List of National Historic Landmarks in Oregon
Landmark name Date designated Location County Description
1 Bonneville Dam Historic District June 30 , 1987 ( # 86000727 ) Bonneville 45°38′29″N 121°56′41″W / 45.64138°N 121.9446°W / 45.64138 ; -121.9446 ( Bonneville Dam Historic District ) Multnomah and Skamania ( Washington ) Built in the 1930s to harness the Columbia River for power generation , this was the first hydroelectric dam with a hydraulic drop sufficient to produce 500,000 kW of hydropower . The NHL district covers the dam and other elements of the federal dam project , including the # 1 powerhouse , navigation lock , fish ladder , and hatchery
2 Columbia River Highway May 16 , 2000 ( # 83004168 ) Troutdale to Mosier 45°37′27″N 121°44′51″W / 45.62429°N 121.7474°W / 45.62429 ; -121.7474 ( Columbia River Highway ) Multnomah , Hood River , and Wasco Constructed between 1913 and 1922 , this was the first scenic highway in the United States . Designed specifically to provide visitors access to the most outstanding of the scenic features of the Columbia River Gorge , the highway is also an outstanding example of modern highway development for its pioneering advances in road engineering , and is the single most important contribution to the fields of civil engineering and landscape architecture by Samuel C. Lancaster
3 Crater Lake Superintendent 's Residence May 28 , 1987 ( # 87001347 ) Crater Lake National Park 42°54′03″N 122°08′16″W / 42.90076°N 122.1377°W / 42.90076 ; -122.1377 ( Crater Lake Superintendent 's Residence ) Klamath The 1930s- era Munson Valley development was originally one of the best- designed rustic installations in a U.S. national park . This is the only building in the group to remain in near- original condition , and it employed unusual construction methods in response to the very short Crater Lake building season
4 Deady and Villard Halls , University of Oregon May 5 , 1977 ( # 72001082 ) Eugene 44°02′48″N 123°04′35″W / 44.04655°N 123.0764°W / 44.04655 ; -123.0764 ( Deady and Villard Halls , University of Oregon ) Lane Completed in 1876 and 1886 , respectively , Deady and Villard Halls are the first and second buildings of the University of Oregon . Deady Hall is simplified Italianate in design with mansarded main roof and towers ; Villard Hall has Second Empire touches , and is one of the few surviving academic buildings of its era in the Western United States
5 Fort Astoria Site November 5 , 1961 ( # 66000639 ) Astoria 46°11′16″N 123°49′39″W / 46.18789°N 123.8275°W / 46.18789 ; -123.8275 ( Fort Astoria Site ) Clatsop John Jacob Astor attempted to break the British monopoly on the Pacific Northwest fur trade starting with construction of this fortified trading post in 1811 . The fort subsequently became an important part of the American territorial claim to the Oregon Country . Astor sold the fort to the British North West Company in 1813
6 Fort Rock Cave January 20 , 1961 ( # 66000641 ) Fort Rock 43°21′22″N 121°03′13″W / 43.35612777777778°N 121.05361111111111°W / 43.35612777777778 ; -121.05361111111111 ( Fort Rock Cave ) Lake This cave yielded to archeologists the Fort Rock sandals , the oldest manufactured articles found in the Americas , which demonstrated the early development of weaving among Native Americans . Occupation of the site has been dated to 11,000 BCE
7 Jacksonville Historic District November 13 , 1966 ( # 66000950 ) Jacksonville 42°18′45″N 122°58′04″W / 42.31255°N 122.9678°W / 42.31255 ; -122.9678 ( Jacksonville Historic District ) Jackson Founded in 1852 as a mining town , Jacksonville became the principal financial and commercial center of southern Oregon until it was bypassed by the railroad . Its group of surviving , unaltered commercial and residential buildings spans the full range of architectural styles employed in the West between 1850 and 1890 . The town 's unusual state of preservation and completeness make it a uniquely intact example of a mid-19th century inland commercial town
8 Kam Wah Chung Company Building September 20 , 2005 ( # 73001575 ) John Day 44°25′07″N 118°57′25″W / 44.418688°N 118.956922°W / 44.418688 ; -118.956922 ( Kam Wah Chung Company Building ) Grant This building is the best known example of a Chinese mercantile and herb store in the United States . It embodies the role of immigrant Chinese in the post- Civil War expansion period of the western United States
9 Lightship WAL-604 , Columbia December 20 , 1989 ( # 89002463 ) Astoria 46°11′25″N 123°49′27″W / 46.19029°N 123.8242°W / 46.19029 ; -123.8242 ( Lightship WAL-604 , Columbia ) Clatsop Retired in 1979 as the last lightship to be stationed at the Columbia River Bar - or anywhere on the Pacific coast of the United States - WAL-604 retains the best historic integrity of the last generation of U.S. Coast Guard lightships after 1939 . WAL-604 , built in 1950 , and its relatives closely resembled earlier lightship types in external appearance , but were a distinct departure in their overall design
