On the other hand, the Gibbs canonical ensemble describes a system that can exchange energy but has a fixed number of particles. It is characterized by two variables: the temperature (T) and volume (V) of the system. In this ensemble, the energy of the system can fluctuate, but the number of particles remains fixed. The Gibbs canonical ensemble is commonly used to study systems with a fixed temperature and particle number, but variable energy, such as systems in thermal equilibrium.