ITEM 1 - BUSINESS
THE COMPANY AND THE BANK
The San Francisco Company (the "Company"), formerly the Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, a Delaware corporation, is a one-bank holding company, registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, for Bank of San Francisco (the "Bank"), a California state chartered bank organized in 1978 whose deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC"), subject to applicable limits. The Company was organized in California in 1981 and reincorporated in Delaware in 1988. The Bank, which the Company acquired through a reorganization in 1982, is the only direct subsidiary of the Company and accounts for over 99% of the consolidated assets of the Company. The Bank delivers its services from its headquarters building, Bank of San Francisco Building, at 550 Montgomery Street (at Clay Street), San Francisco, California 94111, and its phone number is (415) 781-7810.
The Company's Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Class A Common Stock"), is listed on the American Stock Exchange (the "AMEX"). The closing price for the Class A Common Stock on April 12, 1995 was $4.50.
The Bank currently specializes in providing private banking and trust and investment management services for individuals, as well as business banking for such individuals, their businesses and other businesses, primarily in the San Francisco banking market. See "-- Private and Business Banking." In addition, the Bank provides specialized services related to homeowners associations (see "-- Association Bank Services") and brokerage services (see "-- Stock Option Services"). In the future, the Bank intends to establish specialized banking services for the Asian private banking market for individuals who require private banking services both in Asia and the United States.
In October 1994, James E. Gilleran was appointed Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank. Mr. Gilleran had been serving as the California Superintendent of Banks since 1989 and was the Managing Partner for the San Francisco office of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP from 1977 to 1987.
During the period from 1991 through 1994, the Company suffered an aggregate of $74.6 million in losses, primarily as a result of defaulted loans secured by real estate and losses on direct real estate development activities. The Company and the Bank succeeded in avoiding insolvency during this period only through the injection of a total of $52.0 million of new capital by the Company's controlling stockholder, Mr. Putra Masagung. These losses nevertheless caused impairments of capital and the breach of various regulatory requirements that have led to the issuance of orders by both state and federal bank regulatory authorities imposing restrictions and requirements on both the Bank's (the "Orders") and the Company's (the "Agreement") business activities and requiring the timely resolution of problem assets. See "-- Regulatory Agreements and Orders."
In response to continuing operating losses and regulatory oversight, the Company has revised its business strategy to return the Company and Bank to profitability. The Company's goal for 1995 is to return to profitability within the current fiscal year. The following are actions the Company is taking to achieve its objective:
- Capital On April 20, 1995, Mr. Masagung committed to contribute an additional $3.8 million to the Company, expected by April 24, 1995. The Company intends to contribute $4.2 million to the Bank upon receipt of Mr. Masagung's investment. The Company is attempting to raise a minimum of $6.3 million of additional capital.
- Non-performing assets The Company intends to reduce non-performing assets to no more than 50% of capital (after capital restoration plans) by the end of 1995.
- Deposit and Loan Growth The Company has initiated a core deposit incentive program, selective marketing programs, and is identifying and pursuing new sources of core deposits. The funds, if any,
provided by core deposit growth will be used to fund loan growth. The concentration risks in the existing loan portfolio are expected to be reduced through selective renewals and new loan fundings.
- Cost Reductions In addition to the actions mentioned previously, the Company's actions include staff reductions, reduced occupancy expense through the leasing of unoccupied space, settlement of litigation matters to reduce professional fees, and re-engineering operations to improve efficiency and effectiveness. The Company and Bank will continue to consider the purchase of limited partnership interests in the Bank of San Francisco Building Company (BSFBC) as a means of reducing future occupancy costs.
The Company's objectives involve two simple goals; returning the Company and the Bank to profitability and increasing shareholder value. Considerable progress has been made in improving operational routines and controls. However, given the Bank's financial condition, its ability to achieve profitability and improve its regulatory ratios in 1995 is dependent on the Company raising additional capital and executing the sale of a majority of the Bank's non-performing assets.
PRIVATE AND BUSINESS BANKING
Private and Business Banking at the Bank combines highly personalized service with an array of products to meet the complex needs of its primary clients -- executives, professionals and high net worth or high income individuals and the private and closely held businesses with which such individuals are associated. The Bank has specialized in private banking since it began operations in 1979. In the San Francisco area, the Bank's focus on serving the needs of its clients has led it to offer a range of services, including general credit and depository services and specialized corporate escrow services and, to a lesser extent, asset management and trust services.
The Bank seeks to concentrate on establishing relationships with private and closely held businesses and their owners and operators. In particular, the Bank seeks relationships with individuals whose financial needs require customized banking programs. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, Private and Business Banking managed approximately $67.0 million and $80.4 million in deposits, representing approximately 45.5% and 38.3% of the Bank's total deposits, respectively. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, Private and Business Banking managed approximately $72.7 million and $108.0 million in loans, representing approximately 67.5% and 72.4% of the Bank's total loans, respectively.
The Bank places a high degree of importance on providing exceptional client service. To facilitate providing such a high degree of service, the Bank has recruited highly experienced banking professionals who understand and can meet the needs of the Bank's target market. The Bank assigns its professionals to serve small groups of personal clients rather than periodically reassigning such professionals to different areas or shifting them into administrative positions. The Bank seeks to enable its clients to have confidence that their private bankers understand their financial situations and are accessible when needed.
The Bank also places a high degree of importance on responding quickly to its clients' needs. Each client relationship is supported, not only by an individual banking officer, but also by a team familiar with each client's needs and situation, so that the client is aware that another Bank employee other than the primary banking officer is familiar with and is able to respond to such client's needs.
The Company's primary goals and related action steps for the Private and Business Banking Department over the next year involve:
- Deposit growth Private Banking will concentrate on deposit growth in the Bank's "primary" marketing area and aggressively increase new relationships through selling quality service. The focus will be small privately held companies and their owners, and professionals. Every effort will be made to promote merchant and transaction services to those prospects. The initial focus will be calling on existing clients, and the identification and calling on prospective clients.
- Loan concentrations One overall goal in 1995 is to improve the risk ratings and industry concentrations of the portfolio. Private Banking will focus on a broader diversification and reduce real estate related loans. Also, the Bank will selectively concentrate on investment management, law and accounting firms, and other professional companies as well as the personal accounts of the owners and senior partners
associated with these organizations. The Bank will strive to obtain the customer's entire banking relationship rather than being a transaction bank.
Northern California has a highly diversified economic base, including high technology electronic manufacturing, scientific research, real estate construction, retail and wholesale trade and transportation. Much of the diversity in the economic base is attributable to the service sector, including finance, accounting, insurance, communications, law, consulting and tourism. While many of the Bank's loans have been and continue to be collateralized by real estate, and a significant portion of the Bank's clients' net worth has historically consisted of real estate holdings, the Bank's deposit and lending relationships have not been concentrated among borrowers within a specific trade, service or industrial activity.
TRUST SERVICES
The Bank was granted trust powers in late 1989, and beginning in 1990, began to combine the personalized services of private banking with comprehensive investment management services. In addition to acting as investment advisor, the Bank offers its clients individual securities management, cash management, trustee services, including bill paying and budget evaluation, and employee benefits services including Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs). The Bank can handle the administration of probates and trusts, and cash management for foundations. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, trust services were being provided on assets totaling $26.5 million and $25.7 million, respectively. Trust has never achieved the size (and, therefore, fee income) necessary to cover its direct costs. As a result, for 1995, the Company has elected to scale back the Trust business. During 1995, a concerted effort will be made to increase the profitability of existing relationships and to re-engineer internal processes and work flows.
ESCROW SERVICES
Begun in 1989, the Corporate Escrow Services Department ("Escrow") provides a service for all non-real estate escrows, including the temporary deposit and investment of funds, deposit of securities, personal property and other assets by attorneys, business brokers and clients for business transactions, disputes, life care facilities, and court actions. Escrow has always made a modest contribution to operating profit and provides a modest amount of deposits to fund other business activities. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, Escrow managed approximately $6.6 million and $9.2 million in deposits, representing approximately 4.5% and 4.4% of the Bank's total deposits, respectively. Escrow's primary goals and related action steps over the next year involve:
- Increasing fee income and deposits by increasing business development calls, mailings, and advertisements to targeted markets, companies and individuals.
- Better integrating with the Bank's other business units by participating in joint marketing calls with other Bank staff and identification of joint target clients.
- Cross sell the Bank's other businesses by participating in a cross-referral program with Trust, Private and Business Banking, Association Bank Services, and Stock Option Lending.
STOCK OPTION SERVICES
Begun in 1984, Stock Option Services provides a range of brokerage services combined with a program to facilitate the exercise of stock options by employees of publicly held companies. The stock option exercise program offers employees the means to exercise, hold or sell their option shares at a minimum cost.
In this program, the Bank makes loans to holders of stock options of publicly traded companies for the purpose of enabling them to exercise their options and sell the stock thus acquired. The Bank works with stock transfer and employee benefits officers to coordinate the payment of the option exercise price to the company granting such options, the provision for the payment of taxes related to the exercise of such options, the issuance and subsequent sale of the underlying stock and the distribution of the net sale proceeds. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the total amount of the Bank's stock option loans outstanding was $2.1 million and $1.7 million,
respectively. Such amounts can vary substantially based upon the timing of the exercise of stock options as well as market conditions.
Historically, approximately 35% of Stock Option Services' clients have generated over 90% of the fee income of Stock Option Services. These clients are the focus of Stock Option Services' customer service activities; however, this concentration of fee income and service activities exposes the Bank to the possibility of losing certain important clients. For example, certain clients moved their accounts to a competitor in late 1993 after the Bank employees responsible for those accounts were hired by that competitor. This concentration of accounts also leaves the Bank vulnerable to losing a large source of fee income with the departure of a few clients. Management considers the fee income produced by this activity to be highly volatile, and there can be no guarantee that income levels from the activity can be maintained at current levels.
Stock Option Services is a substantially self-funding activity with associated deposit balances closely tracking outstanding loan balances. Because Stock Option Services' deposits are primarily non-interest bearing demand deposit accounts, the Bank benefits from them by reducing its cost of funds. Management believes that most of these clients are in industries that continue to present growth opportunities. Accordingly, stock option programs should represent a continuing component of such clients' overall compensation programs. In addition, management believes that the current client base should represent referral sources for future business development activities for other Bank products and services. As the Bank and the Company expand the Private Banking business, the executives who utilize their company's stock option program with the Bank are natural prospects for other services.
Stock Option Services initiatives include:
- Expanding services to existing clients Through focused calling programs on each client and by maintaining service quality.
- Develop new company relationships The development of a prospect database, an action plan for initial contact and follow-up contacts, and sales and marketing literature are primary action steps completed by a newly hired manager. The Plan includes the development of a marketing program for discount brokerage services.
- Improving systems Review stock option reporting systems and interactive voice response products for possible purchase and linkage with client company relationships.
- Cross sell the Bank's other businesses Participate in a cross-referral program with Private and Business Banking. Determine feasibility of "discount brokerage" concept for Private Banking customers and prospects.
ASSOCIATION BANK SERVICES
Established in 1987, Association Bank Services operates throughout California and is a major provider of deposit and financial management services to homeowner and community associations in the State. The Bank offers deposit accounts for operating funds and reserves, loans, assessment collection services and investment services to homeowner and community associations. In addition, the Bank offers lockbox and courier services, expedited deposit processing and special handling of accounts to simplify banking operations. Deposits from homeowner and community associations are a key component of the Bank's core deposit base. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Association Bank Services Division accounted for approximately $3.1 million and $848,000 in loans, representing approximately 2.9% and .6% of the Bank's total loans, respectively.
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Association Bank Services accounted for approximately $41.6 million and $45.1 million in deposits, representing approximately 28.3% and 21.5% of the Bank's total deposits, respectively. A substantial portion of the Association Bank Services deposits are held in individual accounts that are 100% covered by FDIC insurance. The Bank also offers a certificate of deposit placement service (CD Placement) designed to invest a customer's funds in other insured financial institutions up to a maximum of
$100,000 per institution (for which the Bank is paid a fee based on the average CD Placement investments outstanding).
Although a substantial portion of the individual Association Bank Services deposit accounts are fully insured, a small number of "account managers" control significant numbers of such individual accounts, thus concentrating control of such deposits in the discretionary authority of a few individuals. Accordingly, a decision by several such account managers to withdraw their business from the Bank could have a significant impact on the Bank's core deposits, and thus on the Bank's liquidity. Association Banking Services' primary goals and related action steps over the next year involve:
- Maintain existing clients by continuing to provide the service level and specialized services in addition to new products.
- Evaluate the profitability of existing products by working with clients to ensure that they understand the cost of the services that they receive, and by cross-selling other Bank services to increase the service value that they receive.
- Expand market share by increasing in state and out of state business. Presently, the Bank's primary market of Association Bank Service deposits are in California. Through direct marketing, Association Bank Services is targeting a significant increase in market share within the state. Selective marketing tests in Colorado in 1994 have provided new clients and broadened the Bank's exposure for prospective clients in the Colorado market.
- Loan growth by continuing direct marketing to attorneys, CPA's, and management companies that specialize in the association industry. These provide an excellent source of prospective lending clients and, potentially, deposit customers.
- Expand the automation of services by automating the lockbox processing and integrating ACH services, the Bank will be able to provide a more cost effective product. A new product that will be introduced in 1995 is for associations to collect assessment dues by credit card.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
Management has withdrawn the Bank from all real estate development activities. From 1985 through 1992, the Bank was engaged in commercial and residential real estate development through Bank of San Francisco Real Estate Investors ("BSFRI"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank. Then-applicable regulations and practices of the FDIC and the Federal Reserve Board permitted state-chartered bank subsidiaries of bank holding companies to engage in real estate investment activities if such activities were permitted under state law (as was the case in California). The Bank's approval for engaging in real estate investment and development activities was suspended after November 1991 pursuant to the terms of a Memorandum of Understanding with the FDIC and the State Banking Department (the "MOU"), and the Bank agreed to discontinue its real estate investment activities not later than December 1993. In addition, under FDICIA (see "--Regulation and Supervision -- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991"), the Bank is no longer permitted to engage in real estate development activities and must dispose of assets acquired for such purposes by December 19, 1996. See "-- Regulation and Supervision." As required by FDICIA, the Bank has filed an application to continue the orderly divestiture of its real estate investments until December 19, 1996. The Bank was granted until December 31, 1994 to effect an orderly divestiture of its real estate investments. Although complete divesture was not achieved, the FDIC has not taken enforcement actions against the Bank (see "PROBLEM ASSET PORTFOLIO"). The Bank intends to file another application with the FDIC to allow for an orderly liquidation by December 31, 1995.
BSFRI's activities were substantially cut back after 1989. During 1994, BSFRI sold one property. BSFRI sold no properties in 1993. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, real estate investment totaled $682,000 and $1.5 million, or approximately 0.4% and 0.6%, respectively, of the Company's total assets, excluding real estate accounted for as Bank premises (which totaled at such dates $1.7 million and $2.2 million, respectively).
LENDING ACTIVITIES
Historically, the Bank concentrated its lending activities in commercial and financial loans, in real estate construction and development loans and real estate mortgage loans made primarily to individuals and businesses in the San Francisco area and, for a brief period, in the Sacramento area. The Bank also provides financing for the exercise of employee stock options. The Bank has offered credit for private or closely held businesses ranging from $250,000 to $2.5 million and credit to high net worth and high income individuals ranging from $150,000 to $1.5 million. In conjunction with the Bank's Plan to reduce concentration risks in the loan portfolio, the Bank has elected to reduce the loans it offers to no more than $1.0 million. The Bank has no foreign loans. Renewal of existing loans in excess of $500,000 requires the approval of the Loan and Investment Committee of the Board.
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank had net loans outstanding of $99.5 million and $141.1 million, respectively, which represented approximately 67.6% and 67.2% of the Bank's total deposits at those dates and approximately 63.5% and 61.1% of the total assets of the Company. During 1994, the Bank originated $30.5 million of new loans, compared with $87.8 million of new loans during 1993. The interest rates charged on the Bank's loans have varied with the degree of risk, maturity and amount of the loans and have been subject to competitive pressures, money market rates, funds availability and governmental regulations. Approximately 93.2% of the Bank's loans have interest rates that either adjust with the Bank's prime rate or mature within 90 days.
As of December 31, 1994 and 1993, approximately 70.9% and 66.7%, respectively, of the Bank's loans were secured by real estate. While these percentages indicate an increase, total loans secured by real estate actually declined to $75.5 million as of December 31, 1994 from $99.9 million as of December 31, 1993. A loan may be secured by real estate even though the purpose of the loan is not to facilitate the purchase or development of real estate and even though the principal source of repayment is not the sale of the real estate serving as collateral. However, in accordance with the terms of the Orders the Bank has agreed to diversify its risk by reducing the Bank's exposure to real estate lending and investment. See "-- Regulation and Supervision."
LENDING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Bank's lending policies are established by the Bank's senior management and approved by the Board of Directors of the Bank and its Loan Committee. The Bank is required by regulation to limit its maximum outstanding balance to any one borrower to 25% of capital on secured loans and to 15% of capital on unsecured loans. Secured loans are defined as loans secured by a first deed of trust or possessory collateral. The Bank has established its own internal limits on the outstanding balance of loans to a maximum of $1.0 million. Any renewal of existing loans for over $1.0 million requires the approval of the Loan and Investment Committee of the Board. All loans require the approval of two officers. All loans in excess of $100,000 must be approved by the Bank's Loan Committee, chaired by the Chief Credit Officer and comprised of the Bank's Chief Executive Officer and other senior officers not related to the lending function. The Loan and Investment Committee also must review all extensions of credit in which the Bank's total lending exposure equals or exceeds $500,000.
The Bank assesses the lending risks, economic conditions and other relevant factors related to the quality of the Bank's loan portfolio in order to identify possible credit quality risks. The Bank relies primarily on its own internal credit review staff, which is independent of the lending divisions, to evaluate the loan portfolio. The Credit Administration Department reviews all new and renewed credits in excess of $250,000 on a continuous basis and reports the results of its findings to the Audit Committee of the Bank's Board of Directors. Results of reviews by the Credit Administration Department as well as examination of the loan portfolio by state and federal regulators are also considered by management in determining the level of the allowance for loan losses. In addition, the allowance for loan losses is reviewed and measured against the analysis of individual credits when the potential for loss exceeds amounts assigned to assets of similar risk classifications because of collateral values, payment history or economic conditions.
When a borrower fails to make a required payment on a loan, the loan is classified as delinquent. If the delinquency is not cured, workout procedures are generally commenced. If workout proceedings are not successful, collection procedures, which may include collection demands, negotiated restructures, foreclosures and suits for collection, are initiated. In general, loans are placed on non-accrual status after being contractually delinquent for more than 90 days, or earlier, if management believes full collection of future principal and interest on a timely
basis is unlikely. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all interest accrued but not received is charged against interest income. During the period in which a loan is on non-accrual status, any payment received may be used to reduce the outstanding loan balance. A non-accrual loan is restored to an accrual basis when principal and interest payments are being paid currently and full payment of principal and interest is expected. Loans that are well secured and in the process of collection remain on accrual status.
The Bank may restructure loans as a result of a borrower's inability to service the obligation under the original terms of the loan agreement. Restructures are executed only when the Bank expects to realize more from a restructured loan than from allowing the loan to be foreclosed or seeking other forms of collection.
CREDIT QUALITY
In its lending operations, the Bank continues to take steps to strengthen its credit management practices and to improve the overall quality of the loan portfolio. Such steps include instituting more stringent underwriting standards and restricting lending to small businesses, corporations and individuals for cash flow, inventory funding and other investments. As a result of the decline in California real property values and the desire to reduce concentrations of real estate loans, the Bank has substantially eliminated its origination of land acquisition and development loans other than lending to community redevelopment projects and funding outstanding commitments. See "MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS -- Valuation Allowances."
COMPOSITION OF LOAN PORTFOLIO
The composition of the Bank's loan portfolio at December 31 is summarized as follows:
The following table presents the loan portfolio at December 31, 1994 based upon various contractually scheduled principal payments allocated to maturity categories. This table does not reflect anticipated prepayment of loans.
Loans due in one year or more include $8.6 million with fixed interest rates and $37.2 million with floating or adjustable rates based on prime rate.
Commercial and Financial Loans. The Bank offers a variety of commercial and financial lending services, including revolving lines of credit, working capital loans, letters of credit and loans to facilitate the exercise of stock
options. These loans are typically secured by cash deposits, accounts receivable, equipment, inventories, investments, real estate and securities. The Bank's commercial and financial loans typically bear a floating rate of interest based on the prime rate. The Bank's commercial and financial loans are primarily in principal amounts of at least $100,000 and generally have terms of one year or less. As of December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank had commercial and financial loans outstanding of $83.1 million and $109.0 million constituting approximately 78.1% and 77.2% of the Bank's gross loans, respectively. As of December 31, 1994, approximately 61.0% of the Bank's gross commercial and financial loans were scheduled to mature within one year. During 1994, no single commercial client accounted for more than 4.3% of the Bank's outstanding loan financings.
In underwriting commercial and financial loans, the Bank focuses on the net worth, income, liquidity and cash flows of the borrower or borrowers and, in the case of secured loans, the value of the collateral. The Bank's borrowers who secure their loans typically use personal or business real estate in the San Francisco area as collateral. As of December 31, 1994 and 1993, approximately 50.0% and 49.2%, respectively, of the Bank's total commercial and financial loans were secured by real estate.
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the total amount of the Bank's stock option loans outstanding was $2.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively. See "-- Stock Option Services."
Construction Lending and Real Estate Mortgage Lending. Historically, the Bank has made loans to finance the construction of commercial, industrial and residential properties and to finance land development. The Bank's real estate construction loans typically have had maturities of less than two years, have had a floating rate of interest based on the Bank's prime lending rate, have been secured by deeds of trust and usually have not exceeded 70% of the appraised value of the property at origination. Bank policy generally limits real estate construction loans to 75% of the appraised value of the property after development. From time to time, the Bank sought participants to share in the funding of real estate construction loans. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, real estate construction and mortgage loans constituted approximately 21.9% and 27.1%, respectively, of the Bank's gross loans outstanding. In 1993, management decided to reduce the Bank's real estate construction lending activities in order to help further diversify the Bank's loan portfolio. Accordingly, gross real estate construction loans outstanding as a percentage of gross loans outstanding fell to 8.5% at December 31, 1994 from 9.4% at December 31, 1993.
The Bank's real estate mortgage loans typically are secured by first or second deeds of trust on either commercial or residential property, and have original maturities of three years or more. Such loans have been non-revolving and generally have had maturities that do not exceed ten years. Repayment terms generally include principal amortization over a negotiated term, with balloon principal payments due upon maturity of the loans. The typical purpose of these loans is the acquisition of real property securing the loan. The primary sources of repayment have been the properties' cash flow in the case of commercial real estate loans and the borrower's cash flow in the case of residential real estate. The secondary source of repayment is the sale of the real property securing the loan. Real estate mortgage loans accounted for approximately 13.4% and 17.7% of the Bank's gross loans outstanding as of December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively.
