off. These rules dictate anything from embryonic development to the process of aging.

Of course, developing a working knowledge of the genetic “instruction manual” could be used for good or evil: Cures for the genetic diseases that have plagued mankind forever, or phenome-targeted biological weapons and Gene-tweaked super soldiers?

, ,

  • TennesseeCyberian

    This has interesting implications for evolutionary theory, particularly the mainstream Darwinian argument against evidence of intelligent design.  Just as the blind spot in the eye was considered evidence of piecemeal “design,” so Darwinian proponents cited so-called “junk DNA” as evidence that evolution is an inefficient, accident-prone, and yet somehow effective process.

    Now that it has been shown that around 80% of the genetic code is functional, that argument is toast.  Since scientists have only fully investigated the function of non-protein-coding regions in (from memory) about 147 types of cells, it is quite likely that studies on the thousands of other cells will show that closer to 100% of DNA is functional.  That’s pretty solid efficiency.

    Also, as I understand it, the approximately 98% kinship humans have with chimpanzees is based on protein-coding regions.  I wonder how species-specific the remainder will prove to be.

    • http://hormeticminds.blogspot.com/ Chaorder Gradient

      I always thought the only argument against intelligent design you needed is that the argument starts from the conclusion rather than from the evidence.

      • TennesseeCyberian

        There are tons of good arguments against Intelligent Design, but you make an excellent point.

        Your statement is true in many instances, but many ID advocates and Darwin critics argue from the other direction. And of course, there are Darwinians (Darwin not included) who argue their cases by beginning with materialism and working back to the most likely causes of life.

        Either way, I’d say that the direction of reasoning is less important than supporting facts. If I’m not mistaken, even Einstein intuited the theory of relativity before formulating and supporting the equation.

        • Candysue

           good arguments against intelligent design? I hope someday mankind sees the pathetic nature of that sentence. it really cracks me up to think we are that ignorant.

          • Candysue

            especially when we feel the need to believe that by some equation that we have come up with. Common sense will tell you alone. I remember university teaching us that aliens could not exist cause of an equation that someone came up with.
            our species is one pathetic confused animal. even the most common sense stuff (even tho we might not be able to explain it) seems to be turned around into this bizarre fantasy we think we have all the answers to.

  • http://hormeticminds.blogspot.com/ Chaorder Gradient

    This is really funny because just today I read an article on the same subject. Except its main topic is about how changing definitions warp our understandings of things, and that “80%” figure is… speculative at best.

    Given, of course, my gut goes with the idea that there is very little in the genome that can be defined as “junk” and should more properly be defined as “unknown”.

    Theres also the consideration of genetics effecting things outside the simple maintenance of the organism itself, and effects its environment. For example, If i remember right, rice has a huge amount of genetic information in comparison to humans, and there’s the possibility that much of its genetic information serves only a purpose after its been consumed.

    • Sandy Squatch

      Famous Last Words:

      “And I had so many spare parts left over!”

    • steve steve

       OMG dude your reply is longer than the article. We don’t care. No no really we all got together and agreed you talk to much. A response should never be longer than one third of what the article is. See I’m not even 1/3 of you wrote.

      • Calypso_1

        & not even 1/100 as informed on the topic.

      • http://hormeticminds.blogspot.com/ Chaorder Gradient

        Why so angry? To be fair, you’re wrong. Your response was WAY too long to just say TLDR.

  • Monkey See Monkey Do

    Interesting theory on junk DNA by Graham Hancock.

  • Ugly Guy

    I didn’t realize this was news.  I recall learning similar in a microbiology class several years ago.  It’s nothing new.  This happens again and again in our exploration of our bodies and even the universe – that things once thought to serve no purpose have a purpose, and that empty spaces aren’t so empty.

    • Calypso_1

      Your right, it’s nothing new, these ‘junk’ regions have been being picked apart for a while – it takes time. Scientists don’t actually sit around thinking about those regions as ‘junk’, just unexplored or not fitting into current models.  Yes , there are parts of DNA that are detritus, left overs, etc.  But no one has truly thought that all these unexplored areas are anything but that.
      Most scientists work on incredibly specific tasks.  No one wants to talk about Interleukin 6-mediated up-regulation of bcl-xL.  It’s the media that picks up on buzzwords and runs with them,  no different than ‘God Particle’  or ‘Global Warming’ without having an underlying comprehension of what the scientific work really is…because neither does the majority of the public who are woefully uneducated in the sciences.

