An Overview of Semantic Web Services Composition Approaches. To appear
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paper_title: IRS-III: A Platform and Infrastructure for Creating WSMO-based Semantic Web Services

paper_content:

The IRS project has the overall aim of supporting the automated or semi-automated construction of semantically enhanced systems over the inter-net. IRS-I supported the creation of knowledge intensive systems structured acording to the UPML framework and IRS-II integrated the UPML framework with web service technologies. In this paper we describe IRS-III. Within IRS-III we have now incorporated and extended the WSMO ontology. Our extensions to WSMO include the addition of input and output roles to goals and web services and a new type of mediator. As well as summarizing our additions to WSMO we outline the architecture of IRS-III and the associated interfaces.
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paper_title: Interactive Composition of WSMO-based Semantic Web Services In IRS-III

paper_content:

The discovery and integration of services in a composition are challenging tasks due to the lack of semantic in the Web services' description. WSMO community is working on developing ontologies and infrastructures to support Semantic Web Services. In this paper, we present a tool that takes into account WSMO descriptions to support a user guided, interactive composition approach whereby Web services are discovered and recommended to the users according to the composition context. The generated composition is orchestrated in IRS-III by our Java API for dataflow orchestration.
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paper_title: IRS-III: A Platform and Infrastructure for Creating WSMO-based Semantic Web Services

paper_content:

The IRS project has the overall aim of supporting the automated or semi-automated construction of semantically enhanced systems over the inter-net. IRS-I supported the creation of knowledge intensive systems structured acording to the UPML framework and IRS-II integrated the UPML framework with web service technologies. In this paper we describe IRS-III. Within IRS-III we have now incorporated and extended the WSMO ontology. Our extensions to WSMO include the addition of input and output roles to goals and web services and a new type of mediator. As well as summarizing our additions to WSMO we outline the architecture of IRS-III and the associated interfaces.
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paper_title: Integration of OWL-S into IRS-III

paper_content:

IRS-III is the first WSMO compliant system for supporting the Semantic Web Services technologies and it is based on the IRS-II [3]. This paper presents how we integrated the OWL-S [5] service description ontology to IRS-III. We describe how the underlying model of IRS-III supports OWL-S.
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paper_title: Simulation, verification and automated composition of web services

paper_content:

Web services -- Web-accessible programs and devices - are a key application area for the Semantic Web. With the proliferation of Web services and the evolution towards the Semantic Web comes the opportunity to automate various Web services tasks. Our objective is to enable markup and automated reasoning technology to describe, simulate, compose, test, and verify compositions of Web services. We take as our starting point the DAML-S DAML+OIL ontology for describing the capabilities of Web services. We define the semantics for a relevant subset of DAML-S in terms of a first-order logical language. With the semantics in hand, we encode our service descriptions in a Petri Net formalism and provide decision procedures for Web service simulation, verification and composition. We also provide an analysis of the complexity of these tasks under different restrictions to the DAML-S composite services we can describe. Finally, we present an implementation of our analysis techniques. This implementation takes as input a DAML-S description of a Web service, automatically generates a Petri Net and performs the desired analysis. Such a tool has broad applicability both as a back end to existing manual Web service composition tools, and as a stand-alone tool for Web service developers.
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paper_title: Automated Composition of Semantic Web Services into Executable Processes

paper_content:

Different planning techniques have been applied to the problem of automated composition of web services. However, in realistic cases, this planning problem is far from trivial: the planner needs to deal with the nondeterministic behavior of web services, the partial observability of their internal status, and with complex goals expressing temporal conditions and preference requirements. We propose a planning technique for the automated composition of web services described in OWLS process models, which can deal effectively with nondeterminism, partial observability, and complex goals. The technique allows for the synthesis of plans that encode compositions of web services with the usual programming constructs, like conditionals and iterations. The generated plans can thus be translated into executable processes, e.g., BPEL4WS programs. We implement our solution in a planner and do some preliminary experimental evaluations that show the potentialities of our approach, and the gain in performance of automating the composition at the semantic level w.r.t. the automated composition at the level of executable processes.
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paper_title: Integration of OWL-S into IRS-III

paper_content:

IRS-III is the first WSMO compliant system for supporting the Semantic Web Services technologies and it is based on the IRS-II [3]. This paper presents how we integrated the OWL-S [5] service description ontology to IRS-III. We describe how the underlying model of IRS-III supports OWL-S.
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Title: An Overview of Semantic Web Services Composition Approaches

Section 1: Introduction
Description 1: Describe the aim of research efforts around semantic web services, the concept of Semantic Web Service (SWS), and an overview of the paper organization.

Section 2: Motivating Example
Description 2: Provide a real-world example to illustrate the requirements for SWS composition and give a definition of an automated services composition approach.

Section 3: Existing Approaches for Web Services Composition
Description 3: Discuss several existing techniques for SWS composition, their limitations with regard to the requirements outlined in the motivating example.

Section 4: Composition of WSMO-based SWS in IRS-III
Description 4: Explain the integration of web services using WSMO ontology within the IRS-III framework and the main drawbacks of this approach.

Section 5: Integration of OWL-S into IRS-III
Description 5: Discuss the extension of IRS-III potential through OWL-S support, and the challenges in service discovery and selection.

Section 6: Petri Nets and Planification
Description 6: Describe the approaches using Petri nets and planification for SWS composition and their weaknesses.

Section 7: A Dialogical Approach for SWS Composition
Description 7: Present a dialogical approach for implementing Active SWS, detailing user interaction, capability-based discovery, and the VDL formalism.

Section 8: Conclusion
Description 8: Summarize the existing techniques, their limitations, and the proposed dialogical approach. Highlight future work directions in semantic web services composition.