List of Serb countries and regions
Name Years Notes
State of Jovan Nenad 1526-1527 Jovan Nenad ( Serbian Cyrillic : Јован Ненад ; ca . 1492 - 26 July 1527 ) , known as the Black was a Serb military commander in the service of the Kingdom of Hungary who took advantage of a Hungarian military defeat at Mohács and subsequent struggle over the Hungarian throne to carve out his own state in the southern Pannonian Plain . He styled himself emperor ( tsar ) . Jovan Nenad is attributed by Serbian historians as the founder of Vojvodina and the leader of the last independent Serbian state before the Ottoman conquest
Duchy of Syrmia of Radoslav Čelnik 1527-1532 Radoslav Čelnik ( Serbian Cyrillic : Радослав Челник , Hungarian : Radoszláv Cselnik ; fl . 1526-1532 ) , known as Vojvoda Rajko ( војвода Рајко ) , was a Serb general ( vojvoda ) in the army of Jovan Nenad , the titular Serbian Emperor who held present-day Vojvodina , who after the death of Jovan Nenad ( 1527 ) took part of the army from Bačka to Syrmia and acceded into Ottoman service . Radoslav then ruled over Syrmia as Duke of Syrmia ( Srem ) , initially as an Ottoman vassal ( 1527-1530 ) and then as a Habsburg vassal ( 1530-1532 ) , until the region was conquered by the Ottomans . His residence and capital was in Slankamen
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro 1516-1852 The Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro ( Serbian : Митрополство Црногорско ) was an ecclesiastical principality that existed from 1516 until 1852 . It emerged from the bishops of Cetinje , later metropolitans , who defied Ottoman overlordship and transformed the parish of Cetinje to a de facto theocracy , ruling as Metropolitans ( vladika , also rendered Prince-Bishop ) . The history starts with Vavila , and the system was transformed into a hereditary one by Danilo Šćepčević , a bishop of Cetinje who united the several tribes of Montenegro into fighting the Ottoman Empire that had occupied most of southeastern Europe . Danilo was the first of the House of Petrović-Njegoš to occupy the office as Metropolitan of Cetinje until 1851 , when Montenegro became a secular state ( principality ) under Danilo I Petrović-Njegoš . Also , it became a brief monarchy when it was temporary abolished 1767-1773 , when impostor Little Stephen posed as Russian Emperor and crowned himself Lord of Montenegro
Revolutionary Serbia 1804-1813 Revolutionary Serbia ( Serbian : Устаничка Србија / Ustanička Srbija ) or Karađorđe 's Serbia ( Карађорђева Србија / Karađorđeva Srbija ) refers to the state established by Serbian revolutionaries in Ottoman Serbia ( Sanjak of Smederevo ) after successful military operations against the Ottoman Empire and establishment of government in 1805 . The Sublime Porte first officially recognized the state as autonomous in January 1807 , however , the Serbian revolutionaries rejected the treaty and continued fighting the Ottomans until 1813 . Although the first uprising was crushed , it was followed by the Second Serbian Uprising in 1815 , which resulted in the creation of the Principality of Serbia , as it gained semi-independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1817
Principality of Serbia 1815-1882 The Principality of Serbia ( Serbian : Кнежевина Србија / Kneževina Srbija ) was a semi-independent state in the Balkans that came into existence as a result of the Serbian Revolution , which lasted between 1804 and 1817 . Its creation was negotiated first through an unwritten agreement between Miloš Obrenović , leader of the Second Serbian Uprising and Ottoman official Marashli Pasha . It was followed by the series of legal documents published by the Porte in 1828 , 1829 and finally , 1830 - the Hatt-i Sharif . Its de facto independence ensued in 1867 , following the expulsion of all Ottoman troops from the country ; its independence was recognized internationally in 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin . In 1882 the country was elevated to the status of kingdom
Principality of Montenegro 1852-1910 The Principality of Montenegro ( Serbian : Књажевина Црнa Горa/Knjaževina Crna Gora ) was a former realm in Southeastern Europe that existed from 13 March 1852 to 28 August 1910 . It was then proclaimed a kingdom by Nikola I , who then became king . The capital was Cetinje and the Montenegrin perper was used as state currency from 1906 . The territory corresponded to the central area of modern Montenegro . It was a constitutional monarchy , but de facto absolutist
