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For the current pope (called Francisco I or simply Francisco in
his native language, Spanish), see Pope Francis.  Carlism
(Basque: Karlismo, Catalan: Carlisme, Spanish: Carlismo) is a
traditionalist and legitimist political movement in Spain
seeking the establishment of a separate line of the Bourbon
family on the Spanish throne. This line descended from Infante
Carlos, Count of Molina (1788–1855), and was founded due to
dispute over the succession laws and widespread dissatisfaction
with the Alfonsine line of the House of Bourbon. The movement
was at its strongest in the 1830s but had a revival following
Spain's defeat in the Spanish-American War in 1898, when Spain
lost its last remaining significant overseas territories, Cuba,
Puerto Rico and the Philippines.  An exceptionally long-lived
movement, it was a significant force in Spanish politics from
1833 until the end of the Franco regim