Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg)
Name Birth Death Notes
HIM Alexander I , Emperor of Russia 12 December 1777 19 November 1825 Married Princess Luise Auguste of Baden ( Elizabeth Alexeiyevna ) ( 1779-1826 ) , and had two daughters ( both died in childhood )
Grand Duke Constantin Pavlovich of Russia 27 April 1779 15 June 1831 m. Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld ( Anna Feodorovna ) ( 1781-1860 ) ; Married Joanna , Countess Grudsinska , Princess Lowicz ( 1799-1831 ) . No issue
Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia 9 August 1783 16 March 1801 m. Archduke Joseph of Austria , Count Palatine of Hungary ( 1776-1847 ) , and had one daughter ( died at birth )
Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia 13 December 1784 24 September 1803 m. Friedrich Ludwig , Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin ( 1778-1819 ) , and had two children
Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia 4 February 1786 23 June 1859 m. Karl Friedrich , Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ( 1783-1853 ) , and had four children
Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia 21 May 1788 9 January 1819 m. Duke Georg of Oldenburg ( 1784-1812 ) , had two sons ; married Wilhelm I , King of Württemberg ( 1781-1864 ) , and had two daughters
Grand Duchess Olga Pavlovna of Russia 22 July 1792 26 January 1795
Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia 7 January 1795 1 March 1865 m. Willem II , King of the Netherlands ( 1792-1849 ) , and had five children
HIM Nicholas I , Emperor of Russia 25 June 1796 18 February 1855 m. Princess Charlotte of Prussia ( Alexandra Feodorovna ) ( 1798-1860 ) , and had ten children
Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia 8 February 1798 9 September 1849 m. Princess Charlotte of Württemberg ( Elena Pavlovna ) ( 1807-1873 ) , and had five children
Children
The family of Tsar Paul I and Empress Maria Feodorovna by Gerhard von Kügelgen , 1800 . Maria Feodorovna and Paul had ten children together .
Maria Feodorovna (; née Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg; 25 October 1759 - 5 November 1828 [OS 24 October]) was Empress consort of Russia as the second wife of Tsar Paul I. Born Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg, she was a daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and his wife, Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt. She belonged to a junior branch of the House of Württemberg and grew up in Montbéliard receiving an excellent education for her time and station. In 1776, when Grand Duke Paul (the future Paul I of Russia), became a widower, Sophie Dorothea was chosen by Frederick II of Prussia, her maternal great uncle, and by Empress Catherine II of Russia, as the ideal candidate to be Pauls second wife. They met in a state dinner in Berlin and their engagement was quickly arranged. Sophie Dorothea arrived in St Petersburg that September, converted to the Russian Orthodox Church, and took the name Maria Feodorovna. She married Paul on 26 September 1776. In spite of her husband's difficult character, Maria Feodorovna made a success of her marriage. During the long reign of her mother-in-law, the Russian Empress, Catherine II, Maria and Paul were completely excluded from any political influence, as mother and son mistrusted each other. Maria Feodorovna sided with her husband and lost the initial affection Catherine II had for her. Paul and Maria were forced to live in isolation at Gatchina, but they were devoted to each other and had ten children including: Tsar Alexander I, Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, Grand Duchess Maria of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Queen Catherine of Wurttemberg and Queen Anna of the Netherlands. In 1796, her husband ascended to the Russian throne and during his four-year reign, Maria Feodorovna had a great and beneficial influence over her husband.