text: In 20th century philosophy, the question of what does or doesn't count as this activity was the"problem of demarcation."
full_question: In 20th century philosophy, the question of what does or doesn't count as this activity was the"problem of demarcation." A 1962 book defined the "normal" type of this activity as an accumulation ofresults from "problem-solving," and used Wittgenstein's image of the "duckrabbit" to show how differenttypes of it might perceive differnetly. This activity is disrupted during times of "paradigm shift" accordingto philosopher (*) Thomas Kuhn, and its claims must be falsifiable according to Karl Popper's work on this typeof discovery. In 1620, a new way of doing this was proposed in Novum Organum. For 10 points, name this method ofacademic inquiry championed by Francis Bacon, whose "revolutions" might replace ideas such as Newtonianphysics with special relativity.
first_sentence: In 20th century philosophy, the question of what does or doesn't count as this activity was the"problem of demarcation."
raw_answer:  science [or scientific method; or scientific research; or scientific revolutions]