From 1990 through 1991, the Bank had a Residential Lending Division whose objective was to originate residential and multi-family mortgage loans through a network of retail, wholesale and correspondent sources for resale in the secondary market for residential loans. During the third quarter of 1991, as a result of the Division's marginally profitable operations, management decided to substantially reduce the Bank's residential lending activities and began winding down the operations of the Residential Lending Division. In the fourth quarter of 1991, the Bank sold its mortgage servicing portfolio of approximately $21.0 million at a profit. The Bank has retained $5.5 million in residential loans in its portfolio, which it has determined will be held to maturity. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, residential mortgage loans accounted for $4.2 million and $5.5 million, or 4.0% and 3.8% of gross loans outstanding, respectively.
PROBLEM ASSET PORTFOLIO
The Bank's problem assets portfolio consists of non-performing loans, real estate held after foreclosure or in substance foreclosure on assets securing loans ("other real estate owned" or "OREO"), real estate with an impaired value that was originally acquired by the Bank for its own development and loans that are performing but otherwise have undesirable characteristics (as a result, for instance, of impaired collateral or adverse developments
with respect to the borrower's ability to service the loan out of the cash flow of the securing property). As a result of the Bank's real estate lending and the deteriorated economic condition of the California real estate markets, a significant number of loans and investments made by the Bank from 1985 through 1992 have subsequently proven difficult or impossible to recover without incurring losses. As of December 31, 1994, the Bank had $9.4 million in problem loans and $10.7 million in other problem assets (OREO and real estate investments).
In 1994, the Bank reduced its problem asset portfolio by $36.7 million, from $56.8 million to $20.1 million, in accordance with the requirements of the Orders (See "-- Regulatory Agreement and Orders"), through resolutions, charge offs and improvements in loan quality. Of the $20.1 million of problem assets in the Bank's portfolio at December 31, 1994, loans and properties classified by the Bank as other real estate owned comprised 49.8% of the total value of the problem asset portfolio and 46.8% was held on a non-accrual basis. Based upon information currently available, Management believes that the Bank has made sufficient provision to its allowance for possible loan losses and specific reserves to absorb expected losses that might result from the Bank's current strategies to resolve the problem assets.
Presently, the Bank's strategy includes the reduction of problem assets through individual workout plans. Management expects that such sales would not be likely to entail further write downs of the problem assets sold. There can be no assurance, however, that the Bank or the Company will be able to liquidate, resolve or otherwise dispose of any problem assets, or that any liquidation, resolution or disposal of such assets will be made at acceptable values or without the incurrence of additional losses to the Bank or the Company.
The Bank maintains a Special Assets Department to monitor and attempt to resolve the problem asset portfolio with the objective of maximizing value. The Special Assets Department is currently staffed with four full-time-equivalency positions. As a result of the reduction in the number of problem assets, the staffing level for the management of problem assets can be reduced and the Special Assets Department will be absorbed into the Credit Administration Department. Individual workout plans have been developed for certain assets managed by the Special Assets Department, and a tracking system to monitor compliance with these plans has also been established.
CORRESPONDENT BANKS
The Bank has correspondent relationships with twelve banks for the purpose of check clearing, selling federal funds, buying and selling investment securities, the safekeeping of investment portfolio and related record keeping, stock registration and stock transfer services, credit card issuance and servicing, and issuance of letters of credit.
EMPLOYEES
At December 31, 1994 the Company, primarily through the Bank, employed 83 persons, consisting of 76 full-time and 7 part-time employees.
COMPETITION
The banking business in California, and specifically the market area served by the Bank, is highly competitive. The Bank competes for loans and deposits with other commercial banks, including some of the country's and the world's largest banks, savings and loan associations, finance companies, money market funds, brokerage houses, credit unions and non-financial institutions. By virtue of their larger amounts of capital, many of the financial institutions with which the Bank competes have significantly greater lending limits than the Bank and perform certain functions, including corporate trust services and international banking services, which are not presently offered directly by the Bank although such functions may be offered indirectly by the Bank through correspondent institutions. In addition, certain regulatory restrictions which have been imposed on the Bank by
federal and state regulators may prohibit the Bank from engaging in certain activities and place the Bank at a competitive disadvantage to other financial institutions.
The Bank's strategy for meeting its competition has been to concentrate on discrete segments of the market for financial services, particularly small to medium-sized businesses and their owners, professionals, corporate executives, affluent individuals, and homeowners and community associations, by offering specialized and personalized banking services to such clients. In addition, the Bank offers a range of brokerage services to employees of publicly held companies and Private and Business Banking clients where it competes with other brokerage firms, including some of the country's largest brokerage firms.
From time to time, legislation has been and continues to be proposed or enacted which has the effect of increasing the cost of doing business for banks, limiting the permissible activities of banks, or affecting the competitive balance between banks and other financial institutions or between large banks and small banks. It is difficult to predict the competitive impact that these and other changes in legislation may have in the future on commercial banking in general or on the business of the Bank in particular.
REGULATORY AGREEMENT AND ORDERS
CAPITAL ORDERS
On March 24, 1995, the SBD issued an order for the Bank to increase its capital. The capital order requires that the Bank increase its capital by $4.2 million on or before April 10, 1995 and by a minimum of $10.5 million (including the first installment of $4.2 million) on or before June 30, 1995. The second installment must be at least equal to the amount of capital necessary to increase the shareholder's equity to not less than 7.0% of total tangible assets as of February 28, 1995. No assurances were given that the SBD would refrain from taking action against the Bank until the deadlines specified have passed. On April 20, 1995, the Company received a commitment from its major shareholder to contribute an additional $3.8 million in capital, expected by April 24, 1995. The Company intends to contribute $4.2 million in capital to the Bank upon receipt of Mr. Masagung's investment to meet the first installment required by the SBD Capital order.
On March 28, 1995, the FDIC issued a Notification of Capital Category ("Notification") in accordance with its Prompt Corrective Action regulations. The FDIC has determined that the Bank is Critically Undercapitalized. On the date of the Notification the Bank became subject to certain mandatory requirements including submission of a capital restoration plan and restrictions on asset growth, acquisitions, new activities, new branches, payment of dividends or making any other capital distribution, management fees, and senior executive compensation. Prior to the Notification, the Bank was subject to the Orders which included these limitations. In addition, immediately upon receiving notice, the Bank must obtain FDIC's prior written approval before entering into any material transaction other than in the usual course of business, extending any credit for any highly leveraged transactions, as defined by regulation, amending the Bank's charter or bylaws, except to the extent necessary to carry out any other requirement of any law, regulation, or order, making any change in accounting methods, engaging in any covered transaction as defined in section 23A(b) of the Federal Reserve Act, paying excessive compensation or bonuses, paying interest on new or renewed liabilities at a rate that would increase the Bank's weighted average cost of funds to a level significantly exceeding the prevailing rates of interest on insured deposits in the Bank's normal market area, and making any principal or interest payment on subordinated debt.
FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD WRITTEN AGREEMENT
As a result of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco's (the "FRB") examination of the Company as of June 30, 1991, the FRB on April 20, 1992 issued a letter (the "Directive") prohibiting the Company, without the FRB's prior approval, from (i) paying any cash dividends to its stockholders, (ii) incurring any new debt or increasing existing debt, (iii) repurchasing any outstanding stock of the Company or (iv) acquiring or entering into an agreement to acquire any entities or portfolios. The Company has been notified that it is in a "troubled condition" for purposes of Section 914 of the Financial Institutions Recovery, Reform and Enforcement Act ("FIRREA").
On December 16, 1994, the Company and the FRB entered into a Written Agreement (the "Agreement") that supersedes the previous directive dated April 20, 1992. The Agreement prohibits the Company, without prior approval of the FRB, from: (a) paying any cash dividends to its shareholders; (b) directly or indirectly, acquiring or selling any interest in any entity, line of business, problem or other assets; (c) executing any new employment,
service, or severance contracts, or renewing or modifying any existing contracts with any executive officer; (d) engaging in any transactions with the Bank that exceeds an aggregate of $20,000 per month; (e) engaging in any cash expenditures with any individual or entity that exceeds $25,000 per month; (f) increasing fees paid to any directors for attendance at board or committee meetings, or paying any bonuses to any executive officers; (g) incurring any new debt or increasing existing debt; and (h) repurchasing any outstanding stock of the Company. The Company is required to submit a progress report to the FRB on a quarterly basis.
The Company was also required to submit to the FRB an acceptable written plan to improve and maintain an adequate capital position, a comprehensive business plan concerning current and proposed business activities, a comprehensive operating budget for the Bank and the consolidated Company. In addition, the Board of Directors was required to submit an acceptable written plan designed to enhance their supervision of the operations and management of the consolidated organization. The Company has filed all of the required submissions with the FRB in accordance with the Agreement.
CEASE AND DESIST ORDERS
On August 18, 1993, the Bank, without admitting or denying any alleged charges, stipulated to Cease and Desist Orders (the "Orders") issued by the FDIC and the California State Banking Department (the "SBD") that became effective August 29, 1993 (the "Orders Effective Date"). The Orders directed, among other things, that the Bank: (a) achieve and maintain a 7% leverage capital ratio on and after September 30, 1993; (b) pay no dividends without the prior written consent of the FDIC and the California Superintendent of Banks (the "Superintendent"); (c) reduce the $88.6 million in assets classified "Substandard" or "Doubtful" as of November 30, 1992 (the date of the most recent full-scope FDIC and SBD Report of Examination of the Bank), to no more than $40.0 million by September 30, 1994; (d) have and retain management whose qualifications and experience are commensurate with their duties and responsibilities to operate the Bank in a safe and sound manner, notify the FDIC and the Superintendent at least 30 days prior to adding or replacing any new director or senior executive officer and comply with certain restrictions in compensation of senior executive officers; (e) maintain an adequate reserve for loan losses; (f) not extend additional credit to, or for the benefit of, any borrower who had a previous loan from the Bank that was charged off or classified "Loss" in whole or in part; (g) develop and implement a plan to reduce its concentrations of construction and development loans; (h) not increase the amount of its brokered deposits above the amount outstanding on the Orders Effective Date ($20.0 million) and submit a written plan for eliminating reliance on brokered deposits; (i) revise or adopt, and implement, certain plans and policies to reduce the Bank's concentration of construction and land development loans, reduce the Bank's dependency on brokered deposits and out of area deposits, and to improve internal routines and controls; (j) reduce the Bank's volatile liability dependency ratio to not more than 15% by March 31, 1994; (k) eliminate or correct all violations of law set out in the most recent Report of Examination, and take all necessary steps to ensure future compliance with all applicable laws and regulations; and (l) establish a committee of three independent directors to monitor compliance with the Orders and report to the FDIC and the Superintendent on a quarterly basis.
As of December 31, 1994, the Bank failed to meet the capital requirements of the Orders and other industry wide requirements (see "-- Regulation and Supervision -- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act -- Prompt Corrective Action") including the failure to meet the 7% leverage capital ratio imposed by the Orders. This failure occurred because the continued operating losses primarily related to problem assets.
On April 20,1995, the Company received a commitment from its major shareholder to contribute an additional $3.8 million in capital, expected by April 24, 1995. The Company intends to contribute $4.2 million in capital to the Bank upon receipt of Mr. Masagung's investment. Giving effect to the April 1995 capital commitments as of December 31, 1994, the Company and the Bank would not have been in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements including the Impaired Capital. The Company is attempting to raise a minimum of $6.3 million of additional capital in order to comply with all regulatory capital requirements except the Impaired Capital as discussed under "-- Capital Impairment Orders".
The Bank believes that the findings of the FDIC and SBD at their recent examination which began January 30, 1995 will be that the Bank is not in compliance with substantial requirements of the Orders. However, no Report of Examination has been received from the FDIC and the SBD as a result of their recent examination of the Bank. Management believes that the FDIC and SBD will find that the Bank is not in compliance with: (a) having and maintaining management whose qualifications and experience are commensurate with their duties and
responsibilities to operate the Bank in a safe and sound manner; (b) the implementation of a plan to reduce concentrations; (c) the submission of an acceptable plan for the elimination of the reliance on brokered deposits; (d) the reduction of the volatile liabilities dependency ratio to at or below 15%, and; (e) the correction of all violations of law as set out in the previous examination. In addition, because of its asset quality, operating losses, volatile liability dependency and liquidity constraints, the Bank is potentially subject to further regulatory sanctions that are generally applicable to banks that are critically undercapitalized.
In response to the Orders and the failure of the Bank to meet industry wide capital requirements, management submitted a 1995 Business and Profit Plan (Plan) on February 14, 1995 to the FDIC and the SBD for approval. It is expected that the Plan will be have to be updated to give effect for the delay in capital. Management believes that the Bank will be able to take the actions contemplated by such Plan, subject to the general requirement that the Bank return to profitability and be operated safely and soundly. A number of the restrictions imposed by the Orders will remain in effect until the Orders can be officially lifted. Although management anticipates the FDIC and the SBD will lift the Orders once the Bank demonstrates full compliance with the Orders, and the Bank's problem assets are resolved and it is deemed to be operating is a safe and sound manner, no assurance can be given as to when all conditions precedent to the lifting of the Orders will be fulfilled. The Company also is subject to certain restrictions imposed by the FRB pursuant to the Agreement that may prevent the Company from taking steps to establish new businesses (or new subsidiaries) at the Company level until similar conditions precedent are fulfilled.
CAPITAL IMPAIRMENT ORDERS
The California Financial Code (the "Financial Code") requires the Superintendent to order any bank whose contributed capital is impaired to correct such impairment within 60 days of the date of his or her order. Under Section 134(b) of the Financial Code, the "contributed capital," defined as all shareholders' equity other than retained earnings, of a bank is deemed to be impaired whenever such bank has deficit retained earnings in an amount exceeding 40% of such contributed capital. Under Section 662 of the Financial Code, the Superintendent has the authority, in his or her discretion, to take certain appropriate regulatory action with respect to a bank having impaired contributed capital, including possible seizure of such bank's assets. A bank that has deficit retained earnings may, subject to the approval of its shareholders and of the Superintendent, readjust its accounts in a quasi-reorganization, which may include eliminating its deficit retained earnings, under Section 663 of the Financial Code. However, a bank that is not able to effect such a quasi-reorganization or otherwise to correct an impairment of its contributed capital within 60 days of an order to do so from the Superintendent must levy and collect an assessment on its common shares pursuant to Section 423 of the California Corporations Code.
A bank must levy such an assessment within 60 days of the Superintendent's order; the assessment becomes a lien upon the shares assessed from the time of service or publication of such notice of assessment. Within 60 days of the date on which the assessment becomes delinquent, a bank subject to the Superintendent's order must sell or cause to be sold to the highest bidder for cash as many shares of each delinquent holder of the assessed shares as may be necessary to pay the assessment and charges thereon.
As of December 31, 1994, the Bank had contributed capital of $66.2 million and deficit retained earnings of $64.6 million, or approximately 97.6% of contributed capital, within the meaning of Section 134(b) of the Financial Code. Thus, under Section 134(b) of the Financial Code, the Bank's contributed capital was impaired as of that date in the approximate amount of $38.1 million. The Superintendent issued orders, most recently on February 1, 1995, to the Bank to correct the impairment of its contributed capital within 60 days. The Bank has not complied with these orders. As the sole shareholder of the Bank, the Company (not the Company's shareholders) will receive any notices of assessment issued by the Bank. The Bank is in violation of this California law requiring it to assess the shares of the Bank (which are all held by the Company) in order to correct the impairment of the bank's capital.
The Bank's capital impairment may be corrected through earnings, by raising additional capital or by a quasireorganization, subject to the approval of the SBD, in which the Bank's deficit retained earnings would be reduced or eliminated by a corresponding reduction in the Bank's contributed capital. The Bank is addressing the possibility of obtaining approval of a quasi-reorganization with the SBD. If the SBD refuses to grant permission for such a quasi-reorganization, as of December 31, 1994, the Bank would have been required to raise $95.2 million in new capital in order to correct its impaired contributed capital (because the ratio of deficit retained earnings to contributed capital may not exceed 40%, $2.50 of new capital must be raised for every dollar of
impairment). In response to the February 1, 1995 order requiring the Bank to correct its impaired capital within 60 days, the Bank notified the SBD in writing that it did not believe it will be in a position to comply with the order within 60 days, and requested the SBD's cooperation as the Company implements its Plan, and as the Company continues to consider the requirements for a quasireorganization. It is the policy of the Superintendent not to grant a quasi-reorganization unless a Bank can establish that (a) it has adequate capital, (b) the problems that created past losses and the impairment of capital have been corrected and (c) it is currently operating on a profitable basis and will continue to do so in the future.
No assurance can be given that the Bank's capital condition will not deteriorate further as a result of operating losses prior to a quasi-reorganization. In addition, because a quasi-reorganization requires that the Bank reflect its assets and liabilities at market value at the time of the reorganization, the Bank's capital could be further impacted from its present level as a result of such an adjustment in the market value of the Bank's assets and liabilities. Finally, there can be no assurance that, following a correction of the Bank's capital impairment, whether through a quasi-reorganization or an infusion of sufficient capital, the Bank's capital position will not continue to erode through future operating losses. As long as the Bank's contributed capital is impaired, the Superintendent is authorized to take possession of the property and business of the Bank, or to order the Bank to comply with the legal requirement and levy an assessment on the shares of the Bank held by the Company sufficient to correct the impairment. As the Company is the sole shareholder of the Bank, the assessment would be made on the Company. The Company does not have the funds to satisfy such an assessment. Management believes, however, that the Superintendent has never exercised his bank takeover powers under Section 134 solely on the basis that a bank's capital is impaired under the standards set forth in Section 134.
In order to permit a quasi-reorganization of a bank's capital, the SBD requires, among other things, that a bank demonstrate that it is adequately capitalized and that it is capable of operating profitably. Management believes, although it cannot assure, that the Bank will be able to so demonstrate at such time as the Bank's problem assets are substantially resolved and additional capital is received, that it will then be possible for the Bank to effect a quasi-reorganization. Management also believes that the Bank will have high leverage and risk-based capital ratios if current capital raising efforts are successful, it is unlikely that the Superintendent would seek to take action solely on the basis of impaired capital under the Section 134 definition. There can be no assurance, however, that other circumstances such as insufficient liquidity (See "MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - Liquidity") or further operating issues will not arise that would provide incentive to the Superintendent to utilize the powers granted by Section 134.
REGULATION AND SUPERVISION
Bank holding companies and banks are subject to extensive supervision and regulation. The following summaries of certain statutes and regulations affecting banks and bank holding companies do not purport to be complete. Such summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to such statutes and regulations.
THE COMPANY
The Company, as a bank holding company, is subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the "Holding Company Act"), and is registered with and subject to the supervision of the FRB. It is the policy of the FRB that each bank holding company serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks and not conduct its operations in an unsafe or unsound manner.
The Holding Company Act generally restricts the Company from engaging in any business other than managing or controlling banks or furnishing services to its subsidiaries. Among the exceptions to such restrictions are certain activities which, in the opinion of the FRB, are so closely related to banking or to managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident to banking. The Company also is generally prohibited from acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of any class of voting shares of any company unless that company is engaged in activities permissible for bank holding companies and the Company receives the prior approval of the FRB.
The Company and its subsidiaries are prohibited from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements in connection with any extension of credit, sale or lease of property or provision of services. For example, with certain
exceptions, the Bank is not permitted to condition an extension of credit on a customer obtaining other services provided by it or the Company, or on a promise by the customer not to obtain other services from a competitor. In addition, applicable federal law imposes certain restrictions on transactions between the Bank and its affiliates. As an affiliate of the Bank, the Company is subject, with certain exceptions, to the provisions of federal law imposing limitations on, and requiring collateral for, loans by the Bank to any affiliate.
The Holding Company Act also requires the Company to obtain the prior approval of the FRB before acquiring all or substantially all of the assets of any bank or ownership or control of the voting shares of any bank if, after giving effect to such acquisition, the Company would own or control, directly or indirectly, more than 5% of any class of voting shares of such bank.
Finally, the Company is subject to restrictions on its operations imposed by the Agreement. See "-- Regulatory Agreement and Orders -- Federal Reserve Board Written Agreement."
THE BANK
The Bank is a California state-chartered bank and is subject to regulation, supervision and periodic examination by the SBD and the FDIC. The Bank is not a member of the Federal Reserve System, but is nevertheless subject to certain regulations of the FRB. The Bank's deposits are insured by the FDIC to the maximum amount permitted by law, which is currently $100,000 per depositor in most cases.
The regulations of state and federal bank regulatory agencies govern most aspects of the Bank's business and operations, including but not limited to, the scope of its business, its investments, its reserves against deposits, the timing of the availability of deposited funds, the payment of dividends, potential expansion, including real estate development activities, and the maximum rates of interest allowed on certain deposits.
The Bank is subject to regulatory and operating restrictions pursuant to several orders and a notification issued by the FDIC and SBD. These orders and restrictions are discussed in full in "Regulatory Agreement and Orders".
CHANGE IN BANK CONTROL
The Holding Company Act and the Change in Bank Control Act of 1978, as amended (the "Change in Control Act"), together with regulations of the FRB, require that, depending on the particular circumstances, either FRB approval must be obtained or notice must be furnished to the FRB and not disapproved prior to any person or company acquiring "control" of a bank holding company, such as the Company, subject to exemptions for certain transactions. Control is conclusively presumed to exist if an individual or company acquires 25% or more of any class of voting securities of the bank holding company. Control is rebuttably presumed to exist if a person acquires 10% or more but less than 25% of any class of voting securities and either the company has registered securities under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or no other person will own a greater percentage of that class of voting securities immediately after the transaction. Generally, similar rules on the acquisition of control apply to the Bank under California banking law and the Change in Control Act. Finally, the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "Hart-Scott Act"), together with regulations of the Federal Trade Commission, may require certain filings to be made with the Federal Trade Commission and the United States Department of Justice, and certain waiting periods to expire, prior to consummation of an acquisition of a bank holding company's voting securities.
CAPITAL ADEQUACY REQUIREMENTS
The Company is subject to the FRB's capital guidelines for bank holding companies while the Bank is subject to the FDIC's regulations governing capital adequacy for nonmember banks and to similar rules under California banking law. As noted below, the Federal banking agencies have solicited comments on a proposed regulation which would impose additional capital requirements on banks based on the interest rate risk inherent in a bank's portfolio.
The FRB has established a minimum leverage ratio of 3% Tier 1 capital1/ to total assets for bank holding companies that have received the highest composite regulatory rating (a regulatory measurement of capital, assets, management, earnings and liquidity) and that are not anticipating or experiencing any significant growth. All other institutions will be required to maintain a leverage ratio of at least 100 to 200 basis points above the 3% minimum.
FRB regulations require bank holding companies to maintain a minimum ratio of qualifying total capital to risk-weighted assets of 8.00%. Risk-based capital ratios are calculated with reference to risk-weighted assets, including both on and off-balance sheet exposures, which are multiplied by certain risk weights assigned by the FRB to those assets. At least one-half of the qualifying capital must be in the form of Tier 1 capital.
In certain circumstances, the FRB may determine that the capital ratios for a bank holding company must be maintained at levels which are higher than the minimum levels required by the guidelines. A bank holding company which does not achieve and maintain the required capital levels may be issued a capital directive by the FRB to ensure the maintenance of required capital levels.