10 Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge January 12 , 1965 ( # 66000238 ) Dorris , California 41°56′48″N 121°39′57″W / 41.9466°N 121.6659°W / 41.9466 ; -121.6659 ( Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge ) Klamath and Siskiyou ( California ) This national wildlife refuge , established in 1908 , was the first large block of public land set aside for wildlife management purposes . Because of the refuge 's extensive overlap with the Klamath Basin water reclamation project , it has become an ongoing example of the tensions between conservation and economic demands in public land management
11 Oregon Caves Chateau May 28 , 1987 ( # 87001346 ) Oregon Caves National Monument 42°05′54″N 123°24′27″W / 42.09841°N 123.40757°W / 42.09841 ; -123.40757 ( Oregon Caves Chateau ) Josephine This rustically intimate site features a shaggy bark finish , stone retaining walls , fishponds , waterfalls , and walkways . Built in 1934 , the structure makes use of a very limited site over a canyon , and retains a high degree of integrity in its design , furnishings , and setting
12 Pioneer Courthouse May 5 , 1977 ( # 73001582 ) Portland 45°31′08″N 122°40′40″W / 45.51886°N 122.6779°W / 45.51886 ; -122.6779 ( Pioneer Courthouse ) Multnomah Built in 1875 and restored in the 1970s , this was one of the first monumental buildings in the Pacific Northwest . It has served as a U.S. courthouse , a customhouse , and a post office . It underwent another rehabilitation in the 2000s
13 Skidmore/Old Town Historic District May 5 , 1977 ( # 75001597 ) Portland 45°31′21″N 122°40′18″W / 45.52242°N 122.6718°W / 45.52242 ; -122.6718 ( Skidmore/Old Town Historic District ) Multnomah One of the most impressive historic commercial districts on the West Coast , this is where Portland began and first flourished . The buildings , which date from the mid-to-late-19th century , were built in a variety of High Victorian architectural styles , and many feature cast iron fronts
14 Sunken Village Archeological Site December 20 , 1989 ( # 89002455 ) Sauvie Island 45°41′49″N 122°50′20″W / 45.69702777777778°N 122.83897499999999°W / 45.69702777777778 ; -122.83897499999999 ( Sunken Village Archeological Site ) Multnomah The archeological remains of this Chinookan village , dating from the mid-13th to the mid-18th centuries CE , are unusually well preserved . This cosmopolitan people 's complex hunter-gatherer economy and extensive trade network allowed them to establish one of the highest population densities in aboriginal North America , yet they left very few physical remains . The site has been subject to erosion and looting , problems which have been ameliorated by a protective layer of riprap
15 Timberline Lodge December 22 , 1977 ( # 73001572 ) Government Camp 45°19′52″N 121°42′41″W / 45.33115°N 121.7113°W / 45.33115 ; -121.7113 ( Timberline Lodge ) Clackamas President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicated this lodge at an elevation of 6,000 feet ( 1,830 m ) on the south slope of Mount Hood in 1937 . It is considered the finest example of 1930s- era mountain architecture by the Works Progress Administration
16 Wallowa Lake Site May 5 , 1989 ( # 89001082 ) Joseph 45°20′11″N 117°13′20″W / 45.336360°N 117.222204°W / 45.336360 ; -117.222204 ( Wallowa Lake Site ) Wallowa The religious and cultural values associated with this traditional Nez Perce campground have persisted for over a century since Chief Joseph the Younger and his band of nontreaty Nez Perce were driven out . It provides a view of high , glaciated lake and mountain country , and includes the final resting place of Chief Joseph the Elder . It is a unit within the Nez Perce National Historical Park
17 Aubrey Watzek House July 25 , 2011 ( # 74001715 ) Portland 45°30′56″N 122°43′39″W / 45.51558°N 122.7275°W / 45.51558 ; -122.7275 ( Aubrey Watzek House ) Multnomah John Yeon 's 1937 house for a lumber magnate combined the International Style with regional preferences to create the Northwest Style
Current National Historic Landmarks
This is a complete List of National Historic Landmarks in Oregon. The United States National Historic Landmark (NHL) program is operated under the auspices of the National Park Service, and recognizes buildings, structures, districts, objects, and similar resources nationwide according to a list of criteria of national significance. The state of Oregon is home to 17 of these landmarks, two of which extend beyond Oregon's borders into other states, as well as one site from which NHL status was withdrawn upon its destruction.