  • Jesus Borg

    I think intelligent design makes sense. Atheists just get all paranoid about it. But depending on how you define “intelligent” and “design” it could mean any number of things. I just think of it as the genome has having some fucking clue as to what is going on as it goes along, accumulated from millions of years of “expiriments”

    That makes a lot of people uncomfortable that would prefer everything to be basically a dead mindless machine, outside their own mind in their little solipsitic atheist fantasy land.

Scientists Convert A 53,000-Word Book Into DNA

Peter Pachal reports for Mashable: In a scientific first, Harvard University researches successfully transformed a 53,426-word book into DNA, the same substance that provides the genetic template for all living...


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Angela Dillon came to the Divinity School staff in April of 2006. She holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Religion with a minor in Pastoral Ministry from Trevecca Nazarene University located in Nashville. She began her work at the Divinity School in the Administrative Office (Dean’s Suite) as the office assistant and then moved down the hall to work in the Admissions Office. Outside of work Angela enjoys reading, cheering for the Pittsburgh Steelers & Ohio State Buckeyes, spending time with family & vacationing at the beach.


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Home Improvement Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for contractors and serious DIYers. It's 100% free, no registration required.

I (a beginner) would like to build a table of this form.

Table view Table view corner Table view underside

Does anyone know what kind of corners are used to connect the legs, or any other construction tips.

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Visit Ikea to discover a wide variety of similar type "joinery". –  DA01 Jun 12 '12 at 18:27

1 Answer 1

It could possibly be done using Mortise and Tenon joints, however, it looks like this table simply uses Hanger Bolts.

enter image description here

If you look at a picture from the bottom of the table,

enter image description here

you'll notice there are holes bored in the underside of the table top. This is likely where the nut would be attached to the bolt, which is in turn screwed into the leg.

share|improve this answer
And I wouldn't put too much faith in a table built using this technique, personally. The entire load of the table is relying on the shear strength of four little bolts... –  The Evil Greebo Jun 12 '12 at 17:25
@TheEvilGreebo: Presumably the table top is resting on top of all four legs. –  Vebjorn Ljosa Jun 12 '12 at 17:33
Look at the pictures closely - the table top is notched with a 1/4 round cutout to fit the legs, and the legs are topped level with the top of the table. It's possible that there is a mortice joint hidden inside that cutout that's simply secured by the hangar bolt but I wouldn't bet on it without actual disassembly of the table. –  The Evil Greebo Jun 12 '12 at 17:42
Actually, in the image shown, the table top is simply bolted to the side of the table leg. While it's possible to design a table with bolt-on legs where the legs themselves actually pick up the weight (my kitchen table has legs that use hangar bolts to attach to a frame under the tabletop), it's not mandatory and I've seen many a coffee table with exposed leg tops. –  KeithS Jun 12 '12 at 17:43
Getting a hanger bolt design like that to work properly is NOT a good task for a first timer. Those angled holes in the tabletop are going to be a major pain to do right the first time, four times in a row. Once those are in correctly, the legs are not going to just automatically line up for tightening at exactly the right height and angle. Whoever built the example table likely had a fancy jig and drill set made expressly for the purpose. –  Wayfaring Stranger Jun 12 '12 at 23:45

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text:
Stanford judge OKs interim distribution to victims

• See the court document posted here for the judge’s order.

DALLAS, Texas – Victims of fraudster R. Allen Stanford’s Ponzi scheme will get about 1 cent per dollar lost when his financial empire crashed in early 2009.
U.S. District Judge David C. Godbey on Thursday accepted the plan by Ralph Janvey, the receiver appointed in 2009 to marshal and liquidate Stanford’s personal and business assets, to make a $55 million interim distribution to about 17,000 claimants, or about 1 cent per dollar for the $5.1 billion lost in the fraud scheme.
“We will follow it up in a subsequent distribution as the money comes in,” Janvey’s attorney, Kevin Sadler of Baker Botts LLP, told Godbey at a court hearing in April.
The court agreed that payments will be made pro rata, equal to the percentage of their allowed claims stated in previously “notices of determination.” Victims should expect to get notices from the receiver about how to participate.
By comparison, Ponzi scheme victims of Bernard L. Madoff, who was arrested in December 2008, recovered more than $5.4 billion. Clients of the MF Global Inc. brokerage were paid about $4.9 billion after its parent, MF Global Holdings Ltd., failed in October 2011. Victims of a scheme by Peregrine Financial Group Inc. founder Russell Wasendorf, who prosecutors last year said stole $215 million, received an interim distribution of $123 million.
Prosecutors and agents for the receiver admit few Stanford assets were left to liquidate for victims because he spent so much on lavish homes, yachts and a playboy lifestyle.
Scores of Mississippians were among the investors as customers through Stanford offices in Tupelo, Jackson and Memphis.
They lost their life savings and retirement funds when their certificate of deposit investments became worthless with the collapse of the Houston, Texas-based company.
• Read more details in Saturday’s Daily Journal.


