Structured Query Language/SQL: The Standard ISO IEC 9075 and
various Implementations  From Wikibooks, open books for an open
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Standardization[edit]  Like most other standards the main
purpose of SQL is portability. Usually software designers and
application developers structure and solve problems in layers.
Every abstraction level is realized in its own component or sub-
component: presentation to end user, business logic, data
access, data storage, net and operation system demands are
typical representatives of such components. They are organized
as a stack and every layer offers an interface to the upper
layers to use its functionality. If one of those components is
realized by two different providers and both offer the same
interface (as an API, Web-Service, language specification, ...)
it is possible to exchange them without changing the layers
which are based on them. In essence the software in