> Virumaa   The first signs of human settlement in Virumaa date
back 8000 years. Almost at the same time when the British isles
broke away from the mainland, hunters and gatherers settled near
the present town of Kunda. Their tools were made of bone and
stone. It was the stone age... By 1025 counties and parishes had
formed in Estonia. Two mourning mothers in Uppland, Sweden,
erected a runestone in memory of their sons. The sons had fallen
during a military raid into Virumaa (a uirlanti). This is the
first written record of Virumaa. Still it will take 200 more
years before Virumaa joins the written history of Estonia.  In
1238 the hundred year long Danish rule began in Virumaa. The
Estonian stronghold of Tarvanpää (built in the beginning of Ist
millenium) was re-named Wesenbergh. A town developed around the
castle and in 1302 Rakvere was given the Lübeck town rights. In
the Danish period, the manor made its first appearance in the
history of Virumaa. The Danish king did not bring any army with
him to defend h