The first record of the pyroelectric effect was made in 1707 by Johann Georg Schmidt, who noted that the "[hot] tourmaline could attract the ashes from the warm or burning coals, as the magnet does iron, but also repelling them again [after the contact]". In 1717 Louis Lemery noticed, as Schmidt had, that small scraps of non-conducting material were first attracted to tourmaline, but then repelled by it once they contacted the stone. In 1747 Linnaeus first related the phenomenon to electricity (he called tourmaline Lapidem Electricum, "the electric stone"), although this was not proven until 1756 by Franz Ulrich Theodor Aepinus.