secondary succession in an existing ecosystem new species developing in an ecosystem species competition in a community primary succession in a new habitat
After mining removes layers of rock from a hillside, new plants begin to grow in the cracks of the bare rock. The plants beginning to grow are an example of which natural process?

Options:
- secondary succession in an existing ecosystem
- new species developing in an ecosystem
- species competition in a community
- primary succession in a new habitat

primary succession in a new habitat