Dubbing (filmmaking)
Voice actor/actress Years active Main actors/actresses dubbed Notes
Tina Lattanzi 1923-1988 Greta Garbo Joan Crawford Marlene Dietrich Greer Garson Rita Hayworth Myrna Loy Famous for her deep , seductive , and adaptable voice , she was the main dubbing actress for femmes fatales in the 1930s and 1940s . Famous interpretations of animation roles were the Evil Queen in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs , Lady Tremaine in Cinderella , the Queen of Hearts in Alice in Wonderland and Maleficent in Sleeping Beauty
Andreina Pagnani 1924-1981 Bette Davis Marlene Dietrich Ginger Rogers Tallulah Bankhead Norma Shearer Greta Garbo
Carlo Romano 1927-1975 Jerry Lewis Lou Costello Bob Hope Rod Steiger Eli Wallach Nigel Bruce Louis de Funès Peter Lorre William Bendix Fernando Sancho Jason Robards He was the official Italian voice of Jerry Lewis , Bob Hope and Lou Costello ; he was also well-known for dubbing the role of Don Camillo played by French actor Fernandel
Rosetta Calavetta 1930-1993 Marilyn Monroe Lana Turner Doris Day Eleanor Parker Ava Gardner Veronica Lake She was the official Italian voice of Lana Turner , Marilyn Monroe and Doris Day
Mario Besesti 1932-1968 Charles Laughton Edward Arnold Thomas Mitchell Raymond Massey
Miranda Bonansea 1932-2009 Shirley Temple Judy Garland Anne Francis Linda Hunt June Allyson Jean Simmons She was the official Italian voice of Shirley Temple
Pino Locchi 1932-1994 Sean Connery Giuliano Gemma Tony Curtis Charles Bronson Sidney Poitier Roger Moore Jean-Paul Belmondo Terence Hill Clint Eastwood Elvis Presley Ringo Starr He was the official Italian voice of Sean Connery until 1994 and the primary Italian voice of James Bond
Lydia Simoneschi 1932-1976 Sophia Loren Ingrid Bergman Maureen O'Hara Barbara Stanwyck Susan Hayward Jennifer Jones Bette Davis Joan Fontaine Considered the queen of Italian dubbing actresses ( together with Rosetta Calavetta , Rita Savagnone , and Dhia Cristiani ) , she dubbed most of the classic Hollywood female stars at least once in her 40-years career
Cesare Barbetti 1934-2006 Robert Redford Robert Duvall Steve McQueen Kevin Kline Dean Jones James Fox Steve Martin Warren Beatty Jon Voight William Shatner Jean-Louis Trintignant John Lennon
Emilio Cigoli 1935-1980 Orson Welles Gregory Peck Gary Cooper John Wayne Burt Lancaster William Holden Charlton Heston Clark Gable Jean Gabin Lee Van Cleef Steve Reeves Henry Fonda Considered the King of Italian dubbing actors ( together with Giulio Panicali and Gualtiero De Angelis ) , he dubbed 7000 films from 1936 to 1980
Giulio Panicali 1935-1973 Tyrone Power Robert Taylor Glenn Ford Ray Milland Robert Mitchum Kirk Douglas Henry Fonda
Dhia Cristiani 1936-1975 Anne Baxter Esther Williams Virginia Mayo Rhonda Fleming Yvonne Sanson Joanne Dru
Gualtiero De Angelis 1936-1980 James Stewart Cary Grant Errol Flynn Dean Martin Henry Fonda
Lauro Gazzolo 1938-1970 Walter Brennan Bud Abbott Peter Lorre Sam Jaffe Alan Napier
Giuseppe Rinaldi 1939-1987 James Dean Paul Newman Rock Hudson Jack Lemmon Peter Sellers Van Johnson Marlon Brando Frank Sinatra Charles Bronson James Coburn Jason Robards
Luciano de Ambrosis 1942-present James Caan Burt Reynolds Dennis Farina He is known for playing the lead role as a child actor in Vittorio De Sica 's film The Children Are Watching Us . Since 1994 , he replaced Pino Locchi as the main Italian voice of Sean Connery . He dubbed most of the roles of the listed actors
Gianni Musy 1942-2011 Michael Gambon Richard Harris Christopher Plummer Max von Sydow Ian McKellen He is best known for dubbing the roles of Albus Dumbledore ( played by Richard Harris first , then by Michael Gambon ) in the Harry Potter film series and Gandalf ( played by Ian McKellen ) in the Lord of the Rings trilogy ( replaced by Gigi Proietti after 2011 ) . He also dubbed most of the roles of Christopher Plummer and Max von Sydow
Massimo Turci 1942-1990 Russ Tamblyn Paul McCartney
Ferruccio Amendola 1943-2001 Robert De Niro Dustin Hoffman Sylvester Stallone Tomas Milian Al Pacino Peter Falk The Italian voice of Robert De Niro , Dustin Hoffman , and Sylvester Stallone in almost each of their films from 1969 to 1995 . He also dubbed the most famous interpretations of Al Pacino . He was chosen by Tomas Milian himself for his dubbed voice
Maria Pia Di Meo 1944-present Meryl Streep Audrey Hepburn Julie Andrews Shirley MacLaine Jane Fonda Barbra Streisand Sandra Dee Julie Christie Ursula Andress Barbara Bouchet Edwige Fenech The most important female dubbing voice in Italy after 1960 . Best known for being the official Italian voice of Meryl Streep , she dubbed most of the films of all the listed actresses
Global use -- Europe