text:
Chester, Liverpool and Manchester Web Design

SEO Advice

Search engine optimization [SEO]

Do you want your site to be at the top of Google®? Most people pay for adverts to be listed on the first page. This can be very expensive, you may be charged £1 per click. So a busy site could cost you £500 per day, which is a massive £182,500 per year!

Our service

We will monitor your sites current key word placements and then provide you with a document of recommendations to help you increase your search engine traffic. All our methods are designed to be cost effective, we know the secrets to top search engine placement without spending anything! It can all be done with site modifications and a little bit of hard work.

Test case

We designed a site for John Alexander-Head in the UK. He provides home surveys for people buying and selling property. Advertising costs in the property sector are very expensive. The brief was to get to the top of searches and provide a site that would get the visitors to call the telephone number. In this case the site did not have to be complex. It just has to have a high conversion rate of visitors to phone calls.

Top 10 Google® results on GOOGLE.CO.UK

  • epc warwickshire
  • epc redditch
  • home survey warwickshire
  • house survey warwickshire
  • house survey redditch
  • house survey wychavon
  • home condition survey
  • home condition survey warwickshire
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Return on investment

Making your site work well with Google® makes great business sense. A well designed site should not have to pay for adverts. This will keep your overheads low and your profits high.

We can help improve an existing site’s search positions or design a site from the very start to rocket it way to the top of the results.


text:
Cover and front matter

KEY: (P) Proposal; (RP) Revised Proposal; (E) Emergency; (EP) Emergency and Proposal; (A) Adoption; (AA) Amended Adoption; (W) Withdrawal

Effective with the October 25, 2006 issue of the Register, in compliance with Chapter 230 of the Laws of 2006, individuals may send public comment via electronic mail to those recipients who provided an e-mail address in Notices of Proposed Rule Making. This includes Proposed, Emergency Proposed, Revised Proposed and Emergency Revised Proposed rule makings. Instructions

Rule Making Activities

Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services, Office of
1 / Detoxification of Substance and Stabilization Services (E)
4 / Detoxification and Substances and Stabilization Services (W)
Economic Development, Department of
4 / Empire Zones Reform (E)
Environmental Conservation, Department of
6 / Hunting Wild Turkey (A)
9 / Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Limits for 11 New Consumer Products Categories and Revisions for One Existing Category (P)
Health, Department of
13 / Fingerprinting and Criminal Background Check Requirements (CBCR) for Unescorted Access to
Radioactive Materials (A)
Insurance Department
14 / Excess Line Placements Governing Standards (P)
Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, Office of
18 / Trend Factors for 2009 (E)
Motor Vehicles, Department of
20 / Slow-Moving Emblems and Lighting Equipment on Agricultural Vehicles (A)
Public Service Commission
20 / Transfer of Property (A)
21 / Major Electric Rate Filing (P)
21 / Minor Rate Filing (P)
State, Department of
21 / Firefighter Training (E)
State University of New York

23 / Traffic and Parking Regulations at the State University of New York College at Delhi (A)
Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority
23 / To Enact a New Crossing Charge Schedule for Use of Bridges and Tunnels Operated by Triborough Bridge & Tunnel Authority (EP)
Hearings Schedule for Proposed Rule Makings / 25
Action Pending Index / 27

Advertisements for Bidders/Contractors
75 / Notice to Bidders
75 / Sealed Bids

Notice of Availability of State and Federal Funds
81 / Children and Family Services, Office of
81 / Health, Department of
81 / Homeland Security, Office of

Miscellaneous Notices/Hearings
83 / Notice of Abandoned Property Received by the State Comptroller
83 / Public Notice

Appendix / 85


text:
Skip Headers

Oracle9i Database Performance Tuning Guide and Reference
Release 2 (9.2)

Part Number A96533-02
Go to Documentation Home
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Book List
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Master Index
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Oracle Tools to Gather Database Statistics

This chapter explains why performance data gathering is important, and it describes how to use available Oracle tools.

