1860 and 1861 United States House of Representatives elections
District Incumbent Party First elected Result Candidates
Missouri 1 John Richard Barret Democratic 1858 Incumbent lost re-election . New member elected . Republican gain √ Francis Preston Blair , Jr. ( Republican ) 44.11% John Richard Barret ( Democratic ) 38.39% Albert Todd ( Constitutional Unionist ) 17.50%
Missouri 2 Thomas L. Anderson Independent Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired . New member elected . Constitutional Union gain √ James S. Rollins ( Constitutional Unionist ) 50.57% John B. Henderson ( Democratic ) 49.43%
Missouri 3 John Bullock Clark Democratic 1856 Incumbent re-elected √ John Bullock Clark ( Democratic ) 59.06% M. C. Hawkins ( Constitutional Unionist ) 40.94%
Missouri 4 James Craig Democratic 1856 Incumbent lost renomination . New member elected . Democratic hold √ Elijah Hise Norton ( Democratic ) 62.30% John Scott ( Constitutional Unionist ) 37.70%
Missouri 5 Samuel H. Woodson American 1856 Incumbent retired . New member elected . Democratic gain √ John William Reid ( Democratic ) 52.84% F. T. Mitchell ( Constitutional Unionist ) 47.16%
Missouri 6 John S. Phelps Democratic 1844 Incumbent re-elected √ John S. Phelps ( Democratic ) 48.89% J. S. Rains ( Constitutional Unionist ) 40.02% William C. Price ( Independent Democratic ) 11.09%
Missouri 7 John William Noell Democratic 1858 Incumbent re-elected √ John William Noell ( Democratic ) 73.64% David E. Perryman ( Constitutional Unionist ) 26.37%
Missouri
Main article : 1860 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri See also : List of United States Representatives from Missouri Missouri elected its members September 10 , 1860 .
Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 37th Congress were held at various dates in different states from August 1860 to October 1861. These elections spanned the Presidential election of 1860, won by Abraham Lincoln. Building on their successes in 1858, Republican candidates won increasing percentages in the House. After secessionist vacancies, their caucus of 108 amounted to 59% of the House, and with another 16% in the Unionist caucus, they had over a two-thirds super-majority to govern. Following Lincoln's election and before his inauguration, seven secessionist states declared rebellion and Jefferson Davis mobilized 100,000 troops in defense of the Confederacy. Lincoln responded with a call-up of 75,000 troops to reoccupy federal property in port cities. That motivated another four border states to declare secession, forming the Confederacy that fought the American Civil War. Seceding states cancelled elections to Federal office, and all but a few of their Representatives departed. Twenty-three representatives to U.S. 37th Congress came from five slave-holding states represented in the Confederacy: Missouri, Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee, and Louisiana. The rebellion left seventeen vacancies in those states. Meanwhile for the duration of the conflict those same five states sent full delegations to the Confederate Congress even though over half their Congressional districts were federally occupied or disrupted by the end of 1862. Overwhelmingly, seceding states had Democratic representation, so despite losing seats to Democrats in the North, this state-by-state mass departure left Republicans with a clear House majority.