int bdrv_open_image(BlockDriverState **pbs, const char *filename,
                    QDict *options, const char *bdref_key, int flags,
                    bool allow_none, Error **errp)
{
    QDict *image_options;
    int ret;
    char *bdref_key_dot;
    const char *reference;

    assert(pbs);
    assert(*pbs == NULL);

    bdref_key_dot = g_strdup_printf("%s.", bdref_key);
    qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &image_options, bdref_key_dot);
    g_free(bdref_key_dot);

    reference = qdict_get_try_str(options, bdref_key);
    if (!filename && !reference && !qdict_size(image_options)) {
        if (allow_none) {
            ret = 0;
        } else {
            error_setg(errp, "A block device must be specified for \"%s\"",
                       bdref_key);
            ret = -EINVAL;
        }
        goto done;
    }

    ret = bdrv_open(pbs, filename, reference, image_options, flags, NULL, errp);

done:
    qdict_del(options, bdref_key);
    return ret;
}

int bdrv_open_image(BlockDriverState **pbs, const char *filename,
                    QDict *options, const char *bdref_key, int flags,
                    bool allow_none, Error **errp)
{
    QDict *image_options;
    int ret;
    char *bdref_key_dot;
    const char *reference;

    assert(pbs);
    assert(*pbs == NULL);

    bdref_key_dot = g_strdup_printf("%s.", bdref_key);
    qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &image_options, bdref_key_dot);
    g_free(bdref_key_dot);

    reference = qdict_get_try_str(options, bdref_key);
    if (!filename && !reference && !qdict_size(image_options)) {
        if (allow_none) {
            ret = 0;
        } else {
            error_setg(errp, "A block device must be specified for \"%s\"",
                       bdref_key);
            ret = -EINVAL;
        }
        goto done;
    }

    ret = bdrv_open(pbs, filename, reference, image_options, flags, NULL, errp);

done:
    qdict_del(options, bdref_key);
    return ret;
}
