Minecraft wiki entry for Monster_infighting, associated text: Endermen retaliate, but this rarely happens since they dodge most projectiles. This most commonly happens during the end fight if they are damaged by the ender dragon.
Not all enemies can incite infighting. Zombies, for example, can hit only the player or mob they are currently targeting, so the only way to provoke them into infighting is to get another monster to hit them. For this reason, it is impossible to get two zombies to fight each other.
Breaking gold, opening a chest, or failing to wear gold armor near a piglin causes the piglin to set the player as its permanent target. This means that a piglin does not infight with other mobs once it becomes angry at the player, even if the player never directly attacks the piglin.
Drowned work similarly to zombies. However, a drowned with a trident can hit another when targeting the player, resulting in infighting.