The results of this calculation are encouraging, but the masses of the up or down quarks were assumed to be ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠ the mass of a nucleon. The masses of the quarks are actually only about 1% that of a nucleon. The discrepancy stems from the complexity of the Standard Model for nucleons, where most of their mass originates in the gluon fields, virtual particles, and their associated energy that are essential aspects of the strong force. Furthermore, the complex system of quarks and gluons that constitute a nucleon requires a relativistic treatment. Nucleon magnetic moments have been successfully computed from first principles, requiring significant computing resources.