Curve of spee: a literature review
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paper_title: Post-retention Development of Curve of Spee in Pre-adjusted Edgewise Appliance Cases, Its Correlation to Dentoskeletal Parameters: An In vitro Study

paper_content:

BACKGROUND: Curve of Spee was first described by Ferdin and Graf Von Spee in 1890. The curve of Spee is an important characteristic of the mandibular dental arch. One of the most frequently encountered problems in the treatment of orthodontic patients is an excessive overbite. Deep bite has been found to be associated with abnormal mandibular function. Temporomandibular joint disorders also have potentially detrimental effects on mandibular development. Andrews advocated leveling the curve of Spee to aflat curve, in order to facilitate construction of an optimal occlusion and that a flat plane should be given as a form of over treatment. There is no reliable information currently available from the literature about the long-term stability of the curve of Spee and the factors influencing the same. The objective of this study was to assess the post-retention development of the curve of Spee and to evaluate the dental and skeletal parameters as predictors of its post-retention stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-treatment (Tl), post-treatment (T2) and post-retention (T3) dental casts and lateral cephalograms of 24 orthodontically treated patients having a mean age of 14.5 years were evaluated. The mean period of the study group after retention was up to 2.6 years (range = 1-5 years). Pre-treatment T1, post-treatment T2, and post-retention T3 casts and radiographs were measured. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A highly significant positive correlation was observed between the changes in the curve of Spee during treatment (T2-T1) and the net result after retention (T3-T2). This means that much of the treatment results remained stable at T3. However, slight change was noticed in curve of Spee's depth during the time interval T3-T2. This finding was very negligible and was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The leveling of the curve of Spee during the treatment is a stable treatment objective on long term basis. There was a mild correlation existing between the curve of Spee and the different dental and skeletal parameters.
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Title: Curve of Spee: A Literature Review

Section 1: Introduction
Description 1: Introduce the Curve of Spee (COS), its clinical importance, and the aim of the study.

Section 2: Methodology
Description 2: Describe the search strategy and criteria for selecting articles for the review.

Section 3: Discussion
Description 3: Discuss the historical background, definitions, and theories related to COS.

Section 4: Development of the Curve of Spee
Description 4: Explain the development process and stages of COS from deciduous dentition to adulthood.

Section 5: Gender and Side Influence
Description 5: Discuss the influence of gender and side differences on the COS.

Section 6: Evolutive Similarities
Description 6: Compare the COS in carnivorous and herbivorous skulls and the functional implications.

Section 7: Measurement of Curve of Spee
Description 7: Describe clinical and academic methods for measuring the depth of COS.

Section 8: Properties of Curve of Spee
Description 8: Explain the properties of COS and its correlation with overbite, overjet, and malocclusion classes.

Section 9: The Purpose of Levelling the Curve of Spee
Description 9: Discuss the importance of levelling COS in orthodontic treatment and the expected outcomes.

Section 10: Extrusion of Posterior Teeth
Description 10: Describe the method of levelling COS by extruding posterior teeth and its implications.

Section 11: Intrusion of Incisors
Description 11: Explain the method of levelling COS by intruding incisors and its potential risks.

Section 12: Incisors Proclination
Description 12: Discuss the method of levelling COS by proclining incisors and its considerations.

Section 13: Long-term Stability
Description 13: Discuss the stability of COS correction over the long term and factors influencing it.

Section 14: Conclusion
Description 14: Summarize the findings, highlight the lack of a standard methodology, and provide guidelines for orthodontic treatment and long-term stability.