text: The “critical” properties found at this point are notated with asterisks, and their ratios with their corresponding stagnation values equal the quantity 2 over quantity 1 plus the heat capacity ratio all raised to some power.
full_question: The “critical” properties found at this point are notated with asterisks, and their ratios with their corresponding stagnation values equal the quantity 2 over quantity 1 plus the heat capacity ratio all raised to some power. At an aperture near this point, when downstream pressure drops below a critical value, the flow rate becomes independent of downstream pressure, or “choked”, as can be seen in the convergent-divergent nozzle designed by Gustaf de Laval. Flows near this point are typically simplified by being treated as isentropic. The Rankine-Hugoniot conditions model a phenomenon that occurs above this point. Density fluctuations begin to be considered significant at around 30% this value, above which flows are considered compressible. Above this point, shockwaves begin to form. This phenomenon can be defined as the square root of bulk modulus over density. For 10 points, name this value found in the denominator of the Mach number, equal to about 340 meters per second for air.
first_sentence: The “critical” properties found at this point are notated with asterisks, and their ratios with their corresponding stagnation values equal the quantity 2 over quantity 1 plus the heat capacity ratio all raised to some power.