The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is predicted by the ΛCDM model to be isotropic, that is to say that its intensity is about the same whichever direction we look at. Data from the Planck Mission shows hemispheric bias in 2 respects: one with respect to average temperature (i.e. temperature fluctuations), the second with respect to larger variations in the degree of perturbations (i.e. densities), the collaboration noted that these features are not strongly statistically inconsistent with isotropy. Some authors say that the universe around Earth is isotropic at high significance by studies of the cosmic microwave background temperature maps. There are however claims of isotropy violations from galaxy clusters, quasars, and type Ia supernovae.