An overview of verification and validation of simulation models
---
paper_title: Verification and validation of simulation models

paper_content:

In this paper we discuss verification and validation of simulation models. Four different approaches to deciding model validity are described; two different paradigms that relate verification and validation to the model development process are presented; various validation techniques are defined; conceptual model validity, model verification, operational validity, and data validity are discussed; a way to document results is given; a recommended procedure for model validation is presented; and model accreditation is briefly discussed.
---
paper_title: Tests for the verification and validation of computer simulation models

paper_content:

This paper discusses the quantitative as well as qualitative tests which can be run in trying to convince the user of a simulation model that the results are valid
---
paper_title: Verification of Computer Simulation Models

paper_content:

The problem of validating computer simulation models of industrial systems has received only limited attention in the management science literature. The purpose of this paper is to consider the problem of validating computer models in the light of contemporary thought in the fields of philosophy of science, economic theory, and statistics. In order to achieve this goal we have attempted to gather together and present some of the ideas of scientific philosophers, economists, statisticians, and practitioners in the field of simulation which are relevant to the problem of verifying simulation models. We have paid particular attention to the writings of economists who have been concerned with testing the validity of economic models. Among the questions which we shall consider are included: What does it mean to verify a computer model of an industrial system? Are there any differences between the verification of computer models and the verification of other types of models? If so, what are some of these differences? Also considered are a number of measures and techniques for testing the "goodness of fit" of time series generated by computer models to observed historical series.
---

Title: An overview of verification and validation of simulation models
Section 1: INTRODUCTION
Description 1: Write about the significance of simulation models in decision-making, and introduce the concepts of model verification and validation.

Section 2: VALIDATION TECHNIQUES
Description 2: Describe various validation techniques and tests used in model verification and validation, and explain how they can be applied both subjectively and objectively.

Section 3: CONCEPTUAL MODEL VALIDATION
Description 3: Explain how to determine that the theories and assumptions underlying the conceptual model are correct and that the model’s representation is reasonable for its intended use.

Section 4: COMPUTERIZED MODEL VERIFICATION
Description 4: Discuss the importance of ensuring that the computer programming and implementation of the conceptual model are correct, including related techniques and testing strategies.

Section 5: OPERATIONAL VALIDITY
Description 5: Focus on determining that the model's output behavior has sufficient accuracy for its intended purpose, covering various validation techniques and comparison approaches.

Section 6: CONFIDENCE INTERVALS
Description 6: Explain the use of confidence intervals, simultaneous confidence intervals, and joint confidence regions in developing the model range of accuracy for operational validity.

Section 7: HYPOTHESIS TESTS
Description 7: Discuss using hypothesis tests to compare model parameters with system outputs to determine if the model’s output behavior has an acceptable range of accuracy.

Section 8: RECOMMENDED MODEL VALIDATION PROCEDURE
Description 8: Provide recommended steps and procedures for model validation, based on various literature sources and author’s suggestions.

Section 9: LIMITED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Description 9: Offer a limited bibliography as a starting point for further knowledge on verification and validation.