Minecraft wiki entry for Defeating_a_village_raid, associated text: An iron sword at minimum. Sharpness and Fire Aspect allow quicker elimination of enemies, while Looting enables more spoils from the pillagers and vindicators ‌[Bedrock Edition only].
A full set of iron armor at minimum. Protection ensures better survivability and reduces damage from evocation fangs that would otherwise bypass armor and shields.
Tools, which may be useful to hide villagers underground if blocking doors is not a feasible option, to unblock houses after the raid, and so forth.
A shield to guard against vex attacks, as well as vindicator blows as their attacks cannot disable shields ‌[Bedrock Edition only]
A bow or crossbow as your ranged weapon to take out raiders from a distance. Power and Flame can quickly dispatch most raiders, if not one-shot them.
Plenty of nutritious food, such as steak and bread, to regenerate health.
A water bucket for getting up or down easily; necessary for all missions regardless of difficulty! Using a water bucket can also push vindicators away from you, and they can't go against the flow of the water, allowing you to take down the vindicators quicker.
A stack or more of expendable blocks to barricade village houses.