leaving in resource games, may frame the decision independently
of the consequences of the choice. Taking and keeping refer to
what one will have oneself, and leaving and giving refer to the
collective component.  It may be that the actual decision (take,
keep, leave, or give) causes one to focus on a quantity that
determines one’s strategy. For instance, in giving in public
goods dilemmas, there is a tendency for people with different
endowments to give equal proportions of their endowments.
Perhaps this is not the result of the public goods dilemmas but
rather because people are focusing on what is necessary to meet
the criterion rather than what they have left. Likewise, in
resource dilemmas, people typically focus on achieving equal
final outcomes. Perhaps this is because they are induced to
focus on what they get, rather than what they leave. To test
this hypothesis, resource and public goods dilemmas were created
in which the participants were either focused on what they ended
up with (take and keep) or