Focusing the customer through smart services: a literature review
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paper_title: Enhancing Literature Review Methods - Evaluation of a Literature Search Approach based on Latent Semantic Indexing

paper_content:

Literature search, as a fundamental and time"consum ing step in a literature research process, is part of many established scientific research methods. The facilitated access to scientific resources requires an increasing effort to conduct comprehensive literature reviews. We address the lack of semantic approaches in this context by proposing and evaluating our Tool for Semantic Indexing and Similarity Queries (TSISQ) for the enhancement of established literature review methods. Its applicability is evaluated in different environments and search cases covering realistic applications. Results indicate that TSISQ can increase efficiency by saving valuable time in finding relevant literature in a desired research field, improve the quality of search results, and enhance the comprehensiveness of a review by identifying sources that otherwise would not have been considered. The target audience includes all researchers who need to efficiently gain an overview of a specific research field and refine the theoretical foundations of their research.
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paper_title: Scalable analysis of collective behaviour in smart service systems

paper_content:

The long term vision of smart service systems in which electronic environments are made sensitive and responsive to the presence of, possibly many, people is gradually taking shape through a number of pilot projects. The purposes of such systems vary from intelligent homes that assist their inhabitants to make their lives more independent and comfortable to much larger environments such as airports in which people are provided with context aware, personalised, adaptive and anticipatory services that are most relevant for them given their location and their current activities. This paper is concerned with the exploration of scalable formal models that can address the collective behaviour of a large number of people moving through a smart environment.
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paper_title: Smart Services Classification Framework

paper_content:

The main goal of the study is development of the classification framework of smart service attributes as a first step in developing methodology of smart services implementation for Enterprise Information Portal (EIP) maintenance. First, we analyze available definitions of the "smart services" concept and concepts related to it: smart services are based on the idea of co-creation of value and rely on machine intelligence in connected systems. Second, we describe attributes of EIP services. Finally, we propose a new extended approach of the smart service attributes classification based on the list of characteristics of the EIP services. Our results contribute to the field of smart service research as well as to EIP- related studies both for academics and practitioners, as the proposed classification framework could serve as a basis for creation of smart services typology for the purpose of EIP maintenance.
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paper_title: Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: Writing a literature review

paper_content:

A review of prior, relevant literature is an essential feature of any academic project. An effective review creates a firm foundation for advancing knowledge. It facilitates theory development, closes areas where a plethora of research exists, and uncovers areas where research is needed.
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paper_title: Enhancing Soa With Service Lifecycle Management - Towards A Functional Reference Model

paper_content:

Service-orientation is a paradigm aiming at decomposing monolithic application systems into services, i.e. functional units that adhere to certain criteria such as standardized interfaces and the ability to be flexibly combined with each other. With the growing importance and diffusion of this paradigm, the management of an increasing number of services along their lifecycle (Service Lifecycle Management - SLM) is becoming a success factor. Although comprehensive IT support is not the only ingredient for successfully managing services, it is a contribution to compensate for the growing complexity. Surprisingly, the topic of software application support in SLM has not yet received systematic coverage in the literature from a functional perspective. Consequently, this paper proposes a functional reference model for SLM and describes the underlying design process. The model supports practitioners in analyzing, designing and implementing software support for SLM. Further it enables to compare and evaluate existing software solutions and as such it supports IT investment decisions. Scientifically the model represents an approach towards designing information systems in the area of SLM. The paper argues that companies should pursue a best-of-breed approach, as there is no single solution available that comprehensively supports the entire lifecycle. Further, the lack of application support of SLM in practice mainly stems from the absence of integrated solutions and missing knowledge on how to evaluate potential applications.
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paper_title: Internet of things: from internet scale sensing to smart services

paper_content:

The internet of things (IoT) is the latest web evolution that incorporates billions of devices (such as cameras, sensors, RFIDs, smart phones, and wearables), that are owned by different organizations and people who are deploying and using them for their own purposes. Federations of such IoT devices (we refer to as IoT things) can deliver the information needed to solve internet-scale problems that have been too difficult to obtain and harness before. To realize this unprecedented IoT potential, we need to develop IoT solutions for discovering the IoT devices each application needs, collecting and integrating their data, and distilling the high value information each application needs. We also need to provide solutions that permit doing these tasks in real-time, on the move, in the cloud, and securely. In this paper we present an overview of a collection of IoT solutions (which we have developed in partnerships with other prominent IoT innovators and refer to them collectively as IoT platform) for addressing these technical challenges and help springboard IoT to its potential. We also describe a variety of IoT applications that have utilized the proposed IoT platform to provide smart IoT services in the areas of smart farming, smart grids, and smart manufacturing. Finally, we discuss future research and a vision of the next generation IoT infrastructure.
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paper_title: Smart servitization within the context of industrial user–supplier relationships: contingencies according to a machine tool manufacturer

paper_content:

Advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) have been hailed as enablers to make industrial products and operations smart. The present paper argues that AMT can not only form a lever for developing smart goods and smart production environments, but can likewise form a basis to offer smart services and to propose servitized earning or payment models to industrial users. We do so on the basis of a literature review, followed by a case-based analysis of the AMT and servitization challenges to which a machine tool manufacturer is exposed in its industrial market environment. Consequently, the present study identifies a set of contingencies c.q. catalyzers with regard to seizing AMT for smart servitization practices within industrial business-to-business contexts. These are: the ability to capture relevant data; to exploit such data adequately and convert them into actionable knowledge; and to build trust among users and producers of capital goods in order to come to effective data exchange. We finish by deriving implications for smart servitization in a manufacturing context, and by outlining case-based lessons on how AMT and servitization can further interactive design and manufacturing practices in an industrial producer-user setting. We contend that there may be a gap between the technological and organizational readiness of (many) machine tool companies for smart servitization, on the one hand, and what different publications on AMT and Industry 4.0 are trying to make out. We also find that besides the high-tech and big data components to smart servitization, companies with an ambition in this field should take into account minimum/right information principles, to actually get to deep learning, and to establish a culture of trust with business partners, and inside implicated organizations among departments to create an environment in which smart servitized user-supplier relationships can prosper.
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paper_title: Interactions between Service and Product Lifecycle Management

paper_content:

Abstract The adoption of advanced manufacturing intelligence technologies requires managing the interaction of information in Product-Service Systems (PSS) by combining Product (PLM) and Service Lifecycle Management (SLM). While up to now no sound methodology exists, there is a strong need to have bi-directional coordination and interaction between PLM and SLM in a systematic way. A further challenge is to close loops, for example feedback from service delivery to the beginning-of-life phase of products. The objective of this paper is therefore to identify the interactions between SLM and PLM in manufacturing firms, based on expert interviews and illustrated in PSS use cases.
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paper_title: High Tech and High Touch: A Framework for Understanding User Attitudes and Behaviors Related to Smart Interactive Services

paper_content:

Smart interactive services, in contrast with other technology-based services, require significant human-to-human interaction and collaboration in addition to the service provided by the embedded technology itself. The authors’ foundational Delphi study confirms smart interactive services (e.g., remote diagnosis, remote repair of equipment, and telemedicine) are a rapidly growing innovation category across industries. Yet, gaining user acceptance of these types of services presents a significant challenge for managers. To address this challenge, the authors employ a grounded theory approach, drawing on depth interviews, to develop a framework of barriers and facilitators to users’ attitudinal and behavioral responses to smart interactive services. The findings reveal a new set of beliefs that are critical in this context. These beliefs are tied to the human element and specifically pertain to beliefs about the “service counterpart (SC),” who is the provider’s employee controlling the technology. Control, t...
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paper_title: SCUOLA project: The “hub of smart services” for cities and communities

paper_content:

To evolve existing networks present in a city (electric, gas, water, public lighting and transport) may allow a rational use of natural resources (wind and sun), a reduction of consumption (energy efficiency) as well as the evolution of the energy vectors, obtained using ICT (Information and Communications Technology) as enabling technology. The city, seen as a collection of interconnected networks, can make possible the interaction among the different networks, and between citizens and the city, with the aim of making the city more suitable to the needs of the citizens; the citizens are committed in the creation of new sustainable cities through the development of communication technologies. The aim of SCUOLA project is to test an advanced system that can integrate and coordinate the development of smart grids, RES (Renewable Energy Sources), energy efficiency (from the point of view of both heat and electricity) and services to the citizen.
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paper_title: Four strategies for the age of smart services.

paper_content:

Most industrial manufacturers realize that the real money isn't in products but in services. Companies such as General Electric and IBM have famously made the transition: A large proportion of their revenues and margins come from providing value-added services to customers. But other companies attempting to do the same might miss the boat. It is not enough, the authors say, just to provide services. Businesses must now provide "smart services"--building intelligence (awareness and connectivity) into the products themselves. Citing examples such as Heidelberger Druckmaschinen's Internet-connected printing presses and Eaton Electrical's home-monitoring service, the authors demonstrate how a product that can report its status back to its maker represents an opportunity for the manufacturer to cultivate richer, longer-term relationships with customers. Four business models will emerge in this new, networked world. If you go it alone, it may be as an embedded innovator- that is, your networked product sends back information that can help you optimize service delivery, eliminate waste and inefficiency, and raise service margins. Or, you may pursue a more aggressive solutionist business model- that is, you position your networked product as a "complete solution provider," able to deliver a broader scope of high-value services than those provided by the embedded innovator's product. In the case of a system that aggregates and processes data from multiple products in a building or home, you may be either an aggregator or a synergist, partnering with others to pursue a smart-services opportunity. An aggregator's product is the hub, collecting and processing usage information- and creating a high-value body of data. A synergist's product is the spoke, contributing valuable data or functionality. Woe to the company that takes none of these paths; it'll soon find its former customers locked in--and happily--to other smart service providers.
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paper_title: A software framework for enabling smart services

paper_content:

‘Smart’ becomes a buzzword in many sectors of the society. Among them, Smart Service is an emerging paradigm for delivering services with ‘smartness’ features. A key ingredient of smart services is various types of contexts including mobile and social contexts. With the advent of sensor technology and availability in mobile devices, contexts become a key source of information from which situations can be inferred. And, situation-specific services have a high potential of being smart services. However, a number of fundamental technical issues remain unresolved, especially in the area of software framework for developing and deploying smart services. In this paper, we present a software framework for context-aware smart life services, Smart Service Framework (SSF). We begin by defining smart services with key characteristics, and define our architectural design of the SSF. We also define a process for provisioning smart services. And, we specify guidelines and algorithms needed for carrying out the four activities in the process.
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paper_title: Ubiquitous Infrastructure and Smart Service on City Gas Environments in Korea

paper_content:

The information technology paradigm shifts to smart service environment, as ubiquitous technologies are used in the latest industry trend. The major features of ubiquitous smart service are high dynamism and heterogeneity of their environment and the need for context awareness. In order to resolve these features, it is necessary to develop middleware that meet various new requirements. This paper designed middleware on ubiquitous smart service for enhancing the safety and reliability to city gas environment in Korea. The object of this paper will support cornerstone in order to construct the framework of intelligent infrastructure and service for autonomic management.
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paper_title: Scalable analysis of collective behaviour in smart service systems

paper_content:

The long term vision of smart service systems in which electronic environments are made sensitive and responsive to the presence of, possibly many, people is gradually taking shape through a number of pilot projects. The purposes of such systems vary from intelligent homes that assist their inhabitants to make their lives more independent and comfortable to much larger environments such as airports in which people are provided with context aware, personalised, adaptive and anticipatory services that are most relevant for them given their location and their current activities. This paper is concerned with the exploration of scalable formal models that can address the collective behaviour of a large number of people moving through a smart environment.
---
paper_title: Smart Services Classification Framework

paper_content:

The main goal of the study is development of the classification framework of smart service attributes as a first step in developing methodology of smart services implementation for Enterprise Information Portal (EIP) maintenance. First, we analyze available definitions of the "smart services" concept and concepts related to it: smart services are based on the idea of co-creation of value and rely on machine intelligence in connected systems. Second, we describe attributes of EIP services. Finally, we propose a new extended approach of the smart service attributes classification based on the list of characteristics of the EIP services. Our results contribute to the field of smart service research as well as to EIP- related studies both for academics and practitioners, as the proposed classification framework could serve as a basis for creation of smart services typology for the purpose of EIP maintenance.
---
paper_title: Enhancing Soa With Service Lifecycle Management - Towards A Functional Reference Model

paper_content:

Service-orientation is a paradigm aiming at decomposing monolithic application systems into services, i.e. functional units that adhere to certain criteria such as standardized interfaces and the ability to be flexibly combined with each other. With the growing importance and diffusion of this paradigm, the management of an increasing number of services along their lifecycle (Service Lifecycle Management - SLM) is becoming a success factor. Although comprehensive IT support is not the only ingredient for successfully managing services, it is a contribution to compensate for the growing complexity. Surprisingly, the topic of software application support in SLM has not yet received systematic coverage in the literature from a functional perspective. Consequently, this paper proposes a functional reference model for SLM and describes the underlying design process. The model supports practitioners in analyzing, designing and implementing software support for SLM. Further it enables to compare and evaluate existing software solutions and as such it supports IT investment decisions. Scientifically the model represents an approach towards designing information systems in the area of SLM. The paper argues that companies should pursue a best-of-breed approach, as there is no single solution available that comprehensively supports the entire lifecycle. Further, the lack of application support of SLM in practice mainly stems from the absence of integrated solutions and missing knowledge on how to evaluate potential applications.
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paper_title: Fuzzy Consensus Model for Governance in Smart Service Systems

paper_content:

