The Religious Multicultural Value in the Religiosity Experiences Found in Husni Djamaluddin's Poetries

Poetry is a literal work representing action and thought of the poet after interacting with both inner worlds, his/her thought, and outer worlds, phenomena. This research attempted to deliver an idea about a model of multicultural study by utilising the poetry texts as the data source. The research scope was limited to religious multicultural values; (1) personal freedom, (2) sacriﬁce, and (3) uncontrolled sexual desire (adultery). Multicultural is one way to understand the diversity. There is a connection between the religiosity and divinity. Being religious is also about how human communicates with their creator, God. This research was a qualitative where the data were words, lines, and paragraphs in the chosen poetries. The data were subjected to analysis of Ricoeur hermeneutic approach. Husni Djamaluddin asserted that that freedom is always bonded with obligation. Sacriﬁce refers to the essence of kindness and greatness of all creatures. The awareness of each individual as the organic part of the society that must obey the customary law, religion law, and national law is the main key to prevent the uncontrolled lust release in the community.

INTRODUCTION
The word valuein English is synonymous with valere in Latin, and valoir in Old French, which means preciousness or goodness (Mulyana, 2004:7). If it is understood in a specific context, value is something phenomenal and very unique to the human life. It is phenomenal because not all people agree to have similar way to define value. Each person may not give similar value to the similar observed object. For example, two women are offered golden bracelet. They may value this jewellery differently. One says that it is beautiful and she insists on having it, while the other denies it due to its model, and refuses to possess it. Iskandar (1998:864) noted that values represent a degree, quality, level, thought, religion, and community. Value is highly meaningful, worthy, important, and needed in the human life. Gazalba (1998;33) said that values were considerably precious by a person a group of people. Ali ibn Abi Thalin, The Prophet Mohammad's companion (in al-Qarni, 2008:178) said that the human value remained in the good deeds. In other words, the knowledge that human possesses along with politeness, piety, generosity, and morality are the actual values describing a person rather than the human face, style, and social status. The God has declared in the Qur'an (in Chapter of Al-Baqarah: 221) that " indeed, slave who is a believer is better than she who believes in polytheist even though she is attractive to you. In the Islamic context, the poet religion, believing in God is a very good deed. The word "multicultural" is derived from two words, multi and culture. Suffix -ismwas added to this word resulting in multiculturalism. Mahfud (2006:75) asserted that the meaning of multiculturalism is to respect the dignity of human kind who lives in the community with the different unique culture they possess. Every individual must be recognized as the member of their community, and responsible to live hood of the community. Community denial on the need of being recognised (the politics of recognition) can be the root of social disorder. Maryaeni (2013;132) observed that multiculturalism contained noble values, that must be preserved and considered for daily practice. Liliweri (2003) asserted that multiculturalism was made of many cultures professed by a community. Thus, community has to have good understanding about them. Also Suparlan (2009) noted that multiculturalism was an ideology stressing on recognition and appreciation to the equal standing of different cultures. It is supported by Ganap (2012:158) who said that the essence of multiculturalism is equality. Based on these concepts above, multiculturalism can then be understood as the result of an agreement, acceptance, and equality, from which the existence of different cultures professed by certain ethnic/tribe will be respected and considered of having noble values.
Religious is related to a belief in a religion. If it is linked to the word 'value' then it becomes religious value, it talks about how human has relationship with God and His creatures. Such value is often found in old literal works or ancient literatures. In many primitive communities, literal works were made for religious ceremonies. Throughout the history of humanity, literatures were liked with the dimension of religious values many times.
Religious value is a very complex issue because it concerns not only with God but also with the relationship among humans and the relationship between human and nature. In the Islamic perspective, the religious value concept is divided into three categories, (a) faith (iman), (b) Islam, and (c) virtue (ikhsan).
In this research, the word "religiosity "is not linked to one particular religion, Islam, because the meaning of being religious is general or even neutral. Indeed, religious is derived from the word of religion which means "bonding or submission, compliance and obedience". The submission and obedience are related to happiness. The happiness comes when a person seemingly is entering new world which is full of nobility (Drijarkarna N and James W. in Atmosuwito, 2010:123). Thus, the religious concept is general concept which is in line with multicultural concept.
Based on the overview above, the religious multicultural values must be general or universal. The religious multicultural value discussed in this paper as mentioned in the tittle means the religiosity experience. The term "religiosity experience" relates with social issues which are relevant to socio-community issues. It becomes the representation of the belief values on religion and religious attitudes control the harmony between person and other people, an individual and nature or environment. The religiosity experience encompasses three aspects; (1) personal freedom, (2) sacrifice, and (3) uncontrolled sexual desire. This paper is part of the author's doctoral thesis entitled Multicultural Values of Husni Djamaluddin Poetries' Texts Using Hermeneutic Study.
Three aspects above were examined in Husni Djamaluddin's poetries. These poetries then become the source of data. Husni Djamaluddin (HD) was a highly famous poet from South Sulawesi in Indonesia's literatures. Poets from South Sulawesi showed great appreciation to his works because of the deep and the sharp meaning of his works. Taufiq Ismail (in Yunus et al, 2004: 247) stated that the poets who were able to write a deep-meaning poetry were only those who have struggled intensively within physical and mental experiences. Ismail wrote a reflection by saying, "Thanks Husni, when can I follow your path to be with God alone?" Also, A. Moein MG (in Yunus et al, 2004;1) awarded Husni Djamaluddin a nickname "the Commander of Poetry" for his competence and diligence in composing the words into poetry, and also for his loyalty in writing poetries until his death. During his hospitalization at RSPAD Gatot Subroto, Jakarta, he wrote poetry. The tittle of the Poetry that he made just before his death was Death, before its Coming, and What People Say about conglomerate HPH. The following is the last poetry he made. Poetry is a literal work reflecting the action and the way of thinking of the poet after struggling with his/her thought or phenomena. This struggle can produce variety of values including those relating to philosophy, aesthetic, ethic and belief. It is consistent with Amir (1986;183) who said that good literal works would meet the demand for unity and integration of various values, including religious, philosophical, esthetical and ethical values. Of which, religious value is related to religiosity experience.