This chapter contains the following sections:

Overview of Tools

Effective data collection and analysis is essential for identifying and correcting system performance problems. Oracle provides a number of tools that allow a performance engineer to gather information regarding instance and database performance.

Principles of Data Gathering

To effectively diagnose a performance problem, it is vital to have an established performance baseline for later comparison when the system is running poorly. Without a baseline data point, it can be very difficult to identify new problems. For example, perhaps the volume of transactions on the system has increased, or the transaction profile or application has changed, or the number of users has increased.

Although Oracle Enterprise Manager, Statspack and BSTAT/ESTAT, and the V$ views have different interfaces (GUI, command line, SQL), the majority of data they collect and report on is extracted from the V$ views. Because the V$ views are based on memory-resident data, when an instance is shut down, the data related to the instance is lost.

In order to perform analysis of data from one day to the next, data visible through the V$ views must be saved. On each instance startup, the memory resident V$ views are reinitialized; hence, to determine what has changed within any particular period, you must calculate the difference in the performance data. This is done by subtracting the statistic values at the beginning of the period from the statistic values at the end of the period. This gives you the activity of the instance during that period, or the delta.The delta of each statistic can then be normalized (for example, over seconds or over transactions).

The delta of all statistics for a period of time can be considered a baseline, assuming the response time and operations performed on the instance were representative of some typical load on your system (that is, batch, online, or both).

Each of the tools Oracle provides (except for the V$ views themselves) has a mechanism for saving this data and for determining the delta.

It is also important to gather operating system and network statistics. These can then be correlated with the Oracle performance data. If you are using Statspack, BSTAT/ESTAT, or your own tool, you should devise a mechanism for collecting operating system statistics. With Oracle Enterprise Manager, this capability is built-in.

Interpreting Statistics

When initially examining performance data, you can formulate potential theories by examining your statistics. One way to ensure that your interpretation of the statistics is correct is to perform cross-checks with other data. This establishes whether a statistic or event is really of interest.

Some pitfalls are discussed in the following sections:

Oracle Enterprise Manager Diagnostics Pack

Oracle Enterprise Manager (EM) Diagnostics Pack captures related operating system, middle-tier, and application performance data, in addition to instance performance data, allowing end-to-end diagnostics.

The Diagnostics Pack can automatically analyze this performance data, display it in a graphical interface, and use alerts to immediately direct you to any performance problems. You can be alerted automatically through email or page when a problem is detected. Oracle Enterprise Manager also includes an integrated diagnostics methodology that uses guided drilldowns and expert advice to help you quickly resolve performance issues. Figure 20-1 is a screen of the Oracle Performance Manager.

Figure 20-1 Oracle Performance Manager

Text description of emperfmgr1.gif follows.

Text description of the illustration emperfmgr1.gif

EM also lets you store the captured data in a separate performance repository database. You can store the performance data for multiple databases in the same repository.

The EM Intelligent Agent data gathering service collects performance data on a scheduled basis. A single agent can manage the data collections for all Oracle databases and the operating system of the target node. The data is automatically stored in an historical data repository for performance reporting. Data stored in the repository can be used to analyze many facets of database performance, such as database load, cache allocations and efficiency, resource contention, and high-impact SQL.

Performance data collections can be initiated directly from the EM Console or through the Capacity Planner application of the Oracle Enterprise Manager Diagnostics Pack. HTML reports of historical performance data can be generated from the EM Console. These reports provide a comprehensive analysis of database system usage and performance, which can be easily accessed and navigated from a browser. EM also provides a graphical real-time Performance Overview for monitoring a subset of these performance metrics using line charts, bar graphs, and so forth.

The Performance Overview charts let you troubleshoot existing performance problems by drilling into performance data to track down the source of a performance bottleneck. For example, a decline in the memory sort percentage can be immediately investigated by drilling down to the sessions and corresponding SQL responsible for high volume sort activity. High-impact SQL statements discovered through this process can be further investigated by launching SQL diagnostic tools in the context of the problem.