Abstract Service Systems are means of value-co-creation and are considered “Smart” if they are supported by IT and react to external changes for the satisfaction of the whole. The co-production of value occurs by processes coordinating the participants, which exchange services, and including decision-making activities, such as the choice of a specific Service Provider. Making decisions is a matter of Governance that often conciliate the expectations of everyone. For the selection of Service Providers among a set of suitable ones, it is possible to consider a Fuzzy Consensus Model for a Group Decision Making (GDM) situation within a service scenario. We have a set of Service Providers (possible alternatives), and decision makers, who examine the choices to reach a common decision. The model considers fuzzy preference relations and an advice generation mechanism to support the decision makers. A case study, where heterogeneous experts have to evaluate a research project, is considered. The results indicate that the “most important” expert influence deeply the final decisions.
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paper_title: “Futurizing” smart service: implications for service researchers and managers

paper_content:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to craft a future research agenda to advance smart service research and practice. Smart services are delivered to or via intelligent objects that feature awareness and connectivity. For service researchers and managers, one of the most fascinating aspects of smart service provision is that the connected object is able to sense its own condition and its surroundings and thus allows for real-time data collection, continuous communication and interactive feedback. Design/methodology/approach – This article is based on discussions in the workshop on “Fresh perspectives on technology in service” at the International Network of Service Researchers on September 26, 2014 at CTF, Karlstad, Sweden. The paper summarizes the discussion on smart services, adds an extensive literature review, provides examples from business practice and develops a structured approach to new research avenues. Findings – We propose that smart services vary on their individual level of autonomous dec...
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paper_title: Development of a self-adapting intelligent system for building energy saving and context-aware smart services

paper_content:

Recent advances in ubiquitous technologies facilitate context-aware systems which can offer situation-based services. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become increasingly important in recent years due to their ability to monitor and manage situational information for various intelligent services in ubiquitous environments. However, existing energy management systems are not effectively implemented in home and building environments due to their architectural limitations, such as static system architecture and a finite battery lifetime. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Self-adapting intelligent system used for providing building control and energy saving services in buildings. Our system consists of a gateway (selfadapting intelligent gateway) and a sensor (self-adapting intelligent sensor). In addition, we also propose an energy-efficiency self-clustering sensor network (ESSN) and a node type indicator based routing (NTIR) protocol that considers the requirements of WSNs, such as network lifetime and system resource management. In order to verify the efficiency of our system, we implemented our system in real test bed and conducted experiments. The results show that autonomous power saving using our system is approximately 16-24% depending on the number of SIS.
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paper_title: IT SERVICE MANAGEMENT IN THE ACADEMIC CURRICULUM: COMPARING AN AUSTRALIAN AND GERMAN EXPERIENCE

paper_content:

Universities have a responsibility to equip graduates with the knowledge and skills to be productive in their work environment. Recently, the discipline of IT Service Management (ITSM) has become globally recognized as critical to organizations. Academia appears to be lagging industry in providing education in this field. This paper describes the motivation, implementation, outcomes and challenges experienced by two universities, one in Australia and the other in Germany, in designing and offering an ITSM course. Both universities included the curriculum for industry certification for Foundation level examinations and facilitated student access to these examinations. Using a narrative inquiry method, the authors share their experiences and compare these two courses. The feedback from students clearly indicates that the students value the opportunity to achieve industry certification in ITSM. A list of lessons learnt is formulated to assist other universities undertaking similar endeavours. The outcomes of the analysis highlight the need for professional development and industry certification of Lecturers, the importance of networking with local industry practitioners, and the importance of maintaining course materials to keep current with frameworks used in the ICT industry.
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paper_title: Checkpoints, hotspots and standalones: placing smart services over time and place

paper_content:

From the user's point of view Ubicomp and smart environments have been researched especially in the home setting. Nevertheless, papers discussing the relationship of situated interaction and context are few. Effect of context on interaction has been mostly investigated in the mobile setting. To work towards filling this gap, this paper presents a set of interaction profiles for digital services placed in an environment. The main focus of this paper is on deployment of interaction with various smart services in various indoor places. Motivation for this study stems from the need to understand interaction in and with the environment in order to better design smart environments. To this end we analyzed 30 hand-drawn maps of three different indoor spaces with user designed smart service placements and interactions. The results indicate how multi-level, structural, activity and attention data can be combined in interaction profiles. Interaction profiles found in this work are checkpoint, hotspot, standalone, remote and object, which each represent a unique combination of physical structure, service content and preferred interaction method. These profiles and cognitive map data can be used to support smart environment design.
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paper_title: Towards a Consistent Service Lifecycle Model in Service Governance

paper_content:

Introducing an SOA in a company brings new challenges for the existing management. Small loosely coupled services allow the Enterprise Architecture to flexibly adapt to existing business processes that themselves depend on changing market environments. SOA, however, introduces a new implicit system complexity. Service Governance approaches address this issue by introducing management processes and techniques, and best practices to cope with the new heterogeneity. Service lifecycle management is one aspect. Existing definitions of service lifecycles vary greatly.. In this paper, we compare existing service lifecycle approaches concerning defined phases and process. In particular, we challenge the purpose of the distinctions made between design time, runtime, and change time. Concluding, we propose a consolidated service lifecycle model for usage in Service Governance.
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paper_title: Interactions between Service and Product Lifecycle Management

paper_content:

Abstract The adoption of advanced manufacturing intelligence technologies requires managing the interaction of information in Product-Service Systems (PSS) by combining Product (PLM) and Service Lifecycle Management (SLM). While up to now no sound methodology exists, there is a strong need to have bi-directional coordination and interaction between PLM and SLM in a systematic way. A further challenge is to close loops, for example feedback from service delivery to the beginning-of-life phase of products. The objective of this paper is therefore to identify the interactions between SLM and PLM in manufacturing firms, based on expert interviews and illustrated in PSS use cases.
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paper_title: IMPROVED MODEL TO TEST APPLICATIONS USING SMART SERVICES

paper_content:

ABSTRACT: Smart applications are getting enormous popularity in the last several years. The research is conducted due to pressing need of rapid testing applications and improves quality models to ensure high quality of Smartphone applications. This work presents a basic approach to improve quality of mobile application by adjusting validation and test concepts for usage in mobile application development. We anticipate that the proposed solution will help the software companies to improve the quality of smartphone applications. Key words: quality assurance, testing mobile application, smart application, cloud computing, smart grid. 1 . INTRODUCTION The enormous progress nowadays for smart applications production and the marvelous acceptance from users for all categories [1] have become an amazing development in our life. Especially in the world of smart phones in general and in smart services specifically, which led to competitions on application development in case of meeting basic needs of users and enabling them to access different services in all spheres of life. This conversion came with the strategic use of the latest information and communication technologies [11,12] achieving user satisfaction by providing flexible and interactive means of communication and intelligent features which work anywhere and anytime across many devices. In the current era, there is an application for everything starting from games, passing through configuration tasks to communications and GPS (Global Positioning System) applications. As a result, it becomes incumbent on anyone who tries to establish business and services in the area of internet to put smart phone applications as the priority. Moreover, when developers devise an application, there are a number of important aspects that they take into account, for instance: the idea, design and promotion besides taking into consideration the difference between smart applications and software for traditional computers. After this development and progress it has become an important issue to support smart devices by several kind of applications with high efficiency. This corresponds to the important role of this area of how we test these applications to represent an intelligent application in smart services [6,8]. We present an advanced model to test the range of efficiency and quality assurance of applications in the framework of smart services. Further paper is organized as follows. Section II covers the related work and defines the problem to be addressed. Section III illustrates the proposed solution.
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paper_title: Smart services for home automation. managing concurrency and failures: New wine in old bottles ?

paper_content:

Home automation represents a growing market in the industrialized world. Today's systems are mainly based on ad hoc and proprietary solution, with little to no interoperability and smart integration. However, in a not so distant future, devices installed in our home will be able to smartly interact and integrate in order to offer complex services with rich functionalities. Realizing this kind of integration push developers to increase the amount of abstraction within the software architecture. In this paper we give a high-level view of what are the inherent trade-offs that stem from this process of abstraction and suggest how they could be tackled in these complex home automation systems. More specifically we focus our analysis on two problems: concurrent execultion of multiple plans and failure detection.
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paper_title: Continuous Quality Improvement of IT Processes based on Reference Models and Process Mining

paper_content:

The inherent quality of business processes increasingly plays a significant role in the economic success of an organization. More and more business processes are supported through IT processes. In this contribution, we present a new approach which allows the continuous quality improvement of IT processes by the interconnection of IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) reference model and process mining. On the basis of the reference model, to-be processes are set and key indicators are determined. As-is processes and their key indicators derived by process mining are subsequently compared to the to-be processes. This new approach enables the design and control of ITIL based customer support processes which will be trialed in a practice case of a customer relationship management (CRM) system. The procedural models, as well as its results, are introduced in this publication.
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paper_title: Enhancing Literature Review Methods - Evaluation of a Literature Search Approach based on Latent Semantic Indexing

paper_content:

Literature search, as a fundamental and time"consum ing step in a literature research process, is part of many established scientific research methods. The facilitated access to scientific resources requires an increasing effort to conduct comprehensive literature reviews. We address the lack of semantic approaches in this context by proposing and evaluating our Tool for Semantic Indexing and Similarity Queries (TSISQ) for the enhancement of established literature review methods. Its applicability is evaluated in different environments and search cases covering realistic applications. Results indicate that TSISQ can increase efficiency by saving valuable time in finding relevant literature in a desired research field, improve the quality of search results, and enhance the comprehensiveness of a review by identifying sources that otherwise would not have been considered. The target audience includes all researchers who need to efficiently gain an overview of a specific research field and refine the theoretical foundations of their research.
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paper_title: Willingness to believe and betrayal aversion: the special role of trust in art exchanges

paper_content:

Lack of transparency is considered a major functional deficiency of art markets. The uniqueness of artworks, the subjectivity of the pleasure component in their appeal, the unequal access to verifiable information make information asymmetries, and their potential opportunistic use, one of the dominant characteristics of this market and one that is very difficult to remedy. Yet, art goods are not simply risk-intensive goods, as are financial assets. Their complexity and specificity have given ample room, not only for calls for greater transparency and more credible information, but also for building trust-based long-term relationships. Drawing on the distinction between decisions involving risk and decisions involving trust, the paper discusses how relational trust, based on confidentiality and reciprocity, has helped compensate for the lack of transparency to increase the overall trustworthiness of art markets. Yet, trust-based exchanges have a downside too, since trust, once gained, can also be used opportunistically to defend and exploit positions of privilege and power. This form of strategic trust can become an obstacle to the diffusion of information and the adoption of credible norms of transparency.
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paper_title: Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: Writing a literature review

paper_content:

A review of prior, relevant literature is an essential feature of any academic project. An effective review creates a firm foundation for advancing knowledge. It facilitates theory development, closes areas where a plethora of research exists, and uncovers areas where research is needed.
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paper_title: Single-RF MIMO-OFDM system with beam switching antenna

paper_content:

In this paper, we investigate the replica interference problem of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) receiver with a beam switching antenna (BSA) within the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) framework. Our frequency-domain analysis has revealed the following important findings: (i) without co-existing system, replica interference in the system can be completely avoided as long as the beam pattern switching rate of the BSA receiver is an integer multiple of the product of the OFDM sampling rate and the number of receiving beam patterns and (ii) with co-existing systems, replica interference cannot always be avoided because co-existing systems may induce replicas in the operating frequency bands of the system. We present a replica interference criterion that depends on the co-existing status and users’ beam switching capabilities. Based on our findings, we propose various replica interference avoidance (RINA) strategies for different co-existing and cooperating network scenarios. In addition, the overall network operation principles of the proposed RINA strategy are presented. Simulation results verify that the proposed MIMO-OFDM system with a BSA successfully provides both MIMO and OFDM benefits, thereby resolving replica interference issues.
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paper_title: Designing wrapper components for e-services in integrating heterogeneous systems

paper_content:

Component-based approaches are becoming more and more popular to support Internet-based application development. Different component modeling approaches, however, can be adopted, obtaining different abstraction levels (either conceptual or operational). In this paper we present a component-based architecture for the design of e-applications, and discuss the concept of wrapper components as building blocks for the development of e-services, where these services are based on legacy systems. We discuss their characteristics and their applicability in Internet-based application development.
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paper_title: Towards a Consistent Service Lifecycle Model in Service Governance

paper_content:

Introducing an SOA in a company brings new challenges for the existing management. Small loosely coupled services allow the Enterprise Architecture to flexibly adapt to existing business processes that themselves depend on changing market environments. SOA, however, introduces a new implicit system complexity. Service Governance approaches address this issue by introducing management processes and techniques, and best practices to cope with the new heterogeneity. Service lifecycle management is one aspect. Existing definitions of service lifecycles vary greatly.. In this paper, we compare existing service lifecycle approaches concerning defined phases and process. In particular, we challenge the purpose of the distinctions made between design time, runtime, and change time. Concluding, we propose a consolidated service lifecycle model for usage in Service Governance.
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paper_title: Sensing as a Service Model for Smart Cities Supported by Internet of Things

paper_content:

The world population is growing at a rapid pace. Towns and cities are accommodating half of the world's population thereby creating tremendous pressure on every aspect of urban living. Cities are known to have large concentration of resources and facilities. Such environments attract people from rural areas. However, unprecedented attraction has now become an overwhelming issue for city governance and politics. The enormous pressure towards efficient city management has triggered various Smart City initiatives by both government and private sector businesses to invest in ICT to find sustainable solutions to the growing issues. The Internet of Things (IoT) has also gained significant attention over the past decade. IoT envisions to connect billions of sensors to the Internet and expects to use them for efficient and effective resource management in Smart Cities. Today infrastructure, platforms, and software applications are offered as services using cloud technologies. In this paper, we explore the concept of sensing as a service and how it fits with the Internet of Things. Our objective is to investigate the concept of sensing as a service model in technological, economical, and social perspectives and identify the major open challenges and issues.
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paper_title: Personalization vs. Customization: Which is More Effective in e-Services?

paper_content:

More flexible and agile Information Technology (IT) architecture is needed by a firm to respond to dynamic and competitive business environments. Web Service, which is defined as a software construct that exposes business functionality over the Internet, is considered to be the next vision to provide not only new IT architecture and strategies for enterprises, but also a technological basis for design/redesign of business processes. This research proposes a framework and methodology to design business processes with Web services. A formal model, which reflects strategic, economic, and structural perspectives, to identify and evaluate alternative Web services portfolio in business processes is proposed. The objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive and theoretical formulation for Web services to design/redesign business processes and business networks.
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paper_title: Towards Smart Service Networks: An Interdisciplinary Service Assessment Metrics

paper_content:

Service Networks (SNs) are open systems accommodating the co-production of new knowledge and services through organic peer-to-peer interactions. Key to broad success of SNs in practice is their ability to foster and ensure a high performance. By performance we mean the joint effort of tremendous interdisciplinary collaboration, cooperation and coordination among the network participants. However, due to the heterogeneous background of such participants (i.e., business, technical, etc.), different interpretations of the shared terminology are likely to happen. Thus, confusion may appear in the multi-disciplinary communication of SNs participants which in turn may lead to performance anomalies. To deal with such a problem, we propose a novel framework of bi-dimensional (business vs technical) performance metric indicators built on the basis of a systems thinking mindset. By using our framework, a holistic picture of the multiple dimensions and structure of SNs is provided, so that the interdisciplinary service participants have a correct understanding of the service scope and required resources in operation. Moreover, and most importantly, it provides a way to examine the performance traceability of the services within a SN.
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paper_title: A software framework for enabling smart services

paper_content:

‘Smart’ becomes a buzzword in many sectors of the society. Among them, Smart Service is an emerging paradigm for delivering services with ‘smartness’ features. A key ingredient of smart services is various types of contexts including mobile and social contexts. With the advent of sensor technology and availability in mobile devices, contexts become a key source of information from which situations can be inferred. And, situation-specific services have a high potential of being smart services. However, a number of fundamental technical issues remain unresolved, especially in the area of software framework for developing and deploying smart services. In this paper, we present a software framework for context-aware smart life services, Smart Service Framework (SSF). We begin by defining smart services with key characteristics, and define our architectural design of the SSF. We also define a process for provisioning smart services. And, we specify guidelines and algorithms needed for carrying out the four activities in the process.
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paper_title: A Socio-Technical Approach to Study Consumer-Centric Information Systems.

paper_content:

Given the unprecedented role of digital service platforms in private life, this research sets out to identify the mechanisms that are designed into information systems with the purpose to increase consumer centricity. We evaluate the consumer centricity of an information system against three reflective indicators, that is the degree of need orientation, value co-creation and relationship orientation and conceptualize consumer centricity as the ability to align social and technical information system components. ::: We employ a positivist, explanatory case study approach to test three hypotheses on system component alignment in cases from three domains (gaming, social networking, and video sharing). We found preliminary evidence for three alignment mechanisms that increase consumer centricity. ::: With this research, we plan to contribute to the literature on consumer-centric information systems by elaborating and empirically grounding a socio-technical approach to study mechanisms and their joint application to increase consumer centricity in information systems.
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paper_title: The next industrial revolution: Integrated services and goods

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The outputs or products of an economy can be divided into services products and goods products (due to manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining). To date, the services and goods products have, for the most part, been separately mass produced. However, in contrast to the first and second industrial revolutions which respectively focused on the development and the mass production of goods, the next — or third — industrial revolution is focused on the integration of services and/or goods; it is beginning in this second decade of the 21st Century. The Third Industrial Revolution (TIR) is based on the confluence of three major technological enablers (i.e., big data analytics, adaptive services and digital manufacturing); they underpin the integration or mass customization of services and/or goods. As detailed in an earlier paper, we regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real-time management of supply and demand chains, based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management foci. The benefits of real-time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced — as “servgoods” — in real-time, resulting in an overwhelming economic advantage to the industrialized countries where the consuming customers are at the same time the co-producing producers.
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paper_title: Exploring the role of E-maintenance for value creation in service provision

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Technological innovations has always played an important role in economic growth and industrial productivity, but they have also potential to influence service industry. In particular, they can offer support to the process of servitization in manufacturing companies. This article presents a study regarding the prospective value that different technological innovations can offer to maintenance service provision. A review of different baseline technologies and a categorization of several types of E-maintenance tools and applications has been carried out in order to understand the new functionalities that can potentially bring to the provision of smart maintenance services. Moreover, a value analysis method for representing the contribution of tool categories to several value dimensions is presented here. This method can be used for identifying the best technological solution, matching both customer value and provider value, i.e. conforming a win-win situation for the parties involved in the service provision. Some preliminary results based on a survey are eventually given as a first test of its applicability.
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paper_title: Contrasting risk perceptions of technology-based service innovations in inter-organizational settings

paper_content:

Despite the rapid growth and potential of technology-based services, managers' greatest challenges are gaining customer acceptance and increasing usage of these new innovative services. In the B2C field, studies of self-service technology show that perceived risk is an important factor influencing the use of service technology. Though prior research explores different risk types that emerge in consumer settings, risk perception in the B2B setting lacks a detailed examination of different risk types influencing technology-based service adoption. Data from 49 qualitative interviews with providers and customers in two different B2B industries inform this study. The findings emphasize the importance of functional and financial risks in a B2B context and show that business customers' personal and psychological fears hinder their use of technology-based services. Results highlight differences in risk perception and evaluation between customers and providers.
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paper_title: Digital Service Innovation from Open Data: Exploring the Value Proposition of an Open Data Marketplace

paper_content:

Open data marketplaces have emerged as a mode of addressing open data adoption barriers. However, knowledge of how such marketplaces affect digital service innovation in open data ecosystems is limited. This paper explores their value proposition for open data users based on an exploratory case study. Five prominent perceived values are identified: lower task complexity, higher access to knowledge, increased possibilities to influence, lower risk and higher visibility. The impact on open data adoption barriers is analyzed and the consequences for ecosystem sustainability is discussed. The paper concludes that open data marketplaces can lower the threshold of using open data by providing better access to open data and associated support services, and by increasing knowledge transfer within the ecosystem.
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paper_title: High Tech and High Touch: A Framework for Understanding User Attitudes and Behaviors Related to Smart Interactive Services

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Smart interactive services, in contrast with other technology-based services, require significant human-to-human interaction and collaboration in addition to the service provided by the embedded technology itself. The authors’ foundational Delphi study confirms smart interactive services (e.g., remote diagnosis, remote repair of equipment, and telemedicine) are a rapidly growing innovation category across industries. Yet, gaining user acceptance of these types of services presents a significant challenge for managers. To address this challenge, the authors employ a grounded theory approach, drawing on depth interviews, to develop a framework of barriers and facilitators to users’ attitudinal and behavioral responses to smart interactive services. The findings reveal a new set of beliefs that are critical in this context. These beliefs are tied to the human element and specifically pertain to beliefs about the “service counterpart (SC),” who is the provider’s employee controlling the technology. Control, t...
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paper_title: Smart governance for smart industries

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In this paper, we present a vision of smartness as an environment in which humans and devices, visible and unseen, provide a wide range of e-services trying to make a person's life easier, more comfortable and more efficient. Economic and privacy issues are discussed as the most challenging. We argue that only direct income from consumers of e-services may guarantee sustainable development of smart industries. We present threats coming from smart industries and smart governance which may abuse trust of people who are served. We indicate the triple role of smart governance: first, to become smart and avoid a smartness gap between the public and private sectors; second, to boost smart industries, while third, and simultaneously, enforcing the codes of protecting privacy.
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paper_title: Interoperable eHealth platform for personalized smart services

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Independent living is one of the main challenges linked to an increasing ageing population and concerns both patients and healthy elderlies. A lot of research has focused on the area of ambient-assisted living (AAL) technologies towards an intelligent caring home environment able to offer personalized context-aware applications to serve the user's needs. This paper proposes the use of advised sensing, context-aware and cloud-based lifestyle reasoning to design an innovative eHealth platform that supports highly personalized smart services to primary users. The architecture of the platform has been designed in accordance with the interoperability requirements and standards as proposed by ITU-T and Continua Alliance. In particular, we define the interface dependencies and functional requirements needed, to allow eCare and eHealth vendors to manufacture interoperable sensors, ambient and home networks, telehealth platforms, health support applications and software services. Finally, data mining techniques in relation to the proposed architecture are also proposed to enhance the overall AAL experience of the users.
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paper_title: A service-oriented framework to the design of information system service

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The beginning of this century is marked by a paradigm shift due to the move of the production focus from goods-dominant to a service-dominant. At the same time, manufacturing automation and integration are undergoing changes, which open the possibility for classical model oriented products to be replaced by service models, supported by cognitive information systems. This paper analyzes a proposal to achieve a sound design process for service systems, which follows the model driven tendency. In fact, the aim is to bring together practical and formal approach, and therefore, to propose a good design discipline based on SOMF (Service Oriented Model Framework). Based on this model driven approach a new environment were developed which supports elicitation, modeling and requirements analysis supported by semi-formal methods (SOMF and UML) and formal methods (by using SysML and Petri Nets). The proposed method is applied to a case study based in an urban Smart Grid.
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paper_title: Design of emerging digital services: a taxonomy

paper_content:

There has been a gigantic shift from a product based economy to one based on services, specifically digital services. From every indication it is likely to be more than a passing fad and the changes these emerging digital services represent will continue to transform commerce and have yet to reach market saturation. Digital services are being designed for and offered to users, yet very little is known about the design process that goes behind these developments. Is there a science behind designing digital services? By examining 12 leading digital services, we have developed a design taxonomy to be able to classify and contrast digital services. What emerged in the taxonomy were two broad dimensions; a set of fundamental design objectives and a set of fundamental service provider objectives. This paper concludes with an application of the proposed taxonomy to three leading digital services. We hope that the proposed taxonomy will be useful in understanding the science behind the design of digital services.
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paper_title: Cloud semantic-based dynamic multimodal platform for building mhealth context-aware services

paper_content:

Currently, everybody wish to access to applications from a wide variety of devices (PC, Tablet, Smartphone, Set-top-box, etc.) in situations including various interactions and modalities (mouse, tactile screen, voice, gesture detection, etc.). At home, users interact with many devices and get access to many multimedia oriented documents (hosted on local drives, on cloud storage, online streaming, etc.) in various situations with multiple (and sometimes at the same time) devices. The diversity and heterogeneity of users profiles and service sources can be a barrier to discover the available services sources that can come from anywhere from the home or the city. The objective of this paper is to suggest a meta-level architecture for increasing the high level of context concepts abstracting for heterogeneous profiles and service sources via a top-level ontology. We particularly focus on context-aware mHealth applications and propose an ontologies-based architecture, OntoSmart (a top-ONTOlogy SMART), which provides adapted services that help users to broadcast of multimedia documents and their use with interactive services in order to help in maintaining old people at home and achieving their preferences. In order to validate our proposal, we have used Semantic Web, Cloud and Middlewares by specifying and matching OWL profiles and experiment their usage on several platforms.
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paper_title: User involvement in the innovation process: Development of a framework for e-services

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This paper focuses on user involvement in the innovation process in the area of services and especially e-services, a highly unexplored topic. Our research is built on a comprehensive review of the resource-based view, customer/user integration and e-services. A qualitative investigation is performed to explore the situation concerning user involvement in several different companies offering e-services. Based on our findings and previous research a framework for analyzing existing involvement activities and for the generation of new forms of user involvement in the innovation process is developed. The framework consists out of six dimensions and also takes into account internal and external factors affecting the company's innovation activities.
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paper_title: Adaptive blurring of sensor data to balance privacy and utility for ubiquitous services

paper_content:

Given the trend towards mobile computing, the next generation of ubiquitous "smart" services will have to continuously analyze surrounding sensor data. More than ever, such services will rely on data potentially related to personal activities to perform their tasks, e.g. to predict urban traffic or local weather conditions. However, revealing personal data inevitably entails privacy risks, especially when data is shared with high precision and frequency. For example, by analyzing the precise electric consumption data, it can be inferred if a person is currently at home, however this can empower new services such as a smart heating system. Access control (forbid or grant access) or anonymization techniques are not able to deal with such trade-off because whether they completely prohibit access to data or lose source traceability. Blurring techniques, by tuning data quality, offer a wide range of trade-offs between privacy and utility for services. However, the amount of ubiquitous services and their data quality requirements lead to an explosion of possible configurations of blurring algorithms. To manage this complexity, in this paper we propose a platform that automatically adapts (at runtime) blurring components between data owners and data consumers (services). The platform searches the optimal trade-off between service utility and privacy risks using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms to adapt the underlying communication platform. We evaluate our approach on a sensor network gateway and show its suitability in terms of i) effectiveness to find an appropriate solution, ii) efficiency and scalability.
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paper_title: A Context-Aware Services Development Model

paper_content:

currently the context models focus more on the expression ability rather on the automatic deployment and execution capability. Also a context aware platform is required to support the modeling and automatic deployment and execution of the context aware system. This paper aims to build an executable context model and define the architecture of the context aware system as well. Firstly a context-aware services development model is proposed. And then the architecture of the context-aware system is defined. The lifecycle of such system includes two phase, namely design phase and running phase. In service design phase, the development model can describe user's context, situation, and services' configuration information. While in running phase, the execution engine can build the instances of a model and navigating the execution of the model, namely, receive the context changing events, manage the user's Scene transitions and invoke the context-aware services according to the scene's configuration. In addition the model is exemplified with an elder health monitoring model.
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paper_title: Conceptual framework for services creation/development environment in telecom domain

paper_content:

The telecom service providers (fixed and mobile) understand that they must bring in new smart services in order to attract new customers, retain existing ones and increase revenue. The challenges and goals for doing so are as follows: determining which services are needed; introducing more services in a faster manner and at lower costs; delivering innovative services in a way that allows existing users to migrate smoothly to new ones. These goals could not be achieved with traditional closed and proprietary network infrastructure, as the vendor lock-in involved in that infrastructure results in limited scope of services, and dependency on old business models. New services require a much greater degree of system flexibility, performance and scalability, as well as open standards. Next Generation Network (NGN) provide the means for enabling agile service creation capabilities that facilitate better user experiences by integrating both new and legacy services across any access. However, NGNs involve complex structures even for simple services as they consist of a large number of building blocks and necessitate hierarchical models with a lot of parallel subsystems. Thus, particular attention has to be paid to understanding and modelling the performance of these systems. The rationale of this paper lies in developing a design and engineering methodology (based on a mathematical foundation) that addresses the service creation aspects for those fields in which traditional approaches will not work for NGNs.
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paper_title: Case study: From legacy to connectivity migrating industrial devices into the world of smart services

paper_content:

Europa has launched multiple initiatives and research projects to remain competitive in a globalized world and keep industry and manufacturing on-shore. Funded by EU and member countries, project ARROWHEAD[1] focuses research and innovation for collaborative automation using interoperable services for smart production, to improve quality, efficiency, flexibility and cost competiveness. This includes an important new aspect called “Smart Services”, which aims to apply SOA (service oriented architecture) to maintenance and service of production systems and its parts, which still carry a huge potential for further gains in cost and energy savings. However, there will be no “big bang”. How can we turn present-day variety of diverse, specialized, and legacy loaded embedded systems into connected, SOA based cooperating participants of the Internet of Things (IoT)? This case study portrays the solution followed in ARROWHEAD WP1.1, for devices used in end-ofline (EoL) test systems in automotive powertrain production.
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paper_title: Smart tourism: foundations and developments

paper_content:

Smart tourism is a new buzzword applied to describe the increasing reliance of tourism destinations, their industries and their tourists on emerging forms of ICT that allow for massive amounts of data to be transformed into value propositions. However, it remains ill-defined as a concept, which hinders its theoretical development. The paper defines smart tourism, sheds light on current smart tourism trends, and then lays out its technological and business foundations. This is followed by a brief discussion on the prospects and drawbacks of smart tourism. The paper further draws attention to the great need for research to inform smart tourism development and management.
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paper_title: Digital service analysis and design: the role of process modelling

paper_content:

Digital libraries are evolving from content-centric systems to person-centric systems. Emergent services are interactive and multidimensional, associated systems multi-tiered and distributed. A holistic perspective is essential to their effective analysis and design, for beyond technical considerations, there are complex social, economic, organisational, and ergonomic requirements and relationships to consider. Such a perspective cannot be gained without direct user involvement, yet evidence suggests that development teams may be failing to effectively engage with users, relying on requirements derived from anecdotal evidence or prior experience. In such instances, there is a risk that services might be well designed, but functionally useless. This paper highlights the role of process modelling in gaining such perspective. Process modelling challenges, approaches, and success factors are considered, discussed with reference to a recent evaluation of usability and usefulness of a UK National Health Service (NHS) digital library. Reflecting on lessons learnt, recommendations are made regarding appropriate process modelling approach and application.
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paper_title: BIT — A framework and architecture for providing digital services for physical products

paper_content:

Mobile phones are increasingly able to read auto-id labels, such as barcodes or RFID tags. As virtually all consumer products sold today are equipped with such a label, this opens the possibility for a wide range of novel digital services building on physical products. In this paper, we discuss the problems that arise when such novel applications are deployed, and present a unified system architecture for providing mobile phone-based digital services in the Internet of Things, called BIT. BIT aims to be a “single point of interaction” for users when accessing the services of a variety of tagged objects. BIT also aids service developers and product manufacturers in deploying services linked to tagged products, by providing a cross-device development and deployment framework. We have used BIT to quickly implement nine diverse services in a prototypical fashion, and report on our inital experiences with the framework.
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paper_title: Strategies in Smart Service Systems Enabled Multi-sided Markets: Business Models for the Internet of Things

paper_content:

Internet of Things has the potential to disrupt industries through changing products, services, and business models just as the Internet did in the '90s. Machine-to-machine communication is at the core of Internet of Things. Machines that we interact with in everyday life will start interacting with each other, collect data, and even use advances in data technologies to make decisions for us. Organizations, in order to achieve the highest profit, should also redesign their business service models conscientiously around externalities across markets that link through platforms and be specific about which markets to serve. In this research, we aim to build business ownership strategies to further two-sided markets and platforms literature. Herein, we focus on a number of business service models that link four sides of a market, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of network externalities generated by Internet of Things in each model.
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paper_title: Global Sensor Modeling and Constrained Application Methods Enabling Cloud-Based Open Space Smart Services

paper_content:

The deployment and provisioning of intelligent systems and utility-based services will greatly benefit from a cloud-based intelligent middleware framework, which could be deployed over multiple infrastructure providers (such as smart cities, hospitals, campus and private enterprises, offices, etc.) in order to deliver on-demand access to smart services. This paper introduces the formulation of an open source integrated intelligent platform as solution for integrating global sensor networks, providing design principles for cloud-based intelligent environments and discuss infrastructure functional modules and their implementation. This paper review briefly technologies enabling the framework, towards emphasizes on demand establishment of smart cities services based on the automated formulation of ubiquitous intelligence of Internet connected objects. The framework introduced founds on the GSN infrastructure. The framework leverages W3C SSN-XG formal language and the IETF COAP protocol, providing support for enabling intelligent (sensors-objects) services. The service requirements for particular smart city scenario are introduced and initial implementations and results from performed simulations studied and discussed.
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paper_title: Ubiquitous Infrastructure and Smart Service on City Gas Environments in Korea

paper_content:

The information technology paradigm shifts to smart service environment, as ubiquitous technologies are used in the latest industry trend. The major features of ubiquitous smart service are high dynamism and heterogeneity of their environment and the need for context awareness. In order to resolve these features, it is necessary to develop middleware that meet various new requirements. This paper designed middleware on ubiquitous smart service for enhancing the safety and reliability to city gas environment in Korea. The object of this paper will support cornerstone in order to construct the framework of intelligent infrastructure and service for autonomic management.
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paper_title: Developing Advanced Context Aware Tools for Mobile Maintenance

paper_content:

Abstract The rapid technological progress in the domains of wireless sensor networks, mobile application development and computational intelligence has fueled the construction of "smart" environments in both domestic and industrial settings. Such environments are equipped with a wide range of sensors, identification tags and interaction devices, capable of sensing, recording, interpreting and reacting to human activity and presence. Context-awareness constitutes a major challenge for developers of smart services, since both design and implementation are increasingly supported by widely adopted frameworks and well-structured tools. The value adding features of context-based services find their way into many industrial systems through the adoption of mobile computing. Acting as a constant context monitoring agent, a tablet or a smartphone can expand the capacity of a shoop floor system actor to carry out asset management tasks. Context interpretation and system adaptation are highly specialized processes that essentially use predefined or dynamically build semantics to filter and configure the mobile actor's access session. In this paper we discuss the context semantics for an IT infrastructure that serves engineering asset management and specifically supports maintenance practice and planning. Evaluating the available software methodologies that can drive the implementation of such an infrastructure, we perform a suitability study for the development of a maintenance management and a condition monitoring portable client. Our goal is to identify and assess the weighted significance for a domain-focused set of functional parameters, used to define a context-based mobile tool scaled for industrial shop-floor complexity.
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paper_title: Network ontology and dynamics analysis for collaborative innovation in digital services

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With the advances of digital technologies and participative webs of services, knowledge-intensive digital services have thrived on a rapidly expanding platform-based network economy. There is a great need for a comprehensive research on knowledge based analysis on social network and business network evolution to facilitate collaborative development of digital services. This research aims to develop an ontology-guided analysis of networking to facilitate the formation of the innovation network to create new digital services. Central to the research is a dynamic ontology construct that could articulate the evolution of the social and business networks driven by the prospects of value creation with networking structure and routines contributing to recognizing, engaging, and mobilizing key actors and resources. Based on a prototype model and a series of case studies of the emerging knowledge-intensive service industries, this research explores the potential of the model in adapting to the heterogeneity of the service demands and collaboration mechanisms in the service network. Through in-depth model-based analysis and synthesis of the emerging digital service activities, this research expects to develop an ontology-based platform for knowledge creation and network management system to capture the extensive opportunities for value creation in participative webs of services on experience economics.
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paper_title: Towards Personalized Smart City Guide Services in Future Internet Environments

paper_content:

The FI-CONTENT project aims at establishing the foundation of a European infrastructure for developing and testing novel smart city services. The Smart City Services Platform will develop enabling technology for SMEs and developer to create services offering residents and visitors to cities smart services that enhance their city visit or daily life. We have made use of generic, specific and common enablers to develop a reference implementation, the Smart City Guide web app. The basic information is provided by the Open City Database, an open source specific enabler that can be used for any city in Europe. Recommendation as a Service is an enabler that can be applied to lots use cases, here we describe how we integrated it into the Smart City Guide. The uses cases will be iteratively improved and upgraded during regular iterative cycles based on feedback gained in lab and field trials at the experimentation sites. As the app is transferable to any city, it will be tested at a number of experimentation sites.
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paper_title: MoSS: Mobile Smart Services for ubiquitous network management

paper_content:

We present an intelligence-based mobile solution addressing product life cycle and overall network management functions. Traditional network and service management systems rely on basic inventory information periodically collected from the network in order to establish the basic “Install Base” network view. Such collection systems, however, still require manual human manipulations given the required device's electronically embedded predefined parameters are often inaccurate or absent. Leveraging mobile agents and ubiquitous computing in networks, we developed the Mobile Smart Services (MoSS), a location-aware solution as well as a novel interactive interface to improve the collected parameters and Return Material Authorization (RMA) user experience. The fluid interaction, mobility, and efficiency of the system allow network service providers and customers to solve network management problems. The applications developed also enable ubiquitous inventory management, intelligent contract management and effective system diagnosis to improve productivity in complicated network systems.
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paper_title: Toward the construction knowledge economy : The e-cognos project

paper_content:

The paper focuses upon the contribution that knowledge management portals can make to the enhancement, development and improvement of professional expertise in the Construction domain. The paper is based on the e-COGNOS project1 which aims at specifying and developing an open ::: model-based infrastructure and a set of tools that promote consistent knowledge management within collaborative construction environments. The specified solution emerged from a comprehensive analysis of the business and information / knowledge management practices of the project end-users. The system architect uses a Construction specific ontology as a basis for specifying adaptive ::: mechanisms that can organise documents according to their contents and interdependencies, while maintaining their overall consistency. e-COGNOS has a web-based infrastructure will include services allowing to create, capture, index, retrieve and disseminate knowledge. It also promotes the integration of third-party services, including proprietary tools. The e-COGNOS approach will be tested and evaluated through a series of field trials. This will be followed by the delivery of business recommendations regarding the deployment of e-COGNOS in the construction sector. The research is ongoing and supported by the European Commission under the IST programme – Key Action II
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paper_title: Prototyping Smart City applications over large scale M2M testbed

paper_content:

Many cities around the globe are adopting the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as part of a strategy to transform into Smart Cities. These will allow cities in the developing world to cope with the ever increasing demand for services such as an effective electricity supply, healthcare and water management. Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication standards play a vital role in enabling the development of Smart Cities by supporting new innovative services. Although Smart City services offer an exciting future, many challenges still have to be addressed in order to allow for mainstream adoption. This work focuses on issues related to prototyping Smart City services that utilize standardised M2M middleware platforms. In addition, the use of an inter-continental testbed for Smart City applications as an enabler for innovative, automated and interactive services is presented. The services developed will use an architecture which is based on the Smart City framework developed as part of the Testbeds for Reliable Smart City Machine-to-Machine Communication (TRESCIMO) project. These services will also serve as means to validate the use of Smart services within an African City's context. In addition, the architecture is validated by taking into account various real world use cases for Smart City applications.
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paper_title: Smart servitization within the context of industrial user–supplier relationships: contingencies according to a machine tool manufacturer

paper_content:

Advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) have been hailed as enablers to make industrial products and operations smart. The present paper argues that AMT can not only form a lever for developing smart goods and smart production environments, but can likewise form a basis to offer smart services and to propose servitized earning or payment models to industrial users. We do so on the basis of a literature review, followed by a case-based analysis of the AMT and servitization challenges to which a machine tool manufacturer is exposed in its industrial market environment. Consequently, the present study identifies a set of contingencies c.q. catalyzers with regard to seizing AMT for smart servitization practices within industrial business-to-business contexts. These are: the ability to capture relevant data; to exploit such data adequately and convert them into actionable knowledge; and to build trust among users and producers of capital goods in order to come to effective data exchange. We finish by deriving implications for smart servitization in a manufacturing context, and by outlining case-based lessons on how AMT and servitization can further interactive design and manufacturing practices in an industrial producer-user setting. We contend that there may be a gap between the technological and organizational readiness of (many) machine tool companies for smart servitization, on the one hand, and what different publications on AMT and Industry 4.0 are trying to make out. We also find that besides the high-tech and big data components to smart servitization, companies with an ambition in this field should take into account minimum/right information principles, to actually get to deep learning, and to establish a culture of trust with business partners, and inside implicated organizations among departments to create an environment in which smart servitized user-supplier relationships can prosper.
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paper_title: Framework design for distributed service robotic systems

paper_content:

Service robot is one of the most promising industries in the future. Modular framework for designing and implementing a distributed service robot system including robot and intelligent environment is proposed. Components as sensors and actuators of a robotic system are standardized in both hardware and software design, resulting in an abstraction of digital smart devices with certain functions. A unified software platform with a core of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) middleware is established for the system. It employs the Player toolkit to access smart devices via drivers and interfaces, and the Web Service technology is introduced for automatic collaboration of smart services according to their functions. An implementation of a home-care service robotic system is described with 2D/3D realistic simulation. Experimental results validate the flexibility and open performance of the proposed demo system.
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paper_title: Contrasting risk perceptions of technology-based service innovations in inter-organizational settings

paper_content:

Despite the rapid growth and potential of technology-based services, managers' greatest challenges are gaining customer acceptance and increasing usage of these new innovative services. In the B2C field, studies of self-service technology show that perceived risk is an important factor influencing the use of service technology. Though prior research explores different risk types that emerge in consumer settings, risk perception in the B2B setting lacks a detailed examination of different risk types influencing technology-based service adoption. Data from 49 qualitative interviews with providers and customers in two different B2B industries inform this study. The findings emphasize the importance of functional and financial risks in a B2B context and show that business customers' personal and psychological fears hinder their use of technology-based services. Results highlight differences in risk perception and evaluation between customers and providers.
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paper_title: A Smart Hospital Information System for Mental Disorders

paper_content:

This study aims to build a smart hospital information framework to deal with various medical information. First, a ubiquitous smart hospital information system model under WaaS (Wisdom as a Service) architecture is proposed. With this model, medical information can be organized into different levels. In this model, novel methods of organizing medical information (offline computing) and smart services delivering (online computing) are defined. The methods are used to supply medical knowledge recommendation services to patients according to their personalized condition and context. As a use case, a smart medical knowledge recommendation system, namely SKeWa, was built to reveal the usefulness of the model and the methods.
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paper_title: Applications of big data to smart cities

paper_content:

Many governments are considering adopting the smart city concept in their cities and implementing big data applications that support smart city components to reach the required level of sustainability and improve the living standards. Smart cities utilize multiple technologies to improve the performance of health, transportation, energy, education, and water services leading to higher levels of comfort of their citizens. This involves reducing costs and resource consumption in addition to more effectively and actively engaging with their citizens. One of the recent technologies that has a huge potential to enhance smart city services is big data analytics. As digitization has become an integral part of everyday life, data collection has resulted in the accumulation of huge amounts of data that can be used in various beneficial application domains. Effective analysis and utilization of big data is a key factor for success in many business and service domains, including the smart city domain. This paper reviews the applications of big data to support smart cities. It discusses and compares different definitions of the smart city and big data and explores the opportunities, challenges and benefits of incorporating big data applications for smart cities. In addition it attempts to identify the requirements that support the implementation of big data applications for smart city services. The review reveals that several opportunities are available for utilizing big data in smart cities; however, there are still many issues and challenges to be addressed to achieve better utilization of this technology.
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paper_title: Internet of Things for a Smart and Ubiquitous eHealth System

paper_content:

Connected data has always been considered as a primary source to knowledge. Internet of Things uses the virtue of connecting this data from different entities and creates a pool of knowledge for providing smart services to users, based on rigorous analysis and processing over the knowledge. The communication in this context scales to not only between machine to machine but also between a large number of heterogeneous entities and persons. This genius technology of Internet of Things holds paramount importance and application in healthcare technologies. Considering health technologies, a large number of devices generate huge amount of data related to a patient. Assimilating the data from heterogeneous sources and using it to generate intelligence is one of the primary tasks in a smart environment. In the context of eHealth, Internet of Things is of immense importance since connected data about patient would facilitate treatment with more efficiency and comprehensive knowledge. Virtually storing the patient data and making it ubiquitously accessible to concerned healthcare personnel would be the first step toward mutual knowledge sharing. Another important aspect of using this connected data is the design of an intelligent clinical decision support system which would assist the doctors in every possible way during the treatment phase. A model has been proposed with an inclusive approach of Internet of Things in eHealth scenario for a smart medical environment and providing ubiquitous services at its best. Several issues pertaining to the system has also been discussed accordingly. Nevertheless, the enormous spread of Internet of Things for efficient and intelligent healthcare services holds quite inevitable. Rather it adds to the foundation notion of ubiquitous services by making available to everyone and everywhere. The new age eHealth facilities are expected to enable end-to-end monitoring systems even at remote scenarios, helping medical services reach the unreached.
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paper_title: Scalable real-time monitoring system for ubiquitous smart space

paper_content:

Scalable real-time monitoring is one of important requirements to supply smart services for customers, on time, in ubiquitous smart space. We propose a scalable real-time monitoring method to aggregate large amounts of data from various sensor devices distributed over different domain areas. The real-time monitoring scheme can process data from sensor devices within deadline and is scalable based on the number of sensor devices. The scalability of monitoring can be improved by employing a hierarchical monitoring agent for sensor devices while still satisfying the data deadlines. Simulation results show that our real-time monitoring scheme can improve the met deadline ratio up to 27% compared to the previous schemes.
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paper_title: QoS based framework for ubiquitous robotic services composition

paper_content:

With the growing emergence of ubiquitous computing and networked systems, ubiquitous robotics is becoming an active research domain. The issue of services composition to offer seamless access to a variety of complex services has received widespread attention in recent years. The majority of the proposed approaches have been inspired from the research undertaken jointly on Workflow and AI-based classical planning techniques. However, the traditional AI-based methods assume that the environment is static and the invocation of the services is deterministic. In ubiquitous robotics, services composition is a challenging issue when the execution environment and services are dynamic and the knowledge about their state and context is uncertain. The services composition requires taking into account the parameters of quality of service (QoS) to adapt the composed service to context of the user and the environment, in particular, dealing with failures such as: service invocation failures, network disconnection, sensor failures, context change due to mobility of objects (robots, sensors, etc.), service discovery failures and service execution failures. In this paper, we present a framework which gives ubiquitous robotic system the ability to dynamically compose and deliver ubiquitous services, and to monitor their execution. The main motivation behind the use of services composition is to decrease time and costs to develop integrated complex applications using robots by transforming them from a single task issuer to smart services provider and human companion, without rebuilding each time the robotic system. To address these new challenges, we propose in this paper a new framework for services composition and monitoring, including QoS estimation and Bayesian learning model to deal with the dynamic and uncertain nature of the environment. This framework includes three levels: abstract plan construction, plan execution, and services discovery and re-composition. This approach is tested under USARSim simulator on a prototype of ubiquitous robotic services for assisting an elderly person at home. The obtained results from extensive tests demonstrate clearly the feasibility and efficiency of our approach.
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paper_title: Smart services for home automation. managing concurrency and failures: New wine in old bottles ?

paper_content:

Home automation represents a growing market in the industrialized world. Today's systems are mainly based on ad hoc and proprietary solution, with little to no interoperability and smart integration. However, in a not so distant future, devices installed in our home will be able to smartly interact and integrate in order to offer complex services with rich functionalities. Realizing this kind of integration push developers to increase the amount of abstraction within the software architecture. In this paper we give a high-level view of what are the inherent trade-offs that stem from this process of abstraction and suggest how they could be tackled in these complex home automation systems. More specifically we focus our analysis on two problems: concurrent execultion of multiple plans and failure detection.
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paper_title: Service-oriented networking platform on smart devices

paper_content:

This study presents the design of a service-oriented networking platform to offer dynamic networking services in support of mobile group communications among connected smart devices. This platform enables users to access smart services anywhere and anytime with embedded devices while satisfying their requirements of various smart services. The proposed platform adopts a session initiation protocol (SIP) protocol as service signalling protocol that provides high extensibility and compatibility with an existing service system. The overlay network structure suggested in our platform provides an advantage of building a scalable and dynamic service network based on multiple smart zones. Furthermore, the quality of end-to-end service in dynamic network environments is guaranteed by virtue of the smart delivery scheme in the platform.
---
paper_title: Exploring Platform Adoption in the Smart Home Case

paper_content:

Smart home (SH) services promote the comfort, convenience, security, entertainment, healthcare, education and communication of people in their home environments. Despite radical enhancements envisioned to peoples’ lives, the SH market has remained a niche for more than three decades. Yet, recent fast-paced developments, including ubiquitous computing, miniaturization of microelectronic components and digitalization of societies, have spurred a new wave of interest in a field populated by various technology platforms battling for dominance. In this light, we explore the determinants for wide-spread adoption of SH platforms informed by 21 experts from 19 companies. Our qualitative content analysis identifies, classifies, ranks and describes 34 determinants and yields a theoretical model on SH platform adoption. As such, we provide a basis for further research on platform ecosystems and managerial implications on platform design and governance in the SH field. In particular, we highlight the technical and organizational openness and the legitimacy of sponsorship.
---
paper_title: QoS based framework for ubiquitous robotic services composition

paper_content:

With the growing emergence of ubiquitous computing and networked systems, ubiquitous robotics is becoming an active research domain. The issue of services composition to offer seamless access to a variety of complex services has received widespread attention in recent years. The majority of the proposed approaches have been inspired from the research undertaken jointly on Workflow and AI-based classical planning techniques. However, the traditional AI-based methods assume that the environment is static and the invocation of the services is deterministic. In ubiquitous robotics, services composition is a challenging issue when the execution environment and services are dynamic and the knowledge about their state and context is uncertain. The services composition requires taking into account the parameters of quality of service (QoS) to adapt the composed service to context of the user and the environment, in particular, dealing with failures such as: service invocation failures, network disconnection, sensor failures, context change due to mobility of objects (robots, sensors, etc.), service discovery failures and service execution failures. In this paper, we present a framework which gives ubiquitous robotic system the ability to dynamically compose and deliver ubiquitous services, and to monitor their execution. The main motivation behind the use of services composition is to decrease time and costs to develop integrated complex applications using robots by transforming them from a single task issuer to smart services provider and human companion, without rebuilding each time the robotic system. To address these new challenges, we propose in this paper a new framework for services composition and monitoring, including QoS estimation and Bayesian learning model to deal with the dynamic and uncertain nature of the environment. This framework includes three levels: abstract plan construction, plan execution, and services discovery and re-composition. This approach is tested under USARSim simulator on a prototype of ubiquitous robotic services for assisting an elderly person at home. The obtained results from extensive tests demonstrate clearly the feasibility and efficiency of our approach.
---
paper_title: Identifying enablers for future e-Services

paper_content:

The starting point of the project is the observation that new information and communication technologies (ICT) are often introduced without taking into account the requirements of elderly and/or disabled users, resulting in products and services that are hardly usable by those users. A method for identifying enablers for future e-Services is described. In short it identifies usability problems with future interation technologies and map these future interaction technologies to e-Services. The results of investigations using this method allow stakeholders in different stages of the research and development lifecycle e-Services to spot potential difficulties in the design of user interfaces which could cause elderly or disabled users to experience usability issues.
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paper_title: Knowledge Extraction and Reuse within "Smart" Service Centers

paper_content:

In this paper, we describe the initial version of a text analytics system under development and use at Cisco, where the objective is to "optimize" the productivity and effectiveness of the service center. More broadly, we discuss the practical needs in industry for developing powerful "Smart" Service Centers and the gaps in research to meet these needs. Ideally, service engineers in service centers should be utilized to handle issues which have not been solved previously and machines should be used to solve problems already solved, or at least help the service engineers obtain pertinent information from related and solved service cases when responding to a new request. Such a role for a machine would be a core element of the "Smart Services" offering. Hence, design of a highly efficient human-machine combination to derive insights from text and respond to a user request, is critical and fundamental, this enables service agents to capture relevant information quickly and accurately, and to develop the foundation for upper layer applications. Despite extensive earlier literature, the optimization for service process that involves very long, unstructured documents referencing a number of technology and product related terms with implicit inter-relationships has not been fully investigated. Our approach enables firms such as Cisco to achieve efficient service delivery by automating knowledge extraction to support "Self Service" by end users. The Cisco text analytics system termed Service Request Analyzer and Recommender (SRAR) addresses gaps in the Support Services function, by optimizing the use of human resources and software analytics in the service delivery process. The Analyzer is able to handle complex service requests (SRs) and to present categorized and pertinent information to service agents, based on which the Recommender, an upper layer application, is built to retrieve similar solved SRs, when presented with a new request. Our contributions in the context of text analysis and system design are three-fold. First, we identify the elements of the diagnostic process underlying the creation of SRs, and design a hierarchical classifier to decompose the complex SRs into those elements. Such decomposition provides specific information from the functional perspectives about "What was the problem?" "Why did it occur?" and "How was it solved?" which assists service agents in acquiring the knowledge they need more effectively and rapidly. Second, we build an SR Recommender on top of SR Analyzer to extend the system functionality for improved knowledge reuse, to measure SR similarity for more accurate recommendation of SRs. Third, we validate our SRAR in an initial pilot study in the service center for Cisco network diagnostics and support, and demonstrate the effectiveness and extensibility of our system. Our system appears applicable to the service centers across multiple domains, including networks, aerospace, semiconductors, automotive, health care, and financial services, and potentially adapted and expanded to all the other business functions of an enterprise. We conclude by indicating open research problems and new research directions, to expand the set of problems that need to be addressed in developing a Smart Support Services capability, and the solutions required to achieve them. These include the capture, retrieval, and reuse of more refined, structured and granulated knowledge, as well as the use of forum threads and semi-automated, dynamic categorization, together with considerations of the optimal use of humans and machine learning based software. Other aspects we discuss include recommendation systems based on temporal pattern clustering and incentives for experts to permit their expertise to be captured for machine (re-)use.
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paper_title: Global Sensor Modeling and Constrained Application Methods Enabling Cloud-Based Open Space Smart Services

paper_content:

The deployment and provisioning of intelligent systems and utility-based services will greatly benefit from a cloud-based intelligent middleware framework, which could be deployed over multiple infrastructure providers (such as smart cities, hospitals, campus and private enterprises, offices, etc.) in order to deliver on-demand access to smart services. This paper introduces the formulation of an open source integrated intelligent platform as solution for integrating global sensor networks, providing design principles for cloud-based intelligent environments and discuss infrastructure functional modules and their implementation. This paper review briefly technologies enabling the framework, towards emphasizes on demand establishment of smart cities services based on the automated formulation of ubiquitous intelligence of Internet connected objects. The framework introduced founds on the GSN infrastructure. The framework leverages W3C SSN-XG formal language and the IETF COAP protocol, providing support for enabling intelligent (sensors-objects) services. The service requirements for particular smart city scenario are introduced and initial implementations and results from performed simulations studied and discussed.
---
paper_title: Cloud semantic-based dynamic multimodal platform for building mhealth context-aware services

paper_content:

Currently, everybody wish to access to applications from a wide variety of devices (PC, Tablet, Smartphone, Set-top-box, etc.) in situations including various interactions and modalities (mouse, tactile screen, voice, gesture detection, etc.). At home, users interact with many devices and get access to many multimedia oriented documents (hosted on local drives, on cloud storage, online streaming, etc.) in various situations with multiple (and sometimes at the same time) devices. The diversity and heterogeneity of users profiles and service sources can be a barrier to discover the available services sources that can come from anywhere from the home or the city. The objective of this paper is to suggest a meta-level architecture for increasing the high level of context concepts abstracting for heterogeneous profiles and service sources via a top-level ontology. We particularly focus on context-aware mHealth applications and propose an ontologies-based architecture, OntoSmart (a top-ONTOlogy SMART), which provides adapted services that help users to broadcast of multimedia documents and their use with interactive services in order to help in maintaining old people at home and achieving their preferences. In order to validate our proposal, we have used Semantic Web, Cloud and Middlewares by specifying and matching OWL profiles and experiment their usage on several platforms.
---
paper_title: Prototyping Smart City applications over large scale M2M testbed

paper_content:

Many cities around the globe are adopting the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as part of a strategy to transform into Smart Cities. These will allow cities in the developing world to cope with the ever increasing demand for services such as an effective electricity supply, healthcare and water management. Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication standards play a vital role in enabling the development of Smart Cities by supporting new innovative services. Although Smart City services offer an exciting future, many challenges still have to be addressed in order to allow for mainstream adoption. This work focuses on issues related to prototyping Smart City services that utilize standardised M2M middleware platforms. In addition, the use of an inter-continental testbed for Smart City applications as an enabler for innovative, automated and interactive services is presented. The services developed will use an architecture which is based on the Smart City framework developed as part of the Testbeds for Reliable Smart City Machine-to-Machine Communication (TRESCIMO) project. These services will also serve as means to validate the use of Smart services within an African City's context. In addition, the architecture is validated by taking into account various real world use cases for Smart City applications.
---
paper_title: Framework design for distributed service robotic systems

paper_content:

Service robot is one of the most promising industries in the future. Modular framework for designing and implementing a distributed service robot system including robot and intelligent environment is proposed. Components as sensors and actuators of a robotic system are standardized in both hardware and software design, resulting in an abstraction of digital smart devices with certain functions. A unified software platform with a core of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) middleware is established for the system. It employs the Player toolkit to access smart devices via drivers and interfaces, and the Web Service technology is introduced for automatic collaboration of smart services according to their functions. An implementation of a home-care service robotic system is described with 2D/3D realistic simulation. Experimental results validate the flexibility and open performance of the proposed demo system.
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paper_title: Towards Smart Service Networks: An Interdisciplinary Service Assessment Metrics

paper_content:

Service Networks (SNs) are open systems accommodating the co-production of new knowledge and services through organic peer-to-peer interactions. Key to broad success of SNs in practice is their ability to foster and ensure a high performance. By performance we mean the joint effort of tremendous interdisciplinary collaboration, cooperation and coordination among the network participants. However, due to the heterogeneous background of such participants (i.e., business, technical, etc.), different interpretations of the shared terminology are likely to happen. Thus, confusion may appear in the multi-disciplinary communication of SNs participants which in turn may lead to performance anomalies. To deal with such a problem, we propose a novel framework of bi-dimensional (business vs technical) performance metric indicators built on the basis of a systems thinking mindset. By using our framework, a holistic picture of the multiple dimensions and structure of SNs is provided, so that the interdisciplinary service participants have a correct understanding of the service scope and required resources in operation. Moreover, and most importantly, it provides a way to examine the performance traceability of the services within a SN.
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paper_title: A Socio-Technical Approach to Study Consumer-Centric Information Systems.

paper_content:

Given the unprecedented role of digital service platforms in private life, this research sets out to identify the mechanisms that are designed into information systems with the purpose to increase consumer centricity. We evaluate the consumer centricity of an information system against three reflective indicators, that is the degree of need orientation, value co-creation and relationship orientation and conceptualize consumer centricity as the ability to align social and technical information system components. ::: We employ a positivist, explanatory case study approach to test three hypotheses on system component alignment in cases from three domains (gaming, social networking, and video sharing). We found preliminary evidence for three alignment mechanisms that increase consumer centricity. ::: With this research, we plan to contribute to the literature on consumer-centric information systems by elaborating and empirically grounding a socio-technical approach to study mechanisms and their joint application to increase consumer centricity in information systems.
---
paper_title: Adaptive blurring of sensor data to balance privacy and utility for ubiquitous services

paper_content:

Given the trend towards mobile computing, the next generation of ubiquitous "smart" services will have to continuously analyze surrounding sensor data. More than ever, such services will rely on data potentially related to personal activities to perform their tasks, e.g. to predict urban traffic or local weather conditions. However, revealing personal data inevitably entails privacy risks, especially when data is shared with high precision and frequency. For example, by analyzing the precise electric consumption data, it can be inferred if a person is currently at home, however this can empower new services such as a smart heating system. Access control (forbid or grant access) or anonymization techniques are not able to deal with such trade-off because whether they completely prohibit access to data or lose source traceability. Blurring techniques, by tuning data quality, offer a wide range of trade-offs between privacy and utility for services. However, the amount of ubiquitous services and their data quality requirements lead to an explosion of possible configurations of blurring algorithms. To manage this complexity, in this paper we propose a platform that automatically adapts (at runtime) blurring components between data owners and data consumers (services). The platform searches the optimal trade-off between service utility and privacy risks using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms to adapt the underlying communication platform. We evaluate our approach on a sensor network gateway and show its suitability in terms of i) effectiveness to find an appropriate solution, ii) efficiency and scalability.
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paper_title: The next industrial revolution: Integrated services and goods

paper_content:

The outputs or products of an economy can be divided into services products and goods products (due to manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining). To date, the services and goods products have, for the most part, been separately mass produced. However, in contrast to the first and second industrial revolutions which respectively focused on the development and the mass production of goods, the next — or third — industrial revolution is focused on the integration of services and/or goods; it is beginning in this second decade of the 21st Century. The Third Industrial Revolution (TIR) is based on the confluence of three major technological enablers (i.e., big data analytics, adaptive services and digital manufacturing); they underpin the integration or mass customization of services and/or goods. As detailed in an earlier paper, we regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real-time management of supply and demand chains, based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management foci. The benefits of real-time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced — as “servgoods” — in real-time, resulting in an overwhelming economic advantage to the industrialized countries where the consuming customers are at the same time the co-producing producers.
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paper_title: Design of emerging digital services: a taxonomy

paper_content:

There has been a gigantic shift from a product based economy to one based on services, specifically digital services. From every indication it is likely to be more than a passing fad and the changes these emerging digital services represent will continue to transform commerce and have yet to reach market saturation. Digital services are being designed for and offered to users, yet very little is known about the design process that goes behind these developments. Is there a science behind designing digital services? By examining 12 leading digital services, we have developed a design taxonomy to be able to classify and contrast digital services. What emerged in the taxonomy were two broad dimensions; a set of fundamental design objectives and a set of fundamental service provider objectives. This paper concludes with an application of the proposed taxonomy to three leading digital services. We hope that the proposed taxonomy will be useful in understanding the science behind the design of digital services.
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paper_title: Strategies in Smart Service Systems Enabled Multi-sided Markets: Business Models for the Internet of Things

paper_content:

Internet of Things has the potential to disrupt industries through changing products, services, and business models just as the Internet did in the '90s. Machine-to-machine communication is at the core of Internet of Things. Machines that we interact with in everyday life will start interacting with each other, collect data, and even use advances in data technologies to make decisions for us. Organizations, in order to achieve the highest profit, should also redesign their business service models conscientiously around externalities across markets that link through platforms and be specific about which markets to serve. In this research, we aim to build business ownership strategies to further two-sided markets and platforms literature. Herein, we focus on a number of business service models that link four sides of a market, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of network externalities generated by Internet of Things in each model.
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paper_title: Global Sensor Modeling and Constrained Application Methods Enabling Cloud-Based Open Space Smart Services

paper_content:

The deployment and provisioning of intelligent systems and utility-based services will greatly benefit from a cloud-based intelligent middleware framework, which could be deployed over multiple infrastructure providers (such as smart cities, hospitals, campus and private enterprises, offices, etc.) in order to deliver on-demand access to smart services. This paper introduces the formulation of an open source integrated intelligent platform as solution for integrating global sensor networks, providing design principles for cloud-based intelligent environments and discuss infrastructure functional modules and their implementation. This paper review briefly technologies enabling the framework, towards emphasizes on demand establishment of smart cities services based on the automated formulation of ubiquitous intelligence of Internet connected objects. The framework introduced founds on the GSN infrastructure. The framework leverages W3C SSN-XG formal language and the IETF COAP protocol, providing support for enabling intelligent (sensors-objects) services. The service requirements for particular smart city scenario are introduced and initial implementations and results from performed simulations studied and discussed.
---
paper_title: Integration of wireless and data technologies for personalized smart applications

paper_content:

Wireless radio-based communication technologies have drastically evolved over the past decades to deliver lower cost, higher efficiency, enhanced quality of experience and diversified smart services (e.g., ambient assisted living, smart grid, e-health). The future development of these technologies faces multi-fold challenges, which are determined by the complexity of the myriad of emerging user and usage scenarios, the scarcity of radio spectrum (licensed and unlicensed), and the quest for user-friendly, data-intensive and security-sensitive technology and applications. This paper outlines the challenges and trends around the integration and development of smart wireless and data technologies, also in relation to standardization. Further, this integration is studied for a specific e-Health scenario in terms of application and usage requirements, involved technologies and required enablers and standardization needs.
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paper_title: Implementation of smart home service over web of object architecture

paper_content:

Internet is an optimal place to human as a producer or a consumer for sharing information until now. In the future, not only the human-generated information but also things will be connected into internet and these will evolve into internet of things(IoT) which can share the information thing-in-itself and its environment. This paper proposes service platform which provides web base IoT services and supports service orchestration and composition with device objectification and describes implementation results of smart home service with things over web of object architecture.
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paper_title: The identification of new service opportunities: a case-based morphological analysis

paper_content:

Abstract Typically, firms try to differentiate their products through the integration of innovative services. For this reason, much recent research into new service development has focused on methods of identifying and generating new service ideas. The most prevalent method for generating a new service is a morphological analysis that decomposes a system into several dimensions and values, and then recombines those values to generate new services. Despite the popularity of morphological analysis, how to build morphological matrix has been an area of subjective expert judgment. In this paper, we focused on the possibility to utilize the big data to the morphological analysis to address the subjective morphological building process, by suggesting a case-based morphological analysis. By employing case-based reasoning and network analysis, firms can easily identify direct and indirect clues for the new services and integrate these results to the morphological building processes. To support this approach, this study first employs a case-based reasoning strategy to collect and identify similar services, and then assesses the patterns in those services through network analysis. By engaging in network analysis, firms can identify key aspects of new services, and determine what kinds of keywords or aspects should be employed for the dimensions and values of morphological matrices.
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paper_title: Interoperable eHealth platform for personalized smart services

paper_content:

Independent living is one of the main challenges linked to an increasing ageing population and concerns both patients and healthy elderlies. A lot of research has focused on the area of ambient-assisted living (AAL) technologies towards an intelligent caring home environment able to offer personalized context-aware applications to serve the user's needs. This paper proposes the use of advised sensing, context-aware and cloud-based lifestyle reasoning to design an innovative eHealth platform that supports highly personalized smart services to primary users. The architecture of the platform has been designed in accordance with the interoperability requirements and standards as proposed by ITU-T and Continua Alliance. In particular, we define the interface dependencies and functional requirements needed, to allow eCare and eHealth vendors to manufacture interoperable sensors, ambient and home networks, telehealth platforms, health support applications and software services. Finally, data mining techniques in relation to the proposed architecture are also proposed to enhance the overall AAL experience of the users.
---
paper_title: Cloud semantic-based dynamic multimodal platform for building mhealth context-aware services

paper_content:

Currently, everybody wish to access to applications from a wide variety of devices (PC, Tablet, Smartphone, Set-top-box, etc.) in situations including various interactions and modalities (mouse, tactile screen, voice, gesture detection, etc.). At home, users interact with many devices and get access to many multimedia oriented documents (hosted on local drives, on cloud storage, online streaming, etc.) in various situations with multiple (and sometimes at the same time) devices. The diversity and heterogeneity of users profiles and service sources can be a barrier to discover the available services sources that can come from anywhere from the home or the city. The objective of this paper is to suggest a meta-level architecture for increasing the high level of context concepts abstracting for heterogeneous profiles and service sources via a top-level ontology. We particularly focus on context-aware mHealth applications and propose an ontologies-based architecture, OntoSmart (a top-ONTOlogy SMART), which provides adapted services that help users to broadcast of multimedia documents and their use with interactive services in order to help in maintaining old people at home and achieving their preferences. In order to validate our proposal, we have used Semantic Web, Cloud and Middlewares by specifying and matching OWL profiles and experiment their usage on several platforms.
---
paper_title: A software framework for enabling smart services

paper_content:

‘Smart’ becomes a buzzword in many sectors of the society. Among them, Smart Service is an emerging paradigm for delivering services with ‘smartness’ features. A key ingredient of smart services is various types of contexts including mobile and social contexts. With the advent of sensor technology and availability in mobile devices, contexts become a key source of information from which situations can be inferred. And, situation-specific services have a high potential of being smart services. However, a number of fundamental technical issues remain unresolved, especially in the area of software framework for developing and deploying smart services. In this paper, we present a software framework for context-aware smart life services, Smart Service Framework (SSF). We begin by defining smart services with key characteristics, and define our architectural design of the SSF. We also define a process for provisioning smart services. And, we specify guidelines and algorithms needed for carrying out the four activities in the process.
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paper_title: Scalable analysis of collective behaviour in smart service systems

paper_content:

The long term vision of smart service systems in which electronic environments are made sensitive and responsive to the presence of, possibly many, people is gradually taking shape through a number of pilot projects. The purposes of such systems vary from intelligent homes that assist their inhabitants to make their lives more independent and comfortable to much larger environments such as airports in which people are provided with context aware, personalised, adaptive and anticipatory services that are most relevant for them given their location and their current activities. This paper is concerned with the exploration of scalable formal models that can address the collective behaviour of a large number of people moving through a smart environment.
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paper_title: Digital assistance services for emergency situations in personalized mobile healthcare: Smart space based approach

paper_content:

Recent progress in technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT) enables advanced scenarios for mobile healthcare (m-Health). In this paper, we consider the service intelligence in m-Health (so called smart services). On the one hand, such a service utilizes the telemedicine approach when existing healthcare services (located in hospital) are delivered to remote patients (out of hospital). On the other hand, construction and delivery of a smart service benefit from additional intelligence attributes, beyond a fixed set of healthcare services of a given medical information system. For this promising class of m-Health services, we introduce reference scenarios of personalized assistance for a mobile patient with focus on emergency cases. Our development employs the smart spaces paradigm: patients, medical personnel, healthcare services, and other participants operate within a common networked computing environment and interact by sharing information and its semantics. We contribute design solutions to construct services as smart m-Health spaces.
---
paper_title: Service-oriented networking platform on smart devices

paper_content:

This study presents the design of a service-oriented networking platform to offer dynamic networking services in support of mobile group communications among connected smart devices. This platform enables users to access smart services anywhere and anytime with embedded devices while satisfying their requirements of various smart services. The proposed platform adopts a session initiation protocol (SIP) protocol as service signalling protocol that provides high extensibility and compatibility with an existing service system. The overlay network structure suggested in our platform provides an advantage of building a scalable and dynamic service network based on multiple smart zones. Furthermore, the quality of end-to-end service in dynamic network environments is guaranteed by virtue of the smart delivery scheme in the platform.
---
paper_title: Scalable real-time monitoring system for ubiquitous smart space

paper_content:

Scalable real-time monitoring is one of important requirements to supply smart services for customers, on time, in ubiquitous smart space. We propose a scalable real-time monitoring method to aggregate large amounts of data from various sensor devices distributed over different domain areas. The real-time monitoring scheme can process data from sensor devices within deadline and is scalable based on the number of sensor devices. The scalability of monitoring can be improved by employing a hierarchical monitoring agent for sensor devices while still satisfying the data deadlines. Simulation results show that our real-time monitoring scheme can improve the met deadline ratio up to 27% compared to the previous schemes.
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paper_title: IT’S NOT ABOUT HAVING IDEAS – IT’S ABOUT MAKING IDEAS HAPPEN! FOSTERING EXPLORATORY INNOVATION WITH THE INTRAPRENEUR ACCELERATOR

paper_content:

Organizations usually strive for innovation to achieve economic growth. Thereby, incremental innovation of e.g., existing products is often the most attractive way because it is plannable to a certain extent and often reveals short-term success. However, many markets change due to new competitive structures caused by the rise of digital services, which facilitates market entries of new companies. For an incumbent firm trying to cope with these competitors, exploitation of existing ideas and technologies (i.e., incremental innovation) is not enough. Although these firms usually pay minor attention to it, they need to additionally explore how to establish disruptive innovation that complements or even changes their traditional business model before competitors do. In this contribution, we present a novel structure to foster exploratory innovation within incumbent organizations by unleashing the innovative potential of intrapreneurs as peripheral innovators: the Intrapreneur Accelerator. We consider this novel structure a service system for supporting intrapreneurs to develop and implement extraordinary ideas and thus fostering exploratory innovation for the organization. Using a design science approach, we will further present our methodology and our preliminary results, since we have already conducted two of four design iterations.
---
paper_title: Exploring Platform Adoption in the Smart Home Case

paper_content:

Smart home (SH) services promote the comfort, convenience, security, entertainment, healthcare, education and communication of people in their home environments. Despite radical enhancements envisioned to peoples’ lives, the SH market has remained a niche for more than three decades. Yet, recent fast-paced developments, including ubiquitous computing, miniaturization of microelectronic components and digitalization of societies, have spurred a new wave of interest in a field populated by various technology platforms battling for dominance. In this light, we explore the determinants for wide-spread adoption of SH platforms informed by 21 experts from 19 companies. Our qualitative content analysis identifies, classifies, ranks and describes 34 determinants and yields a theoretical model on SH platform adoption. As such, we provide a basis for further research on platform ecosystems and managerial implications on platform design and governance in the SH field. In particular, we highlight the technical and organizational openness and the legitimacy of sponsorship.
---
paper_title: Adaptive blurring of sensor data to balance privacy and utility for ubiquitous services

paper_content:

Given the trend towards mobile computing, the next generation of ubiquitous "smart" services will have to continuously analyze surrounding sensor data. More than ever, such services will rely on data potentially related to personal activities to perform their tasks, e.g. to predict urban traffic or local weather conditions. However, revealing personal data inevitably entails privacy risks, especially when data is shared with high precision and frequency. For example, by analyzing the precise electric consumption data, it can be inferred if a person is currently at home, however this can empower new services such as a smart heating system. Access control (forbid or grant access) or anonymization techniques are not able to deal with such trade-off because whether they completely prohibit access to data or lose source traceability. Blurring techniques, by tuning data quality, offer a wide range of trade-offs between privacy and utility for services. However, the amount of ubiquitous services and their data quality requirements lead to an explosion of possible configurations of blurring algorithms. To manage this complexity, in this paper we propose a platform that automatically adapts (at runtime) blurring components between data owners and data consumers (services). The platform searches the optimal trade-off between service utility and privacy risks using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms to adapt the underlying communication platform. We evaluate our approach on a sensor network gateway and show its suitability in terms of i) effectiveness to find an appropriate solution, ii) efficiency and scalability.
---
paper_title: Prototyping Smart City applications over large scale M2M testbed

paper_content:

Many cities around the globe are adopting the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as part of a strategy to transform into Smart Cities. These will allow cities in the developing world to cope with the ever increasing demand for services such as an effective electricity supply, healthcare and water management. Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication standards play a vital role in enabling the development of Smart Cities by supporting new innovative services. Although Smart City services offer an exciting future, many challenges still have to be addressed in order to allow for mainstream adoption. This work focuses on issues related to prototyping Smart City services that utilize standardised M2M middleware platforms. In addition, the use of an inter-continental testbed for Smart City applications as an enabler for innovative, automated and interactive services is presented. The services developed will use an architecture which is based on the Smart City framework developed as part of the Testbeds for Reliable Smart City Machine-to-Machine Communication (TRESCIMO) project. These services will also serve as means to validate the use of Smart services within an African City's context. In addition, the architecture is validated by taking into account various real world use cases for Smart City applications.
---
paper_title: Checkpoints, hotspots and standalones: placing smart services over time and place

paper_content:

From the user's point of view Ubicomp and smart environments have been researched especially in the home setting. Nevertheless, papers discussing the relationship of situated interaction and context are few. Effect of context on interaction has been mostly investigated in the mobile setting. To work towards filling this gap, this paper presents a set of interaction profiles for digital services placed in an environment. The main focus of this paper is on deployment of interaction with various smart services in various indoor places. Motivation for this study stems from the need to understand interaction in and with the environment in order to better design smart environments. To this end we analyzed 30 hand-drawn maps of three different indoor spaces with user designed smart service placements and interactions. The results indicate how multi-level, structural, activity and attention data can be combined in interaction profiles. Interaction profiles found in this work are checkpoint, hotspot, standalone, remote and object, which each represent a unique combination of physical structure, service content and preferred interaction method. These profiles and cognitive map data can be used to support smart environment design.
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paper_title: Smart servitization within the context of industrial user–supplier relationships: contingencies according to a machine tool manufacturer

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Advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) have been hailed as enablers to make industrial products and operations smart. The present paper argues that AMT can not only form a lever for developing smart goods and smart production environments, but can likewise form a basis to offer smart services and to propose servitized earning or payment models to industrial users. We do so on the basis of a literature review, followed by a case-based analysis of the AMT and servitization challenges to which a machine tool manufacturer is exposed in its industrial market environment. Consequently, the present study identifies a set of contingencies c.q. catalyzers with regard to seizing AMT for smart servitization practices within industrial business-to-business contexts. These are: the ability to capture relevant data; to exploit such data adequately and convert them into actionable knowledge; and to build trust among users and producers of capital goods in order to come to effective data exchange. We finish by deriving implications for smart servitization in a manufacturing context, and by outlining case-based lessons on how AMT and servitization can further interactive design and manufacturing practices in an industrial producer-user setting. We contend that there may be a gap between the technological and organizational readiness of (many) machine tool companies for smart servitization, on the one hand, and what different publications on AMT and Industry 4.0 are trying to make out. We also find that besides the high-tech and big data components to smart servitization, companies with an ambition in this field should take into account minimum/right information principles, to actually get to deep learning, and to establish a culture of trust with business partners, and inside implicated organizations among departments to create an environment in which smart servitized user-supplier relationships can prosper.
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paper_title: Time-constrained services: a framework for using real-time web services in industrial automation