APA KATA RAKYAT TENTANG HPH KONGLOMERAT
There had been two studies relating to Husni Djamaluddin's works by Adri (2007) and Musayaadah (2010). The first one studied the semiotic analysis of the HD's poetries. The later researched the aesthetic values of HD's poetries. There has not studied yet regarding to religious multicultural values based on the religiosity experience in HD's works.
The previous studies did not study HD's views on diversity of South Sulawesi people. Furthermore, they studied one of HD's poetry entitled "Indonesia, Masihkah Engkau Tanah Airku?" it was cited from a set poetries which consisted of four poetries; Bulan Luka Parah, Berenang-Renang Ketepian, Namaku Toraja, dan Indonesia, Masikah Engkau Tanah Airku.
The current study aims at revealing the three multicultural concepts in HD's works. They are the concepts of freedom, sacrifice, and uncontrolled sexual desire.

APPROACH
Research data were obtained from words, lines, and paragraphs from the texts of Husni Djamaluddin poetries. They were adjusted with the paper focus. The focus was given upon texts in Husni Djamaluddin's poetries compilation that entitled Indonesia, Masikah Engkau Tanah Airku? These texs were read few times. The result of the reading was then followed with identification, classification, analysis and sense-making.
Referring to the used data then the research employed qualitative method. The approach used to reveal the meaning or value in Husni Djamaluddin's poetries was hermeneutic, Ricoeur hermeneutic. As noted by Ricoeur, hermeneutic was a theory about rules of interpreting texts, or defining signs or symbols considered as text (Suratno, 2005;105). Thus, hermeneutic will reveal the meaning behind symbols. Ricoeur (2006) stated that a text is autonomous or independent from the purpose of the author (because reader can use their own interpretation). Ricoeur hermeneutic involves estimations. One estimation predicts others. Texts contain inherent plurality of meanings which can be understood with various ways. Indeed, interpretation is an open process but it cannot be used arbitrarily or be changed easily. In deep interpretation, the interpreter enters the textual world, follows the meaning flow toward the other meaning (reference) and from internal structure to the projection world (Rafiek, 2010:6).
Ricoeur hermeneutic involves several steps. (1) First is the symbolical step or understanding symbols. (2) Second is giving meaning according to the symbols and finding out the deep meaning. (3) Final step is philosophical analysis, which involves thinking of something using symbols as the early departure point. All these steps are closely relating to linguistic comprehension, including semantics, reflexive, and existential or ontology (Sumaryono, 1999:111). These three steps must be helpful in revealing religious multicultural value of religiosity experience in Husni Djamaluddin poetries. Religiosity experience includes some aspects such as personal freedom, sacrifice and uncontrolled sexual desire. These aspects are explained as follows.

PERSONAL FREEDOM
HD's poetry in the following provides data about multicultural value in personal freedom aspect.

The Freedom That I Yearn For
The freedom that I yearn for It is not the freedom of shutting the doors of others' lives, stopping the thinking journey of others, shutting the voice of others whose voice and opinion are different, Teasing as sharp as razor blade, humiliating others.
It is the freedom to keep the greatness of human so wherever they are They live in prosperity, wealthy life and with dignity.
To understand and find out multicultural values in the poetry "Kemerdekaan yang aku rindukan". It can be done by finding out its information unit. It is the words in the sentence intentionally selected with instruments of enjambments and interpolation. Using these two instruments the information units can be described as following:

The Freedom That I Yearn For
/The freedom/ that I yearn for/ It is not the freedom of shutting the doors of others' lives/ stopping the thinking journey of others/ shutting the voice of others whose voice/ and opinion are different// Teasing as sharp as razor blade/ humiliating others// It is the freedom to keep the greatness of human/ so wherever they are They live in prosperity, wealthy life and with dignity// After marking poetry with enjambments and interpolation, there were three information units found with the sign (//) as negation sign or functioning as the end of sentence. It is similar to the sign (.) in the written language. To find out the semantic meaning of these 3 information units, the words or phrases in between the signs (/) the beginning of the sentence and (//)final sign of the sentence would be categorised into subjects and predicate as following.

