Mykola Dmytroych Pylchykov was a son of Dmytro Pylchykov, one of members of the Brotherhood of Saints Cyril and Methodius. Father was a Ukrainian patriot, public and cultural figure, taught history and political economy in the Poltava Cadet Corps. Under the guidance of his father, Mykola learned 7 languages, including Ukrainian and Polish literature, and immediately before entering the Poltava gymnasium, he also studied Russian and was admitted to the 4th grade.