While in many cases experimental images show symmetric structures, sometimes they are less so and the five-fold center is quite asymmetric. There are asymmetric cases which can be metastable, and asymmetry can also be a strain relief process or involved in how the particle convert to single crystals or from single crystals. During growth there may be changes, as directly observed by Katsumichi Yagi et al for growth inside an electron microscope, and migration of the disclination from the outside has been observed in liquid-cell studies in electron microscopes. Extensive details about the atomic processes involved in motion of the disclination have been given using molecular dynamics calculations supported by density functional theory as shown in the figure.