Bullying: Understand the Community’s Roles  When bullying or
other problematic online or offline behaviors occur in a
community, everyone in the community is involved, whether as
participants, recipients, or witnesses—and often as some
combination of the three. Developing a shared understanding of
what bullying is and of the roles we commonly play in these
situations can help all community members recognize them and,
ultimately, choose roles that lead to the most positive possible
outcomes.   In any bullying situation, a person or group
purposely hurts, threatens, or intimidates another person or
group. Online and offline bullying can overlap and may include
the following:  Physical bullying, such as poking, pushing,
hitting, and kicking; may include visual or audio recording and
posting of such actions.  Verbal bullying, such as yelling,
teasing, name-calling, insulting, and threatening to harm,
whether in person, over the phone, over text, or via the
Internet.  Indirect bullying, such as ignoring, excluding