The expectation value of an operator named for these objects equals the transition moment integral, which is used to derive most selection rules.
The expectation value of an operator named for these objects equals the transition moment integral, which is used to derive most selection rules. The Keesom force is between these objects. The only vibrations detectable in IR spectroscopy require a change in a namesake quantity of these objects. Torque is maximized when they are oriented perpendicular to an applied field. The potential from these objects varies with the negative (*) third power of distance. In chemistry, they are represented by an arrow with a plus sign on one end. Their moments are measured in debyes (duh-byes) or coulomb-meters. Induced ones cause London dispersion forces. For 10 points, name these objects formed from differences in electronegativity in a bond, which consist of two separated, opposite charges.
The expectation value of an operator named for these objects equals the transition moment integral, which is used to derive most selection rules.
electric dipole [or magnetic dipole]