The Bank failed to meet its regulatory capital requirements at March 31, 1993 and December 31, 1994 and, therefore, was required to file a Capital Restoration Plan pursuant to the "prompt corrective action" system imposed by the FDIC under FDICIA. The Bank failed to comply with the Capital Restoration Plan filed in 1993. A revised Capital Restoration Plan, the Plan, was filed on March 15, 1995 and has yet to be approved by the FDIC. As a condition of FDIC approval of the Bank's previous Capital Restoration Plan, the Company agreed to guarantee that the Bank will comply with the Capital Restoration Plan. The Company guaranteed that the Bank would comply with the Capital Restoration Plan until the Bank met its minimum capital requirements on average during each of four consecutive calendar quarters. The Company's liability under the guarantee is limited to the lesser of 5% of the Bank's total assets at the time it became under capitalized or an amount which is necessary (or would have been necessary) to bring the Bank into compliance with all of its capital requirements as of the time it fails to comply with its capital restoration plan. The Bank's capital is also impaired under California law, permitting the Superintendent to take possession of the Bank unless its capital impairment is cured through contribution of additional capital by the Company to the Bank or through a quasi-reorganization of the Bank. See "-- Regulatory Agreement and Orders -- Capital Impairment Order."
The FDIC has established risk-based and leverage capital regulations for state nonmember banks which are similar to the FRB's capital guidelines for bank holding companies. In addition to these capital requirements, the Orders require the Bank to meet an individual minimum capital requirement after September 30, 1993 of 7% for Tier 1 capital to total average assets (leverage ratio). The Bank's leverage capital ratio was 0.9% as of December 31, 1994. See "-- Regulatory Agreement and Orders."
On April 20, 1995, the Company's major shareholder committed to contribute $3.8 million in capital, expected by April 24, 1995. The Company intends to contribute $4.2 million in capital to the Bank upon receipt of Mr. Masagung's investment. Giving effect to the April 1995 capital commitment as of December 31, 1994, the Company and the Bank would not have been in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements including the Impaired Capital. The Company is attempting to raise a minimum of $6.3 million of additional capital in order to comply with all regulatory capital requirements except the Impaired Capital as discussed under "-- Capital Impairment Orders". See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Capital".
- - --------------------------------- 1/ Tier 1 capital is generally defined as the sum of the core capital elements less goodwill and certain intangibles. The following items are defined as core capital elements: (i) common stockholders' equity; (ii) qualifying noncumulative perpetual preferred stock; and (iii) minority interests in the equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries.
PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS
Since April 20, 1992, the FRB has prohibited the Company from paying any cash dividends to its shareholders without prior FRB approval. The ability of the Company to pay dividends in the future will depend in large part on the Company's ability to satisfy the concerns of the FRB as set forth in the Agreement regarding the financial performance of the Company, and the ability of the Bank to make dividend payments to the Company. The Bank's ability to make dividend payments is dependent upon the ability of the Bank to return to profitability, to satisfy the regulatory concerns expressed in the Orders, and the ability of the Bank to cure its capital impairment or obtain approval from the SBD to conduct a quasi-reorganization to reduce or eliminate the Bank's deficit retained earnings. See "-- Regulatory Agreement and Orders -- Capital Impairment Order."
In addition, any future payment of dividends by the Bank is subject to meeting the state law requirement that amount of funds available for a cash dividend shall be the lesser of retained earnings of the bank or the bank's net income for its last three fiscal years (less the amount of any distributions to shareholders made during such period). If the above test is not met, cash dividends may be paid with the prior approval of the SBD, in an amount not exceeding greatest of the bank's retained earnings, net income for its last fiscal year, or the amount of its net income for its current fiscal year. The Bank is not presently permitted to pay any dividends to the Company because it has sustained net losses throughout the period 1991 through 1994. As a result of these losses, the Bank had deficit retained earnings of $64.6 million as of December 31, 1994 and currently the Bank's capital is impaired in the amount of $38.1 million, giving the Superintendent the power to take possession of the Bank in the event its capital impairment is not cured. See "-- Regulatory Agreement and Orders -- Capital Impairment Orders."
Accordingly, any future payment of cash dividends will depend upon the Bank correcting its capital impairment, meeting applicable capital requirements, maintaining an adequate allowance for loan and lease losses, satisfying the terms of the Orders outstanding against it, its ability to conduct profitable operations and other factors.
FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1991
General
FDICIA primarily addresses the safety and soundness of the deposit insurance fund, supervision of and accounting by insured depository institutions and prompt corrective action by the federal bank regulatory agencies for troubled institutions. FDICIA gives the FDIC, in its capacity as federal insurer of deposits, broad authority to promulgate regulations to assure the viability of the deposit insurance fund including regulations concerning safety and soundness standards. FDICIA also places restrictions on the activities of state-chartered institutions and on institutions failing to meet minimum capital standards and provides enhanced enforcement authority for the federal banking agencies. FDICIA has strengthened FRB regulations regarding insider transactions.
Prompt Corrective Action
FDICIA amended the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (the "FDIA") to establish a format for closer monitoring of insured depository institutions and to enable prompt corrective action by regulators when an institution begins to experience difficulty. The general thrust of these provisions is to impose greater scrutiny and more restrictions on institutions as their requirements for additional capitalization increases.
FDICIA establishes five capital categories for insured depository institutions: (a) Well Capitalized;2/ (b) Adequately Capitalized;3/ (c) Undercapitalized;4/ (d) Significantly Undercapitalized;5/ and (e) Critically Undercapitalized.6/ All insured institutions (i.e., the Bank) are barred from making capital distributions or paying management fees to a controlling person (i.e., the Company) if to do so would cause the institution to fall into any of the three undercapitalized categories.
Undercapitalized institutions are subject to several mandatory supervisory actions, including increased monitoring and periodic review of the institution's efforts to restore its capital, submitting an acceptable capital restoration plan, restricted asset growth, and limits on acquisitions, new branches or new lines of business. A parent holding company of an undercapitalized bank is expected to guarantee that the bank will comply with the bank's capital restoration plan until the bank has been adequately capitalized, on the average, for four (4) consecutive quarters. Such guarantee is limited to the lesser of 5% of the bank's total assets at the time it became undercapitalized or the amount necessary to bring the bank into full capital compliance.
Significantly undercapitalized institutions and undercapitalized institutions that fail to submit and implement adequate capital restoration plans are subject to the mandatory provisions applicable to undercapitalized institutions and, in addition, may be required to: sell additional capital, including voting shares; restrict transactions with affiliates; restrict interest rates paid on deposits; restrict asset growth or reduce total assets; terminate, reduce or alter any risky activities; elect new directors and install new management; cease accepting deposits from correspondent depository institutions; or divest or liquidate certain subsidiaries. A bank holding company may be required to divest itself of any affiliate of the institution (other than another insured depository institution) under certain conditions. Critically undercapitalized institutions face even more severe restrictions. See "-- Regulatory Agreement and Orders -- Capital Orders."
In addition, significantly undercapitalized institutions will be prohibited from paying any bonus or raise to a senior executive officer without prior agency approval. No such approval will be granted to an institution which is required to but has failed to submit an acceptable capital restoration plan.
Critically undercapitalized institutions are required to enter into a written agreement with the SBD with the FDIC as a party to the agreement to increase Tier I leverage capital to such level as the FDIC deems appropriate or the institution may be subject to termination of insurance action by the FDIC. The written agreement would require the immediate efforts by the institution to acquire the required capital.
FDICIA also provides that if a well or adequately capitalized or undercapitalized institution is in an unsafe or unsound condition or is engaging in an unsafe or unsound practice, its capital category may be downgraded to achieve a higher level of regulatory scrutiny and prompt corrective action. FDICIA restricts the solicitation and acceptance of and interest rates payable on brokered deposits by insured depository institutions that are not well capitalized and has added new bases for which a conservator or receiver may be appointed for undercapitalized and
- - ----------------------------- 2/ Well Capitalized means a financial institution with a total risk-based ratio of 10% or more, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of 6% or more and a leverage ratio of 5% or more, so long as the institution is not subject to an order, written agreement, capital directive or prompt corrective action directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure.
3/ Adequately Capitalized means a total risk-based ratio of 8% or more, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of 4% or more and a leverage ratio of 4% or more (3% or more if the institution has received the highest composite rating in its most recent report of examination) and does not meet the definition of a Well Capitalized institution.
4/ Undercapitalized means a financial institution with a total risk-based ratio of less than 8%, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of less than 4% or a leverage ratio of less than 4%.
5/ Significantly Undercapitalized means a financial institution with a total risk-based ratio of less than 6%, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of less than 3% or a leverage ratio of less than 3%.
6/ Critically Undercapitalized means a financial institution with a ratio of tangible equity to total assets that is equal to or less than 2%.
critically undercapitalized institutions and under certain other circumstances not relating to capital levels. Finally, FDICIA establishes a risk-based assessment system for calculating a depository institution's semiannual deposit insurance premium under which institutions pay premiums based upon their capital classification and supervisory risk.
Brokered Deposits
FDICIA restricts the acceptance of brokered deposits by insured depository institutions that are not well capitalized. It also places restrictions on the interest rate payable on brokered deposits and the solicitation of such deposits. An undercapitalized institution will not be allowed to solicit brokered deposits by offering rates of interest that are significantly higher than the prevailing rates of interest on insured deposits in the particular institution's normal market areas or in the market area in which such deposits would otherwise be accepted.
The FDIC has promulgated final regulations with respect to the ability of insured depository institutions in each of the new capitalization categories to accept brokered deposits. Under the regulations, undercapitalized institutions are prohibited from accepting funds obtained directly or indirectly though a deposit broker. Adequately capitalized institutions may accept brokered deposits only if a waiver is first obtained from the FDIC. Well capitalized institutions are permitted by the regulations to accept brokered funds without restriction. For purposes of the brokered deposit regulation the FDIC has stated that the term "well capitalized" means an institution whose leverage and risk-based capital ratios are at least one to two percentage points higher than those currently required by applicable regulations, and which has not been notified that it is in a troubled condition.
In addition to the above restrictions on acceptance of brokered deposits, FDICIA provides that no pass-through deposit insurance will be provided to employee benefit plan deposits accepted by an institution which is ineligible to accept brokered deposits under applicable law and regulations.
Under the Order, the Bank is required to submit a written plan to the FDIC for eliminating its reliance on brokered deposits, and to provide the Regional Director of the FDIC and the SBD with monthly written reports outlining the Bank's progress under the plan. The FDIC had granted the Bank permission to renew brokered deposits through September 1995, provided that the Bank continued to meet the definition of an adequately capitalized institution. At December 31, 1994, the Bank did not meet the definition of an adequately capitalized institution. The brokered deposit waiver was suspended on January 30, 1995. At December 31, 1994, the Bank had brokered deposits of $19.7 million. These brokered deposits have various maturity dates. However, they cannot be extended without further regulatory approval which cannot be granted if the Bank's capital ratios remain below the minimum requirements.
Conservatorship and Receivership
FDICIA adds grounds to the previously existing list of reasons for appointing a conservator or receiver for an insured depository institution including: (a) substantial dissipation of assets or earnings due to an unsafe or unsound practice or any violation of law or regulation; (b) existence of an unsafe or unsound condition; (c) any willful violation of a cease and desist order; (d) any concealment of assets, records, books or papers from any federal or state bank regulatory agency; (e) likely inability of the institution to meet obligations in the normal course of business; (f) losses threatening capital; (g) the institution becomes undercapitalized where certain factors are present suggesting the institution may not become adequately capitalized; or (h) the institution is critically undercapitalized or otherwise has substantially insufficient capital. The FDIC's March 28, 1995 Notification of Capital Category included a determination that the Bank is critically under capitalized thus making the Bank eligible for conservatorship or receivership.
FIRREA provides other grounds upon which a receiver or conservator may be appointed for a state bank. These other grounds include "having substantially insufficient capital," incurrence or likely incurrence of losses that will deplete all or substantially all of a bank's capital with no reasonable prospect for that capital to be replenished without federal assistance, or a violation of law or regulation which is likely to weaken the condition of the institution.
Deposit Insurance Premiums
As of January 1, 1993, the FDIC charges higher deposit insurance premiums on banks which pose greater risks to the deposit insurance fund. Under the rule, a bank is required to pay an annual insurance premium ranging from 0.23% to 0.31% for domestic deposits, depending upon the bank's risk classification. A bank's risk classification is determined by the FDIC according to the bank's capital ratios and the FDIC's evaluation of the bank based upon federal and state supervisory examinations and other relevant information. Under the classification system, the FDIC has assigned the Bank its highest risk classification and set the Bank's deposit insurance premium at 0.31%.
Restrictions on Insured State Bank Activities and Investments
Recently enacted FDIC regulations generally prohibit an insured state bank from directly engaging as principal in any activity that is not permissible for a national bank, and also prohibit majority-owned subsidiaries of an insured state bank from engaging in any activity that is not permissible for a subsidiary of a national bank, unless the bank meets and continues to meet applicable minimum capital standards and the FDIC determines that the conduct of the activity by the bank and/or its majority-owned subsidiary will not pose a significant risk to the deposit insurance funds.
If consent to engage in the activity is denied, the bank is required to cease the activity not later than one year from the denial. However, the FDIC may condition or restrict the conduct of any impermissible activity during this phase-out period. If the activities of a subsidiary are denied consent by the FDIC, the bank is required to divest its interest in the subsidiary as quickly as prudently possible, but in no event later than December 19, 1996. Alternatively, the bank may discontinue the impermissible activity, but this must be effected within one year of the date of denial.
These new regulations also impose new restrictions on real estate investments, requiring that undercapitalized banks with subsidiaries holding impermissible equity investments in real estate cease the activity as soon as practicable, but no later than June 8, 1994, and divest the subsidiary or the real estate investments owned by the subsidiary as soon as practicable, but in no event later than December 19, 1996. State banks also must obtain the prior consent of the FDIC before making real estate loans other than in compliance with guidelines established for national banks. The Bank has conducted real estate investment activities through its subsidiary BSFRI. As required by FDICIA, the Bank has filed an application to continue the orderly divestiture of its real estate investments until December 19, 1996. The Bank was granted until December 31, 1994 to effect on orderly divestiture of its real estate investments. The FDIC has not taken enforcement action against the Bank with respect to such divestiture. The Bank intends to file another application to continue the orderly divestiture by December 31, 1995.
Proposed Standards on Safety and Soundness
Pursuant to the requirements of FDICIA, recently proposed FDIC and FRB regulations provide new standards for safety and soundness applicable to banks and bank holding companies. The proposed regulations establish managerial, operational, asset quality and earnings standards for state nonmember banks as well as bank holding companies, i.e., requiring banks and bank holding companies to maintain a ratio of classified assets to total capital and ineligible allowances no greater than 1.25% of risk weighted assets, and to maintain minimum earnings sufficient to absorb losses without impairing capital. A bank's "minimum earnings" are deemed sufficient if the bank's earnings during its last four quarters would be sufficient for the bank to maintain compliance with its minimum capital requirements for the next four quarters. Due to the Bank's operating losses during each quarter of 1994, the Bank will not be in compliance with this regulation if adopted. In addition, the proposed safety and soundness standards would prohibit excessive compensation or compensation which could lead to material financial loss for the bank or bank holding company.
These regulations are subject to change; therefore, the ultimate impact on the Company and the Bank of final regulation in this area cannot be predicted at this time.
Extensions of Credit to Insiders and Transactions with Affiliates
The Federal Reserve Act and FRB regulations, which are applicable to state nonmember banks under regulations of the FDIC, place limitations and conditions on loans or extensions of credit to: a bank's or bank holding company's executive officers, directors and principal shareholders (i.e., in most cases, those persons who own, control or have power to vote more than 10% of any class of voting securities); any company controlled by any such executive officer, director or shareholder; or any political or campaign committee controlled by such executive officer, director or principal shareholder.
Loans extended to any of the above persons must comply with loans-to-one-borrower limits, require prior full board approval when aggregate extensions of credit to such person exceed specified amounts, must be made on substantially the same terms (including interest rates and collateral) as, and following credit-underwriting procedures that are not less stringent than, those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with non-insiders, and must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features. Regulation O also prohibits a bank from paying an overdraft on an account of an executive officer or director, except pursuant to a written pre-authorized interest-bearing extension of credit plan that specifies a method of repayment or a written pre-authorized transfer of funds from another account of the officer or director at the bank.
The provisions of Regulation O summarized above reflect substantial strengthening as a result of the adoption of FDICIA. FDICIA also resulted in an amendment to Regulation O which provides that the aggregate limit on extensions of credit to all insiders of a bank as a group cannot exceed the bank's unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus. An exception to this limitation is provided, until February 18, 1994, for banks with less than $100.0 million in deposits. The aggregate limit applicable to such banks is two times the bank's unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus, provided the bank meets or exceeds all applicable capital requirements.
Government Monetary Policy
The earnings of the Bank and, therefore, the earnings of the Company, are and will be affected by the policies of regulatory authorities, including the FRB. An important function of the FRB is to regulate the national supply of bank credit. Among the instruments used to implement these objectives are open market operations in U.S. Government securities, changes in reserve requirements against bank deposits, and changes in the discount rate which banks pay on advances from the Federal Reserve System. These instruments are used in varying combinations to influence overall growth and distribution of bank loans, investments and deposits, and their use may also affect interest rates on loans or interest rates paid for deposits. The monetary policies of the FRB have had a significant effect on the operating results of commercial banks in the past and are expected to continue to do so in the future. The effect, if any, of such policies upon the future business earnings of the Company and the Bank cannot be predicted.
RECENT FEDERAL AND STATE LEGISLATION
FEDERAL
In late September 1994, two major pieces of financial services legislation were signed into law.
The Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 seeks to facilitate securitization of small business loans, reduce bank's paperwork and regulatory burden, streamline anti-money laundering rules, and toughen flood insurance compliance.
Small Business Capital Formation Small business access to capital is encouraged by Title II of the ACT, which seeks to remove impediments in existing law to the securitization of small business loans and leases. The Small Business Loan Securitization and Secondary Market Enhancement Act of 1994 creates a secondary market framework for small business related securities, with the goal of stimulating the flow of funds to small businesses.
Paperwork Reduction and Regulatory Improvement Title III of the Act of 1994 provides a number of initiatives to lessen the regulatory burden placed upon banks and other depository institutions. Title III also affects a number of the consumer compliance laws by allowing streamlined disclosures for radio advertising
of consumer leases, providing consumers with information necessary to challenge an "adverse characterization" due to a credit reporting agency report and by clarifying the disclosure requirements under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act regarding the transfer of serviced mortgaged loans.
Money Laundering Title IV addressed reform of Currency Transaction Reports to increase their usefulness to the Federal Government and to various law enforcement agencies in combating money laundering. The measure also calls for improvement in the identification of money laundering schemes, better controls over negotiable instruments drawn on foreign banks by making them subject to reporting, and uniform licensing and registration of check cashing and money transmitting businesses, which are often used to facilitate illegal currency transactions.
Flood Insurance Title V, the "National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994" reforms the financial condition of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). This legislation requires improved compliance with the mandatory purchase requirements of the NFIP by bank lenders and secondary market purchasers.
The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 liberalizes both interstate banking by way of bank subsidiaries and provides for phased-in direct interstate branch banking.
Mergers and Acquisitions Specifically, Title I of the Interstate Banking Act allows adequately capitalized and managed bank holding companies to acquire banks in any state starting one year after enactment. Another important provision allows interstate merger transactions beginning June 1, 1997. States are permitted, however, to pass legislation providing for either earlier approval of mergers with out-of State banks, or "opting-out" of interstate mergers entirely. Through interstate merger transactions, banks will be able to acquire branches of out-of-State banks by converting their offices into branches of the resulting bank. The Act provides that it will be the exclusive means for bank holding companies to obtain interstate branches.
Protecting key provisions of State law, the Act provides that required conditions and commitments made relating to interstate mergers that predate the Act's affective date will remain in force. After the Act becomes effective, State taxation, community reinvestment, antitrust, deposit concentration caps and minimum age provisions will be honored unless preempted. In this regard, Congress intended that the Act does not alter time-tested preemption rules. Moreover, the Act expressly states that neither current federal law, nor the Act's amendments provide authority to preempt State law dealing with homestead protection.
Branching and Community Guidelines Banks may establish and operate a "de novo branch" in any State that "opts-in" to de novo branching. Foreign banks are allowed to operate branches, either de novo or by merger. These branches can operate to the same extent that the establishment and operation of such branches would be permitted if the foreign bank were a national bank or State bank. Interstate banks proposing to close any branch in low-or moderate income areas are now required to provide notice to customers of the proposed closing.
Title I also requires each Federal banking agency to prescribe uniform regulations including guidelines ensuring that interstate branches operated by out-of-State banks are reasonably helping to meet the credit need of communities where they operate. These agencies are required to conduct evaluations of overall Community Reinvestment Act performance of institutions with interstate branches. New procedural requirements are also required of the Federal banking agencies pertaining to agency preemption opinion letters and interpretive rules in connection with community reinvestment, consumer protection, fair lending and establishment of intrastate branches.
Revival of Statute of Limitations Title II, among other things, permits in certain circumstances, the FDIC or Resolution Trust Corporation, acting as conservator or receiver of a failed depository institution to "revive" tort claims that had expired under a State statute of limitations within five years of the appointment of a receiver or conservator.
State
As a California state-chartered bank, the Bank is subject to the California banking laws and to regulation, supervision and periodic examination by the SBD.
The California banking laws, among other matters, regulate: (a) the process of issuance of a banking permit, including the application for, term of and surrender or revocation of the permit; (b) the conduct of the banking business, including banking days, banking offices, preservation and disposal of records, borrowing by the bank and pledges of assets; (c) accounts, including types of deposit accounts and claims made thereon; (d) reserves, including forms, computations, limitations and exemptions; (e) loans, including limitations on obligations to the bank by borrowers in general and by the bank's officers, directors and employees; (e) mergers, consolidations and conversions of banks, including changes in control of banks; and (f) liquidation and dissolution of banks.
Other
Various other legislation, including proposals to overhaul the bank regulatory system and to limit the investments that a depository institution may make with insured funds, is introduced into Congress from time to time. The Company cannot determine the ultimate effect that any potential legislation, if enacted, would have upon the financial condition or operations of the Company or the Bank.
RECENT REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES
Interest Rate Risk
As required by FDICIA, the federal banking agencies have solicited comments on a proposed method of incorporating an interest rate risk component into the current risk-based capital guidelines, with the goal of ensuring that institutions with high levels of interest rate risk have sufficient capital to cover their exposure. Interest rate risk is the risk that changes in market interest rates might adversely affect a bank's financial condition. Under the proposal, interest rate risk exposures would be quantified by weighing assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items by risk factors which approximate sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations. Institutions identified as having an interest rate risk exposure greater than a defined threshold would be required to allocate additional capital to support this higher risk. Higher individual capital allocations could be required by the bank regulators based on supervisory concerns.
As the federal banking agencies have solicited comments on this proposal but have not yet proposed regulations to implement any interest rate risk component into the risk-based capital guidelines, the ultimate impact on the Company and the Bank of final regulation in this area cannot be predicted at this time.