Kingdom of Serbia 1882-1918 The Kingdom of Serbia ( Serbian : Краљевина Србија / Kraljevina Srbija ) was created when Milan I , ruler of the Principality of Serbia , was proclaimed king in 1882 . Since 1817 , the Principality was ruled by the Obrenović dynasty ( replaced by the Karađorđević dynasty for a short time ) . The Principality , suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire , de facto achieved full independence when the last Ottoman troops left Belgrade in 1867 . The Congress of Berlin in 1878 recognized the formal independence of the Principality of Serbia , and in its composition Nišava , Pirot , Toplica and Vranje districts entered the South part of Serbia . In 1882 , King Milan I proclaimed the Kingdom of Serbia and maintained a foreign policy friendly to Austria-Hungary
Kingdom of Montenegro 1910-1918 The Kingdom of Montenegro ( Serbian : Краљевина Црнa Горa / Kraljevina Crna Gora ) was a monarchy in southeastern Europe , present-day Montenegro , during the tumultuous years on the Balkan Peninsula leading up to and during World War I . Legally it was a constitutional monarchy , but absolutist in practice . On 28 November 1918 , following the end of World War I , with the Montenegrin government still in exile , the Podgorica Assembly proclaimed unification with the Kingdom of Serbia which itself was merged into the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes three days later , on 1 December 1918
Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918-1941 The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian : Краљевина Југославија / Kraljevina Jugoslavija ; Slovene : Kraljevina Jugoslavija ) was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe that existed from 1929 until 1941 , during the interwar period and beginning of World War II . The preliminary kingdom was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs ( itself formed from territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire ) with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia . The Kingdom of Montenegro had united with Serbia five days previously , whereas the regions of Kosovo , Vojvodina and Vardar Macedonia were parts of Serbia prior to the unification . Initially , it was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( Serbo-Croatian : Краљевина Срба , Хрвата и Словенаца / Kraljevina Srba , Hrvata i Slovenaca ; Slovene : Kraljevina Srbov , Hrvatov in Slovencev ) , but the term Yugoslavia ( literally Land of Southern Slavs ) was its colloquial name from its origins . The official name of the state was changed to Kingdom of Yugoslavia by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929
SFR Yugoslavia 1945-1992 The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( SFR Yugoslavia or SFRY ) was a country located in central and Southeastern Europe that existed from its foundation in the aftermath of World War II until its dissolution in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars . Covering an area of 255,804 km² ( 98,766 sq mi ) , the SFRY was bordered by the Adriatic Sea and Italy to the west , Austria and Hungary to the north , Bulgaria and Romania to the east , and Albania and Greece to the south . The nation was a socialist state and a federation governed by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia and made up of six socialist republics : Bosnia and Herzegovina , Croatia , Macedonia , Montenegro , Serbia , and Slovenia with Belgrade as its capital . In addition , it included two autonomous provinces within Serbia : Kosovo and Vojvodina
Serbia and Montenegro 1992-2006 Serbia and Montenegro ( Serbian : Србија и Црна Гора , СЦГ / Srbija i Crna Gora , SCG ) , officially the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro ( Државна Заједница Србија и Црна Гора / Državna Zajednica Srbija i Crna Gora ) , also known as Yugoslavia before 2003 , was a country in Southeast Europe , created from the two remaining federal republics of Yugoslavia after its breakup in 1992 . The republics of Serbia and Montenegro together established a federation in 1992 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( FR Yugoslavia or FRY ; Савезна Република Југославија / Savezna Republika Jugoslavija )
History -- Modern History
The term Serbian lands has been used for medieval Serbian state creations, for Serb-inhabited territories in the Ottoman period and in political-geopraphical use since the independence of Serbia and Montenegro.