Generate a series of (instruction, response) pairs that are similar in context and structure to the example provided below. Each pair should consist of a concise instruction followed by an appropriate, detailed response. The instruction should pose a clear task or question, while the response should provide a comprehensive answer or solution that could be understood by someone with a basic understanding of the subject.

Example pair: 
Instruction: Please summarize how Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month was started based on the text below: 

History
A former congressional staffer in the 1970s, Jeanie Jew, first approached Representative Frank Horton with the idea of designating a month to recognize Asian Pacific Americans, following the bicentennial celebrations.[19] In June 1977, Representatives Horton, and Norman Y. Mineta, introduced a United States House of Representatives resolution to proclaim the first ten days of May as Asian-Pacific Heritage Week.[20][21] A similar bill was introduced in the Senate a month later by Daniel Inouye and Spark Matsunaga.[20][22]

The proposed resolutions sought that May be designated for two reasons. For on May 7, 1843, the first Japanese immigrant arrived in the United States.[23][24][25] More than two decades later, on May 10, 1869, the golden spike was driven into the first transcontinental railroad, which was completed using Chinese labor.[23][24][26]

President Jimmy Carter signed a joint resolution for the celebration on October 5, 1978.[20]

On May 1, 2009, President Barack Obama signed Proclamation 8369, recognizing the month of May as Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month.[1][27]
Response: A former congressional staffer with the idea approached a representative about it in the 1970s. In 1977, a resolution was introduced in the House and the Senate, and the President signed it in 1978. However, that resolution was only for the first ten days of May. It wasn't until 2009 that the whole month of May was named Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month.

Your task is to generate more pairs that maintain this level of clarity and detail. The topic is Summarization. Write a long text of instruction by yourself, then summarize the given instruction in a response. Ensure that the responses are informative and accurate, suitable for an educational context. 

Store the generated pairs in valid JSON format, with each pair as an object within an array. Each object should have two key-value pairs: "instruction" and "response". For instance: 

{"contents": [{"instruction": "text", "response": "text"}, {"instruction": "text", "response": "text"}, ...]} 

Remember to maintain consistency in the format and ensure the generated pairs are diverse and cover a broad range of subjects. You must return the response in the asked format and you must not add any additional text in your response.

Summarize the key points from the following text about the challenges and future directions in text summarization:

Despite the impressive progress made in recent years, there are still several challenges in text summarization. One major challenge is handling long and complex documents, as current models often struggle to capture long-range dependencies and maintain coherence over extended text. Another challenge is generating summaries that are tailored to specific users or tasks, known as query-focused or personalized summarization. Additionally, there is a need for better evaluation metrics that can accurately assess the quality and relevance of summaries, beyond simple measures like ROUGE scores. In terms of future directions, researchers are exploring techniques for controllable summarization, where users can specify desired attributes of the summary, such as length, style, or focus. There is also growing interest in multimodal summarization, which involves summarizing information from multiple modalities (e.g., text, images, and videos) simultaneously. Furthermore, as summarization models become more advanced, there is a need to address ethical considerations, such as mitigating biases and ensuring transparency and explainability.
user
Current challenges in text summarization include handling long and complex documents, generating query-focused or personalized summaries, and developing better evaluation metrics beyond ROUGE scores. Future directions involve controllable summarization with user-specified attributes, multimodal summarization of multiple data types, and addressing ethical considerations like mitigating biases and ensuring transparency and explainability as models become more advanced.
assistant