State Bank Sales of Nondeposit Investments
Securities activities of state non-member banks, as well as their subsidiaries and affiliates, are governed by FDIC regulations. The FDIC has taken the position that bank sales of alternative investment products, such as mutual funds and annuities, raise substantial bank safety and soundness concerns involving consumer confusion over the nature of the products offered, and the potential for mismanagement of sales programs for such investments which could expose a bank to liability under the anti-fraud provisions of federal securities laws.
Accordingly, the FDIC has issued guidelines to state non-member banks which recommend, among other things, establishing a compliance and audit program to monitor the bank's mutual funds sales activities and compliance with applicable federal securities laws, providing full disclosure to customers about the risks of such investments (including the possibility of loss of principal investment), conducting securities activities of bank subsidiaries or affiliates in separate and distinct locations, and prohibiting bank employees involved in deposit-taking activities from selling investment products or from giving investment advice.
Banks are also required to establish qualitative standards for the selection and marketing of the investments offered by the bank and maintain appropriate documentation regarding suitability of investments recommended to bank customers.
TAXATION
The effective tax rates (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992, were 0.4%, 1.7% and (1.7)%, respectively. For each of the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992, the federal statutory tax rate applicable to the Company was 34%. The tax benefits reported in 1992 are attributable to the Company's
ability to carryback net operating losses for 1992 against net operating income from prior periods. Because the Company has utilized all of its ability to carryback net operating losses, much of the 1994, 1993 and 1992 losses, and future losses, if any, must be carried forward to offset future net operating income. In addition, the actual benefit rate may be less than the current statutory rate due to tax differentials and the alternative minimum tax. As of December 31, 1994, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $39.0 million which expire in 2007 and onwards, and for California tax purposes of approximately $24.0 million, which expire in 1997, 1998, and 1999. The Company has rehabilitation tax credit carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $250,000, which expires in 2004 and 2005. In addition, the Company has minimum tax credits of approximately $230,000 which have no expiration. Utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards, and rehabilitation and minimum tax credit carryforwards may be limited on an annual basis under current tax law due to the change in ownership in 1992 and a possible change in ownership in future years.
ITEM 2
ITEM 2 - PROPERTIES
The following table sets forth certain information concerning the Bank's significant real property lease commitments:
The Bank has a long term lease on 550 Montgomery Street, an 89,000 square foot, historically significant office building on Clay and Montgomery Streets in San Francisco's Financial District. The building serves as the administrative and banking headquarters of the Company and the Bank. The Bank leases 75,488 square feet and the remainder is subleased to third parties. During 1994, the Bank began subleasing some of its space. Additional space will be made available for sublease in 1995.
The lease on 550 Montgomery Street is currently held by Bank of San Francisco Building Company (BSFBC), a California limited partnership in which the Bank and BSFRI have 34.5% and 2.5% partnership interests, respectively. At December 31, 1994, the Bank's and BSFRI's investment in BSFBC totaled $1.6 million and $120,000, respectively. The Bank's lease agreement may be renegotiated or the Bank may acquire additional shares of BSFBC. The impact of such activities is not presently determinable.
As a result of moving the Bank's headquarters to 550 Montgomery Street, the Bank subleased its facilities at 351 California Street to an unrelated third party who is presently in default with respect to $60,000 in past due rent. The lease and subleases expire on June 30, 1995.
The net rental expense and occupancy expenses for all leases of premises were approximately $2.1 million for each of the two years ended December 31, 1994 and 1993.
ITEM 3
ITEM 3 - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
LITIGATION
Because of the nature of its business, the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Bank, are from time-to-time, a party to legal actions. At December 31, 1994, the Company and/or the Bank are defendants in certain lawsuits for which the damages sought are substantial as described below.
Presently, the Bank is involved in several lawsuits. In the first lawsuit, BSFRI is named as a defendant and has been served with a cross-complaint for indemnity in a deficiency judgement with respect to a first deed of trust on a property owned by a limited partnership. The plaintiff under the cross compliant is seeking damages in the amount of $5.0 million, and unspecified punitive damages. BSFRI was once a limited partner in the partnership
but became a secured lender of the partnership under a second deed of trust, at which time BSFRI was given a release from any liability. The Bank believes it has meritorious defenses to the cross-claim and will contest any allocation of liability to it if defendants are found liable for any deficiency.
In the second lawsuit, the Bank has been named a defendant in an action brought in Florida by the institutional purchaser of a block of loans from the Bank, alleging failure of the Bank to properly perform a credit check for one of the loans. The plaintiff is seeking approximately $155,000 it allegedly lost when the loan defaulted. The Bank is defending the matter vigorously and believes it has meritorious defenses. In addition, the Bank has been threatened with arbitration proceedings by another institutional purchaser in connection with a $750,000 principal amount loan purchased from the Bank on the sale of its former Sacramento branch. The institutional purchaser contends that the Bank breached the sale agreement by failing to notify the purchaser of the downgrading of the loan and the release of certain collateral. The Bank denies that it has breached the sale agreement.
The Bank is currently involved in two lawsuits which were brought by former employees of the Bank; one former employee has alleged discrimination and wrongful termination. The other former employee alleges wrongful termination. The former employees have sought unspecified damages.
The Bank has denied these allegations and is vigorously defending these proceedings. The disposition of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or results of operation, however, management cannot predict the specific outcome of these actions. Accordingly, the accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of the uncertainties.
The Bank has reached settlement or potential settlement in numerous other litigation or potential litigation matters. In some instances the Bank has agreed to make certain payments. As a result of the settlement or potential settlement of certain lawsuits, the Company established a litigation reserve of $536,500 as of December 31, 1994.
The Company and the Bank intend to pursue their rights under an indemnification agreement with Mr. Donald R. Stephens, a former Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company who resigned in 1993, pursuant to which Mr. Stephens is required to provide indemnification in respect of certain expenses related to actions brought by a former employee.
The jury ruled in favor of the Bank on another lawsuit where the plaintiffs were seeking compensatory damages in an amount of $6.0 million, and unspecified punitive damages. The plaintiffs were claiming breach of an alleged joint venture agreement, and of other duties owed to the plaintiffs, arising from the Bank's foreclosure on a series of loans made to the plaintiffs by the Bank in connection with the development of an 800 acre parcel of land.
ITEM 4
ITEM 4 - SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.
PART II
ITEM 5
ITEM 5 - MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MARKET
MARKET INFORMATION
The Company's Class A Common Stock is listed on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol "SFH." The closing sale price for the Class A Shares on the American Stock Exchange on April 12, 1995 was $4.50. The following table sets forth the high and low closing sale prices for the Class A Shares on the American Stock Exchange for each calendar quarter during 1993 and 1994.
The Series B Preferred Shares had been listed on the American Stock Exchange since their issuance in October 1988. In March 1990, the Company received approval from the Securities and Exchange Commission to delist the Series B Preferred Shares, pursuant to Rule 12d2-2(d), under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Series A and Series C Preferred Shares have never been listed on any exchange or traded in any other public market, and none were outstanding at December 31, 1994.
The closing sales prices for the Class A Common Shares have been adjusted to reflect the effect of the 1 for 20 reverse stock split that occurred on May 23, 1994.
HOLDERS
As of December 31, 1994, the number of holders of record of the Company's Class A Shares and Series B Preferred Shares was 423 and 14, respectively, which management believes is in each case substantially less than the number of beneficial owners whose shares are held in nominee names.
DIVIDENDS
The Company is subject to dividend restrictions under the Delaware General Corporation Law and regulations and policies of the FRB. The Company's Series B Preferred Shares participate equally, share for share, in cash dividends paid on the Class A Shares in addition to receiving the cash dividends to which they are entitled. The Board of Directors suspended the dividend on the Class A Shares and the Series B Preferred Shares.
The payment of cash dividends by the Bank to the Company is subject to certain regulatory restrictions set forth in the California Financial Code. The Bank and the Company have amended the Certificate of Determinations of Rights, Preferences, Privileges and Restrictions of the 8% Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued by the Bank to the Company to provide that dividends on the Bank's 8% Series B Convertible Preferred Stock shall be cumulative from year to year. The Bank's Board of Directors has decided to suspend future payment of dividends on the Preferred Stock to the Company, and the FRB Directive prohibits the Company from paying any dividends without the prior approval of the FRB. See "-- Regulatory Directives and Orders" for a discussion of these restrictions.
ITEM 6
ITEM 6 - SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth certain selected consolidated financial data of the Company at and for the years ended December 31:
ITEM 7
ITEM 7 - MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
The Company recorded a net loss of $33.0 million for the year ended December 31, 1994, following net losses of $10.3 million and $22.2 million for the years 1993 and 1992, respectively. These net losses were principally due to the high level of the provision for loan and real estate owned losses, and declines in net interest income during each of 1994, 1993 and 1992. In addition, the Company's non-interest expense reached extremely high levels at 263.9%, 96.1% and 105.0% of total revenues for the years 1994, 1993 and 1992, respectively.
The Company's provision for loan losses and the increase in the loan loss allowance as a percentage of outstanding loans reflects management's concern over the decline in the credit quality of the Bank's loan portfolio, regulatory examinations, and the high level of net loan charge-offs during the period 1992 through 1994. Although the Company's provision for loan losses increased to $3.8 million in 1994, from $3.6 million in 1993 and declined from $9.8 million in 1992, the allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans grew from 3.6% in 1992 to 6.2% in 1994. The Company's net loan charge-offs, primarily associated with unsecured commercial loans, loans secured by real estate, and loans to facilitate the development of real estate, amounted to $5.3 million in 1994 as compared to $3.9 million in 1993, and $9.8 million in 1992.
The Company's net interest income was reduced to $7.8 million in 1994 from $10.7 million in 1993, a 27.5% decline, following a 14.7% decline in net interest income in 1993 from $12.6 million in 1992. These declines in net interest income were principally due to a reduction in average earning assets from $286.0 million in 1992 to $234.8 million in 1993, a 17.9% decline, and a further reduction to $152.9 million in 1994, a decline of 34.9%.
The Company's non-interest expenses were largely driven by expenses associated with managing its high level of non-earning assets (average non-earning assets were 22.3% of total average assets in 1994, 19.6% in 1993 and 20.1% in 1992) in addition to litigation settlements and reserve, legal, accounting and consulting expenses related to the Company's loan collection and recapitalization efforts. These costs comprised 40.9% of the Company's non-interest expense in 1992, declining to 29.6% in 1993 and comprised 66.1% of non-interest expense during 1994. In 1994, the Bank provided an additional provision for the decline in the fair value of other real estate owned properties to reflect the fair value less selling expenses.
At December 31, 1994, total assets and deposits of $156.8 million and $147.1 million, respectively, had declined 32.1% and 30.0%, respectively, from amounts reported at December 31, 1993. Loans, net of deferred loan fees, were $106.1 million, a decrease of 28.9% from the amount reported at December 31, 1993. At December 31, 1993, total assets, deposits and net loans were $231.0 million, $210.1 million and $149.2 million, respectively, a decline of 27.6%, 26.5% and 36.6%, respectively, from amounts reported at the close of 1992. The declines in assets and loans during 1992, 1993 and 1994 reflect the condition of the Bank and the general economic conditions in Northern California and more particularly the depressed value of real estate collateral in the San Francisco Bay Area from which the repayment of a substantial portion of the Company's loans are based. The declines followed substantial operating losses of the Company, beginning in 1991 and continuing through 1994. These operating losses were the major cause of the Company's failure to meet its capital adequacy requirements causing it to reduce its assets in order to meet regulatory capital adequacy requirements and the resulting Written Agreement, MOU and Orders which generally require the Bank to reduce its classified assets, concentration of real estate related credits, volatile liability dependence, and maintain its liquidity and increase its capital. See "-- Regulatory Written Agreement and Orders" for a full description of the Written Agreement and the Orders.
In response to the significant problems experienced by the Company during the period from 1991 through 1994 the Company restructured its management team and has analyzed several different business strategies. The 1995 Business and Profit Plan contemplates three specific measures; 1) the raising of an additional $15.0 million in capital, 2) the sale of the remaining non-performing assets through several means, and 3) returning the Company to profitability through focusing on the Private Banking concept. The previous business plan contemplated several measures, including without limitation, raising additional capital, eliminating problem assets, commencing new lines of business, hiring additional personnel for such new lines of business, and establishing a new relationship with
Strategic Alliance Partners. Because of the delay in raising enough capital to significantly reduce problem assets the Company has not been able to execute its expansion plans involving new lines of business. If the Company is successful in raising sufficient capital and disposing of a substantial portion of its problem assets, of which no assurance can be given, implementation of the international components of the business plan may become feasible in future years. To the extent that the Company can return to profitability in the future, recent financial trends experienced by the Company may not be indicative of future trends; however, due to the numerous factors affecting the successful implementation of the 1995 Business and Profit Plan, many of which are beyond the control of the Company, no prediction can be made with respect to the nature or extent of future financial trends.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1993 AND 1992
NET INTEREST INCOME
Yields Earned and Rates Paid
One of the fundamental measures of the Bank's results of operations is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between the combined yield earned on interest earning assets and the combined rate paid on interest bearing liabilities. Net interest income is also dependent on whether the balance of interest earning assets equals, exceeds or is less than the balance of interest bearing liabilities. If an excess in the balance of interest bearing liabilities over interest earning assets exists, then the positive interest rate spread between yields earned and rates paid may need to be increased in order to achieve a positive net interest position.
The following table presents the consolidated average balance sheets of the Company, together with the total dollar amounts of interest income and expense, and weighted average interest rates for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 1994. Where possible, the average balances are calculated on a daily average basis. When this information is not available, average balances are calculated on a monthly basis.
- - ----------------- (1) Non-performing loans have been included in the average loan balances. Interest income is included on non-accrual loans only to the extent to which cash payments have been received and full principal repayment is probable.
The dollar amount of interest income and interest expense fluctuates depending on changes in the respective interest rates and on changes in the respective amounts (volume) of the Bank's earning assets and interest bearing liabilities. For each category of interest earning asset and interest bearing liability, information is provided in the following table for changes attributable to (i) changes due to volume (change in average balance multiplied by prior year's rate), and (ii) changes in rate (changes in rates multiplied by prior year's average balances). Changes attributable to the combined impact of volumes and rates have been allocated pro-rata to each category.
The Company's interest income decreased during the three year period ended December 31, 1994 due mainly to a 38.7% decrease in average loans. The decrease in the loan portfolio primarily resulted from a decision to reduce the size of the Company's assets to comply with regulatory capital requirements, and loan repayments. The weighted average yield on loans increased in 1994 after declines since 1991 primarily due to the Bank's prime rate increase from 6.0% at December 31, 1993 to 8.5% at December 31, 1994. During the two year period prior to 1994 the Bank's prime rate declined from an average of 6.3% 1992 and to 6.0% in 1993.
Interest income and dividends on investment securities was $1.4 million in 1994 compared to $1.5 million in 1993. Although average portfolio balances were $31.9 million in 1994 compared to $37.4 million in 1993, average portfolio yields were 4.4% in 1994 compared to 4.0% in 1993. Interest income on investment securities was $1.5 million in 1993 compared to $2.2 million in 1992. Average portfolio balances were $37.4 million in 1993 compared to $37.1 million in 1992, and average portfolio yields were 4.0% in 1993 compared to 5.9% in 1992. The higher average yields in 1994 reflect the overall increase in market interest rates and higher average yield realized from reinvestment.
Interest expense for 1994 was $4.9 million, a decrease of $2.6 million, or 34.5% during 1994, as compared to 1993. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in average interest bearing liabilities of $81.4 million to $145.5 million, or 35.9%, as compared to 1993, partially offset by a slight increase in average interest rates. The average cost of deposits and borrowings for 1994 was 3.3% as compared to 3.3% for 1993. Interest expense for 1993 was $7.4 million, a decrease of $3.9 million, or 34.3% during 1993, as compared to 1992. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in average interest bearing liabilities of $69.3 million to $226.9 million, or 23.4%, as compared to 1992, and to a decline in average interest rates. The average cost of deposits and borrowings for 1993 was 3.3% as compared to 3.8% for 1992.
Interest expense for 1992 was $11.3 million, a decrease of $7.9 million, or 41.3% during 1992, as compared to 1991. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in average interest bearing liabilities of approximately $49.7 million, or a 14.5% decrease, from 1991, and to a decline in short term interest rates. The average cost of deposits and borrowings for 1992 was 3.8% as compared to 5.6% for 1991.
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES
During 1994, 1993, and 1992, the Bank provided $3.8 million, $3.6 million and $9.8 million, respectively, to its allowance for loan losses. Net charge offs recorded for 1994, 1993 and 1992 were $5.3 million, $3.9 million, and $9.8 million, respectively. The increase in the loan loss provision in 1994 as a percentage of average loans to 3.1% from 1.8% in 1993 was required as a result of the increase in charge offs in 1994 compared to 1993 and reflects management's assessment that higher loan loss allocation on loans with specific weaknesses was required. The substantial loan loss provision made in 1992 reflects management's assessment of the decline in the credit quality in the Bank's loan portfolio and the impact of declining economic conditions in California and particularly the real estate values which served as collateral for many of the Bank's loans. The Company's loan loss provisions were largely loan loss reserves allocated to specific classified and non-performing loans. See "-- Allowance for Loan Losses" herein.
Summary of Loan Loss Experience
Net loan charge-offs for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992 were $5.3 million, $3.9 million, and $9.8 million, respectively. As a percentage of average total loans, net loan charge-offs were 4.4%, 2.0% and 3.9% for 1994, 1993, and 1992, respectively.
In 1994, loan losses from the deterioration in borrowers' financial condition and the value of collateral securing loans occurred as a result of the recession in California. A summary of significant charge-off activity during 1994 is as follows:
- - - Unsecured loans charged off totaled $306,000 comprised of two loans.
- - - The charge-offs related to commercial and financial loans totaled $3.0 million and were comprised of 14 loans. The single largest charge-off was $529,000. This loan is secured by a limited partnership interest. The loan was classified as non-accrual in the first quarter 1994 and a partial charge-off was recorded in the third quarter of 1994 and the remaining balance was charged off in the fourth quarter of 1994.
- - - The charge-offs related to real estate construction loans totaled $630,300 and were comprised of two loans. The loans were secured by a first deed of trust on land under development located in Northern California. The largest charge-off on these loans related to a restructuring which provided for a discount for a partial payoff.
- - - The charge-offs related to real estate mortgage loans totaled $2.6 million and were comprised of 13 loans. The single largest charge-off was $1.0 million. This loan was secured by a first deed of trust on land zoned for single family development property and the purpose of the loan was for the purchase of real estate. The loan was a loan to facilitate the sale of real estate foreclosure which was placed on non-accrual during the third quarter of 1994 and the charge-off recorded during the fourth quarter reflected a deterioration in the collateral value based on updated appraisal information.
In 1993, loan losses from the deterioration in borrowers' financial condition and the value of collateral securing loans occurred as a result of the recession in California. A summary of significant charge-off activity during 1993 is as follows:
- - - Unsecured loans charged off totaled $290,200 and was comprised of five loans. The single largest charge-off was $174,400.
- - - The charge-offs related to commercial and financial loans totaled $2.1 million and were comprised of 19 loans. The single largest charge-off was $600,000. The purpose of this loan was for working capital and to acquire partnership interest in two limited partnerships. This loan is secured by UCC filings and securities agreements on various partnerships and trusts. The loan was classified as non-accrual in the second quarter 1993 and a partial charge-off was recorded in the third quarter of 1993.
- - - The charge-offs related to real estate construction loans totaled $137,300 and were comprised of two related loans. The related loans were secured by a first deed of trust on land under development located in Northern California. This property was classified as non-accrual during the third quarter of 1992 and transferred to in-
substance foreclosure during the fourth quarter of 1993 when an updated appraisal indicated that the borrower's equity in the property had deteriorated.
- - - The charge-offs related to real estate mortgage loans totaled $1.1 million and were comprised of six loans. The single largest charge-off was $761,800. This loan was secured by a fourth deed of trust on commercial property and the purpose of the loan was for real estate investment. The loan was classified as non-accrual during the second quarter of 1993 and the charge-off recorded during the fourth quarter reflected a deterioration in the collateral value and a weakness in the guarantors' financial condition.
. The charge-offs related to the sale of the Sacramento Regional Office totaled $402,000. This charge-off was incurred as a result of selling $28.0 million in loans at the Bank's carrying value, less an allocated allowance.
NON-INTEREST INCOME
Non-interest income decreased $2.3 million or 53.3% in 1994 as compared to 1993, primarily as a result of a decrease in brokerage fee income related to the exercise of stock options of $1.3 million, a decrease in income from limited partnership of $527,000 as a result of the decline in the limited partnerships earnings resulting primarily from deferred maintenance costs, and a decline in service charge and fee revenue and all other income of $514,000 related to trust management fees, referral fees on CD Placement, and deposit products and services because of lower transaction volumes and lower average deposit balance outstanding, lower levels of assets under management through trust services, and an increase in the loss on sale of securities.
Non-interest income increased $129,000 or 3.0% in 1993 as compared to 1992, primarily as a result of an increase in brokerage fee income related to the exercise of stock options of $586,000 and a decrease in service charges and fee revenue and all other income of $781,000 related to trust management fees, escrow fees, referral fee on CD Placement, and deposit products and services because of lower transaction volumes and lower average deposit balance outstanding, and lower levels of assets under management through trust services.
The following table provides a detail of non-interest income for the years ended December 31:
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
For the year ended December 31, 1994, non-interest expense increased $17.3 million, or 79.3%, from the year ended December 31, 1993. The increase was attributed primarily to higher a level of costs related to real estate asset, a higher level of litigation settlement and provision charges, and a higher professional costs for legal and consulting costs related to the Company's litigation matters, and the requirement for special services related to addressing the Company's financial condition.
For the year ended December 31, 1993, non-interest expenses decreased $8.0 million, or 26.5%, from the year ended December 31, 1992. The reduction was attributed primarily to lower compensation related expenses, a lower level of costs related to asset and credit quality, and lower level of legal and consulting costs related to the Company's loan collection and recapitalization efforts.
The following table provides a detail of non-interest expense for the years ended December 31:
The decrease in compensation related expenses of $1.0 million in 1994 to $7.3 million, or 12.0% from the 1993 level, resulted from lower staffing levels, partially offset by higher incentive compensation paid and severance related costs. The decrease in compensation related expenses of $1.5 million in 1993 to $8.3 million, or 15.6% from the 1992 level, resulted from lower staffing levels, and lower levels of other benefits for executive officers, partially offset by an increase in incentive compensation primarily related to work performed related to reductions in problem assets. The compensation expense included performance-based incentives of $755,000, $526,000, and $920,000 for 1994, 1993 and 1992, respectively.
The Company's expenses for professional services were $3.1 million in 1994 compared to $2.3 million and $3.4 million in 1993 and 1992, respectively. The Company includes in professional fees the costs of legal, accounting, and management consulting services. Professional service expenses increased in 1994 as a result of the continuing activities related to recapitalization, consulting services related to the new lines of business, and the increase in professional services required to manage the resolution of classified and non-performing assets during that year. In 1994, the Company incurred additional professions service costs related to the analysis and preliminary activities required to establish various international business strategies. Professional service costs decreased in 1993 by $1.1 million compared to 1992 as a result of lower costs related to the Company's loan collection and recapitalization efforts. Professional service expenses were high in 1992 as a result of the substantial activities undertaken by the Company to complete its 1992 recapitalization, and the increase in professional services required to manage the resolution of classified and non-performing assets during that year.
