Taking IT security to the next level  Many banks have been
increasing the security of their online services over the past
year. By offering customers smartcard readers or security
tokens, they have been able to roll out a second level of
security.  The move highlights how businesses' faith in
passwords is declining - if they are not lost, they can be
stolen, and if they aren't stolen, they can be easily shared.
Two-factor authentication raises the security bar, introducing
another level of authentication for system access. Generally,
two-factor authentication uses something a user knows (a
password or Pin) along with something they have (a security
token), making impersonation more difficult.  It has been used
to authenticate both employees and customers, but it has
limitations. With corporate governance regulations such as
Sarbanes-Oxley requiring stronger authentication as part of an
overall hardening of security, more large companies are likely
to investigate two-factor authentication, but small to mid-ra