Take the 2-minute tour ×  Back in the old days, before I left
the hallowed shores of my native country, I didn't much care
what encoding my files were in. ASCII was enough for my great-
great grandfather so it was enough for me. Now I live in the
land of my great-great-...-great grandfathers who have a
slightly mangled alphabet and ASCII no longer suffices. That
would be fine if it were just me: I've learned to love UTF-8 and
have even embraced xelatex. But sometimes I get sent documents
in weird encodings, and sometimes I want to resurrect some old
document, maybe to include a section in a new document, so from
time to time I find myself wanting to change the encoding of a
document.  So: how do I do that? (Included subquestion: how do I
determine the encoding of a file?)     1. I realise that this is
only tangentially related to TeX and friends, so am fully
prepared to be told to look elsewhere, but I think that this is
quite common and especially (due to the fact that it seems one
has to be super-aware of en