Open coopetition
Project Project domain Competing actors collaborating in the project network
OpenRISC Microprocessor design Flextronics , FOSSi , Jennic , Cadence , Accellera , TechEdSat , Beyond Semiconductor , NASA , Royal Institute of Technology ( KTH ) and Technical University of Munich ( TUM ) among others
OpenSPARC Microprocessor design Oracle , Sun Microsystems , SPARC International , Fujitsu , Ericsson , Cobham plc , Zhuhai Orbita Control Engineering Co. Ltd. and European Space Agency among others
RISC-V Microprocessor design Bluespec , Inc. , Google , Microsemi , NVIDIA , NXP , University of California , Berkeley and Western Digital among others
Open Compute Hardware and software designs for data-centers Facebook , Intel , Google , Apple , Microsoft , Rackspace , Ericsson , Cisco , Juniper Networks , HP , Lenovo , Fidelity , Goldman Sachs and Bank of America among others
OpenCL Programming framework for heterogeneous computing environments Altera , AMD , Apple , ARM , Creative , IBM , Intel , Nvidia , Qualcomm and Samsung among others
Open Handset Alliance Mobile devices platform Google , Asus , LG , Samsung , HTC , Acer , Huawei , ZTE , Lenovo , NEC and Sharp among others
Tizen Mobile devices platform Fujitsu , Huawei , NEC , Casio , Panasonic and Samsung among others
GENIVI Alliance In-Vehicle Infotainment ( IVI ) platform Volvo , BMW , Honda , Hyundai , Renault , PSA , Daimler AG ( Mercedes-Benz ) , Mitsubishi Electric and Bosch among others
Open Automotive Alliance In-Vehicle Infotainment ( IVI ) platform Audi , General Motors , Honda , Hyundai , Google , Nvidia , Freescale Semiconductor , Harman and JVC Kenwood among others
Automotive Grade Linux Software stack for the connected car Jaguar Land Rover , Nissan , Toyota , DENSO Corporation , Fujitsu , Harman , NVIDIA , Renesas , Samsung and Texas Instruments among others
SmartDeviceLink Smartphone to vehicle head unit interface Ford , Toyota , Suzuki , Mazda , Subaru , Kawasaki , Magellan and Pioneer among others
Apollo Open Platform Autonomous car platform Baidu , FAW Group , Chery , Volkswagen , General Motors , Hyundai , Daimler AG ( Mercedes-Benz ) , BYD , Ford , Changan Automobile , ZF Friedrichshafen , BAIC , JAC , Great Wall Motors , Tsinghua University , Intel , ZTE , Bosch , Continental AG , Nvidia , Microsoft , Velodyne , NXP Semiconductors , TomTom , UCAR and Grab among others
Tier IV Autonomous car platform Yamaha , Toyota , NEC , Denso , Panasonic , Toshiba , Udacity , Nvidia , Carnegie Mellon University , Keio University , Nagasaki University , Nagoya University , Osaka University , Ritsumeikan University , The University of Tokyo , Waseda University , University of Pennsylvania , eSOL Co. , Ltd , HERE , Intel , Tier IV , Inc , AISAN and AXE among others
Dronecode UAV control software 3DR , Yuneec , Intel , Qualcomm , Parrot , Aerotenna , Event 38 Unmanned Systems , FLYPRO , Baidu
RepRap 3D printing technologies University of Bath , Diamond Age , Metalab , MakerBot , Ultimaker and Prusa Research among others
Arduino Microcontroller board Arduino , SparkFun Electronics , Adafruit Industries , Le L.A.B ( Laboratoire dAix-périmentation et de Bidouille ) , Interaction Design Institute Ivrea , University of Los Andes , New York University and MIT Media Lab among others
KiCad Software suite for Electronic Design Automation ( EDA ) Université Grenoble Alpes , GIPSA-lab [ fr ] , SoftPLC , CERN , Raspberry Pi Foundation and Arduino
Cases -- Beyond software
In R&D management and systems development, open coopetition or open-coopetition is a neologism to describe cooperation among competitors in the open-source arena. The term was first coined by the scholars Jose Teixeira and Tingting Lin to describe how rival firms that, while competing with similar products in the same markets (e.g., Apple, Samsung, Google, Nokia), collaborate which each other in the development of open-source projects (e.g., Webkit). Open-coopetition is a compound-word term bridging coopetition and open-source. Coopetition refers to a paradoxical relationship between two or more actors simultaneously involved in cooperative and competitive interactions; and open-source both as a development method that emphasizes transparency and collaboration, and as a private-collective innovation model with features both from the private investment and collective action - firms contribute towards the creation of public goods while giving up associated intellectual property rights such patents, copyright, licenses, or trade secrets. Such intertwined behavior of cooperation and competition in an open-source way, emphasizes transparency on the development of technological artifacts that become available to the public under an open-source license - allowing anyone to freely obtain, study, modify and redistribute them. Within open-coopetition, development transparency and sense of community are maximized; while the managerial control and IP enforcement are minimized. Open-coopetitive relationships are paradoxical as the core managerial concepts of property, contract and price play an outlier role. The openness characteristic of open-source projects also distinguishes open-coopetition from other forms of cooperative arrangements by its inclusiveness: Everybody can contribute. Users or other contributors do not need to hold a supplier contract or sign a legal intellectual property arrangement to contribute. Moreover, neither to be a member of a particular firm or affiliated with a particular joint venture or consortia to be able to contribute. In the words of Massimo Banzi, You don't need anyone's permission to make something great.