In condensed matter physics and quantum information theory, the quantum double model, proposed by Alexei Kitaev, is a lattice model that exhibits topological excitations. This model can be regarded as a lattice gauge theory, and it has applications in many fields, like topological quantum computation, topological order, topological quantum memory, quantum error-correcting code, etc. The name "quantum double" come from the Drinfeld double of a finite groups and Hopf algebras. The most well-known example is the toric code model, which is a special case of quantum double model by setting input group as cyclic group Z 2 .