International Style (architecture)
Architect Building Location Date
Johannes Duiker and Bernard Bijvoet Zonnestraal Sanatorium Hilversum , Netherlands 1926-1928
Robert Mallet-Stevens houses on Rue Mallet-Stevens Paris , France 1927
Robert Mallet-Stevens Villa Cavroit Croix , France 1929
Eileen Gray E-1027 Cap Martin , France 1929
Alejandro Bustillo House of Victoria Ocampo Buenos Aires , Argentina 1929
Alvar Aalto Paimio Sanatorium Turku , Finland 1930
Leendert van der Vlugt Van Nelle Factory Rotterdam , Netherlands 1926-1930
Joseph Emberton Royal Corinthian Yacht Club Essex , England 1931
Before 1932
The International Style or internationalism is a major architectural style that was developed in the 1920s and 1930s and was closely related to modernism and modern architecture. It was first defined by Museum of Modern Art curators Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson in 1932, based on works of architecture from the 1920s. The terms rationalist architecture and modern movement are often used interchangeably with International Style, although the former is mostly used in the English-speaking world to specifically refer to the Italian rationalism of architects such as Giuseppe Terragni and Gino Pollini, or even the International Style that developed in Europe as a whole. It is defined by the Getty Research Institute as the style of architecture that emerged in Holland, France, and Germany after World War I and spread throughout the world, becoming the dominant architectural style until the 1970s. The style is characterized by an emphasis on volume over mass, the use of lightweight, mass-produced, industrial materials, rejection of all ornament and colour, repetitive modular forms, and the use of flat surfaces, typically alternating with areas of glass.