The increase of $15.0 million in net cost of real estate operations related to asset and credit quality from $4.1 million in 1993 to $19.1 million in 1994 reflects continued deterioration in the value of the real estate collateral. The decrease of $4.6 million in net cost of real estate operations related to asset and credit quality from $8.7 million in 1992 to $4.1 million in 1993 reflects lower levels of classified assets and lower levels of loans migrating to classified or non-performing status because of the stabilization of borrowers' financial conditions and the quality of the underlying collateral on loans.
The decline of $463,000 in 1994 other operating costs to $1.4 million from $1.9 million in 1993 and the $620,000 decrease in 1993 other operating expenses from $2.5 million in 1992 resulted primarily from cost reduction initiatives in miscellaneous expenses and customer related service expenses.
In 1994, the Bank recorded loss provisions totaling $16.5 million for 18 other real estate owned assets compared to $3.3 million in 1993 on 15 properties, an increase of 400.0%. In addition to the provisions, the Bank recognized $73,300 in losses on the sale of two real estate properties acquired in settlement of loans in 1994 compared to $712,000 on 11 properties in 1993. The Bank recognized recoveries and gains on sale of other real estate owned totaling $253,000 million on three properties in 1994 compared to $1.7 million in 1993 on four properties.
In 1993, the Bank recorded loss provisions totaling $3.3 million for 15 other real estate owned assets compared to $5.5 million in 1992 on 17 properties, an improvement of 40.0%. In addition to the provisions, the Bank recognized $712,000 in losses on the sale of 11 real estate properties acquired in settlement of loans in 1993 compared to $467,000 on five properties in 1992. The Bank recognized recoveries and gains on sale of other real estate owned totaling $1.7 million on four properties in 1993 compared to $1.0 million in 1992 on five properties.
The Bank recorded a loss provision of $513,500 for three real estate investment property compared to $250,000 in 1993 on one property, an increase of 88.0%. The Bank did not recognized a loss on the sale of real estate investment in 1994 compared to a loss of $54,000 on one real estate investment in 1993. The Bank recognized gains on sale of real estate investments totaling $10,000 in 1994 on one property. No gains were recognized in 1993.
The Bank recorded a loss provision of $250,000 for one real estate investment property compared to $662,000 in 1992 on three properties, an improvement of 62.2%. In addition to the provisions, the Bank recognized a loss of $54,000 on the sale of one real estate investment in 1992 compared to none in 1993. The Bank recognized gains on sale of real estate investments totaling $749,000 in 1992 on two properties. No gains were recognized in 1993.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
TOTAL ASSETS
With the recurring operating losses during 1994, 1993 and 1992 and the failure of the Company and the Bank to consistently meet its regulatory capital requirements, management of the Company implemented a strategy of reducing the Company's total assets in order to more easily meet its regulatory capital ratios and an aggressive loan work-out program to reduce the level of the real estate related and other problem loans. As a result, the Company's assets decreased 32.1% in 1994 from $231.0 million at December 31, 1993 to $156.8 million at December 31, 1994.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Bank maintains cash and cash equivalents, such as federal funds sold, at levels management believes are sufficient to meet the liquidity needs of its deposit customers. At December 31, 1994 the Company's cash and cash equivalents were $28.6 million or 19.5% of total deposits and 94.7% of non-interest bearing deposits. At December 31, 1993 the Company's cash and cash equivalents were $25.8 million or 12.3% of total deposits and 74.1% of non-interest bearing deposits. See also "Liquidity" herein for a further discussion of the Bank's other sources of liquid assets.
INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
The Bank maintains a securities portfolio consisting of United States Government and Federal agency securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, investments in certificates of deposits at other financial institutions, and mutual funds. The balance of the investment securities maintained by the Bank in excess of the requirement of applicable regulations and the Orders reflect management's objective of ensuring compliance with liquidity requirements. Most securities are held in safekeeping by an independent custodian.
In May 1993, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt & Equity Securities." The Statement addresses the accounting and reporting for investments in equity securities that have a readily determinable fair value and for all investments in debt securities. The Statement requires that all securities be classified, at acquisition, into one of three categories: held-to-maturity securities, trading securities, and available-for-sale securities. Held-to-maturity securities are those securities the Bank has the intent and ability to hold to maturity and are carried at amortized cost. Trading securities are those securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling in the near term and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in current earnings. Available-for-sale securities are those securities that do not fall into the other two categories and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity. This Statement is effective for
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1993, however, earlier implementation is permitted. The Bank elected to implement SFAS No. 115 effective as of December 31, 1993.
The Bank determines the classification of all securities at the time of acquisition. In classifying securities as being heldto-maturity, trading, or available-for-sale, the Bank considers its collateral needs, asset/liability management strategies, liquidity needs, interest rate sensitivity and other factors in determining its intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity.
Investment securities held-to-maturity include United States Treasury and Federal agency securities, investments in certificates of deposit, and an equity investment in Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco (FHLB) membership stock. The objectives of these investments are to increase portfolio yield, and to provide collateral to pledge for federal, state and local government deposits and other borrowing facilities. The investments held-to-maturity have an average term to maturity of four months and 20 months at December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. The investments held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the investment securities held-to-maturity portfolio includes $7.9 million and $3.1 million in fixed rate investments, and $1.3 and $3.3 million in adjustable-rate investments, respectively. During 1994, the Bank reclassified certain collateralized mortgage obligations to the available-for-sale category as a result of a change in the strategy regarding the investment in these types of securities.
Investment securities available-for-sale may include United States Treasury and Federal agency securities, mutual funds, and collateralized mortgage obligations. These securities are typically used to supplement the Bank's liquidity portfolio with the objective of increasing yield. Investment securities available-for-sale are accounted for at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as an adjustment to equity and are not reflected in the current earnings of the Bank. If the security is sold any gain or loss is recorded as a charge to earnings and the equity adjustment is reversed. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank held $2.2 million and $14.9 million classified as investments available-for-sale, respectively. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, $4,000 and $60,000 was charged against equity to reflect the market value adjustment to the securities available-for-sale, respectively.
The table below sets forth certain information regarding the carrying values and market values and the weighted average yields of the Bank's investment securities portfolio by maturity at December 31, 1994:
No investment securities had a maturity of more than five years at December 31, 1994. The FHLB stock have no term to maturity.
In October 1994, Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) no. 119, Disclosure About Derivative Financial Instruments and Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The provisions of SFAS No. 119 are effective for the Company and the Bank as of December 31, 1995. SFAS No. 119 required disclosure about derivative financial instruments -- futures, forwards, swap and option contracts, and other financial instruments with similar characteristics. As of December 31, 1994, the Company and the Bank had no derivative financial instruments that would be subject to such disclosure.
LOANS
During 1994, the Company reduced its total loans by $43.3 million from $149.7 million at December 31, 1993. The reduction in total loans resulted primarily from a strategic decision to reduce concentrations in real estate and/or real estate related loans and to reduce the total loan portfolio to improve the liquidity position of the Bank through loan repayments. In addition, loans were reduced by charge-offs of $6.6 million.
In addition, the increase in classified loans from $22.9 million at December 31, 1993 to $25.0 million at December 31, 1994 was the result of redefining the criteria for all classified assets based on comments from the FDIC examiners. During 1994, there were $14.7 million in newly classified loans, of which $12.2 million were reclassified in the first quarter of 1994 based on FDIC examiners comments, whereas in 1993, there were $4.4 million in newly classified loans. For a description of the composition of the loan portfolio and a description based upon various contractually scheduled repayments, see "BUSINESS -- The Company and the Bank -Lending Activities -- Composition of Loan Portfolio."
CLASSIFIED ASSETS
Federal regulations require banks to review their assets on a regular basis and to classify them if any weaknesses are noted. Banks must maintain adequate allowances for assets classified as "Substandard" or "Doubtful" and to immediately write off those assets classified as "Loss". The Bank has a comprehensive process for classifying assets and asset reviews are performed on a periodic basis. In addition to identifying adversely classified assets, the Bank identifies certain assets as "Special Mention", which do not currently expose the Bank to a sufficient degree of risk to warrant a more adverse classification but do possess credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving management's close attention. Assets that do not possess credit deficiencies are not classified and are labeled "Pass". The Bank stratifies its loan portfolio based on collateral type concentrations and delinquency trends. The objective of the review process is to identify any trends and determine the levels of loss exposure to the Bank that would require an adjustment to the valuation allowance.
Classified assets include non-accrual loans, other real estate owned, real estate investments and performing loans that exhibit credit quality weaknesses. Certain loans identified as in-substance foreclosed are included in other real estate owned. The table below outlines the Bank's classified assets as of December 31, 1994 and 1993:
The Bank is required by the Orders to reduce its classified assets, as defined by the Orders, to no more than $60.0 million by December 31, 1993, no more than $50.0 million by March 31, 1994 and no more than $40.0 million by September 30, 1994. At December 31, 1994, the Bank had $20.8 million in such assets. However, no assurance can be given that the regulatory authorities will not establish additional requirements on the Bank to reduce its classified assets.
Further declination in the regional real estate market could increase the amount of the Bank's non-performing assets and, in addition, could have an adverse effect on the Bank's efforts to collect its non-performing loans or otherwise liquidate its non-performing assets on terms favorable to the Bank. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Bank will not experience additional increases in the amount of its non-performing assets or experience significant additional losses in attempting to collect the non-performing loans or otherwise liquidate the non-performing assets which are presently reflected on the Bank's statement of financial condition. Moreover, the Bank has been incurring substantial asset-carrying expenses, such as the expenses of maintaining and operating properties included among the Bank's other real estate owned classification, and the Bank may continue to incur assetcarrying expenses in connection with such loans and assets until its non-performing loans and assets are collected or liquidated.
NON-PERFORMING ASSETS
When a borrower fails to make a required payment on a loan, the loan is classified as delinquent. If the delinquency is not cured, workout procedures are generally commenced and the loan is transferred to the Bank's Special Assets Department. If workout proceedings are not successful, collection procedures, which may include collection demands, negotiated restructures, foreclosures, suits for collection and borrower bankruptcy, are initiated. In general, loans are placed on non-accrual status after being contractually delinquent for more than 90 days, or earlier if management believes full collection of future principal and interest on a timely basis is unlikely. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all interest accrued but not received is charged against interest income. During the period in which a loan is on non-accrual status, any payment received may be used to reduce the outstanding loan balance. A non-accrual loan is restored to an accrual basis when principal and interest payments are paid current and full payment of principal and interest is expected. Loans that are well secured and in the process of collection remain on accrual status.
The Bank may restructure loans as a result of a borrower's inability to service the obligation under the original terms of the loan agreement. Restructures are executed only when the Bank expects to realize more from a restructured loan rather than allowing it to go into foreclosure or other form of collection.
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, other real estate owned, including in-substance foreclosed loans, were $10.0 million and $32.4 million, respectively. In-substance foreclosed loans are those in which the borrower has little or no equity in the collateral based on its fair value, the borrower has effectively abandoned control of the collateral so that many of the risks and rewards of ownership have been passed to the lender, and repayment of the loan can only be expected from the operation or sale of the collateral. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, in-substance foreclosed loans were $4.6 million and $19.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 1994 and 1993, all other real estate owned and real estate investments were classified.
Non-performing assets include non-accrual loans, in-substance foreclosed assets and real estate foreclosures. Non-performing assets were $19.4 million at the end of 1994, down 55.4% from $43.5 million in 1993. Loans past due 90 days or more and accruing are included in the schedule of non-performing assets.
The following table provides information on all non-performing assets at December 31:
In addition to the loans disclosed in the foregoing table, the Bank had approximately $3.3 million in loans on December 31, 1994 that were between 31 and 89 days delinquent. In the opinion of management, these loans have a greater than ordinary risk that the borrowers may not be able to perform under the terms of their contractual arrangements. Approximately $2.7 million of these loans are secured by first or subordinate deeds of trust on real estate.
At December 31, 1994, the Bank had two loans totaling $22,000 that were less than 90 days delinquent and on non-accrual status. The performance history of these loans demonstrated that the borrower may not be able to perform under the terms of the contractual arrangements. As of December 31, 1994, the Bank had three loans totaling $940,000 that were more than 90 days delinquent with accrued interest income that was included in income. These loans were in the process of renewal, and were renewed and interest and principal were paid current during the first quarter of 1995.
The following table provides a stratification of non-performing assets, which includes non-accrual loans and other real estate owned, by collateral type as of December 31, 1994 and 1993.
At December 31, 1994, substantially all of the non-performing assets are real estate or loans secured by real estate located in Northern California. Raw land consists of land acquired for the purpose of future residential or commercial development. The Bank had no non-performing assets secured by subordinate deeds of trust as of December 31, 1994.
Restructured loans totaled $6.3 million and $2.0 at December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 1994 and 1993, interest income foregone on restructured loans was $18,000 and $166,000, respectively.
VALUATION ALLOWANCES
The Bank charges current earnings with provisions for estimated losses on loans receivable, other real estate owned, and real estate investments. The provisions take into consideration specifically identified problem loans, the financial condition of the borrowers, the fair value of the collateral, recourse to guarantors, and other factors.
In 1993, the FASB issued SFAS No. 114 "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan". This Statement required that impaired loans be measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the effective rate of the loan's observable market price or the fair market value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. This Statement applies to financial statements for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 1994. In October 1994, the FASB issued SFAS No. 118 "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan-Income Recognition and Disclosures". SFAS No. 118 amends SFAS No. 114 to allow a creditor to use existing methods for recognizing interest income on an impaired loan. SFAS No. 118 is effective concurrent with the effective date of SFAS No. 114. The Company elected not to implement SFAS No. 114 and 118 for the period ended December 31, 1994. It has been determined that the effect of SFAS No. 114 and 118 on the Company's financial statements would not have been material had the Company implemented SFAS No. 114 and 118 as of December 31, 1994.
Allowance for Loan Losses
Prior to 1991, the Bank's method of analyzing the adequacy of its allowance for loan losses generally relied on the application of historic loan loss ratios and specific allocations of loss allowances based on specific credit reviews. In 1991, the Bank revised its methodology because of deterioration in the credit quality of the loan portfolio, resulting from weakness in the economy and the oversupply of properties similar to the properties collateralizing many of the Bank's loans. The Bank has continued to refine the allowance methodology to ensure that all known risks, trends, and facts are utilized in determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.
Fair value of the underlying collateral is based on current market conditions, appraisals, and estimated sales values of similar properties, less an estimated discount for selling and other expenses. In addition, the Bank establishes a specific loss allowance based on the asset classification and credit quality grade. This specific loss allowance is utilized to ensure that allowances are allocated based on the credit quality grading to capture inherent risks. In addition, the Bank carries an "unallocated" loan loss allowance to provide for losses that may occur in the future in loans that are not presently classified, based on present economic conditions, trends, and related uncertainties.
The following table summarizes the loan loss experience of the Bank for the years ended December 31:
The following table provides an allocation of the allowance for loan losses by collateral type at December 31:
(1) Percent refers to the percent of loans in each category to total loans.
Allowance for Losses on Other Real Estate Owned
Real estate acquired through foreclosure and in-substance foreclosed loans are recorded at fair value at the time of transfer to OREO. In 1992, the Bank adopted a policy in which the Bank periodically obtains either an appraisal or market valuation analysis on all other real estate owned. If the valuation analysis indicates a decline in the market value of the property, a specific loss allowance is established. The Bank provides a charge against current earnings for estimated losses on foreclosed property when the carrying value of the property exceeds its fair value net of estimated selling expenses. Fair value is based on current market conditions, appraisals, and estimated sales values of similar properties, net of an estimated discount for selling and other expenses.
The following table summarizes the other real estate owned loss experience of the Bank for the periods shown:
The Bank recorded gains on sale of other real estate owned totaling $253,000 in 1994 and $1.7 million in 1993. The gains in 1993 were related to four properties. The Bank recorded losses on sale of other real estate owned totaling $73,000 in 1994 and $712,000 in 1993. The losses in 1994 were related to two properties and in 1993 were related to 11 properties. The OREO properties are shown net of allowance for losses.
During 1993, the Bank transferred a loan with a carrying value of $1.6 million collateralized by commercial real estate to in-substance foreclosure. The collateral securing this loan requires seismic upgrading and may be located on property containing hazardous materials. During 1994, the asset was charged off.
Allowance for Losses on Real Estate Investments
Real estate investments are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value. Periodically, the Bank obtains either an appraisal or market valuation analysis on all real estate investments. If the valuation analysis indicates a decline in the market value of the property subsequent to the date of acquisition, a specific loss allowance is established. The Bank provides a charge against current earnings for estimated losses on real estate investments when the carrying value of the property exceeds its fair value less estimated selling expenses. Fair value is based on current market conditions, appraisals, and estimated sales values of similar properties, less an estimated discount for selling and other expenses.
The following table summarizes the real estate investments loss experience of the Bank for the years ended December 31:
DEPOSITS
The Bank had total deposits of $147.1 million and $210.1 million at December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. As of December 31, 1994, deposits consisted of demand deposits totaling $30.3 million, money market accounts totaling $25.3 million, savings and NOW accounts totaling $43.4 million and time deposits totaling
$48.2 million. As of December 31, 1994, the Bank had a total of 4,554 deposit accounts consisting of 1,132 demand deposit accounts with an average balance of approximately $27,000 each, 864 money market accounts with an average balance of approximately $29,000 each, approximately 1,829 savings and NOW accounts with an average balance of approximately $24,000 each and 729 time accounts with an average balance of approximately $66,000. The Bank's deposits and, correspondingly, its liquidity, are largely dependent upon four sources of funds: deposits acquired through its Association Bank Services function, brokered placement of certificates of deposit, and deposits solicited through the Bank's money desk. These sources of deposits comprised 46.8% of the Bank's total deposits at December 31, 1994.
Certificates of deposit having a balance of at least $100,000 (including brokered placements of certificates of deposit) represented approximately 7.0% of the Bank's total deposits as of December 31, 1994 compared to 24.8% as of December 31, 1993. As of December 31, 1994, 68.7% of the Bank's certificates of deposit of at least $100,000 mature in 90 days or less, 27.4% between 91 days and one year and 3.9% greater than a year. The aggregate average maturity of all of the Bank's certificates of deposit of at least $100,000 was four months as of December 31, 1994, and the aggregate amount of all such certificates of deposit as of December 31, 1994 was $10.2 million. Concentrations of large certificates of deposit and certain money market deposits have been classified by bank regulatory authorities as volatile liabilities associated with certain risks, including the risks of reduced liquidity if a bank is unable to retain such deposits and reduced margins if its interest costs are increased by a bank in order to retain such deposits. See "-- Regulation and Supervision." As a result of the Orders the Bank was required to submit a plan to the FDIC and SBD to reduce its dependence on volatile liabilities.
Deposits from homeowner and community associations are a key component of the Bank's core deposit base. See "Association Bank Services". At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Association Bank Services function accounted for $34.5 million and $45.1 million in deposits, representing approximately 23.4% and 21.5% of the Bank's total deposits, respectively. During 1994, Association Bank Service customer deposits declined 23.5% from a year earlier. In August 1993, the manager and much of the staff of the Association Bank Services function left the Bank to join a competitor, whose services have been actively marketed to the Bank's customer base. Since March 31, 1994, there has not been a significant decline in Association Bank Service customer deposits as a result of the change in management, but there can be no assurance that the Bank will be able to continue to stem the loss of such deposits.
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank had brokered deposits totaling $19.8 million or 13.5% and $20.0 million or 9.5% of total deposits, respectively. During 1994, the Bank's agreement with a major retail brokerage firm for the placement of certificates of deposits was cancelled. The Bank repaid the $20.0 million in deposits from the major retail brokerage firm in September 1994 and established other sources of brokered deposits through other intermediaries. In addition, as a result of a regulatory examination in 1994 certain money market accounts totaling approximately $7.2 million as of December 31, 1994, were reclassified as brokered deposits. Most of these deposits have been on deposit with the Bank since 1989.
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank's brokered deposits were approximately 12.5% and 8.7% of the Bank's total assets, respectively. During 1994 and 1993 brokered deposits averaged $24.9 million and $36.3 million, respectively, with high and low balances for 1994 of $27.0 million and $11.1 million, respectively. Such brokered certificates of deposit have a remaining weighted average term to maturity of approximately six months The Bank's brokered deposit waiver was suspended on January 30, 1995 by the FDIC. As a result of the suspension of the brokered deposit waiver the Bank will not be able to renew these brokered deposits.
In March 1993, the Bank initiated a money desk for the purpose of attracting additional deposits. These deposits are gathered principally from other financial institutions and municipalities outside of the Bank's market area. As of December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank had outstanding money desk deposits of $14.9 million or 9.6% of total Bank's assets and $41.5 million or 19.8% of Bank's total deposits. During 1994, the money desk deposits averaged $28.4 million, with a high balance of $41.5 million. As of December 31, 1994, money desk deposits had a remaining weighted average maturity of approximately seven months. In response to the suspension of the brokered deposit waiver, the Bank has reactivated its money desk deposit program for the purpose of replacing the maturing brokered deposits.
The Bank's ability to accept brokered placements of certificates of deposit was restricted in the first quarter of 1992 under FDICIA and FDIC regulations that prohibit adequately capitalized banks from accepting or renewing
such deposits. As of December 31, 1994, the Bank was accepting brokered deposits pursuant to a waiver of such prohibition received in September 1994 with a term of one year. As required by the Orders, the Bank has submitted a plan to the FDIC and the SBD to eliminate reliance on brokered deposits and to reduce its dependency on out of area deposits and volatile liabilities. During the first quarter of 1995, the Bank's risk-based capital ratio declined to below the minimum regulatory requirement of 8.0% which caused the FDIC to suspend the Bank's brokered deposit waiver. No assurance can be given that brokered deposits, in the near future, can be replaced with other core deposits. See -- "Regulatory Agreement and Orders" and "Regulation and Supervision".
The following table sets forth the maturities, as of December 31, 1994, of the Bank's interest-bearing deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities:
OTHER BORROWINGS
The Bank's other borrowings at December 31, 1994 totaled $4.1 million, as compared to $1.3 million at December 31, 1993. The Bank's other borrowing facilities include advances from the FHLB and reverse repurchase agreements.
The Bank's short term line of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (Federal Reserve Bank) was cancelled effective April 3, 1995. However, the Bank has an overdraft line with the Federal Reserve Bank of $1.1 million secured by loans in the Bank's portfolio. The Bank's short term line of credit with the FHLB of up to $5.5 million is secured by pledged loans. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank had no borrowings outstanding with the FHLB or Federal Reserve Bank. During 1994 and 1993, the Bank did not borrow at the discount window at the Federal Reserve Bank. In the first quarter of 1995, the Bank activated its FHLB borrowing as a result of liquidity concerns related to the decline in core deposits since December 31, 1994.