In the Turkish , French , Italian , Spanish , German , Czech , Slovak , Hungarian , Polish , Russian and Ukrainian language-speaking markets of Europe , almost all foreign films and television shows are dubbed ( the exception being the majority of theatrical releases of adult-audience movies in the Czech Republic , Slovakia , Poland and Turkey and high-profile videos in Russia ) . There are few opportunities to watch foreign movies in their original versions . In Spain , Italy , Germany and Austria , even in the largest cities , there are few cinemas that screen original versions with subtitles , or without any translation . However , digital pay-TV programming is often available in the original language , including the latest movies . Prior to the rise of DVDs , which in these countries are mostly issued with multi-language audio tracks , original-language films ( those in languages other than the country 's official language ) were rare , whether in theaters , on TV , or on home video , and subtitled versions were considered a product for small niche markets such as intellectual or art films . France [ edit ] In France , dubbing is the norm . Most movies with a theatrical release , including all those from major distributors , are dubbed . Those that are not , are foreign independent films whose budget for international distribution is limited , or foreign art films with a niche audience . Almost all theaters show movies with their French dubbing ( “ VF ” , short for version française ) . Some of them also offer screenings in the original language ( ” VO ” , short for version originale ) , generally accompanied with French subtitles ( ” VOST ” , short for version originale sous-titrée ) . A minority of theaters ( usually small ones ) screen exclusively in the original language . According to the CNC ( National Centre for Cinematography ) , VOST screenings accounted for 16.4% of tickets sold in France. [ when ? ] [ citation needed ] In addition , dubbing is required [ clarification needed ] for home entertainment and television screenings . However , since the advent of digital television , foreign programs are broadcast to television viewers in both languages ( sometimes , French with audio description is also aired ) ; while the French-language track is selected by default , viewers can switch to the original-language track and enable French subtitles . As a special case , the binational television channel Arte broadcasts both the French and German dubbings and subtitles , in addition to the original-language version . Some voice actors that have dubbed for celebrities in the European French language are listed below . Italy [ edit ] In Italy , dubbing is systematic , with a tradition going back to the 1930s in Rome , Milan , Florence and Turin . In Mussolini 's fascist Italy , release of movies in foreign languages was banned in 1938 for political reasons . Rome is the principal base of the dubbing industry , where major productions such as movies , drama , documentaries and some cartoons are dubbed . However , dubbing in Milan is mostly of cartoons and some minor productions . Practically every foreign film ( mostly American ones ) of every genre , for children or adults , as well as TV shows , are dubbed into Italian . In big cities , original-version movies can also be seen in some theaters but it is not so common . Subtitles may be available on late-night programs on mainstream TV channels , and on pay-TV all movies are available in the original language with Italian subtitles , many shows featuring their original soundtracks . Early in their careers , actors such as Alberto Sordi or Nino Manfredi worked extensively as dubbing actors . At one point , common practice in Italian cinema was to shoot scenes MOS ( motor only sync or motor only shot ) and dub the dialogue in post-production . A notable example of this practice is The Good , the Bad , and the Ugly , in which all actors had to dub in their own voices . Video games are generally either dubbed into Italian ( for instance , the Assassin 's Creed , Halo , and Harry Potter series ) or released with the original audio tracks providing Italian subtitles . The most important Italian voice actors and actresses , as long as the main celebrities dubbed in their career , are listed below .
Dubbing, mixing, or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are mixed with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack. The process usually takes place on a dub stage. After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks - dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music - the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack. Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR,[further explanation needed] also known as additional dialogue replacement,[clarification needed] automated dialogue recording and looping, in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments. Outside the film industry, the term dubbing commonly refers to the replacement of the actor's voices with those of different performers speaking another language, which is called revoicing in the film industry.