The Binder parameter or Binder cumulant in statistical physics, also known as the fourth-order cumulant U L = 1 − − ⟨ ⟨ s 4 ⟩ ⟩ L 3 ⟨ ⟨ s 2 ⟩ ⟩ L 2 is defined as the kurtosis of the order parameter, s, introduced by Austrian theoretical physicist Kurt Binder. It is frequently used to determine accurately phase transition points in numerical simulations of various models.