Subject Predicate
Freedom that I yearn for, Is not freedom of shutting the doors of others' lives, stopping the thinking journey of others, stopping the voice of others whose voice and opinion are different.
(it is not the freedom of) teasing as sharp as razor blade, humiliating others.
It is (the freedom) to keep submility of human wherever they are, they live in prosperity, wealthy and with dignity.
Note: Words in parenthesis are shown (by interpolation) to imply information inscribed in the sentence Based on the abstraction above, the word "kemerdekaan" meaning freedom is put into subject category and referring to a semantic. This word is derived from the word "merdeka" in English equal to "free" and then it is added with prefix "ke" and suffix "an" which becomes "kemerdekaan" or freedom in English word. The word "merdeka" has denotative semantic which is synonymous with the word "bebas" meaning free soul or free society. Therefore, the semantic of the word "kemerdekaan" or freedom is related to the need for freedom of soul and society. Freedom as the need for the soul exists in the individual dimension, whereas freedom as the need for the society is relating to the collective (group) dimension.
Denotative semantic of the word "kemerdekaan" can be further explained that the need for freedom begins from individual dimension, but the daily practice of this need overlaps with collective dimension. Freedom in the individual dimension is the consequence of soul potential bestowed by God given a fact that every individual has right to have wills and plans to their lives and they also have rights to select proper actions to pursue both.
This reflection formulation offers useful guidance to find out the existence of freedom under justice perspective, either at individual or collective dimensions. In the poetry "Kemerdekaan yang Aku Rindukan" indicates the freedom existence as formulation of ideallity and chosen action.
Freedom comprehended as an ideality would be a philosophical formulation or verbal construct on individual. In the poetry, the ideal construct can be found in the semantic of words "Bukanlah" or is not and the word "adalah" or is(namely). Both words remain in the predicate because both give ideality demarcation. The word "bukan" (is not) is put into the category of disfavored ideality demarcation while the word "adalah" or is(namely) remains in the category of favored ideality demarcation. Regarding to the word freedom itself, Rasuanto (2005;46) said that freedom cannot be negotiated or compromised with the bigger social and economical interests. Freedom is the right of every individual. It is to say that freedom is the highest value for humanity.
The freedom existence as an elective choice of action is shown by some verbs in predicate category, such as: (1) shutting the doors of others, (2) stopping the mind of others, (3) stopping the voice of others whose voice and opinion are different, (4) teasing as sharp as razor blade, (5) humiliating others, and (6) keeping the greatness of human. Statement 1 to 4 follow the word "bukan" or is not and they are set into category of disavoredly chosen actions. Statement 5 follows the word "adalah" or is(namely) and enters the category of favoredly chosen action.
Semantic, reflective and existential perspectives for the word"kemerdekaan" are very useful modes to understand the multicultural value of justice and personal freedom. In this case, freedom remaining in the individual ideality -psychological aspect -must be manifested into the chosen actions -sociological aspect-which should not collide with ideality of other individuals. The ideality with the chosen action could be described as freedom attached with justice. It is said so because individual has two kinds of interests, self-interest and social-interest. Under sociological perspective, socialinterest precedes self-interest. Having said that the first thing binds an individual is an obligation and rights come after.
Husni Djamaluddin attempted to tell that freedom always came with an obligation. Thus, the application of the multicultural value of personal freedom in community should be in the state of understanding of the obligation and rights are two equal concept (Cardinas, 1975;131).

SACRIFICE
The following Husni Djamaluddin poetry provides data about multicultural value in a sacrifice aspect, giving charity.

Saat-saat Terakhir Muhammad Rasulullah
ada kulihat matamu berisyarat adakah gerangan yang ingin kau pesankan dalam jam-jam penghabisan wahai Nabi pilihan maka kuhampirkan telingaku yang kanan di mulutmu yang suci maka kudengar ucapan pelan: di bawah tikar masih tersisa sembilan dinar tolong sedekahkan sesegera mungkin kepada fakir miskin (Djamaluddin, 2004: 67) The English translation ,are left please donate as soon as possible to the poor Multicultural value of sacrifice is found in the poetry by discerning information unit. Information unit is words in the sentence that are selected intentionally with instrument of interpolation. As a result, the data are arranged as following. ,are left/ please donate/ as soon as possible/ to the poor// After marking the poetry with enjambments and interpolation, it indicates that four information units are given, the sign (//) as the negating sign or functioned as the end of sentence. It refers similarly to full stop (.) in the written language. To find out the four semantic meanings of these information units, the words or phrases in between the signs (/), the beginning of the sentence, and (//)final sign of the sentence, would be categorised into subjects and predicate as following.

Note: Words in parenthesis is shown (interpolation) to imply information inscribed in the sentence
Both words "I" and "you" are put into subject category. The word "I" has double semantic, to be precise it is the pronoun of first person (singular) representing Husni Djamaluddin as the poet. The word "you" also refers to double semantic, it is the pronoun of singular of second person representing the chosen Prophet. This poetry shows the religion of Husni Djamaluddin as Moslem. Therefore, the word you in the statement "your eyes signalling something" is addressed to the Prophet, Muhammad.
It is then known that semantic concerning with words I and you is inscribed into four information units. First information unit shows the spiritual experience of Husni Djamaluddin in seeing the sign transmitted on the Prophet's eyes at his agony. Second information unit is the semantic of Husni Djamaluddin's spiritual experience in taking his ear to the Prophet's holy lips. Third information unit concerns with semantic of Husni Djamaluddin's spiritual experience in listening to the message that there are nine coins left under the mat. Fourth information unit is a semantic of Husni Djamaluddin's spiritual experience showing that there is a message from the Prophet to give nine coins of dinar to the poor.
These four information units provide reflection that the essence of the prophet Muhammad's teaching of virtues is giving charity by the fortune people to the misfortune people. More or less misfortune and fortune persons are only complementary each other like the North and South Poles.
Result of this reflection indicates that the existence of people in the world is to give, not to ask. To be able to give on behalf of God, human must act giving goodness for themselves and other creatures. To give means to get. The result of semantic, reflexive and existential aspects analysis shows that Husni Djamaluddin attempts to persuade others or readers to understand that being a good person or good creature is not adequate by only worshipping God or thinking about self-interest, but also caring or sacrificing to other creatures. If you dream of being a good creature then you have to sacrifice. Oentoro (2011:111) stated that to be a good person, a sacrifice should be made.
Based on the semantic, reflexive, and existential aspects of the findings, it can be said that the multicultural value in the sacrifice dimension is applicable for all humans. In this context, sacrifice would be the essence of virtues and greatness. In other words, if you want to be kind and great person, then make sacrifice or give charity. It must be consistent with the proverb "to give is better than to ask".

