Venera
Name Mission Launch Arrival Survival time min Results Lander coordin
1VA ( proto-Venera ) Flyby February 4 , 1961 N/A N/A Failed to leave earth orbit N/A
Venera 1 Flyby February 12 , 1961 N/A N/A Communications lost en route to Venus N/A
Venera 2MV-1 No.1 Atmospheric probe August 25 , 1962 N/A N/A Escape stage failed ; Re-entered three days later N/A
Venera 2MV-1 No.2 Atmospheric probe September 1 , 1962 N/A N/A Escape stage failed ; Re-entered five days later N/A
Venera 2MV-2 No.1 Flyby September 12 , 1962 N/A N/A Third stage exploded ; Spacecraft destroyed N/A
Venera 3MV-1 No.2 Flyby February 19 , 1964 N/A N/A Did not reach parking orbit N/A
Kosmos 27 Flyby March 27 , 1964 N/A N/A Escape stage failed N/A
Venera 2 Flyby November 12 , 1965 N/A N/A Communications lost just before arrival N/A
Venera 3 Atmospheric probe November 16 , 1965 N/A N/A Communications lost just before atmospheric entry . This was the first manmade object to land on another planet on March 1 , 1966 ( crash ) . Probable landing region : -20° to 20° N , 60° to 80° E N/A
Kosmos 96 Atmospheric probe November 23 , 1965 N/A N/A Failed to leave Earth orbit and reentered the atmosphere . Believed by some researchers to have crashed near Kecksburg , Pennsylvania , USA on December 9 , 1965 , an event which became known as the Kecksburg Incident among UFO researchers . All Soviet spacecraft that never left Earth orbit , were customarily renamed Kosmos regardless of the craft 's intended mission . The name is also given to other Soviet/Russian spacecraft that are intended to - and do reach Earth orbit N/A
Venera 4 Atmospheric probe June 12 , 1967 October 18 , 1967 N/A The first probe to enter another planet 's atmosphere and return data . Although it did not transmit from the surface , this was the first interplanetary transmission of any probe . Landed somewhere near latitude 19° N , longitude 38° E N/A
Kosmos 167 Atmospheric probe June 17 , 1967 N/A N/A Escape stage failed ; Re-entered eight days later N/A
Venera 5 Atmospheric probe January 5 , 1969 May 16 , 1969 53* Successfully returned atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure within 26 kilometres ( 16 mi ) of the surface . Landed at 3° S , 18° E N/A
Venera 6 Atmospheric probe January 10 , 1969 May 17 , 1969 51* Successfully returned atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure within 11 kilometres ( 6.8 mi ) of the surface . Landed at 5° S , 23° E N/A
Venera 7 Lander August 17 , 1970 December 15 , 1970 23 The first successful landing of a spacecraft on another planet , and the first transmission from another planet 's surface . Survived for 23 minutes before succumbing to heat and pressure 5°S 351°E / 5°S 351°E / -5 ; 351
Kosmos 359 Lander August 22 , 1970 N/A N/A Escape stage failed ; Ended up in an elliptical Earth orbit N/A
Venera 8 Lander March 27 , 1972 July 22 , 1972 50 Landed within a 150 kilometres ( 93 mi ) radius of 10.70° S , 335.25° E 10°S 335°E / 10°S 335°E / -10 ; 335
Kosmos 482 Probe March 31 , 1972 N/A N/A Escape stage exploded during Trans-Venus injection ; Some pieces re-entered and others remained in Earth orbit N/A
Venera 9 Orbiter and Lander June 8 , 1975 October 22 , 1975 53 Sent back the first ( black and white ) images of Venus ' surface . Landed within a 150 kilometres ( 93 mi ) radius of 31.01° N , 291.64° E 31°N 291°E / 31°N 291°E / 31 ; 291
Venera 10 Orbiter and Lander June 14 , 1975 October 25 , 1975 65 Landed within a 150 kilometres ( 93 mi ) radius of 15.42° N , 291.51° E 15°42′N 291°51′E / 15.700°N 291.850°E / 15.700 ; 291.850
Flight data for all Venera missions
The Venera (, ) program was the name given to a series of space probes developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984 to gather information about the planet Venus. Ten probes successfully landed on the surface of the planet, including the two Vega program and Venera-Halley probes, while thirteen probes successfully entered the Venusian atmosphere. Due to the extreme surface conditions on Venus, the probes could only survive for a short period on the surface, with times ranging from 23 minutes to two hours. The Venera program established a number of precedents in space exploration, among them being the first human-made devices to enter the atmosphere of another planet (Venera 4 on October 18, 1967), the first to make a soft landing on another planet (Venera 7 on December 15, 1970), the first to return images from another planet's surface (Venera 9 on June 8, 1975), and the first to perform high-resolution radar mapping scans (Venera 15 on June 2, 1983).