creole languages  creole languages, vernacular languages that
developed in colonial European plantation settlements in the
17th and 18th centuries as a result of contact between groups
that spoke mutually unintelligible languages. Creole languages
most often emerged in colonies located near the coasts of the
Atlantic Ocean or the Indian Ocean. Exceptions include Brazil,
where no creole emerged, and Cape Verde and the Lesser Antilles,
where creoles developed in slave depots rather than on
plantations.  Most commonly, creoles have resulted from the
interactions between speakers of nonstandard varieties of
European languages and speakers of non-European languages.
Creole languages include varieties that are based on French,
such as Haitian Creole, Louisiana Creole, and Mauritian Creole;
English, such as Gullah (on the Sea Islands of the southeastern
United States), Jamaican Creole, Guyanese Creole, and Hawaiian
Creole; and Portuguese, such as Papiamentu (in Aruba, Bonaire,
and Curaçao) and Cape Verdean; and some