UNCONTROLLED SEXUAL DESIRE
Husni Djamaluddin's poetry in the following contains multicultural value in the aspect of uncontrolled sexual desire.  (Djamaluddin, 2004:39) The English translation

The Story of A Cat and A Lady
A male cat with yellow stripes Renting a room for long time At a lady's house whose husband was studying in America and famous for her very active in social activities. Multicultural value in the poetry above is gained by observing the information units. Information units refer to words in the sentence intentionally selected with instrument of enjambments and interpolation. In this poetry, data of information units are arranged as following. When this poetry is subjected to enjambments and interpolation, there are six information units obtained, with the sign (//) as negation sign or signalling the end of the sentence. It has the same function of full stop (.) in the written language. The semantic of these six information units is comprehended by observing words or phrases between early sign (/) and final sign (//). All these words and phrases are set into subject and predicate categories.

Subject Predicate
A male cat with yellow stripes Ranting a room for long time, at a lady's house, whose husband was studying in America, and famous for her very active in social events.
The city clock was ticking, ticking normally, until one day, when the night spread allergy, of loneliness The body of the cat got strained and swelled, straining more, swelling more then, became a tiger A tiger at that night, fiercely caught on the lady on her bed. Note: Words in parenthesis is shown (interpolation) to imply information inscribed in the sentence.
The words "a male cat", "city clock", and "a tiger" are put into subject category referring to the semantic of certain material things. Each word has double semantic, denotative and connotative. The denotative semantic of cat and tiger is relating to an animal with certain shape and characteristics. The word city clock is a thing made with a certain shape and characteristics, and installed on city spot. On the other hand, connotative semantic of cat in the context of this poetry is also given for a man who was studying and he was rent in the lady's house as the host whose husband was on the leave for a quite long time. Next connotative semantic of tiger is the other name for a man who was renting a room in the lady's house but he was also sexually attracted to the lady whose husband was away. Finally, connotative semantic of city clock is a symbol of social condition or social dynamic of urban community.
Referring to the semantic words in the subject category, it can be inscribed six information units from the poetry. First is a semantic about the identity of a man who was renting a room in the house of a lady left by her husband. This man is given a symbol "yellow stripes", and it is possibly described as handsome and playboy. Second is about the status of the man who was staying with the lady. Third is a semantic of social condition and social dynamic of a free city life. Fourth is a description of sexual desire of the man to the lonely woman. The fifth is the semantic of the renter's sexual desire comparison. This sexual desired is compared to a tiger which was ready to catch on a prey. Sixth information unit provides a semantic of releasing sexual desire of the man to the lonely lady whose husband was studying in America.
The reflection of all these semantics is that the release of sexual desire of man and woman out of marriage is possible when there is the chance and it is supported by is social dynamic condition. In the biological perspective, it is reasonable to happen because men are sexual desire for woman because it is the innate potential after entering the puberty period. However, in sociological perspective, the release of sexual desire between man and woman out of marriage is considered as violation of ethics or social norms; customary law, religion law, and national law. The illegal sexual intercourse between man and woman is called adultery (uncontrolled sexual lust). M. Quraish Shihab admitted that adultery is a copulation of two different genitals without marriage. Also, Ibnu Rusydi stated similarly saying that adultery is a copulation without legal marriage. (in https://studipemikiranquranhadist. wordpress. com/2013/12/06/71/;accessed in13 March 2017).
From both semantic and reflexive findings, it can be said that uncontrolled lust is a conditional factor due to higher frequency of meeting or staying together, as described in the poetry. In Islamic perspective, as warned by the Prophet Muhammad, with his statement, "do not a man meet (khalwat) with a lonely woman in non-rightful occasion because the third was the devil, except the woman is hismuhrim, a person cannot be married due to family relation or guardians" (narrated by Ahmad).
Referring to the reflexive constructs, it can be said that the existence of adultery is the action of releasing sexual desire between man and woman beyond marriage or only for having fun, and it surely violates customary law, religion law, and national law. In other words, adultery cannot be judged from biological perspective only, but also it must be understood from sociological perspective.
Based on the semantic, reflexive, and existential findings, it can be concluded that multicultural value that is formulated into customary law, religion law, and national law, must bind all organic elements of society. The awareness of individual as the organic member of community to the existence of customary law, religion law, and national law. It is the main key to prevent adultery in the community. In this context, the meaning of multicultural value is the acknowledgement of the human dignity of human who lives in the community where each of individuals possesses unique personal culture (Mahfud, 2006;75).

CONCLUSION
In the personal freedom discussion, Husni Djamaluddin understood that freedom is always related to an obligation. The application of multicultural of personal freedom is always equal to the rights of receiving opportunity, such as education.
Sacrifice is the essence of virtue and sublimity to all creatures. In the other words, being kind and sublime person would require making sacrifice or giving charity. It is consistent with a proverb "to give is better than to ask".
The individual awareness as the organic member of community that formulates the existence of customary law, religion law, and national law, is the main key to alleviate adultery in the community. In this context, multicultural value contains a recognition to the human dignity who lives in the community with their different unique cultures.


Islamic Religion Value on the Liric Text of Kaili Pop Song Regional Review of Literature in Islamic Education

Lyric of the Kaili Pop song is a literary work that reflects the cultural attitudes of the Kaili society as the owner. The lyrics of the song express feelings or ideas of authors based on the author's life experience. The lyrics of the Kaili's songs that are unique in the theoretical perspective representing the cultural values of Kaili that implicate literature, especially on religious values of Islamic education, (1) prayer (2) repentance, and (3) firmness/resignation. The data of this qualitative research is the text of the lyrics of Kaili pop song. The data source of this research is Kaili songs obtained through audiovisuals in the form of cassettes or CDs. Data were collected through documentation study. The text of the songâ€™s lyric was transcribed into the data card sheets and coded according to the focus of the research. The data transcription is analyzed in accordance with the steps of analysis proposed by Ricoeur consisting of (1) semantic understanding stage, (2) reflective understanding stage, and (3) existential understanding stage.