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The use of web services in industrial automation, e.g. in fully automated production processes like car manufacturing, promises simplified interaction among the manufacturing devices due to standardized protocols and increased flexibility with respect to process implementation and reengineering. Moreover, the adoption of web services as a seamless communication backbone within the overall industrial enterprise has additional benefits, such as simplified interaction with suppliers and customers (i.e. horizontal integration) and avoidance of a break in the communication paradigm within the enterprise (i.e. vertical integration). The Time-Constrained Services (TiCS) framework is a development and execution environment that empowers automation engineers to develop, deploy, publish, compose, and invoke time-constrained web services. TiCS consists of four functional layers—tool support layer, real-time infrastructural layer, real-time service layer, and hardware layer—which contain several components to meet the demands of a web service based automation infrastructure. This article gives an overview of the TiCS framework. More precisely, the general design considerations and an architectural blueprint of the TiCS framework are presented. Subsequently, selected key components of the TiCS framework are discussed in detail: the SOAP4PLC engine for equipping programmable logic controllers with a web service interface, the SOAP4IPC engine for processing web services in real-time on industrial PCs, the WS-TemporalPolicy language for describing time constraints, and the TiCS Modeler for composing time-constrained web services into a time-constrained BPEL4WS workflow.
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paper_title: Using a common architecture in Australian e-Government: the case of smart service Queensland

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In this paper, we present the findings of a case study which examines the use of enterprise architectures in the context of the development and implementation of an Electronic Government (e-Government) Services Delivery initiative by the Queensland State government of Australia. The paper employs strategic alignment theory to critically examine the progress of the initiative from the development of public policy and business case documents, through to the pilot program, and progressive implementation of an electronic government environment that includes a number of redesigned Internet gateways, integrated contact (call) centres, electronic kiosks, and web-enabled customer service counters. The case is also compared with similar e-Government initiatives and provides an interesting example of how governments can use the electronic domain to service a diverse range of clients in a large and wide spread community.
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paper_title: Framework design for distributed service robotic systems

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Service robot is one of the most promising industries in the future. Modular framework for designing and implementing a distributed service robot system including robot and intelligent environment is proposed. Components as sensors and actuators of a robotic system are standardized in both hardware and software design, resulting in an abstraction of digital smart devices with certain functions. A unified software platform with a core of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) middleware is established for the system. It employs the Player toolkit to access smart devices via drivers and interfaces, and the Web Service technology is introduced for automatic collaboration of smart services according to their functions. An implementation of a home-care service robotic system is described with 2D/3D realistic simulation. Experimental results validate the flexibility and open performance of the proposed demo system.
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paper_title: A Smart Hospital Information System for Mental Disorders

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This study aims to build a smart hospital information framework to deal with various medical information. First, a ubiquitous smart hospital information system model under WaaS (Wisdom as a Service) architecture is proposed. With this model, medical information can be organized into different levels. In this model, novel methods of organizing medical information (offline computing) and smart services delivering (online computing) are defined. The methods are used to supply medical knowledge recommendation services to patients according to their personalized condition and context. As a use case, a smart medical knowledge recommendation system, namely SKeWa, was built to reveal the usefulness of the model and the methods.
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paper_title: Applications of big data to smart cities

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Many governments are considering adopting the smart city concept in their cities and implementing big data applications that support smart city components to reach the required level of sustainability and improve the living standards. Smart cities utilize multiple technologies to improve the performance of health, transportation, energy, education, and water services leading to higher levels of comfort of their citizens. This involves reducing costs and resource consumption in addition to more effectively and actively engaging with their citizens. One of the recent technologies that has a huge potential to enhance smart city services is big data analytics. As digitization has become an integral part of everyday life, data collection has resulted in the accumulation of huge amounts of data that can be used in various beneficial application domains. Effective analysis and utilization of big data is a key factor for success in many business and service domains, including the smart city domain. This paper reviews the applications of big data to support smart cities. It discusses and compares different definitions of the smart city and big data and explores the opportunities, challenges and benefits of incorporating big data applications for smart cities. In addition it attempts to identify the requirements that support the implementation of big data applications for smart city services. The review reveals that several opportunities are available for utilizing big data in smart cities; however, there are still many issues and challenges to be addressed to achieve better utilization of this technology.
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paper_title: Securing smart maintenance services: Hardware-security and TLS for MQTT

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Increasing the efficiency of production and manufacturing processes is a key goal of initiatives like Industry 4.0. Within the context of the European research project ARROWHEAD, we enable and secure smart maintenance services. An overall goal is to proactively predict and optimize the Maintenance, Repair and Operations (MRO) processes carried out by a device maintainer, for industrial devices deployed at the customer. Therefore it is necessary to centrally acquire maintenance relevant equipment status data from remotely located devices over the Internet. Consequently, security and privacy issues arise from connecting devices to the Internet, and sending data from customer sites to the maintainer's back-end. In this paper we consider an exemplary automotive use case with an AVL Particle Counter (APC) as device. The APC transmits its status information by means of a fingerprint via the publish-subscribe protocol Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) to an MQTT Information Broker in the remotely located AVL back-end. In a threat analysis we focus on the MQTT routing information asset and identify two elementary security goals in regard to client authentication. Consequently we propose a system architecture incorporating a hardware security controller that processes the Transport Layer Security (TLS) client authentication step. We validate the feasibility of the concept by means of a prototype implementation. Experimental results indicate that no significant performance impact is imposed by the hardware security element. The security evaluation confirms the advanced security of our system, which we believe lays the foundation for security and privacy in future smart service infrastructures.
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paper_title: Health Smart Home Services incorporating a MAR-based Energy Consumption Awareness System

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Health smart homes would enable people suffering from various diseases and handicaps to live an autonomous lifestyle in their own residences. The concept of the health smart home emphasizes ‘aging in place’, where residents enjoy a healthy independent life in their own homes as they become older. While energy saving is one of the crucial issues to be addressed in domestic buildings, there is little research into household energy consumption in health smart homes. This paper identifies each variable’s implications for health smart home services and highlights its application to energy consumption awareness. We also introduce Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) to simulate energy consumption awareness in health smart homes. Firstly, the research proposes a framework for constructing health smart home services with a focus on the practicability of each variable from the perspective of supporting user experience in home settings. Rather than address each variable in isolation, we consider comprehensive issues in terms of service effectiveness in supporting a healthy life at home. Additionally, the innovative MAR application associated with energy use is presented as a new solution for household energy consumption awareness. The proposed application will be a basis for the perspectives of future research directions on health smart home services.
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paper_title: Conceptual framework for services creation/development environment in telecom domain

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The telecom service providers (fixed and mobile) understand that they must bring in new smart services in order to attract new customers, retain existing ones and increase revenue. The challenges and goals for doing so are as follows: determining which services are needed; introducing more services in a faster manner and at lower costs; delivering innovative services in a way that allows existing users to migrate smoothly to new ones. These goals could not be achieved with traditional closed and proprietary network infrastructure, as the vendor lock-in involved in that infrastructure results in limited scope of services, and dependency on old business models. New services require a much greater degree of system flexibility, performance and scalability, as well as open standards. Next Generation Network (NGN) provide the means for enabling agile service creation capabilities that facilitate better user experiences by integrating both new and legacy services across any access. However, NGNs involve complex structures even for simple services as they consist of a large number of building blocks and necessitate hierarchical models with a lot of parallel subsystems. Thus, particular attention has to be paid to understanding and modelling the performance of these systems. The rationale of this paper lies in developing a design and engineering methodology (based on a mathematical foundation) that addresses the service creation aspects for those fields in which traditional approaches will not work for NGNs.
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paper_title: ESTADO — Enabling smart services for industrial equipment through a secured, transparent and ad-hoc data transmission online

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The advent of initiatives like Industry 4.0 promises increased operational efficiency through smart services and interconnected devices. To enable smart maintenance services for today's and future industrial equipment, regular status information must be transmitted from device customers to maintenance service providers over the Internet. However, simply attaching an industrial device to the Internet often leads to a security and privacy nightmare. Transparency about when and what data is being transmitted is of crucial interest to a customer. During transport, data must be protected against modifications and disclosure. A maintainer requires trust in the data's origin and integrity. In this paper, we propose ESTADO, a system that enables smart services by providing the necessary connectivity from industrial equipment to service providers for device state tracking. Our system design focuses on the migration of current devices and the security aspect. Using a non-permanent NFC based connection, connectivity is only established ad-hoc on customer demand, and any data transmission is fully transparent to a customer. We study our design through a prototype implementation using an Infineon security controller and evaluate the security, usability and deployment aspects of our solution.
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paper_title: Design and implementation of the first aid assistance service based on Smart-M3 platform

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Smart technologies may be successfully applied in healthcare for creation of an IoT-enabled proactive pre-hospital and first aid assistance mobile services. A variety of smart services for the m-Health scenarios may be constructed by interaction of multiple knowledge processors (software agents) running on devices of the IoT environment. Thus, IoT-enabled m-Health applications should provide connection with smart space. It is possible to build such kind of services with Smart-M3 platform. The ontology describes interaction rules and the high-level design of the service. The first aid assistance scenario was chosen as a basic one. According to this scenario, sympathetic people provide first aid to patients in case of emergency. The study is focused on the implementation of the first aid assistance service consists of knowledge processors running on Linux servers and Android mobile devices. Such service should be scalable with adding new modules, sensors or participants. The purpose is to evaluate a possibility of application of a smart spaces approach for implementation mobile first aid services. Besides, implementation issues of server and client sides are discussed.
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paper_title: Sustainability and competitiveness through digital product-service-systems

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This paper introduces an innovative approach towards Digital Product-Service-Systems that need to be addressed in building a sustainable future. As such, it serves as a foundation for more in-depth studies. The research attempts to present a usable guideline for small and medium-sized companies in order to complement product service systems with digital services. By applying the guideline developed within the research activity, companies shall be able to increase the value of their PSS offering and therefore creating a sustainable competitive advantage for their business solutions. It also highlights the interdependence of sustainability issues and the emergence of Product-Service-Systems.
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paper_title: Strategies in Smart Service Systems Enabled Multi-sided Markets: Business Models for the Internet of Things

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Internet of Things has the potential to disrupt industries through changing products, services, and business models just as the Internet did in the '90s. Machine-to-machine communication is at the core of Internet of Things. Machines that we interact with in everyday life will start interacting with each other, collect data, and even use advances in data technologies to make decisions for us. Organizations, in order to achieve the highest profit, should also redesign their business service models conscientiously around externalities across markets that link through platforms and be specific about which markets to serve. In this research, we aim to build business ownership strategies to further two-sided markets and platforms literature. Herein, we focus on a number of business service models that link four sides of a market, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of network externalities generated by Internet of Things in each model.
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paper_title: A Pricing Model for the Internet of Things Enabled Smart Service Systems

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How can firms price their products and services, as their ecosystems get smarter? In order to answer this question, this paper provides a stylized model and its expansion to characterize industries that have become smarter and connected through the introduction of smart devices, a.k.a. the Internet of Things. First, we propose a basic model for a duopolistic multi-sided market with externality effects. Next, we expand this model to a case that considers cross-market network externalities. Our results reveal that, even if Internet of Things technologies facilitate complex multi-sided markets, there is a strategic pricing solution for firm profits. Moreover, a strategic firm can benefit from aforementioned cross-market externalities in terms of higher market share and equilibrium prices. This study not only contributes to the theories of pricing information goods, but also provides a guideline for practitioners who make pricing and other strategic decisions for the Internet of Things enabled goods and services.
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Title: Focusing the customer through smart services: a literature review

Section 1: Introduction
Description 1: Provide a holistic overview of past research and opportunities for further research in the field of smart services using a systematic literature review approach.

Section 2: Smart services and a smart service lifecycle
Description 2: Define smart services and describe the phases of the smart service lifecycle as adapted from the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) framework.

Section 3: Research design
Description 3: Explain the methodology for identifying and analyzing relevant literature, including the literature search strategy and analysis process.

Section 4: Identifying relevant literature
Description 4: Describe the systematic search process across various databases and the criteria for selecting relevant articles.

Section 5: Analyzing the identified literature
Description 5: Outline the steps involved in analyzing the literature, including formal exploration and thematic categorization of the identified articles.

Section 6: Findings
Description 6: Present the results of the formal and content analysis, categorize the literature based on lifecycle phases, and create a heat map to show research intensity.

Section 7: Discussion of research gaps and further research topics
Description 7: Summarize research intensity, identify unexplored areas, and propose five specific fields for further investigation in smart service research.

Section 8: Limitations
Description 8: Acknowledge the limitations of the literature search and analysis process, including the scope of databases and search terms used.

Section 9: Conclusions
Description 9: Provide a summary of the review, emphasize the importance of further research, and outline concrete ideas for advancing the understanding of smart services.