Minecraft wiki entry for Mechanics, associated text: Bartering: Players can use gold ingots to barter with piglins.
Breeding: Players can breed certain mobs, producing "baby" versions that grow up over time.
Brewing: With a brewing stand, players can brew potions.
Crafting: Players can craft a variety of objects and materials, using the GUI for their inventory or a crafting table.
Recipe book: An in-game guide for players to learn, check or apply recipes. Recipes are unlocked when certain conditions are met, often when players get specific ingredients.
Durability: Many tools have a limited number of uses, the degree to which they are "worn out" is displayed in the main GUI and inventory.
Enchanting: Experience can be used to enchant armor, tools and weapons, granting them improved performance and/or special abilities.
Fishing: Players can use a fishing rod to catch fish, and other items (some quite valuable), or to pull mobs and other entities closer to the player.
Item repair: Players can repair items in various ways through a/an anvil, grindstone, crafting table, or their own inventory.
Light: A mechanic that affects visibility, mob spawning, and plant growth.
Materials: Minecraft classify blocks into different types, more or less indicating what the block is "made of".
Rarity: A statistic applied to items, blocks and advancements to signify their value and ease in obtaining.
Smelting: Players can smelt/cook items in furnaces, smokers or blast furnaces, turning raw materials into more desirable forms.
Tiers: Refer to the different levels of tools and weapons, depending on the material. They determine block minability, durability, mining speed multiplier, damage multiplier, enchantability, and item used for repairing.
Armor materials: Refer to the material that an armor item uses.
Waterlogging: Mechanic that allows non-full-cube blocks to be filled with a water source block, both occupying the same space.
Snowlogging‌[Bedrock Edition only]: A mechanic that allows layers of snow to occupy the same block space as certain types of vegetation.