Muisca Confederation
Municipality Department bold is capital Ruler ( s ) bold is seat Altitude ( m ) Surface area ( km )
Hunza Boyacá zaque 2820 121.4
Boyacá Boyacá zaque 2420 48
Buenavista Boyacá zaque 2100 125
Chinavita Boyacá zaque 1763 148
Chíquiza Boyacá zaque 2900 119.52
Chitaraque Boyacá zaque 1575 157.65
Chivatá Boyacá zaque 2903 56
Ciénega Boyacá zaque 2460 73
Cucaita Boyacá zaque 2650 43.58
Gachantivá Boyacá zaque 2450 66
Garagoa Boyacá zaque 1650 191.75
Macanal Boyacá zaque 1680 199.5
Motavita Boyacá zaque 2690 62
Oicatá Boyacá zaque 2815 59
Pachavita Boyacá zaque 1985 68
Ramiriquí Boyacá zaque 2325 146.5
Sáchica Boyacá zaque 2150 62.4
Samacá Boyacá zaque 2660 172.9
San Miguel de Sema Boyacá zaque 2615 90
Siachoque Boyacá zaque 2760 125
Territorial organization -- Hunza
The Muisca were bordered to the west by the Emerald People Capital – Hunza Area – 4,700 square kilometres ( 1,800 sq mi ) Average elevation – 2,270 metres ( 7,450 ft ) Last rulers – zaques Quemuenchatocha , Aquiminzaque Date of conquest – 20 August 1537 ( Hunza ) – Jiménez & Pérez de Quesada First city – 6 August 1539 ( Tunja ) – Gonzalo Suárez Rendón
The Muisca Confederation was a loose confederation of different Muisca rulers (zaques, zipas, iraca and tundama) in the central Andean highlands of present-day Colombia before the Spanish conquest of northern South America. The area, presently called Altiplano Cundiboyacense, comprised the current departments of Boyacá, Cundinamarca and minor parts of Santander with a total surface area of approximately . According to some Muisca scholars the Muisca Confederation was one of the best-organized confederations of tribes on the South American continent. Modern anthropologists, such as Jorge Gamboa Mendoza, attribute the present-day knowledge about the confederation and its organization more to a reflection by Spanish chroniclers who predominantly wrote about it a century or more after the Muisca were conquered and proposed the idea of a loose collection of different people with slightly different languages and backgrounds.