text: In the grand canonical ensemble, the derivative of the particle density with respect to the chemical potential equals pressure divided by the square of this quantity.
full_question: In the grand canonical ensemble, the derivative of the particle density with respect to the chemical potential equals pressure divided by the square of this quantity. The distance at which the Coulomb energy between two elementary charges equals this quantity is called the Bjerrum length. The ensemble average of the product of a generalized coordinate x and the derivative of the Hamiltonian with respect to x equals this quantity. In Flory-Huggins theory, the exchange energy is normalized by this quantity to give the interaction parameter. The phonon energy is divided by this quantity in the heat capacity integral found in the Debye model. The inverse of this quantity is the thermodynamic beta. The average energy per quadratic degree of freedom equals one-half times this quantity according to the equipartition theorem. For 10 points, name this quantity which represents a thermal energy scale, since it equals the product of the constant equal to 1.38 times 10 to the minus 23 Joules per Kelvin and a quantity measured in Kelvins.
first_sentence: In the grand canonical ensemble, the derivative of the particle density with respect to the chemical potential equals pressure divided by the square of this quantity.
raw_answer: kT [or kBT; or the product of Boltzmann's constant and temperature; or obvious equivalents; or thermal energy until it is read, do NOT accept or prompt on partial answers]