See Also:

Statspack fundamentally differs from the well known UTLBSTAT/UTLESTAT tuning scripts by collecting more information, and by storing the performance statistics data permanently in Oracle tables, which can later be used for reporting and analysis. The data collected can be analyzed using the report provided, which includes an instance health and load summary page, high resource SQL statements, as well as the traditional wait events and initialization parameters.

See Also:

Chapter 21, "Using Statspack"

V$ Performance Views

The V$ views are the performance information sources used by all Oracle performance tuning tools. The V$ views are based on memory structures initialized at instance startup. The memory structures, and the views that represent them, are automatically maintained by Oracle throughout the life of the instance.

See Also:

Chapter 24, "Dynamic Performance Views for Tuning"

If you choose not to use an Oracle tool to gather your performance data, then you need to develop your own. You need to save data from the required performance views to a structure on disk, so that the data can be analyzed and compared with other data collected. Because there are multiple collections, you need a key to identify each collection. This method is very similar to the method used by Statspack.

The following is an example of how to save performance data from a single V$ view to an Oracle table. To implement your own collection tool, you must perform a similar collection mechanism for all essential V$ views.

Oracle recommends using Oracle Enterprise Manager Diagnostics Pack or Statspack to gather performance data. These tools have been designed to capture all of the data needed for performance analysis.

Example - Saving File I/O Data

The following example creates a table that stores the collection data. The table has all V$FILESTAT columns and also includes the collection ID column and the collection date column. A sample SQL statement that reports the delta in this table for the first two collections has also been included.

Create the table, and insert the first data collection:

CREATE TABLE coll_filestat AS
  SELECT 1       coll_id       -- collection number
       , sysdate coll_date     -- collection date
       , fs.*

ALTER TABLE coll_filestat add
   (CONSTRAINT coll_filestat PRIMARY KEY (coll_id, file#));

At the end of the interval, insert second collection:

 INSERT INTO coll_filestat
 SELECT 2                      -- collection number
       , sysdate               -- collection date
       , fs.*

In order to insert any other collections, you need to keep the collection ID key unique. This could be done using a sequence number. (The sequence number should have value for all V$ views captured in one collection.)

To query for high I/O tablespaces:

SELECT t.tablespace_name
      ,   SUM(fs2.phyrds-fs1.phyrds)
        / MAX(86400*(fs2.coll_date-fs1.coll_date)) "Rd/sec"
      ,   SUM(fs2.phyblkrd-fs1.phyblkrd)
        / MAX(86400*(fs2.coll_date-fs1.coll_date)) "Blk/sec"
      ,   SUM(fs2.phywrts-fs1.phywrts)
        / MAX(86400*(fs2.coll_date-fs1.coll_date)) "Wr/sec"
      ,   SUM(fs2.phyblkwrt-fs1.phyblkwrt)
        / MAX(86400*(fs2.coll_date-fs1.coll_date)) "Blk/sec"
   FROM coll_filestat fs1, coll_filestat fs2, dba_data_files t
  WHERE fs2.file#   = fs1.file#
    AND fs2.coll_id = fs1.coll_id + 1
    AND t.file_id   = fs2.file#
  GROUP BY t.tablespace_name
  ORDER BY sum(fs2.phyblkrd+fs2.phyblkwrt-fs1.phyblkrd-fs1.phyblkwrt) DESC;

The following is a sample output from the preceding select statement:

TABLESPACE_N Rd/sec Blk/sec Wr/sec Blk/sec
------------ ------ ------- ------ -------
AP_T_02       287.1  2245.7     .0      .0
PO_T_01       313.5   650.6     .2      .2
RECEIVABLE_T  401.0   613.8    2.4     2.4
INV_T_01      154.3   155.3     .0      .0
APPLSYS_T_01   63.3   139.6     .4      .4
PA_T_01       102.3   102.3     .0      .0
SO_I_01        63.4    63.4   34.5    34.5
TEMP            2.3    45.0    1.9    47.0
RECEIVABLE_I   73.0    73.0     .1      .1
AP_T_03        69.3    69.3     .0      .0
RECEIVABLE_I   65.1    65.1    1.9     1.9
SO_T_01        54.0    57.8    2.9     2.9
SYSTEM         45.2    59.0     .3      .3
PER_T_01       48.0    58.7     .0      .0
AP_T_01        12.9    51.0     .2      .2
SO_T_03        43.0    43.0    1.2     1.2
PER_I_01       30.8    30.8     .0      .0
FA_T_01        22.3    22.3     .0      .0
INV_I_01       20.7    20.7     .7      .7
PO_I_01        19.5    19.5     .7      .7
GSR_T_01       19.2    19.2     .4      .4
INV_I_03       18.3    18.3     .0      .0
ROLL_01         1.4     1.4   14.7    14.7
PA_I_01        14.3    14.3     .2      .2


