In 2021, the US DOE launched the INFUSE program, a public-private knowledge sharing initiative involving a PPPL, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center and Commonwealth Fusion Systems partnership, together with partnerships with TAE Technologies, Princeton Fusion Systems, and Tokamak Energy. In 2021, DOE's Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee approved a strategic plan to guide fusion energy and plasma physics research that included a working power plant by 2040, similar to Canadian, Chinese, and U.K. efforts.