Probing Question: What is colorblindness?  eye with rainbow over
it   Moser is not alone: Up to 8 percent of men around the
world—and over 10 million American males—have a congenital color
vision disorder, or "colorblindness." (Although women are more
often the carriers of the recessive X chromosome defect that
causes colorblindness, it is mostly males who inherit the
condition.)  "The term color-blindness is a misnomer to some
extent," says Penn State psychology professor Rick Gilmore,
whose research focuses on human brain development, specifically
spatial vision and memory.   True "blindness" to color—the
inability to see any colors but shades of black, gray or white,
a condition called called monochromacy—is exceedingly rare,
Gilmore notes. More commonly, "People with color-blindness sort
light wavelength patterns into fewer separate categories than do
those with a larger complement of photoreceptors," he says. "So,
if you have a smaller working complement of photoreceptors than
I do, you aren't 'blind' to