Now, in the case of the Saint Bernard, Collie, Dachshunds, and
Chihuahua (as well as many other breeds), they have broken out
the AKC standard to include a variety of coat lengths.  Prior to
this, many of the pups of these breeds were shunned. 
Interestingly, the Saint Bernard - which most people think is
supposed to have that longer hair like the 'Beethoven dog' - was
originally bred to have a short coat -  thought occasionally
(prior to the infusion of Newf blood) they would also have
longer-coated dogs.  The dogs used by the hospice for rescue
were short coated because the longer hair tended to form ice and
thus hinder the dog in doing his/her job.  So, they would give
the longer coated pups to the villages and farmers below.  Since
the longer coat IS part of this breed's history, the national
club has broken out the breed into two varieties - Rough &
Smooth coated.  The same happened with the Collies - not all
Collies are supposed to look like the legendary 'Lassie',
although that is what many of the publ