text:
Getting Started with Oracle Identity Management
site map
Technical illustration showing Oracle Identity Management Products
Welcome to Oracle Identity Management

The Oracle Identity Management products enable you to manage data about users, devices, and services in an accurate, secure, and cost-effective manner. You use these products to configure and manage the identity data, to synchronize or combine data from different sources, and to share data between domains. These products also enable you to ensure that only users with valid credentials can access online resources.Oracle offers a variety of Identity Management products. Four of these products are included in Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g Release 1.

What do you want to do?

If you are new to Oracle Identity Management, be sure to visit theLearn the basics about Oracle Identity Management 11g Release 1 section. It will introduce you to terms and concepts essential to using the Suite.


text:
The package-appclient script does not work if domain1 is not present. (ID 6171458)

By default, there is a hard-coded value in $INSTALL/lib/package-appclient.xml for the AS_ACC_CONFIG variable for domain1 that is pointed to by asenv.conf. If domain1 is deleted and a new domain created, the AS_ACC_CONFIG variable is not updated with the new domain name, which causes the package-appclient script to fail.

Do one of the following:

Cannot restore backed-up domain with another name. (ID 6196993)

Mirroring of a domain on the same Application Server installation cannot be performed using the backup-domain and restore-domain commands because the domain cannot be restored using a different name than the original, even though the asadmin restore-domain command provides an option to rename the domain. Renaming the backed-up domain appears to succeed, but attempts to start the renamed domain fail because the entries in the domain configuration are not changed, and startserv and stopserv use the original domain name to set paths.

The domain name used for restore-domain must be the same as that used for the original backup-domain command. The backup-domain and restore-domain commands in Application Server 8.2 work only for backing up and restoring the same domain on the same machine.

Starting Application Server with additional JMX Agent is not supported. (ID 6200011)

J2SE 1.4.x, 5.0, or later can be configured on the Application Server. An integral feature of J2SE 5.0 platform is the ability to start a JMX agent. This is activated when you explicitly set system properties at the server startup.

Example values include:

name="com.sun.management.jmxremote" value="true"
name="com.sun.management.jmxremote.port" value="9999"
name="com.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate" value="false"
name="com.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl" value="false"

After configuring JMX properties and starting the server, a new jmx-connector server is started within the Application Server VM. An undesirable side-effect of this is that the administration functions are affected adversely, and the Application Server administration GUI and CLI may produce unexpected results. The problem is that there are some conflicts between the built in jmx-connector server and the new jmx-connector server.

If using jconsole (or any other JMX-compliant client), consider reusing the standard JMX Connector Server that is started with Application Server startup.

When the server starts up, a line similar to the one shown below appears in the server.log. You can connect to the JMXServiceURL specified there and perform the same management/configuration operations after successfully providing the credentials; for example:

system.tools.admin|_ThreadID=10;|ADM1501: Here is the JMXServiceURL for the
JMXConnectorServer: [service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://hostname:8686/management/
rmi-jmx-connector]. This is where the remote administrative clients should
connect using the JSR 160 JMX Connectors.|#]

For more information, refer to the Sun Java System Application Server 8.2 Administration Guide.

Cannot redeploy or undeploy the web module that is the default web module of any virtual server. (ID 6204799)

If the web module is specified as the default web module of a virtual server, and you try to redeploy or undeploy it, you will get the following error:

Trying to undeploy application from domain failed; Virtual Servers [server]
have <WEB-MODULE-NAME\> as default web module. Please remove the default web
module references first. ; requested operation cannot be completed Virtual
Servers [server] have <WEB-MODULE-NAME\> as default web module. Please
remove the default web module references first.

