Research on antioxidants has been gaining worldwide attention because of their essential applications for medicinal purposes. In this study, we conducted bioprospecting of six Asteraceae plants as the source of antiaging and antioxidant agents. Water and chloroform fractions from  Ageratum conyzoides  L.,  Dichrocephala integrifolia  (L.f.) Kuntze,  Galinsoga parviflora  (Cav.),  Mikania micrantha  Kunth,  Sphagneticola trilobata  (L.) Pruski, and  Synedrella nodiflora  L. were collected and assayed for their in vitro antioxidant activities and potential antiaging properties using the yeast  Schizosaccharomyces pombe  as the model organism. Based on the in vitro assay, the water fractions of  S. trilobata  showed a strong antioxidant activity. Interestingly, all treatment solutions promoted the stress tolerance phenotype of  S. pombe  to strong H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress conditions. Moreover, compared with the treatments without plant extract/fraction, all extract and fraction treatments, except the chloroform fractions of  A. conyzoides , promoted yeast cell longevity. Strong induction of mitochondria activity was found following the treatments with the extracts and fractions of  S. nodiflora ,  D. integrifolia , and  M. micrantha  and likely mimicked the calorie restriction-induced lifespan. Interestingly,  S. nodiflora  water fractions significantly upregulated the mRNA transcripts of the Pap1-mediated core environmental stress response, namely, ctt1 gene in  S. pombe . These data indicated that the fractions of Asteraceae plants had potential antioxidant and antiaging activities through various cellular modulations.  S. nodiflora  water fraction has been shown to have antioxidant and antiaging activities in  S. pombe , by modulating stress tolerance response, inducing mitochondrial activity, and increasing the ctt1 gene expression. Compounds analysis identified that  S. nodiflora  water fraction contained some primarily compounds including oxyphyllacinol, valine, and sugiol.