In the context of an n - qubit system, a uniform quantum superposition state is defined as | Ψ Ψ ⟩ ⟩ = 1 N ∑ ∑ j = 0 N − − 1 | j ⟩ ⟩ , where | j ⟩ ⟩ represents the computational basis states of the n -qubit system, and N is the total number of distinct states in the superposition. The normalization factor 1 / N ensures that the total probability of finding the system in one of the basis states is equal to 1.