At this point, domain.xml is in an error state, and the Admin Console may not be able to display the table that shows the deployed web applications. The condition will persist even if the domain is stopped and started again.

Change the default web module.

ProcedureTo change the default web module

  1. Using the Admin Console, go to the virtual server page, and change the default web module to empty or specify another web module.

  2. Using the CLI, undeploy the web module by specifying domain as the target.

    # asadmin undeploy --target domain <WEB-MODULE-NAME\>

    The Admin Console should be fine now, and the web module can be deployed again, if desired.

FrameworkError exception after deploying a WAR and JAR to PE server via the AMX API in the Application Server GUI. (ID 6201462)

When an application is deployed on PE using the AMX API and not referenced, the Application Server GUI throws errors while displaying that application. AMX requires that you explicitly handle references for your applications. For example, when an application is deployed, the DeployedItemRefConfig needs to be explicitly created. To simplify the deployment process, references are assumed to be present in PE, which in turn causes the issue with Application Server GUI.

Always create the reference to a resource or application after creating it.

The Administration Console functionality for selecting cipher suites is not working correctly. (ID 6654726)

When selecting Http-Listeners "Support All Cipher Suites,? the check boxes are disabled, but become enabled again when the page is refreshed, even though the "Support All..." box is checked. Although this might seem to be a problem, after a certificate nickname has been entered and Save has been clicked, the changes are written to the configuration.

No action required. The changes have been saved.


text:
man pages section 9: DDI and DKI Kernel Functions

Exit Print View

Updated: July 2014

scsi_init_pkt - prepare a complete SCSI packet

#include <sys/scsi/scsi.h>

struct scsi_pkt *scsi_init_pkt(struct scsi_address *ap,
     struct scsi_pkt *pktp, struct buf *bp, int cmdlen, int statuslen,
     int privatelen, int flags, int (*callback)(caddr_t), caddr_t arg);

Interface Level

Solaris DDI specific (Solaris DDI).

Pointer to a scsi_address(9S) structure.

A pointer to a scsi_pkt(9S) structure.

Pointer to a buf(9S) structure.

The required length for the SCSI command descriptor block (CDB) in bytes.

The required length for the SCSI status completion block (SCB) in bytes. Valid values are:

No status back.

Return SCSI status byte.

Return status information in a scsi_arq_status structure. This will include up to 20 bytes of sense data. Please refer to scsi_arq_status(9S) for more information.

For extra sense packets (PKT_XARQ flag asserted), set statuslen to be a greater number like, (N + sizeof(struct scsi_arq_status)) where N is the number of extra bytes beyond the default 20. For example, N=1 requests 21 bytes of sense, N=235 asks for 255 bytes.

The required length for the pkt_private area.

Flags modifier.

A pointer to a callback function, NULL_FUNC, or SLEEP_FUNC.

The callback function argument.

Target drivers use scsi_init_pkt() to request the transport layer to allocate and initialize a packet for a SCSI command which possibly includes a data transfer. If pktp is NULL, a new scsi_pkt(9S) is allocated using the HBA driver's packet allocator. The bp is a pointer to a buf(9S) structure. If bp is non-NULL and contains a valid byte count, the buf(9S) structure is also set up for DMA transfer using the HBA driver DMA resources allocator. When bp is allocated by scsi_alloc_consistent_buf(9F), the PKT_CONSISTENT bit must be set in the flags argument to ensure proper operation. If privatelen is non-zero then additional space is allocated for the pkt_private area of the scsi_pkt(9S). On return pkt_private points to this additional space. Otherwise pkt_private is a pointer that is typically used to store the bp during execution of the command. In this case pkt_private is NULL on return.

The flags argument is a set of bit flags. Possible bits include:

This must be set if the DMA buffer was allocated using scsi_alloc_consistent_buf(9F). In this case, the HBA driver will guarantee that the data transfer is properly synchronized before performing the target driver's command completion callback.

This may be set if the driver can accept a partial DMA mapping. If set, scsi_init_pkt() will allocate DMA resources with the DDI_DMA_PARTIAL bit set in the dmar_flag element of the ddi_dma_req(9S) structure. The pkt_resid field of the scsi_pkt (9S) structure may be returned with a non-zero value, which indicates the number of bytes for which scsi_init_pkt() was unable to allocate DMA resources. In this case, a subsequent call to scsi_init_pkt() may be made for the same pktp and bp to adjust the DMA resources to the next portion of the transfer. This sequence should be repeated until the pkt_resid field is returned with a zero value, which indicates that with transport of this final portion the entire original request will have been satisfied.