Islamic Religion Value on The Liric Text of Kaili Pop Song Regional Review of Literature in Islamic Education
role and can be used as a grip of life that reflects Kaili's identity and philosophy. Therefore, the lyric text of Kaili's pop song is interesting to be study, especially on Islamic religious values. The message represents the value of Islam as a reflection of Kaili's ethnic identity personality is capable in forming social symbols that can be used as a reference to live flexible. One characteristic that reflects the personality of the Kaili tribe is the lyric text of Kaili's pop song. 7KH O\ULF RI .DLOL ¶V SRS VRQJ LV SDUW RI OLWHUDWXUH WKDW LV XVHG DV D specific language that is special and different language in general. Literature is often interpreted as a beautiful language, a rhythmic language, which has certain sound patterns such as ritual, rhythm, assonance and alliteration, etc. Literary language is considered different from everyday language because it is not primarily functioning as an author expression tool, not a tool to influence the reader, not to convey something, not to strengthen the bond between people, not to explain abstract language rules, but to attract attention to itself.
The values of Islamic religious that emphasize on how is the relationship of human and God includes: prayer, repentance, and fortitude. These values can be obtained by listeners when they listen to the Kaili pop song. The listener will gain hidden knowledge behind the beauty of the song's lyrics through listening, understanding, and contemplation. Messages and knowledge obtained can be applied in real life every day. Lyrics of Kaili pop songs has an important contribution in the disclosure of the values that contain religious messages based on Islam that invites the song lovers to understand and apply the religious messages contained in lyrics. Furthermore, the values of religion greatly affects the behavior and actions of human beings whether done by individuals or groups.
5HOLJLRXV YDOXHV LQ OLWHUDU\ ZRUNV HVSHFLDOO\ RQ WKH O\ULFV RI .DLOL ¶V pop song are very necessary because it influenced the inner awareness of listener to bea good human being. Religious values of awareness of understanding and appreciation of Islamic-based especially in the current globalization era needs to be instilled to the listeners; therefore the lyrics of Kaili's pop song can be used as the benchmarks of faith builders.
Literature is the result of human creation that has beauty. The beauty that we can see in a series of words composed by many authors 1 . They suggest three definitions of literature. Firstly, literature is everything written or printed. In that sense, everything written, whether medical science, social science, or whatever is written is literary. Secondly, literature is limited only to "great books", books that are considered prominent because of their form and literary expression. In this case the criteria used are aesthetic, or aesthetic value combined to scientific value. Lastly, literature is applied to the literary art that is seen as imaginative works, which have beautiful and polite writing.
Literary works are works of art that desire creativity. The concept of literature is imaginative, literature is the result of experience and the result of that experience becomes a new discovery arranged into a system with the power of imagination to create a new world that had never been existed before.
The benefits of literary works need to be restored through considering some matters relating to literature such as; 1) the rise of culture studies; 2) among literary works, works of art occupy dominant position, with the utilization of language aspect as communication system; 3) increasingly away from society towards aesthetic elements, considered as one indicator of the increasing number of violence; 4) the dissemination of literary works, through its beauty aspects does not require significant energy and cost, concrete efforts that can be made in situations of economic crisis; and 5) literary works have existed since ancient times as a tradition, so it only requires the process of habituation as revitalization. Messages and contents can have forms, both oral and written 2 . This qualitative research uses hermeneutic approach. The focus of the study is the lyric of Kaili pop song which represent religion based on Islam.
7KH GDWD XVHG LQ WKLV VWXG\ DUH WKH O\ULFV IURP WZR .DLOL ¶V VRQJV The first song is Ina Toveaku (Mother of whom I love), whilst the second song is Nipokiomo Ntupu (Called by God). The third is Matobamo song. The fourth song is Tupu Mbabalasina (God pay it back). The data were gathered from audio and audio-visual recordings.
Data were collected through documentation. Documents of audio and audio-visual recordings are transcribed to obtain written documentation. Transcribed documents are copied back in form of data sheets. After a number of song lyric texts have been collected and manifested in the data sheets, the researcher checks the relevance according to the research focus.
The first data analyzed in this research is text lyric of Kaili op song. Data analysis in this study follow the steps proposed by Ricoeur which includes anything that was expecting to see being discussed in any findings and discussion session., however, it was not there, and if it does it is not clearly stated. 3 At the stage of semantic understanding, reading and understanding are made. Activities undertaken at this stage include data identification and data classification. In this reflective stage, an explanation and deepening of the findings are made. Furthermore, at the stage of existence the author carried out the meaning extension of the truth of the findings.

