CNM researchers work at the leading edge of science and technology to develop capabilities and knowledge that complement those of industry. The challenges the CNM faces involve fabricating and exploring novel nanoscale materials and employing unique synthesis and characterization methods to control and tailor nanoscale phenomena. The unique capabilities of Argonne's Advanced Photon Source (APS) play a key role. APS's hard X-rays, harnessed in a nanoprobe beamline, provide unprecedented capabilities to characterize extremely small structures.