Papers Published    1. Song, R. J. and Liu, S. Q. and Leong, K.
W., Effects of MIP-1 alpha, MIP-3 alpha, and MIP-3 beta on the
induction of HIV Gag-specific immune response with DNA vaccines,
Molecular Therapy, vol. 15 no. 5 (2007), pp. 1007-1015 .
(last updated on 2010/06/11)      Transfection of DNA vaccines
with chemokines may recruit dendritic cells (DCs) locally to
capture the antigenic genes and their gene products to generate
enhanced CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). In this study,
we investigated the effects of macrophage inflammatory protein
(MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-3 alpha, and MIP-3 beta on human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Gag DNA vaccination. The chemokine
plasmids markedly enhanced the local infiltration of
inflammatory cells and increased the presence of CD11c(+)
B7.2(+)-activated DCs. MIP-1 alpha and MIP-3 alpha were potent
adjuvants in augmenting CTLs and afforded strong protection to
immunized animals against challenge with vaccinia virus
expressing Gag (vv-Gag). However, decreased humo