Asymmetric synthesis is a field in which the distinction between kinetic and thermodynamic control is especially important. Because pairs of enantiomers have, for all intents and purposes, the same Gibbs free energy, thermodynamic control will produce a racemic mixture by necessity. Thus, any catalytic reaction that provides product with nonzero enantiomeric excess is under at least partial kinetic control. (In many stoichiometric asymmetric transformations, the enantiomeric products are actually formed as a complex with the chirality source before the workup stage of the reaction, technically making the reaction a diastereoselective one. Although such reactions are still usually kinetically controlled, thermodynamic control is at least possible, in principle.)