B. The Nature of Values
The term values have various definitions. The matter of beauty is the matter of art. 4 Art is all that creates a plan of beauty or novelty and all that is created to produce plan. The plan spawned fun and aimed to be fun. Furthermore, beauty though is not identical, related intimately with kindness. 5 In this case, aesthetics are closely related to ethics; good is beautiful, and beautiful is good.
Values are the ones that are understood about what is more important or less important, what is better or less good, and what is more correct or less true. 6 Meanwhile, Mattulada (1995:154) states that values are qualities or special things, useful and desirable or at least wanted by humans. 7 Value can also be defined as something that satisfies the needs or desires of man and as the quality of a response.
It can be concluded that the value is a character owned by an object or quality on a particular object. Nature or quality is seen through the manifestation that will be actualized if there is a relationship between the object and the subject (human). In addition to the above values, there are also four different meanings of value. First, the value is useful. Second, it is good, big, or beautiful. Third, contains value means that there are character that can lead to the attitude of agree or the attitude to want to have it. Fourth, giving value means deciding that something has certain ability (certainty). It indicates that the understanding of many experts' about value is different according to the respective viewpoints.
Value refers to a person's attitude towards something good. 8 Values can be interconnected to form a system of one another, coherent, and affect the human life. Thus, it can be concluded that value is the character or things that are important and useful to humans. Value cannot be separated from human life. Values are always being pursued, defended, aspired, and coveted so that their presence is always become a motivation to every human activity. Man acts, behind every action and behavior there is always a motive humans do because they wants to achieve something.

C. Definition of Religion
The word religion comes from Latin language that is relegere which means collecting and reading or binding in other opinion. Religious do have the nature of binding for humans with their God. Nurgiyantoro, (2002:216) suggests that there is a difference between religion to religiosity. 9 Religion refers to the institutional devotions to God and official laws, while religiosity is transcended deeper and broader than visible, formal, and official religion. Thus it can be concluded that religion is a feeling that is more directed to its existence as a human being because of its personalities and its scope that is more broadly than religion that limited only to teachings and connections.
The religious value or divinity in the literature is a matter of literary existence itself. 10 Literature grew up through religious nature. The divinity value upholds human qualities of a deep conscience, the dignity and the personal freedom that humans possess. A message contains value of divinity in poetry is a communication between the author and his Lord to represent others in expressing his feelings and able to bring humans to be more cautious, more contemplating to the power of God and respecting the whole world. 11

D. Concept of Text
Text can be defined as a language expression composed of contents, syntax, pragmatics which are an inseparable unit of unity. 12 There are three things that must exist in a text, namely content, syntax, and pragmatics.
First, the content is related to the idea of a text. The text must reveal the ideas or images that exist in life. Such ideas or images are expressed in drama and prose or word sequences, usually in poetry. Author can explicitly and implicitly pour ideas to show the content as the message conveyed in the text. The content in the text is closely related to semantics. Semantics is one of the studies in language related to meaning. Content in the text is like the meanings conveyed by the author. This expression of meaning can be done openly, straightly, clearly, or hidden through symbols.
Second, syntax in the grammar is defined as a sentence. Syntactically a text must show a link. The link will be seen if the grammatical elements functioning as a pointer (conjunction) are used consistently. The use of pronouns as conjunctions can be found in poetry, for example in the kiltlike of mu or ku may substitute or refer to the name of the person spoken in a poetic text. Syntax is so important in a text as well as the consistency of conjunction so it is not confuse sentences that build stories or vocabulary, paraphrase, or sentences that build poetry.
Third, pragmatics deals with situations or circumstances when language is used. Pragmatic is related to how language is used in a particular social context; text is a unity of expression in the language used by participants in speech. 13  context behind the speech. It is expressed by Luxemburg that is closely related to the completeness in understanding a text. The meaning of unity leads to the unity of a text.

E. Lyric of Song
A poet does not really concern to the language used in writing song. The use of written language is loose as the language used in casual situations, but cannot be separated from the creative process, word selection and language. The same thing is expressed by Waluyo that the lyrics of a song are examples of common poetry. 14 The characteristic of general poetry is that the language should be easy to understand, because the listener must quickly understand the content when the song is being heard.
A songwriter can be equated to a poet. Poetry is a form of literature that H[SUHVVHV WKH SRHW ¶s thoughts and feelings imaginatively and is compiled by concentrating all the power of language, namely the physical structure and inner structure. 15 The physical structure of the language is the language used, while the inner structure is the meaning and message of the thoughts and feelings expressed by the poet. Both elements are functionally interconnected.
Another writer expresses that the text of the song has meaning in the form of words or sentences that can be used to create a certain atmosphere and imagination to the audience so that it can also create diverse meanings. 16 In its function as an oral communication medium, the song is often used as a means to invite sympathy about the reality that is happening as well as on imaginative stories. Ethnic of Kaili has a language as an ancestral heritage that is still preserved and used in their lives. The language that is alive and used in everyday conversations is about twenty languages. 17 The poet has a specific purpose when composing the lines and stanzas in such a way, as well as the use of words, symbols, figures, and so on. The lyrics of the song that the poet shows have meaning, because the words used are a form of emotive expressions embodied in sounds Islamic Religion Value on The Liric Text of Kaili Pop Song Regional Review of Literature in Islamic Education and words. Therefore, the song lyrics produced must use a language that is capable of giving aesthetic pleasure to the listener. Aesthetic pleasure in the language is the feeling of pleasure in the listener generated by the use of beautiful, delicate, melodic language that reflects artistic taste of the author. The beauty of language is made through the selection of words that show the right taste, sound, rhythm, or idiom. This makes the use of language in the lyrics of the song has special features that distinguish the use of other languages. A songwriter in writing lyrical songs emphasizes linguistic factors to realize his work, among others: the choice of words and style of language. 18

Song of Kaili (Kailinese Song)
Kaili's song is an expression of the author's feelings as Kaili speakers in pouring ideas by using Kaili language as his tool. Kaili's song contains a number of events that occur in daily life of the Kailinese. The event was a religious, social, ethical and aesthetic activity that depicted Kaili's ethnic culture. The lyrics of the Kaili song is the result of the LPDJLQDWLRQ RI WKH DXWKRU RU VRQJZULWHU RI .DLOL ¶V VRQJ EDVHG RQ ZKDW KH feels, sees, and experiences. In addition, the lyrics of Kaili's song have a distinctive physical structure, style, and message and may be different from other lyrical texts. 19 The text of Kaili's song lyrics is the cultural heritage of the Kaili community. The lyrics text of Kaili song has a number of aesthetic values that are quite varied. It can be seen through the representation of aesthetic values on the physical structure, language style, and text messages that describe the unique beauty value of it and also as a picture of Kailinese (society/community) life. Kaili's song is written by the author with a language game that includes vocal games, word choices, language styles, and meanings. The game of language or deviation is done by the author solely to effects the attraction or uniqueness of the song that was created. In addition, the author in writing songs based on the results of imagination or in the form of ideas obtained through the events seen or occurs around the life of the community or even experienced by the author himself.

