text: This thinker argued that capital punishment was only acceptable in very pious socieities- as they believed in atonement in the afterlife- in his essay "Reflections on the Guillotine."
full_question: This thinker argued that capital punishment was only acceptable in very pious socieities- as they believed in atonement in the afterlife- in his essay "Reflections on the Guillotine." An essay by this thinker argues that Ivan Karamazov's statement that "Everything is permitted" is not a happy observation but rather a bitter truth. That essay by this man begins by saying that "There is but one truly serious philosophical problem, and that is suicide," and it concludes that "One must imagine" the title figure "happy." For ten points, name this existentialist author of "The Myth of Sisyphus."
first_sentence: This thinker argued that capital punishment was only acceptable in very pious socieities- as they believed in atonement in the afterlife- in his essay "Reflections on the Guillotine."