ASSET AND LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
Banking is a business which depends on rate differentials. In general, the difference between the interest rate paid by the Bank on its deposits and its other borrowing and the interest rate received by the Bank on loans extended to its customers and securities held in the Bank's portfolio comprise the major portion of the Bank's earnings. These rates are highly sensitive to many factors which are beyond the control of the Bank. Accordingly, the earnings and growth of the Bank are subject to the influence of domestic economic conditions, including inflation, recession and unemployment.
The most important component of the Bank's earnings is the difference between the rates earned on its assets as compared to the rates paid on its liabilities. The difference between the amount of assets and the amount of liabilities which are subject to interest rate risk is referred to as the "gap." The gap represents the risk and the opportunity inherent in mismatching asset and liability interest rate changes. If more assets than liabilities are interest rate sensitive at a given time in a rising interest rate environment, net interest income increases. In a declining interest rate environment with the same "gap", net interest income decreases. If more liabilities change rates than assets, the same scenarios produce the opposite effects.
The Bank's risk management policies are established by the ALCO. The ALCO meets semi-monthly to formulate the Bank's strategies. The basic responsibilities of the ALCO include the management of interest rate risk, liquidity, funding, and asset and liability products. The Bank's approach is to measure interest rate risk, assess and determine if the risk level is acceptable and to develop strategies to either reduce excessive risk or recognize the trade-offs between risk and return.
The following table shows the repricing opportunities for the Bank's interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities at December 31, 1994:
(1) Excludes non-accrual loans.
The maturity/rate sensitivity analysis is a static view of the balance sheet with assets and liabilities grouped into certain defined time periods, and thus only partially depicts the dynamics of the Bank's sensitivity to interest rate changes. Such an analysis does not fully describe the complexity of relationships between product features and pricing, market rates and future management of the balance sheet mix. As a result, assets and liabilities indicated as repricing within the same period may in fact reprice at different times and different rates. The Company's net interest margins on average earnings assets for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992, were 5.1%, 4.6% and 4.5%, respectively.
LIQUIDITY
In 1994 and 1993, the Company's principal source of liquidity has been new capital from the issuance of its capital stock. Generally, the Bank has various sources of liquidity including core deposits, money desk deposits, other borrowings, loan participations and sales, loan repayments, and the sale of problem assets. The Bank's access to all of these sources of liquidity is limited as a result of the failure to meet capital requirements, its level of classified assets, continued operating losses, and contractual maturities of performing loans or the inability of borrowers to repay loans according to the contractual terms. In addition, the Bank's brokered deposit waiver was suspended on January 30, 1995 disallowing the Bank from renewing existing and accepting new brokered deposits.
Liquidity is the Bank's ability to meet the present and future needs of its clients for loans and deposit withdrawals. The Bank's liquidity generally decreases as a result of increases in the Bank's loans and other assets, and fluctuations in the maturities of deposits in the Bank can have a significant effect on the Bank's liquidity. The sources of the Bank's liquidity include deposits, other liquid assets and short-term borrowings. The most important source of these assets are core deposits. Core deposits are defined as all deposits from its customer base except time deposits of $100,000 or greater and all deposits identified as volatile. At December 31, 1994, the Bank's core
deposits were $101.2 million, representing a 12.8% decrease from core deposits of $116.0 million at December 31, 1993, which in turn represents a 49.1% decrease from core deposits of $228.0 million at December 31, 1992. The Bank's liquid assets, which includes cash and short term investments, at December 31, 1994 totaled $40.1 million, a decrease of 15.0% from $47.1 million at December 31, 1993. The Bank currently has an overdraft line with the Federal Reserve Bank of up to $1.1 million secured by loans in the Bank's portfolio. As of December 31, 1994, the Bank had pledged loans and securities enabling the Bank to borrow up to $5.5 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco, and the Bank had not drawn on this line of credit.
The Bank's ability to generate liquidity through deposits from homeowner and community associations, $34.5 million or 23.4% of deposits at December 31, 1994, had become the subject of intense competition during 1993. During 1994, these deposits declined $4.9 million or 12.4% from December 31, 1993. In addition, out of area deposits solicited through the Bank's money desk, $14.9 million or 10.0% of deposits at December 31, 1994 are the subject of an Order requiring the Bank to reduce its reliance on such deposits. During 1994, the Bank reduced these deposits by $26.6 million or 64.0% since December 31, 1993.
The Bank's ability to generate liquidity through acceptance of brokered placements of certificates of deposit was restricted in the first quarter of 1992 under FDICIA and new FDIC regulations that prohibit undercapitalized banks from accepting or renewing such brokered deposits and prohibit adequately capitalized institutions from accepting or renewing such deposits unless such institutions obtain a waiver of such prohibition from the FDIC. Under the Orders, the Bank was required to submit a written plan to the FDIC and the SBD for eliminating its reliance on brokered deposits, and to provide the Regional Director of the FDIC and the Superintendent with monthly reports outlining the Bank's progress under such plan. The FDIC had granted the Bank a one-year waiver expiring in September 1995 to permit renewal of brokered deposits, provided that the Bank continues to meet the definition of an adequately capitalized institution. If the Bank fails to meet the definition of an adequately capitalized institution or fails to demonstrate substantial progress towards elimination of dependency on brokered deposits, the Bank may be unable to obtain an extension of such waiver. During the first quarter of 1995, the Bank's brokered deposit waiver was suspended as a result of the failure to meet the minimum risk-based capital requirement. See "-- Regulation and Supervision."
During 1994, the Bank had a plan to reduce its reliance on volatile liabilities which included certain actions including the hiring of a liability manager to work with Private and Business Banking officers in the development and marketing of core deposit programs, a new local area certificate of deposit product was rolled-out in early February, 1994, and the Bank's international strategy with deposits expected to exceed loans by a ratio of 2:1. As a result of the Bank's capital position, management determined that the implementation of these measures was not advisable. The Bank's present strategy focuses on the stabilization of the existing core deposit portfolio and the selective non-renewal of transaction type loans. The proceeds from loan pay offs will be used to fund the maturity of volatile liabilities.
Although management believes that the Bank's ability to eliminate its brokered deposits, and reduce its reliance on out of area and volatile liabilities can be accomplished through local deposit marketing efforts following a recapitalization of the Bank, the success of which cannot be assured, and because brokered deposits and out of area deposits presently comprise over 23.5% of the Bank's total deposits, it is not expected that, in the near future, these deposits can be replaced with core deposits. Nor can any assurance be given that the Bank will be able to successfully implement its plans, find alternate sources of deposits and avoid violation of the Orders. See "-- Regulatory Directives and Orders."
CAPITAL
Shareholders' equity totaled $2.1 million at December 31, 1994, a decrease of $15.4 million from $17.5 million at December 31, 1993. During the period from 1991 through 1994, the Company suffered an aggregate of $74.6 million in losses, primarily as a result of defaulted loans secured by real estate and losses on direct real estate development activities. The Company and the Bank succeeded in avoiding insolvency during this period only through the injection of a total of $52.0 million in new capital as of December 31, 1994. The Company's majority shareholder committed to an additional capital contribution of $3.8 million, expected by April 24, 1995. The Company intends to raise a minimum of $6.3 million of additional capital in 1995.
Pursuant to federal law, the Company is subject to the Federal Reserve Board's capital guidelines of the FRB and the Bank is subject to the FDIC's regulations governing capital adequacy for banks that are not members ("non-member banks") of the Federal Reserve System. As a result of the Bank's failure to meet its minimum regulatory and Orders capital requirements at December 31, 1994, the Bank filed the Plan in compliance with "Prompt Corrective Action" imposed by FDICIA. It is expected that the Plan will be acceptable to the FDIC and the SBD after the receipt of additional capital. The Plan supersedes previously filed plans under the "Prompt Corrective Action" regulations. In addition, in 1993 the Company agreed to guarantee that the Bank will comply with the previously filed capital restoration plan until the Bank has met its minimum capital requirements on average during each of four consecutive calendar quarters. The Company's liability under the guarantee is limited to the lesser of 5% of the Bank's total assets at the time it became undercapitalized, $15.3 million or an amount necessary (or that would have been necessary) to bring the Bank into compliance with all of its capital requirements as of the time it fails to comply with the Restoration Plan. The Company currently does not have sufficient funds to satisfy the guarantee, and would be in default thereunder if called upon to do so. See "-- Supervision and Regulation" for further information concerning FDICIA's "Prompt Corrective Action" system.
Under California law, if a bank's deficit retained earnings exceed 40% of its contributed capital, its capital is deemed to be impaired, and the bank is required to levy an assessment on its shares to correct the impairment. The SBD has issued eight Impairment Orders to the Bank, most recently dated February 1, 1995. At December 31, 1994, the Bank had contributed capital of $66.2 million and deficit retained earnings of $64.6 million resulting in a $38.1 million capital impairment. See "-- Regulatory Directives and Orders -- Capital Impairment Order" for more discussion on the Bank's impairment of capital.
On July 13, 1992, the Company had completed (i) the sale to the Company's controlling stockholder of 280,000 shares of Class A Common Stock (the "Class A Shares") at $50.00 per share and warrants which will enable the Company's controlling stockholder to acquire 1.0408 additional Class A Shares at $50.0 per share for every Class A Share issued by the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $14,000,000, under an Amended Stock Purchase Agreement dated April 10, 1992. As a consequence of the acquisition of the 280,000 Class A Shares by the Company's controlling stockholder on July 13, 1992, a change of control of the Company was effected.
On October 29, 1992, the Company entered into an agreement which was subsequently amended on November 20, 1992 (as amended, the "October 29 Letter Agreement") with the Company's controlling stockholder whereby it was agreed that the Company's controlling stockholder would purchase up to 600,000 shares of Series C Preferred Share at a price of $20.00 per share, completed by a specified date and the Company would grant to the Company's controlling stockholder an option (the "Series C Preferred Stock Option") to purchase up to an additional 400,000 Series C Preferred Shares at a price of $20.00 per share, exercisable in whole or in part at any time before a specified date. The Company's controlling stockholder acquired 300,000 shares as of December 31, 1992, 300,000 shares on February 26, 1993, 200,000 shares on August 27, and 100,000 shares on September 30, 1993, of Series C Preferred Stock.
On May 23, 1994, the holder of the Company's Series C Preferred Stock converted each share of his Preferred Stock into 40 shares of Class A Common Stock and 40 warrants, with each warrant granting the right to purchase an additional share of Class A Common Stock, exercisable at $0.50 per share (before the reverse split). The warrants have not been exercised. In addition to the conversion, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of the Company's Class A Common Stock and changed the authorized number of shares to 40,000,000. As a result of the reverse stock split, the Company repurchased the fractional shares which totaled 119 new shares. No Series C Preferred Shares were outstanding at December 31, 1994.
On July 25, 1994, the Company issued 3,521,126 shares of Class A Common Stock, and warrants to purchase an additional 3,521,126 shares with an exercise price for each share of $10.00 to its principal stockholder in its first closing of a private stock offering for $20.0 million in capital. The price per unit was $5.68. Each unit sold under the private placement includes a Risk Protection Right (RPR). Under the RPR, additional Class A Common Stock will be issued to the holder of each RPR if a net loss is incurred on certain specified assets or as the result of losses, incurred related to certain litigation actions. The RPR will effectuate this risk allocation by compensating the holder with additional shares of Class A Common Stock (Adjustment Shares) up to a maximum number of shares per RPR without the payment of additional consideration. This compensation will be effected through periodic distributions of Adjustment Shares. Adjustment Shares will be issued to compensate for net losses, net charge-offs and expenses on certain specified assets (Specified Assets) and the lawsuit that was settled for $2.0 million during July 1994 up
to a cumulative amount of $16.0 million. The maximum number of shares to be issued is 9,723,000. As a result of the losses incurred in 1994, the maximum number of Adjustment Shares would have been issued at December 31, 1994 as a result of the losses incurred in 1994.
The total cost of this capital raising was $2.4 million for a net capital contribution of $17.6 million. On July 27, 1994 and December 31, 1994, the Company contributed net capital of $13.5 million and $3.5 million, respectively, to the Bank.
With the conversion and the issuance of the Adjustment Shares, and if the controlling stockholder exercised all of the Warrants, then the Company's controlling stockholder would receive an additional 1,800,000 Class A Common Shares and would own approximately 99.2% of the total number of issued and outstanding common shares.
Mr. Kaharudin Latief of Jakarta, Indonesia is presently in the process of providing notice to the FRB and applying to the SBD for approval to acquire shares of the Class A Common Stock. If and when regulatory clearance is received, Mr. Latief plans to acquire from the Company's controlling stockholder 600,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and Warrants through cancellation of an unsecured, personal loan in the amount of $6.0 million which Mr. Latief previously extended to the Company's controlling stockholder. The Company's controlling stockholder used the proceeds of this loan to acquire 300,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock from the Company. If Mr. Latief consummates this transaction, the Company's stockholders, Mr. Latief would hold 600,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and 600,000 Warrants with an exercise price of $10.00 per share. Mr. Latief's ownership percentage including Warrants would be 5.8% and the Company's controlling stockholder's new common ownership would decline to approximately 93.4%.
The Company and the Bank are subject to general regulations issued by the FRB, FDIC, and SBD which require maintenance of a certain level of capital and the Bank is under specific capital requirements as a result of the Orders. As of December 31, 1994, the Company was not in compliance with all minimum capital requirements and the Bank was not in compliance with all minimum capital requirements including the minimum leverage ratio of 7.0% mandated by the Orders.
The following table reflects both the Company's and the Bank's capital ratios with respect to minimum capital requirements in effect as of December 31, 1994.
On April 20, 1995, the Company's majority shareholder committed to contributing $3.8 million in capital, expected by April 24, 1995. The Company intends to contribute $4.2 million of capital to the Bank upon receipt of the $3.8 million. The following table reflects both the Company's and Bank's capital ratios with respect to minimum capital requirements in effect as of December 31, 1994 giving effect to the capital raised in April of 1995.
Certain reclassification were made in the prior years' financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.
ITEM 8
ITEM 8 - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of The San Francisco Company:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of The San Francisco Company and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 1994 and 1993 and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1994. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to report on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our report.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company and subsidiaries at December 31, 1994 and 1993 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1994 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company's recurring losses from operations; noncompliance of the Bank of San Francisco (the Bank) with the Orders to Cease and Desist issued jointly by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the FDIC) and the California State Banking Department (the SBD); the Bank's noncompliance with the Impairment Orders issued by the SBD; the Bank's designation as a critically undercapitalized institution by the FDIC and the restrictions imposed by the prompt corrective action provisions of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991; and the uncertainty relating to the potential unfavorable outcome of pending litigation discussed in note 17 to the consolidated financial statements, raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on many factors, including obtaining additional capital contributions, increasing and maintaining its capital ratios, achieving profitable operations and obtaining full compliance with the Cease and Desist and Impairment Orders. Management's plans in regard to these matters are described in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not included any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.
Because of the significance of the uncertainties discussed above, we are unable to express, and we do not express, an opinion on the accompanying 1994 consolidated financial statements.
KPMG Peat Marwick LLP
April 4, 1995, except as to note 3, which is as of April 20, 1995 San Francisco, California
THE SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION DECEMBER 31, 1994 AND 1993
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
THE SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1993 AND 1992
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
THE SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1993 AND 1992
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1993 AND 1992
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. (continued)
THE SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1993 AND 1992 (continued)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
THE SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994 AND 1993
Note 1: Statement of Accounting Policies
Organization
The San Francisco Company (Company) formerly the Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company is a Delaware corporation and a bank holding company registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. The Company was organized in 1981 under the laws of the State of California. In July 1988, the Company changed its state of incorporation from California to Delaware by means of a merger of the Company into a newly formed wholly owned Delaware subsidiary. Bank of San Francisco (Bank), a state chartered bank, was organized as a California banking corporation in 1978 and became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company through a reorganization in 1982.
The Bank and Bank of San Francisco Realty Investors (BSFRI) acquired partnership interests of 34.5% and 2.5%, respectively, in Bank of San Francisco Building Company (BSFBC), a California limited partnership which holds the leasehold interest in the Company's headquarters building located at 550 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California. The Company accounts for its investment in BSFBC using the equity method.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Bank, and the Bank's wholly owned subsidiary, BSFRI, formerly BSF Equities. All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Other ventures and partnerships in which the Company or any of its subsidiaries have a significant ownership interest are accounted for by the equity method. These investments are recorded as real estate investments, and gains or losses upon disposition of these investments are recorded in gain/loss on sale of real estate.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Statements of Cash Flows
Cash equivalents are defined as short-term, highly liquid investments both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near maturity that there is insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Generally, only investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase qualify as cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks, time deposits with other financial institutions, and Federal funds sold.
The Bank is required to maintain non-interest bearing cash reserves equal to a percentage of certain deposits. In 1994 and 1993, the average reserve balances outstanding were $2.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively. Generally, the Bank does not maintain compensating balance arrangements.
Investment Securities
At December 31, 1993, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities" (SFAS No. 115) which requires the classification of debt and equity securities into one of three categories; held-to-maturity, trading, or available-for-sale. The investments classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost because management has both the intent and ability to hold these investments to maturity. Investments classified as available-for-sale are carried at fair value with any unrealized gains and loss included as a separate component of shareholders' (deficit)/equity.
Investment securities include both debt and equity securities. At December 31, 1994, Bank maintained two securities portfolios; investment securities held-to-maturity, and debt and equity securities available-for-sale. Investment securities held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost and discounts or premiums are accreted or amortized to income over the expected term of the investment based on prepayment assumptions. Discounts or
premiums are adjusted periodically to reflect actual prepayment experience. The gain or loss on all investment securities sold is determined based on the specific identification method. The estimated fair value is based on market price.
Loans Receivable
Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of the allowance for loan losses, deferred fees and unearned discount, if any. The Bank holds loans receivable primarily for investment purposes. A significant portion of the Bank's loan portfolio is comprised of adjustable rate loans.
Interest on loans is calculated using the simple interest method on the daily balances of the principal amount outstanding. The accrual of interest is discontinued and any accrued and unpaid interest is charged against current income when the payment of principal or interest is 90 days past due, unless the amount is well-secured and in the process of collection. Subsequent interest payments on loans in non-accruing status are recorded as a reduction of the loan balance. Interest payments received on loans for which the future collection of the recorded principal is probable are recognized as interest income.
Lease financing receivables, net of unearned income, are included in loans. Unearned income and residual values related to lease financing receivables are recognized in income over the life of the lease under a method that yields an approximately level rate of return on the unrecovered lease investment.
Loan Fees
The Bank charges nonrefundable fees for originating loans. Loan origination fees, net of the direct costs of underwriting and closing the loans, are deferred and amortized to interest income using the interest method. Unamortized net fees and costs on loans sold or paid in full are recognized as income. Other loan fees and charges, which represent income from delinquent payment charges, and miscellaneous loan services, are recognized as interest income when collected.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The Company records a provision for estimated losses on loans receivable considering both specifically identified problem loans and credit risks not specifically identified in the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses takes into consideration numerous factors including the financial condition of the borrowers, the fair value of the collateral prior to the anticipated date of sale, delinquency trends, collateral concentrations and past loss experience.
Losses are recognized as charges to the allowance when the loan is considered uncollectible or at the time of foreclosure. Recoveries on loans receivable previously charged off are credited to allowance for loan losses.
Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation on furniture, fixtures and equipment is computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of each type of asset. Estimated useful lives are from three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the term of the applicable lease or their estimated useful life, whichever is shorter.
Real Estate Investments
The Company, through BSFRI, has acquired property for development and sale and has made investments in joint ventures and partnerships. Real estate acquired for development and sale is recorded at the lower of cost (adjusted for subsequent development costs) or fair value net of estimated selling costs. Interest costs are capitalized when properties are in the development stage. Investments in real estate joint ventures and partnerships are reported using the equity method of accounting.
Other Real Estate Owned
Other real estate owned (OREO) includes loans receivable that have either been repossessed in settlement of debt (foreclosures) or substantially repossessed ("in-substance foreclosures"). In-substance foreclosures occur when the market value of the collateral is less than the legal obligation of the borrower and the Bank expects the payment of the loan to come only from sale of the collateral. At the date of transfer, OREO is recorded at fair value net of estimated selling costs.
The Company provides a charge against current earnings for estimated losses on foreclosed property when the carrying value of the property exceeds its fair value net of estimated selling expenses. The Bank obtains an appraisal or market valuation analysis on all other real estate owned periodically. If the periodic valuation indicates a decline in the fair value below recorded carrying value, an allowance for OREO losses is established. Fair value is based on current market conditions, appraisals, and estimated sales values of similar properties, net of estimated selling and other expenses.
Other Assets
Other assets include equipment owned by the Bank and leased to third parties under an operating lease which is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using a straight-line method over five years.
Income Taxes
Prior to 1987, the Company filed consolidated Federal income and combined California franchise tax returns, using the cash method of accounting. Beginning in 1987, as required by the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the Company filed consolidated tax returns using the accrual method of accounting.
Effective January 1, 1993, the Company changed its method of accounting for income taxes to adopt Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" (SFAS No. 109). Under the asset and liability method prescribed by SFAS No. 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases (temporary differences). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognized in income in the period of enactment.
Under SFAS No. 109, deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, and then a valuation allowance is established to reduce that deferred tax asset if it is "more likely than not" that the related tax benefits will not be realized. The adoption of SFAS No. 109 did not have a material impact on the Company's January 1, 1993 net deferred tax asset. Additionally, the adoption of this accounting method did not have a material impact on tax expense and net income for 1994 and 1993.
Non-Interest Income
Fees for other customer services represent fees earned for the brokerage of certificates of deposit and commissions earned in connection with the Bank's stock option lending program and other banking services. Fees for services are recorded as income when the services are performed.
Loss per Share
Loss per share is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding divided into net loss. The conversion of the Series C Preferred Shares and warrants are included in the calculations of loss per share for 1994 effective from the date of conversion.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In October 1994, Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) no. 119, Disclosure About Derivative Financial Instruments and Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The provisions of SFAS No. 119 are effective for the Company and the Bank as of December 31, 1995. SFAS No. 119 required disclosure about derivative financial instruments -- futures, forwards, swap and option contracts, and other financial instruments with similar characteristics. As of December 31, 1994, the Company and the Bank had no derivative financial instruments that would be subject to such disclosure.
In 1993, the FASB issued SFAS No. 114 "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan". This Statement required that impaired loans be measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the effective rate of the loan's observable market price or the fair market value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. This Statement applies to financial statements for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 1994. In October 1994, the FASB issued SFAS No. 118 "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan-Income Recognition and Disclosures". SFAS No. 118 amends SFAS No. 114 to allow a creditor to use existing methods for recognizing interest income on an impaired loan. SFAS No. 118 is effective concurrent with the effective date of SFAS No. 114. The Company elected not to implement SFAS No. 114 and 118 for the period ended December 31, 1994. It has been determined that the effect of SFAS No. 114 and 118 on the Company's financial statements would not have been material had the Company implemented SFAS No. 114 and 118 as of December 31, 1994.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made in the prior years' consolidated financial statements to conform to current year presentation.
