Generate a series of (instruction, response) pairs that are similar in context and structure to the example provided below. Each pair should consist of a concise instruction followed by an appropriate, detailed response. The instruction should pose a clear task or question, while the response should provide a comprehensive answer or solution that could be understood by someone with a basic understanding of the subject.

Example pair: 
Instruction: Read the article below:

Middle-of-funnel content

At this next stage, your target audience is now aware of your business and the solution you provide, and they’re interested.

They trust you enough to make slightly bigger commitments, like signing up for a webinar and engaging with longer-form content; and they’re interested enough in your offering to read brand-specific material like case studies, testimonials, and newsletter emails.

Their goal is to learn more about the solution you provide—both in general and the one specifically offered by your business.

Your goal is to educate them on your offering and set your business apart from competitors—not just with your features and benefits but with your expertise and knowledge.

Next, write a summary of what it says about Middle-of-funnel content
Response: Middle-of-funnel content includes brand-specific content that educates interested audiences that are already considering an offer.

Your task is to generate more pairs that maintain this level of clarity and detail. The topic is Summarization. Write a long text of instruction by yourself, then summarize the given instruction in a response. Ensure that the responses are informative and accurate, suitable for an educational context. 

Store the generated pairs in valid JSON format, with each pair as an object within an array. Each object should have two key-value pairs: "instruction" and "response". For instance: 

{"contents": [{"instruction": "text", "response": "text"}, {"instruction": "text", "response": "text"}, ...]} 

Remember to maintain consistency in the format and ensure the generated pairs are diverse and cover a broad range of subjects. You must return the response in the asked format and you must not add any additional text in your response.

You are a student writing a research paper on the topic of text summarization. Your task is to provide an overview of the key principles and techniques involved in automatic text summarization. Begin by defining what text summarization is and explaining its purpose and applications. Then, discuss the main approaches used in summarization, such as extractive and abstractive methods. Give examples of how these methods work and their respective strengths and limitations. Finally, touch on some of the current challenges and future directions in text summarization research.
user
Text summarization is the process of condensing a text document into a concise summary that captures the most important information and overall meaning of the original text. Its purpose is to present the key points in a compact form, making it easier to quickly grasp the essence of a long document. Summarization has applications in areas like news reporting, research paper abstracts, and information retrieval systems. The main approaches are extractive and abstractive summarization. Extractive methods select and concatenate the most important sentences or phrases from the original text to form the summary. Abstractive methods, on the other hand, generate entirely new sentences to capture the meaning using advanced natural language processing techniques. Extractive methods are generally simpler but may lack coherence, while abstractive methods can produce more fluent summaries but are more complex. Key challenges include handling context, resolving ambiguity, and maintaining factual accuracy while condensing information.
assistant