Kannada script
voiceless voiceless aspirate voiced voiced aspirate nasal
Velars ಕ ( ka ) ಖ ( kha ) ಗ ( ga ) ಘ ( gha ) ಙ ( ṅa )
Palatals ಚ ( ca ) ಛ ( cha ) ಜ ( ja ) ಝ ( jha ) ಞ ( ña )
Retroflex ಟ ( ṭa ) ಠ ( ṭha ) ಡ ( ḍa ) ಢ ( ḍha ) ಣ ( ṇa )
Dentals ತ ( ta ) ಥ ( tha ) ದ ( da ) ಧ ( dha ) ನ ( na )
Labials ಪ ( pa ) ಫ ( pha ) ಬ ( ba ) ಭ ( bha ) ಮ ( ma )
Consonant letters -- Structured consonants
The structured consonants are classified according to where the tongue touches the palate of the mouth and are classified accordingly into five structured groups . These consonants are shown here with their IAST transcriptions .
The Kannada script (IAST: Kannaḍa lipi) is an abugida of the Brahmic family, used primarily to write the Kannada language, one of the Dravidian languages of South India especially in the state of Karnataka, Kannada script is widely used for writing Sanskrit texts in Karnataka. Several minor languages, such as Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, Sanketi and Beary, also use alphabets based on the Kannada script. The Kannada and Telugu scripts share high mutual intellegibility with each other, and are often considered to be regional variants of single script. Other scripts similar to Kannada script are Sinhala script (which included some elements from the Kadamba script), and Old Peguan script
(used in Burma). The Kannada script (ಅಕ್ಷರಮಾಲೆ akṣaramāle or ವರ್ಣಮಾಲೆ varṇamāle) is a phonemic abugida of forty-nine letters, and is written from left to right. The character set is almost identical to that of other Brahmic scripts. Consonantal letters imply an inherent vowel. Letters representing consonants are combined to form digraphs (ಒತ್ತಕ್ಷರ ottakṣara) when there is no intervening vowel. Otherwise, each letter corresponds to a syllable. The letters are classified into three categories: ಸ್ವರ svara (vowels), ವ್ಯಂಜನ vyañjana (consonants), and ಯೋಗವಾಹಕ yōgavāhaka (semiconsonants). The Kannada words for a letter of the script are ಅಕ್ಷರ akshara, ಅಕ್ಕರ akkara, and ವರ್ಣ varṇa. Each letter has its own form (ಆಕಾರ ākāra) and sound (ಶಬ್ದ śabda), providing the visible and audible representations, respectively.