According to Goldfield, Hoxie used the term to describe trade-consciousness, rather than class-consciousness; in other words, according to Hoxie, business unionists were advocates of "pure and simple" trade unionism, as opposed to class or revolutionary unionism.
In other words, according to Hoxie, business unionists were advocates of "pure and simple" trade unionism, as opposed to class or revolutionary unionism. According to Goldfield, Hoxie used the term to describe "trade-consciousness", rather than class-consciousness.
According to Goldfield, Hoxie used the term to describe "trade-consciousness", rather than class-consciousness. In other words, according to Hoxie, business unionists were advocates of "pure and simple" trade unionism, as opposed to class or revolutionary unionism.
According to Goldfield, Hoxie used the term to describe "trade-consciousness", rather than class-consciousness. In other words, according to Hoxie, business unionists were advocates of "pure and simple" trade unionism, as opposed to class or revolutionary unionism.