Note 2: Regulatory Orders and Going Concern Considerations
The Company
On December 16, 1994, the Company and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (FRB) entered into a Written Agreement (the "Agreement") that supersedes the previous directive dated April 20, 1992. The Agreement prohibits the Company, without prior approval of the FRB, from: (a) paying any cash dividends to its shareholders; (b) directly or indirectly, acquiring or selling any interest in any entity, line of business, problem or other assets; (c) executing any new employment, service, or severance contracts, or renewing or modifying any existing contracts with any executive officer; (d) engaging in any transactions with the Bank that exceeds an aggregate of $20,000 per month; (e) engaging in any cash expenditures with any individual or entity that exceeds $25,000 per month; (f) increasing fees paid to any directors for attendance at board or committee meetings, or paying any bonuses to any executive officers; (g) incurring any new debt or increasing existing debt; and (h) repurchasing any outstanding stock of the Company. The Company is required to submit a progress report to the FRB on a quarterly basis.
The Company was also required to submit to the FRB an acceptable written plan to improve and maintain adequate capital position, a comprehensive business plan concerning current and proposed business activities, a comprehensive operating budget at the Bank and the consolidated organization. In addition, the Board of Directors was required to submit an acceptable written plan designed to enhance their supervision of the operations and management of the consolidated organization. The Company has filed all of the required submissions with the FRB in accordance with the Agreement.
The Bank
Capital Orders
On March 24, 1995, the State Banking Department (SBD) issued an order for the Bank to increase its level of capital. The capital order requires that the Bank increase its capital by $4.2 million on or before April 10, 1995 and by a minimum of $10.5 million (including the first installment of $4.2 million) on or before June 30, 1995. The second installment must be at least equal to the amount of capital necessary to increase the shareholder's equity to not less than 7.0% of total tangible assets as of February 28, 1995. No assurances were given that the SBD would refrain from taking action against the Bank until the deadlines specified have passed.
On March 28, 1995, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporations (FDIC) issued a Notification of Capital Category ("Notification") in accordance with Prompt Corrective Action regulations. The FDIC has determined that the Bank is Critically Undercapitalized. On the date of the Notification the Bank became subject to certain mandatory requirements including submission of a capital restorations plan and restrictions on asset growth, acquisitions, new activities, new branches, payment of dividends or making any other capital distribution, management fees, and senior executive compensation. Prior to the Notification, the Bank was subject to the Orders to Cease and Desist (Orders), as described below, which included these limitations. In addition, immediately upon receiving notice, the Bank must obtain FDIC's prior written approval before entering into any material transaction other than in the usual course of business, extending any credit for any highly leveraged transactions, as defined by regulation, amending the Bank's charter or bylaws, except to the extent necessary to carry out any other requirement of any law, regulation, or order, making any change in accounting methods, engaging in any covered transaction as defined in section 23A(b) of the Federal Reserve Act, pay excessive compensation or bonuses, paying interest on new or renewed liabilities at a rate that would increase the Bank's weighted average cost of funds to a level significantly exceeding the prevailing rates of interest on insured deposits in the Bank's normal market area, and making any principal or interest payment on subordinated debt.
Orders to Cease and Desist
On August 18, 1993, the Bank stipulated to Orders to Cease and Desist (Orders) issued jointly by the FDIC and the SBD, whereby the Bank agreed to correct alleged unsafe and unsound practices disclosed in the FDIC and SBD Reports of Examination as of November 30, 1992. The Orders supersede the Memorandum of Understanding that the Bank had been operating under since November 15, 1991. As a result of the Orders, the Bank is classified as a "troubled institution" by the FDIC.
The Orders, which became effective on August 29, 1993, require that the Bank: (a) achieve and maintain a 7% leverage capital ratio on and after September 30, 1993; (b) pay no dividends without the prior written consent of the FDIC and the California Superintendent of Banks (the "Superintendent"); (c) reduce the $88.6 million in assets classified "Substandard" or "Doubtful" as of November 30, 1992 (the date of the most recent full-scope FDIC and SBD Report of Examination of the Bank), to no more than $40.0 million by August 31, 1994; (d) have and retain management whose qualifications and experience are commensurate with their duties and responsibilities to operate the Bank in a safe and sound manner, notify the FDIC and the Superintendent at least 30 days prior to adding or replacing any new director or senior executive officer and comply with certain restrictions in compensation of senior executive officers; (e) maintain an adequate reserve for loan losses; (f) not extend additional credit to, or for the benefit of, any borrower who had a previous loan from the Bank that was charged off or classified "Loss" in whole or in part; (g) develop and implement a plan to reduce its concentrations of construction and development loans; (h) not increase the amount of its brokered deposits above the amount outstanding on the Orders Effective Date ($20.0 million) and submit a written plan for eliminating reliance on brokered deposits; (i) revise or adopt, and implement, certain plans and policies to reduce the Bank's concentration of construction and land development loans, reduce the Bank's dependency on brokered deposits and out of area deposits, and to improve internal routines and controls; (j) reduce the Bank's volatile liability dependency ratio to not more than 15% by March 31, 1994; (k) eliminate or correct all violations of law set out in the most recent Report of Examination, and take all necessary steps to ensure future compliance with all applicable laws and regulations; and (l) establish a committee of three independent directors to monitor compliance with the Orders and report to the FDIC and the Superintendent on a quarterly basis.
Failure to comply with the above Orders could result in the termination of the Bank's federal deposit insurance, imposition of civil money penalties against the Bank or other responsible parties, or possession of the Bank's property and business and ultimate liquidation thereof by the SBD.
As of December 31, 1994, the Bank failed to meet industry-wide capital requirements and to meet the 7% leverage capital ratio imposed by the Orders primarily because of the continued losses incurred as a result of problem assets. As to the other requirements of the Orders and the Restoration Plan, the Bank believes that the findings of the FDIC and SBD at its recent examination which began January 30, 1995 will be that the Bank is not in compliance with substantial requirements of the Orders including the SBD's order requiring the Bank to correct its capital impairment. However, no Report of Examination has been received from the FDIC and the SBD as a result of their recent examination of the Bank. In addition, because of its asset quality, continued operating losses, volatile liability dependency and liquidity problems, the Bank is potentially subject to further regulatory sanctions that are generally applicable to banks that are critically undercapitalized.
In response to the Orders and Prompt Correction Action regulations, management has submitted a 1995 Business and Profit Plan to the FDIC and the SBD for approval. It is expected that the business plan will be acceptable to the FDIC and the SBD after the receipt of additional capital. Management believes that the Bank will be able to take the actions contemplated by such plan without need for further FDIC approval, subject to the general requirement that the Bank return to profitability and be operated safely and soundly. A number of the restrictions imposed by the Orders will remain in effect until the Orders are officially lifted. Although management anticipates the FDIC and the SBD will lift the Orders if the Bank's problem assets are fully resolved, no assurance can be given as to when all conditions precedent to the lifting of the Orders will be fulfilled. The Company also is subject to certain restrictions imposed by the FRB pursuant to the Agreement that may prevent the Company from taking steps to establish new businesses (or new subsidiaries) at the Company level until similar conditions precedent are fulfilled.
Prompt Corrective Action
The Bank's failure to meet minimum regulatory requirements as of December 31, 1994, resulted in the imposition of operating restrictions pursuant to the prompt corrective action provisions of FDIC Improvement Act (FDICIA). In accordance with FDICIA, the Bank submitted a capital restoration plan (Plan) for meeting regulatory capital requirements. The Plan has not been approved. In addition, in 1993 the Company agreed to guarantee that the Bank will comply with the previously filed capital restoration plan until the Bank has met its minimum capital requirements on average during each of four consecutive calendar quarters. The Company agreed to guarantee the Bank's performance under the Plan for up to five percent (5%) of the Bank's assets or the amount needed to bring the Bank into compliance. The Company's guarantee will remain in effect until the Bank maintains compliance with the minimum capital ratio requirements for four consecutive calendar quarters.
Failure to maintain minimum capital requirements or to implement the Plan can result in the imposition of additional restrictions upon the Bank's activities including increased supervision and ultimately regulatory takeover.
Impairment Orders
Under California law, if a bank's deficit retained earnings exceed 40% of its contributed capital, its capital is deemed to be impaired, and the bank is required to levy an assessment on its shares to correct the impairment. The SBD has issued six impairment orders to the Bank, with the most recent dated February 1, 1995 (the "Impairment Orders"). At December 31, 1994, the Bank had contributed capital of $66.2 million and deficit retained earnings of $64.6 million.
The Impairment Orders require the Bank to correct the impairment within 60 days by levying an assessment on the Company as the Bank's sole shareholder. The Bank has not levied an assessment against its shares nor has it otherwise corrected the impairment, and, therefore, is in violation of this law. In addition, the SBD has specifically reserved the right to take such other action as the Superintendent may deem appropriate or necessary, which may include taking possession of the Bank's property and business, including ultimately liquidating the business and affairs of the Bank.
The Company plans to correct the Bank's capital impairment by requesting the SBD to approve a quasi-reorganization of the Bank. In a quasi-reorganization, the Bank's retained deficit would be reduced or eliminated by netting the retained deficit against contributed capital. Management believes that approval for such a quasi-reorganization would only be granted by the SBD upon the Bank raising sufficient additional capital for the Bank to sustain profitable operations and meet all of its regulatory capital requirements in the future. Should the SBD deny approval for a quasi-reorganization of the Bank, the Bank would be required to raise additional new capital of $95.2 million, to cure the capital impairment at December 31, 1994. Any operating losses thereafter would further impair the Bank's capital and give rise to further capital assessments.
No assurance can be given that the Bank's capital condition will not deteriorate further prior to any such quasi-reorganization as a result of operating losses. In addition, because a quasi-reorganization requires that the Bank adjust its assets and liabilities to market value at the time of the reorganization, the Bank's capital could be further reduced from its present level. Finally, there can be no assurance given that, following a correction of the Bank's capital impairment, whether through a quasireorganization or an infusion of sufficient capital, the Bank's capital position will not continue to erode through future operating losses.
Going Concern Considerations
During the period 1991 through 1994, the Company suffered an aggregate of $74.6 million in losses, primarily as a result of defaulted loans secured by real estate and losses on direct real estate development activities. The Company and the Bank succeeded in avoiding insolvency during this period only through the injection of a total of $52.0 million of new capital by the Company's controlling stockholder. The Company's and the Bank's recurring losses from operations, noncompliance with minimum regulatory capital requirements, the negative capital position, the Bank's designation as a critically undercapitalized institution by the FDIC, and the Bank's noncompliance with the Orders and Impairment Order raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.
The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon many factors, including increasing and maintaining its capital ratios, obtaining additional capital contributions and returning the Company to profitable operations. In response to these problems, the Company and the Bank have developed a business strategy and capital plan to raise new capital and return the Company and the Bank to profitability. The Company intends to raise additional capital in 1995 and contribute that capital to the Bank. If the Company does not succeed in raising new capital, termination of the Bank's FDIC insurance is likely.
Note 3: Subsequent Event -- Capital Contribution
In April 1995, the Company received a commitment from its majority shareholder for $3.8 million in capital, expected by April 24, 1995. The Company intends to contribute a total of $4.2 million in capital to the Bank upon receipt of the $3.8 million. The following table reflects both the Company's and Bank's capital ratios with respect to minimum capital requirements in effect as of December 31, 1994 giving effect to the capital commitment.
Note 4: Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity
The carrying and estimated market values of investment securities held-to-maturity at December 31 are as follows:
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, $2.5 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of securities were pledged as collateral for treasury, tax, loan deposits, public agency, bankruptcy and trust deposits. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Company had no securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
The average yield on investments securities was 4.6% and 3.6% at December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. U.S. Treasury and agency securities held by the Company have maturities of less than one year. The FHLB stock has no stated maturity.
During 1994, the Bank reclassified collateralized mortgage obligations with an amortized cost of $2.3 million to the availablefor-sale investment category as a result of a change in the strategy regarding the investment in these types of securities. The Bank recorded a loss of $14,000 on the transfer of securities to the available-for-sale category.
Note 5: Investment Securities Available-for-Sale
The carrying and estimated market values of investment securities available-for-sale at December 31 are as follows:
For 1994 and 1993, the Bank included an unrealized loss of $4,000 and $60,000 as a separate component of stockholders' equity. U.S. Treasury and agency securities and CMO held by the Company have maturities of less than one year. The maturity on the CMO is estimated based on the prepayment experience of similar investment securities.
The proceeds from sales of securities available for sale were $19.4 million at December 31, 1994. During 1994, the Bank recorded no gains, and losses of $265,000 were realized.
Note 6: Loans Receivable
The Bank's loan portfolios at December 31 are summarized as follows:
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, non-accrual loans totaled $9.4 million and $11.1 million, respectively, and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $940,000 and $182,000, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992, interest income foregone on non-accrual loans was $918,000, $797,000, and $713,000, respectively. Restructured loans totaled $6.3 million and $2.0 million at December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992, interest income foregone on restructured loans were $18,000, $166,000 and zero, respectively.
There were $9.4 million of fixed rate loans at December 31, 1994 with a weighted average yield of 7.1%. Total fixed rate loans, most of which mature in more than five years, comprised approximately 8.8% of the Bank's loan portfolio at December 31, 1994.
The Company makes commercial and financial loans secured by real estate, which are principally located in Northern California. At December 31, 1994 loans secured by deeds of trust on property located in these areas represented 65.4% of the Bank's loans. The primary source of repayment of commercial and financial loans is the borrower's or property's debt service capacity while the secondary source of repayment is the underlying real estate collateral.
At December 31, 1994, 8.5% of the Bank's loan portfolio was composed of loans secured by properties that were under construction or contract for construction.
Note 7. Allowance for Loan Losses
Changes in the Company's allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
Note 8: Other Real Estate Owned
Other real estate owned (including in-substance foreclosures) at December 31 consist of the following:
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, other real estate owned included $4.6 million and $19.1 million, respectively, of in-substance foreclosed loans. For both December 31, 1994 and 1993, other real estate owned was comprised of 18 properties, with the largest single property totaling $3.5 million.
The following table summarizes the other real estate owned loss experience of the Bank for the periods shown:
Note 9: Real Estate Investments
Real estate investments at December 31 consist of the following:
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, real estate investments included two residential development properties, one commercial land available for development, and the general and limited partnership investments in BSFBC. In 1994 and 1993, the Bank had losses of $264,000 and earnings of $263,000, respectively from BSFBC.
Note 10: Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment at December 31 consist of the following:
The amount of depreciation and amortization included in non-interest expense was $660,000, $770,000, and $990,000 in 1994, 1993 and 1992, respectively. Total rental expense net of sublease income and other occupancy expenses for the Company premises were $2.1 million in 1994, 1993 and 1992.
At December 31, 1994, the approximate future minimum rental payments under non-cancelable operating leases, with remaining terms ranging from six months to twenty-three years, for the Company's premises are as follows:
Lease payments are subject to rent adjustments every five years to reflect changes in the consumer price index with a minimum increase of 20%. During 1994, 1993 and 1992, the Company received $169,000, $59,000 and $30,000 of sublease income, respectively. The total future minimum rent payments to be received under noncancellable operating subleases at December 31, 1994 were approximately $354,000. These payments are not reflected in the above table.
Note 11: Deposits
Deposit balances by deposit programs offered by the Bank at December 31 are as follows:
Total deposit balances averaged $172.9 million and $264.7 million during 1994 and 1993, respectively, with average interest rates of 2.7% and 2.6%, respectively. The weighted average stated rates on deposits as of December 31, 1994 and 1993 was 2.9% and 3.0%, respectively.
Domestic time deposits in amounts of $100,000 or more by time remaining to maturity at December 31 are as follows:
Interest expense on time deposits in amounts of $100,000 or more was $935,000, $2.0 million and $1.8 million in 1994, 1993, and 1992, respectively. Time deposit accounts in amounts of $100,000 or more averaged $24.5 million and $54.7 million during 1994 and 1993, respectively, with weighted average rates of 3.8% and 3.7%, respectively. The weighted average stated interest rate on such deposits at December 31, 1994 and 1993 was 4.4% and 3.3%, respectively.
Brokered deposits totaled $19.7 million and $20.0 million, and money desk deposits totaled $15.1 million and $41.5 million at December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively.
Note 12: Other Borrowings
Other borrowings at December 31 are as follows:
The terms of the borrowings outstanding at December 31, 1994 provide for the repayment of $4.1 million in 1995. The securities pledged under the agreement to resell are held in safe keeping by an unrelated third party.
The Bank has an approved FHLB line of credit, of which $5.5 million was available at December 31, 1994, based on the collateral pledged. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, $11.4 million and $6.4 million of loans and securities are pledged as collateral against other borrowings. The Bank is required to hold FHLB stock as a condition for maintaining its line of credit.
The Bank's other borrowings included senior liens of other real estate owned. The rates and terms of these borrowings vary. As of December 31, 1994, there was no outstanding balance in real estate owned securing the senior liens.
Note 13: Income Taxes
The provision (benefit) for Federal and state income taxes consists of:
The provision for state taxes for 1994, 1993 and 1992 consists of the minimum amount of franchise taxes due.
In 1992, during which period the Company accounted for income taxes under the deferred method as described in APB Opinion No. 11, deferred taxes arose from timing differences in the recognition of revenues and expenses for tax and financial reporting purposes. The tax effects of the principal items resulting in deferred tax expense (benefit) were the difference between:
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 1994 and 1993 are presented below:
The Bank provided a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as the utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards and rehabilitation and minimum tax credit carryforwards may be limited on an annual basis under current tax law due to the change in ownership in 1992 and possible changes in ownership in future years.
The total tax provision (benefit) differs from the statutory Federal rates for the reasons shown in the following table:
At December 31, 1994 and 1993, there is no deferred income tax receivable.
The tax benefits reported in 1992 were attributable to the Company's ability to carryback net operating losses for 1992 against net operating income of prior periods. Because the Company has utilized all of its ability to carryback net operating losses, much of the 1994, 1993, and 1992 losses, and future losses, if any, must be carried forward to offset future net operating income. In addition, the actual benefit rate may be less than the current statutory rate due to tax differentials and the alternative minimum tax. As of December 31, 1994, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $39.0 million which expire in 2007 and onwards, and for California tax purposes of approximately $24.0 million, which expire in 1997, 1998, and 1999. The Company has rehabilitation tax credits carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $250,000, which expire in 2004 and 2005. In addition, the Company has minimum tax credits of approximately $230,000 which have no expiration.
Note 14: Shareholders' Equity (See Note 2: Impairment Orders)
The capital infusion by the Company's controlling stockholder in 1994, 1993 and 1992 was $20.0 million, $12.0 million and $20.0 million, respectively. The capital for 1994 was raised from the issuance of 3,521,126 shares of Class A common stock at $5.68 per share. The capital for 1993 and 1992 was raised from the issuance of shares of Series C Perpetual Preferred Shares (Series C Preferred Shares) at twenty dollars ($20.00) per share. The Series C Preferred Shares were converted in to Class A Common shares in 1994.
Description of Capital Stock
The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 40,000,000 Class A Shares, par value $0.01 per share and 2,500,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, of which 437,500 are designated as Series B Preferred Shares. The remainder are not designated.
In accordance with the Agreement and the Orders, the Company and the Bank are prohibited from paying dividends without the prior written consent or approval of the FDIC, the Superintendent of Banks and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
On July 25, 1994, the Company issued 3,521,126 shares of Class A Common Stock, and warrants to purchase an additional 3,521,126 shares with an exercise price for each share of $10.00 to its principal shareholder in its closing of a private stock offering for $20.0 million in capital. The price per unit was $5.68. Each unit sold under the private placement includes a Risk Protection Right (RPR). Under the RPR, additional Class A Common Stock will be issued to the holder of each RPR if a net loss is incurred on certain specified assets or as the result of losses, incurred related to certain litigation actions. The RPR will effectuate this risk allocation by compensating the holder with additional shares of Class A Common Stock (Adjustment Shares) up to a maximum number of shares per RPR without the payment of additional consideration. This compensation will be effected through periodic distributions of Adjustment Shares. Adjustment Shares will be issued to compensate for net Losses, net charge-offs and expenses on certain specified assets (Specified Assets) and the lawsuit that was settled for $2.0 million during July 1994 up to a cumulative amount of $16.0 million. The maximum number of Class A Common shares to be issued is 9,723,000. As a result of the losses incurred in 1994, the maximum number of Adjustment Shares would have been issued at December 31, 1994 as a result of the losses incurred in 1994.
Description of Class A Common Stock
As of December 31, 1994 there were 5,766,008 Class A Shares outstanding out of a total of 40,000,000 shares authorized. During 1994, the Shareholders of Company approved to reclassification of all Class B Common Stock as and into class A Common Stock. The Series B Preferred Shares, which were convertible into shares of the Class B Common Stock at the option of the holders thereof are now convertible to Class A Common Stock. The reclassification is not deemed by the Company to alter or change any of the relative powers, preferences or special rights of the holders of the Class B Preferred Stock.
Dividends
Subject to the rights and preferences of any preferred stock outstanding, each Class A Share Common Stock is entitled to receive dividends if, as and when declared by the Board of Directors of the Company. Subject to the rights of the Series B Preferred Shares and the Series C Preferred Shares, dividends must be paid on the Class A Shares Common Stock, together with the Series B Preferred Shares and the Series C Preferred Shares, at any time that dividends are paid on either. Any dividend so declared and payable in cash, capital stock of the Company or other property will be paid equally, share for share, on the Class A Common Stock, Series B Preferred Shares, Series C Preferred Shares and on any other participating series of preferred stock issued in the future; provided, however, that the Company may issue dividends consisting solely of its Class A Shares on the Class A Shares of Common Stock.
Liquidation Rights
In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of the Class A Common Stock are entitled to share equally, share for share, in the assets available for distribution, subject to the liquidation
preferences of the Series B Preferred Shares and Series C Preferred Shares and the rights of any other class or series of preferred stock then outstanding.
Description of Preferred Stock
The Board of Directors of the Company is authorized by the Certificate of Incorporation to provide for the issuance of one or more series of preferred stock. The Board of Directors has the power to fix various terms with respect to each such series, including voting powers, designations, preferences, dividend rates, conversion and exchange provisions, redemption provisions, and the amounts which holders are entitled to receive upon any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Company. To date the Board of Directors has authorized only the issuance of the Series B Preferred Shares and the Series C Preferred Shares. Pursuant to the Amended Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws were amended to provide that additional securities, including additional shares of any class of preferred stock, can be issued only if unanimously approved by the Board of Directors or by stockholders holding a majority of the voting power of the Company.
Voting Rights
Holders of Class A Common Stock (when and if issued) are entitled to one vote per share. Except as described below, holders of Class A vote together with holders of the Company's Series B Preferred Shares and Series C Preferred Shares, on all matters including the election of directors. The Board of Directors is presently authorized to have 14 members. The Board of Directors is a classified Board with staggered terms providing for a maximum of three classes of directors, which are as nearly equal in number as possible, and with one class elected each year for a maximum term of three years. Holders of Class A Common Stock are not entitled to vote cumulatively for the election of directors.
The holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to vote as separate classes on any modification to the rights of either class of stock and as otherwise required by law. As part of the transactions contemplated by the Amended Stock Purchase Agreement, the stockholders of the Company eliminated multiple voting rights of the Series B Preferred Shares.
Description of Series B Preferred Stock
The Company issued the Series B Preferred Shares during 1988. As of December 31, 1994, there were 16,291 Series B Preferred Shares outstanding.
