Minecraft wiki entry for Chest, associated text: A small chest has 27 slots of inventory space, and a large chest has twice that amount, at 54 slots. In the Java Edition interface, the top three rows for a large chest correspond to the right half of the chest when facing it, and the bottom three rows correspond to the left half. In Bedrock Edition, the top three rows correspond to whichever half was placed first and the bottom three to the other half.