F. Findings and Discussion
Each literary text, both oral and written, contains a message to convey to the reader or hearer. The message in question is the divinity message which includes (1) prayer (2) repentance, (3) gratuitousness and (4) piety. The description of the results of this research presents the exposure of the results in accordance to the focus of the four divinity messages in the text of Kaili pop lyrics. The description s can be seen below.

G. Prayer Message
The divinity value that contains a request message that is represented in the text of Kailipop song through Ina Toveaku (Mother of whom I love) can be seen in the following song text.

Data 1 Kailinese Language
Oh Tupu tarima tinaku Singgani ante amalana Potove ripekapuimu Ala masana tuvuna hamai The translation Oh God accept my mother along with her charity so she will live happily there in the paradise Love her in your arms The description of illustration above is form of semantic understanding analysis of the divinity value that contains the prayer message. Then, through the text translation of the song's lyrics to the quotation, there is a divinity value that describes the relationship of the Kailinese with their God in asking prayer for the salvation of the mother who has returned to Him as a reflective understanding.
The description of the understanding of existence or extension of meaning shows that in the text of the song's lyrics, there is a message that represents the divinity value that appears in the quotation/Oh Tupu tarima tinaku/, /Singgani ante amalana/, /Potove ripekapuimu/, dan /Ala masana tuvuna hamai/ artinya /Oh God accept my mother /, /along with her charity/, /so she will live happily there in the paradise /, and/Love her in your arms/.Through the quotation, we get a message showing the value of the divinity that represents His servant's prayer WR *RG´ Kita kana mbatora reso nutinata ante mbapotovena ante merapi doa nte Tupu 7DDOD PDXSD WLQDWD QRNDXOXPR QWH 7XSX´ means ³We always remember the work of a mother and always love her by praying to God even though RXU PRWKHU KDV UHWXUQHG WR *RG´.
The message is a uniqueness that reflects the divine personality ethnic Kaili through communicating to his Lord to ask for pleasure on what he asks for. The communication ties pictured in the text represent a person to pray to God.
The text of the song lyrics above contains religious values that represent messages that describe the relationship between human beings with their creator. The message of the petition can be demonstrated through the occurrence of communication between man and their God used to invoke the salvation prayer for a mother who has returned to Him (God). The message reflects personality and tradition of Kailinese in communicating to their God to ask for their wishes. The communication ties depicted in the text of the song's lyrics represent a person to ask God as a slave, in this case a child's plea to God for his mother to be accepted for his good deeds to have a place in heaven.
The results of the analysis of prayer shows the value of the divinity that can be seen in the text of the song lyrics called Nipokiomo Ntupu (Called by God) as seen below: We are mate The description of illustration above showed the semantic understanding analysis of the divinity message contains the request message in the quotation. Then, through the text translation of the song's lyrics on the quotation, a message of divinity value represents the relationship of Kailinese to their God in asking for a raising his heart that lives in sorrow and pray to God that the unrealized mate in the world can be realized in the heaven as a reflective understanding .
The description of understanding of extension of meaning indicates that in the text of the song's lyrics, there is a message that represents the divine value containing the message of the petition appear on the quotation The description of the understanding of existence or extension of meaning shows that in the text of the song's lyrics, there is a message that represents the divinity value that appears in the quotation/Oh .... Tupu Description above illustrates form of semantic understanding analysis to the message of the divinity value which contains a message of UHSHQWDQFH $ PHVVDJH RI GLYLQLW\ YDOXH WKURXJK WKH VRQJV ¶ WUDQVODWLRQ DERYH UHSUHVHQWV WKH UHODWLRQVKLS RI WKH .DLOL ¶V PDQ WR KLV *RG LQ expressing repentance in order not to gamble as a reflective understanding.
The description of the understanding of existence or extension of meaning shows that in the text of the song's lyrics, there is a message that represents the divinity value that contains repentance value ³Matobamatoba mo,nemo botoro,maje-majea mo, ne mangali nomoro, inda QLSROHD PEDUD QDRSX QLSREDOX NDWXYXD OHGR QDVL\D\X´ PHDQV ³Please be repentance, Do not gamble, Please be deterrent, Do not buy number (white coupon), Debt bears, Treasures sold out, Life is a mess´ 7KH Messageis a uniqueness that reflects the divine personality possessed by the ethnic Kailinese who is consider that ancestral heritage need to be upheld and used as guidance of life in everyday life, where the act of gambling is prohibited by God because it can damage human life.

I. Firmness (Resignation Message)
Analysis result of the use of message that shows divinity value contains repentance message can be seen through lyric text of Tupu Mbabalasina (God pay it back).

Data 4 Kailinese Language
Abala nuapa nikavaku Sampe-sampe yaku nisangka nangganga This manifestation is a reflection of the value of social life, psychological turmoil, and all aspects caused by the power of social interaction, either directly or indirectly, in a certain time and atmosphere.


