Minecraft wiki entry for Durability, associated text: Ongoing damage from being on fire
Suffocating inside a block or due to entity cramming (also includes the world border)
Drowning in water (partially for turtle shells)
Starvation
Fall damage (including Ender Pearl)
Falling into the void or /kill
Colliding a block with an elytra
The Poison, Wither and Instant Damage status effects
Being inside of a powder snow block