We have recently cloned an oligopeptide transport gene from Candida albicans denoted OPT1. This gene showed significant sequence similarity to three open reading frames (ORFs) with no previously established function: isp4 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae YJL212C and YPR194C, identified during the genome project. The S. pombe gene isp4 was originally identified by Sato et al. as a gene that was upregulated through nitrogen starvation induction of meiosis. However, an isp4delta strain exhibited a wild-type phenotype with respect to sexual differentiation. We have found that the same isp4delta strain is deficient in tetrapeptide transport activity as measured by its resistance to toxic tetrapeptides, by its inability to accumulate a radiolabelled tetrapeptide and by the inability to use tetrapeptides as a sole source of an amino acid to satisfy an auxotrophic requirement. Similarly, we found that the ORF YPR194C from S. cerevisiae encodes an oligopeptide transporter. Sequence analyses as well as physiological evidence has led us to propose that the proteins encoded by isp4 and the genes identified from S. cerevisiae and C. albicans comprise a new group of transporters specific for small oligopeptides, which we have named the OPT family.