Indentification of syllables is fairly simply in Khuzdul. 
Syllables must all start with a consonant, followed by a vowel. 
Syllables can optionally end (close) with a single consonant. 
At the end of a word, the final syllable can close with two
consonants.  Because of this, wherever there is a single
consonant in the middle of a word, the consonant starts a new
syllable.  In places where there are two consonants in the
middle of a word, the second consonant starts a new syllable. 
The only challenge comes in identifying unique consonants when
at least one is is a digraph, which is a single sound
represented by two letter.  In Khuzdul, this would be < ph th ch
kh zh sh hy gh >.  As you can see, all of those have < h > in
them, so the trick is to know when you are dealing with one of
these versus a simple < h > or one of the sounds that doesn't
have < h >, with those being < p t c k z s y g >.  Generally,
the only way to know is to have an idea of what the consonantal
root of the word is.  A good way to see t