In other words, we may consistently (within the axiomatics of Q ) reason as if there are six entities in x, but x must be regarded as a collection whose elements cannot be discerned as individuals. Using quasi-set theory, we can express some facts of quantum physics without introducing symmetry conditions (Krause et al. 1999, 2005). As is well known, in order to express indistinguishability, the particles are deemed to be individuals, say by attaching them to coordinates or to adequate functions/vectors like |ψ>. Thus, given two quantum systems labeled |ψ 1 ⟩ and |ψ 2 ⟩ at the outset, we need to consider a function like |ψ 12 ⟩ = |ψ 1 ⟩|ψ 2 ⟩ ± |ψ 2 ⟩|ψ 1 ⟩ (except for certain constants), which keep the quanta indistinguishable by permutations ; the probability density of the joint system independs on which is quanta #1 and which is quanta #2. (Note that precision requires that we talk of "two" quanta without distinguishing them, which is impossible in conventional set theories.) In Q , we can dispense with this "identification" of the quanta ; for details, see Krause et al. (1999, 2005) and French and Krause (2006).