Dividends
Holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to receive, when funds of the Company are legally available for payment, an annual cash dividend of Fifty-Six Cents ($0.56) per share, payable quarterly in January, April, July and October of each year. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Shares are cumulative.
Payment of dividends on the Series B Preferred Shares shall be junior to payment of dividends at the stated rate of all other series of preferred stock that the Company may issue in the future and that are designated senior to the Series B Preferred Shares. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Shares will be declared and paid or set apart for payment in full for all previous dividend periods (i) before the payment or setting apart of any funds or assets for the payment of any dividends on the Class A Common Stock or any other class of stock, except preferred stock ranking on a parity with or senior to the Series B Preferred Shares, and (ii) before any purchase or other acquisition for value of any Class A Common Stock or any future class of stock except preferred stock ranking on a parity with or senior to the Series B Preferred Shares; provided, however, that the Company may issue dividends consisting of its Class A Shares on the Class A Shares.
After payment of dividends at the stated rate on all series of preferred stock that the Company may issue in the future and that are designated senior to the Series B Preferred Shares and on any other preferred stock of the Company that is on a parity with the Series B Preferred Shares, and payment of dividends at the stated rate on the Series B Preferred Shares, holders of the Series B Preferred Shares will participate pro rata with the holders of Class A Common Stock and Series C Preferred Shares, on the basis of number of shares owned, in all other dividends by the Company to its stockholders, except that, as noted above, the Company may issue dividends consisting solely of its Class A Shares on the Class A Shares.
Liquidation Rights
In the event of any liquidation, dissolution, receivership, bankruptcy, or winding up of the Company, voluntarily or involuntarily, the holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to receive the sum of Seven Dollars ($7.00) per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon, before any distributions will be made to the holders of the Class A Common Stock or any other class of stock junior in preference upon liquidation, but after or concurrent with distributions to be made at the stated rate on preferred stock of any series ranking on a parity with or senior in preference upon liquidation to the Series B Preferred Shares, and will be entitled to no other distribution.
Conversion
The holders of Series B Preferred Shares are entitled at any time to convert their Series B Preferred Shares into Class A Common Stock of the Company at the conversion ratio of one Series B Preferred Share convertible into one-tenth of one share of Class A Common Stock, upon payment of a conversion fee of Seven Dollars ($7.00) per share, subject to adjustment under certain conditions.
Prior to the reclassification of the Class B Common Stock, the Amended Stock Purchase Agreement required that at least 90% of the Series B Preferred Shares be converted into Class A Shares on a share-for-share basis. Holders of 408,865 Series B Preferred Shares so converted on July 13, 1992, and a total of 420,909 Series B Preferred Shares had been so converted as of December 31, 1992. Three hundred shares converted during 1994. The remaining shares outstanding at December 31, 1994 are 16,291.
Voting Rights
The holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to one vote per Series B Preferred Share on all matters on which shareholders are entitled to vote. Holders of the Series B Preferred Shares have full voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the holders of the Class A Common Stock. Holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to vote generally for the election of directors and vote with the holders of the Class A Common Stock and Series C Preferred Shares as a single class, except that the holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to vote as a class on any modification to the rights of the Series B Preferred Shares and otherwise as required by law.
Description of Stock Option Plans
Prior to 1994, the Company had various stock option plans which provided for the issuance of up to 20,000 Class A Common Shares. The stock option plans expired by their terms in January 1992 except that options granted prior to that date remain in effect and exercisable during the term of the options. Generally, options were granted at a price not less than the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant, were exercisable in increments of 40%
after two years after the date of the grant and 20% each year thereafter, and expire ten years after the date of the grant.
Outstanding stock options for the purchase of 50 shares exercisable at $100.00, 1,423 shares exercisable at $80.00 and 600 shares exercisable at $72.50 were outstanding at December 31, 1994.
During 1994, the Company's shareholders approved two new stock option plans; the 1993 Executive Stock Option Plan ("Executive Plan") and the 1993 Non-employee Directors Stock Option Plan ("Director Plan").
Executive Plan
Options under the Executive Plan may be granted to key employees and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Executive Plan will cover a total of 1,100,000 shares of Class A Common Stock. The number of shares granted is subject to adjustment to prevent dilution. The exercise price of options must be at least the fair market value of the shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock as of the date the option is granted. As of December 31, 1994, shares granted under the Executive Plan total 188,022 with an average exercise price of $10.00. None of the options have been exercised.
The executive employment agreement for certain officers provide that certain officers shall be granted options to acquire shares of Class A Common Stock under the Executive Plan equal to 8% of the fully-diluted shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock, with additional shares to be issued in the future to maintain the 8% ratio. The effective dates of the initial grant of options for certain officers are September 30, 1993 and October 1, 1994. Based on the current capitalization of the Company, certain officers received options to purchase 501,392 shares of the Company, as of December 31, 1994.
Director Plan
Options under the Directors' Plan may be granted to non-executive directors of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Directors' Plan will cover a total of 50,000 shares of Class A Common Stock. The number of shares granted is subject to adjustment to prevent dilution. The exercise price of options must be at least the fair market value of the shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock as of the date the option is granted. As of April 1, 1994, shares granted under the Directors' Plan total 12,500 with an average exercise price of $30.00. Each non-employee director serving on each subsequent April 1 shall automatically be granted additional options to acquire up to 1,250 shares of Class A Common Stock. None of the options have been exercised.
Note 15: Regulation
In accordance with FIRREA, the FRB and the FDIC established capital regulations requiring the Company and Bank to maintain minimum: (i) tier 1 capital equal to 4% of total assets, as defined; (ii) tier 1 capital equal to 4% of risk-weighted assets; and (iii) total capital, as defined, equal to 8% of risk-weighted assets, as defined.
The following table sets forth the Company's and the Bank's capital ratios compared to minimum capital requirements as of December 31, 1994 and the requirements contained in the Orders:
The FDICIA requires each federal banking agency to implement prompt corrective actions for institutions that it regulates. In response to this requirement, the FDIC adopted final rules, effective for December 19, 1992, based upon FDICIA's five capital tiers: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized. Under FDICIA, the FDIC is required to take supervisory action against financial institutions that are not deemed either well capitalized or adequately capitalized. The rules generally provide that a bank is adequately capitalized if its total risk-based capital ratio is 8% or greater, its Tier 1 capital to risk based assets is 4% or greater, its leverage ratio is 4% or greater, and the financial institution is not subject to a capital directive. See "Note 3. Subsequent Event -- Capital Contribution".
The Bank's failure to meet minimum regulatory requirements as of December 31, 1994, resulted in the imposition of operating restrictions pursuant to the prompt corrective action provisions of FDIC Improvement Act (FDICIA). See Note 2: Regulatory Orders and Going Concern Considerations.
Note 16: Employee Benefit Plans
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
The Company has established an Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP") for the benefit of its employees. During 1985, the ESOP borrowed $500,000 from a third party financial institution at a floating rate based upon 90% of the institution's current prime rate. Repayment of the principal occurred in seven annual installments of $71,000 through June 30, 1992 and was completed as scheduled. The proceeds from this borrowing, which was not guaranteed by the Company, were used to purchase 5,208 Class A Shares at a price of $160.00 per share. During 1988, the ESOP established a loan for $650,000 from a third party financial institution at a floating rate based upon 95% of the current prime rate. At December 31, 1988, the ESOP had drawn $325,000 from this loan. Repayment of the principal is scheduled in quarterly payments of $23,000 through March 31, 1995. Payment on this loan started in the fourth quarter of 1988. The proceeds from the borrowing were used to purchase 1,429 shares of the Company's Series B Preferred Shares at a price of $140.00 per share, and to purchase the Company's Class A Shares throughout 1988. The stock purchased is pledged as collateral for the loan. During 1989, the ESOP drew the remaining $325,000 from this loan. The proceeds from the borrowing were used to purchase 2,500 shares of the Company's Class A Shares at a price of $100.00 per share. During 1994 and 1993, the ESOP did not purchase any shares of the Company's stock.
The Company has determined that its contribution to the ESOP will be sufficient to cover the yearly debt service on the ESOP's borrowings. At December 31, 1994, the Company had provided a total of approximately $1.9 million in contributions to the ESOP since its inception in 1985. During 1994, 1993 and 1992, the Company contributed $130,000, $120,000, and $240,000, respectively, to the ESOP.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company's Board of Directors adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") for the benefit of substantially all employees in March 1990, which was approved by the Company's stockholders in July 1990.
A total of 1,250 shares of the Company's Class A Shares have been made available for purchase under the Plan, and a total of 1,250 shares of Class A Shares have been made available for matching awards under the Plan. The purchase price of the shares available under the Plan is the lesser of (i) 85% of the fair market value of such
shares on the first day of the purchase period, or (ii) 85% of the fair market value of such shares on the last day of such purchase period.
At December 31, 1994, the Company had outstanding 364 Class A Shares under the ESPP, approximately 2.0% of which represented matching shares. At December 31, 1993, the Company had outstanding 429 Class A Shares under the ESPP. The Company's Board of Directors suspended this Plan as of December 31, 1991.
Employee 401K Plan
The Company provides a 401k plan for its employees. The Company provides matching contributions up to 2% of the employees qualifying earnings. During 1994, 1993, and 1992, the Company included $42,000, $81,000 and $90,000, respectively in non-interest expense in order to recognize contributions to the 401k Plan.
Note 17: Commitments and Contingencies
Lending and Letter of Credit Commitments
In the normal course of its business, the Bank has entered into various commitments to extend credit which are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements. Over 90% of such commitments consist of the undisbursed balance on personal and commercial lines of credit and of undisbursed funds on construction and development loans. At December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Bank had outstanding loan commitments, which are primarily adjustable rates, totaling approximately $16.3 million and $29.6 million, respectively. In addition, the Bank had outstanding letters of credit, which represent guarantees of obligations of Bank customers, totaling $10.4 million and $12.1 million at December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. The actual liquidity needs or the credit risk that the Company will experience will be lower than the contractual amount of commitments to extend credit because a significant portion of these commitments is expected to expire without being drawn upon. The Bank's outstanding loan commitments are made using the same underwriting standards as comparable outstanding loans. The credit risk associated with these commitments is considered in management's determination of the allowance for loan losses.
Litigation
Because of the nature of its business, the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Bank, are from time-to-time, a party to legal actions. At December 31, 1994, the Company and/or the Bank are defendants in certain lawsuits for which the damages sought are substantial as described below.
Presently, the Bank is involved in several lawsuits. In the first lawsuit, BSFRI is named as a defendant and has been served with a cross-complaint for indemnity in a deficiency judgement with respect to a first deed of trust on a property owned by a limited partnership. The plaintiff under the cross complaint is seeking damages in the amount of $5.0 million, and unspecified punitive damages. BSFRI was once a limited partner in the partnership but became a secured lender of the partnership under a second deed of trust, at which time BSFRI was given a release for any liability. The Bank believes it has meritorious defenses to the cross-claim and will contest any allocation of liability to it if defendants are found liable for any deficiency.
In the second lawsuit, the Bank has been named a defendant in an action brought in Florida by the institutional purchaser of a block of loans from the Bank, alleging failure of the Bank to properly perform a credit check for one of the loans. The plaintiff is seeking approximately $155,000 it allegedly lost when the loan defaulted. The Bank is defending the matter vigorously and believes it has meritorious defenses. In addition, the Bank has been threatened with arbitration proceedings by another institutional purchaser in connection with a $750,000 principal amount loan purchased from the Bank on the sale of its former Sacramento branch. The institutional purchaser contends that the Bank breached the sale agreement by failing to notify the purchaser of the downgrading of the loan and the release of certain collateral. The Bank denies that it has breached the sale agreement.
The Bank is currently involved in two lawsuits which were brought by former employees of the Bank; one former employee has alleged discrimination and wrongful termination. The other former employee alleges wrongful termination. The former employees have sought unspecified damages.
The Bank has denied these allegations and is vigorously defending these proceedings. The disposition of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or results of operation, however, management cannot predict the specific outcome of these actions. Accordingly, the accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of the uncertainties.
The Bank has reached settlement or potential settlement in numerous other litigation or potential litigation matters. In some instances the Bank has agreed to make certain payments. As a result of the settlement or potential settlement of certain lawsuits, the Company established a litigation reserve of $536,500 as of December 31, 1994.
The Company and the Bank intend to pursue their rights under an indemnification agreement with Mr. Donald R. Stephens, a former Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company who resigned in 1993, pursuant to which Mr. Stephens is required to provide indemnification in respect of certain expenses related to actions brought by a former employee.
The jury ruled in favor of the Bank on another lawsuit where the plaintiffs were seeking compensatory damages in an amount of $6.0 million, and unspecified punitive damages. The plaintiffs were claiming breach of an alleged joint venture agreement, and of other duties owed to the plaintiffs, arising from the Bank's foreclosure on a series of loans made to the plaintiffs by the Bank in connection with the development of an 800 acre parcel of land.
Other Contingencies
During 1993, the Bank transferred a loan with a carrying value of $1.6 million collateralized by commercial real estate to in-substance foreclosure. The collateral securing this loan requires seismic upgrading and may be located on property containing hazardous materials. During 1994, the asset was charged off.
Note 18: Related Party Transactions
In the ordinary course of business, the Bank makes loans to directors, officers, shareholders and their associates on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as in comparable loan transactions with unaffiliated persons, and such loans do not involve more than the normal risk of collection. The following table sets forth the activity related to loans to directors, officers and principal shareholders and their associates for the year ended December 31, 1994:
The Company accounts for its investment in BSFBC, a California limited partnership, using the equity method. Condensed statements of financial condition and operations of BSFBC at December 31 are as follows:
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (UNAUDITED)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
The Bank's and BSFRI's equity in the operating results of BSFBC in 1994, 1993 and 1992 was approximately a loss of $264,000, and earnings of $263,000, $202,000, respectively. Such income is included in the Bank's other income in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 19: Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following disclosures of the estimated fair value of financial instruments are made in accordance with the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107 "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments" (SFAS No. 107). The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgement is necessarily required to interpret market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amount the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.
The carrying amount and estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments at December 31 are as follows:
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each major classification of financial instruments at December 31, 1994 and 1993:
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Current carrying amounts approximate estimated fair value.
TIME DEPOSITS WITH OTHER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: Due to the short term nature of time deposits with other financial institutions (original maturities of 90 days or less), current carrying amounts approximate market.
INVESTMENT SECURITIES HELD-TO-MATURITY AND AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE: For securities held-to-maturity and available-for-sale, current market prices were used to determine fair value.
LOANS RECEIVABLE: The carrying amount of loans is net of unearned fee income and the reserve for possible losses. To estimate fair value of the Company's loans, primarily adjustable rate, commercial and real estate secured loans, each loan collateral type is segmented into categories based on fixed or adjustable interest rate terms, maturity, estimated credit risk, and accrual status. The fair value of loans is calculated by discounting cash flows expected to be received through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan. The estimate of maturity is based on the Bank's historical experience with repayments for each loan classification, modified, as required, by an estimate of the effect of current economic and lending factors.
DEPOSIT LIABILITIES: The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as non-interest bearing demand deposits, savings and NOW accounts, and money market and checking accounts, is equal to the amount payable on demand as of December 31, 1994. The fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
BORROWED FUNDS: Due to the terms of these borrowings, current carrying amounts approximate estimated fair value. A total of $4.0 million matures in January 1995.
OFF BALANCE SHEET INSTRUMENTS: The estimated fair value of off balance sheet instruments, principally letters of credit and loan commitments, is approximately the face value of commitment fees collected.
Note 20: The San Francisco Company
Condensed statements of financial condition and operations of The San Francisco Company at December 31 are as follows:
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Note 21: Quarterly Information (Unaudited)
The following table sets forth the condensed operating results of the Company for each quarter of the two year periods ending December 31, 1994, and is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed information and financial statements contained elsewhere in this report:
ITEM 9
ITEM 9 - CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10
ITEM 10 - DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by this Item will be furnished in the Company's definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11
ITEM 11 - EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item will be furnished in the Company's definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12
ITEM 12 - SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information required by this Item will be furnished in the Company's definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13
ITEM 13 - CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this Item will be furnished in the Company's definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 14
ITEM 14 - EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) 1. List of documents filed as a part of the report.
The following financial statements are included in Item 8 of this report:
Report of Independent Public Accountants;
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1994 and 1993;
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993, and 1992;
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992;
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992;
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2. Financial Statement Schedules
All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or not required, or because the required information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the notes thereto.
3. List of Exhibits (numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K):
Exhibit 3.1 Certificate of Incorporation of Bank of San Francisco (Delaware) Holding Company, dated June 23, 1988 (1)
Exhibit 3.2 Agreement and Plan of Merger of Bank of San Francisco (Delaware) Holding Company, a Delaware corporation and Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, a California Corporation, dated June 24, 1988 (1)
Exhibit 3.3 Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, dated May 22, 1989 (1)
Exhibit 3.4 Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, dated September 21, 1989 (1)
Exhibit 3.5 Bylaws of Bank of San Francisco (Delaware) Holding Company, dated June 23, 1988 (1)
Exhibit 3.6 First Amendment to Bylaws of Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, dated July 19, 1989 (1)
Exhibit 3.7 Second Amendment to Bylaws of Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, dated June 6, 1990 (1)
Exhibit 3.8 Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, dated May 23, 1994 (10)
Exhibit 3.9 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of The San Francisco Company, dated May 23, 1994 (10)
Exhibit 4.1 Certificate of Designations of Rights, Preferences, Privileges and Restrictions of 8% Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, dated July 28, 1988 (1)
Exhibit 4.2 Amended Certificate of Designations of Rights, Preferences, Privileges and Restrictions of 7% Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, dated October 7, 1988 (1)
Exhibit 4.3 Certificate of Correction of Certificate of Incorporation, dated June 18, 1990 (1)
Exhibit 10.1 Sales agreement dated October 23, 1986 between Bank of San Francisco Realty Investors (BSFRI) and Bank of America with respect to the lease on 550 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California (2)
Exhibit 10.2 Lease dated November 1, 1960 between The Lurie Company and Bank of America, with respect to premises at 550 Montgomery Street (2)
Exhibit 10.3 Consent to Assignment of Lease, dated October 8, 1986, between The Lurie Company and Bank of San Francisco and Bank of San Francisco Realty Investors, with respect to premises at 550 Montgomery Street (2)
Exhibit 10.4 Assignment of Lease, dated October 17, 1986, by Bank of America to Bank of San Francisco and Bank of San Francisco Realty Investors, with respect to premises at 550 Montgomery Street (2)
Exhibit 10.5 Nominee Agreement between Bank of San Francisco Realty Investors and 550 Partners, with respect to premises at 550 Montgomery Street (2)
Exhibit 10.6 Partnership Agreement, dated October 23, 1986, by and among Bank of San Francisco, Bank of San Francisco Realty Investors, and D.R. Stephens Separate Property Trust, with respect to 550 Montgomery Street (2)
Exhibit 10.7 Lease dated May 1, 1987, between Bank of San Francisco Building Company and Bank of San Francisco with respect to premises at 550 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California (Bank Space and Office Space Leases) (3)
Exhibit 10.8 Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company Employee Stock Ownership Plan, restated and amended as of January 1, 1989 (1)
Exhibit 10.9 Agreement dated January 17, 1990 between Bank of San Francisco and Rogers, Casey & Associates, Inc. with respect to investment consulting services (1)
Exhibit 10.10 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (4)
Exhibit 10.11 Letter Agreement with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Board, dated April 21, 1989 (1)
Exhibit 10.12 Escrow Agreement dated December 31, 1990 between Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company and Bank of San Francisco with respect to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (5)
Exhibit 10.13 Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (5)
Exhibit 10.14 Amended and Restated Indemnification Agreements dated October 29, 1991 between Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company and each director and executive officer of the Company (7)
Exhibit 10.15 Indemnification Agreement dated November 25, 1991 between Bank of San Francisco and each director and executive officer of the Bank (8)
Exhibit 10.16 Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of April 10, 1992 between Bank of San Francisco Company Holding and Peninsula Holdings (9)
Exhibit 10.17 First amendment to Stock Purchase Agreement dated May 14, 1992 between Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company and Putra Masagung (9)
Exhibit 10.18 Second amendment to Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 18, 1992 between Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company and Putra Masagung (9)
Exhibit 10.19 Agreement Respecting Assignment, Assumption, Consent and Amendments dated as of May 8, 1992 among Bank of San Francisco Company Holding Company, Peninsula Holdings and Putra Masagung (10)
Exhibit 10.20 Subscription Agreement dated as of October 29, 1992 between Bank of San Francisco Holding Company and Putra Masagung (10)
Exhibit 10.21 First Amendment of Bank Space and Office Space lease, dated July 8, 1992 between Bank of San Francisco and Bank of San Francisco Building Company, with respect to premises at 550 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California (10)
Exhibit 10.22 Employment Agreements dated October 1, 1994 between Mr. Gilleran and The San Francisco Company and the Bank of San Francisco. *
Exhibit 10.23 The San Francisco Company 1993 Executive Stock Option Plan (11)
Exhibit 10.24 The San Francisco Company 1993 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan (11)
Exhibit 21 Subsidiaries of registrant (6)
Exhibit 27 Financial Data Schedule *
--------------------------- Footnotes to List of Exhibits:
* Indicates filed herewith.
(1) Incorporated by reference from the exhibits included with the Registrant's Form S-2 Registration Statement (Registration No. 33-34985), previously filed with the Commission.
(2) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1986, previously filed with the Commission.
(3) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1987, previously filed with the Commission.
(4) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included with the Company's Form S-8 Registration Statement (Registration No. 33-35649), previously filed with the Commission.
(5) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1990, previously filed with the Commission.
(6) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included with the Company's Annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1990, previously filed with the Commission.
(7) Identical agreements have been signed by each executive officer and director of the Company.
(8) Identical agreements have been signed by each executive officer and director of the Bank.
(9) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included with the Company's Proxy Statement for the Special Meeting of Stockholders' held on June 25, 1992, previously filed with the Commission.
(10) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included with the Company's Annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1992, previously filed with the Commission.
(11) Incorporated by reference from exhibits included with the Company's Proxy Statement for the Special Meeting of Stockholders' held on May 23, 1994, previously filed with the Commission.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K filed in the fourth quarter of 1994:
None
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
THE SAN FRANCISCO COMPANY
By: /s/ James E. Gilleran ---------------------------- James E. Gilleran Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Date: April 20, 1995 --------------
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date --------- ----- ----
/s/ James E. Gilleran Chairman of the Board and April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- James E. Gilleran Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Steven R. Champion Director April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- Steven R. Champion
/s/ Donna Miller Casey Director April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- Donna Miller Casey
/s/ David R. Holbrooke Director April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- David R. Holbrooke, M.D.
/s/ Willard D. Sharpe Director April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- Willard D. Sharpe
/s/ Gordon B. Swanson Director April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- Gordon B. Swanson
/s/ Kent D. Price Director April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- Kent D. Price
/s/ Nicholas Unkovic Director April 20, 1995 - - ------------------------- -------------- Nicholas Unkovic
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit 10.22 Employment Agreement dated October 1, 1994 between Mr. Gilleran and The San Francisco Company and the Bank of San Francisco.
Exhibit 27 Financial Data Schedule.