Setting this flag requests that the HBA return extra sense data for this scsi_pkt(9S). The default auto request sense mechanism returns up to 20 bytes. More than 20 bytes of sense data can be requested by setting this flag and setting the statuslen correctly. Set the statuslen to be the sizeof(struct scsi_arq_status) plus the number of sense bytes needed beyond 20. For example, set statuslen to be (sizeof(struct scsi_arq_status) + 5) for 25 bytes of sense.

When calling scsi_init_pkt() to move already-allocated DMA resources, the cmdlen, statuslen, and privatelen fields are ignored.

The last argument arg is supplied to the callback function when it is invoked.

callback indicates what the allocator routines should do when resources are not available:

Do not wait for resources. Return a NULL pointer.

Wait indefinitely for resources.

Other Values

callback points to a function which is called when resources may have become available. callback must return either 0 (indicating that it attempted to allocate resources but again failed to do so), in which case it is put back on a list to be called again later, or 1 indicating either success in allocating resources or indicating that it no longer cares for a retry.

When allocating DMA resources, scsi_init_pkt() returns the scsi_pkt field pkt_resid as the number of residual bytes for which the system was unable to allocate DMA resources. A pkt_resid of 0 means that all necessary DMA resources were allocated.

Return Values

The scsi_init_pkt() function returns NULL if the packet or DMA resources could not be allocated. Otherwise, it returns a pointer to an initialized scsi_pkt(9S). If pktp was not NULL the return value will be pktp on successful initialization of the packet.

If callback is SLEEP_FUNC, then this routine can be called only from user or kernel context. Otherwise, it can be called from user, interrupt, or kernel context. The callback function may not block or call routines that block.

Example 1 Allocating a Packet Without DMA Resources Attached

To allocate a packet without DMA resources attached, use:

pkt = scsi_init_pkt(&devp->sd_address, NULL, NULL, CDB_GROUP1,
        1, sizeof (struct my_pkt_private *), 0,
        sd_runout, sd_unit);
Example 2 Allocating a Packet With DMA Resources Attached

To allocate a packet with DMA resources attached use:

pkt = scsi_init_pkt(&devp->sd_address, NULL, bp, CDB_GROUP1,
        sizeof(struct scsi_arq_status), 0, 0, NULL_FUNC, NULL);
Example 3 Attaching DMA Resources to a Preallocated Packet

To attach DMA resources to a preallocated packet, use:

pkt = scsi_init_pkt(&devp->sd_address, old_pkt, bp, 0,
        0, 0, 0, sd_runout, (caddr_t) sd_unit);
Example 4 Allocating a Packet with Consistent DMA Resources Attached

Since the packet is already allocated, the cmdlen, statuslen and privatelen are 0. To allocate a packet with consistent DMA resources attached, use:

bp = scsi_alloc_consistent_buf(&devp->sd_address, NULL,
	pkt = scsi_init_pkt(&devp->sd_address, NULL, bp, CDB_GROUP0,
        sizeof(struct scsi_arq_status), sizeof (struct my_pkt_private *),
Example 5 Allocating a Packet with Partial DMA Resources Attached

To allocate a packet with partial DMA resources attached, use:

my_pkt = scsi_init_pkt(&devp->sd_address, NULL, bp, CDB_GROUP0,
          1, sizeof (struct buf *), PKT_DMA_PARTIAL,
          SLEEP_FUNC, NULL);

See also

scsi_alloc_consistent_buf(9F), scsi_destroy_pkt(9F), scsi_dmaget(9F), scsi_pktalloc(9F), buf(9S), ddi_dma_req(9S), scsi_address(9S), scsi_pkt(9S)

Writing Device Drivers for Oracle Solaris 11.2

If a DMA allocation request fails with DDI_DMA_NOMAPPING, the B_ERROR flag will be set in bp, and the b_error field will be set to EFAULT.

If a DMA allocation request fails with DDI_DMA_TOOBIG, the B_ERROR flag will be set in bp, and the b_error field will be set to EINVAL.