The result of drawing Γ Γ ( ω ω ) vs. ω ω in the complex plane is a unit half circle centered on the point [ R e ( − − 1 / 2 ) , I m ( 0 ) ] which is in the upper half-plane ( I m ( Γ Γ ( ω ω ) ) > 0 ) for inductive grids and in the lower half-plane ( I m ( Γ Γ ( ω ω ) ) < 0 ) for capacitive grids. At all frequencies ω ω the transmitted and reflected waves are out of phase ( ϕ ϕ τ τ ( ω ω ) ≠ ≠ ϕ ϕ Γ Γ ( ω ω ) ) .