where T is the kinetic energy, C L is a shape function that depends on the forbiddenness of the decay (it is constant for allowed decays), F (Z, T) is the Fermi Function (see below) with Z the charge of the final-state nucleus, E = T + mc is the total energy, p = ( E / c ) 2 − − ( m c ) 2 is the momentum, and Q is the Q value of the decay. The kinetic energy of the emitted neutrino is given approximately by Q minus the kinetic energy of the beta.