Communication Styles of Primary School Teachers During Teaching

: In international literature, teacher communication style (TCS) is defined as the teacher's ability to effectively communicate, verbally and nonverbally, with his/her students in order to improve their academic performance and manage their behavior. Surveys in educational environments show that each teacher may display a primary communication style during classroom teaching with recurring other styles of communication, which can change according to the audience and the situations he/she has to deal with. This combination of communication styles enables individuals not to feel confined to the way they communicate, but to become flexible and capable of choosing communication strategies according to the variety of situations they are faced with. Within this framework, the present study deals with the phenomenon of human communication and focuses on the communication style of teachers. More specifically, the study explores the communication style of primary school teachers during teaching process, utilizing modern Greek and international typology and teachers’ communication strategies according to Jay Lemke and behaviors related to verbal and nonverbal immediacy during teaching. Those communication styles shaping the school climate and contribute in interpersonal relationship development among teachers, students and parents.

Based on these views, international research experience refers to scientifically-based categorization of communication strategies and techniques that individuals use to communicate by highlighting the appropriate types or styles of communication (Stamatis 2014). Communication types or styles are widely known since ancient Greek times as those which referred by Hippocrates for instance. The purpose of communication typologies is to highlight not only the most important communication features of individuals but also to enable individuals to learn in which way they could to identify different styles of communication in order to identify which of them they can use as they interact with others. Different circumstances require the development and use of different styles of communication than what they are used to. Thus, people can gradually develop communication skills that require a high level of self-awareness and social competency.
In this framework, it is reasonably understandable the communication to be linked with Education Sciences and especially when they focus on the pedagogical dimension of communication, both at the level of relation development between the members of the educational community and more widely, with all involved persons in the function of a school unit, aiming in realization of educational program (Vrettos 2014).
Modern Pedagogical Science treats man as a whole, as a multifaceted personality, the various aspects of which are strengthened and developed in a balanced way. For this reason, it focuses on the relationship between teacher and student and on the field of communication developed within the classroom and generally in school environment (McCroskey et al. 1996).
The educational work in total and in particular the didactic one is characterized by an endless communicative process, which makes the work of teachers mainly communicative (Stamatis 2005). Consequently, in the field of Pedagogical Communication, teachers are categorized according to their communicative behavior, which is a basic criterion for evaluating the teaching efficiency and improving the learning process as a whole (Edwards and Edwards 2001).
As one could find out by reviewing the Greek bibliography, there are many references about types of teachers such as authoritarian, democratic, progressive or uninterested and some styles of teaching behavior as well as for communication models which arise from the emergence of the teacher-centered teaching method or of a student-centered interactive pedagogy and teaching which actually is a communication-

PURPOSES OF THE STUDY
Within the above mentioned framework, the present study deals with the phenomenon of human communication and focuses on the communication style of teachers. More specifically, the study explores the communication styles of primary school teachers during teaching process, utilizing modern Greek and international typology and teachers' communication strategies according to Jay Lemke (1990) and behaviors related to verbal and nonverbal immediacy during teaching. Those communication styles shaping the school climate and contribute in interpersonal relationship development among teachers, students and parents. More specifically, the study aims to investigate: 1.
Which one of the twelve (12)

METHOD
In order to be investigated the purposes and the specific objectives of this study in primary school units research was conducted on May 2016. The whole project was based on the principles of research ethics and common procedures related to the nature of present research subject.

Sample of the Study
The sample of the study was been consisted of fifty (50) teachers in total who were working in primary schools of the Rhodes city -Greece. Twenty-three (23) of them were men and twenty-seven (27) of them were women between 30-50 years of age. The sample was homogeneous. Only primary school teachers were participated in the study without restrictive criteria regarding years of work, level of study, the institutional framework of schools they were working etc.

Data Collection Instrument
The instrument of research data collection was an improvised questionnaire by the researchers of the study structured in three parts. In each of that parts the participating teachers answered the given statements (or questions) closing in a circle the given answer which was only agree or disagree. The first part of the questionnaire was consisted of twelve (12) statements, the second part was consisted of six (6) statements and the third part was consisted of forty-three (43) statements. The (43) statements (or questions) of the third part were divided into twelve groups of statements equal to the twelve styles of communication approached in the present study. Every group of that statements (or questions) was depicted communicative behaviors related to verbal and nonverbal teaching immediacy in the classroom during teaching process.

Data Collection Procedure
Questionnaire was decided to be the main instrument for research data collection. It was distributed in person by the researchers to the participating teachers who were been informed for the subject of present study and the terms for its conduction. Anonymity of participating teachers was assured. All statements/questions were closed. Only one answer could be given choosing between agree or disagree (yes/no). The collection of questionnaires was completed within one month as a result of small amount of the sample and the closed type of statements/ questions in which the participating teachers were invited to provide answers. The process of reaching conclusions was mainly based on the analysis and interpretation of gathered quantitative data. All results of Part C are briefly shown in Table 2 based on communication styles created according to J. L. Lemke dominated verbal communication strategies during teaching process.

CONCLUSIONS
Analyzing and interpreting the results of the research data it is generally concluded that teachers use various communication styles with the Assertive

LIMITATIONS AND STRENGTHS
The enrichment of this study with variables such as the experience or training of teachers, the institutional framework for the operation of schools etc. could positively contribute to its expanding in order more robust results to be come out. In this context preschool, primary and secondary schools could be participate in a such study in order to be investigated similarities and differences in the teachers' communication style based on the educational level they are teach. In addition, the combination of questionnaire and classroom observation could make a significant contribution to enhancing the findings of exploring teacher communication styles during teaching.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many warm thanks to all participants in this study. All of them were voluntarily participated and with great willingness. Their responses contributed to the realization of this study in the best possible way.