Timeline of Canadian history
Year Date Event
1813 21-22 June During the War of 1812 , Laura Secord learns of an American plan to launch a surprise attack on British forces and walks 20 miles to warn the defenders . The British defeat the American invaders at the Battle of Beaver Dams on 24 June
1818 20 October The London Convention is signed , setting the boundary between the United States and British North America to the 49th parallel from the Northwest Angle in Minnesota west to the continental divide of the Rocky Mountains , and establishing joint control of the Oregon Country
1829 6 June Shanawdithit , the last known living member of the Beothuk people native to Newfoundland , dies ; she was about 29 years old
1846 15 June The Oregon boundary dispute is settled with the signing of the Oregon Treaty , extending the boundary between British North America and the United States along the 49th parallel from the Rocky Mountains to the Juan de Fuca Strait , and defining the maritime boundary to the Pacific Ocean
1864 1 - 9 September The Charlottetown Conference , the first of several meetings to discuss a Maritime Union and Canadian Confederation , is held in Charlottetown
1867 1 July The British North America Act , 1867 , divides the Province of Canada into Ontario and Quebec and joins them with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia to form a confederated state called the Dominion of Canada
1869-1870 11 October-12 May A group of Métis led by Louis Riel mount the Red River Rebellion against Canadian intrusion and form the Red River Colony . The Canadian government regains control after acceding to many of Riel 's demands , but he flees into exile in the United States after the government refused to grant him amnesty
1870 15 July Main article : Timeline of Rupert 's Land and North-Western Territory transfer Concluding a series of agreements between Canada , the United Kingdom , and the Hudson 's Bay Company , Canada acquires Rupert 's Land and the North-Western Territory , forming the North-West Territories . In the aftermath of the Red River Rebellion , Manitoba is subdivided from the new territory in the area around Winnipeg , becoming Canada 's fifth province . Land rights are granted to the Métis
1871 20 July The colonies of British Columbia and Vancouver Island amalgamate and then enter Confederation as the Province of British Columbia , Canada 's the sixth province
1873 1 July Prince Edward Island enters Confederation as the seventh province
1880 1 September The British Arctic Territories are ceded to Canada , becoming part of the North-West Territories
1885 26 March - 3 June Several hundred Catholic Francophone Métis led by Louis Riel and supported by Cree fighters mount the North-West Rebellion and establish the Provisional Government of Saskatchewan . Riel is captured at the Battle of Batoche ( 9-12 May ) , tried for treason , and hanged on 16 November 1885 . Francophones bitterly denounce the sentence and Canada becomes deeply polarized along ethno-religious lines
1885 7 November The transcontinental Canadian Pacific Railway , then the longest in the world , is completed
19th century
This is a brief timeline of the history of Canada, comprising important social, economic, political, military, legal, and territorial changes and events in Canada and its predecessor states.